gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histone Acetyltransferase HBO1 Interacts with the ORC1 Subunit of the Human Initiator Protein (1999)

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is an initiator protein for DNA replication, but also effects transcriptional silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and heterochromatin function in Drosophila. It is not known, however, whether any of these functions of ORC is conserved in mammals. We report the identification of a novel protein, HBO1 (histone acetyltransferase binding to ORC), that interacts with human ORC1 protein, the largest subunit of ORC. HBO1 exists as part of a multisubunit complex that possesses histone H3 and H4 acetyltransferase activities. A fraction of the relatively abundant HBO1 protein associates with ORC1 in human cell extracts. HBO1 is a member of the MYST domain family that includes S. cerevisiae Sas2p, a protein involved in control of transcriptional silencing that also has been genetically linked to ORC function. Thus the interaction between ORC and a MYST domain acetyltransferase is widely conserved. We suggest roles for ORC-mediated acetylation of chromatin in control of both DNA replication and gene expression.
Left Atrial Epicardial Adiposity and Atrial Fibrillation (2010)

Increased posterior LA fat thickness appears to be associated with AF burden independent of age, body mass index, or LA area. Further studies are necessary to examine cause and effect, and if inflammatory, paracrine mediators explain this association.
Studies on V3-specific cross-reactive T-cell responses in chimpanzees chronically infected with HIV-1IIIB (1995)

Overall, these studies in chimpanzees chronically infected with HIV-1IIIB indicate that with respect to the immunodominant V3 region, the virus-induced T-cell immunity is directed against a broad spectrum of HIV-1 strains.
Design and Scale-Up of Diels–Alder Reactions for the Practical Synthesis of 5-Phenylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2-one (2011)

Several synthetic pathways towards racemic 5-phenylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-en-2-one 1 have been devised starting with a Diels–Alder reaction of (cyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yloxy)trimethylsilane and α-acetoxyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile, or α-chloroacrylonitrile. The first ‘fit-for-purpose’ route relied on α-acetoxyacrylonitrile as a dienophile and rapidly delivered kilogram amounts of 1. Process safety data then triggered the development of a scalable Diels–Alder reaction using α-chloroacrylonitrile as the dienophile. This practical and volume-efficient route delivered 1 in a 44% yield in six chemical steps with two isolated intermediates. Notably, neither chromatography nor distillation was required for the multikilogram synthesis of 1.
Improving face detection with depth (2016)

Face detection serves an important role in many computer vision systems. Typically, a face detector identifies faces within a grayscale or color image. Due to the recent increase in consumer depth cameras, obtaining both color and depth images of a scene has never been easier. We propose a technique that utilizes depth information to improve face detection. Standard face detection methods, such as the Viola-Jones object detection framework, detects faces by searching an image at every location and scale. Our method increases the speed and accuracy of the Viola-Jones face detector by utilizing depth data to constrain the detector's search over the image. Leveraging a Kinect camera, we are able to detect faces 3.5× faster, while greatly reducing the amount of false positives.
The mechanism whereby bile acid micelles increase the rate of fatty acid and cholesterol uptake into the intestinal mucosal cell. (1976)

