gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User Centric Walk: An Integrated Approach for Modeling the Browsing Behavior of Users on the Web (2005)

The performance evaluation of Web applications usually requires the analysis of sequences of user requests for specific Web pages. These sequences can be obtained, for example, by applying empirical methods (recording the real sequence of requests), or by applying a formal model for generating synthetic results. In this paper, we present our Web browsing model and its implementation as part of our novel user centric walk algorithm. By taking into account the hyperlink structure as well as the different user behavior on the Web, user centric walk allows us to generate accurate synthetic data that can be used instead of empirically obtained requests. Additionally, in this paper we show using empirical data that the probability of choosing some hyperlink from a given page as well as the probability of a user leaving a page without following a hyperlink is best characterized by a power-law. Finally, we show the flexibility and applicability of our model by performing the required correlations to empirical data, in order to validate our approach.
GPI-Anchor Synthesis in Mammalian Cells: Genes, Their Products, and a Deficiency (1997)

Protein GPI anchors are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells. More than 50 mammalian proteins are anchored to the membrane via GPI. GPI anchoring is a posttranslational modification occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum where preassembled GPI anchor precursors are transferred to proteins bearing a C-terminal GPI signal sequence. The GPI anchor precursors are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum by sequential addition of sugar and other components to phosphatidylinositol. More than ten genes participate in this biosynthetic pathway, eleven of the mammalian genes having been cloned by means of complementation of mutant cells that are defective in this pathway or based on sequence homology to previously cloned yeast counterparts. A somatic mutation in one of those genes, PIG-A, involved in the first reaction step, is responsible for the hemolytic disease, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
A novel self-exited self-regulated single phase induction generator. II. Experimental investigation (1993)

Part I of this paper presents the basic system, theoretical modelling and typical test results of a novel self-excited self regulated induction generator. In this part, the results of a detailed experimental investigation are presented to assess its suitability for practical applications. The steady state performance of the self-excited single phase induction generator, maintaining the terminal voltage within a close range is investigated under realistic loading conditions in the laboratory. Detailed experimental results are presented and discussed. Necessary tests to obtain machine parameters for theoretical modelling are also developed and relevant results of the prototype presented. The effects of series and shunt capacitors, prime mover speed, load and load power factor are investigated. It has been shown to exhibit a better voltage waveform as compared to commercially available sets. The experimental results confirm that this new generating system can be favourably employed for use as a small portable generator driven by nearly constant speed prime movers such as oil engines or hydro turbines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Stuttering: an update for physicians. (2000)

Stuttering is a disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech. Developmental stuttering (DS), with or without associated psychiatric illness, is the most common form and includes all cases with gradual onset in childhood that are not the result of acquired brain damage. Persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) is DS that has not undergone spontaneous or speech-therapy-induced remission. Organic models of DS focus on incomplete lateralization or abnormal cerebral dominance. There is also evidence that DS has a significant genetic component to its cause. Neuroimaging research data and the effectiveness of dopamine receptor antagonists in DS seem to support the theory of a hyperdopaminergic origin. Speech therapy remains the main treatment for DS; however, antidepressants can be useful in selected cases. Risperidone, a serotonin-dopamine antagonist, has been shown to be more effective than placebo in decreasing the severity of stuttering. The long-term efficacy and safety of serotonin-dopamine antagonists in DS deserve further study.
Heterogeneity of infection enhancement of dengue 2 strains by monoclonal antibodies. (1984)

Seven dengue (DEN) 2 virus strains were studied for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection in P388D1 mouse macrophage-like cells by using a panel of five DEN 2 monoclonal antibodies. DEN 2 strains were of diverse temporal, geographic, and disease origins. By hemagglutination inhibition and a plaque-reduction neutralization test in LLC-MK2 cells, two of the monoclonal antibodies were type specific and three were flavivirus group reactive. In LLC-MK2 cells, the seven DEN 2 viruses each were neutralized by all five monoclonal antibodies. In P388D1 cells, two DEN 2 strains were enhanced by only three monoclonal antibodies, two by four antibodies, and three by all five antibodies, demonstrating that in some instances enhancement is epitope related and not a concentration-dependent function of virus-antibody interactions. However, ADE did not segregate with determinants exhibiting either the flavivirus group or the dengue type specificity. The presence or absence of enhancement determinants on DEN 2 strains did not correlate with the geographic origin of virus or the severity of disease yielding the strain. The heterogeneous distribution of enhancement determinants may provide a valence mechanism contributing to a multiple increase of infection enhancement in macrophages.
Uptake of aminotriazole from humectant‐surfactant combinations and the influence of humidity (1978)

