gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective catalytic dehydration. Thoria-catalyzed dehydration of alcohols (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective catalytic dehydration. Thoria-catalyzed dehydration of alcoholsAllan J. Lundeen and Robert VanHoozerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 11, 3386–3389Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01286a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01286a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views879Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nanoparticles Functionalized with Collagenase Exhibit Improved Tumor Accumulation in a Murine Xenograft Model (2014)

Nanoparticles have garnered widespread interest for both the imaging and treatment of cancer due to their unique and tunable pharmacokinetics and their ability to carry a high payload of diverse compounds. However, despite these favorable attributes, the extent of tumor accumulation can be severely restricted due to the dense stroma surrounding the often-permeable blood vessel wall and high intratumoral pressure. In this study, we investigated whether modifying the surface of pegylated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with collagenase could improve the accumulation of nanoparticles within a murine tumor xenograft. It was determined that collagenase remains active after surface conjugation and the presence of collagenase has no measureable effect on cell proliferation in vitro. Following intravenous injection, the largest fractions of collagenase-labeled AuNPs were found in the liver and spleen. Histological analysis revealed no signs of toxicity in either of these organs. Blood chemistry revealed normal levels of liver enzymes, but a slightly elevated level of total bilirubin. Within the tumor, AuNPs labeled with collagenase exhibited a 35% increase in accumulation compared with unlabeled AuNPs. Therefore, these studies provide preliminary evidence that the functionalization of nanoparticles with collagenase represent an effective and safe approach to improve tumor accumulation.
Hrp1, a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein that shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, is required for mRNA 3′-end formation in yeast (1997)

In yeast, four factors (CF I, CF II, PF I, and PAP) are required for accurate pre-mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation in vitro. CF I can be separated further into CF IA and CF IB. Here we show that CF IB is the 73-kD Hrp1 protein. Recombinant Hrp1p made in Escherichia coli provides full CF IB function in both cleavage and poly(A) addition assays. Consistent with the presence of two RRM-type motifs, Hrp1p can be UV cross-linked to RNA, and this specific interaction requires the (UA)6 polyadenylation efficiency element. Furthermore, the CF II factor enhances the binding of Hrp1p to the RNA precursor. A temperature-sensitive mutant in HRP1 yields mRNAs with shorter poly(A) tails when grown at the nonpermissive temperature. Genetic analyses indicate that Hrp1p interacts with Rna15p and Rna14p, two components of CF 1A. The HRP1 gene was originally isolated as a suppressor of a temperature-sensitive npl3 allele, a gene encoding a protein involved in mRNA export. Like Npl3p, Hrp1p shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, providing a potential link between 3'-end processing and mRNA export from the nucleus.
Physiological Burden of the S10 Respirator (2001)

It is well accepted that wearing a respirator increases the physiological load imposed on the user. However, there is little quantitative evidence of the impact of respiratory protection on thermal strain imposed on the user as a function of the total individual protective ensemble (IPE). This pilot study aims to use the novel technique of Thermal Imaging (TI) to assess the heat status of the face and thermal strain associated with wearing the S10 respirator. The physiological (rectal and tympanic temperatures, heart rate), psychophysical (thermal sensation and discomfort, perceived exertion) and thermal effects (thermal imaging) of the S10 respirator were measured in four healthy males (31 +/- 4.5 yrs). Each subject completed two 45 min trials consisting of acclimation (10 min), treadmill walking (30 min) and rest (5 min) in a hot environment (30 deg C dry bulb and 60% relative humidity), while wearing the UK MK IV overgarment with the S10 respirator (MASK) and without (CON). Generally, there was no additional thermal strain while wearing the S10 respirator. However, subjects reported thermal discomfort of the face as being significantly (p < 0.05) more uncomfortable after 30 mins of exercise compared to being unmasked. In conclusion, the mask partially inhibited evaporative cooling of the face giving the user the perception of being more heat stressed than when unmasked, which was not matched by the recorded physiological strain. It is recommended that the design of the respirator require no significant alteration to reduce any perceived thermal load.
DEPRESSURIZATION-INDUCED GAS PRODUCTION FROM CLASS 1 AND CLASS 2 HYDRATE DEPOSITS (2006)