Studies were undertaken to define the mechanism whereby bile acid facilitates fatty acid and cholesterol uptake into the intestinal mucosal cell. Initial studies showed that the rate of uptake (Jd) of several fatty acids and cholesterol was a linear function of the concentration of these molecules in the bulk phase if the concentration of bile acid was kept constant. In contrast, Jd decreased markedly when the concentration of bile acid was increased relative to that of the probe molecule but remained essentially constant when the concentration of both the bile acid and probe molecule was increased in parallel. In other studies Jd for lauric acid measured from solutions containing either 0 or 20 mM taurodeoxycholate and saturated with the fatty acid equaled 79.8+/-5.2 and 120.8+/-9.4 nmol.min(-1).100 mg(-1), respectively: after correction for unstirred layer resistance, however, the former value equaled 113.5+/-7.1 nmol.min(-1).100 mg(-1). Maximum values of Jd for the saturated fatty acids with 12, 16, and 18 carbons equaled 120.8+/-9.4, 24.1+/-3.2, and 13.6+/-1.1 nmol.min(-1).100 mg(-1), respectively. These values essentially equaled those derived by multiplying the maximum solubility times the passive permeability coefficients appropriate for each of these compounds. The theoretical equations were then derived that define the expected behavior of Jd for the various lipids under these different experimental circumstances where the mechanism of absorption was assumed to occur either by uptake of the whole micelle, during interaction of the micelle with an infinite number of sites on the microvillus membrane or through a monomer phase of lipid molecules in equilibrium with the micelle. The experimental results were consistent both qualitatively and quantitatively with the third model indicating that the principle role of the micelle in facilitating lipid absorption is to overcome unstirred layer resistance while the actual process of fatty acid and cholesterol absorption occurs through a monomer phase in equilibrium with the micelle.
Causes of Cold Joint Outbreaks and the Methods of Prevention (2001)

コンクリート構造物の施工中にできる不具合のうち, コールドジョイントは美観を損なうだけでなく, 耐久性を低下させたり, 漏水の原因になる。そこで, コールドジョイントが構造物の性能に及ぼす影響, コールドジョイントが発生する条件を示し, その現場における簡便な判定方法を提案し, コンクリート施工時の配慮やコールドジョイントの防止対策について解説した。
Isolation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus from Atlantic herring Clupea harengus from the English Channel (1997)

Viral haemorrhaglc septicaemia vuus (VHSV) was Isolated from apparently healthy Atlantlc herrlng Clupea harengus from the Engllsh Channel The virus was lsolated in blueglll flbroblast (BF-2) cells but not eplthelioma papulosum cypnni (EPC) cells, however, the vlrus was passaged from BF-2 to EPC cells The identlty of the vlrus was confirmed by an enzyme-llnked ~rnmunosorbent assay and by a reverse transcnptase-polymerase chain reactlon (RT-PCR) The vlrus was classifled as a member of genogroup 111 of VHSV which compnses many European freshwater and m a n n e VHSV 150lates Sequence compansons oi the RT-PCR products showed that the hernng isolate was closely related (99 1 % nucleotlde similarity) to a VHSV isolate from Atlantlc cod Gadus morhua both of those lsolates were avlrulent for ralnbow trout Oncorhynchus myklss by bath infection Circumstantial evidence IS presented whlch suggests that VHSV from hernng could have been the source of VHS dlsease In ralnbow trout in Denmark KEY WORDS: VHSV .
Estimating the Speed of a Motor Vehicle in a Collision (1967)

The author is a professor of physics at Washington College, Chestertown, Maryland, and serves as research consultant in problems involving forensic physics. Professor Rizer has been consulted in a number of cases involving the demonstration of speed of automobiles involved in accidents. He is the author of Police Mathematics, (1955) and of several articles which have appeared in technical police journals. Professor Rizer is a member of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences.EDITOR.
Sex predetermination and the ethics of sex selection (2006)

At present there appear to be two main categories of problems involved in the ethics of sex selection. The first has to do with the status of the embryo, and the second has to do with the social consequences of making sex selection widely available. However, these may not be the only issues. There is growing evidence from evolutionary psychology and biology, which suggests that the sex of the offspring in mammals may not, after all, be a matter of chance. Instead, sex allocation in mammals may be the result of a finely tuned adaptive process involving the current suitability of a mother to conceive an offspring of a particular sex. If so, we need to know more about this process before embarking on a social policy that could have disadvantageous outcomes for children, their parents and society as a whole.
[Tinnitus treated with combined traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine]. (1989)

