gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of the thermostable beta-galactosidase gene from the archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterization of a new inducible promoter for heterologous expression (1992)

The lacS gene from the extremely thermoacidophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus encodes an enzyme with beta-galactosidase activity that, like other enzymes from this organism, is exceptionally thermophilic (optimal activity above 90 degrees C), thermostable, and resistant to common protein denaturants and proteases. Expression of the gene in mesophilic hosts is needed to uncover the molecular nature of these features. We have obtained expression of beta-galactosidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under the control of the galactose-inducible upstream activating sequence of the yeast genes GAL1 and GAL10. The expressed enzyme is identical in molecular mass, thermostability, and thermophilicity to the native enzyme, showing that these features are intrinsic to the primary structure of the enzyme. We also present a new promoter for the expression of thermostable proteins in S. cerevisiae. This promoter contains a sequence isolated from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans that works as a strong, heat-inducible upstream activating sequence in S. cerevisiae. Transcription of the lacS gene under the control of this sequence is rapidly and efficiently induced by heat shock. The availability of a plate assay for monitoring beta-galactosidase activity in S. cerevisiae may allow screening for mutants affecting the efficiency and activity of the enzyme.
An efficient method for DCT-domain image resizing with mixed field/frame-mode macroblocks (1999)

This paper deals with the discrete cosine transform (DCT)-domain image resizing as compressed domain processing. Previous DCT-domain image resizing methods assume that all macroblocks are in the frame-mode. We propose an efficient method for DCT-domain image resizing with mixed field/frame-mode macroblocks. This method is developed from the investigation of the DCT-domain image resizing operation through a decomposition of matrix operations, from which we define new downsampling matrices for frame- and field-mode macroblocks. This leads to new frame- and field-mode resizing transformation matrices for DCT-domain image resizing. The proposed DCT-domain image resizing method can be used when there are mixed field/frame-mode macroblocks.
Synthesis of New N,N'-Bis(5-arylidene-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrothiazolin-2-yl)piperazine Derivatives Under Microwave Irradiation and Preliminary Biological Evaluation (2012)

New N,N'-bis(5-arylidene-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrothiazoline-2-yl)diamine derivatives 5 were prepared in two steps from rhodanine and piperazine, or 1,4-bis(3-amino-propyl)piperazine, under microwave reaction conditions with retention of configuration. Some of these compounds were tested for in vitro antiproliferative activities and for their kinase inhibitory potencies towards six kinases (CDK5/p25, GSK3α/β, DYRK1A, DYRK2, CLK1, and CLK2). The compound 5d showed nanomolar activity towards DYRK1A kinase (IC(50) = 0.041 μM).
The C-patch: a small microstrip element (1989)

We present a radiating element operating in the UHF and L-bands; its dimensions are smaller than those of conventional square or circular elements. For this type of antenna, good matching is obtained with a coaxial feed, and the omni-directional radiation pattern is achieved using linear polarisation. The bandwidth, however, remains somewhat narrow.
Early radiomics experiences in predicting CyberKnife response in acoustic neuroma (2019)

Vestibular schwannomas, also known as acoustic neuromas, are benign primary intracranial tumor of the myelin-forming cells of the 8th cranial nerve. Stereotactic radiosurgery is one of the available therapies that can effectively control tumor growth, and it can be performed using the CyberKnife robotic device. However, this therapy may have side effects and its efficacy should be assessed up to two years. In this respect, being able to forecast the treatment response using the data collected during the initial and routinely MR images could be a valuable support when planning a personalised therapy. This manuscript therefore introduces a machine learning-based radiomics approach that first computes quantitative biomarkers from MR images and then predicts the treatment response, taking also into consideration the dataset class skewness.
Properties and microelectronic applications of thin films of refractory metal nitrides (1985)

Refractory metal nitride coatings find numerous applications in cutting tools, wear resistant parts, and the jewelry industry. Recent investigations have disclosed interesting applications of thin films of refractory metal nitrides in microelectronics. This review discusses the preparation of such films by reactive evaporation and reactive sputtering and describes various applications in silicon-integrated circuit technology.
Dimensionless score function for multiple hypothesis tracking (2007)

