gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genomic Organization of the Human Skeletal Muscle Sodium Channel Gene (1993)

Voltage-dependent sodium channels are essential for normal membrane excitability and contractility in adult skeletal muscle. The gene encoding the principal sodium channel alpha-subunit isoform in human skeletal muscle (SCN4A) has recently been shown to harbor point mutations in certain hereditary forms of periodic paralysis. We have carried out an analysis of the detailed structure of this gene including delineation of intron-exon boundaries by genomic DNA cloning and sequence analysis. The complete coding region of SCN4A is found in 32.5 kb of genomic DNA and consists of 24 exons (54 to > 2.2 kb) and 23 introns (97 bp-4.85 kb). The exon organization of the gene shows no relationship to the predicted functional domains of the channel protein and splice junctions interrupt many of the transmembrane segments. The genomic organization of sodium channels may have been partially conserved during evolution as evidenced by the observation that 10 of the 24 splice junctions in SCN4A are positioned in homologous locations in a putative sodium channel gene in Drosophila (para). The information presented here should be extremely useful both for further identifying sodium channel mutations and for gaining a better understanding of sodium channel evolution.
Formation and characterization of microcapsules by complex coacervation with liquid or solid aroma cores (2008)

Abstract The process parameters typically reported in the literature for the encapsulation of aroma compounds via coacervation are reviewed and their effects on capsule formation discussed. We then report on our approach to produce coacervates [liquid (limonene or medium chain triglycerides) or solid core (menthol)] using gum acacia/gelatin as wall materials. Manufacturing parameters were optimized to allow the production of consistent batches of coacervate microcapsules. Capsules were cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde and freeze‐dried. Coacervates were characterized for their structure and shape, size distribution, flavour load and water uptake rate. In addition, a brief storage study compared the ability of coacervate capsules and spray‐dried capsules (using modified starch as carrier material) to protect limonene from oxidation. No detectable increase in limonene oxide could be detected in capsules made by coacervation over 25 days in storage at 45 °C, whereas a significant increase in limonene oxide was detected in spray‐dried powder over the same period. Encapsulation by coacervation (as described in this paper) appears to be an effective technique for encapsulating aroma compounds and provides a good barrier against oxidation of sensitive material. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DeAliaser (2013)

Alias analysis is a critical component in many compiler optimizations. A promising approach to reduce the complexity of alias analysis is to use speculation. The approach consists of performing optimizations assuming the alias relationships that are true most of the time, and repairing the code when such relationships are found not to hold through runtime checks. This paper proposes a general alias speculation scheme that leverages upcoming hardware support for transactions with the help of some ISA extensions. The ability of transactions to checkpoint and roll back frees the compiler to pursue aggressive optimizations without having to worry about recovery code. Also, exposing the memory conflict detection hardware in transactions to software allows runtime checking of aliases with little or no overhead. We test the potential of the novel alias speculation approach with Loop Invariant Code Motion (LICM), Global Value Numbering (GVN), and Partial Redundancy Elimination (PRE) optimization passes. On average, they are shown to reduce program execution time by 9% in SPEC FP2006 applications and 3% in SPEC INT2006 applications over the alias analysis of a state-of-the-art compiler.
Stability analysis of a large slope overhanging the Vagli Basin(Tuscany, Italy) (2009)

