gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of eye closure on protein and complement deposition on Group IV hydrogel contact lenses: relationship to tear flow dynamics (1996)

Eye closure profoundly affects the rate of lysozyme deposition on Group IV hydrogels and the composition of minor biofilm constituents in a manner that could affect biocompatibility. Findings support the contention that eye closure results in a > 90% reduction in the rate of reflex-type tear secretion.
Rabe Rest in Peace: Confirmation of the Rabe–Kindler Conversion of <i>d‐</i>Quinotoxine Into Quinine: Experimental Affirmation of the Woodward–Doering Formal Total Synthesis of Quinine (2008)

Put to rest: The three-step conversion of d-quinotoxine into quinine, as originally reported by Rabe and Kindler in 1918, has been experimentally verified. This conversion serves to reaffirm the formal total synthesis of quinine reported by Woodward and Doering in 1944. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2008/z705421_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Theory of antimotion sickness drug mechanisms. (1972)

The results of a series of antimotion sickness drug evaluations indicates that drugs with central anticholinergic actions and drugs that increase central sympathetic activity are effective against motion sickness. The combination of these actions produces a synergistic effect against motion sickness. The effect of these medications on central acetylcholine or on norepinephrine could alter a balance between the neurons in the vestibular and reticular areas which influence motion sickness and also sympathetic and parasympathetic reactions. It is suggested that this could be their mechanism of action in preventing motion sickness.
A Direct-Conversion Mixer with a DC-offset Cancellation for WLAN (2007)

This paper presents a 5GHz double-balanced mixer with DC-offset cancellation circuit for direct-conversion receiver compliant with IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN standard. The analog feedback loop is used, to eliminate the DC-offset at the output of the double-balanced mixer. The test results show that the mixer with DC-offset cancellation circuit has voltage conversion gain of 9.5dB at 5.15GHz, noise figure of 13.5dB, IIP3 of 7.6dBm, 1.73mV DC-offset voltage and 67mW power with 3.3-V power supply. The DC-offset cancellation circuit has less than 0.1mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> additional area and 0.3mW added power dissipation. The direct conversion WLAN receiver has been implemented in a 0.35μm SiGe BiCMOS technology.
Electrochromism in Ir–Mg oxide films (2002)

Thin films of IrMgyOz with 2&lt;y&lt;5 were produced by reactive dc magnetron sputtering. Electrochromism was investigated by voltammetric cycling in proprionic acid and by spectrophotometry. The Mg addition yielded enhanced optical modulation and bleached state transparency, while good cycling durability prevailed.
Influence of doping on sensitivity and response time of TiO2 oxygen gas sensor (2000)

The recent trend in gas sensor research is to achieve higher gas sensitivity and shorter response time at low operating temperatures. In the present study, titanium dioxide was studied as an oxygen gas sensor at different chromium (Cr) dopant concentrations. The sensitivity and response time measurements were carried out as a function of operating temperature and oxygen partial pressure. A higher sensitivity and shorter response time was observed at 700 °C in 0.40 wt % Cr doped sensor as compared to an undoped sensor, which showed higher sensitivity at 800 °C. The 0.40 wt % Cr doped sensor shows 13 times higher sensitivity as compared to undoped sensor. The porosity of the material decreases as Cr concentration increases. A large number of operation cycles were performed on the sensor, which shows the stability of the device over long period. The sensitivity and response time of the sensor were also correlated with electronic structure results obtained from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Transverse “Runout” of a Nonflat Spinning Disk (1991)

This paper models the transverse “runout” of a flexible, nonflat, spinning disk. Analysis is provided to compute the deflection that a warped or skewed disk will take after spinning. This is a problem of importance in magnetic and optical recording, for which spacing and/or contact with the recording head must be precisely controlled. The effect of disk nonflatness appears as an equivalent pressure load in an analogous formulation for a flat plate. Results are presented for various freely spinning disks. Comparisons to experiments show the range of the models predictive capability.
Arabic Sign Language Recognition an Image-Based Approach (2007)

In this paper we propose an image based system for Arabic sign language recognition. A Gaussian skin color model is used to detect the signer's face. The centroid of the detected face is then used as a reference to track the hands movement using region growing from the sequence of images comprising the signs. A number of features are then selected from the detected hand regions across the sequence of images. The recognition stage is performed using a hidden Markov model. The proposed system achieved a recognition accuracy of about 93% for a data set of 300 signs with leave one out method.
An empirical evaluation of fault-proneness models (2002)

