gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of iodoacetate on the bone marrow immunocompetence of AKR mice. (1975)

Studies were conducted to determine whether the sulfhydryl inhibitor, sodium iodoacetate, administered to preleukemic AKR mice and to mature C3H mice altered the immunocompetence of their bone marrow. Parameters investigated included the splenic plaque-forming capacity directed to sheep erythrocytes of bone marrow transferred from iodoacetate-treated aanimals to irradiated syngeneic recipients and the mitogenic responsiveness of bone marrow cells from untreated and iodoacetate-treated preleukemic AKR mice to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. The administration of two 0.5-ml doses of 10 mM iodoacetate to preleukemic AKR mice and to C3H mice resulted in a significant increase in bone marrow immunocompetence. Irradiated mice given marrow transplants from iodoacetate-treated syngeneic donors exhibited greater numbers of plaque-forming cells directed against sheep erythrocytes than did recipients of marrow from control animals. This effect was abrogated when the donor marrow was previously treated in vitro with rabbit antimouse brain serum and the complement to remove thymus-derived lymphocytes. The mitogenic responsiveness of marrow cultures from iodoacetate-treated AKR mice to phytohemagglutinin was similar to that observed for control mice, while the response to concanavalin A was decreased. These findings suggest that the administration of iodoacetate potentiated the immunocompetence of bone marrow by affecting thymus-derived cells.
Genetic heterogeneity in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia. (1994)

A locus causing hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) has recently been mapped to 9q34 in four families and designated HHT1. In this paper, the results of a linkage study showing genetic heterogeneity in four families in whom HHT is segregating are reported. All the previously reported 9q34 linked families contain at least one affected member with a symptomatic pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. We postulate that clinical heterogeneity may also be a feature of HHT with a significantly higher predisposition to symptomatic PAVMs associated with the HHT1 linked families.
Distributed admission control in core-stateless networks (2004)

The scalability limitations of the stateful QoS architectures have led to the popularity of stateless architectures where per-flow states are maintained only at the edge routers. Like any QoS architecture, core-stateless architectures also require a corresponding admission control framework to ensure that a reservation request is granted only if the network has sufficient resources to support it. Admission control is a difficult problem in core-stateless QoS architectures, especially if we want to support guaranteed services. 
The existing admission control methods to support core-stateless services that require bandwidth guarantees, rely on a centralized broker node. This dissertation proposes and evaluates a novel admission control framework for such stateless QoS architectures. Our architecture is fully-distributed, guarantees that a request is admitted only if there is sufficient bandwidth to support it, and maintains a high network utilization in high bandwidth environments. In our architecture, the ingress edge router of a request takes admission decision for all links on its edge-to-edge path. To achieve a high utilization, we first establish the ideal state that any edge-router based distributed admission control method should attain. Then we design a novel protocol which tries to attain the ideal state while adapting to the dynamic traffic conditions. We also show how our resource management framework could be used with novel signaling techniques to design a light-weight admission control architecture for heterogeneous multicast. 
Another contribution of this dissertation is in defining the notion of e-fairness to reduce the overhead incurred attaining max-min fairness. The ideal resource management state depends on fair bandwidth partitioning. This allows us to use e-fairness to reduce the overhead incurred in the resource management portion of our admission control framework.
The Characterization of Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles: A Release Rate Study for Drug Delivery (2006)

