gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular Localization of Rat Testicular Aromatase Activity during Development (1985)

The aromatase activity from purified testicular sources (Leydig and Sertoli cells) of immature (5- and 15-day-old) and adult rats (60-day-old) was investigated by the tritiated water release method in isolated Leydig and Sertoli cells that were morphologically and functionally characterized. Electron micrographs of Sertoli cell preparations from different ages showed no marked changes, except that tight junctions between Sertoli cells normally present in 60-day-old rats were not observed in 5-day-old and rarely found in 15-day-old animals. Leydig cells underwent ultrastructural changes along with development, such as the appearance of thicker nuclear heterochromatin and laminar-like mitochondria. The 15-day-old rat interstitial tissue possessed less than 10% of Leydig cells morphologically similar to those present in the adult, whereas the rest were probably transition cells, since they did not show typical Leydig cell structure but were able to bind [125I]iodo-hCG, as evaluated by autoradiography. The number of LH/hCG-binding sites increased with age in Leydig cells, but was not detectable in Sertoli cells. The highest number of FSH-binding sites in Sertoli cells was observed in the 15-day-old animals. Minor FSH binding was found in Leydig cell preparations, which was consistent with the known LH contamination of the human FSH tracer preparation. cAMP production increased significantly in Leydig cells only after hCG treatment and in Sertoli cells after FSH stimulation. Both types of cells were shown to have the capacity for aromatization. The aromatase activity increased in the Leydig cell but decreased in the Sertoli cell during testicular development. The highest aromatase activity was found in adult rat Leydig cells, and the enzyme activity was significantly higher (2-fold) in purified Leydig cells than in crude interstitial cell preparations. Estradiol production in response to hCG stimulation in vitro was not different from the basal value in 5-day-old rat Leydig cells, but increased significantly in 60-day-old rat Leydig cells. In conclusion, 1) Leydig cells are the major site of estrogen synthesis in adult rat testis; and 2) the low aromatase activity observed in immature rat Leydig cells could partially explain the differential response of the mature and immature rat testis to hCG-induced desensitization.
An experimental evaluation of Akamai adaptive video streaming over HSDPA networks (2011)

Adaptive video streaming is a relevant advancement with respect to classic progressive download streaming such as the one employed by YouTube. Building upon its content delivery network (CDN), Akamai recently started to offer High Definition (HD) adaptive video streaming using HTTP. Nowadays, not only the amount of Internet video traffic is always increasing but also the number of users accessing the Internet using wireless links. In this paper we experimentally investigate the switching algorithm employed by Akamai to implement video quality adaptation over a High Speed Downlink Data Packet Access (HSDPA) link. In order to assess the Quality of Experience we measure goodput, TCP friendliness, and video reproduction continuity. Main results are: 1) Akamai flows are not able to achieve the fair share when competing with a TCP greedy flow due to the conservativeness of the stream-switching algorithm; 2) when the link is shared with a greedy TCP connection in 50% of the experiments the video reproduction was paused for more than 19% of the experiment duration.
Performance improvement techniques for the DVB‐RCS2 return link air interface (2015)

Summary This paper presents performance improvement techniques for the second‐generation digital video broadcast return channel via satellite air interface, which can be used for supporting future demands for Tbit/s traffic requirements. In particular, we have investigated minimum‐shift keying (MSK) type of continuous phase modulation (CPM) waveforms by considering both single‐carrier and multi‐carrier transmission and single‐amplitude and multi‐amplitude signals, which improve the spectral efficiency. In addition, we consider frame timing and synchronization techniques, which make synchronization more accurate and robust. Our research has shown that the MSK single‐carrier frequency‐division multiple access (SC‐FDMA) outperforms the quadrature phase‐shift keying SC‐FDMA in terms of resilience to distortion with the performance gap increasing when the amplifier shows a milder distortion. The performance of a multi‐amplitude CPM scheme, based upon the superposition of two single‐amplitude MSK signals at the radio frequencies level, is also investigated. In comparison with other equivalent linear modulation schemes, performance evaluation results have been shown that the proposed multi‐amplitude CPM scheme significantly improves the spectral efficiency in the presence of adjacent channel interference. Finally, we have proposed a viable and efficient methodology, which enables reliable and accurate timing and frequency synchronization for the SC‐FDMA satellite return link. This involves a combination of global positioning system (GPS)‐based pre‐compensation of differential timing between user terminals, preamble detection in an integrated random access channel, and user channel frequency estimation based on repetitive symbols in the time domain. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
USING Image Features to Identify Camera Sources (2006)

