gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> acquires mutations in analogous regions of gyrA and parC in fluoroquinolone‐resistant isolates (1994)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae homologues of gyrA and parC have been identified using hybridization probes generated from conserved regions of diverse gyrA genes. These genes have been tentatively identified as gyrA and parC, based on predicted amino acid sequence homologies to known GyrA homologues from numerous bacterial species and to ParC from Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The gyrA gene maps to a physical location distant from the gyrB locus on the gonococcal chromosome, which is similar to the situation found in E. coli. The parC gene is not closely linked (i.e. greater than 9 kb) to an identifiable parE gene in N. gonorrhoeae. The gonococcal GyrA is slightly larger than its E. coli homologue and contains several small insertions near the C-terminus of the predicted open reading frame. A series of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants were selected by passage of N. gonorrhoeae on increasing concentrations of the antibiotic. Sequential passage resulted in the selection of isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations approximately 10,000-fold higher than the parental strain. Mutations within gyrA resulted in low to moderate levels of resistance, while strains with high-level resistance acquired analogous mutations in both gyrA and parC. Resistance mutations were readily transferred between N. gonorrhoeae strains by transformation. The frequencies of transformation, resulting in different levels of ciprofloxacin resistance, further support the notion that both gyrA and parC genes are involved in the establishment of extreme levels of ciprofloxacin resistance.
Tandem Acidizing-Corrosion Inhibition with Low Risk-Low Toxicity Chelant (2015)

Abstract Temperature plays an important role when acidizing wells using proper acid-stimulation techniques. Typically, with increasing temperatures, stimulation of carbonate formations using hydrochloric acid (HCl) becomes less of a viable candidate for a myriad of reasons, including near-wellbore (NWB) spending and increased corrosion attributed to the aggressive and reactive nature of HCl. While corrosion can be tamed using a proper corrosion inhibitor, NWB spending of the acid cannot be eliminated or reduced without retarding the acid with oil/polymer emulsions or foams. Albeit, efficacy of both has shown to tame this reactive nature, breaking the emulsion or foam can lead to formation damage, incomplete acid spending, or additional pumping stages, all of which add complexity to the treatment. Herein, a new solid chelating acid is presented, which eliminates many problems typically associated with HCl treatments. This solid acid, when introduced before or in conjunction with an HCl treatment, creates an acid-insoluble filter cake, thus preventing NWB spending. In addition, corrosion testing revealed the solid chelant displays corrosion characteristics similar to aminopolycarboxylic acids and phosphonates, altering the corrosion effects of the HCl acid with tubulars and downhole equipment. Testing with the solid acid revealed that it can easily be suspended in a gelled HCl acid for placement before or in conjunction with an HCl treatment and exhibits diversionary properties attributed to the small size of the particle entering the pore throats in high permeable matrices. When applied to acid fracturing techniques, core flow testing demonstrated the cake focuses acid spending in a manner resulting in channel-like asperities, rather than broad dissolution of a fracture face. When this technology was applied to matrix acidizing, testing revealed reduced wormhole channel diameter, thus highlighting the effectiveness toward deep matrix penetration of the reactive acid. In continuance, the filter cake is easily removed with a neutral or alkaline overflush, therefore negating formation damage. Once the filter cake is removed, it exhibits chelation characteristics, thereby retaining spent acid byproducts in solution. This unique property by itself reduces the propensity for recombination of dissolved ions, which can lead to precipitation and possible formation damage.
Heuristic Scheduling of Grid Workflows Supporting Co-Allocation and Advance Reservation (2007)

