gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum<font>IgG</font>,<font>IgA</font>,<font>IgM</font>, and<font>IgE</font>Levels after Electroacupuncture and Diet Therapy in Obese Women (2007)

We investigated the effect of acupuncture therapy on obese women's body weight and peripheral blood levels of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin E (IgE). Sixty-three healthy women were assigned into 3 groups: placebo electroacupuncture (n = 13; mean age, 40.5 +/- 4.2 years; body mass index [BMI], 33.5 +/- 4.2), diet restriction (n = 23; mean age, 42.9 +/- 4.0 years; BMI, 34.6 +/- 2.9), and electroacupuncture (n = 24; mean age, 40.1 +/- 5.9 years; BMI, 33.9 +/- 2.7). Electroacupuncture was applied to the Hunger and Shen Men ear points and to the LI 4, LI 11, St 36, St 44, and Ren 6 body points for 30 min once daily for 20 days. A restricted diet of 1400 kilocalories was given to participants in all 3 groups for 20 days. Weight was lost significantly in subjects in the electroacupuncture group compared to those in the diet restriction and placebo electroacupuncture groups (p < 0.000, Tukey test). Modulations in serum IgG (p < 0.001) were apparent in women treated with electroacupuncture compared with women treated with placebo electroacupuncture and restricted diet only. No significant changes were seen in serum IgA, IgM, and IgE levels among the 3 groups. Our results suggest that electroacupuncture can be effectively used to treat obesity. We also observed a modulating effect of serum IgG, which is associated with weight loss, in patients in the electroacupuncture group.
ChemInform Abstract: Interfacial Charge Transfer Processes in Colloidal Semiconductor Systems (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Gene silencing in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> by transitive RNA interference (2003)

When a cell is exposed to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), mRNA from the homologous gene is selectively degraded by a process called RNA interference (RNAi). Here, we provide evidence that dsRNA is amplified in Caenorhabditis elegans to ensure a robust RNAi response. Our data suggest a model in which mRNA targeted by RNAi functions as a template for 5' to 3' synthesis of new dsRNA (termed transitive RNAi). Strikingly, the effect is nonautonomous: dsRNA targeted to a gene expressed in one cell type can lead to transitive RNAi-mediated silencing of a second gene expressed in a distinct cell type. These data suggest dsRNA synthesized in vivo can mediate systemic RNAi.
Hippurate hydrolysis by and triphenyltetrazolium tolerance of Campylobacter fetus (1982)

A rapid test of hippurate hydrolysis and a test of tolerance to triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) were studied in 315 strains of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni to determine their usefulness for biotyping this organism and for distinguishing it from C. fetus subsp. intestinalis. Of the 315 strains tested, 84% hydrolyzed hippurate and 97% were resistant to TTC. Ability to hydrolyze hippurate was seen in 99% of 155 human isolates, 75% of 60 avian isolates, 100% of 41 cattle and dog isolates, 84% of 31 zoo mammal isolates, and none of 28 hog isolates. Resistance to 400 micrograms of TTC per ml was seen in 97% of the human isolates, 95% of the avian isolates, and 100% of the mammalian isolates (other than human). In no case did any of the 315 isolates of C. fetus subsp. jejuni show both lack of ability to hydrolyze hippurate and sensitivity to TTC. In contrast, all 18 strains of C. fetus subsp. intestinalis failed to hydrolyze hippurate and were sensitive to TTC. These two tests may be useful to distinguish between C. fetus subsp. jejuni and subsp. intestinalis and also to biotype strains of C. fetus subsp. jejuni.
Proposal and achievement of novel structure InN∕GaN multiple quantum wells consisting of 1 ML and fractional monolayer InN wells inserted in GaN matrix (2007)

The authors propose and demonstrate the fabrication of InN∕GaN multiple quantum well (MQW) consisting of 1 ML and fractional monolayer InN well insertion in GaN matrix under In-polarity growth regime. Since the critical thickness of InN epitaxy on GaN is about 1 ML and the growth temperature for 1 ML InN insertion can be remarkably higher, the proposed MQW structure can avoid/reduce generation of misfit dislocation, resulting in higher quality MQW-structure nature in principle than former InN-based MQWs. The proposed InN∕GaN MQWs are potentially applicable to room temperature operating excitonic devices working in short-wavelength visible colors.
Half-price architecture (2003)

