gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blockade of the α<sub>2</sub>‐Macroglobulin Receptor/Low‐Density‐Lipoprotein‐Receptor‐Related Protein on Rat Liver Parenchymal Cells by the 39‐kDa Receptor‐Associated Protein Leaves the Interaction of β‐Migrating very‐Low‐Density Lipoprotein with the Lipoprotein Remnant Receptor Unaffected (1996)

The nature of the liver binding site which is responsible for the initial recognition and clearance of chylomicron-remnants and beta-migrating very-low-density lipoprotein (beta-VLDL) is under active dispute. We have investigated the effect of the 39-kDa receptor-associated protein (RAP) on the recognition site for activated alpha 2-macroglobulin and beta-VLDL on rat liver parenchymal cells in vivo and in vitro in order to analyze whether both substrates are recognized and internalized by the same receptor system. Radiolabelled trypsin-activated alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M-T) was cleared rapidly by the liver (maximal uptake of 80.8 +/- 1.0% of the injected dose). Prior injection of 5, 15, or 50 mg gluthathione-S-transferase-linked RAP (GST-RAP)/kg rat reduced the liver uptake to 62.2 +/- 2.3%, 59.3 +/- 1.1%, or 2.9 +/- 0.1% of the injected dose, respectively. Concurrently the serum decay was strongly delayed after injection of 50 mg GST-RAP/kg rat but this did not affect the serum decay and liver uptake of 125I-beta-VLDL. Binding studies with isolated liver parenchymal cells in vitro demonstrated that the binding of 125I-alpha 2M-T was 98% inhibited by GST-RAP with an IC50 of 0.3 microgram/ml (4.2 nM), whereas the binding of 125I-beta-VLDL and 125I-beta-VLDL + recombinant apolipoprotein E (rec-apoE) was unaffected by GST-RAP up to 50 micrograms/ml (700 nM). Also, the cell association and degradation of alpha 2M-T was blocked by RAP, while the association and degradation of beta-VLDL and beta-VLDL + rec-apoE were not influenced. The inhibitory effect of RAP on the cell association and degradation of alpha 2M-T lasted for 1-2 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. The binding of the radioiodinated RAP to isolated liver parenchymal cells was highly efficiently coupled to lysosomal degradation. Upon in vivo injection into rats, 125I-labeled RAP is rapidly cleared from the serum and taken up by the liver, which is also coupled to efficient degradation. Since RAP blocks binding of all known ligands to the alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (the alpha 2Mr/LRP) and at high concentrations the binding to the LDL receptor, we conclude that the initial binding and internalization of beta-VLDL by rat liver parenchymal cells is not mediated by the alpha 2Mr/LRP. The properties of binding of beta-VLDL to rat liver parenchymal cells points to an apoE-specific recognition site for lipoprotein remnants which differs from the alpha 2Mr/LRP, proteoglycans and the LDL receptor and is tentatively called the lipoprotein remnant receptor.
Matching constraints and the joint image (2002)

The paper studies the geometry of multi image perspective projection and the matching constraints that this induces on image measurements. The combined image projections define a 3D joint image subspace of the space of combined homogeneous image coordinates. This is a complete projective replica of the 3D world in image coordinates. Its location encodes the imaging geometry and is captured by the 4 index joint image Grassmannian tensor. Projective reconstruction in the joint image is a canonical process requiring only a simple rescaling of image coordinates. Reconstruction in world coordinates amounts to a choice of basis in the joint image. The matching constraints are multilinear tensorial equations in image coordinates that tell whether tokens in different images could be the projections of a single world token. For 2D images of 3D points there are exactly three basic types: the epipolar constraint, A. Shashua's (1995) trilinear one, and a new quadrilinear 4 image one. For images of lines, R. Hartley's (1994) trilinear constraint is the only type. The coefficients of the matching constraints are tensors built directly from the joint image Grassmannian. Their complex algebraic interdependency is captured by quadratic structural simplicity constraints on the Grassmannian.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Zn2+-heparin interaction studied by potentiometric titration (1992)

