gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time Courses of Carbachol-Induced Responses in Guinea Pig Atria Under the Influence of Ouabain, Calcium, and Rate of Stimulation (1979)

Summary The response of isolated left atria of guinea pigs to carbachol was measured in the presence and during washout of the drug. The time courses of the negative inotropic effect and of the rate of shortening in action potential duration were compared. The initial rapid decline in force of contraction was followed by a slowly developing partial recovery (fading). After removal of the drug, a transient phase of hypercontractility was observed before the control level was reached again. In contrast to the mechanical effect, the drug-induced shortening of the action potential duration proceeded monophasically. The fading and hypercontractility phenomena shown by the mechanical response to the drug were influenced by the stimulation rate and by the presence of ouabain. From the dissociation of electrical and mechanical effects it is concluded that fading and hypercontractility are not due to changes of receptor sensitivity but reflect a change in cellular calcium distribution.
An Intelligent Data Analysis for Recommendation Systems Using Machine Learning (2019)

In recent times, selection of a suitable hotel location and reservation of accommodation have become a critical issue for the travelers. The online hotel search has been increased at a very fast pace and became very time-consuming due to the presence of huge amount of online information. Recommender systems (RSs) are getting importance due to their significance in making decisions and providing detailed information about the required product or a service. To acquire the hotel recommendations while dealing with textual hotel reviews, numerical ranks, votes, ratings, and number of video views have become difficult. To generate true recommendations, we have proposed an intelligent approach which also deals with large-sized heterogeneous data to fulfill the needs of the potential customers. The collaborative filtering (CF) approach is one of the most popular techniques of the RS to generate recommendations. We have proposed a novel CF recommendation approach in which opinion-based sentiment analysis is used to achieve hotel feature matrix by polarity identification. Our approach combines lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis to understand sentiment towards hotel features and the profiling of guest type (solo, family, couple etc). The proposed system recommends hotels based on the hotel features and guest type for personalized recommendation. The developed system not only has the ability to handle heterogeneous data using big data Hadoop platform but it also recommends hotel class based on guest type using fuzzy rules. Different experiments are performed over the real-world datasets obtained from two hotel websites. Moreover, the values of precision and recall and F-measure have been calculated, and the results are discussed in terms of improved accuracy and response time, significantly better than the traditional approaches.
Edge Detection in Simple Scenes Using a Priori Information (1973)

A system of programs is described for the detection of the straight edge lines in simple scenes. Distinct lines are detected by a procedure that is relatively inexpensive. The more subtle lines are then located by a search that is much more costly per unit area, but which is only applied to certain areas suggested by the locations of the lines already found. The considerable efficiency of this approach to edge detection is discussed both theoretically and in relation to the performance of the present system. The heuristics used in proposing possible subtle lines are described in detail. In addition, considerable attention is devoted to other aspects of the procedure such as: local edge-detection operators, vertex finding, and the extraction of lines from local evidence.
KeystoneML: Optimizing Pipelines for Large-Scale Advanced Analytics (2017)

Modern advanced analytics applications make use of machine learning techniques and contain multiple steps of domain-specific and general-purpose processing with high resource requirements. We present KeystoneML, a system that captures and optimizes the end-to-end large-scale machine learning applications for high-throughput training in a distributed environment with a high-level API. This approach offers increased ease of use and higher performance over existing systems for large scale learning. We demonstrate the effectiveness of KeystoneML in achieving high quality statistical accuracy and scalable training using real world datasets in several domains.
Verallgemeinerung, Spezialisierung, Analogie (1988)

Wir wollen noch einmal das in § 1.2 und 1.3 mit beträchtlicher Ausführlichkeit besprochene Beispiel von induktivem Schließen betrachten. Als erstes bemerkten wir die Analogie zwischen den drei Beziehungen 3 + 7 = 10, 3 + 17 = 20, 13 + 17 = 30; dann verallgemeinerten wir, indem wir von 3, 7, 13 und 17 zu allen Primzahlen aufstiegen, ebenso von 10, 20 und 30 zu allen geraden Zahlen, und dann spezialisierten wir unsere Betrachtungen wieder und stiegen herab zur Prüfung von besonderen geraden Zahlen wie 6 oder 8 oder 60.
A New Assay for Evaluating Hepatotoxicity and Cylotoxicity Using LDL-Uptake Activity of Liver Cells. (2000)

A rapid and sensitive bioassay for detecting cytotoxicity was developed in this study to be used in evaluating many kind of chemicals. This assay, based on the LDL (low density lipoprotein)-uptake activity of human hepatoblastoma cells, Hep G2, can evaluate cytotoxicity for 48h with high sensitivity and selectivity using a 96 well plate and a fluorescent plate reader. We evaluate the toxicity of 230 kinds of chemicals and formulate the dose response data by a simple mathematical equation. The toxicity parameters derived by the formulation had some correlations in terms of chemical groups, which were classified as aromatics, organics, metals, and so on.
Dual electroluminescence from a single‐component light‐emitting electrochemical cell, based on water‐soluble conjugated polymer (2006)

