gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Azo Compounds.<sup>1</sup> An Eight-membered Cyclic Azo Compound (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAzo Compounds.1 An Eight-membered Cyclic Azo CompoundC. G. Overberger and I. TashlickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 1, 217–221Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01510a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01510a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views181Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Piezoelectric properties of (Bi <sub>1/2</sub> Na <sub>1/2</sub> )TiO <sub>3</sub> -based ceramics (1990)

Abstract Piezoelectric properties of bismuth sodium titanate, (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3 (BNT)-based solid solution, (Bi1/2Na1/2)(1−x)(St a Pb b Ca c ) x TiO3(a+b+c=1)(BNTX [100x−100a/100b/100c]), are studied as a new substrate material group of lead- free or low lead content piezoelectric ceramics. A rhombohedral (Fα)-tetragonal (Fβ) morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) is shown to exist at x =0.13 by X-ray diffraction data. BNTX ceramics are superior for piezoceramics in high frequency ultrasonic uses, with a lower free permittivity, ϵ33T/ϵ0 (=240 ∼ 340) and a high electromechanical coupling factor, k t or k 33 (=50%), along with a high mechanical strength. Acoustic wave characteristics of the BNTX[14-50/50/0], BNTX[13-0/75/25], and BNTX[1-0/0/100] demonstrate that the ceramics are a new substrate material group for a surface acoustic wave and/or a bulk acoustic wave. Two interdigital transducers can excite an SH plate mode wave whose travelling direction is perpendicular to the poling axis along to the substrate width. A delay line type oscillator using the SH wave is shown to have a single mode oscillation of about 8 MHz.
Performance Comparison of Electronic PMD Equalizers for Coherent PDM QPSK Systems (2011)

Polarization division multiplexed (PDM) quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) coherent optical systems employ blind adaptive linear electronic equalizers for polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) compensation. In this paper, we compute the performance of various adaptive, fractionally spaced, feed-forward electronic equalizers, using the outage probability as a criterion. A parallel programming implementation of the multicanonical Monte Carlo method is developed, which automatically performs concurrent loop computation on multicore processors, for the estimation of the tails of the outage probability distribution. The constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the decision-directed least mean squares (DD-LMS), and their combination are applied for the adaptation of electronic equalizer filter coefficients. In the exclusive presence of PMD, we demonstrate that half-symbol-period-spaced CMA-based adaptive electronic equalizers perform slightly better than their DD-LMS counterparts, at links with strong PMD, whereas the opposite holds true at the weak PMD regime. It is shown that the successive application of CMA and DD-LMS with 20 complex, half-symbol-period-spaced taps per finite impulse response filter is adequate to reduce the outage probability of coherent PDM QPSK systems to less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> , for a mean differential group delay of more than twice the symbol period.
Pharmacologic regulation of histamine release by the human recombinant histamine-releasing factor (1999)

These data suggest a unique signaling pathway for HrHRF and thus strengthen the hypothesis that HrHRF binds to a specific receptor other than IgE.
Cine cardiac MRI slice misalignment correction towards full 3D left ventricle segmentation (2018)

Accurate segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) blood-pool and myocardium is required to compute cardiac function assessment parameters or generate personalized cardiac models for pre-operative planning of minimally invasive therapy. Cardiac Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality for high resolution cardiac imaging thanks to its capability of imaging the heart throughout the cardiac cycle, while providing tissue contrast superior to other imaging modalities without ionizing radiation. However, there exists an inevitable misalignment between the slices in cine MRI due to the 2D + time acquisition, rendering 3D segmentation methods ineffective. A large part of published work on cardiac MR image segmentation focuses on 2D segmentation methods that yield good results in mid-slices, however with less accurate results for the apical and basal slices. Here, we propose an algorithm to correct for the slice misalignment using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based regression method, and then perform a 3D graph-cut based segmentation of the LV using atlas shape prior. Our algorithm is able to reduce the median slice misalignment error from 3.13 to 2.07 pixels, and obtain the blood-pool segmentation with an accuracy characterized by a 0.904 mean dice overlap and 0.56 mm mean surface distance with respect to the gold-standard blood-pool segmentation for 9 test cine MR datasets.
Determination of Chloroethers in Aqueous Samples Using Solid‐phase Microextraction (1997)

