gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A rapid assay for peroxidase activity (1966)

1. Peroxidase has been assayed by a chronometric method involving the coupled reaction of ascorbic acid with the product of the enzymic action on benzidine. 2. Measurements of the activities of horseradish and tea peroxidase by this and two other methods, involving respectively pyrogallol and o-dianisidine, are compared. 3. It is claimed that the chronometric method is relatively simple, rapid and accurate. 4. The method can be used in the presence of polyphenol oxidases.
Characterization of Angiogenic Potential of Late Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Human Cord Blood and Bone Marrow (2008)

Abstract Background: The identification of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) has revolutionized approaches to cell-based therapy for injured and ischemic tissues. Recently, we have demonstrated that there are 2 distinct types of EPCs from UCB having different biologic properties for angiogenic capabilities in vitro and in vivo. In present study, the aim is to directly compare umbilical cord blood (UCB)- and BM-derived late EPC surface phenotypes and in vitro functional capacity. Methods: Mononuclear cells from UCB and BM cultured using EGM-2 medium with VEGF, IGF-1 and FGF for 21 days. Late outgrowing endothelail cells(late OECs) which were in peak growth at third weeks of culture were analyzed for expression of various surface markers by flow cytometry/RT-PCR/IF, tube formation in Matrigel plates, proliferation assay, endothelial colony assay and the role of SDF-1/VEGF on migration. Results: The adherent cells after culture of 7 days exhibited a fibroblast like shape in BM and a cobblestone shaped cells in UCB. Although two sources of OECs were comparable in expression of endothelial and various adhesion molecule markers, BM-derived OECs contained higher proportion of cells expressing smooth muscle cell markers(SMMHC), several adhesion molecule(CD49d, CD62L and VCAM-1), whereas the expression of CXCR-4, PECAM-1 and CD62E and expression of mRNA on endothelial marker genes were higher in UCB-derived OECs. UCB-OECS stained positive for uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein and had more migratory ability in the presence of SDF-1 and VEGF compared with BM-OECs. Both sources OECs effectively formed capillary tubes in Matrigel plates. Conclusion: We directly compared OECs derived from UCB and BM and two source of OECs differ in aspect of several adhesion molecule and angiogenic potential in vitro. These difference of UCB render it potentially advantageous for human therapeutic OECs applications for potential applications for a “cell therapy” in the situations on vascular injuries when compared with patients-derived BM.
GPR40: A therapeutic target for mediating insulin secretion (2012)

G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40), known as free fatty acid receptor 1, is mainly expressed in pancreatic β-cells and activated by medium- and long-chain fatty acids. Increasing evidence indicates that the activation of GPR40 in cells causes insulin secretion, and GPR40 has become an attractive therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Recently, certain novel GPR40 agonists have been identified that regulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, leading to the development of new drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this review, we focus on progress in the physiological role of GPR40 and potential drugs targeting GPR40 over the past decade.
Relative Abilities of Fluorine and Chlorine to Stabilize Carbenium Ions:  Crystal Structures of Two Fluoro-Substituted Carbocations and of As<sub>2</sub>F<sub>11</sub><sup>-</sup> (1999)

The first crystal structures of fluoro-substituted carbocations and of the As2F11- anion are reported. The experimental geometries of the carbenium ions in [(CH3)2CF]+AsF6-, [(m-CF3C6H4)(C6H5)CF]+AsF6-, and [(m-CF3C6H4)(C6H5)CF]+As2F11- and their comparison with that of the [(o-ClC6H4)(C6H5)CCl]+ cation show that, in accord with previous theoretical calculations, chlorine stabilizes carbenium ions more efficiently than fluorine. The 13C and 19F NMR spectra of the [(m-CF3C6H4)(C6H5)CF]+ cation were recorded and analyzed with the help of RHF/6-31G(d,p) calculations using the GIAO method. In each of the three fluoro-substituted carbocation crystal structures studied, the carbenium centers are further stabilized by forming two fluorine bridges with the anions, resulting in distorted trigonal bipyramidal environments around the carbenium centers. The [F5As−F−AsF5]- anion in [(m-CF3C6H4)(C6H5)CF]+As2F11- possesses a symmetric fluorine bridge with an As−F−As angle of 156.5(13)° and staggered AsF4 groups.
Transfer of the Facultatively Anaerobic Organism Bacteroides corrodens Eiken to a New Genus, Eikenella (1972)

It is proposed that the facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative organism described by Eiken (1958) and named by him Bacteroides corrodens be transferred to a new genus, which the authors name Eikenella. Organisms of this kind form a fairly homogeneous group and differ in important respects from the generally accepted Bacteroides species and from the members of the currently recognized genera of the family Brucellaceae, wherein the genus Eikenella is placed. An up-dated description of the type species, E. corrodens (Eiken) comb, n. (basionym: B. corrodens Eiken 1958), is given. The type strain of this species, previously designated by Henriksen, is Henriksen’s strain 333/54-55 (ATCC 23834; NCTC 10596), one of the strains originally studied by Eiken.
A Killing Disease Epidemic among Displaced Sudanese Population Identified as Visceral Leishmaniasis (1991)