Abstract Poly [[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3‐sulfonatopropoxy)‐1, 4‐phenylene]‐1, 2‐ethenediyl] (MPS‐PPV) was an anionic water‐soluble conjugated polymer. A novel single‐component light‐emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) with an indium tin oxide/MPS‐PPV/aluminum sandwich structure has been successfully fabricated. MPS‐PPV serves as both luminescent material and ionic conductor in the active layer. Electroluminescence can be observed under both forward and reverse bias with emission maxima at about 520 nm (green light). In particular, the device has a low turn‐on voltage of about +3V and −4V, and can sustain long‐term operations without much loss of efficiency at ambient conditions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2930–2936, 2006
Principles of Aeroelasticity (1963)

Keywords: aeroelasticite ; instationnaire ; structures Reference Record created on 2005-11-18, modified on 2016-08-08
StarWorks-a video applications server (2002)

The authors describe StarWorks, a video applications server software designed to support a wide range of digital video applications. The StarWorks system will allow existing network applications, such as databases and groupware applications, to add video support. These applications can take advantage of the video application services to support the real-time demands of streaming data. Attention is given to the StarWorks operating environment, client software, and server.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of creatine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue threshold and muscle strength in elderly men and women (64 - 86 years). (2008)

These findings suggest that 14 days of CR supplementation may increase upper body grip strength and increase physical working capacity by delaying neuromuscular fatigue in the elderly men and women in this study. While more research is needed, CR supplementation may improve upper body grip strength and lower body muscle endurance which may be important for maintaining health and independent living in elderly men and women.
A 32nm Westmere-EX Xeon<sup>&#x00AE;</sup> enterprise processor (2011)

The next-generation enterprise Xeon <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> processor consists of 10 Westmere 32nm cores and a shared inclusive L3 cache (LLC) integrated on a monolith ic die, with link-based l/Os. This paper focuses on the innovations and circuit optimizations over the predecessor targeting idle power reduction, robust high-speed I/O links, and performance per watt improvements. The processor is implemented in 32nm CMOS using high-κ metal gate transistors and nine cop per interconnect layers.
Sonar 8 Power (2001)

Sonar 8 Power! is the most recent edition of the best-selling Sonar Power book series providing detailed training for Cakewalk's Sonar 8 music recording software. Written for both new users and veteran upgraders alike, Sonar 8 Power! walks you through all of the features of the software with step-by-step instructions and exercises. New users will start at the beginning and learn everything they need to know to use Sonar 8 for recording, editing, producing, mixing, and bringing their music to the masses. Upgraders will learn about all the new features in Sonar 8 as well as enhancements to existing features that may affect their current production workflow.
An efficient collision detection methodology for virtual assembly (2002)

In the virtual assembly system, components are displayed and manipulated in a 3D environment using virtual reality interface technology. To reflect the real world constraint that more than one object cannot occupy the same space, a real time manipulation of component models in virtual assembly space requires a real time collision detection. In this paper, an efficient collision detection methodology using a collision class classification approach is presented.
Transcriptional Induction of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Osteoblasts Is Involved in Interleukin-6-Induced Osteoclast Formation* (1997)

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces osteoclast-like cell (osteoclast) formation in a dose-dependent fashion in cocultures of mouse bone marrow cells and osteoblastic cells when soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is present. Simultaneous treatment with submaximal doses of IL-1alpha and IL-6 with sIL-6R caused marked induction of osteoclast formation and PGE2 synthesis. These effects were suppressed by adding neutralizing antibodies against IL-1alpha or IL-6R and were totally abolished by adding nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, such as indomethacin and a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor (NS398). In mouse osteoblastic cells, both IL-1alpha and IL-6 with sIL-6R markedly induced messenger RNA expression of COX-2, but not COX-1, as determined by Northern blot analysis, and luciferase activity in cells stably transfected with a COX-2 promoter-luciferase fusion construct. IL-6 and sIL-6R, when added separately, did not stimulate COX-2 messenger RNA expression. Simultaneous addition of IL-1alpha and IL-6 with sIL-6R to osteoblast cultures cooperatively induced transcription of COX-2, which was associated with a marked increase in COX activity measured by the conversion of arachidonic acid into PGE2. The increased PGE2 synthesis by osteoblasts may play an important role in osteoclastogenesis induced by submaximal doses of IL-1 and IL-6.
Holographically corrected microscope with a large working distance (1998)

