gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Treatment of alopecia areata: An Australian expert consensus statement (2018)

Alopecia areata (AA) severity varies from a single small patch to complete loss of scalp hair, body hair, eyelashes and eyebrows. While 40% of all affected individuals only ever get one patch and will achieve a spontaneous complete durable remission within 6 months, 27% will develop additional patches but still achieve complete durable remission within 12 months and 33% will develop chronic AA. Without systemic treatment, 55% of individuals with chronic AA will have persistent multifocal relapsing and remitting disease, 30% will ultimately develop alopecia totalis and 15% will develop alopecia universalis. The unpredictable course and psychological distress attributable to AA contributes to the illness associated with AA. Numerous topical, intralesional and systemic agents are currently used to treat AA; however, there is a paucity of data evaluating their use, effectiveness and tolerability. Topical therapy, including topical glucocorticosteroids, minoxidil and immunotherapy, can be used in cases of limited disease. There are no universally agreed indications for initiating systemic treatment for AA. Possible indications for systemic treatment include rapid hair loss, extensive disease (≥50% hair loss), chronic disease, severe distress or a combination of these factors. Currently available systemic treatments include glucocorticosteroids, methotrexate, ciclosporin, azathioprine, dapsone, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus and sulfasalazine. The optimal treatment algorithm has not yet been described. The purpose of this consensus statement is to outline a treatment algorithm for AA, including the indications for systemic treatment, appropriate choice of systemic treatment, satisfactory outcome measures and when to discontinue successful or unsuccessful treatment.
Nitroglycerine and Nitroglycerine Explosives (Naoum, Phokion) (1928)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTNitroglycerine and Nitroglycerine Explosives (Naoum, Phokion)Tenney L. Davis Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1928, 5, 10, 1363Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1928Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1928Published inissue 1 October 1928https://doi.org/10.1021/ed005p1363RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1013 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Weaving stories in digital media (2003)

In this paper we describe research aimed at enabling amateur video makers to improve both the technical quality and communicative capacity of their work. Motivated by the recognition that untold hours of home video are simply abandoned after capture, we have formulated the problem as one of defining the what and how of footage capture.We have implemented a framework that answers the first problem, the what, by means of the age-old communicative powers of Story; the second problem, the how, is addressed by means of well documented aesthetic principles that constitute the film profession, which impact both technical and cinematic considerations for a given project.We provide a brief overview of the process, beginning with the narrative template, embodying a chosen story, through the principal phases of generating a storyboard, directing, and editing, resulting in the finished product. We demonstrate the interplay of narrative, purpose for the production, and aesthetic agents, and their influence on the automatically generated storyboard with examples.
Using SEM Stereo To Extract Semiconductor Wafer Pattern Topography (1987)

In the fully automated semiconductor integrated circuit fabrication facility of the future, individual fabrication processes are expected to be controlled, on-line, by intelligent systems. These systems will adjust process parameters based on a given process specification. The current state of a process will be supplied to these systems in part by intelligent sensors/inspection systems which will observe the product after it has been processed. These systems should be fast, nondestructive, automatic, and be able to work at high resolutions. For monitoring the etching and microlithography processes, a system that can extract integrated circuit pattern (sidewall) topography will be very useful. This paper presents our work on using automatic stereo, with scanning electron microscope (SEM) secondary electron images as input, for extracting integrated circuit pattern topography. In this paper following an introduction to the concept of shape from computer stereo vision, an algorithm that has been developed for this task will be discussed. The parallel implementation of this algorithm on an NCUBE multiprocessor will be discussed next. This will be followed by a presentation of results.
In-Patient Psychiatry: Diagnosis and Treatment (2nd edition) By Lloyd I. Sederer London: Williams & Wilkins. 1986. Pp 399. $45.00. (1987)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Wartime Lessons in Erosion (1941)

During September, 1940, there were many falls of earth and other things upon the roofs of London. An example that I had excellent opportunities of studying consisted of loam, and gravelly loam, distributed in discrete patches over an extensive area. The material must have fallen from a considerable height, for everywhere it moulded itself with flat base to suit its foundation; and, whether forming mere pellets or splashes a few feet in diameter, it developed a surprisingly uniform summit level of little more than 1 inch in height. On breaking the loam across, one always found a system of close, roughly horizontal cracks, a type of rude joint cleavage. This structure persisted despite frequent wettings and dryings, even though when wet the loam became quite sodden.
Controlled manipulation of molecular samples with the nanoManipulator (1999)

