gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel Multiscale Autoregressive Density Estimation (2017)

PixelCNN achieves state-of-the-art results in density estimation for natural images. Although training is fast, inference is costly, requiring one network evaluation per pixel; O(N) for N pixels. This can be sped up by caching activations, but still involves generating each pixel sequentially. In this work, we propose a parallelized PixelCNN that allows more efficient inference by modeling certain pixel groups as conditionally independent. Our new PixelCNN model achieves competitive density estimation and orders of magnitude speedup - O(log N) sampling instead of O(N) - enabling the practical generation of 512x512 images. We evaluate the model on class-conditional image generation, text-to-image synthesis, and action-conditional video generation, showing that our model achieves the best results among non-pixel-autoregressive density models that allow efficient sampling.
An Embedded System-on-Chip Architecture for Real-time Visual Detection and Matching (2013)

Detecting and matching image features is a fundamental task in video analytics and computer vision systems. It establishes the correspondences between two images taken at different time instants or from different viewpoints. However, its large computational complexity has been a challenge to most embedded systems. This paper proposes a new FPGA-based embedded system architecture for feature detection and matching. It consists of scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) feature detection, as well as binary robust independent elementary features (BRIEF) feature description and matching. It is able to establish accurate correspondences between consecutive frames for 720-p (1280x720) video. It optimizes the FPGA architecture for the SIFT feature detection to reduce the utilization of FPGA resources. Moreover, it implements the BRIEF feature description and matching on FPGA. Due to these contributions, the proposed system achieves feature detection and matching at 60 frame/s for 720-p video. Its processing speed can meet and even exceed the demand of most real-life real-time video analytics applications. Extensive experiments have demonstrated its efficiency and effectiveness.
ELECTRON-BEAM PUMPED LASERS OF CdSe AND CdS (1966)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation C. E. Hurwitz; ELECTRON‐BEAM PUMPED LASERS OF CdSe AND CdS. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1 March 1966; 8 (5): 121–124. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1754516 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Kraft lignin : a potential fuel for lime kilns (1990)

Des calculs sur ordinateur montrent que la lignine peut etre utilisee comme combustible de remplacement dans les fours a chaux de papeterie, sans effet serieux sur le bilan thermique du four. Si la teneur en humidite de la lignine augmente de 0 a 50%, la quantite de combustible fossile remplace par un poids constant de lignine diminue de seulement 6 a 7%.
Dynamical system design from a control perspective: finite frequency positive-realness approach (2003)

Nonminimum phase zeros are well known to limit the best achievable control performance when the control gain is allowed to be arbitrarily high. On the other hand, the phase crossover appears to be a limiting factor for performance when high-gain controllers are not allowed. In particular, the positive-realness in a finite frequency range seems crucial for achieving good performance in the presence of control constraints. This paper will first give multiple reasons to support this conjecture, and then develop a systematic method for designing mechanical systems to achieve the finite frequency positive-real (FFPR) property. Specifically, we present a state-space characterization of the FFPR property by generalizing the well known Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov lemma to deal with a class of frequency domain inequalities that are required to hold within a finite frequency interval. The result is further extended for uncertain systems to give a sufficient condition for satisfaction of a robust FFPR property. The (nominal) FFPR result is interpreted in the time-domain in terms of input/output signals. Finally, we show that certain sensor/actuator placement problems to achieve the FFPR property can be reduced to finite dimensional convex problems involving linear matrix inequalities. The method is applied to the shape design of a swing-arm for magnetic storage devices with the objective of maximizing the control bandwidth achievable with a limited actuator power.
Advanced Technology for Reducing Aircraft Engine Pollution (1974)

The proposed EPA regulations covering emissions of gas turbine engines will require extensive combustor development. The NASA is working to develop technology to meet these goals through a wide variety of combustor research programs conducted in-house, by contract, and by university grant. In-house efforts using the swirl-can modular combustor have demonstrated sizable reduction in NOx emission levels. Testing to reduce idle pollutants has included the modification of duplex fuel nozzles to air-assisted nozzles and an exploration of the potential improvements possible with combustors using fuel staging and variable geometry. The Experimental Clean Combustor Program, a large contracted effort, is devoted to the testing and development of combustor concepts designed to achieve a large reduction in the levels of all emissions. This effort is planned to be conducted in three phases with the final phase to be an engine demonstration of the best reduced emission concepts.
National president's message (2015)

