gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Transmission and reflection ellipsometry studies of electrochromic materials and devices</title> (1995)

Ellipsometric studies are generally carried out in reflection mode rather than in transmission mode, requiring invariably opaque substrates or substrates in which the back reflection is minimized or suppressed by different methods. In the present work, we have used a transmission and reflection photo-ellipsometry method to study electrochromic materials and their multilayer systems deposited on thick substrates. The role of the substrate is examined carefully and the contributions from multiple reflections in the substrate are taken into account in the theoretical treatment. This procedure not only allows the study of thin films deposited on quasi-transparent substrates but carried out in conjunction with reflection measurements improves greatly the accuracy in the determination of the optical constants. Optical measurements have been carried out on an automatic reflection-transmission spectrophoto- ellipsometer. Solid state ionics materials used in electrochromic systems such as indium-tin oxide, tungsten oxide, and their multilayer structures deposited on glass substrates are used as examples. A software based on the above theory, OPTIKAN, has been developed to model and analyze such systems. It is demonstrated that the photo-ellipsometry method proposed is especially suited to analyze in a non-destructive way electrochromic materials and transmitting devices.
Sternal Instability After Midline Sternotomy (2000)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss sternal instability a problem occasionally associated with midline sternotomy, including the etiology, predisposing conditions, diagnosis and management. Among the methods of repair, sternal weaving and pectoralis muscle advancement are thought to be especially effective.
Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Human Fetal Trabecular Meshwork Cells (2007)

Characterization by microscopy and immunocytochemistry suggest that FTM cells have properties similar to adult TM cells. Fetal tissues may be a useful source of abundant, rapidly dividing FTM cells for in vitro investigation. The ability to do expanded research in this field may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in glaucoma development.
Protection of Mice against Fission Neutron Irradiation by WR-2721 or WR-151327 (1987)

Two phosphorothioate compounds, WR-2721 and WR-151327, were examined for their radioprotective efficacies against the effects of fission neutron irradiation in male and female mice. Within sex groups no significant difference in lethality at 30 or 100 days postirradiation was found between WR-2721 or WR-151327 pretreatment. The dose modification factors (DMFs) for male mice treated with either compound were 1.29 (LD50/30) and 1.24 (LD50/100), and those for drug-treated female mice were 1.21 (LD50/30) and 1.19 (LD50/100). Both WR-2721 and WR-151327 were found to be equally radioprotective when compared using DMFs as the end point. WR-151327 (500 mg/kg, ip) was found to be significantly more toxic to both male and female B6D2F1 mice than equimolar amounts of WR-2721. Small but significant sex differences in radioprotection were found: the DMFs for female mice pretreated with either compound were lower than those for similarly treated male mice; the incidence of mortality 31-100 days postexposure in male mice pretreated with WR-151327 was greater than for female mice. In addition, sex differences were noted in drug toxicity. Toxic death in female mice given WR-151327 (500 mg/kg, ip) is 2.6 times more probable than in males.
A single‐center <i>SCN8A‐</i>related epilepsy cohort: clinical, genetic, and physiologic characterization (2019)

We present a comprehensive single-center dataset for SCN8A epilepsy that includes clinical, genetic, electrophysiologic, and pharmacologic data. We confirm a spectrum of severity and a variety of biophysical defects of Nav1.6 variants consistent with gain of channel function. Na+ channel blockers in the treatment of SCN8A epilepsy may correlate with the effect of such agents on pathological Na+ current observed in heterologous systems.
Measurement of Vibrational Circular Dichroism below ∼600 cm<sup>−1</sup>: Progress towards Meeting the Challenge (1996)

The measurement of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) below ∼600 cm −1 is one of the experimental challenges of the current times. Polarization-division interferometry is considered to be the most efficient approach for realizing these measurements. A crucial component for successful applications of this interferometry is the beamsplitter, which divides the incoming beam according to polarization. Free-standing metal wires and the metal wires deposited on a mylar substrate have been employed as beamsplitters, and their performance has been evaluated for the ∼700–10 cm −1 region. VCD measurements obtained for the enantiomers of α-pinene in the 400–250 cm −1 region are presented. The current status and future developments needed for routine far-infrared VCD measurements are summarized.
PLC-1: A TASI System for Small Trunk Groups (1982)

The PLC-1 Private Line Voice Concentrator is introduced. This equipment uses the well-known TASI (time assignment speech interpolation) technique to reduce the number of transmission facilities required to transmit a number of trunks by a factor of up to two. In addition to reducing transmission facility requirements, the PLC-1 provides a very high level of management and diagnostic tools to the telecommunications manager.
A Smart Condition Monitoring System for HV Networks with Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: Copyright Material IEEE, Paper No. PCIC-2018-37 (2018)

