gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Experimental Studies of Plankton Luminescence (1964)

Experimental studies of plankton luminosity have been made with specially designed photomultiplier equipment; this records (on a Servograph Recorder) the flashes given off either by a sample of plankton or by individual animals placed in a container in a dark observation chamber. The apparatus is described. Apart from preliminary laboratory records on the flashing of Beroë, Pleurobrachia and Pyrosoma , and record of the general luminosity in the sea at a depth of 62 m (made with an underwater version of the apparatus), the main work has been a laboratory study of the luminescence of dinoflagellates and of the euphausiacean Meganyctiphanes norvegica . The dinoflagellate experiments showed the inhibiting effect of light, both natural and artificial, on luminescence, and the stimulating effect of mechanical disturbance which may override the former inhibition. A rise in temperature increased luminosity and cooling reduced it. A difference in the pattern of the luminosity of plankton samples containing dinoflagellates was shown by the introduction of actively swimming animals of different kinds. The dinoflagellates in the samples were mainly Peridinium depressum, Ceratium horridum and C. tripos var. balticum . The Meganyctiphanes experiments showed a spontaneous flashing in seventeen out of twenty-seven tests and in one test the animals maintained such activity for the greater part of a 24 h period. In addition to their bright flashing, the photophores would at times keep up a dull glow for long periods (especially see the observations of F. Körte in the Appendix). Spontaneous flashing does not only occur in the breeding season as had been suggested by Mauchline (1960).
Progress on clinical application of antihypertensive drugs (2012)

This paper describes characteristics of 5 kinds of commonly used antihypertensive drugs (diuretics,calcium antagonists,β adrenergic receptor blockers,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers),and introduces interaction and clinical curative effect of the 5 antihypertensive drugs when they were applied combined with each other.
Linear and Nonlinear Tuning of Parametrically Excited MEMS Oscillators (2007)

Microelectromechanical oscillators utilizing noninterdigitated combdrive actuators have the ability to be parametrically excited, which leads to distinct advantages over harmonically driven oscillators. Theory predicts that this type of actuator, when dc voltage is applied, can also be used for tuning the effective linear and nonlinear stiffnesses of an oscillator. For instance, the parametric instability region can be rotated by using a previously developed linear tuning scheme. This can be accomplished by implementing two sets of noninterdigitated combdrives, choosing the correct geometry and alignment for each, and applying ac excitation voltages to one set and proportional dc tuning voltages to the other set. Such an oscillator can also be tuned to display a desired nonlinear behavior: softening, hardening, or mixed nonlinearity. Nonlinear tuning is attained by carefully designing combdrive geometry, flexure geometry, and applying the correct dc voltages to the second set of actuators. Here, two oscillators have been designed, fabricated, and tested to prove these tuning concepts experimentally
Optical configurations for X-ray imaging by projection (2003)

Several optical configurations aiming to create images of sub-millimetre objects with magnification from I to 100 have been experimentally tested at the ESRF BM5 beamline. A Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) system is used for focusing the beam into a 30 microns spot and then direct projection images are recorded. Some results using a spherical crystal downstream from the KB system are presented. The possibility to focus the synchrotron. beam into a 40 microns spot using an spherical crystal in quasi-normal incidence is demonstrated and its use for projection microscopy is discussed.
Child and adolescent traumatic brain injury: psychiatric findings from a paediatric outpatient speciality clinic (1997)

A record review focused on children and adolescents, with a history of traumatic brain injury, who were consecutively admitted to a brain injury clinic in which all new patients are psychiatrically evaluated. The development of a 'novel' psychiatric disorder (not present before injury) occurred in 76% (38/50) of the cohort and was correlated significantly with family psychiatric history and family function, but not with severity of injury, preinjury psychiatric status, intellectual/educational functioning, or socioeconomic status. Psychiatric consultation is often necessary in this paediatric population even though much of the psychopathology, particularly following mild injury, may not be directly related to brain trauma.
The Spontaneous CD8+ T-Cell Response to HLA-A2-Restricted NY-ESO-1b Peptide in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients (2004)

The elevated frequency of specific CD8(+) T-cell responses to NY-ESO-1b in NY-ESO-1 mRNA(+)HLA-A2(+) HCC patients suggests that NY-ESO-1 is appropriate for use in the immunotherapy of HCC patients.
Isolation of nanowires made on bulk wafers by ground plane doping (2017)

