gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Common Cytochrome P450 Epitope near the Conserved Heme-Binding Peptide with Antibodies Raised against Recombinant Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Proteins (1995)

The cytochrome P450 (P450) proteins constitute a superfamily of enzymes involved in various oxidations and related activities. Polyclonal antibodies raised against bacterial recombinant human P450s varied in specificity, depending upon the individual rabbits used. Several of the antisera raised against P450s 2C10 and 2E1 recognized a number of P450 family 1, 2, and 3 proteins, and two of the less selective antibodies were used to identify cross-reactive epitopes. P450 2C10 peptides reacting with anti-P450 2E1 and P450 2E1 peptides reacting with anti-P450 2C10 were isolated after electrophoresis/immunoblotting and analyzed by Edman degradation. Several of these were in a region near the highly conserved Cys that is a putative axial ligand to the heme. Peptides corresponding to the most conserved regions in this area were synthesized. Anti-P450 2C10 sera did not recognize 14-mer peptides corresponding to the heme-binding region (2C10 410-423 or 2E1 409-422) or the 14-mer peptides immediately C-terminal to these (2C10 425-438 or 2E1 424-437), but anti-P450 2E1 sera showed weak reaction with the latter two synthetic peptides. A longer peptide (29-mer) of P450 2E1 containing parts of both regions (412-440) reacted with both anti-P450 2C10 and anti-P450 2E1 antisera. Antibodies raised against a conjugate of the 29-mer peptide (with hemocyanin) recognized this antigen, the more C-terminal 14-mer peptides (2C10 425-438 and 2E1 424-437), P450s 2C10 and 2E1, and P450s 1A1, 11A1, and 17A. The 29-mer peptide showed considerable alpha-helix structure as judged by CD spectroscopy, in contrast to any of the 14-mers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
<title>Holographic optical element converting the Gaussian laser beam into a more uniform one</title> (1994)

A surface relief holographic grating is designed for the transformation of a Gaussian laser beam into a beam with a flattened plateau in its central part. The depth of grating grooves varies over the surface in order to achieve a distribution of diffraction efficiency complementary to the intensity profile of the laser beam to be transformed. The appropriate efficiency distribution over the grating can be obtained by a technological process during the exposure and development. Experiments have proved that produced grating samples can sufficiently flatten the Gaussian beam, and that the degree of the beam flattening can be easily controlled.
Spreadnet — a spread-spectrum local area network (1987)

A high-speed (100 Mbit/s) local area network, that uses direct-sequence, spread-spectrum, code-division, multipleaccess techniques is described. Details of the actual hardware implementation are presented and code sequence allocation and distribution are discussed. It is demonstrated that the performance of this network is particularly suited to the naval environment, for which it was designed.
Gingival Crevicular Fluid VEGF Levels in Periodontal Health and Disease (2007)

VEGF levels in GCF increased from health to periodontitis, and periodontal treatment resulted in a reduction in their concentrations. These data indicated that VEGF plays a key role in periodontal disease progression and can be considered a biomarker of periodontal disease progression.
Analysis of Epithelial Protein Profiles of Prostatic Glands Induced Heterotypically in the Bladder Epithelium of the Rat (1991)

When urinary bladder epithelia of rats were grown in association with fetal urogenital sinus mesenchyme, prostatic morphogenesis was induced. The epithelial proteins were examined by HPLC fractionation followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). More than 500 bands of silver-stained epithelial proteins were analyzed. The glandular epithelia induced from both adult and fetal bladder epithelia lost all of the 7 bladder-specific bands (BE 1-7) in most recombinants and expressed a number of prostate-specific bands. Among the 18 bands commonly found in all prostatic lobes, 13 (PE 4, 7-18) were constantly and 3 (PE 1-3) were sporadically detected, while the other 2 (PE 5 and 6) bands were not detected when the adult epithelium was used in recombination. Among the 7 prostatic lobe-specific bands (vPE 14, dPE 1-3), most of them were detected when the fetal epithelium was used, while few of them when the adult epithelium was used. These results demonstrate that prostatic morphogenesis induced in the bladder epithelium was associated with most of biochemical features of prostate. In addition to the biochemical study, histological examination revealed that the prostatic differentiation was more complete in the fetal bladder epithelium than the adult one.
Controllers for fault tolerant actuators (2007)