Cases of annoying tinnitus were selected for this observation. They were examined by general physical examination, otoscopy and some of them by audiometry and tinnitus masking patterns test, and/or Ecoch G and BSER. Two groups, TCM-WM and controls, were designed with patient's sexes, ages, severity of tinnitus almost evenly distributed. Different kinds of medicines were given to the patients of 2 groups with single blind trial. For the controls, only western medicines such as valium, nicotinic acid, mixture bromides, vitamin B Co, ATP and carbamazepine (if 100 mg of lidocaine added to 50% glucose solution intravenously was effective) were taken orally. For TCM-WM group patients, besides the drugs used above, herbal decoctions were given twice a day, and observed for 5 days per therapeutic course. The medicinal herbs consist of: Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis, Poria cocos, Flos Chrysanthemi, Akebia quinata, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Fructus Liquidambris, Radix Rehmanniae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix Scrophulariae, Fructus Lycii, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Semen Plantaginis and Semen Vaccariae. Of the therapeutic results in 32 cases of TCM-WM group, 11 cases (34.4%) showed absence of tinnitus, 16 (50%) improved, and 5 (15.6%) failed. The total effective rate was 84.4%. In 27 cases of the controls, 5 cases (18.6%) showed absence of tinnitus, 10 (37%) improved, and 12 (44.4%) failed. The total effective rate was 55.6%. It showed that the therapeutic results of TCM-WM group was better than those of the controls (P less than 0.05).
High performance NEMS resonant infrared detector based on an aluminum nitride nano-plate resonator (2013)

This paper reports on the first demonstration of an ultra-fast (thermal time constant of 1.4 ms) and low detection limit (Noise Equivalent Power, NEP of 2.4 nW/Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> ) Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems (NEMS) resonant infrared (IR) detector based on an aluminum nitride (AlN) nano-plate resonator (NPR). A Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> thin film (100 nm thick) long wavelength IR absorber (LWIR of 8-14 μm) was integrated with an ultra-thin AlN (250 nm thick) NPR working at a higher order lateral-extensional mode (resonance frequency of 196.6 MHz), resulting in a high electromechanical performance (quality factor Q = 1062 and electromechanical coupling coefficient k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> = 1.62%), NEMS resonant structure with unique IR detection capabilities.
Down-regulation of TLR2, 3, 9 and Signaling Mediators, MyD88 and TRIF, Gene Transcript Levels in Patients with Kawasaki Disease Treated with IVIG. (2015)

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile systemic vasculitis of childhood characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory mediators at the acute stage. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is well accepted as a conventional therapy for KD. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression level of Toll like receptors (TLRs) and their corresponding signaling mediators in PBMCs of IVIG-treated KD patients. TLR2, 3, 9 and signaling mediators, MyD88 and TRIF transcript levels were determined in PBMCs from 31 KD patients, before (acute phase), 2 weeks later (sub-acute phase) and 6 weeks later (convalescent phase) of IVIG therapy using real time PCR. The mean age of the patients was 3.6 years and 65% of subjects were male and 35% were female. 20 age-matched irrelevant febrile patients and 20 healthy subjects were included as control groups. Elevated levels of TLR2, MyD88, and TRIF gene transcripts were observed in the PBMCs at acute phase of untreated KD patients in compression with normal subjects. IVIG therapy resulted in significant decrease in TLR2, 3 and 9 (60-90%) as well as MyD88 and TRIF (60-70%) transcripts following 2 and 6 weeks. With Regard to significant up-regulation of MyD88 and TRIF at the acute phase of KD, our findings suggest TLR signaling pathway potential in KD pathogenesis and may also support the assumption of an infectious background in KD. Down-regulation of TLR members and corresponding mediators in IVIG treated patient suggest general TLR pathway suppression as a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of IVIG.
Stacking of Molecules Possessing a Fullerene Apex and a Cup-Shaped Cavity Connected by a Silicon Connection (2003)

Hexagonal or tetragonal packing of columnar stacks in crystals and liquid crystals has been observed for a series of molecules possessing a fullerene apex and an aromatic cone that are connected with a Si-C connection. The columnar stacking of the new shuttlecock molecules is constitutionally stable but conformationally flexible due to the large cavity created on the top of the fullerene molecule.
A Unique Combination of Infrared and Microwave Radiation Accelerates Wound Healing (2003)

