gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-time video watermarking on programmable graphics hardware (2006)

In this paper, we propose a real-time video watermarking system on programmable graphics hardware. Real-time video watermarking is important to the use of digital video in legal proceedings, security surveillance, new reportage and commercial video transactions. The watermarking scheme implemented here is based on Wong's scheme for image watermarking, and is designed to detect and localize any change in the pixels of any frame of the incoming video stream. We implement this scheme for real-time operation on programmable graphics hardware. The graphics processing units (GPUs) found on many modern commodity-level graphics cards have the ability to execute application-defined sequences of instructions on not only geometric primitives, defined by vertices, but also on image or texture fragments mapped to rasterized geometric primitives. These fragment programs, also known as fragment or pixel shaders, execute in hardware and in parallel on the GPU for each fragment, or pixel, that is rendered, making the GPU well suited for image and video processing. We illustrate real-time performance, low perceptibility, and good bit-error rates and localization by way of a general testing framework that allows straightforward testing of any video watermarking system implemented on programmable graphics hardware.
CALCULATION METHOD OF VISIBILITY FACTORS IN THE PICTURE PROJECTED BY A OVERHEAD PROJECTOR (1997)

To realize a suitable visual environment in the room in which much information is transmitted using an overhead projector, it is important to identify the conditions of three visual factors (size, background luminance and luminance contrast) of a projected picture under a given situation. The effects of the condition of an original picture, a projector and operation on the characteristics of the projected picture are examined through an experiment in an actual situation. According to results of the experiment, some variables of a projector performance useful for deriving the size of a projected picture and the illuminance on the screen are specified. The calculation formulae to estimate three visual factors of a projected picture are presented. These formulae are composed of instrumental performance variables and the conditions of original picture, lighting and operation.
Capturing the relationships between local foods and residents: A case in the Noto region, Japan (2016)

Background: Under the influence of global trends, most regions are at risk of losing their local-food knowledge. In this context, analyzing the transmission of the knowledge, understanding the context of transmission, and implementing precise activities and policies are required. Noto is known for its unique ethnic fermented food products. Methods: Through our questionnaire survey and analysis of the Noto peninsula, we explore the relationships between the attributes of local food producers and the variety of foods they produce, attempting to identify the key attributes related to making diverse local foods and the transmission of local food knowledge. Results: Our analysis showed a correlation between the diversity of local foods made by residents and the number of years they had lived in the municipality. Conclusion: The results implied that adequate management of social networks by local residents, who depend on the local environment, is required in transmitting the knowledge of local foods.
A Low-Cost GPS Receiver for Land Navigation (1982)

This paper describes an experimental single channel GPS sequential receiver based on L1/C/A code for land navigation. The salient features of the receiver hardware designs and operations, as well as the navigation algorithms are summarized and reported. Some of the design problems which were encountered and the subsequent actions taken to resolve them are discussed. An HP 9825 desktop computer was used to perform the necessary navigation computations. In order to ensure good immunity to loss of lock in the presence of interference and under a dynamic environment, a Z-80 microprocessor was used to perform the receiver control functions and some digital signal processings. With the aid of an HP 9872 plotter, position fixes were marked on USGS 7.5 minute and 40 minute maps. Under static conditions, we were able to achieve 20 meters of accuracy in longitude and 8 meters of accuracy in latitude. Receiver test results in places like downtown San Francisco and the San Francisco International Airport are also reported in this paper. Based on our test results, we feel that we have proven the feasibility of land navigation with a low-cost GPS receiver. Finally, other possible civil applications of this receiver and the emerging new technologies for a low-cost GPS receiver will also be discussed.
Effects of chemical reagents on the allergenicity of house dust. (1992)