Design Methods"When the water in-filling reached the level of 550m a.s.l.some gliding events occurred in the slope cut by the new road (Figure 1, Figure 2 -both from Baschieri & Guli, 1956) .As a consequence the National Dam Board allowed the basin to be used only with the water level below 548m a.s.l.; this restriction became permanent after the severe event of the Vajont basin in 1963.In the early eighties, the whole slope was equipped with a monitoring control system constituted by: piezometers, inclinometers, distantiometers, estensimeters and topographic high precision survey.Today, because of the increase of the cost of petroleum and energy demand, ENEL commissioned to the University a research project in order to overcome ABSTRACTThe Vagli arc-gravity dam (95.50m in high), in the Northern Apennines (Italy), was built in the early '50s of the last century.Its basin contains about 34Mm 3 and is one of the largest hydroelectric basins in the peninsular, Italy.Early after the water in-filling, a large landslide developed on a slope of the basin.That resulted in a restriction, with the water level authorized only up 2/3 of the basin capacity.Recently, due to the increase of the petroleum costs and energy demand, a joint research program Universities-ENEL was established to overcome that restriction by verifying the real state of stability of that slope.The first step of the research was a detailed field geological, geostructural and geomechanical survey finalized to define the geological setting and the geomechanical model of the whole slope: the results showing a sub-horizontal setting of thin to thick bedded limestone and limestone with marls, with a thick debris cover.Seismic survey evidenced that near the surface rock-mass appear to be loosened for about a few tens of a meter.Critical analysis of the data from the monitoring performed in the last thirty years outlined movements in the order of about a few mm/y, which is in the range of a natural slope-dynamic.Critical field analysis and document reconstruction of the historical landslide points in favor of a large debris collapse due to the cut of a new road above the full-water-level.A decision was made to perform a full stability analysis of the whole slope according to the most recent geomechanical methods.The slope was analyzed by using a self-developed GIS tool suitable to apply the SMR and the Critical Equilibrium methods to each TIN-grid of the slope: it resulted into a generally stable but raveling slope, thus justifying the thick debris cover.The slope stability was also verified by means of numerical models, namely PHASE2 ( Rocscience Inc.): the slope resulted to be generically stable, but debris cover and loosened rock-mass appear to have a Stability Factor close to 1.3 in the slope segment between 500m and 600m above sea level.Here, some criticalities could grow up in the event of strong rainfall with water saturation of the slope or of a large earthquake.
Radioimmunoassay of tuberculoprotein derived from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (1980)

A radioimmunoassay was developed for constituent of the purified-protein derivative obtained from cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Crossreacting immunoreactive material was detected in cultures of other mycobacterial species, but no immunoreactivity was present in cultures of various fungal and bacterial species. The development of specific radioimmunoassays for tuberculoproteins offers a new research and diagnostic approach.
Acidified Clay Litter Amendment (2000)

Two broiler floor pen experiments lasting 50 and 48 days, respectively, were conducted to compare the performance of a new, granular, acidified clay poultry litter amendment (Poultry Guard™) and two other commercially available products. In Experiment 1, ammonia levels and litter pH were compared for the acidified clay, sodium bisulfate, and alum versus an untreated control. All three litter treatments reduced ammonia levels for up to 30 days relative to the untreated control. Broiler performance benefits and reduced beetle counts were obtained for all three litter amendments. In Experiment 2, the effect of increasing acid loading of the acidified clay (from 36% to 46% acid) were compared to alum and untreated control. As before, the litter amendments provided benefits (ammonia, litter pH reduction, and broiler performance gains) when compared to the untreated control. The 46% acid-loaded clay gave a statistically significant improvement in adjusted feed conversion and breast blister scores, but was matched by the 36% acid-loaded clay and alum treatments in most other areas.
Charged Particle in an Electromagnetic Field Using Variational Integrators (2011)

In the present work we extend the discrete Lagrangian integrator method presented in Ref. [1] to derive appropriate numerical maps for the solution of mechanical problems in which the potential energy depends on the velocity of the system. As a representative concrete example and simulated experiment of the method presented here, we examine the motion of a charged particle moving in an electromagnetic field.
Preparation and morphological, electrical, and mechanical properties of polyimide‐grafted MWCNT/polyimide composite (2007)

Abstract Precursor of polyimide, polyamic acid has been prepared sucessfully. Acid‐modified carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was grafted with soluble polyimide then was added to the polyamic acid and heated to 300 °C to form polyimide/carbon nanotube composite via imidation. Morphology, mechanical properties and electrical resistivity of the MWCNT/polyimide composites have been studied. Transmission electron microscope microphotographs show that the diameter of soluble polyimide‐grafted MWCNT was increased from 30–60 nm to 200 nm, that is a thickness of 70–85 nm of the soluble polyimide was grafted on the MWCNT surface. PI‐ g ‐MWCNT was well dispersed in the polymer matrix. Percolation threshold of MWCNT/polyimide composites has been investigated. PI‐ g ‐MWCNT/PI composites exhibit lower electrical resistivity than that of the acid‐modified MWCNT/PI composites. The surface resistivity of 5.0 phr MWCNT/polyimide composites was 2.82 × 10 8 Ω/cm 2 (PI‐ g ‐MWCNT) and 2.53 × 10 9 Ω/cm 2 (acid‐modified MWCNT). The volume resistivity of 5.0 phr MWCNT/polyimide composites was 8.77 × 10 6 Ω cm (PI‐ g ‐MWCNT) and 1.33 × 10 13 Ω cm (acid‐modified MWCNT).Tensile strength and Young's modulus increased significantly with the increase of MWCNT content. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 3349–3358, 2007
Effect of Temperature and Concentration on the Chlorohydrination of Allyltrimethylammonium Chloride (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Temperature and Concentration on the Chlorohydrination of Allyltrimethylammonium ChlorideC. L. Mehltretter, T. A. McGuire, C. A. Glass, and C. A. WilhamCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1969, 8, 3, 279–281Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i360031a013https://doi.org/10.1021/i360031a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views42Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
GLP‐1 improves neuropathology after murine cold lesion brain trauma (2014)

