gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synergetic Catalysis of Bimetallic CuCo Nanocomposites for Selective Hydrogenation of Bioderived Esters (2017)

Bimetallic catalysts based on nonprecious transition metals have attracted increasing attention because of their unique synergistic effects in catalytic reactions, but the understanding of the nature of synergistic effects and their roles in a specific hydrogenation reaction remains lacking. Herein, a series of bimetallic CuxCoy/Al2O3 (x/y = 5:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5) nanocomposite catalysts were fabricated via the successive calcination and reductive activation process of layered double hydroxide precursors. Their catalytic performance in the selective hydrogenation of bioderived ethyl levulinate to 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PeD) depended sensitively on the chemical composition of bimetallic CuCo catalysts. The optimal bimetallic Cu2Co1/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited markedly improved catalytic activity and selectivity compared to monometallic Cu/Al2O3, as confirmed by its lower apparent activation energy barrier of 65.1 kJ mol–1 of the rate-determining step and its high selectivity of 93% to 1,4-PeD. Detailed characterization analyses and intrinsic catalytic studies revealed that the presence of CoOx species in the bimetallic CuxCoy/Al2O3 catalysts enhanced the metallic Cu dispersion and H2 activation ability. More importantly, the strong electronic interaction at the interface of Cu and adjacent CoOx species modified the chemical states of Cu species to create proper surface Cu0/Cu+ distributions and, particularly, provided synergic catalysis sites of Cu and electron-deficient CoOx species, which was primarily responsible for the excellent catalytic performance of bimetallic CuCo catalysts. The bimetallic CuCo catalysts exhibited good stability in both batch and fixed-bed continuous flow reactions. Furthermore, present CuCo nanocomposite catalyst could be applied to the highly selective hydrogenation of other carboxylic esters and lactones to synthesize valuable C4, C5, and C6 diols.
A millimeter wave varactor with low parasitics (1971)

P-n and metal-semiconductor GaAs varactors with typical zero-bias capacitance of 0.15 pF and cutoff frequency of 700 GHz have been fabricated. The associated parasitic capacitance was 0.025 pF and the series inductance was 0.08 nH. The varactors have been used without degradation from 15°K to 400°K. The fabrication processes and the properties of these devices are described.
Triterpene acids from Toddalia asiatica (2005)

Four new triterpene acids,2#alpha#,3#alpha#, 19#alpha#-trihydroxy-11-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid(1) ,2#alpha#,3#alpha#, 11#alpha#, 19#alpha#-tetrahydroxy-urs12-en-28-oic acid(2), 2#alpha#, 3#alpha#-dihydroxy-19-oxo-18, 19-seco-urs-11, 13 ( 18)-dien-28-oic acid(3) and 2#alpha#, 3#beta#, 19#alpha#-trihydroxyolean-11, 13( 18)-dien-28-olic acid(4)were isolated from the stem of Toddalia asiatica, along with the known compounds euscaphic acid (5), arjunic acid(6), toddaculin, toddalolactone and #beta#-sitosterol. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence.
Operating Characteristics of a Thin Film Memory (1959)

An experimental prototype memory with 32 ten bit words has been designed, built, and tested. Circular spots 116 in. in diameter about 600 A thick are used. These are evaporated on two pieces of glass each comprising a 16×16 spot array. An operating cycle time of less than one-half microsecond appears possible. The circuitry for driving and sensing is transistorized and the memory uses external register selection from a core-diode matrix. Word selection is provided by a transverse field, and a digit winding conditions the information written by applying a longitudinal field in the “one” or “zero” direction. Extension to sizes of the order of 1000 words is planned using these techniques. The memory constructed here will soon be installed in the control element of the TX-2 computer.
Superlative carotenoids. (2012)

A selection of carotenoids beyond normal appearance or properties has been presented at the 16(th) International Symposium on Carotenoids. Some of the exceptional compounds shown at the conference cannot be reproduced in this proceeding since they have not yet been published. In addition, editorial space limitation does not allow illustrating all of the previously mentioned carotenoids.
Power quality enhancement using a unified switched capacitor compensator (2004)

The paper presents a low cost switched capacitor filter compensator for power quality enhancement and harmonic mitigation of computerized networks with nonlinear temporal electric loads. The power filter/capacitor compensator unified scheme provides an effective way to enhance power quality, reduce harmonics and waveform distortion for computerized low voltage utilization networks characterized with a temporal nonlinear switch mode power supplies (SMPS). The new unified switched filter capacitive compensator (USCS) is an extension of a family of static compensators, electrical energy saving devices and switched/modulated passive filters developed by the first author.
Three Different Regulatory Mechanisms Enable Yeast Hexose Transporter ( <i>HXT</i> ) Genes To Be Induced by Different Levels of Glucose (1995)

