gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Increased voltage phenomenon in a resonance circuit of unconventional magnetic configuration (1995)

The behavior of an LCR (inductance-capacitance-resistance) circuit with a movable ferromagnetic core is discussed. The core is attracted by a magnetic field generated by an electric current resulting from the discharge of a capacitor in the closed LCR circuit. An unusual increase in recharge voltage, which was dependent on the magnetic configuration of the coil, was observed. This voltage increase does not conform to the mathematical simulation of the system. The possibility that a positive electromotive force was involved in this effect is discussed.
High antigen dose and activated dendritic cells enable Th cells to escape regulatory T cell‐mediated suppression <i>in vitro</i> (2003)

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for peripheral tolerance and prevention of autoimmunity. In vitro coculture studies have revealed that increased costimulation breaks Treg-mediated suppression in response to anti-CD3 or antigen. However, it was unclear whether loss of suppression arose from inactivation of Tregs or whether increased stimulation caused Th cells to escape suppression. We have investigated conditions that allow or override Treg-mediated suppression using DO11.10 TCR-transgenic T cells and chicken ovalbumin peptide 323-339-pulsed antigen-presenting cells. Treg suppression of Th proliferation is broken with potent stimulation, using activated spleen cells and high antigen dose, but is intact at low antigen dose. Costimulation with CD80 and CD86 expressed on activated dendritic cells was essential for Th cell escape from suppression at a high antigen dose. Potently stimulated Tregs were functional since they reduced levels of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-4 and Th CD25 expression in cocultures. Furthermore, Tregs responding to high antigen dose and activated splenocytes retained the ability to suppress proliferation, but only of Th cells responding to a sub-optimal dose of independent antigen. Together, our results demonstrate that under conditions of strong antigen-specific stimulation, Tregs remain functional, but Th cells escape Treg-mediated suppression.
Electron scattering and collimation system for a 12-MeV linear accelerator (1976)

The original scattering and collimation system for the Siemens Mevatron XII linear accelerator used a lead scattering foil and box-type plastic collimators. This arrangement achieves excellent field flatness by repeated electron scattering. The electrons reaching the patient are widely distributed in energy and direction. This has detrimental effects on the depth-dose curves: slower falloff and increased surface dose. We have developed an alternative system for this accelerator, designed to minimize electron scatter and improve the safety of patient setup. Primary-electron scatter occurs in the bending-magnet exit window. Field uniformity is accomplished with a flattener of thin aluminum discs of different diameters, piled concentrically. An adjustable electron collimator 25 cm from the patient limits beam size, and a final electron collimator, either a cutout from lead sheet or a custom-made collimator of Lipowitz's metal, in contact with the patient, define the area to be treated. This design results in lower surface dose, sharper dose falloff, bremsstrahlung contamination less than or equal to 1%, and a field flatness expressed by a homogeneity index greater than 0.8 for large fields. Since there is no mechanical connection between the machine and the final collimator, the safety aspects of the system are considerably improved.
Discovery Of A Cosmological, Relativistic Outburst Via Its Rapidly Fading Optical Emission (2016)

We report the discovery by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) of the transient source PTF11agg, which is distinguished by three primary characteristics: (1) bright (R-peak = 18.3mag), rapidly fading (Delta R = 4mag in Delta t = 2 days) optical transient emission; (2) a faint (R = 26.2 +/- 0.2mag), blue (g' - R = 0.17 +/- 0.29 mag) quiescent optical counterpart; and (3) an associated year-long, scintillating radio transient. We argue that these observed properties are inconsistent with any known class of Galactic transients (flare stars, X-ray binaries, dwarf novae), and instead suggest a cosmological origin. The detection of incoherent radio emission at such distances implies a large emitting region, from which we infer the presence of relativistic ejecta. The observed properties are all consistent with the population of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), marking the first time such an outburst has been discovered in the distant universe independent of a high-energy trigger. We searched for possible high-energy counterparts to PTF11agg, but found no evidence for associated prompt emission. We therefore consider three possible scenarios to account for a GRB-like afterglow without a high-energy counterpart: an "untriggered" GRB (lack of satellite coverage), an "orphan" afterglow (viewing-angle effects), and a "dirty fireball" (suppressed high-energy emission). The observed optical and radio light curves appear inconsistent with even the most basic predictions for off-axis afterglow models. The simplest explanation, then, is that PTF11agg is a normal, on-axis long-duration GRB for which the associated high-energy emission was simply missed. However, we have calculated the likelihood of such a serendipitous discovery by PTF and find that it is quite small (approximate to 2.6%). While not definitive, we nonetheless speculate that PTF11agg may represent a new, more common (>4 times the on-axis GRB rate at 90% confidence) class of relativistic outbursts lacking associated high-energy emission. If so, such sources will be uncovered in large numbers by future wide-field optical and radio transient surveys.
Heterocyclic Derivatives of<i>all‐trans</i>Retinoic Acid:<i>in vitro</i>Effects on Fibroblast/Keratinocyte Growth and Differentiation, and<i>in vivo</i>Effects on Guinea‐Pig Skin (1999)

