gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reflections on NoteCards: seven issues for the next generation of hypermedia systems (1988)

NoteCards, developed by a team at Xerox PARC, was designed to support the task of transforming a chaotic collection of unrelated thoughts into an integrated, orderly interpretation of ideas and their interconnections. This article presents NoteCards as a foil against which to explore some of the major limitations of the current generation of hypermedia systems, and characterizes the issues that must be addressed in designing the next generation systems.
Simultaneous Detection of <i>Salmonella</i> Strains and <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 with Fluorogenic PCR and Single-Enrichment-Broth Culture (2000)

A multiplex fluorogenic PCR assay for simultaneous detection of pathogenic Salmonella strains and Escherichia coli O157:H7 was developed and evaluated for use in detecting very low levels of these pathogens in meat and feces. Two sets of primers were used to amplify a junctional segment of virulence genes sipB and sipC of Salmonella and an intragenic segment of gene eae of E. coli O157:H7. Fluorogenic reporter probes were included in the PCR assay for automated and specific detection of amplified products. The assay could detect <10 CFU of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or E. coli O157:H7 per g of meat or feces artificially inoculated with these pathogens and cultured for 6 to 18 h in a single enrichment broth. Detection of amplification products could be completed in </=4 h after enrichment.
ChemInform Abstract: Improved Terbium‐Activated Single‐Crystal Phosphor for Head Up Display Cathode Ray Tube. (1988)

Abstract New efficient Ga3+‐substituted single‐crystal phosphors of composition (I) are grown epitaxially on a Y 3 Al 5 O 12 substrate.
An Efficient VLSI Architecture of a Layered Space-Time Receiver (2007)

This paper presents a practical implementation of a layered space-time (LST) receiver targeting a Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA. The architecture is based on multipass burst processing, and includes burst buffers for each antenna, channel parameter estimation modules exploiting a training sequence, and a simple matrix inversion adaptation mechanism. LST architectures involve significant implementation complexity and various refinements have been proposed in the literature to mitigate this aspect. Our receiver is based on novel modifications to the standard LST algorithm which enable unprecedented implementation simplicity, avoiding complex operations such as divisions and square roots, while suffering a negligible BER degradation.
Novel Heat Durable Electromechanical Films: Cellular Film Making From Cyclic Olefien Polymers (2006)

A cellular electromechanical film has been developed from both, cyclo-olefin polymer (COP) and cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC). Cyclic olefins are thermally more durable than polypropylene (PP), which is the basis for the existing electromechanical film. This paper concentrates on studying cellular film making of the electromechanical film from cyclo-olefin compounds and a mineral filler. Due to the stiffness of the COP and COC as well as challenging film processing, the high temperature grade of cyclo-olefins were blended with a lower temperature polymer in different ratios in order to increase the film for inability in solid state processing. The effect of a blended polymer and its ratio in the manufactured compounds was studied from the cast films by a dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). The blends were extruded in to a form of a cast film and drawn biaxially using a laboratory scale stretcher or sequentially on a small pilot line in MD and consequently using an Instron extensometer in TD. One COP based blend manufactured was drawn in TD on a small pilot line stenter to demonstrate film making on a film line similar to commercial film making units. Voided structure of the biaxially drawn films was improved by a gas diffusion expansion treatment and evaluated from scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs. Film samples were electrostatically charged and metallized and consequently, the level of the electromechanical sensitivity was measured from these blend based films by a dynamical method. It was shown that a cellular electromechanical film with an electromechanical coefficient around 10-15 pC/N durable at high temperatures of around 80-110/spl deg/C, can be manufactured from the COP and the COC based blends.
Connectionless access for mobile cellular networks (2015)

