gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lymphocele. (1993)

Lymphocele is a complication which will be familiar to the gynaecological surgeon, particularly the oncologist. It is also well recognised in association with urological pelvic surgery and renal transplantation. Occurrence of lymphocele has been described in relation to surgery in a wide variety of other areas including the mediastinum, axilla, neck, aorta and peripheral vasculature. Clearly many of these examples are unusual occurrences, but they serve to illustrate that this complication will be encountered occasionally by surgeons in any of a number of disciplines.
Influence of cellulose powder structure on moisture-induced degradation of acetylsalicylic acid (2005)

The stability of crystalline acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) powder in binary mixtures with cellulose powders was investigated to reveal information about the influence of the cellulose structural properties on the moisture-induced ASA degradation. Different cellulose powder samples were manufactured and characterized by X-ray diffraction and N2 BET gas adsorption. The degradation patterns in ASA/cellulose mixtures were monitored as a function of salicylic acid increase versus time under various relative humidity conditions at 50 degrees C. The crystallinity index of cellulose samples varied between approximately 49 and 95%. The results indicated that cellulose powder with the lowest crystallinity index exhibited lower degradation rates than the samples with the higher crystallinity index. It should be noted that higher ASA degradation rates were observed in the samples with comparably lower moisture contents. This effect was most pronounced in the 1:3 (w/w), ASA/cellulose mixtures, whereas in 3:1 (w/w), ASA/cellulose mixtures the effect was less obvious. The findings emphasise the importance of cellulose structural organisation when governing the moisture's partition between cellulose and ASA during the hydrolytic degradation.
Engineered Contractile Skeletal Muscle Tissue on a Microgrooved Methacrylated Gelatin Substrate (2012)

To engineer tissue-like structures, cells must organize themselves into three-dimensional (3D) networks that mimic the native tissue microarchitecture. Microfabricated hydrogel substrates provide a potentially useful platform for directing cells into biomimetic tissue architecture in vitro. Here, we present microgrooved methacrylated gelatin hydrogels as a suitable platform to build muscle-like fibrous structures in a facile and highly reproducible fashion. Microgrooved hydrogel substrates with two different ridge sizes (50 and 100 μm) were fabricated to assess the effect of the distance between engineered myofibers on the orientation of the bridging C2C12 myoblasts and the formation of the resulting multinucleated myotubes. It was shown that although the ridge size did not significantly affect the C2C12 myoblast alignment, the wider-ridged micropatterned hydrogels generated more myotubes that were not aligned to the groove direction as compared to those on the smaller-ridge micropatterns. We also demonstrated that electrical stimulation improved the myoblast alignment and increased the diameter of the resulting myotubes. By using the microstructured methacrylated gelatin substrates, we built free-standing 3D muscle sheets, which contracted when electrically stimulated. Given their robust contractility and biomimetic microarchitecture, engineered tissues may find use in tissue engineering, biological studies, high-throughput drug screening, and biorobotics.
Novel fusion welding technology of glass using ultrashort pulse lasers (2010)

A novel fusion welding technology of glass using ultrashort laser pulses with high pulse repetition rates has been developed, where the laser energy is selectively absorbed at the interface by nonlinear process to provide crack-free welding without preand post-heating. A laser-matter interaction model is developed to evaluate the distribution of the ultrashort pulse laser energy absorbed in bulk glass. A thermal conduction equation is derived to calculate transient 3-dimensional temperature distribution and dimensions of molten zone in glass. The mechanical strength of weld joint is evaluated taking into consideration of the attracting force of the optical contact between the glass plates needed for keeping the high-temperature plasma in the bulk glass.
Application of QUantitative Eels to Analysis of the Titanium Carbide Phase in Austenitic Stainless Steels (1982)

The intent of this work is to study the light element (C,N,O) contents, particularly C, of individual particles of the titanium MC carbide phase. Analytical electron microscopy (AEM) studies can employ either electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) or x-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) with ultra-thin window detectors to detect these elements, but we will show that because MC contains substantial Mo and C, the former method is best. The alloy studied is, in wt %, a 14 Cr/16 Ni/0.25 Ti modification of normal type 316 austenitic stainless steel. This alloy is the first generation Prime Candidate Alloy (PCA) of its alloy class for the Alloy Development for Irradiation Performance (ADIP) task of the Magnetic Fusion Energy (MFE) program, and the microstructure studied was designed for scoping the resistance of this material to fusion irradiation. The key to this application is stability of the MC phase, and composition is very important to stability. However, such studies cannot be undertaken without the advanced techniques and equipment development of EELS and we will focus on the interfacing of the latter with the metallurgical system studied.
BRD4 Regulates Metastatic Potential of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer through AHNAK (2019)

