gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Data Structures in Adversarial Environments (2019)

Probabilistic data structures use space-efficient representations of data in order to (approximately) respond to queries about the data. Traditionally, these structures are accompanied by probabilistic bounds on query-response errors. These bounds implicitly assume benign attack models, in which the data and the queries are inputs are chosen non-adaptively, and independent of the randomness used to construct the representation. Yet probabilistic data structures are increasingly used in settings where these assumptions may be violated. This work provides a provable security treatment of probabilistic data structures in adversarial environments. We give a syntax that captures a wide variety of in-use structures, and our security notions support development of error bounds in the presence of powerful attacks. Concretely, we primarily focus on examining the widely used Bloom filter, but also consider counting (Bloom) filters and count-min sketch data structures. For the traditional version of these, our security findings are largely negative; however, we show that simple embellishments (e.g., using salts, or secret keys) yields structures that provide provable security, and with little overhead.
Dihydropyridine, I. Synthese von 6‐Alkoxy‐2‐amino‐4,5‐dihydropyridin‐3,5‐dicarbonsäureestern (1976)

Abstract Die Kondensation der aliphatischen und aromatischen Aldehyde 1 mit den 3‐Alkoxy‐3‐aminoacrylsäureestern 5a führt zu den 6‐Alkoxy‐2‐amino‐4,5‐dihydropyridin‐3,5‐dicarbon‐säureestern 8, deren spektroskopische Daten diskutiert werden.
Building an Infrastructure for Urgent Computing. (2006)

Large-scale scientific computing is playing an ever-increasing role in critical decision-making and dynamic, event-driven systems. While some computation can simply wait in a job queue until resources become available, key decisions concerning life-threatening situations must be made quickly. A computation to predict the flow of airborne contaminants from a ruptured railcar must guide evacuation rapidly, before the results are meaningless. Although not as urgent, on-demand computing is often required to leverage a scientific opportunity. For example, a burst of data from seismometers could trigger urgent computation that then redirects instruments to focus data collection on specific regions, before the opportunity is lost. This paper describes the challenges of building an infrastructure to support urgent computing. We focus on three areas: the needs and requirements of an urgent computing system, a prototype urgent computing system called SPRUCE currently deployed on the TeraGrid, and future technologies and directions for urgent computing. Since the days of the first supercomputers, computation has been playing an everincreasing role in science.
Improved Discrimination in Optical Character Recognition (1969)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text H. J. Caulfield and W. T. Maloney, "Improved Discrimination in Optical Character Recognition," Appl. Opt. 8, 2354-2356 (1969) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Synergistic binding of the Vibrio fischeri LuxR transcriptional activator domain and RNA polymerase to the lux promoter region. (1994)

LuxR, the Vibrio fischeri luminescence gene (lux) activator, is the best-studied member of a family of bacterial transcription factors required for cell density-dependent expression of specific genes involved in associations with eukaryotic hosts. Neither LuxR nor any other LuxR homolog has been shown to bind DNA directly. We have purified the LuxR C-terminal transcriptional activator domain from extracts of recombinant Escherichia coli in which this polypeptide was expressed. The purified polypeptide by itself binds to lux regulatory DNA upstream of the lux box, a 20-bp palindrome that is required for LuxR activity in vivo, but it does not bind to the lux box. However, the LuxR C-terminal domain together with RNA polymerase protects a region including the lux box and the lux operon promoter from DNase I cleavage. There is very little protection of the lux operon promoter region from DNase I digestion in the presence of RNA polymerase alone. Apparently, there is a synergistic binding of the LuxR C-terminal domain and RNA polymerase to the promoter region. The upstream binding region for the purified polypeptide encompasses a binding site for cAMP receptor protein (CRP). Under some conditions, CRP binding can block the binding of the LuxR C-terminal domain to the upstream binding region, and it can also block the synergistic binding of the LuxR C-terminal domain and RNA polymerase to the lux box and luminescence gene promoter region. This description of DNA binding by the LuxR C-terminal domain should lead to an understanding of the molecular interactions of the LuxR family of transcriptional activators with regulatory DNA.
Stochastic event counter for discrete-event systems under unreliable observations (2008)

This paper addresses the issues of counting the occurrence of special events in the framework of partially- observed discrete-event dynamical systems (DEDS). First, we develop a noble recursive procedure that updates active counter information state sequentially with available observations. In general, the cardinality of active counter information state is unbounded, which makes the exact recursion infeasible computationally. To overcome this difficulty, we develop an approximated recursive procedure that regulates and bounds the size of active counter information state. Using the approximated active counting information state, we give an approximated minimum mean square error (MMSE) counter. The developed algorithms are then applied to count special routing events in a material flow system.
Ultra-high cycling stability of poly(vinylphenothiazine) as a battery cathode material resulting from π–π interactions (2017)

