gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of Osteoblast Proteins O‐GlcNAc Modified During Osteogenesis (2013)

The nutrient responsive O‐GlcNAc post‐translational modification (PTM) modulates signaling and transcriptional pathways contributing to cellular development and survival. Supporting a role for this PTM in osteoblasts (OB), parathyroid hormone‐or forskolin‐induced RUNX2 activity is enhanced in murine MC3T3E1 preOB in the presence of the β‐N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamindase inhibitor PUGNAc. In this study we employed lectin weak affinity chromatography (LWAC) to facilitate the identification of O‐GlcNAcylated OB proteins by C18 nLC‐MS/ MS with CID/ETD fragmentation (LTQ‐XL). Twenty O‐GlcNAc modified peptides from 18 total proteins were elucidated in in 7‐day differentiated MC3T3E1s. Seventeen sites of O‐GlcNAc modification were unambiguously mapped, including 5 novel sites of O‐GlcNAc modification on TAB2, SBNO1, UBAP2l, LPP, and CBP. Both expression and activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an intermediate marker of extracellular matrix maturation, were significantly enhanced in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured under osteogenic conditions for 6 days in the presence of Thiamet G, a specific inhibitor of OGA. These data provide the first evidence that O‐GlcNAc signaling can modulate extracellular matrix maturation during osteogenesis. Future studies will focus on pathways regulated by O‐GlcNAc in OB. This work is supported by NIH/NIDCR grant nos. RO1‐DE020925–01A1 and T32‐DE017551–05.
Allergic Conjunctivitis and Contact Lenses: Experience with Olopatadine Hydrochloride 0.1% Therapy (2000)

Patanol treatment effectively and rapidly alleviated the signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis due to contact lens wear as well as vernal conjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis and the common seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Patanol allowed allergic patients to be more comfortable while permitting them to continue using contact lenses.
Intumescent Flame-Retardant and Self-Healing Superhydrophobic Coatings on Cotton Fabric (2015)

Flame-retardant and self-healing superhydrophobic coatings are fabricated on cotton fabric by a convenient solution-dipping method, which involves the sequential deposition of a trilayer of branched poly(ethylenimine) (bPEI), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and fluorinated-decyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (F-POSS). When directly exposed to flame, such a trilayer coating generates a porous char layer because of its intumescent effect, successfully giving the coated fabric a self-extinguishing property. Furthermore, the F-POSS embedded in cotton fabric and APP/bPEI coating produces a superhydrophobic surface with a self-healing function. The coating can repetitively and autonomically restore the superhydrophobicity when the superhydrophobicity is damaged. The resulting cotton fabric, which is flame-resistant, waterproof, and self-cleaning, can be easily cleaned by simple water rinsing. Thus, the integration of self-healing superhydrophobicity with flame retardancy provides a practical way to resolve the problem of washing durability of the flame-retardant coatings. The flame-retardant and superhydrophobic fabric can endure more than 1000 cycles of abrasion under a pressure of 44.8 kPa without losing its flame retardancy and self-healing superhydrophobicity, showing potential applications as multifunctional advanced textiles.
The Relational Approach to the Management of Data Bases. (1971)

Extended LND could improve survival in patients with pancreatic body cancer. However, extended LND had no survival benefit for the treatment of pancreatic tail cancer.
Permutation development data layout (PDDL) (1999)

Declustered data organizations in disk arrays (RAIDs) achieve less-intrusive reconstruction of data after a disk failure. We present PDDL, a new data layout for declustered disk arrays. PDDL layouts exist for a large variety of disk array configurations with a distributed spare disk. PDDL declustered disk arrays have excellent run-time performance under light and heavy workloads. PDDL maximizes access parallelism in the most critical circumstances, namely during reconstruction of data on the spare disk. PDDL occurs minimum address translation overhead compared to all other proposed declustering layouts.
The modulation contrast microscope: principles and performance (1977)