We present a design for a microscope with a simple objective lens with a high numerical aperture. The large amounts of aberrations present in the system are removed when a point-source image hologram isrecorded. The resultant instrument has a large working distance(>0.17 m) and a moderate field of view over a limited bandwidth. We demonstrate the application of this device to imaging submicrometer details inside a vacuum.
Differences in Electrochemistry between Fibrous SPAN and Fibrous S/C Cathodes Relevant to Cycle Stability and Capacity (2017)

Two different Li/S cathodes are compared in terms of capacity (mA.h.gsulfur−1) and intermediates during discharge and charge. One cathode material is based on fibrous SPAN, a sulfur-containing material obtained via the thermal conversion of poly(acrylonitrile), PAN, in the presence of sulfur. In this material, sulfur is covalently bound to the polymeric backbone. The second cathode material is based on porous activated carbon fibers (ACFs) with elemental sulfur embedded inside the ACFs' micropores. Cyclic voltammetry clearly indicates different discharge and charge chemistry of the two materials. While S-containing ACFs show the expected redox-chemistry of sulfur, SPAN does not form long-chain polysulfides during discharge; instead, sulfide is chopped off the polymer-bound sulfur chains to directly form Li2S. The high reversibility of this process accounts for both the high cycle stability and capacity of SPAN-based cathode materials.
Exercise without weight loss is an effective strategy for obesity reduction in obese individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes (2005)

It is unclear whether chronic exercise without caloric restriction or weight loss is a useful strategy for obesity reduction in obese men with and without Type 2 diabetes (T2D). We examined the effects of exercise without weight loss on total and regional adiposity and skeletal muscle mass and composition in lean men and in obese men with and without T2D. Twenty-four men participated in 13 wk of supervised aerobic exercise, five times per week for 60 min at a moderate intensity (approximately 60% peak oxygen uptake). Total and regional body composition was measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal muscle composition was determined using computed tomography. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a graded maximal treadmill test. Body weight did not change within any group in response to exercise (P > 0.1). Significant reductions in total, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral fat were observed within each group (P < 0.01). The reduction in total and abdominal subcutaneous fat was not different (P > 0.1) between groups; however, the reduction in visceral fat was greater (P < 0.01) in the obese and T2D groups by comparison to the lean group. A significant (P < 0.01) increase in total skeletal muscle, high-density muscle area, and mean muscle attenuation was observed independent of group, and these changes were not different between groups (P > 0.1). Accordingly, whole body fat-to-muscle ratio was increased (P < 0.01) independent of groups. In conclusion, regular exercise without weight loss is associated with a substantial reduction in total and visceral fat and in skeletal muscle lipid in both obesity and T2D.
Skp-cullin-F box E3 ligase component FBXL2 ubiquitinates Aurora B to inhibit tumorigenesis (2013)

Aurora B kinase is an integral regulator of cytokinesis, as it stabilizes the intercellular canal within the midbody to ensure proper chromosomal segregation during cell division. Here we identified that the ubiquitin E3 ligase complex SCF(FBXL2) mediates Aurora B ubiquitination and degradation within the midbody, which is sufficient to induce mitotic arrest and apoptosis. Three molecular acceptor sites (K¹⁰², K¹⁰³ and K²⁰⁷) within Aurora B protein were identified as important sites for its ubiquitination. A triple Lys mutant of Aurora B (K¹⁰²/¹⁰³/(²⁰⁷R)) exhibited optimal resistance to SCF(FBXL2)-directed polyubiquitination, and overexpression of this variant resulted in a significant delay in anaphase onset, resulting in apoptosis. A unique small molecule F-box/LRR-repeat protein 2 (FBXL2) activator, BC-1258, stabilized and increased levels of FBXL2 protein that promoted Aurora B degradation, resulting in tetraploidy, mitotic arrest and apoptosis of tumorigenic cells, and profoundly inhibiting tumor formation in athymic nude mice. These findings uncover a new proteolytic mechanism targeting a key regulator of cell replication that may serve as a basis for chemotherapeutic intervention in neoplasia.
New Product Development and the Venture Concept (1980)

Industrial venture systems have been devised and implemented for many years, but examination of the literature dealing with the concept shows a lack of consistency of definition. The “venture” label is freely applied to management styles which differ in important respects. Often, the only common feature is that the object of discussion is an industrial subgroup concerned with innovation. In particular, there is a marked failure to distinguish between venture systems in the USA and the quasi‐venture systems which tend to operate elsewhere.
Competing complexity metrics and adults' production of complex sentences (1992)

