gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wire array Z-pinch dynamics with axial magnetic fields (2006)

Summary form only given. We describe recent cylindrical and radial ('cartwheel') wire array Z-pinch experiments on the MAGPIE facility (1 MA, 250 ns). The majority of each experiment is dominated by the gradual ablation of the cold, relatively dense wire cores into coronal plasma. Implosion only occurs when sections of the wire cores run out of mass - with cylindrical arrays this is simultaneous along the length of the array; whilst in radial arrays the high magnetic field adjacent to the cathode localises the start of implosion. In cylindrical arrays, the gaps in the wire cores result in a sheath of current snowploughing coronal plasma, that had been ablated from the wires, towards the axis. In radial arrays, however, the JtimesB <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">thetas</sub> force results in plasma being projected out of the plane of the array, and the implosion progressing similar to a plasma focus. The dynamics of each type of array is diagnosed using a combination of laser probing, XUV framing and streak photography techniques. Formation of the snowplough sheath and the stability of the pinch during stagnation is examined and contrasted with the X-ray pulse. Finally we explore the action of different strength axial magnetic fields on array behaviour
Power system controller in an intelligent telecom rectifier plant (2003)

An intelligent power system controller (PSC) philosophy and concept for intelligent rectifier plants are presented. A modular, flexible control system is an ideal platform built for all necessary functions to fulfill all the requirements and the needs of owners, users, and operators of telecom plants. Changes or additions of functions are implemented only by software. High availability can be achieved by implemented fault tolerance. The reuse of high reliable, field installed and tested software blocks and functions is highly recommended.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On Aspect-Oriented Programming in Adaptive User Interfaces (2015)

Adaptive User Interfaces (AUIs) provide better usability, user satisfaction as well as personalized experience. AUIs bring broad benefits to end users, but their construction introduces numerous difficulties caused by extended development and maintenance efforts. One option to deal with the above problems is to generate various User Interface (UI) descriptions from a model or existing code. This paper considers the Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)-based approach for the AUI design. Integrations of the approach with contemporary AUI frameworks, such as XML User Interface Language (XUL), User interface protocol (UIP) and JavaServer Faces (JSF) are compared from the perspective of the development and maintenance on a case study involving context- aware (CA) application. The outcome of this paper presents advantages, disadvantages and limitations of the particular frameworks for construction of AUIs.
Non Data-Aided Estimation of the Modulation Index of Continuous Phase Modulations (2004)

In this paper, a new non data-aided estimator of the modulation index of continuous phase modulated (CPM) signals is proposed. It is based on the observation that the inverse of the index is the smallest positive real number a CPM signal should be raised to in order to generate a sinusoid of period 2T, where T is the symbol period. The asymptotic behavior of the estimator is studied. If N is the sample size, the estimation error is shown to converge to a non-Gaussian distribution at a rate of 1/N. Simulation results sustain the conclusions of the theoretical asymptotic analysis.
Development of virtual machine for Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) by using STEPS&#x2122; programming method (2011)

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is widely used in manufacturing industries for automation and became one of the essential subjects in the university. Learning theory in class alone is not enough to acquire the knowledge of PLC. Therefore in this paper a PLC Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tool suit is developed to assist students' learning in the class. It consists of ladder diagram editor, simulator and compiler. It also provides an interactive learning in class as well as hand-on activities for laboratories. This software package is developed using Object Oriented Programming (OOP) language Visual Basic 6 to create a virtual microcontroller environment in simulation process.
Simultaneous intermediate-view interpolation and multiplexing algorithm for a fast lenticular display (2007)

Lenticular displays are a promising form of autostereoscopic technology and several products have recently been commercialized. For lenticular displays, typically several views of a scene are acquired from different viewpoints, or are generated by using depth information. If the depth information of a scene is known, then it is possible to easily generate several intermediate views simply by using the stereo image pair and depth information. The paper presents a simple method to correct the lenticular alignment error by compensating the correction coefficients to the viewpoint determination formula. For the realization of a fast lenticular display and removal of image distortion and artifacts, the proposed algorithm simultaneously performs intermediate floating-pointview interpolation and multiplexing on the scanline using the left-view and right-view images and depth information. Experimental results show that lenticular images having considerably reduced distortion and artifacts are generated by using the proposed algorithm.
Human-Computer Interaction and Virtual Environments (1995)

