gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lighting Criteria for Road Lighting: a Review (2012)

Lighting of roads has been a significant issue in terms of safety concerns for both drivers and pedestrians, and economic reasons related to energy efficiency demands. Numerous studies have provided recommendations to illuminate roads and to classify proper lighting for motorised traffic. After the recent establishment of CIE mesopic photometry, the implementation of mesopic photometry in road lighting design and measurements is being discussed among the international lighting society. This paper summarises these studies and makes a critical review on the current recommendations.
Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression Level on Survival in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2005)

The conflicting results in the literature regarding the prognostic value of EGFR may be due to the technical difficulties inherent in assessing EGFR with immunocytochemistry. In the present study, we show that measurement of EGFR protein levels in ovarian cancer using AQUA is feasible and can give important prognostic information.
Colony PCR Amplification of Actinomycete DNA (2003)

This report describes colony PCR amplification of high G+C content DNA from a range of actinomycete genera. This method describes the use of a non-ionic surfactant to efficiently promote lysis of the actinomycete cell walls and enhance DNA polymerase activity. This approach allows the rapid identification of different genera by the amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. In addition, we also demonstrated the identification of strains carrying DNA encoding proteins associated with specific metabolic pathways, for example, in polyketide biosynthesis.
Metalloprotease-mediated ligand release regulates autocrine signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor (1999)

Ligands that activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are synthesized as membrane-anchored precursors that appear to be proteolytically released by members of the ADAM family of metalloproteases. Because membrane-anchored EGFR ligands are thought to be biologically active, the role of ligand release in the regulation of EGFR signaling is unclear. To investigate this question, we used metalloprotease inhibitors to block EGFR ligand release from human mammary epithelial cells. These cells express both transforming growth factor alpha and amphiregulin and require autocrine signaling through the EGFR for proliferation and migration. We found that metalloprotease inhibitors reduced cell proliferation in direct proportion to their effect on transforming growth factor alpha release. Metalloprotease inhibitors also reduced growth of EGF-responsive tumorigenic cell lines and were synergistic with the inhibitory effects of antagonistic EGFR antibodies. Blocking release of EGFR ligands also strongly inhibited autocrine activation of the EGFR and reduced both the rate and persistence of cell migration. The effects of metalloprotease inhibitors could be reversed by either adding exogenous EGF or by expressing an artificial gene for EGF that lacked a membrane-anchoring domain. Our results indicate that soluble rather than membrane-anchored forms of the ligands mediate most of the biological effects of EGFR ligands. Metalloprotease inhibitors have shown promise in preventing spread of metastatic disease. Many of their antimetastatic effects could be the result of their ability to inhibit autocrine signaling through the EGFR.
Enzyme-facilitated transport and separation of organic acids through liquid membranes (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-facilitated transport and separation of organic acids through liquid membranesDavid G. Rethwisch, Anuradha Subramanian, Gao Yi, and Jonathan S. DordickCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4, 1649–1650Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00160a065https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00160a065research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views209Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Neuropsychological and neurophysiological abnormalities in HIV-infection. Their relevance and predictive value. (1990)

A group of n. 86 HIV-pts. (CDC stages from II to IV) were cross-sectionally studied with neuropsychological and neurophysiological methods. The percentage of abnormalities detected even among pre-AIDS stages is very high (from 25 to 50% of the cases). Sensibility and specificity of the above investigations is discussed. Their possible predictive role (evolution to successive stages of asymptomatic pts. and development of CNS pathology) is also evaluated based on a medium-term clinical follow-up (18-24 months).
Highly accelerated chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) measurements with linear algebraic modeling (2015)

Applied to patients with brain tumors, SLAM-CEST can yield results that are quantitatively equivalent to conventional CEST up to 45 times faster, which could prove enabling in clinical settings where scan time is limiting. Magn Reson Med 76:136-144, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stereoselective Michael addition of the imines of .alpha.-amino esters in the presence of lithium bromide/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective Michael addition of the imines of .alpha.-amino esters in the presence of lithium bromide/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-eneShuji Kanemasa, Osamu Uchida, and Eiji WadaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1990, 55, 14, 4411–4417Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00301a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00301a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views596Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The effect of variance reduction on the performance of the leaky bucket (2002)

