gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prototype development for secure public instant messaging (IM) at work (2024)

This report details the development of a secure messaging add-on for use on public Instant Messaging (IM) networks. It is a continuation of the project discussed in [25]. Due to sociopolitical and monetary reasons, the growth of secure enterprise IM systems has not kept pace with the use of insecure public IM systems. A solution to this problem is to develop a free prototype that is able to secure communications over a public IM network, using a set of guidelines for information security and IM network compatibility. The prototype was able to successfully integrate with a third party IM client and conduct an encrypted session over the MSN Messenger Network. With more development and testing the prototype could become a viable option for use as a secure IM add-on.
Theory of Coupled Harmonics and Its Application to Resonant and Non-Resonant Electro-Optic Modulators (2020)

We present a unified theory for analyzing the frequency conversion between an RF voltage and an optical carrier in an electro-optic modulator. Our new approach results in the electro-optic coupled harmonic equation (EOCHE) that encompasses the electro-optic behavior of common types of modulators (lumped, traveling wave, and resonant) and effortlessly provides closed-form solutions for the small-signal frequency response and the large-signal intermodulation effects. In particular, the small-signal electro-optic frequency responses of lumped and traveling-wave Mach--Zehnder modulators, and resonant microring modulators are derived. We show that the concept of velocity-mismatch only applies to special cases when designing traveling-wave modulators. Therefore, to generalize the design of electro-optic modulators we propose a universal concept called the “effective RF phase” that governs how the optical power is exchanged between different RF harmonics of light. Using the EOCHE, we also propose a generalization of the widely used transfer matrix method for photonic circuits to fully capture the RF mixing effects in integrated photonic circuits, which is analogous to the steady-state AC analysis of electrical circuits. The simplicity and versatility of our approach make it a holistic tool for designing high-speed electro-optic modulators.
Diffusion of Boron in Graphite (1965)

The mobility of substitutional boron in single crystals of graphite has been measured by an etch-decoration method, which makes it possible to locate individual boron atoms by electron microscopy. The mobility of boron is not very sensitive to the boron concentration, for B/C values between 10−2 and 10−8. The diffusion constants measured between 1700° and 2400°C are 6320 exp(−157 000/RT) for motion parallel to the layer planes and 7.1 exp(−153 000/RT) for motion perpendicular to the layers.
The role of phosphatidylcholine in fatty acid exchange and desaturation in Brassica napus L. leaves (2000)

The role of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in fatty acid exchange and desaturation was examined and compared with that of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in Brassica napus leaves using 14C-labelling in vivo. Data are presented which indicate that in the chloroplast newly formed saturated (palmitic acid, 16:0) and monounsaturated (oleic acid, 18:1) fatty acid is incorporated into MGDG and desaturated in situ. In the non-plastidic compartments, however, newly formed fatty acid is exchanged with polyunsaturated fatty acid in PC, the probable major site of subsequent desaturation. The unsaturated fatty acid is released to the acyl-CoA pool, which is then used to synthesize diacylglycerol (DAG) containing a high level of unsaturated fatty acid. This highly unsaturated DAG may be the source for the biosynthesis of other cellular glycerolipids. The generally accepted pathway in which PC is synthesized from molecular species of DAG containing 16:0 and 18:1 followed by desaturation of the 18:1 to linoleic (18:2) and linolenic (18:3) acids is questioned.
Brain Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging in Children Exposed to Cocaine in Utero (2001)

Consistent with findings in abstinent adult cocaine users, we found increased Cr in the frontal white matter, with normal NA in children exposed to cocaine. These findings suggest the need to investigate further possible abnormalities of energy metabolism in the brain of children exposed to cocaine in utero. In addition, this study demonstrates the feasibility of using (1)H-MRS to investigate the effects of prenatal drug exposure on the developing brain.
Manufacture and Use of Pyridine and Its Derivatives (1983)

l u a t i d e r .Cycloadoition of p y r i o i n i ~n oetaines.h -v i n v l o v r i d i n i m carions.~yridi.n\;my l i d s and p y r i d i n e s t a b i l i z e d carbanions.Displacement reactions on pyridinium cations.Elimination reactions dihydropyridines.Intramolecular rearrangement of pyridinium cations.
Engine Oil Formulation Technology to Prevent Pre-ignition in Turbocharged Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines (2015)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Engine oil formulation is known to affect low speed pre-ignition (LSPI), which creates technical restrictions on downsized turbocharged engines. Calcium, which is used to ensure detergency and anti-rust performance, is reported to increase LSPI events. Therefore, new formulation technologies are needed to satisfy both LSPI prevention performance and other conventional performance areas.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The authors focused on two approaches: enhancement of LSPI prevention performance by adding a booster component and substitution of calcium for a less reactive component to balance performance areas including LSPI prevention. We have verified the effectiveness of these approaches by increasing the dosage of molybdenum used as a friction modifier as well as replacing calcium detergent with a magnesium detergent. These formulation strategies can be applicable for future ILSAC GF-6 engine oil, where a specification for LSPI prevention performance is expected to be implemented.</div></div>
Tracking People by Detection Using CNN Features (2017)

