gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Noise-Tolerant Approach to Symbolic Learning from Sensory Data (1994)

This article presents a novel approach to noise-tolerant symbolic learning. The approach is applicable to many existing learning programs, and it has been implemented for the AQ-14 (rule learning) and C4.5 (decision tree learning) programs. In this approach, the system (1) acquires initial concept descriptions from pre-classified attributional training data, (2) optimizes concept descriptions to improve their descriptiveness, (3) applies optimized concept descriptions to filtrate initial training data, and (4) repeats the learning process from filtered data. This method outperforms the traditional open-loop, single step learning procedure when applied to the texture recognition problem of 12 classes and to the image annotation problem of natural scenes.
Detection of specific antibody in adult human periodontitis sera to surface antigens of Bacteroides gingivalis (1987)

Sera from adult periodontitis patients were analyzed for antibody activity against surface antigens of Bacteroides gingivalis by immunoblotting analysis.
Self-pumped phase conjugation in BaTiO_3 at 106 μm (1985)

We report the first observation to our knowledge of self-pumped phase conjugation in BaTiO(3) at 1.06 microm. An essential feature is the lower threshold external ring configuration rather than total internal reflection geometry. Although the product of incident power (1 W/cm(2)) and formation time (600 sec) is much larger than the corresponding values at 0.80 microm (0.15 W/cm(2); 120 sec), the effect was observed in two crystals purchased more than a year apart and poled at separate facilities.
The Reliability and Validity of the Cognitive Levels Test (CLT) for Preschool Children (1991)

The present study used a sample of thirty-two preschool children to evaluate the temporal stability and the concurrent validity of the Cognitive Levels Test (Algozzine, Eaves, Mann & Vance, 1988), which was recently developed as a cognitive assessment tool. The Stanford-Binet: Fourth Edition (SB:FE) (Thorndike, Hagen & Sattler, 1986) was used as the criterion instrument for the concurrent validity study. The results indicated good temporal stability for the CLT-Cognitive Index. In addition, high and significant correlations between the SB:FE and the CLT-Cognitive Index were found within the sample.
Laser Beam Analysis Using Image Processing (2006)

The laser beam profiles captured by CCD camera processed and analyzed by using 2D- graphic and displayed on the monitor. The analysis of the He-Ne profiles and laser diode profiles are presented. The results showed that the He-Ne laser emits a pure Gaussian beam, whereas the diode laser emits an elliptical beam shape. The laser beam profile analysis developed to study the intensity distribution, the laser power, number of modes and the laser beam, these parameters are quite important in many applications such as the medical, industrial and military. The analysis of the image profile can be used in determination the distance of the objects depending on the distribution of the spot contours of the laser beam with its width. As well as it can be used to capturing images to the objects and determining their distance and the shape of the objects.
Comparison between peroxidase-conjugated antigen or antibody and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex in a postembedding procedure. (1979)

The staining efficiency of peroxidase labeled immunoglobulin conjugate, used either as antigen or as antibody, has been compared with that of peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex (PAP) on ultrathin sections of araldite embedded material. The conjugate gave positive results in a two layer method as well as in a three layer method when used as antibody. No staining was observed when it was used as antigen. The conjugation seemed to impair the antigenic reactivity of immunoglobulin. The conjugate when used as antibody in the three layer method gave approximately the same staining efficiency as PAP.
Concurrent multipath transfer under delay-based dissimilarity using SCTP (2015)

Concurrent multipath transfer using the stream control transmission protocol (CMT-SCTP) enables multi-interface devices to send data simultaneously over multiple paths. The multipath transfer requires special handling in real life practice due to the different path characteristics, such as a path using 4G and a path using Wi-Fi. Moreover, for smartphones and other portable devices, the resources, such as the sender and receiver buffer are limited due to the short battery life. The buffer resource is common for all paths when working with the CMT-SCTP. In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of CMT-SCTP under the dissimilarity between the paths caused by the propagation delay with a common and a split buffer. We have applied the buffer splitting (CMT-RTTA) based on the round trip time (RTT), so that the paths with longer RTT (slow paths) occupy less buffer resource both at sender and receiver. In order to enhance the transmission throughput, we have also scheduled the transmissions based on the RTT value to the corresponding destination address. For the evaluation, the experiments are performed on a two-path and a four-path network. CMT-RTTA performs as good as the basic CMT-SCTP over a simple two-path setup, whereas, on a complex four-path setup, CMT-RTTA outperforms the CMT-SCTP.
Exposure to febrile temperature modifies endothelial cell response to tumor necrosis factor-α (2001)