Drug delivery methods for the treatment of brain tumor cells have been both inefficient and potentially dangerous for cancer patients. Drug delivery must be done in a controlled manner so that the effective amount of medication is delivered to the patient and ensure over-dosage does not cause adverse side reactions in the patient. The focus of this investigation is to design a drug delivery system that would allow for site-specific administration of the drug, protection of the drug from the surrounding environment, and controlled sustained release of the drug. We have proposed a model that incorporates a niosome, which is a non-ionic surfactant vesicle, within a biodegradable polymer hydrogel. The drug is encapsulated in the niosome, and the niosome is embedded within a three-dimensional hydrogel network. It is therefore critical that the release rate of the drug from the niosome be studied. This investigation provides information about the release rate and behavior of the drug within the niosome as it is placed in a semi-permeable membrane. The niosome and dye solution in the cellulose membrane are placed in contact with water or PBS. Intensity measurements are taken using fluorescence spectrometry, and the readings are converted to concentration and moles values. The release rates of the dye from of the niosome and across the membrane are studied as the concentration data is collected over time. The results indicate that most of the niosomes will release their dye within ten hours. The water will create instability in the niosomes, while the PBS solution will maintain the stability of the niosomes. The concentration that diffuses across the cellulose membrane will steadily increase and can be predicted well by a simple diffusion model. We hope to use the information provided in this study to continue to design a drug delivery method that will stabilize the niosomes and allow for the maximum control over the release rate of the drug.
Alleviation of ion suppression effect in sonic spray ionization with induced alternating current voltage (2014)

In this study, alleviation of ion suppression effect in sonic spray ionization mass spectrometry (SSI-MS) was investigated. Ion suppression effect was firstly compared between electrospray ionization (ESI) and conventional SSI, and more severe ion suppression effect was observed with SSI. Ion suppression effect of SSI was also found difficult to be alleviated by simply optimizing major parameters. Alternatively, we found that with the assistance of an alternating current (AC) voltage with low amplitude, the ion suppression effect was greatly alleviated (comparable with conventional ESI). That AC voltage was applied outside the SSI spray tip, and no direct contact between the electrode and spray solution was necessary. Besides the alleviation of the ion suppression effect, this newly-developed method, termed as induced electrosonic spray ionization (IESSI), appeared to preserve similar charge state distribution with SSI for protonated cytochrome c, hemoglobin, and bradykinin. IESSI could also obtain significantly improved ion intensities (~1000-fold over conventional SSI). In addition, tolerance of concentrated salts for IESSI-MS was investigated through the analysis of cytochrome c in the presence of concentrated sodium chloride (NaCl) or ammonium acetate (NH4 OAc).
Temporal Context Network for Activity Localization in Videos (2017)

We present a Temporal Context Network (TCN) for precise temporal localization of human activities. Similar to the Faster-RCNN architecture, proposals are placed at equal intervals in a video which span multiple temporal scales. We propose a novel representation for ranking these proposals. Since pooling features only inside a segment is not sufficient to predict activity boundaries, we construct a representation which explicitly captures context around a proposal for ranking it. For each temporal segment inside a proposal, features are uniformly sampled at a pair of scales and are input to a temporal convolutional neural network for classification. After ranking proposals, non-maximum suppression is applied and classification is performed to obtain final detections. TCN outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the ActivityNet dataset and the THUMOS14 dataset.
The sequence of the mouse 14 kDa <i>β</i>-galactoside-binding lectin and evidence for its synthesis on free cytoplasmic ribosomes (1989)

The partial amino acid sequence of the mouse 14 kDa beta-galactoside-binding lectin has been deduced from cDNA clones corresponding to 86% of the coding sequence and extending to the polyadenylation signal. The deduced amino acid sequence for the murine lectin shows 94% identity with the rat, 89% with human, 86% with bovine and 46% with the chicken 14 kDa lectins. A cDNA probe has been used to analyse genomic DNA and identify a single mRNA of approx. 570 bp in 3T3 fibroblasts, murine erythroleukaemia cells and the murine basement-membrane-secreting Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm tumour. Analysis of free and bound polyribosomes has shown that the lectin message is translated on free cytoplasmic ribosomes.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for perineal Crohn's disease (1999)

