gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
AlGaN/GaN Micro-Hall Effect Devices for Simultaneous Current and Temperature Measurements From Line Currents (2018)

GaN/Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.20</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.80</sub> N/GaN heterostructures were grown by molecular beam epitaxy and fabricated into micro-Hall effect sensors for the purpose of simultaneous current and temperature detection. The devices were characterized over a temperature range of -183 °C to 252 °C and were determined to be linearly dependent on magnetic field and temperature throughout. The high room temperature mobility of 2000 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /Vs allowed for a very high magnetic field sensitivity of 113 VA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> T <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> , which only decreased to 80 VA <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> T <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> at 252 °C. The ability to measure temperature while at the same time measure the magnitude of the B-field, and thus current in a nearby line is demonstrated. A method of decoupling temperature and current signatures is also shown together with a simple method of offset voltage understanding and removal.
Peptidylproline <i>cis‐trans</i>‐isomerases: immunophilins (1993)

Two sequence-unrelated families of proteins possess peptidylproline cis-trans-isomerase activities (PPIase). PPIases are highly sequence conserved and multifunctional proteins which are present in many types of cells with a considerably divergent phylogenetic distribution. On the cellular level, PPIases occur in every compartment, both as free species and anchored to membranes. Diverse posttranslational modifications such as glycosylation, N-terminal modifications and phosphorylation constitute the additional functional features of PPIases. Folding, assembly and trafficking of proteins in the cellular milieu are regulated by PPIases. These enzymes accelerate the rate of in-vitro protein folding and they have the ability to bind proteins and act as chaperones. Some PPIases are coregulatory subunits of molecular complexes including heat-shock proteins, glucocorticoid receptors and ion channels. Secreted forms of PPIases are inflammatory and chemotactic agents for monocytes, eosinophils and basophils. The potent and clinically useful immunosuppressants CsA, FK506 or rapamycin bind with high affinities to PPIases (immunophilins). The binding criterion allows us to sort the PPIases for the following two superfamilies of proteins: the cyclophilins (CsA-binding proteins) and the FKBP (FK506/rapamycin-binding proteins). Although none of PPIases appeared to be essential for the viability of haploid yeast cells some of the immunophilin/immunosuppressant complexes are toxic both for yeast and mammalian cells. At least seven unlinked genes of cyclophilins and four unlinked genes of FKBP exist in human genomic DNA. Selected immunophilins regulate two different signalling pathways in lymphoid cells, namely the secretion of growth factors by stimulated T-cells and interleukin-2-induced T-cell proliferation. Moreover, selected FKBP mediate the cytotoxic effects of rapamycin in non-lymphoid cells. Accounts of the discovery of PPIases (immunophilins) and their functions are given in this review. A larger spectrum of proteins is analysed in relation to various signal-transduction pathways in lymphoid cells which involve immunophilins or their complexes with the immunosuppressants CsA, FK506 or rapamycin.
Deep Recurrent Neural Networks for Hyperspectral Image Classification (2017)

In recent years, vector-based machine learning algorithms, such as random forests, support vector machines, and 1-D convolutional neural networks, have shown promising results in hyperspectral image classification. Such methodologies, nevertheless, can lead to information loss in representing hyperspectral pixels, which intrinsically have a sequence-based data structure. A recurrent neural network (RNN), an important branch of the deep learning family, is mainly designed to handle sequential data. Can sequence-based RNN be an effective method of hyperspectral image classification? In this paper, we propose a novel RNN model that can effectively analyze hyperspectral pixels as sequential data and then determine information categories via network reasoning. As far as we know, this is the first time that an RNN framework has been proposed for hyperspectral image classification. Specifically, our RNN makes use of a newly proposed activation function, parametric rectified tanh (PRetanh), for hyperspectral sequential data analysis instead of the popular tanh or rectified linear unit. The proposed activation function makes it possible to use fairly high learning rates without the risk of divergence during the training procedure. Moreover, a modified gated recurrent unit, which uses PRetanh for hidden representation, is adopted to construct the recurrent layer in our network to efficiently process hyperspectral data and reduce the total number of parameters. Experimental results on three airborne hyperspectral images suggest competitive performance in the proposed mode. In addition, the proposed network architecture opens a new window for future research, showcasing the huge potential of deep recurrent networks for hyperspectral data analysis.
Monoclonal antibodies in clinical chemistry (1982)

