gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MLSE and soft-output equalization for trellis-coded continuous phase modulation (1997)

This paper presents two equalizer structures for trellis-coded continuous phase modulation (TC-CPM) on multipath fading intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. An equivalent discrete-time (DT) model is developed by combining the tapped-delay-line (TDL) model of the frequency-selective channel and by oversampling at the receiver. The (noninterleaved) fractionally spaced maximum-likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) equalizer performs continuous phase modulation (CPM) demodulation, trellis-coded modulation (TCM) decoding, and channel equalization by exploiting the finite state nature of the ISI-corrupted TC-CPM signal. Both simulation and analytical results show diversity-like improvement when performing joint MLSE decoding and equalization. For the interleaved soft-output equalizer, the soft symbol metric is delivered to the TCM decoder by using a forward and backward recursion algorithm. Three variants of the soft-output equalizer are examined. We conclude that the backward recursion is essential to partial response CPM schemes, and with moderate complexity, the soft-output equalizer can have a substantial advantage over a noninterleaved MLSE equalizer.
Robert Musil o las dificultades actualesde una vida Ética (2000)

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Austrian writer Robert Musil shares, with many of his lucid contemporaries, the discomfort resulting from the noting that the growing scientific and technical knowledge of civilization is not followed by an ability to react toward the problems of sense of Modernity. Musil is aware of the difficulties of the ethical sphere, specially of the tendency of liberalism and modern social thinking to ignore it, and so leaving way to irrationalism.
A frequency offset estimation architecture of OFDM system in multipath Doppler spread channel (2003)

The common structure in the previously proposed maximum likelihood frequency offset estimator of the OFDM system is the correlation operation regardless of the approach used. We consider this problem under a multipath Doppler spread channel rather than a channel model consisting of a single Doppler shift that was used previously. Under this circumstance, we observe some algebraic properties of frequency offset and implicitly use it to make a new frequency offset estimation scheme. Monte-Carlo simulation shows a promising result.
Safety and technique of ferumoxytol administration for MRI (2016)

Ferumoxytol is an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide agent marketed for the treatment of anemia. There has been increasing interest in its properties as an MRI contrast agent as well as greater awareness of its adverse event profile. This mini-review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the risks of ferumoxytol and methods of administration.
Plans for Developing Real-time Dance Interaction between QRIO and Toddlers in a Classroom Environment (2005)

This paper introduces the early stages of a study designed to understand the development of dance interactions between QRIO and toddlers in a classroom environment. The study is part of a project to explore the potential use of interactive robots as instructional tools in education. After 3 months observation period, we are starting the experiment. After explaining the experimental environment, component technologies used in it are described: an interactive dance with visual feedback, exploiting the active detection of contingency and robotic emotion expression
Restenosis after Vascular Reconstruction (1994)

About 20-50% of vascular reconstructions used for restoration of circulation in atherosclerotic vessels fail because of restenosis. Despite progress in both experimental and clinical studies, the underlying mechanism of restenosis remains unclear. This has presented a problem for the targeting of pharmacological therapies, and so far the only effective cure for restenosis remains repetition of the operative treatment. However, the subsequent reconstructions are also subject to luminal narrowing. New approaches in preventing restenosis may involve identifying the patients most likely to be at risk, and treating them selectively with novel suppressive agents, or with combinations of already tested agents.
Preparation of 14-nitrocamptothecin derivatives by reactions of camptothecin with nitronium tetrafluoroborate in acidic solvents (1996)

The new camptothecin derivatives (20S)-20-O-acetyl-14-nitrocamptothecin 7 and 5-hydroxy-14-nitrocamptothecin 8 are prepared by the reactions of camptothecin 1 with nitronium tetrafluoroborate 9 in acetic anhydride and trifluoroacetic acid, respectively. When acetic acid is used as reaction solvent, the esterification product (20S)-20-O-acetylcamptothecin 6 is obtained.
Low-drive-voltage Ti:LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator using a coupled line (1990)