Current-generation microprocessors are designed to process instructions with one and two source operands at equal cost. Handling two source operands requires multiple ports for each instruction in structures--such as the register file and wakeup logic--which are often in the processor's critical timing paths. We argue that these structures are overdesigned since only a small fraction of instructions require two source operands to be processed simultaneously. In this paper, we propose the half-price architecture that judiciously removes this overdesign by restricting the processor's capability to handle two source operands in certain timing-critical cases. Two techniques are proposed and evaluated: one for the wakeup logic is sequential wakeup, which decouples half of the tag matching logic from the wakeup bus to reduce the load capacitance of the bus. The other technique for the register file is sequential register access, which halves the register read ports by sequentially accessing two values using a single port when needed. We show that a pipeline that optimizes scheduling and register access for a single operand achieves nearly the same performance as an ideal base machine that fully handles two operands, with 2.2% (worst case 4.8%) IPC degradation.
Man-Machine Interfaces in Computer Assisted Surgery (1997)

The clinical potential of computer assisted surgery (CAS) has been more and more widely acknowledged since CAS systems have been introduced into the operating room (OR) theater. Especially the improvements in safety and accuracy are remarkable and strengthen the ties between surgeons and engineers. Tumor stereotaxis was introduced to neurological surgery in the early 1980s, and currently systems with and without robotic navigation are in use for specific medical indications. Recently, solutions for computer assisted orthopedic surgery were developed and applied to various anatomical regions. However, with the establishment of CAS in vivo, a new complex of problems, which was not present in the laboratory setup, was introduced: the man-machine interface. Currently, the complexity of available CAS systems requires the presence of at least one system engineer (often called the “operator”) in the OR. As a consequence, there is no possibility for direct communication between the surgeon and the machine or software.Most of the program steps involved in CAS and choices to be made intraoperatively have to be transferred to the software by means of communication of the surgeon with the operator. Particularly, the establishment of a relation between the virtual object (i.e., a medical image) and the surgical object (i.e., the patient), often denoted as “matching” or “skeletal registration,” requires intensive interaction of the surgeon with the computer. A literature survey revealed that no CAS system in clinical use exists without a system engineer or a comparable person, and our clinical experience indicated that the matching process is a weak point in most systems. Because it appears to be contradictory to cost-reduction efforts in health care to have a highly paid specialist in the OR, this research evaluates strategies to facilitate the man-machine interface with the final goal of establishing a direct control of the system by the surgeon or the medical personnel traditionally present at surgery. Options to be investigated include 1) a CAS control panel (virtual keyboard) as an integrated component of the existing navigation system and 2) introduction of a commercial voice-recognition system. The implementation of these strategies into the existing CAS setup at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at the Inselspital (University of Bern) and clinical experience gained are reported.
Multiway Data Analysis (1989)

