gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of a chiral polyester by <i>Pseudomonas oleovorans</i> grown with 5‐phenyl‐2,4‐pentadienoic acid (1991)

Abstract Pseudomonas oleovorans has been previously shown to produce a polyester containing a phenyl pendant group when grown with 5‐phenylpentanoic acid under nutrient‐limiting conditions. The same polyester was produced when 5‐phenyl‐2,4‐pentadienoic acid was the only carbon source, and a mixture of two different polymers was produced when this bacterium was grown on a mixture of 5‐phenyl‐2,4‐pentadienoic acid and nonanoic acid. The polymer blend obtained was separated by fractional crystallization to yield poly(3‐hydroxy‐5‐phenylpentanoate) and the copolymer which is normally produced with nonanoic acid alone.
Expression of a putative high-affinity NO3- transporter and of an H+-ATPase in relation to whole plant nitrate transport physiology in two maize genotypes differently responsive to low nitrogen availability (2003)

Two maize genotypes differently responsive to nitrogen availability were characterized for their efficiency in nitrate accumulation via both the LATS (Low-Affinity Transport System) and HATS (High-Affinity Transport System) nitrate uptake systems. In addition, a full-length cDNA encoding a putative high-affinity nitrate transporter (ZmNrt2.1) was isolated and its expression evaluated in both the roots and leaves of the two maize genotypes, together with the expression of a maize H(+)-ATPase isoform (Mha1). The data showed the importance of the iHATS (Inducible High-Affinity System) system efficiency as a physiological marker of adaptation to low input and suggested that the transcript accumulation of ZmNrt2.1 might be a key step for the regulation of iHATS. However, ZmNrt2.1 transcription cannot account for the differences found between the two hybrids in terms of the activity of their respective iHATS and, as a consequence, of their adaptation to low input. Therefore, the involvement of some other transporter(s) or of some post-transcriptional/post-translational mechanism of regulation affecting the efficiency of iHATS may be hypothesized. In addition, the data suggest that the transcription of the Mha1 gene may also be involved in the global efficiency of the iHATS system.
Design of a new airport surveillance radar (ASR-9) (1985)

The ASR-9 marks a significant departure from earlier ASR designs [1]. Major operational benefits are realized by applying modern digital technology and advanced processing concepts. It is evolutionary in that it retains the desirable features of its predecessors. This paper will focus on the principal characteristics that make its design unique. The following topics are covered: aircraft detection in clutter, range resolution, azimuth resolution, weather contouring, remote performance monitoring and control.
Synthesis and analgesic activity of 1,5-methano-3-methyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-3-benzazocines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and analgesic activity of 1,5-methano-3-methyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-3-benzazocinesLewis A. Walter, Wei K. Chang, and Robert I. TaberCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1971, 14, 10, 1011–1013Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00292a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00292a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bayesian video search reranking (2008)

Content-based video search reranking can be regarded as a process that uses visual content to recover the "true" ranking list from the noisy one generated based on textual information. This paper explicitly formulates this problem in the Bayesian framework, i.e., maximizing the ranking score consistency among visually similar video shots while minimizing the ranking distance, which represents the disagreement between the objective ranking list and the initial text-based. Different from existing point-wise ranking distance measures, which compute the distance in terms of the individual scores, two new methods are proposed in this paper to measure the ranking distance based on the disagreement in terms of pair-wise orders. Specifically, hinge distance penalizes the pairs with reversed order according to the degree of the reverse, while preference strength distance further considers the preference degree. By incorporating the proposed distances into the optimization objective, two reranking methods are developed which are solved using quadratic programming and matrix computation respectively. Evaluation on TRECVID video search benchmark shows that the performance improvement up to 21% on TRECVID 2006 and 61.11% on TRECVID 2007 are achieved relative to text search baseline.
Equivalent channel network model for permeability and electrical conductivity of fracture networks (2002)

