gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimal all-to-all personalized exchange in self-routable multistage networks (2000)

All-to-all personalized exchange is one of the most dense collective communication patterns and occurs in many important applications in parallel computing. Previous all-to-all personalized exchange algorithms were mainly developed for hypercube and mesh/torus networks. Although the algorithms for a hypercube may achieve optimal time complexity, the network suffers from unbounded node degrees and thus has poor scalability in terms of I/O port limitation in a processor. On the other hand, a mesh/torus has a constant node degree and better scalability in this aspect, but the all-to-all personalized exchange algorithms have higher time complexity. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to efficient all-to-all personalized exchange by considering another important type of networks, multistage networks, for parallel computing systems. We present a new all-to-all personalized exchange algorithm for a class of unique-path, self-routable multistage networks. We first develop a generic method for decomposing all-to-all personalized exchange patterns into some permutations which are realizable in these networks, and then present a new all-to-all personalized exchange algorithm based on this method. The newly proposed algorithm has O(n) time complexity for an n/spl times/n network, which is optimal for all-to-all personalized exchange. By taking advantage of fast switch setting of self-routable switches and the property of a single input/output port per processor in a multistage network, we believe that a multistage network could be a better choice for implementing all-to-all personalized exchange due to its shorter communication latency and better scalability.
The European Union provides funding to strengthen the protection against zoonoses and animal diseases (2011)

Preview this article: The European Union provides funding to strengthen the protection against zoonoses and animal diseases, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/16/46/art20019-en-1.gif
Adaptive recursive least‐squares maximum‐likelihood sequence estimation with higher‐order state variable model of radio channels—adaptive performance improvement of rls‐mlse (1993)

Abstract Superior tracking performance for fast fading mobile radio channels is obtained by extending channel models used in the adaptive recursive least squares maximum likelihood sequence estimation (RLS‐MLSE) derived from the theory of maximum likelihood signal estimation. Conventional adaptive maximum likelihood sequence estimators used the simple Markov model or random walk model to describe fluctuations of the impulse response of a frequency‐selective fading channel. In this paper, a second‐order Markov model that incorporates the first‐order time derivative of the impulse response is used. This higher‐order state variable approach improves the adaptability of the channel estimation algorithm and gives a significant improvement in signal transmission performance. Computer simulations show that the RLS‐MLSE based on this higher‐order state variable model yields good performance of 40 kbit/s QPSK with the maximum Doppler frequency up to 160 Hz.
[P1–056]: POPULATION PHARMACOKINETIC‐PHARMACODYNAMIC (PK/PD) MODELING OF E2027, A SELECTIVE PHOSPHODIESTERASE‐9 (PDE9) INHIBITOR, FOLLOWING SINGLE ASCENDING ORAL DOSES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS (2017)

To develop a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PPK/PD) model for E2027, a selective PDE9 inhibitor, following single ascending oral doses in healthy volunteers (HV), which will be used to drive dose selection in subsequent studies. Plasma concentration-time data of E2027, from a 4-part randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose, Phase 1 study in HV, were subjected to population PK analysis by nonlinear mixed effect modeling. The effects of various baseline, demographic characteristics and dose on PK were evaluated. Post-hoc estimates of final PPK parameters were used in subsequent development of a population PK/PD (PPK/PD) model to describe the changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cGMP concentrations over time. The final PK and PPK/PD models were used to predict E2027 steady-state exposures and percent increase in CSF cGMP from baseline following multiple oral doses. The PK of E2027 was best described by a 2 compartment model with two input functions with five transit compartments, and first-order elimination. All parameters were estimated with good precision (CV% <10%). Weight, gender, and dose (>200 mg) significantly affected the PK of E2027. Percent CSF cGMP changes from baseline were best described by a sigmoidal inhibitory Emax model on kout, with IC50 of 118 ng/mL, and Imax of 0.813. Although, the PPK and PPK/PD models are being updated with PK and PD data from multiple ascending dose studies, simulations using the currently developed PPK/PD model suggest that once-daily E2027 dosed at, or above 100 mg should maintain cGMP at a 3-fold increase from baseline. A PPK/PD model for E2027 was successfully developed. This model supports selection of once daily doses for proof of concept studies, demonstrating target engagement that provides adequate CSF cGMP level elevations.
Calcium-Dependent and -Independent Interfacial Binding and Catalysis of Cytosolic Group IV Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (1998)