Class 1 hydrate deposits are characterized by a Hy-drate-Bearing Layer (HBL) underlain by a two-phase zone involving mobile gas. Such deposits are further divided to Class 1W (involving water and hydrate in the HBL) and Class 1G (involving gas and hydrate in the HBL). In Class 2 deposits, a mobile water zone underlies the hydrate zone. Methane is the main hydrate-forming gas in natural accumulations. Using TOUGH-FX/HYDRATE to study the depressurization-induced gas production from such deposits, we determine that large volumes of gas could be readily produced at high rates for long times using conventional technology. Dissociation in Class 1W deposits proceeds in distinct stages, but is continuous in Class 1G deposits. Hydrates are shown to contribute significantly to the production rate (up to 65 percent and 75 percent in Class 1W and 1G, respectively) and to the cumulative volume of produced gas (up to 45 percent and 54 percent in Class 1W and 1G, respectively). Large volumes of hydrate-originating CH4 could be produced from Class 2 hydrates, but a relatively long lead time would be needed before gas production (which continuously increases over time) attains a substantial level. The permeability of the confining boundaries plays a significant role in gas production from Class 2 deposits. In general, long-term production is needed to realize the full potential of the very promising Class 1 and Class 2 hydrate deposits.
DrivenShape: a data-driven approach for shape deformation (2008)

DrivenShape is a data-driven technique that exploits known correspondence between two sets of shape deformations (e.g. a character's pose and her shirt). It allows users to drive deformation of secondary object simply by animating the pose shape. The tool is especially useful when the corresponding shapes are highly correlated and the space of all the possible shapes is limited. We have successfully used this technique in our recent productions, and it enabled artists to save on both computation time and man hours.
Cohesion: an efficient distributed shared memory system supporting multiple memory consistency models (2002)

This paper describes a prototype of DSM called Cohesion which supports two memory consistency models, namely Sequential consistency and Release consistency, within a single program to improve the performance and supports wide-variety of parallel programs for the system. Memory that is sequentially consistent is further divided into object-based and conventional (page-based) memory; where they are constructed in user-level and kernel-level, respectively. In object-based memory, the shared data are kept consistent at the granularity of an object; it is provided to improve the performance of the fine-grained parallel applications that may incur a significant overhead in conventional or release memory, as well as to eliminate unnecessary movement of the pages which are protected in a critical section. On the other hand, the Release consistency model is supported in Cohesion to attack the problem of excessive network traffic and false sharing. Cohesion programs are written in C++, and the annotation of shared objects for release and object-based memory is accomplished by inheriting a system-provided base class. Finally, three application programs including Matrix Multiplication, SOR, and Nbody have been employed to evaluate the efficiency of Cohesion. In addition, a Producer-Consumer program is tested to show that the object-based memory will benefit us in a critical section.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Replacement of the Primary Aromatic Amino Group by Hydrogen Using Diazonium Fluoborates (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReplacement of the Primary Aromatic Amino Group by Hydrogen Using Diazonium FluoboratesArthur Roe and Jack R. GrahamCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 24, 6297–6298Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01144a523https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01144a523research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views564Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Nickel Carbonate Precipitation in a Fluidized-Bed Reactor (2001)

Carbonate precipitation of nickel in pellet reactors has several advantages over the more commonly used hydroxide sludge process. As a seeded precipitation, no sludge is formed; instead, there is a dense precipitate permitting easy solid−liquid separation and reuse of the nickel by dissolving the pellets. Furthermore, carbonate precipitation occurs at a lower pH, thus reducing the postneutralization costs of the stream. A laboratory-scale fluidized bed was used in order to study the precipitation processes relevant for pellet reactor technology. Different profiles of the bed were established to determine the relative importance of the various precipitation phenomena such as homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation. The rapid kinetics of nickel carbonate nucleation, driven by high local supersaturation, formed a large amount of fines that agglomerated slowly up the bed. In general, the nickel removal efficiency not only was solubility dependent but was largely influenced by the fines nucleation, and thus by the supersaturation profile of the reactor.
Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor promotes the generation of regulatory DC through induction of IL‐10 and IFN‐α (2004)