The nanoManipulator system adds a virtual-reality interface to an atomic-force microscope (AFM), thus providing a tool that can be used not only to image but also to manipulate nanometer-sized molecular structures. As the AFM tip scans the surface of these structures, the tip-sample interaction forces are monitored which in turn can yield information about the frictional, mechanical and topological properties of the sample. Computer graphics are used to reconstruct the surface for the user, with color or contours overlaid to indicate additional data sets. Moreover, by means of a force-feedback pen, which is connected to the scanning tip via software, the user can touch the surface under investigation to feel it and to manipulate objects on it. This system has been used to investigate carbon nanotubes, DNA, adeno- and tobacco-mosaic virus. Nanotubes have been bent, translated and rotated to understand their mechanical properties and to investigate friction on the molecular level. Using AFM lithography in combination with the nanoManipulator, the electro-mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes are being investigated. The rupture force of DNA has been measured and the elastic moduli of viruses are being studied. We discuss how some of the graphics and interface features of the nanoManipulator made these novel investigations possible.
Relationship between Glucocorticoid Receptor Signal Pathway and Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer (2008)

The GR signal pathway may be the main survival pathway for DU145 cells. Abnormal hyperactivation of the GR signal pathway and its promoting the expression of HSP90 and IL-6 contribute to the progression of ADPC to AIPC after androgen ablation.
Malicious Web Pages Detection Based on Abnormal Visibility Recognition (2009)

In recent years, Web sites have already become the attackers' main target. When attackers embed malicious code in the Web pages, they generally change the display mode of the corresponding HTML tags to make the display effect of malicious code invisible or almost invisible to the browser users. In this paper, the concept of abnormal visibility is proposed to describe the display feature setting of malicious code embedded. According to the concept, a malicious code detection method based on abnormal visibility recognition is designed and a prototype system is implemented. Compared to traditional methods and systems, the method has higher efficiency and less maintenance cost. Besides, a special-purpose JavaScript interpreter is implemented to get the execution output of browser-end scripts that are often used to generate malicious code dynamically by attackers. Experiments show that this system can detect most of the malicious Web pages efficiently and at the same time locate the malicious code in the source code accurately.
Influences and impact (2008)

Two figures took centre stage on the philosophical scene in Germany in the 1920s: Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. Focusing on Husserl in his 1924 doctoral thesis, Adorno continued to engage with his ideas in later work as well. However, Adorno was neither a Husserlian nor a Heideggerian. He first criticized Heidegger's work in “The Idea of Natural History” (INH: 260–61), where he rejected Heidegger's notion of historicity, opting instead for a Marxist perspective on history. His critique of Heidegger became far more strident in subsequent work where, among other things, he charged that Heidegger's philosophy of Being devolves into “an irrationalist world view” (ND: 85, tr. mod.). Indeed, Martin Jay remarks that Adorno viewed phenomenology as a whole as “the last futile attempt of bourgeois thought to rescue itself from impotence”. Content merely to reproduce existing conditions, phenomenology not only “turned against action in the world”; it had a “subterranean connection with fascism” because both “were expressions of the terminal crisis of bourgeois society”.
IL-12 Promotes the Adhesion of NK Cells to Endothelial Selectins Under Flow Conditions (1998)

This study examined the adhesive interactions of peripheral blood NK cells with P- and E-selectin and analyzed the effect of IL-12 on the binding of NK cells to these selectins. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) is expressed on most resting and IL-12-activated NK cells. However, the percentage of resting NK cells bound to P-selectin-IgG was 15%, and that of activated NK cells bound to P-selectin-IgG was 65%. Furthermore, the number of IL-12-activated NK cells bound to P-selectin-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells was significantly higher than that of resting NK cells under flow conditions. These interactions were abolished by the incubation of these NK cells with anti-PSGL-1 (PL-1) mAb. Thus, PSGL-1/P-selectin interaction is important in the binding of resting and activated NK cells to P-selectin. NK cells express sialyl-Lewis(x) (sLe(x)) structure recognized by anti-sLe(x) mAb (KM-93), and IL-12 activation of NK cells increased the mean fluorescence intensity of KM-93-reactive NK cells. Adhesion of IL-12-activated NK cells to E-selectin-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells was stronger than that of resting NK cells under flow conditions. These interactions were reduced markedly by incubation with anti-sLe(x) mAb. Thus, sLe(x) is the major ligand of resting and activated NK cells for E-selectin. These findings indicate that IL-12 stimulation of NK cells promotes their adhesion activity to endothelial selectins.
The rechargeable aluminum-ion battery (2011)