Con A-Sepharose bound and unbound house dust allergens were treated with various protein modifying reagents in order to ascertain the amino acid residues responsible for their allergenicity. Modification of carboxy group and arginine residue of bound fraction led to 90 and 85% loss of allergenicity whereas carboxy group, lysine and tryptophan modified unbound allergen reduced greater than or equal to 85% of activity. Allergenicity of both fractions was highly affected by pronase. On periodate treatment the bound fraction lost its allergenicity more compared to unbound one. Chemical regents had no remarkable effect on the activity of unbound fraction.
Plasmid DNA Vaccines: Tissue Distribution and Effects of DNA Sequence, Adjuvants and Delivery Method on Integration into Host DNA (2000)

A variety of factors could affect the frequency of integration of plasmid DNA vaccines into host cellular DNA, including DNA sequences within the plasmid, the expressed gene product (antigen), the formulation, delivery method, route of administration, and the type of cells exposed to the plasmid. In this report, we examined the tissue distribution and potential integration of plasmid DNA vaccines following intramuscular administration in mice and guinea pigs. We compared needle versus Biojector (needleless jet) delivery, examined the effect of aluminum phosphate adjuvants, compared the results of different plasmid DNA vaccines, and tested a gene (the human papilloma virus E7 gene) whose protein product is known to increase integration frequency in vitro. Six weeks following intramuscular injection, the vast majority of the plasmid was detected in the muscle and skin near the injection site; lower levels of plasmid were also detected in the draining lymph nodes. At early time points (1–7 days) after injection, a low level of systemic exposure could be detected. Occasionally, plasmid was detected in gonads, but it dissipated rapidly and was extrachromosomal – indicating a low risk of germline transmission. Aluminum phosphate adjuvant had no effect on the tissue distribution and did not result in a detectable increase in integration frequency. Biojector delivery, compared with needle injection, greatly increased the uptake of plasmid (particularly in skin at the injection site), but did not result in a detectable increase in integration frequency. Finally, injection of a plasmid DNA vaccine containing the human papilloma virus type 16 E7 gene, known to increase integration in vitro, did not result in detectable integration in mice. These results suggest that the risk of integration following intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA is low under a variety of experimental conditions.
Sparse 2-D arrays for 3-D phased array imaging - design methods (2002)

One of the most promising techniques for limiting complexity for real-time 3-D ultrasound systems is to use sparse 2-D layouts. For a given number of channels, optimization of performance is desirable to ensure high quality volume images. To find optimal layouts, several approaches have been followed with varying success. The most promising designs proposed are Vernier arrays, but also these suffer from high peaks in the sidelobe region compared with a dense array. In this work, we propose new methods based on the principles of suppression of grating lobes to form symmetric and non-symmetric regular sparse periodic and radially periodic designs. The proposed methods extend the concept of sparse periodic layouts by exploiting either an increased number of symmetry axes or radial symmetry. We also introduce two new strategies to form designs with non-overlapping elements. The performance of the new layouts range from the performance of Vernier arrays to almost that of dense arrays. Our designs have simplicity in construction, flexibility in the number of active elements, and the possibility of trade off sidelobe peaks against sidelobe energy.
On the Dual Effect of Mg Doping in LiCoO<sub>2</sub> and Li<sub>1+</sub><sub>δ</sub>CoO<sub>2</sub>:  Structural, Electronic Properties, and <sup>7</sup>Li MAS NMR Studies (2002)

HT-Lix0Co1-yMgyO2 (where x0 is the Li/(Co + Mg) ratio; x0 = 0.98, 1.0, 1.10; y = 0.0, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.10) materials were synthesized via a solid-state reaction. These samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, 7Li MAS NMR spectroscopy, and electrical properties measurements. The XRD study showed that pure phases are obtained for 0.0 ≤ y < 0.10 and x0 ≥ 1.0. 7Li MAS NMR spectra of the Mg-doped phases exhibit two types of new signals at 55 ppm and 325, 7, −9, and − 27 ppm in addition to the signal at 0 ppm resulting from the presence of diamagnetic CoIII ions. On the basis of our general knowledge of Li NMR in layered oxides with electron spins, we suggest that Mg doping in LiCoO2 always leads to the simultaneous presence of CoIV ions (sharing an itinerant electron hole with neighboring CoIII ions) and, to a smaller extent, of intermediate spin Co3+(IS) ions trapped in a square-based pyramidal environment because of an oxygen vacancy. This feature is further enhanced by lithium overstoichiometry.
Creation and comparison of MS/MS spectral libraries using quadrupole ion trap and triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometers (2004)