The leaky bucket (LB) is emerging as the best possible candidate for implementing the policing mechanism in ATM networks. However, it exhibits a strong coupling between two conflicting requirements, viz., accurate average rate enforcement and prompt reaction to sudden bursts. We propose a modification to the LB mechanism which, while providing a more accurate average rate enforcement (closer to ideal "policer" behavior), also reacts faster (i.e., detects violating cells) to prevent long bursts. The additional hardware and complexity introduced by this modification is marginal. Briefly, the mechanism can be described as follows: every second cell arriving from a source is monitored by a LB while a second LB "polices" the alternate cell stream. This has the effect of reducing the squared coefficient of variation of interarrival times by a factor of two. The predictability of the arrival stream is increased with this mechanism and consequently, the parameters of the LB can be dimensioned more precisely, resulting in a more effective mechanism.
A Prototype AHP System for Contractor Selection Decision (2016)

Contractor selection process is generally believed to be marred with lots of bias in most developing nations, which sometimes leads to incompetent contractor being selected because it is based mainly on human experience and feelings. In particular, in a culturally biased country like Nigeria where most contractors’ selection process is not based on performance but rather on whom you know, not paying attention to important factor/criteria but rather on selfish personal gains, which directly or indirectly affect the public in different forms could have some negative effects on projects. The failure of managers to be objective in decision-making in regard to contractor selection has great consequences for the government as well as corporate organizations in terms of cost incurred, delivery time, and impact on the general welfare of the people. Hence, there is a need for managers to be interested in the selection of contractors, suppliers of materials, equipment, and services as failure or inefficiency on the part of the contractor that could affect the well-being of the people negatively and damage the performance rating of the government. Developing an appropriate model to address the problem of poor contractor evaluation would, no doubt, be a great relief in the selection of contractors. This chapter presents a prototype system for contractor evaluation decision.
A MONITORING DEVICE OF FORKLIFT’S STABILITY TRIANGLE (2017)

In most branches of industry forklifts are used for lifting and handling various shaped loads. These machines classified as lifting trucks vary in size and might be equipped with various attachments to enable work as universal lifting cranes. However, the main issue related to their usage is their critical stability that causes a lot of accidents resulting in human and material losses. These machines have been gone through years under development so as to render them more and more stable; the present research is a trial and a step forward towards better passive stability of forklifts. This research aims at enhancing the forklift longitudinal stability by monitoring the status of the so called forklift "stability triangle", and at keeping the forklift operators working within stable range of load and speed. A new monitoring device which locates the forklifts center of gravity (C.G.) during its forward movement (uphill and downhill) instantaneously displays the C.G. point together with the stability triangle. In addition, a warning red light will be lightened in case the C.G. point tends to get out of the stability triangle or, in other words, in case of dangerous situations that might lead to forklift tipping-over.
Checkpointing in Oracle (1998)

Checkpointing is an important mechanism for limiting crash recovery times. This paper describes a new checkpointing algorithm that was implemented in Oracle 8.0. This algorithm efJiciently JWS buffers which need to be written for checkpointing and easily scales to very large buffer cache sizes: it has been tested with buffer caches as large as six million buffers. Based on this algorithm, we have implemented a new checkpointing mechanism which we refer to as the incremental checkpointing mechanism. Incre-mental checkpoints are continuous, low overhead checkpoints that wn’te buffers as a background activity. Incremental checkpointing is able to continuously advance the database checkpoint, i.e., the starting position in the redo log for crash recovery, resulting in dramatic improvements in recovery time while imposing minimal overhead during normal processing. The rate of bu$er writes for incremental checkpointing can be con-trolled by the user to balance checkpoint writing overhead with recovery time requirements. In this paper; we describe the new data structures and algorithms that have been implemented for checkpointing and for incremental checkpointing
p38α MAPK signaling drives pharmacologically reversible brain and gastrointestinal phenotypes in the SERT Ala56 mouse (2018)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurobehavioral disorder with limited treatment options. Activation of p38 MAPK signaling networks has been identified in ASD, and p38 MAPK signaling elevates serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) activity, effects mimicked by multiple, hyperfunctional SERT coding variants identified in ASD subjects. Mice expressing the most common of these variants (SERT Ala56) exhibit hyperserotonemia, a biomarker observed in ASD subjects, as well as p38 MAPK-dependent SERT hyperphosphorylation, elevated hippocampal 5-HT clearance, hypersensitivity of CNS 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2A/2C</sub> receptors, and behavioral and gastrointestinal perturbations reminiscent of ASD. As the α-isoform of p38 MAPK drives SERT activation, we tested the hypothesis that CNS-penetrant, α-isoform-specific p38 MAPK inhibitors might normalize SERT Ala56 phenotypes. Strikingly, 1-week treatment of adult SERT Ala56 mice with MW150, a selective p38α MAPK inhibitor, normalized hippocampal 5-HT clearance, CNS 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2A/2C</sub> receptor sensitivities, social interactions, and colonic motility. Conditional elimination of p38α MAPK in 5-HT neurons of SERT Ala56 mice restored 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> and 5-HT<sub>2A/2C</sub> receptor sensitivities as well as social interactions, mirroring effects of MW150. Our findings support ongoing p38α MAPK activity as an important determinant of the physiological and behavioral perturbations of SERT Ala56 mice and, more broadly, supports consideration of p38α MAPK inhibition as a potential treatment for core and comorbid phenotypes present in ASD subjects.
A novel inloop filter for video-compression based on temporal pixel trajectories (2010)

