gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the Estradiol-Mediated Endometrial Gland Formation by the Antigestagen Onapristone in Rabbits: Relationship to Uterine Estrogen Receptors (1991)

There is evidence from previous studies that progesterone antagonists (antigestagens) modify estrogen responses at endometrial and myometrial levels without having affinity to the estrogen receptor (ER). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of the antigestagen onapristone (ZK 98 299) on the uterus in ovariectomized (OVX) estradiol (E2)-substituted rabbits (3.0 micrograms/animal.day). The animals were treated for 8 days with different doses of onapristone (3.0, 10.0, and 30.0 mg/animal.day, sc). Uterine growth was not influenced by onapristone compared to that in OVX E2-substituted controls. However, morphological (light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy) and morphometric criteria indicated that there was a significant dose-dependent inhibition of the estrogen-induced gland formation within the endometrium and degenerative changes in glandular epithelial cells. By contrast, there were morphological signs of activation of the endometrial stroma (proliferation, increased capillarization, and vascularization, edema) above the level of E2-treated animals. A dose-dependent increase in the concentration of uterine cytosolic ER, nuclear ER, and ER mRNA (ER mRNA) was measured in uterine homogenates after onapristone treatment compared to values in OVX E2-substituted controls. Immunocytochemical analysis of ER in uterine sections suggests that the increase in ER after onapristone treatment took place predominantly in the myometrium and surface epithelium. To examine whether the observed interference was mediated via the progesterone receptor (PR), E2-substituted rabbits were treated, in a separate experiment, with onapristone (10.0 mg/animal.day, sc) and various doses of progesterone (1.0, 3.0, and 10.0 mg/animal.day, sc). Progesterone reversed all onapristone-induced changes, indicating that the observed effects were mediated via the PR. The data indicate that the antigestagen onapristone interacts with estrogen action in the absence of the natural PR ligand. The increase in ER and ER mRNA concentrations after onapristone treatment in OVX E2-treated animals suggests that this antigestagen abolished an inhibitory action of the unoccupied PR on ER biosynthesis.
A cysteine protease encoded by the baculovirus Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (1994)

Sequence analysis of the BamHI F fragment of the genome of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) revealed an open reading frame whose deduced amino acid sequence had homology to those of cysteine proteases of the papain superfamily. The putative cysteine protease sequence (BmNPV-CP) was 323 amino acids long and showed 35% identity to a cysteine proteinase precursor from Trypanosoma brucei. Of 36 residues conserved among cathepsins B, H, L, and S and papain, 31 were identical in BmNPV-CP. In order to determine the activity and function of the putative cysteine protease, a BmNPV mutant (BmCysPD) was constructed by homologous recombination of the protease gene with a beta-galactosidase gene cassette. BmCysPD-infected BmN cell extracts were significantly reduced in acid protease activity compared with wild-type virus-infected cell extracts. The cysteine protease inhibitor E-64 [trans-epoxysuccinylleucylamido-(4-guanidino)butane] inhibited wild-type virus-expressed protease activity. Deletion of the cysteine protease gene had no significant effect on viral growth or polyhedron production in BmN cells, indicating that the cysteine protease was not essential for viral replication in vitro. However, B. mori larvae infected with BmCysPD showed symptoms different from those of wild-type BmNPV-infected larvae, e.g., less degradation of the body, including fat body cells, white body surface color due presumably to undegraded epidermal cells, and an increase in the number of polyhedra released into the hemolymph. This is the first report of (i) a virus-encoded protease with activity on general substrates and (ii) evidence that a virus-encoded protease may play a role in degradation of infected larvae to facilitate horizontal transmission of the virus.
Jumping Gall Wasp, California Jumping Gall Wasp, Jumping Oak Gall, Flea Seeds Neuroterus saltatorius Edwards (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) (2017)

Includes: Introduction - Synonymy - Distribution - Description - Life Cycle - Hosts - Ecology - Damage - Management - Selected References Also available on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/trees/Neuroterus_saltatorius.htm
A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell with a Novel Geometry That Eliminates the Need for Preparing a Thin Electrolyte Film (2002)

