gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
New MPEG Transport Standard for Next Generation Hybrid Broadcasting System With IP (2014)

MPEG-2 transport system (TS) and ISO base media file format (ISOBFF) standards developed by MPEG have been widely used by various industries and applications including digital broadcasting systems. Recently MPEG has developed a new standard, MPEG Media Transport or MMT, for next generation broadcasting system considering the emerging convergence of digital broadcasting network and the Internet. MMT assumes HTML5 and Internet protocol (IP) as deployment environment and inherits major features of MPEG-2 TS while simplifying unnecessary complicated features in IP environments. It also considers hybrid delivery of multi-screen services. MMT defines an application layer protocol enabling packetization of opaque objects or files without considering the structure of data and media processing unit (MPU) format specific packetization. Synchronization technology of MMT providing flexible synchronization of multimedia components delivered through hybrid environment over multiple devices is built on top of HTML5.
Evolution of isolated turbulent trailing vortices (2008)

In this work, the temporal evolution of a low swirl-number turbulent Batchelor vortex is studied using pseudospectral direct numerical simulations. The solution of the governing equations in the vorticity-velocity form allows for accurate application of boundary conditions. The physics of the evolution is investigated with an emphasis on the mechanisms that influence the transport of axial and angular momentum. Excitation of normal mode instabilities gives rise to coherent large scale helical structures inside the vortical core. The radial growth of these helical structures and the action of axial shear and differential rotation results in the creation of a polarized vortex layer. This vortex layer evolves into a series of hairpin-shaped structures that subsequently breakdown into elongated fine scale vortices. Ultimately, the radially outward propagation of these structures results in the relaxation of the flow towards a stable high-swirl configuration. Two conserved quantities, based on the deviation from the laminar solution, are derived and these prove to be useful in characterizing the polarized vortex layer and enhancing the understanding of the transport process. The generation and evolution of the Reynolds stresses is also addressed.
Social and emotional characteristics of speech-based in-vehicle information systems (2009)

Modern vehicles use advanced information systems in vehicles to provide and control a wide variety of functions and features. Even modest vehicles today are equipped with systems that control diverse functions from air-conditioning to high quality audio/video systems. Since driving requires the use of eyes and hands, voice interaction has become more widely used by in-vehicle systems. Due to the technical complexity involved in voice recognition, focus has been on issues of speech ecognition. Speech generation is comparatively simple, but what effect does the choice of voice have on the driver? We know from human-human interaction that social cues of the voice itself influence attitude and interpretation of information. Introducing speech based communication with the car changes the relationship between driver and vehicle. So, for in-vehicle information systems, does the spoken voice matter? The work presented in this thesis studies the effects of the voice used by invehicle systems. A series of studies were used to answer the following questions: Do the characteristics of voices used by an in-vehicle system affect driver's attitude? Do the characteristics of voice used by an in-vehicle system affect driver's performance? Are social reactions to voice communication the same in the car environment as in the office environment? Results show that voices do matter! Voices trigger social and emotional effects that impact both attitude and driving performance. Moreover, there is not one effective voice that works for all drivers. Therefore an in-vehicle system that knows its driver and possibly adapts to its driver can be the most effective. Finally, an interesting observation from these studies is that social reactions to voice communication in the car are different than in the office, Similarity attraction, an otherwise solid finding in social science, did not hold all studies. It is hypothesized that this difference can be related to the different kinds of task demands when driving a car or working in an office environment (A). http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51969.
Changes in Urinary Levels and Renal Expression of Uroguanylin on Low or High Salt Diets in Rats (2002)

These findings suggest that uroguanylin regulates sodium metabolism in the intestine and kidneys during oral salt load in an autocrine and paracrine manner.
Single-molecule analysis of 1D diffusion and transcription elongation of T7 RNA polymerase along individual stretched DNA molecules (2007)

Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we directly visualize in real-time, the 1D Brownian motion and transcription elongation of T7 RNA polymerase along aligned DNA molecules bound to substrates by molecular combing. We fluorescently label T7 RNA polymerase with antibodies and use flow to convect them orthogonally to the DNA alignment direction, permitting observation and estimation of the protein diffusivity along the DNA at the single-molecule level. Our observations suggest that the 1D diffusion coefficient varies from molecule to molecule over the range 6.1 x 10(-11) cm2/s to 4.3 x 10(-9) cm2/s. We also observe binding and transcription by T7 RNA polymerases on single combed T7 DNA molecules with an apparent association rate of 1.6 microM(-1)s(-1). From the measured dependence of the rate of transcription on concentration of nucleotide triphosphate, we infer that the combed DNA molecules capable of interacting with proteins are under an average tension of 25 pN.
Kyrle's disease in patients with chronic renal failure. (1982)

• Hyperkeratosis follicularis et parafollicularis in cutem penetrans, or Kyrle's disease, is a rare dermatologic entity with distinctive clinical and histopathologic features. Over a two-year period, nine cases of Kyrle's disease were observed among 200 patients receiving hemodialysis for chronic renal failure. This observation suggests an association between Kyrle's disease and renal disease that, to our knowledge, has not previously been reported. (Arch Dermatol1982;118:85-88)
The Risk Assessment of Crime Prevention System Based on Risk Entropy Model (2010)

Nowadays, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, national security situation become more and more serious. Although various security facilities have played a positive role in the field of social security prevention, there are some defects with poorly designed and personnel protection, physical protection, and electronic protection formation non-integration. The effectiveness evaluation of crime prevention system focuses on the experience and management level, and lack of scientific quantitative evaluation of the theoretical methods and technical means. So it is a major strategic task to research on risk assessment techniques and the establishment of objective evaluation of the risk of crime prevention system in the area of the development on national security prevention. In this paper, to begin with, we put forward the concept of risk entropy according to the Shannon information theory, establish the risk entropy model of security node, and research on the expression and calculation of security node risk entropy. On the other hand, we establish the abstract security network simulation model to study the path dependence of the method of the calculation on security network risk entropy based on a broad crime prevention system that is formed in the connection security node with traffic network. Finally, the simulation results show that the change relationship between the risk of crime prevention system and system effectiveness is in line with the objective reality.
A new wideband rectangular patch antenna (2002)

A novel design for increasing the bandwidth of a rectangular patch antenna is introduced and implemented. The design concept involves terminating a suitable point of the patch with an appropriately designed stub. This stub simultaneously acts as a short circuit and impedance thereby creating two close resonances. This new design is very useful since it improves the bandwidth of a traditional rectangular patch antenna by a factor of three.
Efficient Computation of Gap-Weighted String Kernels On Large Alphabets (2004)

Abstract We present a sparse dynamic programming algorithm that, given two strings s, t,a gap penalty *, and an integer p, computes the value of the gap-weighted length-psubsequences kernel. The algorithm works in time O(p|M | log min(|s|, |t|)), where M = {(i, j)|si = tj} is the set of matches of characters in the two sequences.The new algorithm is empirically evaluated against a full dynamic programming approach and a trie-based algorithm on synthetic data. Based on the experiments, thefull dynamic programming approach is the fastest on short strings, and on long strings if the alphabet is small. On large alphabets, the new sparse dynamic programmingalgorithm is the most efficient. On medium-sized alphabets the trie-based approach is best if the maximum number of allowed gaps is strongly restricted. 1 Introduction Machine learning algorithms working on sequence data are needed both in bioinformaticsand text understanding and mining. In contrast, standard machine learning algorithms work on feature vector representation, thus requiring a feature extraction phase to map sequencedata into feature vectors. Representing these feature vectors explicitly is often problematic due to the potentiallyhigh dimensionality. Kernel methods (Vapnik, 1995; Cristianini and Shawe-Taylor, 2000) provide an efficient way of tackling the problem of dimensionality via the use of a kernelfunction, corresponding to the inner product of two feature vectors. With these precomputed inner products, it is possible to efficiently accomplish a variety of machine learningand data analysis tasks, e.g. classification, regression and clustering.
A comprehensive interactive competency program. Part I: Development and framework. (2000)

