gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vascular effects and safety of supplementation with shark liver oil in middle-aged and elderly males (2015)

Shark liver oil (SLO) has long been used as a traditional health food, with a particular benefit for vascular health, in Japan. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary supplementation with SLO on arterial stiffness and peripheral microvascular function in otherwise healthy middle-aged and older males with slightly increased arterial stiffness. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study design was used to assign 41 healthy males with a mean age of 59.0±4.0 years (range, 45-69 years) to either SLO (n=21) or placebo (n=20) treatment for eight weeks. The effects on arterial stiffness and peripheral microvascular function were assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and by measurement of hand blood flow to cutaneous tissues using a laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) technique, respectively. Although the magnitude of the changes in the CAVI value during the eight-week intervention for the SLO group did not significantly differ from that for the placebo group, the changes in the CAVI value for the former group were significantly associated (r=0.575, P<0.01) with age. It was also found that the LDPI values at week 8 were significantly lowered (P<0.05) compared with the baseline values in the placebo group, while no change was observed in the SLO group, resulting in a significant difference in the changes between the two groups (P=0.002). Neither SLO supplementation-related adverse side-effects nor any abnormal changes in routine laboratory tests, including lipid profiles and anthropometric and haemodynamic parameters, were observed throughout the intervention. SLO may have the potential to safely improve vascular health in middle-aged and elderly males.
Reactions of Gallium with Quartz and with Water Vapor, with Implications in the Synthesis of Gallium Arsenide (1962)

The reaction of gallium with quartz to produce gallium suboxide, , and silicon is shown by equilibrium calculations to be a mechanism by which gallium arsenide can become contaminated with silicon, and possibly oxygen, when synthesized in quartz systems. The contamination of gallium arsenide with silicon by this reaction is governed by the rate at which the gallium suboxide vapor is removed. The silicon content commonly observed in (up to a few ppm) can be accounted for by this mechanism. Suggestions for minimizing the attack are given. The apparent transport of in a system containing traces of water vapor can be explained by reaction of water with gallium in the hot zone to form and hydrogen, which react with arsenic in the cold zone to produce and regenerate the water.
NEWLY DESIGNED SELF-RETAINING PRISM CONTACT LENS FOR VITREOUS SURGERY (2003)

From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida. Reprint requests: K.V. Chalam, MD, Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, 580 West 8th street, Jacksonville, FL 32209; e-mail: [email protected] Proprietary interest: none. RETINA,™ The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases, encourages authors to submit Brief Reports describing unusual findings, new techniques, and new instruments. Material submitted for consideration in this section of the journal is done so with the assumption that the data provided do not duplicate previously published material and that the material has not been submitted for consideration elsewhere. Each author must sign a disclosure to this effect (see Instructions to Authors for complete wording of transfer letter). Brief Reports submitted for this section of the journal may be subjected to the standard review process that is applied to other material submitted to RETINA. Brief Reports should follow the requirements listed in the Instructions to Authors, with the following caveats: Brief Reports should not exceed 4 pages in length; no more than 5 references should be cited; and each Brief Report should include no more than 4 figures.
Modification of NZB/NZW F1 Autoimmune Disease by Development of Tolerance to DNA (1974)

Abstract NZB/NZW F1 mice that received from birth prolonged high dose administration of SDNA-poly-d-lysine, or intermittent SDNA-poly-d-lysine followed by cyclophosphamide lived significantly longer than their controls. In association with the increased survival the following alterations in laboratory parameters were observed: decreased levels of anti-DNA antibodies, decreased numbers of spleen plaque-forming cells against DNA-coated RBC, less histologic and immunofluorescent evidence of glomerulonephritis, and less IgG in kidney eluates. The results suggest that tolerance to SDNA will increase survival and decrease tissue lesions.
Partial characterization of gamma (immune) interferon mRNA extracted from human lymphocytes. (1981)

gamma (immune) interferon (IFN-gamma) was induced in cultures of fresh human lymphocytes by combined treatment with a phorbol ester (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, TPA) and the T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Compared to the IFN-gamma yields obtained with PHA induction alone, the inclusion of TPA caused a significant enhancement of IFN-gamma production. Poly(A)-containing mRNA was isolated from mononuclear cells induced with TPA and PHA. Injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes, this mRNA preparation gave rise to IFN activity with characteristic properties of human IFN-gamma. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation analysis showed that IFN-gamma mRNA sedimented at 15 S, suggesting that it contains a total of about 1400 nucleotides.
Phosphine‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation: Synthesis of Ethyl 6‐Phenyl‐1‐Tosyl‐1,2,5,6‐Tetrahydropyridine‐3‐Carboxylate (2009)

