gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epitaxial n/sup +/ layer GaAs mesa-finger interdigital surface photodetectors (1989)

Several varieties of interdigital surface photodetectors have been fabricated on semi-insulating GaAs using mesa-etched n/sup +/ epitaxial layers as the carrier collection electrodes. This structure provides a significant responsivity improvement over conventional metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiodes by eliminating the surface reflection of the metal fingers and by providing increased photoconductive gain. High-speed testing using 100-ps doubled Nd:YAG pulses gave FWHM (full width at half maximum) responses of less than 500 ps for a 4- mu m finger width and spacing and showed minimal degradation from standard MSM detectors of the same surface geometry. By introducing no additional process steps, the mesa-finger detectors are also monolithically compatible with mesa-etched GaAs MESFET technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Four Di-O-caffeoyl Quinic Acid Derivatives from Propolis. Potent Hepatoprotective Activity in Experimental Liver Injury Models. (1996)

The water extract of propolis (PWE) showed a strong hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-toxicity in rats and D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury in mice. The PWE also showed a significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced liver cell injury in cultured rat hepatocytes. The in vitro hepatoprotective activity guided fractionation and chemical analysis led to the isolation of four dicaffeoyl quinic acid derivatives from the PWE. The structure of these isolates was determined to be methyl 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (1), 3,4-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (2), methyl 4,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinate (3), and 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid (4) by spectroscopic methods. These compounds were more potent hepatoprotective agents than glycyrrhizin at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml and 1 was the most potent among the four compounds in the cultured hepatocytes. Quinic acid (5) alone did not show hepatoprotective effects in cultured rat hepatocytes against CCl4-toxicity. On the other hand, chlorogenic acid (6) or caffeic acid alone was found to be less potent than the dicaffeoyl quinic acid derivatives.
A CHRISTIAN AT KABUL (1919)

It was in the autumn, sometime about the middle of last century, that Lucas Joseph was born in Kabul.T h e orchards were brilliant in red and gold; all the fruit had long since been gathered and dried.T h e first snow was coming down soft and white on the lower hills; the days were drawing in, and Kabul was preparing to face the long dreary winter.They called the boy Lucas after Luke, the beloved physician, and they dedicated him to the service of the blessed Lord and Master of whom the Evangelist wrote in his Gospel.When Lucas was nine years old, his father, who was in the service of the Amir Dost Mohammed, was warned to prepare to accompany his master on a journey.It was a picturesque sight to see the long strings of heavily loaded camels slowly and patiently wending their dignified way along the rough track; after them, straggling along, came flocks and herds, ponies and mules, men, women and children, and now and again a wild wolf-like dog guarding his master's interests.Here was a purdah woman hidden from all prying eyes in her long white burkah, mounted on a small donkey, her baby in her arms; there a panier full of bright-eyed laughing children, packed in with cocks and hens or any lambs or kids too young to journey on foot.T h e royal retainers were brightly caparisoned with rich saddle cloths, and old fashioned peaked saddles.Strings of beads or silver necklaces and nose pins adorned most of the horses and camels.and the tinkle of many bells helped to give heart to the weary travellers.No man was unarmed, each carried either the heavy old matchlock, a large sword, a double bladed dagger, or a knife of some sort.The road was rough and in many places very bare and dreary until after the two passes, the Shatar-gardan and the Paiwar were crosscd, and then folloiving the beautiful Kuria111 valley they finally dcsceiided into the plain of India and made their way to Pcshawar.L
Automatic and simultaneous correlation of multiple well logs (2015)

Well log correlation is an important step in geophysical interpretation, but as the number of wells increases, so does the complexity of the correlation process.I propose a new method for automatic and simultaneous well log correlation that provides an optimal alignment of all logs, and in addition, is relatively insensitive to large measurement errors common in well logs.First, for any number of well logs, we use a new variant of the dynamic warping method, requiring no prior geologic information, to find for each pair of logs a set of corresponding depths.Depths in one log may have one or more corresponding depths in another log, and many such pairs of corresponding depths can be found for any pair of well logs.Requiring consistency among all such pairwise correlations gives rise to an overdetermined system of equations, with unknown relative geologic time (RGT) shifts to be computed for each log sample.A least-squares solution of these equations, found using the conjugate gradient method, yields for every well log a sequence of RGT shifts that optimally align all well logs.This solution is not unique because aligned logs remain aligned if they are shifted, stretched, or squeezed vertically.Therefore, we constrain these shifts, for each RGT, to have zero mean over all logs.
Apical and basolateral CO<sub>2</sub>- HCO 3 − permeability in cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells (1999)