It is remarkable that the permeability k and electrical conductivity σ of saturated, fractured rock exhibit a power law relationship with exponent r as pressure is applied to the rock. To understand this behavior, the fracture network is viewed as a collection of connected, planar fractures. This allows the construction of algebraic expressions for the transport properties of the fracture network, in which the local effective properties, namely, the hydraulic aperture d h and the electric aperture d e of the representative planar fracture (the “equivalent channel”), are distinguished from the network properties (e.g., fracture connectivity) parameterized by the tortuosity factors τ h and τ e . This “equivalent channel network model” reproduces the observed power law behavior on the conditions that d h 3 ∝ d e r and τ h ∝ τ e r over the range of applied pressures. The first condition is met, as demonstrated by calculations for a variety of simulated planar fractures using the Reynolds equations for fluid and current flow. The value of the exponent r is found to indicate the degree to which the fracture resembles a porous medium but cannot otherwise identify fracture surface or aperture characteristics. No direct evidence currently exists to support the second condition; however, such a power law relationship has been demonstrated elsewhere for simulated porous media.
Effects of Air Leakage of Residential Buildings in Mixed and Cold Climates (2007)

This paper deals with the effects of air leakage in residential buildings and provides an overview of the influence of air leakage on the measured performance of the interior temperature and relative humidity in two very different US climate zones (IECC zone 4, Knoxville) and (IECC zone 6, Madison). The air leakage of residential buildings depends on a number of factors like building age, volume or the climate zone, as it is a common assumption that in colder climate zones more importance is attached to airtight buildings than in warmer climates. To quantify these differences and to show the dependence of air leakage on various influences an investigation in occupied build ings has been carried out. The air tightness of a number of homes in the mixed climate of eastern Tennessee and in the cold climate of south-central Wisconsin was measured on a seasonal basis. The interior conditions were monitored for each of the homes to investigate the link to the respective air leakage of the buildings. The results show that an estimation of the air leakage of residential buildings can be made with knowledge of some simple boundary conditions. Seasonal changes do not have a significant influence on the air leakgage. This information is critical for developing reasonable boundary conditions for hygrothermal models.
Introducing service-level awareness in the cloud (2013)

Managing the resources of a virtualized data-center is a key issue in cloud computing [1]. Existing research mostly assumes that applications are either allocated the required resources or fail [2--15]. Combined with the fact that most cloud applications have dynamic resource requirements [16], this imposes a fundamental limitation to cloud computing: To guarantee on-demand resource allocations, the data-center needs large spare capacity, leading to inefficient resource utilization.
Thermal and particulate radiation effects on potting polymers (1970)

Clear potting polymers, investigating temperature and ionizing particle irradiation effects on properties
Electrically conducting oxide buffer layers on biaxially textured nickel alloy tapes by reel-to-reel MOCVD process (2006)

Reel-to-reel MOCVD process for continuous growth of electrically conducting buffer layers on biaxially textured Ni5W tapes has been developed. The new buffer layer architechture is presented: 200 nm (La, Ba)2CuO4/40 nm (La, Ba)MnO3/Ni5W. Constituting layers with high structural quality have been grown on moving tapes (in plane FWHM ≤ 6° and out of plane FWHM ≤ 3°).
Deregulation in STAT signaling is important for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) pathogenesis and cancer progression (2014)

Deregulation of STAT signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis for a variety of cancers, including CTCL. Constitutive activation of STAT5 and STAT3 was observed in early and late stages of CTCL, respectively. In early stages, IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 signaling via JAK1 and JAK3 kinases is believed to be responsible for activating STAT5, while in advanced stages development of IL-21 autocrine signaling is thought to be important for STAT3 activation. Recent molecular evidence further suggests that upregulation of STAT5 in early disease stages results in increased expression of oncogenic miR-155 microRNA that subsequently targets STAT4 expression on mRNA level. STAT4 signaling is known to be critical for T helper (Th) 1 phenotype differentiation and its loss results in a switch from Th1 to Th2 phenotype in malignant T cells. During this switch the expression of STAT6 is often upregulated in CTCL. In advanced stages, activation of STAT3 and STAT5 may become completely cytokine-independent and be driven only via constitutively active JAK1 and JAK3 kinases. Further research into the molecular pathogenesis of JAK/STAT signaling in this cancer may enable us to develop effective therapies for our patients.
Fast FPGA placement using space-filling curve (2005)

In this paper, we propose a placement method for island-style FPGAs, based on recursive bi-partitioning followed by application of space-filling curves. Experimental results of our method show 55% improvement in cost, when compared to random initial placement of the popular tool VPR. The solutions thus obtained require 44.5% fewer moves during final iterative refinement by ultra-low temperature simulated annealing, whereas the quality of solution is on the average 0.1% better. This establishes the utility of the method for fast reconfiguration of FPGA based co-processors.
A new level of language generation technology: capabilities and possibilities (1992)