These results show that Lira has potent effects after experimental trauma in mice and thus should be considered a candidate for critical care intervention post-injury. Moreover, activation of CREB in the brain by Lira - described for the first time to be dependent on pathology - should be investigated further as a potential mechanism of action in neurodegenerative disorders.
Sixty-seven Cases of Abnormal Movement of the Cardiac Apex Treated with Bu Xin Tang (2002)

Bu Xin Tang (heart-reinforcement decoction) was used to treat 67 cases of abnormal movement of the cardiac apex based on differentiation of symptoms and signs. The results showed that, in most patients, there were remarkable improvement notonly for the symptoms but also for the abnormal movement of the cardiac apex. The cured plus remarkably effective rate was 87%, suggesting that it can postponeor prevent coronary heart attacks for the patient of prophase coronary heart disease.……
Generation of Nitric Oxide from Organic Nitrovasodilators during Passage through the Coronary Vascular Bed and Its Role in Coronary Vasodilation and Nitrate Tolerance (1991)

This study investigated the release of nitric oxide (NO) from glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and SIN-1 in Langendorff rabbit hearts. Infusion of either GTN (10-40 microM) or SIN-1 (0.45-4.5 microM) into the coronary inflow tract resulted in a decrease in coronary perfusion pressure and NO release (oxyhemoglobin technique) into the coronary effluent. NO release from SIN-1 occurred spontaneously whereas passage through the coronary circulation, i.e. active metabolism, was required for NO release from GTN. Removal of the coronary endothelium and blockade of endothelial NO formation did not affect NO release from GTN and SIN-1. In GTN-tolerant hearts, there was a considerable inhibition of GTN- but not SIN-1-induced NO formation and coronary vasodilation. These data suggest (1) that metabolic NO release from GTN occurs during passage of the coronary circulation and is independent of the presence of endothelium, and (2) reduced NO release is a major cause of nitrate tolerance.
An Architecture for Big Data Analytics (2014)

Big Data is the new experience curve in the new economy driven by data with high volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. They come from various sources that include the Internet, mobile devices, social media, geospatial devices, sensors, and other machine-generated data. Unlocking the value of Big Data allows business to better sense and respond to the environment, and is becoming a key to creating competitive advantages in a complex and rapidly changing market. Government is also taking notice of the Big Data phenomenon and has created initiatives to exploit Big Data in many areas such as science and engineering, healthcare and national security. Traditional data processing and analysis of structured data using RDBMS and data warehousing no longer satisfy the challenges of Big Data. Technology trends for Big Data embrace open source software, commodity servers, and massively parallel-distributed processing platforms. Analytics is at the core of exploiting values from Big Data to create consumable insights for business and government. This paper presents architecture for Big Data Analytics and explores Big Data technologies that include NoSQL databases, Hadoop Distributed File System and MapReduce.
Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (TMAH) Thermochemolysis of Lignin:  Behavior of 4-<i>O</i>-Etherified Cinnamyl Alcohols and Aldehydes (2005)

The thermochemolytic behavior of 4-O-etherified cinnamyl alcohols and aldehydes in lignin was investigated in the presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) (315 degrees C/4 s), using veratrylglycol-beta-(coniferyl alcohol) ether (1a), veratrylglycol-beta-(sinapyl alcohol) ether (1b), and veratrylglycol-beta-(coniferyl aldehyde) ether (2). The methylated products were monitored with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Dimers 1a and 1b provided the coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol dimethyl ethers consisting of three isomers, respectively. Coniferyl alcohol dimethyl ether isomers were also observed in the TMAH thermochemolysis pyrolysates of a bulk dehydrogenation polymer of coniferyl alcohol and a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) wood. Coniferyl aldehyde methyl ether was not provided from TMAH thermochemolyses of coniferyl aldehyde, 2, a dehydrogenation polymer of coniferyl aldehyde, and the cedar wood. The former three provided veratryl aldehyde in a large abundance, instead of coniferyl aldehyde methyl ether. Sinapyl aldehyde provided 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde in a large abundance and sinapyl aldehyde methyl ether in a trace abundance. The results showed that TMAH thermochemolysis is an effective tool to obtain information on cinnamyl alcohol end groups, but is not applicable to analysis of cinnamyl aldehyde end groups.
Antibacterial Activity of<i>Sanguisorba officinalis</i>against<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (2010)

