gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tunable band-stop filter with combined Right/Left-Handed Transmission Line (2009)

In this paper, a tunable band-stop filter based on right-handed transmission lines (RHTLs) of low-pass characteristics and left-handed transmission lines (LHTLs) of high-pass characteristics are developed. This filter consists of a parallel connection of the RHTLs and LHTLs. Varactor diodes and chip inductors are used to make the unit cells of RHTLs and LHTLs. The cut-off point of the RHTLs becomes the lower cutoff frequency of the band-stop filter and the LHTL becomes the upper cut-off frequency. Therefore, upper and lower cut-off frequencies of the proposed band-stop filter can be controlled by the voltages of the varactor diodes, individually, and it is easy to change the center frequency and the bandwidth. The measured results of the tunable band-stop filter show a minimum bandwidth at 85.8% and a maximum at 133% from a center frequency of 600 MHz. While the minimum insertion losses at pass-band are -0.9 dB.
Optical noise estimation using direct measurement of constellation diagrams by linear optical sampling (2005)

Constellation diagrams of the electric field of optical sources are directly measured using linear optical sampling. The noise induced by the data modulator, amplified spontaneous emission and nonlinear propagation (i.e. Gordon-Mollenauer effect) are accurately characterized.
Proarrhythmia of Circumferential Left Atrial Lesions for Management of Atrial Fibrillation (2005)

(1) LA Flrs that are induced immediately after circumferential ablation for atrial fibrillation do not identify those patients who require a second ablation procedure for clinical LA Flr; (2) Since the majority of clinical LA Flrs spontaneously resolve, ablation of LA Flr should be postponed several months; and (3) new onset LA Flr after ablation for atrial fibrillation is likely a manifestation of the proarrhythmic effect of ablation lines in the LA.
Integrated torque sensor for e-bike motors (2015)

Hoganas AB develops and build motors for e-bikes and with the current legislation the e-bikes must be equipped with a torque sensor to measure the torque applied by the rider. The motor may only assist when the rider pedals and there is no throttle on e-bikes. Hoganas want to develop a torque sensor that is integrated in the e-bike motor. Physical sensing principles for measuring torque on e-bikes are evaluated and the currently used sensors and the competitors' solutions are analyzed. Two types of torque sensor concepts are developed and evaluated with FEA (Finite Element Analysis). One of the concepts is realized in a prototype for evaluation. To further evaluate if the prototype concept is feasible the noise levels in Hoganas e-bike motor was measured to estimate how the sensor will be affected. The specifications for a torque sensor is established with demands and desirable properties for an integrated torque measurement system.
Melanoma Prevention Using Topical PBISe (2011)

Malignant melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, known for its drug resistance and high metastatic potential. Deregulated PI3 and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways promote early melanocytic lesion development and confer drug resistance. No agent exists to target these deregulated pathways to prevent cutaneous noninvasive melanocytic cells or invasive melanomas from developing into more aggressive widely disseminated metastatic disease. In this study, a selenium containing isosteric analogue of PBIT [S, S'-1,4-phenylenebis(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-isothiourea] called PBISe [Se, Se'-1,4-phenylenebis(1,2-ethanediyl)bis-isoselenourea] is shown to moderate these 2 major signaling pathways to prevent cutaneous melanocytic lesion or melanoma development. Topical application of PBISe retarded melanocytic lesion development in laboratory-generated skin by 70% to 80% and in animal skin by approximately 50%. Mechanistically, prevention of lesion development occurred due to decreased Akt3 signaling, which increased MAP kinase pathway activity to inhibitory levels. The combined effect of targeting these pathways led to decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptotic cell death thereby preventing melanoma development. Thus, topically applied PBISe treatment has potential to prevent noninvasive melanocytic lesion and invasive metastatic melanoma development in skin.
Matrix Treatment of Nuclear Induction (1955)

By use of matrix notation, solutions of the Bloch equations may be kept in simple, manageable form even in the case of applied fields that are complicated functions of time. Effects that from the usual standpoint are grossly nonlinear appear as linear relations between matrices, of the same form that one encounters in simple radioactive decay problems. A general property of transients in the case of an arbitrary repetitive applied signal is established, and a formalism is set up in terms of which a large class of special problems may be solved.
Microstrip port design and sidewall absorption for printed rotman lenses (1989)

Microstrip Rotman lenses are multiple beam forming devices for antenna arrays. The research described here has investigated factors limiting the performance of microstrip lenses compared to parallel plate lenses. New techniques for sidewall absorption and lens port pointing have been identified and demonstrated.
A public key system with signature and master key functions (1999)

