gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The preventative effects of vasodilating beta-blockers in cardiovascular disease (1996)

The beta-blocking drugs are known to modify the course of hypertensive and atherosclerotic heart disease and significantly reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with these diseases. The place of vasodilating beta-blocking drugs, of which carvedilol is an example, has not been so clear, although they have obvious theoretical advantages. We performed a study on 12 hypertensive subjects using the technique of continuous ambulatory intra-arterial blood pressure recording which demonstrated that carvedilol (50 mg bid) achieved satisfactory blood pressure control throughout the full 24 h cycle. The addition, there was a marked reduction in left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes with prolonged administration, suggesting a decrease in heart size, confirmed in other studies. A second study in patients with chronic stable angina and impaired left ventricular wall motion showed that carvedilol 25 mg bid not only improved exercise tolerance, but also reduced heart size, improved left ventricular ejection fraction, and abolished wall motion abnormalities. These results prompted a further study in 17 patients with chronic ischaemic heart failure. The haemodynamic and clinical responses to intravenous carvedilol followed by the oral drug 50 mgm b.i.d. for 8 weeks were studied. There was an improvement in all haemodynamic indices, although postural hypotension necessitated withdrawing two patients and clinical deterioration was evident in two others. The beneficial effects of carvedilol were considered to be related to the combined reduction in afterload and inhibition of neurohumeral activation. These results have been confirmed in placebo-controlled, double-blind studies from other workers.
Ground-based simulation of space manipulators using test bed with suspension system (1996)

An experimental system simulating dynamic behavior of space manipulators is constructed for the purpose of technological demonstration of space robots and evaluation of their dynamic features. The system consists of a space robot with dual manipulators, a suspension system, and a control system. The manipulators are hung by wires at each joint of the manipulators to cancel the effect of the ground gravitational force. The tension of the wires is controlled to be constant to simulate on the ground the dynamic behavior of the manipulators in space. Dynamics of the two-link manipulators is analyzed experimentally employing the present ground facility through inspection of their dynamic features in space. The motion of the manipulator is restricted to a vertical plane as the first step of study. The outline of the experimental system is also briefly introduced. The results of the numerical simulation and the experiments show sufficient capability of the on-ground simulation to study dynamic behavior of the manipulator in space.
In vitro transcription of Tomato spotted wilt virus is independent of translation (2004)

Ongoing transcription in vitro of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has previously been demonstrated to require the presence of reticulocyte lysate. This dependence was further investigated by testing the occurrence of transcription in the presence of two translation inhibitors: edeine, an inhibitor that still allows scanning of nascent mRNAs by the 40S ribosomal subunit, and cycloheximide, an inhibitor that completely blocks translation including ribosome scanning. Neither of these inhibitors blocked TSWV transcription initiation or elongation in vitro, as demonstrated by de novo-synthesized viral mRNAs with globin mRNA-derived leader sequences, suggesting that TSWV transcription in vitro requires the presence of (a component within) reticulocyte lysate, rather than a viral protein resulting from translation.
Influence of NaCl on Growth, Proline, and Phospho<i>enol</i>pyruvate Carboxylase Levels in <i>Mesembryanthemum crystallinum</i> Suspension Cultures (1992)

The facultative halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum responds to salt stress by increasing the levels of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) and other enzymes associated with Crassulacean acid metabolism. A more common response to salt stress in sensitive and tolerant species, including M. crystallinum, is the accumulation of proline. We have established M. crystallinum suspension cultures to investigate whether both these salt-induced responses occur at the cellular level. Leaf-and root-derived cultures maintain 5% of the total soluble amino acids as proline. Cell culture growth slows upon addition of 400 millimolar NaCl, and proline levels increase to 40% of the total soluble amino acids. These results suggest a functional salt-stress and response program in Mesembryanthemum cells. Suspension cultures grown with or without 400 millimolar NaCl have PEPCase levels that compare with those from roots and unstressed leaves. The predominant protein cross-reacting with an anti-PEPCase antibody corresponds to 105 kilodaltons (apparent molecular mass), whereas a second species of approximately 110 kilodaltons is present at low levels. In salt-stressed leaves, the 110 kilodalton protein is more prevalent. Levels of mRNA for both ppc1 (salt stress induced in leaves) and ppc2 (constitutive) genes in salt-treated suspensions cultures are equal to unstressed leaves, and only twice the levels found in untreated suspension cultures. Whereas cells accumulate proline in response to NaCl, PEPCase protein amounts remain similar in salt-treated and untreated cultures. The induction upon salt stress of the 110 kilodalton PEPCase protein and other Crassulacean acid metabolism enzymes in organized tissues is not observed in cell culture and may depend on tissue-dependent or photoautotrophy-dependent programs.
Geometry of Quantum Statistical Inference (1996)