Fever is an important regulator of inflammation that modifies expression and bioactivity of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Pulmonary vascular endothelium is an important target of TNF-alpha during the systemic inflammatory response. In this study, we analyzed the effect of a febrile range temperature (39.5 degrees C) on TNF-alpha-stimulated changes in endothelial barrier function, capacity for neutrophil binding and transendothelial migration (TEM), and cytokine secretion in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (EC). Permeability for [(14)C]BSA tracer was increased by treatment with TNF-alpha, and this effect was augmented by incubating EC at 39.5 degrees C. Treating EC with 2. 5 U/ml TNF-alpha stimulated an increase in subsequent neutrophil adherence and TEM. Incubating EC at 39.5 degrees C caused a 30% increase in TEM but did not modify the enhancement of neutrophil adherence or TEM by TNF-alpha treatment. Analysis of cytokine expression in EC cultures exposed to TNF-alpha at either 37 degrees or 39.5 degrees C revealed three patterns of temperature and TNF-alpha responsiveness. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-8 were not detectable in untreated EC but were increased after TNF-alpha exposure, and this increase was enhanced at 39.5 degrees C. IL-6 expression was also increased with TNF-alpha exposure, but IL-6 expression was lower in 39.5 degrees C EC cultures. Transforming growth factor-beta(1) was constitutively expressed, and its expression was not influenced either by TNF-alpha or exposure to 39.5 degrees C. These data demonstrate that clinically relevant shifts in body temperature might cause important changes in the effects of proinflammatory cytokines on the endothelium.
Mammographic Performance in a Population-based Screening Program: Before, during, and after the Transition from Screen-Film to Full-Field Digital Mammography (2014)

After the initial transitional phase from SFM to FFDM, population-based screening with FFDM is associated with less harm because of lower recall and biopsy rates and higher positive predictive values after biopsy than screening with SFM.
Amiodarone for Atrial Fibrillation (2007)

A 73-year-old man with coronary artery disease, hypertension, and renal insufficiency presents with recurrent, symptomatic atrial fibrillation despite a well-controlled ventricular rate. Amiodarone is recommended for rhythm control. Amiodarone is among the most effective antiarrhythmic agents, but its use is associated with potentially serious toxic effects — is it right for this patient?
Oblique propagation of groundwaves across a coastline - Part II (1963)

The amplitude and phase are calculated for oblique propagation across a coastline with a slopin g beach. In this case, the land and sea are taken to be plane surfaces and the beach slope is constant. It is shown that the refl ected wave may be quite significant and it has a fundamenta ll y different character from the reflected wave in the case of a flat-lying coastlin e.
Sex‐Linked differences in susceptibility of cynomolgus monkeys to type II collagen–induced arthritis. Evidence that epitope‐specific immune suppression is involved in the regulation of type II collagen autoantibody formation (1989)

To determine whether sex-linked factors are important in the susceptibility and resistance of cynomolgus monkeys to type II collagen-induced arthritis, we immunized 5 males and 10 females with chick type II collagen (CII) and studied their clinical and immune responses. All 10 females developed overt arthritis and produced antibodies to CII and cross-reactive antibodies to monkey type II collagen (MkII). In contrast, only 1 male monkey developed arthritis, which was transient and mild in severity. Examination of antisera obtained from the male monkeys disclosed high titers of antibody to CII, but little antibody to MkII. The cyanogen bromide peptide recognition patterns varied markedly from animal to animal, implying that monkeys are capable of recognizing multiple arthritogenic determinants on CII.
Centrode Patterns in the Lumbar Spine (1986)

Segmental spinal instability is a known cause of back pain, but no method of accurately quantifying instability exists. The movement of complex joints with rotational and translational components (such as the lumbar motion segment) is tracked by a pathway of instantaneous centers of rotation, or a centrode. Instability, ie, excessive and/or erratic movement, is reflected by increased centrode length in cadaver studies. This study describes an in vivo method that precisely determines the centrode pattern and reports the results for 21 normal male volunteers who were studied at the L4-5 and L5-S1 levels. Each volunteer underwent lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine. High speed films were used and six positions, from full extension to full flexion, were recorded. Acetate tracings and contour matching techniques recorded the relative positions of the vertebral bodies on each film. Multiple tracings of each radiograph, combined with a digitizer and computer, were used to improve precision in the calculated centrode patterns. Centrode lengths measured 43.7 mm and 55.9 mm, respectively, for the L4-5 and L5-S1 levels. This study demonstrates that precise centrode pattern analysis for sagittal plane motion of the lumbar spine is possible in vivo. Studies are under way to determine whether this technique will be useful as a clinical test in diagnosing early segmental instability of the lumbar spine in patients with low-back pain.
Simulation of Particle Incorporation during Electrodeposition Process (2005)

