gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lovastatin-mediated G <sub>1</sub> arrest is through inhibition of the proteasome, independent of hydroxymethyl glutaryl-CoA reductase (1999)

In this paper we present the finding that lovastatin arrests cells by inhibiting the proteasome, which results in the accumulation of p21 and p27, leading to G1 arrest. Lovastatin is an inhibitor of hydroxymethyl glutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Previously, we reported that lovastatin can be used to arrest cultured cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, resulting in the stabilization of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) p21 and p27. In this report we show that this stabilization of p21 and p27 may be the result of a previously unknown function of the pro-drug, beta-lactone ring form of lovastatin to inhibit the proteasome degradation of these CKIs. The lovastatin mixture used in this study is 80% open-ring form and 20% pro-drug, beta-lactone form. We show that while the lovastatin open-ring form and pravastatin (a lovastatin analogue, 100% open ring) inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, lovastatin pro-drug inhibits the proteasome but does not inhibit HMG-CoA reductase. In addition, many of the properties of proteasome inhibition by the pro-drug are the same as the specific proteasome inhibitor lactacystin. Lastly, mevalonate (used to rescue cells from lovastatin arrest) unexpectedly abrogates the lactacystin and lovastatin pro-drug inhibition of the proteasome. Mevalonate increases the activity of the proteasome, which results in degradation of the CKIs, allowing lovastatin- and lactacystin-arrested cells to resume cell division. The lovastatin-mediated inhibition of the proteasome suggests a unique mechanism for the chemopreventative effects of this agent seen in human cancer.
A technique for comparison of leg lengths during total hip replacement. (1996)

Leg-length inequality after total hip arthroplasty is not uncommon and can be distressing to the patient. The use of a particular design of Steinmann pin for comparing a patient's leg lengths during total hip arthroplasty is illustrated.
Pregnancy following Cardiac Transplantation (1996)

After completing this lesson, the participant will be aware of current literature on pregnancy following heart transplantation and have a greater understanding of the physiologic considerations and complications characteristic of this clinical condition.
Selenium persistency and speciation in the tissues of lambs following the withdrawal of dietary high-dose selenium-enriched yeast (2008)

The objective was to determine the concentration of total selenium (Se) and the proportion of total Se comprised as selenomethionine (SeMet) and selenocysteine (SeCys) in post mortem tissues of lambs in the 6 weeks period following the withdrawal of a diet containing high-dose selenised yeast (HSY), derived from a specific strain of Saccharomyces cerevisae CNCM (Collection Nationale de Culture de Micro-organism) I-3060. Thirty Texel × Suffolk lambs used in this study had previously received diets (91 days) containing either HSY (6.30 mg Se per kg dry matter (DM)) or an unsupplemented control (C; 0.13 mg Se per kg DM). Following the period of supplementation, all lambs were then offered a complete pelleted diet, without additional Se (0.15 mg Se per kg DM), for 42 days. At enrolment and 21 and 42 days later, five lambs from each treatment were blood sampled, euthanased and samples of heart, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi and psoas major) tissue were retained. Total Se concentration in whole blood and tissues was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in HSY lambs at all time points that had previously received long-term exposure to high dietary concentrations of SY. The distribution of total Se and the proportions of total Se comprised as SeMet and SeCys differed between tissues, treatment and time points. Total Se was greatest in HSY liver and kidney (22.64 and 18.96 mg Se per kg DM, respectively) and SeCys comprised the greatest proportion of total Se. Conversely, cardiac and skeletal muscle (longissimus dorsi and psoas major) tissues had lower total Se concentration (10.80, 7.02 and 7.82 mg Se per kg DM, respectively) and SeMet was the predominant selenised amino acid. Rates of Se clearance in HSY liver (307 μg Se per day) and kidney (238 μg Se per day) were higher compared with HSY cardiac tissue (120 μg Se per day) and skeletal muscle (20 μg Se per day). In conclusion, differences in Se clearance rates were different between tissue types, reflecting the relative metabolic activity of each tissue, and appear to be dependent on the proportions of total Se comprised as either SeMet or SeCys.
Transforming growth factor-<i>beta</i> production by synovial tissues from rheumatoid patients and streptococcal cell wall arthritic rats. Studies on secretion by synovial fibroblast-like cells and immunohistologic localization. (1989)