Planning and allocating resources for testing is difficult and it is usually done on empirical basis, often leading to unsatisfactory results. The possibility of early estimating the potential faultiness of software could be of great help for planning and executing testing activities. Most research concentrates on the study of different techniques for computing multivariate models and evaluating their statistical validity, but we still lack experimental data about the validity of such models across different software applications.This paper reports an empirical study of the validity of multivariate models for predicting software fault-proneness across different applications. It shows that suitably selected multivariate models can predict fault-proneness of modules of different software packages.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Duocarmycin Derivatives. (1995)

A series of duocarmycin B2 derivatives, modified at the phenolic hydroxyl group to ester, carbonate and carbamate, was synthesized. Antitumor activity of these analogs was preliminarily evaluated by assays of growth inhibition of HeLa S3 cells (in vitro) and antitumor activity against murine sarcoma 180 (in vivo). The stability of the compounds under aqueous conditions was examined, and we found a correlation between antitumor activity in vivo and stability in aqueous solution, that is, the more stable derivatives exhibited higher antitumor activity. Among these derivatives, the N,N-dialkylcarbamoyl analogs exhibited both improved antitumor activity and higher stability compared with duocarmycin B2. These analogs were subjected to further biological evaluation and they expressed broad-spectrum activity toward murine solid tumors M5076, Colon 26 and Colon 38, and human xenografted carcinoma MX-1.
Interleukin-1 beta enhances spinal cord blood flow after intrathecal administration in the normal rat (1995)

The effects of acute intrathecal recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta) administration on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF), volume, and velocity were determined by laser-Doppler flowmetry in normal anesthetized rats with the use of a randomized and blinded protocol. The intrathecal administration of rhIL-1 beta (0.16-16 ng) produced a dose-dependent increase in SCBF that was not related to changes in blood pressure; arterial pH, PO2, PCO2; or spinal cord temperature. The IL-1 beta-induced enhancement of SCBF was directly proportional to the resultant elevation of spinal cord rhIL-1 beta content and was significantly correlated with an elevated blood velocity. The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in concentrations 50- and 200-fold higher than IL-1 beta completely blocked the IL-1 beta-induced increase in SCBF when both compounds were administered concomitantly, but when administered alone, IL-1ra did not affect SCBF or other parameters. This suggests that IL-1 beta action was mediated by a specific interaction with an IL-1 membrane receptor site. The results suggest a role of IL-1 beta in the regulation of spinal cord hemodynamics. A potential pharmacological approach using IL-1 agonists for the treatment of the delayed appearance of posttraumatic spinal ischemia is proposed.
Forces transmitted through EVA mouthguard materials of different types and thickness (1995)

Previous studies into sporting mouthguards have been mainly attitudinal or epidemiological. The aim of the present study was to build an impact rig to measure the impact absorbed by mouthguard materials of various thicknesses. The acceleration of the pendulum of the rig was measured and used to calculate the force transmitted to the materials. Impact tests were also performed on three commercially available mouthguard materials. Tests showed that the force transmitted through mouthguard materials was inversely related to the material thickness. Mouthguard construction techniques with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) plastics should be monitored to avoid occlusal thinning especially on the incisal edges. Thinning results in reduction in the protection offered by the mouthguard.
Real-Time Object Removal in Augmented Reality (2018)

Diminished reality, as a sub-topic of augmented reality where digital information is overlaid on an environment, is the perceived removal of an object from an environment. Previous approaches to diminished reality used digital replacement techniques, inpainting, and multi-view homographies. However, few used a virtual representation of the real environment, limiting their domains to planar environments. This thesis provides a framework to achieve real-time diminished reality on an augmented reality headset. Using state-of-the-art hardware, we combine a virtual representation of the real environment with inpainting to remove existing objects from complex environments. Our work is found to be competitive with previous results, with a similar qualitative outcome under the limitations of available technology. Additionally, by implementing new texturing algorithms, a more detailed representation of the real environment is achieved.
The RCA Recording System and its Adaptation to Various Types of Sound-Track (1937)

The photographic recording of sound is accomplished by modulating a narrow beam of light and projecting it upon a strip of moving film. There are three ways in which the amount of exposing light may be varied. A light-beam of fixed dimensions may have its intensity varied; a beam of constant intensity and length may have its width varied; or a beam of constant intensity and width may have its length varied. The first two types of modulation produce variable-density soundtracks, while the third type produces variable-width tracks. — The recording optical system can be made to modulate either the intensity or the length of the light-beam. The unit consists essentially of an incandescent lamp to produce the light, a system of lenses to direct the light, an aperture and slit to limit the light, and a reflecting mirror galvanometer to modulate the light. A magnetic shutter for ground-noise reduction is also part of the standard variable-width recording unit. A system of mirrors and lenses intercepts a small portion of the recording light and projects it upon an external card. This system magnifies the deflection of the galvanometer and shutter to such extent that the degree of modulation and the zero settings can be observed easily by the unaided eye. — Many different types of sound-track can be made with the recording optical system without sacrificing any of its advantages as a light modulator. By the use of the appropriate condenser and aperture assembly, the system will record standard bilateral variable-width track, standard variable-density track, push-pull class B variable-width track, push-pull class A variable-density track, and push-pull class A variable-width track. The manner in which each of these systems functions is shown and described in detail.
Interphase cytogenetics as an adjunct in the cytodiagnosis of urinary bladder carcinoma. A comparative study of cytology, flow cytometry and interphase cytogenetics in bladder washes. (1994)

