gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recombinant Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV)-Derived Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines: Regulation of a Marker Gene within the Context of the MDV Genome (1999)

Marek's disease is a herpesvirus (Marek's disease virus [MDV])-induced pathology of chickens characterized by paralysis and the rapid appearance of T-cell lymphomas. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LBCLs) derived from MDV-induced tumors have served as models of MDV latency and transformation. We have recently reported the construction of mutant MDVs having a deletion (M. S. Parcells et al., J. Virol. 69:7888-7898, 1995) and an insertion (A. S. Anderson et al., J. Virol. 72:2548-2553, 1998) within the unique short region of the virus genome. These mutant MDVs retained oncogenicity, and LBCLs have been established from the mutant-induced tumors. We report the characterization of these cell lines with respect to (i) virus structure within and reactivated from the cell lines, (ii) surface antigen expression, (iii) kinetics of MDV and marker gene induction, (iv) localization and colocalization of induced MDV antigens and beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal), and (v) methylation status of the region of lacZ insertion in recombinant- and non-recombinant-derived cell lines. Our results indicate that (i) recombinant-derived cell lines contain no parental virus, (ii) the established cell lines are predominantly CD4(+) CD8(-), (iii) the percentage of Lac-expressing cells is low (1 to 3%) but increases dramatically upon 5'-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR) treatment, (iv) lacZ expression is induced with the same kinetics as several MDV lytic-phase genes (pp38, US1, gB, gI, and US10), and (v) the regulation of lacZ expression is not mediated by methylation. Furthermore, the MDV-encoded oncoprotein, Meq, could be detected in cells expressing beta-Gal and various lytic antigens but did not appear to be induced by IUdR treatment. Our results indicate that regulation of the lacZ marker gene can serve as sensitive measure of virus lytic-phase induction and the reactivation from latency.
A range extending delay-recycled clock skew-compensation and/or duty-cycle-correction circuit (2012)

A clock skew-compensation and/or duty-cycle correction circuit (CSADC) is indispensably required to maximize the performance of synchronous double edge triggered systems. Most conventional CSADCs adopted a cascade structure that inherits a lower performance property so as to slower the locking procedure, meanwhile the dual loop design results in more power consumption and design complexity. A range extending delay-recycled CSADC is proposed in this work. Compared to conventional CSADCs, the proposed circuit achieves at least a 2 times extension in bandwidth ratio, a 2.81 times reduction in power, and a 12 times reduction in power-to-bandwidth ratio.
Modeling and Visualization of Human Activities for Multicamera Networks (2009)

Multicamera networks are becoming complex involving larger sensing areas in order to capture activities and behavior that evolve over long spatial and temporal windows. This necessitates novel methods to process the information sensed by the network and visualize it for an end user. In this paper, we describe a system for modeling and on-demand visualization of activities of groups of humans. Using the prior knowledge of the 3D structure of the scene as well as camera calibration, the system localizes humans as they navigate the scene. Activities of interest are detected by matching models of these activities learnt a priori against the multiview observations. The trajectories and the activity index for each individual summarize the dynamic content of the scene. These are used to render the scene with virtual 3D human models that mimic the observed activities of real humans. In particular, the rendering framework is designed to handle large displays with a cluster of GPUs as well as reduce the cognitive dissonance by rendering realistic weather effects and illumination. We envision use of this system for immersive visualization as well as summarization of videos that capture group behavior.
Capping blowouts from Iran's eight-year war (1991)

This paper reports on capping blowouts from Iran's eight year war. Fires in three Iranian wells (two oil, one gas), started during 1987 by Iraqi sabotage, finally were extinguished during the last several months of 1990. Burning during the final months of the countries' eight-year war, plus another subsequent peaceful two years, the fires consumed millions of barrels of oil and billions of cubic feet of gas before they were capped. Ironically, bringing the wells under control took relatively little time.
Application of wire-based metamaterials for antenna miniaturization (2009)

This paper reviews recent numerical and experimental investigation of application of wire-based ENZ metamaterials in miniaturization of waveguide horn antennas, undertaken at University of Zagreb. Two representative examples of prototyped shortened horn antennas that operate in 10 GHz band are described: the horn with embedded single-wire ENZ slab and the horn with embedded double-wire ENZ slab. These two horn antennas had lengths of 52% and 33% of the length of the optimal horn, respectively. Measured gain was found to be very similar to the gain of the full length optimal horn (within 0.1 dB), but in a narrow band (5% – 12%). Finally, the results of numerical study of applicability of a simple Drude model of wire medium in the design of shortened horn antennas are presented. The results show that Drude model of wiremedium is not accurate if the wires are not connected to the metallic plates at an angle of 90 degrees. However, even in this case a Drude model is good starting point for the initial design, while the required antenna characteristics should be achieved by an additional numerical optimization.
In situ preparation and evaluation of open pore polyurethane chromatographic columns (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ preparation and evaluation of open pore polyurethane chromatographic columnsF D. Hileman, R E. Sievers, G G. Hess, and W D. RossCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 7, 1126–1130Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60329a029https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60329a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views253Altmetric-Citations61LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Finding the adequate resolution for grid mapping - Cell sizes locally adapting on-the-fly (2011)