This paper discusses several theoretical issues related to the score function for the measurement-to-track association/assignment decision in the track-oriented version of the multiple hypothesis tracker (MHT). This score function is the likelihood ratio: the ratio of the probability density function (pdf) of a measurement having originated from a track, to the pdf of this measurement having a different origin. The likelihood ratio score is derived rigorously starting from the fully Bayesian MHT (hypothesis oriented, based on combinatorial analysis of the general multitarget problem), which is shown to be amenable under some (reasonable) assumptions to the track-oriented MHT (TOMHT). The latter can be implemented efficiently using multidimensional assignment (MDA). The main feature of a likelihood ratio is the fact that it is a (physically) dimensionless quantity and, consequently, can be used for the association of different numbers of measurements and/or measurements of different dimension. The explicit forms of the likelihood ratio are discussed both for the commonly used Kalman tracking filter, as well as for the interacting multiple model (IMM) estimator. The issues of measurements of different dimension and different coordinate systems together with the selection of certain MHT design parameters - the spatial densities of the false measurements and new targets - are also discussed.
Endothelins potentiate formalin-induced nociception and paw edema in mice (1997)

The present study investigates the influence of endothelin (ET) related peptides (0.3-30 pmol/paw) on both phases of nociception and on edema induced by intraplantar injection of formalin (0.5% in 20 microL) in the mouse hind paw. The first phase of nociception (0-5 min after injection) was significantly potentiated by simultaneous injection of either ET-1 (10 or 30 pmol/paw) or ET-3 (10 pmol/paw), but not of the selective ET3 receptor agonist sarafotoxin S6c (SRTX-c; up to 30 pmol/paw). All three peptides potentiated the second phase (10-30 min after injection) of formalin-induced nociception (at 3-30, 1-30, and 10-30 pmol/paw for ET-1, ET-3, and SRTX-c, respectively), whereas only ET-1 (10 or 30 pmol/paw) effectively enhanced edema caused by formalin (30 min after injection). Histamine also potentiated all three responses triggered by formalin, but was 30- to 100-fold less potent than ET-1. Treatment with the mixed ETA/ETB receptor antagonist bosentan (10 mg/kg i.p., 1 h beforehand) did not influence nociceptive and edematogenic responses to formalin or their potentiation by histamine (3 nmol/paw), but did inhibit the potentiations induced by ET-1 (10 pmol/paw). Thus, ET-1 potentiates formalin-induced nociception and edema in the mouse. These actions are possibly mediated via ETB and ETA receptors, respectively, but their true identity and the mechanisms involved still remain to be fully elucidated.
Dynamic Yield Behavior of Explosively Loaded Metals Determined by a Quartz Transducer Technique (1962)

Explosively generated plane waves were passed through plates of duraluminum, iron, and steels of various compositions and heat treatments. X-cut quartz disks of large diameter-to-thickness ratios (≥5) were used to obtain continuous stress-time profiles of elastic-plastic wave structures associated with yielding. For times less than wave transit time through the disk, the short-circuit current output is directly proportional to the specimen-to-quartz interface stress up to 21 kbar. The incident wave profile in the specimen is then determined from the interface stress-time profile on the basis of an assumed model. Advantages of the technique are excellent time resolution, high sensitivity, and relative simplicity of use. The profiles for duraluminum,normalized SAE 1018 steel, and normalized Armco iron exhibit a relatively slow rise to the yield stress,subsequent stress relaxation, except in duraluminum, and then a gradual rising transition into the plastic wave. In comparison, SAE 4340 and other tool steel profiles exhibit a faster initial rise, no stress relaxation,and a steeper transition into the plastic wave. The dynamic yield stress in the tool steels increases with Rockwell hardness, and the separation between the elastic and plastic wavefronts decreases. In general, as the specimen thickness is increased, the dynamic yield stress decreases and the initial rise time increases.
Effect of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Satellite Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Immobilization-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Rats (2016)

BACKGROUND Muscle atrophy due to disuse occurs along with adverse physiological and functional changes, but bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) may be able to act as muscle satellite cells to restore myofibers. Thus, we investigated whether MSCs could enhance the proliferation of satellite cells and suppress myonuclear apoptosis during immobilization. MATERIAL AND METHODS We isolated, purified, amplified, and identified MSCs. Rats (n=48) were randomized into 3 groups: WB group (n=16), IM-PBS group (n=16), and IM-MSC (n=16). Rat hind limbs were immobilized for 14 d, treated with MSCs or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and then studied using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis to characterize the proteins involved. Apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxy-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. RESULTS We compared muscle mass, cross-sectional areas, and peak tetanic forces and noted insignificant differences between PBS- and MSC-treated animals, but satellite cell proliferation was significantly greater after MSC treatment (p<0.05). Apoptotic myonuclei were reduced (p<0.05) after MSC treatment as well. Pro-apoptotic Bax was down-regulated and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and p-Akt protein were upregulated (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS MSCs injected during hind limb immobilization can maintain satellite cell activity by suppressing myonuclear apoptosis.
Politicians and rhetoric: the persuasive power of metaphor (2005)

