gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regulation of thymocyte development through CD3. I. Timepoint of ligation of CD3 epsilon determines clonal deletion or induction of developmental program. (1993)

Several recent observations suggest that successful rearrangement of the T cell receptor (TCR) beta locus induces several important events in thymocyte maturation. Allelic exclusion is achieved by interruption of further rearrangement of the beta locus, and CD4-8- interleukin (IL)-2R+ cells enter the CD4+8+IL-2R- stage. The actual molecular events regulating this important control point are unknown, but may be related to the expression of the TCR-beta locus in immature CD4-8- thymocytes. It is not clear whether maturation is induced by intracellular appearance of TCR-beta chain or by signal transduction through an immature TCR complex on the thymocyte membrane, possibly involving TCR-beta chain homodimers and CD3. Here we show that early addition of anti-CD3 mAb to fetal thymic organ cultures induces all known events associated with the acquisition of the CD4+8+ stage. Expression of CD4 and CD8 is accelerated, IL-2R alpha is downregulated, and the cells fail to produce TCR-beta, possibly based on premature cessation of beta gene rearrangement. Upon stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies, we see calcium mobilization in 15% of all CD4-8- thymocytes with no detectable surface TCR expression. These results suggest that functional CD3 is expressed on immature thymocytes at very low concentrations before the appearance of a complete TCR-beta chain. Ligation of CD3 at this stage may mimic the maturation signal normally generated by the immature TCR-beta homodimer-CD3 complex. The results are consistent with the notion that acquisition of the CD4+8+ stage involves signal transduction through an immature TCR complex. Later in thymocyte development, ligation of CD3 results in deletion of CD4+8+ cells. Thus, signal transduction through CD3 may result in entirely different cellular responses, depending on the stage of thymocyte differentiation. These results suggest an involvement of CD3 as a link in signal transduction for at least two different decision points in the development of a thymocyte.
III.—The Suffolk Boxstones and their probable Age (1918)

The detrital matter underlying the Suffolk and N.W. Essex Crags forms an incongruous mass of disrupted local rocks and fossils, supplemented by a few transported boulders of igneous and sedimentary rocks of different ages and mostly small. To these have to be added organic remains of many classes in various conditions of preservation.
Flight Test Results for an Experimental GPS C/A-code Receiver in a General Aviation Aircraft* (1983)

This paper describes the design and flight test results of an experimental Global Positioning System receiver installed in a general aviation aircraft. These tests were part of a GPS test and evaluation project conducted for the Federal Aviation Administration by M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory. The purpose of the project was to design a GPS C/A-code receiver that: 1) meets the current FAA requirements for two-dimensional area navigation (RNAV) systems, 2) employs techniques which could potentially lead to low-cost commercial avionics, and 3) is operationally compatible with existing ATC procedures and aircrew practices. Novel features of the design are: 1) the use of a dual-channel C/A-code receiver, and 2) the tracking of all visible satellites in view rather than a minimum set of four satellites. The system employs two DEC LSI-11/23 computers, one to perform position fixing and receiver control, and the other to perform navigation and data recording tasks. Pilot displays include a conventional course deviation indicator (CDI), omni-bearing selector (OBS), and intelligent control and display unit (CDU). The GPS receiver was flight tested at a large urban airport, at several small general aviation airports, and over mountainous terrain. The horizontal system accuracy during typical aircraft flight profiles was measured to be 333 feet (95% confidence). This level of accuracy meets the FAA's current accuracy requirements for two-dimensional area navigation systems and is consistent with future navigational accuracy requirements.
Dislocation-Free Czochralski Silicon Crystal Growth without Dash Necking (2001)

