gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface properties of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-acyl-sn-glycerols (1986)

Stereospecific 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol and a series of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-acyl-sn-glycerols (TGs) with 3-acyl chains of two through six and eight carbons in length were synthesized. Pressure-area isotherms at 27 degrees C, surface melting temperatures (Ts), and equilibrium spreading pressures (esp) measured at the bulk melting temperature (Tf) were obtained for each TG and for dipalmitin. Whereas dipalmitin and the 3-acetyl-TG condense directly to an expanded mesomorphous state (30-33 A2/palmitoyl chain at the vapor pressure, pi v), the 3-propionyl- through 3-octanoyl-TGs show an area per molecule (in the liquid at pi v) that increases linearly from 105 to 130 A2/molecule (slope = 5 A2/CH2 group). This slope suggests that the 3-acyl chains are lying flat on the water at the end of the gas-liquid transition. Before solidification at 42-47 A2/molecule, the 3-propionyl- through 3-hexanoyl-TGs show a transition corresponding to the immersion of the 3-acyl chain. The pressure at this transition, pi tr, vs. 3-acyl carbon number is linear and indicates a chain immersion energy of 497 cal mol-1 per CH2. In contrast, the 3-octanoyl chain is not forced into the water but rather is pushed into the monolayer to lie parallel to the palmitoyl chains. As the sn-3 chain is lengthened, Ts decreases from 68 to 25 degrees C, but the 3-octanoyl monolayer does not solidify even at 5 degrees C because the short upright octanoyl chains fluidize the palmitoyl chains. The esp (at Tf) drops from 31.7 mN m-1 for dipalmitin to 20.6 mN m-1 for the 3-acetyl-TG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses of Constitutive and In Vivo-Induced Promoters in Attenuated Vaccine and Vector Strains of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> (2000)

The optimal promoter for in vivo expression of heterologous antigens by live, attenuated vaccine vector strains of Vibrio cholerae is unclear; in vitro analyses of promoter activity may not accurately predict expression of antigens in vivo. We therefore introduced plasmids expressing the B subunit of cholera toxin (CtxB) under the control of a number of promoters into V. cholerae vaccine strain Peru2. We evaluated the tac promoter, which is constitutively expressed in V. cholerae, as well as the in vivo-induced V. cholerae heat shock htpG promoter and the in vivo-induced V. cholerae iron-regulated irgA promoter. The functionality of all promoters was confirmed in vitro. In vitro antigenic expression was highest in vaccine strains expressing CtxB under the control of the tac promoter (2 to 5 microgram/ml/unit of optical density at 600 nm [OD(600)]) and, under low-iron conditions, in strains containing the irgA promoter (5 microgram/ml/OD(600)). We orally inoculated mice with the various vaccine strains and used anti-CtxB immune responses as a marker for in vivo expression of CtxB. The vaccine strain expressing CtxB under the control of the tac promoter elicited the most prominent specific anti-CtxB responses in vivo (serum immunoglobulin G [IgG], P </= 0.05; serum IgA, P </= 0.05; stool IgA, P </= 0.05; bile IgA, P </= 0.05), despite the finding that the tac and irgA promoters expressed equivalent amounts of CtxB in vitro. Vibriocidal antibody titers were equivalent in all groups of animals. Our results indicate that in vitro assessment of antigen expression by vaccine and vector strains of V. cholerae may correlate poorly with immune responses in vivo and that of the promoters examined, the tac promoter may be best suited for expression from plasmids of at least certain heterologous antigens in such strains.
ANALISIS HUKUM TERHADAP AKSI SOLIDARITAS ORGANISASI MASYARAKAT FRONT PEMBELA ISLAM DI MAKASSAR DITINJAU DARI UNDANG‐UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1985 JUNCTO UNDANG‐UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG ORGANISASI KEMASYARAKATAN (2014)