Perineal lesions are a frequent and troublesome complication of Crohn's disease. Although there are various surgical and medical therapeutic regimens available to treat these lesions, all have significant associated morbidity, mortality, and toxicity. Recently, the beneficial effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) have been described in patients with severe or refractory perineal disease, but the role of HBOT in larger groups or less severely affected patients has not yet been studied, nor has the minimum number of treatments required for initial or complete healing of perineal disease in this population been described. This article reviews the known and theoretical tissue effects of HBOT and discusses its potential role in treating patients with perineal Crohn's disease.
Zeeman splitting of double-donor spin-triplet levels in silicon (1988)

Observation of the Zeeman effect has confirmed the identification of spin-triplet terms for double donors in silicon. The isotropic splitting of an absorption line at 2146.38 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in Si:${\mathrm{Se}}^{0}$, and of the corresponding line at 1218.37 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ in Si:${\mathrm{Te}}^{0}$, into two \ensuremath{\sigma} components and one \ensuremath{\pi} component is consistent with their identification with the scrJ=1 spin-orbit level of the 1s(${A}_{1}$)1s(${T}_{2}$) configuration's $^{3}\mathrm{T}_{2}$ spin-triplet term. An experimental splitting factor ${g}_{\mathrm{scrJ}}$ of this line equal to 1.0 for both systems agrees with the theory of Land\'e g factors when the orbital g factor ${g}_{\mathrm{scrL}}$ equals zero as predicted by effective-mass theory. The spin-orbit interaction parameter determined from a nonlinear component in the Zeeman splitting predicts a ratio of singlet and triplet absorption strengths which agrees with the observed ratio to within a factor of 2 for Si:${\mathrm{Te}}^{0}$ but only to within a factor of 3 for Si:${\mathrm{Se}}^{0}$.
Pretrial and Error: The Use of Statements Inadmissible at Trial in Preliminary Proceedings (2020)

This Note argues that a “criminal case,” as provided by the Fifth Amendment, begins with the initiation of adversarial judicial criminal proceedings, whether that commencement occurs through a formal charge, a preliminary hearing, indictment, information, or arraignment. A broad understanding of the Fifth Amendment’s scope aligns with the Second, Seventh, Ninth and Tenth Circuits’ analysis. In particular, this Note endorses the in-depth analysis provided by the Tenth Circuit in its determination that a “criminal case” under the Fifth Amendment includes preliminary proceedings. This Note further offers an analysis of past Supreme Court precedent as well as policy rationales that support a more liberal understanding of “criminal case.”
Towards Libraries of Luminescent Lanthanide Complexes and Labels from Generic Synthons (2011)

A synthetic approach is developed to obtain families of luminescent lanthanide complexes and markers from a generic family of precursors built from nonadentate coordination sites. The syntheses of the precursors, based on a directed regioselective nucleophilic aromatic substitution on polyfluoropyridines, are described. Functionalisation of the synthons on the aromatic moieties allowed the introduction of labelling functions and/or the extension of the electronic delocalisation, with concomitant changes in the spectroscopic properties. The synthesis of two such families of ligands and of some of their complexes of Eu(III) and Tb(III) are described, and the photo-physical properties of the complexes were measured, revealing excellent luminescence quantum yields reaching unity in some cases. For some of these complexes, the emphasis was further put on the preparation of an N-hydroxylsuccinimide (NHS) ester as activated function for labelling. The Tb and La complexes in the NHS activated form were synthesized and fully characterized. The labelling was first demonstrated on amino functionalized polymer beads and characterized by time-resolved luminescence microscopy. In a second step, the activated Tb complex was used for the labelling of GFR44 monoclonal antibody, and was applied to the detection of carcinoembryonic antigene (CEA) within the frame of a time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Comparison with a commercially available kit based on a europium cryptate as energy donor confirms the efficiency of Tb to act as an energy donor with an unoptimised 35% increase of the detection efficiency.
Free Energy Surfaces from Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy (2005)