We have recently demonstrated that G-CSF promotes the generation of human T regulatory (T(REG)) type 1 cells. In this study, we investigated whether the immunomodulatory effects of G-CSF might be mediated by DC. CD14(+) monocytes were cultured with serum collected after clinical administration of G-CSF (post-G), which contained high amounts of IL-10 and IFN-alpha. Similar to incompletely matured DC, monocytes nurtured with post-G serum acquired a DC-like morphology, expressed high levels of costimulatory molecules and HLA-DR, and exhibited diminished IL-12p70 release and poor allostimulatory capacity. Importantly, post-G DC-like cells were insensitive to maturation stimuli. As shown by neutralization studies, IFN-alpha and, even more pronounced, IL-10 contained in post-G serum inhibited IL-12p70 release by post-G DC-like cells. Furthermore, phenotypic and functional features of post-G DC-like cells were replicated by culturing post-G monocytes with exogenous IL-10 and IFN-alpha. Post-G DC-like cells promoted Ag-specific hyporesponsiveness in naive allogeneic CD4(+) T cells and orchestrated a T(REG) response that was dependent on secreted TGF-beta 1 and IL-10. Finally, neutralization of IL-10 and IFN-alpha contained in post-G serum translated into abrogation of the regulatory features of post-G DC-like cells. This novel mechanism of immune regulation effected by G-CSF might be therapeutically exploited for tolerance induction in autoimmune disorders.
Ozone Concentration Effects on the Dark Fade of Ink jet Photographic Prints (2005)

Ambient levels of ozone have been reported to be a factor in the dark stability of ink jet photographic prints. Current practical tests utilize a relatively high concentration (5–10 ppmv) of ozone for short periods of time at ambient temperatures to predict what might occur for longer exposures at lower concentrations. However, ambient ozone levels are typically well under 0.1 ppmv (100 ppbv). In this article we describe a custom built ozone chamber with which we are able to explore the effects of chamber design, flow rate, relative humidity, and ozone concentration on the kinetics of fade for ink jet photographic prints.
A Two-Channel Picture Coding System: II--Adaptive Companding and Color Coding (1981)

The two-channel picture coding system previously reported is improved by adaptive companding and extended to component color coding. The basic system divides the spectrum into lowand high-frequency spatial components. The former are coarsely sampled and finely quantized, while the latter are finely sampled and coarsely quantized using a companded, randomized quantizer. The adaptive version uses a companding factor, larger than one, which multiplies the highs before coding and divides the result after decoding. This substantially raises the signal-to-noise ratio, which is calculated for both the adaptive and nonadaptive cases and confirmed by computer simulation. The color version uses an achromatic highs channel as in the basic monochrome system, plus a three-color lows channel coded in a perceptually uniform color space. With 3.5-4.3 bits/pel for 512 × 512 monochrome and color still images, the nonstatistical version produces images free of visible defects under normal viewing conditions. Projections are made for system parameters capable of achieving the very high quality now being proposed for production component coding systems, but with substantial reduction in channel capacity.
Sapphira as a Christian Name (1942)

Journal Article Sapphira as a Christian Name Get access Frederic Connett White Frederic Connett White 113, Cranham Street, Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 182, Issue 1, 3 January 1942, Page 12, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/182.1.12 Published: 03 January 1942
Absolute Orientation of Molecules at Interfaces (2006)

A method to determine the absolute orientation of molecules at liquid interfaces by sum frequency generation (SFG) is reported. It is based on measurements of the orientations of two nonparallel vibrationally active chromophores in the molecule of interest combined with a rotation matrix formulation to obtain the absolute molecular orientation. We chose m-tolunitrile, a planar molecule adsorbed to the air/water interface, as a proof-of-method experiment. Quantitative analysis of different polarization sum frequency intensities facilitate unique peak assignments of the methyl and nitrile groups of m-tolunitrile. The SFG analysis of the measurement yields a nitrile group tilting at 53 degrees to the surface normal, and the C3 axis of the methyl group is almost upright at 23 degrees with respect to the surface normal. Using a rotation matrix formulation, we found that the angle between the surface plane and the m-tolunitrile molecular plane is 70 degrees.
Increased expression of EphA7 correlates with adverse outcome in primary and recurrent glioblastoma multiforme patients (2008)

The immunohistochemical assessment of tissue EphA7 provides important prognostic information in GBM and would justify its use as surrogate marker to screen patients for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.
Observation of fractional revivals in the evolution of a Rydberg atomic wave packet (1991)

Rydberg atomic wave packets have demonstrated striking classical properties. In particular, the wave packets display regions in which they evolve like classical atoms. However, between these regions the wave packet is dispersed and its evolution departs from the classical model. In these nonclassical regions, the wave packet can either be dispersed or coalesced into a number of equally spaced sub-wave-packets. The regions in which the sub-wave-packets appear have come to be known as fractional revivals. This paper reports the observation of these fractional revivals and discusses their implications.
The Left's Descent into the Abyss (2005)