π–π interactions in a phenothiazine-based organic redox polymer lead to an ultra-high cycling stability of a lithium–organic battery.
Histopathological Effects of Short and Long Term Treatment of Orchis antolica Crude Root Extract on Female Albino Rats Fertility and Pregnancy (2012)

The present study has investigated the effects of Orchis antolica (dose of 400 mg/kg/Body Wight) on female rats reproductive system for two time periods 4 and 12 weeks. Forty adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two treatment and two control groups of 10 rats each. The two treated groups received 400 mg/kg/body weight of Orchis antolica for two periods of 4 and 12 weeks. Female rats were allowed mating with untreated males when treatment ended. Pregnancy parameters such as: total number of pregnancy, body weight, reproductive organ weight, number of implantation sites, number of resorption sites and number of viable fetuses. The significance of these results was calculated using student's "t" and Chi- square tests. Treatment with Orchis antolica for 4 weeks did not have any significant effects on most parameters investigated except for a slight increase in the relative ovarian and embryo weights. Orchis antolica for 12 weeks induces a significant increased in the percentage of pregnancies and the number of implantation sites when compared with controls. Further, an increase in ovarian weights and in viable fetuses count was also observed. Histological sections of treated female ovaries were found to have an empty blood vessels within the cortical and modularly regions. We also noted an increased in the developing follicles at primary and secondary stages in addition to an absence of degenerative areas and increased cellularity in medulla. Long-term treatment with Orchis antolica might lead to diversified positive effects on fertility and pregnancy in female rats.
Nanolobatolide, a New C<sub>18</sub> Metabolite from the Formosan Soft Coral <i>Sinularia nanolobata</i> (2009)

Nanolobatolide (1), possessing a novel C(18) molecular structure, was isolated from the Formosan soft coral Sinularia nanolobata. The structure of 1 was established by extensive spectroscopic study and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 was proposed. Nanolobatolide (1) has been found to possess significant anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities.
p63RhoGEF‐mediated formation of a single polarized lamellipodium is required for chemotactic migration in breast carcinoma cells (2013)

Short hairpin RNAs targeting 66 Rho-GEFs were screened for inhibition of chemotaxis. Six Rho-GEFs (p63RhoGEF, Trio, Duet, Net1, Frabin/Fgd4, and AAH33666) were found to be required for the serum-induced chemotactic migration of MDA-MB-231 human breast carcinoma cells. Knockdown of p63RhoGEF suppressed serum-induced RhoA activation and chemotaxis and caused the aberrant formation of multiple lamellipodial protrusions after serum stimulation while control cells formed a single polarized lamellipodium. These results indicate that p63RhoGEF plays a crucial role in serum-induced chemotaxis by limiting lamellipodial protrusion to one direction via RhoA activation.
Development of Non-Invasive Deep Tissue pH Sensor. (1995)

A Phase I SBIR effort has demonstrated the feasibility of measuring deep tissue pH using near infrared reflection spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares multivariate calibration techniques. Measurement of pH with a breadboard system has been successfully demonstrated in skin covered rabbit muscle and in a canine heart on cardiopulmonary bypass. In six separate determinations of deep tissue pH in the rabbit teres major muscle, the derived model was capable of measuring pH from collected near-infrared spectra to an average accuracy of -0.006 + 0.009 pH units. By collecting data on both the canine heart and the rabbit muscle, the potential of this technique for diagnosis of ischemic conditions in muscle tissue has been shown. The Phase I effort has demonstrated the following characteristics for this pH measurement system: significant measurement penetration down to a depth of 7 mm, insensitivity to probe height from skin/muscle surface, and a measurement time of under 15 seconds. The results of the Phase I effort are promising for development of a miniaturized, low cost non-invasive pH monitor system for assisting combat casualties in the field, as well as for many civilian medical applications, including cardiac and reconstructive surgery.
Biochemical characterization of matrilysin. Activation conforms to the stepwise mechanisms proposed for other matrix metalloproteinases (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBiochemical characterization of matrilysin. Activation conforms to the stepwise mechanisms proposed for other matrix metalloproteinasesThomas Crabbe, Frances Willenbrock, Di Eaton, Peter Hynds, Alexander F. Carne, Gillian Murphy, and Andrew J. P. DochertyCite this: Biochemistry 1992, 31, 36, 8500–8507Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00151a017https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00151a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views149Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Fault Tolerant State Machines (2004)