Negara Republik Indonesia Adalah Negara Hukum yang sudah tercantum dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Pasal 1 ayat 3, yang berarti bahwa segala tindakan yang menyalahi hukum harus di tindak secara tegas sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia. Jika melihat hal diatas sangatlah bertolak belakang dengan kasus yang terjadi di Makassar tanggal 10 agustus 2012, yang mana organisasi masyarakat front pembela islam yang melakukan perusakan terhadap 2 tempat ibadah etnis Tionghoa. Dari kasus tersebut sudah seharusnya organisasi masyarakat front pembela islam yang telah melakukan tindakan anarkisme tersebut harus di tindak secara tegas sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1985 Tentang Organisasi Kemasyarakatan yaitu Pasal 13 huruf a yang menyatakan pemerintah dapat membekukan pengurus atau pengurus pusat organisasi masyarakat yang melakukan kegiatan yang menggangu keamanan dan ketertiban umum, tetapi pada kenyataannya organisasi masyarakat tersebut tidak di berikan sanksi apapun padahal tindakan tersebut merupakan tindakan yang melawan hukum.
Black-box approach to capacity identification for multi-tier applications hosted on virtualized platforms (2011)

In cloud-based Web application hosting environments, virtualization offers the potential to exploit dynamic resource provisioning and scaling to maintain service level agreements while minimizing resource utilization for a given workload. However, optimal proactive resource provisioning and scaling for a specific Web application require, at the least, a profile of the application's current workload and a model of the application's capacity under various resource configurations. Here we focus on multi-tier Web applications. The capacity of a multi-tier Web application varies substantially as the pattern of requests in the workload changes. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a black-box method for capacity prediction that first identifies workload patterns for a multi-tier Web application from access logs using unsupervised machine learning and then, based on those patterns, builds a model capable of predicting the application's capacity for any specific workload pattern. In an experimental evaluation, we compare a baseline method that predicts capacity without a model of the application-specific workload patterns to several regression models using the proposed workload identification method. All of the models based on workload pattern identification outperform the baseline method. The best model, a Gaussian process regression model, gives only 6.42% error. Cloud providers utilizing our method can proactively perform dynamic allocation of resources to multi-tier Web applications, meeting service level agreements at minimal cost.
Condition monitoring and remaining useful life prediction using degradation signals: revisited (2013)

10.1080/0740817X.2012.706376
Expression of Nerve Growth Factors in Pancreatic Neural Tissue and Pancreatic Cancer (2001)

One of the characteristics of pancreatic cancer is its tendency to invade neural tissue. We hypothesized that the affinity of cancer cells for nerve tissue is related to the presence of growth factors in neural tissue and their receptors in cancer cells. Sections of pancreatic cancer and normal pancreatic tissue were examined by immunohistochemistry for the expression of the neurotrophins NGF, BDNF, NT-3, NT-4, and their receptors TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, as well as the low-affinity receptor, p75NTR. TrkA expression was found in duct, islet, and cancer cells; TrkB was found in the alpha-cells of the islet only. The anti-pan-Trk antibody (TrkB3), which is presumed to recognize all three receptors, immunoreacted with duct and acinar cells in normal tissue and with cancer cells. The staining with TrkC was similar to that of TrkA. The low-affinity receptor p75NTR was expressed in the neural tissue and in scattered duct cells of the normal tissue only. Duct and acinar cells, as well as neural tissue and cancer cells, showed weak to strong immunoreactivity with NGF. NT-3 expression was noted in capillary endothelia and erythrocytes. NT-4 showed specific staining for ductule cells. The expression and distribution of neurotrophins and their receptors suggest their role in the potential of pancreatic cancer cells for neural invasion.
A Goal-Oriented Requirements Modelling Language for Enterprise Architecture (2009)