ABSTRACT The adequacy of 11 metrics for measuring linguistic complexity was evaluated by applying each metric to language samples obtained from 30 different adult speakers, aged 60–90 years. The analysis then determined how well each metric indexed age-group differences in complexity. In addition, individual differences in the complexity of adults' language were examined as a function of these complexity metrics using structural equation modeling techniques. In a follow-up study, judges listened to sentences in noise, rated their comprehensibility, and attempted to recall each sentence verbatim. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to evaluate the structural equation model, derived from the language samples, with respect to sentence comprehensibility and recall. While most of the metrics provided an adequate account of age-group and individual differences in complexity, the amount of embedding and the type of embedding proved to predict how easily sentences are understood and how accurately they are recalled.
Characterization of BAFF and APRIL subfamily receptors in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Potential role of the BAFF / APRIL axis in the pathogenesis of proliferative kidney disease (2017)

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a parasitic infection of salmonid fish characterized by hyper-secretion of immunoglobulins in response to the presence of the myxozoan parasite, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae. In this context, we hypothesized that the BAFF/APRIL axis, known to play a major role in B cell differentiation and survival in mammals, could be affected by the parasite and consequently be involved in the apparent shift in normal B cell activity. To regulate B cell activity, BAFF and APRIL bind to transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), whereas BAFF also binds to BAFF receptor (BAFF-R). In teleost fish, although some BAFF and APRIL sequences have been reported, their receptors have not been identified. Thus, as a first step in the current work, we have identified homologues to mammalian TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), that constitute the first report of BAFF and APRIL receptor sequences in fish. Subsequently we studied the transcriptional modulation of BAFF, APRIL, and the fish-specific related cytokine, BALM and their putative receptors in fish naturally exposed to T. bryosalmonae. Finally, to gain further insights on the functional role that these cytokines play during the course of PKD, we have studied their effect on the survival of kidney IgM+ B cells and on immunoglobulin transcription. Our results support the premise that the BAFF / APRIL axis could play an important role during PKD, which may open the possibility of new therapeutic treatments against the disease.
Learning Emoji Embeddings using Emoji Co-occurrence Network Graph (2018)

Usage of emoji in social media platforms has seen a rapid increase over the last few years. Majority of the social media posts are laden with emoji and users often use more than one emoji in a single social media post to express their emotions and to emphasize certain words in a message. Utilizing the emoji co-occurrence can be helpful to understand how emoji are used in social media posts and their meanings in the context of social media posts. In this paper, we investigate whether emoji co-occurrences can be used as a feature to learn emoji embeddings which can be used in many downstream applications such sentiment analysis and emotion identification in social media text. We utilize 147 million tweets which have emojis in them and build an emoji co-occurrence network. Then, we train a network embedding model to embed emojis into a low dimensional vector space. We evaluate our embeddings using sentiment analysis and emoji similarity experiments, and experimental results show that our embeddings outperform the current state-of-the-art results for sentiment analysis tasks.
The major laminin receptor of mouse embryonic stem cells is a novel isoform of the alpha 6 beta 1 integrin. (1991)

Laminin is the first extracellular matrix protein expressed in the developing mouse embryo. It is known to influence morphogenesis and affect cell migration and polarization. Several laminin receptors are included in the integrin family of extracellular matrix receptors. Ligand binding by integrin heterodimers results in signal transduction events controlling cell motility. We report that the major laminin receptor on murine embryonic stem (ES) cells is the integrin heterodimer alpha 6 beta 1, an important receptor for laminin in neurons, lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, platelets and other cell types. However, the cytoplasmic domain of the ES cell alpha 6 (alpha 6 B) differs totally from the reported cytoplasmic domain amino acid sequence of alpha 6 (alpha 6 A). Comparisons of alpha 6 cDNAs from ES cells and other cells suggest that the alpha 6 A and alpha 6 B cytoplasmic domains derive from alternative mRNA splicing. Anti-peptide antibodies to alpha 6 A are unreactive with ES cells, but react with mouse melanoma cells and embryonic fibroblasts. When ES cells are cultured under conditions that permit their differentiation, they become positive for alpha 6 A, concurrent with the morphologic appearance of differentiated cell types. Thus, expression of the alpha 6 B beta 1 laminin receptor may be favored in undifferentiated, totipotent cells, while the expression of alpha 6 A beta 1 receptor occurs in committed lineages. While the functions of integrin alpha chain cytoplasmic domains are not understood, it is possible that they contribute to transferring signals to the cell interior, e.g., by delivering cytoskeleton organizing signals in response to integrin engagement with extracellular matrix ligands. It is therefore reasonable to propose that the cellular responses to laminin may vary, according to what alpha subunit isoform (alpha 6 A or alpha 6 B) is expressed as part of the alpha 6 beta 1 laminin receptor. The switch from alpha 6 B to alpha 6 A, if confirmed in early embryos, could then be of striking potential relevance to the developmental role of laminin.