Dislocation-free silicon crystals which underwent boron and phosphorus doping were grown by the Czochralski (CZ) method without Dash necking. The boron concentration limit in a silicon seed 7×7 mm 2 in cross section without dislocations due to thermal shock was 1×10 18 atoms/cm 3 in ordinary CZ silicon-crystal growth. The maximum admissible discrepancy of boron concentration in the seed and grown crystal was 7×10 18 atoms/cm 3 without dislocations due to lattice misfit in the grown crystal. Silicon seeds with a boron concentration of 3×10 18 atoms/cm 3 were used to grow CZ silicon crystals from lightly boron-doped (p-type) or phosphorus-doped (n-type) silicon melt, yielding dislocation-free silicon crystals without the need for Dash necking. Heavily boron-doped silicon seed should thus be applicable in growing other practical lightly doped dislocation-free CZ-silicon crystals without the need for Dash necking.
Removal of NO and Formation of Byproducts in a Positive-Pulsed Corona Discharge Reactor (2000)

The effect of feed gas composition on the removal of NO and the formation of byproducts in a positive-pulsed corona discharge reactor were experimentally examined. The mechanism for the removal of NO was found to largely depend on the gas composition. In the absence of oxygen, most of the NO removed was reduced to N2; on the other hand, the oxidation of NO to NO2 was dominant when oxygen was present although the content was low. The removal of NO decreased with the water vapor content due to the decreases in the power delivery and the formation of ozone. The production of N2O increased with the pulse repetition rate, and the presence of NH3 and SO2 enhanced it. Byproducts generated from propene used as additive were identified and analyzed. The main byproducts other than carbon oxides were found to be ethane and formaldehyde, but their concentrations were negligibly small.
Characterization of the actin binding properties of the vasodilator‐stimulated phosphoprotein VASP (1999)

The vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) colocalizes with the ends of stress fibers in cell-matrix and cell-cell contacts. We report here that bacterially expressed murine VASP directly interacts with skeletal muscle actin in several test systems including cosedimentation, viscometry and polymerization assays. It nucleates actin polymerization and tightly bundles actin filaments. The interaction with actin is salt-sensitive, indicating that the complex formation is primarily based on electrostatic interactions. Actin binding is confined to the C-terminal domain of VASP (EVH2). This domain, when expressed as a fusion protein with EGFP, associates with stress fibers in transiently transfected cells.
Fiber optic oxygen sensor using fluorescence quenching for aircraft inerting fuel tank applications (2009)

On July 18, 2008, the FAA mandated that new aircraft are to include inerting technology to significantly reduce the potential for flammable vapor spaces in center wing fuel tanks. All passenger aircraft constructed since 1991 must also be retrofitted with this technology. This ruling is the result of 18 aircraft that have experienced fuel tank flammable vapor ignition incidents since 1960. Included in these are the TWA 800 and Avianca Flight 203 incidents that resulted in 337 total fatalities. Comprised of heavier hydrocarbon components, jet fuel is much less volatile, with Jet A having a flash point of approximately 100°F and JP-4 having a flash point of approximately 0°F. In contrast, straight-run gasoline has a flash point of approximately -40°F. The flash point is the minimum temperature where a liquid fuel can generate enough vapor to form a flammable mixture with air. If the temperature is below the flash point there isn't enough fuel evaporating to form a flammable fuel-air mixture. Since jet fuel and gasoline have similar flammable concentration limits, gasoline must produce much more vapor at a given temperature to have such a low flash point; hence gasoline is much more volatile than jet fuel. In this paper we explore Fluorescence Technology as applied to the design and development of O2 sensors that can be used for this application and discuss the various test and measurement techniques used to estimate the O2 gas concentration. We compare the various intensity based approaches and contrast them with the frequency domain techniques that measure phase to extract fluorescent lifetimes. The various inerting fuel tank requirements are explained and finally a novel compact measurement system using that uses the frequency heterodyning cross correlation technique that can be used for various applications is described in detail while the benefits are explored together with some test data collected.
Metalloporphyrin Contrast Enhancement of Tumors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging A Study of Human Carcinoma, Lymphoma, and Fibrosarcoma in Mice (1987)

