gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase with a Novel Domain Organization Is Essential for Siderophore Biosynthesis in <i>Vibrio anguillarum</i> (2004)

Anguibactin, a siderophore produced by Vibrio anguillarum, is synthesized via a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) mechanism. We have identified a gene from the V. anguillarum plasmid pJM1 that encodes a 78-kDa NRPS protein termed AngM, which is essential in the biosynthesis of anguibactin. The predicted AngM amino acid sequence shows regions of homology to the consensus sequence for the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and the condensation (C) domains of NRPSs, and curiously, these two domains are not associated with an adenylation (A) domain. Substitution by alanine of the serine 215 in the PCP domain and of histidine 406 in the C domain of AngM results in an anguibactin-deficient phenotype, underscoring the importance of these two domains in the function of this protein. The mutations in angM that affected anguibactin production also resulted in a dramatic attenuation of the virulence of V. anguillarum 775, highlighting the importance of this gene in the establishment of a septicemic infection in the vertebrate host. Transcription of the angM gene is initiated at an upstream transposase gene promoter that is repressed by the Fur protein in the presence of iron. Analysis of the sequence at this promoter showed that it overlaps the iron transport-biosynthesis promoter and operates in the opposite direction.
Outstanding field emission properties of wet-processed titanium dioxide coated carbon nanotube based field emission devices (2015)

Field emission devices using a wet-processed composite cathode of carbon nanotube films coated with titanium dioxide exhibit outstanding field emission characteristics, including ultralow turn on field of 0.383 V μm−1 and threshold field of 0.657 V μm−1 corresponding with a very high field enhancement factor of 20 000, exceptional current stability, and excellent emission uniformity. The improved field emission properties are attributed to the enhanced edge effect simultaneously with the reduced screening effect, and the lowered work function of the composite cathode. In addition, the highly stable electron emission is found due to the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the carbon nanotubes, which prohibits the cathode from the influence of ions and free radical created in the emission process as well as residual oxygen gas in the device. The high-performance solution-processed composite cathode demonstrates great potential application in vacuum electronic devices.
Feature Extraction of Shoulder Joint’s Voluntary Flexion-Extension Movement Based on Electroencephalography Signals for Power Assistance (2018)

Brain-Machine Interface (BMI) has been considered as an effective way to help and support both the disabled rehabilitation and healthy individuals' daily lives to use their brain activity information instead of their bodies. In order to reduce costs and control exoskeleton robots better, we aim to estimate the necessary torque information for a subject from his/her electroencephalography (EEG) signals when using an exoskeleton robot to perform the power assistance of the upper limb without using external torque sensors nor electromyography (EMG) sensors. In this paper, we focus on extracting the motion-relevant EEG signals' features of the shoulder joint, which is the most complex joint in the human's body, to construct a power assistance system using wearable upper limb exoskeleton robots with BMI technology. We extract the characteristic EEG signals when the shoulder joint is doing flexion and extension movement freely which are the main motions of the shoulder joint needed to be assisted. Independent component analysis (ICA) is used to extract the source information of neural components, and then the average method is used to extract the characteristic signals that are fundamental to achieve the control. The proposed approach has been experimentally verified. The results show that EEG signals begin to increase at 300⁻400 ms before the motion and then decrease at the beginning of the generation of EMG signals, and the peaks appear at about one second after the motion. At the same time, we also confirmed the relationship between the change of EMG signals and the EEG signals on the time dimension, and these results also provide a theoretical basis for the delay parameter in the linear model which will be used to estimate the necessary torque information in future. Our results suggest that the estimation of torque information based on EEG signals is feasible, and demonstrate the potential of using EEG signals via the control of brain-machine interface to support human activities continuously.
A 64 bit CMOS mainframe execution unit macrocell with error detecting circuit (2002)

A 64-bit CMOS mainframe execution unit macrocell with error detecting circuits is proposed. It adopts a parity predicting logic structure in order to reduce the number of circuit stages in the ALU (arithmetic and logic unit) critical path. By utilizing this structure, a one-bit-error detecting function is integrated. A novel CMOS precharged circuit is also developed to shorten the time required to precharge the whole circuit. Through the use of these techniques, 30% faster operation is achieved.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Multi-layer Parsing Strategy for On-line Recognition of Hand-drawn Diagrams (2006)