Abstract The Fly‐by‐Wire technology enables flexible shaping of both effective dynamics and handling qualities of aircraft. This solution extends aircraft possibilities and supports the pilot by use of high‐level control laws. Application of FBW for aircraft would make flying both safer, and more popular. On the other hand the FBW system must be highly reliable. Advanced indirect flight control technology requires the use of actuators characterized by fault tolerant architecture. It should enable improvement of reliability of the aircraft control system and safety of performed flights effectively. The Electromechanical Actuator (EMA) consists of the electric motor, gearbox and controller. The actuator controller should be made intrinsically reliable and should be insensitive to other equipment failure. The conception of fault tolerant control algorithms as well as practical realization of it has been presented in this work. Tests of reliability of the complete EMA unit have also been presented herein.
New dispersion-flattened hybrid optical fiber link composed of medium-dispersion large-effective-area fiber and negative dispersion fiber (2002)

A new dispersion-flattened hybrid optical fiber link composed of a medium-dispersion large-effective-area fiber and a negative dispersion fiber is presented. The hybrid fiber link showed a very low and flat dispersion in the C-band. We present a new enlarged-effective-area positive dispersion fiber (EE-PDF) with a medium-dispersion to reduce the dispersion accumulation and a NDF with a negative dispersion slope optimized for dispersion compensation for the EE-PDF. In addition we report on the dispersion and attenuation characteristics of a hybrid optical fiber link composed of these fibers.
Fade Dynamics and its Evolution: The Other Part of the ACTS Rain Prediction Model (1997)

The inception of the Advanced Communication Technology Satellite (ACTS) Project has required a similarly advanced statistical mathematical modeling formalism to describe the behavior of the 30/20 GHz links emanating to and from the earth terminals through the deleterious effects of the earth's atmosphere. The resulting ACTS Rain Attenuation Prediction Model has been thoroughly described in (Manning). In the present paper, the basic rudiments of this model will be reviewed; Section 1 covers the static or time-independent portion of the model and Section 2 covers the dynamic or time-dependent portion. The results of Section 2 are then applied to a new approximate solution of the famous problem of the time duration tau of a fade of a random process below some threshold. This is known as the fade duration. The new approximate solution was published in Russian (Denisenko) and, unfortunately, was never published into English. Hence, this work is restated following (Denisenko) in Section 3 which is immediately applied to the random rain fade process. The results for all five ACTS propagation sites as well as Tampa, FL are then given.
IGF-II is a major proliferative/anti-apoptotic cytokine and a therapeutic target in multiple myeloma, other hematologic neoplasias and solid tumors. (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

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We have shown (Oncogene 2002;21:5673, PNAS 2002;99:14374; Blood 2002;100s) that inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) kinase activity suppresses proliferation, survival and drug resistance of tumor cells from multiple myeloma (MM), other hematologic malignancies and solid tumors and that serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are sufficient to stimulate IGF-1R kinase activity. So far, studies of ligands for IGF-1R have focused on IGF-I (mainly due to its prominent role in childhood growth). We hypothesized that IGF-II is also a critical regulator of tumor cell proliferation/survival and we used specific neutralizing antibodies (Ab) against IGF-I or IGF-II to selectively abrogate their respective contributions to the biologic activities of serum (fetal bovine, healthy donor or MM patient sera) on tumor cells. We found that anti-IGF-II Ab significantly suppressed proliferation/survival of primary tumor cells and cell lines of MM (including cells resistant to conventional or novel drugs), and cell lines from solid tumors (e.g. breast, prostate, lung, colon, thyroid, ovarian, renal Ca, retinoblastoma, sarcoma), leukemias and lymphomas. IGF-II neutralization generally had more pronounced effect than anti-IGF-I Ab. Combined neutralization of both cytokines had effect comparable to IGF-1R inhibition. ELISA assays showed higher levels of IGF-II than IGF-I in sera of 20 MM patients (795±153 vs 181±74 ng/mL respectively, p<0.05). IGF-1R does not exhibit kinase activity in absence of ligand(s) binding, thus a major part of biologic effects of IGF-1R signaling in tumor cells may be triggered by IGF-II. We then studied the gene expression and proteomic profiles of IGF-II stimulation and, conversely, IGF-II inhibition of tumor cells. We found that physiological levels of IGF-II stimulate pleiotropic proliferative/anti-apoptotic pathways, including activation of key growth/survival pathways (e.g. PI-3K/Akt, Ras/Raf/MAPK, IKK-α/NF-κB); increased expression of inhibitors of apoptosis (e.g. FLIP, XIAP, cIAP-2); neutralization of pro-apoptotic Forkhead transcription factors; increased proteasome and telomerase activity; and enhanced proliferative response of tumor cells to other growth factors (e.g. MM or PrCa cells to IL-6). Anti-IGF-II Ab also partially inhibited the protective effect of serum against Dex, chemotherapeutics or PS-341; and suppressed VEGF production by tumor cells (e.g. MM, prostate or thyroid Ca) or BMSCs. Our studies show that IGF-II plays major role in tumor cell proliferation/survival and that IGF-I levels in cancer patients are not the sole determinant of the activity of IGFs/IGF-1R pathway, therefore comprehensive suppression of biological activity of both IGF-I and IGF-II is needed to abrogate their pleiotropic effects in conferring resistance against diverse anti-cancer drugs
Genetic Analysis of the Methanol- and Methylamine-Specific Methyltransferase 2 Genes of <i>Methanosarcina acetivorans</i> C2A (2008)