Digital forensics has lately become one of the very important applications to identify the characteristics and the originality of the digital devices. This study has focused on analyzing the relationship between digital cameras and the associated images. Digital image processing technology has been applied with data mining method to get images' features. Those features were trained and classified to identify the camera sources from the images. In addition, the identification features were further categorized for improvements, based on the analyses, to enhance the precision rate of the identification. This research also compared not only cameras of different brand, but also those of the same manufacturer with similar models. This research has found that the feature based approach has better performance to distinguish the camera sources among brands. Further findings are discussed and suggested for the potential limit of the identification methods in real applications.
A ROUTE ADVICE AGENT THAT MODELS DRIVER PREFERENCES (1999)

Generating satisfactory routes for driving is a challenging task because the desirability of a particular route depends on many factors and varies from driver to driver. Current route advice systems present a single route to the driver based on static evaluation criteria, with little or no recourse if the driver finds this solution unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a more flexible approach, the Adaptive Route Advisor. Our route advice agent creates a model of the driver&apos;s route preferences and generates routes that satisfy these preferences. The driver interacts with the system to improve the suggested route and refine the user model. As the preference model becomes more accurate, the initial route suggestions become more satisfactory to the driver, resulting in better driving routes with less driver effort. We also present a pilot study on using route selections to construct a personalized model of driver preferences. Keywords: Machine learning for user modeling, interface ada...
Performance and Dependability Evaluation of Distributed Event-based Systems (2017)

Distributed stream processing and event-based systems are an increasingly critical component in contemporary large-scale data processing applications, and are often subject to strict latency and reliability requirements. However, to achieve scalability demands, they are often deployed on distributed clusters of heterogeneous nodes, causing unpredictable runtime performance and complex fault characteristics.
Indirect Acquisition of Percussion Gestures Using Timbre Recognition (2005)

There are many techniques available to capture the gestures of a performer. By utilizing digital signal processing and machine learning techniques we are able to capture, process and classify signals in real-time in order to provide data for use by musicians in a performance context. A common technique that achieves similar results is the use of sensors. The system that we describe uses data that is already available in miked environments, therefore not impeding or modifying the performer. The system is accurate and works in real-time and could be used in the future for a live performance. This system has been implemented with a snare drum and tabla for as demonstrations. The specific algorithms used, experiments and advantages and disadvantages of this technology will be discussed.
Application of a service-independent architecture (2005)

The period since ISS'87 has seen a great deal of industry wide activity on the requirements, design and standardization of the Intelligent Network. Although there are many outstanding issues to be resolved before a consensus is achieved on Intelligent Network Architecture and its evolution, there has been a convergence of thinking on the role of the Intelligent Network, on its major elements, and on the associated design considerations, including compatibility with the existing network.
Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors at the ovine trophoblast-uterine interface. (1995)

Trophoblast invasiveness in ruminants is limited to fusion of migrating binucleate cells with uterine epithelium, but considerable tissue remodelling and angiogenesis occurs within the endometrium at implantation. Such processes are elsewhere associated with an altered balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). ProMMPs-1, -2, -3 are secreted by cultured ovine endometrial stromal, but not epithelial, cells and expression of proMMP-1 and proMMP-3 is inhibited by interferon tau, the dominant preimplantation trophoblast product, independently of its effects on prostaglandin production. Messenger RNA for TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 is expressed in endometrium throughout the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Both TIMP-1 mRNA (0.9 kb transcript) and TIMP-2 mRNA (1.0 kb transcript) expression increase at day 12 through to day 20, suggesting a role in preventing trophoblast invasion. Expression of the 3.5 kb transcript for TIMP-2 decreases from day 16 and is undetectable on day 20. Uterine flushings from both nonpregnant and pregnant ewes on day 16 after oestrus contain proMMP-2, possibly transudated from plasma, and proMMP-9, but concentrations are higher in pregnancy. These enzymes are also detected in conditioned medium following culture of trophoblasts at days 16-20. Whether the trophoblast MMPs have a role in implantation in sheep remains to be established. The production of MMPs and TIMPs in the endometrium and the changes associated with implantation events suggest that they contribute to the marked edometrial remodelling associated with early placentation.
Downlink VoIP Support for Evolved UTRA (2008)

