gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Distributed Space-Frequency Coding for Broadband Non-Regenerative Wireless Relaying Systems (2008)

Exploiting the desirable properties of cyclic group coding, we develop a full-rate differential distributed space- frequency coding (DSFC) in the frequency domain for broadband non-regenerative wireless relaying systems. The pairwise error probability analysis demonstrates that our scheme guarantees a diversity order of G <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">d</sub> les min{ML <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , ML <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> }, where M is the number of the relay nodes, and L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> and L2 are the number of taps of source-to-relay and relay-to-destination channels, respectively. A novel subcarrier allocation method without channel state information (CSI) at any node is proposed to improve the diversity product. Moreover, for an arbitrary number of relays, a competitive non-regenerative DSFC proposed by Zhang et. aL, is extended to differential transmission incorporated with the proposed subcarrier allocation method for fair comparison. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm that the proposed DSFC outperforms Zhang's scheme significantly in the differential case.
Compact Antennas and Arrays for Unmanned Air Systems (2014)

A simple and novel dual-CP printed antenna is modelled and measured. The patch antennais small and achieves a low axial ratio without quadrature feeding. The measured pattern showsaxial ratio pattern squinting over frequency. Possible methods of improving the individual element are discussed, as well as an array technique for improving the axial ratio bandwidth. Three endfire printed antenna structures are designed, analyzed, and compared. The comparison includes an analysis of costs of production for the antenna structures in addition to their performance parameters. This analysis concludes that cost of materials primarily reduces the size of antennas for a given gain and bandwidth. An antenna stucture with an annular beam pattern for down-looking navigational radar is proposed. The antenna uses sub-wavelength grating techniques from optics to achieve a highly directive planar reflector which is used as a ground plane for a monopole. A fan-beam array element is fabricated for use in a digitally steered receive array for obstacle avoidance radar. The steered beam pattern is observed. The element-dependent phase shifts for a homodyned signal in particular are explored as to their impact on beam steering.
Podiumsdiskussion am 20.04.2010 (2010)

Zunächst sollte die Frage diskutiert werden, ob tatsächlich auch im ungeregelten Bereich der gering beanspruchten Nassräume ein allgemeines bauaufsichtliches Prüfzeugnis für Verbundabdichtungen verpflichtend sein sollte.
Treatment of chronic regional pain syndrome type 1 with palmitoylethanolamide and topical ketamine cream: modulation of nonneuronal cells (2013)

Chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can be intractable to treat and patients sometimes suffer for many years. Therefore, new treatment strategies are needed to alleviate symptoms in CRPS patients. This case report describes a patient suffering from intractable CRPS type 1 for 13 years. Due to her swollen painful feet and left knee she is wheelchair-bound. The combination of palmitoylethanolamide and ketamine 10% cream reduced her pain by more than 50% after 1 month of treatment, and a marked reduction in swelling and skin discoloration was noticed. Furthermore, she could walk independently again and she experienced no side effects. Thus, palmitoylethanolamide and topical ketamine could be a combination therapy option for treating CRPS patients.
<i>TERT</i> promoter mutations in bladder cancer affect patient survival and disease recurrence through modification by a common polymorphism (2013)

The telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, an important element of telomerase expression, has emerged as a target of cancer-specific mutations. Originally described in melanoma, the mutations in TERT promoter have been shown to be common in certain other tumor types that include glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and bladder cancer. To fully define the occurrence and effect of the TERT promoter mutations, we investigated tumors from a well-characterized series of 327 patients with urothelial cell carcinoma of bladder. The somatic mutations, mainly at positions -124 and -146 bp from ATG start site that create binding motifs for E-twenty six/ternary complex factors (Ets/TCF), affected 65.4% of the tumors, with even distribution across different stages and grades. Our data showed that a common polymorphism rs2853669, within a preexisting Ets2 binding site in the TERT promoter, acts as a modifier of the effect of the mutations on survival and tumor recurrence. The patients with the mutations showed poor survival in the absence [hazard ratio (HR) 2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-4.70] but not in the presence (HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.18-1.01) of the variant allele of the polymorphism. The mutations in the absence of the variant allele were highly associated with the disease recurrence in patients with Tis, Ta, and T1 tumors (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.11-3.08). The TERT promoter mutations are the most common somatic lesions in bladder cancer with clinical implications. The association of the mutations with patient survival and disease recurrence, subject to modification by a common polymorphism, can be a unique putative marker with individualized prognostic potential.
Visualization of Hydrogels with Variable-Pressure SEM (2009)