Cytosolic group IV phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) plays a role in liberating arachidonic acid from the sn-2 position of mammalian cellular phospholipids. The enzyme consists of a catalytic domain joined to an N-terminal calcium-dependent, membrane binding domain (C2 domain). The interfacial binding properties of the full-length, nonphosphorylated enzyme and its C2 domain to phospholipid vesicles were studied as a function of vesicle phospholipid composition and calcium concentration. The binding of cPLA2 to phosphatidylcholine vesicles is mostly governed by its C2 domain; binding is relatively weak, and calcium enhances binding and interfacial catalysis by about 10-fold. Catalytically productive interfacial binding was measured by monitoring the increase in the rate of cPLA2-catalyzed hydrolysis of a fluorimetric substrate present in vesicles as a function of bulk vesicle concentration. Enzyme-vesicle binding was also measured by fluorescence as was enzyme-calcium binding. Compared to zwitterionic vesicles, cPLA2 binding to anionic phosphatidylmethanol vesicles is of higher affinity and calcium-independent, although calcium is required for the binding of the C2 domain to these anionic vesicles. cPLA2 is fully catalytically active on phosphatidylmethanol vesicles in the absence of calcium. Phosphatidylserine is not a good replacement for phosphatidylmethanol for inducing high-affinity, calcium-independent binding of cPLA2. These results reveal two modes of catalytically productive interfacial binding of cPLA2: calcium-dependent anchoring via the C2 domain and a calcium-independent component involving a phosphatidylmethanol recognition element in the catalytic domain. They also show that membrane binding of cPLA2 is not, in general, predicted by the interfacial binding properties of its C2 domain.
<i>Sox9</i>expression marks a subset of CD24-expressing small intestine epithelial stem cells that form organoids in vitro (2010)

The inability to identify, isolate, and culture intestinal epithelial stem cells (IESCs) has been prohibitive to the study and therapeutic utilization of these cells. Using a Sox9(EGFP) mouse model, we demonstrate that Sox9(EGFP) fluorescence signatures can be used to differentiate between and enrich for progenitors (Sox9(EGFPsubLo)) and multipotent IESCs (Sox9(EGFPlo)). Sox9(EGFPlo) cells generate "organoids" in a recently defined culture system that mimics the native IESC niche. These organoids possess all four differentiated cell types of the small intestine epithelium, demonstrating the multipotent capacity of Sox9(EGFPlo) cells. Our results are consistent with the previously reported observation that single IESCs generate cryptlike units without a detectable mesenchymal cell component. A prospective search revealed that CD24 is expressed in the Sox9(EGFPlo) population and marks IESCs that form organoids in culture. CD24 represents the first cell surface marker that facilitates fluorescence-activated cell sorting enrichment of IESCs with widely available antibodies without requiring a specialized fluorescent reporter gene mouse model.
SecB is a bona fide generalized chaperone in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2004)

It is known that the DnaK and Trigger Factor (TF) chaperones cooperate in the folding of newly synthesized cytosolic proteins in Escherichia coli. We recently showed that despite a very narrow temperature range of growth and high levels of aggregated cytosolic proteins, E. coli can tolerate deletion of both chaperones, suggesting that other chaperones might be involved in this process. Here, we show that the secretion-dedicated chaperone SecB efficiently suppresses both the temperature sensitivity and the aggregation-prone phenotypes of a strain lacking both TF and DnaK. SecB suppression is independent of a productive interaction with the SecA subunit of the translocon. Furthermore, in vitro cross-linking experiments demonstrate that SecB can interact both co- and posttranslationally with short nascent chains of both secretory and cytosolic proteins. Finally, we show that such cotranslational substrate recognition by SecB is greatly suppressed in the presence of ribosome-bound TF, but not by DnaK. Taken together, our data demonstrate that SecB acts as a bona fide generalized chaperone.
Developments streamer tail positioning (1991)