The different tasks and types of language generation systems are discussed. There are four types of generation systems: canned-text, template, phrase-based, and feature-based systems. Canned text is the simplest way of producing output and is used in the vast majority of software. Templates, the next level of sophistication, are used when a single message must be produced multiple times with slight alterations. Phrases are generalized templates and can be developed to considerable complexity. Features are the limit point of phrase generalization. Each possible minimal alternative of expression is represented by a single feature. These systems can be applied to produce multiparagraph texts, summaries of numerical information, explanations, help systems, multimedia interfaces, software documentation and machine translation. Penman, one of several general-purpose single-sentence generators that are gradually evolving toward full-scale commercial strength, is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Editorial (Hot Topic: Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling by Natural Products) (2013)

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) lies downstream of the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR), a transmembrane tyrosine kinase In response to ligand binding, IGFR is activated via autophosphorylation of multiple tyrosine residues. Activated IGFR in turn phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrates 1-4 (IRS1-4) and src-and collagen-homology (SHC) adaptor proteins, which can trigger multiple downstream signal transduction pathways including PI3K pathway Phosphorylated IRS recruits the p85 subunit of PI3K and signals to the p110 catalytic subunit of PI3K, resulting in activation of PI3K. Activated PI3K catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2) to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) This pathway is negatively regulated by PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome ten), a dualspecificity protein and lipid phosphatase. Increased PIP3 binds to the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Akt and, in combination with additional Ser/Thr phosphorylation of Akt by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), results in full activation of Akt Subsequently, activated PI3K or Akt may positively regulate mTOR, leading to increased phosphorylation of ribosomal p70 S6 kinase (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), the two bestcharacterized downstream effector molecules of mTOR Studies have placed tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) 1/2 as a modulator between PI3K/Akt and mTOR The TSC1/2 complex acts as a repressor of mTOR function TSC2 has GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards the Ras family small GTPase Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain), and TSC1/2 antagonizes the mTOR signaling pathway via stimulation of GTP
The Spyware Used in Intimate Partner Violence (2018)

Survivors of intimate partner violence increasingly report that abusers install spyware on devices to track their location, monitor communications, and cause emotional and physical harm. To date there has been only cursory investigation into the spyware used in such intimate partner surveillance (IPS). We provide the first in-depth study of the IPS spyware ecosystem. We design, implement, and evaluate a measurement pipeline that combines web and app store crawling with machine learning to find and label apps that are potentially dangerous in IPS contexts. Ultimately we identify several hundred such IPS-relevant apps. While we find dozens of overt spyware tools, the majority are "dual-use" apps - they have a legitimate purpose (e.g., child safety or anti-theft), but are easily and effectively repurposed for spying on a partner. We document that a wealth of online resources are available to educate abusers about exploiting apps for IPS. We also show how some dual-use app developers are encouraging their use in IPS via advertisements, blogs, and customer support services. We analyze existing anti-virus and anti-spyware tools, which universally fail to identify dual-use apps as a threat.
Optimal design of miniaturized thin-film helical resonators (2008)

This paper investigates the optimal miniaturization of a helical resonator, which is in the form of a two turn helix. We theoretically demonstrate that its outmost dimension can be reduced to below 1% of the free space wavelength at resonance. Maximum miniaturization is achieved at an optimal metallic fill ratio of around 0.2 independent of diameter. Simulation and experimental results were used to validate the theoretical model and explore the miniaturization level achievable. The broadside coupled split ring resonators have the same optimal properties, but for identically sized resonator the helical design provides a factor of 2 greater miniaturization.
Changes in Model Lung Surfactant Monolayers Induced by Palmitic Acid (2001)

Pressure−area isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy, and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements show that palmitic acid induces systematic changes in the physicochemical parameters and molecular organization of model lung surfactant lipid monolayers. Adding increasing fractions of palmitic acid (PA) to a 77/23 (wt/wt) mixture of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) increased the solid-phase fraction of the monolayer as shown by pressure−area isotherms and fluorescence and Brewster angle microscopy. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction showed that the palmitic acid interacted specifically with the DPPC fraction to form a mixed crystalline solid phase with a tilt angle that decreased in proportion to the fraction of palmitic acid. Increasing the PA content is roughly equivalent to increasing the surface pressure or decreasing the temperature of the DPPC/POPG monolayers. These results are important to the rational design of replacement lung surfactants for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome.
Effect of BCG revaccination on incidence of tuberculosis in school-aged children in Brazil: the BCG-REVAC cluster-randomised trial (2005)