Let K be a finite field of 2m elements. Let Ø4Ø3Ø2Ø1be tame automorphisms of the n + r-dimensional affine space Kn+r . Let the composition Ø4Ø3Ø2Ø1 be π. The automorphism π and some of the Ø i ’S will be hidden. Let the component expression of π be . Let the restriction of π to a subspace be as . The field K and the polynomial map will be announced as the public key. Given a plaintext , then the ciphertext will be . Given Ø i and , it is easy to find . Therefore the plaintext can be recovered by . The private key will be the set of maps Ø4Ø3Ø2Ø1. The security of the system rests in part on the difficulty of finding the map π from the partial informations provided by the map and the factorization of the map π into a product (i.e., composition) of tame automorphisms Ø i 's.
Space-time tradeoff in regular expression matching with semi-deterministic finite automata (2011)

Regular expression matching (REM) with nondeterministic finite automata (NFA) can be computationally expensive when a large number of patterns are matched concurrently. On the other hand, converting the NFA to a deterministic finite automaton (DFA) can cause state explosion, where the number of states and transitions in the DFA are exponentially larger than in the NFA. In this paper, we seek to answer the following question: to match an arbitrary set of regular expressions, is there a finite automaton that lies between the NFA and DFA in terms of computation and memory complexities? We introduce the semi-deterministic finite automata (SFA) and the state convolvement test to construct an SFA from a given NFA. An SFA consists of a fixed number (p) of constituent DFAs (c-DFA) running in parallel; each c-DFA is responsible for a subset of states in the original NFA. To match a set of regular expressions with n overlapping symbols (that can match to the same input character concurrently), the NFA can require O(n) computation per input character, whereas the DFA can have a state transition table with O(2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sup> ) states. By exploiting the state convolvements during the SFA construction, an equivalent SFA reduces the computation complexity to O(p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> =c <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) per input character while limiting the space requirement to O(|Σ|×p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ×(n=p) <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sup> ) states, where Σ is the alphabet and c ≥ 1 is a small design constant. Although the problem of constructing the optimal (minimum-sized) SFA is shown to be NP-complete, we develop a greedy heuristic to quickly construct a near-optimal SFA in time and space quadratic in the number of states in the original NFA. We demonstrate our SFA construction using real-world regular expressions taken from the Snort IDS.
Effectiveness of dilute H2 plasmas in removing boron from Si after etching of HfO2 films in BCl3 plasmas (2005)

B Cl 3 -containing plasmas are used to etch HfO2, a high dielectric constant (“high-k”) material. We have investigated several plasmas for their effectiveness in cleaning boron from the underlying Si surface after BCl3 plasma etching of HfO2, while removing a minimum amount of Si. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with vacuum sample transfer was used for surface analysis. B cleaning was optimum in dilute H2 plasmas (in Ar) compared to pure H2 plasmas. Dilute H2 plasmas slowed B cleaning process to a controllable time. In a 1% H2–Ar plasma, 20s was required to clean ∼90% B from the surface after a 60s overetch of HfO2 in BCl3 plasmas. The Si substrate was etched &lt;3nm during this cleaning period, which was considerably suppressed comparing pure H2 plasma cleaning. Dilute I2 plasmas (in Ar) can also clean B from the Si surfaces in a short time (10s) but more Si substrate was etched compared to H2–Ar plasmas. BCl3–H2 plasmas deposited a thick B-containing layer on the Si surface instead of combining etching and cleaning into one step.
Characterization of the Nuclear Import Pathway for HIV-1 Integrase (2001)

The karyophilic properties of the human immunodeficiency virus, type I (HIV-1) pre-integration complex (PIC) allow the virus to infect non-dividing cells. To better understand the mechanisms responsible for nuclear translocation of the PIC, we investigated nuclear import of HIV-1 integrase (IN), a PIC-associated viral enzyme involved in the integration of the viral genome in the host cell DNA. Accumulation of HIV-1 IN into nuclei of digitonin-permeabilized cells does not result from passive diffusion but rather from an active transport that occurs through the nuclear pore complexes. HIV-1 IN is imported by a saturable mechanism, implying that a limiting cellular factor is responsible for this process. Although IN has been previously proposed to contain classical basic nuclear localization signals, we found that nuclear accumulation of IN does not involve karyopherins alpha, beta1, and beta2-mediated pathways. Neither the non-hydrolyzable GTP analog, guanosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate), nor the GTP hydrolysis-deficient Ran mutant, RanQ69L, significantly affects nuclear import of IN, which depends instead on ATP hydrolysis. Therefore these results support the idea that IN import is not mediated by members of the karyopherin beta family. More generally, in vitro nuclear import of IN does not require addition of cytosolic factors, suggesting that cellular factor(s) involved in this active but atypical pathway process probably remain associated with the nuclear compartment or the nuclear pore complexes from permeabilized cells.
Dedicated resource allocation for D2D communications in cellular systems employing FFR (2014)