The diagnostic use of Mn(III)TPPS4, a paramagnetic metalloporphyrin, for MR contrast enhancement was examined in human--mouse xenograph models of carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma. Spin-echo images of 15 mice, five mice for each implanted tumor type, were obtained before and at 20 minutes, and 2, 4, and 24 hours following administration of 0.09 mmol/kg of Mn(III)TPPS4. All tumors had a uniform moderate signal intensity on precontrast images. After administration of Mn(III)TPPS4, all tumors demonstrated significant enhancement of signal intensity that persisted to 24 hours. T1 relaxation times were maximally depressed at 2-4 hours and remained low to 24 hours for all three tumors. Kidney signal intensity reached a maximum at 20 minutes and remained significantly above background for 24 hours. The high relaxivity and apparent avidity of Mn(III)TPPS4 for divergent tumor histologies support the potential use of this agent for improved diagnostic specificity of MR imaging for neoplastic masses.
Stroma-free haemoglobin solution for infusion: changes during storage. (1976)

The stability of experimental haemoglobin solution for infusion (HSI) was investigated during one year storage at temperatures 20 degrees to 25 degrees C, 4 degrees C, -8 degrees to -12 degrees C, and -195.8 degrees C, respectively. Main attention was devoted to the formation of precipitate, oxidation to haemiglobin and general changes in the absorption spectrum between 550 and 650 nm. Changes were almost negligible in HSI samples stored in the frozen state. This procedure now seems the most feasible to keep the HSI injectable for at least one year. Storage at 4 degrees C led to a marked increase of haemiglobin and to changes of the absorption spectrum. Storage at 20 degrees to 25 degrees C caused profound changes of all parameters tested. Addition of EDTA, ascorbic acid or glutathione, or storage in N2 atmosphere under the given conditions failed to increase the stability of HSI. Storage of HSI samples at pH values between 7.0 and 7.8 led to similar results.
Ongoing launch vehicle innovation at United Launch Alliance (2010)

General Dynamics and McDonnell Douglas revolutionized global space access with the introduction of their respective commercial Atlas I and Delta II rockets. Developed with support from the Air Force as an anchor tenant, the commercial Atlas and Delta rockets evolved from their legacy ancestors. Through continuous innovation, these early commercial vehicles evolved to the current Atlas V and Delta IV launch vehicles that provide the backbone of America's national security and science space access. Through numerous acquisitions and mergers, both of these world class rocket families are now part of United Launch Alliance (ULA). The long history of innovation that resulted in these vehicles continues today at ULA, ensuring that the Atlas and Delta families will continue to provide reliable, cost-effective space transportation for decades to come. Ongoing development of common manufacturing and processing, an improved RS-68A, and GPS metric tracking will provide enhanced customer support in the next few years. Currently in preliminary development, the Advanced Common Evolved Stage (ACES) and human rating will substantially enhance ULA's ability to support its customer needs. With conceptual development of partial booster reuse, orbital refueling, long-duration stages, and long-duration cryogenic propulsion stages, ULA is setting the stage to provide revolutionary space transportation in the years ahead.
Resilient microprocessor design for improving performance and energy efficiency (2010)

In this tutorial, a 45nm resilient microprocessor core with error-detection and recovery circuits demonstrates the opportunity for improving performance and energy efficiency by mitigating the impact of dynamic parameter variations. The design methodology describes the additional steps beyond a standard design flow for integrating error-detection and recovery circuits into a microprocessor core. Silicon measurements indicate that the resilient design enables a 41% throughput benefit at iso-energy or a 22% energy reduction at iso-throughput, as compared to a conventional design.
Structural studies of glucose-6-phosphate and NADP<sup>+</sup>binding to human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (2005)