For robot mapping occupancy grid maps are the most common representation of the environment. However, most existing algorithms for creating such maps assume a fixed resolution of the grid cells. In this paper we present a novel mapping technique that chooses the resolution of each cell adaptively by merging and splitting cells depending on the measurements. The splitting of the cells is based on a statistical measure that we derive in this paper. In contrast to other approaches the adaption of the resolution is done online during the mapping process itself. Additionally, we introduce the Nd-Tree, a generalization of quadtrees and octrees that allows to subdivide any d-dimensional volume recursively with N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sup> children per node. Using this data structure our approach can be implemented in a very generic way and allows the creation of 2D, 3D and even higher dimensional maps using the same algorithm. Finally, we show results of our proposed method for 2D and 3D mapping using different kinds of range sensors.
Opsonic and protective activity of five human IgM monoclonal antibodies reactive with lipopolysaccharide antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1990)

International Antigen Typing Schema (IATS) serotypes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 and 11 comprise approximately vn80% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from blood, wounds and respiratory specimens. Five human immunolgobulin M (IgM) monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with lipopolysaccharide O antigens of these IATS serotypes were studies in an opsonophagocytic assay. The assay employed human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 2% guinea pig serum as the complement source and MAb. Each MAb promoted killing of inoculum of the homologous LPS serotype. The opsonic activity of each MAb was complement-dependent. In a murine model of Pseudomonas burn wound sepsis the LD50 of five strains of P. aeuruginosa was increased ≥ 22-fold by MAb-treatment (1.0 mg/kg). The mean effective dose of the five MA0bs in mice challenged with approximately 10 LD50 of the homologous LPS serotype ranged from < 0.01 mg/kg to 1.00 mg/kg.
Shopbots: shopping robots for electronic commerce (1998)

Presentation de sites Internet consacres au commerce et permettant l'achat a distance : certains de ces sites disposent de systeme de navigation et de recherche d'information elabores. Exemples de sites permettant d'acheter des livres, logiciels, materiel informatique...
Sensitive detection of glucose based on gold nanoparticles assisted silver mirror reaction (2011)

We developed a simple, non-enzymatic approach for the colorimetric detection of glucose based on a gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) assisted silver mirror reaction (AuSMR). The linear range of the concentration of glucose is from 0.04 mM to 1 mM, and the lowest concentration that can be distinguished by the naked eye is 10 nM. This approach has been successfully used for detecting glucose in serum.
Risk factors for allergic rhinitis in Costa Rican children with asthma (2009)

Risk factors for AR in children with asthma depend on the definition of AR. Indoor allergens drive risk for STR-positive AR. Outdoor allergens and home environmental conditions are risk factors for physician-diagnosed AR. We propose that children with asthma in Costa Rica and other Latin American nations undergo limited skin testing or specific IgE measurements to reduce the current under-diagnosis of AR.
Planar antenna for passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tags (2005)

The paper presents an overview of recent state of the art in antenna technology for passive RFID tags used for field and asset tracking. Improved detection ranges have been realised utilising planar antenna technology with the benefits of low-cost, ease of manufacture and low-profile. These are offset by the disadvantages of narrow bandwidth and low power capacity. Improvements in passive RFID tag antenna design operating at the ultra high frequency (UHF) and microwave frequency bands are detailed and discussed. Numerical results are calculated using CST microwave studio
Glyphosate-resistant Canada fleabane (Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.) in Ontario: Distribution and Control in Soybean (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) (2013)

Canada fleabane is the second glyphosate-resistant (GR) weed species to be confirmed in Ontario. In 2010, GR populations were identified at eight sites in Essex County. In 2011 and 2012, 147 additional sites across eight counties were confirmed to be resistant. Twelve and seven sites were identified with multiple resistance (glyphosate and cloransulam) in 2011 and 2012, respectively, across five counties. In soybeans, preplant tankmixes of glyphosate (900 g a.e.ha-1) plus saflufenacil (25 g a.i. ha-1), saflufenacil/dimethenamid-p (245 g a.i. ha-1), metribuzin (1120 g a.i. ha-1), or flumetsulam (70 g a.i. ha-1) provided greater than 87% up to 8 weeks after application (WAA). Glyphosate rates 21 to 48X the label rate (900 g a.e. ha-1) were required for 95% control. Postemergence tankmixes did not provide acceptable control. In dicamba-tolerant soybean, dicamba applied preplant at 600 g a.e. ha-1 provided the most consistent control of GR Canada fleabane.
A sparsity-based framework for resolution enhancement in optical fault analysis of integrated circuits (2015)

