gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional regulation in the yeast <i>GAL</i> gene family: a complex genetic network (1995)

Regulation of the GAL structural genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is implemented by the products of GAL-specific (GAL4, GAL80, GAL3) and general (GAL11, SWI1, 2, 3, SNF5, 6, numerous glucose repression) genes. Recent work has 1) yielded significant new insights on the DNA binding and transcription activation/Gal80 protein binding functions of the Gal4 activator protein, 2) described the characterization of purified Gal4 protein-Gal80 protein complexes, 3) deconvoluted the multiple and complex glucose repression pathways acting on GAL genes, 4) suggested a new mechanism for the Gal3 protein-mediated induction of GAL structural gene expression, 5) introduced Gal1 protein, a structural gene product, into the regulation scheme, and 6) extended our already substantial understanding of GAL regulatory gene control. The mechanisms which control structural and regulatory gene expression in the GAL family are compared and GAL structural/regulatory gene chromatin structure is discussed.
Considerations in the autocalibration of quadrature receivers (2002)

This paper develops a calibration procedure for gain and phase imbalances in quadrature receivers. Quadrature demodulation has many applications in communications and array processing. Frequently, the output of the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) channels are considered the real and imaginary parts, respectively, of a complex random process which belongs to the Goodman (1963) class. Mismatch in the gain and phase of the I and Q channels results in a departure from this statistical model and a degradation in the performance of subsequent signal processing algorithms. The calibration algorithm presented in this paper estimates the relative imbalance between the I and Q channels, based on data from a sinusoid of known frequency but unknown amplitude and phase.
SEP-225289 Serotonin and Dopamine Transporter Occupancy: A PET Study (2011)

At the doses evaluated, occupancy of the dopamine transporter was significantly higher than that of the serotonin transporter, despite similar in vitro potencies, confirming that, in addition to in vitro assays, PET occupancy studies can be instrumental to the drug development process by informing early decisions about indication, dose, and therapeutic potential.
Some reactions of (5R)-2-methylene-5-(thymin-1-yl)-2,5-dihydrofuran (1992)

The title compound 4 was quantitatively converted into the isomeric furan derivative 5 under relatively mild acidic conditions; when compound 4 was treated with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid in dichloromethane and sodium hypochlorite in aqueous dioxane, compounds 9 and 11, respectively, were obtained. Both compounds were isolated in 48% yield.
FORENSICS ON A HACKED WEBSITE (2021)

These days, web applications are becoming a target for security attackers. By using some security measures we can prevent or detect security attacks on web applications, but we cannot detect the attacker. Since we are unable to trace the attack, it encourages the attackers to launch new attacks on the same system. Forensics on web applications provides security to the founder from the attacks. By this way we can significantly reduce the number of attacks on daily basis.
Experimentally Determined Catalytic Reactor Behavior and Analysis for Gas Turbine Combustors (1979)

Investigations contributing to the development and design of the low emission catalytic reactor to be used in large industrial combustion turbine applications are considered. Experimental results on the behavior of catalytically supported combustion under typical operating conditions are presented. They were obtained by burning No. 2 oil in a flow passage containing an Engelhard catalyst. Temperature measurements are made by specially designed thermocouples along the axial direction of the monolithic substrate. These measurements, at steady-state conditions, include axial variation through the substrate for different conditions of inlet temperature, fuel concentration, and mass flow conditions. In addition, the effect of catalyst length on the temperature profile is illustrated. Emissions measurements are made for the evaluation of the performance of the catalytic reactor under different operating conditions. The conditions required to achieve combustion efficiencies ≥99.5 percent have been experimentally determined. The thermo-mechanical analysis of the support structure of a catalyst element using transpiration cooling has been performed for steady-state conditions. Results show improvements in stress and amount of cooling air required compared to film cooling.
Quantitative treatment of indicator equilibria in micellar solutions of sodium decyl phosphate and sodium lauryl sulfate (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative treatment of indicator equilibria in micellar solutions of sodium decyl phosphate and sodium lauryl sulfateLaurence S. Romsted and Dino ZanetteCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 16, 4690–4698Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100327a027https://doi.org/10.1021/j100327a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Efficient Multi-label Classification with Many Labels (2013)

