gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Root Phenes for Enhanced Soil Exploration and Phosphorus Acquisition: Tools for Future Crops (2011)

Plant growth in the vast majority of terrestrial ecosystems is limited by low phosphorus availability. Over 70% of all terrestrial biomass occurs in low-phosphorus soils, including over half of agricultural land (Fig. Phosphorus availability is declining in many systems because of soil degradation, which has affected over half of global agricultural land and 75% of agricultural land in Africa. Intensive phosphorus fertilization is uncommon in the low-input agriculture common in poor nations and has limitations as a long-term strategy because of limited reserves of high-grade phosphate ore deposits, the energy costs of producing fertilizer, and the environmental cost associated with intensive fertilization. The development of crops with greater phosphorus efficiency, defined as the ability to grow and yield in soils with reduced phosphorus availability, would substantially improve food security in developing nations, while enhancing the sustainability of agriculture in rich nations
T-Shaped Pigmentary Changes in Tilted Disk Syndrome (2009)

T-shaped pigmentary changes may develop in the course of tilted disk syndrome, and should be added to the list of this syndrome's possible retinal complications. These changes may indicate the presence of chronic leakage in the area around the superior border of the inferior staphyloma.
The Effects of Testicular Denervation on Spermatogenesis in the Sprague- Dawley Rat (2000)

In the rat, regression of spermatogenesis during the chronic stages of spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs in the presence of normal function of the pituitary-testis hormone axis, thus suggesting that nonendocrine mechanisms might be involved. The current study examined whether disruption of neural input to the testis contributes to the cascade that leads to the regression of spermatogenesis. Four weeks after denervation of the superior spermatic nerve (SSN), testis weight was 25% lower (p < 0.01) than that of the contralateral sham-operated testis. Defects in spermatogenesis including phagocytosis of mature spermatids, vacuolization of spermatid nuclei, delayed spermiation and incomplete cellular associations were observed in >60% of the tubules. In the remaining 30-40% of tubules, the seminiferous epithelium was severely regressed. While cutting the inferior spermatic nerve (ISN) alone did not affect spermatogenesis significantly, it enhanced the effect of SSN denervation on both spermatogenesis and testis weight (p < 0.01). Spermatogenesis was totally regressed in the SSN/ISN-denervated testes. At this time, quantitatively normal spermatogonial proliferation was maintained in SSN- or ISN-denervated testes. Twelve weeks after surgery, regression of the seminiferous epithelium characterized by absence of proliferating spermatogonia, while undifferentiating spermatogonia were present, was observed in all SSN-denervated testes. At this time, regression of the seminiferous epithelia also occurred in >30% of the tubules in ISN-denervated testes. At both times, serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels were normal and >60% of normal testicular testosterone concentrations were maintained in the denervated testes. These results indicate that disruption of neural input to the testis is not a cause for the decrease in spermatogonial proliferation during the acute phase of SCI, but may contribute to the chronic effects of SCI on spermatogenesis.
Can we create together What We can't create alone? (1975)

(1975). Can we create together What We can't create alone? Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning: Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 30-38.
RFCDE: Random Forests for Conditional Density Estimation (2018)

Random forests is a common non-parametric regression technique which performs well for mixed-type data and irrelevant covariates, while being robust to monotonic variable transformations. Existing random forest implementations target regression or classification. We introduce the RFCDE package for fitting random forest models optimized for nonparametric conditional density estimation, including joint densities for multiple responses. This enables analysis of conditional probability distributions which is useful for propagating uncertainty and of joint distributions that describe relationships between multiple responses and covariates. RFCDE is released under the MIT open-source license and can be accessed at https://github.com/tpospisi/rfcde . Both R and Python versions, which call a common C++ library, are available.
Markov Chain Monte Carlo Super-resolution Image Reconstruction With Artifacts Suppression (2006)

Recently, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique has been proved as an effective approach to address the super-resolution image reconstruction problem. However, this approach usually requires a substantial amount of time to generate a sufficiently large number of samples for estimating the unknown high-resolution image. Limiting the simulation time could possibly lead to some artifacts presented in the reconstructed high-resolution image. To effectively mitigate these artifacts, an outlier-sensitive bilateral filtering is proposed in this paper, which contains a switching mechanism steered by an outliers detection scheme. Only for those pixel positions that have been identified containing outliers, our proposed bilateral filtering will be applied; for the rest, the conventional bilateral filtering will be exploited. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method
Use of a High-Throughput Phenotypic Screening Strategy to Identify Amplifiers, a Novel Pharmacological Class of Small Molecules That Exhibit Functional Synergy with Potentiators and Correctors (2017)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disorder caused by mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. Despite recent groundbreaking approval of genotype-specific small-molecule drugs, a significant portion of CF patients still lack effective therapeutic options that address the underlying cause of the disease. Through a phenotypic high-throughput screen of approximately 54,000 small molecules, we identified a novel class of CFTR modulators called amplifiers. The identified compound, the characteristics of which are represented here by PTI-CH, selectively increases the expression of immature CFTR protein across different CFTR mutations, including F508del-CFTR, by targeting the inefficiencies of early CFTR biosynthesis. PTI-CH also augments the activity of other CFTR modulators and was found to possess novel characteristics that distinguish it from CFTR potentiator and corrector moieties. The PTI-CH-mediated increase in F508del-CFTR did not elicit cytosolic or endoplasmic reticulum-associated cellular stress responses. Based on these data, amplifiers represent a promising new class of CFTR modulators for the treatment of CF that can be used synergistically with other CFTR modulators.
NOD2 is Involved in the Inflammatory Response after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Triggers NADPH Oxidase 2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species (2015)

