gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complex kinase requirements for<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>Tarp phosphorylation (2008)

Chlamydia trachomatis translocates the effector protein Tarp (translocated actin-recruiting phosphoprotein) into the host cell cytoplasm where it is quickly tyrosine phosphorylated. Abl and Src kinases have been implicated in Tarp phosphorylation; however, we observed that the situation is more complex. Chemical inhibition of Src family kinases confirmed a role for these kinases in Tarp phosphorylation. Infection of Src, Yes, Fyn (SYF)-deficient cells showed a dampened, but incompletely blocked, Tarp phosphorylation. Inhibition of Abl in an SYF background still did not completely block Tarp phosphorylation. Consequently, we tested additional kinases and found that Syk, but not Btk or Jak2, is a potent kinase of Tarp in vitro. Inhibition of Syk in an SYF background further blocked Tarp phosphorylation. Under these conditions, inclusion formation still proceeded normally. These data reveal a highly promiscuous substrate property of Tarp and set the stage for further functional characterization of Tarp phosphorylation during host cell infection.
Data Mining in Marketing Using Bayesian Networks and Evolutionary Programming (2002)

Give the explosive growth of customer data collected electronically from current electronic business environment, data mining can potentially discover new knowledge to improve managerial decision making in marketing. This study proposes an innovative approach to data mining using Bayesian Networks and evolutionary programming and applies the methods to marketing data. The results suggest that this approach to knowledge discovery can generate superior results than the conventional method of logistic regression. Future research in this area should devote more attention to applying this and other data mining methods to solving complex problems facing today’s electronic businesses.
Randomized controlled clinical trial of a combination of somatostatin analog and dexamethasone plus zoledronate vs. zoledronate in patients with androgen ablation-refractory prostate cancer. (2006)

For androgen ablation-refractory metastatic PrCa patients under androgen ablation, the combination of dexamethasone, somatostatin analog and zoledronate offered superior objective and palliative clinical responses than zoledronate alone.
Fabrication of a Novel Conductometric Biosensor for Detecting Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Antibodies (2008)

Johne's disease (JD) is one of the most costly bacterial diseases in cattle. In the U.S., economic losses from the disease have been estimated to exceed $1,500,000,000 per year, mainly from the effects of reduced milk production. Current diagnostic tests for JD are laboratory based and many of those tests require specialized equipment and training. Development of rapid and inexpensive diagnostic assays, which are adapted for point-ofcare applications, would aid in the control of JD. In this study, a polyaniline (Pani)-based conductometric biosensor, in an immunomigration format, was fabricated for the detection of serum antibody (IgG) against the causal organism of JD, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Immobilized Mycobacterium avium purified proteins in the capture membrane were used to detect MAP IgG, previously bound with Pani/anti-bovine IgG* conjugate in the conjugate membrane. After detection, the Pani in the sandwiched captured complex bridges an electrical circuit between the silver electrodes, flanking the capture membrane. The electrical conductance, caused by Pani, was measured as drop in electrical resistance. Testing of the biosensor with known JD positive and negative serum samples demonstrated a significant difference in the mean resistance observed between the groups. This proof-of-concept study demonstrated that a conductometric biosensor could detect MAP IgG in 2 minutes. The biosensor's speed of detection and the equipment involved would, among other things, support its application towards the various point-ofcare opportunities aimed at JD management and control.
Symmetric trellis-coded vector quantization (1997)

We present here design techniques for trellis-coded vector quantizers with symmetric codebooks that facilitate low-complexity quantization as well as partitioning into equiprobable sets for trellis coding. The quantization performance of this coder on the independently identically distributed (i.i.d.) Laplacian source matches the performance of trellis-based scalar-vector quantization (TB-SVQ), but requires less computational complexity.
Winchester disks reach for a gigabyte (1987)

Iterative phase retrieval is based on minimising a loss function as a measure of the consistency of an initial guess and underlying experimental data. Under ideal experimental conditions, real data contains Poissonian noise due to counting statistics. In this work, we use the Wirtinger Flow concept in combination with four common loss functions, being the L<sub>1</sub> loss, the mean-squared error (MSE), the amplitude loss and the Poisson loss. Since only the latter reflects the counting statistics as an asymmetric Poisson distribution correctly, our simulation study focuses on two main cases. Firstly, high-dose momentum-resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) of an MoS<sub>2</sub> monolayer is considered for phase retrieval. In this case, it is found that the four losses perform differently with respect to chemical sensitivity and frequency transfer, which we interprete in terms of the substantially different signal level in the bright and dark field part of diffraction patterns. Remedies are discussed using further simulations, addressing the use of virtual ring detectors for the dark field, or restricting loss calculation to the bright field. Secondly, a dose series is presented down to 100 electrons per diffraction pattern. It is found that all losses yield qualitatively reasonable structural data in the phase, whereas only MSE and Poisson loss range at the correct amplitude level. Chemical contrast is, in general, reliably obtained using the Poisson concept, which also provides the most continuous spatial frequency transfer as to the reconstructed object transmission function.
Changing the face of acne therapy. (2009)

