gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
ELECTRON-BEAM TUBE WITH A SEMICONDUCTOR TARGET. AN ELECTRON-BEAM-PUMPED SCANNING LASER (1972)

The construction is described and the principal characteristics are given of a sealed electron-beam-pumped GaAs laser with a radiating mirror resonator. The electron beam is deflected electrostatically. The pulsed output of the laser is 2 W, it emits at a wavelength of ~0.84 μ, and the diameter of the light spot on the target is 150–200 μ.
Combined spatial and transform domain analysis for rectangle detection (2010)

We describe and compare methods for detecting rectangles in images using Hough and Radon transforms. Locating rectangles in a new image involves an alternating scheme of transform peak extraction and peak filtering. During the step of peak extraction, we apply the hough/radon transform on the target image and extract peaks (corresponding to line segments) from the transformed image. We filter these peaks based on certain geometric constraints in the transform and spatial constraints on the coordinate (or image) domain such that every set of 4 filtered peaks correspond to a rectangle in the image. We explore the effect of model parameters on system performance and show that the proposed methods achieves good accuracy for rectangle detection on several synthetic and real datasets.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP‐2: A proto‐oncogene product that promotes Ras activation (2009)

SHP-2 is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that contains two Src homology 2 (SH2) domains. Although PTPs are generally considered to be negative regulators on the basis of their ability to oppose the effects of protein tyrosine kinases, SHP-2 is unusual in that it promotes the activation of the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway by receptors for various growth factors and cytokines. The molecular basis for the activation of SHP-2 is also unique: In the basal state, the NH(2)-terminal SH2 domain of SHP-2 interacts with the PTP domain, resulting in autoinhibition of PTP activity; the binding of SHP-2 via its SH2 domains to tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors or docking proteins, however, results in disruption of this intramolecular interaction, leading to exposure of the PTP domain and catalytic activation. Indeed, SHP-2 proteins with artificial mutations in the NH(2)-terminal SH2 domain have been shown to act as dominant active mutants in vitro. Such activating mutations of PTPN11 (human SHP-2 gene) were subsequently identified in individuals with Noonan syndrome, a human developmental disorder that is sometimes associated with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. Furthermore, somatic mutations of PTPN11 were found to be associated with pediatric leukemia. SHP-2 is also thought to participate in the development of other malignant disorders, but in a manner independent of such activating mutations. Biochemical and functional studies of SHP-2 and genetic analysis of PTPN11 in human disorders have thus converged to provide new insight into the pathogenesis of cancer as well as potential new targets for cancer treatment.
Localization of Gene Expression in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions by In Situ Hybridization (2003)

The technique of in situ hybridization was developed in the late 1960s (1) and is based on the ability of a single-stranded sequence of nucleotides to hybridize specifically to a complementary sequence to form stable double-stranded duplexes or hybrids. Incorporating a readily detectable label into the nucleotide sequence permits it to be used as a probe to identify specific complementary target sequences within cells or tissues and thereby derive useful information on the site(s) of expression of a particular gene. Although this technique can be adapted to detect any nucleotide sequence, this chapter is concerned with the detection of mRNA. The advantage of in situ hybridization for detecting mRNA over other methods such as Northern blotting is that this technique allows morphological identification of a specific mRNA species in a particular cell or a subpopulation of cells within a tissue. This can yield useful information on sites of synthesis, turnover, and, when combined with a method such as immunocytochemistry, storage of the transcribed protein.
Provenance-Aware Sensor Data Storage (2005)

Sensor network data has both historical and realtime value. Making historical sensor data useful, in particular, requires storage, naming, and indexing. Sensor data presents new challenges in these areas. Such data is location-specific but also distributed; it is collected in a particular physical location and may be most useful there, but it has additional value when combined with other sensor data collections in a larger distributed system. Thus, arranging location-sensitive peer-to-peer storage is one challenge. Sensor data sets do not have obvious names, so naming them in a globally useful fashion is another challenge. The last challenge arises from the need to index these sensor data sets to make them searchable. The key to sensor data identity is provenance, the full history or lineage of the data. We show how provenance addresses the naming and indexing issues and then present a research agenda for constructing distributed, indexed repositories of sensor data.
Facsimile Using Internet Mail (IFAX) Service of ENUM (2005)

This document describes the functional specification and definition of the ENUM Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) record for IFax service.IFax is "facsimile using Internet mail".For this use, the Domain Name System (DNS) returns the email address of the referenced IFax system.This mechanism allows email-based fax communication to use telephone numbers instead of requiring the sender to already know the recipient email address.
Sensorless PMSM control for H-axis washing machine drive (2008)