Multiple people tracking is an important task for surveillance. Recently, tracking by detection methods had emerged as immediate effect of deep learning remarkable achievements in object detection. In this paper, we use Faster-RCNN for detection and compare two methods for object association. The first method is simple Euclidean distance and the second is more complicated Siamese neural network. The experiment result show that simple Euclidean distance gives promising result as object association method, but it depends heavily on the robustness of detection process on individual frames
Micro interaction metrics for defect prediction (2011)

There is a common belief that developers' behavioral interaction patterns may affect software quality. However, widely used defect prediction metrics such as source code metrics, change churns, and the number of previous defects do not capture developers' direct interactions. We propose 56 novel micro interaction metrics (MIMs) that leverage developers' interaction information stored in the Mylyn data. Mylyn is an Eclipse plug-in, which captures developers' interactions such as file editing and selection events with time spent. To evaluate the performance of MIMs in defect prediction, we build defect prediction (classification and regression) models using MIMs, traditional metrics, and their combinations. Our experimental results show that MIMs significantly improve defect classification and regression accuracy.
The stereoselective synthesis of aziridine analogues of diaminopimelic acid (DAP) and their interaction with dap epimerase (2005)

Aziridine analogues of diaminopimelic acid (DAP) have been prepared stereoselectively for the first time and evaluated as inhibitors of DAP epimerase. (2R,3S,3'S)-3-(3'-Aminopropane)aziridine-2,3'-dicarboxylate was synthesised and shown to be a reversible inhibitor of DAP epimerase with an IC(50) value of 2.88 mM. (2S,4S)- and (2S,4R)-2-(4-Amino-4-carboxybutyl)aziridine-2-carboxylic acid (ll-azi-DAP and dl-azi-DAP ) were made as pure diastereomers, and both were shown to be irreversible inhibitors of DAP epimerase. ll-Azi-DAP selectively binds to Cys-73 of the enzyme active site whereas dl-azi-DAP binds to Cys-217 via attack of sulfhydryl on the methylene of the inhibitor aziridine ring. These observations are consistent with the two base mechanism proposed for the epimerization of ll-DAP and meso-DAP by DAP epimerase.
Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane: an efficient hydrosilylating agent of alkenes and alkynes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTris(trimethylsilyl)silane: an efficient hydrosilylating agent of alkenes and alkynesB. Kopping, C. Chatgilialoglu, M. Zehnder, and B. GieseCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 14, 3994–4000Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00040a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1928Altmetric-Citations166LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A phase II trial of partially incompatible bone marrow transplantation for high‐risk acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children: prevention of graft rejection with anti‐LFA‐1 and anti‐CD2 antibodies (1996)

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from matched sibling donors has been useful for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children with a poor prognosis but is not available to more than two-thirds of patients who do not have a matched allogeneic donor. This study was undertaken to assess one strategy of marrow graft rejection prevention when alternative marrow sources such as HLA-phenoidentical unrelated volunteers and HLA-partially incompatible relatives were used. Results have been compared with two matched groups of children with the same risks factors and disease status who underwent HLA-genoidentical or autologous BMT. The conditioning regimen was the same for the three groups of patients; in the study group anti-LFA-1 and anti-CD2 monoclonal antibodies combined with T-cell depletion of the marrow was added to prevent graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Nineteen patients were included and followed for a median of 25 months (14 months to 3 years). Bone marrow engraftment occurred in 83% of the evaluable patients. Post-transplantation infectious diseases were the most frequent causes of death in the study group, occurring in 31% of patients. No fatal infections occurred in the two control groups. Post-transplantation relapse of leukaemia occurred in 26% of study group's patients, in 58% of autologous BMT control group's patients and 5% of HLA-genoidentical allogeneic group's patients. The event-free survival was 83% in the HLA-genoidentical control group, and 30% and 24% in the study group and in the autologous control group, respectively. In conclusion, a high rate of engraftment was achieved by the use of anti-LFA-1 and anti CD2 antibodies. Occurrence of a long-lasting immunodeficiency, however, led to a high incidence of lethal infections and relapses. Combined approaches are therefore to be investigated accelerating immune reconstitution after transplantations of T-depleted HLA partially incompatible marrow.
Molecular and immunological characterization of a <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> protein homologous to mammalian elongation factor 1 gamma (1994)