Well, here we are nearly at the end of the year! It is rather frightening how quickly the time goes by. With this in mind, perhaps it is timely for me to talk about the subject of time!
<b>Alkylation of Phenol with a Homoallylic Halide</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkylation of Phenol with a Homoallylic HalideHarold. Hart, James L. Corbin, Charles R. Wagner, and Ching-Yong. WuCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 20, 3269–3273Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00903a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00903a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) facilitates vesicle trafficking in striated muscle to contribute to cell membrane repair (2009)

Repair of the plasma membrane following damage is an important aspect of normal cellular physiology, and disruption of this process is observed in many pathologic states. In a recent series of publications, we resolved that Mitsugumin 53 (MG53) is a novel, muscle-specific member of the tripartite motif/RING B-box Coiled Coil (TRIM/RBCC) family of proteins (TRIM72) that contributes to vesicle trafficking in the course of normal cellular physiology. MG53 can bind phosphatidylserine (PS) with some specificity, and interacts with caveolin-3 (Cav-3) as part of its function in vesicle trafficking. As part of the response to membrane damage in muscle cells, MG53 acts in an oxidation-dependent manner to facilitate vesicle translocation to the sites of membrane injury where these vesicles are involved in patching the membrane. Here we discuss these findings and examine the implications of this work in the field of membrane repair. Further discussion is provided about potential therapeutic applications for MG53.
Role of methionine in the facilitated cleavage of aromatic ethers by methanesulphonic acid (1976)

Aromatic ethers, such as anisole or phenetole, were cleaved smoothly with methanesulphonic acid in the presence of methionine, which acted as an alkyl acceptor to form methionine S-methyl (or ethyl)sulphonium salt.
Multiple access interference suppression with linear chip equalizers in WCDMA downlink receivers (2003)

The 3rd generation cellular communications standard will be based on wideband CDMA (WCDMA). To obtain adequate performance multiuser receivers, such as LMMSE receivers, can be used. Unfortunately, previously suggested LMMSE receivers cannot be applied in WCDMA systems employing long scrambling codes. In this paper, linear receivers suitable also for downlink with long scrambling codes are studied. These receivers equalize the channel prior to the despreading, thus restoring the orthogonality of users and suppressing multiple access interference (MAI). The numerical results show that chip equalizer based receivers can offer significant performance improvement in comparison to the conventional RAKE receiver.
Preparing Chito-Oligosaccharides as Antimicrobial Agents for Cotton (1999)

Cotton fabric with good antimicrobial activity and durability to washing is obtained by using chito-oligosaccharides without the need for a binding chemical as a crosslinker. The fully deacetylated chitosan is depolymerized into chito-oligosaccharide using sodium nitrite. The average degree of polymerization (DP) of chito-oligosaccharide is determined by color imetric titration of a terminal aldehyde group of chito-oligosaccharide. In a pad-dry-cure process, two different chito-oligosaccharides (DP = 3 and 10) are applied to cotton fabric using the chemical reactivity of the terminal aldehyde group. The antimicrobial activity and durability to washing of the treated cotton are evaluated. The results show that at the fiftieth wash cycle, the cotton fabrics treated with 2.4% chito-oligosaccharide are able to maintain 95% (for a DP of 3) and 100% (for a DP of 10) bacterial reductions.
The RHOA G17V gene mutation occurs frequently in peripheral T-cell lymphoma and is associated with a characteristic molecular signature (2014)

To the editor:

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a group with poor outcome and nonspecific therapeutic regimens. Recently, Palomero et al[1][1] and Sakata-Yanagimoto et al[2][2] identified a recurrent heterozygous mutation in the RHOA small GTPase gene encoding a p.Gly17Val alteration (G17V)
Human and <i>Drosophila</i> Homeodomain Proteins That Enhance the DNA-Binding Activity of Serum Response Factor (1992)

Cells with distinct developmental histories can respond differentially to identical signals, suggesting that signals are interpreted in a fashion that reflects a cell's identity. How this might occur is suggested by the observation that proteins of the homeodomain family, including a newly identified human protein, enhance the DNA-binding activity of serum response factor, a protein required for the induction of genes by growth and differentiation factors. Interaction with proteins of the serum response factor family may allow homeodomain proteins to specify the transcriptional response to inductive signals. Moreover, because the ability to enhance the binding of serum response factor to DNA residues within the homeodomain but is independent of homeodomain DNA-binding activity, this additional activity of the homeodomain may account for some of specificity of action of homeodomain proteins in development.
Endoribonuclease IV A Poly(A)-Specific Ribonuclease from Chick Oviduct. 1. Purification of the Enzyme (1976)

