gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of A-317491 delivered by glycolipid-like polymer micelles on endometriosis pain (2017)

Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease with a lack of effective clinical treatment. Current therapy often results in endometriosis pain recurrence and serious side effects. P2X<sub>3</sub> receptor, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated ion channel, might be implicated in endometriosis pain. In this study, chitosan oligosaccharide-g-stearic acid (CSOSA) polymer micelles-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed as a novel delivery system for A-317491, a selective P2X<sub>3</sub> receptor antagonist for endometriosis pain therapy. A-317491-loaded NLC (NLC/A-317491) could be coated by CSOSA micelles to form CSOSA/NLC/A-317491 nanoparticles. Pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, which highly expressed P2X<sub>3</sub> receptors, were used as a cell model, and the CSOSA/NLC/A-317491 partly blocked the Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx induced by ATP stimulation. In nude mouse and rat endometriotic models, CSOSA/NLC could accumulate into endometriotic lesions after vein injection. In endometriotic rats, CSOSA/NLC/A-317491 reversed mechanical and heat hyperalgesia with long-term efficacy, which might be attributed to the massive CSOSA/NLC/A-317491 distribution in the endometriotic lesions. In conclusion, A-317491 delivered by CSOSA/NLC nanoparticles attenuated endometriosis pain in rats, and CSOSA/NLC/A-317491 could be used as an effective treatment strategy for P2X<sub>3</sub>-targeted therapy in endometriosis pain.
Virtual platforms: System support to enrich the functionality of end client devices (2015)

Client devices operating at the edges on the Internet, in homes, cars, offices, and elsewhere, are highly heterogeneous in terms of their hardware configurations, form factors, and capabilities, ranging from small sensors to wearable and mobile devices, to the stationary ones like smart TVs and desktop machines. With recent and future advances in wireless networking allowing all such devices to interact with each other and with the cloud, it becomes possible to combine and augment capabilities of individual devices via services running at the edge - in edge clouds - and/or via services running in remote datacenters.\nThe virtual platform approach to combining and enhancing such devices developed in this research makes possible the creation of innovative end user services, using low-latency communications with nearby devices to create for each end user exactly the platform needed for current tasks, guided by permissions and policies controlled by remote, cloud-resident social network services (SNS). To end users, virtual platforms operate beyond the limitations of individual devices, as natural extensions of those devices that offer improved functionality and performance, with ease-of-use provided by cloud-level global context and knowledge.
Multiview Stereo via Volumetric Graph-Cuts and Occlusion Robust Photo-Consistency (2007)

This paper presents a volumetric formulation for the multi-view stereo problem which is amenable to a computationally tractable global optimisation using Graph-cuts. Our approach is to seek the optimal partitioning of 3D space into two regions labelled as "object" and "empty" under a cost functional consisting of the following two terms: (1) A term that forces the boundary between the two regions to pass through photo-consistent locations and (2) a ballooning term that inflates the "object" region. To take account of the effect of occlusion on the first term we use an occlusion robust photo-consistency metric based on Normalised Cross Correlation, which does not assume any geometric knowledge about the reconstructed object. The globally optimal 3D partitioning can be obtained as the minimum cut solution of a weighted graph.
Structure and expression of dog apolipoprotein C-II and C-III mRNAs. Implications for the evolution and functional constraints of apolipoprotein structure. (1987)

