gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Vapour Deposition (2008)

Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) involves the deposition of thin solid films from chemical precursors in the vapour phase, and encompasses a variety of deposition techniques, including a range of thermal processes, plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD), photon- initiated CVD, and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The development of CVD technology owes a great deal to collaboration between different scientific disciplines such as chemistry, physics, materials science, engineering and microelectronics, and the publication of this book will promote and stimulate continued dialogue between scientists from these different research areas. The book is one of the most comprehensive overviews ever written on the key aspects of chemical vapour deposition processes and it is more comprehensive, technically detailed and up-to-date than other books on CVD. The contributing authors are all practising CVD technologists and are leading international experts in the field of CVD. It presents a logical and progressive overview of the various aspects of CVD processes. Basic concepts, such as the various types of CVD processes, the design of CVD reactors, reaction modelling and CVD precursor chemistry are covered in the first few chapters. Then follows a detailed description of the use of a variety CVD techniques to deposit a wide range of materials, including semiconductors, metals, metal oxides and nitrides, protective coatings and functional coatings on glass. Finally and uniquely, for a technical volume, industrial and commercial aspects of CVD are also discussed together with possible future trends, which is an unusual, but very important aspect of the book. The book has been written with CVD practitioners in mind, such as the chemist who wishes to learn more about CVD processes, or the CVD technologist who wishes to gain an increased knowledge of precursor chemistry. The volume will prove particularly useful to those who have recently entered the field, and it will also make a valuable contribution to chemistry and materials science lecture courses at undergraduate and postgraduate level.
The Economic Impact of Wireless Number Portability (2011)

This paper examines the price response of wireless carriers to the introduction of number portability in the U . S . I find that wireless prices decreased in response to number portability, but not uniformly across plans. Average prices for the plans with the fewest minutes decreased by only $0.19/month (0.97%), but average prices for medium and high‐volume plans decreased by $3.64/month (4.84%) and $10.29/month (6.81%), respectively. The results suggest that higher‐volume users in the wireless market benefited more from the policy‐induced reduction in switching costs.
1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropylene Oxide (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT1,3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropylene OxideE. T. McBee, O. R. Pierce, and H. W. KilbourneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 16, 4091–4092Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01112a517https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01112a517research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chlorine Dioxide Gas Inactivation of Beta-Lactams (2011)

Allergic reactions to beta-lactams, such as penicillin, can be life-threatening. Due to the large number of individuals allergic to beta-lactams, a method for their inactivation was explored such that a contaminated area could be treated and re-used. The goal was to validate a cycle that could be used to treat a pharmaceutical manufacturer's beta-lactam manufacturing equipment for the future production of non-beta-lactam compounds. Testing was conducted using chlorine dioxide gas at various concentrations and exposure times in an effort to achieve the pharmaceutical manufacturer's required 3-log (99.9%) reduction of eight different beta-lactams on various surfaces. After a period of cycle development, multiple chlorine dioxide gas cycles at various concentrations and exposure lengths were shown effective in inactivating the eight beta-lactam compounds to a successful degree.
A mixed-initiative framework for robust plan sketching (2003)

Sketching provides a natural and compact means for a user to outline a plan for a high-level objective. Previous work on plan sketching required that sketches be valid, meaning that there be at least one legal completion of the sketch relative to predefined planning knowledge. This paper addresses the problem of plan sketch interpretation when the validity assumption does not hold. We present a formal framework for robust plan sketching that defines key concepts and algorithms for interpreting and repairing plan sketches with respect to two classes of problem: violated applicability conditions and extraneous actions. We also describe a mixed-initiative implementation of this framework that supports a user and the system working collaboratively to refine a plan sketch to a satisfactory solution.
Tumor Cell Loaded Type-1 Polarized Dendritic Cells Induce Th1-Mediated Tumor Immunity (2005)

