gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summarizing based on concept counting and hierarchy analysis (2003)

We put forward a new summarizing method based on concept counting and hierarchy analysis. By concept extraction and semantic analysis we developed an effective English text summarizing system. This system uses topic concepts to construct a Vector Space Model and partition semantic paragraphs. Combined with readability improvement, the abstract of a text is generated. This paper proposes the parameters to select topic concepts, and describes the detailed algorithm of concept hierarchy tree building, concept counting and its application in summarizing. The experiment result shows that compared to word counting, this new method has preferably improved the performance of the system, and it helps to solve the abstract distribution problem of multi-topic texts.
2-Substituted-1,3,4-oxa- and thia-diazoline-5-thiones (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2-Substituted-1,3,4-oxa- and thia-diazoline-5-thionesMAXIMO BARON and CHARLES V. WILSONCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1958, 23, 7, 1021–1023Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01101a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01101a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views270Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Research on UWB indoor positioning based on TDOA technique (2009)

Ultra wideband (UWB) wireless communication technology has been regarded as a very important way of indoor short distance, high speed transition at present. In this paper the system structures and working principles of indoor positioning using UWB are introduced. The basic location principles and realization ways based on TDOA (time-difference-of arrival) are discussed and a new method to estimate the value of TDOA is proposed. In the indoor positioning system, the content being transmitted are simple, the system complexity is low, and it is prone to link with other outdoor positioning system such as GPS to realize accurate positioning.
Life-Cycle Assessment and the Environmental Impact of Buildings: A Review (2009)

Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of various management tools for evaluating environmental concerns. This paper reviews LCA from a buildings perspective. It highlights the need for its use within the building sector, and the importance of LCA as a decision making support tool. It discusses LCA methodologies and applications within the building sector, reviewing some of the life-cycle studies applied to buildings or building materials and component combinations within the last fifteen years in Europe and the United States. It highlights the problems of a lack of an internationally comparable and agreed data inventory and assessment methodology which hinder the application of LCA within the building industry. It identifies key areas for future research as (i) the whole process of construction, (ii) the relative weighting of different environmental impacts and (iii) applications in developing countries.
Presence of autoantibody for phospholipase inhibitory protein, lipomodulin, in patients with rheumatic diseases. (1981)

The activity of phospholipase inhibitory protein, lipomodulin, partially purified from rabbit neutrophils, was markedly decreased after treatment with sera from patients with rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and dermatomyositis. The decrease of the protein's inhibitory activity on phospholipase A2 paralleled the amount of [35S]methionine-labeled lipomodulin precipitated by the sera. Absorption of patients' sera with anti-human IgM (mu chain) or protein A-agarose, but not with anti-human IgG (gamma chain), decreased their ability to decrease the activity of lipomodulin on phospholipase A2 or to precipitate the radioactive lipomodulin. The IgM fraction of patients' sera could precipitate [35S]methionine-labeled lipomodulin (40,000 daltons) which comigrated with highly purified lipomodulin on gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate. All of these observations suggest that the sera of many patients with rheumatic diseases contain autoantibody against lipomodulin. A monoclonal antibody against lipomodulin was also obtained. Stimulating human fibroblasts with bradykinin in the presence of monoclonal antilipomodulin antibody markedly enhanced arachidonic acid release due to the activation of phospholipase(s) in the intact cells, and this stimulatory effect was blocked by adding purified lipomodulin. These findings suggest that lipomodulin regulates the activity of phospholipase(s) on the cell surface and that autoantibodies against lipomodulin may play a role in certain symptoms of rheumatic diseases, especially by the formation of prostaglandins and other metabolites of arachidonic acid.
Eel calcitonin suppresses plasma human calcitonin levels in medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (1986)