A fatal disease epidemic affected the Bentiu area in southern Sudan and led to a mass migration of the Nuer tribe searching for treatment. The initially available information revealed a high mortality rate due to a possible occurrence of tuberculosis, malaria, enteric fever or visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Serological screening of 53 of the most severely affected patients in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or an improved direct agglutination test (DAT) revealed positivity for VL. In 39 of those patients, diagnosis was confirmed by identification of Leishmania donovani amastigotes in lymph node or bone-marrow aspirates. In a total of 2714 patients observed, 1195 (44.0%) had clinical symptoms suggesting VL: DAT positive titers (1:3200-greater than or equal to 1:12800) were obtained in 654 (24.1%), of whom 325 were confirmed parasitologically. Forty-two VL cases died before or during treatment, giving a mortality rate of 6.4%. Among the intercurrent infections diagnosed in the VL population (654), respiratory involvements (31.7%) and malaria (10.7%) were most prevalent. With the exception of four (0.6%), all other VL patients (509) responded readily to sodium stibogluconate. The factors initiating the outbreak are discussed. Malnutrition and nomadic movements to potential VL endemic areas appeared to be the most important. HIV infection as a possible predisposition seemed remote considering the clinical and epidemiological similarity to VL occurring in East Africa, adequate humoral response in DAT, and immediate positive response to specific anti-Leishmania chemotherapy.
A Posture Control Model and Balance Test for the Prediction of Relative Postural Stability (1987)

A balance testing methodology has been developed based on a posture control model which defines relative stability by the degree to which a transient postural perturbation causes the center-of-pressure on the feet to approach the limits of the base-of-support. To minimize anticipatory adaptations and to ensure subject safety, the balance test uses a small-amplitude continuous random or pseudo-random perturbation. The data are used to identify an input-output model, which is then used to predict large-amplitude transient response. Sixtyfour normal subjects were tested, as well as five patients with vestibular lesions and five elderly subjects with a history of falling. Tests were performed with eyes open (EO) and blindfolded (BF), and the EO/BF ratio was calculated. The results showed highly significant differences between young (20-40) and elderly (61-79) normals, but no differences between males and females. In using the balance test to identify the balance-impaired individuals, the BF and EO/BF data provided higher success rates than the EO data. Depending on the modeling method used, the balance test was able to identify up to three of five vestibular patients and five of five elderly fallers, at a false positive rate of 25 percent in the normal subjects.
Conceptual grouping in word co-occurrence networks (1999)

Information Retrieval queries often result in a large number of documents found to be relevant. These documents are usually sorted by rele-vance, not by an analysis of what the user meant. If the document collection contains many docu-ments on one of those meanings, it is hard to find other documents. We present a technique called conceptual grouping that automatically distinguishes be-tween different meanings of a user query, given a document collection. By analysing a word co-occurrence network of a text database, we are able to form groups of words related to the query, grouped by semantic coherence. These
Multiple incorporation of non‐natural amino acids into a single protein using tRNAs with non‐standard structures (2005)

The ability to introduce non-natural amino acids into proteins opens up new vistas for the study of protein structure and function. This approach requires suppressor tRNAs that deliver the non-natural amino acid to a ribosome associated with an mRNA containing an expanded codon. The suppressor tRNAs must be absolutely protected from aminoacylation by any of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the protein synthesizing system, or a natural amino acid will be incorporated instead of the non-natural amino acid. Here, we found that some tRNAs with non-standard structures could work as efficient four-base suppressors fulfilling the above orthogonal conditions. Using these tRNAs, we successfully demonstrated incorporation of three different non-natural amino acids into a single protein.
THE SHINPADS SERIAL DATA BUS (1979)

ABSTRACT The Shipboard Integrated Processing And Display System (SHINPADS) Serial Data Bus is a high speed digital interconnect system designed to provide a real time data bus communication facility for Naval Electronic Systems. The Serial Data Bus (SDB) can be used to interconnect devices currently using Military Standard MIL‐STD‐1397 Input/Output Interfaces and it has been designed to suit the needs of Naval Combat Systems. The SHINPADS Serial Data Bus was specified with an eye to the future. A large growth margin was designed into the system, while minimizing costs, by properly distributing functions between software, firmware, and hardware. The Serial Data Bus protocol enables future evolution to Fiber Optic Transmission without impacting system software. The Serial Data Bus provides the potential for accomplishing many of the features attributed to Distributed Processing Systems. However, the accomplishment of Distributed Processing improvements can only occur through proper and enlightened system design.
Post-Polymerization Functionalization Approach for Highly Water-Soluble Well-Defined Regioregular Head-to-Tail Glycopolythiophenes (2007)

