gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Numerical processing in the human parietal cortex during experimental and natural conditions (2013)

Human cognition is traditionally studied in experimental conditions wherein confounding complexities of the natural environment are intentionally eliminated. Thus, it remains unknown how a brain region involved in a particular experimental condition is engaged in natural conditions. Here we use electrocorticography to address this uncertainty in three participants implanted with intracranial electrodes and identify activations of neuronal populations within the intraparietal sulcus region during an experimental arithmetic condition. In a subsequent analysis, we report that the same intraparietal sulcus neural populations are activated when participants, engaged in social conversations, refer to objects with numerical content. Our prototype approach provides a means for both exploring human brain dynamics as they unfold in complex social settings and reconstructing natural experiences from recorded brain signals.
Understanding Cultural Diversity (1992)

No AccessAmerican Journal of Speech-Language PathologyClinical Consult1 Jan 1992Understanding Cultural Diversity Noma B. Anderson Noma B. Anderson Howard University Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0102.11 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In "Understanding Cultural Diversity." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 1(2), pp. 11–12 References Condon, E. C. (1975). The cultural context of language testing.In L. Palmer & B. Spolsky (Eds.), Papers on language testing: 1967–1974 (pp. 204–217). Washington, DC: TESOL. Google Scholar Oller, J. W., Jr. (1979). Language test at schools. London: Longman. Google Scholar Randall-David, E. (1989). Strategies for working with culturally diverse communities and clients. Washington, DC: Association for the Care of Children’s Health. Google Scholar Roberts, R. N. (1990). Developing culturally competent programs for families of children with special needs. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Child Development Center. Google Scholar Scoon, A. (1974). The feasibility of test translation— English to Navajo. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque. Google Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByAmerican Journal of Audiology4:2 (15-23)1 Jul 1995Testing Balance Function in Spanish-Speaking PatientsJody Newman-Ryan, Briseida DeLeon Northrup and Claudia Villarreal-EmeryLanguage, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools25:3 (156-164)1 Jul 1994Serving Children With Limited English Proficiency in the SchoolsCeleste A. Roseberry-McKibbin and Glenn E. EicholtzAmerican Journal of Speech-Language Pathology3:3 (77-88)1 Sep 1994Assessment and Intervention for Children With Limited English Proficiency and Language DisordersCeleste Roseberry-McKibbin Volume 1Issue 2January 1992Pages: 11-12 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Jan 1, 1992 Metrics Downloaded 55 times Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesCopyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1992 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationLoading ...
Role of the Pineal and Its Hormone Melatonin in the Termination of Photorefractoriness in Golden Hamsters1 (1983)

Continuous exposure of male hamsters to short day lengths induces testicular regression. This is followed many weeks later by spontaneous recrudescence of the testes with reinitiation of spermatogenesis and function of the accessory sexual glands. Hamsters at this stage of the annual reproductive cycle are refractory to short photoperiods--even continuous darkness will not induce another bout of testicular regression. Animals refractory to short days are also refractory to the pineal hormone melatonin and a number of investigators attribute spontaneous recrudescence and photo and melatonin refractoriness to a developed target cell insensitivity to endogenous melatonin from the pineal. Refractoriness is terminated by exposure to long days for at least 11 weeks. The pineal gland is reported to be essential for this process. We report here the effects of pinealectomy, daily melatonin injections, and constant-release melatonin implants on the ability of male hamsters to recover from the refractory state. In the absence of the pineal gland, refractory male hamsters did not discriminate (count?) 15 weeks of long days to terminate refractoriness. Daily melatonin injections at 1900 h, but not at 1200 h (lights 0600-2000 h) during the 15 weeks of long-day exposure blocked the recovery from refractoriness. Constant-release melatonin implants abolished the animals ability to measure 12 and 15 weeks of long days to terminate refractoriness. These results demonstrate that general target tissue insensitivity to melatonin cannot account for the refractory state in hamsters, that a multiplicity of target tissues may exist for melatonin to account for its varied roles throughout the annual reproductive cycle in hamsters, and that the pineal gland is intimately involved in the animals' ability to measure a prescribed duration of long days to terminate refractoriness.
Steerable pyramid filters for selective image enhancement applications (1998)

In this paper we describe a method we developed for selective detection and enhancement of image feature patterns. A set of directional basis filters were designed to detect the image features of interest, and a steerable pyramid transform is used to generate a multiscale representation of the image features that have desirable shift and rotation invariance. By analyzing and selectively processing the transform coefficients, image feature detection and enhancement can be achieved with designed flexibility in scale, orientation, location, and degree of enhancement. Unlike traditional techniques, this new method promises the selectivity and flexibility desirable in many image enhancement applications. Preliminary experimental results are presented to exemplify the feasibility of the approach.
Signaling Vulnerabilities in Wiretapping Systems (2005)