Methods for enterprise architecture, such as TOGAF, acknowledge the importance of requirements engineering in the development of enterprise architectures. Modelling support is needed to specify, document, communicate and reason about goals and requirements. Current modelling techniques for enterprise architecture focus on the products, services, processes and applications of an enterprise. In addition, techniques may be provided to describe structured requirements lists and use cases. Little support is available however for modelling the underlying motivation of enterprise architectures in terms of stakeholder concerns and the high-level goals that address these concerns. This paper describes a language that supports the modelling of this motivation. The definition of the language is based on existing work on high-level goal and requirements modelling and is aligned with an existing standard for enterprise modelling: the ArchiMate language. Furthermore, the paper illustrates how enterprise architecture can benefit from analysis techniques in the requirements domain.
Vacancy engineering for highly activated &#x2018;diffusionless&#x2019; boron doping in bulk silicon (2008)

Simulation and physical experiments have shown that vacancy engineering implants have the potential to provide outstanding pMOS source/drain performance for several future CMOS device generations. Using vacancy-generating implants prior to boron implantation, hole concentrations approaching 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> can be achieved using low thermal budget annealing. In this new study we propose that the vacancy engineering technique is not reliant on the implementation of SOI-based CMOS but is also directly applicable to bulk silicon technologies.
Performance of Arrays of SIS Junctions in Heterodyne Mixers (1987)

We have made a systematic experimental study of the performance of millimeter-wave quasiparticle heterodyne mixers which use arrays of SIS tunnel junctions. Sets of arrays with N =1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 junctions in series were fabricated by photolithography. All of the arrays in a given set were made on a single silicon wafer so that their response time parameter omega/sub S/R/sub N/C would be the same. Junction areas were scaled so that the total impedance was the same for each array in a set. Sets of arrays from four wafers with values of omega/sub S/R/sub N/C ranging from 2.6 to 13 were evaluated in mixers at 33 and 36 GHz. These measurements showed that the signal power required to saturate the mixers varies as N/sup 2/ and that the conversion efficiency is nearly independent of N for all values of omega/sub S/R/sub N/C. The mixer noise temperature is independent of N for large values of omega/sub S/R/sub N/C. Therefore, the dynamic range of an SIS quasiparticle mixer can increase in proportion to N/sup 2/. For small values of as omega/sub S/R/sub N/C, however, the mixer noise increases systematically with N. This correlation suggests that the junction capacitance affects the coupling between junctions that can contribute to the noise.
Modulatory effect of auxiliary beta1 subunit on Nav1.3 voltage-gated sodium channel expressed in Xenopus oocyte. (2007)

homologous and form single transmembrane glycoproteins with short intracellular loops and immunoglobulin-like extracellular segments. The association of the various α subtypes with different combinations of auxiliary β subunits creates the possibility of additional molecular and functional complexity for neuronal sodium channels. Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3 and Nav1.6 are predominantly expressed in the central nervous system while Nav1.7, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 are principally found in the peripheral nervous system. 2 The Nav1.3 α subtype has attracted interest recently because its expression is dramatically up-regulated in nociceptive sensory neurons after peripheral nerve damage, perhaps contributing to the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. 3 Theoretically, no matter how the expression of the Nav1.3 α subunit is changed in neuropathic pain, the function of the Nav1.3 α subtype should be modulated by β subunits. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cloned rat β1 subunit on Nav1.3 function.
Antimicrobial Histones and DNA Traps in Invertebrate Immunity (2014)

Although antimicrobial histones have been isolated from multiple metazoan species, their role in host defense has long remained unanswered. We found here that the hemocytes of the oyster Crassostrea gigas release antimicrobial H1-like and H5-like histones in response to tissue damage and infection. These antimicrobial histones were shown to be associated with extracellular DNA networks released by hemocytes, the circulating immune cells of invertebrates, in response to immune challenge. The hemocyte-released DNA was found to surround and entangle vibrios. This defense mechanism is reminiscent of the neutrophil extracellular traps (ETs) recently described in vertebrates. Importantly, oyster ETs were evidenced in vivo in hemocyte-infiltrated interstitial tissues surrounding wounds, whereas they were absent from tissues of unchallenged oysters. Consistently, antimicrobial histones were found to accumulate in oyster tissues following injury or infection with vibrios. Finally, oyster ET formation was highly dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species by hemocytes. This shows that ET formation relies on common cellular and molecular mechanisms from vertebrates to invertebrates. Altogether, our data reveal that ET formation is a defense mechanism triggered by infection and tissue damage, which is shared by relatively distant species suggesting either evolutionary conservation or convergent evolution within Bilateria.
Clinical Dashboards (2006)