An ever increasing degree of accuracy is required in positioning for 3D marine seismic surveys. Accuracy between the vessel and the streamer tail is significantly impaired when the only means of positioning are compasses placed along the streamer. This problem has been partially solved by the use of radiopositioned (Syledis) tail buoys. However, there remains some uncertainty as to the position of the streamer tail because the end of the streamer is connected to the tail buoy by a tail rope of significant length (to prevent noise on the hydrophones) and for which the bearing is unknown (owing to currents different from those affecting the streamer).
Impact of myo-inositol treatment in women with polycystic ovary syndrome in assisted reproductive technologies (2021)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is marked in 30 to 40% by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Myo-inositol (MI) increases insulin sensitivity, decreases hyperandrogenism and improves the menstrual cycle. Its effect during assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has been studied by many authors. We conducted a review of the literature on the impact of MI administration in PCOS women in assisted reproductive technologies. Myo-inositol is effective in normalizing ovarian function, improving oocyte and embryo quality in PCOS, however further evaluations by large multicentre randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in ART.
Theoretical study of link adaptation algorithms for adaptive modulation in wireless mobile communication systems (2002)

Adaptive modulation with varying data rate is an attractive scheme to increase the transmission data rate for mobile radio communications. The radio link adaptation (LA) algorithm is an important issue for such a system; however a theoretical analysis of LA algorithms has not previously been carried out. This paper presents a performance analysis of the LA algorithms for slow fading mobile radio channels. The LA algorithms based on the received signal level are studied; the expression of the radio link outage probability and transmission data rate are derived. The simulations were performed in the GSM communication environment, which gave identical results to the theoretical analysis. The results can be used to determine suitable LA algorithms for adaptive modulation under different conditions.
The Parable of Google Flu: Traps in Big Data Analysis (2014)

Large errors in flu prediction were largely avoidable, which offers lessons for the use of big data.
Richard III ( Rickard III ), presented by the Royal Dramatic Theatre, Stockholm, 29 May 2014 (2015)

Theatre review
Exploration of Piperidinols as Potential Antitubercular Agents (2014)

Novel drugs to treat tuberculosis are required and the identification of potential targets is important. Piperidinols have been identified as potential antimycobacterial agents (MIC < 5 μg/mL), which also inhibit mycobacterial arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT), an enzyme essential for mycobacterial survival inside macrophages. The NAT inhibition involves a prodrug-like mechanism in which activation leads to the formation of bioactive phenyl vinyl ketone (PVK). The PVK fragment selectively forms an adduct with the cysteine residue in the active site. Time dependent inhibition of the NAT enzyme from Mycobacterium marinum (M. marinum) demonstrates a covalent binding mechanism for all inhibitory piperidinol analogues. The structure activity relationship highlights the importance of halide substitution on the piperidinol benzene ring. The structures of the NAT enzymes from M. marinum and M. tuberculosis, although 74% identical, have different residues in their active site clefts and allow the effects of amino acid substitutions to be assessed in understanding inhibitory potency. In addition, we have used the piperidinol 3-dimensional shape and electrostatic properties to identify two additional distinct chemical scaffolds as inhibitors of NAT. While one of the scaffolds has anti-tubercular activity, both inhibit NAT but through a non-covalent mechanism.
Modelling of Oil-filled Transformer (2009)