Corneal endothelial function is dependent on HCO3- transport. However, the relative HCO3- permeabilities of the apical and basolateral membranes are unknown. Using changes in intracellular pH secondary to removing CO2-HCO3- (at constant pH) or removing HCO3- alone (at constant CO2) from apical or basolateral compartments, we determined the relative apical and basolateral HCO3- permeabilities and their dependencies on Na+ and Cl-. Removal of CO2-HCO3- from the apical side caused a steady-state alkalinization (+0.08 pH units), and removal from the basolateral side caused an acidification (-0.05 pH units). Removal of HCO3- at constant CO(2) indicated that the basolateral HCO3- fluxes were about three to four times the apical fluxes. Reducing perfusate Na+ concentration to 10 mM had no effect on apical flux but slowed basolateral HCO3- flux by one-half. In the absence of Cl-, there was an apparent increase in apical HCO3- flux under constant-pH conditions; however, no net change could be measured under constant-CO2 conditions. Basolateral flux was slowed approximately 30% in the absence of Cl-, but the net flux was unchanged. The steady-state alkalinization after removal of CO2-HCO3- apically suggests that CO2 diffusion may contribute to apical HCO3- flux through the action of a membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase. Indeed, apical CO2 fluxes were inhibited by the extracellular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor benzolamide and partially restored by exogenous carbonic anhydrase. The presence of membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (CAIV) was confirmed by immunoblotting. We conclude that the Na+-dependent basolateral HCO3- permeability is consistent with Na+-nHCO3- cotransport. Changes in HCO3- flux in the absence of Cl- are most likely due to Na+-nHCO3- cotransport-induced membrane potential changes that cannot be dissipated. Apical HCO3- permeability is relatively low, but may be augmented by CO2 diffusion in conjunction with a CAIV.
“Put-that-there” (1980)

Recent technological advances in connected-speech recognition and position sensing in space have encouraged the notion that voice and gesture inputs at the graphics interface can converge to provide a concerted, natural user modality. The work described herein involves the user commanding simple shapes about a large-screen graphics display surface. Because voice can be augmented with simultaneous pointing, the free usage of pronouns becomes possible, with a corresponding gain in naturalness and economy of expression. Conversely, gesture aided by voice gains precision in its power to reference.
Diversification Returns and Asset Contributions (1992)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeThis article is referred to by:Letter to the Editor
Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 2015 Treatment Recommendations for Psoriatic Arthritis (2016)

We present overarching principles and updated treatment recommendations for the key manifestations of PsA, including related comorbidities, based on a literature review and consensus of GRAPPA members (rheumatologists, dermatologists, other health care providers, and patient research partners). Further updates are anticipated as the therapeutic landscape in PsA evolves.
TSNAdb: A Database for Tumor-Specific Neoantigens from Immunogenomics Data Analysis (2018)

Tumor-specific neoantigens have attracted much attention since they can be used as biomarkers to predict therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapy and as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we developed a comprehensive tumor-specific neoantigen database (TSNAdb v1.0), based on pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses of somatic mutation data and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele information for 16 tumor types with 7748 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA). We predicted binding affinities between mutant/wild-type peptides and HLA class I molecules by NetMHCpan v2.8/v4.0, and presented detailed information of 3,707,562/1,146,961 potential neoantigens generated by somatic mutations of all tumor samples. Moreover, we employed recurrent mutations in combination with highly frequent HLA alleles to predict potential shared neoantigens across tumor patients, which would facilitate the discovery of putative targets for neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy. TSNAdb is freely available at http://biopharm.zju.edu.cn/tsnadb.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism of rRNA genes for molecular typing of members of the family Legionellaceae (1995)

Typing of Legionella pneumophila remains important in the investigation of outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease and in the control of organisms contaminating hospital water. We found that the discriminatory power of a nonradioactive ribotyping method could be improved by combining results obtained with four restriction enzymes (HindIII, NciI, ClaI, and PstI). Fifty-eight clinical and environmental L. pneumophila strains including geographically unrelated as well as epidemiologically connected isolates were investigated. Epidemiologically related strains had the same ribotypes independent of the combinations of enzymes used. Some strains belonging to the same serogroup were assigned to different ribotypes, and some ribotypes contained members of different serogroups, indicating, as others have found, that serogroup and genotype are not always related. The discriminatory power of the method was estimated by calculating an index of discrimination (ID) for individual enzymes and combinations thereof. The combined result with all four enzymes was highly discriminatory (ID = 0.97), but results for three enzymes also yielded ID values acceptable for epidemiological purposes. In addition, the testing of 27 type strains and 6 clinical isolates representing Legionella species other than L. pneumophila indicated that ribotyping might be of value for species identification within this genus, as previously suggested.
An evaluation of sequence tagged microsatellite site markers for genetic analysis within<i>Citrus</i>and related species (1995)