This paper presents the design of VoIP optimized packet scheduler and performance simulations for supporting voice services over downlink evolved UTRA. An efficient packet scheduler taking into account the traffic characteristics and adopting optimal resource allocation is proposed. Results are given for different control channel number settings and packet bundling options. Simulation results show that downlink EUTRA VoIP capacity is mainly limited by control channel number with full dynamic scheduling and packet bundling can help to increase capacity within the control channel limitation. In summary, with packet bundling technique, around 378 and 488 users per sector can be supported in 5 MHz bandwidth with 6 and 8 control channels respectively.
Parallel computing on SCSI network (2002)

Different architectures of multicomputers have emerged rapidly in the last two decades. In this paper, we present the implementation of a network parallel system using the homogeneous Unix machines on SCSI networks. The system is different from the traditional systems in that we applied general purpose peripheral buses to connect the workstations. In this paper, we discuss the low level operations of the interconnecting network and the isomorphic property of SCSI.
Taskmaster: an interactive, graphical environment for task specification, execution and monitoring (1989)

Abstract Taskmaster is an interactive environment that employs a unique blend of graphic technologies and iconic images to support user task specification. In this environment, problem solving is based on the selection, specification, and composition of tools that correspond to natural sets of ordered operations. The Taskmaster environment is novel in that it (provides an interactive, visual-based approach to user task specification; (encourages and supports task specification and refinement processes from both the top-down and bottom-up perspectives; and (enables one to specify parallel tasks in a natural and convenient manner To “program” a given task within the Taskmaster environment, one decomposes it into an ordered set of conceptually simple, high-level operations, and then combines (composes) a corresponding network of software tools that implements these operations. Execution of the specified network provides a task solution. Major system components supporting user task specification include a network editor, a tools database and a network execution monitor.
A Low-Cost Optical Sensor for Noncontact Vibration Measurements (2008)

This paper presents a new noncontact method to measure vibrations by using a low-cost optical approach that is able to provide a submicrometer resolution. The transducer exploits a simple optical setup based on an intensity-detection scheme that is implemented with plastic optical fibers, whereas innovative non demanding spectral data processing allows compensation of the vibrating surface reflectivity and the gains of the measurement chain. The performance of the proposed system has been assessed, through comparison with other techniques, by performing several measurement tests that use targets vibrating at frequencies from a few hertz up to several tens of kilohertz and with different values of reflectivity.
Preparation of 4-Amino-1-butanols and Some Derivatives of Pharmacological Interest (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of 4-Amino-1-butanols and Some Derivatives of Pharmacological InterestCARL D. LUNSFORD, ROBERT S. MURPHEY, and EDWARD K. ROSECite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 10, 1225–1228Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01361a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01361a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views320Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Airborne infrared low-altitude wind shear detection test (1984)

Strong wind shears at low altitudes present severe hazards to aircraft during landing approach and takeoff. With aircraft operating near stall speed, a significant change in the wind speed and/or direction can result in a rapid loss or gain in altitude. Our objective is to describe the test of a prototype system for airborne, advance detection of such wind shear by means of infrared remote sensing. The test was conducted during the Denver Joint Airport Weather Studies (JAWS) project in the summer of 1982 aboard the NASA Ames B57B jet aircraft during several landing approaches and departures. The intent is to present analyses of the major results of this test and suggest its application to the passive, airborne detection of hazardous low-altitude wind shear (LAWS) before an aircraft encounter. This is critical for aircraft operating in an out of airfields without LAWS ground warning systems. This airborne wind shear detection and avoidance system is intended to augment the advanced, ground-based microwave, lidar, and low-altitude wind shear alert equipment as a secondary, airborne system. Even at distances as great as 12.5 miles (20 km) from thunderstorms, the wind shear in storm density currents can pose a real hazard to approaching and departing aircraft. It is concluded that the prototype airborne radiometer, observing in the 13 to 16 ^m portion of the atmospheric molecular spectrum of CO2, can sense the cold current outflow or gust front directly associated with low-altitude wind shear (LAWS) in the vicinity of thunderstorms at ranges up to 4 miles.
Impact of Manufacturing Variability on Combustor Liner Durability (2009)

This paper presents a probability-based systems-level approach for assessing the impact of manufacturing variability on combustor liner durability. Simplified models are used to link combustor life, liner temperature variability, and the effects of manufacturing variability. A probabilistic analysis is then applied to the simplified models to estimate the combustor life distribution. The typical combustor life was found to be approximately 20% less than the estimate life using deterministic methods for these combustors, and the probability that a randomly selected combustor will fail earlier than expected using deterministic methods is approximately 80%. The application of a sensitivity analysis to a surrogate model for the life identified the leading drivers of the minimum combustor life and the typical combustor life as the material property variability and the circumferential variability of turbulent mixing rates, respectively.
CH <sub>3</sub> NH <sub>3</sub> PbI <sub>3</sub> perovskites: Ferroelasticity revealed (2017)