Searchable libraries of MS/MS spectra, obtained using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) with data-dependent scan mode switching on both quadrupole ion trap and triple-quadrupole mass spectrometers in conjunction with electrospray ionization, are presented. The effects on library search scores of changing the parameters for producing collision-induced dissociation (CID) on both instrument types are systematically evaluated. These observations serve as a basis for determining a universal set of conditions for building MS/MS libraries. A group of 19 closely related steroids was used. The ability to obtain library-searchable spectra at low concentrations is demonstrated for the analysis of a sample of progesterone spiked with hydroxyprogesterone impurities at 0.1 and 0.01%.
A DNA Virus of Drosophila (2011)

Little is known about the viruses infecting most species. Even in groups as well-studied as Drosophila, only a handful of viruses have been well-characterized. A viral metagenomic approach was used to explore viral diversity in 83 wild-caught Drosophila innubila, a mushroom feeding member of the quinaria group. A single fly that was injected with, and died from, Drosophila C Virus (DCV) was added to the sample as a control. Two-thirds of reads in the infected sample had DCV as the best BLAST hit, suggesting that the protocol developed is highly sensitive. In addition to the DCV hits, several sequences had Oryctes rhinoceros Nudivirus, a double-stranded DNA virus, as a best BLAST hit. The virus associated with these sequences was termed Drosophila innubila Nudivirus (DiNV). PCR screens of natural populations showed that DiNV was both common and widespread taxonomically and geographically. Electron microscopy confirms the presence of virions in fly fecal material similar in structure to other described Nudiviruses. In 2 species, D. innubila and D. falleni, the virus is associated with a severe (∼80-90%) loss of fecundity and significantly decreased lifespan.
Multi-coefficient extrapolated density functional theory for thermochemistry and thermochemical kinetics (2004)

We have developed a new kind of multi-coefficient correlation method (MCCM) by empirically mixing correlated wave function methods and density functional methods. The new methods constitute a generalization of hybrid density functional theory and may be called multi-coefficient extrapolated density functional theory. Results by the new methods are compared to those obtained by G3SX, G3SX(MP3), CBS-Q and MCCM/3 for calculations of atomization energies, barrier heights, ionization potentials and electron affinities. These results show that the multi-coefficient extrapolated density functional theory is more accurate for thermochemistry and thermochemical kinetics than the pure wave function methods of comparable cost. As a byproduct of this work we optimized a new hybrid meta density functional theory called TPSS1KCIS, which has excellent performance for thermochemistry.
Accuracy of Cervical/Vaginal Cytology in the Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis (1998)

Our findings support the validity of the vaginal Pap smear in diagnosing BV and suggest the screening of such a disease.
Smooth Muscle α-Actin Deficiency in Myofibroblasts Leads to Enhanced Renal Tissue Fibrosis (2006)

Myofibroblasts are a major source of proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix in progressive tissue fibrosis leading to chronic organ failure. Myofibroblasts are characterized by de novo expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin (SMalphaA), which correlates with the extent of disease progression, although their exact role is unknown. In vitro cultured myofibroblasts from kidney of SMalphaA knock-out mice demonstrate significantly more prominent cell motility, proliferation, and type-I procollagen expression than those of wild-type myofibroblasts. These pro-fibrotic properties are suppressed by adenovirus-mediated SMalphaA re-expression, accompanied by down-regulation of focal adhesion proteins. In interstitial fibrosis model, tissue fibrosis area, proliferating interstitial cell number, and type-I procollagen expression are enhanced under SMalphaA deficiency. In mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis model, cell proliferation in the mesangial area is also enhanced in SMalphaA knock-out mice. Adenoviral SMalphaA introduction into renal interstitium obviously ameliorates tissue fibrosis in interstitial fibrosis model. These results indicate that SMalphaA suppresses the pro-fibrotic properties of myofibroblasts, highlighting the significance of smooth muscle-related proteins in moderating chronic organ fibrosis under pathological conditions.
Data Cleaning for Classification Using Misclassification Analysis (2010)

