gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of sulfur-substituted phospholipid analogs as mechanistic probes of phospholipase A2 catalysis (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of sulfur-substituted phospholipid analogs as mechanistic probes of phospholipase A2 catalysisWei Yuan, Karen Fearon, and Michael H. GelbCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 4, 906–910Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00265a034https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00265a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views608Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Thermoradiotherapy of malignant melanoma (1988)

From 1978 through February 1986, 49 measurable lesions in 18 patients with recurrent primary or metastatic malignant melanomas were treated with a combination of radiation therapy and hyperthermia. The primary sites were head and neck (eight), chest wall (two), pelvis (one), upper extremities (three), and lower extremities (35). Because of the length of the study, the dose and fractionation of radiation therapy varied (dose per fraction from less than 400 cGy to 800 cGy and a total dose of 2000 cGy to 6000 cGy). This variation was mostly dependent on the prior course of radiation therapy of these lesions. The hyperthermia technique used in these patients was superficial local microwave hyperthermia; a minority of patients were treated with ultrasound. Complete response was achieved in 29 lesions (59.2 per cent) and partial response in six lesions (12 per cent). In a separate analysis of 67 lesions with superficial malignant melanoma who were treated by radiation therapy alone, a 24 per cent complete response and a 34 per cent partial response were achieved. Detailed analyses are presented in regard to dose per fraction, total radiation dose, and the size of lesions.
Autophagy as a Stress-Response and Quality-Control Mechanism: Implications for Cell Injury and Human Disease (2012)

Autophagy, a vital catabolic process that degrades cytoplasmic components within the lysosome, is an essential cytoprotective response to pathologic stresses that occur during diseases such as cancer, ischemia, and infection. In addition to its role as a stress-response pathway, autophagy plays an essential quality-control function in the cell by promoting basal turnover of long-lived proteins and organelles, as well as by selectively degrading damaged cellular components. This homeostatic function protects against a wide variety of diseases, including neurodegeneration, myopathy, liver disease, and diabetes. This review discusses our current understanding of these two principal functions of autophagy and describes in detail how alterations in autophagy promote human disease.
Myelin-Associated Oligodendrocytic Basic Protein: Identification of an Encephalitogenic Epitope and Association with Multiple Sclerosis (2000)

Myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein (MOBP) is an abundant myelin constituent expressed exclusively by oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells of the CNS. We report that MOBP causes experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and is associated with multiple sclerosis. First, we note that purified recombinant MOBP inoculated into SJL/J mice produces CNS disease. Tests of overlapping peptides spanning the murine MOBP molecule map the encephalitogenic site to amino acids 37-60. MOBP-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis shows a severe clinical course and is characterized by a prominent CD4+ T lymphocyte infiltration and a lesser presence of CD8+ T cells and microglia/macrophages around vessels and in the white matter of the CNS. Second, PBL obtained from patients with relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis mount a proliferative response to human MOBP, especially at amino acids 21-39. This response equals or exceeds the response to myelin basic protein and an influenza virus hemagglutinin peptide, both serving as internal controls. Thus, a novel myelin Ag, MOBP aa 37-60, plays a role in rodent autoimmune CNS disease, and its human MOBP counterpart is associated with the human demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis.
Studies in Salt-Marsh Ecology Sections I to III (1938)

FROM time to time the principal salt marsh areas of England have been subject to investigation, and a considerable body of information has been collected in connexion with the analysis of the environmental factors. The collection of such data occupies much time and, in general, each investigation has been essentially a study of one or two particular factors (Steiner, 1934; Wiehe, 1935). Many of these studies have concerned themselves with relatively small marsh areas, since these present an apparently easier problem. Small marshes, however, are very often formed as a result of a shingle bar enclosing a small area, leaving only a narrow outlet. These closed marshes characteristically develop much more rapidly than large open marshes, and in any study of
Edge detection in ultrasound speckle noise (2002)

Presents a statistical approach to edge detection in ultrasound speckle, and uses actual noise statistics to derive an expression for an optimal detection rule. The authors compute the optimal detector for the special case of uncorrelated speckle, and an approximation to the optimal detector for the case when signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high. They also discuss a simple sub-optimal detection scheme, and show that its performance is close to that of the optimal uncorrelated speckle detection rule, and surpasses that of the high-SNR approximation except in the case of extremely high SNR, in which case they both perform equally well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Emergence of Congenital Zika Syndrome: Viewpoint From the Front Lines (2016)

Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Salvador, BA, Brasil
Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicle Analysis in Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Therapy (2016)

