gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Approach to Allergy Diagnosis and Therapy (2014)

Presently, allergy diagnosis and therapy procedures are undergoing a transition phase in which allergen extracts are being step-by-step replaced by molecule-based products. The new developments will allow clinicians to obtain detailed information on sensitization patterns, more accurate interpretation of allergic symptoms, and thus improved patients' management. In this respect, recombinant technology has been applied to develop this new generation of molecule-based allergy products. The use of recombinant allergens allows full validation of identity, quantity, homogeneity, structure, aggregation, solubility, stability, IgE-binding and the biologic potency of the products. In contrast, such parameters are extremely difficult to assay and standardize for extract-based products. In addition to the possibility of bulk production of wild type molecules for diagnostic purposes, recombinant technology opened the possibility of developing safer and more efficacious products for allergy therapy. A number of molecule-based hypoallergenic preparations have already been successfully evaluated in clinical trials, bringing forward the next generation of allergy vaccines. In this contribution, we review the latest developments in allergen characterization, molecule-based allergy diagnosis, and the application of recombinant allergens in therapeutic setups. A comprehensive overview of clinical trials using recombinant allergens as well as synthetic peptides is presented.
A Versatile Method for Direct and Covalent Immobilization of DNA and Proteins on Biochips (2007)

Stuck on sensing: A method is presented for the immobilization of aryl diazonium modified biomolecules by direct electrografting onto the surface of a conducting material to create effective on-chip sensing layers (see picture). Proof of concept is given for both proteins (antibodies, enzymes) and DNA. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2007/z605010_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ridge waveguide as a near field aperture for high density data storage (2004)

The performance of the ridge waveguide as a near-field aperture in data storage systems is investigated. Finite element method (FEM) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) based software are used in the numerical simulations. To verify their accuracy at optical frequencies, the FEM and FDTD are first compared to analytical results. The accuracy of these techniques for modeling ridge waveguides at optical frequencies is also evaluated by comparing their results with each other for a plane wave illumination. The FEM, which is capable of modeling focused beams, is then used to simulate various geometries involving ridge waveguides. Near-field radiation from ridge waveguide transducer is expressed in terms of power density quantities. Previous studies in the literature consider the performance of the transducer in free space, rather than in the presence of a recording magnetic medium. The effect of the recording magnetic medium on the transmission efficiency and spot size is discussed using numerical simulations. The effect of various geometric parameters on the optical spot size and transmission efficiency is investigated and discussed. Based on our numerical simulations, a promising transducer design is suggested to obtain intense optical spots well below the diffraction limit. Numerical simulations suggest that a full width at half maximum spot diameter of 31nm in the recording magnetic medium can be obtained. The maximum value of the absorbed optical power density in the recording medium is about 1.67×10−4mW∕nm3 for a 100mW input power. In-track and cross-track profiles for this design are compared with Gaussian distributions.
A Steric Block in Translation Caused by the Antibiotic Spectinomycin (2007)

The widely used antibiotic spectinomycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by blocking translocation of messenger RNA and transfer RNAs on the ribosome. Here, we show that in crystals of the Escherichia coli 70S ribosome spectinomycin binding traps a distinct swiveling state of the head domain of the small ribosomal subunit. Spectinomycin also alters the rate and completeness of reverse translocation in vitro. These structural and biochemical data indicate that in solution spectinomycin sterically blocks swiveling of the head domain of the small ribosomal subunit and thereby disrupts the translocation cycle.
Adaptive distributed noise reduction for speech enhancement in wireless acoustic sensor networks (2010)

status: Published
A UNIX-based ATM multimedia architecture (2002)

Describes the design and implementation of a multimedia architecture for UNIX in an ATM environment. An ATM card has been designed for the EISA bus and provides host connectivity to an ATM network. Applications that use standard protocols such as TCP/IP are supported, as well as other applications that require a raw AAL5 service. To support continuous media applications such as digital video/audio, a kernel module has been designed and incorporated into the UNIX operating system. The kernel module provides an in-kernel data path which allows digital video/audio streaming directly between an ATM network adapter and a display device.
Stability and beam divergence of multimode lasers with internal variable lenses (1981)