The complete cDNAs for canine apolipoprotein (apo) C-II and C-III have been cloned in the plasmid vector, pUC-18, and the phage vector, lambda gt11. With 32P-labeled nick-translated cDNAs as hybridization probes, apoC-II and apoC-III mRNAs were found to be expressed in canine liver, jejunum, ileum, colon, pancreas, spleen, ovary, and bladder at the following relative concentrations: 100, 35, 30, 10, 15, 5, 30, and 2% for apoC-II, and 100, 35, 15, 2, 20, 5, 30, and 5% for apoC-III. Neither mRNA was detected in canine brain, kidney, lung, muscle, oviduct, uterus, or testis. Both mRNAs are approximately 700 nucleotides in length. Complete sequence analysis revealed that apoC-II mRNA codes for a protein of 101 amino acid residues including 22 residues in the signal peptide and 79 residues in the mature peptide region. ApoC-III mRNA codes for a protein of 100 amino acid residues, including 20 in the signal peptide and 80 residues in the mature peptide region. It contains a single cysteine residue in position 54. Secondary structural analysis shows the presence of two regions each of amphipathic helix for apoC-II (residues 14-33 and 44-63) and apoC-III (residues 16-33 and 50-69). Computer analysis of the amphipathic helical regions demonstrates the importance of variation in the dihedral angles of the side chains in the charge microenvironment of the helices. Statistical analysis of sequence similarities between human apoC-II, apoC-III, apoA-II, apoA-I, apoE, and apoA-IV, and dog apoC-II and apoC-III, and rat apoC-III, apoA-II, apoA-I, apoE, and apoA-IV indicates that all these proteins have evolved rapidly, especially in the rat in which apoC-III has evolved at three times the rate in man and dog. Further, the shorter apolipoproteins, apoA-II, apoC-II, and a-poC-III, have evolved more rapidly than the longer ones, apoA-I, apoE, and apoA-IV. Some regions in the individual apolipoproteins are better conserved than others. The rate of evolution of individual regions seems to be related to the stringency of their functional requirements.
Medical library internship at NIH. (1967)

The internship program for medical librarians sponsored by the National Institutes of Health was begun in 1964 and was approved by the Medical Library Association. The program ensures a "planned and balanced development of...capabilities," and "an intensified, systematic, and broad working knowledge and understanding of all phases of librarianship." An outline of the program is provided.
<i>Trans</i>‐free vanaspati containing ternary blends of palm oil‐palm stearin‐palm olein and palm oil‐palm stearin‐palm kernel olein (1999)

Abstract Four samples of trans ‐free vanaspati were made using palm oil‐palm stearin‐palm olein (PO‐POs‐POo) blends (set A) and another four samples (set B) using palm oil‐palm stearin‐palm kernel olein (PO‐POs‐PKOo). Palm stearin iodine value [iodine value (IV), 30] and soft palm stearin (IV, 44) were used in this study. The products were evaluated for their physical and chemical properties. It was observed that most of the vanaspati were granular (grainy) and had a shiny appearance. Chemical analyses indicated that vanaspati consisting of PO‐POs‐POo had higher IV (47.7–52.4) than the PO‐POs‐PKOo vanaspati (37.5–47.3). The higher IV demonstrated by set A samples was due to their higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, 46.0–50.0% compared to 36.6–45.0% in set B. Decreasing the amount of palm oil while increasing palm stearin in the formulations resulted in higher slip melting points and higher yield values. Eutectic interaction was observed in PO‐POs‐PKOo blends. The β′ crystalline form was predominent in PO‐POs‐POo samples (set A). One formulation in set B exhibited β crystallinity. From the differential scanning calorimetry thermograms, samples in set B showed a high peak at the low‐melting region as well as a high peak at the high‐melting region. In set A, the peak at the low‐melting region was relatively lower.
Unique gene organization of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i> (1995)

The thioredoxin system comprising thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TR) and NADPH operates via redox-active disulphides and provides electrons for a wide variety of different metabolic processes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Thioredoxin is also a general protein disulphide reductase involved in redox regulation. In bacteria, the Trx and TR proteins previously identified were encoded by separate genes (trxA and trxB). In this study, we report a novel genomic organization of TR and Trx in mycobacteria and show that at least three modes of organization of TR and Trx genes can exist within a single bacterial genus: (i) in the majority of mycobacterial strains the genes coding for TR and Trx are located on separate sites of the genome; (ii) interestingly, in all pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex mycobacteria both genes are found on the same locus, overlapping in one nucleotide; (iii) in the pathogen Mycobacterium leprae, TR and Trx are encoded by a single gene. Sequence analysis of the M. leprae gene demonstrated that the N-terminal part of the protein corresponds to TR and the C-terminal part to Trx. A corresponding single protein product of approximately 49 kDa was detected in cell extracts of M. leprae. These findings demonstrate the very unusual phenomenon of a single gene coding for both the substrate (thioredoxin) and the enzyme (thioredoxin reductase), which seems to be unique to M. leprae.
Wireless Powering and the Study of RF Propagation Through Ocular Tissue for Development of Implantable Sensors (2011)