The authors present a conceptual design for a SMART asset monitoring solution for high voltage (HV) networks in the petrochemical industry. The paper discusses the potential for incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) into an application of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) for condition monitoring. The paper is a continuation of the work presented by the authors at the IEEE-PCIC 2017 conference in Calgary. The proposed asset management system analyses condition monitoring (CM) data and assesses the risk of failure data across complete HV networks. Knowledge of deteriorating asset condition provides the operator with an advanced, early warning of incipient mechanical and electrical faults. With knowledge of the severity and source of such faults, pinpointed preventative maintenance interventions can then made during planned maintenance outages. The complete HV network asset monitoring solution described includes permanent sensors and monitoring nodes deployed at strategic locations across the network. Processed data is passed via a local area network to local servers and then via secure data cloud transmission to a centralized monitoring server located at the CM headquarters. This central server operates a CM database that logs, displays, benchmarks and trends the condition data with comparison to a statistically-significant database of measurements. It is proposed in the IIoT solution proposed that this database will be downloadable to a smartphone/tablet for use by the field engineer. The monitoring technology will likely also incorporate a number of AI machine learning software modules for the de-noising of raw signals and the diagnosis of different types of defects within different types of HV plant items. The proposed SMART CM system includes an advanced graphical user interface (GUI) for viewing HV asset CM data along with operational and maintenance (O&M) data. The GUI will also be able to display both condition criticality and operational criticality (on a color-coded range of 0-100%) for individual HV plant items on a digitized mimic of the HV network's single-line diagram (SLD). This could also be combined with geometric positioning data of assets across the facility (including HV cable routes and lengths) to provide a fully digitized SMART network diagram for use in the IIoT asset management solution. Asset management data, combined with the application of the developing techniques of AI, AR and VR, will greatly help the user to visualize the plant items in 3-D, their position within the network, their condition and operational criticality along with all related asset management information together on one dashboard screen, downloaded onto smartphone/tablet. The paper concludes with a case study showing the development of a specification for a SMART IIoT asset condition monitoring solution suitable for a large petrochemical refining facility.
Using legacy seismic data in an integrated time-lapse study: Lena Field, Gulf of Mexico (2000)

Seismic monitoring (time-lapse or 4-D seismic) has the potential to significantly increase recovery in existing and new fields. While future field developments should benefit from seismic acquisition designed for time-lapse monitoring, the portfolio of current seismic monitoring opportunities for most companies consists of existing fields for which one or more 3-D surveys have already been acquired. These legacy seismic data sets were not acquired for the purposes of seismic monitoring and are often very different in terms of acquisition and processing parameters. In addition, the seismic acquisition is rarely timed to optimally map reservoir changes or impact development decisions.
Combined transoral-transnasal approach in the repair of congenital posterior choanal atresia: clinical experience. (2011)

The aforementioned combined transoral-transnasal technique provides a good alternative for managing posterior choanal atresia with easier, four-handed surgery to ensure adequate posterior choana for nasal breathing, but it usually needs multiple sessions.
Continuity and Change (1996)

This chapter will focus on the question of continuity versus change in family life. So far the emphasis has been mainly on the various changes. This chapter will attempt to stand back a little further to try and assess the meaning of change. How much has really changed in family life? Are the changes merely superficial? Are the continuities more important? Are the changes which have occurred simply changes in form (for example, fewer legal marriages), while the social institutions, in a deeper sense, remain essentially the same? Different reactions to change are also based not only on whether change is seen to be significant/'real' but on the onlooker's own values, ideology and ideas about families, gender, parenthood and so on, and how these institutions ought to function.
Vascular endothelial growth factor D expression is a potential biomarker of bevacizumab benefit in colorectal cancer (2015)

The predictive value of VEGF-D expression for bevacizumab may depend on the chemotherapy backbone used. Further evaluation is required before clinical utilisation.
Oak trees from acorns? An evaluation of local bursaries in primary care (2004)

During the period 1997–2002 ResNET and PRO˜Net, the primary care research networks for Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire respectively, awarded small bursaries to network members to support local research. The bursaries were designed to assist researchers undertaking small, largely unfunded projects. The intention was to encourage research activity that could be shown to lead to evidence-based practice. The bursaries took a broad view of research activity, including enabling projects, skills training and dissemination of findings. A total of £6818 was awarded to 19 applications involving 22 individuals. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 19 of the recipients plus two correspondences via email to explore a wide range of outcomes and the effects on personal and professional development. Tangible outcomes included six published papers to date, six international conference presentations and 10 national presentations with many local presentations or network newsletter articles as well as securing additional external funding of £117500. The awards enable locally based research that contributes to the agenda of linking practice development with the implementation of findings at the local level essential to improving patient care. In addition, there are perceived benefits to individuals in developing their personal and professional skills, which in turn aid recruitment and retention in primary care.
Eco-driving at signalized intersections using V2I communication (2011)

