gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Has Aquaporin-8 Water Channels and Is Highly Permeable to Water (2005)

Mitochondria are remarkably plastic organelles constantly changing their shape to fulfil their various functional activities. Although the osmotic movement of water into and out of the mitochondrion is central for its morphology and activity, the molecular mechanisms and the pathways for water transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), the main barrier for molecules moving into and out of the organelle, are completely unknown. Here, we show the presence of a member of the aquaporin family of water channels, AQP8, and demonstrate the strikingly high water permeability (Pf) characterizing the rat liver IMM. Immunoblotting, electron microscopy, and biophysical studies show that the largest mitochondria feature the highest AQP8 expression and IMM Pf. AQP8 was also found in the mitochondria of other organs, whereas no other known aquaporins were seen. The osmotic water transport of liver IMM was partially inhibited by the aquaporin blocker Hg2+, while the related activation energy remained low, suggesting the presence of a Hg2+-insensitive facilitated pathway in addition to AQP8. It is suggested that AQP8-mediated water transport may be particularly important for rapid expansions of mitochondrial volume such as those occurring during active oxidative phosphorylation and those following apoptotic signals.
Improvement of Iron Bleaching in Clays through Potentiometric Control of Sodium Dithionite Addition (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTImprovement of Iron Bleaching in Clays through Potentiometric Control of Sodium Dithionite AdditionR. F. Conley, H. J. Golding, and M. W. TarantoCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1964, 3, 2, 183–188Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260010a015https://doi.org/10.1021/i260010a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A stable pattern of EEG spectral coherence distinguishes children with autism from neuro-typical controls - a large case control study (2012)

Classification success suggests a stable coherence loading pattern that differentiates ASD- from C-group subjects. This might constitute an EEG coherence-based phenotype of childhood autism. The predominantly reduced short-distance coherences may indicate poor local network function. The increased long-distance coherences may represent compensatory processes or reduced neural pruning. The wide average spectral range of factor loadings may suggest over-damped neural networks.
Comparative electrochemical study of new poly(oxyethylene)–Li salt complexes (1993)

The high ionic conductivity of alkali-metal salts complexed with poly(oxyethylene)(POE) has stimulated wide research on solid polymer electrolytes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), cyclic voltammetry and conductivity measurements have been used to explore the fundamental electrochemical characteristics of two new promising Li salts: Li[(CF3SO2)2N](LiTFSI) and Li[(CF3SO2)3C](LiTriTFSM). A study of the ionic conductivity of membranes containing various concentrations of lithium salts as a function of temperature reveals that, when compared with all the other salts used so far, these new compounds markedly improve the conductivities, essentially as a consequence of lower crystallinity. The voltammograms between –0.2 and 3.9 V vs. Li+/Li° show that the three anhydrous complexes POE–LiTFSI, POE–LiTriTFSM and POE–50%LiTFSI–50%LiTriTFSM have a wide electrochemical stability window.
Buried J-FET Powered Static RAM Cell (1980)

A new high density static RAM cell is designed utilizing a merged junction FET (J-FET) structure. The cell is basically composed of high resistivity-load flipflop and a buried J-FET to supply current to the cell. By eliminating the need for the Al power supply line running through each cell, a smaller-size cell is achieved, i.e. about 900 µm 2 . To demonstrate the advantages of the new cell, a 2048 word by 8 bit fully static RAM is fabricated with high-performance CMOS (Hi-CMOS) technology. The technology features 3 µm gate length and 4 µm line width. The RAM realizes a typical address access time of 55 ns., and an active power dissipation of 200 mW. The die measures about 26 mm 2 and fits into a standard 24 pin package.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Diarylethenes Having a 2,4,5-Triphenylimidazole Chromophore (2001)