The objective of this work is to investigate the performance of a new inloop filter for video compression, which uses temporal rather than spatial information to improve the quality of reference frames used for prediction. The new filter has been integrated into the H.264/AVC baseline encoder and tested on a wide range of sequences. Experimental results show that the filter achieves a bit rate reduction of up to 12% and more than 4% on average without increasing the complexity of either encoder or decoder significantly.
Incremental checkpointing with application to distributed discrete event simulation (2006)

Checkpointing is widely used in robust fault-tolerant applications. We present an efficient incremental checkpointing mechanism. It requires to record only the state changes and not the complete state. After the creation of a checkpoint, state changes are logged incrementally as records in memory, with which an application can spontaneously roll back later. This incrementalism allows us to implement checkpointing with high performance. Only small constant time is required for checkpoint creation and state recording. Rollback requires linear time in the number of recorded state changes, which is bounded by the number of state variables times the number of checkpoints. We implement a Java source transformer that automatically converts an existing application into a behavior-preserving one with checkpointing functionality. This transformation is application-independent and application-transparent. A wide range of applications can benefit from this technique. Currently, it has been used for distributed discrete event simulation using the Time Warp technique.
Neural Representation of Spatial Topology in the Rodent Hippocampus (2013)

Pyramidal cells in the rodent hippocampus often exhibit clear spatial tuning in navigation. Although it has been long suggested that pyramidal cell activity may underlie a topological code rather than a topographic code, it remains unclear whether an abstract spatial topology can be encoded in the ensemble spiking activity of hippocampal place cells. Using a statistical approach developed previously, we investigate this question and related issues in greater detail. We recorded ensembles of hippocampal neurons as rodents freely foraged in one- and two-dimensional spatial environments and used a "decode-to-uncover" strategy to examine the temporally structured patterns embedded in the ensemble spiking activity in the absence of observed spatial correlates during periods of rodent navigation or awake immobility. Specifically, the spatial environment was represented by a finite discrete state space. Trajectories across spatial locations ("states") were associated with consistent hippocampal ensemble spiking patterns, which were characterized by a state transition matrix. From this state transition matrix, we inferred a topology graph that defined the connectivity in the state space. In both one- and two-dimensional environments, the extracted behavior patterns from the rodent hippocampal population codes were compared against randomly shuffled spike data. In contrast to a topographic code, our results support the efficiency of topological coding in the presence of sparse sample size and fuzzy space mapping. This computational approach allows us to quantify the variability of ensemble spiking activity, examine hippocampal population codes during off-line states, and quantify the topological complexity of the environment.
Identifying the nonspeaking population: a demographic study (1985)