A Ti:LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulator with an asymmetric traveling-wave electrode has been studied for use as a high speed external modulator because of its low chirp and wide bandwidth.1 The overly high drive voltage prohibits practical use, however. Our attempts to reduce the drive voltage by, for example, using two traveling-wave electrodes,2 have met with problems, such as the interaction of microwaves.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Acylation of Salts of L‐Threonine β‐Lactone: A Route to β‐Lactone Antibiotics. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Unbiased estimation of linewidth roughness (2005)

Linewidth roughness (LWR) is usually estimated simply as three standard deviations of the linewidth. The effect of image noise upon this metric includes a positive nonrandom component. The metric is therefore subject to a bias or "systematic error" that we have estimated can be comparable in size to the roughness itself for samples as smooth as required by the industry roadmap. We illustrate the problem using scanning electron microscope images of rough lines. We propose simple changes to the measurement algorithm that, if adopted by metrology instrument suppliers, would permit estimation of LWR without bias caused by image noise.
Applications of interference alignment in D2D communications (2015)

Device-to-device (D2D) communications have the potential to improve spectrum efficiency and link capacity by allowing nearby devices to communicate directly with each other on the licensed frequency resource. However, the co-channel interference (CCI) among D2D pairs is the major issue that needs to be solved when they are sharing the same frequency resource. The interference alignment (IA) is an effective interference management scheme that can overcome the issue of the CCI. In order to discuss about the possibility of applying IA to the D2D communications, in this survey, we provide an overview on the applications of IA, and analyze the advantages of applying IA in the D2D communications.
Treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum by electrical stimulation of the vestibular system (1997)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: ElectrostimulationHyperemesis GravidarumMotion SicknessVestibular System
Polarization management for silicon photonic integrated circuits (2012)

Abstract Polarization management is very important for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and their applications. Due to geometrical anisotropy and fabrication inaccuracies, the characteristics of the guided transverse‐electrical (TE) and transverse‐magnetic (TM) modes are generally different. Polarization‐dependent dispersion and polarization‐dependent loss are such manifestations in PICs. These issues become more severe in high index contrast structures such as nanophotonic waveguides made of silicon‐on‐insulator (SOI), which has been regarded as a good platform for optical interconnects because of the compatibility with CMOS processing. Recently, polarization division multiplexing (PDM) with coherent detection using silicon photonics has also attracted much attention. This trend further highlights the importance of polarization management in silicon PICs. The authors review their work on polarization management for silicon PICs using the polarization independence and polarization diversity methods. Polarization issues and solutions in PICs made of SOI nanowires and ridge waveguides are discussed.
Time magnification of electrical signals using chirpedoptical pulses (1998)

The authors report a method for stretching electrical signals in time. A high chirp rate is imposed on the electrical signal by mixing it with a dispersed ultra-short optical pulse in an electro-optic intensity modulator. This is followed by a passive optical dispersion element to produce a time-magnified copy of the input electrical signal.
Monocytes and Cytokines (2006)

The importance of attachment of circulating blood cells to the endothelium of growing collateral blood vessels was described for the first time in 1976. Data from further studies contributed to the development of the hypothesis that the invasion of the arteriolar wall by monocytes might be a key feature of arteriogenesis. Monocytes from the blood are attracted to the collateral vessel endothelium and after their adhesion at the vessel wall they transmigrate through the endothelium and invade the perivascular space. The regulation of this recruitment process is triggered by the local appearance of attracting and activating factors and by increased expression of a panel of adhesion molecules, thus guiding circulating cells to and through the collateral vascular wall.
Elasticity measurement of silica glass under gas pressure (2000)