Measurement of the decrease in pH that accompanies the addition of Zn2+ to heparin in solution provided an indirect method of examining cation-polyanion interaction. Construction of plots analogous to isothermal saturation binding plots revealed the existence, for defined conditions of interaction, of a [heparin]-independent direct proportionality between the fraction of the maximal pH change occurring and the [Zn2+]/[heparin disaccharide] ratio. This accords with results from polarimetric examination of Ca(2+)- and Cu(2+)-heparin interactions. It suggests that, under the conditions used, cation-heparin interaction may result in the formation of a complex that exists in a colloid-like phase, between which and the aqueous phase, exchange of cations does not follow simple solution-phase reversible equilibrium thermodynamic behaviour. The results suggest that the putative Zn(2+)-containing complex is less stable in the presence of NaCl than is the corresponding Ca(2+)-containing complex. Addition of Zn2+ to low concentrations of heparins is accompanied by the usual decrease in pH, followed by a removal of H+ from solution as the [Zn2+]/[heparin disaccharide] ratio increases, suggesting dissolution of the putative complex. This reversal of the initial pH change was not seen for most other cation-heparin interactions under the conditions studied.
Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides as a Tool for Studying Cell Regulation: Mechanism of Uptake and Application to the Study of Oncogene Function (1989)

To understand the role of individual genes in the regulation of growth and differentiation, their specific inhibition is necessary. When the gene products are surface proteins, such as growth factor receptors, such inhibition may be accomplished by use of monoclonal antibodies capable of interfering with the binding of ligand to receptor (Neckers and Cossman, 1983). However, when the protein of interest is localized to an intracellular compartment, antibodies must be delivered by microinjection to one cell at a time. While possible, such methodology is tedious, requires specialized apparatus and techniques, and does not lend itself to the study of cells growing in suspension culture (i.e. most haematopoietic cells).
THE CONCEPT ‘SENSIBILITÉ’ AND THE ENLIGHTENMENT (1967)

(1967). THE CONCEPT ‘SENSIBILITE’ AND THE ENLIGHTENMENT. Journal of the Australasian Universities Language and Literature Association: Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 5-17.
Possible Involvement of Jasmonic Acid in Tuberization of Yam Plants (1991)

Journal Article Possible Involvement of Jasmonic Acid in Tuberization of Yam Plants Get access Yasunori Koda, Yasunori Koda Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, 060 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Yoshio Kikuta Yoshio Kikuta Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, 060 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Plant and Cell Physiology, Volume 32, Issue 5, July 1991, Pages 629–633, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078125 Published: 01 July 1991 Article history Received: 25 February 1991 Accepted: 15 April 1991 Published: 01 July 1991
Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment for a Cradle-to-Cradle Cycle: Biogas-to-Bioplastic (and Back) (2012)

At present, most synthetic organic materials are produced from fossil carbon feedstock that is regenerated over time scales of millions of years. Biobased alternatives can be rapidly renewed in cradle-to-cradle cycles (1-10 years). Such materials extend landfill life and decrease undesirable impacts due to material persistence. This work develops a LCA for synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from methane with subsequent biodegradation of PHB back to biogas (40-70% methane, 30-60% carbon dioxide). The parameters for this cradle-to-cradle cycle for PHB production are developed and used as the basis for a cradle-to-gate LCA. PHB production from biogas methane is shown to be preferable to its production from cultivated feedstock due to the energy and land required for the feedstock cultivation and fermentation. For the PHB-methane cycle, the major challenges are PHB recovery and demands for energy. Some or all of the energy requirements can be satisfied using renewable energy, such as a portion of the collected biogas methane. Oxidation of 18-26% of the methane in a biogas stream can meet the energy demands for aeration and agitation, and recovery of PHB synthesized from the remaining 74-82%. Effective coupling of waste-to-energy technologies could thus conceivably enable PHB production without imported carbon and energy.
Sexual differentiation of reproductive neuroendocrine function in sheep (1998)