The HXT genes (HXT1 to HXT4) of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encode hexose transporters. We found that transcription of these genes is induced 10- to 300-fold by glucose. Analysis of glucose induction of HXT gene expression revealed three types of regulation: (i) induction by glucose independent of sugar concentration (HXT3); (ii) induction by low levels of glucose and repression at high glucose concentrations (HXT2 and HXT4); and (iii) induction only at high glucose concentrations (HXT1). The lack of expression of all four HXT genes in the absence of glucose is due to a repression mechanism that requires Rgt1p and Ssn6p. GRR1 seems to encode a positive regulator of HXT expression, since grr1 mutants are defective in glucose induction of all four HXT genes. Mutations in RGT1 suppress the defect in HXT expression caused by grr1 mutations, leading us to propose that glucose induces HXT expression by activating Grr1p, which inhibits the function of the Rgt1p repressor. HXT1 expression is also induced by high glucose levels through another regulatory mechanism: rgt1 mutants still require high levels of glucose for maximal induction of HXT1 expression. The lack of induction of HXT2 and HXT4 expression on high levels of glucose is due to glucose repression: these genes become induced at high glucose concentrations in glucose repression mutants (hxk2, reg1, ssn6, tup1, or mig1). Components of the glucose repression pathway (Hxk2p and Reg1p) are also required for generation of the high-level glucose induction signal for expression of the HXT1 gene. Thus, the glucose repression and glucose induction mechanisms share some of the same components and may share the same primary signal generated from glucose.
Electrochemical detection for capillary electrophoresis (1991)

Abstract Capillary electrophoresis and the use of electrochemically based detection schemes for capillary electrophoresis are reviewed. The three different electrochemical methods used in capillary electrophoresis include potentiometric, conductivity, and amperometric detection.
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction and Characteristics Computation of Corn Ears Based on Machine Vision (2014)

Three-dimensional shape descriptors of corn ears are important traits in corn breeding, genetic and genomics research, however it is difficult to accurately and consistently measure 3D features of corn ears by hand or traditional tools. This study presents a 3D modeling method based on machine vision to reconstruct the 3D model of corn ears for quantitative feature computation and analysis. Firstly, a simple machine vision system is designed to capture images of corn ears from different angles of view. The corn ears in these images are then registered in the uniform coordinate system using a rapid process pipeline which consists of image processing, object detection, distortion correction and registration in pixel level etc. After the registration, the point sets in edge contours and center skeletons of corn ears are used to reconstruct the surface model based on resample and interpolation techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that the presented method can not only build realistic 3D models of corn ears for visualization, also be used to accurately compute geometric characteristics.
Penetrating Brain Wounds. Analysis of 342 Cases (1945)

C OMPLETE analysis of a series of 84~ penetrating brain wounds constitutes a difficult and long term task. The patients must be studied over a period of years. [ he incidence of epilepsy, late infection, psychiatric problems and estimation of the patients' eventual social worth must be evaluated. Such an analysis is beyond the scope of this report, which deals with the actual treatment, postoperative care, and the immediate results. I t is desired to stress the repetitious nature of the lesions and to present a resultant classification. The surgical problems encountered, and the methods evolved to cope with them, will be described. Dr. Cushing's 3,4 series of 133 penetrating brain wounds during the last war, Ascroft's 1 series of ~9~ such wounds, Cairns '2 report and the Russian experience s have guided our surgical efforts. I t was found, however, that some problems had not been solved and that new and more efficient methods had to be found. The burden of neurologic surgery in the field was heavy, and the tedious procedures, familiar to all neurologic surgeons, had to be shortened. I t became possible finally to operate upon as many as twelve difficult, penetrating brain wounds in twenty-four hours and still maintain Halsted-Cushing technique. A trained team consisting of instrument nurse, anesthetist, and two medical corpsmen, plus invaluable surgeon-assistantst, constituted the direct solution to the demand for speed and efficiency. Surgical technique and routine must be standardized, despite necessary improvisations. This series of penetrating brain wounds is collected from the experiences of the author in the North African, Sicilian and Western European campaigns. They are part of a larger experience dealing with the more simple aspects of wartime neurologic surgery, such as compound, depressed skull fractures, scalp lacerations, closed head injuries, spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries. They were all operated upon by the author, or by an assistant under the author's direct supervision. ] 'hey were collected from Oran to Tunis, from Licato to Messina, Sicily and from the grim beach-head on Normandy, through France, Belgimn, Holland and Germany. They were operated upon, some times under fire, in Clearing Stations, Field Hospitals, and Evacuation Hospitals. A distorted picture of the magnitude of brain damage caused by war
Chemical Structure and Properties of Interstrand Cross-Links Formed by Reaction of Guanine Residues with Abasic Sites in Duplex DNA (2015)