Two bromide-bearing regioregular head-to-tail polythiophenes (polymers 1 and 3) were prepared by using Grignard metathesis method to polymerize 2,5-dibromo-3-bromohexylthiophene (2) and 2,5-dibromo-3-(11-bromo-3,6,9-trioxa-1-undecoxy)thiophene (7), respectively. Well-defined regioregular head-to-tail glycopolythiophenes were prepared through post-polymerization functionalization approach by treating the bromide-bearing polythiophenes with 1-thiolethyl-α-d-mannose tetraacetate (3a) or 1-thiol-β-d-glucose tetraacetrate (3b) in THF solution with a basic condition, respectively, and followed by sequential deacetylation under Zemplén conditions in methanol and methylene chloride containing sodium methoxide at room temperature. Glycopolythiophenes (polymers C and D) with hydrophilic tetra(ethylene glycol) as tethered spacers between the polymer backbone and carbohydrate residues are highly water-soluble while glycopolythiophenes (polymers A and B) with hydrophobic hexyl tethered spacers are completely insoluble in water. All polythiophenes display low fluorescence with fluorescent quantum yield ranging from 0.4% to 3%. However, water-soluble polymers C and D in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) show a little higher fluorescent intensity than their precursor polymer 3 in chloroform solution. α-Mannose-bearing glycopolythiophene (polymer C) exhibits specific binding to Concanavalin A through multivalent interactions with a binding constant of 2.15 × 105.
Symphony (1996)

In this paper we present an integrated simulation paradigm in which parallel mixed-mode co-simulation is accomplished by integrating sequential simulators in a software simulation backplane. Distributed conservative eventdriven scheduling is used in combination with an efficient deadlock-free mechanism for handling synchronous feedback circuits. Simulation concurrency can be further increased by utilizing circuit pipeline. The resulting parallel simulation backplane is capable of concurrently simulating systems at circuit, switch, gate, RTL and behavioral levels. We implemented this parallel mixed-mode simulator on both the iPSC/860 message-passing machine and the DASH shared-memory multiprocessor. Experimental results are presented.
Fundamental Optical Absorption in Sn<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and Sn<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Se</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1966)

Optical absorption in single-crystal $n$-type Sn${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ and Sn${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ has been studied at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K throughout the wavelength range 0.26 to 6.5 \ensuremath{\mu}. Samples suitable for optical measurements were prepared by various vapor-deposition techniques. The electrical characteristics of the samples used in the absorption measurements were as follows: for Sn${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$, conductivity 3.6 ${(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m})}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, electron concentration ${10}^{18}$ per ${\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$, mobility 27 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$/V sec; and for Sn${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$, conductivity ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}7}$ ${(\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m})}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. From transmittance and reflectance measurements, the absorption coefficient and index of refraction were determined for light polarized perpendicular to the crystallographic symmetry axis. From an analysis of the data in the high-absorption region, direct-transition band gaps of 1.62 and 2.88 eV were found for Sn${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ and Sn${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$, respectively. A threshold for possible indirect phonon-assisted transitions was found to occur at 0.97 eV for Sn${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ and at 2.07 eV for Sn${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$. Photo-conductivity data for Sn${\mathrm{S}}_{2}$ are also presented.
Developmental engineering the kidney: Leveraging principles of morphogenesis for renal regeneration (2012)

Multiple methodological approaches are currently under active development for application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine of tubular and solid organs. Most recently, developmental engineering (TE/RM), or the leveraging of embryonic and morphological paradigms to recapitulate aspects of organ development, has been proposed as a strategy for the sequential, iterative de novo assembly of tissues and organs as discrete developmental modules ex vivo, prior to implantation in vivo. In this article, we focus on the kidney to highlight in detail how principles of developmental biology are impacting approaches to TE of this complex solid organ. Ultimately, such methodologies may facilitate the establishment of clinically relevant therapeutic strategies for regeneration of renal structure and function, greatly impacting treatment regimens for chronic kidney disease.
The Stereochemistry of Dye-Metal Complexes (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of Dye-Metal ComplexesM. Idelson and Ivi R. KaradyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 1, 186–187Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00953a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Four-wave interaction phenomena contributing to holographic scattering in LiNbO&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt;and LiTaO&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt; (1987)