This paper evaluates RF powering techniques, and corresponding propagation through tissue, to supply wireless-energy for miniature implantable devices used to monitor physical-conditions in real-time. To improve efficiencies an impulsive powering technique is used with short duty-cycle high instantaneous-power-bursts, which biases the rectifier in its nonlinear regime while maintaining low average input-powers. The RF rectifier consists of a modified two-stage voltage multiplier which produces the necessary turn-on voltage for standard low-power CMOS systems while supplying the required current levels. The rectifier, fabricated on the TI 130 nm CMOS process, measures 215 μm × 265 μm, and is integrated with an antenna to quantify wireless performance of the power transfer. In-vivo studies performed on New Zealand white rabbits demonstrate the ability of implanted CMOS RF rectifiers to produce 1 V across a 27 kΩ load at a distance of 5 cm with a transmit-power of just over 1.5 W. Using a pulsed-powering technique, the circuit generates just under 0.9 V output with an average transmit-power of 300 mW. The effects of implantation on the propagation of RF powering waves are quantified and demonstrated to be surmountable, allowing for the ability to supply a low-power wireless sensor through a miniature rectifier IC.
Concentration of Metallothionein in Malignant and Non-Malignant Tissues in Human Liver (1984)

By measuring concentrations of MT (metallothionein) and Zn in both malignant and non-malignant tissue of human liver, the following results were obtained. 1. MT concentration of non-malignant tissue in human liver was high and the data were 197, 538 and 552 μg/g. 2. The mean value of MT concentration in malignant tissue of human liver was 30.4 μg/g. 3. Between Zn concentration (x μg/g) and MT concentration (y μg/g) in the liver, a strong positive correlation (r=0.970) was observed. Its regression formula was y=-129+13.1x. The above results showed that MT concentration in human liver decreases by canceration.
The Fluid-Compensated Cement Bond Log (1986)

Summary Simulations of cement bond logging (CBL) have shown that wellbore fluid effects can be segregated from sonic-signal response to changing cement strengths. Traditionally, the effects have been considered negligible and the CBL's have been interpreted as if water were in the wellbore. However, large variations in CBL's have become apparent with the increasing number of logs run in completion fluids, such as CaCl2, ZnBr2, and CaBr2. To study wellbore fluid effects, physical and numerical models were developed that simulated the wellbore geometry. Measurements were conducted in 5-, 7-, and 9⅝-in. casings for a range of wellbore fluid types and for both densities and viscosities. Parallel numerical modeling used similar parameters. Results show that bond-log amplitudes varied dramatically with the wellbore fluid acoustic impedance—i.e., there was a 70% increase in signal amplitudes for 11.5 lbm/gal (1370-kg/m3) CaCl2 over the signal amplitude in water. This led to the development of a fluid-compensated bond log that corrects the amplitude for acoustic impedance of various wellbore fluids, thereby making the measurements more directly related to the cement quality.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and social support in patients with ovarian carcinoma (2002)

Higher levels of social well being were correlated with lower VEGF levels in presurgical patients with ovarian carcinoma. These findings suggest a possible mechanism by which poor social support may be associated with disease progression. Further study of these relations may demonstrate novel pathways relating biobehavioral factors to tumor growth and disease progression.
Vibrating capacitor: applications in the research of semiconductor gas sensors (2006)