The proceedings of the Workshop on Human-Computer Interaction and Virtual Environments are presented along with a list of attendees. The objectives of the workshop were to assess the state-of-technology and level of maturity of several areas in human-computer interaction and to provide guidelines for focused future research leading to effective use of these facilities in the design/fabrication and operation of future high-performance engineering systems.
Inertial fusion energy development approaches for direct and indirect-drive (1996)

Consideration of different driver and target requirements for inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plants together with the potential energy gains of direct and indirect-drive targets leads to different optimal combinations of driver and target options for each type of target. In addition, different fusion chamber concepts are likely to be most compatible with these different driver and target combinations. For example, heavy-ion drivers appear to be well matched to indirect=drive targets with all-liquid-protected-wall chambers requiring two-sided illuminations, while diode-pumped, solid- state laser drivers are better matched to direct-drive targets with chambers using solid walls or flow-guiding structures to allow spherically symmetric illuminations. R&D on the critical issues of drivers, targets, and chambers for both direct and indirect-drive options should be pursued until the ultimate gain of either type of target for IFE is better understood.
Lack of Effect of a Knee Ligament Injury Prevention Program on the Incidence of Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury (2006)

Our results suggest that a twenty-minute plyometric-based exercise program that focuses on the mechanics of landing from a jump and deceleration when running performed twice a week throughout the season will not reduce the rate of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries in high-school female athletes.
Factors modifying survival pathways of germinal center B cells. Glucocorticoids and transforming growth factor‐β, but not cyclosporin A or anti‐CD19, block surface immunoglobulin‐mediated rescue from apoptosis (1992)

The tendency for germinal center (GC) B cells to enter apoptosis is suppressed on engaging antigen receptor with immobilized anti-immunoglobulin; cross-linking of surface CD40 by monoclonal antibodies provides an additional signal for rescuing GC cells from programmed death. These observations are believed to reflect events that, in vivo, would allow for the selection of centrocytes which have undergone somatic mutation on Ig V-region genes to generate antigen receptor of high affinity. The purpose of the present study was to identify factors capable of modifying the survival pathways of GC cells. Transforming growth factor-beta, at an optimal concentration of 1 ng/ml, was found to inhibit surface immunoglobulin (sIg)-mediated rescue of GC cells but had no influence on survival promoted through CD40. Both routes of rescue were blocked by the glucocorticoid prednisolone at pharmacological concentrations (ID50 = 10(-7) M). Cyclosporin A, an antagonist of sIg-mediated signaling in resting B cells, failed to block rescue of GC cells through either of the receptor-activated pathways. Antibody to CD19--which also suppresses the activation of resting B cells--not only left GC cell rescue undiminished, but rather provided a modest survival signal of its own; interferon-alpha behaved similarly while interferon-gamma failed to influence GC cell survival in either direction.
KSOS—The design of a secure operating system (1979)

This paper discusses the design of the Department of Defense (DoD) Kemelized Secure Operating System (KSOS, formerly called Secure UNIX). ** KSOS is intended to provide a provably secure operating system for larger minicomputers. KSOS will provide a system call interface closely compatible with the UNIX operating system. The initial implementation of KSOS will be on a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11/70 computer system. A group from Honeywell is also proceeding with an implementation for a modified version of the Honeywell Level 6 computer system.
In Situ Control of Local pH Using a Boron Doped Diamond Ring Disk Electrode: Optimizing Heavy Metal (Mercury) Detection (2013)