Microsatellites, also called sequence tagged microsatellite sites (STMSs), have become important markers for genome analysis but are currently little studied in plants. To assess the value of STMSs for analysis within the Citrus plant species, two example STMSs were isolated from an intergeneric cross between rangpur lime (Citrus x limonia Osbeck) and trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.). Unique flanking primers were constructed for polymerase chain reaction amplification both within the test cross and across a broad range of citrus and related species. Both loci showed length variation between test cross parents with alleles segregating in a Mendelian fashion to progeny. Amplification across species showed the STMS flanking primers to be conserved in every genome tested. The traits of polymorphism, inheritance, and conservation across species mean that STMS markers are ideal for genome mapping within Citrus, which contains high levels of genetic variability.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylation of Cyclic and High Polymeric Phosphazenes via Reactions Between Aluminum Alkyls and Aminophosphazenes. (1988)

Abstract The chlorophosphazene (I) reacts with the aluminum alkyls (II) to replace chlorine atoms geminal to the amino groups by alkyl units.
In vitro splicing of influenza viral NS1 mRNA and NS1-beta-globin chimeras: possible mechanisms for the control of viral mRNA splicing. (1986)

In influenza virus-infected cells, the splicing of the viral NS1 mRNA catalyzed by host nuclear enzymes is controlled so that the steady-state amount of the spliced NS2 mRNA is only 5-10% of that of the unspliced NS1 mRNA. Here we examine the splicing of NS1 mRNA in vitro, using nuclear extracts from HeLa cells. We show that in addition to its consensus 5' and 3' splice sites, NS1 mRNA has an intron branch-point adenosine residue that was functional in lariat formation. Nonetheless, this RNA was not detectably spliced in vitro under conditions in which a human beta-globin precursor was efficiently spliced. Using chimeric RNA precursors containing both NS1 and beta-globin sequences, we show that the NS1 5' splice site was effectively utilized by the beta-globin branch-point sequence and 3' splice site to form a spliced RNA, whereas the NS1 3' splice site did not function in detectable splicing in vitro, even in the presence of the beta-globin branch-point sequence or in the presence of both the branch-point sequence and 5' exon and splice site from beta-globin. With the chimeric precursors that were not detectably spliced, as with NS1 mRNA itself, a low level of a lariat structure containing only intron and not 3' exon sequences was formed. The inability of the consensus 3' splice site of NS1 mRNA to function effectively in in vitro splicing suggests that this site is structurally inaccessible to components of the splicing machinery. Based on these results, we propose two mechanisms whereby NS1 mRNA splicing in infected cells is controlled via the accessibility of its 3' splice site.
Impact of the Internet on Marketing Strategy Formulation (2011)

The Internet has become an indispensable tool for today’s businesses. Every business organization is using it in some way or another these days. Marketing managers who fail to use the Internet in in formulating their companies’ marketing strategy will be at a disadvantage. This paper discusses how the Internet is impacting the conduct of a firm’s marketing strategy. The discussion includes the impact of the Internet on product and brand strategy, pricing strategy, distribution, and promotion strategy.
UK Food Standards Agency Workshop Report: the effects of the dietary<i>n</i>-6:<i>n</i>-3 fatty acid ratio on cardiovascular health (2007)

This report summarises a workshop convened by the UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) on 11 September 2006 to review the results of three FSA-funded studies and other recent research on effects of the dietary n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio on cardiovascular health. The objective of this workshop was to reach a clear conclusion on whether or not it was worth funding any further research in this area. On the basis of this review of the experimental evidence and on theoretical grounds, it was concluded that the n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratio is not a useful concept and that it distracts attention away from increasing absolute intakes of long-chain n-3 fatty acids which have been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular health. Other markers of fatty acid intake, that more closely relate to physiological function, may be more useful.
Manometry of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Toy or Tool? (2001)

