gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of DNA–protein complexes induced by chemical carcinogens (1990)

DNA-protein complexes induced in intact cells by chromate have been isolated and compared with those formed by other agents such as cis-platinum. Actin has been identified as one of the major proteins that is complexed to the DNA by chromate based upon a number of criteria including, a molecular weight and isoelectric point identical to actin, positive reaction with actin polyclonal antibody, and proteolytic mapping. Chromate and cis-platinum both complex proteins of very similar molecular weight and isoelectric points and these complexes can be disrupted by exposure to chelating or reducing agents. These results suggest that the metal itself is participating in rather than catalyzing the formation of a DNA-protein complex. An antiserum which was raised to chromate-induced DNA-protein complexes reacted primarily with a 97,000 protein that could not be detected by silver staining. Western blots and slot blots were utilized to detect p97 DNA-protein complexes formed by cis-platinum, UV, formaldehyde, and chromate. Other work in this area, involving studying whether DNA-protein complexes are formed in actively transcribed DNA compared with genetically inactive DNA, is discussed. Methods to detect DNA-protein complexes, the stability and repair of these lesions, and characterization of DNA-protein complexes are reviewed. Nuclear matrix proteins have been identified as a major substrate for the formation of DNA-protein complexes and these findings are also reviewed.
Reasons why ‘Leptospirillum’-like species rather than Thiobacillus ferrooxidans are the dominant iron-oxidizing bacteria in many commercial processes for the biooxidation of pyrite and related ores (1999)

Microbiology Society journals contain high-quality research papers and topical review articles. We are a not-for-profit publisher and we support and invest in the microbiology community, to the benefit of everyone. This supports our principal goal to develop, expand and strengthen the networks available to our members so that they can generate new knowledge about microbes and ensure that it is shared with other communities.
On the Poetry of Giovanni Bellini's "Sacred Allegory" (1984)

The article deals with meaning in Giovanni Bellini's so-called Sacred Allegory in the Gallerie degli Uffizi, Florence. Previous attempts at explaining meaning in the painting have been iconographical and have largely ignored the meaning and poetry of its form, hence distorting the picture's value. The author's descriptive evocation of poetry in Bellini's work demonstrates that its form and its meaning are inseparable. Attention is also given to previous criticism, other than iconographical, of Bellini's work.
The Recording of X-Ray Diffraction Patterns on Spheres (1954)

In the teaching of the physics connected with the diffraction of x-rays, as well as the daily research practice of taking x-ray diffraction pictures, it is customary to take the pictures on flat x-ray film or upon sheets of film which has been curved into cylinders. In physics teaching this practice has very definite handicaps and appears to be somewhat indirect, because the theoretical treatment of the diffraction of x-rays is more directly connected to the geometry of spheres. We have, therefore, as a teaching aid, coated the inside surface of some hollow glass spheres with photographic emulsion and have recorded upon these spheres the diffraction of x-rays from small crystals located at their centers. Some of the results are shown in Figs. 1 a, b, and c.
Reactions of ethyl 2-acetyl-2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-3-carboxylate and 4-acetylamino-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-7-en-3-one with some electrophiles (1995)

The amide 3 reacted with various electrophilic reagents to give the addition products 5–9; reaction of 3 with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (MCPBA) gave the epoxide 10; similarly, the lactone 4(an isomer of 3) reacted extremely selectively with a variety of electrophiles to give a range of polyfunctionalised bicyclic systems 12–15: reaction with MCPBA gave the epoxide 16 as the major product.
Adaptation of Pronunciation Dictionaries for Recognition of Unseen Languages (1998)