Dendritic cells are professional antigen-presenting cells capable of inducing and regulating innate and antigen-specific immune responses. Therapeutic cancer vaccines using ex vivo engineered or in vivo targeted dendritic cells are being evaluated in clinical trials. T-helper type-1 (Th1)-skewed immune responses are characterized by the preferential induction of antigen-specific IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ T cells and correlate with effector mechanisms important for tumor and viral immunity. Methods to "polarize" human monocyte-derived dendritic cells for the preferential induction of Th1-skewed immune responses have been developed, and polarized dendritic cells (DC1s) are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we show that stimulation of bone marrow-derived murine dendritic cell populations with poly(I:C) and CpGs results in phenotypic maturation of dendritic cells and synergistic induction of durable, high-level IL-12p70 secretion characteristic of human type-1 polarized dendritic cells. Functionally, these dendritic cells induce antigen-specific Th1-type CD4+ T-cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Dendritic cell maturation and polarization are not inhibited by the presence of live B16 melanoma tumor cells, and tumor-loaded DC1s induce delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in vivo. DC1s loaded with B16 melanoma cells and injected into tumor-bearing mice induce Th1-skewed tumor-specific CD4+ T cells and a significant reduction in tumor growth. Tumor infiltrates in DC1-immunized animals are characterized by the presence of CD4+ T cells and activated macrophages. These results show a murine model of DC1 function and suggest an important role for CD4+ T cells and macrophages in DC1-induced antitumor immune responses. They have implications for the future development of DC1-based immunotherapies and strategies for clinical immune monitoring of their effectiveness.
Estimation of Aircraft Taxi-out Fuel Burn using Flight Data Recorder Archives (2011)

The taxi-out phase of a flight accounts for a significant fraction of total fuel burn for aircraft.In addition, surface fuel burn is also a major contributor to CO2 emissions in the vicinity of airports.It is therefore desirable to have accurate estimates of fuel consumption on the ground.This paper builds a model for estimation of on-ground fuel consumption of an aircraft, given its surface trajectory.Flight Data Recorder archives are used for this purpose.The taxi-out fuel burn is modeled as a linear function of several factors including the taxi-out time, number of stops, number of turns, and number of acceleration events.The statistical significance of each potential factor is investigated.The parameters of the model are estimated using least-squares regression.Since these parameters are estimated using data from operational aircraft, they provide more accurate estimates of fuel burn than methods that use idealized physical models of fuel consumption based on aircraft velocity profiles, or the baseline fuel consumption estimates provided by the International Civil Aviation Organization.Our analysis shows that in addition to the total taxi time, the number of acceleration events is a significant factor in determining taxi fuel consumption.
An optimal algorithm for on-line bipartite matching (1990)

Article Free Access Share on An optimal algorithm for on-line bipartite matching Authors: R. M. Karp University of California at Berkeley & International Computer Science Institute University of California at Berkeley & International Computer Science InstituteView Profile , U. V. Vazirani Cornell University Cornell UniversityView Profile , V. V. Vazirani View Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '90: Proceedings of the twenty-second annual ACM symposium on Theory of ComputingApril 1990Pages 352–358https://doi.org/10.1145/100216.100262Published:01 April 1990Publication History 439citation3,555DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations439Total Downloads3,555Last 12 Months519Last 6 weeks66 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
EL TRATAMIENTO A LA PLANIFICACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE EN LA EVOLUCIÓN HISTÓRICA DE LA DIDÁCTICA DE LA QUÍMICA (2020)

Planning is a determining stage in the direction of the teaching-learning process. In the initial training of the chemistry educator, the specific didactics concretes the theoretical and methodological bases for its treatment. These correspond to the requirements of the educational approach of the spheres of professional performance. Inasmuch as it is necessary to reveal the historical need that points to new approaches in the treatment of the planning of the teaching-learning process in chemistry. The objective of this article is to determine the behavior of the planning of the teaching-learning process of chemistry in the historical evolution of the discipline of Didactics of Chemistry. As a result, it was carried out the characterization of the treatment to the planning of the teaching-learning process in the Didactic Discipline of Chemistry, starting from the needs raised as demands in the adaptation to the context, the possibilities of adaptation to the context and the ways of realization. Research methods of a theoretical level were used, especially documentary analysis. Also, methods of the empirical level such as surveys and interviews, and procedures such as testimony. The trend in the demands on the planning of the teaching-learning process in chemistry reveals the involvement of the context in the achievement of the objectives of the process. There are increasing possibilities of adaptation to the context in contrast to the traditional forms of planning that respond to a didactic model centered on content.
Cultured Human Fibroblasts Secrete Insulin-Like Growth Factor IA Prohormone* (1989)

