gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carrier-carrier correlations in an optically excited single semiconductor quantum dot (2000)

We applied low-temperature diffraction-limited confocal optical microscopy to spatially resolve and spectroscopically study photoluminescence from single self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots. Using selective wavelength imaging we unambiguously demonstrated that a single photoexcited quantum dot emits light in a few very narrow spectral lines. The measured spectrum and its dependence on the power of either cw or pulsed excitation are explained by taking carrier correlations into account. We solve numerically a many-body Hamiltonian for a model quantum dot, and we show that the multiline emission spectrum is due to optical transitions between confined exciton multiplexes. We furthermore show that the electron-electron and hole-hole exchange interaction is responsible for the typical appearance of pairs in the photoluminescence spectra and for the appearance of redshifted new lines as the excitation power increases. The fact that only a few spectral lines appear in the emission spectrum strongly indicates fast thermalization. This means that a multiexciton relaxes to its ground state much faster than its radiative lifetime.
Assertion-based flow monitoring of SystemC models (2014)

SystemC is the de facto standard system-modeling language for hardware-software systems. A concurrent and reactive hardware-software system performs different “jobs” during its execution. Each such job begins with a set of input data, flows through different processes in the system, and finally produces a set of output data. We call such a job a flow, since it flows from one process to another. Flows are dynamic and concurrent; a flow can begin anytime during the simulation and the system can process multiple flows at the same time. We provide a library for explicitly implementing flows in a SystemC model or annotating flows in an existing SystemC model with minimal modification. We also provide an automated monitoring framework for monitoring properties of flows. Such properties capture the reactive nature of a system naturally and are intuitive to write. Our experimental results show that the framework adds minimal simulation runtime overhead.
THE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDES OF DERMATOPHYTES: I. A GALACTOMANNAN FROM TRICHOPHYTON GRANULOSUM (1962)

A galactomannan containing D-galactose (16%) and D-mannose (84%) has been isolated from the water-soluble polysaccharides of Trichophyton granulosum. Methylation studies showed that the structure was highly branched, the predominant structural feature being a chain of α-D-mannopyranose units joined together by an equal number of 1 → 2 and 1 → 6 linkages. About 22% of the D-mannose units were doubly substituted at positions 2,6; 2,4; and 2,3 to form branch points. The branches were terminated by D-mannopyranose and D-galactofuranose residues, the latter accounting for all of the D-galactose present in the polysaccharide.
Detecting bursty events in collaborative tagging systems (2010)

Collaborative tagging systems have emerged as an ubiquitous way to annotate and organize online resources. The users' tagging actions over time reflect the changing of their interests. In this paper, we propose to detect bursty tagging event, which captures the relations among a group of correlated tags where the tags are either bursty or associated with bursty tag co-occurrence. We exploit the sliding time intervals to extract bursty features from large tag corpora as the first step, and then adopt graph clustering techniques to group bursty features into meaningful bursty events. An experimental study demonstrates the superiority of our approach.
A massive new posttranslational modification occurs on axonemal tubulin at the final step of spermatogenesis in Drosophila. (1995)

Using two antibodies raised against Paramecium axonemal tubulin, a monoclonal antibody, AXO 49 (Callen et al., Biol. Cell 81, 95-119 (1994)), and a polyclonal antibody, PAT (Cohen et al., Biol. Cell 44, 35-44 (1982)), which have been shown elsewhere to detect a new posttranslational modification of tubulin presumably corresponding to polyglycylation, we have analyzed the occurrence of this modification during spermatogenesis in Drosophila. Results obtained by immunofluorescence on cysts isolated by laceration of testes showed that the antibodies reacted on axonemal microtubules of several species within the genus. Observation of different stages of differentiation of D. obscura sperm cells indicated, first, that the epitopes reactive with both antibodies appeared at late stages, and secondly, that they were detected simultaneously along all axonemes within a cyst. Immunofluorescence on semithin sections and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry on ultrathin sections confirmed that the appearance of the epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody occurred at the time of the individualization process of spermatids in D. melanogaster. These results indicate that the posttranslational modification occurs as a very late event, after complete assembly of axonemal microtubules, and that the axonemal tubulin becomes modified when axonemal microtubules become coupled with the membrane, suggesting that the modification may in some way be induced by the microtubule-membrane interaction.
Consumer evaluation and response to philanthropic advertising. (2023)

