gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Emodin inhibits invasion and migration of prostate and lung cancer cells by downregulating the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 (2012)

Emodin (ED), an anthraquinone derivative, has been found to inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, suppress angiogenesis, impede metastasis, and enhance chemotherapy. However, the detailed mechanism of ED related to the regulation of CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) gene expression that affects cellular migration and invasion in prostate and lung cancer cells are not fully understood. Recent evidence indicates that the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis is involved in promoting invasion and metastasis in tumors. Thus, novel agents that can downregulate CXCR4 expression have therapeutic potential in repressing cancer metastasis. Among ED and its derivatives, it is found that ED downregulated the expression of both CXCR4 and HER2 without affecting cell viability in tumor cells. The suppression of CXCR4 expression by ED was found to correlate with the inhibition of CXCL12-induced migration and invasion of both DU145 and A549 cells. Besides, neither proteasome inhibition nor lysosomal stabilization had any effect on ED-induced decrease in CXCR4 expression. The basic molecular mechanisms unveiled that the downregulation of CXCR4 was at the transcriptional level, as indicated by downregulation of mRNA expression and suppression of NF-κB activation. Overall, our findings suggest that ED is a novel blocker of CXCR4 expression and, thus, has enormous potential as a powerful therapeutic agent for metastatic cancer.
Research and development of high performance axial-flow turbomachinery. Volume 2 - Design of gas bearings (1968)

Design and dynamic simulator testing of gas bearing rotor support for high performance axial flow turbomachinery
Integrating machine learning and workflow management to support acquisition and adaptation of workflow models (2002)

Current workflow management systems (WFMS) offer little aid for the acquisition of workflow models and their adaptation to changing requirements. To support these activities we propose to integrate machine learning and workflow management. This enables an inductive approach to workflow acquisition and adaptation by processing traces of manually enacted workflows. We present a machine learning component that combines two different machine learning algorithms. In this paper we focus mainly on the first one, which induces the structure of the workflow, based on the induction of hidden markov models. The second algorithm, a standard decision rule induction algorithm, induces transition conditions. The main concepts have been implemented in a prototype, which we have validated using artificial process traces. The induced workflow models can be imported by the business process management system ADONIS.
Pluronic polymersomes stabilized by core cross-linked polymer micelles (2009)

Vesicles from Pluronic L121 (PEO5-PPO68-PEO5) triblock copolymers were stabilized against aggregation by Pluronic P85 (PEO26-PPO40-PEO26) micelles. Both the vesicles and the micelles were reinforced by an interpenetrating polymer network from pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETA). AFM, electron microscopy and fluorescence labeling studies are used to investigate the morphology of the capsules. The P85 micelles are integrated into the L121 polymersome walls, while both types of Pluronic block copolymer are also non-covalently trapped in their respective interpenetrating acrylate networks. The micelle-containing vesicles retain their size upon heating until at least 33 °C. Upon cooling below room temperature the vesicles reversibly lose block copolymers. It was shown that the double-stabilized vesicles are readily internalized in HeLa and Caco-2 cells.
Gold–silica nanocomposites for the detection of human ovarian cancer cells: a preliminary study (2007)

We report the structural and optical properties of Au nanoparticles embedded in a silica matrix synthesized by atom beam co-sputtering. The presence of surface plasmon resonant absorption indicates the formation of Au nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies show the presence of Au nanoparticles with an average size ranging from ∼1.8 to 5.4 nm with narrow size distributions depending on the relative areas of Au and SiO2. We discuss the process of nucleation and growth of Au nanoparticles in the nanocomposite films formed by co-sputtering. The present method of nanoparticle synthesis is compared with other ion beam based techniques such as ion implantation and ion beam mixing. Preliminary experiments for the detection of human ovarian cancer cells using these Au nanoparticles are described.
Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leucocyte locomotion by surface-bound antigen-antibody complexes. (1983)

Locomotion of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) on solid surfaces with bound antigen-antibody complexes was studied. The amount of surface-bound antibody was determined with ellipsometry, a surface-sensitive optical method. Locomotion of PMNL was inhibited on surfaces coated with bilayers of human serum albumin and the corresponding antibody. The critical amount of antibody required for inhibition was measured to 0.50 X 10(-8) micrograms/microns 2, corresponding to 1.6 X 10(6) antibody molecules per PMNL. Once immobilized on antigen-antibody coated surfaces, PMNL did not move chemotactically in response to formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). The receptor for fMLP appeared to be intact, however, since the cells responded metabolically to the chemotactic peptide.
A Comparison of Formulations for the Single-Airport Ground-Holding Problem with Banking Constraints (2000)