In multi-label classification, each sample can be associated with a set of class labels. When the number of labels grows to the hundreds or even thousands, existing multi-label classification methods often become computationally inefficient. In recent years, a number of remedies have been proposed. However, they are based either on simple dimension reduction techniques or involve expensive optimization problems. In this paper, we address this problem by selecting a small subset of class labels that can approximately span the original label space. This is performed by an efficient randomized sampling procedure where the sampling probability of each class label reflects its importance among all the labels. Experiments on a number of real-world multi-label data sets with many labels demonstrate the appealing performance and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Copyright 2013 by the author(s).
Umwandlung eines Betacyans in ein Betaxanthin Synthese von Indicaxanthin aus Betanin (1965)

Abstract When betanin (III) was treated with S ‐proline (IV), a base exchange took place which produced indicaxanthin (I). In this way this yellow pigment of the cactus fruit was partially synthesized by a method which should be generally applicable for the mutual interconversion of betacyanins and betaxanthins . For it was also possible to transform indicaxanthin into betanidin (II) by a base exchange with 5,6‐dihydroxy‐2,3‐dihydroindole‐2 S ‐carboxylic acid (V).
Isolation and Characterization of Rice Phytochrome A Mutants (2001)

To elucidate phytochrome A (phyA) function in rice, we screened a large population of retrotransposon (Tos17) insertional mutants by polymerase chain reaction and isolated three independent phyA mutant lines. Sequencing of the Tos17 insertion sites confirmed that the Tos17s interrupted exons of PHYA genes in these mutant lines. Moreover, the phyA polypeptides were not immunochemically detectable in these phyA mutants. The seedlings of phyA mutants grown in continuous far-red light showed essentially the same phenotype as dark-grown seedlings, indicating the insensitivity of phyA mutants to far-red light. The etiolated seedlings of phyA mutants also were insensitive to a pulse of far-red light or very low fluence red light. In contrast, phyA mutants were morphologically indistinguishable from wild type under continuous red light. Therefore, rice phyA controls photomorphogenesis in two distinct modes of photoperception--far-red light-dependent high irradiance response and very low fluence response--and such function seems to be unique and restricted to the deetiolation process. Interestingly, continuous far-red light induced the expression of CAB and RBCS genes in rice phyA seedlings, suggesting the existence of a photoreceptor(s) other than phyA that can perceive continuous far-red light in the etiolated seedlings.
Adenoviral-mediated delivery of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor results in specific tumor localization of a bombesin analogue in vivo. (1997)

Radioimmunotherapy is hindered by a variety of factors linked to the utilization of monoclonal antibodies. These limitations include restricted tumor penetration as well as low levels of intratumoral antigen expression. To address the latter problem, we used a gene therapy approach to induce tumor cells to express enhanced levels of receptor with high binding affinity for a radiolabeled peptide. In this regard, a radiolabeled bombesin analogue was used in conjunction with a recombinant adenoviral vector encoding the murine gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (mGRPr). A panel of human carcinoma cell lines was infected in vitro with the recombinant adenoviral vector encoding the mGRPr vector to examine the induced binding of a 125I-labeled bombesin peptide. All cell lines examined displayed high levels of induced peptide binding, with approximately 60-80% of the radioactivity bound to the cells, in a live-cell binding assay. The human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3.ip1 was chosen for in vivo analysis of radiolabeled bombesin analogue tumor localization in biodistribution and pharmacokinetic studies in athymic nude mice. Genetic induction of mGRPr in vivo resulted in selective tumor uptake of the radiolabeled peptide and high tumor:blood ratios. The biodistribution results compared favorably to those obtained with 131I-labeled e21 anti-erbB-2 monoclonal antibody in animals bearing i.p. SKOV3.ip1 tumors that endogenously express erbB-2. Thus, a novel method to combine gene transfer and radioimmunotherapy may result in augmented tumor cell targeting of radiopharmaceuticals.
Design of high productivity antibody capture by protein A chromatography using an integrated experimental and modeling approach (2012)

An integrated experimental and modeling approach for the design of high productivity protein A chromatography is presented to maximize productivity in bioproduct manufacture. The approach consists of four steps: (1) small-scale experimentation, (2) model parameter estimation, (3) productivity optimization and (4) model validation with process verification. The integrated use of process experimentation and modeling enables fewer experiments to be performed, and thus minimizes the time and materials required in order to gain process understanding, which is of key importance during process development. The application of the approach is demonstrated for the capture of antibody by a novel silica-based high performance protein A adsorbent named AbSolute. In the example, a series of pulse injections and breakthrough experiments were performed to develop a lumped parameter model, which was then used to find the best design that optimizes the productivity of a batch protein A chromatographic process for human IgG capture. An optimum productivity of 2.9 kg L⁻¹ day⁻¹ for a column of 5mm diameter and 8.5 cm length was predicted, and subsequently verified experimentally, completing the whole process design approach in only 75 person-hours (or approximately 2 weeks).
Organic nitrate functional nanoparticles for the glutathione-triggered slow-release of nitric oxide (2014)