We propose a solid oxide fuel cell design based on a configuration of two electrodes on the same surface of the electrolyte in a flowing mixture of different hydrocarbons and air between 500 and 600°C. The ohmic resistance can be reduced without using a thin electrolyte film due to a significantly enhanced performance by the approach of the two electrodes to each other on the smooth electrolyte surface. The fuel cell performance, especially at reduced temperatures, is further improved by using a more reactive hydrocarbon fuel and a more catalytically active anode. The resulting power density reaches using 2 mm thicker electrolyte at 500°C. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
연구논문 : 노인교육 프로그램 개발 및 효과분석 (2001)

본 연구에서는 노인 스스로 노후생활을 더 자주적으로 영위하는데 필요한 지식과 태도를 함양시키기 위한 노인교육 프로그램을 기획·설계하고, 그 효과를 검정하기 위해 설계된 프로그램을 실행·평가했다. 프로그램 개발의 첫 단계는 잠재적 노인교육 수요자들의 교육요구를 알아보기 위한 교육요구조사로서 문헌연구, 설문지를 통한 조사연구, 전문가와 자문위원과의 면담을 통해 실시되었다. 다음으로 교육요구조사를 기초로 하여 학습목표, 교육내용과 방법 및 지식과 태도에 나타난 노인교육 프로그램의 효과검정에 필요한 교육 전·후 검사 도구를 선정하였다. 2000년 3월 10일부터 6월 23일까지 주 1회, 2시간씩 15주에 걸쳐, 경북대학교 평생교육원 강의실에서 조직된 내용에 적합한 전문강사를 선정하여, 본 프로그램을 교육군에게 적용했으며, 교육 전·후에 교육군과 비교육군에게 효과검정을 위해 검사를 실시했다. 검사 결과로서는 교육 전 지식의 평균은 교육군과 비교육군간 유의한 차이가 없었으며(t-test), 교육 전·후 지식의 평균 변화에서는 교육군은 유의한 차이를 보였으나 (p＜0.01)(paired t-test), 비교육군은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 교육 후 두 군간 평균 비교에서도 유의수준 0.01에서 교육군이 비교육군 보다 높았다 (ANCOVA). 한편, 두 군간 교육 전 태도의 평균에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 교육 전·후 태도의 평균변화 및 교육후 두 군간 평균 비교에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 교육 후 지식의 평균은 교육군이 비교육군에 비해 유의하게 높은 반면 태도의 평균은 유의한 차이를 나타내지 못한 원인으로 추측되는 것은 교육군 및 비교육군의 노인과 노후생활에 대한 태도가 다른 연구와 비교했을 때 교육 전부터 매우 긍정적이어서 더 향상시킬 수 있는 여지가 적었으며, 오랜 세월 동안 이미 형성된 태도를 새롭게 형성시킨다는 것은 완고하고, 보수적인 노인의 심리적 특성으로 볼 때 대단히 어려운 부분이라 여겨진다. 따라서 노년기에 발생되는 제 문제들은 노년기에 갑자기 생기는 것이 아니라 인생의 과정을 통한 문제들의 축적이라는 것을 감안할 때 노년과 노후생활에 대한 바람직한 인식의 전환 및 계획적인 노후준비를 위해서는 노인에 대한 태도가 고정되기 전부터 예방적인 차원의 단계적 교육이 이루어져야 효율적이라고 생각한다. 그러기 위해서는 노인교육을 전담할 전문기구의 신설이 절실하다고 본다.
Dynamical model of a pedestrian in a crowd (2002)

The purpose of this study is to propose a mathematical model which describes the walking behavior of a person and analyzes the characteristics of human behavior in the crowd. The fundamental assumption is that the human behavior is not a random process but a deterministic process with several basic mechanisms and each fundamental mechanism is common and only the parameter is different from person to person. The proposed model is based on the servomechanism which drives a person along the planned path from point to point. This model has been applied to simulate the walks of people in a crowd and the simulated results have a good agreement with the actual measurement. This model has been applied to simulate the individual movement of people entering abruptly into a narrow space, and it is shown that the so-called grouping phenomenon can be reproduced by this model.
Review Article:1A Review of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Tick-Borne Typhus), its Agent, and its Tick Vectors in the United States (1975)