Many innovations in acne therapy have evolved since the discovery in 1949 that vitamin A derivatives affected epidermal proliferation. Approval of topical tretinoin solution in 1971 was followed by modifications in the formulation to improve tolerability and provide flexibility in dosing. Identification of retinoid receptors led to research that resulted in 2 receptor-selective synthetic retinoids: adapalene and tazarotene. Today, topical retinoids are one of the cornerstones of acne therapy and are recommended as first-line therapy for all but the most severe forms of acne. They are used as monotherapy in mild comedonal acne; for inflammatory acne, topical retinoids are used in combination with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and antibiotics (topical or oral) and/or hormonal therapy for females. Because of the high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains of Propionibacterium acnes, topical antibiotics should no longer be used as monotherapy. Topical retinoid monotherapy is recommended for maintenance because it prevents formation of microcomedones, the precursor lesions in acne. Combination topical retinoid/antimicrobial therapy has become the current recommended standard of care for the management of patients with acne. Combination therapy can target multiple pathogenic factors: abnormal follicular keratinization, P acnes proliferation, inflammation, and increased sebum production. A number of fixed-combination products are available. These products are effective, generally well-tolerated, and more convenient for patients than multiple individual agents. By reducing the number of medications and applications, fixed-combination products have the potential to improve patient adherence, thereby improving treatment outcomes.
High humidity suppresses <i>ssi4</i>‐mediated cell death and disease resistance upstream of MAP kinase activation, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production and defense gene expression (2004)

The Arabidopsis ssi4 mutant, which exhibits spontaneous lesion formation, constitutive expression of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and enhanced resistance to virulent bacterial and oomycete pathogens, contains a gain-of-function mutation in a TIR-NBS-LRR type R gene. Epistatic analyses revealed that both PR gene expression and disease resistance are activated via a salicylic acid (SA)- and EDS1-dependent, but NPR1- and NDR1-independent signaling pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that in moderate relative humidity (RH; 60%), the ssi4 mutant accumulates H(2)O(2) and SA prior to lesion formation and displays constitutive activation of the MAP kinases AtMPK6 and AtMPK3. It also constitutively expresses a variety of defense-associated genes, including those encoding the WRKY transcription factors AtWRKY29 and AtWRKY6, the MAP kinases AtMPK6 and AtMPK3, the powdery mildew R proteins RPW8.1 and RPW8.2, EDS1 and PR proteins. All of these ssi4-induced responses, as well as the chlorotic, stunted morphology and enhanced disease resistance phenotype, are suppressed by high RH (95%) growth conditions. Thus, a humidity sensitive factor (HSF) appears to function at an early point in the ssi4 signaling pathway. All ssi4 phenotypes, except for MAP kinase activation, also were suppressed by the eds1-1 mutation. Thus, ssi4-induced MAP kinase activation occurs downstream of the HSF but either upstream of EDS1 or on a separate branch of the ssi4 signaling pathway. SA is a critical signaling component in ssi4-mediated defense responses. However, exogenously supplied SA failed to restore lesion formation in high RH-grown ssi4 plants, although it induced defense gene expression. Thus, additional signals also are involved.
Lazy Susan: dumb waiting as proof of work (2021)

The open nature of Internet services has been of great value to users, enabling dramatic innovation and evolution of services. However, this openness permits many abuses of open-access Internet services such as web, email, and DNS. To counteract such abuses, a number of so called proof-of-work schemes have been proposed. They aim to prevent or limit such abuses by demanding potential clients of the service to prove that they have carried out some amount of work before they will be served. In this paper we show that existing resource-based schemes have several problems, and instead propose latency-based proof-of-work as a solution. We describe centralised and distributed variants, introducing the problem class of non-parallelisable shared secrets in the process. We also discuss application of this technique at the network layer as a way to prevent Internet distributed denial-of-service attacks.
Application of plasmon-resonant microchip emitters to broadband terahertz spectroscopic measurement (2009)