Abstract A method for the determination of di‐ and tetrachlorinated ethers (haloethers) in aqueous samples using solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) combined with capillary GC has been developed. Using 100‐μm polydimethylsiloxane fibers, the influence of several parameters on the SPME procedure like the exposure time of the fiber in the aqueous sample, the desorption temperature, and the salt content of the sample have been studied. Salt addition has a strong effect on the extraction efficiency of the haloethers investigated. Working with saturated salt solutions, the factor increase of the peak areas was in the range from 5 to 12. These improvements are accompanied by decreased precision and increased equilibration times. The SPME method combined with several detectors (FID, ECD, MS in SIM mode) was evaluated with respect to detection limits, linearities, and precisions. Working with salt addition and FID, detection limits of all compounds investigated were in the range of 0.3 to 1.2 μg/L. Using ECD, the LOD values (limits of detection) were only improved for the tetrachlorinated bis(propyl) ethers (<10 ng/L). Employing mass‐spectrometric detection in SIM mode for all chlorinated ethers, detection limits lower than 100 ng/L could be reached. Working with saturated salt solutions, the coefficients of variation were <9% RSD. However, without salt addition, the precision is better than 2.5% RSD for all analytes. Investigations showed that the analysis of the haloethers with SPME is not influenced significantly by the matrix Elbe water. The results of two series of samples demonstrate that SPME‐GC‐MS allows the sensitive determination of the di‐ and tetrahalogenated ethers in Elbe river water.
Elimination of half select disturb in 8T-SRAM by local injected electron asymmetric pass gate transistor (2010)

8T-SRAM cell with asymmetric pass gate transistor by local electron injection is proposed to solve half select disturb. Two types of electron injection scheme: both side injection scheme and self-repair one side injection scheme are analyzed comprehensively for 65nm technology node 8T-SRAM cell and also for 6T-SRAM cell. This paper shows that in the 6T-SRAM with the local injected electrons the read speed degrades by as much as 6.3 times. In contrast, the proposed 8T-SRAM cell with the self-repair one side injection scheme is most suitable to solve the conflict of the half select disturb, write disturb and read speed. In the proposed 8T-SRAM, the disturb margin increases by 141% without write margin or read speed degradation. The proposed scheme has no process or area penalty compared with the standard CMOS-process 8T-SRAM.
Homodiamine-functionalized metal–organic frameworks with a MOF-74-type extended structure for superior selectivity of CO<sub>2</sub> over N<sub>2</sub> (2015)

The functionalized MOFs exhibit exceptional CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity and selectivity, associated with the basicity of the introduced amine groups.
Bildung siliciumorganischer Verbindungen. 66. (H<sub>2</sub>SiCH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> und Si‐substituierte Derivate (1976)

Abstract (H 2 SiCH 2 ) 2 1 wird durch Umsetzung von (Cl 2 SiCH 2 ) 2 mit LiAlH 4 zugänglich. Bei der Umsetzung von 1 mit Cl 2 oder Br 2 ist die SiH‐Halogenierung gegenüber der Ringspaltung so stark bevorzugt, daß sich nacheinander alle Verbindungen von 1‐Monochlor‐1,3‐disilacyclobutan bis zum (X 2 SiCH 2 ) 2 (X = Cl, Br) bilden. Die Beständigkeit des 1,3‐Disilacyclobutangerüstes gegen HBr bzw. Br 2 steigt mit der Elektronegativität der Si‐Substituenten. So wird (Cl 2 SiCH 2 ) 2 weder von Br 2 noch HBr gespalten. Während z. B. [H(C 6 H 5 )SiCH 2 ] 2 mit Brom zu [Br(C 6 H 5 ) SiCH 2 ] 2 reagiert, bildet es mit HBr das meH(C 6 H 5 )SiCH 2 SiBr(C 6 H 5 )H (me = CH 3 ). In [me(C 6 H 5 )SiCH 2 ] 2 wird der Ring sowohl von Br 2 als auch von HBr gespalten. Es werden die 1 H‐, 29 Si‐ und 13 C‐NMR‐Spektren angegeben.
Accelerated Intestinal Epithelial Cell Turnover: A New Mechanism of Parasite Expulsion (2005)

The functional integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier forms a major defense against invading pathogens, including gastrointestinal-dwelling nematodes, which are ubiquitous in their distribution worldwide. Here, we show that an increase in the rate of epithelial cell turnover in the large intestine acts like an "epithelial escalator" to expel Trichuris and that the rate of epithelial cell movement is under immune control by the cytokine interleukin-13 and the chemokine CXCL10. This host protective mechanism against intestinal pathogens has implications for our wider understanding of the multifunctional role played by intestinal epithelium in mucosal defense.
Performance Evaluation of Navigation Using LEO Satellite Signals with Periodically Transmitted Satellite Positions (2019)