Diarylethenes 1a-4a, having a fluorescent 2,4,5-triphenylimidazole chromophore in the aryl group, were synthesized. Upon excitation of the triphenylimidazole chromophore with 366 nm, 1a-4a underwent photocyclization reactions, and the solutions containing 1a-4a changed color from colorless to red-purple or to blue. The colors disappeared by irradiation with visible (lambda > 480 nm) light. The fluorescence intensity of the solutions also reversibly changed with the photochromic reactions. The fluorescence quantum yields of 1a, 2a, 3a, and 4a were determined to be 4.6, 7.7, 9.1, and 8.4%, respectively. The fluorescence quantum yields decreased with the increase in photocyclization quantum yields.
Removal of non-informative frames for wireless capsule endoscopy video segmentation (2012)

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) video segmentation plays an important part in WCE automatic diagnosis since it provides an effective method to help physicians and save time. In the automatic WCE video segmentation process, impurities frames with opaque digestive juice, food residues and excrement not only waste plentiful time, but also cause a lower accuracy of segmentation for its variation of color and pattern. The major impurities which have great affection for WCE video segmentation can be divided into two categories, gastric juice and bubbles. Thus, in this paper, a novel two-stage preprocessing approach is proposed to remove impurities frames in WCE videos. In the first stage, frames of gastric juice are eliminated by using local HS histogram features. In the second stage, a new approach is carried out to remove the bubbles frames in the WCE video, which combines Color Local Binary Patterns (CLBP) algorithm with Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier is used in both stages for its rapidity. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme is an effective approach for removing non-informative frames in WCE video and the accuracies of each stage can reach as high as 99.31% and 97.54% respectively.
Knowledge-driven distributed information systems (2002)

The issue of employing higher level programming techniques and knowledge representation facilities for designing and developing an expert-like distributed database management system interface for multiple interoperable information sources is examined. A decentralized architectural framework for distributed information systems is introduced, and it is explained how it establishes a meaningful form of communication/cooperation between disparate information sources. The author considers the architectural perspectives and design requirements for the development of a knowledge-aided loosely coupled distributed information system (DIS) whereby multiple heterogeneous DBMSs can communicate as autonomous, self-descriptive components. This DIS can process voluminous heterogeneous data by permitting access to a set of large information sources scattered across the nodes of a common communication network each having a global view of the problem solving in the network.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ARTEMIS: Neutralizing BGP Hijacking Within a Minute (2018)

Border gateway protocol (BGP) prefix hijacking is a critical threat to Internet organizations and users. Despite the availability of several defense approaches (ranging from RPKI to popular third-party services), none of them solves the problem adequately in practice. In fact, they suffer from: (i) lack of detection comprehensiveness, allowing sophisticated attackers to evade detection; (ii) limited accuracy, especially in the case of third-party detection; (iii) delayed verification and mitigation of incidents, reaching up to days; and (iv) lack of privacy and of flexibility in post-hijack counteractions, on the side of network operators. In this paper, we propose ARTEMIS, a defense approach (a) based on accurate and fast detection operated by the autonomous system itself, leveraging the pervasiveness of publicly available BGP monitoring services and their recent shift towards real-time streaming and thus (b) enabling flexible and fast mitigation of hijacking events. Compared to the previous work, our approach combines characteristics desirable to network operators, such as comprehensiveness, accuracy, speed, privacy, and flexibility. Finally, we show through real-world experiments that with the ARTEMIS approach, prefix hijacking can be neutralized within a minute.
Galactose Oxidase Models: Solution Chemistry, and Phenoxyl Radical Generation Mediated by the Copper Status (2004)