We are proposing our original 2D-plasmon-resonant microchip emitter as a new terahertz light source. The structure is based on a high-electron-mobility transistor and features interdigitated dual-grating gates. The dual-grating gates can alternately modulate the 2D electron densities to periodically distribute the plasmonic cavities along the channel, acting as an antenna. The die fabricated in a 70 μm square with a double-deck InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs material system can emit 0.5-6.5 THz radiation with microwatt power even at room temperature from self-oscillating 2D plasmons under the DC-biased conditions. The microchip emitter was introduced into a Fourier-transformed far-infrared spectrometer as a light source. Its applicability to broadband terahertz spectroscopy was verified through real measurements for atmospheric water vapor and several sugar groups.
XCpaqs: compression of XML document with XPath query support (2004)

Information in XML format has obvious redundancy that wastes disk space, bandwidth and disk I/O when querying XML data. For the efficiency of storage and query XML, it is necessary to compress XML data. In this paper, XCpaqs, a compression technology of XML, is presented. XCpaqs separates XML document into structure and context information. At the same time, it keeps homomorphism relation between compressed and original XML document. XCpaqs encodes tag and path respectively. It makes parts of XPath query could be processed in main memory. XCpaqs can recognize data types and uses different encode strategy to compress data with different type. This feature makes the technology support XML documents without schema information. Therefore, XCpaqs is adaptive for XML warehouse, which stores XML documents gathered from internet with various schemas. The technology of query execution on XML data compressed by XCpaqs is also presented.
Trajectory analysis and semantic region modeling using a nonparametric Bayesian model (2008)

We propose a novel nonparametric Bayesian model, dual hierarchical Dirichlet processes (Dual-HDP), for trajectory analysis and semantic region modeling in surveillance settings, in an unsupervised way. In our approach, trajectories are treated as documents and observations of an object on a trajectory are treated as words in a document. Trajectories are clustered into different activities. Abnormal trajectories are detected as samples with low likelihoods. The semantic regions, which are intersections of paths commonly taken by objects, related to activities in the scene are also modeled. Dual-HDP advances the existing hierarchical Dirichlet processes (HDP) language model. HDP only clusters co-occurring words from documents into topics and automatically decides the number of topics. Dual-HDP co-clusters both words and documents. It learns both the numbers of word topics and document clusters from data. Under our problem settings, HDP only clusters observations of objects, while Dual-HDP clusters both observations and trajectories. Experiments are evaluated on two data sets, radar tracks collected from a maritime port and visual tracks collected from a parking lot.
Financial Distress Prediction Based on Decision Tree Models (2007)

Predicting Corporation's financial distress accurately and efficiently is very important for banks, investors, enterprises and regulatory authorities. This paper analyzes the use of decision tree for corporate financial distress prediction. Linear models, although simple and easy to interpret, require statistical assumptions which may be unrealistic; meanwhile, neural networks are usually too complicated to comprehend. Decision tree, as one of the most efficient data mining methods, is not only able to discriminate patterns which are not linearly separable, but also can be easily understood. In this paper, an algorithm is proposed to select dilation and translation parameters that yield a decision tree classifier with good parsimony characteristics. The models are built in a case study involving both failed and continuing Chinese listed firms in the period of 2003-2005. The results, supported by a test study, show that decision trees may be a valid model to predict listed firms' financial distress in China.
Comparing and fusing different sensor modalities for relay attack resistance in Zero-Interaction Authentication (2014)

Zero-Interaction Authentication (ZIA) refers to approaches that authenticate a user to a verifier (terminal) without any user interaction. Currently deployed ZIA solutions are predominantly based on the terminal detecting the proximity of the user's personal device, or a security token, by running an authentication protocol over a short-range wireless communication channel. Unfortunately, this simple approach is highly vulnerable to low-cost and practical relay attacks which completely offset the usability benefits of ZIA. The use of contextual information, gathered via on-board sensors, to detect the co-presence of the user and the verifier is a recently proposed mechanism to resist relay attacks. In this paper, we systematically investigate the performance of different sensor modalities for co-presence detection with respect to a standard Dolev-Yao adversary. First, using a common data collection framework run in realistic everyday settings, we compare the performance of four commonly available sensor modalities (WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS, and Audio) in resisting ZIA relay attacks, and find that WiFi is better than the rest. Second, we show that, compared to any single modality, fusing multiple modalities improves resilience against ZIA relay attacks while retaining a high level of usability. Third, we motivate the need for a stronger adversarial model to characterize an attacker who can compromise the integrity of context sensing itself. We show that in the presence of such a powerful attacker, each individual sensor modality offers very low security. Positively, the use of multiple sensor modalities improves security against such an attacker if the attacker cannot compromise multiple modalities simultaneously.
GPIIb/IIIa Integrin Antagonists with the New Conformational Restriction Unit, Trisubstituted β-Amino Acid Derivatives, and a Substituted Benzamidine Structure (1998)