In most classification problems, sometimes in order to achieve better results, data cleaning is used as a preprocessing technique. The purpose of data cleaning is to remove noise, inconsistent data and errors in the training data. This should enable the use of a better and representative data set to develop a reliable classification model. In most classification models, unclean data could sometime affect the classification accuracies of a model. In this paper, we investigate the use of misclassification analysis for data cleaning. In order to demonstrate our concept, we have used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as the core computational intelligence technique. We use four benchmark data sets obtained from the University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository to investigate the results from our proposed data cleaning technique. The experimental data sets used in our experiment are binary classification problems, which are German credit data, BUPA liver disorders, Johns Hopkins Ionosphere and Pima Indians Diabetes. The results show that the proposed cleaning technique could be a good alternative to provide some confidence when constructing a classification model.
Image Recognition of Disease-Carrying Insects: A System for Combating Infectious Diseases Using Image Classification Techniques and Citizen Science (2018)

We propose a system that assists infectious disease experts in the rapid identification of potential outbreaks resulting from arboviruses (mosquito, ticks, and other arthropod-borne viruses). The proposed system currently identifies mosquito larvae in images received from citizen scientists. Mosquito-borne viruses, such as the recent outbreak of Zika virus, can have devastating consequences in affected communities. We describe the first implemented prototype of our system, which includes modules for image collection, training of image classifiers, specimen recognition, and expert validation and analytics. The results of the recognition of specimens in images provided by citizen scientists can be used to generate visualizations of geographical regions of interest where the threat of an arbovirus may be imminent. Our system uses state-of-the-art image classification algorithms and a combination of mobile and desktop applications to ensure that crucial information is shared appropriately and accordingly among its users.
Platelet P2Y12 Is Involved in Murine Pulmonary Metastasis (2013)

The involvement of platelets in tumor progression is well recognized. The depletion of circulating platelets or pharmacologic inhibitors of platelet activation decreases the metastatic potential of circulating tumor cells in metastasis mouse models. The platelet ADP receptor P2Y12 amplifies the initial hemostatic responses activated by a variety of platelet agonists and stabilizes platelet aggregation, playing a crucial role in granule secretion, integrin activation and thrombus formation. However, the relationship between P2Y12 and tumor progression is not clear. In our study, the Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) spontaneous metastatic mouse model was used to evaluate the role of P2Y12 in metastasis. The results demonstrated that P2Y12 deficiency significantly reduced pulmonary metastasis. Further studies indicated that P2Y12 deficiency diminished the ability of LLC cells to induce platelet shape change and release of active TGFβ1 by a non-contact dependent mechanism resulting in a diminished, platelet-induced EMT-like transformation of the LLC cells, and that transformation probably is a prerequisite of LLC cell metastasis. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated an obvious P2Y12 deficiency related attenuation of recruitment of VEGFR1+ bone marrow derived cell clusters, and extracellular matrix fibronectin deposition in lungs, which presumably are required for pre-metastatic niche formation. In contrast to the LLC cells, non-epithelial melanoma B16 cells induced platelet aggregation in a cell number and P2Y12-dependent manner. Also, a platelet induced EMT-like transformation of B16 cells is dependent on P2Y12. In agreement with the LLC cell model, platelet P2Y12 deficiency also results in significantly less lung metastasis in the B16 melanoma experimental metastasis model. These results demonstrate that P2Y12 is a safe drug target for anti-thrombotic therapy, and that P2Y12 may serve as a new target for inhibition of tumor metastasis.
High c-erbB-3 protein expression is associated with shorter survival in advanced non-small cell lung carcinomas. (1997)