Galactose oxidase (GO) is an enzyme that catalyzes two-electron oxidations. Its active site contains a copper atom coordinated to a tyrosyl radical, the biogenesis of which requires copper and dioxygen. We have recently studied the properties of electrochemically generated mononuclear Cu(II)-phenoxyl radical systems as model compounds of GO. We present here the solution chemistry of these ligands under various copper and dioxygen statuses: N(3)O ligands first chelate Cu(II), leading, in the presence of base, to [Cu(II)(ligand)(CH(3)CN)](+) complexes (ortho-tert-butylated ligands) or [(Cu(II))(2)(ligand)(2)](2+) complexes (ortho-methoxylated ligands). Excess copper(II) then oxidizes the complex to the corresponding mononuclear Cu(II)-phenoxyl radical species. N(2)O(2) tripodal ligands, in the presence of copper(II), afford directly a copper(II)-phenoxyl radical species. Addition of more than two molar equivalents of copper(II) affords a Cu(II)-bis(phenoxyl) diradical species. The donor set of the ligand directs the reaction towards comproportionation for ligands possessing an N(3)O donor set, while disproportionation is observed for ligands possessing an N(2)O(2) donor set. These results are discussed in the light of recent results concerning the self-processing of GO. A path involving copper(II) disproportionation is proposed for oxidation of the cross-linked tyrosinate of GO, supporting the fact that both copper(I) and copper(II) activate the enzyme.
A versatile microfabricated platform for electrophoresis of double‐ and single‐stranded DNA (2003)

We demonstrate a versatile microfabricated electrophoresis platform, incorporating arrays of integrated on-chip electrodes, heaters, and temperature sensors. This design allows a range of different sieving gels to be used within the same device to perform separations involving both single- and double-stranded DNA over distances on the order of 1 cm. We use this device to compare linear and cross-linked polyacrylamide, agarose, and thermo-reversible Pluronic-F127 gels on the basis of gel casting ease, reusability, and overall separation performance using a 100 base pair double-stranded DNA ladder as a standard sample. While cross-linked polyacrylamide matrices provide consistently high-quality separations in our system over a wide range of DNA fragment sizes, Pluronic gels also offer compelling advantages in terms of the ability to remove and reload the gel. Agarose gels offer good separation performance, however, additional care must be exercised to ensure consistent gel properties as a consequence of the need for elevated gel loading temperatures. We also demonstrate the use of denaturing cross-linked polyacrylamide gels at concentrations up to 19% to separate single-stranded DNA fragments ranging in size from 18 to 400 bases in length. Primers differing by 4 bases at a read length of 30 bases can be separated with a resolution of 0.9-1.0 in under 20 min. This level of performance is sufficient to conduct a variety of genotyping assays including the rapid detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a microfabricated platform. The ability to use a single microelectrophoresis system to satisfy a wide range of separation applications offers molecular biologists an unprecedented level of flexibility in a portable and inexpensive format.
Accuracy and reproducibility of manual and semiautomated quantification of MS lesions by MRI (2003)

Both semiautomated methods were shown to have a significant advantage over manual tracing in terms of speed and precision. The accuracy of both methods was acceptable, given the high variability of the manual results.
Synthetic Juvenile Hormone: Induction of Sex Pheromone Production in <i>Ips confusus</i> (1969)

Topical application of 25, 50, or 100 micrograms of 10,11-epoxy-farnesenic acid methyl ester in peanut oil induced male Ips confusus to produce sex pheromone in the hindgut Malpighian tubule region. Twenty-four hours aftertreatment of male beetles with 100 micrograms of hormone, their hindgut Malpighian tubule extract was more attractive to female beetles in a laboratory bioassay than was extract from males producing pheromone naturally in ponderosa pine logs.
Towards the Orwellian nightmare (2006)

This paper describes the largest scale annotation project involving the Enron email corpus to date. Over 12,500 emails were classified, by humans, into the categories "Business" and "Personal", and then sub-categorised by type within these categories. The paper quantifies how well humans perform on this task (evaluated by inter-annotator agreement). It presents the problems experienced with the separation of these language types. As a final section, the paper presents preliminary results using a machine to perform this classification task.
Influence of Residual Impurities on Phase Partitiioning and Grain Growth Processes of Y‐TZP Materials (1991)