Light or electromagnetic radiation has been reported to enhance wound healing. The use of selected spectra, including infrared and microwave, has been described; however, no studies to date have examined the potential benefit of combining these spectra. In this study, a device that emits electromagnetic radiation across both the infrared and microwave ranges was used. To test the effects of this unique electromagnetic radiation spectrum on wound healing, two clinically relevant wound-healing models (i.e., tensile strength of simple incisions and survival of McFarlane flaps) were selected. After the creation of a simple full-thickness incision (n = 35 rats) or a caudally based McFarlane flap (n = 33 rats), animals were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: untreated control, infrared, or combined electromagnetic radiation. Treatment was administered for 30 minutes, twice daily for 18 days in animals with simple incisions, and 15 days in animals with McFarlane flaps. The wound area or flap was harvested and analyzed, blinded to the treatment regimens. A p value of less than 0.05 obtained by analysis of variance was considered to be statistically significant. Animals receiving combined electromagnetic radiation demonstrated increased tensile strength (2.62 N/mm2) compared with animals receiving infrared radiation (2.36 N/mm2) or untreated controls (1.73 N/mm2, p < 0.001). Animals with McFarlane flaps receiving combined electromagnetic radiation had increased flap survival (78.0 percent) compared with animals receiving infrared radiation (69.7 percent) and untreated controls (63.1 percent, p < 0.01). Thus, combined electromagnetic radiation provided a distinct advantage in wound healing that might augment current treatment regimens. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 111: 258, 2003.)
Tables of vacuum ultraviolet emission band systems of molecularnitrogen from 82.6 to 124.2 nm (1998)

Observed wavenumbers of the emission lines belonging to 10 vacuum ultraviolet band systems of molecular nitrogen are classified into 283 bands, 220 of them reported for the first time.
Minimally Invasive Extreme Lateral Trans-Psoas Approach to the Lumbar Spine: Applications and Techniques (2012)

Minimally Invasive Extreme Lateral Trans-Psoas Approach to the Lumbar Spine: Applications and Techniques
ROBOT CALIBRATION FOR OFF‐LINE PROGRAMMING (1991)

In order to save cost and time, attempts are made by the automotive industry to simulate in advance system planning and programming of robots involved in the manufacturing process. Unfortunately, the use of off‐line programming produces inaccuracies in robot positioning so that reteaching is required for the various working points. This problem is aggravated by the fact that to date robot manufacturers have been unable to provide reliable data on the accuracy of their robots when using off‐line programming. This complex of problems is discussed on the basis of the VDI directive 2861.
Lamellar Organic Thin Films through Self-Assembly and Molecular Recognition (2000)

Molecular clips possessing U-shaped cavities have been functionalized on their convex side with long aliphatic tails. These molecules form dimers which self-assemble into malleable lamellar thin films. Upon addition of a guest (methyl 3,5-dihydroxybenzoate), a 1:1 host-guest complex is formed, which prohibits clip dimerization. As a result, the lamellar structure of the material is lost. Complexation of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in the clip results in host-guest complexes which dimerize by hydrogen bonding interactions between the carboxylic acid functions of the bound guests. This dimerization restores the lamellar type architecture of the material.
Pyrone‐Based Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase Types 2 and 3 May Work as Conformation‐Selective Inhibitors (2011)

Matrix metalloproteinases are zinc-containing enzymes capable of degrading all components of the extracellular matrix. Owing to their role in human disease, matrix metalloproteinase have been the subject of extensive study. A bioinorganic approach was recently used to identify novel inhibitors based on a maltol zinc-binding group, but accompanying molecular-docking studies failed to explain why one of these inhibitors, AM-6, had approximately 2500-fold selectivity for MMP-3 over MMP-2. A number of studies have suggested that the matrix-metalloproteinase active site is highly flexible, leading some to speculate that differences in active-site flexibility may explain inhibitor selectivity. To extend the bioinorganic approach in a way that accounts for MMP-2 and MMP-3 dynamics, we here investigate the predicted binding modes and energies of AM-6 docked into multiple structures extracted from matrix-metalloproteinase molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings suggest that accounting for protein dynamics is essential for the accurate prediction of binding affinity and selectivity. Additionally, AM-6 and other similar inhibitors likely select for and stabilize only a subpopulation of all matrix-metalloproteinase conformations sampled by the apo protein. Consequently, when attempting to predict ligand affinity and selectivity using an ensemble of protein structures, it may be wise to disregard protein conformations that cannot accommodate the ligand.
Image denoising using a local contextual hidden Markov model in the wavelet domain (2001)