In this paper a position and speed estimation method without position transducer is presented. This method is applied for horizontal axis washing machines with permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). By integrating methods, i.e. using a speed reference for zero speed startup and low speed acceleration, and back-EMF for mid-high speed operation, the rotor position can be estimated and controlled over the full speed range. In order to achieve correct operation from zero speed, the two techniques are combined with a crossover function based on the speed reference. The proposed method can be used in applications with significant and unpredictable variation in loads, such as horizontal axis washing machines. Moreover, the proposed method can be applied on drives with surface mounted PMSM or motors with low or distorted saliency signature. To verify the functionality of the proposed method, experimental validation was conducted using horizontal axis washing machine.
Probing Nuclear Motion by Frequency Modulation of Molecular High-Order Harmonic Generation (2014)

Molecular high-order harmonic generation (MHOHG) in a non-Born-Oppenheimer treatment of ${{\mathrm{H}}_{2}}^{+}$, ${{\mathrm{D}}_{2}}^{+}$, is investigated by numerical simulations of the corresponding time-dependent Schro\ifmmode \ddot{}\else \"{}\fi{}dinger equations in full dimensions. As opposed to previous studies on amplitude modulation of intracycle dynamics in MHOHG, we demonstrate redshifts as frequency modulation (FM) of intercycle dynamics in MHOHG. The FM is induced by nuclear motion using intense laser pulses. Compared to fixed-nuclei approximations, the intensity of MHOHG is much higher due to the dependence of enhanced ionization on the internuclear distance. The width and symmetry of the spectrum of each harmonic in MHOHG encode rich information on the dissociation process of molecules at the rising and falling parts of the laser pulses, which can be used to retrieve the nuclear dynamics. Isotope effects are studied to confirm the FM mechanism.
<title>Zoom Lenses For The Thermal Infrared</title> (1983)

The paper is intended to familiarise optical designers with mechanically and optically compensated zoom lenses which operate in the thermal infrared waveband and especially the 8-13 micrometer waveband. Apart from illustrating various infrared zoom lenses a description and performance analysis is given for two final designs.
CUB domain-containing protein 1 and the epidermal growth factor receptor cooperate to induce cell detachment (2016)

Together, these results suggest that CDCP1 may facilitate loss of adhesion by promoting activation of EGFR and Src at sites of cell-cell and cell-substratum contact.
Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Alcoholism: From Ancient to Modern (2011)

Alcohol has long been used as a daily beverage in China and around the world. It is a medicinal substance with various biological activities. In fact, alcohol has played an important role in the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), within which it is considered as the earliest exhilarant and anaesthetic. Yet, as a substance with great potency of misuse and addiction, the consumption of alcohol can lead to serious damage to individual health and the society. Over the past 20 years, alcohol abuse or alcoholism has become an increasing social problem in China along with the rapid economic development. China, the country of origin for TCM, has accumulated abundant clinical experience in the treatment of alcoholism with its ancient medicine. In the present research, we have summarized clinical and primary studies concerning various remedies of TCM for alcohol abuse, including herbal components (such as Kudzu/Pueraria Lobata, Pediculus melo, Hypericumpperforatum L.), decoctions and acupuncture.
Hepatocyte Growth Factor Induces Rat Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cell Mitosis or Apoptosis Depending on the Presence or Absence of an Extracellular Matrix* (1999)

The present studies showed that sequential treatment with equine CG (eCG) and hCG not only induced an increase in ovarian weight, but also caused an estimated 4.6-fold increase in the number of ovarian surface epithelial cells. In addition, eCG-hCG treatment increased ovarian hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) messenger RNA levels. These studies also demonstrated that rat primary ovarian surface epithelial cells as well as a cell line derived from rat ovarian surface epithelium (i.e. ROSE-179 cells) do not express the LH (hCG) receptor. Both of these cells express c-Met, the receptor for HGF. To assess the effects of hCG and HGF on ovarian surface epithelial cell mitosis, ROSE-179 cells were cultured for 24 h in serum-supplemented medium on either glass or the synthetic fibronectin-like extracellular matrix protein, pronectin (RGD). The cells were then cultured for 24 h in serum-free medium in the presence or absence of hCG or HGF. The numbers of cells at 2, 24, and 48 h of culture were determined. The percentage of apoptotic cells was assessed by in situ DNA staining at 48 h of culture. In the serum-supplemented medium in the presence or absence of RGD, the number of ROSE-179 cells doubled. In serum-free medium, cell proliferation was reduced, and the percentage of apoptotic nuclei ranged between 10-15% regardless of the substrate. Neither mitosis nor apoptosis was influenced by hCG in the presence or absence of RGD. For ROSE-179 cells cultured in serum-free medium on RGD, HGF induced mitosis, resulting in a 2.8 +/- 0.2-fold increase in cell number compared with the 24 h control values. On a glass substrate in serum-free medium, HGF did not induce mitosis, but increased the percentage of apoptotic nuclei. Time-lapse photographic analysis revealed that on RGD, cells undergoing HGF-induced mitosis showed a transient reduction in cell contact. On glass, HGF caused many cells to completely lose contact and separate from each other. Collectively, these data suggest that in vivo gonadotropins stimulate HGF expression and ovarian surface epithelial cell proliferation. Based on in vitro studies, it is likely that the mitogenic action of hCG is mediated by HGF. However, HGF only induces mitosis in the presence of an extracellular matrix.
On the Nature of Lithium Biphenyl in Ethereal Solvents. A Critical Analysis Unifying DFT Calculations, Physicochemical Data in Solution, and a X-ray Structure (2011)

