gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasma based jet actuators for flow control (2012)

A set of plasma based jet actuators were designed for flow control applications. The characteristics of these actuators and their flow control applications were studied experimentally in a low speed wind tunnel. A dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) based jet actuator is designed, which is made of a covered cavity with two spanwise aligned parallel slots. Two-component particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were conducted to determine the effect of actuator in quiescent air and on a canonical zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer. It was found that the designed plasma jet actuator produced a transverse jet similar to a continuously blowing jet but with no mass addition into the flow field. The device is different from a traditional alternative blowing-and-suction synthetic jet as the current jet is continuously blown. As such, the DBD based jet actuator is different from either a mass injection blowing jet actuator or a traditional diaphragm based synthetic jet actuator. The impact of the actuation with the designed actuator on the boundary layer characteristics was investigated in detail at different Reynolds numbers. Circular cylinder wake flow control using a newly designed five-electrode plasma jet actuator is also presented in this thesis. This plasma actuator configuration mounted on the cylinder model can easily produce either a downward or upward jet into the flow around the circular cylinder by simply adjusting the same five electrodes’ electrical circuits. The experiments were performed at Reynolds numbers from 7,000 to 24,000. Wake profile measurements were made to evaluate the modification to the mean and fluctuation velocities in the cylinder wake. The results shown that the cylinder wake flow and the turbulence levels in the wake were modified under the actuations, sectional drag reduction and drag increment were obtained by different actuator actuation directions. The study suggested that this new designed five-electrode actuator can be applied to practical separation suppression or enhancement control by adjusting the plasma actuator electric circuits conveniently.
Modulation rate adaptation in urban and vehicular environments (2008)

Accurately selecting modulation rates for time-varying channel conditions is critical for avoiding performance degradations due to rate overselection when channel conditions degrade or underselection when channel conditions improve. In this paper, we design a custom cross-layer framework that enables (i) implementation of multiple and previously unimplemented rate adaptation mechanisms, (ii) experimental evaluation and comparison of rate adaptation protocols on controlled, repeatable channels as well as residential urban and downtown vehicular and non-mobile environments in which we accurately measure channel conditions with 100-μs granularity, and (iii) comparison of performance on a per-packet basis with the ideal modulation rate obtained via exhaustive experimental search. Our evaluation reveals that SNR-triggered protocols are susceptible to overselection from the ideal rate when the coherence time is low (a scenario that we show occurs in practice even in a nonmobile topology), and that "in-situ" training can produce large gains to overcome this sensitivity. Another key finding is that a mechanism effective in differentiating between collision and fading losses for hidden terminals has severely imbalanced throughput sharing when competing links are even slightly heterogeneous. In general, we find trained SNR-based protocols outperform loss-based protocols in terms of the ability to track vehicular clients, accuracy within outdoor environments, and balanced sharing with heterogeneous links (even with physical layer capture).
Facile Synthesis of (2-Benzimidazolyl)-1-azaazulenes, (2-Benzothiazolyl)-1-azaazulenes, and Related Compouds and Evaluation of Their Anticancer in vitro Activity (2008)

Facile syntheses of 2-, 3,- and 8-(2-benzimidazolyl)-1-azaazulenes (2a-c, 5, 7, 9) and 2-, 3-, and 8-(2-benzothiazolyl)-1-azaazulenes (13b-c, 16, 17, 18) were achieved by the condensation of corresponding 1-azaaazulene- carbaldehydes with o-phenylenediamine and 2-aminothiophenol in alcoholic solvents at rt or under reflux under airobic conditions. Reaction of 1-azaazulenecarbaldehyds with 2-aminophenol gave Schiff's bases (10a-c, 11, 12). Reaction of 2-chloro-1-azaazulene-3-carbaldehyde (1a) with 2-amino- thiophenol in refluxing 1-BuOH gave benzothiazapine-fused 1-azaazulene (20). Reaction of 4-amino-3-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazoles (21a-d) with in refluxing 1-BuOH gave triazolothiadizapine-fused 1-azaazulene (22a-d). The structure of trifluolomethyl derivative (22c) was determined by X-ray structure analysis. 3-(2-Benz- imidazolyl)-2-chloro-1-azaazulene (2a) showed anticancer activity against HeLa S3 cells (IC50: 5.3 µM).
Australian English in Asia (1996)