SUMMARY The modulation contrast microscope produces an image of high contrast and resolution. The image has a three‐dimensional appearance wherein a rounded object appears dark on one side, bright on the other with grey in between against a grey background. The performance features are optical sectioning, directionality, high resolution and control of contrast and coherence. A bright field microscope is converted to the modulation contrast microscope by adding the modulator, a special amplitude filter, in the objective. A slit aperture part of which is polarized is placed before the condenser. Below this is a rotatable polarizer. The modulator processes light from opposite gradients oppositely, that is brighter for one and darker for the other; thereby preserving the sign. The diffraction theory has been extended to show that gradient image intensity is the intensity of the zero order and when modified by the modulator creates a high contrast image. The modulation contrast microscope is simple and easy to adjust. It is useful in reflected and transmitted light systems, with plastic and glass vessels as well as in combination with fluorescence systems and polarization techniques. There is virtually no limit to the type of specimen that can be studied.
Facile One-Pot Synthesis of Di- and Tri-Substituted Furans From Acyl Isocyanates Using Trimethylsilyldiazomethane (2004)

The Diels-Alder reaction of 2-substituted 4-(trimethyl­silyloxy)oxazoles, which were prepared in situ from trimethylsilyldiazomethane and acyl isocyanates, with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate or ethyl propiolate gave furan-3,4-dicarboxylic or furan-3-carboxylic esters in good yields.
Dynamic element matching for pipelined A/D conversion (2002)

In this paper it is demonstrated how the concept of dynamic element matching can be applied to pipelined A/D conversion. It is shown both analytically and with computer simulations that dynamic element matching converts all spurious components to white noise. Only the case of a pipeline with a resolution of 1.5 bit per stage is investigated in detail but a generalisation to pipelined A/D converters with a higher "per stage resolution" is straightforward.
Discrimination of conifer height, age and crown closure classes using Landsat-5 TM imagery in the Canadian Northwest Territories (2003)

Empirical relationships between forest stand attributes and Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper spectral response were developed in order to assess its informational value in support of forest inventory operations in the Northwest Territories. An existing large-area classification procedure, based on a supervised methodology, has been able to generate classes of white spruce and jack pine. Within individual forest species groups, spectral variability related to differences in crown closure, height and age is of interest to forest managers in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy with which stands within the white spruce and jack pine classes could be further separated into two stand height classes (< 15 m and S 15 m), two age classes (< 100 years and S 100 years) and two crown closure classes (< 30% and S 30%) with a single (summer) Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image. Discrimination generally improved with the addition of spectral texture measures where independently assessed accuracies ranged from 60 to 90%. A look-up table was devised for conifer-dominated areas (> 80% dominant species) which could subsequently be assigned for height, age and crown closure class values based on Landsat TM spectral response patterns.
Serologic Assay To Quantify Human Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to the <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Iron Surface Determinant B Antigen (2009)

A direct binding Luminex assay has been developed and validated for the detection of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the Staphylococcus aureus iron surface determinant B protein (IsdB) in serum following natural infection or immunization with investigational Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived IsdB-based vaccines. To ensure that IsdB-specific IgG antibodies are measured following immunization with S. cerevisiae-derived IsdB, an Escherichia coli-produced IsdB antigen is used in the assay. The IsdB antigen is covalently conjugated to maleimide microspheres via an engineered carboxy-terminal cysteine residue. Antibody titers are determined in a direct binding format, where the phycoerythrin-labeled monoclonal antibody (HP6043) specific for IgG1 to IgG4 binds to human serum IgG antibodies. Fluorescent signal emitted from bound HP6043 is directly proportional to an individual's antibody levels. A pooled human reference serum from vaccinees with high titers to IsdB is used to generate a 12-point standard curve. The correlation of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) units to microg/ml of IsdB-specific IgG is made by interpolating the MFI data through a four-parameter curve-fitting algorithm. The assay is sensitive to 1.06 microg/ml with a dynamic range of 2.1 to 10,625 microg/ml. The overall specificity of the assay is >96% and the linearity (parallelism) of the assay is -4% per 10-fold dilution. The total precision of the assay was 16.6% relative standard deviation across three different IsdB antigen lots, three different microsphere lots, two secondary antibody lots, and three different operators. The assay has proven useful for evaluating the immune response following the administration of different dosages and formulations of investigational IsdB-based vaccines.
Constitutive Expression of Functionally Active Protease‐Activated Receptors 1 and 2 in Human Conjunctival Epithelial Cells (2006)

Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are G-protein-coupled receptors which initiate inflammatory responses when activated by specific serine proteases. This study was conducted to examine whether human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCECs) express functionally active PAR1 and PAR2 using Chang conjunctival epithelial cells as in vitro model. We performed RT-PCR and immunofluorescence analyses to determine the expression of PAR1 and PAR2, and monitored the production of IL-6 after activating HCECs with PAR1 activating agents (thrombin or TFLLRN) or PAR2 activating agents (tryptase, trypsin, or SLIGKV). The results show that HCECs constitutively express PAR1 and PAR2 mRNA and proteins, and produce significant amounts of IL-6 when incubated with specific PAR-activating enzymes or agonist peptides. Thrombin- and tryptase-induced HCEC activation was blocked by PAR1 and PAR2 neutralizing antibodies, respectively, and by specific enzyme inhibitors. The constitutive expression of PAR1 and PAR2, and their activation by thrombin and tryptase, respectively, may have important implications in ocular inflammation.
Vibration of Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines Having a Fractional Number of Slots per Pole (2006)

In this paper, a method for predicting the electromagnetic vibration of PM brushless motors is presented. It calculates the electromagnetic force on individual stator teeth by the Maxwell stress method, based on 2-D finite element analysis of the electromagnetic field. The resulting radial force contour is then used in an analytical shell model to predict the stator vibration. The method has been validated experimentally and used to predict the vibration of various PM brushless motors with different fractional slot/pole number combinations, such as 9/6, 12/8, 15/10, 12/10, 18/6, etc., on both no load and on load.
Oxidative metabolism of the human eosinophil (1977)

We have compared the oxidative metabolism of human eosinophils (80%-90% purity) to that of neutrophils. Hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activity of eosinophils was higher than that of neutrophils under either resting or phagocytizing conditions. Eosinophil HMP shunt activity also was stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate, a membrane-active agent. Eosinophils showed a marked incorporation of 125I into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material under resting conditions, which increased markedly during phagocytosis. Eosinophils likewise showed a greater reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium dye during phagocytosis than did neutrophils. Measurement of other parameters of oxidative metabolism indicated that eosinophils generated superoxide anion following phagocytosis and also elicited a burst of chemiluminescence similar to that observed during phagocytosis by neutrophils. Measurement of NADPH oxidase activity demonstrated that this enzyme was 3-6 times more active in fractions isolated from eosinophils than in corresponding fractions isolated from neutrophils; this was observed over a range of substrate concentrations. The eosinophil enzyme sedimented differently than the neutrophil enzyme with differential centrifugation; neither showed sedimentation characteristics of peroxidase. These data indicate that eosinophils possess a similar, although in some ways more potent, oxidative burst than neutrophils and are consistent with a role for NADPH oxidase in the initiation of that burst.
Infrared-light induced curing of photosensitive resins through photon up-conversion for novel cost-effective luminescent 3D-printing technology (2015)

Cost-effective luminescent 3D-printing technology approach through infrared-laser-induced photon up-conversion in rare-earth-doped materials for “laser-writing” of luminescent 3D printed structures and envisioned applications in nano-photolithography.
Design of new hybrid-ring, directional coupler using lambda /8 or lambda /6 sections (1991)

The authors propose a design method for 1.25 lambda -ring and 7 lambda /6-ring 3-dB directional couplers using lambda /8 and lambda /6 sections, respectively. In addition, the frequency characteristics of the couplings together with the isolations, the return losses, and the phase differences between the output ports are calculated. The method was experimentally verified for a microstrip network, proving its validity for a microwave component with the basic lambda /8 and lambda /6 sections proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Single‐ and Multiple‐Dose Pharmacokinetics of Riluzole in White Subjects (1997)

