gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sigmoidal crack growth rate curve: statistical modelling and applications (2012)

ABSTRACT The present paper proposes a statistical model for describing sigmoidal crack growth rate curves. Major novelties are: a) exploitation of the maximum likelihood principle for obtaining material estimates by pooling together experimental data belonging to the different crack propagation regions; b) a general formulation which allows to adopt different sigmoidal models and any kind of statistical distribution for the model variables; c) fatigue life predictions through numerical integration of analytical functions with no need of Monte Carlo simulations. Experimental data taken from NASGRO database are used to check the validity of the statistical model in estimating material parameters included in the crack growth NASGRO algorithm. Illustrative plots of number of cycles to failure and crack length after a given number of cycles are presented, showing good agreement between the proposed statistical model and NASGRO results.
Core-Based Intrinsic Fiber-Optic Absorption Sensor for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds (1995)

A core-based intrinsic fiber-optic absorption sensor has been developed and tested for the detection of volatile organic compounds. The distal ends of transmitting and receiving fibers are connected by a small cylindrical section of an optically clear silicone rubber. The silicone rubber acts both as a light pipe and as a selective membrane into which the analyte molecules can diffuse. The sensor has been used to detect volatile organics (trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and benzene) in both aqueous solutions and in the vapor phase or headspace. Absorption spectra obtained in the near-infrared (near-IR) provide qualitative and quantitative information about the analyte. Water, which has strong broad-band absorption in the near-IR, is excluded from the spectra because of the hydrophobic properties of the silicone rubber. The rate-limiting step is shown to be the diffusion through the Nernstian boundary layer surrounding the sensor and not the diffusion through the silicone polymer. The rate of analyte diffusion into the sensor, as measured by the t 90 values (the time required for the sensor to reach 90% of the equilibrium value), is 30 min for measurements in aqueous solutions and approximately 3 min for measurements made in the headspace. The limit of detection obtained with this sensor is approximately 1.1 ppm for trichloroethylene in an aqueous solution.
The organisation of the multigene family which encodes the major cell surface protein, pMGA, of <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> (1994)

The genome of the avian pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum contains a number of related genes for putative adhesion molecules (pMGA). Cloning and sequence analysis of several pMGA genes suggested that all of them might be transcriptionally and translationally functional. Analysis of the gene sequence encoding the sole pMGA variant expressed in vitro in the S6 strain (pMGA1.1) revealed no unambiguous feature that could account for its unique expression. It is estimated that the pMGA gene family may contain up to 50 members, and its possible role is discussed herein.
EVALUATION OF STAINED AND UNSTAINED ELECTROPHEROGRAMS BY PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY (1983)

By photoacoustic spectroscopy all types of electropherograms, even unstained electropherograms of colored proteins can be mapped with excellent sensitivity and resolution and the prosthetic groups of these proteins identified.
Diffraction Unlimited All-Optical Recording of Electron Spin Resonances (2011)

We show stimulated emission depletion microscopy to break the diffraction limit in the all-far-field-optical detection of magnetic fields and resonances. Electron spin resonances from single nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond located at subdiffraction proximities are fully discerned. Since diffraction is overcome by disallowing the signaling state through an optical transition such as stimulated emission, the spin state remains unaffected and amenable to microwave manipulation. Stimulated emission depletion presents a universal scheme for superresolving spin resonances detectable by fluorescence.
Mixed mode execution with context threading (2005)

Interpreters are widely used to implement portable language runtime environments. Programs written in these languages may benefit from performance beyond that obtainable by optimizing interpretation alone. A modern high-performance mixed-mode virtual machine (VM) includes a method-based Just In Time (JIT) compiler. A method-based JIT, however, requires the up-front development of a complex compilation infrastructure before any performance benefits are realized. Ideally, the architecture for a mixed-mode VM could detect and execute a variety of shapes of hot regions of a virtual program. Our VM architecture is based on context threading. It supports powerful,
Material classification using BRDF slices (2009)