A resonator with an internal lens can be characterized by its equivalent g-parameters which give the regions of stability if the lens has variable focal length. However, other properties are not given by this equivalence and have to be investigated by means of the resonator matrix method. Beam diameter, divergence angle, number of transversal modes, positions of beam waists, stability, and the correlations of these parameters with position and focal length of the internal lens are discussed. Regions of low sensitivity to variations of the focal length are evaluated and compared with experimental results. For some special resonator configurations numerical results are presented.
Applications of Classification and Regression Tree Methods in Roadway Safety Studies (1996)

In recent years a number of nonparametric regression-type statistical procedures have been developed. Classification and regression trees (CART) is one such method that can be used as a classifier for a discrete-valued response variable or as a regression model for a continuous response variable. Advantages of CART over many other methods are its ability to include a relatively large number of independent variables and to identify complex interactions among these variables. A brief description of the CART procedure is given, and its application as a classifier and as a regression model to highway safety analyses is illustrated.
Cytokeratin 17 and p63 are markers of the HPV target cell, the cervical stem cell. (2004)

We conclude that both p63 and CK17 are suitable markers for cervical stem cell identification. Both markers, therefore, qualify for the identification of the HPV target cell.
Chronically Decerebrate Rats Demonstrate Satiation But Not Bait Shyness (1978)

Taste substances applied to the oral cavity result in either ingestion or rejection, each with a characteristic muscular response pattern. These responses are the same in decerebrate and intact rats; the caudal brainstem appears to be the neural substrate of ingestion and rejection responses. The experiment determined whether decerebrates can alter these discriminative responses as a function of food deprivation or toxicosis. Food-deprived decerebrate rats, like intact ones, ingested a taste substance they had rejected when sated. However, these same decerebrates, in contrast to controls, neither rejected nor decreased ingestive reactions to a novel taste after that taste had been repeatedly paired with lithium chloride-induced illness. Although the forebrain may be important for integrating ingestion, some aspects of this control seem to be represented in caudal brain areas.
A machine for neural computation of acoustical patterns with application to real time speech recognition (1986)

400 analog electronic neurons have been assembled and connected for the analysis and recognition of acoustical patterns, including speech. Input to the net comes from a set of 18 band pass filters (Qmax 300 dB/octave; 180 to 6000 Hz, log scale). The net is organized into two parts, the first performs in real time the decomposition of the input patterns into their primitives of energy, space (frequency) and time relations. The other part decodes the set of primitives.216 neurons are dedicated to pattern decomposition. The output of the individual filters is rectified and fed to two sets of 18 neurons in an opponent center‐surround organization of synaptic connections (‘‘on center’’ and (‘‘off center’’). These units compute maxima and minima of energy at different frequencies.The next two sets of neutrons compute the temporal boundaries (‘‘on’’) and ‘‘off’’) and the following two the movement of the energy maxima (formants) up or down the frequency axis. There are in addition ‘‘hyperacuity’’ units which exp...
Automating database schema evolution in information system upgrades (2009)

The complexity, cost, and down-time currently created by the database schema evolution process is the source of incessant problems in the life of information systems and a major stumbling block that prevent graceful upgrades. Furthermore, our studies shows that the serious problems encountered by traditional information systems are now further exacerbated in web information systems and cooperative scientific databases where the frequency of schema changes has increased while tolerance for downtimes has nearly disappeared. The PRISM project seeks to develop the methods and tools that turn this error-prone and time-consuming process into one that is controllable, predictable and avoids down-time. Toward this goal, we have assembled a large testbed of schema evolution histories, and developed a language of Schema Modification Operators (SMO) to express concisely these histories. Using this language, the database administrator can specify new schema changes, and then rely on PRISM to (i) predict the effect of these changes on current applications, (ii) translate old queries and updates to work on the new schema version, (iii) perform data migration, and (iv) generate full documentation of intervened changes. Furthermore, PRISM achieves good usability and scalability by incorporating recent advances on mapping composition and invertibility in the implementation of (ii). The progress in automating schema evolution so achieved provides the enabling technology for other advances, such as light-weight database design methodologies that embrace changes as the regular state of software. While these topics remain largely unexplored, and thus provide rich opportunities for future research, an important area which we have been investigated is that of archival information systems, where PRISM query mapping techniques were used to support flashback and historical queries for database archives under schema evolution.
Concise Review: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Lineage Reprogramming: Prospects for Bone Regeneration (2011)