The navigation performance with low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite signals is evaluated. The navigation framework used to perform this evaluation tightly integrates a vehicle’s inertial navigation system (INS) with Doppler and pseudorange measurements from LEO satellites. The following scenario is considered. A vehicle has access to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals and a priori, uncertain information about LEO satellite states. The vehicle navigates by tightly integrating GNSS pseudorange measurements with its onboard INS. During the period when GNSS signals are available, the vehicle tracks the LEO satellites from pseudorange and Doppler measurements, refining estimates about their states. Next, GNSS signals are assumed to be unavailable. The vehicle transitions to a simultaneous tracking and navigation (STAN) mode where it simultaneously tracks the LEO satellites and navigates by integrating pseudorange and Doppler measurements made on the LEO satellites with its onboard INS. The performance of this navigation framework is evaluated for two cases: when the LEO satellites periodically transmit their position and when the do not transmit such information. Simulation results with existing LEO satellite constellations pertaining to Orbcomm and Globalstar as well as the future satellite constellation pertaining to Starlink are presented. It was assumed that the LEO satellites are periodically transmitting their positions. These simulation results consider an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a tactical-grade inertial measurement unit (IMU) navigating for 81.6 km in 600 seconds, in which GNSS signals were only available for the first 100 seconds. It is demonstrated that the final position error of the INS-Orbcomm-Globalstar system was 93.01 m while the INS-Starlink system was 9.81 m. The position root mean squared error (RMSE) of the INS-Orbcomm-Globalstar system was 58.59 m while the INS-Starlink system was 10.13 m. Experimental results with existing Orbcomm LEO satellites are presented in which only Doppler measurements were made on two available satellites. The experimental results were conducted on a ground vehicle equipped with a tactical-grade IMU that traversed 7.5 km in 258 seconds, in which GNSS signals were only available for the first 30 seconds. It is demonstrated that the final position error of the INS without GNSS signals was 3.73 km and the position RMSE was 1.42 km. On the other hand, the final position error of the INS-Orbcomm system was 233.3 m and the position RMSE was 188.6 m when the position of the satellite was decoded from its transmitted message. If such position was not decoded and was estimated only from the STAN framework, the final position error was 476.3 m and the position RMSE was 195.6 m.
High-Speed Roll Caster for Strip Casting of Aluminum Alloy (2000)

A melt ejection twin roll caster was devised for high-speed roll casting of aluminum alloy that has sound surfaces. This caster can cast A5182 alloy strip at the speed of up to 120 m/min. The strip surface can be improved by ejecting the melt on to the roll. The strip does not stick to the roll because of separating force is very small. Therefore, lubricant is not required in order to prevent the sticking of the strip at the roll. The microstructure of the strip cast using the melt ejection twin roll caster is very fine.
Fluorogenic Polydiacetylene Supramolecules: Immobilization, Micropatterning, and Application to Label-Free Chemosensors (2008)

This Account describes a new strategy for the preparation of label-free sensor systems based on the fluorogenic properties of the conjugated polymer, polydiacetylene (PDA). PDA has been extensively investigated as a sensor matrix, owing to a brilliant blue-to-red color transition that takes place in response to environmental perturbations. It has been known for some time that "blue-phase" PDAs are nonfluorescent while their "red-phase" counterparts fluoresce. For the most part, however, the significance of the different fluorogenic properties of PDAs has been ignored in the context of sensor applications. In the course of developing PDA-based sensors, we discovered that PDA vesicles can be readily immobilized on solid substrates. This is an attractive property of PDAs since it leads to the combined advantages of the vesicle sensors (which have three-dimensional interactions between sensor and target molecules) and film sensors (which are applicable to a two-dimensional array or chip format). Stable blue-phase immobilized PDAs can be prepared by employing one of three strategies involving the formation of covalent adducts, biotin-avidin complexes, or complexes formed through nonspecific physical adsorption. A procedure for generating well-patterned fluorescence images is necessary for the immobilized PDAs to function in chip-based sensor systems. Patterned fluorescence images are readily constructed by employing (1) the photolithographic technique, (2) the micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) method, or (3) an array spotting system. Heat treatment of the patterned "blue-phase" PDA vesicles transforms the nonfluorescent images into their fluorescent red forms. The observation that finely resolved fluorescence patterns can be generated by heat treatment of microarrayed PDAs is highly significant in that it indicates that fluorescence signals might be produced by specific molecular recognition events. Indeed, red fluorescence emission is observed when immobilized PDAs are subjected to specific molecular recognition events, such as ligand--cyclodextrin or protein-protein interactions. The facile immobilization of PDA vesicles on solid substrates and the affinity-induced fluorescence emission combine to make this system applicable to the fabrication of label-free PDA sensors. Since in theory any molecular recognition event that promotes the blue-to-red color transition of PDAs should result in the generation of fluorescence, it should be possible to reformat a variety of previously described colorimetric PDA sensors into fluorescence-based sensor systems. The fluorescence properties of PDAs, when combined with modern methods for the fabrication of microarrays, should stimulate the development of a number of new label-free chemosensor systems.
An eulerian pde approach for computing tissue thickness (2003)