This study showed the contribution of NOD2 to inflammatory response and provided direct evidence that NOX2-mediated oxidative stress as an important target molecule linked NOD2 to inflammatory damage in ischemic stroke. Pharmacological targeting of NOD2-mediated inflammatory response at multiple levels may help design a new approach to develop therapeutic strategies for prevention of deterioration of cerebral function and for the treatment of stroke.
Lamellar devices processed by thermomigration (1977)

Lamellar structures consisting of alternate p- and n-type silicon layers were fabricated by migrating molten aluminum-rich wires through n-type silicon wafers in a thermal gradient. The recrystallized material deposited behind the molten wires was p type. An aluminum-dopant concentration profile was calculated which was consistent with the measured electrical characteristics of the lamellar structures. Lamellar devices made from these structures can be used as vertical multijunction solar cells, high-voltage diodes, surge protectors, and negative-incremental resistors.
Borregos surfactant pilot test (1972)

A pilot test of petroleum sulfonate flooding was conducted during the mid-1960s in the Borregos field, Kleberg County, Texas. The pilot pattern consisted of a 1.25-acre, normal 5-spot. A pretest reservoir description program showed that the sand selected for testing, a thin Frio zone, was rather heterogeneous, both areally and vertically. A pilot waterflood was conducted prior to the tertiary test to reduce oil saturations to waterflood residual. This waterflood provided additional reservoir description information. The test consisted of injecting a 47% PV bank of 2.3% active petroleum sulfonate solution followed by drive water. Diagnostic studies included tracer surveys and postflood pressure coring. Oil recovery was limited by extreme fractionation of the surfactant and by poor sweep efficiency. Maximum average equivalent weight of produced surfactant was less than 300 as compared with a value of 380 for the injected material. It is estimated that surfactant bank fluids contacted 60% of the pattern volume. Test results indicated that significant quantities of residual oil were mobilized in regions of the reservoir contacted by an unfractionated petroleum sulfonate solution.
A modular nondissipative current diverter for EV battery charge equalization (2002)

This paper presents a new technique for equalizing a series battery stack using a modular nondissipative current diverter. The proposed scheme maintains each pair of battery modules at the same charge level by diverting the excess energy from the overcharged module to the weak one in a nondissipative manner. The equalizers are staggered to ensure balancing for the whole stack. Unlike previous schemes, which are based on a multi-winding transformer structure, the new scheme can be easily integrated with a series battery stack due to its modular nature where each equalizer is connected to a pair of modules.
A novel concept in mucosal adjuvanticity: The CTA1‐DD adjuvant is a B cell‐targeted fusion protein that incorporates the enzymatically active cholera toxin A1 subunit (1998)

A promising novel concept in mucosal adjuvant research is demonstrated here. The adjuvant and toxic effects of the cholera toxin (CT) have been successfully separated in a gene fusion protein, CTA1-DD. This protein consists of the ADP-ribosylating A1 subunit of CT linked to a synthetic analogue of protein A. The CTA1-DD protein was found to exert comparable adjuvant activity to that of CT after systemic as well as mucosal immunizations with soluble protein antigens, such as KLH or ovalbumin (OVA). However, contrary to CT it was completely non-toxic. The CTA1-DD approach to the construction of a potential vaccine adjuvant is unique and highly promising. Conceptually, the CTA1-DD fusion protein demonstrates that: (i) contrary to CT the CTA1-DD is a highly targeted adjuvant, directed to B cells and possibly other antigen-presenting cells; (ii) it is possible to introduce ADP-ribosyltransferase activity into cells via an alternative pathway to the GM1 receptor pathway used by CTB; (iii) the adjuvant effect of CTA1-DD, and possibly also of CT, depend on the enzymatic activity; and (iv) one possible mechanism, shared by CT, that may explain the adjuvant effect of CTA1-DD is its ability to induce expression of the costimulatory molecule CD86 on B cells.
Acyl and Sulfonyl Derivatives of 10-Aminoalkyl-2,7-diazaphenothiazines (2009)