The entry of methanol into the methylotrophic pathway of methanogenesis is mediated by the concerted effort of two methyltransferases, namely, methyltransferase 1 (MT1) and methyltransferase 2 (MT2). The mtaA1, mtaA2, and mtbA genes of Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A encode putative methanol- or methylamine-specific MT2 enzymes. To address the in vivo roles of these genes in growth and methanogenesis from known substrates, we constructed and characterized mutants with deletions of each of these genes. The mtaA1 gene is required for growth on methanol, whereas mtaA2 was dispensable. However, the mtaA2 mutant had a reduced rate of methane production from methanol. Surprisingly, deletion of mtaA1 in combination with deletions of the genes encoding three methanol-specific MT1 isozymes led to lack of growth on acetate, suggesting that MT1 and MT2 enzymes might play an important role during growth on this substrate. The mtbA gene was required for dimethylamine and monomethylamine (MMA) utilization and was important, but not required, for trimethylamine utilization. Analysis of reporter gene fusions revealed that both mtaA1 and mtbA were expressed on all methanogenic substrates tested. However, mtaA1 expression was induced on methanol, while mtbA expression was down-regulated on MMA and acetate. mtaA2 was expressed at very low levels on all substrates. The mtaA1 transcript had a large 5' untranslated region (UTR) (275 bp), while the 5' UTR of the mtbA transcript was only 28 bp long.
Analysis of murine soluble Fc epsilon RII sites of cleavage and requirements for dual-affinity interaction with IgE. (1995)

The low-affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII/CD23) is a type II integral membrane protein with an extracellular C-terminal sequence homologous to C-type animal lectins. Between this region and the membrane is a repetitive sequence predicted to form an alpha-helical coiled-coil and is termed the stalk region. The Fc epsilon RII is proteolytically cleaved when at the cell surface in this stalk region. Both the 38 Kd and 28 Kd major released fragments were isolated from culture media and N-terminal sequencing demonstrated that the cleavage sites were in the third and fourth repeat domains, respectively. The identified sites show no apparent similarity with the cleavage sites previously identified in human Fc epsilon RII. Recent studies have demonstrated that the intact Fc epsilon RII interacts with IgE with a dual-affinity, resulting from a multivalent interaction with the IgE Fc region; mutant Fc epsilon RII that have a disruption of the alpha-helical coiled-coil have a single low-affinity interaction consistent with a monomeric interaction with IgE. The soluble Fc epsilon RII were shown to interact with IgE with an affinity similar to these mutant Fc epsilon RII. Preparation of a chimeric Fc epsilon RII in which the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions were replaced with sequences from Ly-49 revealed that these regions played no role in the multimeric association of the Fc epsilon RII necessary for dual-affinity interaction with IgE. In addition, a full-sized soluble Fc epsilon RII construct was expressed, and this molecule demonstrated increased capacity to interact with IgE.
Developmental patterns of free and protein-bound biotin during maturation and germination of seeds of <i>Pisum sativum</i>: characterization of a novel seed-specific biotinylated protein (1994)