Abstract Uptake of aminotriazole (3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole) by bean leaves ( Phaseolus vulgaris var. Canadian Wonder) was not greatly influenced by the addition to the spray solution of dimethylformamide (DMF), ethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol 400 (PPG 400) over the concentration range 1.0–50.0 ml litre −1 . However, the addition of polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20) (0.2–1.0 g litre −1 ) to spray solutions of the above additives and glycerol (5.0 ml litre −1 ; except for DMF, 50.0 ml litre −1 ) substantially increased uptake to 80–100% in all cases at 50 ± 10% relative humidity (r.h.). Similar penetration figures were recorded when a range of polysorbate surfactants (polysorbate 20, 40, 60, 80 and 85; 0.2 g litre −1 ) were applied to spray solutions containing either dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) or glycerol (5.0 ml litre −1 ). Humidity was found to have a critical effect upon the humectant‐surfactant combinations tested, i.e. DMSO + polysorbate 20, ethylene glycol+ polysorbate 20 and PPG + 400‐polysorbate 20 (5.0 ml litre −1 +0.2 g litre −1 ). With DMSO + polysorbate 20 the following uptake figures were recorded: < 30% r.h., 3.1 %; 45 ± 10% r.h., 86.8%; 55–65% r.h., 48.2 % and 100% r.h., 0.3%. Similar trends were recorded with all three humectant‐surfactant combinations. Further studies revealed that the adverse effect of humidity on DMSO‐polysorbate mixtures could be at least overcome partially by regulating the DMSO concentration.
An overview of the effects of annexin 1 on cells involved in the inflammatory process (2005)

The concept of anti-inflammation is currently evolving with the definition of several endogenous inhibitory circuits that are important in the control of the host inflammatory response. Here we focus on one of these pathways, the annexin 1 (ANXA1) system. Originally identified as a 37 kDa glucocorticoid-inducible protein, ANXA1 has emerged over the last decade as an important endogenous modulator of inflammation. We review the pharmacological effects of ANXA1 on cell types involved in inflammation, from blood-borne leukocytes to resident cells. This review reveals that there is scope for more research, since most of the studies have so far focused on the effects of the protein and its peptido-mimetics on neutrophil recruitment and activation. However, many other cells central to inflammation, e.g. endothelial cells or mast cells, also express ANXA1: it is foreseen that a better definition of the role(s) of the endogenous protein in these cells will open the way to further pharmacological studies. We propose that a more systematic analysis of ANXA1 physio-pharmacology in cells involved in the host inflammatory reaction could aid in the design of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics based on this endogenous mediator.
La República imprescindible para la democracia y la libertad. Encuentro Estatal de Servicios de Orientación y Asistencia Jurídica Penitenciaria (2009)

En el mes de noviembre se ha celebrado en Valladolid el XI Encuentro Estatal de Servicios de Orientacion y Asistencia Juridica Penitenciaria en el que han participado cerca de un centenar de abogados procedentes de todos los puntos de la Peninsula, con representacion de colegiados de Catalunya, Galicia y Euskadi.
Nicotinates as derivatives for the mass spectrometric investigation of long chain alcohols (1981)

Abstract The mass spectra of the nicotinates of two methyl branched and one unsaturated long chain alcohol were compared with the mass spectra of the underivatized alcohols and of their trimethylsilyl ethers. It is shown that the structure of the chain is much more clearly shown by the spectra of the nicotinates than in the other spectra.
Analysis of left ventricular function from multiple gated acquisition cardiac blood pool imaging. Comparison to contrast angiography. (1977)

Global ventricular function was evaluated by both multiple gated cardiac blood pool scans (MUGA) and contrast ventriculograms in a group of 17 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. The contrast ventriculograms were analyzed frame by frame to generate a volume versus time curve for each patient, while the tracer data were analyzed by two methods: 1) the standard method, in which the left ventricle is identified on the end-diastolic frame and the background corrected activity under the region of interest obtained from the entire cardiac cycle, and displayed as a time versus activity curve; and 2) by a semi-automatic method in which the computer applies a threshold detection program to define the ventricular borders, and activity in the chamber at each point in the cardiac cycle is defined after background correction. The tracer data in each patient were analyzed independently by four observers. The tracer data correlated with the contrast data on a point by point basis r = 0.87 for the standard method, and 0.93 for the semi-automatic technique. An F test of variance revealed the semi-automatic method superior to the standard approach (P less than 0.05).
Role of the single disulphide bond of β<sub>2</sub>‐microglobulin in amyloidosis in vitro (2001)