The growth of synovial fibroblast-like cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and rats with streptococcal cell wall (SCW)-induced arthritis in vitro under anchorage-independent conditions is inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Because this growth factor is present in rheumatoid synovial fluids, we studied whether this cytokine might be secreted by cells in rheumatoid synovial tissue. We show that synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and rats with SCW-induced arthritis, contain TGF-beta-1 mRNA. TGF-beta, predominantly type 1, was spontaneously secreted in vitro by synovial tissue explants and synovial fibroblast-like cells. In addition, TGF-beta could be detected immunohistochemically in cells throughout rheumatoid and SCW-induced arthritic rat synovial tissues. Finally, exogenous TGF-beta induced collagen and inhibited collagenase mRNA levels by cultured synoviocytes. These data support an autocrine role for TGF-beta in the regulation of synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis and, in light of its demonstrated effects on the immune system, suggest that TGF-beta might also have important paracrine effects on infiltrating inflammatory cells.
A Case Report of Direct Puncture in Arteriovenous Graft Patient with Venous Anastomotic Occlusion (2022)

. . , . . transseptal needle [1], Rosch-Uchida needle [2], Chiba needle [3] . . . arteriovenous graft (AVG)
Investigation of gastroprotective compounds at subcellular level in isolated gastric mucosal cells (2000)

We tested the hypothesis that recognized gastroprotective agents exert direct protection against ethanol-induced injury in isolated rat gastric mucosal cells in vitro. If protection exists, we also wanted to identify subcellular targets in the reversible and/or irreversible stages of cell injury. Ethanol-induced cell injury was quantified by measuring plasma membrane leakage (trypan blue exclusion and lactate dehydrogenase release), mitochondrial integrity (succinic dehydrogenase), and nuclear damage (ethidium bromide-DNA fluorescence). Initial cell viability and responsiveness were estimated by the effects of carbachol, carbachol + atropine, or 16,16-dimethyl-PGE(2) on chief cell pepsinogen secretion. Enriched parietal cells were stimulated by histamine, carbachol, or histamine + IBMX. Preincubation of cells with PG, sucrose octasulfate, or the sulfhydryl compounds N-acetylcysteine, taurine, or cysteamine increased cell resistance </=21% against ethanol. Similar protection was found with low histamine concentrations, but a higher concentration aggravated ethanol toxicity. Other naturally occurring or synthetic gastroprotective agents offered partial protection or aggravated ethanol-induced cell injury. Only a few in vivo gastroprotective agents demonstrated in vitro direct cytoprotection, which involved mainly the reversible stage of cell injury (e.g., plasma membrane changes) and, less often, irreversible (e.g., mitochondrial and nuclear) damage. Our findings also indicate that a major part of the beneficial effect of gastroprotective agents is expressed at the tissue level.
Dispersion-free single-mode fibre in 1.5 μm wavelength region (1979)

The design of zero-dispersion single-mode silica fibre in the ultimate-minimum-loss wavelength region of the 1.5 μm wavelength is presented; the method used is the mutual cancellation of the material and waveguide dispersion. The baseband frequency response in the wavelength region is discussed by taking the core elliptical deformation into account.
A theoretical prediction of friction drag reduction in turbulent flow by superhydrophobic surfaces (2006)

We present a theoretical prediction for the drag reduction rate achieved by superhydrophobic surfaces in a turbulent channel flow. The predicted drag reduction rate is in good agreement with results obtained from direct numerical simulations at Reτ≃180 and 400. The present theory suggests that large drag reduction is possible also at Reynolds numbers of practical interest (Reτ∼105–106) by employing a hydrophobic surface, which induces a slip length on the order of ten wall units or more.
The Shakespeare Film as Record: Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree (1952)