There is a vast difference in the English language spoken in Australia and in Asia. This article explains the emergence of the Australian English language in the Asian continent.
Review of Feature Extraction Techniques in Automatic Speech Recognition (2013)

Speech has evolved as a primary form of communication between humans. The advent of digital technology, gave us highly versatile digital processors with high speed, low cost and high power which enable researchers to transform the analog speech signals in to digital speech signals that can be scientifically studied. Achieving higher recognition accuracy, low word error rate and addressing the issues of sources of variability are the major considerations for developing an efficient Automatic Speech Recognition system. In speech recognition, feature extraction requires much attention because recognition performance depends heavily on this phase. In this paper, an effort has been made to highlight the progress made so far in the feature extraction phase of speech recognition system and an overview of technological perspective of an Automatic Speech Recognition system are discussed.
Hexanol: a potent attractant for the black fig fly, <i>Silba adipata</i> (1984)

Abstract Hexanol was the only field attractant for the black fig fly, Silba adipata , among seven generally‐occurring plant volatiles tested. This leaf alcohol, dispensed in polyethylene vials inside clear invaginated McPhail traps suspended on fig trees, captured 60 flies/trap/day with a 3:1 ratio of females to males. Hexanol alone was just as effective an attractant as a 2% ammonium sulpate solution but much more selective in attracting S. adipata . However, the combination of hexanol with ammonium sulphate captured three times as many S. adipata as either attractant alone. Zusammenfassung Hexanol: ein wirksamer Lockstoff für die Schwarze Feigenfliege , Silba adipata Von sieben verschiedenen, weit verbreiteten, getesteten pflanzlichen Duftstoffen war Hexanol der einzige eindeutig wirksame Lockstoff für die Schwarze Feigenfliege, Silba adipata McAlpine (Diptera, Lonchaeidae). In Feigenbäumen aufgehängte McPhail Fallen, welche durch Verdunsten dieses Alkohols aus einem in ihrem Innern aufgehängten Polyethylenfläschchen geködert waren, fingen im Durchschnitt 60 Fliegen/Falle/Tag in einem Verhältnis von ca. 3 Weibchen zu 1 Männchen. Hexanol war gleich wirksam wie eine 2% Ammoniumsulfat‐Lösung, jedoch selektiver für S. adipata . Die Kombination beider Substanzen fing dreimal mehr S. adipata Fliegen als jede Substanz allein.
Antenna and wave theories of infinite yagi-uda arrays (1965)

An integral equation for the propagation constant along an infinitely long Yagi structure is derived by expanding the vector potential function for such an array in terms of the spatial harmonic solutions of wave theory. This equation is shown to be identical with the integral equation derived on the basis of array theory and transformed by the Poisson summation formula. With the identity of array theory and this new wave theory formation established, the wave theory is used to discuss allowed wave solutions and the physical characteristics required of dipoles in order that they support a wave solution. The fundamental integral equation is solved by means of the array theory of King and Sandler; the numerical results are found to agree quite well with previously published data. Finally, the problem of two parallel nonstaggered Yagi arrays is considered, and it is shown that the propagation constant of the composite structure either decreases or increases over that of the isolated array depending upon whether the symmetric or the antisymmetric mode is excited. Some peculiar effects are noted with respect to this antisymmetric solution, and these lead to the existence of conditions under which no unattenuated wave solution is possible. This is referred to as the "cutoff condition." Numerical results are achieved which agree very well with experimental data obtained as part of this research.
Speech and speaker recognition for home automation: Preliminary results (2015)