In the eyes of scientific researchers, there are various manometric techniques that are useful tools for studying the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinicians, however, regard most of these techniques as toys, either because they do not lead to clinically relevant results, or because they are too cumbersome in clinical practice. Nevertheless, a number of manometric techniques have reached the status of clinically relevant diagnostic procedure in gastroenterology. Among these, oesophageal manometry is the most important. Not only has conventional oesophageal manometry been added to the diagnostic armamentarium of many hospitals, but also prolonged ambulatory recording of oesophageal pressures (usually combined with pH monitoring). Small intestinal manometry has also gained the status of a diagnostic tool, in particular in patients in whom the existence of pseudo-obstruction syndrome is suspected and in patients in whom total colectomy is considered because of intractable constipation. Sphincter of Oddi manometry is another example of a clinically relevant manometric technique to be used in particular in patients with suspected dyskinesia of the sphincter of Oddi. The value of anorectal manometry may have been overestimated in the past. The most important indication is the exclusion of Hirschsprung disease. The contribution of anorectal manometry to the diagnosis of anismus and to the work-up of patients with faecal incontinence is limited.
Detection of the mass of fine particulate matter using light scattering and inertial filtering in a miniaturized sensor setup (2014)

We present a miniaturized sensor setup capable of determining the mass of airborne particles employing inertial filtering and size information provided by an enhanced light scattering intensity ratio technique using Fresnel lenses. The method consists of two measurement steps and is based on the particle density-dependent filtering behavior of impactors. Measurement results using polystyrene latex and silica particles in a size range of 300–1600 nm show good agreement with theoretical expectations.
Will measuring instruments turn into agents? (1997)

The implications of agent based software engineering and Internet environment in the measurement practice are investigated. "Measurement-minded" expert agents and instrument-as-agent approaches offer numerous advantages. It would require, however, a reconsideration of certain properties of the measuring equipment and the role of the system controller.
Diagnosis and Demarcation of Skin Malignancy Using Elastic Light Single-Scattering Spectroscopy: A Pilot Study (2011)

ELSSS has the potential for use as an adjunctive tool to reduce the number of negative biopsies and to detect positive surgical margins in real time.
Towards an Expressive and Scalable Twitter's Users Profiles (2013)

Microblogging websites such as Twitter produce tremendous amount of data each second. Consequently, real-time recommendation systems require very efficient algorithm to quickly proceed this massive amount of data. In this paper we propose a scalable and extensible way of building content-based user profiles. Scalability refers to the relative complexity of algorithms involved in building the users profiles with respect to state-of-the-art solutions. Extensibility consider avoiding to recompute the model for newcomers. We present a tractable algorithm to build user profiles out of their tweets. Our model is a graph of terms cooccurency, driven by the fact that user sharing similar interests will share similar terms. We then present how this model can be encoded as a binary footprint, hence boosting comparison of users. We provide an empirical study to measure how the distance between users in the hash space differs from distance between users using standard Information Retrieval techniques. This experiment is based on a Twitter dataset we crawled, and represents 25K users and 1 million tweets. Our approach is driven by real-time analysis requirements and is thus oriented on a trade-off between expressivity and efficiency. Experimental results shows that our approach outperforms vector space model by three orders of magnitude, with a precision of 58%.
Fiber-optic potassium ion sensor using alkyl-acridine orange in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membrane (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFiber-optic potassium ion sensor using alkyl-acridine orange in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membraneYuji. Kawabata, Ryuichi. Tahara, Toshito. Kamichika, Totaro. Imasaka, and Nobuhiko. IshibashiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 14, 1528–1531Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00213a036https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00213a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impact of Donor-Recipient MHC Matching on Experimental Islet Allotransplant Survival in Naïve and Presensitized Lewis Rats (2004)

In human islet transplantation (ITX), the impact of donor-recipient major histocompatibility complex (MHC) matching on transplant survival is currently unknown. Utilizing defined MHC mismatches, we have investigated the outcome of ITX in naïve and presensitized congenic Lewis rats. ITX into streptozotocin diabetic Lewis rats was performed under the kidney capsule. Presensitization by skin transplantation was performed on days 1, 28, and 56, followed by ITX on day 84. Survival was greatest in isolated MHC class I mismatches, followed by isolated MHC class II mismatches. The shortest transplant survival was observed following full MHC mismatched ITX (P<0.05 vs. isolated MHC class I or II). Following recipient presensitization, islets in general showed reduced survival compared to naïve recipients. In this congenic rat model, islet transplant survival was significantly influenced by the degree of donor-recipient MHC matching, as well as by recipient presensitization. These data suggest that MHC matching might be useful in human islet transplantation.