Applications to be executed in grid computing environments become more and more complex and usually consist of multiple interdependent tasks. The coordinated execution of such tightly or loosely coupled tasks often requires simultaneous access to different grid resources. This leads to the problem of resource co-allocation. Efficient and robust scheduling algorithms have to be developed that can cope with the Grid's large- scale distribution, a high number of competing and demanding applications, the inherent resource heterogeneity and the often limited view on resource availability. In this paper, we present two heuristic scheduling algorithms that are based on a well-known list scheduling algorithm and both support co- allocation and advance resource reservation. Our first algorithm preserves the run-time efficiency of greedy list schedulers while the second approach incorporates more sophisticated search techniques in order to achieve better results with respect to the performance metrics. Both algorithms have been implemented within a grid simulation framework. An extensive simulation study was conducted to evaluate and compare the performance of both algorithms. It showed the general suitability of our enhanced list scheduling heuristics within heterogeneous grid environments.
Bone mineral density is reduced in female but not male subjects with Addison's disease. (1994)

Women with Addison's disease therefore have a greater than expected reduction in BMD. We postulate that this may be related to loss of adrenal androgens.
Indoor air quality assessment in and around urban slums of Delhi city, India (2008)

'High indoor airborne pollutants during winter are associated with respiratory problems for women and children in houses in urban slum in Delhi. The work demonstrated the need of further studies of indoor air quality for the 'urban poor' in developing countries.'
Molecular cloning and functional expression of β1,2‐xylosyltransferase cDNA from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i><sup>1</sup> (2000)

The transfer of xylose from UDP-xylose to the core beta-linked mannose of N-linked oligosaccharides by beta1,2-xylosyltransferase (XylT) is a widespread feature of plant glycoproteins which renders them immunogenic and allergenic in man. Here, we report the isolation of the Arabidopsis thaliana XylT gene, which contains two introns and encodes a 60.2 kDa protein with a predicted type II transmembrane protein topology typical for Golgi glycosyltransferases. Upon expression of A. thaliana XylT cDNA in the baculovirus/insect cell system, a recombinant protein was produced that exhibited XylT activity in vitro. Furthermore, the recombinant enzyme displayed XylT activity in vivo in the insect cells, as judged by the acquired cross-reaction of cellular glycoproteins with antibodies against the beta1,2-xylose epitope. The cloned XylT cDNA as well as the recombinant enzyme are essential tools to study the role of beta1,2-xylose in the immunogenicity and allergenicity of plant glycoproteins at the molecular level.
Towards efficient load distribution in big data cloud (2015)

Traffic spikes in big data cloud have led to great challenges for middlebox management in the behind datacenter networks, especially for load distribution among varieties of middleboxes. Contemporary flat load distributing strategies are inadequate to handle traffic spikes in terms of time and resource efficiency. Based on the spike patterns, a hybrid load distributing solution is proposed with hierarchical architecture, which conducts static distributing and dynamic collaborative distributing in respect of flow types. The evaluation results from the prototype system and simulation show that our solution is superior to existing load distributing strategies in terms of both time and resource efficiency.
Physiologic Motion after Laryngeal Nerve Reinnervation: A New Method (1997)

In this study a new method of reinnervation for unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis was performed in canines, producing physiologic vocal fold motion in each of a small series of animals. During the procedure the left anterior division of the recurrent laryngeal nerve was reinnervated with axons from the thyroarytenoid branch of the contralateral recurrent laryngeal nerve. The posterior branch of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve was divided and sutured to the ansa cervicalis to maintain tone in the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. In all four animals, the right distal vocalis stump was reinnervated with an ansa cervicalis nerve branch. After 3 months physiologic vocal fold motion and electromyographic activity could be demonstrated during mechanical stimulation of the supraglottis (adduction) and during tracheostomy obstruction (abduction). Acoustic data revealed improvement of jitter, shimmer, signal-to-noise ratio, and vocal efficiency in reinnervated animals compared with paralyzed canines before treatment, although the results lacked statistical significance. This approach to the rehabilitation of unilateral vocal fold paralysis is discussed.
Clinical and radiographic experience with a hydroxyapatite-coated titanium plasma-sprayed porous implant. (1992)