Human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is NADP(+)-dependent and catalyses the first and rate-limiting step of the pentose phosphate shunt. Binary complexes of the human deletion mutant, DeltaG6PD, with glucose-6-phosphate and NADP(+) have been crystallized and their structures solved to 2.9 and 2.5 A, respectively. The structures are compared with the previously determined structure of the Canton variant of human G6PD (G6PD(Canton)) in which NADP(+) is bound at the structural site. Substrate binding in DeltaG6PD is shown to be very similar to that described previously in Leuconostoc mesenteroides G6PD. NADP(+) binding at the coenzyme site is seen to be comparable to NADP(+) binding in L. mesenteroides G6PD, although some differences arise as a result of sequence changes. The tetramer interface varies slightly among the human G6PD complexes, suggesting flexibility in the predominantly hydrophilic dimer-dimer interactions. In both complexes, Pro172 of the conserved peptide EKPxG is in the cis conformation; it is seen to be crucial for close approach of the substrate and coenzyme during the enzymatic reaction. Structural NADP(+) binds in a very similar way in the DeltaG6PD-NADP(+) complex and in G6PD(Canton), while in the substrate complex the structural NADP(+) has low occupancy and the C-terminal tail at the structural NADP(+) site is disordered. The implications of possible interaction between the structural NADP(+) and G6P are considered.
Paramedic prescribing: implementation in practice (2021)

Background: In April 2018, legislation was changed to allow paramedics to prescribe independently. There is limited research regarding how paramedics are implementing their prescribing qualification. Policy papers and other literature were largely written before April 2018 and therefore document expectations regarding prescribing paramedics within the healthcare system. Aim: To explore if paramedic prescribing is being practised as expected. This article reports part of a larger study that explored how paramedics are implementing their prescribing qualification in practice more broadly. Methods: A web-based survey was conducted using convenience sampling. The sample represents 14.65% of the total number of prescribing paramedics. Findings: Paramedics are working in a variety of areas of healthcare. Some paramedics do not have the required amount of experience or the educational background recommended to become a prescribing paramedic. It is unlikely that new pathways to care are being created by prescribing paramedics. It is unclear whether prescribing increases patient access to medications.
Mechanism of CheA Protein Kinase Activation in Receptor Signaling Complexes (1999)

The chemotaxis receptor for aspartate, Tar, generates responses by regulating the activity of an associated histidine kinase, CheA. Tar is composed of an extracellular sensory domain connected by a transmembrane sequence to a cytoplasmic signaling domain. The cytoplasmic domain fused to a leucine zipper dimerization domain forms soluble active ternary complexes with CheA and an adapter protein, CheW. The kinetics of kinase activity within these complexes compared to CheA alone indicate approximately a 50% decrease in the KM for ATP and a 100-fold increase in the Vmax. A truncated CheA construct that lacks the phosphoaccepting H-domain and the CheY/CheB-binding domain forms an activated ternary complex that is similar to the one formed by the full-length CheA protein. The Vmax of H-domain phosphorylation by this complex is enhanced approximately 60-fold, the KM for ATP decreased to 50%, and the KM for H-domain decreased to 20% of the values obtained with the same CheA construct in the absence of receptor and CheW. The kinetic data support a mechanism of CheA regulation that involves perturbation of an equilibrium between an inactive form where the H-domain is loosely bound and an active form where the H-domain is tightly associated with the CheA active site and properly positioned for phosphotransfer. The data are consistent with an asymmetric mechanism of CheA activation [Levit, M., Liu, I., Surette, M. G., and Stock, J. B. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 32057-32063] wherein only one phosphoaccepting domain of CheA at a time can interact with an active center within a CheA dimer.
Centrin4p, a Novel Mammalian Centrin Specifically Expressed in Ciliated Cells (2003)

Centriole assembly plays an important role in centrosome duplication during the cell cycle and is a prerequisite for cilia formation during the differentiation of ciliated cells. In spite of numerous investigations, the molecular machinery that governs centriole/basal body formation remains enigmatic. Recent reports suggest that the ubiquitously expressed mammalian centrins, centrin2p and centrin3p, could be involved in the centriole duplication process. To better understand the specific functions of these proteins, we performed a systematic search for novel mammalian centrins. We isolated a cDNA and the corresponding gene coding for a novel murine centrin, centrin4p, which is more closely related to centrin2p. Like centrin2p, centrin4p accumulates to centrioles and procentrioles when ectopically expressed in HeLa cells. However, centrin4p possesses two splice variants that do not localize to centrioles, suggesting a posttranscriptional regulation mechanism. We also observed that centrin4p does not share the same centriolar targeting properties with centrin2p and 3p, indicating that these proteins could recognize different centriolar partners. Centrin4 mRNA possesses a restricted expression profile and is only detected in brain, kidney, lung, and ovary. In brain, centrin4p is exclusively expressed in ependymal and choroidal ciliated cells where it is localized to basal bodies. Together, our present data suggest that centrin4p could be more specifically involved in basal bodies assembly or in a subsequent step of ciliogenesis.
von Willebrand Factor Ristocetin Cofactor Activity Correlates with Platelet Function in a High Shear Stress System (2000)