The aggregation of beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m) into amyloid fibrils occurs in the condition known as dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA). The protein has a beta-sandwich fold typical of the immunoglobulin family, which is stabilized by a highly conserved disulphide bond linking Cys25 and Cys80. Oxidized beta(2)m forms amyloid fibrils rapidly in vitro at acidic pH and high ionic strength. Here we investigate the role of the single disulphide bond of beta(2)m in amyloidosis in vitro. We show that reduction of the disulphide bond destabilizes the native protein such that non-native molecules are populated at neutral pH. These species are prone to oligomerization but do not form amyloid fibrils when incubated for up to 8 mo at pH 7.0 in 0.4 M NaCl. Over the pH range 4.0-1.5 in the presence of 0.4 M NaCl, however, amyloid fibrils of reduced beta(2)m are formed. These fibrils are approximately 10 nm wide, but are shorter and assemble more rapidly than those produced from the oxidized protein. These data show that population of non-native conformers of beta(2)m at neutral pH by reduction of its single disulphide bond is not sufficient for amyloid formation. Instead, association of one or more specific partially unfolded molecules formed at acid pH are necessary for the formation of beta(2)m amyloid in vitro. Further experiments will now be needed to determine the role of different oligomeric species of beta(2)m in the toxicity of the protein in vivo.
BLOOD PRESSURE LOWERING IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: RESULTS OF THE PROGRESS (PERINDOPRIL PROTECTION AGAINST RECURRENT STROKE STUDY) PILOT PHASE (1996)

1. Among patients with cerebrovascular disease, there is a direct and continuous association between blood pressure and the risk of stroke, but previous trials of blood pressure lowering in this patient group have been inconclusive. 2. PROGRESS (Perindopril Protection Against Recurrent Stroke Study) is a multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that aims to determine reliably the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-based blood pressure lowering on stroke risk in patients with a history of cerebrovascular disease. If a 4 week run-in period on active perindopril is well tolerated, participants are randomized to either perindopril (4 mg) +/- indapamide (2.5 mg) or matching placebo(s). The primary study outcome is stroke and follow-up is for a minimum of 4 years. 3. For the pilot study nearly 5000 medical records were screened and 60 patients with recent cerebrovascular events were approached directly in hospital or at a clinic visit. Sixty-seven patients entered the run-in phase (52 from retrospective screening and 15 by prospective approach) and 60 patients proceeded to randomization. Treatment with perindopril was well tolerated; only three patients were withdrawn due to side effects and four were withdrawn for other reasons. The mean age of randomized patients was 68 years; 70% were male and 55% were 'non-hypertensive'. The mean entry blood pressure was 142/83 mmHg and following pre-randomization treatment this was reduced by 7/4 mmHg. 4. Most patients were identified by retrospective review of medical records, but this was less efficient than prospective methods. Blood pressure lowering was well tolerated by both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients with cerebrovascular disease. The small numbers of patients and the non-randomized nature of the data reported limit the conclusions that can be drawn, but the results confirm the feasibility of the main study.
Cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic toxicities complicating tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia: Strategies for monitoring, detecting, and managing (2018)

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm, the incidence of which increases with age. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the mainstay of CML treatment, including imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib. Beyond matching patient disease profiles with TKI specificity, differences in the efficacy and toxicity profiles and a patient's comorbid risk factors should be considered when selecting the most appropriate agent. Our objectives are to review the incidence and severity of cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary disorders associated with these TKIs, highlighting differences in adverse event profiles, suggested risk-mitigation strategies, and guidance for TKI selection in different settings. Patients receiving TKI agents for CML should be monitored for signs and symptoms of toxicity throughout therapy. Preemptive assessment, early toxicity recognition, and prompt management of cardiovascular, metabolic, and pulmonary toxicities can minimize treatment-limiting complications and improve outcomes in patients with CML.
The Syntheses, Paper Chromatography and Substrate Specificity for Tyrosinase of 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6- and 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylalanines<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Syntheses, Paper Chromatography and Substrate Specificity for Tyrosinase of 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6- and 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylalanines1John P. LambooyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 1, 133–138Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01630a037https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01630a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views381Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Bundling of microtubules by glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase and its modulation by ATP (1985)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from different origins (brain, muscle, erythrocytes) binds to microtubules polymerized from pure brain tubulin and causes bundle formation in vitro. ATP is shown to dissociate these bundles into individual microtubules, while the dehydrogenase is not displaced from the polymers by this nucleotide. ATP can be replaced by adenosine 5'-(beta, gamma-imido]triphosphate, a nonhydrolyzable analog of ATP. These data are interpreted in terms of dissociation of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase tetramer into dimers by ATP. The enzyme is also efficiently purified by a tubulin-Sepharose affinity chromatography.
Highlighting interventions and user differences (2014)