Segmenting images into distinct material types is a very useful capability. Most work in image segmentation addresses the case where only a single image is available. Some methods improve on this by collecting HDR or multispectral images. However, it is also possible to use the reflectance properties of the materials to obtain better results. By acquiring many images of an object under different lighting conditions we have more samples of the surfaces bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). We show that this additional information enlarges the class of material types that can be well separated by segmentation, and that properly treating the information as samples of the BRDF further increases accuracy without requiring an explicit estimation of the material BRDF.
The effects of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic diets containing Bacillus coagulans and inulin on serum lipid profile in the rat (2015)

An <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em> trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of <em>Bacillus</em> <em>coagulans</em>, and inulin, either separately or in combination, on lipid profile using a rat model. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8) and fed as follows: standard diet (control), standard diet with 5% w/w long chain inulin (prebiotic), standard diet with 109 spores/day spores of <em>B</em>. <em>coagulans</em> by orogastric gavage (probiotic), and standard diet with 5% w/w long chain inulin and 109 spores/day of <em>B</em>. <em>coagulans</em> (synbiotic). Rats were fed for 30 days. Serum samples were collected 10, 20 and 30 days following onset of treatment. Total, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were analyzed. Results of this study showed that inulin potentially affected the lipid profile. An obvious decrease in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of rats fed with inulin in symbiotic and prebiotic groups was seen in all sampling days. Inulin fed rats also demonstrated higher levels of HDL-cholesterol concentration; however this value in probiotic and control fed rats remains without significant change. According to the results of this study, <em>B</em>. <em>coagulans</em> did not contribute to any lipid profile changes after 30 days. Thus, further <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> investigations on the characteristic of these bacteria could be useful to gain insights into understanding the treatment of probiotics in order to achieve the maximum beneficial effect.
Hai-Yaso Anti-Jesus. Hayashi Razan's antichristlicher Bericht uber eine konfuzianisch-christliche Disputation aus dem Jahre 1606 (1939)

Hans Müller, Hai-Yaso Anti-Jesus. Hayashi Razan's antichristlicher Bericht über eine konfuzianisch-christliche Disputation aus dem Jahre 1606, Monumenta Nipponica, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Jan., 1939), pp. 268-275
735 Minocycline Reduces Post-traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibition of the Caspase-1 Cell Death Cascade (2000)

Friedlander, Robert M. MD, MA; Ona, Victor MD; Stieg, Philip E. , PhD, MD; Li, Mingwei MD; Friedlander, Robert M. , MD, MA
Vascular effects of loop diuretics (1996)

Although it is generally believed that the beneficial effect of loop diuretics is the result of a rapid increase in diuresis, substantial evidence, from a large number of in vitro and in vivo experiments, has accumulated showing that administration of furosemide causes direct vascular effects, which probably contribute to its acute clinical effects. Several mechanisms are involvedin the vascular response to loop diuretics. The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, prostaglandins and the direct vascular effects of loop diuretics on both the arterial and venous parts of the vasctdature are discussed.
Software Aspects of the Digital RF Processor (DRP<sup>TM</sup>) (2007)

This paper presents an overview of software aspects of the first-ever single-chip GSM radio realized in 90 nm CMOS. It demonstrates benefits of using highly programmable digital control logic in a wireless SoC system. It also describes a micro-processor design in the digital RF processor (DRP) and how it controls compensation for process, voltage, temperature (PVT) variations of the analog and RF circuits to meet the required RF performance.
Extrahepatic portal hypertension in children. Long term evaluation. (1983)

Extrahepatic portal hypertension in children continues to be a poorly understood entity in many respects. The etiology in most patients is undetermined. The natural history of the condition is not clearly appreciated, particularly with respect to the eventual fate of esophageal varices and the risk of variceal bleeding. Considerable difference of opinion exists in regard to the results of surgical intervention to control or prevent bleeding as well as in regard to the long term affects of such operations. Forty-one children have been followed at this hospital over the past 30 years. A recent and thorough follow-up evaluation has been completed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze this group of patients in regard to these poorly understood areas. Particular attention is paid to the natural history of the condition, the results of therapy, the mortality, and the overall current status of these patients.
InP-based materials and devices : physics and technology (1999)