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2009 in Richmond, Virginia, USA, July 26 – July 30, 2009
Fiber Loop Ringdown — a Time-Domain Sensing Technique for Multi-Function Fiber Optic Sensor Platforms: Current Status and Design Perspectives (2009)

Fiber loop ringdown (FLRD) utilizes an inexpensive telecommunications light source, a photodiode, and a section of single-mode fiber to form a uniform fiber optic sensor platform for sensing various quantities, such as pressure, temperature, strain, refractive index, chemical species, biological cells, and small volume of fluids. In FLRD, optical losses of a light pulse in a fiber loop induced by changes in a quantity are measured by the light decay time constants. FLRD measures time to detect a quantity; thus, FLRD is referred to as a time-domain sensing technique. FLRD sensors have near real-time response, multi-pass enhanced high-sensitivity, and relatively low cost (i.e., without using an optical spectral analyzer). During the last eight years since the introduction of the original form of fiber ringdown spectroscopy, there has been increasing interest in the FLRD technique in fiber optic sensor developments, and new application potential is being explored. This paper first discusses the challenging issues in development of multi-function, fiber optic sensors or sensor networks using current fiber optic sensor sensing schemes, and then gives a review on current fiber optic sensor development using FLRD technique. Finally, design perspectives on new generation, multi-function, fiber optic sensor platforms using FLRD technique are particularly presented.
Biotechnological production of value-added carotenoids from microalgae (2014)

We recently evaluated the relationship between abiotic environmental stresses and lutein biosynthesis in the green microalga Dunaliella salina and suggested a rational design of stress-driven adaptive evolution experiments for carotenoids production in microalgae. Here, we summarize our recent findings regarding the biotechnological production of carotenoids from microalgae and outline emerging technology in this field. Carotenoid metabolic pathways are characterized in several representative algal species as they pave the way for biotechnology development. The adaptive evolution strategy is highlighted in connection with enhanced growth rate and carotenoid metabolism. In addition, available genetic modification tools are described, with emphasis on model species. A brief discussion on the role of lights as limiting factors in carotenoid production in microalgae is also included. Overall, our analysis suggests that light-driven metabolism and the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae in photobioreactors are the main bottlenecks in enhancing biotechnological potential of carotenoid production from microalgae.
Optimization of Three-Phase Induction Motor Design Part I: Formulation of the Optimization Technique (1987)

This two-part paper deals with the optimization of the induction motor designs with respect to cost and efficiency. Most studies on the design of an induction motor using optimization techniques are concerned with the minimization of the motor cost and describe the optimization technique that was employed, giving the results of a single (or several) optimal design(s). In the present paper, a more comprehensive study on the optimization of a three-phase induction motor design was performed. This includes the relationship between motor cost, efficiency, and power factor; the effect of the properties of the electrical steel; and other effects as they occur in an optimal design. In addition, the optimization procedure that was used in this paper includes a design program, where some of the secondary parameters (which are called here variable constants), are modified according to the optimal results, in contrast to other studies where these parameters remain constant for the entire optimization. In this part, a new mathematical formulation of the optimization problem of the induction motor is presented.
Isoform-targeted regulation of cardiac adenylyl cyclase. (2003)