Something tragic and horrifying has happened to the Left - something that was visible long before September 11, 2001, though the events of that dreadful day served only to confirm it. It strengthened with the invasion of Iraq and the toppling of Saddam. Now, with conservative parties confirmed as the people's government of choice in both Australia and the USA, it's broken out all over. For years the Left has merely been irrational; now it has finally gone insane...
IL-4 rescues surface IgM expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (2016)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells express poor levels of surface immunoglobulin (sIg), and many are minimally activated or anergic in response to B-cell receptor (BCR) crosslinking in vitro. Paradoxically, CLL cells in patients are highly activated through BCR signaling and expand in proliferation centers, suggesting that the function of sIg signaling is rescued. Here, we find that, compared with normal naïve B cells, CLL cells express a low level of total CD79b protein but normal levels of CD79a and IgM protein. Association of both CD79a and CD79b to IgM is markedly reduced. We further find that interleukin-4 (IL-4) markedly rescues CD79b and sIgM protein in CLL samples. These changes significantly enhance signaling in response to BCR crosslinking. Furthermore, we find that these changes are more pronounced in immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (IGHV)-unmutated CLL cells than IGHV-mutated CLL cells. The results described herein reveal that reduced sIgM is due to low expression of total CD79b protein in CLL cells. IL-4 substantially restores CD79b protein expression, sIgM expression, and BCR signaling.
Decoding High Level Signals for Asynchronous Brain Machine interfaces (2006)

While many brain machine interface (BMI) systems have been presented in the literature, most of these systems present the user with an always on interface with no way to shut the interface down when not needed. This paper proposes two extensions of previous BMI work to create an asynchronous BMI in which the system only produces outputs when needed. The first classifies incoming signals into not only task related states, but also an idle state. A refinement of this system utilizes a Markov Model (MM) of the task to impose order on the sequence of states produced by the system. This MM filter improves the accuracy of the system an average of 16%.
Video Quality Metrics (2010)

In this chapter, we introduced several aspects of video quality. We described the anatomy of the Human Visual System (HVS), discussing a number of phenomena of visual perception that are of particular relevance to video quality. We briefly introduced the main characteristics of modern digital video systems, focusing on the errors (artifacts) commonly present in digital video applications. We described both objective and subjective methods for assessing video quality. For the subjective methods, we discussed the most common techniques standardized by ITU. We also discussed the main ideas used in the design of objective metric algorithms, listing a
Balanced detection for interferometry with a noisy source (2012)

Optical properties of nanostructures depend on size, shape, material, and local environment. These characteristics can be probed interferometrically, given a broadband source. However, broadband supercontinuum sources are intrinsically noisy, limiting the measurement sensitivity. In this article we describe the application of an auto-balancing technique to reduce the noise in a broadband supercontinuum source, thus increasing the signal to noise ratio. We show a noise reduction of 41 dB allowing optical powers as small as 0.01 pW to be interferometrically detected with a 5 ms integration time.
Mehrwertige Alkohole aus Sterinen und Sterinderivaten, VI Steroide mit Strukturmerkmalen des Ecdysons und der Elatericine (1972)

Abstract Aus Litho‐, Desoxy‐ und Chenodesoxycholsäure ( 1a – c ) wurden über die Homosäuren 5a – c die tert.‐C 25 ‐Carbinole 7a – c dargestellt. Cholesterin ließ sich in das Ecdyson‐analoge Produkt 18b umwandeln. Hyodesoxy‐ und Homohyodesoxycholsäure wurden in die Tetrole 33a , b übergeführt. Aus 34a – d wurden die Steroide 37a – d mit diosphenolischer Struktur gewonnen.
Optical and electrical properties of Mn-doped GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (1975)

An isolated acceptor impurity is shown to be responsible for the ∼113-meV deep luminescence band which is frequently seen in GaAs layers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. We establish that this center, which is also observed in melt-grown and solution-grown GaAs and which has often been associated with the presence of native defects, is due to Mn. The luminescence arises from donor-acceptor and conduction-band–acceptor recombination involving holes bound at the Mn acceptor. Electron paramagnetic resonance on Mn-doped layers shows that Mn is incorporated as an isolated defect with cubic symmetry. This result, coupled with the suppression of Mn-associated luminescence and electrical activation under Ga-rich growth conditions, indicates that Mn is incorporated primarily as a substitutional acceptor on Ga sites. Hole concentrations scale with Mn source temperature in a manner consistent with arrival-rate-controlled incorporation from a Knudsen effusion source. Room-temperature hole concentrations up to the 1018-cm−3 level can be achieved while maintaining excellent surface morphology. This suggests that Mn will be a useful dopant in the growth of junction structures by molecular-beam epitaxy.