gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new continuum model for suspensions of gyrotactic micro-organisms (1990)

A new continuum model is formulated for dilute suspensions of swimming micro-organisms with asymmetric mass distributions. Account is taken of randomness in a cell's swimming direction, p, by postulating that the probability density function for p satisfies a Fokker-Planck equation analogous to that obtained for colloid suspensions in the presence of rotational Brownian motion. The deterministic torques on a cell, viscous and gravitational, are balanced by diffusion, represented by an isotropic rotary diffusivity Dr, which is unknown a priori, but presumably reflects stochastic influences on the cell's internal workings. When the Fokker-Planck equation is solved, macroscopic quantities such as the average cell velocity Vc, the particle diffusivity tensor D and the effective stress tensor sigma can be computed; Vc and D are required in the cell conservation equation, and sigma in the momentum equation. The Fokker-Planck equation contains two dimensionless parameters, lambda and epsilon; lambda is the ratio of the rotary diffusion time Dr-1 to the torque relaxation time B (balancing gravitational and viscous torques), while epsilon is a scale for the local vorticity or strain rate made dimensionless with B. In this paper we solve the Fokker-Planck equation exactly for epsilon = 0 (lambda arbitrary) and also obtain the first-order solution for small epsilon. Using experimental data on Vc and D obtained with the swimming alga, Chlamydomonas nivalis, in the absence of bulk flow, the epsilon = 0 results can be used to estimate the value of lambda for that species (lambda approximately 2.2; Dr approximately 0.13 s-1). The continuum model for small epsilon is then used to reanalyse the instability of a uniform suspension, previously investigated by Pedley, Hill & Kessler (1988). The only qualitatively different result is that there no longer seem to be circumstances in which disturbances with a non-zero vertical wavenumber are more unstable than purely horizontal disturbances. On the way, it is demonstrated that the only significant contribution to sigma, other than the basic Newtonian stress, is that derived from the stresslets associated with the cells' intrinsic swimming motions.
Why did he say it? (1989)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Fabrication of Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O films by annealing rf-sputtered Ba-Ca-Cu-O films in thallium oxide vapors (1990)

Thin, superconducting Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O films were grown using a two-step fabrication process which involved the growth of Ba-Ca-Cu-O films by reactive magnetron sputtering followed by ex situ high-temperature crystallization and thallination under thallium oxide vapors. Films were thallinated with both Tl2O3 and Tl2Ba2CuO6 as the source for thallium oxide vapors. Highly oriented films were obtained with the c axis perpendicular to the surface of the film. Best films had a Tc (R=0) of 104 K and a critical current density of 5×104 A/cm2 at 77 K.
Nucleotide sequence and mutational analysis of an immunity repressor gene from<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>temperate phage ø105 (1985)

We have identified and sequenced a bacteriophage phi 105 gene encoding an immunity repressor, the first to be characterized from a temperate phage infecting a Gram-positive host. Using superinfection immunity as an assay for repressor function, the phi 105 repressor gene was located within a 740-bp PvuII-HindIII subfragment near the left end of the phi 105 EcoRI-F fragment. We show that the repressor is specified by the 5'-proximal coding sequence of a translationally overlapping gene pair, transcribed from right to left on the conventional phi 105 map. Comparison of its amino acid sequence (146 residues) with that of a large number of Gram-negative bacterial and phage repressors revealed a putative DNA-binding region between positions 20 and 39. The coding region is preceded by a strong Shine-Dalgarno sequence 5' AAAGGAG 3'. Deletion analysis of the 5'-flanking DNA allowed to identify transcriptional control elements. Their structure, 5' TTGTAT 3' at -35 and 5' TATAAT 3' at -10, strongly suggests that the phi 105 repressor gene is transcribed by the major vegetative form of B. subtilis RNA polymerase, as would be expected for an early phage gene.
New ether-linked ferulic acid-coniferyl alcohol dimers identified in grass straws. (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew ether-linked ferulic acid-coniferyl alcohol dimers identified in grass straws.Geraldine Jacquet, Brigitte Pollet, Catherine Lapierre, Farida Mhamdi, and Christian RolandoCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1995, 43, 10, 2746–2751Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00058a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00058a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views865Altmetric-Citations132LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the nuclear magnetic resonance detection characteristics of marginal and Robinson oscillators (1971)