In previous studies, we reported the characterization of three Trypanosoma cruzi proteins with molecular masses of 45, 30 and 25 kDa eluted from a glutathione agarose column (these proteins were named TcGBP). Using antibodies against TcGBP native proteins we could isolate from a lambda ZAPII epimastigote cDNA library cDNA clones encoding the 30 and 25 kDa proteins. Comparison of the two sequences with amino acid sequences in several data banks revealed that both protein sequences were highly homologous to human and Artemia salina elongation factor 1 beta. Thus, the proteins were named TcEF-1 beta 25 and TcEF-1 beta 30. In the present study we used a double immunoscreening strategy that allowed us to isolate a cDNA clone corresponding to the 45 kDa protein. The protein sequence revealed 31% identity and 61% homology with human and Artemia salina EF1 gamma and therefore was named TcEF-1 gamma. Moreover, three putative phosphorylation sites at position 51 (CSPC), at position 90 (RTPL) and at position 265 (PSPF) were found in the TcEF-1 gamma sequence. These sites are compatible with the notion that TcEF-1 gamma could be the target of phosphorylation by protein kinase(s). Random primed cDNA hybridized with a single 1.4 kb mRNA found in epimastigote, trypomastigote and amastigote forms. In addition, Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA suggested that the protein is encoded by a single gene. The TcEF-1 gamma cDNA was subcloned into the pGEX-4T-3 vector for expression in Escherichia coli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gender and Music Composition: A Study of Music, and the Gendering of Meanings (2016)

In this study claims that music communicates gendered meanings are considered, and relevant literature is reviewed. We first discuss the nature of meaning in music, and how it is constructed and construed. Examples of statements of gendering in the literature are cited, and the problems identified by writers who have questioned their validity are considered. We examine the concepts underlying terminology that has been used in inconsistent and contradictory ways. Three hypotheses are posed, and tested by means of two listening tasks. Results are presented that indicate that gendering is not inherent in musical structures, but is contributed to the perceptual event by the listener.
Crystallographic evidence for doxorubicin binding to the receptor-binding site in<i>Clostridium botulinum</i>neurotoxin B (2001)

The neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum and tetanus bind to gangliosides as a first step of their toxin activity. Identifying suitable receptors that compete with gangliosides could prevent toxin binding to the neuronal cells. A possible ganglioside-binding site of the botulinum neurotoxin B (BoNT/B) has already been proposed and evidence is now presented for a drug binding to botulinum neurotoxin B from structural studies. Doxorubicin, a well known DNA intercalator, binds to the neurotoxin at the receptor-binding site proposed earlier. The structure of the BoNT/B-doxorubicin complex reveals that doxorubicin has interactions with the neurotoxin similar to those of sialyllactose. The aglycone moiety of the doxorubicin stacks with tryptophan 1261 and interacts with histidine 1240 of the binding domain. Here, the possibility is presented of designing a potential antagonist for these neurotoxins from crystallographic analysis of the neurotoxin-doxorubicin complex, which will be an excellent lead compound.
Synthesis and Chemical Properties of π-Conjugated Poly(imidazole-2,5-diyl)s (2003)

Poly(N,N‘-dihexyl-2,2‘-biimidazole-5,5‘-diyl), PBIm(NHex), poly(N,N‘-dimethoxymethyl-2,2‘-biimidazole-5,5‘-diyl), PBIm(NMOM), and poly(N-methylimidazole), PIm(NMe), were prepared by dehalogenative polycondensation using a zerovalent nickel complex. PBIm(NHex), PBIm(NMOM), and PIm(NMe) showed number-average molecular weights, Mn's, of 15000, 12000, and 8200 (GPC; poly(methyl methacrylate) standards), respectively, and PBIm(NHex) gave an [η] value of 0.24 dL g-1 in formic acid. PBIm(NHex) showed a UV−vis absorption peak at 308 nm in CHCl3, which was shifted by 97 nm to a longer wavelength from that of N-hexylimidazole. Powder XRD data of PBIm(NHex) and PIm(NMe) supported formation of a stacked structure in the solid. Films of polymers received electrochemical oxidation at about 1.0 V vs Ag+/Ag. Deprotection of PBIm(NMOM) afforded poly(2,2‘-imidazole-5,5‘-diyl) which showed UV−vis peaks at 320 nm in film and at 350 nm in formic acid, respectively. PBim(NHex) formed a copper(II) complex in reaction with CuCl2, which was followed by UV−vis spectroscopy.
Determination of Surface Areas (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Surface AreasP. H. Emmett and Thomas De WittCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 1941, 13, 1, 28–33Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i560089a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i560089a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Relevance of the Microphysical and Radiative Properties of Cirrus Clouds to Climate and Climatic Feedback (1990)