Bone tissue for transplantation therapies is in high demand in clinics. Osteodegenerative diseases, in particular, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, represent serious public health issues affecting a respectable proportion of the elderly population. Furthermore, congenital indispositions from the spectrum of craniofacial malformations such as cleft palates and systemic disorders including osteogenesis imperfecta are further increasing the need for bone tissue. Additionally, the reconstruction of fractured bone elements after accidents and the consumption of bone parts during surgical tumor excisions represent frequent clinical situations with deficient availability of healthy bone tissue for therapeutic transplantations. Epigenetic reprogramming represents a powerful technology for the generation of healthy patient-specific cells to replace or repair diseased or damaged tissue. The recent generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is probably the most promising among these approaches dominating the literature of current stem cell research. It allows the generation of pluripotent stem cells from adult human skin cells from which potentially all cell types of the human body could be obtained. Another technique to produce clinically interesting cell types is direct lineage reprogramming (LR) with the additional advantage that it can be applied directly in vivo to reconstitute a damaged organ. Here, we want to present the two technologies of iPSCs and LR, to outline the current states of research, and to discuss possible strategies for their implementation in bone regeneration.
Suramin Toxicity and Efficacy in Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (1993)

Journal Article Suramin Toxicity and Efficacy in Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia Get access Ayalew Tefferi, Ayalew Tefferi Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Correspondence to : Ayalew Teffen, M.D., Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Murray N. Silverstein, Murray N. Silverstein Division of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elizabeth A. Plumhoff, Elizabeth A. Plumhoff Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Joel M. Reid, Joel M. Reid Division of Developmental Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Matthew M. Ames Matthew M. Ames Division of Developmental Oncology Research, Mayo Clinic and Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn * See “Notes” section following “References.” Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 18, 15 September 1993, Pages 1520–1522, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.18.1520 Published: 15 September 1993 Article history Received: 04 March 1993 Revision received: 11 May 1993 Accepted: 07 July 1993 Published: 15 September 1993
Theoretical efficiency of SnO2/Si solar cells (1979)

At present SnO2/Si solar cells with efficiencies greater than 12% have been fabricated. The maximum theoretical efficiency attainable with such cells is of great interest and is reported in the present paper. The cells behave very much like MIS devices. The insulating oxide and surface density of states at the interface affect the performance of the device mainly through the diode constant and the barrier height φB. The theoretical maximum short-circuit photocurrent, the open-circuit photovoltage, and the fill factor are 36 mA/cm2, 0.66 V, and 0.84, respectively. They yield a maximum theoretical efficiency of 20%.
miR-7a alleviates the maintenance of neuropathic pain through regulation of neuronal excitability (2013)

Neuronal damage in the somatosensory system causes intractable chronic neuropathic pain. Plastic changes in sensory neuron excitability are considered the cellular basis of persistent pain. Non-coding microRNAs modulate specific gene translation to impact on diverse cellular functions and their dysregulation causes various diseases. However, their significance in adult neuronal functions and disorders is still poorly understood. Here, we show that miR-7a is a key functional RNA sustaining the late phase of neuropathic pain through regulation of neuronal excitability in rats. In the late phase of neuropathic pain, microarray analysis identified miR-7a as the most robustly decreased microRNA in the injured dorsal root ganglion. Moreover, local induction of miR-7a, using an adeno-associated virus vector, in sensory neurons of injured dorsal root ganglion, suppressed established neuropathic pain. In contrast, miR-7a overexpression had no effect on acute physiological or inflammatory pain. Furthermore, miR-7a downregulation was sufficient to cause pain-related behaviours in intact rats. miR-7a targeted the β2 subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel, and decreased miR-7a associated with neuropathic pain caused increased β2 subunit protein expression, independent of messenger RNA levels. Consistently, miR-7a overexpression in primary sensory neurons of injured dorsal root ganglion suppressed increased β2 subunit expression and normalized long-lasting hyperexcitability of nociceptive neurons. These findings demonstrate miR-7a downregulation is causally involved in maintenance of neuropathic pain through regulation of neuronal excitability, and miR-7a replenishment offers a novel therapeutic strategy specific for chronic neuropathic pain.
The effects of the semirecumbent position on hemodynamic status in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation: prospective randomized multivariable analysis (2013)