Diagnostic assays that leverage bloodborne neuron-derived (neuronal) nanoscale extracellular vesicles (nsEVs) as "windows into the brain" can predict incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) many years prior to onset. Beyond diagnostics, bloodborne neuronal nsEVs analysis may have substantial translational impact by revealing mechanisms of AD pathology; such knowledge could enlighten new drug targets and lead to new therapeutic approaches. The potential to establish three-dimensional nsEV analysis methods that characterize highly purified bloodborne nsEV populations in method of enrichment, cell type origin, and protein or RNA abundance dimensions could bring this promise to bear by yielding nsEV "omics" datasets that uncover new AD biomarkers and enable AD therapeutic development. In this review we provide a survey of both the current status of and new developments on the horizon in the field of neuronal nsEV analysis. This survey is supplemented by a discussion of the potential to translate such neuronal nsEV analyses to AD clinical diagnostic applications and drug development.
A Review of Drug Interactions With Psychiatric Medicines for the Pharmacy Practitioner (2007)

With thousands of potential drug interactions, it is next to impossible to remember them all, especially with many people on multiple prescriptions and over-the-counter medications. With the increasing use of psychiatric medicines in the general population, drug interactions may occur without recognition or warning. Pharmacy computer software programs provide help with identifying the majority of potential drug interactions, but these systems are only as good as the user who develops them. Some drug interactions are negligible, whereas others are quite significant. It is most important to remember drug interactions that may have a significant clinical effect. Approximately half of all medications prescribed today are affected by cytochrome P450 enzymes, but other interactions that involve various mechanisms can also be problematic. This review identifies drug interactions that may occur with the most frequently prescribed psychiatric medications and provides a review of selected interactions that may be clinically relevant for the pharmacist to review.
Estrogen Receptor Isoform Gene Expression in Ovarian Stromal and Epithelial Tumors* (2000)

The factors involved in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancers remain unclear, and the response of these tumors to hormonal therapy is limited. The identification of a second estrogen receptor gene (ERbeta), expressed predominantly in ovarian granulosa cells, led us to explore its possible role in ovarian cancer, particularly in granulosa cell tumors (GCT). Several isoforms of ERbeta have been identified. We sought to define the patterns of both ERalpha and ERbeta gene expression in a panel of ovarian tumors consisting of GCT and serous and mucinous cystadenocarcinomas as well as in normal ovary. Expression was determined by RT-PCR using gene- and isoform-specific primers and probes combined with Southern blot analysis of the PCR products. Widespread expression of ERalpha was observed in all tumor types, but at relatively low levels. ERbeta is expressed predominantly in GCT, with lower levels in mucinous tumors and very low levels in serous tumors. The ERbeta2 splice variant previously reported in rodents was not observed. Only very low levels of the exon 5, exon 6, and exon 5/6 deletion variants were detected. The C-terminal truncation variant ERbeta(cx), however, exhibited widespread expression across all the tumor types. As ERbeta(cx) has been shown to be a ligand-independent antagonist of ERalpha action, the relative ratios of ERbeta(cx), ERalpha, and ERbeta may influence the response of a tumor to antiestrogen therapy.
Real-Time Measurement of PMA-Induced Cellular Alterations by Microelectrode Array-Based Impedance Spectroscopy (2006)

For a feasible and cost-effective impedance measurement of cellular alterations in real-time, we combined commercially available microelectrode arrays (MEAs), consisting of 60 microelectrodes, with a conventional impedance analyzer. For proof of principle, a breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7) was cultured on MEAs, and cellular alterations were measured by impedance spectroscopy at a frequency ranging from 10 Hz to 1 MHz. Cells were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) at different concentrations to activate protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated extra- and intracellular changes. By addition of 0.03 microM PMA, an increase of the relative impedance (Z(rel)) was observed after 10 min with a maximum at 1 kHz. Moreover a gradual elevation of the impedance was measured 60 min after stimulation with PMA. If 0.3 microM PMA was applied, the maximal amplitude of the relative impedance after 60 min shifted from 1 kHz (0.03 microM PMA) to 150 Hz. Subsequently, the impedance was further increased up to 90 min after PMA application, after which the impedance reduced after 240 min. Since we could use MEAs for at least 10 times without affecting the sensitivity, our study revealed that commercially available MEAs comprising nanocolumnar titanium nitrite electrodes are suitable microstructures for a highly reproducible and cost-effective multisite measurement of intracellular processes by impedance spectroscopy.
Impedance Matching andElectrode Structure Design for Wearable Transmitter in Intra-Body Transmission (2009)