Mature dry pea seeds contain three major biotinylated proteins. Two of these of subunit molecular mass about 75 kDa and 200 kDa are associated with 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6.4.1.4) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activities (EC 6.4.1.2) respectively. The third does not exhibit any of the biotin-dependent carboxylase activities found in higher organisms and represents the major part of the total protein-bound biotin in the seeds. This novel protein has been purified from a whole pea seed extract. Because in SDS/polyacrylamide gels the protein migrates with an apparent molecular mass of about 65 kDa, it is referred to as SBP65, for 65 kDa seed biotinylated protein. The molecular mass of native SBP65 is greater than 400 kDa, suggesting that the native protein assumes a polymeric structure, resulting from the association of six to eight identical subunits. The results of CNBr cleavage experiments suggest that biotin is covalently bound to the protein. The stoichiometry is 1 mol of biotin per 1 mol of 65 kDa polypeptide. The temporal and spatial pattern of expression of SBP65 is described. SBP65 is specifically expressed in the seeds, being absent from leaf, root, stem, pod and flower tissues of pea plants. The level of SBP65 increases dramatically during seed development. The protein is not detectable in very young seeds. Its accumulation pattern parallels that for storage proteins, being maximally expressed in the mature dry seeds. SBP65 disappears at a very high rate during seed germination. The level of free biotin has also been evaluated for various organs of pea plants. In all proliferating tissues examined (young developing seeds, leaf, root, stem, pod and flower tissues), free biotin is in excess of protein-bound biotin. Only in the mature dry seeds is protein-bound biotin (i.e. that bound to SBP65) in excess of free biotin. These temporal expression patterns, and the strict organ specificity for expression of SBP65, are discussed with regard to the possibility that in plants, as in mammals, biotin plays a specialized role in cell growth and differentiation.
<i>Toll</i>-Like Receptor 4-Deficient Mice Have Reduced Bone Destruction following Mixed Anaerobic Infection (2000)

C3H/HeJ mice have an impaired ability to respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to a mutation in the gene that encodes Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The effect of TLR4 deficiency on host responses to endodontic infections is unknown. In the present study, we compared periapical bone destruction, sepsis, and inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ and wild-type control C3H/HeOuJ mice. The mandibular first molars of both strains were subjected to pulpal exposure and infection with a mixture of four anaerobic pathogens, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus intermedius, and Peptostreptococcus micros. At sacrifice on day 21, TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ mice had significantly reduced periapical bone destruction compared to wild-type C3H/HeOuJ mice (P < 0.001). The decreased bone destruction in C3H/HeJ correlated with reduced expression of the bone resorptive cytokines interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha) (P < 0.01) and IL-1beta (P < 0.05) as well as the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12 (P < 0.05). No significant differences were seen in the levels of gamma interferon, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), or IL-10 between the two strains. The expression of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-12 were all significantly reduced in vitro in macrophages from both TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScNCr strains, compared to wild-type controls. Notably, the responses of TLR4-deficient macrophages to both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria were similarly reduced. Neither C3H/HeJ nor C3H/HeOuJ mice exhibited orofacial abscess development or infection dissemination as determined by splenomegaly or cachexia. We conclude that intact TLR function mediates increased proinflammatory responses and bone destruction in response to mixed anaerobic infections.
Electrocardiographic Changes and Plasma Potassium Levels in Patients on Regular Haemodialysis (1970)

Two out of four patients who had severe ischaemic E.C.G. changes when first accepted on to the dialysis programme showed much improvement after six months. From an analysis of 40 electrocardiograms (20 before and 20 after dialysis) of a further 17 patients it was found that the height of the T wave is a good index of the plasma potassium level. The tolerance of higher plasma potassium levels by these patients compared with patients with acute renal failure may be explained by the fact that the former do not have a hypercatabolic process and have a lesser degree of acidosis.
Physical and Biochemical Properties of Porcine Muscle as Affected by Exogenous Epinephrine and Prednisolone (1968)