The primary and secondary current distributions for the particle incorporation process during electrocodeposition of a metal film were numerically studied. The growth of an electrodeposited film along the electrode is governed by the local current density that is affected by the presence of a nonconducting particle. It was assumed that the effect of lateral displacement of the fluid between a particle and an electrode is negligible. The level set method was used to track the moving interface as it grows around the particle, and the Laplace equation for the electrical potential was solved by a finite-element method. For a primary current distribution, voids beneath the particle are generated due to the characteristics of the potential distribution, so that the metallic film does not grow along the particle surface. The resistance increment due to the presence of the particle was compared for the cases of stationary and growing metallic films. A small void on top of the particle when incorporated by metal is observed with a secondary current distribution.
Intra-mode Dependent Coding Method for Image Compression (2009)

H.264/AVC based lossless image compression is a latest and extent technique for data compression. Block based intra-prediction is originally exploited in this extension. DPCM based intra-prediction is an outstanding technique to improve the compression ratio for this research area. In this paper, we propose an intra-mode dependent coding scheme to further improve the performance of DPCM-based compression technique. Different scan orders prior to entropy coding is considered to fit the various data attributes after predictions for different intra-modes.
NF‐κB‐ and c‐Jun‐dependent regulation of human cytomegalovirus immediate‐early gene enhancer/promoter in response to lipopolysaccharide and bacterial CpG‐oligodeoxynucleotides in macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 (2004)

The cytomegalovirus immediate‐early (CMV IE) gene enhancer/promoter regulates the expression of immediate‐early gene products and initiation of CMV replication. TNF‐α and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) strongly activate the promoter, possibly involving NF‐κB. CpG‐oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG‐ODNs), which contain unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in the context of particular base sequences, have gained attention because of their stimulating effects, via NF‐κB, which have a strong innate immune response. To study the effects of LPS and CpG‐ODNs, as well as the mechanisms of their actions regarding CMV IE enhancer/promoter activation, we used a macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. Stimulation of the cells with LPS or CpG‐ODNs resulted in the activation of the CMV IE enhancer/promoter. We examined the involvement of NF‐κB and c‐Jun transcription factors by promoter deletion/site‐specific mutation analysis and ectopic expression, and found them to have additive effects. Involvement of myeloid differentiation protein, an upstream regulator of NF‐κB and c‐Jun, was also investigated. Experimental results indicate that both LPS‐induced and CpG‐ODN‐induced activations of CMV IE enhancer/promoter are mediated by Toll‐like receptor signaling molecules. Several lines of evidence suggest the potential contribution of bacterial infection in CMV reactivation along with the potential application of CpG‐ODNs in gene therapy as a stimulator for the optimal expression of target genes under the control of the CMV IE enhancer/promoter.
Structure-Activity Studies of 3-Benzoylpropionic Acid Derivatives Suppressing Adjuvant Arthritis. (1992)

3-Benzoylpropionic acid derivatives possess an immunomodulative activity and suppress adjuvant arthritis. To understand how substituents affect the biological activity, the quantitative structure-activity relationships of 30 compounds were analyzed by the adaptive least-squares method. For the suppressing activity in rats, the electronic effects and the structural feature of the substituent on benzene ring were suggested to be important. To reinforce and confirm the correlation, 4 additional compounds of phenoxybutyric acid derivatives were synthesized and tested with the rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. These compounds were found to have potent suppressing activity.
Orderless Tracking through Model-Averaged Posterior Estimation (2013)

We propose a novel offline tracking algorithm based on model-averaged posterior estimation through patch matching across frames. Contrary to existing online and offline tracking methods, our algorithm is not based on temporally-ordered estimates of target state but attempts to select easy-to-track frames first out of the remaining ones without exploiting temporal coherency of target. The posterior of the selected frame is estimated by propagating densities from the already tracked frames in a recursive manner. The density propagation across frames is implemented by an efficient patch matching technique, which is useful for our algorithm since it does not require motion smoothness assumption. Also, we present a hierarchical approach, where a small set of key frames are tracked first and non-key frames are handled by local key frames. Our tracking algorithm is conceptually well-suited for the sequences with abrupt motion, shot changes, and occlusion. We compare our tracking algorithm with existing techniques in real videos with such challenges and illustrate its superior performance qualitatively and quantitatively.
<title>Rotary ultrasonic motors actuated by traveling flexural waves</title> (1999)

Efficient miniature actuators that are compact and consume low power are needed to drive space and planetary mechanisms in future NASA missions. Ultrasonic rotary motors have the potential to meet this NASA need and they are developed as actuators for miniature telerobotic applications. These motors have emerged in commercial products but they need to be adapted for operation at the harsh space environments that include cryogenic temperatures and vacuum and also require effective analytical tools for the design of efficient motors. A finite element analytical model was developed to examine the excitation of flexural plate wave traveling in a piezoelectrically actuated rotary motor. The model uses 3D finite element and equivalent circuit models that are applied to predict the excitation frequency and modal response of the stator. This model incorporates the details of the stator including the teeth, piezoelectric ceramic, geometry, bonding layer, etc. The theoretical predictions were corroborated experimentally for the stator. In parallel, efforts have been made to determine the thermal and vacuum performance of these motors. Experiments have shown that the motor can sustain at least 230 temperature cycles from 0 degree(s)C to -90 degree(s)C at 7 Torr pressure significant performance change. Also, in an earlier study the motor lasted over 334 hours at -150 degree(s)C and vacuum. To explore telerobotic applications for USMs a robotic arm was constructed with such motors.
Transimulation - Protein Biosynthesis Web Service (2013)