Journal Article The Shakespeare Film as Record: Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree Get access Robert Hamilton Ball Robert Hamilton Ball Queens College of the City of New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Shakespeare Quarterly, Volume 3, Issue 3, Summer 1952, Pages 227–236, https://doi.org/10.2307/2866301 Published: 01 July 1952
Clean grain boundaries in aluminium nitride ceramics densified without additives by a plasma-activated sintering process (1994)

Abstract High-purity aluminium nitride (AlN) powders of submicron size were consolidated to almost theoretical density in minutes at 1800°C using a plasma-activated sintering (PAS) process. The structure and microchemistry of grain boundaries in this polycrystalline material (average grain size, about 0.43 μm), sintered without additives commonly used in the densification of ceramics, was examined by high-resolution electron microscopy and high-spatial-resolution electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The grain boundaries were ‘clean’ down to atomic-scale resolution and revealed AIN grain-to-grain contacts throughout the material; EELS data show no evidence for significant oxygen at grain boundaries or at grain triple junctions. A low density of oxygen-containing inversion domain boundaries were found in the grains, and they are thought to be formed to accommodate small amounts of oxygen (about 0.82 at.%) during the PAS consolidation process. The observed clean grain boundaries suggest that the plasma activation step in the PAS process efficiently removes impurities and/or oxide layers prior to rapid densification.
Presence and Significance of Two Diastereomers of<i>β</i>-Methyl-<i>γ</i>-octalactone in Aged Distilled Liquors (1974)

Two diastereomers of β-methyl-γ-octalactone were identified as aging aroma substances from the neutral ethyl acetate extract of aged brandy. It was shown by means of gas liquid chromatography that they were derived from the oak barrels and were accumulated in the distilled liquor during the aging process. The organoleptic threshold of cis-lactone was 0.79 ppm and that of trans-lactone was 0.067 ppm. The aroma of cis-lactone was more fragrant than that of trans-lactone. The amount of β-methyl-γ-octalactone in various wood powders was determined comparatively, and the precursor of the lactone was identified in oak wood. Moreover, a positive correlation between the organoleptic evaluation of whisky and the amount of trans-lactone was recognized.
Development of a Novel Chemical-Looping Combustion:  Synthesis of a Looping Material with a Double Metal Oxide of CoO−NiO (1998)

A new material as a solid looping reactant for a novel chemical-looping combustion may lead to a new technology for mitigation of greenhouse gas and efficient use of energy. In this study, we have identified the fundamental features of several looping materials, which experience both reduction (fuel with metal oxide) and oxidation (the reduced metal with air), by using a thermogravimetric reactor (TGR). Furthermore, by synergetic combination of nickel oxide with cobalt oxide, we have synthesized a new looping material by use of a double metal oxide and by addition of YSZ. We found that this new looping material of CoO−NiO/YSZ has an excellent performance in high reactivity, complete avoidance of carbon deposition, and good repeatability. This finding supports the fact that this new solid reactant obtained here is a suitable looping material for application of the chemical-looping combustion.
Evaluation of part of speech tagging on Persian text (2007)

One of the fundamental tasks in natural language processing is part of speech (POS) tagging. A POS tagger is a piece of software that reads text in some language and assigns a part of speech tag to each one of the words. Our main interest in this research was to see how easy it is to apply methods used in a language such as English to a new and different language such as Persian (Farsi) and what would be the performance of such approaches. This paper presents evaluation of several part of speech tagging methods on Persian text. These are a statistical tagging method, a memory based tagging approach and two different versions of Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) tagging on Persian text. The two MLE versions differ in the way they handle the unknown words. We also demonstrate the value of simple heuristics and post-processing in improving the accuracy of these methods. These experiments have been conducted on a manually part of speech tagged Persian corpus with over two million tagged words. The results of the experiments are encouraging and comparable with the other languages such as English, German or Spanish 1. 1
Identification and Characterization of Novel Estrogen Receptor-β-Sparing Antiprogestins (2002)

The steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone together regulate the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system. The actions of these two hormones are mediated by their respective nuclear receptors located within overlapping cell populations in target organs. The molecular mechanism of action of these two hormones has been defined to a large extent using estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) antagonists. In the case of ER, the available antagonists are highly receptor selective. With respect to PR, however, the available antiprogestins also interact with the receptors for glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. Whereas these cross-reactivities can usually be managed in studies of female reproductive function, it is the recent demonstration that RU486 is an effective antagonist of the beta-isoform of ER that suggested the need for more selective antiprogestins. In this study, we used cell-based transcriptional assays combined with screens using coactivator peptide analogs to identify two novel classes of antiprogestins that distinguish themselves from the antiprogestin RU486 in the manner they interact with PR. One class exhibits the characteristics of a pure antiprogestin in that its members bind to the receptor and induce a conformational change that prevents the presentation of two potential coactivator binding surfaces on the protein. The second class of compounds distinguish themselves from RU486 in that they are ERbeta sparing. When tested in vivo the ER-sparing antiprogestins were as effective as RU486 in suppressing superovulation. It is anticipated that the availability of these new antiprogestins will advance the studies of PR pharmacology in a manner similar to how the availability of selective ER modulators has helped the study of ER action.
Lifespan-Extending Effects of Royal Jelly and Its Related Substances on the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (2011)

These results demonstrate that RJ and its related substances extend lifespan in C. elegans, suggesting that RJ may contain longevity-promoting factors. Further analysis and characterization of the lifespan-extending agents in RJ and pRJ may broaden our understanding of the gene network involved in longevity regulation in diverse species and may lead to the development of nutraceutical interventions in the aging process.
Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of a combination of indinavir, lopinavir and ritonavir in multiply pretreated HIV-1 infected adults. (2006)

indinavir/lopinavir/ritonavir 800/400/ 100mg twice daily represents a therapy option with an adequate safety but only short term efficacy for extensively pretreated patients.
A Nationwide Survey of UK Oncologists’ Views on the Choice of Radiotherapy Regime for the Reconstructed Chest Wall in Breast Cancer Patients (2017)

<i>Aims</i>. This paper describes a UK survey of the choice of radiotherapy regime for the reconstructed chest wall in breast cancer patients. Questions focused on which fractionation regime consultants choose, their reasons for this, whether the type of reconstruction influences their choice, and whether bolus is used in patients who have undergone immediate reconstructive surgery. <i>Materials and Methods</i>. Between July 2014 and July 2015 a survey was sent by email to UK consultant radiation oncologists treating breast cancer. <i>Results</i>. The response rate was 73%. 67% of respondents use 40 Gray (Gy) in 15 fractions, with 22% using 50 Gy in 25 fractions and 7% using other regimes. For 90% of consultants the type of reconstruction did not influence their decision regarding choice of fractionation. 83% of respondents do not usually use a bolus for chest wall radiotherapy in patients who have had immediate reconstructive surgery. <i>Conclusions</i>. This survey illustrates there is variation in practice in the management of patients with breast cancer who have undergone immediate reconstructive surgery in the UK. There is a need for further research to determine which fractionation regime is optimal, whether the type of surgery is relevant, and whether bolus should be added.
A NEW VARIANT OF FOOD POISONING: ENTEROINVASIVE KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE AND ESCHERICHIA COLI SEPSIS FROM A CONTAMINATED HAMBURGER (1998)

For the first time, we report Klebsiella pneumoniae as an enteroinvasive food-borne pathogen transmitted from a hamburger. A 28-year-old previously healthy African-American male ingested a portion of a hamburger from a fast food chain. Symptoms of gastroenteritis rapidly deteriorated to multiorgan failure. Blood and hamburger cultures grew Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Since Klebsiella had not previously been reported as enteroinvasive, the isolates were compared. Full biochemical profiles, antimicrobial sensitivity, plasmid profile, and toxin assay by DNA hybridization probe were completely concordant. The patient survived the episode of food-borne sepsis. Deliberate or inadvertent employee contamination of food products with feces may be a potential source of life-threatening food-borne illness.
Synthesis and characterization of a new organo–inorganic poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) PEDOT/V2O5 nanocomposite by intercalation (2001)

