gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new hyper-graph partitioning for 3D-FPGA (2018)

In this paper, we present a new hyper-graph partitioning algorithm (MKHP) for 3D-FPGA circuits. Our scheme which based on multilevel paradigm has three phases. In coarsening phase, we use hyper-edge first coarsening scheme (HFC) to obtain a coarser hyper-graph; In initial partitioning phase, we use multilevel recursive bisection to obtain a high-quality k-way initial partitions; Then in uncoarsening phase, a partitioning of the coarser hyper-graph is successively projected to the next-level finer hyper-graph, and a boundary greedy refinement algorithm is used to reduce the hyper-edge cut. Our experiments show that our multilevel k-way partitioning algorithm produced partitions are 8.9% better than those produced by HMETIS which was the most famous hyper-graph partitioning algorithm.
Dispersion-Polar Surface Tension Properties of Organic Solids (1970)

A new definition for work of adhesion Wa is applied to computationally define the dispersion γs d and polar γs d components of the solid surface tension γs = γs d + γs d for twenty-five low energy substrates. These calculated surface properties are correlated with surface composition and structure. Surface dipole orientation and electron induction effects are respectively distinguished for chlorinated and partially fluorinated hydrocarbons. Published values for critical surface tension of wetting γc are correlated with both γs d and γs.
[Covalent binding of 1-aminoadamantan derivatives to protein antigens using the isothiocyanate and the imidic acid ester procedures. Part 27: Immunosuppressive agent-antigen conjugates (author's transl)]. (1981)

Because of the described immunosuppressive potency of 1-aminoadamantan, the authors prepared conjugates of N-substituted 1-aminoadamantan derivatives with human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine gamma globulin (BGG). To achieve covalent binding of 1-aminoadamantan (1) to HSA and BGG (following the isothiocyanate procedure), 1 was converted to the N-(p-isothiocyanatobenzoyl) derivative of 1-aminoadamantan (4) via the nitro compound (2) and the amino compound (3). The reaction of 4 with HSA and BGG yielded conjugates with thiourea structure. The imidic acid ester hydrochloride (7) and the thioimidic acid ester hydrochloride (11) were prepared from the N-(p-cyanobenzoyl) derivative of 1-aminoadamantan (6) and reacted with HSA and BGG to give conjugates with amidine structure.
MAGNETIC SUPER RESOLUTION (1995)

A magneto-optical disk memory with a magnetic super resolution (MSR) method can get large capacity beyond the optical limitation. One of the MSR methods is realized by a readout layer that shows in-plane magnetization at room temperature and perpendicular magnetization above a specific temperature. Here, the recording and readout characteristics of the MSR disk are investigated and a magnetic field modulation recording method is examined. The recording density reaches 2.5Gbit/inch2 with a 680nm wavelength laser.
Evaluation of Spent Bleaching Clay as a Feed Supplement in Broiler Diets (1986)

Spent bleaching clay, a bentonite product from canola oil refining, was fed to 651 broiler chickens aged 0 to 4 weeks in diets containing 2.8 to 3.1 kcal/g apparent metabolizable energy (AME). Up to 7.5% spent clay could be included successfully in the diet with no deleterious effects on feed intake, growth rate, or feed efficiency (gain/feed intake). Toxicological studies involving mortality, the weight of organs, bone ash percentage, and histopathology of tissues revealed no adverse effects. The AME was 2.87 kcal/g (dry matter basis). The product had beneficial effect on pellet hardness. Reclaimed oil gave slightly poorer growth than refined oil but had no toxic effects. Spent clay did not influence broiler skin color significantly, although unused clay had a marked adverse effect. The results suggest that spent bleaching clay could be added to poultry feed at .5 to 2% clay, which is similar to the amount of bentonite clay used currently.
Developing an expert system to diagnose computer program outputs (2002)

Reported by the author is an expert system which enhances the capability of a nonlinear optimization program. Included are discussions on the knowledge acquisition aspect and the advantageous use of neural networks to accomplish knowledge acquisition. The expert system diagnoses the output of the NPSOL optimization package and seeks to find errors in the user-supplied inputs. These errors result from poor modeling formulation of the problem and poor parameter settings when running the program. A prototype system is installed on a Unix machine.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Draft genome sequence of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), an orphan legume crop of resource-poor farmers (2011)