Although translation is the key step during gene expression, it remains poorly characterized at the level of individual genes. For this reason, we developed Transimulation - a web service measuring translational activity of genes in three model organisms: Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens. The calculations are based on our previous computational model of translation and experimental data sets. Transimulation quantifies mean translation initiation and elongation time (expressed in SI units), and the number of proteins produced per transcript. It also approximates the number of ribosomes that typically occupy a transcript during translation, and simulates their propagation. The simulation of ribosomes' movement is interactive and allows modifying the coding sequence on the fly. It also enables uploading any coding sequence and simulating its translation in one of three model organisms. In such a case, ribosomes propagate according to mean codon elongation times of the host organism, which may prove useful for heterologous expression. Transimulation was used to examine evolutionary conservation of translational parameters of orthologous genes. Transimulation may be accessed at http://nexus.ibb.waw.pl/Transimulation (requires Java version 1.7 or higher). Its manual and source code, distributed under the GPL-2.0 license, is freely available at the website.
[Cognitive function in eating disorders]. (2014)

Eating disorders are characterized by uncontrolled eating behaviors. The core psychopathology is expressed in a variety of ways: body image distortion, preoccupation with food and weight, fear of weight gain, and so on. Brain-imaging techniques provide many opportunities to study neural circuits related symptoms in eating disorder. The present article focuses studies about functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of eating disorders. Studies of anorexia nervosa suggest 1) relationship between amygdala activation and fear of weight gain, 2) relationship between prefrontal cortex activity and cognitive flexibility. Studies of bulimic eating disorder (bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and so on) suggest 1) relationship between brain reward system and overeating, 2) relationship between prefrontal cortex activity and impulse control.
Iterative sorting for four‐dimensional CT images based on internal anatomy motion (2008)

Current four-dimensional (4D) computed tomography (CT) imaging techniques using multislice CT scanners require retrospective sorting of the reconstructed two-dimensional (2D) CT images. Most existing sorting methods depend on externally monitored breathing signals recorded by extra instruments. External signals may not always accurately capture the breathing status and may lead to severe discontinuity artifacts in the sorted CT volumes. This article describes a method to find the temporal correspondences for the free-breathing multislice CT images acquired at different table positions based on internal anatomy movement. The algorithm iteratively sorts the CT images using estimated internal motion indices. It starts from two imperfect reference volumes obtained from the unsorted CT images; then, in each iteration, thorax motion is estimated from the reference volumes and the free-breathing CT images. Based on the estimated motion, the breathing indices as well as the reference volumes are refined and fed into the next iteration. The algorithm terminates when two successive iterations attain the same sorted reference volumes. In three out of five patient studies, our method attained comparable image quality with that using external breathing signals. For the other two patient studies, where the external signals poorly reflected the internal motion, the proposed method significantly improved the sorted 4D CT volumes, albeit with greater computation time.
The Alphanumeric Properties of Hyperpolygraphemic Oligosyllables (2011)

In a recent article in this journal (Word Ways, August 2003), Hugo Brandt Corstius examines the connection between the number of letters in a word and the number of syllables it contains. Basing his observations on Dutch, he coins the term 'oligosyllabic', which he defines as a word in which the number of letters is more than four times greater than the number of its syllables.
Detonation-Wave Technique for On-Load Deposit Removal From Surfaces Exposed to Fouling: Part I—Experimental Investigation and Development of the Method (1994)

The paper presents a description and results of the experimental research, development, and full-scale testing of a new technique for cleaning gas-swept surfaces exposed to fouling, such as found in boilers, furnaces, heat exchangers, reactors, and gas ducts, by means of detonation waves. Part I describes the principles and reports on experimental investigations and optimization of the technique. Part II reports on several years of experience in applying the technique in full-scale operation in two large coal-fired boilers. Experiments involved detailed measurements of the pressure wave characteristics at a laboratory-scale model of a boiler furnace at a range of operating conditions and produced necessary information for optimum design and operation of the detonation wave generator. The investigation enabled a close insight into the detonation and shock wave generation, their behavior during propagation through the connecting ducts, and attenuation in the inner space of the model furnace. A good indication has also been obtained of the wave impact and effects on deposit-removal from different packages of tube bundles, which were placed in the model boiler in order to mimic boiler heating surfaces.