The lithium ion is an important type of electrolyte that has technological applications in the manufacture of lithium ion cells; therefore, a better understanding of the nature of its solutions is desirable. When associated to the radical anion of biphenyl in an organic solvent, it forms conducting solutions comparable to strong electrolytes such as lithium perchlorate. We have studied the lithium biphenyl solution in dimethoxyethane using DFT calculations. The nature of these ionic solutions is described in terms of a dynamic equilibrium between different types of ionic associations, the composition of which depends on the solvent and the temperature. The X-ray structure of [Li(+)·4C(5)H(10)O][C(12)H(10)(•-)], a solvent-separated ion pair of lithium biphenyl complexed with tetrahydropyran, is reported. Its main structural characteristics coincide with the calculated one, which we think is the dominant species at room temperature, in agreement with the available physicochemical data.
A resistance of head lice (Pediculus capitis) to permethrin in Czech Republic. (1995)

An outbreak of pediculosis at primary schools was recorded in the Czech Republic in 1992. Almost 20% of children in some schools were infested. This outbreak can be attributed to the resistance of head lice to permethrin, which has not been mentioned in literature yet. The resistance factors established in three towns range between 2 and 385 and between 5 and 557 for LC50 and LC90 values, respectively. This resistance has developed after exclusive use of pyrethroids lotion and shampoo in the Czech Republic since 1978, and it was accompanied by a cross-resistance to d-phenothrin and bioalethrin. But the susceptibility of head lice to malathion and pirimiphos-methyl in 1992 was very similar to that found in 1981. The lotion containing 0.3% of malathion (Diffusil H92 M) has been fully effective against the resistant lice. When introduced into the practice, it quickly reduced the infestation of children in primary schools. The other lotion and shampoo containing 0.3% and 0.7% of pirimiphos-methyl respectively were found to be effective as well.
Molecular therapy in ocular wound healing (1999)

Recent advances in molecular cell biology have revolutionised our understanding of medical diseases and provided new and alternative strategies for developing treatments.
Retarded recovery of functional T cell frequencies in T cell-depleted bone marrow transplant recipients (1987)

We have studied the effect of removing donor T cells by treatment with the monoclonal antibody Leu-1 and complement before marrow transplantation on the regeneration of functionally competent T lymphocytes in the blood at selected times after transplant. Using sensitive limiting-dilution methods that allow us to enumerate helper, cytotoxic, and proliferating T lymphocyte precursors, we report that regeneration of a functional T cell compartment is more severely impaired for the first 180 days after transplantation in those patients given T cell-depleted bone marrow than in recipients of untreated marrow. After this first 6 months, however, patients given T cell- depleted bone marrow had blood T cell frequencies comparable to those observed in patients given untreated marrow. Diminished frequencies of reactive T cells in recipients of depleted marrow could leave them more susceptible to infection or to the recurrence of neoplastic cells.
Clocked molecular quantum-dot cellular automata (2003)

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an approach to computing that eliminates the need for current switches by representing binary information as the configuration of charge among quantum dots. For molecular QCA, redox sites of molecules serve as the quantum dots. The Coulomb interaction between neighboring molecules provides device-device coupling. By introducing clocked control of the QCA cell, power gain, reduced power dissipation, and computational pipelining can be achieved. We present an ab initio analysis of a simple molecular system, which acts as a clocked molecular QCA cell. The intrinsic bistability of the molecular charge configuration results in dipole or quadrupole fields that couple strongly to the state of neighboring molecules. We show how clocked control of the molecular QCA can be accomplished with a local electric field.
Recombinant Yellow Fever Viruses Elicit CD8+ T Cell Responses and Protective Immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi (2013)