A new type of interstrand cross-link resulting from the reaction of a DNA abasic site with a guanine residue on the opposing strand of the double helix was recently identified, but the chemical connectivity of the cross-link was not rigorously established. The work described here was designed to characterize the chemical structure and properties of dG-AP cross-links generated in duplex DNA. The approach involved characterization of the nucleoside cross-link "remnant" released by enzymatic digestion of DNA duplexes containing the dG-AP cross-link. We first carried out a chemical synthesis and complete spectroscopic structure determination of the putative cross-link remnant 9b composed of a 2-deoxyribose adduct attached to the exocyclic N(2)-amino group of dG. A reduced analogue of the cross-link remnant was also prepared (11b). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed that the retention times and mass spectral properties of synthetic standards 9b and 11b matched those of the authentic cross-link remnants released by enzymatic digestion of duplexes containing the native and reduced dG-AP cross-link, respectively. These results establish the chemical connectivity of the dG-AP cross-link released from duplex DNA and provide a foundation for detection of this lesion in biological samples. The dG-AP cross-link in duplex DNA was remarkably stable, decomposing with a half-life of 22 days at pH 7 and 23 °C. The intrinsic chemical stability of the dG-AP cross-link suggests that this lesion in duplex DNA may have the power to block DNA-processing enzymes involved in transcription and replication.
Putative <i>Arabidopsis</i> Transcriptional Adaptor Protein (PROPORZ1) is required to modulate histone acetylation in response to auxin (2010)

Plant development is highly adaptable and controlled by a combination of various regulatory circuits that integrate internal and environmental cues. The phytohormone auxin mediates such growth responses, acting as a dynamic signal in the control of morphogenesis via coordinating the interplay between cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. Mutants in the chromatin-remodeling component PROPORZ1 (PRZ1; also known as AtADA2b) are impaired in auxin effects on morphogenesis, suggestive of an involvement of PRZ1-dependent control of chromatin architecture in the determination of hormone responses. Here we demonstrate that PRZ1 is required for accurate histone acetylation at auxin-controlled loci. Specifically, PRZ1 is involved in the modulation of histone modifications and corresponding adjustments in gene expression of Arabidopsis KIP RELATED PROTEIN (KRP) CDK inhibitor genes in response to auxin. Deregulated KRP expression in KRP silencer lines phenocopies prz1 hyperproliferative growth phenotypes, whereas in a KRP overexpression background some mutant phenotypes are suppressed. Collectively, our findings support a model in which translation of positional signals into developmental cues involves adjustments in chromatin modifications that orchestrate auxin effects on cell proliferation.
Non-functionalized silver nanoparticles for a localized surface plasmon resonance-based glucose sensor (2009)

The optical properties of non-functionalized silver nanoparticles in ethanol solution have been analyzed and a progressive shift of localized surface plasmon resonances caused by the adding of increasing quantities of glucose has been observed. To understand this occurrence, the interaction of glucose molecules with the silver nanoparticle surface has been investigated using Raman spectroscopy. In addition, high resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the presence of superstructures on the silver nanoparticle surface that can be imputed to the presence of glucose.
Solubility of Cannabinol in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (2010)

Cannabinol (CBN) is a decomposition product of the cannabinoid (−)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the main active compound of cannabis. The solubility of CBN in supercritical carbon dioxide was determined at (314, 327, and 334) K and in the pressure range from (13.0 to 20.2) MPa by using an analytical method with a quasi-flow apparatus. The molar solubility of CBN ranged from 1.26·10−4 to 4.16·10−4. CBN showed different behavior compared to Δ9-THC in terms of molar solubility. The data were correlated using the Peng−Robinson equation of state in combination with quadratic mixing rules. Deviations between calculated results and the experimental data ranged from (4.14 to 4.46) % absolute average relative deviation (AARD).
Cloud Security Issues (2009)

In past three decades, the world of computation has changed from centralized (client-server not web-based) to distributed systems and now we are getting back to the virtual centralization (Cloud Computing). Location of data and processes makes the difference in the realm of computation. On one hand, an individual has full control on data and processes in his/her computer. On the other hand, we have the cloud computing wherein, the service and data maintenance is provided by some vendor which leaves the client/customer unaware of where the processes are running or where the data is stored. So, logically speaking, the client has no control over it. The cloud computing uses the internet as the communication media. When we look at the security of data in the cloud computing, the vendor has to provide some assurance in service level agreements (SLA) to convince the customer on security issues. Organizations use cloud computing as a service infrastructure, critically like to examine the security and confidentiality issues for their business critical insensitive applications. Yet, guaranteeing the security of corporate data in the "cloud" is difficult, if not impossible, as they provide different services like Software as a service (SaaS), Platform as a service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a service (IaaS). Each service has their own security issues. So the SLA has to describe different levels of security and their complexity based on the services to make the customer understand the security policies that are being implemented. There has to be a standardized way to prepare the SLA irrespective to the providers. This can help some of the enterprises to look forward in using the cloud services. In this paper, we put forward some security issues that have to be included in SLA.
The Biochemistry of Hemolysin Toxin Activation:  Characterization of HlyC, an Internal Protein Acyltransferase (1998)