Reaction of 3,3'-dinitro-4,4'-dipyridinyl disulfide (1) with sodium hydroxide in DMF led to 10H-2,7-diazaphenothiazine (4).N-Alkylation of (4) with phthalimidopropyl and phthalimidobutyl bromides gave phthalimidoalkyl derivatives (5) and ( 6) which were hydrolyzed to aminoalkyldiazaphenothiazines ( 7) and ( 8).N-Acylation with acetyl anhydride, benzoyl chloride, ethyl chloroformate and 2-chloroethyl isocyanate gave N-acyl derivatives (9-16). N-Sulfonylation with methanesulfonyl and p-toluenesulfonyl chlorides led to N-sulfonyl derivatives (17-20).Phenothiazines form an important class of heterocyclic compounds because of significant biological activities such as antipsychotic, antihistaminic, antitussive and antiemetic, interesting chemical properties, wide and inexpensive availability. 1Recent reports have focused interests on anticancer, antiplasmid and antibacterial activities, reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) and potential treatment in Alzheimer's, Creutzfeldt-Jakob and AIDS diseases of classical and new synthesized phenothiazines. 2-10New phenothiazines have been obtained by modifications of the parent phenothiazine structure by an introduction of a new substituent at the thiazine nitrogen atom (at position 10) or at the benzene ring (at positions 1-4 and 6-9) and by a substitution of one or two benzene rings with homoaromatic and heteroaromatic rings (most often azine rings).Motohashi and co-workers found that 10-aminopropyl-and 10-aminobutylphenothiazines (as maleates) and their selected N-acyl and N-sulfonyl derivatives exhibit promising anticancer and antibacterial activities. 7,10-12, In our previous paper 13,14 we described synthesis of new type of azaphenothiazine, 10H-dipyrido [3,4-b;-3',4'-e][1,4]thiazine, (named also as 10H-2,7-diazaphenothiazine (4)) and its 10-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and dialkylaminoalkyl derivatives.Since the syntheses of phenothiazines can proceed via the Smiles rearrangement of the S→N type, the 2,7-diazaphenothiazine structure was confirmed by X-ray analysis of 10-(3'-nitro-4'-pyridinyl) derivative. 14In continuation of these studies we worked out an efficient
PWM-rectifier/voltage-source inverter without DC link components for induction motor drive (1993)

Voltage-source inverters are normally equipped with an electrolyte capacitor in their DC link. A voltage-source inverter without DC link components is proposed to eliminate the electrolytic capacitor which has a short life compared with an AC capacitor (metalised polyester film, etc.). This inverter system requires an AC filter composed of L and C in the AC source side. In this case, the most important problem is the reduction of AC filter capacity. To achieve this reduction, the rectifier section is operated by PWM control. The waveform of the AC source current is also improved. Steady-state analysis, the calculated characteristics of the AC filter capacity and the waveforms of voltage and current are described for a 0.75 kW induction motor driven by the system. The AC filter capacity is reduced to about 38% of the rectifier without PWM. Measured waveforms are presented for a motor slip of 4%. The stability with, and without, DC link components, is also discussed.
SCAP based configuration analytics for comprehensive compliance checking (2011)

Computing systems today have large number of security configuration settings that are designed to offer flexible and robust services. However, incorrect configuration increases the potential of vulnerability and attacks. Security Content Automation Protocol provides a unified mean to automate the process of checking the desktop system compliance using standard interfaces. However, misconfiguration can be identified only if global checking that includes network and desktop configuration is performed, as many of these configurations are highly interdependent. In this work we present a SCAP-based tool that integrates host and network configuration compliance checking in one model and allows for executing comprehensive analysis queries in order to verify security and risk requirements across the end-to-end network as a single system. Our proposed tool translates XCCDF reports generated from SCAP tools into logical objects that can be further composed to create global logical analysis using more advanced security analytic tools such as ConfigChecker and PROLOG-based tools. This project also shows the value of building on the effort of standard tools to improve the state of the art.
CYCLOSPORINE-ASSOCIATED CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TOXICITY AFTER ALLOGENEIC BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION (1984)