In many species, the timing of puberty is different in males and females. This does not simply reflect differences in the time course of activation of the testes and ovaries. Rather, sex differences in pubertal onset reside within brain mechanisms controlling GnRH secretion, as exemplified by studies conducted in sheep. Exposure of sheep fetuses to testicular steroids alters the timing of puberty, principally by reducing photoperiod responsiveness. This is manifest as an early increase in LH secretion in males or in females exposed experimentally to testosterone before birth. Steroids also act on non-photoperiodic mechanisms to abolish the preovulatory gonadotrophin surge. In view of these multiple organizational actions of steroids to control postnatal gonadotrophin secretion, it is becoming clear that there are many critical periods of brain development for organizing the GnRH neurosecretory system, and that these may be sensitive to different testosterone metabolites. Although GnRH neurones are not sexually dimorphic with respect to number, distribution or gross morphology, fundamental questions remain as to how steroids exert their effects at the cell through actions on GnRH afferents. Teleologically, these early sex-specific changes in mechanisms timing puberty maximize the chance that reproductive activity will ultimately be successful in each sex.
On Broadcasting in Radio Networks--Problem Analysis and Protocol Design (1985)

In this paper we develop a graph-oriented model for dealing with broadcasting in radio networks. Using this model, optimality in broadcasting protocols is defined, and it is shown that the problem of finding an optimal protocol is NP-hard. A polynomial time algorithm is proposed under which a channel is assigned to nodes from global, multiple-source broadcasting considerations. In particular, nodes participating in the broadcast do not interfere with each other's transmissions, but otherwise simultaneous channel reuse is permitted. Protocol implementations of this approach by frequency division and by time division are given. It is shown that, using these protocols, bounded delay for broadcasted messages can be guaranteed.
Two newly identified SipA domains (F1, F2) steer effector protein localization and contribute to <i>Salmonella</i> host cell manipulation (2007)

Salmonella Typhimurium causes bacterial enterocolitis. The type III secretion system (TTSS)-1 is a key virulence determinant of S. Typhimurium mediating host cell invasion and acute enterocolitis. The TTSS-1 effector protein SipA is transported into host cells, accumulates in characteristic foci at the bacteria-host cell interface, manipulates signalling and affects virulence. Two functional domains of SipA have previously been characterized: The N-terminal SipA region (amino acids 1-105) mediates TTSS-1 transport and the C-terminal SipA 'actin-binding' domain (ABD; amino acids 446-685) manipulates F-actin assembly. Little is known about the central region of SipA. In a deletion analysis we found that the central SipA region harbours two distinct functional domains, F1 and F2. They are involved in SipA focus formation and host manipulation. The F1 domain (amino acids 170-271) drives SipA focus formation and domain F2 (amino acids 280-394) enhances this process by mediating SipA-SipA interactions. SipA variants lacking the F1-, the F2- or the actin binding domain were attenuated in virulence assays, namely host cell invasion and/or virulence in a mouse model for enterocolitis. Our results show that the newly identified SipA domains have distinct functions. Nevertheless, cooperation between the SipA domains F1, F2 and ABD is required to promote Salmonella virulence.
The five-minute rule ten years later, and other computer storage rules of thumb (1997)

Simple economic and performance arguments suggest appropriate lifetimes for main memory pages and suggest optimal page sizes. The fundamental tradeoffs are the prices and bandwidths of RAMs and disks. The analysis indicates that with today's technology, five minutes is a good lifetime for randomly accessed pages, one minute is a good lifetime for two-pass sequentially accessed pages, and 16 KB is a good size for index pages. These rules-of-thumb change in predictable ways as technology ratios change. They also motivate the importance of the new Kaps, Maps, Scans , and $/Kaps, $/Maps, $/TBscan metrics.
Measuring compliance with inhaled medication in asthma. (1992)

Using an electronic inhaler timer device (Nebulizer Chronolog), compliance with the prescribed frequency of inhaled prophylactic medication in 14 asthmatic children was measured. Underuse occurred in 55% of study days while overuse occurred in only 2%. Such devices provide an important new tool for investigating inhaled drug compliance.
Bayesian Statistics and Marketing (2003)

