gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1-Amino-2-phenylcycloalkanecarboxylic Acids (c<sub>n</sub>Phe) (2006)

Constrained amino acids have become very important tools for modern drug discovery research. Phenylalanine is an ­appropriate residue for study, due to its participation in active site recognition. The series of 1-amino-2-phenylcycloalkanecarboxylic acids - c n Phe - constitutes an attractive family of constrained ­analogues of phenylalanine that can provide different orientations of the phenyl moiety. All stereoisomers of this series, from the ­cyclopropane to the cyclohexane members, are available in enantio­merically pure form.
L‐Erythruronic Acid Derivatives as Building Blocks for Nucleoside Analogs. Synthesis of 4′‐<i>C</i>‐Aryl‐D‐ribonucleosides (1982)

Abstract 2, 3‐ O ‐Cyclohexylidene‐L‐erythruronic acid (6) available in 83% yield from D‐ribonolactone (7) , was treated with phenvlmagnesium bromide to give the D ‐ribo and L ‐ lyxo derivatives 10 and 11 in high yields ( Scheme 1 and 2 ). The diastereoselectivity depended on the temperature and mode of operation ( Table 1 ). The absolute configuration of 10 and 11 was determined by correlation with ( R )‐ and ( S )phenylethanediol ( 17 and 16 ) respectively, excluding intramolecular hydride shifts during formation of 10 and 11. Reaction of 6 with methcoxymethoxyphenyllithium gave the lactones 18 and 19. The L ‐ lyxo isomer 19 was transformed in high yields into the D ‐ ribo lactone 18 . Compound 10 was transformed into the adenosine analoge 24 by reduction with Diisobutylaluminium hydride, hydrolysis, acetylation and nucleoside synthesis according to Vorbrüggen ( Scheme 3 ). Its structure was deduced from its UV., NMR. and CD. data and from those of the isopropylidene derivative 25 . Similarly, 18 was transformed into the adenosine analog 29 and into the isopropylidene derivative 30 .
A new image coding technique using transforms vector quantization (2005)

A new interframe coding technique is proposed. Where a two-dimensional Hadamard transform is applied on each sub-block of successive frames, and an adaptive vector quantisation scheme is applied along the transformed blocks of the successive frames. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by computer simulation on sequence of moving images.
Top Millennial Health Issues (2019)

Here are the health challenges impacting quality of life and lifespan of the millennial generation.
Calibrated fisheye imaging systems for determination of cloud-top radiances from a UAV (2003)

In order to measure cloud top radiances from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or other light aircraft, two small calibrated fisheye imaging systems have recently been developed. One of these systems uses a visible-wavelength CCD and is optically filtered to measure cloud top and ground radiances near 645 nm. The other uses an InGaAs detector and is optically filtered to measure radiances near 1610 nm. These sensors are specifically designed for use with DOE's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program UAV Project, and it is anticipated that they will be used for comparison with a variety of satellite-borne radiance measurements. Radiometric calibration of solid-state imagers is never trivial, as the effects of exposure time, system non-linearities, temperature, gain and other system characteristics must be adequately measured and characterized. Much experience has been gained with the ground-based Day/Night Whole Sky Imagers and the Daylight Visible/NIR Whole Sky Imagers developed and used by the group for many years. New techniques for the radiometric calibration of the two new airborne systems are being developed based on this experience and the characteristics of the sensors involved. In addition, new techniques for a more accurate angular calibration have been developed.
Low-frequency approach to target identification (1975)

This paper presents a low-frequency method for target identification, and its effectiveness is demonstrated for a large variety of objects varying in complexity from spheres and cubes to modern airplanes. The selection of an appropriate discrete set of frequencies led to a low misclassification error. A number of classification methods are examined using this discrete set of frequencies. It is shown that simple objects can be adequately classified by a linear discriminant method. For more complex targets, such as aircraft, a nearest neighbor approach is required. The introduction of phase and orthogonal polarization components further decreased misclassification error. A discussion of the tradeoff between the increased complexity and improved performance of various classification alternatives is provided.
The use of X-ray Diffraction and Scattering in Characterization of Polymer Structure (1959)

X-ray diffraction studies provide useful information about the internal arrangement of polymer molecules—an important factor affecting the physical properties of plastics. Such studies also help to explain the mechanism by which this molecular arrangement affects properties. Therefore, X-ray diffraction studies are important from both a practical and a fundamental viewpoint.
Glutathione Levels and Sensitivity to Apoptosis Are Regulated by Changes in Transaldolase Expression (1996)