To determine the role of interphase cytogenetics as an adjunct in the cytodiagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in bladder washes, 40 separate samples were prospectively evaluated by conventional cytology, flow cytometry (FCM) and interphase cytogenetics using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to detect numerical chromosomal abnormalities involving chromosomes 8 and 12. The cases, all of which had subsequent histologic confirmation, were composed of 26 transitional cell carcinomas and 14 benign lesions. Cytology, FCM and FISH were concordant in 19 of 31 (61%) instances. The false-negative rates of the three parameters were as follows: cytology, 38.5%; FCM, 28.5%; FISH, 27%. The false-positive rates were 0%, 20% and 0%, respectively. The relatively lower sensitivity of cytology is attributed to sampling problems since 7 of the 10 false-negative cases were histologically high grade (grades 2 and 3) and should have been detected easily by conventional cytology if tumor cells were present. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of FISH in detecting malignant cells of TCC in bladder washes is comparable to that of conventional cytology and FCM. When, as in the present study, there are insufficient numbers of cells for FCM analysis, the detection of numerical chromosomal abnormalities by FISH studies may serve as an adjunct in the diagnosis of TCC in bladder washes.
Fabrication of precision fiber-optic time delays with in situ monitoring for subpicosecond accuracy (1997)

We have developed a technique to produce precise fiber-optic time delays with subpicosecond accuracy and <0.1-dB loss by heating and stretching optical fiber in a fusion splicer. A fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer allows in situ measurement of these precise delays using a simple alignment process and requiring only a weak optical signal. To demonstrate this capability, we assembled a six-stage feed-forward delay line that can be used to generate 64 optical pulses with 9.5 +/- 0.8-ps pulse spacings and 4.8-dB total insertion loss.
Selectivity estimation for extraction operators over text data (2011)

Recently, there has been increasing interest in extending relational query processing to efficiently support extraction operators, such as dictionaries and regular expressions, over text data. Many text processing queries are sophisticated in that they involve multiple extraction and join operators, resulting in many possible query plans. However, there has been little research on building the selectivity or cost estimation for these extraction operators, which is crucial for an optimizer to pick a good query plan. In this paper, we define the problem of selectivity estimation for dictionaries and regular expressions, and propose to develop document synopses over a text corpus, from which the selectivity can be estimated. We first adapt the language models in the Natural Language Processing literature to form the top-k n-gram synopsis as the baseline document synopsis. Then we develop two classes of novel document synopses: stratified bloom filter synopsis and roll-up synopsis. We also develop techniques to decompose a complicated regular expression into subparts to achieve more effective and accurate estimation. We conduct experiments over the Enron email corpus using both real-world and synthetic workloads to compare the accuracy of the selectivity estimation over different classes and variations of synopses. The results show that, the top-k stratified bloom filter synopsis and the roll-up synopsis is the most accurate in dictionary and regular expression selectivity estimation respectively.
Meaningful Task-Specific Training (MTST) for Stroke Rehabilitation: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2012)

The MTST produced statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements in the upper extremity motor recovery of the patients who had a subacute stroke.
Attenuation of Hofmeister bias in ion-pair extraction by a disulfonamide anion host used in strikingly effective synergistic combination with a calix-crown Cs+ host (2001)

A calix-crown/disulfonamide dual-host combination in 1,2-dichloroethane exhibits markedly enhanced ion-pair extraction of caesium salts, with the observed synergism following an anti-Hofmeister order.
3D angle‐domain common‐image gathers for migration velocity analysis (2004)