In this work, the electrical isolation of nanowires fabricated on bulk wafers is investigated. It is shown that electrical isolation can be realized with a Ground Plane isolation implant at the beginning of the process flow. For transistors using extensions, it is seen that a relatively high dose of Ground Plane doping is needed in order to avoid punchthrough through a parasitic channel less controlled by the gate (compared to the nanowires electrostatic control). However, the minimum reachable off state leakage current IOFF is also increased for higher Ground plane doping due to junction leakage increase, and may impose a device trade-off between the reachable IOFF target and the short channel effects control. In order to alleviate this issue, it is proposed to skip extensions in order to reduce the dependence of short channel effects to Ground Plane doping dose. Experimental NMOS and PMOS extensionless nanowires are demonstrated without ground plane doping, and feature no ION/short channel control penalty compared to reference transistors (using extensions).
Thermoresponsive, Optically Active Films Based On Diels–Alder Chemistry (2007)

Reversible Diels–Alder chemistry was exploited to develop polymer films in which a change in optical clarity can be thermally triggered. SiO2 nanoparticles of various sizes were functionalized with maleimido moieties. A furyl-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) linker was prepared and tethered to the SiO2 nanoparticles via a Diels–Alder (DA) linkage. The pegylated SiO2 nanoparticles were randomly distributed within a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix, resulting in an optically transparent film. Annealing the film cleaves the DA linkage and effectively renders the SiO2 particles immiscible within the PMMA matrix creating a driving force for particle aggregation. The large aggregates were able to scatter light and resulted in an optically opaque film.
Trusted Computing: Security and Applications (2009)

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to highlight some of the major security and application issues confronting trusted computing technology. This technology—now present in a large proportion of new PCs and incorporating a wide range of cryptographic functionality—has the potential to have a major practical impact, but it has not been widely discussed. This paper is an attempt to encourage greater debate about this technology and its possible implications. Following a brief introduction to the history of trusted computing, we provide a summary of its main features. This leads naturally to a consideration of the issues that may impede its use, including potential problems with its cryptographic components. Possible applications of the technology are then discussed.
Proteolytic <sup>18</sup>O Labeling for Comparative Proteomics:  Model Studies with Two Serotypes of Adenovirus (2001)

A new method for proteolytic stable isotope labeling is introduced to provide quantitative and concurrent comparisons between individual proteins from two entire proteome pools or their subfractions. Two 18O atoms are incorporated universally into the carboxyl termini of all tryptic peptides during the proteolytic cleavage of all proteins in the first pool. Proteins in the second pool are cleaved analogously with the carboxyl termini of the resulting peptides containing two 16O atoms (i.e., no labeling). The two peptide mixtures are pooled for fractionation and separation, and the masses and isotope ratios of each peptide pair (differing by 4 Da) are measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Short sequences and/or accurate mass measurements combined with proteomics software tools allow the peptides to be related to the precursor proteins from which they are derived. Relative signal intensities of paired peptides quantify the expression levels of their precursor proteins from proteome pools to be compared, using an equation described in the paper. Observation of individual (unpaired) peptides is mainly interpreted as differential modification or sequence variation for the protein from the respective proteome pool. The method is evaluated here in a comparison of virion proteins for two serotypes (Ad5 and Ad2) of adenovirus, taking advantage of information already available about protein sequences and concentrations. In general, proteolytic 18O labeling enables a shotgun approach for proteomic studies with quantitation capability and is proposed as a useful tool for comparative proteomic studies of very complex protein mixtures.
Iterative Solution of Nonlinear Equations in Several Variables (2000)

Preface to the Classics Edition Preface Acknowledgments Glossary of Symbols Introduction Part I. Background Material. 1. Sample Problems 2. Linear Algebra 3. Analysis Part II. Nonconstructive Existence Theorems. 4. Gradient Mappings and Minimization 5. Contractions and the Continuation Property 6. The Degree of a Mapping Part III. Iterative Methods. 7. General Iterative Methods 8. Minimization Methods Part IV. Local Convergence. 9. Rates of Convergence-General 10. One-Step Stationary Methods 11. Multistep Methods and Additional One-Step Methods Part V. Semilocal and Global Convergence. 12. Contractions and Nonlinear Majorants 13. Convergence under Partial Ordering 14. Convergence of Minimization Methods An Annotated List of Basic Reference Books Bibliography Author Index Subject Index.
An iterative decorrelator with multipath combiners for CDMA frequency-selective fading channels (2002)

We investigate the performance of a multiuser receiver consisting of the decorrelator, which is implemented using an iterative method, and the multipath combiners for slowly-varying frequency-selective fading channels. The system considered here is an asynchronous direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Using computer simulation, we evaluate and compare the performance of the multiuser receiver in terms of the bit error rate and system capacity. Simulation results show that the multiuser receiver achieves the same performance as that based on the conventional implementation, with much lower computational complexity.
Functional Group Transformations in Derivatives of 1,4-Dihydrobenzo[1,2,4]triazinyl Radical (2014)