In this study, a medicinal herbal plant, Sanguisorba officinalis, was examined and screened for anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) activity. Seventy percent ethanol was used for herbal extraction. For anti-H. pylori activity screening, inhibitory zone tests as an in vitro assay and in vivo study using a Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) model were performed. Also, the safety of herbal compounds was evaluated by animal study. As a result of inhibitory zone test, Sanguisorba officinalis extract demonstrated strong anti-H. pylori activities. Also, as results of in vivo animal studies, Sanguisorba officinalis extract demonstrated strong therapeutic effects against H. pylori infection according to the criteria of histological examination and rapid urease test. As results of the safety study, after 28 days treatment of the Sanguisorba officinalis extract, the animals were not detected any grossly and histological changes. These results demonstrate that it can be successfully cured against H. pylori infection and protected from H. pylori-induced pathology with Sanguisorba officinalis extract. It could be a promising candidate herb treatment for patients with gastric complaints including gastric ulcer caused by H. pylori.
A Nonisocyanate Route to Monodisperse Branched Polyurethanes (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA Nonisocyanate Route to Monodisperse Branched PolyurethanesAndrew J. Clark, Juan Echenique, David M. Haddleton, Thomas A. Straw, and Paul C. TaylorView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, U.K. [email protected]Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66, 25, 8687–8689Publication Date (Web):November 15, 2001Publication History Received30 August 2001Published online15 November 2001Published inissue 1 December 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo016075ihttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo016075ibrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views782Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Amines,Dendrons,Inorganic carbon compounds,Organic polymers,Oxides Get e-Alerts
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Nanometer Range (1997)

The exceptionally long (4.5 nm) monodisperse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 1 contains 29 condensed five-and six-membered rings. Since the dodecyl chains make this extended, flat (tabular) molecule unusually soluble in common organic solvents, it can be readily characterized. Compound 1 can be reduced to the octaanion within a relatively small potential range, and the tetraction that forms on oxidation is stable for several seconds.
Timing driven placement (2003)

The authors address the problem of incorporating timing constraints into the physical design of integrated circuits. First they formulate the problem and discuss graph models suitable for its analysis. Next, they describe algorithms resulting in placements of improved performance in comparison to placements whose objective is to minimize the summation of wire lengths on the chip. Finally, the authors show preliminary results of their placement programs for the sea-of-gates designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Application of artificial intelligence based on machine learning (2020)

Abstract In recent years, China’s science and technology is developing rapidly, and has made a lot of achievements in the field of high-tech, which greatly promotes the improvement of China’s national economy and the improvement of people’s daily life quality. Computer information technology is one of the most important modules in the development of science and technology. The traditional computer information technology has effectively improved the efficiency of people’s production and life, and played a good bridge role in the communication between people. However, in view of the current development of electronic information technology, the traditional computer information technology has been unable to meet the growing needs of people’s computing. Artificial intelligence based on machine learning has gradually stepped into people’s vision and attracted more and more attention. In this paper, the application of artificial intelligence based on machine learning will be discussed and studied in detail from multiple perspectives, so as to better apply artificial intelligence in future life.
A Unified Computational Framework for Deconvolution to Reconstruct Multiple Fibers From Diffusion Weighted MRI (2007)

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a relatively new imaging modality which is capable of measuring the diffusion of water molecules in biological systems noninvasively. The measurements from diffusion MRI provide unique clues for extracting orientation information of brain white matter fibers and can be potentially used to infer the brain connectivity in vivo using tractography techniques. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), currently the most widely used technique, fails to extract multiple fiber orientations in regions with complex microstructure. In order to overcome this limitation of DTI, a variety of reconstruction algorithms have been introduced in the recent past. One of the key ingredients in several model-based approaches is deconvolution operation which is presented in a unified deconvolution framework in this paper. Additionally, some important computational issues in solving the deconvolution problem that are not addressed adequately in previous studies are described in detail here. Further, we investigate several deconvolution schemes towards achieving stable, sparse, and accurate solutions. Experimental results on both simulations and real data are presented. The comparisons empirically suggest that nonnegative least squares method is the technique of choice for the multifiber reconstruction problem in the presence of intravoxel orientational heterogeneity.