gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enrichment and detection of fetal erythroid cells from maternal peripheral blood using liquid culture (2001)

Isolating fetal cells from maternal blood for prenatal genetic analysis is the least invasive method currently being investigated. In order to enrich these fetal erythroid cells we employed a two-phase liquid culture system that supports the growth and differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells. Mononuclear cells were separated from ten maternal blood samples at 8-14(+3) weeks of gestation and cultured in the first phase. After 4-5 days, the non-adherent cells were harvested and recultured with erythropoietin for another 3-4 days. The mean number of total erythroid cells reached approximately 0.77x10(6)/ml with an average purity of 90.5%. Hb F stain disclosed fetal erythroid cells averaging approximately 5.7%, therefore the mean number of fetal erythroid cells isolated was 0.49x10(5)/ml. Female karyotypes were only observed while counting 5-66 metaphases. However, male DNA (SRY or DYZ1) was detected by PCR in 7/10 cases; in four of these cases and in one SRY-negative pregnancy the 46,XY karyotype was found by amniocentesis performed during the second trimester. This liquid culture system provided an enriched source of fetal cells without the need for more complicated separation or sorting procedures.
AFM Characterisation of Technical Fibres (2004)

Technical fibres are designed and produced to create microstructures that give the fibre product its characteristic properties. The use of new tools is of importance in fundamental and practical research and development of versatile technical fibres for a variety of applications. This paper highlights the methodological approaches to exploring the nanostructures, properties, and dynamics of surfaces and interfaces of technical fibres using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The examples presented include structure characteristics of nanofibre materials, nanostructure and properties of fibre surfaces, nanoscale level interactions at fibre interfaces, and dynamic nanostructure evolution of fibre surfaces under different conditions. In these areas, AFM is shown to be a useful and versatile tool to study nanostructures, to probe surface and interface properties, or to investigate the dynamic process at fibre surfaces and interfaces. AFM provides powerful tools for nondestructive characterisation of technical fibres.
Distribution of volatile compounds between the pulp and serum of some fruit juices (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDistribution of volatile compounds between the pulp and serum of some fruit juicesTerence. Radford, Kaoru. Kawashima, Paul K. Friedel, Larry E. Pope, and Maurizio A. GianturcoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1974, 22, 6, 1066–1070Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60196a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60196a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views192Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Dependence of absorption and optical contrast of a dichroic dye guest on the pitch of a chiral nematic host (1977)

Absorption of unpolarized light by a dichroic dye dissolved in a chiral nematic host increased with a decrease in pitch of the host, accompanied by a proportionate increase in contrast ratio, in qualitative agreement with a theoretical analysis by White and Taylor. Identical experimental values of order parameter of the guest-host system were obtained by two independent methods.
Detection of atomic spin labels in a lipid bilayer using a single-spin nanodiamond probe (2013)

Magnetic field fluctuations arising from fundamental spins are ubiquitous in nanoscale biology, and are a rich source of information about the processes that generate them. However, the ability to detect the few spins involved without averaging over large ensembles has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the detection of gadolinium spin labels in an artificial cell membrane under ambient conditions using a single-spin nanodiamond sensor. Changes in the spin relaxation time of the sensor located in the lipid bilayer were optically detected and found to be sensitive to near-individual (4 ± 2) proximal gadolinium atomic labels. The detection of such small numbers of spins in a model biological setting, with projected detection times of 1 s [corresponding to a sensitivity of ∼5 Gd spins per Hz(1/2)], opens a pathway for in situ nanoscale detection of dynamical processes in biology.
Speech recognition based on the subspace method: AI class-description leaning viewpoint. (1992)

This paper describes the learning mechanism employed in a highly efficient user-adaptive speech recognizer based on the subspace method for large vocabulary Japanese test input. Comparing the subspace-based learning system with the well-known AI learning system ARCH, the following points are made:(1) Subspace learning using covariance matrix modification and KL-expansion is a kind of class-description learning from examples, as found in ARCH. The subspace learning method focusses on feature extraction, which results in a powerful representation of pattern characteristics for each pattern class, but does not involve only pattern classification, unlike conventional pattern recognition methods.(
Catering to chondrocytes (2018)

An innovative strategy for delivering drugs to chondrocytes in situ offers new avenues for treating osteoarthritis (Geiger <i>et al</i>, this issue).
Automated Solvent-Free Matrix Deposition for Tissue Imaging by Mass Spectrometry (2009)