Single-molecule force spectroscopy has the potential to provide unprecedented insights into the mechanical properties of individual molecules. The unfolding of proteins and nucleic acids, the dissociation of molecular complexes, and other molecular transitions can be induced through mechanical forces exerted, for example, by laser optical tweezers or atomic force microscopes and monitored with subnanometer resolution. Can one obtain the equilibrium free energy of the molecular system along the pulling coordinate from such nonequilibrium force measurements? Jarzynski's remarkable identity does not immediately solve this problem because it relates the nonequilibrium work to free energy differences at different times, not positions. By surmounting this difficulty, we were able to express the free energy profile in terms of the integral of the force with respect to extension. Here we present the theory in a simple way and discuss various practical aspects in the context of pulling experiments. We illustrate our rigorous free energy reconstruction procedure by applying it to force-induced RNA unfolding experiments.
Rescue of arrested replication forks by homologous recombination (2001)

DNA synthesis is an accurate and very processive phenomenon; nevertheless, replication fork progression on chromosomes can be impeded by DNA lesions, DNA secondary structures, or DNA-bound proteins. Elements interfering with the progression of replication forks have been reported to induce rearrangements and/or render homologous recombination essential for viability, in all organisms from bacteria to human. Arrested replication forks may be the target of nucleases, thereby providing a substrate for double-strand break repair enzyme. For example in bacteria, direct fork breakage was proposed to occur at replication forks blocked by a bona fide replication terminator sequence, a specific site that arrests bacterial chromosome replication. Alternatively, an arrested replication fork may be transformed into a recombination substrate by reversal of the forked structures. In reversed forks, the last duplicated portions of the template strands reanneal, allowing the newly synthesized strands to pair. In bacteria, this reaction was proposed to occur in replication mutants, in which fork arrest is caused by a defect in a replication protein, and in UV irradiated cells. Recent studies suggest that it may also occur in eukaryote organisms. We will review here observations that link replication hindrance with DNA rearrangements and the possible underlying molecular processes.
Validation of a patient‐administered questionnaire to measure the severity and bothersomeness of lower urinary tract symptoms in uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI): the UTI Symptom Assessment questionnaire (2005)

The three-domain UTISA has excellent psychometric properties and it is likely to prove an excellent tool for assessing uUTI outcome from a patient's perspective, both in research and clinical settings.
Concentrated Solar Power Harvesting Using Self-powered, Wireless, Thin-profile, Lightweight Solar Tiles (2011)

This paper presents a modular and scalable approach to concentrated solar power (CSP) harvesting by using low-profile, light-weight, sun-tracking, millimeter-to-centimeter-scale mirror arrays that can be wirelessly controlled to reflect the incident solar energy to a central receiver. Conventional, utility-scale CSP plants use large-area heliostats, parabolic troughs, or dish collectors that are not only heavy and bulky, but also require significant labor for installation and maintenance infrastructure. Furthermore, form-factors of current heliostats are not compatible with low-profile roof-mountable systems, as seen by the dominance of the conventional Photovoltaic systems for roof-top installations. Solar TILE (STILE) technology to be presented in this work enables concentrated solar power harvesting on a given surface with form factor and weight per unit area comparable to those of ceramic tiles used on walls/floors or that of Photovoltaic modules. Self-powered operation by integrated solar cells, elimination of wiring for power transfer, wireless control, and weather-proof enclosure of moving parts help STILE technology promise lower installation and maintenance costs than PV approaches, while enabling novel beam-redirection applications over large surfaces. As the STILEs are made of mostly plastic, which costs at least an order of magnitude less than solar grade silicon, associated material costs could potentially be much cheaper than silicon PV cells. After a description of the STILE technology and a discussion of mirror scaling, we present a prototype tile with dimensions 33 × 33 × 6.4 cm3 and detail its wireless operation.
Application of the Rietveld Refinement Procedure in Assaying Powdered Mixtures (1988)

Abstract Results are given of an assessment of a Rietveld-type X-ray powder diffraction pattern fitting structure refinement technique for assaying powdered mixtures as an alternative to conventional discrete peak empirical methods of the type described by Klug and Alexander (1974) and Chung (1974). The values obtained for a mixture of corundum and α -quartz, following calibration of the instrument with a profile of the former, indicate that this technique has excellent potential as an analytical tool.
Retinex-Based Perceptual Contrast Enhancement in Images Using Luminance Adaptation (2018)