The increasing density and smaller length scales in integrated circuits (ICs) create resolution challenges for optical failure analysis techniques. Due to flip-chip bonding and dense metal layers on the front side, optical analysis of ICs is restricted to backside imaging through the silicon substrate, which limits the spatial resolution due to the minimum wavelength of transmission and refraction at the planar interface. The state-of-the-art backside analysis approach is to use aplanatic solid immersion lenses in order to achieve the highest possible numerical aperture of the imaging system. Signal processing algorithms are essential to complement the optical microscopy efforts to increase resolution through hardware modifications in order to meet the resolution requirements of new IC technologies. \n\nThe focus of this thesis is the development of sparsity-based image reconstruction techniques to improve resolution of static IC images and dynamic optical measurements of device activity. A physics-based observation model is exploited in order to take advantage of polarization diversity in high numerical aperture systems. Multiple-polarization observation data are combined to produce a single enhanced image with higher resolution. In the static IC image case, two sparsity paradigms are considered.\nThe first approach, referred to as analysis-based sparsity, creates enhanced resolution imagery by solving a linear inverse problem while enforcing sparsity through non-quadratic regularization functionals appropriate to IC features. The second approach, termed synthesis-based sparsity, is based on sparse representations with respect to overcomplete dictionaries. The domain of IC imaging is particularly suitable for the application of overcomplete dictionaries because the images are highly structured; they contain predictable building blocks derivable from the corresponding computer-aided design layouts. This structure provides a strong and natural a-priori dictionary for image reconstruction. In the dynamic case, an extension of the synthesis-based sparsity paradigm is formulated. Spatial regions of active areas with the same behavior over time or over frequency are coupled by an overcomplete dictionary consisting of space-time or space-frequency blocks. This extended dictionary enables resolution improvement through sparse representation of dynamic measurements. Additionally, extensions to darkfield subsurface microscopy of ICs and focus determination based on image stacks are provided. The resolution improvement ability of the proposed methods has been validated on both simulated and experimental data.
Comparative Study on Various Methods and Types of Mobile Payment System (2012)

The mobile payment is the one of the most promising future applications in the domain of mCommerce. Different approaches come to the market and try to address existing needs, but up to day no global solution exists. The proposed system would enhance the P2P (SMS Based) mobile Payment system, which will try to ease the money transfer between two individual. This solution the key difference is the time needed to inform the beneficiary about the completion of the payment. The advantage of such a system is that only the mobile phone number, not the bank account number or credit card details, are transmitted. Moreover, consumers can even request a proposed system's phone number if they do not feel comfortable giving their mobile phone number to merchants. Therefore, proposed system tries to improve the customer's trust and payment security.
Optimization of external coupling and light emission in organic light-emitting devices: modeling and experiment (2002)

The emission of light and external coupling after the appropriate excitons have been formed in the organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) has been investigated. The internally emitted light can be classified into three modes: externally emitted, substrate waveguided, and indium–tin–oxide (ITO)/organic waveguided. A combined classical and quantum mechanical microcavity model is used to calculate the distribution of light emission into these three modes in an OLED on planar substrates. The ITO/organic modes maybe suppressed due to the thinness of the ITO/organic layers. Consequently, as much as over 50% of the internally generated light is emitted externally in some structures, much greater than the ∼20% figure given by classical ray optics. This model is used to examine how this distribution varies with exciton to cathode distance, the thickness of the ITO layer, and the index of refraction of the substrate. It can also be applied to OLEDs on shaped substrates where an increase in the total external emission up to a factor of 2.3 has been demonstrated. The numerical results agree well with experimentally measured far-field intensity profiles, edge emissions, and increase in external emission due to shaped substrates. Finally, based on these results, we discuss different approaches to device optimization, depending on the fluorescence efficiency of the emitter and whether a shaped substrate is used.
High-power laser-produced-plasma EUV source (2002)