The ability to analyze complex (macro) molecules is of fundamental importance for understanding chemical, physical, and biological processes. Complexity may arise from small differences in structure, large dynamic range, as well as a vast range in solubility or ionization, imposing daunting tasks in areas as different as lipidomics and proteomics. Here, we describe a rapid matrix application that permits the deposition of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) matrix solvent-free. This solvent-free one-step automatic matrix deposition is achieved through vigorous movements of beads pressing the matrix material through a metal mesh. The mesh (20 mum) produces homogeneous coverage of <12 microm crystals (DHB, CHCA matrixes) in 1 min, as determined by optical microscopy, permitting fast uniform coverage of analyte and possible high-spatial resolution surface analysis. Homogenous tissue coverage of <5 microm sized crystals is achieved using a 3 microm mesh. Solvent-free MALDI analysis on a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer of mouse brain tissue homogenously covered with CHCA matrix subsequently provides a homogeneous response in ion signal intensity. Total solvent-free analysis (TSA) by mass spectrometry (MS) of tissue sections is carried out by applying the MALDI matrix solvent-free for subsequent ionization and gas phase separation for decongestion of complexity in the absence of any solvent using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) followed by MS detection. Isobaric compositions were well-delineated using TSA by MS.
DNA-Linker-Induced Surface Assembly of Ultra Dense Parallel Single Walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays (2012)

Ultrathin film preparations of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) allow economical utilization of nanotube properties in electronics applications. Recent advances have enabled production of micrometer scale SWNT transistors and sensors but scaling these devices down to the nanoscale, and improving the coupling of SWNTs to other nanoscale components, may require techniques that can generate a greater degree of nanoscale geometric order than has thus far been achieved. Here, we introduce linker-induced surface assembly, a new technique that uses small structured DNA linkers to assemble solution dispersed nanotubes into parallel arrays on charged surfaces. Parts of our linkers act as spacers to precisely control the internanotube separation distance down to <3 nm and can serve as scaffolds to position components such as proteins between adjacent parallel nanotubes. The resulting arrays can then be stamped onto other substrates. Our results demonstrate a new paradigm for the self-assembly of anisotropic colloidal nanomaterials into ordered structures and provide a potentially simple, low cost, and scalable route for preparation of exquisitely structured parallel SWNT films with applications in high-performance nanoscale switches, sensors, and meta-materials.
PUMPSIM: A software package for simulating computer-controlled drug infusion pumps (1992)

Advances in microcomputer technology have lead to the development of volumetric infusion pumps which can be controlled by a remote computer. Such pumps offer powerful capabilities for the administration of medications and fluids. Complex control strategies can be preprogrammed and the pump allowed to run with a minimum of supervision. The safety of patients is of the utmost importance. Therefore, great care must be taken to implement robust error avoidance, detection and correction protocols in the host control program. This paper describes a software simulator of a commercial infusion pump (Abbott Lifecare Model 4). Using the simulator in the development and debugging of control programs has several advantages over using the real pump: it provides detailed pump status information and it can stimulate various error and alarm conditions to comprehensively test the error recovery procedures of the control program.
Synthesis of HyBeacons and dual-labelled probes containing 2′-fluorescent groups for use in genetic analysis (2003)

An FMOC-protected 2'-hydroxyethyl uridine phosphoramidite has been used to synthesise fluorescein-labelled HyBeacon probes and "FAM-ROX" dual-labelled fluorogenic oligonucleotides.
Control of High-Temperature Supersonic Impinging Jets Using Microjets (2009)