A new endoribonuclease, termed endoribonuclease IV, has been described. This enzyme has been isolated from chick oviducts and purified 15 000-fold in a 25% yield nearly to homogeneity. The nuclease, which specifically degrades poly(A), forms oligonucleotides of an average chain length of 10. These (A)-10 fragments are terminated by 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. The enzyme has a pH optimum at 8.7, requires Mn2+ or Mg2+ as a cofactor, and has a molecular weight of about 45 000.
The calculation of Binaural Parameters by means of HRTFs and Ando’s method (2004)

The calculation of binaural parameters from numerical codes represents a very important goal during the design of Concert Halls and Opera Houses. Furthermore, they become strongly important whenever the calculated IRs are employed for auralization. In this paper two different new methods, developed in Italy and Japan, which start from Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) and Ando’s method respectively, were defined, analysed, and compared. Even though the theory and also the purposes were different in the two approaches, the calculation of binaural parameters was related. Then the two codes were utilized in a real case, in which the changes in the shape and in acoustical properties of the walls were applied. The comparison between the two approaches underlined some important advantages of both methods. The results from the calculation were finally discussed and presented.
Complete Insecurity of Quantum Protocols for Classical Two-Party Computation (2012)

A fundamental task in modern cryptography is the joint computation of a function which has two inputs, one from Alice and one from Bob, such that neither of the two can learn more about the other's input than what is implied by the value of the function. In this Letter, we show that any quantum protocol for the computation of a classical deterministic function that outputs the result to both parties (two-sided computation) and that is secure against a cheating Bob can be completely broken by a cheating Alice. Whereas it is known that quantum protocols for this task cannot be completely secure, our result implies that security for one party implies complete insecurity for the other. Our findings stand in stark contrast to recent protocols for weak coin tossing and highlight the limits of cryptography within quantum mechanics. We remark that our conclusions remain valid, even if security is only required to be approximate and if the function that is computed for Bob is different from that of Alice.
Caffeoylquinic acid derivatives rich extract from Gnaphalium pensylvanicum willd. Ameliorates hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis in animal model (2017)

The extract of G. pensylvanicum showed significant effect on evaluated models and therefore may be active agents for the treatment of hyperuricemia and acute gouty arthritis.
Clinical Utility of Biochemical Markers of Bone Remodeling (1999)

Remodeling is essential for bone health. It begins with resorption of old bone by osteoclasts, followed by the formation of new bone by osteoblasts. Remodeling is coupled (formation is linked to resorption). After middle age or perhaps beginning earlier, bone loss occurs because resorption exceeds formation. This imbalance is accentuated by estrogen deficiency as well as by many diseases and conditions. Biochemical markers that reflect remodeling and can be measured in blood or urine include resorption markers (e.g., collagen cross-links) and formation markers (e.g., alkaline phosphatase). Bone markers exhibit substantial short-term and long-term fluctuations related to time of day, phase of the menstrual cycle, and season of the year, as well as diet, exercise, and anything else that alters bone remodeling. These biological factors, in addition to assay imprecision, produce significant intra- and interindividual variability in markers. Bone marker measurements are noninvasive, inexpensive, and can be repeated often. Unfortunately, most of the studies that provided insight on clinical situations did not focus on markers as a primary endpoint. Bone markers have been useful in clinical practice and have been helpful in understanding the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and the mechanism of action of therapies. In clinical trials, markers aid in selecting optimal dose and in understanding the time course of onset and resolution of treatment effect. Clinical questions that might be answered by bone markers include diagnosing osteoporosis, identifying "fast bone losers" and patients at high risk of fracture, selecting the best treatment for osteoporosis, and providing an early indication of the response to treatment. Additional information is needed to define specific situations and cut points to allow marker results to be used with confidence in making decisions about individual patients.
Regulation of the RSP5 Ubiquitin Ligase by an Intrinsic Ubiquitin-binding Site (2009)