Abstract Ethyl 2‐(triphenylphosphoranylidne)propionate Ethyl 2‐methylbuta‐2,3‐dienoate ( E)‐N‐ Benzylidene‐4‐methylbenzenesulfonamide p‐ Tolunesulfonamide Benzaldehyde BF3.Et2O Ethyl 6‐phenyl‐1‐tosyl‐1,2,5,6‐tetrahydropyridene‐3‐carboxylate Tri‐ n‐ butylphosphine
Dynamic user-centric mobile context model (2010)

Context-aware systems can dynamically adapt to specific dynamic user situations to provide smarter mobile services. In general, context refers to the information that can be used to characterize these situations, and context models are employed to specify contextual information described in context-aware systems. However, even though user context is highly dynamic, existing context models either focus on modeling static views of context or lack appropriate design abstractions to deal with dynamic aspects and interactions involving contextual elements such location, time, user roles, social relationships, changing preferences and virtual environments. In this paper, we present a dynamic user-centric mobile context model that can be used to model the aspects of context-aware systems that are subject to frequent changes. We illustrate the applicability of our approach by describing a case study on mobile e-healthcare. Benefits of these models include avoiding the development of context-aware systems from scratch, enabling future use of model-driven approaches, and reducing implementation effort.
Abstract 720: Identification of novel molecular markers for detecting lymph node metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (2012)

Abstract Cervical lymph node metastasis is a potent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Management of occult metastasis is an important issue for the surgeons. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is highlighted for its role in deciding making of neck dissection. We have performed the SLNB for cN0 cases routinely and reported the clinical usefulness. Accurate diagnosis of the metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes is important but depends on a heavy workload of the pathologist. We carried out a clinical study to evaluate a novel automated assay system for cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA, the one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) method, to detect the lymph node metastasis of OSCC. The accuracy of OSNA assay was nearly 95%, but it could not detect occult metastasis in case of no or low expression of CK19 mRNA in the primary tumor. In this study, we attempted to identify novel molecular markers to find the harboring cancer cells in the lymph node. First, we determined the gene expression profiles in 7 metastatic lymph nodes from patients with OSCC, 1 benign lymph node, and 5 salivary gland tissues from non-cancerous patients by microarray analysis. We found the overexpression of 36 genes in all metastatic lymph nodes but not in benign lymph node and salivary glands. Subsequently, we examined the expression of these genes in newly 15 metastatic lymph nodes and 9 benign lymph nodes by real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. Among the 36 genes, the expression of annexin A8-like 2 (ANXA8L2) and desmoglein 3 (DSG3) was commonly detected in metastatic lymph nodes at much higher level but not in benign lymph nodes at all. Furthermore, we retrospectively evaluated the usefulness of these markers with the use of 330 lymph nodes that were histopathologically metastasis-positive in 62 and metastasis-negative in 268. The accuracy of each marker CK19, ANXA8L2 and DSG3 is all near 90%. However, the combination of these markers improved the sensitivity up to 96-100%. Expression of ANXA8L2 and DSG3 was also detected in approximately 3% of the histopathologically metastasis-negative lymph nodes. These results suggested that ANXA8L2 and DSG3 could be useful molecular markers and improve detection rate of occult metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 720. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-720
Oxidation of Boron Carbide by Air, Water, and Air-Water Mixtures at Elevated Temperatures (1963)

A study of the oxidation of boron carbide powder has shown measurable reaction at temperatures as low as 250 °C with water vapor and 450 °C in dry air. Removal of the oxidation product by water vapor occurs at a rate in excess of the oxidation rate below 550°–600°C. The presence of on the surface was found to inhibit the oxidation by but not by air. Linear dependence of rate on the partial pressure of water was observed. The activation energy for the water‐ reaction was 11 kcal/mole‐°C, while that for the air‐ reaction was 45 kcal/mole. Oxidation by dry air occurs at a lower rate than with water vapor until approximately 700°C (for 235 mm water partial pressure).
Effect of Compound Sequence on Bitterness Enhancement (2001)

The nature and occurrence of carry-over effects, i.e. the response to a stimulus is influenced by previous samples, were examined for selected bitter compounds. A time-intensity procedure was used to rate the bitterness of six compounds (caffeine, denatonium benzoate, limonin, naringin, quinine and sucrose octa-acetate). For each subject concentrations of these compounds were determined that were approximately equal in intensity to 1.18 x 10(-5) M limonin. To test carry-over effects of each compound the 36 paired sequences (pairs) were evaluated. Within a session three pairs were tested, between which two-stage rinses were used to remove any effects of the previous pairs. Within a pair only water rinses were used between stimuli. For all compounds carry-over or sensitization effects were observed in which values for maximum intensity, rate of onset and total area under the time-intensity curve were higher for a compound when tested in the second position than in the first. In addition, the degree of sensitization and susceptibility to sensitization were compound-specific. Caffeine increased the bitterness by the largest amount for all other compounds, while it was least affected. Regardless of the compound in the first position, the bitterness of quinine and denatonium were most enhanced.
Optimal clocking of circular pipelines (2002)