人体内通信システムにおけるウェアラブル送信機に着目し，TLM（Transmission Line Matrix）法による電磁界解析および実験により，電磁界分布および送信機電極の入力インピーダンス特性を検討し，腕部モデルにより送信機電極の入力インピーダンス特性の評価が可能であることを示し，そのインピーダンス特性は，送信機の電極長および電極幅に反比例し，電極間隔に比例することを明らかにした。解析結果から電極寸法に対する電極の入力インピーダンス特性の近似式を求め，腕時計サイズ（30 mm×30 mm）の送信機における電極設計を試みた。電極長，電極幅，電極間隔がそれぞれ，11.2 mm，30 mm，7.6 mmの時に，変成器やスタブを用いることなく50 Ω系の電極が得られ，この電極の採用により，送受信機間の伝送特性が2～12 dB改善することを確認し，電極設計における近似式の有効性を示した。
Mid-IR interband cascade electroluminescence intype-II quantum wells (1996)

The authors report the first observation of mid-infrared interband cascade electroluminescence in a staircase of Sb-based type-II quantum well structures. The electroluminescence has been observed up to room temperature, and its optical output power depends only weakly on temperature.
Distributed Self-Reconfiguration of M-TRAN III Modular Robotic System (2008)

A new prototype of a self-reconfigurable modular robot, M-TRAN III, has been developed, with an improved fast and rigid connection mechanism. Using a distributed controller, various control modes are possible: single-master, globally synchronous control or parallel asynchronous control. Self-reconfiguration experiments using up to 24 modules were undertaken by centralized or decentralized control. Experiments using decentralized control examined a modular structure moved in a given direction as a flow produced by local self-reconfigurations. In all experiments, system homogeneity and scalability were maintained: modules used identical software except for their ID numbers. Identical self-reconfiguration was realized when different modules were used in initial configurations.
FIG: A Prototype Tool for Online Verification of Recovery Mechanisms (2002)

Network applications of the future will require advanced mechanisms for automatic failure recovery in order to provide an acceptable quality of service. Because of this requirement, there is a need for tools that can inject simulated faults to verify a system’s fault detection and recovery methods. We present a set of objectives that such a fault injection tool must meet, and describe a prototype we have developed that meets these criteria. This tool, FIG, is capable of selectively introducing and logging errors at the application/library boundary on a running system. Our expectation is that FIG will be used for software development and verification, as well as for on-site testing of production systems. We use a working version of this tool to test the behavior of several common UNIX applications under simulated failures and offer suggestions from these tests on how to develop software with a higher degree of failure recoverability.
Patterns of fructan synthesized by onion fructan : fructan 6G‐fructosyltransferase expressed in tobacco BY2 cells – is fructan : fructan 1‐fructosyltransferase needed in onion? (2003)

• Fructan : fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase (6G-FFT) has been proposed to be the enzyme essential for the production of neo-series inulin. Transfer of a fructose unit from short chain inulins to the C6 of the glucose residue of sucrose or inulin was proposed to be its most important characteristic. Here, we investigate the activity of 6G-FFT from onion (Allium cepa) more thoroughly. • Tobacco BY2 suspension cultures were employed as an expression system for the fructosyltransferase 6G-FFT. Activity was measured using 1-kestose as a substrate and products were detected using high-performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC). • 6G-FFT showed multiple activities. An array of fructans of the inulin series and inulin neo-series were produced. First 1,1-kestotetraose and 1 and 6G-kestotetraose were synthesized, as well as 6G-kestotriose. Prolonged incubation produces a complex fructan series with a higher degree of polymerization. • The fructan pattern observed after incubation of onion 6G-FFT with 1-kestose closely resembles the complex fructan pattern found in onion. These results questions the need for a separate fructan : fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (1-FFT) activity in onion.
Monodisperse, Air-Stable PbS Nanocrystals <i>via</i> Precursor Stoichiometry Control (2014)

Despite their technological importance, lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystals have lagged behind nanocrystals of cadmium selenide (CdSe) and lead selenide (PbSe) in terms of size and energy homogeneity. Here, we show that the ratio of lead to sulfur precursor available during nucleation is a critical parameter affecting subsequent growth and monodispersity of PbS nanocrystal ensembles. Applying this knowledge, we synthesize highly monodisperse (size dispersity <5%) PbS nanocrystals over a wide range of sizes (exciton energies from 0.70 to 1.25 eV, or 1000-1800 nm) without the use of size-selective precipitations. This degree of monodispersity results in absorption peak half width at half max (HWHM) values as small as 20 meV, indicating an ensemble that is close to the homogeneous limit. Photoluminescence emission is correspondingly narrow and exhibits small Stokes shifts and quantum efficiencies of 30-60%. The nanocrystals readily self-assemble into ordered superlattices and exhibit exceptional air stability over several months.
Gonococcal pericarditis with tamponade in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (1990)

Pericarditis is one of the most frequent manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus; however, purulent pericarditis and tamponade are rare. We describe a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and culture-proven gonococcal arthritis who developed purulent pericarditis with intracellular gram-negative diplococci. Evidence of tamponade was seen on echocardiography. There has not been a reported case of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in pericardial fluid or tissue since the introduction of antibiotics.
Purification of Measles Virus with Preservation of Infectivity and Antigenicity (1979)