Ethyl N-[3-(2-fluoro-4-(thiazolidin-3-yl(imino)methyl)benzoyl)amino-2, 2-dimethylpentanoyl]piperidine-4-acetate 40 (NSL-96184) is a highly potent and orally active fibrinogen receptor antagonist, which is characterized by the presence of the trisubstituted beta-amino acid residue, 3-ethyl-2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanine. This compound was developed on the basis of the SAR study of N-[3-(N-4-amidinobenzoyl)amino-2, 2-dimethyl-3-phenylpropionyl]piperidine-4-acetic acid 1(NSL-95301) with the derivatization focused on the central trisubstituted beta-amino acid unit as well as the basic amidinobenzoyl unit, and the esterification of the carboxyl group for prodrug composition. Compound 1, which was reported in our previous study, was discovered by the application of combinatorial chemistry. The molecular modeling study suggests that the trisubstituted beta-amino acid unit is responsible for fixing the molecule to its active conformation. Compound 40 showed an excellent profile in the in vitro and in vivo studies for its human platelet aggregation inhibitory activity and oral availability in guinea pigs. This oral availability largely depends on the modification of the amidino group with a cyclic secondary amine, i.e., thiazolidine in 40. In in vivo studies, the onset of the antiplatelet action of 40 is very fast after oral administration, whereas its duration of action is relatively short. These results suggest that 40 has an excellent therapeutic potential, especially for antithrombotic treatment in the acute phase. 3-Substituted-2,2-dimethyl-beta-amino acid residues would serve as new and useful linear templates to restrict the conformational flexibility of peptidomimetics.
Comparison Of Phenanthridine With Other Aza-Aromatic Heterocycles (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleComparison Of Phenanthridine With Other Aza-Aromatic HeterocyclesJohn Eisch and Henry GilmanCite this: Chem. Rev. 1957, 57, 3, 525–581Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr50015a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr50015a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1246Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Enhancing interactive web applications in hybrid networks (2008)

Mobile Internet users have several options today including high bandwidth cellular data services such as 3G, that may be the choice for many. However, the ubiquity and low cost of WiFi suggests an attractive alternative, namely, opportunistic use of open WiFi access points (APs) or planned municipal mesh networks. Unfortunately, for vehicular users, the intermittent nature of WiFi connectivity makes it challenging to support popular interactive applications such as Web search and browsing.
Risk factors associated with pregnancy-related deaths in Puerto Rico. (1986)

Intensive surveillance provided an increased appreciation of the variety and importance of risk factors associated with pregnancy-related deaths in Puerto Rico in 1978 and 1979 by identifying 45 pregnancy-related deaths in addition to the 17 reported through vital statistics. Analysis of pregnancy-related deaths by risk factor rather than by underlying cause of death provided a more accurate estimate of the prevalence of conditions associated with pregnancy-related mortality. Calculation of pregnancy-related mortality ratios for risk factors allowed easy comparison of the effect of risk factors on pregnancy-related mortality over time. The evaluation of risk factors associated with pregnancy-related deaths was useful in establishing priorities and developing recommendations aimed at reducing pregnancy-related mortality in Puerto Rico. (authors)
Design and evaluation of the self-fitting modular orthosis (SFMO) (1993)

The standing and walking of paraplegics assisted by the SFMO has been evaluated. The oxygen uptake was used to estimate the metabolic energy cost per distance and time; ground reaction forces provided the information on the amount of the effort exerted by the upper extremities and trunk for propulsion; heart rate showed the amount of the cardiovascular stress; and the gait speed was used to assess the distance that the subject could walk. By comparing the results obtained using the SFMO with data from the literature, it was found that the SFMO is a valuable assistive system for the restoration of gait in paraplegics. The energy consumption, heart rate, speed of progression, and ability to negotiate environmental changes are similar to those obtained with other conventional bracing techniques. However, a soft interface, modular design, light weight, and self-adjustment of the mechanical axes to human joints make the SFMO an advantageous system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>