We report a novel aluminium-ion rechargeable battery comprised of an electrolyte containing AlCl(3) in the ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and a V(2)O(5) nano-wire cathode against an aluminium metal anode. The battery delivered a discharge capacity of 305 mAh g(-1) in the first cycle and 273 mAh g(-1) after 20 cycles, with very stable electrochemical behaviour.
Prayer in Disaster: Case Study of Christian Clergy (2003)

Prayer for divine intervention at the time of disaster is well-documented. With a general belief in some sectors of the population that God or some external force drives disaster, to appeal to the same for help or direction should not be unexpected. A number of studies around the world and across cultures have found this to be true. Using a sample of Christian clergy in South Carolina, prayer is investigated for its perceived use as a hazard adjustment. The results indicate that there is broad support for perseverance across denominations, that prayer as protection enjoys support under certain conditions, and that prayer as prevention garners little support except among some more fundamentalist conservative clergy. An important question remaining for hazards researchers is how to recognize and support the positive roles prayer can have in the recovery and relief process of disaster in addition to other protective measures.
Dynamic Improvements in a Cloud-Based Speech Recognition Engine by Incorporating Trending Data (2016)

With the advancement of speech recognition technologies, there is an increase in the adoption of voice interfaces on mobile-based platforms. While, developing a general purpose Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) which can understand voice commands is important, the contexts of how people interact with their mobile device change very rapidly. Due to the high processing complexity of the ASR engine, much of the processing of trending data is being carried out on cloudplatforms. Changed content regarding news, music, movies and TV series change the focus of interaction with voice based interfaces. Hence ASR engines trained on a static vocabulary may not be able to adapt to the changing contexts. The focus of this paper is to first describe the problems faced in incorporating dynamically changing vocabulary and contexts into an ASR engine. We then propose a novel solution which shows a relative improvement of 38 percent utterance accuracy on newly added content without compromising on the overall accuracy and stability of the system.
Polyoxyethylenated Bisphenol-A for Breaking Water‐in‐oil Emulsions (1996)

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular weights, namely, 600, 1000 and 4000 g/mol was reacted with bisphenol A to form compounds having different hydrophile–lipophile balances and hence different surface activities. The interfacial tension at the aqueous/benzene interface was determined. It was found that the concentrations of demulsifiers required to cause a minimum interfacial tension are always less than those inducing a maximum demulsification efficiency. The demulsification efficiency of the prepared surfactants in breaking synthetic water in benzene emulsions stabilized by petroleum asphaltenes was evaluated. The data revealed that the demulsification efficiency increases with increasing demulsifier concentration, contact time and hydrophilicity.
How to clamp the main pulmonary artery during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy (2006)

We sometimes run across difficulty in dissection of the pulmonary arteries due to dense pleural adhesions and bleeding from the pulmonary artery during the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy. In these cases, conversion of the VATS approach to open thoracotomy is a requisite. The presence of an easy and safe technique for pulmonary artery clamping will make the switch of the surgical procedure unnecessary. We developed the new technique for pulmonary artery clamping using 1-0 silk suture. This may become one of the standard techniques for pulmonary artery clamping not only in VATS but also in open thoracotomy, as well.
Development of dopamine‐beta hydroxylase—positive fiber innervation of the rat hippocampus (1993)

Development of the noradrenergic fiber innervation of the rat hippocampus by the locus coeruleus was examined immunohistochemically in fixed tissue from animals aged 4 days through 55 days postnatal. The presence of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) immunoreactive cells and fibers was evaluated in sections of hippocampus and locus coeruleus. Large, multipolar TH- and DBH-positive cells with long beaded fibers were visible within locus coeruleus at all ages; no immunopositive cell bodies were found in hippocampus. In hippocampal sections from mature animals (PN55), the highest density of DBH-stained fibers was found in stratum lucidum of CA3 and in the hilus and inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. Whereas similar patterns of fiber positivity were found at PN21 and PN10 (although with somewhat reduced density of immunopositive fibers), the pattern was quite different at PN4. Although fiber staining was relatively sparse at PN4, relative density of DBH fibers was highest in stratum radiatum of CA1 and subiculum. This change in staining pattern suggests that noradrenergic function in hippocampus may change as the rat matures. Double immunofluorescence techniques showed an overlap of DBH and TH positive fibers in all hippocampal regions at all ages. DBH immunostaining appeared to be somewhat more sensitive than the TH staining. These data made it impossible to confirm the presence of significant numbers of nonnoradrenergic, catecholamine-containing fibers in hippocampus.
Utilisation de la réaction de cycloaddition de Huisgen afin d'améliorer les propriétés des polymères fluorés (2010)