The department of medicine/oncology nursing of an academic medical center developed and implemented a comprehensive interactive competency program. The program proved to be valuable to nurses and the organization. Part I of this two-part series describes the process of program development and the resulting framework.
Leak checker data acquisition system (2002)

A portable, high speed, computerized, data logging system is proposed. The primary function of this system is to collect 'helium readings' from mass spectrometers. This system monitors up to 14 mass spectrometers, operating from as far away as 1 kilometer, or clustered to isolate a helium leak within 20 cm. Data logging enables technicians to witness the flight of the helium through the magnet string by a graphical plotting of every channel within microseconds of when the helium was released into the vacuum. The readings are used to locate vacuum leaks and provide acceptance testing of the vacuum system for a string of superconducting magnets. The secondary functions of this system are the documentation of test conditions, archiving data sets for future reference, and providing a real-time display of all channels as the string of magnets approach critical test conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Real Time Rendering and Animation of Virtual Characters (2007)

In this paper, we focus on the different aspects of real time visualization and animation of realistic virtual characters. The common goal for our research was to come up with solutions based on the concepts of the ISO standard X3D and if necessary propose generalized extensions to the standard. First we describe a high level control language and its implementation suitable for non-graphics experts. Then we focus on the different aspects of realistic rendering, how X3D must be extended to allow special effects and realization of novel rendering algorithms, including skin and emotion rendering. Next we explain the challenges of dynamics related to virtual characters covering play-back and blending of pre-defined animations, online simulation of locomotion and hair simulation. We will briefly introduce the issues related to creation of character geometries and animations as well as simple storytelling. All the work described in this paper was carried out in the project Virtual Human. During the past four years we made several observations for the graphics part of virtual characters, which can be found in a special section of this paper.
Plaque induced periodontal disease in beagle dogs (1975)

The present investigation was carried out in order to study some aspects of the clinical, roentgenographical and histopathological alterations of periodontal tissues in dogs which during a 4‐year period were allowed freely to accumulate plaque. Twenty inbred Beagle dogs, at the start of the study 10 months of age, were used. During a preparatory period of eight weeks the animals were once weekly subjected to a careful prophylaxis and had their teeth brushed twice daily. At the end of this period the dogs were divided into two groups of ten (test and control). From day zero of experimentation and onwards the teeth of the control dogs were twice daily subjected to meticulous toothbrushing, whereas the teeth of the test dogs were not cleaned. Examinations of the periodontal tissues were performed at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and after 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 months. Biopsies of different tooth regions were made on day zero and after 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 months of experiment. In the sections were measured (i) the distance from the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) to the most apical cells of the dento‐gingival epithelium, and (ii) the distance from CEJ to the level of the marginal alveolar bone. The study demonstrated that it is possible in dogs to establish and maintain a normal gingiva simply by eliminating calculus and then subjecting the animals to daily repeated and carefully performed tooth cleanings. Dogs allowed freely to accumulate plaque rapidly developed signs of gingivitis and eventually also clinical, radiographical and histopathological signs of periodontal tissue breakdown. The observations show that at least one type of periodontal disease is induced by factors within the dental plaque.
Differential Induction of Human Beta‐Defensin Expression by Periodontal Commensals and Pathogens in Periodontal Pocket Epithelial Cells (2005)

The results suggest that a correlation can be found in diseased oral epithelium between the defensin profiles that are induced and the pathogenicity of the oral bacterial strains.
Novel Catalysis by Gold: from Nanoparticles to Clusters (2012)