Journal Article Review Article:A Review of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Tick-Borne Typhus), its Agent, and its Tick Vectors in the United States Get access Willy Burgdorfer Willy Burgdorfer 2U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratory, Hamilton, Montana 59840, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 12, Issue 3, 25 September 1975, Pages 269–278, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/12.3.269 Published: 25 September 1975
360° Holography (1966)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Tung H. Jeong, Paul Rudolf, and Arleigh Luckett, "360° Holography," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56, 1263-1264 (1966) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Thymic lymphomas in mice with a truncating mutation in Brca2. (1998)

Inherited mutations in the BRCA2 gene predispose women to breast and ovarian cancer. We created a mutation in the mouse Brca2 gene that terminates translation in exon 11 at 45% of the normal transcript length. Ninety % of Brca2(tm1Cam) homozygous mutant mice die prenatally or perinatally. The location of the Brca2(tm1Cam) mutation differs from those reported previously, and this phenotype suggests a correlation with genotype analogous to that previously reported in humans. Although heterozygote mice have remained free of tumors for 10 months, Brca2(tm1Cam) homozygous mutants that survived to adulthood died with thymic lymphomas between 12 and 14 weeks of age.
Comparison of Chondrogenic Potential in Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow (2008)

Elucidation of equine ASC and MSC receptor profiles will enhance the use of these cells in regenerative cartilage repair.
NF-κB oscillations translate into functionally related patterns of gene expression (2016)

Several transcription factors (TFs) oscillate, periodically relocating between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. NF-κB, which plays key roles in inflammation and cancer, displays oscillations whose biological advantage remains unclear. Recent work indicated that NF-κB displays sustained oscillations that can be entrained, that is, reach a persistent synchronized state through small periodic perturbations. We show here that for our GFP-p65 knock-in cells NF-κB behaves as a damped oscillator able to synchronize to a variety of periodic external perturbations with no memory. We imposed synchronous dynamics to prove that transcription of NF-κB-controlled genes also oscillates, but mature transcript levels follow three distinct patterns. Two sets of transcripts accumulate fast or slowly, respectively. Another set, comprising chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNAs, oscillates and resets at each new stimulus, with no memory of the past. We propose that TF oscillatory dynamics is a means of segmenting time to provide renewing opportunity windows for decision.
Comparison of the hypnotic activity of triazolam, flurazepam hydrochloride, and placebo (1975)

Triazolam, 0.4 and 0.8 mg, flurazepam, 15 and 30 mg, and placebo were compared in a double-blind, randomized 5-night crossover study in 25 inpatient insomniacs. These patients all complained difficulty falling asleep; all said they usually slept less than 5 hr a nigh and woke up too early in the morning. Results of the patients' global evaluation of the medications shows that all of the treatments were rated significantly higher than placebo, with the exception of triazolam, 0.4 mg, which was not significantly different from flurazepam, 15 or 30 mg, or from placebo. In subjective evaluation of sleep onset, only triazolam, 0.4 and 0.8 mg, was rated faster than placebo. All 4 active medications increased duration of sleep. Triazolam, 0.8 mg, and flurazepam, 30 mg, were rated as providing deeper sleep than placebo while all treatments except flurazepam, 15 mg, decreased the number of awakenings below that on placebo. A significant dose-response curve was obtained with triazolam and flurazepam for some of the parameters. Very few adverse effects were reported. One patient reported feeling groggy and drowsy on 0.4 mg triazolam while 2 reported nightmares on placebo.
The occult pneumothorax: what have we learned? (2009)

Supine anteroposterior chest radiography is an insensitive test for posttraumatic pneumothoraces. Computed tomography often detects pneumothoraces that were not diagnosed on chest radiography (occult pneumothoraces). Whereas the incidence of occult pneumothoraces approximates 5% of all trauma registry patients, this value approaches 15% among injured patients undergoing computed tomography. Up to 76% of all pneumothoraces may be occult to supine chest radiography with real-time interpretation by trauma teams. Although the size and intrathoracic distribution (anterior) of overt and occult pneumothoraces are similar, significantly more patients with occult pneumothoraces undergo tube thoracostomy compared with those with overt pneumothoraces. This pattern extends both to patients receiving mechanical ventilation and those with penetrating trauma. As an early clinical predictor available during the resuscitation of a trauma patient, only subcutaneous emphysema is predictive of a concurrent occult pneumothorax. The majority of patients with occult pneumothoraces (85%) do not have subcutaneous emphysema, however. Thoracic ultrasonography, as part of a bedside extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma examination, detects 92%-100% of all pneumothoraces and represents a simple extension of the clinician's physical examination. The final remaining question is whether clinicians can safely omit tube thoracostomy in some patients with occult pneumothoraces concurrent to positive pressure ventilation. This omission would avoid subjecting patients to the 22% risk of major chest tube-related insertional, positional and infective complications.
HTC insulation technology drives rapid progress of indirect-cooled turbo generator unit capacity (2001)