The effects of synthetic [Asu1,7]-eel calcitonin (0.5 MRC unit/kg body weight intravenously for 30 min) on circulating levels of human calcitonin, calcium and gastrin were investigated in five patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Blood samples were obtained before and 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min after commencement of infusion of [Asu1,7]-eel calcitonin. Plasma levels of human calcitonin were measured by radioimmunoassay. Cross-reactivity with [Asu1,7]-eel calcitonin in this assay was negligible. On infusion of [Asu1,7]-eel calcitonin, the mean plasma level of human calcitonin decreased significantly to 71.0 +/- 8.7% of the basal level (mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.05) after 30 min and 68.4 +/- 25.4% of the basal level (P less than 0.05) after 60 min. The serum calcium level also decreased significantly, but lagged behind the decrease of human calcitonin, being 95.1 +/- 0.7% of the basal level (P less than 0.01) at 120 min and 94.8 +/- 0.6% of the basal level (P less than 0.02) at 180 min. The mean plasma gastrin level did not change significantly on infusion of [Asu1,7]-eel calcitonin. In pooled data for all times, the percentage change in human calcitonin was not significantly correlated with either the percentage change in calcium (r = -0.25, P greater than 0.1) or the percentage change in gastrin (r = -0.38, P greater than 0.1).
Designing services that deliver (1984)

OC may reduce the risk for stress fractures in female runners, but our data are inconclusive. Oligo/amenorrheic athletes with low bone mass should be advised to increase dietary calcium and take steps to resume normal menses, including weight gain; they may benefit from OC, but the evidence is inconclusive.
Nitrogen effects on sugar crops (1964)

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Synthesis and Characterization of Mesostructured Vanadium Oxide (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and Characterization of Mesostructured Vanadium OxideVittorio Luca, Dugald J. MacLachlan, James M. Hook, and Ray WithersCite this: Chem. Mater. 1995, 7, 12, 2220–2223Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00060a002https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00060a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views893Altmetric-Citations84LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ELI LILLY & COMPANY v JANSSEN ALZHEIMER IMMUNOTHERAPY (2013)

H1 Patent – European patent – Treatment for amyloidogenic diseases including Alzheimer’s disease – Revocation – Construction – “For use in preventing or treating a disease” – Criterion for assessing efficacy – Validity – Novelty – Obviousness – Role of secondary evidence – Added Matter – Insufficiency – Admissibility of evidence which post-dated patent application
Extracting quantitative information from single-molecule super-resolution imaging data with LAMA – LocAlization Microscopy Analyzer (2016)

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy revolutionizes cell biology research and provides novel insights on how proteins are organized at the nanoscale and in the cellular context. In order to extract a maximum of information, specialized tools for image analysis are necessary. Here, we introduce the LocAlization Microscopy Analyzer (LAMA), a comprehensive software tool that extracts quantitative information from single-molecule super-resolution imaging data. LAMA allows characterizing cellular structures by their size, shape, intensity, distribution, as well as the degree of colocalization with other structures. LAMA is freely available, platform-independent and designed to provide direct access to individual analysis of super-resolution data.
Relation between Morphology and Alternating Current Electrical Properties of Granular Metallic Films Close to Percolation Threshold (1996)

The purpose of this paper is to show how the low frequency electrical and dielectric properties may be related to the morphology of metallic thin films. To achieve this goal, we first summarize a recent comparative morphological study of granular gold films deposited on amorphous and polycrystalline substrates. Then we present unpublished measurement of the frequency-dependent conductivity of the same thin films samples in the range 102−106 Hz in the immediate vicinity of the percolation. These measurements indicate that the dispersion of the conductivity does not obey the classical percolation scaling laws. Taking advantage of our morphological study of these films, we show that it is possible to discuss the non-universality of the frequency variation of the electrical conductivity observed in these films in the framework of a new tunneling scaling law which depends on a morphology related tunneling factor and new scaling exponents.
PREMA: A Predictive Multi-Task Scheduling Algorithm For Preemptible Neural Processing Units (2020)

To amortize cost, cloud vendors providing DNN acceleration as a service to end-users employ consolidation and virtualization to share the underlying resources among multiple DNN service requests. This paper makes a case for a "preemptible" neural processing unit (NPU) and a "predictive" multi-task scheduler to meet the latency demands of high-priority inference while maintaining high throughput. We evaluate both the mechanisms that enable NPUs to be preemptible and the policies that utilize them to meet scheduling objectives. We show that preemptive NPU multi-tasking can achieve an average 7.8×, 1.4×, and 4.8× improvement in latency, throughput, and SLA satisfaction, respectively.
Single‐Photon Emission Computed Tomography of the Dopamine Transporter in Parkinsonism (1999)