State machines are commonly used to control sequential logic in FPGAs and ASKS. An errant state machine can cause considerable damage to the device it is controlling. For example in space applications, the FPGA might be controlling Pyros, which when fired at the wrong time will cause a mission failure. Even a well designed state machine can be subject to random errors us a result of SEUs from the radiation environment in space. There are various ways to encode the states of a state machine, and the type of encoding makes a large difference in the susceptibility of the state machine to radiation. In this paper we compare 4 methods of state machine encoding and find which method gives the best fault tolerance, as well as determining the resources needed for each method.
Application of Static Concentrators to Photovoltaic Roof Tiles (1995)

Abstract An innovative three‐dimensional approach to static concentrators has keen developed that offers increased concentration ratios with slimmer designs than previous two‐dimensional static concentrator photovoltaic modules. Slimmer designs are essential for a practical static concentrator because they allow an economically viable implementation by using less material and by allowing incorporation into building structures such as roofing tiles. In this paper, the theoretical performance limits are discussed and a design is developed that achieves a concentration ratio of 3.6:1 while still capturing 90% of the annual irradiation without tracking the sun. The thermal performance of the static concentrator module is analysed to show that any efficiency loss due to cell heating is matched by the efficiency gain due to concentration. The efficiency of the module described is predicted to he greater than that of a conventional fiat plate module.
4‐Vinyl‐2,6‐dimethoxyphenol (canolol) suppresses oxidative stress and gastric carcinogenesis in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>‐infected carcinogen‐treated Mongolian gerbils (2007)

Oxidative stress is linked to gastric carcinogenesis because of its ability to damage DNA. Here we examined antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of 4-vinyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (canolol), a recently identified potent antioxidative compound obtained from crude canola oil, on Helicobacter (H.) pylori-induced gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis using a Mongolian gerbil model. The animals were allocated to H. pylori-infection alone (12 weeks) or H.pylori + N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) administration (52 weeks). After oral inoculation of H. pylori, they were fed for 10 and 44 weeks with or without 0.1% canolol. H. pylori-induced gastritis, 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and scores for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) immunohistochemistry were attenuated in the canolol-treated groups. Expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), COX-2 and iNOS mRNA in the gastric mucosa, and serum 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), anti-H. pylori IgG and gastrin levels were also significantly lower in canolol-treated groups. Furthermore, the incidence of gastric adenocarcinomas was markedly reduced in the H. pylori + MNU + canolol-treated group [15.0% (6/40)] compared to the control group [39.4% (13/33)] (p < 0.05). These data indicate canolol to be effective for suppressing inflammation, gastric epithelial cell proliferation and gastric carcinogenesis in H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils. Interestingly, the viable H. pylori count was not changed by the canolol containing diet. Thus, the data point to the level of inflammation because of H. pylori rather than the existence of the bacteria as the determining factor. Importantly, canolol appears to suppress induction of mRNAs for inflammatory cytokines.
Real-time problem determination in distributed systems using active probing (2004)

We describe algorithms and an architecture for a real-time problem determination system that uses online selection of most-informative measurements - the approach called herein active probing. Probes are end-to-end test transactions which gather information about system components. Active probing allows probes to be selected and sent on-demand, in response to one's belief about the state of the system. At each step the most informative next probe is computed and sent. As probe results are received, belief about the system state is updated using probabilistic inference. This process continues until the problem is diagnosed. We demonstrate through both analysis and simulation that the active probing scheme greatly reduces both the number of probes and the time needed for localizing the problem when compared with non-active probing schemes.
Geographic Information Systems, Evacuation Planning and Execution (2014)

Evacuation planning has for decades relied on the results derived from mathematical modeling and scenario development. While there exist many mathematical and simulation models dealing with evacuation planning most lack one or more critical components needed by the individuals or agencies responsible for removing people from harm’s way. Those critical components are real-time access to and representation of data to establish appropriate evacuation strategies. All the pieces for a real-time centralized evacuation system exist but have yet to be integrated as a single point system. The focus of this chapter is the underutilization of geographic information systems (GIS).
Composite Rigid-Foldable Curved Origami Structure (2013)

Summary: In this study, we show a family of multilayered rigid-foldable and flat-foldable vault structures. A vault can be designed by constructing a rigid-foldable curved folded tubular arch and assembling the arches to construct a multilayered surface. The resulting vault is also rigidly flat-foldable. We first show the process involved in the geometric construction of the tubular structure from a given space curve defined by curvature and torsion functions. Next, we show a single-DOF rigid-folding motion that is enabled by the curved folded tube. Finally, we show the parametric design of a vault structure and discuss its design parameters and the resulting form.
High-dose ifosfamide in bone and soft tissue sarcomas: results of phase II and pilot studies--dose-response and schedule dependence. (1997)