Transformations of functional groups OCOPh, OCH2Ph, I, NO2, and CO2Me in Blatter's radical derivatives 1-5 were investigated in order to develop synthetic tools for incorporation of the benzo[1,2,4]triazinyl system into complex molecular architectures. Thus, basic hydrolysis of OCOPh or Pd-catalyzed debenzylation of OCH2Ph gave phenol functionality, which was acylated and alkylated. Pd-catalyzed Suzuki, Negishi, Sonogashira, and Heck C-C cross-coupling reactions of iodo derivatives 1c, 1d, and 2d were also successful and efficient. Reduction of NO2 in 1e led to aniline derivative 1t, which was reductively alkylated with hexanal and coupled to l-proline. Selected benzo[1,2,4]triazinyl radicals were characterized by EPR and electronic absorption spectroscopy, and the results were analyzed in tandem with DFT computational methods. Lastly, the mechanism for formation of the 1,4-dihydrobenzo[1,2,4]triazine ring was investigated using the B3LYP/6-31G(2d,p) method.
Two-dimensional control of mode size in optical channel waveguides by lateral channel tapering (1991)

We propose optical channel waveguide structures in which two-dimensional mode size transformation is achieved by lateral tapering only. The layer structure of the waveguide is designed such that tapering the lateral channel width results in a tapering of the vertical size of the mode as well. This is accomplished by providing two waveguide cores in a single-mode system. When the rib is wide, the mode resides in the upper core, tightly confined by the rib. As the rib narrows, the field migrates to the lower core and spreads out in both dimensions, permitting a better match to large-mode structures such as optical fibers. Our calculations show that such waveguide tapers can significantly reduce the losses for coupling single-mode optical fibers to semiconductor channel waveguides.
Rendering Caustics on Non‐Lambertian Surfaces (1997)

This paper presents a new technique for rendering caustics on non‐Lambertian surfaces. The method is based on an extension of the photon map which removes previous restrictions limiting the usage to Lambertian surfaces. We add information about the incoming direction to the photons and this allows us to combine the photon map with arbitrary reflectance functions. By using a cone‐filter we improve the quality of the radiance estimate in particular at discontinuities. Furthermore we introduce balancing of the photon map which not only reduces the memory requirements but also significantly reduces the rendering time. We have used the method to render caustics on surfaces with reflectance functions varying from Lambertian to glossy specular.
Symbian OS system event log and postmortem software fault analysis (2008)

This thesis introduces a postmortem software failure analysis system named MobileCrash. The system is to catch Symbian OS panics and exceptions, to collect related information and to transmit crash logs to a central database for analysis. The basics of software failure analysis and similar systems on other operation systems are presented in the thesis. After revealing the system design of the MobileCrash, the system event log as a supplementary of the MobileCrash is introduced. The thesis also introduces the core of crash analysis together with real case studies in Symbian OS. Software developers can benefit from this thesis by learning about software failure analysis on Symbian OS. Project managers can get basic information on software failure analysis from this thesis to better control projects based on Symbian OS.\n\nKey words: Symbian OS, crash analysis, MobileCrash, system event log
The roots of violence and prospects for reconciliation : a case study of ethnic conflict in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia (2005)

This paper presents the results of a qualitative and ethnographic study that researched ethnic conflict in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. One of the main aims of this paper is to show that ethnic violence in Central Kalimantan was not an inevitable clash between two different cultural groups. Instead, the paper argues that the violence was a result of the combined effects of socio-economic marginalization of an indigenous group (the Dayak), with failed state interventions to prevent the build-up of conflict and outbreak of violence. In February 2001, a wave of killings by ethnic Dayak against ethnic Madurese spread throughout Central Kalimantan. The attacks were concentrated around the provincial capital of Sampit, but killings were reported through the entire province. These massacres were echoes of previous attacks against ethnic Madurese in West Kalimantan, from 1996-1997 and in 1999. It was even more shocking because it was happening all over again. After three days of hand-to-hand slaughter, the central government responded to the pleas for help from an overwhelmed provincial government by sending the army. The ultimate aim of this paper, is to consider the extent to which Bank interventions and projects can assist in reducing the potential and consequences of local conflict, especially in terms of the Bank's growing emphasis on, and support for, community based development efforts.
Ozone in Preeclampsia of pregnancy. Case report (2018)

Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy disorder with important short-term complications for mother and baby. Evidence suggests preeclampsia also has implications for the mother beyond pregnancy, as well as long-term effects on offspring health. The objective of the present study is to determine the effect of ozone therapy administered in form of mayor autohemotherapy in hypertensive pregnant women at her 18th week gestation. Prescribed regular antihypertensive drugs were maintained. The application of ozone significantly (p<0.05) improved tensional figures and a significant dose reduction of the regular antihypertensive therapy was achieved. No side-effects were observed during the study. This study confirms and adds strong evidence that ozone therapy is an effective and safe method of treating hypertensive disorders during pregnancy preeclampsia
Pass-Go: A Proposal to Improve the Usability of Graphical Passwords (2008)

