gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Does Valproate Pose a Threat to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients? (1999)

Department of Psychiatry; New York University/Bellevue Medical Center; First Avenue and 27th Street; New York, New York 10016
Role of cytochrome P450 in hydrazine toxicity in isolated hepatocytes in vitro (1995)

1. Hepatocytes, isolated from the control, diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDC), acetone, isoniazed and hydrazine pretreated rat, were incubated with hydrazine (8-20 mM) for 3 h. Hydrazine caused a dose-dependent loss of viability, leakage of LDH, depletion of GSH and ATP and an inhibition of the incorporation of 3H-leucine into protein. 2. Pretreatment with DEDC increased, whereas hydrazine and acetone pretreatments decreased the cytoxicity and biochemical effects of hydrazine. Pretreatment with isoniazid slightly increased hydrazine cytotoxicity. Acetone pretreatment reduced the inhibition of protein synthesis caused by hydrazine compared to the control. 3. 4-Nitrophenol hydroxylase activity (P4502E1) correlated with viability, LDH leakage, ATP and GSH depletion in cells from the control, DEDC, acetone and hydrazine pretreated rats. 4. The activities of PROD (P4502B1) and EROD (P4501A1/1A2) also correlated with the above parameters for all treatments. The results suggest that three isoenzymes may be involved in the detoxication of hydrazine. Protein synthesis inhibition did not correlate with the activities of any of the enzymes measured.
Optimal discretization of analog filters via sampled-data H<sup>&#x221E;</sup> control theory (2013)

In this article, we propose optimal discretization of analog filters (or controllers) based on the theory of sampled-data H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sup> control. We formulate the discretization problem as minimization of the H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sup> norm of the error system between a (delayed) target analog filter and a digital system including an ideal sampler, a zero-order hold, and a digital filter. The problem is reduced to discrete-time H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∞</sup> optimization via the fast sample/hold approximation method. We also extend the proposed method to multirate systems. Feedback controller discretization by the proposed method is discussed with respect to stability. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum in Organic Electrolytes under Nearly Anhydrous Conditions (1995)

When aluminum metal was anodically oxidized in quarternary ammonium carboxylate/γ‐butyrolactone electrolytes under nearly anhydrous conditions, very different oxide films were formed: the phthalate solution gave a fibrous porous‐type film where phthalate anion was slightly incorporated only on the surface, whereas maleate solution afforded a barrier‐type composite aluminum oxide film which contained substantial amounts of maleate anion as an oxygen source.
The Determination of Consecutive Formation Constants of Complex Ions from Polarographic Data (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Determination of Consecutive Formation Constants of Complex Ions from Polarographic DataDonald D. DeFord and David N. HumeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 11, 5321–5322Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01155a093https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01155a093research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views638Altmetric-Citations480LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
CCAAT-Enhancer-binding Proteins (C/EBP) Regulate the Tissue Specific Activity of the CD11c Integrin Gene Promoter Through Functional Interactions with Sp1 Proteins (1997)

The CD11c/CD18 integrin binds lipopolysaccharide, fibrinogen, and heparin, and mediates leukocyte adhesion, spreading, and migration. CD11c/CD18 is primarily found on myeloid cells and its expression is regulated during myeloid differentiation by transcriptional mechanisms acting on the CD11c gene promoter. We now describe that CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) contribute to the basal, tissue-specific and developmentally regulated activity of the CD11c promoter. A C/EBP-binding site within the CD11c promoter (CEBP-80) is bound by CEBPalpha in undifferentiated U937 cells and by C/EBPalpha- and C/EBPbeta-containing dimers in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-differentiating cells, and its disruption decreased the CD11c promoter activity in a cell type-dependent manner. C/EBPalpha transactivated the CD11c promoter through the CEBP-80 element, and C/EBPalpha transactivation was also dependent on the Sp1-70- and Sp1-120 Sp1-binding sites. The -90/-50 fragment from the CD11c promoter, containing the adjacent CEBP-80, Sp1-70, and AP1-60 sites, differentially enhanced the activity of the minimal prolactin promoter in hematopoietic and epithelial cells. Altogether, these results demonstrate that C/EBP factors participate in the tissue-restricted and regulated expression of the CD11c/CD18 integrin through functional interactions with Sp1, suggest that Sp1-related factors modulate C/EBPalpha transcriptional activity on the CD11c promoter, and demonstrate the existence of a composite regulatory element recognized by C/EBP, Sp1, and AP-1 factors and whose enhancing effects are cell-type dependent.
Evaluation of shared digital economy adoption: Case of Airbnb (2014)