In voice controlled multi-room smart homes ASR and speaker identification systems face distance speech conditions which have a significant impact on performance. Regarding voice command recognition, this paper presents an approach which selects dynamically the best channel and adapts models to the environmental conditions. The method has been tested on data recorded with 11 elderly and visually impaired participants in a real smart home. The voice command recognition error rate was 3.2% in off-line condition and of 13.2% in online condition. For speaker identification, the performances were below very speaker dependant. However, we show a high correlation between performance and training size. The main difficulty was the too short utterance duration in comparison to state of the art studies. Moreover, speaker identification performance depends on the size of the adapting corpus and then users must record enough data before using the system.
Lymphostin (LK6-A), a Novel Immunosuppressant from Streptomyces sp. KY11783: Taxonomy of the Producing Organism, Fermentation, Isolation and Biological Activities. (1997)

In the course of screening for inhibitors of the lymphocyte kinase, Lck (p56lck), aiming at novel immunosuppressants, we isolated a novel alkaloid, lymphostin (LK6-A), from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. KY11783. Lymphostin was produced in a fermentation medium supplemented with a highly porous polymer resin, which prevented the degradation of this compound in the culture broth. Lymphostin inhibited the kinase activity of Lck with an IC50 value of 0.05 microM, and exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) with an IC50 value of 0.009 microM.
Geospatial Strategy for Assessment of Urban Change Dynamics using LISS III-Sensor (2014)

The process of urbanization is an uninterrupted global phenomena driven by population growth for livelihood as well as human development. The term urbanization can represent the level of urban relative to overall population, or it can represent the rate at which the urban proportion is increasing. The problem of urban sprawl in developing countries like India is more alarming, where the population is migrating towards cities for urban facilities and exerting heavy pressure on available natural resources. Proper planning and management are required for dealing with the problems of urban sprawl and unsustainable use of natural resources. Now a days, the urban population growth and urban-sprawl induced land use changes coupled with industrial development can be easily monitored using RS and GIS. The analytical tools of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System are now providing advanced techniques for urban population growth management. With the help of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System the spatial and temporal changes in the pattern of urban sprawl and their analysis could be done in efficient and cost effective manner. By comparing the satellite images of different years, the change in the urban area can be easily observed. The present study focuses on the nature and pattern of urban expansion of Ranchi city over its surrounding region during the period from 1996 to 2007. The result of the work shows a rapid growth in built-up from 1996 to 2007. Multi temporal satellite data sets of Ranchi area for 1996, 2004 and 2007 are used to detect land use land cover changes. During the period of 13 years the change in land resources shrinkage and transformation is detected by the use of remote sensing and GIS.
Characterization of Sputtered Lead-Zirconate-Titanate Thin Films with Various Compositions (1999)

Sputtered Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) thin films with various compositions were characterized. Comparing sputtered PZT films with sol-gel PZT films, it was found that the film composition can be approximately estimated from the distance of the PZT (100) lattice plane. The sputtered PZT thin films with a Ti-rich phase showed excellent ferroelectric properties. The remanent polarization density, the coercive field and the saturation voltage of 300-nm-thick PZT capacitors with Zr/Ti=35/65 were 42 µC/cm 2 , 46 kV/cm and 3.2 V, respectively. Those of 300-nm-thick PZT capacitors with Zr/Ti=30/70 were 42 µC/cm 2 , 48 kV/cm and 2.5 V, respectively. The polarization retention properties of PZT capacitors with a Ti-rich phase are outstanding, and the value of the retained polarization density after 10 years is expected to be larger than 40 µC/cm 2 .
Thin-film magnetoresistive heads for narrow-track Winchester applications (1986)