A timing model for circular pipelines is presented and used to obtain the minimum cycle time in terms of circuit delays and clock skews. The model accounts for short- and long-path delays, the effects of clock skew, and the use of both latches and flip-flops as synchronizing elements. The formulation and implementation of algorithms to find the minimum cycle time for both single-phase and a restricted class of multi-phase clocks are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prime Site Binding Inhibitors of a Serine Protease:  NS3/4A of Hepatitis C Virus (2002)

Serine proteases are the most studied class of proteolytic enzymes and a primary target for drug discovery. Despite the large number of inhibitors developed so far, very few make contact with the prime site of the enzyme, which constitutes an almost untapped opportunity for drug design. In the course of our studies on the serine protease NS3/4A of hepatitis C virus (HCV), we found that this enzyme is an excellent example of both the opportunities and the challenges of such design. We had previously reported on two classes of peptide inhibitors of the enzyme: (a) product inhibitors, which include the P(6)-P(1) region of the substrate and derive much of their binding energy from binding of their C-terminal carboxylate in the active site, and (b) decapeptide inhibitors, which span the S(6)-S(4)' subsites of the enzyme, whose P(2)'-P(4)' tripeptide fragment crucially contributes to potency. Here we report on further work, which combined the key binding elements of the two series and led to the development of inhibitors binding exclusively to the prime site of NS3/4A. We prepared a small combinatorial library of tripeptides, capped with a variety of constrained and unconstrained diacids. The SAR was derived from multiple analogues of the initial micromolar lead. Binding of the inhibitor(s) to the enzyme was further characterized by circular dichroism, site-directed mutagenesis, a probe displacement assay, and NMR to unequivocally prove that, according to our design, the bound inhibitor(s) occupies (occupy) the S' subsite and the active site of the protease. In addition, on the basis of the information collected, the tripeptide series was evolved toward reduced peptide character, reduced molecular weight, and higher potency. Beyond their interest as HCV antivirals, these compounds represent the first example of prime site inhibitors of a serine protease. We further suggest that the design of an inhibitor with an analogous binding mode may be possible for other serine proteases.
Research on Dynamical Behavior and Predictability for Monthly Mean Variations of the 10.7-CENTIMETER Radio Flux (1993)

The dynamical behavior and the predictability for the monthly mean variations of the observed 10.7cm radio flux is approached by the theory of nonlinear dynamical systems in this paper. The fractional dimension (D = 3.1) and the maximum Lyapunov exponent (λ1= 0.045 bit/month) for the variation process are determined. The results indicate that the variation process is a complex chaotic system with finite freedom and can be described by finite number of parameters with the number of independent variables no less than 4 and no more than 6. The chaotic behavior of solar activity is shown from the monthly mean variation of radio flux. The predictable time scale for the monthly mean variations of the 10.7 cm radio flux is also discussed. The average and the maximum predictable time scale is 8-month and 22-month, respectively.
Modeling time-varying aggregate interference from cognitive radios and implications on primary exclusive zone design (2013)

Accurately characterizing the time-varying nature of the aggregate interference from secondary users (SUs) is essential in ensuring a successful deployment of a cognitive radio (CR) network. This requires characterizing the probability distribution and the time-varying nature of the aggregate interference from multiple SUs. We show that it is well modeled as a shifted lognormal random process, and is more accurate than the lognormal, Gaussian, and symmetric truncated stable models considered in the literature even for a relatively dense deployment of SUs. Our model accounts for the effect of imperfect spectrum sensing, which depends on path loss, shadowing, and fading of the link from primary transmitter to the SU, and the randomness in the number of SUs and their locations. It also allows for both interweave and underlay modes of CR operation. We also demonstrate the relevance of the proposed analytically tractable model in the design of the primary exclusive zone.
Beam cleanup with stimulated Raman scattering in the intensity-averaging regime (1986)

We describe experimental and theoretical investigations of beam cleanup with highly aberrated pump beams in the intensity-averaging regime. Distortion-free amplification of a diffraction-limited Stokes beam is demonstrated in a crossed-beam geometry with a pump beam aberrated to 120 times its diffraction limit, resulting in a brightness increase of 5000 times. Moderately aberrated pump beams produce off-axis Stokes components, while collinear interactions introduce distortion on the Stokes beam. Phase conjugation is combined with stimulated Raman scattering to remove both the aberrations of the pump beam and the aberrations on the Stokes beam itself.
"Amplifying" the Fine Details of Molecular Structure Is a Gas (1996)