Chagas' disease is a major public health problem affecting nearly 10 million in Latin America. Despite several experimental vaccines have shown to be immunogenic and protective in mouse models, there is not a current vaccine being licensed for humans or in clinical trial against T. cruzi infection. Towards this goal, we used the backbone of Yellow Fever (YF) 17D virus, one of the most effective and well-established human vaccines, to express an immunogenic fragment derived from T. cruzi Amastigote Surface Protein 2 (ASP-2). The cDNA sequence of an ASP-2 fragment was inserted between E and NS1 genes of YF 17D virus through the construction of a recombinant heterologous cassette. The replication ability and genetic stability of recombinant YF virus (YF17D/ENS1/Tc) was confirmed for at least six passages in Vero cells. Immunogenicity studies showed that YF17D/ENS1/Tc virus elicited neutralizing antibodies and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) producing-cells against the YF virus. Also, it was able to prime a CD8(+) T cell directed against the transgenic T. cruzi epitope (TEWETGQI) which expanded significantly as measured by T cell-specific production of IFN-γ before and after T. cruzi challenge. However, most important for the purposes of vaccine development was the fact that a more efficient protective response could be seen in mice challenged after vaccination with the YF viral formulation consisting of YF17D/ENS1/Tc and a YF17D recombinant virus expressing the TEWETGQI epitope at the NS2B-3 junction. The superior protective immunity observed might be due to an earlier priming of epitope-specific IFN-γ-producing T CD8(+) cells induced by vaccination with this viral formulation. Our results suggest that the use of viral formulations consisting of a mixture of recombinant YF 17D viruses may be a promising strategy to elicit protective immune responses against pathogens, in general.
Daptomycin – a novel antibiotic against Gram-positive pathogens (2004)

Daptomycin is a novel member of a new class of antimicrobial agents used in treating resistant Gram-positive infections. These infections are becoming more commonplace and treatment options are limited. At present, daptomycin is approved for use in the US for complicated skin and skin-structure infections that are a common complication of surgery, diabetic foot ulcers, and burns. The most common causative organisms in these types of infections are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Group C and G streptococci. Traditionally, these infections have been treated with penicillin and cephalosporins, but resistance to these agents is widespread and increasing. Of particular concern is the rapid increase in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme reported that approximately 30% of S. aureus isolates from skin and skin-structure infections were MRSA. The standard treatment for MRSA infections is vancomycin but resistance to this agent is also developing. There is a continuing need for the development of new antibiotics with Gram-positive activity, to combat multi-drug-resistant Gram-positive infections.
High-Efficient and Reliable Broad-Area Laser Diodes With a Window Structure (2013)

We report on high-power 915-nm broad-area laser diodes with a window structure formed by a impurity-free vacancy disordering method. A maximum conversion efficiency of 68% and high output power of 19.8 W have been achieved at 20°C. A stable operation over 2000 h has also been confirmed under the condition of an output power of 15 W at 25°C. Far-field patterns suggest that the laser diode is suitable for coupling into an optical fiber with 105-μm core diameter and 0.15 numerical aperture.
Byron Smith, M.D., F.A.C.S. (1985)

Departments of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Assistant Clinical Professor, Mt. Sinai Hospital and School of Medicine, New York, New York
Algae removal by high gradient magnetic filtration (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlgae removal by high gradient magnetic filtrationRuth Yadidia, Aharon Abeliovich, and Georges BelfortCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1977, 11, 9, 913–916Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60132a013https://doi.org/10.1021/es60132a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views403Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Aluminum-Doped Perovskites As High-Performance Oxygen Permeation Materials (2009)

Previously unreleased compositions of (Ba0.5Sr0.5)(Fe1−xAlx)O3−δ perovskites in the range of 0≤ x ≤ 0.2 were synthesized and studied with respect to electronic and crystallographic structure, as well as oxygen permeation. The perovskite phase in all synthesized oxides was found to be cubic, without any impurities for aluminum fractions in the range x = 0.01−0.09. Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) revealed a significant amount of covalency by Fe-3d−O-2p hybridization and a mixed Fe3+ /Fe4+ valence state of iron for all synthesized perovskites, which was quantified by Mössbauer spectroscopy. Trivalent aluminum replaces a higher fraction of Fe4+ than of Fe3+ while both iron species are in high-spin state. The Mössbauer quadrupole splittings indicate a greater disorder around iron with increasing aluminum content and, together with the EELS result of an abatement of covalent character in the bonding of iron and oxygen, the observed lattice expansion can be understood. In situ XRD and TG/DTA measurements revealed high temperature stability of the materials up to 1350 °C. The oxygen permeation increases with rising aluminum content from 0 to 0.1, and the (Ba0.5 Sr0.5)(Fe0.9Al0.1)O3−δ membranes show a very high oxygen permeation (1.19 mL cm−2 min−1 at 950 °C) compared to known perovskite membranes. Even among the previously published iron and aluminum containing membranes, they exhibit the highest oxygen permeation.