Adsorption usually results in work function shifts on catalytically active surfaces such as semiconductor gas sensors. That is why the vibrating capacitor method is such a valuable tool for investigating gas sensor materials. The article summarises the capabilities of the vibrating capacitor from the simplest, adsorption induced work-function tests to the scanning vibrating capacitor yielded olfactory pictures and chemical pictures. After the brief summary, the latest results are discussed in detail, such as olfactory pictures from semiconductor surfaces, chemical pictures from thin SnO/sub 2/ layer produced by atomic layer epitaxy, and chemical pictures from Pd nanolayer (activator) covered surfaces.
Electrostatically Focused Radial-Beam Tube (1948)

The addition of the electrostatic field between coaxial cylinders to a uniform electrostatic field provides the correct properties for focusing a beam of electrons in the positive direction of the uniform field. In the electrostatically focused radial-beam tube, this combination of fields produces a single radial electron beam which may be rotated by rotating the uniform component of the combined fields. The center coaxial electrode may be either the cathode or a grid surrounding the cathode, and the outer coaxial electrode is broken up into segments to which polyphase potentials are app ied. At any instant these polyphase potentials produce an approximation to a uniform field which rotates at the cyclic frequency of the poly-phase potentials. A number of tubes have been made incorporating these principles. Details are given of such a tube with twelve anodes and twelve associated control grids which is no larger than an ordinary radio receiving tube. The beam current is of the order of 1 ma and the frequency of rotation is limited only by the inductance and capacitance of the elements of the tube. This tube is an inertialess distributor with applications to time-division multiplex, telemetering, remote control, and other high-speed switching functions.
Lack of TRPV1 inhibits cystitis-induced increased mechanical sensitivity in mice (2008)

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is highly expressed in primary afferent neurons. Tissue damage generates an array of chemical mediators that activate and sensitize afferent nerve fibers, and sensitization of afferent nerve fibers plays an important role in development of visceral pain. We investigated participation of TRPV1 in visceral pain associated with bladder inflammation induced in mice by systemic treatment with cyclophosphamide or intravesical instillation of acrolein. The effects of experimental cystitis on bladder function (an indicator of visceral pain) and the threshold of response to mechanical or thermal stimuli of the hind paws were investigated using TRPV1 knock-out (KO) and congenic wild-type (WT) mice. We found that cystitis induced bladder mechanical hyperreactivity and increased mechanical sensitivity of hind paws in WT, but not in TRPV1 KO mice. Lack of functional TRPV1 did not inhibit development of histological evidence of bladder inflammation, or increased expression of mRNAs for nerve growth factor, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and bradykinin receptors in urothelium. Cystitis did not affect the threshold of response to thermal stimuli in WT or KO mice. These results suggest that TRPV1 is essential for cystitis-induced bladder mechanical hyperreactivity. Also, TRPV1 participates in development of visceral pain, as reflected by referred increased mechanosensitivity in peripheral tissues in the presence of visceral inflammation.
Uranium(iv) complexes of calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6 and 8) (2006)

Reaction of UCl4 with calix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6 and 8) in THF or pyridine gave the mononuclear [UCl2(calix[4]arene--2H)(THF)2], bis-binuclear [U2Cl2(calix[6]arene--6H)(THF)3]2 and trinuclear [Hpy]6[U3Cl11(calix[8]arene--7H)] complexes, respectively, which are the first U(IV) complexes of O-unsubstituted calixarenes.
Head pose estimation using both color and feature information (2002)

Describes a method to estimate the three-dimensional pose of a human head in a single image. An efficient method based on a perceptually uniform color system and fuzzy theory is used to extract the skin region and the hair region from an image, which are then used to detect the face and to estimate the approximate pose of it. The viewable facial features and the positions of them are then predicted with the head pose. The facial features are detected within the predicted region, which are then used to estimate the 3D pose of the head.
Ion Conduction and Selectivity in K<sup>+</sup> Channels (2005)