Nitrate-containing amphiphilic block copolymer chains were self-assembled into micellar nanostructures as a reservoir for the slow-release delivery of nitric oxide (NO). Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-block-poly(vinyl benzyl chloride-co-styrene) was prepared by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Pendant chloro- groups in the polymer backbone were reacted with silver nitrate (AgNO3) to introduce nitrate functionality. The nitrate-containing micelles proved to be stable in water, with no detectableNOrelease. The release ofNOwas then triggered by exposure to glutathione, and it was found that 36 and 99% of NO was released at 37 and 60° C, respectively, after 21 h.
A Study of the Antioxidant Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acids on Sperm Quality (2008)

In conclusion, Alpha lipoic acids renders cryoprotection to sperm, thereby improving sperm quality.
Measured spatial properties of the cw Nd:YAG laser beam (1980)

The spatial properties of an 80-W Nd:YAG laser beam have been measured. A simple expression is obtained which can be used to describe the power density of the beam as a function of peak power density and halfwidth at half-maximum.
Identification of <b> <i>Saccharomyces</i> </b> sensu stricto and <b> <i>Torulaspora</i> </b> yeasts by PCR ribotyping (1997)

18S rDNA + ITS1 and 25S rDNA PCR products covering more than 95% of the nuclear ribosomal DNA repeat unit of 28 Saccharomyces sensu stricto and Torulaspora yeasts and their anamorph forms were digested with HaeIII, MspI, HinfI and CfoI. Using combinations of two restriction enzymes, specific ribotyping patterns of six species were found. PCR ribotyping offers a convenient tool for quick identification of yeast isolates, but specificity of ribotyping patterns should be checked with a larger number of strains to avoid misidentification because of lack of variation within different taxa or because of strain-specific ribotyping patterns of species type strains.
Enhanced photothermal displacement spectroscopy for thin-film characterization using a Fabry-Perot resonator (2004)

We have developed a technique for photothermal displacement spectroscopy that is potentially orders of magnitude more sensitive than conventional methods. We use a single Fabry-Perot resonator to enhance both the intensity of the pump beam and the sensitivity of the probe beam. The result is an enhancement of the response of the instrument by a factor proportional to the square of the finesse of the cavity over conventional interferometric measurements. In this paper we present a description of the technique, and we discuss how the properties of thin films can be deduced from the photothermal response. As an example of the technique, we report a measurement of the thermal properties of a multilayer dielectric mirror similar to those used in interferometric gravitational wave detectors.
Interdigitated coplanar directional couplers (1980)

A new coplanar coupler is presented which is suitable both for hybrid and monolithic i.c. applications. Design charts deduced from a theoretical analysis are given and experirmental results concerning X- and J-band quadrature hybrids manufactured on alumina substrates are presented and discussed.
New type equalization circuit and management system of Li-ion battery (2014)

This paper is proposed a new type of equalization circuit. It is to implement active battery balance for Li-ion battery. The battery management system is designed for manage a 4-series-cell battery system; provide a voltage monitoring for each cell.
Detection of Minute Chemical Species by Principal-Component Analysis (1999)

A novel analytical technique based on the detection of minute bands in a mixture spectrum with the use of principal-component analysis (PCA) is presented. This new aspect of PCA indicates that overlapped spectra of some components can be separated with no a priori knowledge of the components when the absorbances of the components vary greatly. This technique can be used for the detection of minute chemical species. The concept was confirmed by computer simulations. In the simulations, abstract spectra (loading vectors) were successfully obtained, and the changes of the component absorbances were also successfully followed semiquantitatively by calculating their scores. The method developed with PCA was applied to the analysis of infrared reflection-absorption (RA) spectra to study molecular interaction mechanism between alkyl-deuterated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC-d(62)) monolayer and sucrose. The samples were Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of the DPPC-d(62) monolayer that was prepared on a sucrose solution. The LB films consisted of the following phases: air/DPPC-d(62) + sucrose/sucrose/substrate (gold). The abstract spectra corresponding to "DPPC-d(62) + sucrose" and "sucrose" phases were successfully separated by PCA, and the absorbance change of sucrose in each phase was semiquantitatively calculated from the score. The absorbance change was experimentally confirmed with quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) experiments. In addition, minute water molecules that remained in the LB films after drying were readily detected from an abstract spectrum, and their binding site was found to be the phospholipid moiety in the head group of DPPC-d(62).
The TRPV4 cation channel (2010)