Recent efforts to improve the interface between implant and bone have involved the use of bioactive materials, specifically hydroxyapatite (HA). HA coatings applied to implants have shown excellent clinical results at 2 years. There have been no radiolucent lines around the HA-coated implants. The long-term strength of the HA coating-substrate bone interface remains a concern as osseointegration of the HA appears to be a consistent phenomenon. This can lead potentially to an interruption between the substrate itself and the osseointegrated coating.
보문 : 올리고당의 Maillard 반응물질의 유지에 대한 항산화효과 (1997)

The purposes of this study were to investigate the Maillard reactions of some oligosaccharides with lysine and the antioxidative effects of the ethanol extracts from their reaction mixtures on the soybean oil. The Maillard reactions were carried out of 2% oligosaccharides such as palatinose (PN), fructooligosaccharide (FO), isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO) with 2% lysine (L) for 24 hours heating at 60, 80, 100℃. The color intensity of Maillard reaction mixtures were determined by UV-VIS spectrophotometer upon reaction time and temperature. And the antioxidative effects on the soybean oil of each ethanol extract from Maillard reaction mixture of each oligosaccharide were measured by peroxide value (POV). POV`s of soybean oil including reaction extracts were determined regularly every 2 days during 20 days storaged at 60±1℃. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The color intensity of the Maillard reaction mixtures were raised highly as the browning temperature and time increased. The color intensity of PN·L browning mixture was the highest. The order of high color intensity at 100℃ was PN·L>FO·L>Glu·L>IMO·L. 2. Comparing the antioxidative effect of Maillard reaction product (at 100℃, for 12 hours) of each oligosaccharide to that of BHT and TBHQ, the order of high antioxidative effect was TBHQ>IMO·L>BHT>Glu·L>PN·L>FO·L. 3. From these results, it was known that PN·L shown as high brown color intensity was appeared low antioxidative effect, while IMO·L shown as low brown color intensity was appeared high antioxidative effect. So, it was recognized that there was no relation between brown color intensity and antioxidative effect.
Experimental Investigation of Rolling Contact (1965)

A particular case of rolling contact, that for cylinders having different elastic constants and transmitting a tangential force in the direction of rolling, was experimentally investigated. A steel cylinder, driving a rubber-covered cylinder, was instrumented for the quantitative, as well as qualitative, investigation of the action taking place in the contact area. The results indicate the extent of the locked region at the leading edge of the contact area, the development of the slip region, and the magnitude of the constant-rate slip at the trailing edge of the contact area.
Synthesis of 1-(2-Pyridyl)indoles by the Photoreaction of 2-Fluoropyridine with Indoles (1987)

Photoreaction of 2-fluoropyridine with indoles gave 1-(2-pyridy1)indoles regioselectively.The yields of the coupling products improved significantly by using the indole anion derivatives instead of the indoles.
Identification of Two Novel Genes Encoding 97- to 99-Kilodalton Outer Membrane Proteins of <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> (1999)

Two genes encoding 97- to 99-kDa Chlamydia pneumoniae VR1310 outer membrane proteins (Omp4 and Omp5) with mutual similarity were cloned and sequenced. The proteins were shown to be constituents of the C. pneumoniae outer membrane complex, and the deduced amino acid sequences were similar to those of putative outer membrane proteins encoded by the Chlamydia psittaci and Chlamydia trachomatis gene families. By use of a monospecific polyclonal antibody against purified recombinant Omp4, it was shown that without heating, the protein migrated at 65 to 75 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that epitopes of Omp4 were exposed on the surface of C. pneumoniae elementary bodies, reticulate bodies, and outer membrane complex. Proteins encoded by the C. pneumoniae gene family seem to be dominant antigens in experimentally infected mice.
A strategy for anisotropic P‐wave prestack imaging (2002)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002A strategy for anisotropic P‐wave prestack imagingAuthors: Ruben D. MartinezSheng LeeRuben D. MartinezPGS Geophysical and Sheng LeePGS Geophysicalhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816949 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816949FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByA transversely isotropic medium with a tilted symmetry axis normal to the reflectorTariq Alkhalifah and Paul Sava26 May 2010 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 75, No. 3VTI anisotropic corrections and effective parameter estimation after isotropic prestack depth migrationGEOPHYSICS, Vol. 71, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2002ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2002 Pages: 2478 publication data© 2002 Copyright © 2002 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 03 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Ruben D. Martinez and Sheng Lee, (2002), "A strategy for anisotropic P‐wave prestack imaging," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 149-152. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1816949 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
GPS as a Random Number Source and Potential Applications (1998)