The flowfield associated with supersonic impinging jets has been of interest to both engineers and researchers for some time due to its wide range of practical applications and its complex nature from a fundamental fluid dynamic point of view. An example of supersonic impinging jets occurs in short takeoff and vertical landing aircraft, for which the highly oscillatory flowfield and the associated acoustic loads are also accompanied by a dramatic loss in lift during hover, severe ground erosion of the landing surface, and hot gas ingestion into the engine inlets. Another characteristic feature of this flowfield is an intensive heat transfer between the jet and the impingement surface. In the past we have examined impinging jets and their control using microjets at cold conditions; the present study is a step toward examining this flowfield and the effectiveness of microjet control at increasingly realistic thermal conditions. An ideally expanded, Mach 1.5 primary jet issuing from an axisymmetric nozzle was heated up to a stagnation temperature of ∼500 K. Mean and unsteady temperature and pressure measurements were obtained on a lift plate representative of the undersurface of an aircraft and on the ground plane over a range of nozzle-to-plate distances (representing aircraft hover conditions). In addition, near-field noise was also measured using a microphone. The velocity field of the impinging jet for both cold and hot conditions was mapped using particle image velocimetry. Our results show that the temperature recovery factor at the stagnation point on the ground plane is strongly dependent on the temperature ratio and nozzle-to-plate distance, similar to observations in subsonic impinging jets. The hover lift loss for hot jets is much higher than for cold jets, nearly 75% of the primary jet thrust at small nozzle-to-plate distances. The pressure fluctuations generated by hot impinging jets are also substantially higher than their cold counterparts. As in cold jets, pressure and noise spectra for hot jets show discrete, high-amplitude acoustic tones (generally known as impinging tones) at frequencies varying with jet temperature. The activation of microjet control shows a substantial reduction in pressure fluctuations both in terms of overall sound pressure levels (up to 20 dB on the ground plane and 15 dB on the lift plate) and the attenuation of discrete, high-amplitude impinging tones (up to 32 dB). High-temperature peaks were observed in the temperature spectra at frequencies corresponding to impingement tones in the pressure and noise spectra; these were also substantially attenuated with microjet control. As much as 50% of the lift loss was recovered by using control for hot jets at smaller nozzle-to-plate distances. In general, the results provide evidence of the feasibility of using this active control approach under increasingly realistic conditions to achieve desired reductions in noise, unsteady pressures, and thermal loads.
Scalable Synthesis of Naphthothiophene and Benzodithiophene Scaffolds as π-Conjugated Synthons for Organic Materials (2018)

The synthesis on a gram-scale and the full characterization of naphtho[1,2-b]thiophene and benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b']dithiophene 4-carboxylate esters bearing 2-octyldodecyl side chains, and their stannylated and brominated derivatives, suitable for their insertion into π-conjugated polymers is described. The fully soluble and processable synthons are obtained through a cascade sequence of reactions, namely direct arylation and cross aldol condensation, which create an effective pathway for the annulation and π-extension of suitable, commercially available reagents. The newly reported synthesis are compared, whenever possible, using ‘green chemistry metrics’ with literature synthesis, showing dramatic improvements.
The Poem (1992)

Farewell to My Students I Across the big pond, builders' cranes, petrified insects in the sunset, all of the same species: the same side strut with a filament hanging from each tip.Really a cable.
What's in a handful of soil? : by invitation (2015)

Soil plays a critical role in the survival of people, plants and animals, yet is vastly underappreciated by the world at large. Victor Roberts, specialist soil scientist at the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, explains why this situation must change.
ipso-Substitution of a sulphinyl or sulphonyl group attached to pyridine rings and its application for the synthesis of macrocycles (1984)

A sulphinyl or sulphonyl group directly bound to the 2- or 4-position of a pyridine ring was readily displaced by several nucleophiles such as RO–, RS–, and CN– to afford the corresponding ipso-substitution products. Similarly, 2-halogeno-6-methylsulphinyl- or -methylsulphonyl-pyridines also react with nucleophiles to afford 2-halogeno-6-substituted pyridine derivatives. Thus, the leaving abilities of the leaving groups fall in the order RSO2 > RSO > Br ≃ Cl RS (R = alkyl or benzyl). The ipso-substitution can be applied to the synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyridino macrocycles containing both carbon–oxygen and carbon–sulphur bridges, resulting in several new macrocycles in moderate yields.
Discovery of an Orally Active Non-Peptide Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonist (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVLetterNEXTDiscovery of an Orally Active Non-Peptide Fibrinogen Receptor AntagonistHans Ulrich Stilz, Bernd Jablonka, Melitta Just, Jochen Knolle, Erich Friedrich Paulus, and Gerhard ZollerView Author Information Central Pharma Research and TD Cardiovascular Agents, Hoechst AG, D-65926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 11, 2118–2122Publication Date (Web):May 24, 1996Publication History Received14 March 1996Published online24 May 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm960210fhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jm960210frapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views369Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Aggregation,Antagonists,Cells,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Glucocorticoid Receptors In the Brain (1988)