A special note of gratitude also goes to Beth Power and Jeff Marks.Beth's fine editing of this document allowed me to remove more than a few extra commas.Jeff's help in reproducing the multitude of pages necessary for the study, saved a great deal of time and effort.Finally, and not least, I would like to express my appreciation and friendship to my fellow Ph.D
Similar Effectiveness of Paroxetine, Fluoxetine, and Sertraline in Primary Care (2001)

The SSRI antidepressants paroxetine, fluoxetine, and sertraline were similar in effectiveness for depressive symptoms as well as multiple domains of health-related quality of life over the entire 9 months of this trial.
Collagen fibril orientation in the human corneal stroma and its implication in keratoconus. (1997)

The normal human corneal stroma shows a considerable degree of structural anisotropy. It is characterized by two preferred collagen fibril orientations orthogonal to each other. Alteration of the regular orthogonal arrangement of the fibrils in keratoconus may be related to the biomechanical instability of the tissue.
The impact of physician, patient, and market characteristics on appropriateness of physician practice in the ambulatory setting. (1991)

Many studies that have investigated variations in medical practice have focused on inpatient procedures and have relied, to a large extent, on publicly available data. This dissertation examines the outpatient experience of a major private purchaser of medical care benefits, utilizing claims data from a large employer-based health care information system. The percent of outpatient medical procedures exceeding (failing) maximum threshold frequencies is profiled for over four hundred physicians in four cities treating over 20,000 patients for one of three clinical conditions. Using multiple regression analysis, the role of selected physician and patient characteristics in predicting physician compliance with a set of clinically-developed practice guidelines now being used nationally by several health care insurers is quantified. Major factors found to account for variation in physician ordering of outpatient medical services include years since graduation from medical school and physician specialty. Physicians with fewer than fifteen years since graduation from medical school had a significantly lower (P =.018) percent procedures fail rate than physicians who had been out of school fifteen or more years. Physicians in the former category exceeded recommended use of outpatient medical services only 10.2% of the time, compared to physicians in the latter category who exceeded recommended service frequencies 13.1% of the time. Primary care physicians had a significantly higher (P =.001) percent procedures fail rate than specialists. Two types of referral bias are discussed as potentially contributing to this study's finding that specialists conform more closely than primary care physicians to recommended practice guidelines. Although limited to three clinical conditions, the results of this dissertation suggest that variation in physician use of outpatient medical resources exists, and that such variation can be explained, in part, by individual physician characteristics. More research is needed on the link between these characteristics and the appropriateness of physician practice in the ambulatory setting, and on the ability to influence physician behavior as needed.
Performance of Di‐ <i>n</i> ‐Hexyl phthalate in flexible vinyl formulations (1999)

Abstract Low‐molecular‐weight esters have been available to the PVC compounder for many years. They have found a significant niche in the performance vs. permanence compromise as a compound ingredient that provides manufacturing efficiency or some special property with adequate permanence for many vinyl applications. In many respects, low‐molecular‐weight esters are the processing aids of the plasticizer family. This group of plasticizers may be said to include C 4 to C 7 dialkyl phthalates, the benzyl phthalates and the benzoic acid esters. This paper will introduce and compare di‐ n ‐hexyl phthalate (DNHP) to other phthalates against which it will directly compete.
Estimation of Body Weight and Body Surface Area in Swamp Buffaloes using Visual Image Analysis (2012)