A novel electrochemical approach to modifying aqueous solution pH in the vicinity of a detector electrode in order to optimize the electrochemical measurement signal is described. A ring disk electrode was employed where electrochemical decomposition of water on the ring was used to generate a flux of protons which adjusts the local pH controllably and quantifiably at the disk. Boron doped diamond (BDD) functioned as the electrode material given the stability of this electrode surface especially when applying high potentials (to electrolyze water) for significant periods of time. A pH sensitive iridium oxide electrode electrodeposited on the disk electrode demonstrated that applied positive currents on the BDD ring, up to +50 μA, resulted in a local pH decrease of over 4 orders of magnitude, which remained stable over the measurement time of 600 s. pH generation experiments were found to be in close agreement with finite element simulations. The dual electrode arrangement was used to significantly improve the stripping peak signature for Hg in close to neutral conditions by the generation of pH = 2.0, locally. With the ability to create a localized pH change electrochemically in the vicinity of the detector electrode, this system could provide a simple method for optimized analysis at the source, e.g., river and sea waters.
Transparent phase shifting mask (2002)

A transparent phase shifting mask has been demonstrated to improve the resolution of the conventional i-line stepper and to facilitate the fabrication of various deep submicron patterns for VLSI. This mask, having a single patterned layer of phase shifter, can be easily fabricated, and it is easy to inspect and repair compared to the conventional phase shifting mask with double patterned layers for the Cr layer and the phase shifter layer. The transparent phase shifting mask is promising for fabricating sub-half-micron patterns for 64 M DRAMs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application of metasurface description for multilayered metamaterials and an alternative theory for metamaterial perfect absorber (2011)

We analyze single and multilayered metamaterials by modeling each layer as a metasurface with effective surface electric and magnetic susceptibility derived through a thin film approximation. Employing a transfer matrix method, these metasurfaces can be assembled into multilayered metamaterials to realize certain functionalities. We demonstrate numerically that this approach provides an alternative interpretation of metamaterial-based perfect absorption, showing that the underlying mechanism is a modified Fabry-Perot resonance. This method provides a general approach applicable for decoupled or weakly coupled multilayered metamaterials.
Evaluation of platelet turnover by flow cytometry (2006)

The number of circulating newly produced platelets depends on the thrombopoietic capacity of bone marrow as well as platelet removal from the bloodstream. Flow cytometric analysis with thiazole orange (TO), a fluorescent dye that crosses platelet membranes and binds intracellular RNA, has been used to measure circulating reticulated platelets (RPs) with high RNA content as an index of platelet turnover. We first assessed the specificity of TO flow cytometry and then applied this method in the diagnosis of thrombocytopenia caused by impaired platelet production or increased destruction. We also explored the utility of TO flow cytometry to predict thrombocytopoiesis after chemotherapy-induced bone marrow aplasia. Venous blood, anticoagulated with K(2)EDTA, was incubated with 0.6 microg/ml TO plus an anti-GPIIIa monoclonal antibody. The mean percentage of RPs in control subjects (n = 23) was 6.13 +/- 3.09%. RPs were 10.41 +/- 9.02% in patients (n = 10) with hematological malignancies during aplasia induced by chemotherapy and a significant increase in RPs (35.45 +/- 6.11%) was seen in the recovery phase. In 10 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, the percentage of TO positive platelets was 67.81 +/- 18.79 (P < 0.001 vs. controls). In patients with thrombocytopenia associated with hepatic cirrhosis (n = 21; 21.04 +/- 16.21%, P < 0.001 vs. controls) or systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 6, 29.08 +/- 15.57%; P < 0.001 vs. controls) increases in TO-stained platelets were also observed. Measurement of TO positive platelets may be a reliable tool for the laboratory identification of platelet disorders, with a higher sensitivity than measurement of platelet volume. Measurement of RPs may also prove useful to recognize the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms in thrombocytopenia.
Development of high-T/sub c/ superconductor wires for magnet applications (1991)