Transaldolase (TAL) is a key enzyme of the reversible nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that is responsible for the generation of NADPH to maintain glutathione at a reduced state (GSH) and, thus, to protect cellular integrity from reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs). Formation of ROIs have been implicated in certain types of apoptotic cell death. To evaluate the role of TAL in this process, Jurkat human T cells were permanently transfected with TAL expression vectors oriented in the sense or antisense direction. Overexpression of TAL resulted in a decrease in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities and NADPH and GSH levels and rendered these cells highly susceptible to apoptosis induced by serum deprivation, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and anti-Fas monoclonal antibody. In addition, reduced levels of TAL resulted in increased glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activities and increased GSH levels with inhibition of apoptosis in all five model systems. The effect of TAL expression on susceptibility to apoptosis through regulating the PPP and GSH production is consistent with an involvement of ROIs in each pathway tested. Production of ROIs in Fas-mediated cell death was further substantiated by measurement of intracellular ROI production with oxidation-sensitive fluorescent probes, by the protective effects of GSH precursor, N-acetyl cysteine, free radical spin traps 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide and 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide, the antioxidants desferrioxamine, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, and Amytal, and by the enhancing effects of GSH depletion with buthionine sulfoximine. The results provide definitive evidence that TAL has a role in regulating the balance between the two branches of PPP and its overall output as measured by GSH production and thus influences sensitivity to cell death signals.
Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of S-100β Is A Biomarker for Spinal Cord Injury; a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (2019)

The results of the present systematic review and meta-analysis show that measuring the level of S-100Β protein in serum and CSF has a potential value in diagnosis of SCI in animal models. This biomarker increases during the initial 6 hours following injury and remains high until 24 hours after that. However, more than 24 hours after the injury, serum level of this protein returns to the level of animals without SCI.
Peer-to-peer overlay broker networks in an event-based middleware (2003)

Overlay broker networks are an important part of an event-based middleware. In this paper, we investigate the requirements of overlay broker networks and argue that using peer-to-peer techniques for their creation and the content-based routing of events has many advantages. We support our claims with an experimental evaluation of Hermes, an event-based middleware architecture that uses a peer-to-peer routing substrate, in comparison with a standard publish/subscribe system that has a simple, predefined overlay topology. The results reveal that Hermes has better routing efficiency and keeps less routing state at the event brokers.
Longitudinally implanted intrafascicular electrodes for stimulating and recording fascicular physioelectrical signals in the sciatic nerve of rabbits (2003)

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the stimulating and recording characters of fascicular physioelectrical signals in the activity of peripheral nerves by longitudinally implanted intrafascicular electrodes (LIFEs) in a rabbit sciatic nerve model, and discuss the future application of LIFEs in functional electrical stimulation (FES) and control of electric arm prosthesis. In methodology, LIFEs were inserted into the fasciculus of the sciatic nerves of rabbits and used as recording electrodes and stimulating electrodes, respectively. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), cortical somatosensory-evoked potentials (CSEPs), and electromyography (EMG) were recorded by using a transcranial stimulation system (TCS). LIFEs were found to have stable stimulating and recording characters. The interpeak amplitudes (IPAs) of MEPs ranged from 78-156 microV (mean +/- SD, 102 +/- 23.2 microV). The onset latency (OL) of MEPs ranged from 9.8-11.2 msec (mean +/- SD, 10.8 +/- 0.6 msec). The interpeak amplitudes (IPAs) of CSEPs ranged from 5.8-7.2 microV (mean +/- SD, 6.7 +/- 0.5 microV). The onset latency (OL) of CSEPs ranged from 11.4-14.6 msec (mean +/- SD, 12.8 +/- 1.3 msec). EMGs could be recorded in the gastrocnemius, but could not be recorded in the tibialis anterior muscle. In conclusion, longitudinally implanted intrafascicular electrodes can act as intrafascicular stimulating and recording electrodes with high selective characters. They can provide a new way to study fascicular physioelectrical signals and their function in the activity of peripheral nerves.
Rheumatologic manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infection in adults. Initial Two‐Year Clinical Experience (1990)

During 1987 and 1988, we identified 9 adults at the Medical and Rheumatology Services of the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics who had a clinical diagnosis of fifth disease; 8 of the 9 had symptoms of joint involvement. Another 12 adults with serologic positivity for anti-parvovirus B19 IgM antibody presented with polyarthralgia/polyarthritis. Patients were usually found to be seronegative for rheumatoid factor, and none developed nodules or erosive disease. Many patients with chronic disease met criteria for a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. A diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection should be considered during the initial visit of patients with polyarthralgia/polyarthritis.
Scanning Probe Microscopy Applications in Failure Analysis of Semiconductor Devices (2020)