The research presented in this paper develops a framework to enhance vehicle fuel consumption efficiency while approaching a signalized intersection through the provision of signal phase and timing information that may be available through vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. While past research uses simplified objective functions to optimize fuel consumption and/or emissions caused by signalized intersections, this research highlights the importance of retaining microscopic fuel consumption models in the optimization function. It presents an example which shows that simplified objective functions may result in erroneous conclusions.
STUDIES ON MECHANISM OF REPAIR OF ULTRAVIOLET-IRRADIATED VIRAL AND BACTERIAL DNA IN VIVO AND IN VITRO (1965)

The formation of thymine dimers [Formula: see text] from adjacent intrastrand thymines by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation in DNA was studied under different conditions. When thymine-2-C 14 DNA was exposed in quartz tubes to 0.5 × 10 6 ergs/mm 2 ultraviolet irradiation, two photoproducts were formed: "a" + [Formula: see text]. The concentration formed in dry DNA was only about [Formula: see text] of that formed in wet DNA.The survival of T 1 phage in the dark in the resistant (uvr + ) and the sensitive (uvr − ) mutants of E. coli K-12 after UV irradiation of the phage in the wet and dry state is markedly dependent on the state of the phage during irradiation. Survival of T 1 phage, when UV irradiated dry, was the same in the sensitive as in the resistant host cells, over a wide range of UV doses, while a marked difference in sensitivity existed when it was UV irradiated wet. Similar survival was obtained also by photoreactivation. These results correspond with the notion that thymine dimers are involved both in photoreactivation and in dark (host cell) reactivation.Thymine-requiring E. coli K-12 cells were mutated to a radioresistant strain uvr + (AB 2416) and a radiosensitive strain uvr − (AB 2419).Irradiation of cells with a dose of 1000 ergs/mm 2 , followed by incubation of the cells in the dark in enriched M9 media, stopped by addition of 5% trichloroacetic acid, hydrolysis of the acid-insoluble fraction and the acid-soluble fraction in trifluoroacetic acid at 175 °C, and separation of the products by paper chromatography, showed that the two irradiation products "a" + [Formula: see text], which were formed in the bacterial DNA, are excised from the DNA in the uvr + strain and appear in the acid-soluble fraction. No such excision occurred upon incubation of the radiosensitive strain uvr − .Incubation of the cells under light showed that photoreactivation prevails in the radiosensitive strain, i.e. disappearance of "a" + [Formula: see text] from the DNA, without their appearance in the acid-soluble fraction, while dark reactivation prevailed in the uvr + strain, a result that indicates a stronger affinity of the dark reactivating system to UV-irradiated DNA. Cell extracts prepared by breaking the cells in a French press in Tris buffer, pH 7.5, plus 10 −3 M Mg ++ plus 10 −3 M mercapto-ethanol showed a similar mechanism; the two irradiation products were excised from DNA by a uvr + cell extract and not by a uvr − cell extract. Extract of uvr + cells brought about excision of photoproducts from DNA of the uvr − cell extract.The results suggest that an enzyme, capable of excising thymine dimers, is present in the radioresistant cell as part of the system of repair of DNA from UV irradiation, and its mechanism is demonstrated, both in vivo and in vitro.
Facile synthesis of novel fluorescent phenol formaldehyde resin nanospheres for drug release (2020)

Abstract A highly‐efficient nano‐medical carrier system was constructed for drug release based on a facile synthesis, excellent fluorescence, and structure of phenol formaldehyde resin (PFR). The PFR was easily synthesized through a simple one‐step hydrothermal reaction, reduction and etching process, and a silane coupling agent modification process. The multiple functionalized drug delivery system, defined as PFR‐NH 2 @DOX was constructed by loading Adriamycin (DOX) into PFR. Drug release results in vitro displayed a DOX content of 145 mg g −1 prodrug nanosphere has excellent pH‐triggered drug release (about 84.71%) within 72 h at pH 5 solution. The fluorescence recovery of PFR after DOX release indicates the potential application in fluorescence imaging and controlled drug release.
Tertiary Structure Is a Principal Determinant to Protein Deamidation (1988)