Riluzole is a novel neuroprotective agent that has been developed for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A series of studies was undertaken to establish its pharmacokinetics on single- and multiple-dose administration in young white male volunteers. The mean absolute oral bioavailability of riluzole (50-mg tablet) was approximately 60%. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values were linearly related to dose for the range studied. Cmax occurred at 1.0 hour to 1.5 hours after administration. Plasma elimination half-life appeared to be independent of dose. After repeated administration of 100 mg riluzole for 10 days, some intraindividual variability in bioavailability was seen. A high-fat meal significantly reduced the rate (tmax = 2 hours compared with 0.8 hours; Cmax = 216 ng.mL-1 compared to 387 ng.mL-1) and extent of absorption (AUC = 1,047 ng.hr.mL-1 versus 1,269 ng.hr.mL-1). With multiple-dose administration, riluzole showed dose-related absorption, although the terminal plasma half-life was prolonged slightly. Steady-state plasma concentrations were achieved within 5 days. Steady-state trough plasma concentrations were significantly higher with a 75-mg dose twice daily than with a 50-mg dose three times daily, although AUC values did not differ.
Degradation profiles of poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate (PEGDA)-based hydrogel nanoparticles (2019)

Hydrogel nanoparticles (also known as nanogels) have been utilized for a wide range of applications including analytics, sensors, drug delivery, immune engineering, and biotechnology. While these types of nanoparticles can be characterized using standard colloidal characterization techniques, degradation profiles typically must be inferred from those of bulk gels with the same formulation, typically by applying swelling ratios and rheological measurements that tend to severely underestimate nanoparticle degradation rates. Herein, we present an analysis of the degradation via ester hydrolysis of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA)-based hydrogel nanoparticles in water, varied pH conditions, and redox environments. We perform this characterization using thermogravimetric analysis and mass spectrometry to analyze rates of degradation and products released, respectively, and compare results to those for equivalent bulk gel formulations. Our findings show that PEGDA-based nanoparticles display significant mass loss over time accompanied by negligible changes in hydrodynamic diameter, indicating a bulk mode of degradation. Nanoparticle mass loss occurs at a much higher rate than for bulk gels under comparable incubation conditions, confirming that bulk gel degradation serves as a poor surrogate for nanoparticle degradation. We further demonstrate that the incorporation of other diacrylate-based co-monomers drastically accelerates nanoparticle degradation rates. Through formulation considerations of co-monomer content and weight percent of PEGDA, we demonstrate the ability to tune the degradation rates of PEGDA-based nanoparticles on a range of hours to weeks. These findings highlight critical design considerations for enhancing the tunability and utility of PEGDA hydrogel nanoparticles and introduce a rigorous framework for the characterization of nanogel degradation.
Building Market Structures from Consumer Preferences (1996)

The authors present a model that maps competitive market structures by identifying the preference structure of each consumer segment. By marrying two different data types—switching probabilities and attribute ratings—their model divides a market into several homogeneous sub-markets in which consumers consider a distinctive subset of brands (consideration set or competitive group) with a segment-specific rule for attribute evaluations and a segment-specific ideal point. Using data published in Harshman and colleagues’ (1982) work, the authors examine the U. S. car market and find brand-loyal segments for all car types except those favored by first-time buyers, a universal market, and five switching segments that consider car groups differing in the nation of origin, size, and luxury level. Breaking the switching segment into finer partitions gives a better account of the data than the Colombo-Morrison model or an asymmetric generalization of that model. The authors advocate the development of marketing goals with respect to each of the segment maps in the hope that it will lead to more synergistic marketing strategies for brands encountering multifaceted competition.
Quantitative analysis of intermediary metabolism in Tetrahymena. Cells grown in glucose-supplemented medium. (1980)