An efficient geometric formulation of the problem of parameter estimation is developed, based on Hilbert space geometry. This theory, which allows for a transparent transition between classical and quantum statistical inference, is then applied to the analysis of exponential families of distributions (of relevance to statistical mechanics) and quantum mechanical evolutions. The extension to quantum theory is achieved by the introduction of a complex structure on the given real Hilbert space. We find a set of higher order corrections to the parameter estimation variance lower bound, which are potentially important in quantum mechanics, where these corrections appear as modifications to Heisenberg uncertainty relations for the determination of the parameter.
Implication of Water Molecules at the Silica–Ibuprofen Interface in Silica-Based Drug Delivery Systems Obtained through Incipient Wetness Impregnation (2017)

The dynamical behavior of ibuprofen or benzoic acid (model molecule of ibuprofen) encapsulated in mesoporous silica is very specific as a very high mobility is evidenced at ambient temperature due to the existence of the confinement effect. In this contribution, we demonstrate through variable temperature 1H MAS NMR experiments that this specific dynamical behavior is also related to a fast chemical exchange that takes place between protons of the COOH group of the organic molecule and protons from water molecules at the surface of the silica for materials obtained through incipient wetness impregnation. This phenomenon implies a weak interaction between the guest molecule and the silica surface that is related to the fast release profile of encapsulated ibuprofen observed in vitro.
Automated Speech Act Classification For Online Chat. (2011)

In this paper, we present our investigation on using supervised machine learning methods to automatically classify online chat posts into speech act categories, which are semantic categories indicating speakers ’ intentions. Supervised machine learning methods presuppose the existence of annotated training data based on which machine learning algorithms can be used to learn the parameters of some model that was proposed to solve the task at hand. In our case, we used the annotated Linguistic Data Consortium chat corpus to tune our model which is based on the assumption that the first few tokens/words in each chat post are very predictive of the post’s speech act category. We present results for predicting the speech act category of chat posts that were obtained using two machine learning algorithms, Naïve Bayes and Decision Trees, in conjunction with several variants of the basic model that include the first 2 to 6 words and their part-of-speech tags as features. The results support the validity of our initial assumption that the first words in an utterance can be used to predict its speech act category with very good accuracy.
Supramolecular gel chemistry: developments over the last decade (2010)

This highlight gives a brief flavour of the development of gels derived from low molecular weight gelators broadly in the first decade of the 2000's. A particular theme is the emergence of switchable gels and increasing hi-tech niche application areas. Control and exploitation of supramolecular gels forms a huge part of the grand challenge of directed assembly of extended structures with targeted properties.
Relationship between in Vivo Activity and in Vitro Measures of Function and Stability of a Protein (1995)

The in vivo activities of mutant proteins are readily measured and can potentially be used to estimate changes in in vitro properties such as stability or function, but this connection has not been rigorously established. Gene V protein is a small protein produced by bacteriophage f1 that binds to single-stranded DNA and to RNA and for which fitness can be assayed both in vivo and in vitro. We have assembled a large number of temperature-sensitive mutants of the gene V protein of bacteriophage f1 and measured their ability to support phage growth and replication in vivo. We have also purified many of these mutant gene V proteins and measured their stabilities and ssDNA binding affinities in vitro. Mutations at surface residues frequently yielded temperature-sensitive mutants, but remarkably, no overall correlation between in vivo activity and in vitro measures of either stability or function was found for this group. Mutations at buried residues often lead to the temperature-sensitive phenotype. At buried sites temperature sensitivity was strongly correlated with in vitro stability changes, but not with in vitro ssDNA binding affinity. The implication of these observations for protein engineering efforts is that phenotypes conferred by amino acid substitutions at buried sites can be used to identify mutants whose stabilities fall into ranges of interest, while phenotypes of mutants with surface substitutions may be much less readily interpreted, even in the case of a single-stranded-DNA-binding protein.
A Shortened “Basic English” Version (Form<i>C</i>) of the 16<i>PF</i>Questionnaire (1956)