Potassium (K(+)) channels are tetrameric membrane-spanning proteins that provide a selective pore for the conductance of K(+) across the cell membranes. These channels are most remarkable in their ability to discriminate K(+) from Na(+) by more than a thousandfold and conduct at a throughput rate near diffusion limit. The recent progress in the structural characterization of K(+) channel provides us with a unique opportunity to understand their function at the atomic level. With their ability to go beyond static structures, molecular dynamics simulations based on atomic models can play an important role in shaping our view of how ion channels carry out their function. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most important findings from experiments and computations and to highlight a number of fundamental mechanistic questions about ion conduction and selectivity that will require further work.
REPLACEMENT OF METHOXYL GROUPS IN p-METHOXYARYL KETONES BY THE ACTION OF THE GRIGNARD REAGENT (1948)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTREPLACEMENT OF METHOXYL GROUPS IN p-METHOXYARYL KETONES BY THE ACTION OF THE GRIGNARD REAGENTREYNOLD C. FUSON and RUSSELL GAERTNERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1948, 13, 4, 496–501Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1948Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1948https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01162a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01162a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Optical And Digital Processing Techniques In A Machine Vision Metrology System (1989)

Described here are the optical and image processing aspects of a computer vision system for automated precision measurement of manufactured objects. A multi-magnification, multi-path telecentric imaging system with multiple illumination sources provides broad utility. A general method of deriving digital filters for image analysis is presented.
Metabolism of hCG and hLH to multiple urinary forms (1996)

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is synthesized primarily in the placenta while human luteinizing hormone (hLH) is produced in the pituitary. Both hormones are highly homologous in structure and both appear to be altered to analogous molecular forms as the hormones are proteolytically processed, or metabolized, from tissue of origin, through the circulation, and finally to the urine. Placental hCG is excreted into urine as heterodimeric hormone, heterodimeric nicked hCG, free subunits (some nicked), and predominantly as the hCG beta core fragment. A pituitary form of heterodimeric hCG, which is partly sulfated as is pituitary hLH, was recently isolated and is likely the form of hCG observed in the urine of healthy postmenopausal women and nonpregnant premenopausal women as well. A pituitary form of the hLH beta core fragment, highly analogous in structure to that of urinary hCG beta core fragment, has been used to develop specific monoclonal antibody assays to measure urinary hLH beta core fragment which is excreted at significantly higher molar concentrations than is hLH in the urine of ovulating women 1 or 2 days after the LH surge. This fragment of LH appears in the urine of postmenopausal women as well. The development of the capability to distinguish the hCG beta core fragment from the hLH beta core fragment in urine may have useful applications in tumor marker assays, pregnancy tests, and menopause. While hCG urinary assays have been widely employed, urinary assays for hCG and hLH metabolites are much less used since the urinary molecular forms are only partly known. Our studies of hCG and hLH urinary metabolites are directed towards improvement of the utility of urinary measurements of molecules derived from these hormones. Since many of the molecular forms of these two hormones in urine differ from their forms in blood, it may be necessary to produce new immunoassays as well as novel urinary reference preparations to accurately measure these molecules within their urinary matrix.
Field Effect of Screened Charges: Electrical Detection of Peptides and Proteins by a Thin‐Film Resistor (2006)

For many biotechnological applications the label-free detection of biomolecular interactions is becoming of outstanding importance. In this Article we report the direct electrical detection of small peptides and proteins by their intrinsic charges using a biofunctionalized thin-film resistor. The label-free selective and quantitative detection of small peptides and proteins is achieved using hydrophobized silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates functionalized with lipid membranes that incorporate metal-chelating lipids. The response of the nanometer-thin conducting silicon film to electrolyte screening effects is taken into account to determine quantitatively the charges of peptides. It is even possible to detect peptides with a single charge and to distinguish single charge variations of the analytes even in physiological electrolyte solutions. As the device is based on standard semiconductor technologies, parallelization and miniaturization of the SOI-based biosensor is achievable by standard CMOS technologies and thus a promising basis for high-throughput screening or biotechnological applications.