Nucleotide sequencing of the two known cDNAs encoding human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) predicts the existence of two different prohormone forms of IGF-I. The E peptide regions extend the carboxy-terminus of IGF-I by either an additional 35 (IGF-IA) or 77 (IGF-IB) amino acids. With a specific and sensitive RIA employing an antiserum directed against a synthetic peptide that is unique to the E peptide region of IGF-IA prohormone (EIA), we have identified EIA-immunoreactive material in the conditioned medium of fetal and postnatal human fibroblasts in culture. Incubation of postnatal human fibroblasts with GH increased specific immunoreactive EIA secretion 2- to 3-fold. There was no immunologically detectable 7.5K IGF-I or IGF-II peptide in acid-chromatographed human fibroblast-conditioned medium under either basal or GH-stimulated conditions. Acid chromatography of human fibroblast-conditioned medium on Sephadex G-75 revealed a single elution peak of EIA immunoreactivity corresponding to a mol wt of 9-17 K. With neutral chromatography, EIA immunoreactivity eluted at 25-38K mol wt. These data suggest that the E peptide region of IGF-IA is translated and released as part of the prohormone form in cultured human fibroblasts, and that the levels of this prohormone are regulated by GH.
Analysis of <scp>RNA</scp> by Northern and Slot Blot Hybridization (2004)

Specific sequences in RNA preparations can be detected by blotting and hybridization analysis using techniques very similar to those originally developed for DNA. Fractionated RNA is transferred from an agarose gel to a membrane support (northern blotting); unfractionated RNA is immobilized by slot or dot blotting. The resulting blots are studied by hybridization analysis with labeled DNA or RNA probes. Northern blotting differs from Southern blotting largely in the initial gel fractionation step. Because they are single-stranded, most RNAs are able to form secondary structures by intramolecular base pairing and must therefore be electrophoresed under denaturing conditions if good separations are to be obtained. Denaturation is achieved either by adding formaldehyde to the gel and loading buffers or by treating the RNA with glyoxal and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) prior to loading. The Basic Protocol describes blotting and hybridization of RNA fractionated in an agarose-formaldehyde gel. Alternate Protocols describe the glyoxal/DMSO method for denaturing gel electrophoresis and slot-blot hybridization of RNA samples. Stripping hybridization probes from blots can be done under three different sets of conditions; these methods are outlined in a Support Protocol.
Cycloolefin polymerization initiated by transition metal–π‐allylic complexes (1972)

Abstract A new class of catalysts for polymerization of cycloalkenes was developed, based on the interaction of these hydrocarbons with π‐allylic transition metal complexes. The reaction route (decyclization or double‐bond opening) and the microstructure of polyalkenamers obtained is determined primarily by the nature of the transition metal and also by the nature and the number of ligands bound to the metal. π‐Allylic complexes of zirconium and chromium catalyze the polymerization of cycloalkenes in both directions. For complexes of the group VI metals the substitution of molybdenum or tungsten for chromium results in complete suppression of the double‐bond opening. In the presence of Group VIII metal compounds the polymerization of cycloolefins occurs exclusively at the double bond. The introduction of acidic ligands into the internal sphere of the π‐allylic compound does not affect the reaction route but results in a significant rise of the yield of polyalkenamers and enriches the content of trans ‐1,4‐units. Lewis acids act as activators for complexes of all the metals, the halides of molybdenum and tungsten affecting favorably the decyclization. It is assumed that the ring‐opening polymerization of cycloolefins proceeds via π‐allylic complex formation.
A scheduling service for a dynamic real-time CORBA system (2002)

Distributed real time applications have presented the need to extend the Object Management Group's (OMG) Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA) standard to support real time. The OMG has formed a real time special interest group (RT SIG) to specify requirements for extending CORBA for real time. One of these requirements involves providing global scheduling of all executions to support end to end timing constraints in the real time CORBA system. The paper describes the design and implementation of a real time scheduling service for a Dynamic Real Time CORBA system.
Studies on Antibiotics. V (1955)

Crude allomycin was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptomyces sindenensis by the solvent and ion exchange resin methods and was purified through its hydrochloride. various properties of allomycin and its derivatives were clarified and it was concluded that allomycin is identical with amicetin, discovered by Hinman and others.
Application of Multielectrode Array Sensor to Study Dewpoint Corrosion in High Pressure Natural Gas Pipeline Environments (2006)