Hydrogen or air indirect-cooled generators are becoming popular because of their simple structure and easy maintenance. This type of generator remarkably improves operational reliability. High thermal conducting insulation (HTC) system provides the most reliable technology to realize such generators. A newly developed insulation system for the stator could double thermal conductivity with the same or higher dielectric characteristics as the usual one. The advantages of this new insulation technology has been confirmed by tests on commercial use machines. In addition to new machine application, this insulation can be applied to operating generators in order to increase their capacity or efficiency. In the course of various evaluation tests, the resistance against thermal cycling operation has finally been successfully confirmed with the full-size coil model simulating a 600 MVA class generator. This paper introduces the development concept, typical insulation system characteristics, test results on commercial use generators, and cost profit expected.
Experiences with mixed integer linear programming based approaches on short-term hydro scheduling (2001)

This paper describes experiences with mixed integer linear programming (MILP) based approaches on the short-term hydro scheduling (STHS) function. The STHS is used to determine the optimal or near-optimal schedules for the dispatchable hydro units in a hydro-dominant system for a user-definable study period at each time step while respecting all system and hydraulic constraints. The problem can be modeled in detail for a hydro system that contains both conventional and pumped-storage units. Discrete and dynamic constraints such as unit startup/shutdown and minimum-up/minimum-down time limits are also included in the model for hydro unit commitment (HUC). The STHS problem is solved with a state-of-the-art package which includes an algebraic modeling language and a MILP solver. The usefulness of the proposed solution algorithm is illustrated by testing the problem with actual hydraulic system data. Numerical experiences show that the solution technique is computationally efficient, simple, and suitable for decision support of short-term hydro operations planning. In addition, the proposed approaches can be easily extended for scheduling applications in a deregulated environment.
A novel lossless resonant MOSFET driver (2003)

A low-impedance isolated or nonisolated capacitor driver with negligible practical losses is presented. Peak capacitor voltages are totally predictable, and the driver can self-regulate to drive a 1 nF-10 mu F capacitor with unchanged risetime. Circuit results exhibit MOSFET gate-drive losses below 2% of the power lost in classical drive circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Image rejects in general direct digital radiography (2015)

The reject rate is at least as high as the deletion rate and is comparable with previous film-based imaging systems. The reasons for rejection are quite different in digital systems. This falsifies the hypothesis that digitalization would eliminates rejects. A deleted image does not contribute to diagnostics, and therefore is an unnecessary image. Hence, the high rates of deleted images have implications for management, training, education, as well as for quality.
Factors in the Membrane Filtration of Enteroviruses (1965)

The filtration of two species of enteroviruses through membranes of porosity ranging from 50 to 220 mmu was studied. It was shown that extensive or total losses of virus may attend filtration at these porosities, apparently owing to adsorption of the virus to the membrane matrix. This could be minimized by the incorporation of serum into the virus suspension at the time of filtration, or by pretreating the membrane with serum or with a gelatin solution. It was also found that the first few drops of filtrate, even under optimal conditions, were likely to be virus-free, so that the filtration of too small a volume of virus suspension would result in a relatively great loss of titer. The degree to which these factors were critical was found to decrease with increasing pore diameter.
The Efficacy of Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Reporting from a workshop at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md,<sup>1</sup>Mr Marwick stated that "the large Swedish field trial of two acellular pertussis vaccines<sup>2</sup>has not shown levels of efficacy high enough to make either vaccine a likely candidatefor immediate licensure in the United States." We can now report efficacy data from continued surveillance during the posttrial period Aug 27, 1987, to March 20, 1988, to elucidate protection over time and to discuss the effect of surveillance techniques on observed efficacy estimates. All laboratory-confirmed cases of pertussis among children born between March 1985 and September 1985 who participated in the efficacy trial have been identified from laboratory reports to the National Bacteriological Laboratory, Stockholm, and also from spontaneous parental reporting. Study nurses have interviewed parents about the course of illness using questions similar to those used in the main study. The parents
{Efficient Second-Order Gradient Boosting for Conditional Random Fields} (2015)