An innovative method is proposed to utilize Global
Positioning System (GPS) derived data as a source
for the generation of pseudo and real random
numbers. The utilization of said numbers can then
be employed for a wide variety of applications,
including cryptographic key development and
distribution, for secure communications and other
uses by the military or civilian population.
The method exploits the varied nature of the GPS
observables to “seed” a pool of data from which
samples are combinatorially mixed and
cryptographically processed by the use of validated
standard algorithms. The resultant cryptographically
secure random number may be tailored for bit length
(40-160 or greater bits) thus allowing adaptation for
specific security uses and applications.
The method of generation is SPS or PPS
independent, autonomous in nature, and allows a
rich source of globally available entropic data due to
the nature of the GPS system. The proposed
methodology may replace expensive or poorly suited
inputs of natural entropy with the GPS receiver data. The implementation of using GPS as a source of
randomization is extremely competitive against other
existing methods of sampling natural variance for
random number development due to low cost, size,
and portability. The method has extreme interest to
military users whose equipment has become
increasingly GPS integrated over the past few years.
This paper presents overviews of random number
theory and the development of same. A discussion
of GPS related error is included and the
methodology is presented. Comparisons for validity
via similarity to existing methodology is
demonstrated through extensive analysis of the
randomization content for the GPS data proposed.
The paper concludes with an overview of potential
extensions of the methods discussed, possible
attacks and their counters, and other applications to
the military and civilian environments.
Cerebrospinal fluid vasopressin in neurological and psychiatric disorders. (1985)

Vasopressin was determined in CSF and plasma of 243 patients with different neurological and psychiatric disorders, including control patients. CSF vasopressin was significantly higher in patients with high pressure hydrocephalus, intracranial tumour, benign intracranial hypertension, intracranial haemorrhage, ischaemic stroke, and craniocerebral trauma. In patients with primary degenerative dementia, CSF vasopressin was lower than in control patients. Among patients with psychiatric disorders, CSF vasopressin was increased in manic patients, while in patients with depression CSF concentration of this hormone did not differ from that found in controls. However, an increase in CSF vasopressin level was found in patients recovering from a depression. The clinical significance of changes in CSF vasopressin concentrations in groups of patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders is still unknown.
Two-Phase Flow Distribution to Tubes of Parallel Flow Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers (2005)

Abstract This paper addresses two-phase flow distribution phenomena in multiple header–tube junctions used in heat exchangers. Because of phase separation, it is very difficult to obtain uniform two-phase flow distribution to the branch tubes. The flow distribution is strongly influenced by the header orientation (horizontal or vertical) and the number of branch tubes. Other factors that influence the flow distribution are the flow direction in the header (upflow or downflow), the header shape and tube end projection into the header, and the location and orientation of the inlet and exit connections. The source of maldistribution is the flow in the dividing headers. Work performed by the authors and others (including patents) are discussed. The possibilities for eliminating two-phase flow maldistribution are identified and discussed. This investigation shows that solutions, which provide uniform flow distribution, are very design-specific. Change of the geometry or operating parameters will require modification of the design.
Expression of viral protein P27 in avian sarcoma virus‐transformed mammalian cells and helper‐dependent rescue of rous sarcoma virus (1977)