Many law enforcement wiretap systems are vulnerable to simple, unilateral countermeasures that exploit the unprotected in-band signals passed between the telephone network and the collection system. This article describes the problem as well as some remedies and workarounds.
Synapsins I and II Are ATP-binding Proteins with Differential Ca2+ Regulation (1998)

Synapsins I and II are abundant phosphoproteins that are localized to synaptic vesicles and have essential functions in regulating synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Synapsins contain a single evolutionarily conserved, large central domain, the C-domain, that accounts for the majority of their sequences. Unexpectedly, the crystal structure of the C-domain from synapsin I revealed that it is structurally closely related to several ATPases despite the absence of sequence similarities (Esser, L., Wang, C.-R., Hosaka, M., Smagula, C. S., Südhof, T. C., and Deisenhofer, J. (1998) EMBO J., in press). We now show that the C-domains of both synapsin I and synapsin II constitute high affinity ATP-binding modules. The two C-domains exhibit similar ATP affinities but are differentially regulated; ATP binding to synapsin I is Ca(2+)-dependent whereas ATP binding to synapsin II is Ca(2+)-independent. In synapsin I, the Ca2+ requirement for ATP binding is mediated by a single, evolutionarily conserved glutamate residue (Glu373) at a position where synapsin II contains a lysine residue. Exchange of Glu373 for lysine converts synapsin I from a Ca(2+)-dependent protein into a Ca(2+)-independent ATP-binding protein. Our studies suggest that synapsins I and II function on synaptic vesicles as ATP-binding proteins that are differentially regulated by Ca2+.
Is vasospasm related to proliferative arteriopathy? (1992)

Although proliferative arteriopathy has been postulated to play a role in the etiology of vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), histological and morphological studies examining cerebral vasospasm have produced conflicting results. To help settle this controversy, the authors used an in vivo label of cell division, bromodeoxycytidine, to assess cell proliferation in a primate model of SAH. Fifteen cynomolgus monkeys received a clot of either whole blood (11 animals) or red blood cells (four animals) placed around the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). On the day of surgery continuous intravenous infusion of bromodeoxycytidine was begun and continued until the animal was sacrificed immediately after arteriography on Day 7, 12, or 27 following surgery. Sections from the right and left MCA's were stained with a monoclonal antibody against bromodeoxcytidine, and labeled cells were counted. Arteriographic evidence of vasospasm occurred in nine monkeys on Day 7. On Day 12 and Day 27 no monkeys had persistent vasospasm. Placement of subarachnoid clot around the right MCA increased proliferative activity across all layers of the arterial wall. Most of the labeled cells were in the adventitia and the endothelium. Although there were more dividing cells in all layers of the right MCA than the left MCA (p < 0.01), the number of stained cells per section was limited (range 0.1 to 21.2, mean 8) and the occurrence of vasospasm was not associated with the number of dividing cells in the right MCA on Day 7, 12, 27, or for all days combined (p > 0.6). Cerebral vasospasm after SAH was not associated with the extent of proliferation of cells in the vessel wall, nor could the intensity of the limited proliferative changes have been responsible for narrowing of the vessel diameter.
The Distribution of Silicon Deposits in the Roots of Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench. and Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. (1975)

The occurrence of silica in relation to meristematic zones and the thickening of the endodermis in the roots of Molinia caerulea (L.) Moench. and Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. has been investigated by means of the electron-probe microanalyser and the scanning electron microscope. In proximal regions of mature roots of M. caerulea , the central strengthening tissue of the stele, the vessel walls, the endodermis and the sub-epidermal sclerenchyma are areas of heavy accumulation. The distal regions of such roots are relatively free of silicon and show little thickening of the inner tangential walls of the endodermis or of the cells of the strengthening tissues. The thickening of these elements is shown to be associated with their location and the age of the root. In the proximal regions of S. bicolor , silicon is detected and largely confined to the inner tangential walls of the endodermis which display some thickening. In addition, discrete and evenly-distributed deposits varying in size partly fill the lumen of this layer. Some cells exhibit a number of smaller protrusions. High magnifications of these lumen deposits show a distinct granular structure in contrast to the very uniform pattern of the wall deposits. The results are compared with deposits in grass leaves and inflorescence bracts and in woody perennials. The presence of silicon in addition to suberin, lignin and polyphenols in the thickened endodermal wall is also discussed in relation to the recognized function of the endodermis.
A novel dual-frequency circularly polarized rectenna (2003)

A novel dual-frequency circularly polarized shorted ring-slot rectenna (rectifying antenna) for wireless power transmission at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz is proposed. The rectenna is composed of two nested microstrip-fed shorted annular ring-slot antennas and two rectifier circuits. Output DC voltage of over 2 V at the lower frequency band and over 1 V at the higher frequency band is achieved at a transmission distance of 2 m.
Differentially expressed proteins in human breast cancer cells sensitive and resistant to paclitaxel (2014)

The resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs represents a major problem in cancer treatment. Despite all efforts, mechanisms of resistance have not yet been elucidated. To reveal proteins that could be involved in resistance to taxanes, we compared protein expression in whole cell lysates of SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells sensitive to paclitaxel and in lysates of the same line with acquired resistance to paclitaxel. The resistant SK-BR-3 cell line was established in our lab. Protein separation was achieved using high-resolution 2D-electrophoresis, computer analysis and mass spectro-metry. With these techniques we identified four proteins with different expression in resistant SK-BR-3 cells, i.e., serpin B3, serpin B4, heat shock protein 27 (all three upregulated) and cytokeratin 18 (downregulated). Observed changes were confirmed using western blot analysis. This study suggests new directions worthy of further study in the effort to reveal the mechanism of resistance to paclitaxel in breast cancer cells.
DL: A data layout transformation system for heterogeneous computing (2012)

For many-core architectures like the GPUs, efficient off-chip memory access is crucial to high performance; the applications are often limited by off-chip memory bandwidth. Transforming data layout is an effective way to reshape the access patterns to improve off-chip memory access behavior, but several challenges had limited the use of automated data layout transformation systems on GPUs, namely how to efficiently handle arrays of aggregates, and transparently marshal data between layouts required by different performance sensitive kernels and legacy host code. While GPUs have higher memory bandwidth and are natural candidates for marshaling data between layouts, the relatively constrained GPU memory capacity, compared to that of the CPU, implies that not only the temporal cost of marshaling but also the spatial overhead must be considered for any practical layout transformation systems. This paper presents DL, a practical GPU data layout transformation system that addresses these problems: first, a novel approach to laying out array of aggregate types across GPU and CPU architectures is proposed to further improve memory parallelism and kernel performance beyond what is achieved by human programmers using discrete arrays today. Our proposed new layout can be derived in situ from the traditional Array of Structure, Structure of Arrays, and adjacent Discrete Arrays layouts used by programmers. Second, DL has a run-time library implemented in OpenCL that transparently and efficiently converts, or marshals, data to accommodate application components that have different data layout requirements. We present insights that lead to the design of this highly efficient run-time marshaling library. In particular, the in situ transformation implemented in the library is comparable or faster than optimized traditional out-of-place transformations while avoiding doubling the GPU DRAM usage. Third, we show experimental results that the new layout approach leads to substantial performance improvement at the applications level even when all marshaling cost is taken into account.
Integrated network management system for the private international networks (1992)

The authors present the development of the integrated network management system for the private international network (P-INMS) that can meet the recent end-to-end network management needs under the globalised and complicated network environments, for instance, efficient operation of multi-vendor networks quick restoration of network failures, improvement of network quality, customer controlled reconfiguration and life cycle management. The way to success is to establish an effective architecture for the network management system, the framework of designing P-INMS is addressed. Analyzing current environments, classifying management information and studying how to process management information are key points. >
Mecillinam (FL 1060), a 6β-Amidinopenicillanic Acid Derivative: Bactericidal Action and Synergy In Vitro (1975)

A newly described 6beta-amidinopenicillanic acid derivative, mecillinam (formerly called FL 1060), showed a high in vitro activity against Enterobacteriaceae. The effect on Escherichia coli was bactericidal and was due to lysis of the cells. The longer the culture grew under the influence of mecillinam or the lower the inoculum, the greater the bactericidal effect. The morphology of the cells changed towards large spheric forms (2 to 5 mum) under the influence of mecillinam. Consequently a great discrepancy between the optical density and the viable count was seen. The morphologically abnormal cells could be protected against lysis in vitro by addition of ionized compounds such as sodium chloride. Abnormal cells were more sensitive to ampicillin than normal cells. As expected synergy could be demonstrated between mecillinam and ampicillin. This was marked under experimental conditions where the abnormal cells were protected against lysis.
Development and characterization of cIEF‐MALDI‐TOF MS for protein analysis (2009)