(1956). A Shortened “Basic English” Version (Form C) of the 16 PF Questionnaire. The Journal of Social Psychology: Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 257-278.
ChemInform Abstract: FULVENES AND FULVALENES. 29. 6‐HALOFULVENES FROM LITHIUM CARBENOIDS AND CYCLOPENTENONE (1981)

Abstract Die Reaktion der Lithiumhalogenalkyle (I) mit dem Cyclopentenon (II) liefert die Halogenalkylcyclopentenole (III), die sich säurekatalysiert zu den 6‐Halogenfulvenen (IV) umsetzen lassen.
Channel sounding for high-speed railway communication systems (2015)

High-speed railway (HSR) communications have recently attracted much attention due to some specific railway needs, such as passenger experience services, business process support services, and operational data and voice services. The HSR radio channel, as a basis for the design of HSR communication systems and the evaluation of HSR communication technologies, has not yet been sufficiently investigated. This article focuses on radio channel sounding techniques for future HSR communication systems. Emphasis is placed on the fundamental features of measuring the HSR channel, and a review of the state of the art in HSR channel measurements is given. We also propose a novel LTE-based HSR channel sounding scheme and present results from our own measurement campaigns.
A Compressed PCA Subspace Method for Anomaly Detection in High-Dimensional Data (2011)

Random projection is widely used as a method of dimension reduction. In recent years, its combination with standard techniques of regression and classification has been explored. Here we examine its use with principal component analysis (PCA) and subspace detection methods. Specifically, we show that, under appropriate conditions, with high probability the magnitude of the residuals of a PCA analysis of randomly projected data behaves comparably to that of the residuals of a similar PCA analysis of the original data. Our results indicate the feasibility of applying subspace-based anomaly detection algorithms to randomly projected data, when the data are high-dimensional but have a covariance of an appropriately compressed nature. We illustrate in the context of computer network traffic anomaly detection.
Hydrogen diffusion and pressure control of encapsulated MEMS resonators (2005)

We have investigated the diffusion of hydrogen through the oxide and silicon of our single-wafer vacuum package. We have encapsulated micromechanical silicon resonators in vacuum beneath a 20 /spl mu/m polysilicon layer. While we have not been able to measure any change in pressure of parts at room temperature over a period of nine months, we have been able to accelerate the diffusion of hydrogen through the encapsulation using elevated temperatures. While placing encapsulated resonators in elevated temperature, we select the furnace gas condition to diffuse hydrogen gas in or out. This is an enabling step toward forecasting long-term hermiticity of the encapsulation, and it provides the ability to set the pressure inside the encapsulation with a simple set of furnace processes. Also, the ability of the encapsulation to withstand more than twenty of these temperature cycles between room temperature and 300/spl deg/C-400/spl deg/C is evidence of the robustness of the package.
Full-Stokes imaging polarimeter using an array of elliptical polarizer (2014)

In this paper, a full-Stokes imaging polarimeter operating at 580 nm using an array of elliptical polarizers is presented. The division-of-focal-plane polarimeter utilizes a set of four optimized measurements which represent a regular tetrahedron inscribed in the Poincaré sphere. Results from the device fabrication, instrument calibration and characterization are presented. The performance of the optimized full Stokes polarimeter, as defined by size of the standard deviation of the degree of circular polarization, is found to be approximately five times better than the performance of the simple full-Stokes polarimeter.
Evidence for the continuation of meiosis and spermiogenesis in in vitro cultures of spermatogenic cells from <i>Xenopus laevis</i> (1979)

Abstract Spermatogenic cells were obtained from Xenopus laevis testes by collagenase dissociation and subsequently separated into two fractions by density gradient centrifugation in Metrizamide and by unit gravity sedimentation in bovine serum albumin gradients. One fraction was highly enriched for primary spermatocytes while the other fraction was highly enriched for early‐mid stage spermatids. The cells from each fraction were cultured separately in modified DNOM medium for 23 days to determine the extent to which differentiation could be maintained in vitro. Differential cell counts revealed that early‐mid stage spermatids continues to differentiate in vitro through the stages of cytoplasmic shedding. Spermatocytes passed through both meiotic divisions throughout the 23 day period and produced spermatids which also differentiated through the cytoplasmic shedding stages. The results demonstrated that significant differentiative potential is retained by Xenopus spermatogenic cells cultured in vitro even after dissociation and cell separation procedurs.
Führungssysteme für unbemannte Luftfahrzeuge (2008)