Two studies were conducted in the state of Washington to determine the size, characteristics, and intervention needs of school-age nonspeaking students, as well as the professional staff and school district needs related to implementing augmentative communication systems. Multihandicapped and severely/profoundly retarded students made up the largest proportions of nonspeaking students identified. Sign language and gestures/emotional reactions were the most frequently employed augmentative communication systems. In-service training in the implementation of augmentative communication systems was among the most frequently identified professional staff need. Release time and funding for workshops were the most frequently indicated district needs.
TRPA1 Modulates Mechanotransduction in Cutaneous Sensory Neurons (2009)

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is expressed by nociceptive neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and trigeminal ganglia, but its roles in cold and mechanotransduction are controversial. To determine the contribution of TRPA1 to cold and mechanotransduction in cutaneous primary afferent terminals, we used the ex vivo skin-nerve preparation from Trpa1(+/+), Trpa1(+/-), and Trpa1(-/-) adult mouse littermates. Cutaneous fibers from TRPA1-deficient mice showed no deficits in acute cold sensitivity, but they displayed striking deficits in mechanical response properties. C-fiber nociceptors from Trpa1(-/-) mice exhibited action potential firing rates 50% lower than those in wild-type C-fibers across a wide range of force intensities. Adelta-fiber mechanonociceptors also had reduced firing, but only at high intensity forces (>100 mN). Surprisingly, the firing rates of low-threshold Abeta and D-hair mechanoreceptive fibers were also altered. TRPA1 protein and mRNA expression was assessed in DRG neurons and cutaneous innervation by using Trpa1 in situ hybridization, an antibody for TRPA1, and an antibody for placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) in mice in which PLAP was substituted for Trpa1. DRG neurons of all sizes expressed Trpa1 mRNA or PLAP immunoreactivity. TRPA1 or PLAP immunolabeling was detected not only on many thin-caliber axons and intraepidermal endings but also on many large-caliber axons as well as lanceolate and Meissner endings. Epidermal and hair follicle keratinocytes also express TRPA1 message and protein. We propose that TRPA1 modulates mechanotransduction via a cell-autonomous mechanism in nociceptor terminals and possibly through a modulatory role in keratinocytes, which may interact with sensory terminals to modify their mechanical firing properties.
Validation of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for determining in vivo body composition of chickens (2004)

The purpose of this study was to validate dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for measuring the body composition of chickens in vivo. Four trials were conducted with broiler chickens using a DXA instrument (Lunar, DPX-L) and small animal total body scan software (version 4.7a). In the first 2 trials, the effects of scan mode (high resolution or detail slow), scanning position (ventral or dorsal), and the use of attenuating materials (AM) (2-mm polyvinyl chloride or 4-mm polystyrene) on the precision and values of the DXA parameters body mass, lean tissue mass, fat tissue mass and percentage, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were evaluated. The precision was highest for body mass and lean tissue mass, followed by BMC and BMD, and was lowest for fat tissue mass and percentage. The precision of the measurements was not influenced by scan mode, position, or type of AM. In contrast, the values for all DXA parameters except body mass were significantly influenced by the scan mode but not by the position. The high resolution mode gave significantly higher estimates of fat mass and BMC but significantly lower measures of lean tissue mass and BMD compared with the detail slow mode. A significant difference between AM was only observed for the DXA estimates of fat tissue mass and fat percentage. In trial 3, the accuracy of the DXA measurements was tested by comparison with chemical body composition analysis. Linear regression equations between the respective DXA and chemical parameters were established. High correlations (r > 0.9; P < 0.0001) were obtained for all parameters, except for fat percentage (r = 0.593; P < 0.05). The purpose of the validation trial was to compare the predicted body composition based on the DXA measurements with established equations and the chemical body composition. There was extremely good agreement for body mass, lean tissue mass, and fat tissue mass and percentage, but not for ash weight. It is concluded that, after proper methodological standardization and application of specifically determined regression equations, DXA can be used for estimating the body composition of chickens in vivo. However, the regression equations are strictly limited to one particular instrument, software version, and applied methodology.
Acid-catalyzed Ring-opening Polymerization of γ-Butyrolactone under High-pressure Conditions (2013)

Abstract In this study, we found that acid-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-butyrolactone, which showed difficulty progressing in general ROP, took place under high-pressure conditions. The structure of the product was confirmed by the 1H NMR spectrum to be poly(γ-butyrolactone). Furthermore, the Mn values increased with increasing monomer conversions.