Preface Style Conventions Persuasion, Speech Making and Rhetoric Metaphor in Political Discourse Winston Churchill: Metaphor and Heroic Myth Martin Luther King: Messianic Myth Enoch Powell: the Myth of the Oracle Ronald Reagan and Romantic Myth: 'From the swamp to the stars' Margaret Thatcher and the Myth of Boedicia Bill Clinton and the Rhetoric of Image Restoration Tony Blair and Conviction Rhetoric George Bush and the Rhetoric of Moral Accounting Obama and the Myth of the American Dream Myth, Metaphor and Leadership Appendices Bibliography Index of Conceptual Metaphors Index
Controlling Auditor Interactions to Improve the Quality of a Financial Statement Audit (2016)

Poor quality financial statement audits have a negative impact on the information provided to principals and stakeholders that can increase the risk of corporate fraud. The well-documented collapses of companies, such as Enron and WorldCom, brought the issue of audit quality to the headlines. Using agency theory as the conceptual framework, the purpose of this single case study was to determine what strategies client managers and boards can use to facilitate an engagement with an audit firm and effectively carry out their responsibility to provide effective relevant evidence and support for their management assertions as outlined in the engagement letter. The population comprised a census sample of 9 individuals with direct involvement in the audit process within a Connecticut-based organization and its audit firm. Data collection comprised of semistructured interviews and analysis of public and internal documents. Using methodological triangulation, 5 primary themes emerged including communication, documentation, knowledge and experience, character, and procedural. The findings of this study may promote social change by enhancing knowledge of what role management can play in ensuring a high-quality audit. Improved insight to the audit process may promote investor confidence in the financial statements and economic growth through capital spending.
An Embryonic Stem Cell–Like Signature Identifies Poorly Differentiated Lung Adenocarcinoma but not Squamous Cell Carcinoma (2009)

This work suggests that not all poorly differentiated non-small cell lung cancers exhibit a gene expression profile similar to that of ESC, and that other characteristics may play a more important role in the determination of differentiation and survival in SCC of the lung.
Matrix Assisted Ionization Vacuum (MAIV), a New Ionization Method for Biological Materials Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry (2012)

The introduction of electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) for the mass spectrometric analysis of peptides and proteins had a dramatic impact on biological science. We now report that a wide variety of compounds, including peptides, proteins, and protein complexes, are transported directly from a solid-state small molecule matrix to gas-phase ions when placed into the vacuum of a mass spectrometer without the use of high voltage, a laser, or added heat. This ionization process produces ions having charge states similar to ESI, making the method applicable for high performance mass spectrometers designed for atmospheric pressure ionization. We demonstrate highly sensitive ionization using intermediate pressure MALDI and modified ESI sources. This matrix and vacuum assisted soft ionization method is suitable for the direct surface analysis of biological materials, including tissue, via mass spectrometry.
THE MEASUREMENT OF FIBER CONTENT IN FRP BY MICROWAVE METHOD (1975)

A method was devised to determine the fiber content in Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) by the microwave technique and the result was as follows:The fiber content in Carbon FRP (CFRP) and Glass FRP (GFRP) could be determined from the transmission loss of microwave with a high accuracy. The relation between the fiber content and the transmission loss of microwave in the case of GFRP differed from that of CFRP. The fiber content of CFRP having more than 10 plies of carbon cloth could not be measured by this technique due to the larger transmission loss of CFRP.The fiber content could be measured by this method when the resin in FRP was not only solid, but also in liquid.
Photochemistry of heterocyclics. III. Photolysis of various 2-substituted benzimidazoles (1982)

A variety of 2-substituted benzimidazoles have been irradiated with ultraviolet light to determine the effects of substituents on the photochemical behaviour of the benzimidazole ring system. Benzimidazol-2-amine gave [2,5'-bibenzimidazol]-2'-amine and [2,4'-bibenzimidazol]-2'-amine, showing that this derivative behaves in the same way as benzimidazole. 2-Chlorobenzimidazole loses chlorine forming a dimeric species and benzimidazol-2(3H)-one, which is itself inert to photolysis. 2-Trichloromethylbenzimidazole also loses chlorine to form a variety of products depending on the solvent. 2-Trifluoromethylbenzimidazole does not lose fluorine but forms a dimer and also undergoes imidazole ring cleavage. Benzimidazole-2-thiol also undergoes imidazole ring cleavage with loss of sulfur. The 2-phenyl group stabilizes the benzimidazole ring system to photolysis as does the 2-thiazolyl group; however, the latter suffers thiazole ring cleavage.
Inhibition of Postanesthetic Shivering with Radiant Heat (1987)

Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology, Southwestern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Texas
One Towne Center Office Building (1983)

A corporate headquarters building containing 57,000 sq.ft. in a two story building with a lobby atrium which serves as a focal point and as a meeting place for the occupants.
Effects of intramuscular administration of low doses of medetomidine and medetomidine-butorphanol in middle-aged and old dogs (1999)

Administration of medetomidine (10 micrograms/kg, i.m.) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg, i.m.) induced sedation and analgesia and reduced amounts of thiopental and isoflurane required for anesthesia in middle-aged and old dogs. Glycopyrrolate decreased frequency of medetomidine-associated adverse effects.
Streamforce: outsourcing access control enforcement for stream data to the clouds (2013)

As tremendous amount of data being generated everyday from human activity and from devices equipped with sensing capabilities, cloud computing emerges as a scalable and cost-effective platform to store and manage the data. While benefits of cloud computing are numerous, security concerns arising when data and computation are outsourced to a third party still hinder the complete movement to the cloud. In this paper, we focus on the problem of data privacy on the cloud, particularly on access controls over stream data. The nature of stream data and the complexity of sharing data make access control a more challenging issue than in traditional archival databases. We present Streamforce - a system allowing data owners to securely outsource their data to the cloud. The owner specifies fine-grained policies which are enforced by the cloud. The latter performs most of the heavy computations, while learning nothing about the data. To this end, we employ a number of encryption schemes, including deterministic encryption, proxy-based attribute based encryption and sliding-window encryption. In Streamforce, access control policies are modeled as secure continuous queries, which entails minimal changes to existing stream processing engines, and allows for easy expression of a wide-range of policies. In particular, Streamforce comes with a number of secure query operators including Map, Filter, Join and Aggregate. Finally, we implement Streamforce over an open source stream processing engine (Esper) and evaluate its performance on a cloud platform. The results demonstrate practical performance for many real-world applications, and although the security overhead is visible, Streamforce is highly scalable.
A normalized LLR soft information demapping method in DTMB system (2008)

This paper presents a normalized demapping method with application to the digital terrestrial multimedia broadcasting (DTMB) system. Normalized logarithm likelihood ratio (NLLR) soft information is computed using this new method in which a normalization factor is proposed. Two ways of determining this factor are illustrated and simulation results show that it performs well with comparison to other factors under 16QAM constellation in additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) and fading channels respectively.
Essential Yeast Protein with Unexpected Similarity to Subunits of Mammalian Cleavage and Polyadenylation Specificity Factor (CPSF) (1996)

The 3' ends of most eukaryotic messenger RNAs are generated by internal cleavage and polyadenylation. In mammals, there is a strict dependence of both reactions on the sequence AAUAAA, which occurs upstream of polyadenylation [poly(A)] sites and which is recognized by CPSF. In contrast, cis-acting signals for yeast 3'-end generation are highly divergent from those of mammals, suggesting that trans-acting factors other than poly(A) polymerase would not be conserved. The essential yeast protein Brr5/Ysh1 shows sequence similarity to subunits of mammalian CPSF and is required for 3'-end processing in vivo and in vitro. These results demonstrate a structural and functional conservation of the yeast and mammalian 3'-end processing machineries despite a lack of conservation of the cis sequences.
Study of a Novel Fourth-generation Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization: Relationship between Catalyst Structure and Polymerization Properties (2015)

This article presents a detailed structural study of a new spherical MgCl2-supported TiCl4 Ziegler-Natta catalyst for isotactic propylene polymerization, and researches on the relationship between catalyst structure and polymer proper- ties. The spherical support with the chemical composition of CH3CH2OMgOCH(CH2Cl)2 has been synthesized from a new dispersion system and is used as the supporting material to prepare Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The XRD analysis indicates that the catalyst is fully activated with δ-MgCl2 in the active catalyst. The far-IR spectrometric results confirm again the pres- ence of δ-MgCl2 in the active catalyst. Textural property of the active catalyst exhibits high surface area coupled with high porosity. The high activity in propylene polymerization is mainly ascribed to the full activation and the porous structure of the catalyst. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectrometer mapping results indicate a uniform titanium dis- tribution throughout the catalyst particles. Particle size analysis shows that the catalyst has a narrow particle size distribu- tion. The perfect spherical shape, uniform titanium distribution and narrow particle size distribution of the catalyst confirm the advantage of polymer particles production with less fines. The solid state 13 C NMR and mid-IR spectroscopic analyses indicate that there exists strong complexation between diisobutyl phthalate and MgCl2, which leads to the high isotacticity of polypropylene.