General expressions are obtained for the response of a steady-state oscillator to nuclear magnetic resonance. In particular, it is shown that the amplitude modulation and frequency modulation both give a mixture of chi ' and chi ". In the fm case, the chi " contribution depends on the 'dephasing' of the feedback current and may be quite large in practice, especially at high frequencies. In the am case, the chi ' contribution is normally small (<or approximately=1%) but may be much larger for low Q oscillators. Excellent agreement between experiment and theory is obtained using a specially constructed Robinson oscillator.
Deep trench isolation for a 50 V 0.35 μm based smart power technology (2004)

This paper describes the development of a deep trench isolation module for a new 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS based smart power technology as well-as some major devices taking advantage of the features offered. by this deep trench isolation. The so-called I3T50 technology belongs to the third generation of intelligent interface technologies developed within AMI Semiconductor over the past years. This newest technology is suitable for applications up to 50 V, such as automotive, peripheral, industrial and consumer applications. Trench isolation is used to isolate the devices, hereby substantially reducing the isolation area. A full device library has been released within this technology (n-type and p-type CMOS and DMOS devices, bipolar transistors, high voltage floating diodes, passive components, OTP memory and a set of ESD protection structures).
Growth and silicon doping of AlGaN films in the entire alloy composition by molecular beam epitaxy (2005)

In this paper we report the growth and Silicon doping of AlGaN films in the entire alloy composition by RF-plasma-assisted MBE. The films (0.7 to 0.8 µm thick) were grown with the (0001) polarity on C-plane sapphire substrates using a thin AlN buffer and were doped n-type with the silicon cell at a constant temperature (1200 °C). The composition and the structure of the films were determined by XRD, the silicon and oxygen impurities were determined by SIMS measurements, and the transport coefficients were obtained from Hall effect measurements. The FWHM of the on- and off-axis XRD rocking curves indicate that the microstructure of the films is better at low AlN mole fraction (<20%) and high AlN mole fraction (>70%). The resistivity of the films varies from 10–3 to 25 Ω.cm as the AlN mole fraction increases from 0 to 96%. Reliable Hall effect measurements were carried out in films with up to 77% Al and were found to be degenerately n-type doped with room temperature carrier concentration varying from 1 × 1020 to 7.7 × 1018 cm–3 as the AlN mole fraction increased from 0 to 77%. Correspondingly, the electron mobility is reduced by almost an order of magnitude, a result which is consistent with alloy scattering. The effective mass of some of the samples was determined by combining infrared reflectivity and Hall Effect measurements and these data were used to determine the Si ionization energies. We concluded that the Si is the main donor in the entire alloy composition and that the gradual reduction of conductivity with Al content is due to the increase of the Si ionization energy. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Superconductivity in Ultrathin Nb<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Se</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>Layers (1972)

The superconducting resistive transition of the layer compound Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ has been observed for crystals a few layers thick. The ${T}_{c}$ decreases as the crystal thickness is reduced below six Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ layers, and a ${T}_{c}$ of 3.8\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K is predicted for a single layer. No significant increase in the transition width is observed as the number of Nb${\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ layers is reduced. The results are compared to recent work on intercalated layer compounds.
Regulated Expression of a <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Heat Shock Locus after Stable Integration in a <i>Drosophila hydei</i> Cell Line (1985)

DNA-mediated cotransformation has been used to transfer a Drosophila melanogaster heat shock locus into cultured Drosophila hydei cells by use of the copia-based selectable vector pCV2gpt and of pMH10A, a cloned 87A7 heat shock locus encoding a mutant heat shock protein (hsp). Transformed lines contain between 50 and 200 copies of both plasmids, each separately organized as a head-to-tail concatemer which is stably maintained in the transformed lines. Exposure of the cotransformants to heat shock temperatures induces the regulated expression of the hsp RNA and the mutant hsp in all the lines analyzed.
NEUTRON, GAMMA MEASUREMENTS FOR IN-PILE POWER MONITORING (1958)

Neutron and gamma -ray monitors have been developed for use inside reactors. The gamma -ray monitor is a miniature ion chamber with an insulation of synthetic sapphire. The neutron monitor uses a thermocouple to measure the heat generated by (n,p) reactions in U. An alloy button formed from U and Al is welded to the Al jacket of the thermocouple. Both monitors performed satisfactorily in inpile tests. (J.S.R.)
Neutral Sphingomyelinase-2 Deficiency Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Improves Cognition in the 5XFAD Mouse (2016)

We present for the first time evidence, using Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice deficient in neural exosome secretion due to lack of neutral sphingomyelinase-2 function, that ceramide-enriched exosomes exacerbate AD-related pathologies and cognitive deficits. Our results provide rationale to pursue a means of inhibiting exosome secretion as a potential therapy for individuals at risk for developing AD.
Flowering and determinacy in maize (2007)