Rsp5 is a homologous to E6AP C terminus (HECT) ubiquitin ligase (E3) that controls many different cellular processes in budding yeast. Although Rsp5 targets a number of different substrates for ubiquitination, the mechanisms that regulate Rsp5 activity remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Rsp5 carries a noncovalent ubiquitin-binding site in its catalytic HECT domain. The N-terminal lobe of the HECT domain mediates binding to ubiquitin, and point mutations that disrupt interactions with ubiquitin alter the ability of the Rsp5 HECT domain to assemble polyubiquitin chains in vitro. Point mutations that disrupt ubiquitin binding also result in temperature-sensitive growth defects in yeast, indicating that the Rsp5 ubiquitin-binding site is important for Rsp5 function in vivo. The Nedd4 HECT domain N-lobe also contains ubiquitin-binding activity, suggesting that interactions between the N-lobe and ubiquitin are conserved within the Nedd4 family of ubiquitin ligases. We propose that a subset of HECT E3s are regulated by a conserved ubiquitin-binding site that functions to restrict the length of polyubiquitin chains synthesized by the HECT domain.
Unique and Overlapping Expression Patterns among the Arabidopsis 1-Amino-Cyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase Gene Family Members (2004)

Abstract 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway in plants. The Arabidopsis genome encodes nine ACS polypeptides that form eight functional (ACS2, ACS4-9, and ACS11) homodimers and one nonfunctional (ACS1) homodimer. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines were constructed expressing the β-glucuronidase (GUS) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter genes from the promoter of each of the gene family members to determine their patterns of expression during plant development. All genes, except ACS9, are expressed in 5-d-old etiolated or light-grown seedlings yielding distinct patterns of GUS staining. ACS9 expression is detected later in development. Unique and overlapping expression patterns were detected for all the family members in various organs of adult plants. ACS11 is uniquely expressed in the trichomes of sepals and ACS1 in the replum. Overlapping expression was observed in hypocotyl, roots, various parts of the flower (sepals, pedicle, style, etc.) and in the stigmatic and abscission zones of the silique. Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) enhances the constitutive expression of ACS2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 11 in the root. Wounding of hypocotyl tissue inhibits the constitutive expression of ACS1 and ACS5 and induces the expression of ACS2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 11. Inducers of ethylene production such as cold, heat, anaerobiosis, and Li+ ions enhance or suppress the expression of various members of the gene family in the root of light-grown seedlings. Examination of GUS expression in transverse sections of cotyledons reveals that all ACS genes, except ACS9, are expressed in the epidermis cell layer, guard cells, and vascular tissue. Similar analysis with root tip tissue treated with IAA reveals unique and overlapping expression patterns in the various cell types of the lateral root cap, cell division, and cell expansion zones. IAA inducibility is gene-specific and cell type-dependent across the root tip zone. This limited comparative exploration of ACS gene family expression reveals constitutive spatial and temporal expression patterns of all gene family members throughout the growth period examined. The unique and overlapping gene activity pattern detected reveals a combinatorial code of spatio-temporal coexpression among the various gene family members during plant development. This raises the prospect that functional ACS heterodimers may be formed in planta.
Effects of the tat and nef gene products of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) on transcription controlled by the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and on cell growth in macrophages (1993)

The RAW264 murine macrophage cell line was used as a model to examine the role of the tat and nef gene products in the transcription regulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) in macrophages. Contrary to claims that the activity of the HIV-1 LTR responds poorly in rodent cells to trans activation by the viral tat gene product, cotransfection of RAW264 cells with a tat expression plasmid in transient transfection assays caused a > 20-fold increase in reporter gene expression that was inhibited by mutations in the TAR region. RAW264 cells stably transfected with the tat plasmid displayed similarly elevated HIV-1 LTR-driven reporter gene activity. By contrast to previous reports indicating a negative role for nef in HIV transcription, cotransfection of RAW264 cells with a nef expression plasmid trans activated the HIV-1 LTR driving either a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase or a luciferase reporter gene. The action of nef was specific to the LTR, as expression of nef had no effect on the activity of the simian virus 40, c-fms, urokinase plasminogen activator, or type 5 acid phosphatase promoter. trans-activating activity was also manifested by a frameshift mutant expressing only the first 35 amino acids of the protein. The effects of nef were multiplicative with those of tat gene product and occurred even in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which itself activated LTR-directed transcription. Examination of the effects of selected mutations in the LTR revealed that neither the kappa B sites in the direct repeat enhancer nor the TAR region was required as a cis-acting element in nef action. The action of nef was not species restricted; it was able to trans activate in the human monocyte-like cell line Mono Mac 6. The presence of a nef expression cassette in a neomycin phosphotransferase gene expression plasmid greatly reduced the number of G418-resistant colonies generated in stable transfection of RAW264 cells, and many of the colonies that were formed exhibited very slow growth. The frameshift mutant was also active in reducing colony generation. Given the absence of any effect of the frameshift mutation on nef function, its actions on macrophage growth and HIV transcription are discussed in terms of the role of the N-terminal 30 amino acids and of stable secondary structures in the mRNA.