The protein deamidation process involves the conversion of the amide side-chain moieties of asparagine and glutamine residues to carboxyl groups. This conversion is an unusual form of protein modification in that it requires catalysis by an intramolecular reaction where both the substrate (asparagine and glutamine side chains) and "catalytic site" (the peptide nitrogen of the succeeding residue) are constituents of several consecutive residues along the polypeptide chain. The stereochemical factors governing this process were studied with a data base derived from the neutron crystallographic structure of trypsin from which amide groups and oxygen can be unambiguously differentiated because of their different neutron scattering properties. The neutron structure allowed for the direct determination of those residues that were deamidated; 3 of 13 asparagine residues were found to be modified. These modified residues were clearly distinguished by a distinct local conformation and hydrogen-bonding structure in contrast to those observed for the other asparagine residues. No correlation was found between preference to deamidate and the chemical character of residues flanking the site, as had been proposed from previous peptide studies.
Oncolytic HSV and Erlotinib Inhibit Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis in a Novel Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Xenograft Model (2007)

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), driven in part by hyperactive Ras and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling, are often incurable. Testing of therapeutics for MPNST has been hampered by lack of adequate xenograft models. We previously documented that human MPNST cells are permissive for lytic infection by oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV). Herein we developed and characterized a xenograft model of human MPNST and evaluated the antitumor effects of oHSV mutants (G207 and hrR3) and the EGFR inhibitor, erlotinib. Additive cytotoxicity of these agents was found in human MPNST cell lines, suggesting that EGFR signaling is not critical for virus replication. Mice bearing human MPNST tumors treated with G207 or hrR3 by intraperitoneal or intratumoral injection showed tumor-selective virus biodistribution, virus replication, and reduced tumor burden. oHSV injection demonstrated more dramatic antitumor activity than erlotinib. Combination therapies showed a trend toward an increased antiproliferative effect. Both oHSV and erlotinib were antiangiogenic as measured by proangiogenic gene expression, effect on endothelial cells and xenograft vessel density. Overall, oHSVs showed highly potent antitumor effects against MPNST xenografts, an effect not diminished by EGFR inhibition. Our data suggest that inclusion of MPNSTs in clinical trials of oHSV is warranted.
Protective Effects of Ferulic Acid in Amyloid Precursor Protein Plus Presenilin-1 Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease (2012)

We previously reported the protective effects of long-term administration of ferulic acid against the in vivo toxicity of β-amyloid peptide administered intracerebroventricularly in mice. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ferulic acid in transgenic amyloid precursor protein (APP)swe/presenilin 1 (PS1)dE9 (APP/PS1) mouse model of Alzheimer disease (AD). Chronic (for 6 months from the age of 6 to 12 months) oral administration of ferulic acid at a dose of 5.3 mg/kg/day significantly enhanced the performance in novel-object recognition task, and reduced amyloid deposition and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that ferulic acid at a certain dosage could be useful for prevention and treatment of AD.
Lower Protocol Layers for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey (2005)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been attracting increasing interests in the development of a new generation of embedded systems with great potential for many applications such as surveillance, environment monitoring, emergency medical response and home automation. However, the communication paradigms in Wireless Sensor Networks differ from the ones attributed to traditional wireless networks, triggering the need for new communication protocols and mechanisms. In this Technical Report, we present a survey on communication protocols for WSNs with a particular emphasis on the lower protocol layers. We give a particular focus to the MAC (Medium Access Control) sub-layer, since it has a prominent influence on some relevant requirements that must be satisfied by WSN protocols, such as energy consumption, time performance and scalability. We overview some relevant MAC protocol solutions and discuss how they tackle the trade-off
Interconnection of heterogeneous defense data networks (2003)

The authors discuss fundamental issues of interconnection of heterogeneous data networks where users access to long-haul networks, as well as to local-premises networks. Methods of interconnecting data networks are introduced, and their performance results are studied in detail. For each of the interconnection methods, various aspects of network performance and their implications for network planning are studied. The three major interconnection methods are the use of gateways, the use of statistical multiplexers, and the interconnection via PBXs (private branch exchanges). Next, some conditions under which the gateway interconnection gives better/worse performance, in terms of minimizing the mean end-to-end packet delays, than the multiplexer interconnection are derived. The authors also describe the PBX interconnection as another promising alternative and discuss related performance factors.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A statistical modeling approach to content based video retrieval (2003)

Statistical: modeling for content based retrieval is examined in the context of recent TREC Video benchmark exercise. The TREC Video exercise can be viewed as a test bed for evaluation and comparison of a variety of different algorithms on a set of high-level queries for multimedia retrieval. We report on the use of techniques adopted from statistical learning theory. Our method depends on training of models based on large data sets. Particularly, we use statistical models such as Gaussian mixture models to build computational representations for a variety of semantic concepts including rocket-launch, outdoor greenery, sky etc. Training requires a large amount of annotated (labeled) data. Thus, we explore the use of active learning for the annotation engine that minimizes the number of training samples to be labeled for satisfactory performance.