HDI at 14 g/m2 with mesna and G-CSF is an active salvage regimen for patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas. There is a definite positive dose-response curve, and bolus administration appears to be more active than continuous infusion.
Koordination (1976)

Von dem Terminus„Koordination“ wird mit großer Selbstverständlichkeit Gebrauch gemacht, wobei meist vorausgesetzt wird, daß er keiner Erläuterung bedarf. Die wörtliche Wiedergabe als Zu(sammen)-Geordnetheit kann mehr im Hinblick auf die Bezogenheit zweier oder mehrerer Tatbestände oder Komponenten als solcher aufeinander verstanden werden oder mehr unter Betonung der Geordnetheit eines komplexen Ablaufes. Kaum jemals wird nur der eine oder der andere Aspekt gemeint sein. Sowohl die Geordnetheit als auch die Bezogenheit setzen immer eine Mehrheitlichkeit, mindestens Zweiheit voraus. Die Frage ist, welcher Art denn die aufeinander bezogenen oder untereinander geordneten Einheiten sind. Vielfach ist es gar nicht nötig, dieser Frage im einzelnen nachzugehen, da sie sich gewissermaßen anschaulich von selbst erledigt. Der motorische Verlauf des beidhändigen Fangens eines zugeworfenen Balles etwa gliedert sich fast zwangsläufig auf in die zeitgerechte Einnahme der angemessenen Ausgangsposition, Entgegenlaufen oder Vorstrecken der Arme unter Berücksichtigung der Flugbahn des Balles und seines voraussichtlichen Eintreffens, rechtzeitige Zusammenführung und Schließung der Hände, Übergang aus der dem Ballwerfer zugewandten Körperposition oder Bewegung in eine Ruhe- oder neue Ausgangslage. Der einigermaßen erfahrene Beobachter wie auch der entsprechend geschulte Fänger vermögen ohne besondere Hilfsmittel festzustellen, ob die Bewegung koordiniert, in räumlich und zeitlich geordneter Weise verlief, wobei freilich die Geordnetheit kein ganz unabhängiges Kriterium darstellt. Epochale Bewegungsstile, Einordnung der Bewegung in größere Handlungszusammenhänge u. a. werden bei der Urteilsbildung einen gewissen Einfluß haben.
Uromodulin, an immunosuppressive protein derived from pregnancy urine, is an inhibitor of interleukin 1. (1986)

Uromodulin, an 85-kDa glycoprotein isolated from pregnancy urine, has been shown to inhibit antigen-induced proliferation of human lymphocytes in vitro. The present investigation was undertaken to determine its mechanism of action. Uromodulin was found to be a potent inhibitor of interleukin 1 (IL-1)-induced thymocyte proliferation. Uromodulin was compared to a previously described 30- to 35-kDa IL-1 inhibitor isolated from urine of febrile patients (febrile inhibitor). Uromodulin and the febrile inhibitor blocked the effects of both human IL-1 and recombinant murine IL-1, but the activity of uromodulin was greater than that of the only partially purified febrile inhibitor preparation. However, in contrast to the febrile inhibitor, uromodulin markedly enhanced interleukin 2-induced thymocyte proliferation. Antigenic analysis of the two preparations by ELISA and immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the febrile inhibitor did not cross-react with uromodulin using monoclonal or polyclonal antisera. These findings indicate that uromodulin is a potent IL-1 inhibitor that is probably distinct from the IL-1 inhibitor derived from the urine of febrile individuals. Whether this IL-1 inhibitory activity underlies its immunosuppressive activity on human lymphocytes remains to be established.
<i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>Infections in the United States, 1973–1998 (2000)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections are associated with consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish, contaminated food, and exposure of wounds to warm seawater. Foodborne outbreaks and sporadic infections from Vibrio species in 4 Gulf Coast states are reported routinely to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Between 1988 and 1997, 345 sporadic V. parahaemolyticus infections were reported: 59% were gastroenteritis, 34% were wound infections, 5% were septicemia, and 2% were from other exposures. Forty-five percent of patients suffering from these conditions were hospitalized for their infections, and 88% of persons with acute gastroenteritis reported having eaten raw oysters during the week before their illness occurred. Between 1973 and 1998, 40 outbreaks of V. parahaemolyticus infections were reported to the CDC, and these outbreaks included >1000 illnesses. Most of these outbreaks occurred during the warmer months and were attributed to seafood, particularly shellfish. The median attack rate among persons who consumed the implicated seafood was 56%. To prevent V. parahaemolyticus infections, persons should avoid consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish and exposure of wounds to seawater.