The inevitable progression of advanced prostate cancer to castration resistance, and ultimately to lethal metastatic disease, depends on primary or acquired resistance to conventional androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and accumulated resistance strategies to evade androgen receptor (AR) suppression. In prostate cancer cells, AR adaptations that arise in response to ADT are not singular, but diverse, and include gene amplification, mutation, and even complete loss of receptor expression. Collectively, each of these AR adaptations contributes to a complex, heterogeneous, ADT-resistant tumor. Here, we examined prostate cancer cell lines that model common castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) subtypes, each with different AR composition, and focused on novel regulators of tumor progression, the Bromodomain and Extraterminal (BET) family of proteins. We found that BRD4 regulates cell migration across all models of CRPC, regardless of aggressiveness and AR status, whereas BRD2 and BRD3 only regulate migration and invasion in less aggressive models that retain AR expression or signaling. BRD4, a coregulator of gene transcription, controls migration and invasion through transcription of AHNAK, a large scaffolding protein linked to promotion of metastasis in a diverse set of cancers. Furthermore, treatment of CRPC cell lines with low doses of MZ1, a small-molecule, BRD4-selective degrader, inhibits metastatic potential. Overall, these results reveal a novel BRD4-AHNAK pathway that may be targetable to treat metastatic CRPC (mCRPC). IMPLICATIONS: BRD4 functions as the dominant regulator of CRPC cell migration and invasion through direct transcriptional regulation of AHNAK, which together offer a novel targetable pathway to treat metastatic CRPC.<b>Visual Overview:</b> http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/17/8/1627/F1.large.jpg.
Building Addressable Libraries:  Site Selective Coumarin Synthesis and the “Real-Time” Signaling of Antibody−Coumarin Binding (2006)

[reaction: see text] The feasibility of using active semiconductor chips containing addressable arrays of microelectrodes for the "real-time" monitoring of biologically relevant binding events has been demonstrated by detecting the binding of a coumarin substrate by an anticoumarin antibody. The coumarin substrate was synthesized proximal to predetermined electrodes on the chip with the use of a Pd(II) reagent that was itself generated by using the selected electrodes. Once the coumarin was synthesized, its binding to the anticoumarin antibody was detected by monitoring the current associated with a ferrocene-ferrocinium ion redox cycle that was established between the electrodes on the chip and a remote auxiliary electrode.
The Anion-exchange Separation of Zirconium and Hafnium (1949)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Anion-exchange Separation of Zirconium and HafniumE. H. Huffman and R. C. LillyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1949, 71, 12, 4147Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1949Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1949https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01180a505https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01180a505research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Calea Compliant Secure Voice Over IP System (2006)

Voice over IP is one of the fastest growing Internet based application in today's networking world. As more and more enterprises are moving towards IP based voice network, security has become an important issue. The type of threats that voice traffic is exposed to is similar to those experienced by normal data traffic. However with voice traffic, the issues are much more complicated. While it is important to protect the voice packets from spoofing and eavesdropping, it is equally important that law enforcement agencies have access to these voice packets. With the recent terrorist attacks and increased threat to national security, law enforcement agencies require the ability to tap voice calls and screen them for information pertaining to national security. With the deployment of security mechanisms like encryption, it is becoming harder for law enforcement agencies to decipher the information hidden in these IP packets related to voice calls. Hence, it is important that the security mechanism used in these voice calls be standardized. This would provide law enforcement agencies easier access to the information during crisis situations. In this paper, the authors propose a new security mechanism that will help law enforcement agencies in gathering information pertaining to national safety. Initial analysis carried out by the authors indicates that the overhead caused by the proposed protocol has a minimal effect on the voice communication performance
Mutually Quenched Injection Lasers as Bistable Devices (1964)

The optical interaction of lasers attracts widespread interest for a number of reasons, a prominent one being the possibility that logic or memory systems using optically coupled elements may some day be realized. The quenching of one laser by the coherent light of another has been observed for GaAs injection lasers <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> and for neodymium glass lasers. <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> When the coherent output of one laser is passed through the active region of a second, the second laser is stimulated to emit in the same direction as the incident light. The power added to the amplified incident light is subtracted from the power in the normal lasing mode or modes of the second laser. We refer to this process as quenching and define a quenching ratio to be the power extracted from the quenched laser divided by the incident power, noting that for identical lasers the incident power will be equal to the power available for stimulated emission in the quenched laser. We will derive some simple expressions for the quenching ratio in certain ideal situations. Then we will compare these expressions with the results of some quenching experiments reported by one of the authors.
Biomolecular Interaction Assays Identified Dual Inhibitors of Glutaminase and Glutamate Dehydrogenase That Disrupt Mitochondrial Function and Prevent Growth of Cancer Cells (2017)