The traffic characteristics of Internet of Things and machine type devices differ significantly from that of smart phone applications. The connection oriented approach in Long Term Evolution (LTE) that involves establishing a bearer prior to data transmission is inefficient for small burst traffic because of the signaling involved. We propose a connectionless access method for efficient small burst transmission for future cellular networks. With the proposed protocol for connectionless access, over-the-air signaling can potentially be reduced substantially while meeting the security requirements of mobile networks.
Quality of IS in Services: Theory of Constructs for Service, Information, and System (2008)

In this paper, we investigate the theoretical inter-relationships among three important information systems (IS) quality constructs: information quality, system quality, and service quality. DeLone and McLean formulated information quality and system quality in their 1992 IS Success Model. Following suggestions from later IS service quality studies DeLone and McLean (2003) added service quality to form a triumvirate. Unfortunately, this addition has unintentionally revealed the overall lack of integrated and consistent theorization of the relationships between different IS quality constructs in IS studies to date. To address part of the research gap, we apply a marketing exchange perspective to examine how information quality, system quality, and service quality can be inter-related with each other under different service contexts involving IS. Finally, an integrated IS quality model is proposed for empirical testing. We hope this study can contribute toward coherent theory development of integrating IS quality elements.
Screening of <i>BRCA1</i> Mutation Using Immunohistochemical Staining with C‐Terminal and N‐Terminal Antibodies in Familial Ovarian Cancers (2000)

We examined the subcellular localization of BRCA1 proteins using immunohistochemical staining with C-terminal (GLK-2 antibody) and N-terminal (Ab-2 antibody) monoclonal antibodies in 44 familial ovarian cancers. Among these, 24 cases were associated with 13 independent germ-line mutations of BRCA1, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at one or more BRCA1 microsatellite markers was found in all 21 informative tumors tested. With GLK-2 antibody, cytoplasmic staining was observed in 15 of 16 tumors (93.8%) with mutation in exon 11, and BRCA1 staining was absent in 8 of 8 tumors (100%) with mutation in exons other than exon 11. When immunohistochemical staining was performed with Ab-2 antibody, both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining were observed in 14 of 16 tumors (87.5%) with mutation in exon 11. Interestingly, nuclear staining was observed in 3 of 3 tumors (100%) with mutation downstream of exon 11, even though no staining was detected in 5 of 5 tumors (100%) with mutation upstream of exon 11. On the other hand, in familial ovarian cancers without BRCA1 mutations, nuclear staining or both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining was observed in 18 of 20 specimens (90%) and 20 of 20 specimens (100%) with GLK-2 antibody and with Ab-2 antibody, respectively. These results suggest that an immunohistochemical assay in combination with employing the C-terminal and the N-terminal antibodies appears to have potential as a reliable and useful technique for the screening of BRCA1 mutations, at least to predict the status of mutation, upstream or downstream of exon 11.
High-Quality Face Capture Using Anatomical Muscles (2018)

Muscle-based systems have the potential to provide both anatomical accuracy and semantic interpretability as compared to blendshape models; however, a lack of expressivity and differentiability has limited their impact. Thus, we propose modifying a recently developed rather expressive muscle-based system in order to make it fully-differentiable; in fact, our proposed modifications allow this physically robust and anatomically accurate muscle model to conveniently be driven by an underlying blendshape basis. Our formulation is intuitive, natural, as well as monolithically and fully coupled such that one can differentiate the model from end to end, which makes it viable for both optimization and learning-based approaches for a variety of applications. We illustrate this with a number of examples including both shape matching of three-dimensional geometry as as well as the automatic determination of a three-dimensional facial pose from a single two-dimensional RGB image without using markers or depth information.
Corticotropin releasing hormone and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the regulation of inflammatory arthritis. (1993)

Hypothalamic secretion of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) triggers the secretion of pituitary ACTH and antiinflammatory adrenal corticosteroids. CRH is also secreted in local inflammatory sites such as the arthritic joint, but its action appears to be proinflammatory. This review notes the complex interrelationships of the nervous, endocrine, immune and inflammatory systems and suggests that abnormalities in these interactions may play a role in susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and various animal models of autoimmune diseases.
A 50 Mbit/s iterative turbo-decoder (2002)