Ferroelectricity has been proposed as a plausible mechanism to explain the high photovoltaic conversion efficiency in organic-inorganic perovskites; however, convincing experimental evidence in support of this hypothesis is still missing. Identifying and distinguishing ferroelectricity from other properties, such as piezoelectricity, ferroelasticity, etc., is typically nontrivial because these phenomena can coexist in many materials. In this work, a combination of microscopic and nanoscale techniques provides solid evidence for the existence of ferroelastic domains in both CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> polycrystalline films and single crystals in the pristine state and under applied stress. Experiments show that the configuration of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> ferroelastic domains in single crystals and polycrystalline films can be controlled with applied stress, suggesting that strain engineering may be used to tune the properties of this material. No evidence of concomitant ferroelectricity was observed. Because grain boundaries have an impact on the long-term stability of organic-inorganic perovskite devices, and because the ferroelastic domain boundaries may differ from regular grain boundaries, the discovery of ferroelasticity provides a new variable to consider in the quest for improving their stability and enabling their widespread adoption.
Digital Sample-Rate Converters (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper discusses a real-time implementation of a sampling rate conversion technique between two arbitrary chosen sampling rates. In particular, a method to generate fractionally sampled data from discrete-domain (integer) data samples is analyzed and implemented on the Motorola DSP56001 (24-bit digital signal processor). This real-time implementation can be accomplished with a DSP56001 and 5k of data memory. As an example, the conversion from 44.1 kHz (Compact Disc sampling rate) to 48 kHz (Digital Audio Tape sampling rate) is discussed. The assembly code for the main routine and the filtering method to generate interpolated samples are included.</div>
Gene therapy for kidney disease (2000)

Gene therapy has distinct potential to treat disease at the most fundamental level. However, the ability to pursue gene therapy for renal disease has been limited by the availability of an adequate system for gene delivery to the kidney and for regulation of transgene expression. Presently, there are several limitations to overcome before clinical use of viral vector systems for targeting kidney can be considered. Non-viral vectors such as haemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ)-liposome mediated gene transfer and cationic liposome are promising but need to be improved. Given that the systemic delivery of the functional protein can serve as therapy for the renal diseases, skeletal muscle targeting gene therapy might be an alternative strategy for the treatment of renal disease. Gene therapy to the transplant kidney may potentially improve the graft outcome by reducing acute and chronic rejection. We review emerging strategies of gene transfer with reference to the kidney and discuss the potential application of gene therapy to renal diseases.
Loading Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Trehalose by Fluid-Phase Endocytosis (2004)

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great promise in the area of tissue engineering. Regardless of their regenerative potential, however, they will not be useful on a large scale unless an improved and more stable form of cellular storage is developed. An ideal storage condition would be dehydrated cells, as this would allow room temperature storage and would not require refrigeration or freezing equipment. As a first step toward developing a method for storing MSCs in a desiccated state, we have characterized the ability of these cells to take up solutes from the extracellular milieu, as the introduction of protective solutes into the cytosol is a critical step in the dehydration process. Lucifer yellow (LYCH), a well-known probe in the study of fluid-phase endocytosis, indicated the uptake process was inhibited below 20°C. Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy studies suggested that this inhibition is associated with the membrane physical state. In addition, fluorescence microscopy revealed endosomes stained with LYCH accumulated in the MSCs, and suggested that the dye entered the cytosol over time. Trehalose, a protective disaccharide, was accumulated by the MSCs as well. Uptake was proportional to the length of incubation and showed a nonsaturating dependence on extracellular concentration, characteristic of fluid-phase endocytosis. Endocytosis inhibitors were used to investigate further the mechanism of uptake. Colchicine and nocodazole, both of which depolymerize microtubules, blocked trehalose uptake. Dimethyl sulfoxide, which affects microtubules differently, by forming shorter and more abundant microtubules, also inhibited trehalose uptake. However, cytochalasin B, which depolymerizes actin filaments, and thus blocks both macropinocytosis and caveolae-dependent pinocytosis, did not cause a decrease in trehalose uptake. Amiloride, which blocks sodium channels and inhibits clathrin-independent pinocytosis, also did not inhibit trehalose uptake. Taken together, these results suggest that human MSCs are capable of loading trehalose from the extracellular space by a clathrin-dependent fluid-phase endocytotic mechanism that is microtubule-dependent but actinindependent.