Hemolysin toxin produced and secreted by pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of a family of cytolytic, structurally homologous protein toxins known as RTX (repeats in toxin) toxins. RTX toxins are products of a gene cluster, CABD. The A gene product, nontoxic hemolysin (proHlyA), is made toxic by posttranslational fatty acylation of two internal lysine residues. HlyC, the C gene product, is essential for acylation, and acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) is the acyl donor. HlyB and HlyD are involved in secretion of the toxin. ProHlyA and HlyC were separately subcloned, expressed, and purified, and acyl-ACPs with diverse radioactive acyl groups were synthesized. With these proteins, the conversion of proHlyA to HlyA by acyl transfer was assayed. Acyl-ACP was the obligate acyl donor. Acyl transfer was catalyzed by HlyC monomer, and an acyl-enzyme intermediate was shown. Reaction was inhibited by ACPSH but not by fatty acid or fatty-acyl CoA. Km and Vmax for HlyA were 0.94 microM and 7.5 pmol of acyl group transferred/min, respectively; Km and Vmax for myristoyl-ACP were 0.48 microM and 6.9 pmol/min. The kinetic parameters of different acyl-ACPs resembled a competitive inhibition as acyl group carbon chain length increased; Km's increased while Vmax's remained unchanged. The different kinetic efficacies in the acyltransferase reaction of the ACPs with different acyl groups contrasted notably with the lytic powers of the corresponding acyl-toxins that they generated.
Dimethylaminoboron Dichloride and Difluoride (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDimethylaminoboron Dichloride and DifluorideJohn F. Brown Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 5, 1219–1221Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01125a024https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01125a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An optimal floating-point pipeline CMOS CORDIC processor (2003)

The authors present a VLSI CORDIC processor which is obtained using the hierarchical and interactive design methodology on which the DELFT VLSI synthesis is built. They also present an optimized (floating-point) CORDIC algorithm, the hierarchical mapping of this algorithm on a floating-point architecture, the design method, the layout, the chip, and its performance. Algorithm, architecture, and layout are parameterized with respect to the accuracy of rotation angles and vectors. The CORDIC chip is a pipeline that performs 10/sup 7/ plane rotations/s and is mounted in a 144-pin package. The vector entries are 21 bit floating-point numbers (16-bit mantissa and 5 bit exponent in twos complement).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Interaction of Janus Kinases JAK-1 and JAK-2 with the Insulin Receptor and the Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor<sup>1</sup> (1998)

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) treatment of cells overexpressing the insulin receptor or the IGF-1 receptor promotes phosphorylation and activation of Janus kinases JAK-1 and JAK-2 but not of TYK-2. With insulin, we observed maximal phosphorylation of JAK-1 within 2 min (5.2 +/- 0.6-fold) and maximal phosphorylation of JAK-2 within 10 min (2.4 +/- 0.6-fold). In cells incubated with IGF-1, we found maximal phosphorylation of JAK-2 within 2 min (1.9 +/- 0.2-fold) and of JAK-1 within 5 min (4.5 +/- 0.4-fold). The JAKs from insulin- or IGF-1-stimulated cells were activated, as shown by their autophosphorylation in vitro. Moreover, they were able to phosphorylate in vitro native insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and a fragment of IRS-2 (GST-IRS-2591-786). Comparison of 32P-peptide maps of IRS-1 phosphorylated in vitro by the insulin receptor vs. JAK-1 showed the occurrence of different phosphopeptides, suggesting that different sites are likely to be phosphorylated by the two kinases. Finally, coprecipitation of receptors and JAK-1 was seen, and phosphorylation of both receptors was found to be necessary for receptor binding to JAK-1. Two domains of JAK- 1 are involved in the formation of the complex between receptor and JAK-1, i.e. the N-terminal portion containing JH7 and JH6 domains, and the C-terminal kinase domain (JH1 domain). Taking our data together, we conclude that: 1) insulin and IGF-1 lead to phosphorylation and activation of JAK-1 and JAK-2 in intact cells; 2) phosphorylation of IRS-I by JAK-1 seems to occur on sites different from those phosphorylated by the insulin receptor; 3) JAK-1 interacts directly with phosphorylated insulin and IGF-1 receptors; and 4) the JH7-JH6 and JH1 domains of JAK-1 are responsible for the interaction with insulin and IGF-1 receptors.