The known dopaminergic abnormalities in Parkinson's disease have facilitated the development of radiolabeled biomarkers for diagnostic and research applications in humans. Presynaptic, intrasynaptic, and postsynaptic imaging now is possible using single-photon emission computed tomography. In particular, the development of new radiotracers that target the dopamine transporter located on degenerating dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease and related disorders is directly relevant to improved clinical diagnosis, disease monitoring, and assessment of putative neuroprotective strategies in patients. In addition, the ability to characterize in vivo neuronal degeneration in these disorders provides a powerful research tool to better understand the natural course of these disorders and could provide clues to etiology.
An Integrated Data-Driven Framework for Computing System Management (2009)

With advancement in science and technology, computing systems are becoming increasingly more complex with a growing number of heterogeneous software and hardware components. They are thus becoming more difficult to monitor, manage, and maintain. Traditional approaches to system management have been largely based on domain experts through a knowledge acquisition solution that translates domain knowledge into operating rules and policies. This process has been well known as cumbersome, labor intensive, and error prone. In addition, traditional approaches for system management are difficult to keep up with the rapidly changing environments. There is a pressing need for automatic and efficient approaches to monitor and manage complex computing systems. In this paper, we propose an integrated data-driven framework for computing system management by acquiring the needed knowledge automatically from a large amount of historical log data. Specifically, we apply text mining techniques to automatically categorize the log messages into a set of canonical categories, incorporate temporal information to improve categorization performance, develop temporal mining techniques to discover the relationships between different events, and take a novel approach called event summarization to provide a concise interpretation of the temporal patterns.
TopBP1 recruits Brg1/Brm to repress E2F1-induced apoptosis, a novel pRb-independent and E2F1-specific control for cell survival (2004)

TopBP1 (DNA topoisomerase IIbeta binding protein I) contains multiple BRCT domains and is involved in replication and the DNA damage checkpoint. Through its BRCT domain, TopBP1 interacts with and represses exclusively E2F1 but not other E2F factors. This regulation of E2F1 transcriptional activity is mediated by a pRb-independent, but Brg1/Brm-dependent mechanism. TopBP1 recruits Brg1/Brm, a central component of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex, to E2F1-responsive promoters and represses the activities of E2F1, but not E2F2 or E2F3. This regulation is crucial in the control of E2F1-dependent apoptosis during normal cell growth and DNA damage. Interestingly, TopBP1 is induced by E2F and interacts with E2F1 during G1/S transition. Thus, TopBP1 functions as a critical modulator and serves as a negative feedback regulator of E2F1 by inhibiting E2F1-dependent apoptosis during G1/S transition as well as DNA damage to promote cell survival.
Modified Lu-Lee cryptosystem (1985)

A modified Lu-Lee cryptosystem is proposed which appears to be resistant to the cryptanalytic attacks on the original Lu-Lee scheme. The data expansion due to encryption is moderate, and the size of the public key is also quite small.
Airborne gravity gradiometry (1994)

[Truncated] A thorough understanding of the properties of the gravity gradient tensor in its application to airborne surveying for prospecting has been developed. This has yielded a rich harvest of techniques for use in interpreting gravity gradient survey information, the value of which have been demonstrated in a series of simulations of gradient surveys over detailed three dimensional geological models. The understanding of the tensor properties leads to guidelines important in the development of the new gravity gradiometer instrumentation. <br/>The gravity gradient is a second rank tensor containing the second spatial derivatives of the gravity potential. It is consequently closely related to the second order associated Legendre functions and is a considerably more subtle and complex physical object than the gravity acceleration vector. Before developing an interpretation methodology for gradiometry, it is necessary to examine the special properties of the gradient tensor and to understand the special implications resulting from its nature and also to understand how information is contained within the tensor. If gradiometry is to become a tool for the exploration geoscientist then the information in the gradient must be readily extractable and interpretable.
Robustness to variability in project networks (2001)

Abstract Our aim in this paper is to highlight the relative impact of activity variability on the completion time of different project configurations. We show that there is, in general no categorical connection between the stage of a project in its life-cycle and the impact of increased activity variability on the expected remaining project duration. Thus investing resources to decrease activity variability is, in general, as important in the early stages of the project life-cycle as it is in the later stages. However, our analysis suggests that in projects with dominant critical paths, it pays to invest resources to reduce activity variability at an early stage rather than at a later stage in the project. We apply some of our analytical results to gain insights into the issue of structuring project activities into work packets and assigning the work packets to project teams. We extend our framework to examine different modes of subcontracting projects.
High performance ultra-wide bandwidth systems via novel pulse shaping and frequency domain processing (2003)

Ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) systems have emerged as a strong candidate for high-throughput short range wireless communications. Because of the UWB systems' fine time resolution properties, a large path diversity gain can be exploited. However, to exploit this path diversity gain while avoiding inter symbol interference between data bits, the repetition period of data-modulated pulses must be larger than the time delay spread of multipath fading channels. This significantly reduces the throughput of UWB systems (making it spectrally inefficient, e.g., 0.05 b/s/Hz). If a larger throughput is desired (e.g.. a throughput requiring information-bearing pulses separated by less than the time delay spread), the BER performance degrades rapidly. In this work, we propose a novel pulse waveform referred to as the carrier interferometry (CI) pulse waveform for use in UWB systems: CI supports significant increases fit throughput with negligible performance loss. Specifically, the CI pulse waveform corresponds to the superpositioning of N orthogonal subcarriers. At the receiver side, the received pulse is decomposed into its subcarriers and recombined to exploit diversity in the frequency domain. This frequency domain processing provides resistance to inter symbol interference (from data-modulated pulses positioned within the delay spread of the channel). As a direct result, much higher throughput is supported with small performance loss when CI pulse waveforms are employed. Simulation results over indoor channels confirm that the novel CI-UWB system is capable of significantly outperforming current UWB systems: at a fixed BER performance level of 10/sup -3/, the proposed system can provide up to 64 times the data rate of current time domain UWB systems.
Cytotoxic CD4+ T cells use granulysin to kill Cryptococcus neoformans, and activation of this pathway is defective in HIV patients (2006)

An important mechanism of host defense to Cryptococcus neoformans involves the direct microbicidal activity of lymphocytes. The importance of CD4+ T cells is illustrated by the incidence of this infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients; however, the relative activity of microbicidal CD4+ T cells compared with CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells has not been established. Further, although NK cells and CD8+ T cells use perforin or granulysin, respectively, to kill C neoformans, the effector molecule used by CD4+ T cells is not known. Experiments demonstrated that IL-2-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy adults acquire anticryptococcal activity, and surprisingly, that CD4+ T cells had the most profound effect on this activity. Using SrCl(2)induced degranulation and siRNA knockdown, granulysin was shown to be the effector molecule. Although activation by anti-CD3 + IL-2 resulted in the additional expression of perforin, this did not improve the anticryptococcal activity. Cryptococcal killing by CD4+ T cells was defective in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients due to dysregulated granulysin and perforin production in response to IL-2 or anti-CD3 + IL-2. In conclusion, CD4+ T cells are the major subset of cells responsible for killing C neoformans in peripheral blood. These cells use granulysin as the effector molecule, and priming is dysregulated in HIV-infected patients, which results in defective microbicidal activity.
Lost in translation? Chirality effects in the self-assembly of nanostructured gel-phase materials (2009)

Gel-phase materials are generated when molecular building blocks assemble into nanoscale architectures, usually 'one-dimensional' fibrils, which hierarchically assemble into bundles and subsequently form an entangled sample spanning network, capable of preventing the flow of bulk solvent. This tutorial review explores the vital role of chirality in gel formation. In particular, we focus on how fundamental self-assembly processes can translate molecular scale chiral information into nanoscale architectures, and then into the macroscopic behaviour of the gel. Chiral molecular gels have potential applications in nanofabrication and as addressable functional nanomaterials.
Target Antigen of Monoclonal Reagent S5.7: Comparison with T <sub>3</sub> Antigen (1983)

S5.7 recognizes a 20 kD cell surface protein which is present on T lymphocytes. S5.7 binds to a nonglycosylated protein, which can be labeled by cell-surface radioiodination and by a hydrophobic reagent [125I]-iodo-5-naphthyl-1-azide (INA). As the T-lymphocyte-specific T3 complex was found to contain a nonglycosylated 20 kD species, and since this 20 kD T3 form can be labeled preferentially by INA, a comparison between T3 and S5.7 was made. Isoelectric focusing experiments showed, however, that the two proteins are different. Moreover, the S5.7 monoclonal antibody does not block CML, is not mitogenic, reacts with immature cells of several hemopoietic lineages, and differs in that respect from anti-T3 monoclonal antibodies.