Although gold (Au) in bulk is almost inert as a catalyst, it turns to be active for many reactions when deposited as nanoparticles (NPs) and clusters on base metal oxides. They are characterized by three features; active at low temperatures, enhanced by water, and uniquely selective. Over supported Au NPs CO adsorbs on the Au surfaces and O2 is activated at the perimeter interfaces around Au NPs. Both the two adsorbates react with each other at the perimeter interfaces. Gold clusters are expected to exhibit unique selectivity through the precise control of the number of atoms and the selection of appropriate support materials.
Antiinflammatory Effect of Aqueous Extract from Red Pepper on Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammatory Responses in Murine Macrophages (2009)

본 연구의 목적은 향신료로서 한국인의 식생활에 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있는 홍고추가루 수용성 추출물의 항염증 활성을 검토해보고자 수행되었다. 그 결과 홍고추가루의 수용성 추출물은 LPS 처리에 의한 NO 및 PGE₂의 생성을 현저히 억제시키는 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며, NO의 생합성효소인 iNOS 단백질의 발현 또한 억제시킴을 확인할 수 있었다. 홍고추가루의 수용성 추출물은 염증성 사이토카인인 IL-6의 생성억제 효과도 탁월하였다. 이러한 연구결과로 볼 때 고추의 수용성 추출물이 대식세포에 의해 생성되는 염증반응의 매개물질인 NO, PGE₂, IL-6의 생성을 억제함으로 염증반응을 완화시켜 주는 것으로 판단된다. 차후 항염증 활성을 갖는 홍고추가루의 수용성 추출물의 성분을 동정하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되며, 고추가 식품유래의 항염증 활성을 갖는 제품 개발에 있어 유용한 식품자원 원료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Self-powered fully-flexible light-emitting system enabled by flexible energy harvester (2014)

We present a self-powered all-flexible light-emitting optoelectronic device using a flexible and high-performance piezoelectric energy harvester with a robustly developed flexible and vertically structured inorganic LED array.
A prospective randomized comparison of Dacron and polytetrafluoroethylene aortic bifurcation grafts (1995)

No significant differences were noted between the results achieved with Dacron and PTFE aortic bifurcation grafts.
Injectable calcium phosphate cement as a bone-graft material around peri-implant dehiscence defects: a dog study. (2009)

Within the limits of the present study, it was concluded that Augmentech injectable calcium phosphate cement may be a suitable material for the treatment of buccal dehiscence defects around dental implants.
Dynamic performance of a grid connected wind generation system with fuzzy logic controlled variable capacitance compensation (2008)

Dynamic model of a variable speed wind generation system connected to grid is developed, and its steady state and dynamic performance is explored. The performance under wind gust and three-phase fault has been studied and the amount of transient injection to the grid is also investigated. A control scheme that minimizes the transient injection through a thyristor controlled variable capacitance at the generator terminal is proposed and developed. Fuzzy logic based controller is included in its control loop. Simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic controlled variable capacitance compensation scheme.
Synthesis of Cyclopropene Analogues of Ceramide and Their Effect on Dihydroceramide Desaturase (2003)

The synthesis of several analogues of the N-[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-2-(2-tridecyl-1-cyclopropenyl)ethyl]octanamide (GT11), the first reported inhibitor of dihydroceramide desaturase, as well as their effects on this enzyme, are described. Modifications of the parent structure include variations on the cyclopropene ring, the N-acyl chain length, the configuration of the stereocenters, and the hydroxyl group at C1. The key intermediates for the synthesis are the products resulting from the addition of suitable organolithium compounds to either Garner's aldehyde or its enantiomer. The final products are obtained by TMSTf-induced cleavage of the protecting groups and N-acylation, both under specific conditions. An alternative method for N-Boc deprotection is also reported that allows us to obtain the cyclopropene analogue of sphingosine 12a, which can be transformed into GT11 upon acylation. The procedure consists of the conversion of the Garner aldehyde addition products into the bicyclic dihydrooxazolo[3,4,0]oxazol-3-ones 19 by transesterification in basic medium of the tert-butyl group with the hydroxyl function at C3. Mild cleavage of the N,O-isopropylidene cyclic acetal present in 19 affords the oxazolidin-2-one 20, which gives 12a upon saponification. Furthermore, compound 20 is also the key intermediate in the synthesis of the terminal deoxy, methoxy, and fluoro derivatives 9, 10, and 11, respectively. Determination of dihydroceramide desaturase activity in vitro showed that GT11 was a competitive inhibitor (Ki = 6 microM) and that its analogues with N-hexanoyl (6) and N-decanoyl (7) moieties inhibited the enzyme with similar potencies (IC50 = 13 and 31 microM, respectively). No decrease in dihydroceramide desaturase activity was observed with any of the other compounds tested.
Creating and Animating Subject‐Specific Anatomical Models (2010)