Experimental results are presented which indicate the importance of four-wave interactions for holographic scattering. In contrast to three-wave interactions there are no changes in the polarization of the scattered beams. But similar to three-wave interactions the rays are scattered in a cone emerging in the forward and backward directions from the sample. The cone angle is equal to the angle of reflection at the rear side of the sample. Reflected rays are necessary to initiate the scattering process. We present an explanation for the geometry of the pattern produced by the incident, reflected, and scattered beams. Furthermore, experimental results on the angular and time dependence of the scattered radiation are given for LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> :Fe and LiTaO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> :Fe crystals, demonstrating the predominance of four-wave interaction processes.
An analysis of the DCT coefficient distribution with the H.264 video coder (2004)

By extensive analysis with several video sequences, we observed that the statistical distribution of the DCT coefficients in typical video coding applications is closer to a Cauchy distribution than to a Laplacian distribution. We developed the rate and the distortion expressions as a function of the video coder quantization parameter based on this observation. Experiments with an H.264 codec demonstrate that the Cauchy distribution based expressions provide better estimates for the actual rate and distortion than those that are based on the Laplacian distribution.
Nuclear charge dispersion of light-mass fission products in the fission of <sup>235</sup>U and <sup>238</sup>U by medium-energy protons (1970)

Independent fission yields for 90 Y m , 90 Y m+g , 91 Y m , 91 Y m+g , and 92 Y and cumulative yields for 91 Sr, 92 Sr, and 93 Y in the fission of 235 U and 238 U by protons of energy from 20–85 MeV have been determined. Excitation functions and charge dispersion curves have been obtained. The most probable charge, Z p , moves closer to stability, Z A , with increasing energy. The values of Z A − Z p for the two fissioning systems are identical, unlike the situation in the heavy-mass region. The values of Z A − Z p for the light- and heavy-mass regions differ considerably, showing that the equal charge displacement hypothesis does not hold even at these moderate energies.
Indium-Mediated Asymmetric Barbier-Type Allylation of Aldimines in Alcoholic Solvents:  Synthesis of Optically Active Homoallylic Amines (2005)

[reaction: see text] Chiral aldimines derived from phenylglycinol were diastereoselectively allylated with indium powder/allyl bromide in alcoholic solvents. Both aliphatic and aromatic aldimines provided good yield of the desired products with high diastereoselectivity. A racemization-free protocol for removal of the phenylglycinol auxiliary was also developed. The stereochemical assignment of the homoallylic amine was made by NMR spectroscopy and a transition state model was proposed to explain the selectivity.
Fluorescence signal transduction mechanism for immunoassay based on zinc ion release from ZnS nanocrystals (2011)

In this work, a fluorescence signal transduction mechanism based on cation release from ZnS nanocrystals was developed for sandwich immunoassay. In this mechanism, ZnS nanocrystals as labels in immunoassay are dissolved by acid to release zinc ions. After pH adjustment of the dissolving solution using a basic solution, zinc-ion sensitive fluorescence indicator Fluozin-3 is added to bind with the released zinc ions for sensitive fluorescence measurement. Using mouse IgG as a model analyte, the immunoassay adopting this signal transduction mechanism demonstrates a low detection limit around 1 pM and a detection range with two orders of magnitude (1 pM to 0.5 nM).
William Lane, the Ramble Novel and the Genres of Romantic Irish Fiction (2020)

Romantic Textualities: Literature and Print Culture, 1780–1840 is an open-access journal committed to foregrounding innovative Romantic-studies research into bibliography, book history, intertextuality and textual studies.We publish material in a number of formats: peer-reviewed articles, reports on individual/collaborative research projects, bibliographical checklists and biographical profiles of overlooked Romantic writers. Romantic Textualities also carries book reviews and a regularly updated blog and Twitter feed. The journal was relaunched in 2017.
Fabrication of plastic microchips by hot embossing (2002)

Plastic microchips with microchannels (100 microm wide, 40 microm deep) of varying designs have been fabricated in polymethylmethacrylate by a hot embossing process using an electroform tool produced starting with silicon chip masters. Hot-embossed chips were capped with a polymethylmethacrylate top using a proprietary solvent bonding process. Holes were drilled through the top of the chip to allow access to the channels. The chips were tested with fluid and shown to fill easily. The seal between the top of the chip and the hot embossed base was effective, and there was no leakage from the channels when fluid was pumped through the microchannels. The chips were also tested with a semen sample and the plastic chip performed identically to the previous silicon-glass and glass versions of the chip. This microfabrication technique offers a viable and potentially high-volume low cost production method for fabricating transparent microchips for analytical applications.
The cow in the swimming pool (1977)

Viewers rarely saw Chris Bligh side on. He claimed his nose spoilt his profile. Brown was his colour - his hair, soft lips, made-up complexion, the studied informality of his casual gear, his imported leather shoes and chocolate-smooth voice. Always spruce, he made others around him feel dandruffy.
901. The preparation of glutazine and some of its derivatives (1962)

H. N. Rydon and K. Undheim, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 4676 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620004676