Bayesian methods have become widespread in marketing literature. We review the essence of the Bayesian approach and explain why it is particularly useful for marketing problems. While the appeal of the Bayesian approach has long been noted by researchers, recent developments in computational methods and expanded availability of detailed marketplace data has fueled the growth in application of Bayesian methods in marketing. We emphasize the modularity and flexibility of modern Bayesian approaches. The usefulness of Bayesian methods in situations in which there is limited information about a large number of units or where the information comes from different sources is noted. We include an extensive discussion of open issues and directions for future research.
Inactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus Clinical Isolates by Using a Combination Microbicide (2006)

A combination microbicide using the lipid-ether 1-0-octyl-sn-glycerol (OG) (3 mM) and peptide LSA5 (9 microM) synergistically inactivated six clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) by 30- to 100-fold and five of six HSV-1 isolates by 10-fold more than the sum of OG and LSA5 used individually within 30 min. OG plus LSA5 inactivated all HSV clinical isolates by > or = 1,000-fold in 10 to 40 min.
Ultra high speed 1K-bit RAM with 7.5 ns access time (1977)

A 1024-BIT ECL RAM with typical address access time of 7.5 ns, faster than previously-reported RAMs will be discussed. Write cycle time of 10 11s and write-enable pulsewidth of 3.5 ns are also possible. The memory consists of four blocks of each 256 words x 1 bit, which can be independently selected by four block select terminals, and therefore, may be used as either a 256 words x 4 bits or a 1024 words x 1 bit device
OpenFlow and GMPLS Unified Control Planes: Testbed Implementation and Comparative Study (2015)

Finding an effective and simple unified control plane (UCP) for IP/dense wavelength division multiplexing multilayer optical networks is very important for network providers. Generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) has been in development for decades to control optical transport networks. However, it is extremely difficult to deploy in real operational products, as there is still much non-GMPLS-capable equipment. On the other hand, OpenFlow (OF), one of the most widely used software defined networking implementations, can be used as a UCP for packet and circuit switched networks [“Packet and circuit network convergence with OpenFlow,” in OFC/NFOEC, Mar. 2010]. In this paper, we propose and experimentally evaluate two solutions using OF to control both packet and optical networks (OpenFlow Messages Mapping and OpenFlow Extension). The overall feasibility of these solutions is assessed, and their performance is evaluated and compared with the GMPLS approach, using a custom-built simulator. Simulation results show that the OpenFlow Extension solution outperforms the OpenFlow Messages Mapping and GMPLS solutions.
Effective treatment with combination of peripheral 5‐hydroxytryptamine synthetic inhibitor and 5‐hydroxytryptamine 2 receptor antagonist on glucocorticoid‐induced whole‐body insulin resistance with hyperglycemia (2016)

Inhibitions of both peripheral 5-HT synthesis and 5-HT<sub>2</sub> R are expected to be a dependable target for treatment of steroid-induced diabetes.
Disentangling Structure and Aesthetics for Style-Aware Image Completion (2018)

Content-aware image completion or in-painting is a fundamental tool for the correction of defects or removal of objects in images. We propose a non-parametric in-painting algorithm that enforces both structural and aesthetic (style) consistency within the resulting image. Our contributions are two-fold: (1) we explicitly disentangle image structure and style during patch search and selection to ensure a visually consistent look and feel within the target image. (2) we perform adaptive stylization of patches to conform the aesthetics of selected patches to the target image, so harmonizing the integration of selected patches into the final composition. We show that explicit consideration of visual style during in-painting delivers excellent qualitative and quantitative results across the varied image styles and content, over the Places2 scene photographic dataset and a challenging new in-painting dataset of artwork derived from BAM!
goProbe: a scalable distributed network monitoring solution (2015)