Numerous attempts have been made to develop strategies for regulating the intracellular cyclic AMP signal pharmacologically, with an intention to establish either new medical therapeutic methods or experimental tools. In the past decades, many pharmacological reagents have been identified that regulate this pathway at the level of the receptor. G protein, adenylyl cyclase, cyclic AMP, protein kinase A and phosphodiesterase. Since the cloning of adenylyl cyclase isoforms during the 1990s, investigators including ourselves have tried to find reagents that regulate the activity of this enzyme directly in an isoform-dependent manner. The ultimate goal of developing such reagents would be to regulate the cyclic AMP signal in an organ-dependent manner. Ourselves and other workers have reported that such reagents may vary from a simple cation to kinases. In a more recent study, using the results from crystallographic studies and computer-assisted drug design programs, we have identified subtype-selective regulators of adenylyl cyclase. Such regulators are mostly based upon forskolin, a diterpene compound obtained from Coleus forskolii, that acts directly on adenylyl cyclase to increase the intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. Similarly, novel reagents have been identified that inhibit a specific adenylyl cyclase isoform (e.g. type 5 adenylyl cyclase). Such reagents would potentially provide a new therapeutic strategy to treat hypertension, for example, as well as methods to selectively stimulate or inhibit this adenylyl cyclase isoform, which may be reminiscent of overexpression or knocking out of the cardiac adenylyl cyclase isoform by the use of a pharmacological method.
Magnesium-silicide-based multilayers for soft x-ray optics (1992)

Using a diode rf-sputtering technique, different magnesium silicide based multilayer systems have been deposited in very thin films for optical applications in the soft x-ray range. A detailed structural analysis of the different multilayers has been made using in-situ kinetic ellipsometry, ex-situ grazing x-ray reflection at the copper K-(alpha) line and transmission electron microscopy. The multilayer performances have been measured by synchrotron radiation at the magnesium K-(alpha) and L-(alpha) lines and related to the structural characteristics. For short wavelength, the W/Mg2Si system shows characteristics very similar to those of the more common W/Si system. Non-negligible interdiffusion and limited interface roughness allow the layer thicknesses to be reduced to very low values. Well-defined Bragg peaks are observed even when the double period is as low as 44 angstrom. First Bragg peak reflectivity as high as 31 has been measured at 9.89 angstrom for a multilayer with a double period equal to 84 angstrom and a limited number of periods. This preliminary result is very promising for future applications in the field of x-ray fluorescence analysis. W/Mg2Si and Si3N4/Mg2Si multilayers have also been fabricated for use at higher wavelengths around the Mg L-(alpha) line (286 angstrom). In the case of the W/Mg2Si multilayers have also been fabricated for use at higher wavelengths around the Mg L-(alpha) line (286 angstrom). In the case of the W/Mg2Si system, the tungsten layers are crystallized due to their higher thickness and consequently the interface roughness is slightly higher. In spite of this, more than 20 reflectivity at the first Bragg peak has been measured at normal incidence on different W/Mg2Si samples, with a selectivity two times better than conventional Mo/Si mirrors ((lambda) /(delta) (lambda) approximately equals 20). When we replace tungsten by a thin silicon nitride layer deposited by reactive sputtering, we increase the selectivity up to (lambda) /(delta) (lambda) approximately equals 30, and the thermal stability is drastically improved ( 800 degree(s)C).
Studies of Enuresis. I. Incidence of Obstructive Lesions and Pathophysiology of Enuresis (1971)