Abstract Internal corrosion of pipelines occurs where water or other corrosive electrolyte accumulates. This is the basis for Internal Corrosion Direct Assessment (ICDA). Although ICDA focuses on nominally dry gas with episodes of water upset, the well accepted criteria for dry gas (e.g., water less than 112 mg/m3 or 7 pounds per million standard cubic feet, MMSCF) may be significantly influenced by the presence of bacterial biofilms and hygroscopic solids, such as iron oxide corrosion products and some salts. Therefore, understanding the changes in dew point induced by the presence of these compounds is necessary to better quantify gas quality requirements. The Multielectrode Array Sensor (MAS) probe was used to study the effect of biofilms and corrosion products on corrosion in high pressure gas mixtures. It was found that: (i) the MAS probe is sensitive in detecting localized corrosion in wet gas streams at pipeline pressures; (ii) the corrosion rate is sensitive to gas composition/quality; (iii) the presence of biofilm and corrosion products affected the dew point but the current water content specifications for gas are sufficiently conservative that this decrease in dew point is not a concern; and (iv) the corrosion under the biofilm once initiated at high humidity levels did not decrease even upon decrease of humidity to levels lower than needed to initiate corrosion.
Mutation of the SPS1-encoded protein kinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae leads to defects in transcription and morphology during spore formation. (1994)

During sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, meiosis is followed by encapsulation of haploid nuclei within multilayered spore walls. Completion of the late events of the sporulation program requires the SPS1 gene. This developmentally regulated gene, which is expressed as cells are nearing the end of meiosis, encodes a protein with homology to serine/threonine protein kinases. The catalytic domain of Sps1 is 44% identical to the kinase domain of yeast Ste20, a protein involved in the pheromone-induced signal transduction pathway. Cells of a MATa/MAT alpha sps1/sps1 strain arrest after meiosis and fail to activate genes that are normally expressed at a late time of sporulation. The mutant cells do not form refractile spores as assessed by phase-contrast microscopy and do not display the natural fluorescence and ether resistance that is characteristic of mature spores. Examination by electron microscopy reveals, however, that prospore-like compartments form in some of the mutant cells. These immature spores lack the cross-linked surface layer that surrounds wild-type spores and are more variable in size and number than are the spores of wild-type cells. Despite their inability to complete spore formation, sps1-arrested cells are able to resume mitotic growth on transfer to rich medium, generating haploid progeny. Our results suggest that the developmentally regulated Sps1 kinase is required for normal progression of transcriptional, biochemical, and morphological events during the later portion of the sporulation program.
WS<sub>2</sub> Nanobuds as a New Hybrid Nanomaterial (2007)

We report on the first inorganic nanobuds: WS2 nanotubes decorated with fullerene-like particles. They were synthesized by sulfurization of W5O14 nanowires. The fullerene-like particles nucleate in surface corrugations of the nanowires and grow by a diffusion process simultaneously with the transformation of nanowires into hollow multiwall nanotubes. Electron microscopy data are correlated with details of the transformation process revealing the possible mechanism of the formation of these new complex nanomaterials.
Wireless Communication and Power Supply Strategy for Sensor Applications Within Closed Metal Walls (2010)

Passive or semiactive wireless sensors, i.e., sensors that require neither wires nor external power supply/batteries, are attractive for many measurement problems. Standard approaches based on Radio Frequency Identification technology usually have difficulties when a fairly conductive matter such as steel or a large amount of water is in the vicinity of the devices. This paper investigates methods for power and data transmission, even through the metal walls, e.g., of a tank or a pipe using super low frequency carrier signals. The feasibility is demonstrated by means of finite-element analysis and laboratory experiments and validated with a prototype setup for both a steel pipe and a tin container. Experimental results for capacitive fill-level measurement inside a metallic container are reported.
Growth and water relations of field‐grown tall fescue as influenced by drought and endophyte (1996)

Abstract Field plots were established in autumn 1992 in which endophyte [ Neotyphodium coenophialum Glenn. Bacon, Price and Hanlin (formerly Acremonium coenophialum )]‐infected (E + ) and endophyte‐free (E − ) isolines of three tall fescue [ Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) genotypes were planted. Plants were subjected to three water‐withholding periods in 1993 and one in 1994, or were kept well watered throughout the experiment. There were no consistent endophyte effects for leaf elongation, tiller density or dry weight per tiller. There were genotype X endophyte interactions ( P <001) for tiller density and shoot dry weight per area and genotype X water X endophyte interactions ( P <005) for cumulative leaf elongation in 1993. These interactions indicated the highly specific effect of host genotype‐endophyte association on the expression of plant growth. Leaf rolling in the stressed treatments was more severe in E − than in E + plants in 1993, but there were no differences in 1994, and stomatal conductance tended to be lower in E − than in E + plants in 1993. Fractional water content of the lower 3 cm of the youngest fully developed leaf sheath was usually greater, and never less, in E + than in E − plants. The leaf rolling and stomatal conductance results suggest that E − plants were more severely stressed in the summer after planting. Thus, the endophyte may induce greater water retention in the leaf sheath and therefore better protect the internal growing zone from lethal desiccation.