c-erbB-3 is a new member of the Type I growth factor receptor family that includes epidermal growth-factor receptor (also called c-erbB-1) and HER-2/neu (also called c-erbB-2). Frequency and significance of c-erbB-3 overexpression in lung cancers have not been reported previously. A series of 549 cases of primary lung carcinomas were immunostained with a monoclonal anti-human c-erbB-3 antibody (Clone RTJ.1) using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded archival tissue. Sharp membranous staining or punctate cytoplasmic staining was interpreted as positive and scored 0 (< 5% of tumor cells), 1 (5-9%), 2 (10-49%), or 3 (> or = 50%). Medical records were reviewed for clinical data, including stage and survival. Actuarial cumulative survival analysis with the Mantel-Cox test was performed on 443 cases that had a single primary site in the lung of pure non-small cell carcinoma (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma) and that also had follow-up data for more than 3 months. In all stages, squamous cell carcinoma showed the greatest rate of high c-erbB-3 positivity (score, 3) (34/119; 28.6%), followed by adenocarcinoma (41/256; 15.9%) and large cell carcinoma (7/66; 10.6%). Patients with high c-erbB-3 expression (score, 3) survived for significantly shorter times than did patients with low c-erbB-3-expression (score, 0-2) in Stages III and IV (P = 0.002), but not in Stage I or II non-small cell lung carcinomas. In conclusion, high c-erbB-3 expression in advanced non-small cell lung carcinomas might be an adverse prognostic factor. This finding suggests that c-erbB-3 might be a potential target for molecular therapy in advanced non-small cell lung carcinomas.
Accumulation of γ‐globin mRNA in human erythroid cells treated with angelicin (2003)

The aim of the present study was to determine whether angelicin is able to increase the expression of gamma-globin genes in human erythroid cells. Angelicin is structurally related to psoralens, a well-known chemical class of photosensitizers used for their antiproliferative activity in treatment of different skin diseases (i.e., psoriasis and vitiligo). To verify the activity of angelicin, we employed two experimental cell systems, the human leukemic K562 cell line and the two-phase liquid culture of human erythroid progenitors isolated from normal donors. The results of our investigation suggest that angelicin, compared with cytosine arabinoside, mithramycin and cisplatin, is a powerful inducer of erythroid differentiation and gamma-globin mRNA accumulation of human leukemia K562 cells. In addition, when normal human erythroid precursors were cultured in the presence of angelicin, increases of gamma-globin mRNA accumulation and fetal hemoglobin (HbF) production, even higher than those obtained using hydroxyurea, were detected. These results could have practical relevance, as pharmacologically-mediated regulation of the expression of human gamma-globin genes, leading to HbF induction, is considered a potential therapeutic approach in hematological disorders, including beta-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia.
Plasma Insulin Responses to Oral and Intravenous Glucose: Studies in Normal and Diabetic Subjects* (1967)

The plasma insulin responses of normal weight and obese, diabetic, and nondiabetic subjects to intravenous glucose was only 30-40% of that seen after oral glucose, indicating that alimentary mechanism(s) in addition to the arterial blood sugar concentration regulate insulin secretion. Observations made in subjects with diverted portal circulation indicate that the alimentary insulinogenic mechanism is located in the intestinal tract. The insulinogenic potency of the alimentary and glycemic stimuli expressed in terms of insulin secretion per gram of glucose were remarkably similar within each group of individuals. Between these groups, however, there were considerable differences. Obesity, with or without associated diabetes, was associated with a true hypersecretory responsiveness, whereas diabetes was characterized, with or without obesity, by a marked impairment in insulin secretion. The experimental design used in these studies permitted quantitation of the magnitude of the glycemic component of an oral glucose load. As a consequence of impaired insulin secretion, a greater than normal proportion of the oral glucose load escapes initial hepatic extraction in the maturity-onset diabetic and enters the peripheral circulation. Therefore, in the noninsulin-requiring maturity-onset diabetic, the glycemic insulinogenic stimulus for a given oral glucose load is significantly greater than in normal subjects and accounts for the excessive plasma insulin responses observed late in the course of an oral glucose tolerance test.