Inspired by an old Chinese game, Go, we have designed a new graphical password scheme, Pass-Go, in which a user selects intersections on a grid as a way to input a password. While offering an extremely large full password space (256 bits for the most basic scheme), our scheme provides acceptable usability, as empirically demonstrated by, to the best of our knowledge, the largest user study (167 subjects involved) on graphical passwords, conducted in the fall semester of 2005 in two university classes. Our scheme supports most application environments and input devices, rather than being limited to small mobile devices (PDAs), and can be used to derive cryptographic keys. We study the memorable password space and show the potential power of this scheme by exploring further improvements and variation mechanisms.
Eye Gazing Enabled Driving Behavior Monitoring and Prediction (2018)

Automobiles have become one of the necessities of modern life, but also introduced numerous traffic accidents that threaten drivers and other road users. Most state-of-the-art safety systems are passively triggered, reacting to dangerous road conditions or driving behaviors only after they happen and are observed, which greatly limits the last chances for collision avoidances. Therefore, timely tracking and predicting the driving behaviors calls for a more direct interface beyond the traditional steering wheel/brake/gas pedal. In this paper, we argue that a driver's eyes are the interface, as it is the first and the essential window that gathers external information during driving. Our experiments suggest that a driver's gaze patterns appear prior to and correlate with the driving behaviors for driving behavior prediction. We accordingly propose GazMon, an active driving behavior monitoring and prediction framework for driving assistance applications. GazMon extracts the gaze information through a front-camera and analyzes the facial features, including facial landmarks, head pose, and iris centers, through a carefully constructed deep learning architecture. Our on-road experiments demonstrate the superiority of our GazMon on predicting driving behaviors. It is also readily deployable using RGB cameras and allows reuse of existing smartphones towards more safely driving.
Digital holography for characterization and testing of MEMS structures (2003)

Digital holography is proposed as a non-contact method for the inspection and characterization of MEMS. The method can be useful for assessing the fabrication process and the functionality as well as the reliability of micromachined structures.
Embedded Complex Floating Point Hardware Accelerator (2014)

In today's digital design, in addition to circuit delays, power consumption has become one of the main design concerns. A common solution to deal with the large execution delay and power consumption in modern processors is to use a co-processor that is capable of executing specific types of instructions in parallel with the main processor. Floating point operations are examples of such instructions that can be offloaded to a co-processor which is optimized to execute this type of complex operation with minimal delay and power. In this paper, we present a new pipelined Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) ALU that is accelerated to perform complex floating point operations including addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Our proposed Accelerated complex floating point ALU (AALU) has significantly lower delay (in clock cycles) compared to an earlier work that has an Instruction Set Extension (ISE) based architecture. Our approach can achieve up to 12x speed-up compared to the state-of-the-art designs, by completing floating point division in 91% fewer clock cycles, while significantly reducing power consumption.
Mechanism of colchicine binding to tubulin. Tolerance of substituents in ring C' of biphenyl analogs (1991)

The limits of structural variation of the substituent in position 4' of ring C' of biphenyl colchicine analogues (ring C in colchicine) were probed by the synthesis of a number of analogues and the examination of their binding to tubulin and its consequences. Binding was found to require the location in three-dimensional space of the oxygen in the 4'-substituent at a locus not far distant from those of the colchicine ring C oxygens. All those analogues that bind to the colchicine site of tubulin induced the GTPase activity and inhibited microtubule assembly, those containing a carbonyl group substoichiometrically and the others stoichiometrically. A similar relation was found for the induction of the abnormal polymerization of the colchicine analogue-tubulin complex, with methoxy-containing compounds requiring a higher temperature to induce the polymerization. A concerted analysis of the binding thermodynamics of colchicine and its various analogues has shown full consistency with the previously proposed two-step binding pathway that involves two nonidentical binding moieties in the ligand [Andreu, J. M., & Timasheff, S. N. (1982) Biochemistry 21, 534-543]. Comparison of the binding parameters of colchicine, its des(ring B) analogue (MTC), and ring A and C compounds individually with the thermodynamic parameters deduced for the first steps of the bindings of colchicine and MTC [Engelborghs, Y., & Fitzgerald, T. J. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 5204-5209] have led to the conclusion that binding can occur by two pathways leading to the identical product. In the first pathway, ring A binds first; this is followed by a rate-determining thermodynamically indifferent reaction (protein conformation change), and finally a rapid binding of ring C. In the second pathway, the events are the same except that the order of binding of the rings is reversed. Colchicine, due to the steric hindrance of ring B, can follow only the second pathway. For MTC, both kinetic pathways are open and binding may be initiated by random first contact of either ring A or ring C.