The existing sketch recognizers perform only a limited drawing recognition since they process simple sketches, or rely on drawing style assumptions that reduce the recognition complexity, and in most cases they require a substantial amount of training data. In this paper we present a parsing strategy for the recognition of hand-drawn diagrams that can be used in interactive sketch interfaces. The approach is based on grammar formalism, namely sketch grammars (SkGs), for describing both the symbols' shape and the syntax of diagrammatic notations, and from which recognizers are automatically generated. The recognition system was evaluated in the domain of UML use case diagrams and the results highlight the recognition accuracy improvements produced by the use of context in the disambiguation process
Physico‐ and Immunochemical Properties of Staphylococcal Protein A Extracellularly Produced by a Set of Mutants from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Cowan I (1979)

Mutant strains of Staphylococcus aureus have been isloated using a simple cosedimentation technique. While the parental strain contains predominantly a cell-bound protein A, the mutant strains exclusively produce extracellular protein A. The mutant forms of protein A all have lower molecular weights than that of protein A from the parental strain. They showed the same antigenicity as the parental protein A and gave similar reactivity with immunoglobulin to the parental one except for one mutant. A conspicuous spur was observed between the parental protein A and that produced by the mutant against normal dog serum in the micro-Ouchterlony immunodiffusion test.
Reservoir Monitoring with the CHFR in Water Injection Reservoirs, Libya Eamples. (2003)

Abstract The increase of the recovery efficiency combined with an optimized production and a representative modeling require a reliable reservoir monitoring techniques. Recently introduced in Libya, the CHFR (Cased Hole Formation Resistivity) has provided an accurate saturation profiles through casing by deep resistivity measurements. This paper presents two field cases of oil producer wells, the reservoir monitoring with the CHFR highlights the importance of this exhaustive investigation. A comprehensive understanding of the reservoir water flooding is achieved, allowing to select the appropriate remedial options for the water-cut reduction. The first example presents a multi-reservoir under water table drive in a moderate permeability anisotropy. A comparison of the saturation profiles completed between the original open hole and the CHFR-Plus evaluations has detected the oil-water contact rise and brought a valuable information for the distribution of the remaining potential oil. The second example deals with a lateral water injection on a multi-layered reservoir having a different ranges of permeability. The reservoir monitoring has located the water-swept and depleted zones according to the saturation profile changes. In both cases, the remedial operations based on the CHFR-Plus investigation results have allowed a significant enhancement of the oil production and the implementation of the optimum field management strategy.
Specific contact resistance measurements of metal-semiconductor junctions (2006)

Our research comprises the manufacturing of test structures to characterize the metal-semiconductor junctions with a number of techniques and materials. An extensive subsequent physical and electrical testing of the junctions is carried out. We present our first results on specific silicide-to-diffusion contact resistance characterization using the known Scott's transmission line model (TLM) and our approach, considering particular geometry, with NiSi and PtSi as the silicides.
Viral Inhibition Assay: A CD8 T Cell Neutralization Assay for Use in Clinical Trials of HIV‐1 Vaccine Candidates (2010)

We have characterized an assay measuring CD8 T cell-mediated inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 replication, demonstrating specificity and reproducibility and employing a panel of primary HIV-1 isolates. The assay uses relatively simple autologous cell culture and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, avoids generation of T cell clones, and can be performed with <2 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Efficient CD8 T cell-mediated cross-clade inhibition of HIV-1 replication in vitro was demonstrated in antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-1-infected subjects with controlled viral replication in vivo but not in viremic subjects. An HIV-1 vaccine candidate, consisting of DNA and recombinant adenovirus 5 vectors tested in a phase I clinical trial, induced CD8 T cells that efficiently inhibited HIV-1 in a HLA-I-dependent manner. Assessment of direct antiviral T cell function by this assay provides additional information to guide vaccine design and the prioritizing of candidates for further clinical trials.
New Surfactants for Combined Cleaning and Texturing of Mono-Crystalline Silicon Wafers After Wire-Sawing (2008)