Te&-ahymenupyriformis were grown to early-stationary phase in proteose-peptone containing -11 m M glucose, resuspended in a dilute salt solution, and incubated for 1 h in the presence of the same mixture of acetate, bicarbonate, fructose, glucose, glutamate, glycerol, hexanoate, pyruvate, and ribose, as used in a preceding study.Over 70 independent measurements of the rates of incorporation of radiolabel 14C from specific carbons of the substrates into COz, glycogen, RNA, lipid glycerol and fatty acids, alanine, glutamate, and glycine were made after 20, 40, and 60 min of incubation.The same structural model of intermediary metabolism that was used to analyze data from control cells was found to be satisfactory for analysis of the data from the glucose-adapted cells.Good fits were obtained to the second and third 20-min intervals of the hour incubation, but the fit to the first 20-min interval was less satisfactory, probably because the system was not yet in a steady state.Glucose-adapted cells showed a 70% decrease in both glucose uptake/phosphorylation and glycogen synthesis relative to control cells grown without glucose.Net glycolytic flux was about &fold higher than in the first 20-min interval in control cells.Even a t the end of the hour, glycolytic flux in the control cells, although increasing, was not as large as in the glucose-preadapted cells.Flux through the glyoxylate bypass was lower than in control cells, while fatty acid synthesis from the peroxisomal pool of acetyl-coA was about 4-fold higher than in control cells.Although the rate of the Krebs cycle was about the same as in control cells, products of glycolysis provided a higher proportion of the fuel burned and acetate utilization by the mitochondrion was correspondingly reduced.A noteworthy Consequence of adaptation to growth in the presence of glucose was a large reduction in futile cycling at both phosphofructokinase/fructose diphosphatase and the P-enolpyruvate/pyruvate/oxalacetate crossroads during incubation with the ninesubstrate mixture.Even after this tightening of metabolic control by preadaptation, about 10% of the potentially available net ATP production is lost due to recycling of P-enolpyruvate.The net rate of ATP production was higher than in control cells, and there was a net production of ATP in the glycolytic plus glycogen synthetic pathways in contrast to the net utilization of ATP by these pathways in control cells.
Immunogenicity of Mannheimia haemolytica Recombinant Outer Membrane Proteins Serotype 1-Specific Antigen, OmpA, OmpP2, and OmpD15 (2011)

We previously identified Mannheimia haemolytica outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that may be important immunogens by using immunoproteomic analyses. Genes for serotype 1-specific antigen (SSA-1), OmpA, OmpP2, and OmpD15 were cloned and expressed, and recombinant proteins were purified. Objective 1 of this study was to demonstrate immunogenicity of the four recombinant OMPs in mice and cattle. Objective 2 was to determine if the addition of individual recombinant OMPs or combinations of them would modify immune responsiveness of mice to the recombinant chimeric protein SAC89, containing the main epitope from M. haemolytica outer membrane lipoprotein PlpE and the neutralizing epitope of M. haemolytica leukotoxin. Mice vaccinated with recombinant OmpA (rOmpA), rSSA-1, rOmpD15, and rOmpP2 developed significant antibody responses to M. haemolytica outer membranes and to the homologous recombinant OMP. Cattle vaccinated with rOmpA and rSSA-1 developed significant antibodies to M. haemolytica outer membranes by day 28, whereas cattle vaccinated with rOmpD15 and rOmpP2 developed only minimal responses. Sera from cattle vaccinated with each of the recombinant proteins stimulated complement-mediated killing of the bacterium. Concurrent vaccination with SAC89 plus any of the four rOMPs singly resulted in increased endpoint anti-SAC89 titers, and for the SAC89/rSSA-1 vaccinees, the response was increased significantly. In contrast, the SAC89/P2/SSA-1 and SAC89/OmpA/P2/D15/SSA-1 combination vaccines resulted in significant decreases in anti-SAC89 antibodies compared to SAC89 vaccination alone. In conclusion, under the conditions of these experiments, vaccination of mice and cattle with rOmpA and rSSA-1 stimulated high antibody responses and may have protective vaccine potential.