All plant organs are produced by meristems, groups of stem cells located in the tips of roots and shoots. Indeterminate meristems make an indefinite number of organs, whereas determinate meristems are consumed after making a specific number of organs. Maize is an ideal system to study the genetic control of meristem fate because of the contribution from determinate and indeterminate meristems to the overall inflorescence. Here, the latest work on meristem maintenance and organ specification in maize is reviewed. Genetic networks, such as the CLAVATA components of meristem maintenance and the ABC programme of flower development, are conserved between grasses and eudicots. Maize and rice appear to have conserved mechanisms of meristem maintenance and organ identity. Other pathways, such as sex determination, are likely to be found only in maize with its separate male and female flowers. A rich genetic history has resulted in a large collection of maize mutants. The advent of genomic tools and synteny across the grasses now permits the isolation of the genes behind inflorescence architecture and the ability to compare function across the Angiosperms.
Optical in situ monitoring of silicon diaphragm thickness during wet etching (1995)

We have developed a method for in situ monitoring silicon diaphragm thickness during wet chemical etching. The principle of the thickness measurement is multiple-beam interference spectroscopy. This interference is caused by the multiple reflection at both surfaces of the silicon diaphragm. The interference spectrum was observed in the near-infrared region of the spectrum, from 800 nm to 1000 nm. This range is determined by the absorption spectra of silicon and etchant, and by the spectral sensitivity of the photomultiplier. Two monitoring systems, that is, a transmission system and a reflection system, were developed. Using these systems, diaphragm thicknesses from 2 mu m to 20 mu m could be monitored. The reflection system was developed to avoid the effect of bubble generation. Thickness non-uniformity reduces the contrast of the interference spectrum. In order to solve this problem, the area illuminated by the focused light has to be reduced, and the sensitivity of the photodetector has to be high.
Isolation of Monoclonal Antibody Charge Variants by Displacement Chromatography (2012)

This unit discusses the important parameters in designing and optimizing a separation of monoclonal antibody (mAb) charge variants from process streams by ion-exchange displacement chromatography, including sample preparation and selection of matrix, column, and appropriate buffer. A protocol is provided for determination of optimal column binding and displacement conditions, including cleaning and regeneration of the displacement columns.
Seasonal Variation of Lipids and Fatty Acids of the Microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata Grown in Outdoor Large-Scale Photobioreactors (2012)

While focus in oil-producing microalgae is normally on nutrient deficiency, we addressed the seasonal variations of lipid content and composition in large-scale cultivation. Lipid content, fatty acid profiles and mono- di- and triglycerides (MAGs, DAGs, and TAGs) were analyzed during May 2007–May 2009 in Nannochloropsis oculata grown outdoors in closed vertical flat panels photobioreactors. Total lipids (TL) ranged from 11% of dry weight (DW) in winter to 30% of DW in autumn. 50% of the variation in TL could be explained by light and temperature. As the highest lipid content was recorded during autumn indicating an optimal, non-linear, response to light and temperature we hypothesize that enhanced thylakoid stacking under reduced light conditions resulted in more structural lipids, concomitantly with the increase in glycerides due to released photo-oxidative stress. The relative amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) increased during autumn. This suggested a synthesis, either of structural fatty acids as MUFA, or a relative increase of C16:1 incorporated into TAGs and DAGs. Our results emphasize the significant role of environmental conditions governing lipid content and composition in microalgae that have to be considered for correct estimation of algal oil yields in biodiesel production.
Ball‐on‐Ring Test Revisited (1989)

A literature survey indicates that the ball‐on‐ring test is the best biaxial strength testing method. There is, however, some controversy in the calculation of the strength. In this communication, the theroretical controversy of the ball‐on‐ring test is resolved by strain and deflection analysis. Consequently, the ball‐on‐ring test can be used as a reliable method for testing the strength of flat brittle specimens.
Electrostatic micro- and nanoencapsulation and electroemulsification: A brief review (2008)

Electrospraying is a method of liquid atomization that utilizes electrical forces to overcome the surface tension force. The droplets obtained by electrospraying are charged and for certain modes can be nanometers in size. The charge and size of the droplets can be controlled to some extent by liquid flow rate and the voltage applied to the nozzle. In recent years, electrospraying was tested as a 'bottom-up' technology for building nanostructures from elementary components obtained from fine droplets or submicron jets after solvent evaporation, such as thin films, nanoparticles or nanofibres. It was also tested as a tool for the production of micro- and nanoemulsions and micro- and nanocapsules. Research in this field was aimed at developing new drug delivery systems or medicine production and application of this technique in cosmetic and food industries. Electro-encapsulation was also used as a tool for nanocomposite materials fabrication. The paper reviews various methods based on electrospraying used for electro-emulsification and micro- and nanoencapsulation. Numerous scientific and engineering contributions in this field are presented in this paper.
ASIC technology applied to SONET multiplex, transmission, and cross-connect equipment (2002)