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) is applicable to conditions of gas pressure. A sphere of silica glass was measured under pressure of helium gas with a sample-gas-cavity container assembly. The pressure-induced shifts of frequency of six toroidal and two spheroidal modes were observed up to 200 MPa (2 kbar). The sample-gas-container system was analyzed as a three-layered shell structure, and the pressure derivatives of rigidity and bulk moduli; G0' = -3.5 and K'50 = -6.0, respectively, were obtained. These results are in good agreement with previous data
Evolution of Feeding Behavior in Insect Herbivores (1998)

Insect herbivores are extraordinarily diverse and abundant. Approximately a quarter of the diversity of all eukaryote species can be accounted for by insects that feed on tissues of green plants, excluding those that feed on nectar and pollen. Some insect herbivores feed on diverse plant species from unrelated plant families and may be considered food generalists. Many more have restricted diets; they feed only on species within one plant family, on a group of related plants, or even on just one plant species. Most are also restricted to feeding on particular plant parts, such as leaves, roots, or reproductive organs; smaller insects may be restricted to feeding on particular tissues, such as phloem, parenchyma, or developing seeds. Ecologically, the significance of insect herbivores is profound. First, they can dramatically reduce plant fitness, either directly or indirectly (i.e., by reducing plant competitive ability). Second, they support an almost equal number of species of invertebrate predators and parasitoids. Third, they provide a major food source for a large proportion of birds and lizards and for some small mammals. This diversity of insect herbivores reflects a diversity in diet and feeding behavior. The history of insect
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 cleavage of adrenomedullin produces a vasoconstrictor out of a vasodilator (2004)

MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) play a major role in the pathogenesis of hypertension by altering the extracellular matrix during cardiovascular remodelling. In the present study we show that MMP-2, but not MMP-9, cleaves the vasodilator peptide AM (adrenomedullin). Addition of the AM-binding protein, complement factor H, prevents this cleavage, providing a hitherto unknown mechanism of action for this binding protein. We identified the signature cleavage fragments and found some of them in human urine, suggesting that MMP-2 processing of AM may occur in vivo. Synthetic AM fragments regulated blood pressure in rats. The larger peptides are vasodilators, as is intact AM, whereas intermediate fragments did not affect blood pressure. In contrast, AM(11-22) elicited vasoconstriction. Studies of AM receptor activation in Rat2 cells confirm that the larger AM cleavage peptides activated this receptor, whereas AM(11-22) did not. The present study defines a new mechanism through which MMP-2 may regulate blood pressure by simultaneously eliminating a vasodilator and generating a vasoconstrictor.
Performance Evaluation of LTE eSRVCC with Limited Access Transfers (2014)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) evolved from Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), which utilizes IP Multimedia Core Network Subsystem (IMS) to provide voice service. In most existing commercial operations, the LTE networks provide zonal coverage as compared with UMTS networks which provide full service coverage. A User Equipment (UE) can initiate or receive an IMS call in either LTE or UMTS. The UE uses LTE whenever it is available. If LTE is out of service, then the UE is transferred to UMTS. To support access transfer between LTE and UMTS during an IMS call, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) proposed Enhanced Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (eSRVCC). If the UE frequently moves back and forth between LTE and UMTS during an IMS call, it may incur large access transfer traffic. To resolve this issue, we propose the limited access transfer algorithm that limits the number of access transfers in an eSRVCC call (referred to as the transfer limit) to reduce the transfer traffic. An analytic model is proposed to investigate the performance of the limited access transfer algorithm. Our study indicates that the selection of the transfer limit is not a trivial issue, and an appropriate transfer limit effectively reduces the access transfer traffic to enhance the LTE call control performance.
MICRO-ANALYSIS OF POLYPEPTIDE STRUCTURE USING COLOR REAGENTS (1985)

MICRO-ANALYSIS OF POLYPEPTIDE STRUCTURE USING COLOR REAGENTS was published in Volume 2 Review Articles, including those from an International Conference held in Bielefeld, F. R. of Germany, June 1–2, 1984 on page 275.
Parkin attenuates manganese‐induced dopaminergic cell death (2004)