Bi-2212/Ag phi 1-mm round untextured wires have been produced with critical current densities of 1200 A/cm/sup 2/ at 77 K, 0 T and up to about 2.0*10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 4.2 K in magnetic fields beyond 20 T. In order to achieve this, a two-step annealing procedure is necessary with a partial melting of the wire core, the melt having a composition near Bi/sub 2/(Sr,Ca)/sub 2/Cu/sub 1/O/sub 6+x/. On cooling, the Bi/sub 2/(Sr,Ca)/sub 2/Cu/sub 1/O/sub 6+x/ phase appears at 880 degrees C, as revealed by in situ XRD (X-ray diffraction) measurements. Long-term annealing at 840 degrees C leads to the transformation of this phase into the Bi/sub 2/Sr/sub 2/Ca/sub 1/ Cu/sub 2/O/sub 8+x/ phase. The alkaline earth cuprate (Sr,Ca) /sub 14/Cu/sub 24/O/sub approximately=40/ and CuO occur as major extraneous phases. Helically shaped samples yield a lower j/sub c/ between 3*10/sup 3/ and maximum 1.0*10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 4.2 K, 10 T. Cracks due to thermal expansion mismatch with the sample holder and remaining inhomogeneities along the wire are responsible for these lower values. From I-V curves measured at 4.2 K, n-values were determined to be 20 to 25 in the interesting very-high-field region beyond 20 T. Bi-2223/Ag highly textured thin tapes yield an appreciably higher j/sub c/ of 2.6*10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 77 K, 0 T. Temperature-dependent measurements of j/sub c/ as a function of magnetic field B yielded onset of significant flux creep above 20 K, limiting the range of application in magnet technology to the temperature range up to 20 K unless an additional more effective pinning mechanism is introduced.
Inhibitory effect of BIBN4096BS, CGRP<sub>8–37</sub>, a CGRP antibody and an RNA‐Spiegelmer on CGRP induced vasodilatation in the perfused and non‐perfused rat middle cerebral artery (2007)

alpha or betaCGRP acted on smooth muscle cell CGRP receptors in rat MCA and were effectively prevented from reaching these receptors by the endothelial barrier. The CGRP blockers significantly inhibited alphaCGRP induced relaxation but were also prevented from reaching the CGRP receptors by the arterial endothelium.
Absence of antiarrhythmic effects of helium in patients with spontaneous premature ventricular beats at rest. (1979)

Six patients with spontaneously occurring arrhythmias were studied to assess the antiarrhythmic properties of helium. The patients were divided into two subgroups breathing air, helium-oxygen (heliox), and nitrogen-oxygen (nitrox) in an alternating sequence during successive 20-min periods under continuous ECG surveillance at rest. There were no significant reductions in spontaneously occurring premature ventricular beats while breathing heliox, compared to breathing air of nitrox. Alternating the breathing gases in this manner caused no change in plasma concentration of electrolytes or in activity of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase or lactic acid dehydrogenase. We conclude that helium does not affect spontaneously occurring chronic premature ventricular beats in conscious resting man when it is breathed for a period of up to 20 min.
Nanoparticle-assisted DNA nanosensor (2007)

We report a sensitive nanosensor based on a micro-fluidic chip and nanoparticles to detect low concentrations of DNA. The emission of CdSe/ZnS-QDs linked with single strand DNAs was quenched by gold nanoparticles linked with the complementary sequences after hybridization. Sensitively detected signal of DNA was obtained from a 100μm capillary.
Small-Molecule Binding Sites on Proteins Established by Paramagnetic NMR Spectroscopy (2013)

Determining the three-dimensional structure of a small molecule-protein complex with weak affinity can be a significant challenge. We present a paramagnetic NMR method to determine intermolecular structure restraints based on pseudocontact shifts (PCSs). Since the ligand must be in fast exchange between free and bound states and the fraction bound can be as low as a few percent, the method is ideal for ligands with high micromolar to millimolar dissociation constants. Paramagnetic tags are attached, one at a time, in a well-defined way via two arms at several sites on the protein surface. The ligand PCSs were measured from simple 1D (1)H spectra and used as docking restraints. An independent confirmation of the complex structure was carried out using intermolecular NOEs. The results show that structures derived from these two approaches are similar. The best results are obtained if the magnetic susceptibility tensors of the tags are known, but it is demonstrated that with two-armed probes, the magnetic susceptibility tensor can be predicted with sufficient accuracy to provide a low-resolution model of the ligand orientation and the location of the binding site in the absence of isotope-labeled protein. This approach can facilitate fragment-based drug discovery in obtaining structural information on the initial fragment hits.
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Type Ig Is Defined by a Deficiency in Dolichyl-P-mannose:Man7GlcNAc2-PP-dolichyl Mannosyltransferase (2002)