Glutaminase (KGA/isoenzyme GAC) is an emerging and important drug target for cancer. Traditional methods for assaying glutaminase activity are coupled with several other enzymes. Such coupled assays do not permit the direct and stringent characterization of specific glutaminase inhibitors. Ebselen was identified as a potent 9 nM KGA inhibitor in the KGA/glutamate oxidase (GO)/horse radish peroxidase (HRP) coupled assay but showed very weak activity in inhibiting the growth of glutamine-dependent cancer cells. For rigorous characterization, we developed a direct kinetic binding assay for KGA using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) as the detection method; Ebselen was identified as a GDH inhibitor but not a KGA inhibitor. Furthermore, we designed and synthesized several benzo[d][1,2]selenazol-3(2H)-one dimers which were subjected to SAR analysis by several glutaminolysis specific biochemical and cell based assays. Novel glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) or dual KGA/GDH inhibitors were discovered from the synthetic compounds; the dual inhibitors completely disrupt mitochondrial function and demonstrate potent anticancer activity with a minimum level of toxicity.
Differential Associations Between Soluble Cellular Adhesion Molecules and Atherosclerosis in the Dallas Heart Study (2009)

In this first reported clinical study of sESAM in humans, sESAM levels were independently associated with CAC, AWT, and AC, whereas sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were not. These findings support a unique role of this cellular adhesion molecule in atherosclerosis and suggest the need for further exploration of sESAM as a predictive biomarker and potential mediator of atherosclerosis.
Lightweight probabilistic broadcast (2003)

Gossip-based broadcast algorithms, a family of probabilistic broadcast algorithms, trade reliability guarantees against "scalability" properties. Scalability in this context has usually been expressed in terms of message throughput and delivery latency, but there has been little work on how to reduce the memory consumption for membership management and message buffering at large scale.This paper presents lightweight probabilistic broadcast ( lpbcast ), a novel gossip-based broadcast algorithm, which complements the inherent throughput scalability of traditional probabilistic broadcast algorithms with a scalable memory management technique. Our algorithm is completely decentralized and based only on local information: in particular, every process only knows a fixed subset of processes in the system and only buffers fixed "most suitable" subsets of messages. We analyze our broadcast algorithm stochastically and compare the analytical results both with simulations and concrete implementation measurements.
A morphometric analysis of bulbar urethral strictures (2007)

Urethral stricture formation is characterized by marked changes in extracellular matrix features, with consequent changes in organ function.
<title>Blazed Holographic Gratings-Formation By Surface Waves And Replication By Metal Electroforming</title> (1981)

The formation of a blazed holographic grating, using the interference of an ordinary plane wave with a surface wave is considered. The usual holographic recording arrangement has been modified such that a positive photoresist recording layer is coated on one face of a prism; one of the recording beams is totally reflected from the prism such that the surface wave thus formed enters the photoresist from the back side. The other recording beam also enters from the back side, but is an ordinary plane wave. The resulting interference fringes are inclined with respect to the normal. With this arrangement the profile can be contoured more precisely than usual and many variations in the shape of the profile are possible. Modifications of the method described here allow the formation of gratings on curved surfaces and in some cases correction for aberrations. Once a profile has been formed in this fashion in photoresist it is possible to replicate it exactly in a durable metal layer using electroforming techniques. Such gratings are applicable for use in specrometers where high beam intensities must be taken into account.
Effects of the prebloom Application of GA Combined with BA and Urea on the Set and Growth of Seedless Berries in Delaware Grapes (1974)

Benzyladenine (BA) and urea, each alone or both, were applied as additives to the prebloom gibberellic acid (GA3) application to promote the set and growth of GA-induced seedless Delaware grapes.The addition of BA increased the set of seedless berries, and as the result increased the weight per cluster at maturity. The addition of urea was not so much effective as that of BA. Trough the addition of both BA and urea was as promotive as that of BA alone for berry set, the former distinctively increased the weight per berry as compared to the latter being almost ineffective. Any of these treatments did not affect seedlessness ratio which was higher than 98% in every experiment conducted in three years, and also did not affect berry qualities such as soluble solids and free acids in juice and skin color.Observations around blooming time indicated that these treatments, especially the addition of both BA and urea pronouncedly accelerated the growth of clusters and florets (berries), and that the increased berry growth was highly connected with the stimulated cell expansion of pericarp tissue. Further, from the quantitative changes of chlorophyll and protein-N in florets (berries) or clusters around blooming time, it is assumed that nitrogen metabolism in these tissues is enhanced by these treatments, particularly by the combined addition of the two compounds, and this may more or less relate to the increased set and growth of seedless berries. The possibility that urea may promote the absorption of GA and BA is also discussed.
Direct <i>ortho</i> Cupration:  A New Route to Regioselectively Functionalized Aromatics (2007)