This paper studies the relative effectiveness of different methods for multilingual model combination and dictionary mapping for recognizing a new unseen target language if training data are limited. We examine the crosslanguage transfer from monolingual and multilingual models to German and Russian language for large vocabulary speech recognition using a dictation database which has been collected under the project GlobalPhone. This project at the University of Karlsruhe investigates LVCSR systems in 15 languages of the world, namely Arabic, Chinese, Croatian, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, and Turkish. Based on a global phoneme set we create recognizer which combine up to eight languages and perform recognition results in language independent and adaptive setups. We found that multilingual context dependent models outperform monolingual models for the purpose of crosslanguage transfer. Two dictionary mapping approache...
The Effect of Baby Walker on Child Development: A Systematic Review. (2017)

Evidence against baby walker is not enough regarding its negative effect on child development. This subject needs to be addressed more, considering a large number of baby walker users worldwide.
A Novel MMP-2 Inhibitor 3-azidowithaferin A (3-azidoWA) Abrogates Cancer Cell Invasion and Angiogenesis by Modulating Extracellular Par-4 (2012)

For this report, we found that 3-azidoWA suppressed motility and invasion of HeLa and PC-3 cells in MMP-2 dependent manner. Our in vitro result strongly suggests that sub-toxic doses of 3-azidoWA enhanced the secretion of extracellular Par-4 that abolished secretory MMP-2 expression and activity. Depletion of secretory Par-4 restored MMP-2 expression and invasion capability of HeLa and PC-3 cells. Further, our findings implied that 3-azidoWA attenuated internal phospho-ERK and phospho-Akt expression in a dose dependent manner might play a key role in inhibition of mouse angiogenesis by 3-azidoWA.
A classification of biologic lipids based upon their interaction in aqueous systems (1968)

Abstract A classification of lipids is presented, based upon their physical properties in bulk aqueous systems and at the air‐water or oil‐water interface. This is supported by binary‐phase diagrams of the various classes of lipids in water. The interactions of the lipids of each class with a lipid of another class is illustrated by a series of different ternary‐phase diagrams of two lipids in water. The various types of association and the molecular relation of one lipid to another are indicated. The interaction of three classes of lipids with water is illustrated in two examples by quaternary‐phase diagrams of the three lipids in water. As an example of the application of these invitro studies, the composition of bile is correlated with a quaternary‐phase diagram cholesterollecithin‐bile salt‐water. The correlation shows that human bile behaves as a biologic four‐component system the physical state of which is entirely predictable from the quaternary‐phase diagram. Although bile is a special case, it is probable that the physical arrangement of the lipids in membranes, cellular organelles, lipoproteins, and adipose tissue can be suggested by studies of the interaction of lipid classes with themselves in water.
Syntheses of the First Coordination Compounds of the New Strong Molecular Electron Donor and Double Proton Sponge 1,4,5,8‐Tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (2009)

Abstract Herein we report on the synthesis and properties of a new electron donor featuring an aromatic system to which four guanidino groups are attached, namely, 1,4,5,8‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (ttmgn). The molecule is a double proton sponge with an asymmetric N–H ··· N bridge being formed in the protonated form. Oxidation is followed electrochemically, and two oxidation waves at E 1/2 (CH 3 CN) = –0.25 and +0.50 V vs. SCE are observed. Chemical oxidation with I 2 yields ttmgn(I 3 ) 2 , in which the I 3 – units interact with the ttmgn 2+ cations through I ··· C contacts. Reaction with an excess amount of Br 2 leads to removal of four electrons from the aromatic system and formation of the salt (ttmgn)Br 4 with a chair‐type conformation of the C 10 core. The binuclear Al alkyl complex [(ttmgn)(AlMe 2 ) 2 ][BPh 4 ] 2 can be prepared by reaction between the diprotonated ttmgn molecule and AlMe 3 and serves as a benchmark system for the understanding of dynamic effects. Magnetic superexchange through the ligand unit is studied for the binuclear Co II complex [(ttmgn)(CoCl 2 ) 2 ]. SQUID measurements show an extremely weak antiferromagnetic coupling. The coupling might be affected by the unusual geometry of the coordination compounds of ttmgn, in which the metal ions are significantly displaced from the plane defined by the aromatic ring of the ttmgn ligand. We also report the analogous Co complex of ttmgb [ttmgb = 1,2,4,5‐tetrakis(tetramethylguanidino)benzene], namely, [(ttmgb)(CoCl 2 ) 2 ], in which the bonding situation is quite different.
Controlling molecular weight cut-off of PEEK nanofiltration membranes using a drying method (2015)