Type I congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG I) are diseases presenting multisystemic lesions including central and peripheral nervous system deficits. The disease is characterized by under-glycosylated serum glycoproteins and is caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins involved in the stepwise assembly of dolichol-oligosaccharide used for protein N-glycosylation. We report that fibroblasts from a type I CDG patient, born of consanguineous parents, are deficient in their capacity to add the eighth mannose residue onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor. We have characterized cDNA corresponding to the human ortholog of the yeast gene ALG12 that encodes the dolichyl-P-Man:Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichyl alpha6-mannosyltransferase that is thought to accomplish this reaction, and we show that the patient is homozygous for a point mutation (T571G) that causes an amino acid substitution (F142V) in a conserved region of the protein. As the pathological phenotype of the fibroblasts of the patient was largely normalized upon transduction with the wild type gene, we demonstrate that the F142V substitution is the underlying cause of this new CDG, which we suggest be called CDG Ig. Finally, we show that the fibroblasts of the patient are capable of the direct transfer of Man(7)GlcNAc(2) from dolichol onto protein and that this N-linked structure can be glucosylated by UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase in the endoplasmic reticulum.
[High-dose oral bacteria-therapy for chronic non-specific diarrhea of infancy]. (1992)

The Authors evaluate the effectiveness of oral bacteriotherapy using a combination of anaerobe fecal Lactobacilli for chronic non specific diarrhea of infancy. A double blind study was carried out in a total of 40 children treated with low and high doses of bacteria. The results confirm the importance of fecal flora in this disease and support the hypothesis that oral bacteriotherapy can improve clinical and laboratory presentation especially when given at high doses.
Effect of CO<sub>2</sub> Bubbling into Aqueous Solutions Used for Electrochemical Reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> for Energy Conversion and Storage (2014)

CO2 bubbling into electrolytes is widely used for the electrochemical and photoelectrochemical reduction of CO2 as a carbon source. However, the effects of the CO2 bubbling into the electrolytes have rarely been studied and are not clear. The CO2 bubbling into different electrolytes such as KHCO3, K2CO3, KCl, and KOH was investigated in this research. The concentrations of total dissolved carbon (TC), H2CO3* (sum of dissolved CO2 and H2CO3), HCO3–, and CO32– in different solutions before and after bubbling with CO2 until saturation were evaluated. The CO2 bubbling caused the pH of the electrolytes to decrease and affected the existence forms of the dissolved carbonaceous species. After bubbling with CO2, the major form of dissolved CO2 in KHCO3, K2CO3, and KOH was HCO3–, while H2CO3* was the dominant species in KCl, HCl, and H2O. The ratio of H2CO3*/TC reduces as the concentration of KHCO3 increases, which is possibly the reason for the decrease of CO2 reduction by the solution of high KHCO3 concentration. Furthermore, CO2 partial pressure increasing caused by the CO2 bubbling strongly enhanced the concentration of CO2 in H2O, which is in accordance with Henry’s law.
A 4 $\times$ 4 Ridge Substrate Integrated Waveguide (RSIW) Slot Array Antenna (2009)

The waveguide slot array antenna is known to suffer from a very limited frequency bandwidth, which becomes even more serious in substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW)-based design because of its reduced waveguide height. In this work, a 4 x 4 slot array antenna based on ridge SIW (RSIW) and T-type folded SIW (TFSIW) techniques is proposed, and an 8.8% bandwidth is easily achieved. The proposed antenna structure is then fabricated. Measured results are well consistent with simulated ones.