Both the single-airport ground-holding problem (GH) and the multi-airport ground-holding problem can be extended by the addition of banking constraints to accommodate the hubbing operations of major airlines. These constraints enforce the desire of airlines to land certain groups of flights, called banks, within fixed time windows, thus preventing the propagation of delays throughout their entire operation. GH can be formulated as a transportation problem and readily solved. But in the presence of banking constraints, GH becomes a difficult integer programming problem. In this paper, we construct five different models of the single-airport ground-holding problem with banking constraints (GHB). The models are evaluated both computationally and analytically. For two of the models, we show that the banking constraints induce facets of the convex hull of the set of integer solutions. In addition, we explore a linear transformation of variables and a branching technique.
Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Microalgae: A Review of the Regulation of Growth, Stress Resistance, Metabolic Processes, and Biodegradation of Pollutants (2021)

Adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) experiments are a serviceable method for the industrial utilization of the microalgae, which can improve the phenotype, performance, and stability of microalgae to obtain strains containing beneficial mutations. In this article, we reviewed the research into the microalgae ALE test and assessed the improvement of microalgae growth, tolerance, metabolism, and substrate utilization by ALE. In addition, the principles of ALE and the key factors of experimental design, as well as the issues and drawbacks of the microalgae ALE method were discussed. In general, improving the efficiency of ALE and verifying the stability of ALE resulting strains are the primary problems that need to be solved in future research, making it a promising method for the application of microalgae biotechnology.
VEGF enhances intraneural angiogenesis and improves nerve regeneration after axotomy (2000)

Whilst there is an increased understanding of the cell biology of nerve regeneration, it remains unclear whether there is a direct interrelationship between vascularisation and efficacy of nerve regeneration within a nerve conduit. To establish this is important as in clinical surgery peripheral nerve conduit grafting has been widely investigated as a possible alternative to the use of nerve autografts. The aim of this study was to assess whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a highly specific endothelial cell mitogen, can enhance vascularisation and, indirectly, axonal regeneration within a silicone nerve regeneration chamber. Chambers containing VEGF (500-700 ng/ml) in a laminin-based gel (Matrigel) were inserted into 1 cm rat sciatic nerve defects and nerve regeneration examined in relation to angiogenesis between 5 and 180 d. Longitudinal sections were stained with antibodies against endothelial cells (RECA-1), axons (neurofilament) and Schwann cells (S-100) to follow the progression of vascular and neural elements. Computerised image analysis demonstrated that the addition of VEGF significantly increased blood vessel penetration within the chamber from d 5, and by d 10 this correlated with an increase of axonal regeneration and Schwann cell migration. The pattern of increased nerve regeneration due to VEGF administration was maintained up to 180 d, when myelinated axon counts were increased by 78 % compared with plain Matrigel control. Furthermore the dose-response of blood vessel regeneration to VEGF was clearly reflected in the increase of axonal regrowth and Schwann cell proliferation, indicating the close relationship between regenerating nerves and blood vessels within the chamber. Target organ reinnervation was enhanced by VEGF at 180 d as measured through the recovery of gastrocnemius muscle weights and footpad axonal terminal density, the latter showing a significant increase over controls (P < 0.05). The results demonstrate an overall relationship between increased vascularisation and enhanced nerve regeneration within an acellular conduit, and highlight the interdependence of the 2 processes.
A Low Noise Sub-Sampling PLL in Which Divider Noise is Eliminated and PD/CP Noise is Not Multiplied by $N ^{2}$ (2009)

This paper presents a 2.2-GHz low jitter sub-sampling based PLL. It uses a phase-detector/charge-pump (PD/CP) that sub-samples the VCO output with the reference clock. In contrast to what happens in a classical PLL, the PD/CP noise is not multiplied by <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in this sub-sampling PLL, resulting in a low noise contribution from the PD/CP. Moreover, no frequency divider is needed in the locked state and hence divider noise and power can be eliminated. An added frequency locked loop guarantees correct frequency locking without degenerating jitter performance when in lock. The PLL is implemented in a standard 0.18- ¿m CMOS process. It consumes 4.2 mA from a 1.8 V supply and occupies an active area of 0.4 × 0.45 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . With a frequency division ratio of 40, the in-band phase noise at 200 kHz offset is measured to be -126 dBc/Hz. The rms PLL output jitter integrated from 10 kHz to 40 MHz is 0.15 ps.
A Reconfigurable Patch Antenna Using Liquid Metal Embedded in a Silicone Substrate (2011)

A frequency-reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is implemented using a stretchable silicone TC5005 substrate. The stretchable patch is fabricated by injecting liquid metal alloy Galinstan into a square reservoir fabricated in the silicone elastomer substrate. An aperture-coupled feeding method is presented to enhance the strain by separating the fixed feed element from the stretched radiating element. The implemented prototype is demonstrated to be stretchable by a strain of up to 300% (and the material has the potential for more). The electrical length of the patch antenna varies with the stretching, and we demonstrate frequency tuning from 1.3 to 3 GHz. A maximum radiation efficiency of 80% is measured for the antenna. The fabrication process of the antenna system and experimental results for impedance and radiation pattern are presented.
Sensitization of the  -adrenergic system in acute myocardial ischaemia by a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism (1991)