In this research paper we report two ways of controlling the molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of PEEK membranes prepared via phase inversion and subsequent drying. The two methods explored were the change of polymer concentration in the dope solution – 8 wt%, 10 wt% and 12 wt% – and the variation of solvent filling the pores prior to drying – e.g. water, methanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran and n-heptane. The results show that it is possible to vary the MWCO from 295 g mol−1 to 1400 g mol−1 by varying these parameters. A statistical analysis based on a genetic algorithm showed that the Hansen solubility parameter, polarity and their interactions with molar volume were likely to be the most important parameters influencing the performance of PEEK membranes when drying from different solvents. In addition, the drying temperature also proved to have an effect on the membrane performance – the higher the temperature the higher the rejection and the lower the permeance.
On Snap-Through Buckling (2011)

Snap-through buckling can reduce the life-span of structural systems such as aircraft surface paneling. This is envisioned to be a specific problem in hypersonic vehicles in which severe thermal loading and acoustic excitation conspire to create an especially hostile environment for structural elements. A shallow arch, and two simplified link models are used to investigate the mechanisms of snap-through buckling from a fundamental, or phenomenological, standpoint. The complexities introduced by modal interactions are introduced and a method for identifying snap-through buckling is developed.
LPS-dependent cyclooxygenase-2 induction in human monocytes is down-regulated by IL-13, but not by IFN-γ (1996)

We investigated the effects of Th2 cell-associated cytokines, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, on prostaglandin (PG) production by human peripheral blood monocytes (HPBM) in terms of four parameters: PGE2 synthesis; cyclooxygenase activity; protein; and mRNA of two cyclooxygenase isozymes (cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2). LPS-stimulated PGE2 synthesis and cyclooxygenase activity were suppressed by IL-4, IL-10, or IL-13. Furthermore, the LPS-dependent increase of cyclooxygenase activity in HPBM was attributable to cyclooxygenase-2 because it was inhibited by NS-398 (a cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor). Western and Northern blot analyses revealed that the LPS-induced increases in cyclooxygenase-2 protein and mRNA were attenuated by the addition of IL-4, IL-10, or IL-13. In contrast, cyclooxygenase-1 protein and mRNA were hardly detected in monocytes that were incubated with or without LPS in the presence or absence of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. These results suggest that the reduction of LPS-induced PGE2 synthesis and cyclooxygenase activity by IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 in HPBM are mainly due to the down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 selectively induced by LPS. Conversely, IFN-gamma, a Th1 cell-associated cytokine, did not affect PGE2 production and cyclooxygenase activity. These data suggest a mechanism for modulation of inflammation by the anti-inflammatory Th2 cell-associated cytokines but not a Th1 cell-associated cytokine.
Pupil-size asymmetry is a physiologic trait related to gender, attentional function, and personality (2016)

A small difference in the size of the two pupils is common in healthy individuals, a condition termed benign or physiologic anisocoria (BA). Past research indicates that BA is probably caused by asymmetry in sympathetic nervous system (SNS) function [e.g., Rosenberg (2008). Physiologic anisocoria: A manifestation of a physiologic sympathetic asymmetry. Neuro-Ophthalmology, 32, 147-149]. This study is the first to show that BA varies with psychological factors linked to brain asymmetry and autonomic arousal, including gender, attention, and personality. Males exhibited a more directional BA than females, consistent with greater hemispheric lateralization in males. BA also varied with a self-report measure of attentional function, consistent with evidence of hemispheric asymmetry in visuospatial attention networks. Finally, BA varied with personality traits linked to autonomic arousal. Individuals exhibiting higher Meanness and Boldness, and lower Empathy scores tended to show more directional BA. This link between personality traits and BA may be related to brain asymmetries in autonomic arousal and emotion-related processing. If future studies employing direct measures of lateralized brain activity confirm the link between BA and SNS asymmetries, this new metric may prove useful in discovering new relationships between brain organization and psychological function, and how these relationships vary across individuals.
Discussion of Balistreri, Hillberry, and Rutherford (2007): Structural Estimation and Solution of International Trade Models with Heterogeneous Firms (2008)