Mathematical Aspects of Multiway Data Arrays. (Contributors: R. Coppi, F. Critchley J.B. Kruskal A. Franc J.B. Denis, T. Dhorne G. D'Aubigny, E. Polit J.M.F. ten Berge B. Leclerc). Relationships and Comparisons between Different Techniques of Analysis. (Contributors: R. Coppi, W.J. Heiser A. Carlier, C. Lavit, M. Pages, M.O. Pernin, J.C. Turlot G. Bove, A. Di Ciaccio J.B. Kruskal, R.A. Harshman, M.E. Lundy M.E. Lundy, R.A. Harshman, J.B. Kruskal C. Hayashi A. Rizzi H.A.L. Kiers P.M. Kroonenberg P.G.M. van der Heijden, F. Meijerink Y. Schektman). Symmetric and Non-Symmetric Approaches to the Analysis of Structured Data Matrices. (Contributors: S. Bolasco, Y. Escoufier, J. Meulman J.C. Gower J. Meulman E. van der Burg, G. Dijksterhuis R. Tijssen, J. de Leeuw R. Lafosse B. Escofier, J. Pages Y. Takane L. D'Ambra, N. Lauro S. Nishisato, D.R. Lawrence H. Benali, B. Escofier R. Sabatier, J.D. Lebreton, D. Chessel R.G. Flores J.O. Ramsay G. D'Alessio V. Amato). Multidimensional Scaling and Classification Techniques. (Contributors: W.J. Heiser, N. Lauro W.J. Heiser S. Winsberg, J.D. Carroll G. De Soete, J.D. Carroll A. Bellacicco H. Ralambondrainy M. Chiodi). Model Based Approaches. (Contributors: R. Coppi, F. Critchley J.D. Carroll, G. De Soete, S. Pruzansky J. Rost F. van de Pol, R. Langeheine M. Croon M.W. Browne G. Patrizi A. Biggeri, M. Braga, A. Decarli, M.G. Valsecchi T. Wansbeek, J. Verhees).
Design and analysis of a high bandwidth disk drive servo system using an instrumented suspension (1999)

Resonance modes in the suspension of hard disk drives limit the closed-loop bandwidth. The bandwidth of the servo can be increased by active vibration control of the resonance modes. This paper considers the optimal placement of strain gauge sensors on a suspension to observe the vibration states of the suspension. Using a finite-element simulation of an actual suspension, a state-space model is identified for the two normal strains and the shear strain at each finite element. The state-space model includes the dynamics of the three primary resonance modes. A numerical search algorithm is used to determine the sensor location and orientation which maximizes the minimum singular value of the observability grammian. With the strain gauge output signal, a multirate inner loop controller is designed to be used with the existing head-positioning system. Simulations and analysis results suggest that use of an instrumented suspension is a viable candidate method for improved disk drive servo performance.
Accuracy, Reproducibility, and Interpretation of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Profiles of Model Bacterial Communities (1994)

We determined the accuracy and reproducibility of whole-community fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis with two model bacterial communities differing in composition by using the Microbial ID, Inc. (MIDI), system. The biomass, taxonomic structure, and expected MIDI-FAME profiles under a variety of environmental conditions were known for these model communities a priori. Not all members of each community could be detected in the composite profile because of lack of fatty acid "signatures" in some isolates or because of variations (approximately fivefold) in fatty acid yield across taxa. MIDI-FAME profiles of replicate subsamples of a given community were similar in terms of fatty acid yield per unit of community dry weight and relative proportions of specific fatty acids. Principal-components analysis (PCA) of MIDI-FAME profiles resulted in a clear separation of the two different communities and a clustering of replicates of each community from two separate experiments on the first PCA axis. The first PCA axis accounted for 57.1% of the variance in the data and was correlated with fatty acids that varied significantly between communities and reflected the underlying community taxonomic structure. On the basis of our data, community fatty acid profiles can be used to assess the relative similarities and differences of microbial communities that differ in taxonomic composition. However, detailed interpretation of community fatty acid profiles in terms of biomass or community taxonomic composition must be viewed with caution until our knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative distribution of fatty acids over a wide variety of taxa and the effects of growth conditions on fatty acid profiles is more extensive.
The Electroencephalographic Pattern during Electroconvulsive Therapy: V. Observations on the Origins of Phase III Delta Energy and the Mechanism of Action of ECT (1988)