There is increasing evidence that the effectiveness of information visualization techniques can be impacted by the particular needs and abilities of each user. This suggests that it is important to investigate information visualization systems that can dynamically adapt to each user. In this paper, we address the question of how to adapt. In particular, we present a study to evaluate a variety of visual prompts, called "interventions", that can be performed on a visualization to help users process it. Our results show that some of the tested interventions perform better than a condition in which no intervention is provided, both in terms of task performance as well as subjective user ratings. We also discuss findings on how intervention effectiveness is influenced by individual differences and task complexity.
Compressive Sensing of Foot Gait Signals and Its Application for the Estimation of Clinically Relevant Time Series (2015)

A new signal reconstruction algorithm for compressive sensing based on the minimization of a pseudonorm which promotes block-sparse structure on the first-order difference of the signal is proposed. Involved optimization is carried out by using a sequential version of Fletcher-Reeves' conjugate-gradient algorithm, and the line search is based on Banach's fixed-point theorem. The algorithm is suitable for the reconstruction of foot gait signals which admit block-sparse structure on the first-order difference. An additional algorithm for the estimation of stride-interval, swing-interval, and stance-interval time series from the reconstructed foot gait signals is also proposed. This algorithm is based on finding zero crossing indices of the foot gait signal and using the resulting indices for the computation of time series. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that the proposed signal reconstruction algorithm yields improved signal-to-noise ratio and requires significantly reduced computational effort relative to several competing algorithms over a wide range of compression ratio. For a compression ratio in the range from 88% to 94%, the proposed algorithm is found to offer improved accuracy for the estimation of clinically relevant time-series parameters, namely, the mean value, variance, and spectral index of stride-interval, stance-interval, and swing-interval time series, relative to its nearest competitor algorithm. The improvement in performance for compression ratio as high as 94% indicates that the proposed algorithms would be useful for designing compressive sensing-based systems for long-term telemonitoring of human gait signals.
Ultra-Flexible Advanced Stiffness Truss (U-FAST) for Large Solar Arrays (2016)

L.Garde is developing a lightweight Ultra-Flexible Advanced Stiffness Truss (U-FAST) that will prove to have greater structural mass efficiency than state of the art large space structures. The truss uses the concentrated strain architecture with novel high strain composite tape-spring flexures to replace mechanical hinges. The truss also employs advanced thin-walled tubular longerons that increase the structural hierarchy of the truss over more commonly used solid rods. The flexure hinges have higher effective compressive strain values in bending than traditional metallic tape-springs allowing for thicker hinges with greater buckling strength. The tubes and hinges are made of intermediate modulus carbon and glass fiber composites and have densities not greater than 1,600 kg/m. The estimated truss mass per length is 0.75 kg/m and the design linear compaction ratio is 100:1.
Image-based crystal detection: a machine-learning approach (2008)

The ability of computers to learn from and annotate large databases of crystallization-trial images provides not only the ability to reduce the workload of crystallization studies, but also an opportunity to annotate crystallization trials as part of a framework for improving screening methods. Here, a system is presented that scores sets of images based on the likelihood of containing crystalline material as perceived by a machine-learning algorithm. The system can be incorporated into existing crystallization-analysis pipelines, whereby specialists examine images as they normally would with the exception that the images appear in rank order according to a simple real-valued score. Promising results are shown for 319 112 images associated with 150 structures solved by the Joint Center for Structural Genomics pipeline during the 2006-2007 year. Overall, the algorithm achieves a mean receiver operating characteristic score of 0.919 and a 78% reduction in human effort per set when considering an absolute score cutoff for screening images, while incurring a loss of five out of 150 structures.