We investigated the biological effects of five all-trans retinoic acid derivatives, bearing heterocyclic ring systems in the side chain. Growth assays performed on submerged human fibroblast and keratinocyte cultures revealed that (E)4-[2-(5-terbuthyl-thiophen-2-yl)propenyl]benzoic acid (compound 5) is the best compound among the studied derivatives for it exhibits a weaker antiproliferative activity and induces, like all-trans retinoic acid does, a significant increase in fibroblast and keratinocyte growth. The morphological and morphometrical analyses of submerged human fibroblast cultures and human epidermis reconstructed in vitro showed that the compound 5 behaves similarly to all-trans retinoic acid: it induces a decrease in all the cell parameters of submerged fibroblast cultures, and modulates the differentiation of keratinocytes in in vitro reconstructed epidermis. Compound 5 induces thickening of epidermis in vivo, one of the most remarkable pharmacological effects of retinoids on skin, but compared to all-trans retinoic acid, it induces a weaker irritation on guinea-pig skin in terms of both erythema and scaling. Compound 5 could then represent a promising candidate for the treatment of certain dermatological diseases.
Programa de continuidad de cuidados del Servicio de Psiquiatría de Santiago. (2013)

The psychiatric reform movements and the deinstitutionalization of people with severe mental disorders have highlighted the importance of continuity of care for their assistance. In the context of closure of beds in the Hospital Psiquiatrico de Conxo, the continuity of care program for treatment of outpatients with severe mental disorder (SMD) has been driven. This paper reviews the theoretical and normative principles that support the program, paying special attention to the modality of community support chosen: the assertive community treatment. The antecedents of the program are discussed and implemented procedures are described in detail.
Phenol-Modified IndeneCoumarone Resins (1938)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhenol-Modified IndeneCoumarone ResinsJoseph Rivkin and W. E. SheehanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1938, 30, 11, 1228–1232Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1938Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1938https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50347a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50347a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Treatment of Cushing's Syndrome with Trilostane (WIN 24,540), an Inhibitor of Adrenal Steroid Biosynthesis* (1978)

Seven patients with Cushing's syndrome were treated with trilostane (WIN 24,540) 4 alpha,5-epoxy-17 beta-hydroxy-3-oxo-5 alpha-androstane-2 alpha-carbonitrile), an inhibitor of adrenal steroid biosynthesis. Trilostane treatment reduced steroid biosynthesis and it also improved biochemical manifestations of the disease in all of the patients treated. The average cortisol secretory rate decreased significantly with treatment, from 47.1 to 23.4 mg/24 h (P less than 0.005), and urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids decreased from 15.7 to 8.7 mg/24 h (P less than 0.01). Urinary free cortisol excretion decreased from 277 to 88 microgram/24 h (P less than 0.01), and 0800 h plasma cortisol levels declined from 25.0 to 12.0 microgram/dl (P less than 0.05). Conversely, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate excretion in urine increased from 1.3 to 5.8 mg/24 h (P less than 0.0025) and in plasma increased from 162 mg/24 h (P less than 0.025). Plasma and urinary free dehydroepiandrosterone increased 2-fold. Urinary 17-ketosteroid excretion increased from 18 to 43 mg/24 h (P less than 0.001). A significant reduction in urinary excretion of tetrahydroaldosterone, tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, and 18-hydroxytetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone was observed with treatment. Inhibition of steroid biosynthesis was accompanied by a 2-fold increase in PRA and no change in serum cholesterol levels. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased with treatment from 109 to 97 mm Hg (P less than 0.005), and fasting blood sugar decreased from 117 to 98 mg/dl (P less than 0.005), accompanied by rise in plasma potassium levels from 3.8 to 4.3 milliequivalents/liter (P less than 0.025). Two patients on long term therapy also showed an improvement in clinical features of their disease. There were no significant treatment-related carcinoma, simultaneously producing both an excessive amount of cortisol and ACTH, is described. It is concluded that trilostane is an effective inhibitor of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme system in human adrenal gland; it inhibits biosynthesis of cortisol and it is useful in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome.
Phase equilibria in rodlike systems with flexible side chains (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase equilibria in rodlike systems with flexible side chainsM. BallauffCite this: Macromolecules 1986, 19, 5, 1366–1374Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00159a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00159a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Kv1.3 potassium channels are localized in the immunological synapse formed between cytotoxic and target cells (2004)