The skin barrier function is indispensable for terrestrial animals to avoid dehydration. The function is achieved by a hydrophobic cornified layer consisting of dead keratinocytes and lipids, and by an intercellular junction barrier formed among differentiated keratinocytes. A recent report demonstrated that TRPV4, one of the temperature-sensitive cation channels, contributes to the formation and maintenance of the intercellular junction-dependent barrier in the skin. TRPV4 associates with the E-cadherin complex via β-catenin, and thereby participates in the promotion of cell-cell junction development. TRPV4 allows influx of Ca(2+) ions from the extracellular space at physiological skin temperatures. The Ca(2+) influx induces Rho activation and promotes actin fiber organization and junction formation, thereby augmenting barrier integrity. Indeed, the intercellular junction structures and the skin barrier function were impaired in TRPV4-deficeint mice. This novel role of TRPV4 in keratinocytes may explain the significant correlation between temperature and the condition of skin.>
Avoiding Pitfalls When Using Information-Theoretic Methods (2002)

We offer suggestions to avoid misuse of information-theoretic methods in wildlife laboratory and field studies. Our suggestions relate to basic science issues and the need to ask deeper questions (4 problems are noted), errors in the way that analytical methods are used (7 problems), and outright mistakes seen commonly in the published literature (5 problems). We assume that readers are familiar with the information-theoretic approaches and provide several examples of misuse. Any method can be misused-our purpose here is to suggest constructive ways to avoid misuse.
Properties of a Permeation Barrier Material Deposited from Hexamethyl Disiloxane and Oxygen (2008)

We characterize a recently discovered material that forms an ultra-hermetic environmental barrier layer for the protection of organic light-emitting displays. The layer is deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) from the nontoxic precursor gases, hexamethyl disiloxane and oxygen. We measured the PE-CVD deposition rate, wet and dry etch rates, IR absorption spectrum, wetting contact angle with water, surface roughness and phase shift from atomic force microscopy, coefficient of thermal expansion, elastic modulus, critical tensile strain, indentation hardness, optical absorption spectrum, refractive index, relative dielectric constant, and electrical conduction, many over a range of PE-CVD conditions. The properties reflect a continuous transition from those of plasma-polymerized silicon to those of silicon dioxide prepared by thermal oxidation of silicon. In addition to low permeability, the critical strain, fracture toughness, thermal expansion coefficient, optical transmittance, and refractive index have values that are desirable in a hermetic encapsulant for organic light-emitting displays.
An artificial neural network-genetic based approach for time series forecasting (2002)

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a class of general optimization procedures randomized optimization heuristics based loosely on the biological paradigm of natural evolution. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are well established optimization procedures in the domains of pattern recognition and function approximation, whose properties and training methods have been well studied. Recently there has been some successful applications of ANNs in sequential decision making under uncertainty (or stochastic control), where one's goal is the cost-to-go or cost function, which evaluates and guides management or control decisions in an organization. In this work we report on the integration of GAs and ANNs in terms of a new paradigm, the genetic algorithm based neural networks, taking the advantages of both approaches for time series forecasting of sunspots, airlines and production yields.
State-of-the-Art Least Square Support Vector Machine Application for Accurate Determination of Natural Gas Viscosity (2013)

Estimation of the viscosity of naturally occurring petroleum gases is essential to provide more accurate analysis of gas reservoir engineering problems. In this study, a new soft computing approach, namely, least square support vector machine (LSSVM) modeling, optimized with a coupled simulated annealing technique was applied for estimation of the natural gas viscosities at different temperature and pressure conditions. This model was developed based on 2485 viscosity data sets of 22 gas mixtures. The model predictions showed an average absolute relative error of 0.26% and a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The results of the proposed model were also compared with the well-known predictive models/correlations available in the literature. It has been observed that the proposed model correctly captures the physical trend of changing the natural gas viscosity as a function of the temperature and pressure. Finally, sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the effect of the gas viscosity uncertainty on the cumulative gas production for a synthetic natural gas reservoir, using a numerical reservoir simulation. Results revealed that applications of LSSVM modeling can lead to a more accurate and reliable estimation of the gas viscosity over a wide range of reservoir conditions.