The Internet has developed into the primary means of communication, while ensuring availability and stability is becoming an increasingly challenging task. Traffic monitoring enables network operators to comprehend the composition of traffic flowing through individual corporate and private networks, making it essential for planning, reporting and debugging purposes. Classical packet capture and aggregation concepts (e.g. NetFlow) typically rely on centralized collection of traffic metadata. With the proliferation of network enabled devices and the resulting increase in data volume, such approaches suffer from scalability issues, often prohibiting the transfer of raw metadata as such. This paper describes a decentralized approach, eliminating the need for a central collector and storing local views of network traffic patterns on the respective devices performing the capture. In order to allow for the analysis of captured data, queries formulated by analysts are distributed across all devices. Processing takes place in a parallelized fashion on the respective local data. Consequently, instead of continually transferring raw metadata, significantly smaller aggregate results are sent to a central location which are then combined into the requested final result. The proposed system describes a lightweight and scalable monitoring solution, enabling the efficient use of available system resources on the distributed devices, hence allowing for high performance, real-time traffic analysis on a global scale. The solution was implemented and deployed globally on hosts managed and maintained by a large managed network security services provider.
Convenient Synthesis of 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2<i>H</i>)-ones by Cyclization Reaction of Acyl Azide (2000)

1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one was synthesized by treatment of 2-mercaptobenzoic acid with diphenyl phosphoryl azide, followed by cyclization of the resulting acyl azide at low temperature, where Curtius rearrangement did not occur. 5-Amino-1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one was similarly synthesized in one pot from 4-mercaptoisophthalic acid
A highly efficient directional cDNA cloning method utilizing an asymmetrically tailed linker-primer plasmid (1991)

A new procedure using an asymmetrically tailed linker-primer plasmid has been developed to prepare extremely high complexity cDNA libraries. This procedure yields plasmid primed libraries with a final form equivalent to those made by the procedure of Okayama and Berg. However, the number of steps involved in library preparation is decreased. The form of the vector is such that one end of the linearized linker-primer plasmid has a 3' terminal extension of 40 deoxythymidylate residues (the dT end). The other end has a 3' terminal extension of 10 deoxycytidylate residues (the dC end). The dC end of the plasmid is blocked to further 3' extension by a 3' phosphate group. This configuration enables one to prime first strand cDNA synthesis at the dT end, tail the 3' end of the cDNA with deoxyguanylate residues without tailing the dC end (due to the 3' phosphate block). The plasmid primed cDNA can then be self-annealed and the 3' phosphate blocking group removed during the synthesis of double stranded cDNA. The efficiency of this procedure is significantly higher than other methods (including phage based libraries): linker-primer libraries have 15 to 900-fold higher complexity than libraries prepared by other methods. A cloning efficiency of 9 x 10(8) colonies per microgram of linker-primer DNA was achieved. This method should be useful for the cloning of cDNAs corresponding to extremely rare mRNAs.
Beta Oscillatory Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus and Its Relation to Dopaminergic Response in Parkinson's Disease (2006)

Recent studies suggest that beta (15-30 Hz) oscillatory activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is dramatically increased in Parkinson's disease (PD) and may interfere with movement execution. Dopaminergic medications decrease beta activity and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the STN may alleviate PD symptoms by disrupting this oscillatory activity. Depth recordings from PD patients have demonstrated beta oscillatory neuronal and local field potential (LFP) activity in STN, although its prevalence and relationship to neuronal activity are unclear. In this study, we recorded both LFP and neuronal spike activity from the STN in 14 PD patients during functional neurosurgery. Of 200 single- and multiunit recordings 56 showed significant oscillatory activity at about 26 Hz and 89% of these were coherent with the simultaneously recorded LFP. The incidence of neuronal beta oscillatory activity was significantly higher in the dorsal STN (P = 0.01) and corresponds to the significantly increased LFP beta power recorded in the same region. Of particular interest was a significant positive correlation between the incidence of oscillatory neurons and the patient's benefit from dopaminergic medications, but not with baseline motor deficits off medication. These findings suggest that the degree of neuronal beta oscillatory activity is related to the magnitude of the response of the basal ganglia to dopaminergic agents rather than directly to the motor symptoms of PD. The study also suggests that LFP beta oscillatory activity is generated largely within the dorsal portion of the STN and can produce synchronous oscillatory activity of the local neuronal population.