Very low bit error rate has become an important constraint in high performance communication systems that operate at very low signal to noise ratios: due to their impressive coding gains, turbo codes have been proposed for several applications, although they suffer a large decoding delay. This paper presents the design of a turbo decoder with high performances in terms of throughput implemented using TSPC (true single phase clocking) logic family. In order to achieve the best compromise between cost (in terms of area) and throughput, several architectural solutions have been analyzed. The whole system and in particular its core, the SISO module, has been verified through VHDL simulations. HSPICE simulations show that the system can operate with a 1 GHz clock and thus it can reach a throughput of 50 Mbit/s.
Coordinate loss of growth regulatory factors following castration of rats carrying the Dunning R3327 G prostatic tumor. (1992)

Hormonal manipulation of prostate cancer is an effective therapy for metastatic disease. Unfortunately, following an initial response tumors reestablish themselves as hormone independent variants and progress. This study was designed to assess the interrelationship of cytokeratin P (Cyto P), vimentin, epidermal growth factor receptor (rEGF) and tissue testosterone following androgen deprivation therapy. Animals bearing the hormone dependent Dunning R3327 G subline prostatic adenocarcinoma were surgically castrated and progressing tumors from both hormone intact and castrated groups were quantitatively assayed for immunohistologic reactivity against the described markers. The results demonstrate a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in cytokeratin (Cyto P), rEGF and testosterone levels following castration. When the expression of both rEGF and Cyto P are related to the tissue testosterone content, it is observed that the ratio between rEGF and testosterone remains essentially unchanged (0.65 +/- 0.21 to 0.65 +/- 0.41), suggesting that in the Dunning R3327 G subline, rEGF expression is coordinately under androgen control. At least some cytokeratin expression also appears to be particularly sensitive to androgen levels, since the ratio between Cyto P and testosterone decreased from 0.92 +/- 0.39 to 0.35 +/- 0.41 following castration. In contrast, following castration, the expression of vimentin was unaffected.
They’re “More Children than Adults”: Teens, Unmarried Pregnancy, and the Canadian Medical Profession, 1945–61<sup>1</sup> (2014)

This article examines the medical aspects of young, unmarried pregnancy in the early post-WWII period. It explores the roles played by physicians and nurses, their prescriptions for prenatal care, their psychologizing of girls' problems, and the nature of girls' hospital experiences. That these patients were indeed seen as "girls" and not women, is a central point; in fact, age, and the perception of what it meant to be "teenaged," significantly shaped the perception, treatment, and experience of unmarried pregnancy in these years.
A Novel Poly(<scp>Dl</scp>-lactic acid) Nanoparticle of Nitroxide Derivative, 4-Ferrocenecarboxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl Piperidine-1-oxyl (2006)

Abstract A newly synthesized nitroxide radical, 4-ferrocenecarboxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine-1-oxyl (FC-TEMPO), was firstly encapsulated in the poly(Dl-lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles by the modified spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method. The formation of the nanoparticles with diameters of 120 ± 15 nm has been confirmed by a laser particle size analyzer. The morphology of the nanoparticles exhibited a fine spherical shape without aggregation or adhesion by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra indicated that FC-TEMPO was mainly encapsulated into PLA nanoparticle core.
Amygdalo‐cortical projections in the monkey (<i>Macaca fascicularis</i>) (1984)