Pigeonpea is an important legume food crop grown primarily by smallholder farmers in many semi-arid tropical regions of the world. We used the Illumina next-generation sequencing platform to generate 237.2 Gb of sequence, which along with Sanger-based bacterial artificial chromosome end sequences and a genetic map, we assembled into scaffolds representing 72.7% (605.78 Mb) of the 833.07 Mb pigeonpea genome. Genome analysis predicted 48,680 genes for pigeonpea and also showed the potential role that certain gene families, for example, drought tolerance-related genes, have played throughout the domestication of pigeonpea and the evolution of its ancestors. Although we found a few segmental duplication events, we did not observe the recent genome-wide duplication events observed in soybean. This reference genome sequence will facilitate the identification of the genetic basis of agronomically important traits, and accelerate the development of improved pigeonpea varieties that could improve food security in many developing countries.
Novel Ka-band Substrate Integrated Folded Waveguide (SIFW) Quasi-elliptic filters in LTCC (2008)

An improved SIFW structure is proposed for the first time in this paper. Base on the new structure, two novel millimeter-wave SIFW BPFs have been analyzed and designed in this paper. Through the cross-coupling, the filters could provide TZs on lower and higher stopband which greatly enhance the side-band rejection. LTCC technology is also implemented to realize further compact size of this filter. Moreover, the length of the filter is nearly half of the unfolded counterpart, which has important significance for system's miniaturization.
Automatic working area classification in peripheral blood smears without cell central zone extraction (2008)

In this paper we study automatic classification of working areas in peripheral blood smears using image analysis and recognition methods. Such automatic classification can provide objective and reproducible quality control for the evaluation of smears and smear maker devices. However, research in this filed has drawn little attention. Existing methods either can not differentiate correctly different cell distributions or rely on the extraction of the central pallor zones in cells for counting, which are not always observable. In contrast, we do not rely on the pallor zone extraction thus on more general basis. We introduce two generic parameters to measure the goodness of working areas, one for the degree of overlap, and the other for the spatial occupancy. We also propose a cascading classification network for the classification of different areas. The effectiveness of our method has been tested on over 150 labeled images acquired from three malaria-infected Giemsa-stained blood smears using an oil immersion 100 x objective.
Teaching a computer to read (2003)

Current OCR devices generate too many errors due to missegmentation and multifont confusion. Some of these errors can be avoided or corrected though greater use of linguistic context and local shape consistency in printed matter. To teach machines to read, OCR designers should allow their devices to modify their internal parameters according to information gained through a family of internal feedback loops.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Carcinoembryonic antigen and blood group substances. (1973)

Immunochemical studies support the view that carcinoembryonic antigens from entodermally derived adenocarcinomata are incomplete blood group substances of the ABO system. The deficient antigens have a tumor-specific activity, due to unmasking of a structural sequence that is cryptic in the normal situation. Two other serological activities of the tumor antigens are determined by N -acetylgalactosaminyl peptide and antigenic Complex I sequences identical to those found in blood group substances. The structural results imply that the genetic changes in oncogenesis include deletion or repression of the gene(s) controlling the transferase(s) for the terminal sequences of classical ABO-active glycoproteins. The development of specific serodiagnostic tests for tumors of entodermal origin will probably depend on the production of sera with high activity for the tumor-specific determinant and little or no activity for the normal blood group sequences also found in carcinoembryonic antigen.
Temperature dependence of TDDB voltage acceleration in high-&#x03BA;/ SiO<inf>2</inf> bilayers and SiO<inf>2</inf> gate dielectrics (2012)

In this work, experimental evidence of time-to-breakdown power-law voltage acceleration for high-κ/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> bilayer dielectrics is presented. The temperature dependence of voltage acceleration power-law exponents for high-κ/SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> bilayer stressed in pFET inversion is found to be comparable to those of SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> dielectrics. In addition, the temperature-dependence of voltage acceleration for progressive BD mode is reported. On the other hand, we present a thermally assisted hydrogen release-reaction model which can explain three key experimental observations: (1) the temperature dependence of voltage acceleration exponents, (2) the non-Arrhenius temperature dependence of TDDB, and (3) the large activation energy at high temperatures.
Passive LED driver compatible with rapid-start ballast (2011)

A new LED fluorescent driver compatible with a rapid-start ballast is proposed. Using a compensation circuit composed of passive elements, a new LED fluorescent driver having highly reliable and robust characteristics was developed. This driver can prevent the fire problem that arose in conventional LED fluorescent switching power supplies. The design principle and architecture of the proposed LED driver was explained, and its feasibility was confirmed by simulations and experiments.
Static and Dynamic Analysis for Android Malware Detection (2016)

Static analysis relies on features extracted without executing code, while dynamic analysis extracts features based on code execution (or emulation). In general, static analysis is more e cient, while static analysis is often more informative, particularly in cases of highly obfuscated code. Static analysis of an Android application can rely on features extracted from the manifest le or the Java bytecode, while dynamic analysis of Android applications can deal with features involving dynamic code loading and system calls that are collected while the application is running. In this research, we analyzed the e ectiveness of combining static and dynamic features for detecting Android malware using machine learning techniques . We also carefully analyze the robustness of our scoring technique.
DNA/RNA transverse current sequencing: intrinsic structural noise from neighboring bases (2015)