The following paper presents a new substance with the potential to substitute 2-propanol as a texturing agent in solar cell processes with an additional cleaning capability. This allows to combine the cleaning after wiresawing with the texturization into one single process. The substance was selected from a pool comprising 45 different organic compounds. This promising substance combines a relative good texture capability, a high etch-rate in basic solution, high process stability, low toxicity and reasonable price availability. This compilation of qualities represents relevant requirements for a texturing agent to be brought into industrial scale operation. In tandem with its cleaning functionality, this surfactant allows to perform a new sequence of processes where the texturing step can take place at the beginning of the solar cell production chain. It was proved that mono-crystalline silicon wafers processed with this surfactant acquired a higher mechanical stability than those following standard process conditions. High mechanically stable wafer manufacture together with a shortened new sequence of processes between wafering and emitter diffusion can lead to a strong reduction of breakage rate during the solar cell production.
Apprentissage semi-autonome du français langue de communication spécialisée (1997)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
The Case for Left Wing Nationalism by Stephen Maxwell (2014)

The educator, according to Paulo Freire, cannot claim neutrality – to do so is both deceitful and to side with the oppressor. Personally, I am partisan about the progressive socialist possibilities presented by the forthcoming Referendum on Scottish Independence. I feel Stephen Maxwell’s posthumous collection of political and cultural essays is a necessary, valuable and exciting contribution to the current debate.  Maxwell is, I think, determinedly radical in attempting to create a rupture that might ensure the break-up of the archaic, imperialist British State. Not only does his book display Gramscian analytical insight, it is also a manifesto, and indeed a curriculum, to base a popular educational dialogue around a vision for a new Scotland. I believe it provides the missing key for the strategic journey the left has been trying to navigate since 1979. It is difficult to conceive of anything more potentially revolutionary - certainly in my lifetime!
Origins of the double emission of the tetranuclear copper(I) cluster Cu4I4(pyridine)4: an ab initio study (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrigins of the double emission of the tetranuclear copper(I) cluster Cu4I4(pyridine)4: an ab initio studyMarcello Vitale, William E. Palke, and Peter C. FordCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 21, 8329–8336Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100200a023https://doi.org/10.1021/j100200a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1131Altmetric-Citations128LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Emerging Role of Traceability and Information in Demand-Oriented Livestock Production (2001)

Consumer concerns about food safety in general and meat safety in particular have led to an increased demand for information and transparency in food chains, and acted as the major driver for the development of traceability systems. This paper focuses on the current and future role of traceability in demand-oriented meat and livestock production. Consumer demand for information is taken as the starting point. Information about and practice relating to traceability are reported and illustrated from historical and current experience in Belgium. It was found that organizational and operational aspects of traceability were clearly dealt with. However, questions remain with respect to the management of information flows and the proactive, rather than defensive use of traceability realizations. Key points for future success in livestock production chains pertain to market orientation, substantiation of claimed benefit and effective management of information flows.
The Effect of Synovial Fluid Enzymes on the Biodegradability of Collagen and Fibrin Clots (2011)

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in the use of biomaterials to stimulate wound healing. This is largely due to their ability to centralize high concentrations of compounds known to promote wound healing at a needed location. Joints present a unique challenge to using scaffolds because of the presence of enzymes in synovial fluid which are known to degrade materials that would be stable in other parts of the body. The hypothesis of this study was that atelocollagen scaffolds would have greater resistance to enzymatic degradation than scaffolds made of gelatin, fibrin and whole blood. To test this hypothesis, collagen and fibrin-based scaffolds were placed in matrix metallopeptidase-1 (MMP-1), elastase, and plasmin solutions at physiologic concentrations, and the degradation of each scaffold was measured at varying time points. The atelocollagen scaffolds had a significantly greater resistance to degradation by MMP-1, elastase and plasmin over the fibrin based scaffolds. The results suggest that atelocollagen-based scaffolds may provide some protection against premature degradation by synovial fluid enzymes over fibrin-based matrices.
Classification of Edible Oils by Employing <sup>31</sup>P and <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy in Combination with Multivariate Statistical Analysis. A Proposal for the Detection of Seed Oil Adulteration in Virgin Olive Oils (2003)

A combination of (1)H NMR and (31)P NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis was used to classify 192 samples from 13 types of vegetable oils, namely, hazelnut, sunflower, corn, soybean, sesame, walnut, rapeseed, almond, palm, groundnut, safflower, coconut, and virgin olive oils from various regions of Greece. 1,2-Diglycerides, 1,3-diglycerides, the ratio of 1,2-diglycerides to total diglycerides, acidity, iodine value, and fatty acid composition determined upon analysis of the respective (1)H NMR and (31)P NMR spectra were selected as variables to establish a classification/prediction model by employing discriminant analysis. This model, obtained from the training set of 128 samples, resulted in a significant discrimination among the different classes of oils, whereas 100% of correct validated assignments for 64 samples were obtained. Different artificial mixtures of olive-hazelnut, olive-corn, olive-sunflower, and olive-soybean oils were prepared and analyzed by (1)H NMR and (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Subsequent discriminant analysis of the data allowed detection of adulteration as low as 5% w/w, provided that fresh virgin olive oil samples were used, as reflected by their high 1,2-diglycerides to total diglycerides ratio (D > or = 0.90).
Halal development in Singapore (2020)