The characteristics of a thin-film magnetoresistive head for narrow track Winchester applications are presented and contrasted to those for a comparable thin-film inductive head. Emphasis is placed upon establishing the repeatibility of the magnetoresistive head output and the unique characteristics associated with a write-wide/read-narrow transducer in a narrow-track environment. Off-track overwrite and cross-talk measurements as well as saturation and density measurements are presented for longitudinal recording on thin-film metal media. The suitability of the parametrics (including second harmonic produced peakshift) for high areal density recording is discussed. Finally, the potential of using a MR head in connection with vertical recording media is explored from the standpoint of output, density, and overwrite.
α11 integrin stimulates myofibroblast differentiation in diabetic cardiomyopathy (2012)

Interactions between α11 integrins and the Smad-dependent TGF-β2 signalling may contribute to the formation of pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts and the development of a fibrotic interstitium in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Automatic Control and Simulation of an Overhead Crane’s Travel System (2016)

A low level of automation, low accuracy of control, and high dependence on operator proficiency are general deficiencies of traditional overhead cranes. In order to improve the level of automation of overhead cranes, genetic algorithms and the grid method were applied to plan the global path of an overhead crane in a static environment. An automatic travel control system for an overhead crane was designed on the soft PLC platform CoDeSys. A slip control variable frequency regulating system was used to guarantee the accuracy of the travel system. A Simulink model of the slip control variable frequency regulating system was built with parameters optimized, and the control signal generated by the PLC was input into the model to conduct the simulation, which verified the feasibility of automation and the accuracy of the control system.
Modafinil in Diurnal Sleepiness. A Study of 123 Patients (1994)

The efficacy of modafinil, a psychostimulant drug acting on postsynaptic alpha-1 adrenergic receptors, as a treatment for excessive daytime sleepiness was studied in 123 patients. Subjects included 94 narcoleptic patients (76 with cataplexy), 23 hypersomnia patients and 6 patients with disrupted nocturnal sleep (DNS) and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Clinical efficacy of the treatment on each symptom (EDS, cataplexy and DNS) was evaluated on a four-point scale from excellent to absent. The effectiveness of modafinil as a treatment for EDS was excellent in 17% of all patients, good in 63%, fair in 17% and absent in 3%. The incidence of side effects was rather low (14 of 123 patients) and most of them disappeared (11 patients) when doses were reduced.
Controlled reduction of palladium nanoparticles on surface of chemically modified silicas (2011)

Abstract The reduction of palladium ions by silicon hydride groups grafted to the surface of silica matrices was applied for the synthesis of palladium‐containing nanocomposites. Ordered mesoporous silicas, such as MCM‐41 and SBA‐15, along with silochrom type silica were used as supports for palladium nanoparticles in order to obtain encapsulated in pores metal particles. The synthesized nanocomposites have been studied by IR‐spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, low‐temperature nitrogen adsorption and transmission electron microscopy. Die Reduktion von Palladiumionen durch Siliciumhydrid‐Gruppen an der Oberfläche einer Silikatmatrix wurde für die Synthese von Palladium‐haltigen Nanokompositen eingesetzt. Geordnete mesoporöse Silikate wie MCM‐41 oder SBA‐15 wurden gemeinsam mit silochromen Silikattypen als Träger für die Palladiumnanopartikel genutzt, um sie in Metallporen einzuschließen. Die synthetisierten Nanopartikel wurden mit IR‐Spektroskopie, Röntgenbeugung, Tieftemperaturstickstoffadsorption und Transmissionselektronen‐Mikroskopie untersucht.
<b>New Aromatic Anions. III. Molecular Orbital Calculations on Oxygenated Anions</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew Aromatic Anions. III. Molecular Orbital Calculations on Oxygenated AnionsRobert. West and David L. PowellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 17, 2577–2579Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00900a010https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00900a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views658Altmetric-Citations111LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An oblivious robust digital watermark technique for still images using DCT phase modulation (2002)

Digital watermarking is the process of secretly embedding a short sequence of information inside a digital source without changing its perceptual quality. We present a new oblivious digital watermarking method for copyright protection of still images. The technique is based on modifying the sign of a subset of low frequency DCT magnitude coefficients. The robustness to a number of standard image processing attacks is demonstrated using the criteria of the latest Stirmark test.
The outer membrane proteins of the fish pathogens<i>Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas salmonicida</i>and<i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> (1985)