The three dimensional computerized visual image analysis was performed to evaluate the body weight (BW) and body surface area (BSA) in swamp buffaloes. Nineteen swamp buffaloes were measured the conformation by linear measurement compared to 3D body scanner at different points : body height (A), heart girth (B), shoulder width (C), iliac width (D), ischial tuberosity width (E), the length between shoulder and ileac wing (F, G), the length between ileal wing to ischial tuberosity (H, I) and the length between shoulder to ischial tuberosity (J1, J2). The significant correlation was found between these two methods. The 3D body scanner was then performed in 28 males and 39 females for BW and 68 males and 74 non-pregnant and 31 pregnant females for BSA estimation. The appropriate models to estimate BW in buffaloes were BW = - 1174.07 + 4.31 (B) + 7.75 (FG) (R2 = 0.76, P<0.001), BW (male) = -1265.99 + 4.94(B) + 14.41(D) (R2 = 0.81; P<0.001) and BW (female) = -563.66 + 7.94 (C) + 14.77 (E) (R2 = 0.86; P<0.001). For BSA, the appropriate equations were BSA = -4.31 + 0.034(A) + 0.036 (J1J2) (R2 = 0.82, P<0.001), BSA (male) = -4.01 + 0.032 (A) + 0.037 (J1J2) (R2 = 0.816, P<0.001) and BSA (female) = -3.50 + 0.013(A) + 0.012 (B) + 0.040 (E) + 0.015 (J1J2) (R2 = 0.916, P<0.001). In conclusion, the 3D body scanner can be used to estimate BW and BSA in buffaloes with different models among males and females.
Characterization of crosstalk-induced noise for 0.18 μm CMOS technology with 6-level metallization using time domain reflectometry and S-parameters (2003)

Crosstalk-induced noise of 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS Technology is characterized using time domain reflectometry and scattering parameters. The interconnect lines are quantitatively modeled in RF range, whose accuracy was verified with the use of TDR data and its comparison with HSPICE simulation. The modeled interconnect line is used to simulate comprehensively crosstalk-induced noise voltage in various real routing environments using HSPICE. The crosstalk voltage exhibited a strong dependence on line width rather than line space.
An environment for mobile context-based hypermedia retrieval (2004)

This paper proposes a novel solution to querying hyperlinked multimedia cultural heritage datasets based on the user's context. Context in this sense is defined as the user's location in virtual space and the particular mobile device being modeled together with user preferences or profile. The purpose is to automatically push relevant data from the database server to the client based on this comprehensive definition of the user's context. Consideration in regard to which mobile device is currently being modeled is a primary filter for determining what data will be sent and in what format. For example, image data will not be sent to a mobile phone and video will not be sent to a PDA. The CHI (Cultural Heritage Interfaces) project differs from many of the models encountered on the Web in that its primary focus is not the accurate 3D rendering of a street/landscape, but the simulation of such a physical reality to explore the adaptive hypermedia paradigm in the context of a spatial navigation interface.
Long-term nicotine exposure increases aortic endothelial cell death and enhances transendothelial macromolecular transport in rats. (1992)

Repeated endothelial cell injury has been suggested as an initiating factor in atherogenesis. Dying or dead endothelial cells have been shown to make significant contributions to the local enhancement of transendothelial macromolecular transport. Since cigarette smoking is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis, we examined the hypothesis that smoking accelerates atherogenesis by increasing the frequency of endothelial cell death and hence transendothelial macromolecular transport. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were given nicotine at a weight-adjusted dose of 5 mg/kg body wt per day in their drinking water over a period of 6 weeks. A group of 16 age-matched male Sprague-Dawley rats not exposed to nicotine and maintained over the same time period served as the control group. In en face preparations of thoracic aorta, immunoglobulin G-containing dying or dead endothelial cells were identified by the indirect immunoperoxidase method, and endothelial leakage to Evans blue-albumin (EBA) complexes (5 minutes after intravenous injection) was visualized by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that in nicotine-treated rats, 51% of dead endothelial cells were associated with EBA leakage, which was responsible for 57% of total EBA leaky foci. Both the frequency of endothelial cell death (0.94 +/- 0.11% versus 0.40 +/- 0.04%, p < 0.0001 by two-tailed, unpaired Student's t test) and the number density of EBA leaky foci (6.45 +/- 1.23/mm2 versus 3.30 +/- 0.49/mm2, p < 0.05 by two-tailed, unpaired t test) were significantly greater in nicotine-treated rats than in control rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Simultaneous thickness and group index measurement using optical low-coherence reflectometry (1992)