Amygdalo-cortical projections were analyzed in the macaque monkey (Macaca fascicularis) in a series of experiments in which 3H-amino acids were injected into each of the major divisions of the amygdaloid complex and the anterogradely transported label was demonstrated autoradiographically. Projections to widespread regions of frontal, insular, temporal, and occipital cortices have been observed. The heaviest projections to frontal cortex terminated in medial and orbital regions which included areas 24, 25, and 32 on the medial surface and areas 14, 13a, and 12 on the orbital surface. Lighter projections were also seen in areas 45, 46, 6, 9, and 10. The heaviest projection to the insula terminated in the agranular insular cortex with a decreasing gradient of innervation to the more caudally placed dysgranular and granular insular areas. The projection to this region continues around the dorsal limiting sulcus to terminate in the somatosensory fields 3, 1-2, and SII. Essentially all major divisions of the temporal neocortex receive a projection from the amygdaloid complex with the most prominent projections ending in the cortex of the temporal pole (area TG) and the perirhinal cortex. The entire rostrocaudal extent of the inferotemporal cortex (areas TE and TEO) is also in receipt of an amygdaloid projection. While the rostral superior temporal gyrus (area TA) is heavily labeled in several of the experiments (with light labeling continuing into AI and adjacent auditory association regions) there was little indication of labeling in the caudal reaches of area TA. There was a surprisingly strong projection to prestriate regions of the occipital lobe and, in at least one case, clear-cut labeling in areas OB and 17. Labeling in the parietal cortex was primarily observed in the depths of the intraparietal sulcus. In all cortical fields, label was heaviest at the border between layers I and II and in some regions layers V and VI also had above background levels of silver grains.
High-Accuracy and Low-Latency Speech Recognition with Two-Head Contextual Layer Trajectory LSTM Model (2020)

While the community keeps promoting end-to-end models over conventional hybrid models, which usually are long short-term memory (LSTM) models trained with a cross entropy criterion followed by a sequence discriminative training criterion, we argue that such conventional hybrid models can still be significantly improved. In this paper, we detail our recent efforts to improve conventional hybrid LSTM acoustic models for high-accuracy and low-latency automatic speech recognition. To achieve high accuracy, we use a contextual layer trajectory LSTM (cltLSTM), which decouples the temporal modeling and target classification tasks, and incorporates future context frames to get more information for accurate acoustic modeling. We further improve the training strategy with sequence-level teacher-student learning. To obtain low latency, we design a two-head cltLSTM, in which one head has zero latency and the other head has a small latency, compared to an LSTM. When trained with Microsoft's 65 thousand hours of anonymized training data and evaluated with test sets with 1.8 million words, the proposed two-head cltLSTM model with the proposed training strategy yields a 28.2\% relative WER reduction over the conventional LSTM acoustic model, with a similar perceived latency.
The performance impact of kernel prefetching on buffer cache replacement algorithms (2005)

A fundamental challenge in improving the file system performance is to design effective block replacement algorithms to minimize buffer cache misses. Despite the well-known interactions between prefetching and caching, almost all buffer cache replacement algorithms have been proposed and studied comparatively without taking into account file system prefetching which exists in all modern operating systems. This paper shows that such kernel prefetching can have a significant impact on the relative performance in terms of the number of actual disk I/Os of many well-known replacement algorithms; it can not only narrow the performance gap but also change the relative performance benefits of different algorithms. These results demonstrate the importance for buffer caching research to take file system prefetching into consideration.
Training High - Living Low: Changes of Aerobic Performance and Muscle Structure with Training at Simulated Altitude (2001)