There is a vast array of technical data that is continuously generated within the intensive care unit environment. In addition to physiological monitors, there is information being captured by the ventilator, intravenous infusion pumps, medication dispensing units, and even the patient's bed. The ability to retrieve and synchronize data is essential for both clinical documentation and real-time problem solving for individual patients and the intensive care unit population as a whole. Technical advances that permit the integration of all relevant data into a singular display or "dashboard" may improve staff efficiency, accelerate decisions, streamline workflow processes, and reduce oversights and errors in clinical practice. Critical care nurses must coordinate all aspects of care for one or more patients. Clinical data are constantly being retrieved, documented, analyzed, and communicated to others, all within the daily routine of nursing care. In addition, many bedside monitors and devices have alarms systems that must be evaluated throughout the workday, and actions taken on the basis of the patient's condition and other data. It is obvious that the complexity within such care processes presents many potential opportunities for overlooking important details. The capability to systematically and logically link physiological monitors and other selected data sets into a cohesive dashboard system holds tremendous promise for improving care quality, patient safety, and clinical outcomes in the intensive care unit.
Time-course of infection and responses in a coughing rat model of pertussis (1999)

Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were challenged intrabronchially with Bordetella pertussis strain 18-323 embedded in fine agarose beads and the time-course of infection and other events was determined. There was a steady decline in the numbers of B. pertussis recovered from the rat lungs, with clearance of the infection in most animals by day 12. Leucocytosis, lung inflammation and an increase in total serum IgE in the rats as a result of the challenge were highest around day 10, which was coincident with the highest incidence of coughing in such animals. IgG and IgA antibodies to the B. pertussis antigens pertussis toxin and filamentous haemagglutinin were not detected until after this period. The coughing rat model of pertussis resembles the human disease in the relationship between the time course of infection and cough production.
Identification of the putrescine biosynthetic genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and characterization of agmatine deiminase and N-carbamoylputrescine amidohydrolase of the arginine decarboxylase pathway (2003)

Putrescine can be synthesized either directly from ornithine by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; the speC product) or indirectly from arginine via arginine decarboxylase (ADC; the speA product). The authors identified the speA and speC genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. The activities of the two decarboxylases were similar and each enzyme alone appeared to direct sufficient formation of the polyamine for normal growth. A mutant defective in both speA and speC was a putrescine auxotroph. In this strain, agmatine deiminase (the aguA product) and N-carbamoylputrescine amidohydrolase (the aguB product), which were initially identified as the catabolic enzymes of agmatine, biosynthetically convert agmatine to putrescine in the ADC pathway: a double mutant of aguAB and speC was a putrescine auxotroph. AguA was purified as a homodimer of 43 kDa subunits and AguB as a homohexamer of 33 kDa subunits. AguA specifically deiminated agmatine with K(m) and K(cat) values of 0.6 mM and 4.2 s(-1), respectively. AguB was specific to N-carbamoylputrescine and the K(m) and K(cat) values of the enzyme for the substrate were 0.5 mM and 3.3 s(-1), respectively. Whereas AguA has no structural relationship to any known C-N hydrolases, AguB is a protein of the nitrilase family that performs thiol-assisted catalysis. Inhibition by SH reagents and the conserved cysteine residue in AguA and its homologues suggested that this enzyme is also involved in thiol-mediated catalysis.
A C‐terminal EGF‐like domain governs BAD1 localization to the yeast surface and fungal adherence to phagocytes, but is dispensable in immune modulation and pathogenicity of <i>Blastomyces dermatitidis</i> (2003)