Synopsis Immunoassays have markedly enlarged the armamentarium of the clinical chemist during the last twenty years. Radioimmunoassays and their variants, in particular, now provide evidence which is central to diagnosis and patient management in endocrinology and certain other disorders. Currently used methods employ labelled antigens in the radioimmunoassay (RIA) method first described for insulin by Yalow and Berson. The advent of monoclonal antibodies seems to remove the one major barrier to the use of methods based upon labelled antibodies–the immunoradiometric (IRMA) method as proposed by Miles and Hales. These procedures offer advantages of speed, sensitivity, working range, specificity and robustness which strongly suggest that they will replace RIA for the microdetermination of specific proteins. Nevertheless, their specificity is based upon the recognition of a single epitope on the antigen and thorough testing on varied patient material will be required before they can safely be adopted for routine use.
Photoinduced multi-electron transfer in the Dn–A system consisting of multi-phthalocyanines linked to one carbon nanotube (2009)

A Dn-A model in which a carbon nanotube (nanoscaled electron acceptor A) is attached with a number of electron donors (Dn), i.e. amino phthalocyanines, was employed to reveal the different nature of photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) in the nanoscaled model from that of a usual one-to-one linked D-A system, which is known to form the single-charge separation state D*+-A*-via well-studied single-electron transfer. For the Dn-A system, however, a one-step multi-electron transfer from multi donors to the same acceptor occurs simultaneously to generate a long-lived multiple-charge separation state Dn*+-A*n- (n>1), which is desirable for efficiently mimicking PSII in photosynthesis.
Intensive care unit quality improvement: A “how-to” guide for the interdisciplinary team* (2005)

This Society of Critical Care Medicine Task Force report provides an overview for clinicians interested in developing or improving a quality improvement program using a step-wise approach. Success depends not only on committed interdisciplinary work that is incremental and continuous but also on strong leadership. Further research is needed to refine the methods and identify the most cost-effective means of improving the quality of health care received by critically ill patients and their families.
Impaired instrumental activities of daily living affect conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia: the Osaki‐Tajiri Project (2012)

We suggest that when individuals with mild cognitive impairment are limited in their performance of instrumental activities of daily living, this is predictive of dementia onset.
Index of References (1967)

This index presents a list of references that occur in book The Prophet-King: Moses Traditions and Johannine Christology. The references are classified under headings such as Old Testament, New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Extra-Rabbinic Jewish Literature, Samaritan Literature, and Mandaean Literature. The book investigates to clarify way in which motifs represented by two terms prophet and king in Fourth Gospel not only are interrelated, but interpret each other. The investigation permits some deductions about Johannine Christology and about Christian community that described Jesus as the Prophet and the King of Israel.Keywords: Israel; Jewish literature; Johannine Christology; Moses traditions
Rapid single‐scan <i>T</i>‐mapping using exponential excitation pulses and image‐based correction for linear background gradients (2009)

A method for fast quantitative T(2)* mapping based on multiple gradient-echo (multi-GE) imaging with correction for static magnetic field inhomogeneities is described, using an exponential excitation pulse. Field gradient maps are obtained from the phase information and modulus data are subsequently corrected, allowing for simple monoexponential T(2)* fitting. Echoes with long echo times suffering from major signal losses due to field inhomogeneities are excluded from the analysis. The acquisition time for a matrix size of 256 x 256, 1 mm in-plane resolution, and 2 mm slice thickness amounts to 15 s per slice. An additional correction for in-plane field gradients further improves accuracy. Phantom experiments show that the method provides accurate T(2)* values for field gradients up to 200 microT/m; for gradients up to 300 microT/m errors do not exceed 15%. In vivo T(2)* values acquired on healthy volunteers at 3T are in excellent agreement with results from the literature.
Elimination of artifacts derived from the residual birefringence of a phase modulator for circular dichroism by retardation domain analysis (2015)

It is well known that various artifacts interfere with circular dichroism (CD) measurement using the polarization modulation technique. In this report, we propose a simple analysis method for eliminating the artifacts derived from the residual birefringence of a phase modulator. We consider the origin of the artifacts and find that those in CD can be distinguished by analyzing signals as a function of the retardation of the phase modulator using a Mueller matrix method. We experimentally obtain pure CD from a sample with CD and linear dichroism by applying retardation domain analysis.
Evaluation of Lost Time in Signal Control for Traffic Flow Analysis (2009)

In signal control theory, how to appropriately evaluate the lost time is an important issue because it affects the determination of the cycle time. In terms of vehicle trajectory data observed at different intersections, the research considers the evaluation of the all red time focusing on the conflict points and calculates it properly using the saturation flow rate. In conclusion, it showed that the lost time could be shortened using conflict point analysis methodology and a more accurate acquisition of the saturation flow rate is very important for the proper estimation of lost time in its application.
Expeerience: a JXTA middleware for mobile ad-hoc networks (2004)