Manganese as environmental factor is considered to cause parkinsonism and induce endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated dopaminergic cell death. We examined the effects of manganese on parkin, identified as the gene responsible for familial Parkinson's disease, and the role of parkin in manganese-induced neuronal cell death. Manganese dose-dependently induced cell death of dopaminergic SH-SY5Y and CATH.a cells and cholinergic Neuro-2a cells, and that the former two cell types were more sensitive to manganese toxicity than Neuro-2a cells. Moreover, manganese increased the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated genes, including parkin, in SH-SY5Y cells and CATH.a cells, but not in Neuro-2a cells. Treatment with manganese resulted in accumulation of parkin protein in SH-SY5Y cells and its redistribution to the perinuclear region, especially aggregated Golgi complex, while in Neuro-2a cells neither expression nor redistribution of parkin was noted. Manganese showed no changes in proteasome activities in either cell. Transient transfection of parkin gene inhibited manganese- or manganese plus dopamine-induced cell death of SH-SY5Y cells, but not of Neuro-2a cells. Our results suggest that the attenuating effects of parkin against manganese- or manganese plus dopamine-induced cell death are dopaminergic cell-specific compensatory reactions associated with its accumulation and redistribution to perinuclear regions but not with proteasome system.
Ecological Home Network: An Overview (2013)

A home network is one of the next-generation information and communication technology (ICT)-centered applications, and this paper discusses the current state of relating technologies and various aspects necessary for better home network realization. It is necessary to discuss the technologies for a good home network, but it is also important to consider this from the different aspects other than technologies. Cost, power consumption, maintainability, and relevant data volume are such view points, and they support better ecological home network. This paper first discusses the technology components which support realization of a home network. They are network technologies, varieties of devices, software-based systems and standards, and home gateway, the key component of a better home network. Then, the author shows several considerations from the ecological viewpoints such as cost saving, energy saving, human load saving, and data volume saving. The real technology and business for a home network is still in an evolving stage, and it is necessary to discuss the implementation issues for a home network. Home gateway is an important component for managing a home network, and the author proposes a home gateway architecture suitable for better implementation of a home network as a whole.
Photocatalytic decomposition of phenol in the presence of titanium dioxide (1984)

Abstract Aqueous phenol solution was photodecomposed with a high‐pressure mercury lamp in the presence of titanium dioxide (anatase type) as a photocatalyst at 40 C∘. The rate of phenol decomposition increased with titanium dioxide concentration and decreased with increasing initial concentration of phenol. The apparent quantum yield for phenol decomposition was 0.014 in the primary stage of decomposition for titanium dioxide concentration of 50 mg/l. The initial decomposition rate has the maximum value at pH 3.3. The addition of copper to titanium dioxide increased the rate of phenol decomposition. Hydroquinone and catechol were the main products detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography.
Do Seasons Have an Influence on the Incidence of Depression? The Use of an Internet Search Engine Query Data as a Proxy of Human Affect (2010)

Our findings indicate that Internet searches for depression from people in higher latitudes are more vulnerable to seasonal change, whereas this phenomenon is obscured in tropical areas. This phenomenon exists universally across countries, regardless of language. This study provides novel, Internet-based evidence for the epidemiology of seasonal depression.
Applications of flexible pricing in business-to-business electronic commerce (2002)

The increasingly dynamic nature of business-to-business electronic commerce has produced a recent shift away from fixed pricing and toward flexible pricing. Flexible pricing, as defined here, includes both differential pricing, in which different buyers may receive different prices based on expected valuations, and dynamic-pricing mechanisms, such as auctions, where prices and conditions are based on bids by market participants. In this paper we survey ongoing work in flexible pricing in the context of the supply chain, including revenue management, procurement, and supply-chain coordination. We review negotiation mechanisms for procurement, including optimization approaches to the evaluation of complex, multidimensional bids. We also discuss several applications of flexible pricing on the sell side, including pricing strategies for response to requests for quotes, dynamic pricing in a reverse logistics application, and pricing in the emerging area of hosted applications services. We conclude with a discu ssion of future research directions in this rapidly growing area.
Synthèses des alkyl-1 cyclanols fonctionnalisés aux positions α, β et γ de la chaîne hydrocarbonée (1988)