Discussion of Balistreri, Hillberry, and Rutherford (2007) :Structural Estimation and Solution of International Trade Models with Heterogeneous Firms
Integration of Silicon Photonics into DRAM Process (2013)

We present an electro-photonic circuit integrated into a 65-nm DRAM periphery process. Its photonic circuit features 2-dB/mm waveguide, 7-dB grating coupler, 10-Gb/s modulator, and 5-Gb/s Ge photodiode.
Synthesis, Structure, Electronic Spectroscopy, Photophysics, Electrochemistry, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Highly-Electron-Deficient [5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(perfluoroalkyl)porphinato]zinc(II) Complexes and Their Free Base Derivatives (1996)

The synthesis, optical spectroscopy, photophysical properties, electrochemistry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of a series of [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(perfluoroalkyl)porphinato]zinc(II) complexes and their free base analogs are reported. The title compounds were prepared by a condensation methodology that utilizes perfluoro-1-(2‘-pyrrolyl)-1-alkanol precursors and employs continuous water removal throughout the course of the reaction to yield the meso perfluorocarbon-substituted porphyrins. The nature of the porphyrin-pendant meso-perfluoroalkyl group exerts considerable influence over the macrocycle's solubility properties. The structure of the monopyridyl adduct of [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(heptafluoropropyl)porphinato]zinc(II) features an S4-distorted porphyrin core; X-ray data are as follows: P1̄ with a = 15.1330(5) Å, b = 19.2780(6) Å, c = 14.6030(4) Å, α = 110.220(2)°, β = 103.920(2)°, γ = 85.666(2)°, V= 3880.1(2) Å3, dcalc = 1.887 g cm-3, and Z = 4. Electrochemical studies carried out on these porphyrin and (porphinato)zinc(II) complexes indicate that meso-perfluoroalkylporphyrins are among the most electron-deficient porphyrinic species known. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments corroborate the electron poor nature of these systems and evince extreme stabilization of the nitrogen 1s orbitals, consonant with particularly effective removal of electron density from the macrocycle by the meso-perfluoroalkyl moieties that is modulated by σ-symmetry orbitals. The photophysical properties of these compounds differ from all other previously reported highly electron deficient porphyrin macrocycles in that they possess long-lived, fluorescent excited states; hence their optoelectronic features are consistent with a variety of excited-state electron-transfer quenching schemes in which both 1ZnP* and 1H2P* can be utilized as potent photooxidants.
Structure and properties of sugar beet fibres (1988)

Abstract Fibrous fractions were prepared from sugar beet pulp (RF) by sequential extractions with potassium oxalate, 0.05 M hydrochloric acid at 85°C and 0.05 m sodium hydroxide at 4°C. The overall composition, polysaccharide structure and some physico‐chemical properties (cation exchange capacity, CEC; water holding capacity, WHC; swelling) of each fraction were determined. RF was mostly composed of carbohydrates (66.3 %) with minor amounts of ash, proteins and lignin. The main polysaccharides were highly methylated and acetylated pectins, cellulose and arabinans. The oxalate residue (82.1 % of RF) exhibited only minute differences from RF whereas the acidic and alkaline residues, accounting for 42.8 % and 35.5 % of RF, respectively, were enriched in cellulose and hemicelluloses (xylans, xyloglucans, mannans) and mostly devoid of pectins and arabinans. CEC and WHC of fractions were closely related to the content of unmethylated galacturonic acid residues. The influence of the ionic form of ionisable groups was demonstrated, the Na + form giving the highest WHC. The ionic strength of the medium can reduce the WHC, especially in the case of the acid and alkali‐extracted fibres.
Coherent beam combining performance in harsh environment (2014)