A new dedicated resource allocation method for D2D communications in cellular systems employing fractional frequency reuse (FFR) is proposed in this paper. This method consists of three steps. For the first step, the permitted frequency resource set of each D2D link is determined. For the second step, a frequency resource assignment algorithm is proposed which takes both interference and load into considerations. For the third step, a slot resource scheduling algorithm is proposed which relies on the maximum weight independent set algorithm in the graph theory. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed method.
Toward Reliable Autonomous Robotic Assistants Through Formal Verification: A Case Study (2015)

It is essential for robots working in close proximity to people to be both safe and trustworthy. We present a case study on formal verification for a high-level planner/scheduler for the Care-O-bot, an autonomous personal robotic assistant. We describe how a model of the Care-O-bot and its environment was developed using Brahms, a multiagent workflow language. Formal verification was then carried out by automatically translating this model to the input language of an existing model checker. Four sample properties based on system requirements were verified. We then refined the environment model three times to increase its accuracy and the persuasiveness of the formal verification results. The first refinement uses a user activity log based on real-life experiments, but is deterministic. The second refinement uses the activities from the user activity log nondeterministically. The third refinement uses “conjoined activities” based on an observation that many user activities can overlap. The four samples properties were verified for each refinement of the environment model. Finally, we discuss the approach of environment model refinement with respect to this case study.
Contribution of Tropomyosin to Fish Muscle Gel Characteristics (1989)

ABSTRACT To determine the contribution of tropomyosin to fish muscle gel characteristics, the gel properties of the tropomyosin‐desensitized actomyosin system and of the tropomyosin‐myosin system were investigated. For both systems, the indices of gel properties decreased considerably on increasing the tropomyosin content. Even when the two‐step heating was carried out, the indices of gel properties decreased considerably on increasing the tropomyosin content. Tropomyosin negatively affected the gel formation of fish muscle and reduced the gel strength and elasticity of the fish muscle gels.
A cellular enhancer of retrovirus gene expression in embryonal carcinoma cells. (1987)

Murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells are refractory to infection by retroviruses because retroviral long terminal repeat (LTR) enhancers have little activity in EC cells. A previous report described the isolation of clonal EC cell lines that express the integrated neomycin-resistance gene (neo) linked to the Moloney murine leukemia virus LTR. The expression of the neo gene was explained by a cis-acting mechanism [Taketo, M., Gilboa, E. & Sherman, M. I. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 2422-2426]. From one such EC cell line, we isolated the flanking cellular sequence 5' to the proviral genome, ligated it to various test constructs, and transfected into the parental EC cells. The cellular sequence increased expression of the LTR-linked neo gene significantly, in a manner independent of its orientation and position. The neo mRNA was initiated at the bona fide promoter of the LTR. By deletion analyses, we defined a region of DNA essential for the enhancer activity and determined its sequence. This region contains distinctly characteristic stretches as well as some similarity to various viral and cellular enhancers. Thus the LTR-linked neo gene is expressed because the provirus is integrated in the vicinity of this enhancer that is active in undifferentiated EC cells.
Ultraviolet irradiation doses for coronavirus inactivation – review and analysis of coronavirus photoinactivation studies (2020)

<b>Background:</b> To slow the increasing global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, appropriate disinfection techniques are required. Ultraviolet radiation (UV) has a well-known antiviral effect, but measurements on the radiation dose necessary to inactivate SARS-CoV-2 have not been published so far. <b>Methods:</b> Coronavirus inactivation experiments with ultraviolet light performed in the past were evaluated to determine the UV radiation dose required for a 90% virus reduction. This analysis is based on the fact that all coronaviruses have a similar structure and similar RNA strand length. <b>Results:</b> The available data reveals large variations, which are apparently not caused by the coronaviruses but by the experimental conditions selected. If these are excluded as far as possible, it appears that coronaviruses are very UV sensitive. The upper limit determined for the log-reduction dose (90% reduction) is approximately 10.6 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> (median), while the true value is probably only 3.7 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup> (median). <b>Conclusion:</b> Since coronaviruses do not differ structurally to any great exent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus - as well as possible future mutations - will very likely be highly UV sensitive, so that common UV disinfection procedures will inactivate the new SARS-CoV-2 virus without any further modification.
Amorphous <inline-formula><math display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mi>TiAl</mi></mrow></math></inline-formula> films for micromirror arrays with stable analog deflection integrated on complementary metal oxide semiconductors (2008)