Demand for InP--Based Optoelectronic Devices and Systems (J. Yoshida). Applications of InP--Based Transistors for Microwave and Millimeter-- Wave Systems (M. Matloubian). Material Physics of InP--Based Compound Semiconductors (Y. Takeda). InP Bulk Crystal Growth and Characterization (D. Bliss). Metal--Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition of InP--Based Materials (T. Fukui). InP and Related Compound Growth Based on MBE Technologies with Gaseous Sources (H. Heinecke). Physics and Technological Control of Surfaces and Interfaces of InP--Based Materials (H. Hasegawa). Dry Process Technique for InP--Based Materials (K. Asakawa). Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors and Circuit Applications (J. Dickmann). Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors and Circuit Applications (H.--F. Chau & W. Liu). Lasers, Amplifiers, and Modulators Based on InP--Based Materials (N. Dutta). Photodiodes and Receivers Based on InP Materials (K. Taguchi). Hybrid Integration and Packaging of InP--Based Optoelectronic Devices (W. Hunziker). Index.
Transparent, Superhydrophobic, and Wear-Resistant Coatings on Glass and Polymer Substrates Using SiO<sub>2</sub>, ZnO, and ITO Nanoparticles (2012)

It is of significant interest to create surfaces that simultaneously exhibit high water contact angle, low contact angle hysteresis, and high transmission of visible light, as well as mechanical wear resistance for industrial applications. The fabrication of such surfaces has often involved complex or expensive processes, required techniques that were not suitable for a variety of substrates and particles, required surface post-treatment, or lacked wear resistance. A systematic study has been performed in which transparent superhydrophobic surfaces were created on glass, polycarbonate, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) substrates using surface-functionalized SiO(2), ZnO, and indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles. The contact angle, contact angle hysteresis, and optical transmittance were measured for samples using all particle-substrate combinations. To examine wear resistance, multiscale wear experiments were performed using an atomic force microscope (AFM) and a water jet apparatus.
Near-optimum iterative estimation of dispersive multipath channels (2002)

Correlation-based channel estimation techniques offer low complexity, but suffer a performance penalty relative to that achievable using the minimum-variance unbiased estimator. This paper describes two iterative estimation algorithms, called sequential and strength-ordered, respectively, that exploit the known properties of the channel sounding sequence to reduce the bias of an initial correlation-based estimate. Performance is compared with both the sliding correlator technique and the Cramer-Rao performance lower bound in the setting of discrete-time FIR channels. The sequential algorithm leads to a pipelined implementation that is amenable to on-line estimation, while the strength-ordered algorithm can be used for off-line improvement of initial estimates obtained using a correlator.
Exocellulr Toxic Factors Prowced by<i>Vibrio Vulnificus</i> (1993)

Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen causing septicemia or wound-infections characterized by the formation of edema, necrotic ulcer and cellulitis on the skin. This bacterium produces various exocellular toxic factors, among which, 45 kDa protease and 56 (or 50) kDa cytolysin have been studied extensively.The protease is a zinc metalloprotease and degrades a number of biologically important proteins including elastin, fibrinogen, plasma protease inhibitors and complement components. It also enhances vascular permeability through activation of the Hag-factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade and/or exmytotic histamine release from mast cells, and forms a hemorrhagic lesion which finally provokes severe dermonecrosis. Thus, the protease is the mast probable candidate for edema formation and bacterial invasion during the infection. Iron is an essential element for the growth of microorganisms. V. vulnificus is known to be able to utilize heme proteins such as hemoglobin as its sole iron source. Since V. vulnificus protease has the ability to digest heme proteins and to liberate heme residue fran globin protein, this enzyme may contribute to efficient heme uptake by the bacterium. However, V. vulnificus protease inoculated into a mmal is quickly inactivated by a 700 kDa plasma glycoprotein, alpha-macroglobulin, at molar ratio of 1 : 1. This plasma protein leaks fram the vascular system as a result of the permeability-enhancing and hemorrhagic actions of the protease, resulting in in situ inactivation of the protease by physical entrapment. It is therefore presumed that the depression of alpha-macroglobulin activity enhances the infectivity of V. vulnificus.V. vulnificus cytolysin can disrupt various eukaryotic cells, such as erythrocyte, mast cell and CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cell, and an artificial vesicle, lipsome. Studies on its cytolytic action on the erythrocyte have shown that the cytotoxin initially binds to cell-surface cholesterol in a temperature independent mer. Then, some toxin molecules bound to the membrane aggregate and form a small (diameter of 53 nm) transmembrane-pore in a temperature dependent manner. Finally, the cell membrane is burst owing to the influx of extracellular substances including water via the pore resulting in the increase in the intracellular osmotic pressure. Some divalent cations (e.g. Ca2+, Mg2+ and Mn2+) block the final hemolytic stage by an unknown mechanism. This toxin also causes tissue damage and enhances permeability, perhaps due to histamine leakage from disrupted mast cells. Therefore, the cytolysin, like the protease, is also a putative factor for the development of skin lesions. Needless to say, the cytolysin seems to provide intracellularly stored-iron including hemoglobin to the bacterium. The gene encoding V, vulnificus cytolysin was cloned and sequenced, and this CNA fragment has been used as a probe for identification of the vibrio.
An editable nonmanifold boundary representation (1991)

An approach to boundary evaluation and a boundary representation are presented. The approach uses nonmanifold topology (NMT) to overcome editing and coverage limitations associated with the manifold nature of existing boundary evaluation schemes. It merges the input primitives into a single representation and selects the entities in the merged set that constitute the result of the Boolean operations. Because this approach maintains a complete description of the input primitives, it provides some significant performance advantages when editing. In addition, the domain of 3D Boolean operations is extended to include surface and wireframe information as well as the traditional solid information. The implementation and testing of the approach are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pattern‐Based Recognition of Heparin Contaminants by an Array of Self‐Assembling Fluorescent Receptors (2009)

Tracking down potential killers: Strong host-guest interactions enable the facile combination of polycationic cyclodextrin binding motifs (blue) with fluorescent reporters (orange) tethered to a hydrophobic guest molecule (dark green). An array of supramolecular fluorescent receptors prepared by this modular approach was used for the pattern-based recognition of negatively charged contaminants in the anticoagulant drug heparin.
Low-loss metal-dielectric waveguide mode enabled structured illumination microscopy with 018λ<sub>0</sub> resolution (2019)

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is a powerful super-resolved imaging technique which enables to perform fast and in vivo imaging of bio-samples. In order to achieve a better resolution of a SIM system, evanescent waves with larger in-plane wave-vector are preferred for SIM, among which the total internal reflection (TIRF-SIM) and the plasmonic SIM (pSIM) configurations are widely studied. Here, we demonstrated a metal-dielectric waveguide (MDW) based SIM system - termed as MDW-SIM, which can achieve a good compromise between TIRF-SIM and pSIM. The MDW can support a low-loss waveguide mode at an aqueous environment, with an evanescent tail existing above the water/dielectric interface for SIM. A proof-of-concept imaging experiment was performed on fluorescent beads, where a spatial resolution of 86nm was achieved at a 473nm illumination wavelength and a 1.45 numerical aperture objective lens. The proposed MDW-SIM has a great potential for the bio-imaging applications.
LA CIRUGÍA EN EL CÁNCER DE MAMA (2007)