Abstract The profiles of the outer membrane proteins contained many major proteins and were markedly different in a number of Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from various origins. In contrast, the profiles of outer membrane proteins in Aeromonas salmonicida from different sources were identical and quite different from those of A. hydrophila . In the strains of Edwardsiella tarda tested, protein components in the outer membrane were quite similar. 2 Major proteins, of 36 and approx. 46 kDa, were found in the outer membrane. Major proteins in A. hydrophila and A. salmonicida were detected in the 32–36 kDa range, as observed in many Enterobacteriaceae. In all strains tested, several 68–90 kDa polypeptides appeared in the outer membrane during iron starvation.
Quantitative Evaluation of Scratch Behavior for Polymeric Materials (2009)

Recent research issues on the scratch behaviors of polymeric materials has been investigated. In this study, the scratch characterization of polymeric materials with respect of experimental parameters, such as nature of the material, temperature, applied load, test speed, surface treatment, scratch number of times, polymer structure/functional groups, degree of cross-linking, and crystallinity, are reviewed. In addition, the testing standards and methodologies which could quantify the scratch behaviors are introduced and the current international standards are compared and summarized. The latest technical approaches for evaluating the scratch behaviors and improving the scratch resistance of polymers are also discussed.
Comparison of lipid composition of<i>Candida guilliermondii</i> grown on glucose, ethanol and methanol as the sole carbon source (1979)

The carbon and energy source for aerobically grown cultures of Candida guilliermondii profoundly influenced the neutral lipid content and the fatty acid composition of the individual lipid components. Methanol (0.80%, w/v) grown cells cultivated at 30 C in presence of 0.025% ammonium sulfate contained 12% total lipids, 67% of which was neutral lipids. Glucose (0.74%), w/v) or ethanol (0.53%, w/v) grown cells contained 21--22% total lipids, 80% of which was neutral lipids, under the same conditions. Methanol-grown cells contained a decreased 18:1 acid (52--54% of total fatty acids) and an increased 18:2 acid (23--25%), as compared with glucose- or ethanol-grown cells which contained 57--66% 18:1 acid and 8--14% 18:2 acid, in both neutral and polar lipid fractions. The relationship between methanol metabolism and desaturation of fatty acid in yeast was discussed.
Atriopeptins: renal-specific vasodilators in conscious dogs (1985)

Conscious dogs were instrumented to study the effects of atriopeptins (I, II, III) on renal, iliac, mesenteric, and coronary blood flow. Intravenous injection of atriopeptins II and III caused a dose-related increase in renal blood flow, whereas atriopeptin I had no effect. Atriopeptins II and III at 5 micrograms/kg increased renal blood flow 27 +/- 5.0% from 252 +/- 29 ml/min and 18 +/- 2.9% from 238 +/- 32 ml/min and reduced renal vascular resistance 24 +/- 3.2% from 0.431 +/- 0.048 mmHg X ml-1 X min and 15.1 +/- 1.2% from 0.443 +/- 0.023 mmHg X ml-1 X min, respectively. Atriopeptin I, II, or III exerted no significant effect on systemic arterial pressure, heart rate, coronary, mesenteric, or iliac blood flows. Doses of nitroglycerin (25 micrograms/kg) that increased renal blood flow (28 +/- 5.0%) to a degree comparable to atriopeptins II and III also caused increases in coronary, iliac, and mesenteric blood flows and produced falls in systemic blood pressure and a reflex tachycardia. Thus in the conscious dog, atriopeptins II and III are potent selective renal vasodilators that do not exhibit systemic hemodynamic effects in contrast to nitroglycerin, a nonselective vasodilator. Cleavage at the carboxy terminal end of these peptides to yield atriopeptin I abolishes the renal vasodilator action entirely.