This paper describes the hyphenation of cIEF and MALDI-TOF MS via a fractionation or spotting device. After focusing in cIEF the compounds are hydrodynamically mobilized and deposited on a MALDI target plate using a sheath liquid interface, which provides the catholyte solution and the electrical ground. From previous experiments, sample conditions that resulted in a high resolution in cIEF and acceptable protein signal intensity in MS were selected [Silvertand et al., Electrophoresis, 2008, 29, 1985-1996]. Besides the mixture of test proteins, the sample solution contains 1% Pharmalyte, 0.3% hydroxyethyl cellulose and 0.1% Tween 20 and is used for both optimization as well as characterization of the cIEF-MALDI-TOF MS system. Hyphenation problems encountered are mainly due to transfer of the liquid from the needle to the MALDI target plate and are solved by choosing the proper sheath catholyte (200 mM NH4OH in 50% methanol with 0.1% Tween20). MS electropherograms were reconstructed by plotting the intensities of the m/z values corresponding to the proteins versus migration time (related to spot number). Reproducibility, peak width and signal intensity for different focusing and spotting (fractionation) times were calculated using these reconstructed MS electropherograms as well as the UV electropherograms. The best results were obtained with focusing time of 75 min (no under- or overfocusing) and a spotting time of 5 s (highest protein signal intensity in MS). The applicability of the system is demonstrated by the analysis of a biopharmaceutical (glucagon) and its deamidation product.
Impact of personalized recommendation and social comparison on learning behaviours and outcomes (2012)

\n\t\t\t\t\tELearning suffers from the lack of face-to-face interaction and can deprive learners from the benefits of social interaction and comparison. In this paper we present the results of a study conducted for the impact of social comparison. The study was conducted by collecting students&rsquo; engagement with an eLearning tool, the attendance, and grades scored by students at specific milestones and presented these metrics to students as feedback using Kiviat charts. The charts were complemented with appropriate recommendations to allow them to adapt their study strategy and behaviour. The study spanned over 4 semesters (2 with and 2 without the Kiviats) and the results were analysed using paired T tests to test the pre and post results on topics covered by the eLearning tool. Survey questionnaires were also administered at the end for qualitative analysis. The results indicated that the Kiviat feedback with recommendation had positive impact on learning outcomes and attitudes.<br />\n\t\t\t\t
Attack Mitigation in Adversarial Platooning Using Detection-Based Sliding Mode Control (2015)

In this paper, we consider a mitigation strategy to prevent a vehicle controlled by an attacker from causing collisions in a vehicular platoon. An adversarial-aware control scheme, based on sliding mode control using only local sensor information and a decentralized attack detector, is shown to significantly reduce the number and severity of collisions, without the need for inter-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Simulations demonstrate that collisions are eliminated (or significantly reduced) when the attacker and normal vehicles have same capabilities, and collisions are reduced even with more powerful attackers.
Tuneable dielectric and optical characteristics of tailor-made inorganic electro-chromic materials (2017)

Electro-chromic materials (EC) are a new class of electronically reconfigurable thin films that have the ability to reversibly change optical properties by electric charge insertion/extraction. Since their discovery by Deb, they have been employed in applications related to display technology, such as smart windows and mirrors and active optical filters. In this sense, a variety of studies related to the tuneable optical characteristics of EC materials have recently been reported, however, their microwave tuneable dielectric characteristics have been left somewhat unexplored. In 2016 Bulja showed that dc bias voltage induced modulation of the optical characteristics of an inorganic Conductor/WO3/LiNbO3/NiO/Conductor EC cell isaccompanied by the modulation of its high frequency (1-20 GHz) dielectric characteristics. In general, according to the state of the art, cells of different material compositions are needed to produce devices of tailor made characteristics. Here, we report the discovery that the microwave dielectric and the optical characteristics of an EC cell can be engineered to suit a variety of applications without changing their material composition. The obtained results indicate the potential for producing novel, tuneable and tailor-engineered materials that can be used to create next generation agile microwave-optical devices.
On Speculation Control in Simultaneous Multithreaded Processors (2001)

A simultaneous multithreaded (SMT) processor is able to issue and execute instructions from several threads simultaneously. A SMT processor reaches its highest performance, when all issue slots are utilized by non-speculative instructions provided that the workload is sufficient. SMT processors are able to utilize their resources by executing instructions of multiple threads simultaneously, whereas single-threaded processors fill their resources with highly speculative instructions that must frequently be discarded due to misspeculations. Consequently, we explore speculation control in SMT processor models with the target to increase performance by restricting the number of in-flight speculative instructions. We vary the sizes of internal buffers, the instruction fetch bandwidth, the instruction selection strategies and branch prediction models with the target to increase performance of the simulated SMT processor models. Our results show (1) that retirement buffer sizes of 16 or 32 entries increase performance compared to smaller and to larger buffer sizes, (2) that the instruction fetch bandwidth can be decreased to two times four instructions per cycle without performance loss even for eight threaded eight issue processor models, (3) that an instruction selection strategy that discriminates speculative instructions in the fetch, decode, issue, and dispatch stages may increase overall performance, and (4) that a highly multithreaded processor with a sufficient workload may do without a branch prediction.
Iron and the Risk of Infection (2005)

Humans respond to infection with inflammatory cytokine-induced hypoferremia. This association, as well as the growing literature linking Fe to both impaired immunity and heightened microbial virulence, calls into question the value of Fe supplementation during inflammation and infection.