Microstructural evolution at 1450°C of two 3 mol% Y 2 O 3 ─ZrO 2 tetragonal polycrystals (Y‐TZP) containing different residual impurity amounts has been investigated by analytical and scanning electron microscopy in order to clarify the role of the amorphous intergranular phases. Phase partitioning is interpreted as a process based on dissolution/reprecipitation reactions involving mass transport via the liquid impurity phase. Grain growth is inhibited by yttria migration before the phase equilibrium is reached, then increases drastically.
Homoleptic tris-cyclometalated iridium(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes with phenylimidazole ligands for highly efficient sky-blue OLEDs (2014)

Sky-blue homoleptic iridium(<sc>iii</sc>) complexes with phenylimidazole ligands show consistent behavior that is linked to their ligand conjugation.
BLOOD PLASMA LEVELS OF PROGESTERONE AND OESTRADIOL IN THE DOG DURING THE OESTROUS CYCLE AND PREGNANCY (1975)

Plasma oestradiol and progesterone levels were studied in German Shepherd and Greyhound bitches during the normal oestrous cycle, pregnancy and at parturition. The mean oestradiol level increased from approximately 7 to 13 pg/ml during the fifth week before onset of oestrus. Oestradiol stayed at this level until pro oestrus which was characterized by a steady increase to a mean peak level of about 30 pg/ml 5-6 days before oestrus. At the start of oestrus the level was approximately 12 pg/ml. A level between 10-15 pg/ml was kept during the following 10 weeks whether or not the bitch was pregnant and no change occurred at parturition. The mean progesterone level was found to be very low, around or under 1 ng/ml, until 1-4 days after the oestradiol peak after which the level gradually increased to around 10 ng/ml at the start of oestrus. During oestrus and metoestrus or pregnancy the pattern was inconsistent. In some bitches the level gradually increased during 3-4 weeks and reached a peak value of 30-50 ng/ml. The level then gradually decreased during 5-6 weeks. During the first 5 weeks of the same period progesterone in other bitches fluctuated between similar maximum levels and extremely low levels. After the fifth week the pattern was the same for all bitches. In the pregnant bitches there was a significant drop of the progesterone level at parturition. The data suggest that the dog is not an ideal test animal for steroids synthetized for use in man.
On Thrones of Gold. Three Javanese Shadow Plays. Edited with an introduction by James R. Brandon. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1970. 3 colour plates. Pp. xvi + 407, $15. (1972)

On Thrones of Gold. Three Javanese Shadow Plays. Edited with an introduction by James R. Brandon. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1970. 3 colour plates. Pp. xvi + 407, $15. - Volume 6 Issue 1
Valence Bond Isomerization of Fused [1,2,3]Triazolium Salts with Bridgehead Nitrogen Atom. Fused Azolium Salts. 19<sup>,</sup> (1999)

[1,2,3]Triazolo[1,5-a]quinolinium (7), [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-b]isoquinolinium (8), and [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinium salts (9) when heated in trifluoroacetic acid and/or 1,2-dichlorobenzene undergo valence bond isomerization to ring-opened reactive intermediates (e.g., 8 gave 13) which can participate in (i) electrophilic substitution as nitrenium cations to yield pyrazole- and indazole-fused new heterocycles (e.g., from 13, 14, and 15 are formed), (ii) pseudoelectrocyclization (e.g., intermediate 19c leads to the pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine 21), or (iii) in nucleophilic addition as carbenium cations (e.g., 1 gave the methoxy-substituted adduct 22 when heated in methanol). Comparison of these and some recent results reveals that this ring opening of fused [1,2,3]triazolium salts is a general phenomenon and is closely related to the well-known retro-electrocyclizations (called "1,5-dipolar cyclizations") of neutral fused [1,2,3]triazoles and tetrazoles.
Elevated CD38 Antigen Expression on CD8+ T Cells Is a Stronger Marker for the Risk of Chronic HIV Disease Progression to AIDS and Death in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Than CD4+ Cell Count, Soluble Immune Activation Markers, or Combinations of HLA-DR and CD38 Expression (1997)