We outline an Eulerian framework for computing the thickness of tissues between two simply connected boundaries that does not require landmark points or parameterizations of either boundary. Thickness is defined as the length of correspondence trajectories, which run from one tissue boundary to the other, and which follow a smooth vector field constructed in the region between the boundaries. A pair of partial differential equations (PDEs) that are guided by this vector field are then solved over this region, and the sum of their solutions yields the thickness of the tissue region. Unlike other approaches, this approach does not require explicit construction of any correspondence trajectories. An efficient, stable, and computationally fast solution to these PDEs is found by careful selection of finite differences according to an upwinding condition. The behavior and performance of our method is demonstrated on two simulations and two magnetic resonance imaging data sets in two and three dimensions. These experiments reveal very good performance and show strong potential for application in tissue thickness visualization and quantification.
The role of connective tissue in inhibiting epithelial downgrowth on titanium‐coated percutaneous implants (1992)

Ideally, the surface of epithelium-penetrating implants should impede apical epithelial migration. Previous studies have shown that micromachined grooved surfaces can produce connective-tissue ingrowth, which inhibits epithelial downgrowth on percutaneous implants [Chehroudi et al., J. Biomed. Mater. Res., 24, 9, (1990)]. However, in those studies, connective tissue and epithelium interacted with the same surface so that the effects of the surfaces on each population could not be determined separately. The objectives of this study were (a) to examine cell behavior on implants in which connective tissue contacted surfaces of various topographies and epithelium encountered only a smooth surface, and (b) to compare one-stage and two-stage surgical techniques. Implants had a base component (BC) which was either smooth or had a surface with 19-micron- or 30-micron-deep grooves or 120-micron-deep tapered pits, and a skin-penetrating component (SPC) which was smooth. In the two-stage technique, the BC was implanted subcutaneously for 8 weeks, which permitted the healing of the peri-implant connective tissue. In the second stage the SPC was connected to the BC. For one-stage implants, BC & SPC were connected and implanted percutaneously. Implants (BC & SPC) were removed 1, 2, or 3 weeks after percutaneous implantation and histological sections were measured for recession, connective tissue and epithelial attachment as well as capsule thickness. Light microscopy indicated that both grooved and tapered pitted surfaces encouraged connective tissue ingrowth. On the grooved surfaces, the orientation of fibroblasts changed from an oblique to a more complex pattern which included cells having round nuclei within the grooves, as well as cells oriented oblique or perpendicular to the grooves. In the tapered pits a hammock-like arrangement of fibroblasts was observed. In some cases, foci of mineralization and formation of bonelike tissue were found on the grooved and pitted surfaces. The apical migration of the epithelium was significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited by those micromachined surfaces which produced connective tissue ingrowth to the BC. This study found that placing the implants in two stages improved the performance of percutaneous devices, and that a further improvement was achieved if the implant had a surface promoting connective tissue ingrowth.
Improving Virtualized Storage Performance with Sky (2017)

We introduce Sky, an extension to the VMM that gathers insights and information by intercepting system calls made by guest applications. We show how Sky gains three specific insights -- guest file-size information, metadata-data distinction, and file-content hints -- and uses said information to enhance virtualized-storage performance. By caching small files and metadata with higher priority, Sky reduces the runtime by 2.3 to 8.8 times for certain workloads. Sky also achieves 4.5 to 18.7 times reduction in the runtime of an open-source block-layer deduplication system by exploiting hints about file contents. Sky works underneath both Linux and FreeBSD guests, as well as under a range of file systems, thus enabling portable and general VMM-level optimization underneath a wide range of storage stacks.
Astra: Bottom-up Construction of Structured Artifact Repositories (2012)

Structured artifact repositories, such as Java's Maven Central Repository, provide developers with the ability to easily locate and manage their programs' external dependencies. Unfortunately, these artifact repositories are often missing popular libraries, dramatically decreasing their usefulness. Our investigation of the scope of the Maven Central Repository showed that it is missing over 60% of externally referenced types in a large collection of open source Java projects. Artifact repositories, such as the Maven Central Repository, are manually curated, and constructed in a top-down manner. This makes expanding their scope, and keeping them up to date, a time consuming process. To address this issue, we present Astra, an algorithm for the automated bottom-up construction of structured artifact repositories. Astra takes as input a collection of unknown library artifacts, such as jar files, and returns a structured artifact repository. The resulting repository contains libraries, which are divided into versions and associated with individual artifacts. This bottom-up construction is accomplished by analyzing the co-occurrence of types between the library artifacts. Astra was implemented for Java as part of the Sourcerer Infrastructure. Our evaluation demonstrates that Astra generates a repository with 77% similarity to the Maven Central Repository when provided the same base artifacts. An examination of the differences between the manually curated and generated repositories indicates that in many cases the generated structure has significant merit.