Nanopore DNA sequencing via transverse current has emerged as a promising candidate for third-generation sequencing technology. It produces long read lengths which could alleviate problems with assembly errors inherent in current technologies. However, the high error rates of nanopore sequencing have to be addressed. A very important source of the error is the intrinsic noise in the current arising from carrier dispersion along the chain of the molecule, i.e., from the influence of neighboring bases. In this work we perform calculations of the transverse current within an effective multi-orbital tight-binding model derived from first-principles calculations of the DNA/RNA molecules, to study the effect of this structural noise on the error rates in DNA/RNA sequencing via transverse current in nanopores. We demonstrate that a statistical technique, utilizing not only the currents through the nucleotides but also the correlations in the currents, can in principle reduce the error rate below any desired precision.
Chimeric gag-V3 virus-like particles of human immunodeficiency virus induce virus-neutralizing antibodies. (1992)

A 41-kDa unprocessed human immunodeficiency virus 2 (HIV-2) gag precursor protein that has a deletion of a portion of the viral protease assembles as virus-like particles by budding through the cytoplasmic membrane of recombinant baculovirus-infected insect cells. We have constructed six different combinations of chimeric genes by coupling the truncated HIV-2 gag gene to the neutralizing domain (V3) or the neutralizing and the CD4 binding domains (V3+CD4BD) of gp120 env gene sequences from HIV-1 or HIV-2. The env gene sequences were inserted either into the middle of the gag gene or at the 3' terminus of the gag gene. Virus-like particles were formed by chimeric gene products only when the env gene sequences were linked to the 3' terminus of the gag gene. Insertion of env gene sequence in the middle of the gag gene resulted in high-level chimeric gene expression but without the formation of virus-like particles. Three different chimeric genes [gag gene with HIV-1 V3 (1V3), gag gene with HIV-2 V3 (2V3), and gag gene with HIV-2 V3+CD4BD (2V3+CD4BD)] formed virus-like particles that were secreted into the cell culture medium. In contrast, the HIV-1 V3+CD4BD/HIV-2 gag construct did not form virus-like particles. The chimeric gag-env particles had spherical morphology and the size was slightly larger than that of the gag particles, but the chimeric particles were similar to the mature HIV particles. Western blot analysis showed that the gag-env chimeric proteins were recognized by antibodies in HIV-positive human serum and rabbit anti-gp120 serum. Rabbit anti-gag 1V3 and anti-gag 2V3 sera reacted with authentic gp120 of HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively, and neutralized homologous HIV infectivity. Our results show that precursor gag protein has potential as a carrier for the presentation of foreign epitopes in good immunological context. The gag protein is highly immunogenic and has the ability to carry large foreign inserts; as such, it offers an attractive approach for HIV vaccine development.
Utility of peak shape analyses in determining unresolved interferences in exact mass measurements at low resolution (1998)

Low resolution methods can provide exact mass data comparable to that obtained with high resolution instrumentation and offer potential advantages in throughput and robustness. However, low resolution exact mass techniques have realized limited use largely because of the possibility of errors caused by unresolved interferences. Here the utility of statistical peak shape analysis for determining unresolved interferences at low resolution is considered. Equations describing the effect of unresolved interferences on statistical peak shape parameters are developed and used to investigate the extent to which evaluations of peak shape can be used to reduce the likelihood of mass measurement errors. Peak shape analysis is shown to be a highly effective and sensitive method of determining unresolved interferences. Mass measurement errors resulting from undetermined interferences are found to increase with increasing relative abundance of the interfering peak, to increase with decreasing resolution, and to increase with decreasing precision in the intensity measurement. At low resolution, undetermined interferences as small as a few percent relative abundance can produce mass measurement errors in excess of 5 ppm. Peak shape analyses alone do not appear adequate to eliminate the risk of significant mass measurement errors resulting from unresolved interferences at low resolution.
Unsupervised Segmentation Based on Robust Estimation and Color Active Contour Models (2005)

One of the most commonly used clinical tests performed today is the routine evaluation of peripheral blood smears. In this paper, we investigate the design, development, and implementation of a robust color gradient vector flow (GVF) active contour model for performing segmentation, using a database of 1791 imaged cells. The algorithms developed for this research operate in Luv color space, and introduce a color gradient and L2E robust estimation into the traditional GVF snake. The accuracy of the new model was compared with the segmentation results using a mean-shift approach, the traditional color GVF snake, and several other commonly used segmentation strategies. The unsupervised robust color snake with L2E robust estimation was shown to provide results which were superior to the other unsupervised approaches, and was comparable with supervised segmentation, as judged by a panel of human experts.
Multicellular aggregation of maltol-modified cells triggered by Fe3+ ions (2013)