In acute myocardial infarction the occurrence of malignant arrhythmias and the spreading of the infarcted zone followed by the development of heart failure determine the clinical outcome of the disease. The activity of the adrenergic system plays an important role in both. At various levels acute myocardial ischaemia induces an inadequate activation of the adrenergic system. The increased presynaptic release of endogenous catecholamines does not promote the expected desensitization at the postsynaptic level. In contrast, acute ischaemia leads to a rapid and persistent increase of functionally coupled beta-adrenergic receptors, which in the early phase of acute ischaemia, induce an increased responsiveness of the adenylyl cyclase system to beta-adrenergic stimulation. This sensitization at the receptor level is superimposed by a receptor-independent sensitization of the adenylyl cyclase and a loss of tonic inhibition due to the functional impairment of the inhibitory G protein. At the enzyme level a transient sensitization of adenylyl cyclase in acute myocardial ischaemia is due to a modification of the enzyme, which is tightly associated with the purified enzyme. Only inhibition of protein kinase C is able to block completely the ischaemia-induced sensitization of adenylyl cyclase. Based on these data, it could be demonstrated that acute myocardial ischaemia leads to a rapid activation of protein kinase C by an as yet undefined mechanism. Beyond the sensitization of adenylyl cyclase, activation of protein kinase C may directly activate ion channels or the N+/H+ echanger, and it may induce the increased expression of oncogenes and thus crucially influence the clinical outcome of an acute myocardial infarction.
Podocyte-Specific Expression of Angiopoietin-2 Causes Proteinuria and Apoptosis of Glomerular Endothelia (2007)

Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) modulates embryonic vascular differentiation primarily by inhibiting the antiapoptotic effects of Ang-1 on endothelia that express the Tie-2 receptor. Ang-2 is transiently expressed by developing glomeruli but is downregulated with normal maturation. Glomerular Ang-2 expression is, however, markedly upregulated in animal models of diabetic nephropathy and glomerulonephritis, both leading causes of human chronic renal disease, affecting 10% of the world population. It was hypothesized that Ang-2 might have significant roles in the pathobiology of glomerular disease. Mice with inducible podocyte-specific Ang-2 overexpression were generated. When the transgene was induced in adults for up to 10 wk, mice had significant increases in both albuminuria and glomerular endothelial apoptosis, with significant decreases of both vascular endothelial growth factor-A and nephrin proteins, critical for maintenance of glomerular endothelia and filtration barrier functional integrity, respectively. There was, however, no significant change of systemic BP, creatinine clearance, or markers of renal fibrosis, and podocytes appeared structurally intact. In kidneys of young animals in which Ang-2 had been upregulated during organogenesis, increased apoptosis occurred in just-formed glomeruli. In vitro, short-term exposure of isolated wild-type murine glomeruli to exogenous Ang-2 led to decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor-A protein. These novel results provide insight into molecular mechanisms underlying proteinuric disorders, highlight potentially complex interactions between subsets of glomerular cells, and emphasize how a vascular growth factor that has critical roles in normal development may be harmful when re-expressed in the context of adult disease.
La Carcinine (β-alanyl-Histamine): Synthèse Rapide, Action Sur La Pression Sanguine Des Vertébrés (1977)

1.-- Synthesis of carcinine was performed by direct condensation of beta-alanine with histamine (free base), in the presence of N-N'-dicyclocarbodiimide. The amine radical of beta-alanine was protected by the t-butoxycarbonyl radical. This fast and simple method yielded a perfectly pure crystalline product. 2.-- Carcinine had no influence upon heartbeat frequency nor on respiratory movements in rats. 3. -- Carcinine had a vasodepressive action upon Vertebrates. It was active at half the concentration of carnosine and at about a thousand times the concentration of histamine. It appeared that histamine lost a great extent of its activity when linked with beta-alanine.
Human Disease Due to Mycobacterium smegmatis (1988)

Mycobacterium smegmatis is a rapidly growing environmental species not considered a human pathogen. We identified 22 human isolates of M. smegmatis from Australia and the southern United States: 19 were from skin or soft-tissue infections, and none were from urine or the male genital tract. These isolates closely resembled Mycobacterium fortuitum, except for a negative three-day arylsulfatase test; growth at 43-45 C; a low semiquantitative catalase test; and, in 50% of isolates, a late-developing, yellow-to-orange pigment. The isolates were biochemically identical to four reference strains and the type strain of M. smegmatis. Isolates were resistant to isoniazid and rifampin but susceptible to ethambutol, doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, and amikacin. Eleven patients treated on the basis of in vitro susceptibility tests responded well to therapy. The similarity of M. smegmatis to M. fortuitum and the failure to recognize that the former is an environmental species may have contributed to previous failures to recognize it as a human pathogen.
New magnetic structures for switching converters (1983)