No AccessJournal of Urology1 Dec 1971Studies of Enuresis. I. Incidence of Obstructive Lesions and Pathophysiology of Enuresis David T. Mahony David T. MahonyDavid T. Mahony More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)61446-0AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail © 1971 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByMcGuire E and Savastano J (2018) Urodynamic Studies in Enuresis and the Nonneurogenic Neurogenic BladderJournal of Urology, VOL. 132, NO. 2, (299-302), Online publication date: 1-Aug-1984.Redman J and Seibert J (2018) The Uroradiographic Evaluation of the Enuretic ChildJournal of Urology, VOL. 122, NO. 6, (799-801), Online publication date: 1-Dec-1979.Kass E, Diokno A and Montealegre A (2018) Enuresis: Principles of Management and Result of treatmentJournal of Urology, VOL. 121, NO. 6, (794-796), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1979.Mahony D and Laferte R (2018) Editorial: Enuresis—A Plea for Objectivity and SensitivityJournal of Urology, VOL. 109, NO. 4, (531-532), Online publication date: 1-Apr-1973.Mahony D (2018) Studies of Enuresis. II. A New Valvotome for the Endoscopic Surgical Treatment of Congenital Valvular Obstructions of the UrethraJournal of Urology, VOL. 107, NO. 2, (318-319), Online publication date: 1-Feb-1972.Mahony D (2018) Studies of Enuresis. III. Vesical Hyperuropiresia as a Hazardous Side Effect of Sphincter Repair SurgeryJournal of Urology, VOL. 107, NO. 6, (1059-1063), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1972.Mahony D and Laferte R (2018) Studies of Enuresis. IV. Multiple Detrusor Myotomy: A New Operation for the Rehabilitation of Severe Detrusor Hypertrophy and HypercontractilityJournal of Urology, VOL. 107, NO. 6, (1064-1067), Online publication date: 1-Jun-1972. Volume 106Issue 6December 1971Page: 951-958 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1971 by The American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information David T. Mahony More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Loading ...
Cigarette smoke promotes dendritic cell accumulation in COPD; a Lung Tissue Research Consortium study (2010)

These data indicate that COPD is associated with increased numbers of cells bearing markers associated with Langerhans cells and mature dendritic cells, and that cigarette smoke promotes survival signals and augments survival of dendritic cells. Although CSE suppressed dendritic cell CCR7 expression, migration towards a CCR7 ligand was not diminished, suggesting that reduced CCR7-dependent migration is unlikely to be an important mechanism for dendritic cell retention in the lungs of smokers with COPD.
Rate Constants for the Gas-Phase Reactions of OH Radicals with a Series of C<sub>6</sub>−C<sub>14</sub>Alkenes at 299 ± 2 K (2009)

Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with the C(6)-C(14) 2-methyl-1-alkenes and the C(6)-C(10) trans-2-alkenes have been measured at 299 +/- 2 K and atmospheric pressure of air using a relative rate technique. The rate constants obtained (in units of 10(-11) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1)) were as follows: 2-methyl-1-pentene, 5.67 +/- 0.21; 2-methyl-1-hexene, 6.50 +/- 0.11; 2-methyl-1-heptene, 6.71 +/- 0.21; 2-methyl-1-octene, 7.02 +/- 0.16; 2-methyl-1-nonene, 7.28 +/- 0.21; 2-methyl-1-decene, 7.85 +/- 0.26; 2-methyl-1-undecene, 7.85 +/- 0.21; 2-methyl-1-dodecene, 7.96 +/- 0.26; 2-methyl-1-tridecene, 8.06 +/- 0.37; trans-2-hexene, 6.08 +/- 0.26; trans-2-heptene, 6.76 +/- 0.32; trans-2-octene, 7.23 +/- 0.21; trans-2-nonene, 7.54 +/- 0.16; and trans-2-decene, 7.80 +/- 0.26, where the indicated errors are two least-squares standard deviations and do not include the uncertainty associated with the rate constant for the reference compound alpha-pinene. Our data show that the rate constants for the reactions of OH radicals with 2-methyl-1-alkenes and trans-2-alkenes increase with increasing carbon number, suggesting that this is in part due to H-atom abstraction from the C-H bonds of the alkyl substituent groups. Combined with previous literature data for the reactions of OH radicals with a series of 1-alkenes, we propose that the increase in rate constant with increasing carbon number is due to H-atom abstraction from the C-H bonds of the alkyl substituent groups and to enhancement of the rate constant for OH radical addition to the C=C bond, which increases with carbon number of a C(n)-alkyl substituent group up to a maximum at approximately C(8).
Different internal metabolites trigger the induction of glycolytic gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1995)