The synthesis of a maltol-derived hydrazide is described which, once attached to a cell surface, induces rapid multicellular aggregation selectively in the presence of Fe(3+) ions. Heterocellular aggregates are also reported.
Studies on the Mechanism of Neutralization of Influenza Virus by Antibody: Evidence that Neutralizing Antibody (Anti-haemagglutinin) Inactivates Influenza Virus in vivo by Inhibiting Virion Transcriptase Activity (1982)

Influenza viruses, which had lost up to 99.999% infectivity by incubation with antibody (a) specific for the haemagglutinin (HA) or with monoclonal alpha-HA, attached on to and penetrated chick embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells to the same extent as non-neutralized virus. Neutralized virus was also uncoated efficiently as shown by the accumulation of virion RNA in the nucleus and virion envelope in the cytoplasm. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of virion RNA segments recovered from the nucleus or cytoplasm of cells inoculated with neutralized or non-neutralized virus showed that antibody did not potentiate degradation of RNA. However, these RNAs were not expressed since virus-induced proteins were not detected in cells to which neutralized virus had been added. Assay of virion transcriptase of neutralized virus in vitro showed that its activity was reduced up to sevenfold compared with non-neutralized virus, and annealing studies showed that no detectable transcription took place in vivo with neutralized virus. These studies support the conclusion that antibody directed specifically against the HA protein on the outer surface of the influenza virus particle neutralizes infectivity by inactivating virion transcriptase activity and it is suggested that antibody to HA brings about allosteric rearrangements in the HA molecule which are transmitted across the virus envelope to the interior of the particle.
Autecological studies on Audouinia capitata (Bruniaceae). I. Plant-derived smoke as a seed germination cue (1990)

Seeds of Audouinia capitata, a threatened fynbos species, are known to germinate under natural conditions only after fires. Experimental results are presented which demonstrate that seed germination is initiated by chemical factor(s) found in smoke, derived from burning fynbos plant material. Dit is bekend dat sade van Audouinia capitata, ’n bedreigde fynbos spesie, onder natuurlike toestande slegs na vure ontkiem. Eksperimentele resultate word aangebied waarin daar gedemonstreer word dat ontkieming van saad deur chemise faktor(e) aanwesig in rook afkomstig van brandende fynbos plantmateriaal, geïnisieer word.
Sparse antenna arrays properties investigation in radioimage forming systems (2003)

The usage of a sparse antenna structure for radioimage formation is considered. A method of sparse antenna array geometry synthesis was proposed.
The Farmer and the Bushman <sup/> (2001)

Abstract We identify two distinct forms of masculinity, Australian and Cuban. The first is best expressed in the nineteenth century bushman's ballads, which celebrated wandering, mateship, independence of bosses, sardonic acceptance of fate, the absence of women and uninterest in the physical landscape. The values of the Cuban guajiro or rural labourer, expressed in the songs of the first half of the twentieth century, celebrated permanence, individualism, a heroic acceptance of fate, the presence of women and a deep attachment to the physical landscape. The differing physical landscapes, the one arid and unforgiving, the other lush and productive, compounded their British and Spanish cultural origins to create two powerful rhetorics of manhood. Both men and their rhetoric were overtaken, then transformed, by political and environmental developments which were not of their choosing.
Synthesis of Phosphaisoquinolin-1-ones by Pd(II)-Catalyzed Cyclization of <i>o</i>-(1-Alkynyl)phenylphosphonamide Monoesters (2006)

A Pd(II)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of o-(1-alkynyl)phenylphosphonamide monoethyl esters was examined, and a new class of six-membered phosphorus heterocycles (phosphaisoquinolin-1-ones) were formed with high regioselectivity and good yields. The present reaction is the first example of intramolecular addition of P-NH to substituted alkynes, which provides a valuable way to synthesize novel phosphorus heterocycles with potential bioactivities.
Superplastic forming and diffusion bonding of Inconel 718 (1984)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Ferryl haem protonation gates peroxidatic reactivity in globins (2007)

Ferryl (Fe(IV)=O) species are involved in key enzymatic processes with direct biomedical relevance; among others, the uncontrolled reactivities of ferryl Mb (myoglobin) and Hb (haemoglobin) have been reported to be central to the pathology of rhabdomyolysis and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Rapid-scan stopped-flow methods have been used to monitor the spectra of the ferryl species in Mb and Hb as a function of pH. The ferryl forms of both proteins display an optical transition with pK approximately 4.7, and this is assigned to protonation of the ferryl species itself. We also demonstrate for the first time a direct correlation between Hb/Mb ferryl reactivity and ferryl protonation status, simultaneously informing on chemical mechanism and toxicity and with broader biochemical implications.