The small and the middle surface proteins of hepatitis virus form either the virion or the 22 nm particle both of which are secreted. The large surface protein by itself remains cell bound in artificially transfected cell culture unless it is accompanied by an excess of the smaller protens. Its behavior in vivo is not yet well studied. Using specific monoclonal antibodies for immunoblotting, we found an abundance of small surface protein in the serum of chronic virus carriers and moderate amounts in the liver irrespective of viremia. The large surface protein was present in the serum and the liver of viremic carriers. In nonviremic carriers, the large protein was absent from serum, but in the liver a shorter form of the large protein was readily detectable. These findings suggest a complex regulatory mechanism of the viral surface protein depending on the expression of other viral gene products.
Visible/long-wave infrared dichroic beamsplitter (2005)

Visible/long-wave infrared (LWIR) beamsplitter optical elements are designed, fabricated, and tested to enable implementation of a single common-aperture dual-spectral-mode imaging sensor system. The coating design is compatible with both germanium and low-cost electronic-grade silicon wafer substrates. Multispectral transmission and reflection efficiencies averaging over 90% are measured over both the visible to near IR (NIR) and the LWIR spectral regions, in agreement with theoretical models. The coating design uses commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) coating materials known to exhibit excellent mechanical and environmental stability for performance reliability and extended operational lifetime.
Energy harvesting cycles based on electro active polymers (2010)

Energy harvesting using dielectric elastomers is an interesting possibility to convert ambient energy into electric energy. Different small scale prototypes of energy harvesting devices, like SRIs wind- and wave-power generators have been developed so far. Nevertheless, the theoretical limits and practical implementation still have to be considered. The contribution of this paper is related to the calculation of the achievable energy gain. Different harvesting cycles are investigated theoretically and compared to each other. Based on the derived equations, several design rules for the material development are quoted. To analyze the various properties of dielectric elastomer generators an electromechanical test bench is realized. The design of an appropriate HV power electronics for energy harvesting devices is presented in the last section.
Electroluminescence of Perylene Films with a Conducting Polymer as an Anode (1986)

We have investigated the electroluminescence (EL) of perylene films having different combinations of electrodes. Excellent hole injection current was obtained in the EL cell with a poly(3-methylthiophene) film as an anode. The threshold voltage for the EL remarkably decreased in the same cell.
Bacterial production of polyesters bearing phenoxy groups in the side chains, 1. Poly(3‐hydroxy‐5‐phenoxypentanoate‐<i>co</i>‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐phenoxynonanoate) from <i>Pseudomonas oleovorans</i> (1994)

Abstract The production of phenoxy‐substituted poly(3‐hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) by Pseudomonas oleovorans was investigated. 11‐Phenoxyundecanoic acid was used as a single carbon source for the bacterial culture. At the maximum growth rate of the culture, the cells were isolated by centrifugation. The cells were lyophylized and then extracted with trichloromethane, yielding a comb‐like copolyester. Methanolysis of this polyester was performed to characterize the incorporated hydroxyacids. This proved the polyester to be a copolymer: poly(3‐hydroxy‐5‐phenoxypentanoate‐ co ‐3‐hydroxy‐9‐phenoxynonanoate) ( 5 ; 6:1 mole ratio). GPC measurements with polystyrene as standard indicated M n values of approximately 76 000 and a molecular weight distribution index of M w / M n = 2,3. The copolyester showed a glass transition at 14°C.
Mapping of Transrectal Ultrasonographic Prostate Biopsies (2009)

In addition to being a useful tool to improve the distribution of prostate biopsies, the potential of this system is above all the preparation of a detailed "map" of each patient showing biopsy zones without substantial changes in routine clinical practices.
Proteomic analysis of human follicular fluid from fertile women (2015)

This database of FF proteins significantly extends the known protein components present during the peri-ovulatory period and provides a useful basis for future studies comparing follicular fluid proteomes in various fertility, disease, and environmental exposure conditions. We identified 17 differentially expressed proteins after hCG treatment and together these data showed the feasibility for defining biomarkers that illuminate how the ovarian follicle microenvironment is altered in various infertility-related conditions.
Enhanced Photodynamic Efficiency Achieved via a Dual-Targeted Strategy Based on Photosensitizer/Micelle Structure (2014)