Large micromechanical mirror arrays (MMA) with analog pixel deflection integrated onto active CMOS address circuitry require both high-quality planar reflective optical surfaces and a stable deflection versus voltage characteristic. However, for implementing a CMOS-compatible surface-micromachining process, certain obstacles such as a restricted thermal budget and a limited selection of suitable materials must be overcome. Amorphous TiAl is presented as a new actuator material for monolithical MEMS integration onto CMOS circuitry. TiAl films may be sputter deposited at room temperature, have an x-ray amorphous structure, and a low stress gradient. The glassy structure and high melting point make TiAl less vulnerable to stress relaxation, which makes TiAl an ideal spring material. One-level actuators with TiAl or Al-TiAl-Al structural layers and two-level actuators with separate TiAl spring and Al-alloy mirror layers were fabricated and tested with respect to their drift stability. The stability of TiAl-based actuators was found to be superior in comparison to one-level Al-alloy actuators. Two-level actuators with TiAl hinges emerge as the most promising design.
Measuring the contribution of pharmacological treatment to advice to stay active in patients with subacute low-back pain: a randomised controlled trial (2005)

This drug-guidelines effectiveness trial showed a modest advantage of combined specific pharmacologic and non-pharmacological treatments on absolute improvement on the RDQ. A threefold reduction in the risk of chronicity was observed, an important goal in low-back pain guidelines.
A New White Type Multiple Pass Absorption Cell (1970)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. M. Pickett, G. M. Bradley, and H. L Strauss, "A New White Type Multiple Pass Absorption Cell," Appl. Opt. 9, 2397-2398 (1970) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
γ-<scp>l</scp>-Glutamyl-<scp>l</scp>-Dopa is a Dopamine Pro-Drug, Relatively Specific for the Kidney in Normal Subjects (1985)

gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-dopa was given by intravenous infusion to eight normal subjects at doses of 12.5 and 100 micrograms min-1 kg-1. Both doses of the dipeptide resulted in an increase in mean urinary sodium excretion. Mean effective renal plasma flow rose at both doses, but mean glomerular filtration rate increased only at the lower dose. There was a fall in mean plasma renin activity after the infusion of both 12.5 and 100 micrograms min-1 kg-1. Mean urine free dopamine excretion increased by 280- and 2500-fold at infusion rates of 12.5 and 100 micrograms min-1 kg-1 respectively. Mean plasma free dopamine rose at both doses but the increase at 12.5 micrograms min-1 kg-1 was not to a level previously associated with systemic effects of the catecholamine. On administration of the dipeptide at 12.5 micrograms min-1 kg-1 there were no changes in blood pressure or heart rate, but at the higher dose there was a fall in diastolic blood pressure. At a dose of 12.5 micrograms min-1 kg-1 in man, there is kidney specific conversion of gludopa to dopamine.
Continuous Gesture Segmentation and Recognition Using 3DCNN and Convolutional LSTM (2018)

Continuous gesture recognition aims at recognizing the ongoing gestures from continuous gesture sequences and is more meaningful for the scenarios, where the start and end frames of each gesture instance are generally unknown in practical applications. This paper presents an effective deep architecture for continuous gesture recognition. First, continuous gesture sequences are segmented into isolated gesture instances using the proposed temporal dilated Res3D network. A balanced squared hinge loss function is proposed to deal with the imbalance between boundaries and nonboundaries. Temporal dilation can preserve the temporal information for the dense detection of the boundaries at fine granularity, and the large temporal receptive field makes the segmentation results more reasonable and effective. Then, the recognition network is constructed based on the 3-D convolutional neural network (3DCNN), the convolutional long-short-term-memory network (ConvLSTM), and the 2-D convolutional neural network (2DCNN) for isolated gesture recognition. The “3DCNN-ConvLSTM-2DCNN” architecture is more effective to learn long-term and deep spatiotemporal features. The proposed segmentation and recognition networks obtain the Jaccard index of 0.7163 on the Chalearn LAP ConGD dataset, which is 0.106 higher than the winner of 2017 ChaLearn LAP Large-Scale Continuous Gesture Recognition Challenge.