SUMMARY Measles virus Edmonston strain was purified by ultrafiltration followed by two successive sedimentations through sucrose. Purified virus retained infectivity and, when used as an immunogen, elicited high titred antibody to measles antigens by conventional serology. The measles preparations were examined by SDS-PAGE followed by staining. In addition, following PAGE, the purity of these preparations was assessed immunochemically using antisera directed to measles and host cell antigens. The results of these studies demonstrate the utility of the purification method for the preparation of milligram quantities of relatively pure measles virus.
Statistical inferences for isoform expression in RNA-Seq (2009)

The development of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) makes it possible for us to measure transcription at an unprecedented precision and throughput. However, challenges remain in understanding the source and distribution of the reads, modeling the transcript abundance and developing efficient computational methods. In this article, we develop a method to deal with the isoform expression estimation problem. The count of reads falling into a locus on the genome annotated with multiple isoforms is modeled as a Poisson variable. The expression of each individual isoform is estimated by solving a convex optimization problem and statistical inferences about the parameters are obtained from the posterior distribution by importance sampling. Our results show that isoform expression inference in RNA-Seq is possible by employing appropriate statistical methods.
Jugular Venous Bulb Oxyhemoglobin Saturation During Cardiac Surgery (1996)

Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of continuously monitoring jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjO2) with a fiberoptic catheter during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).In the present study, with patients maintained at either moderate (28 degrees C) or mild (32-34 degrees C) hypothermia during CPB, SjO2 values obtained from a fiberoptic catheter were compared to intermittent samples analyzed by a co-oximeter. Twenty patients scheduled for elective coronary artery or valvular surgery had a 5.5 Fr Opticath catheter inserted into the left internal jugular bulb after induction of general anesthesia. The catheter was calibrated in vitro and in vivo according to the manufacturer's specifications. Catheter and co-oximetry SjO2 values obtained at four time points--1) pre-CPB, 2) target CPB temperature, 3) mid-rewarming, and 4) post-CPB--were compared using linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis, and Shrout-Fleiss interclass correlation coefficient analysis. These statistical methods revealed poor correlation between the catheter and co-oximetry SjO2 values: r = 0.44 by linear regression and 0.32 by interclass correlation coefficient analysis, and was unacceptably discrepant by Bland-Altman analysis. Oxyhemoglobin saturation values obtained continuously from a jugular venous bulb fiberoptic catheter during CPB may not accurately reflect true oxyhemoglobin saturation, and caution is warranted when interpreting SjO2 values obtained from a fiberoptic catheter during CPB. (Anesth Analg 1996;82:964-8)
Supply Chain Resilience: Development of a Conceptual Framework, an Assessment Tool and an Implementation Process (2008)

The business environment is always changing and change creates risk. Managing the risk of the uncertain future is a challenge that requires resilience the ability to survive, adapt and grow in the face of turbulent change. Academics and industry leaders have seen the need to supplement traditional risk management techniques with the concept of resilience that is better designed to cope with extreme complexities, unpredictable events and adaptive threats. However, without standardized definitions, accepted variables or measurement tools, supply chain resilience is merely a theoretical concept. This dissertation will explore the current thought on supply chain resilience and develop the construct into a managerial process for implementation. In Phase I, the Supply Chain Resilience Framework was developed to provide a conceptual framework based on extant literature and refined through a focus group methodology. Findings suggest that supply chain resilience can be assessed in terms of two dimensions: vulnerabilities and capabilities. Research identified seven vulnerability factors composed of 40 specific attributes and 14 capability factors from 71 attributes that facilitate the measurement of resilience. Phase II created an assessment tool based on this framework the Supply Chain Resilience Assessment and Management (SCRAMTM). Data gathered from seven global manufacturing supply chains was used to assess their current state of supply chain resilience. The tool was validated using a qualitative methodology comparing assessment scores to 1,369 items recorded from discussions of 14 recent disruptions. Phase III concluded the research project by identifying critical linkages between the inherent vulnerability factors and controllable capability factors.
Interaction between corticosteroids and beta-agonists in asthma. (1996)

It is often assumed that there is synergy between corticosteroids and beta-agonists, the two drugs most commonly used to treat asthma. A review of clinical studies of the effect of corticosteroids on the response to a beta-agonist finds no evidence to support this assumption except in subjects taking high doses of beta-agonists and with diminished responsiveness to a beta-agonist. There is some evidence that regular beta-agonist therapy may cause a temporary reduction in the efficacy of corticosteroids in asthma, an effect that is seen when the response to the beta-agonist has worn off. Further studies of this effect are required in view of the very widespread concomitant use of the two drugs.