Abstract Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is widely used for fault isolation as well as diagnosing leakage current, detecting open circuits, and characterizing doping related defects. In this article, the author presents two SPM applications that are fairly uncommon but no less important in the scope of failure analysis. The first case involves the discovery of nano-steps on the surface of high-voltage NFETs, a phenomenon associated with stress-induced crystalline shift along the (111) silicon plane. In the second case, the author uses an AFM probe in the conductive mode to correlate tunneling current distribution with hot spots in high-k gate oxide films, which is shown to be a better indicator of oxide quality than rms surface roughness.
Tire Waste Derived Turbostratic Carbon as an Electrode for a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (2018)

For the first time, we report the synthesis of turbostratic carbon derived from tire waste with high surface area and its utilization as an electrode material in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The tire waste carbon was initially subjected to acid demineralization followed by KOH activation wherein the carbon to KOH ratio was varied (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5), and the electrochemical performance toward VO2+/VO2+, V3+/V4+, and V2+/V3+ redox reactions was investigated. The turbostratic nature of carbon derived from tire waste was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) measurements revealed the surface area was as high as 875 m2·g–1 for the 1:5 KOH activated sample. The electrochemical performance of pretreated carbon (TW) and turbostratic carbon (1:1, 1:2, and 1:5) was compared by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge–discharge methods. Our results indicated that the 1:5 KOH activated electrode exhibited the highest surface area and performed much better than the other ratios in terms of overall electrochemical performance including high peak current, less peak potential difference, low polarization potential, small charge-transfer resistance, high charge–discharge capacity, high Coulombic efficiency, and high energy efficiency. Further, a full cell was fabricated and its electrochemical performance was tested. The results indicated impressive electrochemical performance with Coulombic efficiency as 87% at 10 mA·cm–2 along with stable cycling behavior up to 200 cycles, thus signifying the tire waste derived turbostratic carbon offers great promise as high-performance electrodes for VRFB applications.
W. H. Hudson and Richard Jefferies (1949)

Journal Article W. H. Hudson and Richard Jefferies Get access Samuel Looker Samuel Looker Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 194, Issue 9, 30 April 1949, Pages 195–196, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/194.9.195d Published: 30 April 1949
Antiapoptotic Cdc42 Mutants Are Potent Activators of Cellular Transformation (2002)

Cdc42 is a small GTP-binding protein which has been implicated in a number of cellular activities, including cell morphology, motility, cell-cycle progression, and malignant transformation. While GTPase-defective forms of Cdc42 inhibit cell growth, a mutation [Cdc42(F28L)] that allows the constitutive exchange of GDP for GTP and is GTPase-competent induces cellular transformation. These results suggest that Cdc42 must cycle between its GTP- and GDP-bound states to stimulate cell growth. In attempting to design Cdc42 molecules with more potent transforming activity, we set out to generate other types of Cdc42 mutants capable of constitutive GDP-GTP exchange. Here, we describe one such mutant, generated by changing a conserved aspartic acid residue at position 118 to an asparagine. The Cdc42(D118N) protein exchanges GDP for GTP more rapidly than wild-type Cdc42, but significantly more slowly than the Cdc42(F28L) mutant. Despite its slower rate of activation, the Cdc42(D118N) mutant is more potent at inducing cellular transformation than the Cdc42(F28L) protein, and causes a significant loss in actin stress fibers, reminiscent of what is observed with fibroblasts transformed by oncogenic Ras mutants. Effector-loop mutations made within the D118N background inhibit Cdc42-induced transformation and Cdc42-mediated antiapoptotic (survival) activity to similar extents. In addition, mutating aspartic acid 121 (to asparagine), which forms part of a caspase cleavage site (DLRD, residues 118-121 of Cdc42), in combination with the F28L mutation generates a Cdc42 molecule [Cdc42(F28L/D121N)] with transforming activity significantly stronger than that of Cdc42(F28L). Thus, mutations that combine some capacity for cycling between the GTP- and GDP-bound states with increased survival against apoptotic signals yield Cdc42 molecules with the maximum capability for inducing cellular transformation.
TLR8 Senses Bacterial RNA in Human Monocytes and Plays a Nonredundant Role for Recognition of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (2015)