Coherent beam combining (CBC) is a promising solution for high power directed energy weapons. We investigate several particular issues for this application: First, we study the evolution of phase noise spectrum for increasing pump power in 100 W MOPFA. The main variations in the spectrum are located in the low frequency region corresponding to thermal transfer between the fiber core heated by the pump absorption and the fiber environment. The phase noise root mean square evolves linearly with the pump power. Noise spectrum is not shifted to higher frequencies. Second, we investigate the influence of fiber packaging and amplifier packaging on the phase noise and estimate the LOCSET controller bandwidth (BW) requirement in each case. Results show large variation of BW depending on the packaging, and not on the power. Then, we investigate the performances of CBC in harsh environment. For this purpose, we implement CBC of a 20-W fiber amplifier and a passive fiber using the LOCSET technique and simulate harsh environment by applying strong vibrations with a hammering drill on the optical table. The applied vibration spectrum ranges from 1 Hz to ~10 kHz with a standard deviation of 9 m/s<sup>2</sup>. CBC of the amplifier output and the passive fiber output is performed on a second table, isolated from vibrations. Measurements of the phase difference between both outputs and of the applied vibrations are simultaneously performed. Residual phase error of λ/40 (i.e. > 99 % CBC efficiency) is achieved under strong vibrations at 20 W. The -3 dB bandwidth of the LOCSET controller has been measured to be ~4.5 kHz. Results are in agreement with simulations.
Fertilization: A Uterine Glycosaminoglycan Stimulates the Conversion of Sperm Proacrosin to Acrosin (1979)

Acrosin is a proteinase required for mammalian fertilization, and in freshly ejaculated spermatozoa exists as an inactive zymogen, proacrosin. A factor present in uterine flushings of gilts stimulates the conversion of highly purified boar proacrosin to acrosin. Characterization of this factor indicates that its active component is a glycosaminoglycan.
Characteristics of LPCVD WSi/sub 2//n-Si Schottky contacts (1991)

Detailed current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics of low-pressure chemical vapor deposited (LPCVD) WSi/sub 2//n-Si Schottky contacts are reported in the temperature range of 21 to 170 degrees C. The diode ideality factor n was found to decrease from a value of 1.46 to 1.15 as temperature was increased. Schottky barrier height phi /sub B/, on the other hand, was found to increase from 0.72 to 0.86 V with temperature. These results suggest that diode characteristics are affected by surface and bulk effects, especially at lower temperatures. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses revealed isolated regions of oxynitride at the silicide/silicon interface that are predominantly located where silicide grain boundaries intersect the silicon surface.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Proyecto de investigación y desarrollo plurianual. Estrategias para el desarrollo local sustentable en la ciudad de Crespo, Entre Ríos, Argentina (2012)

International audience
Inhibition of Calcium Uptake, Sodium Uptake, and Catecholamine Secretion by Methoxyverapamil (D600) in Primary Cultures of Adrenal Medulla Cells (1983)

The calcium-entry antagonist D600 (methoxyverapamil) inhibited nicotine- and veratridine-induced 45Ca2+ uptake, 22Na+ uptake, and catecholamine secretion in primary cultures of bovine adrenal medulla cells. Inhibition of nicotine-induced effects occurred at D600 concentrations approximately 3-10-fold lower than those needed to produce similar inhibition of veratridine-induced effects. Inhibition of the veratridine-induced effects was competitive, but inhibition of the nicotine-induced effects was not competitive. These results suggest that D600, in addition to blocking "slow" Ca2+ channels and tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels also blocks nicotine transmission, possibly either by noncompetitively inhibiting the interaction of nicotine with the receptor binding site or by blockade of the receptor-associated ion conductance channel.