ABSTRACT Angle‐domain common‐image gathers (ADCIGs) are an essential tool for migration velocity analysis (MVA). We present a method for computing ADCIGs in 3D from the results of wavefield‐continuation migration. The proposed methodology can be applied before or after the imaging step in a migration procedure. When computed before imaging, 3D ADCIGs are functions of the offset ray parameters ( p , p ) ; we derive the geometric relationship that links the offset ray parameters to the aperture angle γ and the reflection azimuth φ. When computed after imaging, 3D ADCIGs are directly produced as functions of γ and φ. The mapping of the offset ray parameters ( p , p ) into the angles (γ, φ) depends on both the local dips and the local interval velocity; therefore, the transformation of ADCIGs computed before imaging into ADCIGs that are functions of the actual angles is difficult in complex structure. By contrast, the computation of ADCIGs after imaging is efficient and accurate even in the presence of complex structure and a heterogeneous velocity function. On the other hand, the estimation of the offset ray parameters ( p , p ) is less sensitive to velocity errors than the estimation of the angles (γ, φ). When ADCIGs that are functions of the offset ray parameters ( p , p ) are adequate for the application of interest (e.g. ray‐based tomography), the computation of ADCIGs before imaging might be preferable. Errors in the migration velocity cause the image point in the angle domain to shift along the normal to the apparent geological dip. By assuming stationary rays (i.e. small velocity errors), we derive a quantitative relationship between this normal shift and the traveltime perturbation caused by velocity errors. This relationship can be directly used in an MVA procedure to invert depth errors measured from ADCIGs into migration velocity updates. In this paper, we use it to derive an approximate 3D residual moveout (RMO) function for measuring inconsistencies between the migrated images at different γ and φ. We tested the accuracy of our kinematic analysis on a 3D synthetic data set with steeply dipping reflectors and a vertically varying propagation velocity. The tests confirm the accuracy of our analysis and illustrate the limitations of the straight‐ray approximation underlying our derivation of the 3D RMO function.
All digital tracking loop for OFDM symbol timing (2003)

A fine symbol timing tracking loop combined with sampling rate conversion for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) software receiver is investigated in this paper. Generally, symbol timing for OFDM receiver can be achieved by adjusting ADC's sampling frequency and phase with a voltage controlled oscillator. On a software radio platform, intermediate frequency OFDM waveform is digitized with a free running clock. So, the symbol timing method of OFDM receiver for software radio is different from that of generally implemented receivers. To implement such an OFDM receiver, an interpolation loop is used to realize sampling rate to symbol rate conversion. Simultaneously, the residual coarse timing error and the sampling frequency error can be tracked by a NCO controlled loop. According to the proposed loop structure, simulation results prove it is quite effective.
Hardware Acceleration for Homomorphic Encryption (2018)

Dans cette these, nous nous proposons de contribuer a la definition de systemes de crypto-calculs pour la manipulation en aveugle de donnees confidentielles. L’objectif particulier de ce travail est l’amelioration des performances du chiffrement homomorphe. La problematique principale reside dans la definition d’une approche d’acceleration qui reste adaptable aux differents cas applicatifs de ces chiffrements, et qui, de ce fait, est coherente avec la grande variete des parametrages. C’est dans cet objectif que cette these presente l’exploration d’une architecture hybride de calcul pour l’acceleration du chiffrement de Fan et Vercauteren (FV).Cette proposition resulte d’une analyse de la complexite memoire et calculatoire du crypto-calcul avec FV. Une partie des contributions rend plus efficace l’adequation d’un systeme non-positionnel de representation des nombres (RNS) avec la multiplication de polynome par transformee de Fourier sur corps finis (NTT). Les operations propres au RNS, facilement parallelisables, sont accelerees par une unite de calcul SIMD type GPU. Les operations de NTT a la base des multiplications de polynome sont implementees sur materiel dedie de type FPGA. Des contributions specifiques viennent en soutien de cette proposition en reduisant le cout memoire et le cout des communications pour la gestion des facteurs de rotation des NTT.Cette these ouvre des perspectives pour la definition de micro-serveurs pour la manipulation de donnees confidentielles a base de chiffrement homomorphe.
Characterization of <i>ylbF</i>, a new gene involved in competence development and sporulation in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2000)

We used mini Tn10 transposition to generate a library of Bacillus subtilis insertion mutants, with the goal of identifying and characterizing new competence genes. Two new regulatory genes were identified in our screen: ypuN (also known as rsiX, the anti-sigmaX factor) and ylbF. The disruption of ylbF leads to a dramatic decrease in the expression of comK, encoding the competence transcription factor. Our data show that ylbF positively controls ComK at a post-transcriptional level. It has been reported previously that ComK is degraded in vivo and in vitro by a multimeric protein complex composed of ClpP, ClpC and MecA. This proteolysis is inhibited by the ComS peptide. We show that both the overexpression of comS and the inactivation of mecA individually suffice to bypass the competence phenotype of the ylbF mutation. This mutation does not seem to alter the cellular concentrations of MecA or ClpP, and we propose a role for YlbF in modulating the translation, stability or activity of ComS. In addition to its role in competence, ylbF also appears to regulate sporulation by acting before stage II.