HBE to the 45° position is associated with significant decreases in MAP and ScvO2 in mechanically ventilated patients. Pressure-controlled ventilation, higher simplified acute physiology (SAPS II) score, sedation, high catecholamine, and PEEP requirements were identified as independent risk factors for hypotension after backrest elevation. Patients at risk may need positioning at 20° to 30° to overcome the negative effects of HBE, especially in the early phase of intensive care unit admission.
The human reduced folate carrier gene is ubiquitously and differentially expressed in normal human tissues: identification of seven non-coding exons and characterization of a novel promoter (2002)

Our previous study identified two alternate non-coding upstream exons (A and B) in the human reduced folate carrier (hRFC) gene, each controlled by a separate promoter. Each minimal promoter was regulated by unique cis -elements and transcription factors, including stimulating protein (Sp) 1 and Sp3 and the basic leucine zipper family of proteins, suggesting opportunities for cell- and tissue-specific regulation. Studies were performed to explore the expression patterns of hRFC in human tissues and cell lines. Levels of hRFC transcripts were measured on a multi-tissue mRNA array from 76 human tissues and tumour cell lines and on a multi-tissue Northern blot of representative tissues, each probed with full-length hRFC cDNA. hRFC transcripts were ubiquitously expressed, with the highest level in placenta and the lowest level in skeletal muscle. By rapid amplification of cDNA 5'-ends assay from nine tissues and two cell lines, hRFC transcripts containing both A and B 5'-untranslated regions (UTRs) were identified. However, five additional 5'-UTRs (designated A1, A2, C, D and E) were detected, mapping over 35 kb upstream from the hRFC translation start site. The 5'-UTRs were characterized by multiple transcription start sites and/or alternative splice forms. At least 18 unique hRFC transcripts were detected. A novel promoter was localized to a 453 bp fragment, including 442 upstream of exon C and 11 bp of exon C. A 346 bp repressor flanked the 3'-end of this promoter. Our results suggest an intricate regulation of hRFC gene expression involving multiple promoters and non-coding exons. Moreover, they provide a transcriptional framework for understanding the role of hRFC in the pathophysiology of folate deficiency and antifolate drug selectivity.
Characterization of tau positron emission tomography tracer [<sup>18</sup>F]AV‐1451 binding to postmortem tissue in Alzheimer's disease, primary tauopathies, and other dementias (2016)

[<sup>18</sup>F]AV-1451 binds to tau in AD, and some other tauopathies. However, evidence for a non-tau binding site and lack of correlation between tracer binding and antibody staining suggest that reliable quantification of tau load with this tracer is problematic.
Stress induced birefringence tuning in femtosecond laser fabricated waveguides in fused silica (2012)

Femtosecond laser exposure produces form and stress birefringence in glasses, mainly controlled by laser polarization and pulse energy, which leads to challenges in certain applications where polarization mode dispersion or birefringence splitting is critical for the desired responses from optical devices. In this paper, parallel laser modification tracks with different geometries were applied to preferentially stress the laser-written waveguides and explore the possibility of tuning the waveguide birefringence in devices fabricated in bulk fused silica glass. Polarization splitting in Bragg grating waveguides showed the laser modification tracks to controllably add or subtract stress to the pre-existing waveguide birefringence, demonstrating independence from the nanograting induced form birefringence and the contributions from material stress. Stressing bars are shown that offer tunable birefringence in the range from ~0 up to 4.35 × 10(-4), possibly enabling great flexibility in designing polarization dependent devices, as well as making polarization independent devices.