Einführung in die Thematik UAV-Führung Beschreibung der Versuchseinrichtungen Präsentation der Versuchsergebnisse der Projekte LDDL, WASLA-HALE und USICO
Synthèse et caractérisation de copolymères séquencés polyoxyéthylène/poly‐ε‐caprolactone (1972)

Abstract On a montré que les fonctions terminales d'un polyoxyéthylèneglycol disodé sont capables d'amorcer la polyaddition de l'ε‐caprolactone. On a préparé de cette manière une série de copolymères triséquencés poly‐ε‐caprolactone/polyoxyéthylène/poly‐ε‐caprolactone, comportant des séquences de longueur variée. Les échantillons ont été fractionnés à 34°C par addition progressive d'isooctane à leur solution dans le benzène. Les différentes fractions ont été caractérisées par osmométrie, tonométrie, dosage chimique des extrémités des chaǐnes macromoléculaires, résonance magnétique nucléaire et analyse chimique élémentaire. On a montré que les copolymères synthétisés contenaient au départ des quantités appréciables de poly‐ε‐caprolactone homopolymère de masse moléculaire peu élevée, mais qu'il était facile de les en débarrasser par simple précipitation fractionnée.
Resource allocation in a flexible manufacturing system by graph matching (2002)

Resource allocation in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS), such as assignment of resources to tasks, can be solved efficiently using graph matching methods. The FMS is modeled as a graph: the vertices are resources and tasks, and the edges ar relationships between the resources and tasks. Resources are allocated by finding a match in the graph. The general matching problem is reviewed as an optimization problem; the more specific maximum cardinality 1-matching problem is discussed in detail. A direct parallelization of an algorithm is described which may be regarded as an archetype for implementation on a distributed network of computers in a large FMS. In such an FMS, planning activities such as resource allocation are decentralized, allowing for quicker and more detailed planning.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Situation Aspect as a Universal Aspect*: Implications for Artificial Languages (2002)

Aspect， as one of the elements of verb mechanics， has been over- looked by many language designers. This paper argues that an artificial language， designed as a universal language for international communication， should incorporate the “universal" component of aspect found cross-linguistically in natural languages. In doing so， the paper develops a two-level model of situation aspect in which situation aspect is modelled as verb classes at the lexical level and as situation types at the sentential level. With a framework consisting of a lexicon， a layered clause structure and a set of mapping rules， the model is developed and tested using an English corpus and a Chinese corpus.
D-optimal partially replicated two-level factorial designs (2011)

When designing a two-level factorial experiment, a cost-effective com- promise for obtaining a replication-based estimate of the error variance is to con- duct a partial replication on unreplicated designs. In this article, based on the D-optimality criterion, we focus on selecting a partial replication from the orthog- onal designs derived from Hadamard matrices. It is shown that the augmented designs, composed of the chosen partial replication and the orthogonal designs, are highly efficient. We obtain (i) sufficient conditions for the augmented designs to be D-optimal over their corresponding classes; (ii) a construction method for the desired designs.
CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF WASTE HEAT TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY (1960)

Chemical and electrochemical reactions are being studied for converting heat to electrical energy. Current work is devoted to the production of breadboard models of two systems. One complete system, based on chlorides of Sb, has been operated on a very small scale. Attributes of this system are simplicity of thermal regeneration, an operating temperature range between 300 and 600 deg K, conversion efficiencies above 15%, and moderate power density. The higher power densities were computed for a system based on chlorides of Te and Cu. Stepwise operation of all phb chlorides. Supporting studies reported include thermal decomposition of TeCl4 and of SbCl5, vapor pressure of melts of AlCl3 with CuCl2 and with CuCl, and corrosion studies in SbCl5.
Wireless magnetic sensor node for vehicle detection using finite element simulation (2013)

Magnetic sensors have been proposed for vehicle detection because they are sensitive, small and more immune to environmental factors such as rain, wind, snow, dust or fog than sensing systems based on video cameras, ultrasound or infrared radiation. In this paper, we present a novel scheme for vehicle detection by using wireless magnetic sensor nodes. The simulation model of vehicle moving in the Earth's magnetic field is proposed using a 2D transient linear motion with Ansoft Maxwell software. The simulation results show that the speed of vehicle can be detected by two magnetic sensors. The motion direction of vehicle can be detected by the B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> signal of a single magnetic sensor. Moreover, whether the parking position is empty or not can be determined by the B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> signal and the B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> signal. The simulation results will play a significant role for the magnetic sensor design and deployment.