Microbial nucleic acids constitute an important group of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that efficiently trigger innate immune activation. In mice, TLR13 has recently been identified to sense a highly conserved region within bacterial 23S rRNA. However, TLR13 is not expressed in humans, and the identity of its human homolog remains elusive. Moreover, the contribution of bacterial RNA to the induction of innate immune responses against entire bacteria is still insufficiently defined. In the current study, we show that human monocytes respond to bacterial RNA with secretion of IL-6, TNF, and IFN-β, which is critically dependent on lysosomal maturation. Using small interfering RNA and overexpression, we unambiguously identify TLR8 as receptor for bacterial RNA in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages. We further demonstrate that the sequence motif sensed by TLR8 is clearly distinct from that recognized by TLR13. Moreover, TLR8-dependent detection of bacterial RNA was critical for triggering monocyte activation in response to infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Bacterial RNA within streptococci was also a dominant stimulus for murine immune cells, highlighting the physiological relevance of RNA sensing in defense of infections.
Adaptive intrusion detection with data mining (2004)

A major constraint of an anomaly-based intrusion detection system (IDS) lies in its inability to adapt to distinguish these changes from intrusive behavior. To overcome these obstacles, the normal profile must be updated at regular intervals. The naive approach of exhaustively recomputing the normal profile is often not viable and can incorporate patterns of intrusive behavior as normal. We address technical issues and present an adaptive data mining framework for anomaly detection. We employ a sliding window approach and use only the audit data inside that sliding window to update the profile. Instead of performing an exhaustive update, we use some heuristics to decide when to update. Experimental results using real network traffic data (containing simulated intrusion attacks) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Quality Control of Serum Albumin Depletion for Proteomic Analysis (2007)

Sporadic and systematic variation in efficiency of albumin depletion by spin columns may contribute significant preanalytical bias to proteomic approaches of biomarker discovery. This variation requires ongoing QC of the albumin depletion process by quantification of albumin concentration to assess depletion efficiency.
Data Storage Scheme of Sensor Network Based on HDFS (2014)

In order to solve the problem of growing massive of data in sensor network, we propose a new scheme of data storage for sensor network based on HDFS which is a cloud-based storage platform, it effectively alleviate the pressure of mass data storage on sensor network, and improved the scalability of storage system and part of the enhanced the data storage security on sensor network. And this scheme is based on cloud storage platform, storage the data which collected by sensors to each data node using a distributed architecture solution, and keep multiple copies of data in order to maintain its high reliability of data. As reducing the pressure of data storage, but also protects the security of stored data as shown by security analysis.
Statistical and Scientific Databases. (1992)

Statistical/scientific database management user interfaces physical database support data models data analysis systems statistical query languages query optimization precision in processing queries data security statistical expert systems geographically organized data object-oriented approaches.
Symptomatic and objective results of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after failed EndoCinch gastroplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (2010)

This study has shown that quality of life and reflux control were satisfactory after LNF for failed EndoCinch gastroplication. Troublesome dysphagia was more frequently present after surgery in comparison with primary LNF.
Implementing waveform shaping filters to pre-equalize gain and phase distortion of the analog signal processing path in DSP based modems (2002)

The shaping filter in a DSP based transmitter must perform a number of simultaneous signal processing tasks prior to delivering digital samples to its digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and analog smoothing filter. The primary task is spectral shaping with a specified up-sampling rate (to permit large transition bandwidth in the analog smoothing filter following the DAC). A secondary task is compensation for spectral gain and phase distortion introduced in the analog signal processing chain following the digital shaping filter. Distortion effects include the DAC's sin(x)/(x) spectral response and the non-uniform gain and phase response of the analog smoothing filter following the DAC. This paper presents a technique for incorporating arbitrary gain and phase corrections in the digital shaping filter.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conjugation of Glucose Oxidase onto Mn-Doped ZnS Quantum Dots for Phosphorescent Sensing of Glucose in Biological Fluids (2010)

Integrating various enzymes with nanomaterials provides various nanohybrids with new possibilities in biosensor applications. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity and stability are also improved due to the large surface area of nanomaterials. Here we report the conjugation of glucose oxidase (GOD) onto phosphorescent Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs) using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropy)carbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as coupling reagents for glucose biosensing based on the effective quenching of the room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of Mn-doped ZnS QDs by the H(2)O(2) generated from GOD-catalyzed oxidation of glucose. The obtained bioconjugate not only provided improved enzymatic performance with Michaelis-Menten constant of 0.70 mM but also favored biological applications because the phosphorescent detection mode avoided the interference from autofluorescence and scattering light from the biological matrix. In addition, the GOD-conjugated Mn-doped ZnS QDs showed better thermal stability in the temperature range of 20-80 degrees C. The GOD-Mn-doped ZnS QDs based RTP sensor for glucose gave a detection limit of 3 microM and two linear ranges from 10 microM to 0.1 mM and from 0.1 to 1 mM. The developed biosensor was successfully applied to the determination of glucose in real serum samples without the need for any complicated sample pretreatments.