Using high-resolution optical reflectometry, group index and physical thickness can both be determined by precisely measuring optical time delays through a sample. Optical low-coherence reflectometry offers both the high-spatial resolution and large dynamic range required to perform accurate measurements using this technique.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Detecting HTTP Botnet with Clustering Network Traffic (2012)

Botnet is a great threat of the Internet nowadays. For now, Botnet has transformed to the complex one based on HTTP, P2P protocols from the simple Botnets which based on IRC protocol. In this paper, we evaluate the key features of HTTP Botnet and design a new method to detect the HTTP Botnet based on feature analysis. The experiment result shows that our method is effective and efficient on detecting HTTP Botnet.
“Way Smarter”: Valuair in the budget airline industry (2013)

Title – “Way smarter”: Valuair in the budget airline industry. Subject area – Strategic management and marketing. Study level/applicability – Executive education; postgraduate; undergraduate. Case overview – By 2004, the low-cost carrier model had just recently been introduced to Southeast Asia. Airlines under this model quickly began taking market share. Singapore ' s first budget carrier, Valuair, finds itself in fierce competition between two rapidly emerging competitors in the second half of 2004. Valuair needs to expand in order to remain competitive. However, for this to happen the company needs additional access to capital. The CEO, Sim Kay Wee, has begun pitching to investors that his company is a smart low-risk investment. Is Sim right, given Valuair ' s competitive position and the market environment in which it operates? Expected learning outcomes – Students will be able to apply strategic frameworks in order to develop an understanding of Valuair ' s market position and use this understanding to advice investment decisions. Supplementary materials – Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or e-mail support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Paternal Age and Schizophrenia: Further Support for an Association (2002)

These findings confirm previous reports of a higher risk for schizophrenia associated with advanced paternal age. They may be of interest for further studies on the genetic mechanisms behind schizophrenia.
TAT Peptide and Its Conjugates: Proteolytic Stability (2009)

The proteolytic cleavage of TATp, TATp-PEG(1000)-PE conjugate (TATp-conjugate), and TATp as TATp-conjugate in mixed micelles made of TATp-conjugate and PEG(5000)-PE (2.5% mol of TATp-conjugate, TATp-Mic) were studied by HPLC with fluorescent detection using fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) labeling and by MALDI-TOF MS analysis. The cleavage kinetics were analyzed in human blood plasma and in trypsin-containing phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, to simulate the proteolytic activity of human plasma. The trypsinolysis of free TATp, TATp-conjugate, and TATp-Mic revealed that the main initial fragmentation is an endocleavage at the carboxyl terminus resulting in an Arg-Arg (RR) dimer. The trypsinolysis followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The cleavage of the free TATp was relatively fast with a half-life of a few minutes (t(1/2) ∼ 3.5 min). The TATp-conjugate showed more stability with about a 3-fold increase in half-life (t(1/2) ∼ 10 min). TATp in TATp-Mic was highly protected against proteolysis with an over 100-fold increase in half-life (t(1/2) ∼ 430 min). The shielding of TATp by PEG moieties in the proposed TATp-Mic is of great importance for its potential use as a cell-penetrating moiety for multifunctional "smart" drug delivery systems with detachable PEG.
Barley Yellow Dwarf Disease in Natural Populations of Dominant Tallgrass Prairie Species in Kansas (2004)