In the past the majority of power processing applications have been centered around a very few standard switching converter topologies. Recently, a number of new converter topologies have been proposed in order to find the best possible electrical inter connection of power processing elements: switches, storage components, and transformers, that would yield the highest efficiency and best performance. However the equally important and complementary problem of their best magnetic interconnection has been completely overlooked. In some new converter structures, the nature of the switching process and existing waveforms allows integration of previously separate inductors and transformers into a single magnetic structure. Several such magnetic core structures are proposed and analyzed, which lead to further converter simplifications and performance improvements.
Nucleotide sequences of two cellulase genes from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain N-4 and their strong homology (1986)

Two genes for cellulases of alkalophilic Bacillus sp. strain N-4 (ATCC 21833) have been sequenced. From the DNA sequences the cellulases encoded in the plasmids pNK1 and pNK2 consist of 488 and 409 amino acids, respectively. The DNA and protein sequences of the pNK1-encoded cellulase are related to those of the pNK2-encoded cellulase. The pNK2-encoded cellulase lacks the direct repeat sequence of a stretch of 60 amino acids near the C-terminal end of the pNK1-encoded cellulase. The duplication of the cellulase genes and the formation of the direct repeat in the pNK1-encoded cellulase occurred at almost the same time.
Low-temperature synthesis of Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>nanoparticles loaded on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and their application in electrochemical capacitors (2008)

A low-temperature, efficient and one-step deposition method, in which Mn(CH(3)COO)(2)·4H(2)O serves as precursor and O(2) as oxidant, was employed to deposit Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in ethanol solution at 150 and 200 °C. The resulting Mn(3)O(4)/MWCNT composites were characterized by means of different techniques including x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was indicated that the Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles were attached uniformly on MWCNTs with sizes less than 10 nm, and the loading amount of Mn(3)O(4) could be tuned by changing the initial weight ratio of Mn(CH(3)COO)(2)·4H(2)O/MWCNT. The electrochemical behavior of the Mn(3)O(4)/MWCNT composites was examined by cyclic voltammetry, and the result indicated the specific capacitance of the composite electrode was 330 F g(-1), nearly 18 times higher than that of the pure MWCNT electrode. The good performance of the as-prepared composites as electrode material may be attributed to the synergistic effects of the Mn(3)O(4) nanoparticles and the MWCNTs.
Adaptivity of a real-symmetric arrayby DOA estimation andnull steering (1997)

An efficient two-step adaptive algorithm is presented for a uniformly spaced linear array using symmetric amplitude only control (SAOC). In the first step of the algorithm, the directions of arrival (DOAs) of the interfering signals are estimated using the noise-subspace eigenvectors of a real-symmetric covariance matrix, which has a dimension half that of the array. As the dimension of the problem is halved, and only real numbers are involved, the computation time is significantly reduced as compared with conventional subspace methods. Owing to the symmetry property of the direction vector, image directions arise from the DOA estimation process. However, with the SAOC null-steering method applied in the second step, it is not necessary to identify the true DOAs before suppressing the interfering signals. This greatly simplifies the design and improves the adaptive response. Moreover, the SAOC null-steering method is computational efficient and allows the implementation of a monopulse technique for tracking the DOA of the desired signal. Computer simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive algorithm and monopulse technique.
A Stable Polyaniline‐Benzoquinone‐Hydroquinone Supercapacitor (2014)

A Polyaniline-Supercapacitor with quinone electrolytes remains stable over 50 000 galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles. The quinones provide superior stability by preventing the conversion of porous polyaniline to a highly reactive state. Our work shows that highly stable polymer-supercapacitors can be engineered by combining electrochemically active polymers and redox-active electrolytes with concerted electrochemical properties.
The response of airfoils to periodic disturbances - The unsteady Kutta condition (1986)

Two cases of unsteady flowfields over a NACA 0012 airfoil at an angle of attack are examined. The first is the classical pitching motion about the airfoil's quarter chord. The second is the flow over a fixed airfoil immersed in the wake of the pitching airfoil. Large reduced frequencies are examined. Measurements were obtained in a water tunnel by laser Doppler velocimetry. Ensemble-averaged velocity measurements were obtained in the vicinity of the trailing edges of both the pitching and the fixed airfoil. The results indicate that the classical unsteady Kutta condition is clearly not valid. An extension of this condition earlier proposed by Giesing and Maskell is examined and some evidence is provided for its support.