We have developed a direct regio- and chemoselective method for generating functionalized aromatic cuprate compounds through deprotonative directed ortho cupration using TMP(tetramethylpiperidino)-cuprates (R(TMP)Cu(CN)Li2; R = alkyl, phenyl, or TMP) that are prepared by mixing of CuCN, RLi, and lithium tetramethylpiperidide (LTMP) in THF. Deprotonative cupration of various functionalized benzenes with TMP-cuprate proved effective for the direct generation of o-functionalized copper aromatic and heteroaromatic derivatives, particularly those with electrophilic functional groups, such as cyano, amide, and halogens. Direct cupration, followed by electrophilic trapping, provided a convenient preparative method for 1,2- or 1,2,3-multisubstituted aromatic compounds. The functionalized aromatic cuprate intermediates were also found to undergo oxidation reactions very efficiently and with high regio- and chemoselectivity to afford functionalized phenol, ligand(hetero)-coupling, or homocoupling products by appropriately changing the oxidants and cuprates.
Speech recognition using dynamic neural networks (2003)

The authors present an algorithm for isolated-word recognition that takes into consideration the duration variability of the different utterances of the same word. The algorithm is based on extracting acoustical features from the speech signal and using them as the input to a sequence of multilayer perceptron neural networks. The networks were implemented as predictors for the speech samples for a certain duration of time. The networks were trained by a combination of the back-propagation and the dynamic time warping (DTW) techniques. The DTW technique was implemented to normalize the duration variability. The networks were trained to recognize the correct words and to reject the wrong words. The training set consisted of ten words, each uttered seven times by three different speakers. The test set consisted of three utterances of each of the ten words. The results show that all these words could be recognized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Novel hepatoselective insulin analog: studies with a covalently linked thyroxyl-insulin complex in humans. (2000)

When injected subcutaneously into normal human subjects, Bl-T4-Ins is well tolerated, quickly absorbed, and highly protein bound, resulting in a long plasma halflife. This analog appears to have a hepatoselective action, and, therefore, has the potential to provide more physiological insulin action than the insulin preparations currently used.
Information Theory - The Bridge Connecting Bounded Rational Game Theory and Statistical Physics (2004)

A long-running difficulty with conventional game theory has been how to modify it to accommodate the bounded rationality of all real-world players. A recurring issue in statistical physics is how best to approximate joint probability distributions with decoupled (and therefore far more tractable) distributions. This paper shows that the same information theoretic mathematical structure, known as Product Distribution (PD) theory, addresses both issues. In this, PD theory not only provides a principled formulation of bounded rationality and a set of new types of mean field theory in statistical physics. It also shows that those topics are fundamentally one and the same.
Synthesis, Stereochemical, and Conformational Studies of Selected 3,7-Diheterabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ols: X-Ray Diffraction Analyses of 7-Benzyl-9-phenyl-3-oxa-7-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ol and 7-Benzyl-9-(4-<b><i>N,N′</i></b>-dimethylaminophenyl)-3-thia-7-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ol, a Rare Stable Chair–Boat Form With Trigonal Nitrogen (2006)

A systematic study of 1,2-additions to 3,7-diheterabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-ones (3,7-DHBCN-9-ONES) by symmetrically substituted aryl Grignard reagents in anhydrous THF or ether has been conducted. 1,2-Additions of aryl Grignard reagents to the carbonyl group at C-9 in 7-benzyl-3-oxa-7-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one and 7-benzyl-3-thia-7-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one resulted in the formation of tertiary alcohols with the aryl group “syn” to the oxygen or sulfur atoms in the respective rings. The X-ray analyses demonstrated that the solid, bicyclic, oxygen-containing alcohol was in chair–chair form while the solid, bicyclic, sulfur-containing alcohol existed in chair–boat form. A tentative mechanism is that the Grignard reagent may coordinate with the oxygen atom and / or sulfur atom in a boat conformer of the bicyclic system prior to the attack from the “oxygen or sulfur sides.”