In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the sugar-induced expression of various genes coding for glycolytic enzymes is triggered by increases in the concentrations of different internal metabolites. Here, we show that the induction of the glycolytic isoenzyme enolase 2 is strictly dependent on the abilities of different mutant strains to increase the level of glucose-6-phosphate after the addition of sugars. In contrast, the induction of alcohol dehydrogenase I is dependent on increasing concentrations of metabolites in the late stages of glycolysis.
Enhanced MgF<sub>2</sub> and LiF over-coated Al mirrors for FUV space astronomy (2012)

Astronomical observations in the far--ultraviolet (FUV) spectral region are some of the more challenging due to the very distant and faint objects that are typically searched for in cosmic origin studies such as origin of large scale structure, the formation, evolution, and age of galaxies and the origin of stellar and planetary systems. The problem is compounded by the very limited option of reflecting coatings to use at FUV wavelengths and the modest reflectivity offered by those coatings such as Al+MgF<sub>2</sub> [typically 82 % at Lyman-alpha, 1216 Α) that are used on reflecting surfaces of FUV instrumentation. Improved reflective coatings for optics, particularly in the ultraviolet part of the spectrum, could yield dramatically more sensitive instruments and permit more instrument design freedom. This paper will present recent advances in reflectance performance for Al+MgF<sub>2</sub> mirrors optimized for Lymanalpha wavelength by comparing an ambient or ”cold” deposition with another where the deposition temperature for the MgF<sub>2</sub> layer is done at elevated temperatures. We will also consider this improved procedure for the deposition of LiF over-coated Al mirrors in order to realize similar reflectivity gains at even shorter wavelengths.
Determination of the Conformation and Isomeric Composition of Lignin Model Quinone Methides By NMR (1983)

Abstract Proton and 13C NMR of representative guaiacyl and syringyl β-aryl ether quinone methides have shown that guaiacyl quinone methides, generated from the corresponding benzyl bromides, exist as isomeric pairs in approximately a 70:30 ratio, the major isomer having the 3-methoxyl group syn with respect to the side chain. The ring protons at the 2- and 6-positions in the syn-and the anti-isomera respectively are markedly deshielded by 3teric compression effects; concomitant shielding of these ring carbons is observed in the C-13 NMR. Nuclear Overhauser enhancement experiments define the major solution conformation of these species, the conformation being consistent with the observed predominance of threo-products resulting from nucleophilic addition reactions.
TRAIL Gene Therapy: From Preclinical Development to Clinical Application (2009)

Numerous studies have investigated the potential use of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a cancer therapeutic since its discovery in 1995--because TRAIL is a potent inducer of apoptosis in tumor cells but not in normal cells and tissues. Consequently, a great deal is known about TRAIL/TRAIL receptor expression, the molecular components of TRAIL receptor signaling, and methods of altering tumor cell sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Our laboratory was the first to report the possibility of TRAIL gene transfer therapy as an alternative method of using TRAIL as an antitumor therapy. As with recombinant proteins administered systemically, intratumoral TRAIL gene delivery also has limitations that can restrict its full potential. Translating the preclinical TRAIL studies into the clinic has started, with the hope that TRAIL will exhibit robust tumoricidal activity against human primary tumors in situ with minimal toxic side effects.
Inhibitory activities of E-64 derivatives on papain. (1978)

In order to investigate the active site of inhibition of E-64 against papain, the constituents of E-64 and their derivatives were synthesized and their activities on papain were assayed. It was consequently found trans-epoxysuccinic acid was essential for the activity. The difference of its optical activity gave no influence on the activity, but cis-form had no activity. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship of a series of the esters of trans-epoxysuccinic acid was also discussed. From these results, it was suggested that both epoxide and carbonyl group are important in the manifestation of the inhibitory action.