The clear relationship between Halal logistics activity and Halal industry development has been crucially discussed among the practitioners, scholars, as well as policy makers recently. Southeast Asia is recognized to have majority of Muslim population especially in Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei and Singapore. Singapore’s halal industry is escalating and expected to generate S$276 million by 2020. Despite its very positive growth of Halal industry in Singapore, there is still room for improvement especially with regard to Halal ecosystem such as Halal facilities, Halal hotel, additional Halal hotel, Halal tourism activity as well as Halal logistics and supply chain. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the growth or progress of Halal industry development in Singapore by focusing on opportunities for Halal logistics expansion as a new diligence. This chapter provides a detailed explanation on the three stages of Halal development in Singapore by developing three-phase growth, namely introductory phase, growing phase and maturity phase. This chapter offers new opportunities to the scholars and education providers to embark and further research on Halal-related issues in Singapore. It is proposed that for future sustainability of Halal logistics and supply chain, Singapore has to develop further Halal business as well as Halal tourism activities to support its new Halal economic development. It is also important for the state to play a role as a facilitator of any Halal activities or Halal business in Singapore.
STAT3 inhibition, a novel approach to enhancing targeted therapy in human cancers (2012)

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates many critical functions in human normal and malignant tissues, such as differentiation, proliferation, survival, angiogenesis and immune function. Constitutive activation of STAT3 is implicated in a wide range of human cancers. As such, STAT3 has been studied as a tumour therapeutic target. This review aimed principally to summarise the updated research on STAT3 inhibition studies and their therapeutic potential in solid tumours. Recent literature associated with STAT3 inhibition was reviewed through PubMed and Medline database, followed by critical comparison and analysis. Constitutive activation of STAT3 has been identified as abnormal and oncogenic. The pathway of STAT3 activation and signal transduction identifies 3 approaches for inhibition: modulating upstream positive or negative regulators, regulating RNA (DN-STAT3, anti-sense RNA, siRNA and microRNA) or targeting STAT3 protein at different domains. The last approach using small molecule STAT3 inhibitors has been the most examined so far with both preclinical and clinical studies. Targeting STAT3 using a specific inhibitor may be a useful cancer treatment approach, with the potential for a broad clinical impact.
Further developments in indirect mortality estimation (1977)

Summary A variety of indirect estimators of mortality; survival of children by marriage duration of mother, survival of first spouse by marriage duration and by age, maternal orphanhood, and survival of siblings, are investigated by the use of a wide range of model fertility and mortality situations. Survival probabilities are then related by regression analysis to the proportions with a particular characteristic, to yield an equation which can then be used to estimate the survival probability in a population. Maternal orphanhood and survival of first spouse by age have already shown themselves to be useful, and the new developments are only simplifications of the existing methodology. Survival of first spouse by duration of marriage, and survival of siblings are, however, new methods which have yet to be justified by field experience. In conclusion, the features common to all indirect mortality estimation procedures are outlined, and the direction future developments may take in response to gradually improving data quality is suggested.
Subscription Libraries and the Cost of Living (1957)

The merging of the Birmingham Library with the Birmingham and Midland Institute has sent a mild shiver through the faded rooms of the proprietary and subscription libraries. Not that the Birmingham Library has suffered under the change of ownership, rather the contrary; but the merger represents the extinguishing of one more of the dwindling band of similarly constituted libraries.
Dynamic techniques for yield enhancement of field programmable logic arrays (2003)

Two techniques are presented to increase the effective yield of field programmable logic arrays (FPLAs). In the first technique, a reconfiguration scheme is proposed to dynamically alter the product-term allocation of the mask PLA onto the product lines of the raw FPLA once a type-two fault is diagnosed. This technique does not require any extra product lines to obtain a usable destination FPLA. The second technique utilizes the often unused product lines within the FPLA. It is shown that once an error is detected during the programming procedure, a product line can always be desensitized from the rest of the FPLA. The intended product term is then simply reprogrammed onto one of the extra product lines.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>