SUMMARY— The effects of intramuscular ante‐mortem epinephrine of prednisolone plus epinephrine injection upon some physical and biochemical properties of porcine longissimus dorsi muscles were studied. Rate of post‐mortem muscle pH decline, ultimate muscle pH, Munsell value and transmission value were not significantly (P > .05) altered by epinephrine or prednisolone plus epinephrine injection. Significantly (P < .05) higher total phosphorylase activity and slightly greater phosphorylase a and % phosphorylase u (% of total phosphorylase activity) were observed in the muscles of epinephrine injected pigs. Neither total phosphorylase nor phosphorylase a was related to rate of pH decline or incidence of pale, soft, exudative muscle development. Muscle concentrations of AMP and IMP were not significantly (P > .05) different between treatments. IMP concentration was highly related to rate of pH fall. Correlation coefficients between longissimus dorsi muscle pH and IMP levels were −.93 and −.94 at 1.5 and 45 min post‐mortem, respectively. Prednisolone treatment resulted in higher initial and ultimate muscle glycogen levels than those from the control or epinephrine injected pigs.
Optical Motion Control of Maglev Graphite (2012)

Graphite has been known as a typical diamagnetic material and can be levitated in the strong magnetic field. Here we show that the magnetically levitating pyrolytic graphite can be moved in the arbitrary place by simple photoirradiation. It is notable that the optical motion control system described in this paper requires only NdFeB permanent magnets and light source. The optical movement is driven by photothermally induced changes in the magnetic susceptibility of the graphite. Moreover, we demonstrate that light energy can be converted into rotational kinetic energy by means of the photothermal property. We find that the levitating graphite disk rotates at over 200 rpm under the sunlight, making it possible to develop a new class of light energy conversion system.
A funcionally active protein complex from chloroplasts (1992)

Isolated outer chloroplast envelope membranes were solubilized by digitonin and separated on linear sucrose density gradients.A membrane complex was recovered from the gradients and exhibited characteristics of a protein import apparatus, i.e. the interaction of the complex with the precursor polypeptides depends on the presence of a transit sequence, ATP and protease-sensitive components.Furthermore, translocation intermediates detected in the organellar system are also found after interaction of the precursor polypeptide with the isolated import complex.
Study on Chemical Constituents of Ixeris chinensis Nakai (2012)

OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of Ixeris chinensis Nakai.METHODS The constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography,HPLC and recrystallization,and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis.RESULTS Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified as Chinensioide F(1),Chinensioide C(2),daucosterol(3),6′-p-hydroxyphenylacetyl-Ixerin D(4),methyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate(5),p-hydroxyphenylethanol(6),3,5-dimethoxy-4-hedroxyphenylpropynol(7),10α-hydroxy-guaia-12,6-lactone-3-keton(8),sitosterol(9),Chinensioide E(10),Chinensioide D(11),Ixerochinoside(12),3β,10α-dihydroxy-guaia-4(15),11(13)-diene-12,6-lactone(13),10α-hydroxy-11βH-guaia-4(15)-ene-12,6-lacton(14) and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(15).CONCLUSION Compound 1 is new(chinensiode F).Compound 4~7 and 12~14 were isolated from I.chinensis Nakai for the first time.
The Battle for Australia 1942-1945 (2014)

The Battle for Australia commenced with the bombing of Darwin in the Northern Territory on 19 February 1942 and ended with the surrender of the Japanese imperial forces in Wewak in the Papua and New Guinea Mandated Territory on 15 August 1945.
Atrium-Selective Sodium Channel Block as a Strategy for Suppression of Atrial Fibrillation (2007)

Our study demonstrates important differences in the inactivation characteristics of atrial versus ventricular sodium channels and a striking atrial selectivity for the action of ranolazine to produce use-dependent block of sodium channels, leading to suppression of AF. Our results point to atrium-selective sodium channel block as a novel strategy for the management of AF.
An Ionization Gauge Circuit (1940)

Recently an article has appeared describing a new style ionization gauge. The ionization gauge circuit which is here described was designed for use with it and combines the advantages of high sensitivity, stability, and ruggedness required for industrial use. These advantages are achieved through the use of a balanced amplifier, negative feedback and gas tube voltage regulation.