Membrane proteins of cytotoxic T cells specifically reorganize to form an immunological synapse (IS) on interaction with their specific target. In this paper, we investigated the redistribution of Kv1.3 channels, which are the dominant voltage-gated potassium channels, in the plasma membrane of allogen-activated human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) on interacting with their specific target cells. Kv1.3 channels bearing a FLAG epitope were expressed in the CTLs and the cell-surface distribution of fluorescently labeled ion channels was determined from confocal laser-scanning microscopy images. FLAG epitope-tagged Kv1.3 channels showed a patchy distribution in CTLs not engaged with target cells, whereas the channels were accumulated in the IS formed between CTLs and specific target lymphocytes. Localization of Kv1.3 channels in the IS might open an unrevealed possibility in the regulation of ion channel activity by signaling molecules accumulated in the IS.
High Lysine Mutant Gene (<i>hl</i> that Improves Protein Quality and Biological Value of Grain Sorghum<sup>1</sup> (1973)

Seeds from over 9,000 lines in the world sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] collection were classified for endosperm phenotype to identify floury endosperm lines and evaluate each for potential increases in lysine concentration. Sixty‐two floury endosperm lines were selected and analyzed for protein and lysine composition. Two floury lines of Ethiopian origin, IS 11167 and IS 11758, were exceptionally high in lysine at relatively high levels of protein. The average whole grain lysine concentration of high lysine lines IS 11167 and IS 11758 was 3.34 and 3.13 (g/100g protein) at 15.7 and 17.2% protein, respectively. Both lines were also high in percent oil. Carbohydrate analyses of whole grain samples of the two high lysine lines were similar to that of normal sorghum grain except for a twofold increase in sucrose concentration. The high lysine gene altered the amino acid pattern in hl hl hl endosperm tissue relative to normal endosperm checks. The major changes were increased lysine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, and tryptophan concentrations and decreased amounts of glutamic acid, proline, alanine, and leucine in the hl hl hl endosperm. Inheritance studies suggest that the increased lysine concentration of each line is controlled by a single recessive gene, although it is not known whether the genes from both lines are allelic. The high lysine gene(s) present in IS 11167 and IS 11758 from Ethiopia is (are) herein designated as hl . The endosperm of kernels homozygous for the hl gene is partially dented. The biological value of the high lysine lines was much higher than that of average sorghum lines. In a 28‐day isonitrogenous feeding experiment the weight gain of weanling rats was three times higher on an IS 11758 ration and twice as high on an IS 11167 ration as weight gains on rations prepared from normal sorghum lines. When fed rations without any dilution except the usual 2% vitamin and 4% mineral supplementation, rats gained 94 g on high lysine sorghum (IS 11758) and 28.5 g on our current best nutritional quality sorghum line (IS 2319), versus 91.5 g on opaque‐2 corn ( Zea mays L.) and 30.2 g on normal corn in a 28‐day feeding trial. Feed efficiency ratios for this trial were 3.0 for high lysine sorghum, 6.8 for IS 2319, 3.4 for opaque‐2 corn, and 7.4 for normal corn.
Oxides grown on textured single-crystal silicon-dependence on process and application of EEPROMs (1990)

The electrical properties of oxides grown on textured single-crystal silicon (TSC oxides) are dependent on the process used to roughen or texture the single-crystal silicon surface. The effects of different processing steps on the I-V, C-V, charge trapping, interface trap generation, and breakdown characteristics of TSC oxides are examined. By choosing a particular set of processing steps, a TSC oxide can exhibit enhanced conduction and very good charge trapping and breakdown characteristics, which make it an interesting dielectric for EEPROM applications. Floating-gate EEPROMs fabricated using this TSC oxide demonstrate the feasibility of this new technology. Programming, cycling, and retention characteristics of this EEPROM are presented. In particular, the retention data of the TSC EEPROM show an improvement over those of EEPROMs using oxides grown on untextured single-crystal silicon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spectral analysis of strongly enhanced visible light transmission through single C-shaped nanoapertures (2004)

We designed, fabricated, and characterized single C-shaped apertures in an Au film, resonant in the visible regime. Our C-shaped apertures showed transmission enhancement of 13–22 times over a square aperture of the same area and suggest as high as 106 enhancement over square apertures that are designed to produce the same near-field spot size. Spectra from individual apertures demonstrate the ability to tune this resonance over 70nm by scaling the dimensions of the apertures. This shows the C aperture to be a versatile tool for gaining high-resolution, enhanced transmission through single subwavelength apertures at optical wavelengths.
WIRELESS SENSOR SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT OF VIOLIN BOWING PARAMETERS (2003)