The ability to downregulate the stress response is essential to good health. We still have much to learn about the biochemical bases of glucocorticoid effects on brain function—but it is now clear that the interaction between hormones and neurons provides a pathway by which thoughts and emotions can influence hormone secretion and hormones can influence behavior and mood.
Combined Effects of Priming and Fungicides on Control of Damping-off of Sweet Pepper (2008)

This study was conducted to determine effect of seed treatment with the primer PEG 6000 with or without fungicides on seed germination in the laboratory at 15℃or 35℃ as well as incidence of damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani or Pythium aphanidermatum and seedling growth of sweet pepper in the greenhouse, using two cultivars, Uranus and California Wonder. Seeds treated with PEG 6000 alone or PEG 6000 combined with fungicide significantly increased germination rate and germination speed at 15℃ and 35℃ Among the six fungicides tested except for Prochloraz fungicide for control of damping-off incidence, addition of fungicides to PEG 6000 solution did not significantly reduce the final germination percentage and germination speed compared with PEG 6000 primed alone treatment. PEG 6000+ Difenoconazole or PEG 6000+ Metalaxy primed seed treatment was more effective than the PEG 6000 primed seed alone in significantly decreasing Rhizoctonia or Pythium damping-off incidences by 77.6-86.2% and 100% in two cultivars, respectively. Effective control of damping-off of sweet pepper by the seed priming with PEG 6000 combined with Pencycuron and cupric hydroxide fungicides was also obtained in greenhouse. This study suggested that priming in combination with fungicides had potential for use in the commercial seed treatment.
Functional Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes on Aluminum Oxide (2008)

Tethered bilayer lipid membranes are established as well-suited model membrane systems adaptable to different surfaces, for example, gold and silicon. These solid supported membranes are highly flexible in their tethering and lipid parts and can thus be optimized for functional incorporation of membrane proteins. The excellent sealing properties of the tethered membranes allow incorporated ion-channel proteins to be investigated. Preparation of ultrasmooth aluminum oxide by sputtering and synthesis of new tethering lipids with phosphonic acid anchor groups enable formation of an electrically sealing membrane on this surface. This process is monitored by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. High sealing performance of the membrane and functional incorporation of the ion carrier valinomycin are demonstrated.
FERROMAGNETISM IN DIVALENT EUROPIUM SALTS (1962)

First Page
JBP485 promotes tear and mucin secretion in ocular surface epithelia (2015)

Dry eye syndrome (DES), a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface, is one of the most common ocular disorders. Tear film contains ocular mucins and is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the wet ocular surface. Since there are a limited number of clinical options for the treatment of DES, additional novel treatments are needed to improve the clinical results. In this study, we found that placental extract-derived dipeptide (JBP485) clearly promoted the expression and secretion of gel-forming mucin 5ac (Muc5ac) in rabbit conjunctival epithelium. JBP485 also elevated the expression level of cell surface-associated mucins (Muc1/4/16) in rabbit corneal epithelium. The Schirmer tear test results indicated that JBP485 induced tear secretion in the rabbit model. Moreover, JBP485 clinically improved corneal epithelial damage in a mouse dry eye model. Thus, our data indicate that JBP485 efficiently promoted mucin and aqueous tear secretion in rabbit ocular surface epithelium and has the potential to be used as a novel treatment for DES.
Methodology for Monitoring Ground Water at Uranium Solution Mines (1980)

ABSTRACT Monitoring the chemistry of ground water near in‐situ uranium leach mines is complicated by chemical variations unrelated to the mining operation that result from (1) spatial differences in the aquifer environment, and hence, in the water chemistry, (2) inconsistent or inadequate sampling procedures, and (3) errors in chemical analyses. Differences in the chemistry of water from place to place in the aquifer should be identified in pre‐mining baseline studies and must be taken into account during monitoring of the leaching operation, because natural waters of chemistry different from that established at a particular well during the baseline sampling period may be drawn into the monitoring well by pumping. The most important factor in developing proper sampling techniques is the configuration of the well and pumping equipment; if the pump intake is set near the point where water enters the well, and if the pumping rate is kept low to reduce turbulent mixing of waters in the well, it is not necessary to pump a full well‐bore volume before collecting a sample. Errors in chemical data can be eliminated by proper storage and handling of the samples and by careful checking of the analyses for chemical balance and eliminating the analyses that do not balance properly. Interpretation of the chemical data should be made only after assuring that these monitoring problems have been taken into account.