The combination of personal computing devices and wireless ad-hoc networks allows the concept of mobile ad-hoc information system, consisting of a highly dynamic, decentralized and self-organizing network of autonomous and mobile devices that interact as peers [M. Hannicainen et al. (2002), L. Kleinrock, (2000)]. Here we define a middleware layer, named Expeerience. We have decided to adopt as a basic software framework, an emerging P2P open technology such as JXTA. The second issue we address in this work is the integration of some code mobility support in the developed middleware to allow the distribution and execution of services on peers that originally do not own the service code. This has been introduced in our platform by adding a mobile code service, which enables to download and install new services dynamically only if necessary.
AC IO loopback design for high speed μprocessor IO test (2005)

This work presents the next generation AC IO loopback design for two Intel processor architectures. Both designs detect I/O defects with 20 ps resolution and 50 ps jitter for up to 800 MHz bus speed. Even though the implementations differ in some aspects to accommodate two different bus architectures, the same prudent considerations for high speed operation, minimum test inaccuracy, and low implementation costs apply to both.
ARRIpede: A stick-slip micro crawler/conveyor robot constructed via 2 &#x00BD;D MEMS assembly (2008)

Recent advances in 2frac12D and 3D hybrid microassembly using MEMS snap fasteners and die-level bonding for interconnects, makes possible the miniaturization of exciting new small robots configured for various functions, such as flying, crawling, or jumping. ARRIpede is one example of a ldquodie-sizerdquo crawling microrobot constructed by assembly and die stacking. It consists of a MEMS die ldquobodyrdquo, in-plane electrothermal actuators, vertically assembled legs, and an electronic ldquobackpackrdquo to generate the necessary gait sequence. The robot has been designed using a stick-slip simulation model for a target volume of 1.5 cm times 1.5 cm times 0.5 cm, a 3.8 g mass, and velocities up to 3 mm/s. Even though work remains to be completed in packaging the robot, we demonstrated that the robot design is sound by experimentally evaluating the leg actuation force, the payload carrying capacity, the power consumption, and the manipulation ability of an inverted ARRIpede prototype. A configuration that carries a payload approximately equal to its own weight shows excellent steering ability. A reasonable match between simulations and experiments is noted, for example, when the legs are actuated at 45 Hz and 10 V, the crawling velocity of the microrobot was experimentally measured to be 0.84 mm/s or 18.7 mum per step, while the simulated leg displacement was 18.5 mum per step. The prototyped ldquoconveyorrdquo mode had a maximum measured linear velocity in excess of 1.5 mm/s, while consuming approximately 500 mW of power. We expect that for achieving lower speeds, such as 0.15 mm/s, the power consumption can be reduced to a few mW, enabling untethered operation.
An Efficient and Versatile Means for Assembling and Manufacturing Systems in Space (2012)

Within NASA Space Science, Exploration and the Office of Chief Technologist, there are Grand Challenges and advanced future exploration, science and commercial mission applications that could benefit significantly from large-span and large-area structural systems. Of particular and persistent interest to the Space Science community is the desire for large (in the 10- 50 meter range for main aperture diameter) space telescopes that would revolutionize space astronomy. Achieving these systems will likely require on-orbit assembly, but previous approaches for assembling large-scale telescope truss structures and systems in space have been perceived as very costly because they require high precision and custom components. These components rely on a large number of mechanical connections and supporting infrastructure that are unique to each application. In this paper, a new assembly paradigm that mitigates these concerns is proposed and described. A new assembly approach, developed to implement the paradigm, is developed incorporating: Intelligent Precision Jigging Robots, Electron-Beam welding, robotic handling/manipulation, operations assembly sequence and path planning, and low precision weldable structural elements. Key advantages of the new assembly paradigm, as well as concept descriptions and ongoing research and technology development efforts for each of the major elements are summarized.
Electrically driven single photon source at room temperature by using single NV center in diamond (2013)

Here we show the realization of a stable room temperature electrically driven single-photon source based on a single NV centre in a diode structure. Remarkably the generation of electroluminescence follows a fundamentally different kinetics than photoluminescence. This suggests electroluminescence is generated by electron-hole recombination at the defect. Our results prove that functional single defects can be integrated into electronic control structures, which is a crucial step towards elaborated quantum information devices.
Cosmetic dermatitis due to a perfume (1975)

A patient with perfume dermatitis was patch-tested to 94 constituents of perfume and was found to have positive reactions to 12 components. An approach with regard to reducing the prevalence of perfume dermatitis is suggested.
Microfluidic preparation of water-in-oil-in-water emulsions with an ultra-thin oil phase layer (2009)