We present a new system to measure the position and force parameters most relevant to violin bowing technique. It is stable and reliable, and as it allows players to perform without impediment and consists of minimal equipment, it is also suitable for use in professional performance settings. This measurement system, implemented on a carbon fiber bow, relies on an electromagnetic field sensing technique for detecting both transverse bow position and bow-bridge distance and foil strain gauges for downward force measurement. The position data is collected using an antenna that is located behind the bridge and mounted from the tailpiece of an acoustic violin. The strain gauges are permanently mounted around the midpoint of the bow stick, and the force data is collected and sent to a remote computer via a wireless transmitter mounted at the frog. The resultant bow remains wireless, and the placement of the sensors and electronics ensures a balance point that remains within the normal range for traditional bows. We describe several experiments illustrating the usefulness of this system for continued studies of bowing parameters, as well as inspection of musical performance style and pedagogical applications.
Effect of Lipids in Milk Replacers on Calf Performance and Lipids in Blood Plasma, Liver, and Perirenal Fat (1986)

Various fats (20% of dry matter) were fed in milk replacer to calves, from 3 to 31 d of age, to compare their effect on calf performance, feed efficiency, and lipids in blood plasma, liver, and perirenal fat. Dietary fats tested were tallow (control), canola oil, canola soapstocks, corn oil, reclaimed restaurant cooking fat, and a high phospholipid waste product. Corn oil plus tallow (1:1) diet promoted scours and poor calf gains, but canola oil diet, despite a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, gave excellent calf performance and feed utilization and no scours. Canola soapstocks plus tallow (1:1) and restaurant waste cooking fat lowered gains by 25 and 15% and reduced diet intake. Calves effectively utilized high phospholipid (23%) in dietary lipids. Main lipid classes in blood plasma were cholesterol esters and phosphatidylcholine, and in liver phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Fatty acid composition of the major blood plasma and liver lipids, and of perirenal fat, tended to reflect dietary fatty acid concentrations.
Applied Topological Analysis of Crystal Structures with the Program Package ToposPro (2014)

Basic concepts of computer topological analysis of crystal structures realized in the current version of the program package ToposPro are considered. Applications of the ToposPro methods to various classes of chemical compounds—coordination polymers, molecular crystals, supramolecular ensembles, inorganic ionic compounds, intermetallics, fast-ion conductors, microporous materials—are illustrated by many examples. It is shown that chemically and crystallographically different structures can be automatically treated in a similar way with the ToposPro approaches.
The <i>yiaE</i> Gene, Located at 80.1 Minutes on the <i>Escherichia coli</i> Chromosome, Encodes a 2-Ketoaldonate Reductase (1998)

An open reading frame located in the bisC-cspA intergenic region, or at 80.1 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome, encodes a hypothetical 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase, which was identified as a result of the E. coli Genome Sequencing Project. We report here that the product of the gene (yiaE) is a 2-ketoaldonate reductase (2KR). The gene was cloned and expressed with a C-terminal His tag in E. coli, and the protein was purified by metal-chelate affinity chromatography. The determination of the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein defined the translational start site of this gene. The enzyme was found to be a 2KR catalyzing the reduction of 2, 5-diketo-D-gluconate to 5-keto-D-gluconate, 2-keto-D-gluconate (2KDG) to D-gluconate, 2-keto-L-gulonate to L-idonate. The reductase was optimally active at pH 7.5, with NADPH as a preferred electron donor. The deduced amino acid sequence showed 69.4% identity with that of 2KR from Erwinia herbicola. Disruption of this gene on the chromosome resulted in the loss of 2KR activity in E. coli. E. coli W3110 was found to grow on 2KDG, whereas the mutant deficient in 2KR activity was unable to grow on 2KDG as the carbon source, suggesting that 2KR is responsible for the catabolism of 2KDG in E. coli and the diminishment of produced 2KDG from D-gluconate in the cultivation of E. coli harboring a cloned gluconate dehydrogenase gene.
CheD:  Chemical Database Compilation Tool, Internet Server, and Client for SQL Servers (2000)

An efficient program, which runs on a personal computer, for the storage, retrieval, and processing of chemical information, is presented, The program can work both as a stand-alone application or in conjunction with a specifically written Web server application or with some standard SQL servers, e.g., Oracle, Interbase, and MS SQL. New types of data fields are introduced, e.g., arrays for spectral information storage, HTML and database links, and user-defined functions. CheD has an open architecture; thus, custom data types, controls, and services may be added. A WWW server application for chemical data retrieval features an easy and user-friendly installation on Windows NT or 95 platforms.