The applications of photodynamic therapy (PDT) are usually limited by photosensitizer's side effect and the singlet oxygen's short half-life. Herein, we demonstrate a dual-targeting (both cellular and subcellular targeting) strategy to enhance the PDT efficacy. A cationic porphyrin derivative (MitoTPP) was synthesized as the mitochondrion-targeting photosensitizer, and the dual-targeting PDT system was then fabricated by encapsulating MitoTPP into the acid-responsive and folic acid (FA)-modified polymer micelles. Under acidic pH, the micelles swell as a result of protonation of tertiary amines and disruption of the nucleobase pairing, thereby causing the release of the photosensitizer. Confocal microscope observation shows that the dual-targeting and micelle-based PDT system can preferably enter folate receptor (FR)-positive cancer cells, and upon cellular internalization, the MitoTPP molecules are released from the micelles and selectively accumulate in mitochondria. Under light irradiation, the singlet oxygen generated by the photosensitizer causes the oxidant damage to the mitochondrial and subsequently the apoptosis of the cells, as evidenced by the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Cell viability assays indicate that dual-targeting micelle-based systems exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity toward FR-positive cells. This study may provide a new approach for effectively enhancing the action of PDT systems.
Nonclinical Safety Biomarkers of Drug-induced Vascular Injury (2014)

Better biomarkers are needed to identify, characterize, and/or monitor drug-induced vascular injury (DIVI) in nonclinical species and patients. The Predictive Safety Testing Consortium (PSTC), a precompetitive collaboration of pharmaceutical companies and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), formed the Vascular Injury Working Group (VIWG) to develop and qualify translatable biomarkers of DIVI. The VIWG focused its research on acute DIVI because early detection for clinical and nonclinical safety monitoring is desirable. The VIWG developed a strategy based on the premise that biomarkers of DIVI in rat would be translatable to humans due to the morphologic similarity of vascular injury between species regardless of mechanism. The histomorphologic lexicon for DIVI in rat defines degenerative and adaptive findings of the vascular endothelium and smooth muscles, and characterizes inflammatory components. We describe the mechanisms of these changes and their associations with candidate biomarkers for which advanced analytical method validation was completed. Further development is recommended for circulating microRNAs, endothelial microparticles, and imaging techniques. Recommendations for sample collection and processing, analytical methods, and confirmation of target localization using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization are described. The methods described are anticipated to aid in the identification and qualification of translational biomarkers for DIVI.
Mannosylated Niosomes as Adjuvant-Carrier System for Oral Mucosal Immunization (2006)

The aim of the present study was to develop mannosylated niosomes as oral vaccine delivery carrier and adjuvant for the induction of humoral, cellular, and mucosal immunity. Tetanus toxoid (TT) loaded niosomes composed of sorbiton monostearate (Span 60), cholesterol, and stearylamine were prepared by the reverse-phase evaporation method. They were coated with a modified polysaccharide o-palmitoyl mannan (OPM) to protect them from bile salts caused dissolution and enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract and to enhance their affinity toward the antigen presenting cells of Peyer's patches. Prepared niosomes were characterized in vitro for their size, shape, entrapment efficiency, ligand binding specificity, and stability in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid. OPM-coated niosomes were found to more stable in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The immune stimulating activity was studied by measuring serum IgG titer, IgG2a/IgG1 ratio in serum, and sIgA levels in intestinal and salivary secretions following oral administration of niosomal formulations in albino rats. The results were compared with alum-adsorbed TT following oral and intramuscular administration, and it was observed that OPM-coated niosomes produced better IgG levels as compared to plain uncoated niosomes and alum-adsorbed TT upon oral administration. Oral niosomes also elicited a significant mucosal immune response (sIgA levels in mucosal secretions). The developed formulations also elicited a combined serum IgG2a/IgG1 response, suggesting that they were capable of eliciting both humoral and cellular response. The study signifies the potential of OPM-coated niosomes as an oral vaccine delivery carrier and adjuvant. The proposed system is simple, stable, and cost-effective and may be clinically acceptable.