The Engineering Test Stand (ETS) is an 'alpha-class' Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) lithography tool designed to demonstrate full-field EUV imaging and provide data required to accelerate production-tool development. The illumination system of the ETS is based on a laser-produced plasma (LPP) source using a recirculating Xe target medium. A Nd:YAG laser focused onto a Xe-gas or liquid target creates a plasma producing 13.4 nm radiation, at the center of the Si/Mo multilayer mirror passband. A condenser system, comprised of multilayer-coated and grazing incidence mirrors, collects the EUV radiation and directs it onto a reflecting reticle. A 1500 W LPP source has been integrated with the ETS and used for lithography. Two Xe spray sources have been evaluated, a cluster jet and a liquid spray jet. The cluster jet Xe source output rapidly degraded from heating of the hardware by the plasma causing the Xe clusters to be too small for efficient conversion. The TRW-designed liquid spray jet operates stably for hours and with tripled conversion efficiency into the condenser optics, producing EUV in the ETS.
Atomic layer etching of silicon dioxide using alternating C<sub>4</sub>F<sub>8</sub>and energetic Ar<sup>+</sup>plasma beams (2017)

Atomic layer etching (ALE) of SiO2 was studied by alternating exposure of a 5 nm-thick SiO2 film on Si substrate to (1) a plasma beam emanating from a c-C4F8 inductively coupled plasma (ICP), to grow a fluorocarbon (FC) film composed mainly of CF2, and (2) an energetic (130 eV) Ar+ ion beam extracted from a separate Ar ICP. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the chemical composition of the near-surface region, and to quantify the thickness of the FC and SiO2 films. A very thin (3–6 A), near self-limiting thickness CF2-rich FC film was found to deposit on the SiO2 surface with exposure to continuous or pulsed power C4F8 plasma beams, under conditions that generated a large relative flux of CF2. Following this, a FC film of similar composition grew at ~10 times slower rate. Exposure of the thin film to the Ar+ beam led to removal of 1.9 A SiO2. An estimated yield of 1.3 SiO2 molecules-per-Ar+ was found for a single ALE step. The rate of 1.9 A/cycle persisted over multiple ALE cycles, but a carbon-rich residual film did build up. This film can be removed by a brief exposure to an O2-containing plasma beam.
Power minimization by simultaneous dual-V/sub th/ assignment and gate-sizing (2002)

Gate-sizing is an effective technique to optimize CMOS circuits for dynamic power dissipation and performance while dual-V/sub th/ (threshold voltage) CMOS is ideal for leakage power reduction in low voltage circuits. This paper focuses on simultaneous dual-V/sub th/ assignment and gate-sizing to minimize the total power dissipation while maintaining high performance. An accurate power dissipation model that includes short-circuit, switching, and leakage power is derived and used in our optimization. Results show that more than 20% and 10% power reductions are achievable for circuits at high and low switching activities, respectively, compared to single low-V/sub th/ CMOS circuits while maintaining performance.
Learning the structure of Factored Markov Decision Processes in reinforcement learning problems (2006)

Recent decision-theoric planning algorithms are able to find optimal solutions in large problems, using Factored Markov Decision Processes (FMDPs). However, these algorithms need a perfect knowledge of the structure of the problem. In this paper, we propose SDYNA, a general framework for addressing large reinforcement learning problems by trial-and-error and with no initial knowledge of their structure. SDYNA integrates incremental planning algorithms based on FMDPs with supervised learning techniques building structured representations of the problem. We describe SPITI, an instantiation of SDYNA, that uses incremental decision tree induction to learn the structure of a problem combined with an incremental version of the Structured Value Iteration algorithm. We show that SPITI can build a factored representation of a reinforcement learning problem and may improve the policy faster than tabular reinforcement learning algorithms by exploiting the generalization property of decision tree induction algorithms.
Immune Factors in Narcolepsy (1986)

Most but not all subjects with the narcoleptic syndrome have the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR2 (and DQ1). The narcolepsy-DR2 association is the highest disease-HLA linkage known, and occurs in nonfamilial as well as familial cases of the narcoleptic syndrome. In other forms of daytime drowsiness, there is no relationship with a specific HLA, although some subjects considered to have "essential" hypersomnolence probably have the narcoleptic syndrome. The cause of the narcoleptic syndrome remains unknown, although in a few instances the condition follows infection. There is no evidence for a circulating sleep factor in the blood or in the cerebrospinal fluid of narcoleptic subjects, and no unequivocal marker of cellular immunity has yet been found. However, a few subjects with the narcoleptic syndrome have oligoclonal bands or raised immunoglobulin concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid. It is highly likely that the narcoleptic syndrome is an immune-mediated disorder, occurring in a genetically susceptible (DR2/DQ1-positive) subject.
Dependency Detection in Interval-based Event Streams (2014)

We present a new approach to mine dependencies between
streams of interval-based events that links two events if they occur in a
similar manner, one being often followed by the other one in the data.
The proposed technique is robust to temporal variability of events and
determines the most appropriate time intervals whose validity is assessed
by a Chi2 test. TEDDY algorithm prunes the search space while certifying
the discovery of all valid and significant temporal dependencies.