This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that endurance training in hypoxia is superior to training of the same intensity in normoxia. To avoid adaptation to hypoxia, the subjects lived under normoxic conditions when not training. A secondary objective of this study was to compare the effect of high- vs. moderate-intensity training on aerobic performance variables. Thirty-three men without prior endurance training underwent a cycle ergometer training of 6 weeks, 5 d/week, 30 minutes/d. The subjects were assigned to 4 groups, N-high, N-low, H-high and H-low based on the training criteria normoxia (N; corresponding to a training altitude of 600 m), vs. hypoxia (H; training altitude 3850 m) and intensity (high; corresponding to 80% and low: corresponding to 67% of VO2max). VO2max measured in normoxia increased between 8.5 to 11.1%, independent of training altitude or intensity. VO2max measured in hypoxia increased between 2.9 and 7.2%. Hypoxia training resulted in significantly larger increases than normoxia training. Maximal power that subjects could maintain over a thirty-minute period (measured in normoxia or hypoxia) increased from 12.3 - 26.8% independent of training altitude. However, subjects training at high intensity increased performance more than subjects training at a low intensity. Muscle volume of the knee-extensors as measured by magnetic resonance imaging increased significantly in the H-high group only (+ 5.0%). Mitochondrial volume density measured by EM-morphometry in biopsy samples of m. vastus lat. increased significantly in all groups with the highest increase seen in the H-high group (+ 59%). Capillary length density increased significantly in the H-high group only (+ 17.2%). The main finding of this study is that in previously untrained people, training in hypoxia while living at low altitude increases performance in normoxia to the same extent as training in normoxia, but leads to larger increases of aerobic performance variables when measured under hypoxic conditions. Training intensity had no effect on the gain of VO2max. On the level of skeletal muscle tissue, the combination of hypoxia with high training intensity constitutes the most effective stimulus for increasing muscle oxidative capacity.
Closed loop wireless power transmission for implantable medical devices (2011)

This paper describes a closed loop wireless inductive power transfer system for an implantable brain machine interface. The proposed system is designed to ensure optimal power transfer by an off-body unit, battery powered, to an in-body implanted unit while guarantying a minimum transmitted power level for proper operation and a maximum level to avoid brain tissue damage due to implanted electronics overheating. The closed loop ensures a minimum power of 20mW delivered to the implanted unit with a power amplifier measured power added efficiency of 69%. As part of the closed loop a microcontroller interprets a backscattered pulse train signal modulating a PWM signal duty cycle in order to control power amplifier drain bias voltage by using a PWM controlled DC/DC converter.
Application of genetic algorithms to an inversion of surface-wave dispersion data (1996)

Abstract A new method for inversion of surface-wave dispersion data is introduced. This method successfully utilizes recently developed genetic algorithms as a global optimization method. Such algorithms usually consist of selection, crossover, and mutation of individuals in a population. To facilitate convergence to an optimal solution, we added elite selection, which ensures that the “best” individual with the smallest misfit value is not excluded from the succeeding generation, and dynamic mutation, which contains a generation-variant mutation probability. Using synthetic and observed earthquake data, we examined the applicability of this genetic surface-wave inversion method in deducing an S-wave profile for sedimentary layers from short- and intermediate-period surface-wave dispersion data. We demonstrated that the method is robust and can be used to interpret surface-wave dispersion data.
Polymer microring resonators for high-sensitivity and wideband photoacoustic imaging (2009)

Polymer microring resonators have been exploited for high-sensitivity and wideband photoacoustic imaging. To demonstrate high-sensitivity ultrasound detection, highfrequency photoacoustic imaging of a 49-microm-diameter black bead at an imaging depth of 5 mm was imaged photoacoustically using a synthetic 2-D array with 249 elements and a low laser fluence of 0.35 mJ/cm(2). A bandpass filter with a center frequency of 28 MHz and a bandwidth of 16 MHz was applied to all element data but without signal averaging, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 16.4 dB was obtained. A wideband detector response is essential for imaging reconstruction of multiscale objects, e.g., various sizes of tissues, by using a range of characteristic acoustic wavelengths. A simulation of photoacoustic tomography of beads shows that objects with their boundaries characteristic of high spatial frequencies and the inner structure primarily of low spatial frequency components can be faithfully reconstructed using such a detector. Photoacoustic tomography experiments of 49- and 301-microm-diameter beads were presented. A high resolution of 12.5 microm was obtained. The boundary of a 301-microm bead was imaged clearly. The results demonstrated that the high sensitivity and broadband response of polymer microring resonators have potential for high resolution and high-fidelity photoacoustic imaging.