Abstract Avian sarcoma virus (ASV)‐transformed mammalian cells, known to be either virus‐producing, virogenic or non‐virogenic, were tested for viral gene products: for p27 by radioimmunoassay and for group‐specific (gs) antigens by the complement fixation test. Clones of B77 virus‐producing RBI rat tumour cells had p27 concentrations ranging from 10 to 80 ng/mg cellular protein; the poor virus‐producing clone had the lowest levels of p27 and gs antigen. Treatment of the clones with halogenated pyrimidines, BrdUrd and IdUrd, had little effect. Virogenic mammalian cell lines XC, LWC3 cells and human 118MG/EH cells transformed by the Prague, Schmitt‐Ruppin and Engelbreth‐Holm strains of ASV, respectively, were analyzed for p27, for gs antigens, tumour induction in chickens and focus formation after fusion of the X‐ray‐irradiated cells with chicken fibroblasts. Concentrations of p27 and of gs antigens and tumour induction by intact cells were approximately the same in both rat XC cells and human 118MG/EH cells. Treatment with BrUrd or IdUrd increased the level of p27 in the latter cell line. On the other hand, rat LWV3 cells had no detectable p27 or gs antigens but their tumourinducing activity in chickens was fifty‐fold higher. Non‐virogenic rat TWERC cells, transformed by the Prague strain of RSV, had low detectable levels of p27 and of gs antigens. These cells did not produce tumours in chickens or foci when fused with chicken fibroblasts. The only, and very effective, way of rescuing RSV from TWERC cells was the fusion of TWERC cells with RAV‐1‐preinfected cells. After inoculation of a mixture of 2×10 4 cells treated with inactivated Sendai virus, tumours were induced in 50% of the chickens. Both the host‐range and virus neutralization studies indicated that the rescued TWERC virus had avian subgroup C specificity and not the specificity of the helper virus. The rescued virus had a one‐hit titration pattern in duck embryo fibroblasts, indicating that the virus was non‐defective for infection and transformation of these cells.
Plasma cell labeling index and beta 2-microglobulin predict survival independent of thymidine kinase and C-reactive protein in multiple myeloma [see comments] (1993)

The plasma cell labeling index (PCLI) and serum beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) are independent prognostic factors in multiple myeloma (MM). Recently, levels of thymidine kinase (TK) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been shown to have prognostic value. We studied 107 patients with newly diagnosed myeloma to determine whether TK and CRP values added prognostic information not already available using the PCLI and beta 2M. Univariate survival analysis showed prognostic significance for the PCLI, TK, beta 2M, age, serum albumin, and CRP. Multivariate analysis showed that only PCLI and beta 2M have independent prognostic significance. The survival curves were better separated using the PCLI and beta 2M than with other combinations of variables. Among nine patients under age 65 with low PCLI and low beta 2M, eight were alive almost 6 years after starting chemotherapy. These good-risk patients could not be identified by standard clinical features. Although creatinine and calcium were normal, other features such as bone lesions, osteoporosis, fracture, and anemia were present and stage distribution was similar to other patients in the study. In conclusion, PCLI and beta 2M measured at diagnosis are independent prognostic factors. They must be considered when interpreting the results of clinical trials and should be helpful in counseling patients and in designing new trials. When the PCLI and beta 2M values are known, the TK and CRP values do not add useful additional prognostic information.
Cryopreservation of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) seeds and embryonic axes. (2002)

This study investigated the tolerance to desiccation and freezing of tea seeds, embryonic axes (EAs) and cotyledonary embryonic axes (CEAs, consisting of EAs with portions of cotyledons still attached). No seeds germinated after desiccation and cryopreservation. EAs extracted from seeds desiccated to 18.9% moisture content (fresh weight basis) and cryopreserved showed 20.7% survival but plantlet production from these EAs was impossible. When EAs and CEAs were extracted from seeds before being submitted to desiccation and freezing, survival of control and frozen samples was equivalent with both types of materials. However, plantlet production was significantly higher from control and cryopreserved CEAs than EAs. The maturity stage of the seeds from which CEAs were extracted had an important effect on their survival and plant production percentages, mature seeds providing better results than early mature and late mature seeds. The highest percentages of plantlet production from cryopreserved CEAs, which ranged between 75.1 and 80.4%, were achieved for EA moisture contents between 21.5 and 15.0%.