Wavelet domain hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been proposed and applied to image processing, e.g., image denoising. We develop a new HMM, called local contextual HMM (LCHMM), by introducing the Gaussian mixture field where wavelet coefficients are assumed to locally follow the Gaussian mixture distributions determined by their neighborhoods. The LCHMM can exploit both the local statistics and the intrascale dependencies of wavelet coefficients at a low computational complexity. We show that the LCHMM combined with the "cycle-spinning" technique can achieve state-of-the-art image denoising performance.
Noninvasive Time Domain Reflectometry Moisture Measurement Probe (1993)

Abstract Time domain reflectometry (TDR) has been shown to be a widely applicable method for determination of moisture content in soils and other geological and engineering materials. All TDR probes used to date have required penetration of the sample under study, which severely limits the utility of the method. We demonstrated that, by simply placing the probe wires against the surface of a sample and recalibrating the dielectric vs. moisture content response, the TDR method may be used to obtain moisture content without sample penetration. This expands the range of applicability of the TDR technique to such critical areas as hard rock drill cores and pavement measurements, as well as endurated soils. An example of such a noninvasive probe is shown to have the accuracy of previous probe designs (i.e., ± 2% m 3 m −3 moisture content), without requiring penetration of the sample, with additional advantages including the ability to miniaturize the probe.
Clinical performance of a laser fluorescence device for detection of occlusal caries lesions (2001)

Children and adolescents must be examined often for occlusal caries. Diagnosis of fissure caries is difficult especially when the tooth surface appears seemingly intact. It has been shown that using traditional clinical methods, as little as 20% of teeth with fissure caries under intact surfaces were correctly recognised as such. Therefore, new methods for increasing the accuracy of diagnosis have been sought for years. Recently, a new device, based on fluorescence measurements, was introduced. The purpose of this study was to test the device under in vivo conditions in order to provide recommendations for its use in the dental office. Seven general dental practitioners examined a total of 332 occlusal surfaces in 240 patients. Caries extent was determined for each site after operative intervention (='gold standard'). Clinical inspection and analysis of bitewing radiographs exhibited statistically significant lower sensitivities (31-63%) than did the DIAGNOdent device (sensitivity > or = 92%). It is recommended that the laser device is used in the decision-making process in relation to the diagnosis of occlusal caries as a second opinion in cases of doubt after visual inspection.
Mice lacking asparaginyl endopeptidase develop disorders resembling hemophagocytic syndrome (2008)

Asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP or legumain) is a lysosomal cysteine protease that cleaves protein substrates on the C-terminal side of asparagine. AEP plays a pivotal role in the endosome/lysosomal degradation system and is implicated in antigen processing. The processing of the lysosomal proteases cathepsins in kidney is completely defective in AEP-deficient mice with accumulation of macromolecules in the lysosomes, which is typically seen in lysosomal disorders. Here we show that mutant mice lacking AEP develop fever, cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hemophagocytosis, which are primary pathological manifestations of hemophagocytic syndrome/hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Moreover, AEP deficiency provokes extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and abnormally enlarged histiocytes with ingested red blood cells (RBCs) in bone marrow. Interestingly, RBCs from AEP-null mice are defective in plasma membrane components. Further, AEP-null mice display lower natural killer cell activity, but none of the major cytokines is substantially abnormal. These results indicate that AEP might be a previously unrecognized component in HLH pathophysiology.