Conditional random fields (CRFs) are an im-portant class of models for accurate structured prediction, but effective design of the feature functions is a major challenge when applying CRF models to real world data. Gradient boosting, which is used to automatically in-duce and select feature functions, is a natural candidate solution to the problem. However, it is non-trivial to derive gradient boosting algorithms for CRFs due to the dense Hessian matrices introduced by variable dependencies. Existing approaches thus use only first-order information when optimizing likelihood, and hence face convergence issues. We incorpo-rate second-order information by deriving a Markov Chain mixing rate bound to quantify the dependencies, and introduce a gradient boosting algorithm that iteratively optimizes an adaptive upper bound of the objective function. The resulting algorithm induces and selects features for CRFs via functional space optimization, with provable convergence guarantees. Experimental results on three real world datasets demonstrate that the mix-ing rate based upper bound is effective for learning CRFs with non-linear potentials. 1
Luminescence properties of wurtzite AlN nanotips (2006)

The optical properties of aluminum nitride nanotips (AlNNTs) synthesized via vapor transport and condensation process have been studied by cathodoluminescence, photoluminescence (PL), thermoluminescence (TL), and UV absorption measurements. Two defect related transitions around 2.1 and 3.4eV and an excitonic feature at 6.2eV were identified. Compared to the AlN macropowders, the AlNNTs showed a blueshift (+0.2eV) of the ∼3.2eV peak. Analysis of both PL and TL excitation measurements indicated the existence of subband gap multiple energy levels in AlNNTs. A significant TL intensity even at 145°C suggests possible ultraviolet detector and dosimetric applications of these AlNNTs.
Pneumoperitoneum in Sigmoid Colon Actinomycosis (2004)

Actinomyces are Gram-positive. They are not fungi, anaerobic, and filamentous like the normal bacterial inhabitants of the oral cavity and upper intestinal tract of humans. Radiological studies have not been very useful in their preoperative diagnosis. Actinomycosis can only be diagnosed with certainty upon the finding of typical sulfur granules during histopathologic examination. In the presence of risk factors, it should be included in the differential diagnosis when the abdominal computed tomography^6 shows bowel thickening or a peritoneal mass with extensive infiltration. Surgical resection followed by high dosages of penicillin for two to six weeks, depending on the clinical symptoms, is still the main modality of treatment, especially when there is associated perforated viscus. There commendations are a penicillin-G dosage of 10 to 20 million units per day for four to six weeks, then oral penicillin at 20 to 30 mg per kg every six hours for an additional 6 to 12 months. Herein, we report a case of colonic actinomycosis presenting with pneumoperitoneum confirmed post-operatively by evidence of the histopathologic presence of sulfur granules.
Adaptive Multicue Background Subtraction for Robust Vehicle Counting and Classification (2011)

In this paper, we present a robust vision-based system for vehicle tracking and classification devised for traffic flow surveillance. The system performs in real time, achieving good results, even in challenging situations, such as with moving casted shadows on sunny days, headlight reflections on the road, rainy days, and traffic jams, using only a single standard camera. We propose a robust adaptive multicue segmentation strategy that detects foreground pixels corresponding to moving and stopped vehicles, even with noisy images due to compression. First, the approach adaptively thresholds a combination of luminance and chromaticity disparity maps between the learned background and the current frame. It then adds extra features derived from gradient differences to improve the segmentation of dark vehicles with casted shadows and removes headlight reflections on the road. The segmentation is further used by a two-step tracking approach, which combines the simplicity of a linear 2-D Kalman filter and the complexity of a 3-D volume estimation using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Experimental results show that our method can count and classify vehicles in real time with a high level of performance under different environmental situations comparable with those of inductive loop detectors.