The grasses Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass), Schizachyrium scoparium (little bluestem), Panicum virgatum (switchgrass), and Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) are four of the most common plant species present in a tallgrass prairie (1). Infection with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV, family Luteoviridae) is of interest in these species because of the potential effects of the virus on tallgrass prairie plant communities and the potential for tallgrass prairie to function as a reservoir of the virus for infection in wheat or barley fields. In a previous inoculation experiment, an unidentified strain of BYDV transmitted by the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi was reported to infect S. scoparium but none of the other three grass species (2). We sampled for the presence of five virus strains in at least 50 blooming plants of each grass species in a natural tallgrass prairie stand in August 2000. Samples were collected in watersheds that were designated 1B, 1D, K1A, 20B, and 20C at Konza Prairie Biological Station in the Flint Hills near Manhattan, KS. To detect the virus, we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with antibodies purchased from Agdia (Elkhart, IN). For the PAV, MAV, RMV, and SGV strains, we used double-antibody sandwich ELISA with alkaline phosphatase label. For Cereal yellow dwarf virus (RPV), we used compound direct ELISA with alkaline phosphatase label. The scoring of ELISA results was based on comparison with infected and uninfected control plants of the same species. Symptoms of infection in the field were difficult to interpret visually, since plants in this natural environment often showed multiple symptoms of stress. None of the five strains were detected in 51 individuals of S. nutans. For 50 individuals of S. scoparium, the incidence of infection by the different strains was 4% for MAV, 0% for PAV, 2% for RMV, 0% for RPV, and 58% for SGV. For 51 individuals of P. virgatum, the incidence of infection was 31% for MAV, 0% for PAV, 0% for RMV, 0% for RPV, and 4% for SGV. For 64 individuals of A. gerardii, the incidence of infection was 59% for MAV, 0% for PAV, 0% for RMV, 0% for RPV, and 3% for SGV. The impact of BYDV on these tallgrass prairie species remains to be determined. The PAV strain is the most commonly reported strain in wheat in Kansas but was not recovered from these grass species. References: (1) C. C. Freeman. The flora of Konza Prairie: A historical review and contemporary patterns. Pages 69-80 in: Grassland Dynamics. A. K. Knapp et al., eds. Oxford, 1998. (2) W. N. Stoner. Plant Dis. Rep. 60:593, 1976.
Aβpp secretases are co-expressed with Aβpp in the pancreatic islets (2001)

Amyloid beta protein precursor is cleaved by beta- and gamma-secretases to produce Abeta peptides which deposit in amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. A recently identified beta-site cleaving enzyme (BACE) appears to fulfill the requirements for beta-secretase, and presenilin-1 (PS1) appears to constitute the catalytic component of gamma-secretase. Each protein has a close homologue (BACE2 and PS2, respectively), whose roles in AbetaPP cleavage remain uncertain. All four of these genes have been reported to be expressed in the human pancreas, but the cell types expressing these genes remains unknown. We demonstrate here the cell-specific expression of AbetaPP, BACE, BACE2, PS1, and PS2 in the human pancreas. The insulin-producing betacells were found to express AbetaPP, BACE and PS2 at high levels, and PS1 at a lower level. The other islet cell types expressed none of these five genes. By contrast, the exocrine ductal cells of the pancreas expressed AbetaPP and BACE2 selectively. These results suggest that secretase inhibitors under development for the treatment of AD, particularly those that target BACE, may have potential for adverse effects on pancreatic beta cell function, and therefore glycemic control.
Involvement of Tn4430 in transfer of Bacillus anthracis plasmids mediated by Bacillus thuringiensis plasmid pXO12 (1989)

The self-transmissible plasmid pXO12 (112.5 kilobases [kb]), originally isolated from strain 4042A of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis, codes for production of the insecticidal crystal protein (Cry+). The mechanism of pXO12-mediated plasmid transfer was investigated by monitoring the cotransfer of the tetracycline resistance plasmid pBC16 (4.2 kb) and the Bacillus anthracis toxin and capsule plasmids, pXO1 (168 kb) and pXO2 (85.6 kb), respectively. In matings of B. anthracis donors with B. anthracis and Bacillus cereus recipients, the number of Tcr transcipients ranged from 4.8 x 10(4) to 3.9 x 10(6)/ml (frequencies ranged from 1.6 x 10(-4) to 7.1 x 10(-2), and 0.3 to 0.4% of them simultaneously inherited pXO1 or pXO2. Physical analysis of the transferred plasmids suggested that pBC16 was transferred by the process of donation and that the large B. anthracis plasmids were transferred by the process of conduction. The transfer of pXO1 and pXO2 involved the transposition of Tn4430 from pXO12 onto these plasmids. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments demonstrated that Tn4430 was located on a 16.0-kb AvaI fragment of pXO12. Examination of Tra- and Cry- derivatives of pXO12 showed that this fragment also harbored information involved in crystal formation and was adjacent to a restriction fragment containing DNA sequences carrying information required for conjugal transfer.