We have developed a novel nanocomposite material, PEDOT/V2O5 by inserting poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) PEDOT in V2O5 layers using oxidative polymerization/intercalation in air. A systematic study of the synthesis of the nanocomposites by direct in situ reaction of 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) with V2O5 fine powder shows that upon intercalation, the interlayer spacing of V2O5 expands in two stages, i.e., first from 4.32 to 13.84 Å and further to 19.04 Å. The interlayer separation is consistent with the existence of two phases in the PEDOT/V2O5 system corresponding to the intercalation of one and two monolayers of PEDOT, respectively, in the V2O5 framework. The unique properties of the organo–inorganic composites are investigated by electronic conductivity measurements, X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and SEM. The application potential of these composites as cathode materials in rechargeable lithium batteries is also demonstrated by the electrochemical intercalation of lithium into the PEDOT/V2O5 nanocomposites, where an enhancement in the discharge capacity (240 mA h g−1) is observed compared to that (140 mA h g−1) observed for V2O5.
Predicting the Collection Efficiency of Agglomerates in Fibrous Filters (1999)

Particle collection in fibrous filters is a very complex problem in filtration theory, and therefore spherical particles are mainly considered. Nevertheless, real particles often have a complicated structure, which influences their deposition behavior. The equivalent diameter concept can be used to account for non-sphericity. We predict the penetration of carbon agglomerates through fibrous filters using a model for spheres and suitable equivalent diameters for the agglomerates. In addition, penetration measurements were performed through a glass fiber filter and a non-woven stainless-steel wire filter. The measured penetrations agreed well with the calculations.
NEW APPROACH TO SHARING DATA IN SOCIAL NETWORKS (1990)

While most schemes that support information sharing on computers rely on formal protocols, in practice much cooperative work takes place using informal means of communication, even chance encounters. This paper proposes a new method of enabling information sharing in loosely-coupled socially-organized systems, typically involving personal rather than institutional computers and lacking the network infrastructure that is generally taken for granted in distributed computing. It is based on the idea of arranging for information transmission to take place as an unobtrusive side-effect of interpersonal communication. Update conflicts are avoided by an information ownership scheme. Under mild assumptions, we show how the distributed database satisfies the property of observational consistency. The new idea, called "Liveware", is not so much a specific piece of technology as a fresh perspective on information sharing that stimulates new ways of solving old problems. Being general, it transcends particular distribution technologies. A prototype database, implemented in HyperCard and taking the form of an electronic directory, utilizes the medium of floppy disk to spread information in a (benign!) virus-like manner.
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis (1999)

In Band VII der Geschichte der Philosophie, der nun in zweiter, verbesserter und stark ergänzter Auflage erscheint, behandelt Wolfgang Röd die Philosophie der frühen Neuzeit von Francis Bacon bis Spinoza. Seine besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt dabei vor allem dem Verhältnis von Philosophie und Wissenschaft - Galilei ist ein eigenes Kapitel gewidmet - und der Auseinandersetzung mit den politischen und sozialen Veränderungen zu Beginn der Neuzeit.
Integrating Communication and Navigation: Next Generation Broadcast Service (NGBS) (2017)

NASA Goddard has been investing in technology demonstrations of a beacon service, now called Next Generation Broadcast Services (NGBS). NGBS is a global, space-based, communications and navigation service for users of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS). NGBS will provide an S-band beacon messaging source and radio navigation available to users at orbital altitudes 1400 km and below, increasing the autonomy and resiliency of onboard communication and navigation. NGBS will deliver both one-way radiometric (Doppler and pseudorange) and fast forward data transport services to users. Portions of the overall forward data volume will be allocated for fixed message types while the remaining data volume will be left for user forward command data. The NGBS signal will reside within the 2106.43 MHz spectrum currently allocated for the Space Networks multiple access forward (MAF) service and a live service demonstration is currently being planned via the 2nd and 3rd generation TDRS satellites.