The author explores the issues involved in implementing the SONET format using ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) technology. Rather than describing specific devices, he focuses on the types of circuitry necessary to implement a single channel of a SONET system. This is done in order to give an idea of the differences between SONET and the asynchronous network and of the issues involves in using ASIC technology. The information presented is derived from the development of several ASICs used in a variety of SONET systems, including a multiplexer, a high-capacity transmission system, and a digital cross-connect system. The characteristics of these devices are used to expand upon the unique features of SONET from a circuit point of view. Opportunities for macros are presented along with key issues encountered in the development of SONET circuitry using ASIC technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pentagons: A weakly relational domain for the efficient validation of array accesses (2008)

We introduce Pentagons (Pentagons ), a weakly relational numerical abstract domain useful for the validation of array accesses in byte-code and intermediate languages (IL). This abstract domain captures properties of the form of x in [a, b] && x The goal of Pentagons is to be a lightweight numerical domain useful for adaptive static analysis, where Pentagons is used to quickly prove the safety of most array accesses, restricting the use of more precise (but also more expensive) domains to only a small fraction of the code. We implemented the Pentagons abstract domain in Clousot, a generic abstract interpreter for .NET assemblies. Using it, we were able to validate 83% of array accesses in the core runtime library mscorlib.dll in less than 8 minutes.
Molecular and genetic basis of sudden cardiac death (2013)

The abrupt cessation of effective cardiac function due to an aberrant heart rhythm can cause sudden and unexpected death at any age, a syndrome called sudden cardiac death (SCD). Annually, more than 300,000 cases of SCD occur in the United States alone, making this a major public health concern. Our current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for SCD has emerged from decades of basic science investigation into the normal electrophysiology of the heart, the molecular physiology of cardiac ion channels, fundamental cellular and tissue events associated with cardiac arrhythmias, and the molecular genetics of monogenic disorders of heart rhythm. This knowledge has helped shape the current diagnosis and treatment of inherited arrhythmia susceptibility syndromes associated with SCD and has provided a pathophysiological framework for understanding more complex conditions predisposing to this tragic event. This Review presents an overview of the molecular basis of SCD, with a focus on monogenic arrhythmia syndromes.
Specific suppression of antibody production in young rabbit kits after maternal ingestion of bovine serum albumin. (1981)

Abstract Passive transfer of antibody across the placenta or in milk has been thought to have a regulatory effect on the immune responsiveness of young animals. Since most natural immune responses are initiated by exposure to antigen at mucosal surfaces, the regulatory effect of maternal antibody on the systemic immune responses of rabbit kits was studied after ingestion and injection of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Serum and milk obtained during the 30-day nursing period from female rabbits fed 0.1% BSA either before or during pregnancy contained varying amounts of anti-BSA, primarily of the IgG isotype. Kits born to BSA-fed dams were fed BSA (p.o. immunized) for 10 or 52 days beginning at 20 days of age. Control kits from 3 unimmunized dams and from a dam immunized i.v. were similarly fed BSA. The concentrations of circulating anti-BSA during p.o. immunization in 20 kits born to unimmunized dams approximated those in p.o.-immunized adult rabbits. In contrast, 55 kits from dams fed BSA, including 20 kits of mothers with no detectable anti-BSA in either serum or milk, synthesized little or no circulating anti-BSA during or after p.o. immunization. Kits born to an i.v.-immunized dam had high circulating concentrations of passively acquired anti-BSA, but they responded to p.o. immunization as well as the kits of the unimmunized dams. Similarly, anti-BSA passively acquired from p.o.-immunized mothers did not alter the suppressed responses of kits to BSA ingestion. Circulating antibody concentrations after a parenteral injection of BSA given at 73 days of age were also significantly reduced in the p.o.-immunized kits born to p.o.-immunized dams compared with those of kits from the i.v.-immunized or unimmunized dams (p &lt; 0.001). This hyporesponsiveness did not correlate with amounts of anti-BSA in either the serum or breast milk of the respective dams, exposure of the dam to BSA during pregnancy, or the amounts of passively acquired anti-BSA detected in the kits. Immune responses to an injection of diphtheria toxoid were unaffected by this suppression of the response to BSA.