Abstract Creating and animating subject‐specific anatomical models is traditionally a difficult process involving medical image segmentation, geometric corrections and the manual definition of kinematic parameters. In this paper, we introduce a novel template morphing algorithm that facilitates three‐dimensional modelling and parameterization of skeletons. Target data can be either medical images or surfaces of the whole skeleton. We incorporate prior knowledge about bone shape, the feasible skeleton pose and the morphological variability in the population. This allows for noise reduction, bone separation and the transfer, from the template, of anatomical and kinematical information not present in the input data. Our approach treats both local and global deformations in successive regularization steps: smooth elastic deformations are represented by an as‐rigid‐as‐possible displacement field between the reference and current configuration of the template, whereas global and discontinuous displacements are estimated through a projection onto a statistical shape model and a new joint pose optimization scheme with joint limits.
Digital In-band OSNR Estimation for Polarization-Multiplexed Optical Transmission (2013)

We propose fast digital in-band optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) estimation technique using pilot sequence for polarization-multiplexed signals. Its estimation accuracy is better than 0.2 dB in simulation. And, its feasibility is experimentally demonstrated.
Saga: An Open Source Platform for Training Machine Learning Models and Community-driven Sharing of Techniques (2019)

With the increasing popularity of machine learning in areas such as multimedia indexing and social media analysis, comes an increasing number of tools for developing and training the machine learning models. These tools assist in the selection and optimization of hyperparameters, but the user becomes locked into the platform's built-in solutions. Therefore, this demo presents an open-source, community-driven platform for sharing machine learning models, training techniques, and datasets. The platform, called Saga, provides a machine learning training pipeline such as those found in machine learning services provided by cloud providers. However, Saga also provides a store where users can upload and share their machine learning training methods. Additionally, the store allows users to rate and comment on other users' uploaded methods, as well as download and run them without any additional setup. In our demo, we will run a scenario where a user wants to train an image classifier using Saga. The demonstration will involve downloading methods from the store and displaying the pipeline provided by the Saga platform.
Low-Temperature Sintering and Properties of (Pb, Ba, Sr)(Zr, Ti, Sb)O<sub>3</sub> Piezoelectric Ceramics Using Sintering Aids (1999)

Low-temperature sintering of (Pb 0.86 Ba 0.04 Sr 0.12 )(Zr 0.56 Ti 0.44 Sb 0.02 )O 3 (PBSZT) powders was investigated using Pb 5 Ge 3 O 11 (PGO) or LiBiO 2 (LBiO) as sintering aids. 1 wt% PGO or 1 wt% LBiO-added PBSZT powders could be densified into sintered bodies at 800°C for 2 h with a relative density of approximately 96%. The addition of PGO or LBiO significantly improved the sinterability of PBSZT powders, resulting in a reduction of sintering temperature by about 200°C. Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of LBiO-added PBSZT ceramics were superior to those fabricated without sintering aids. However, the addition of PGO was not effective in improving the dielectric and piezoelectric properties. This may be attributable to the microstructural change involving the solid solution reaction between the PBSZT matrix and the PGO additive. The 1 wt% LBiO-added PBSZT bodies sintered at 1000°C exhibited a dielectric constant of 2600, remanent polarization of 14.7 µC/cm 2 , and longitudinal strain of 0.24%