ResumenEl diagnstico y tratamiento del cncer de mama ha ido evolucionado a lo largo de la historia en funcin del conocimiento que se ha tenido de l; pasando de ser una enfermedad puramente loco-regional, a la consideracin actual de una enfermedad sistmica que debe ser considerada desde un abordaje multidisciplinar.El tratamiento quirrgico actual est basado en dos pilares ya consolidados: la ciruga conservadora y la biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela, lo que ha llevado a la perdida de agresividad en el contexto quirrgico pero no ha ido en detrimento de criterios oncolgicos eficaces.En los casos en los que esta menor radicalidad no es posible, surge como alternativa, la ciruga oncoplstica, que es de gran ayuda para que la mujer pueda soportar la agresin que supone la ciruga radical del cncer de mama.
Plastic Deformation of Nanometer-Scale Gold Connective Necks (1995)

A combined scanning force and tunneling microscope is used to study the plastic deformation of a connective neck of nanometer dimensions formed by cohesive bonding between metal tip and substrate after contact. The applied force and conductance of the neck are measured simultaneously during the deformation process, which proceeds in alternating elastic and yielding stages. From these data the Young's modulus and the yield stress of the neck are estimated. This is the first experimental quantitative measurement of plastic deformation in a structure of nanometer size.
Microstructural Study of a Mg–Zn–Zr Alloy Hot Compressed at a High Strain Rate (2020)

Understanding the correlation of plasticity with deformation and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors, in magnesium (Mg) alloys deformed under high-strain-rate conditions, is increasingly important for wrought Mg processing. In the present study, a ZK30 (Mg-2.61%Zn-0.66%Zr by weight percent (wt.%)) alloy in the as-forged state was hot compressed to various strain levels at a temperature of 350 °C and a strain rate of 10 s<sup>-1</sup>. Heterogeneous deformation and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behaviors of the complicated microstructures in the deformed samples were analyzed via a grain-partitioning approach based on intra-grain misorientation analysis from electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD). The ZK30 alloy showed excellent formability, remaining intact at a true strain of -1.11. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) via grain boundary corrugation/bulging are the dominant mechanisms for the relaxation of strain energy during hot compression. Initial Zr-rich coarse grains undertook a significant portion of the plastic strain as the compression progressed, reflected by the increased misorientations within their interior and marked change in their aspect ratios. The results indicate that the excellent plasticity of the as-forged ZK30 alloy can be attributed to the operative CDRX mechanisms and the reduced deformation anisotropy of Zr-rich coarse grains containing Zn-Zr nano-precipitates.
β Oxidation in Glyoxysomes from Castor Bean Endosperm (1969)

Crude particulate preparations from castor bean endosperm contain most of the β oxidation activity present in initial extracts. Measurements on organelles separated by sucrose density centrifugation of the crude particles show that glyoxysomes (density 1.25) contain more than 80% of the particulate β oxidation activity, with virtually none in the mitochondria (density 1.19). Thiolase shows a similar distribution. Glyoxysomes do not oxidize NADH, but O2 is required for β oxidation. Addition of palmitoyl coenzyme A to glyoxysomes results in O2 uptake, NADH accumulation, and acetyl-CoA production, in a 0.5:1:1 stoichiometry. Cyanide has no effect on NADH accumulation, but doubles the rate of O2 uptake. These data are consistent with an O2-requiring oxidation of the prosthetic group of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase to yield H2O2, which is broken down by catalase in the glyoxysome. Acetyl-CoA produced by β oxidation is consumed in the glyoxylate cycle, which is also located in this organelle.
On the Drag Reduction of a Passenger Ship with Air Cavity (1999)

It is known that lubrication effect of an air cavity can reduced a drag of a ship. The present study intends to utilize the phenomena for the drag reduction of a passenger ship now operating in a lake. A scaled model of the model when air cavities are formed under the bottom of the model. Model experiments have been performed to determine adequate air supply rates, proper shapes and locations of air supply nozzles. It is shown that energy saving of mere than 10% can be achieved at the design speed of the ship even after excluding additional power consumed for air supplying. Multiple air supply nozzles, if allocated properly, are more effective than single one in resistance reduction of the ship.