Revaccination given to children aged 7-14 years in this setting does not provide substantial additional protection and should not be recommended. Follow-up is ongoing and needed to assess the effect of other factors on revaccination efficacy: time since vaccination, age at vaccination, and high or low prevalence of environmental mycobacteria.
Anti-microbial activity of cobalt doped zinc oxide nanoparticles: Targeting water borne bacteria (2015)

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were chemically synthesized with cobalt doping and characterized through UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. Cobalt doped ZnO nanoparticles were found to be crystalline having a single phase as confirmed by XRD and SEM. It has been observed that the increase in the percentage of Co from 0% to 5% in ZnO, increases the crystallite size from 20.5 to 25.7 nm and accordingly its band gap varies from 3.22 to 3.30 eV. After treatment morphology of materials was changed from rod to spherical shaped. Further these nanomaterials were applied as a bactericidal agent to control water borne bacterial pathogen. Cobalt doping on zinc oxide and exposure of sunlight enhanced the antibacterial activity against water borne bacterial isolate at 50 μg concentration. Interestingly, most effective bactericidal results were found against Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae.
Nature of the growth of plasma electrolyte oxidation coating on Aluminum (2017)

The localized dielectric breakdown had been considered as the driving force for growth of plasma electrolytic oxide (PEO) coatings for several decades. However, the TEM study here reveals the dielectric breakdown behavior has little contribution for coating thickening. The presented evidences show the nature of PEO coating growth in all three consecutive stages I-III is ionic migration behavior inside the amorphous alumina layer (AAL) at the coating/matrix interface. The evolution of morphological characterizations in the PEO process is attributed to the interfacial reactions of AAL/alkaline (stage I), AAL/discharge-on-surface (stage II) and AAL/discharge-in-pore (stage III).
Toroid microinductors using segmented magnetic cores (2010)

A new approach to toroid microinductors with magnetic core is introduced. The core consist of a segmented metal-polymer composite. The investigations aim at fulfilling the demands of small size, high inductance, high operation frequency, and adequate quality factor required for modern mobile communication electronics. A torodial inductor was designed using HFSS and realized in thin-film technology with various core designs to avoid eddy currents and minimize parasitic capacitance. The magnetic core is formed by a segmented multilayer of sputter deposited soft magnetic FeCoBSi, which was deposited in a special way to realize a crossed anisotropy. The terminal impedance Z11 is determined from measured and simulated S11 parameters. Results show the unique properties of the inductors. The simulated and measured parameters are in reasonable agreement.
Development of Electric Power Generation Unit Driven by Waste Heat: Study on Working Fluids and Expansion Turbines (2007)

This paper presents the results of the development of a simple and compact power generator driven by waste heat, assuming hot water at a temperature of 80 to 90°C as a heat source. Firstly, a feasibility study on the characteristics of a low temperature power cycle (evaporated at 77°C, condensed at 42°C) was conducted. As a result, TFE (Trifluoroethanol CF3CH2OH), R123, F245fa were selected as suitable for the cycle to optimize the cycle efficiency. Experimental validation of the power generator in which TFE was adopted as a working fluid was also conducted. A radial turbine was adopted as an expander, and was newly designed using an inverse design method, whereby the 3-D blade geometry for specified blade loading distribution was numerically obtained. Turbine performance and flow fields were then validated by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The test equipment was driven by hot water as a heat source and cooling water as a cooling source, and the generated power was connected with the electric utility. The characteristics of the power generating cycle and those of the turbine were obtained experimentally. The experimental results of the expander turbine performance, using TFE as a working fluid, showed good agreement with CFD results.
Dynamic Network Probes: A Stepping Stone to Omni Network Visibility (2016)

Effective SDN control relies on the network data collecting capability as well as the quality and timeliness of the data. As open programmable data plane is becoming a reality, we further enhance it with the support of runtime interactive programming in order to cope with application dynamics, optimize data plane resource allocation, and reduce control-plane processing pressure. Based on the latest technologies, we propose the Dynamic Network Probes (DNP) as a means to support real-time and on-demand network visibility. DNPs serve as an important building block of an integrated networking data analytics platform which involves the network data plane as an active component for in-network computing. In this paper, we show the types of DNPs and their role in the big picture. We have implemented an NP-based hardware prototype to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of DNPs. We lay out the research challenges and our future work to realize the omni network visibility based on DNPs.