We have developed a general and versatile synthesis of N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl-, 1-chloroalkyl-, 1-phenoxyalkyl-, 1-thiophenoxyalkyl-, 1-diethyoxyalkyl-, and 1-(1,3-dithiolane)alkylcyclanols in good yields by the reaction of α,ω-bis(bromomagnesio)alkanes with the corresponding functionalized carboxylic acid esters.
Emerging drugs to treat alcoholism (2010)

Acamprosate, naltrexone and the ALDH inhibitor disulfiram are proven medications for the treatment of alcohol dependence with modest efficacy. Novel alternate medications, a depot formulation of the opioid antagonist naltrexone and another oral opioid antagonist, nalmefene, are available now with good evidence for clinical efficacy. Novel ALDH inhibitors, antiepileptic drugs such as topiramate and drugs targeting the stress axis are currently among the most promising emerging drugs.
Screening for Peripheral Artery Disease Using the Ankle-Brachial Index (2018)

There was no direct evidence and limited indirect evidence on the benefits of PAD screening with the ABI in unselected or asymptomatic populations. Available studies suggest low sensitivity and lack of beneficial effect on health outcomes, but these studies have important limitations.
A mobile SoC-based platform for evaluating hearing aid algorithms and architectures (2015)

Current research on audio signal processing algorithms for digital hearing aid devices is extremely pushing the performance demands. Nowadays, there is a trend of using several microphones in such systems (e.g., binaural systems) to improve the speech perception of a hearing impaired person. However, there is a lack of mobile platforms, capable of processing such algorithms in real-time. This paper presents a new mobile SoC-based evaluation and development platform (including a multi-channel audio extension board), specially thought not only for evaluating new hearing aid signal processing algorithms but also to develop new hardware co-processor architectures, that could be integrated in current hearing aid devices to improve their performance with a minimal extra energy consumption.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Correlates with the Clinical Assessment of Disease Severity in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy and Predicts Outcome following Surgery (2012)

DTI may be a useful diagnostic tool for assessing disease severity in CSM. The predictive value of DTI regarding postoperative outcome may improve surgical decision-making and facilitate health care outcomes research.
Pre‐culturing human adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia increases their adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potentials (2012)

This protocol could be useful for maximizing hAT-MSC potential to differentiate in vitro into the adipogenic and osteogenic lineages, for use in plastic and reconstructive surgery, and in tissue engineering strategies.
Action of Xylanases on Chemical Pulp Fibers Part I : Investigations Gn Cell-Wall Modifications (1986)

Abstract The action of xylanases on chemical weed pulps was studied in the presence of a 1 mM HgCl2 solution. In that medium, the encc-cellulases present in the crude enzyme mixture from the Easidicmycete Sporotrichum dimorphosporum were inhibited as shown by soluble sugar analysis end by Molecular weight determination of the carbanilated derivatives of the enzyme-treated pulps. After enzymatic hydrolysis, although the mass loss was less than 2% of the dry material weight, important structural modifications were revealed by physical property determinations on the residual pulps. The water retention value which increases by 20%, the mean pore radius which is reduced by a factor of 10, the scanning electron microscopic photographs which show fiber flexibility and external fibrillation and the molecular weight distribution curves, allow us to come to the conclusion that xylans are actually hydrolyzed in the whole delignified cell walls. Therefore, because of the xylan distribution with regard to cellulose microfibrils, the selective hydrolysis by xylanases might affect the cell wall cohesion and, thus, influence the papermaking properties of pulps.