The prognostic value of several immunologic markers were compared in Los Angeles Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) participants, most of whom had been infected with HIV for >8 years. Markers studied included CD4+ cell number, flow cytometric measurements of CD8+ cell expression of CD38 and HLA-DR antigens, and serum markers of immune activation including neopterin, beta2-microglobulin, soluble interleukin-2 receptor, soluble CD8, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-alpha (TNF-alpha) type II. Cox proportional hazards models indicated that elevated CD38 on CD8, a flow cytometric measurement of CD8+ T-lymphocyte activation, was the most predictive marker of those studied for development of a clinical AIDS diagnosis and death. As compared with the reference group, who had CD38 on CD8 <2470 molecules per CD8+ cell and in whom 4 of 99 developed clinical AIDS within 3 years, participants with CD38 on CD8 between 2470 and 3899, 3900 and 7250, and >7250 had relative risks (and numbers developing AIDS within 3 years) of 5.0 (15 of 81), 12.3 (24 of 60), and 41.4 (36 of 49), respectively. The strong prognostic value of CD38 on CD8 measurements and the fundamental importance of chronic immune activation in the pathogenesis of HIV disease suggests that this marker might have utility in the clinical management of HIV-infected persons.
<title>Wide Bandwidth, High Sensitivity Hg<formula><inf><roman>0.8</roman></inf></formula>Cd<formula><inf><roman>0.2</roman></inf></formula>Te Photodiodes for CO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> Laser Applications</title> (1980)

This paper presents experimental results describing the dc and CO2 laser heterodyne characteristics of single element and four element n+-n--p Hg0.8Cd0.2Te photodiode arrays. These diodes exhibited wide bandwidths (~2.0 GHz) and fairly good effective heterodyne quantum efficiencies (~13-30% at 2.0 GHz). Typical noise equivalent powers of approximately 1.44 x 10-20w/Hz to 6.23 x 10-20w/Hz have been measured at 2.0 GHz.
C[unk] inactivator inhibition by plasmin (1970)

Plasmin incubated with partially purified C[unk] inactivator produced a decrease in inhibitory activity which was related to the time of incubation and to the concentration of plasmin. This effect of plasmin was not influenced by the purity of the inhibitor preparations. Soybean trypsin inhibitor and tosyl arginine methyl ester (TAMe), substances which block the active enzymic center of plasmin, prevented the plasmin-induced inactivation. Double diffusion analysis of the functionally deficient, plasmin-treated C[unk] inactivator using a specific antibody, showed a reaction of identity with the untreated inhibitor. Agarose and acrylamide gel immunoelectrophoresis of a plasmin, inhibitor mixture showed the appearance of an additional precipitin band with immunologic reactivity similar to that of the untreated inhibitor. These results demonstrate that plasmin alters both the functional and immunoelectrophoretic properties of C[unk] inactivator, and that the active proteolytic site of plasmin is necessary for this interaction. Since C[unk] inactivator has been shown to inhibit several different proteolytic enzymes including C[unk], kallikrein, PF/Dil, and plasmin, this investigation provides a theoretical relationship between the fibrinolytic, kallikrein, and complement systems which may have pathophysiologic relevance to various human disease states.
Recent Advances in Enzymatic Fuel Cells: Experiments and Modeling (2010)

Enzymatic fuel cells convert the chemical energy of biofuels into electrical energy. Unlike traditional fuel cell types, which are mainly based on metal catalysts, the enzymatic fuel cells employ enzymes as catalysts. This fuel cell type can be used as an implantable power source for a variety of medical devices used in modern medicine to administer drugs, treat ailments and monitor bodily functions. Some advantages in comparison to conventional fuel cells include a simple fuel cell design and lower cost of the main fuel cell components, however they suffer from severe kinetic limitations mainly due to inefficiency in electron transfer between the enzyme and the electrode surface. In this review article, the major research activities concerned with the enzymatic fuel cells (anode and cathode development, system design, modeling) by highlighting the current problems (low cell voltage, low current density, stability) will be presented.