BAD1, an adhesin and immune modulator of Blastomyces dermatitidis, is an essential virulence factor that is released extracellularly before association with the yeast surface. Here, deletion of the C-terminal EGF-like domain profoundly affected BAD1 function, leading to non-association with yeast, extracellular accumulation and impaired yeast adherence to macrophages. In equilibrium binding assays, DeltaC-term BAD1, lacking an EGF-like domain, bound poorly to BAD1 null yeast, yielding a low affinity (Kd, 3 x 10(-7) M versus 5 x 10(-8) M) and Bmax (1.9 x 10(5) versus 7.9 x 10(5)) compared with BAD1. Similar protein binding profiles were observed using chitin particles, reinforcing the notion that chitin fibrils are a receptor for BAD1, and that the EGF-like domain is critical for BAD1 interactions with chitin on yeast. DeltaC-term strains bound poorly to macrophages, compared with parental or BAD1-reconstituted null strains. However, DeltaC-term strains and the purified protein itself sharply suppressed tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha release by phagocytes in vitro and in lung in vivo, and the strains retained pathogenicity in a murine model of blastomycosis. Our results illustrate the previously undefined role of the EGF-like domain for BAD1 localization to yeast surfaces during cell wall biogenesis. They also demonstrate that the requirements for host cell binding and immune modulation by BAD1 can be dissociated from one another, and that the former is unexpectedly dispensable in the requisite role of BAD1 in pathogenesis.
Ectopic expression of the Dlx genes induces glutamic acid decarboxylase and Dlx expression (2002)

The expression of the Dlx homeobox genes is closely associated with neurons that express gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the embryonic rostral forebrain. To test whether the Dlx genes are sufficient to induce some aspects of the phenotype of GABAergic neurons, we adapted the electroporation method to ectopically express DLX proteins in slice cultures of the mouse embryonic cerebral cortex. This approach showed that ectopic expression of Dlx2 and Dlx5 induced the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylases (GADs), the enzymes that synthesize GABA. We also used this method to show cross-regulation between different Dlx family members. We find that Dlx2 can induce Dlx5 expression, and that Dlx1, Dlx2 and Dlx5 can induce expression from a Dlx5/6-lacZ enhancer/"reporter construct.
Introduction to Computers (2016)

Our lifestyles have undergone a sea change with the advancement in technology\nespecially in the field of computers. Computers are an integral part of our lifestyles\ntoday and are found at offices, banks, homes, schools, colleges, hotels, shops etc. This\nadvance in technology has made our lives easy and comfortable. For instance, we can\nexecute a number of activities using computer based systems- we can write a draft on\nword processor and email it, make calculations using an electronic spread sheet and\nincorporate graphics, create a\ndatabase of friends with their phone\nnumbers, addresses and e-mail ids\netc. This chapter gives overview of\ncomponents of computer, different\ntypes of input and output devices,\ndifferent types of memory,\nclassification of computer, various\ncomputer generations, different types\nof computer languages and various\napplications in today’s arena.
Cellulases and Their Applications (1969)

This symposium on cellulases and their applications represents a most worthwhile contribution. Twenty-five papers are presented from 20 laboratories. These groups represent the best talents in the field. They come from six countries distributed over the northern as well as the southern hemispheres, the eastern as well as the western.
Behavioral and Cognitive Toxicity Related to Elevated Plasma Tricyclic Antidepressant Levels (1988)

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have been occasionally reported to cause delirium, probably via a central antimuscarinic action. Nine of 16 patients with plasma TCA levels greater than 450 ng/ml developed cognitive or behavioral toxicity, compared with only one of 15 patients in a control group with plasma TCA levels between 150 and 450 ng/ml. The clinician should be aware of this potential adverse effect of TCA therapy, which may be easily preventable through the combination of careful clinical monitoring and liberal use of plasma TCA levels.
Skeletal muscle cytokines: regulation by pathogen-associated molecules and catabolic hormones (2005)

This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the expression of the afferent and efferent limbs of the innate immune system in skeletal muscle. A special emphasis is placed on the recognition of pathogen-associated molecules by skeletal muscle cells and how these molecules regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines and other muscle genes to result in muscle wasting, and when sustained, the erosion of lean body mass.