Five of 64 recipients of HLA-identical sibling marrow allografts who were given cyclosporin (CSP) to minimize graft-versus-host disease posttransplant had a serious neurological illness thought to be due to CSP. Characteristic clinical features included a motor spinal cord syndrome, a cerebellar-like syndrome, and mental confusion. All five recovered when the CSP dose was reduced or the drug was stopped.
Phase II Trial of Biweekly Administration of Vinorelbine and Gemcitabine in Pretreated Advanced Breast Cancer (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of gemcitabine (GEM) plus vinorelbine (VRL) administered biweekly in pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Advanced breast cancer patients without response, with stable disease, or with recurrence within 6 months of prior treatment were given GEM 1,000 mg/m 2 and VRL 25 mg/m 2 , once every 2 weeks for at least six cycles. RESULTS: Of the 51 patients enrolled, 50 (median, age 58 years; range, 34 to 76 years) were assessable. All patients had prior chemotherapy with an anthracycline-related regimen that included taxanes in 50% of the cases. Four patients (8%) had a complete response (CR) and 23 (46%) had a partial response (PR), for an overall response rate of 54%; 16 (32%) had stable disease and 7 (14%) experienced disease progression. Response occurred mainly in patients with soft tissue (83.3%) and lung metastasis (66.7%). Response duration was 4 to 8+, 4 to 9+, and 4 to 9 months for those with CR, PR, and stable disease, respectively. The regimen was well tolerated, with grade 1 to 2 myelotoxicity and asthenia reported. No patient required a dose reduction. Gastrointestinal side effects were negligible. Patients received 99.7% (range, 93.0% to 100.0%) of the planned dose-intensity of each drug. CONCLUSION: GEM in combination with VRL is an active regimen for advanced breast cancer patients, and biweekly administration significantly reduces myelotoxicity.
Readily Available Biaryl P,N Ligands for Asymmetric Catalysis (2004)

Kurz und „bündig“: Bei der kurzen und modularen Synthese von P,N-Liganden (pinap; siehe Schema, X=O oder NH) ermöglichte eine kovalent gebundene chirale Gruppe die Trennung der atropisomeren Diastereomere ohne Einsatz chiraler Pd-Amin-Komplexe. Die neuen Liganden wurden in drei Reaktionen mit unterschiedlichen Übergangsmetall-Katalysatoren getestet; in allen Fällen wurden die Produkte mit hohen Enantiomerenüberschüssen erhalten (bis zu 99 % ee). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z461286_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Solution Structure of Lithium Benzeneselenolate and Lithium Diphenylphosphide: NMR Identification of Cyclic Dimers and Mixed Dimers (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution Structure of Lithium Benzeneselenolate and Lithium Diphenylphosphide: NMR Identification of Cyclic Dimers and Mixed DimersHans J. Reich and Robert R. DykstraCite this: Organometallics 1994, 13, 11, 4578–4585Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00023a070https://doi.org/10.1021/om00023a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views561Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Recruitment of NF-κB into Mitochondria Is Involved in Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 1 (ANT1)-induced Apoptosis (2004)

Overexpression of adenine nucleotide translocase-1 (ANT1) is known to induce apoptosis (Bauer, M. K., Schubert, A., Rocks, O., and Grimm, S. (1999) J. Cell Biol. 147, 1493-1501), but the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study we show that ANT1 overexpression results in a recruitment of the IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB complex into mitochondria, with a coincident decrease in nuclear NF-kappaB DNA binding activity. In this situation, NF-kappaB transcriptionally regulated genes with antiapoptotic activity, such as Bcl-XL, MnSOD2, and c-IAP2, are down-regulated, and consequently, cells are sensitized to apoptosis. Accordingly, co-expression of p65 partially interferes with the proapoptotic effect of ANT1 overexpression. Despite the high identity of the two isoforms, overexpression of ANT2 does not exert an apoptotic effect; this lack of apoptotic activity is correlated with the absence of mitochondrial IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB recruitment or changes in NF-kappaB activity. Thus, we propose that the mitochondrial recruitment of NF-kappaB observed following ANT1 overexpression has an important role in ANT1 proapoptotic activity.
DC control and observation structures for analog circuits (2002)

As the complexity of electronic circuits and systems increases, so does the complexity of testing them. The level-sensitive scan-design (LSSD) structure used in a digital circuit enhances the controllability and observability of the circuit under test. For analog circuits, there also are several approaches proposed to improve their observability, based on the LSSD concept. However, none of these approaches provide control and observation capability for all test points simultaneously. In this paper, we propose two control and observation structures for analog circuits without using extra power supply. Using our approach, one is able to observe and control the DC voltage levels of all test points simultaneously, which is the basic diagnosis capability for the analog circuit under test. A calibration process is presented to ensure the accuracy of the excitation and read-out voltage levels.
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Radius Fractures Using a Pronator Sparing Approach (2008)

Volar locking plates for fractures of the distal radius are a common option of care in many centers. Currently, these plates are placed through a standard approach, such as the flexor carpi radialis interval. However, in our opinion, the use of conventional plate application techniques is associated with more soft tissue dissection than is necessary for these new plates. This may contribute to postoperative pain and also to scarring, which may impede the range of motion. To avoid this, dorsal plates have been developed that can be inserted percutaneously. Historically, dorsal plating of the distal radius has been associated with increased morbidity relative to volar plates due to soft tissue depth. This article discusses a single surgeon's technique for insertion of volar locking plates through minimal incisions with sparing of the soft tissues.