The generation of the spike-wave activity of Phase III of ECT seizures is attributed to the recurrence of synchronized, prolonged periods of intense inhibitory current flow (hyperpolarization), and associated rebound spike bursts, produced by the inhibitory circuit relationships and intrinsic electrophysiological properties of thalamic neurons. An anatomical and neurophysiological model of the development of generalized, synchronous 3-Hz spike-wave seizure activity is proposed which outlines the origin, maintenance, slowing, and termination of this fundamental seizure rhythm. Phase III inhibitory current flow (delta energy) and/or spike bursts may bring about therapeutic benefit by initiating a chain of agonist-independent and agonist-dependent events which results in long-term augmentation of serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission and diminution of cholinergic neurotransmission in the forebrain. A specific anatomical and functional model of the mechanism of action of ECT is proposed, in which: (1) adrenergic and cholinergic pathways in the forebrain are assumed to be massively stimulated during ECT seizures, whereas serotonergic pathways are assumed to be inhibited during these seizures; (2) the beneficial effects of ECT are considered to be more dependent upon ECT-induced changes in 5-HT neurotransmission than upon alteration of noradrenergic function; (3) these beneficial effects involve up-regulation of 5-HT2 and down-regulation of M1- and M2-muscarinic receptor densities by both agonist-independent and agonist-dependent mechanisms, coupled with functional augmentation of noradrenergic neurotransmission; and (4) these effects may be brought about by Phase III inhibitory current flow- and/or spike burst-induced alteration of the function of second-messenger generator systems.
Trace determination of perchlorate using electromembrane extraction and capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (2011)

Electromembrane extraction (EME) and CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C(4) D) was applied to rapid and sensitive determination of perchlorate in drinking water and environmental samples. Porous polypropylene hollow fiber impregnated with 1-heptanol acted as a supported liquid membrane (SLM) and perchlorate was transported and preconcentrated in the fiber lumen on application of electric field. High selectivity of perchlorate determination and its baseline separation from major inorganic anions was achieved in CE-C(4) D using background electrolyte solution consisting of 7.5 mM L-histidine and 40 mM acetic acid at pH 4.1. The analytical method showed excellent parameters in terms of reproducibility; RSD values for migration times and peak areas at a spiked concentration of 15 μg/L of perchlorate (US EPA recommended limit for drinking water) were below 0.2 and 8.7%, respectively, in all examined water samples. Linear calibration curves were obtained for perchlorate in the concentration range 1-100 μg/L (r(2) ≥0.999) with limits of detection at 1 μg/L for tap water and at 0.25-0.35 μg/L for environmental and bottled potable water samples. Recoveries at 15 μg/L of perchlorate were between 95.9 and 106.7% with minimum and maximum recovery values for snow and bottled potable water samples, respectively.
Molecular materials IV. Buckminsterfullerene—a molecular material for the future? (1991)

Research News/Molecular Materials IV : Superconducting C 60 with the highest known T c for molecular superconductors was reported recently by workers from AT&T. Recent work on the newest form of elemental carbon is discussed from a materials point of view.
Context free wild card parsing in a text-to-speech system (1991)

In text-to-speech systems, syntactic knowledge is necessary for correct grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, and calculation of prosody. Markov models can assign the correct word classes needed for grapheme-to-phoneme conversion in most of the cases, but only a small part of the information needed for correct prosody. Conventional syntactic parsers almost never produce unique output: they either over-generate or fail to yield a syntactic analysis. Moreover, they cannot handle input that is not syntactically correct, and they are slow and expensive. Wild card parsing (WCP) can overcome these problems and provide the syntactic information needed for prosody calculations in unrestricted tests. The WCP system is implemented in a language-independent way. All language-dependent knowledge is kept strictly separated from the program. The WCP system has been integrated into a multilingual text-to-speech system where it provides syntactic information for the generation of prosodic contours for any input sentence. As a by-product of the syntactic parsing it disambiguates the word classes of the words in the sentence, thus helping grapheme-to-phoneme conversion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the complexity of optimal K-anonymity (2004)

The technique of k-anonymization has been proposed in the literature as an alternative way to release public information, while ensuring both data privacy and data integrity. We prove that two general versions of optimal k-anonymization of relations are NP-hard, including the suppression version which amounts to choosing a minimum number of entries to delete from the relation. We also present a polynomial time algorithm for optimal k-anonymity that achieves an approximation ratio independent of the size of the database, when k is constant. In particular, it is a O(k log k)-approximation where the constant in the big-O is no more than 4, However, the runtime of the algorithm is exponential in k. A slightly more clever algorithm removes this condition, but is a O(k log m)-approximation, where m is the degree of the relation. We believe this algorithm could potentially be quite fast in practice.
New Titanium Complexes Bearing Two Indolide−Imine Chelate Ligands for the Polymerization of Ethylene (2002)