This paper examines the effects of the relationship between cirrus cloud ice water content and cloud temperature on climate change. A simple mechanistic climate model is used to study the feedback between ice water content and temperature. The central question studied in this paper concerns the extent to which both the radiative and microphysical properties of cirrus cloud influence such a feedback. To address this question, a parameterization of the albedo and emissivity of clouds is introduced. Observations that relate the ice water content to cloud temperature are incorporated in the parameterization to introduce a temperature dependence to both albedo and emittance. The cloud properties relevant to the cloud feedback are expressed as functions of particles size re, asymmetry parameter g and cloud temperature and analyses of aircraft measurements, lidar and ground based radiometer data are used to select re and g. It was shown that scattering calculations assuming spherical particles with a distribution described by re = 16 μm reasonably matched the lidar and radiometer data. However, comparison of cloud radiation properties measured from aircraft to those parameterized in this study required values of g significantly smaller than those derived for spheres but consistent with our understanding of nonspherical particle scattering. The climate simulations revealed that the influence of cirrus cloud on climate was strongly affected by the choice of re and g: parameters that are both poorly known for cirrus. It was further shown that the effect of ice water feedback on a CO2 warming simulation could be either positive or negative depending on the value of re assumed. Based on these results, it was concluded that prediction of cirrus cloud feedback on climate is both premature and limited by our lack of understanding of the relationship between size and shape of ice crystals and the gross radiative properties of cirrus.
Experimental determination of excitonic band structures of single-walled carbon nanotubes using circular dichroism spectra (2016)

Experimental band structure analyses of single-walled carbon nanotubes have not yet been reported, to the best of our knowledge, except for a limited number of reports using scanning tunnelling spectroscopy. Here we demonstrate the experimental determination of the excitonic band structures of single-chirality single-walled carbon nanotubes using their circular dichroism spectra. In this analysis, we use gel column chromatography combining overloading selective adsorption with stepwise elution to separate 12 different single-chirality enantiomers. Our samples show higher circular dichroism intensities than the highest values reported in previous works, indicating their high enantiomeric purity. Excitonic band structure analysis is performed by assigning all observed E<sub>ii</sub> and E<sub>ij</sub> optical transitions in the circular dichroism spectra. The results reproduce the asymmetric structures of the valence and conduction bands predicted by density functional theory. Finally, we demonstrate that an extended empirical formula can estimate E<sub>ij</sub> optical transition energies for any (n,m) species.
Straightforward Preparation of Telechelic H-bonding Polymers From Difunctional Trithiocarbonates and Supramolecular Block Copolymers Thereof (2011)

We report an original strategy toward the straightforward preparation of precisely defined telechelic H-bonding polymers and the generation of supramolecular block copolymers thereof. Making use of an α,ω-functionalized symmetrical trithiocarbonate bearing thymine groups at both chain ends, a series of heterocomplementary H-bonding polymers were effortlessly generated by RAFT polymerization in a one step process. The resulting telechelic macromolecules selectively interacted with heterocomplementary α-DAP-functionalized chains to afford supramolecular block copolymers in solution and in bulk. These self-assemblies were evidenced by 1H NMR and rheological measurements. As a consequence of these associations, whereas non functional homopolymer blends tended to microphase separate as observed by AFM analysis, H-bonding homopolymer blends exhibited homogeneous microstructures in accord with the formation of supramolecular block copolymers promoting the stabilization of the interface between the polymers.
Compact homopolar generator developed at CEM-UT (1984)

For electromagnetic launchers (EMLs) to become practical devices, they must evolve from laboratory test beds to field-portable systems. Such systems require the development of compact, lightweight, high-energy, high-current power supplies. Investigation of the candidate systems -- flux compressors, capacitors, inductors, batteries, and rotating machines -- showed the homopolar generator (HPG) to be a device with immediate potential for development. HPGs were selected because of their demonstrated ability to produce the high-energy, high-current electrical pulse required of an EML power supply from a relatively compact light-weight machine. By taking state-of-the-art HPG technology and integrating it with a machine designed specifically for high energy density, a field-portable HPG-powered EML system can be realized.