Certain atoms on proteins and other molecules resonate at unique frequencies in a magnetic field, giving off signals that can indicate what these molecules are made of. But these signatures are weak, so researchers “listening” for them with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy struggle to make out the fine details. In this issue ( p. 1848 ), scientists report a way to get hydrogen atoms to sound off at a higher level, using xenon gas as a “preamplifier.” The xenon atoms are pretreated to give off a powerful magnetic signal, and they in turn raise the volume of the hydrogens when the two types of atoms come in contact. The result may be a boon not only for those interested in molecular structure, but for medical imaging as well, which uses similar methods.
Operative Nephroscopy Using Bronchofiberscope (1974)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Jan 1974Operative Nephroscopy Using Bronchofiberscope A.E. Stuart A.E. StuartA.E. Stuart More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)59874-2AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Operative Nephroscopy Using Bronchofiberscope." The Journal of Urology, 111(1), p. 9 © 1974 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByBurchardt P (2018) The Flexible PanendoscopeJournal of Urology, VOL. 127, NO. 3, (479-481), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1982.Goodwin W (2018) Editorial CommentJournal of Urology, VOL. 127, NO. 3, (481-481), Online publication date: 1-Mar-1982.Bissada N, Meacham K and Redman J (2018) Nephrostoscopy With Removal of Renal Pelvic CalculiJournal of Urology, VOL. 112, NO. 4, (414-416), Online publication date: 1-Oct-1974. Volume 111Issue 1January 1974Page: 9 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1974 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information A.E. Stuart More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Achievement Motivation among Malaysian Entrepreneurs (1993)

The present study examines the status of achievement motivation among Malaysian entrepreneurs. A total of 133 Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs from Selangor and Kuala Lumpur were surveyed. Achievement motivation was measured by Mehrabian Achievement Scale (1963), which indicates that the Malaysian entrepreneurs have moderately low achievement motivation. High scores were recorded on future orientation and their responsibility in undertaking a particular task individually. The findings also indicate that Malaysian entrepreneurs are not willing to undertake difficult and challenging task, and are dependent in nature. There was no significant difference in achievement motivation between the Malay and Chinese entrepreneurs. Both groups are strong in their future orientation and their responsibility in performing a particular task The Malay entrepreneurs prefer to compete in a team rather than individually. The Chinese entrepreneurs on the other hand prefer to perform tasks which they find easy rather than doing a difficult and challenging one. The implication of the study is that the achievement motivation aspect of entrepreneurs should be included in entrepreneurial training programmes in schools and higher institutions. This personality trait should be given emphasis just like the other managerial skills.
Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1): A DHA-Derived Mediator that Protects Brain and Retina Against Cell Injury-Induced Oxidative Stress (2006)

The biosynthesis of oxygenated arachidonic acid messengers triggered by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is preceded by an early and rapid phospholipase A2 activation reflected in free arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) accumulation. These fatty acids are released from membrane phospholipids. Both fatty acids are derived from dietary essential fatty acids; however, only DHA, the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acyl chain, is concentrated in phospholipids of various cells of brain and retina. Synaptic membranes and photoreceptors share the highest content of DHA of all cell membranes. DHA is involved in memory formation, excitable membrane function, photoreceptor cell biogenesis and function, and neuronal signaling, and has been implicated in neuroprotection. In addition, this fatty acid is required for retinal pigment epithelium cell (RPE) functional integrity. Here we provide an overview of the recent elucidation of a specific mediator generated from DHA that contributes at least in part to its biological significance. In oxidative stress-challenged human RPE cells and rat brain undergoing ischemia-reperfusion, 10,17S-docosatriene (neuroprotectin D1, NPD1) synthesis evolves. In addition, calcium ionophore A23187, IL-1beta, or the supply of DHA enhances NPD1 synthesis. A time-dependent release of endogenous free DHA followed by NPD1 formation occurs, suggesting that a phospholipase A2 releases the mediator's precursor. When NPD1 is infused during ischemia-reperfusion or added to RPE cells during oxidative stress, apoptotic DNA damage is down-regulated. NPD1 also up-regulates the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins Bcl-2 and BclxL and decreases pro-apoptotic Bax and Bad expression. Moreover, NPD1 inhibits oxidative stress-induced caspase-3 activation. NPD1 also inhibits IL-1beta-stimulated expression of COX-2. Overall, NPD1 protects cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Because photoreceptors are progressively impaired after RPE cell damage in retinal degenerative diseases, understanding of how these signals contribute to retinal cell survival may lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Moreover, NPD1 bioactivity demonstrates that DHA is not only a target of lipid peroxidation, but rather is the precursor to a neuroprotective signaling response to ischemia-reperfusion, thus opening newer avenues of therapeutic exploration in stroke, neurotrauma, spinal cord injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease, aiming to up-regulate this novel cell-survival signaling.