New titanium complexes 5−8 with two indolide−imine chelate ligands [7-(RNCH)C8H5N]2TiCl2 (R: 5, phenyl; 6, 2,6-difluorophenyl; 7, 2,4,6-trifluorophenyl; 8, pentafluorophenyl) were synthesized and investigated as ethylene polymerization catalysts. On activation with methylalumoxane (MAO), all of the complexes were active ethylene polymerization catalysts at 25 °C to produce linear polyethylenes. The catalytic activity (TOF) increased sharply with the number of fluorine atom in the ligand. In addition, complexes 5−8 potentially exhibit the characteristics of a living ethylene polymerization. Complexes 6 and 7 promoted room temperature living ethylene polymerization to produce polyethylenes having extremely narrow molecular weight distributions (6, Mw/Mn 1.09−1.14; 7, Mw/Mn 1.05−1.23). On the other hand, at −10 °C complex 8 afforded monodisperse polyethylenes (Mw/Mn 1.12−1.25), with exceptionally high activities for a living ethylene polymerization (TOF: maximum 1155 min-1 atm-1). Using complex 7/MAO catalyst system, a polyethylene-b-poly(ethylene-co-propylene) block copolymer was successfully synthesized.
Electronic Transmission Control - From Stand Alone Components to Mechatronic Systems (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Electronic control systems for automatic transmissions have been gaming acceptance in recent years Besides the various types of sensors already in use [for speed, temperature, pressure etc], electro-hydraulic actuators and electronic control units [ECU] are also major constituents of modern control systems</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Former designs utilized discrete components which were wired together In the interim, actuator modules have been developed for use in new transmission designs</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">As well as presenting actuator concepts, this paper describes a highly integrated and advanced control module This module consists of hydraulic actuators, pilot-solenoid values and an electronic control unit which has been realized in multi-layer hybrid technology</div>
Relationship between Microstructures and Soft Magnetic Properties of Simultaneously P and Cu-Added Fe-Nb-B Ribbon Alloys (2008)

The additional effect of P and Cu on the magnetic properties of Fe-Nb-B nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys was investigated from the viewpoint of microstructures. Mean size of α-Fe grain for both Fe83.8Nb6.6B9.6 and Fe83.7Nb6.6B8.6P1Cu0.1 ribbon alloys are measured to be about 8.5 nm, and size distribution of those are measured to be 0.391 and 0.236, respectively, using an oval approximation for shape of α-Fe grains. Values of coercivity for Fe83.8Nb6.6B9.6 and Fe83.7Nb6.6B8.6P1Cu0.1 alloys calculated using a two-phase random anisotropy model are 6.73 and 4.93 A·m−1, and measured ones are 8.64 and 3.74 A·m−1, respectively. The improvement probably originates from the decrease in the distribution of the α-Fe grain size in the crystallized structure by the simultaneous addition.
Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus with anti‐programmed cell death‐1 therapy (2016)

Abstract Anti‐programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) antibodies are regarded as a risk factor for insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus as a side‐effect. While a small number of cases have been reported, evidence remains limited. This is the first report of an Asian patient developing insulin‐dependent diabetes during anti‐PD‐1 therapy. A 55‐year‐old euglycemic woman receiving nivolumab for malignant melanoma showed abrupt onset of ketonuria, and elevated levels of plasma glucose (580 mg/dL) and hemoglobin A1c (7.0%). Over the next 2 weeks, serum C‐peptide levels fell below the limit of detection. Islet autoantibodies were negative, and the patient showed a human leukocyte antigen haplotype associated with type 1 diabetes. Anti‐PD‐1 therapy can cause rapid onset of insulin‐dependent diabetes, possibly because of inappropriate activation of T cells. Human leukocyte antigen haplotypes might be related to the onset of this disease. Physicians should be aware of this serious adverse event and carry out routine blood glucose testing during anti‐PD‐1 therapy.