We developed a novel microfluidic device to prepare monodisperse water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions with an ultra-thin (<1 microm) oil phase layer. This microfluidic device was composed of two microchannel junctions, one of which had a step structure, and a uniformly hydrophobic surface for effective oil removal from W/O/W droplets. At the first junction, an internal aqueous phase was transformed into slug-shaped water-in-oil (W/O) droplets by a flow-focusing mechanism. At the second junction equipped with the step structure, the preformed slug-shaped W/O droplets were introduced into an external aqueous phase and were transformed into spherical W/O droplets. In the downstream area of the second junction, the W/O droplets were released from the hydrophobic surface of the microchannel into the external aqueous phase by inertial lift force and were transformed into W/O/W droplets. During this process, most of the oil phase was effectively removed from the W/O droplets: the bulk of the oil phase flowed along the hydrophobic surface of the microchannel. The thickness of the oil phase layer of the resulting W/O/W droplets was ultra-thin, less than 1 microm. The volume of the internal aqueous phase of the W/O/W droplets reflected that of the W/O droplets and was controlled by the flow rates of the internal aqueous phase and oil phase during W/O droplet formation. We successfully demonstrated encapsulation of water-soluble molecules and polymer particles into the prepared W/O/W emulsion.
Automatic Fruit Classification Using Deep Learning for Industrial Applications (2018)

Fruit classification is an important task in many industrial applications. A fruit classification system may be used to help a supermarket cashier identify the fruit species and prices. It may also be used to help people decide whether specific fruit species meet their dietary requirements. In this paper, we propose an efficient framework for fruit classification using deep learning. More specifically, the framework is based on two different deep learning architectures. The first is a proposed light model of six convolutional neural network layers, whereas the second is a fine-tuned visual geometry group-16 pretrained deep learning model. Two color image datasets, one of which is publicly available, are used to evaluate the proposed framework. The first dataset (dataset 1) consists of clear fruit images, whereas the second dataset (dataset 2) contains fruit images that are challenging to classify. Classification accuracies of 99.49% and 99.75% were achieved on dataset 1 for the first and second models, respectively. On dataset 2, the first and second models obtained accuracies of 85.43% and 96.75%, respectively.
Modulation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> gene expression by host microflora through interspecies communication (2003)

The change in gene expression patterns in response to host environments is a prerequisite for bacterial infection. Bacterial diseases often occur as an outcome of the complex interactions between pathogens and the host. The indigenous, usually non-pathogenic microflora is a ubiquitous constituent of the host. In order to understand the interactions between pathogens and the resident microflora and how they affect the gene expression patterns of the pathogens and contribute to bacterial diseases, the interactions between pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa and avirulent oropharyngeal flora (OF) strains isolated from sputum samples of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were investigated. Animal experiments using a rat lung infection model indicate that the presence of OF bacteria enhanced lung damage caused by P. aeruginosa. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis with a lux reporter-based promoter library demonstrated that approximately 4% of genes in the genome responded to the presence of OF strains using an in vitro system. Characterization of a subset of the regulated genes indicates that they fall into seven functional classes, and large portions of the upregulated genes are genes important for P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. Autoinducer-2 (AI-2)-mediated quorum sensing, a proposed interspecies signalling system, accounted for some, but not all, of the gene regulation. A substantial amount of AI-2 was detected directly in sputum samples from CF patients and in cultures of most non-pseudomonad bacteria isolated from the sputa. Transcriptional profiling of a set of defined P. aeruginosa virulence factor promoters revealed that OF and exogenous AI-2 could upregulate overlapping subsets of these genes. These results suggest important contributions of the host microflora to P. aeruginosa infection by modulating gene expression via interspecies communications.
Control of pattern dimensions in electron lithography (1978)

In electron lithographic processes pattern dimensions are distorted by ’’proximity’’ and ’’size’’ effects due to the action of backscattered electrons. This presents the mask designer with the problem of controlling these dimensions during the mask fabrication process so that the required patterns can be produced on the final substrate. This paper describes the processing of a resolution pattern, minimum geometry 0.5 μm, as it passes through the various stages of mask fabrication to the final stage where it is replicated in an electron image projector. The results show the pattern changes that take place, first at the electron-beam pattern generation stage, second at the mask etching stage, and third at the mask projection stage.
Vapor Pressure of Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Simulant Compounds (2009)

The vapor pressures of four lower alkyl phosphonate compounds, dimethyl phosphonate (DMHP, CAS 868-85-9), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP, CAS 756-79-6), diethyl methylphosphonate (DEMP, CAS 683-08-9), and diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP, CAS 1445-75-6), have been measured by complementary methods that allow data collection at ambient and high temperatures by use of gas saturation and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Kosolapoff (J. Chem. Soc. 1955, 2964−2965) reported vapor pressure data above 200 Pa for several of these compounds measured by use of isoteniscope, although the lowest data points were deemed to be "not trustworthy" by the author. Our report extends the low end of the measured data range by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude in pressure. Antoine correlations, normal boiling temperatures, temperature-dependent enthalpies of vaporization, and volatility have been derived based on the measured data reported herein. The advantages of using complementary methodology and measuring, as opposed to extrapolating, data have been demonstrated in this work.