In this paper, we propose retinex-based perceptual contrast enhancement in images using luminance adaptation. Strong illumination causes the loss of local details in an image. We adopt luminance adaptation and multi-scale retinex (MSR) to successfully remove the illumination effect in an image while enhancing details. First, we estimate the illumination component in an image by adaptive smoothing and get luminance just-noticeable difference (JND) from it using luminance adaptation. Then, we calculate an illumination weakening factor from luminance JND and conduct MSR based on it to enhance details. Finally, we perform contrast enhancement using adaptive gamma correction with weighted distribution. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully enhances details in an image while preventing over and under enhancement as well as outperforms state of the arts in terms of various quantitative measurements.
Effects of Methylobacterium spp. strains on rice Oryza sativa L. callus induction, plantlet regeneration, and seedlings growth<i>in vitro</i><sup>1</sup> (2005)

Maliti, C. M. (Department of Biology & Med. Lab. Technology, Bronx Comm. College, CUNY, University Avenue & West 181 Street, Bronx, NY 10453), D. V. Basile (Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, CUNY, Bronx, NY 10468), and W. A. Corpe (Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027). Effects of methylobacterium spp. strains on rice Oryza sativa callus induction, plantlet regeneration and seedlings growth in vitro. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 132: 355–367. 2005.—Leaf surfaces of higher plants are colonized by diverse microorganisms. In the present study we report the isolation two strains of pink-pigmented methylotrophic bacteria (PPFM) designated Q4 & Q5. Both strains significantly stimulated growth and development of two rice cultivars, Japonica cv. CR76 and Indica cv. A301, cultured axenically on MS or B5 medium. Co-incubation of strains Q4 and Q5 with embryo-derived rice calli on B5 medium-devoid of exogenous phytohormones resulted in continued callus growth but inhibited plantlet regeneration. These results mimicked those produced by B5 medium supplemented with auxin and cytokinin. Co-culture of Q4 & Q5 as cobionts with 5 day old Japonica and Indica seedlings resulted in a significant (P ≤ 0.05) stimulation of four growth parameters; root development, stem growth, leaf development and biomass productivity, measured in 9 day growth period. The results of the in vitro experiments indicate that strain Q4 and /or Q5 inhabiting rice plant surfaces under cultivation could significantly stimulate the plants growth and development.
Pexiganan‐incorporated collagen matrices for infected wound‐healing processes in rat (2005)

The use of peptide-based drugs is limited by their rapid degradability and toxicity at high concentration during their therapeutic application. These problems could be managed by the use of a peptide delivery agent for sustained release in the site of action. Collagen is one of the most proven biomaterials of good biocompatibility with an exceptional ligand encapsulating property. In this work, we have shown that pexiganan, an antimicrobial, 22-amino-acid peptide could be incorporated and delivered to the wound-healing site against bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The release profiles of pexiganan collagen films with different collagen concentration were studied. The release of pexiganan from 2.5% w/w of collagen film showed a sustainable activity over 72 h with effective antimicrobial concentrations. Pexiganan-incorporated collagen (PIC)-treated groups were compared with open wound (OW)- and collagen film (CF)-treated rats. PIC-treated animals showed a diminishing level of bacterial growth as compared with OW- and CF-treated animals. The biochemical parameters such as hydroxyproline, protein, DNA, uronic acid, hexosamine, SOD, and catalase content in the granulation tissue of the healing wound revealed increased proliferation of cells involved in tissue reconstruction in PIC-treated groups when compared with OW- and CF-treated groups. Furthermore, spectroscopic studies suggested that collagen structure is not perturbed by pexiganan incorporation. This study provides rationale for application of collagen membrane for antimicrobial peptide delivery in infected wounds.