L'utilisation de la reaction de cycloaddition 1,3 de Huisgen afin d'optimiser les proprietes de polymeres fluores constitue l'objectif de ce travail. Cette cycloaddition a ete etudiee selon deux strategies specifiques. La premiere consiste en une cycloaddition, realisee entre un groupe azide et une fonction nitrile, non catalysee, tandis que la seconde concerne la cycloadditon, catalysee par le cuivre, entre un groupe azido et une fonction alcyne dont la reaction est classiquement appelee « click chemistry ». Le premier chapitre est consacre a une etude bibliographique sur la reticulation et la post-reticulation chimiques des polymeres a temperature ambiante et a des temperatures inferieures a 150 °C. Cette etude decrit de facon quasi-exhaustive les differentes reactions chimiques permettant de realiser une reticulation, et ce en les classant par fonctions cles. Le second chapitre decrit la reticulation d'un elastomere fluore commercial, porteur de fonction nitrile par cycloaddition 1,3 de Huisgen non catalysee a l'aide d'un agent reticule fluore telechelique bisazide. Une etude modele de la reaction de cycloaddition mettant en jeu une reaction nitrile-azide a l'aide de composes moleculaires afin de determiner les meilleures conditions de reaction. Le troisieme chapitre concerne le greffage d'un compose phthalocyanine sur un copolymere fluore (de type poly(chlorotrifluoethylene-co-2-iodoethyl vinyl ether) par cycloaddition de Huisgen catalysee au cuivre, ou « click chemistry », dans le but d'obtenir un compose possedant des proprietes photovoltaiques interessantes.
On the Development of a Digital Meteorological Model for Simulating Future Air Traffic Management Automation (2011)

Aviation Meteorology plays an essential role for the Air Traffic Management (ATM) automation. The availability of accurate estimates of atmosphere properties would largely increase safety and efficiency of air traffic operations. The work presented here looks forward to a net-centric serviceoriented ATM system architecture where available data, airground connectivity and modern computational resources and techniques are taken advantage of to attain a 4D predictive model of atmospheric properties specifically designed for real-time support to air vehicle operations in highly dense terminal manoeuvring areas. The effort, conducted as part of the ATLANTIDA project, consists of the development of a digital meteo model (DMET) that combines atmospheric data from several sources into a 4D predictive scenario that is made available to subscribers through periodic updates. Atmospheric data sources include forecasts from global and mesoscale weather models as well as live observations provided by ground stations and aircraft in the scene. The model produced consists of a 4D grid of pressure, temperature and wind data fields valid over an airspace cube of about 150 × 150 × 20 km, within a time interval of 2.5 hours. On top of this model, minimum time, minimum consumption and other interesting trajectories are simulated and shown, all being processed remotely in a supercomputing centre.
Structure and Dynamics of Neat and CO<sub>2</sub>-Reacted Ionic Liquid Tetrabutylphosphonium 2-Cyanopyrrolide (2011)

Results of molecular dynamics simulations are reported in which the structure and dynamics of the reacted and unreacted forms of the task-specific ionic liquid (TSIL) tetrabutylphosphonium 2-cyanopyrrolide were computed. This particular ionic liquid is one of several newly discovered TSILs containing aprotic heterocyclic anions designed specifically for CO2 capture. The physical properties, liquid structure, and dynamics of the ionic liquid were computed as a function of extent of reaction with CO2. Translational and rotational dynamics showed little change upon reaction with CO2, in sharp contrast to traditional TSILs and consistent with experimental viscosity measurements. It is shown that this is due to the failure of a hydrogen-bond network to form upon reaction with CO2. The Henry’s law constants for the physical solubility of CO2, N2, O2, and H2O were computed for the unreacted TSIL and found to be comparable to values observed with other ionic liquids. In the reacted state, the solubility of CO2, N2, and O2 remained essentially unchanged, whereas the solubility of H2O increased by over a factor of 10 because of favorable hydrogen-bonding interactions with the carbamate.
Design and performance evaluation of an adaptive cache coherence protocol (2002)

In shared-memory multiprocessor systems, the local caches which are used to tolerate the performance gap between processor and memory cause additional bus transactions to maintain the coherency of shared data. Especially, coherency misses and data traffic due to spatial locality and false sharing have a significant effect on the system performance. In this approach, an adaptive cache coherence protocol based on the sectored cache is introduced. It determines the size of a block to be migrated or invalidated dynamically, depending on the transfer mode, so that it can exploit the spatial locality and reduce useless data traffic due to false sharing at the same time. This protocol is evaluated via event-driven simulation, and its results show a 58% decrease in the data traffic and a 45% decrease in the cache miss ratio. Thus, the adaptive cache coherence protocol provides about a 56% improvement in the execution time.