von Willebrand Factor Ristocetin Cofactor Activity Correlates with Platelet Function in a High Shear Stress System -
<title>Progressive indexing, retrieval, and transmission of wavelet-compressed image database</title> (1997)

A complete wavelet-based image storage and indexing system for progressive coding, indexing, retrieval, and transmission of images over the network is proposed in this research. New wavelet domain features which include subband significance, decomposition structure, luminance and chrominance histograms, and the significance map of the lowest frequency channel are used to achieve content-based indexing and retrieval. The proposed indexing features take into account of the color, brightness, texture, frequency, and spatial information of a given query image. All features can be naturally extracted as a byproduct during the image compression stage with wavelets. Since coding and indexing are integrated in an unified framework in the proposed system, the database management is greatly simplified. Extensive experimental results are given to demonstrate the retrieval performance of the new approach.
Protein Kinase C Phosphorylates G12α and Inhibits Its Interaction with Gβγ (1996)

Of nine G protein alpha subunits examined, only alpha 12 and alpha z served as substrates for phosphorylation by various isoforms of protein kinase C in vitro. A close homolog of alpha 12, alpha 12 was not phosphorylated. Exposure of NIH 3T3 cells that stably express alpha 12 to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate also resulted in phosphorylation of the protein. Phosphorylation in vitro occurred near the amino terminus (probably Ser38), and approximately 1 mol of phosphate was incorporated per mol of alpha 12. Although G protein heterotrimers containing either alpha 12 or a z were poor substrates for phosphorylation, the isolated alpha subunits were phosphorylated equally well in their GDP- or GTP gamma S-bound forms. The guanine nucleotide binding properties of purified alpha 12 and alpha z were unaltered by phosphorylation, as was the capacity of alpha z to inhibit type V adenylyl cyclase. However, phosphorylation of either protein greatly reduced its affinity for G protein beta gamma subunits, consistent with the newly determined crystal structure of a G protein heterotrimer. We suggest that protein kinase C regulates alpha 12- and alpha z-mediated signaling pathways by preventing their association with beta gamma.
NORMATIVE DATA AND A SHORT FORM OF THE BARRATT IMPULSIVENESS SCALE (2007)

The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is one of the most commonly used scales to measure impulsivity. It has demonstrated validity in several neuropsychiatric populations and correlates with objective neuropsychological measures and impulsivity-related behaviors in healthy individuals. Neuroimaging studies show that BIS scores relate to prefrontal structure and function, as well as central serotonergic function. This study reports normative data and demographic influences in a community sample (n = 700). A 15-item short form of the BIS (BIS 15) is presented that retains the 3-factor structure (nonplanning, motor impulsivity, and attention impulsivity), and maintained good reliability and validity.
Advances in the Microseismic Method of Hydraulic Fracture Azimuth Estimation (1986)

ABSTRACT Research during the past two years into the triaxial borehole seismic method of fracture azimuth estimation has led to the development of new data processing and analysis procedures. Applications of these techniques to data acquired in a variety of treatment zones and under a variety of treatment conditions have successfully yielded precise estimates of seismic polarization planes which exist in the microseismic data. Methods have also been developed, or are being developed, to unambiguously relate the polarization planes to real fractures in the earth. In addition, an advanced system of instrumentation has been developed and tested to simultaneously acquire bottom-hole pressure, microseismicity and temperature data in the treatment well.
Autoimmune septin-5 cerebellar ataxia (2018)

Septin-5 IgG represents a biomarker for a potentially fatal but treatable autoimmune ataxia.