Electronic market is a new economic space created by the development of the Internet and it has more than a billion of potential customers. In addition to all of the elements that define a classic market, e-market generates entirely new ways of doing business, such as the shared economy. Shared economy is a sustainable economic system built around the sharing of private assets. This rather new system mostly relies on information technology (P2P) to empower individuals and other profit and non-profit organizations with ways of sharing excess capacity in goods, knowledge and services. Considering the fact that reliance and safety are crucial factors when it comes to sharing private assets, the value of those assets is increased just by sharing information about them. Airbnb.com, as an outstanding example of the new e-business model, enables individuals to rent their unoccupied living space and other short-term accommodation to guests. Besides being a rental mediator, Airbnb is also a social network used by its users to exchange experiences and interests related to traveling. The research was conducted by an online survey that was posted on the Airbnb Facebook wall. The objective of this research is to determine the structure of Airbnb users and certain advantages and disadvantages of this type of ebusiness. The data acquired by this research was processed by the methods of descriptive statistics.
Bilateral movement training promotes axonal remodeling of the corticospinal tract and recovery of motor function following traumatic brain injury in mice (2013)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in severe motor function impairment, and subsequent recovery is often incomplete. Rehabilitative training is considered to promote restoration of the injured neural network, thus facilitating functional recovery. However, no studies have assessed the effect of such trainings in the context of neural rewiring. Here, we investigated the effects of two types of rehabilitative training on corticospinal tract (CST) plasticity and motor recovery in mice. We injured the unilateral motor cortex with contusion, which induced hemiparesis on the contralesional side. After the injury, mice performed either a single pellet-reaching task (simple repetitive training) or a rotarod task (bilateral movement training). Multiple behavioral tests were then used to assess forelimb motor function recovery: staircase, ladder walk, capellini handling, single pellet, and rotarod tests. The TBI+rotarod group performed most forelimb motor tasks (staircase, ladder walk, and capellini handling tests) better than the TBI-only group did. In contrast, the TBI+reaching group did not perform better except in the single pellet test. After the injury, the contralateral CST, labeled by biotinylated dextran amine, formed sprouting fibers into the denervated side of the cervical spinal cord. The number of these fibers was significantly higher in the TBI+rotarod group, whereas it did not increase in the TBI+reaching group. These results indicate that bilateral movement training effectively promotes axonal rewiring and motor function recovery, whereas the effect of simple repetitive training is limited.
Collaborative Defence (2000)

Computing operates in an almost universally networked environment, but the technical aspects of information protection have not kept up. As a result, the success of information security programmes has increasingly become a function of our ability to make prudent management decisions about organizational activities. Managing Network Security takes a management view of protection and seeks to reconcile the need for security with the limitations of technology.
Photochemical Reactions of Imidazole-1-Sulfonates (Imidazylates) (1998)

Abstract Imidazylates 1-3 were irradiated in methanol in the presence and in the absence of the electron donortriethylamine. In each case photochemical deprotection occurred in excellent yield to form the partially protected sugar from which the imidazylate was synthesized. Reactions in the presence of triethylamine required much shorter irradiation times.
The capital, energy, and time economics of an automated, on-demand transportation system (1993)

Many transit and rail planners believe that the only way to decrease the capital and operating cost of rail and transit systems is to decrease the size and weight of the vehicles. The authors discuss the requirements of such a downsized transportation system and the benefits to be gained by decreasing the size of the operational vehicles. Not only can the capital and operating cost of the system be dramatically decreased, but the operational requirements of a system involving the use of smaller vehicles permits its use as an on-demand system, further increasing system utility to the passenger and system operator. The capital cost, energy economics, and the economics of the CyberTran transportation system are reviewed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Dynamically Resizable Instruction Cache: An Energy-Efficient and High-Performance Deep-Submicron Instruction Cache (2000)

Increasing levels of on-chip integration have enabled steady improvements in modem microprocessor performance, but have also resulted in high energy dissipation. Deep-submicron CMOS designs maintain high transistor switching speeds by scaling down the supply voltage and proportionately reducing the transistor threshold voltage. Lowering the threshold voltage increases leakage energy dissipation due to an exponential increase in the leakage current flowing through a transistor even when the transistor is not switching. Estimates from the VLSI circuit community suggest a five-fold increase in leakage energy dissipation in every future generation. Modem microarchitectures aggravate the leakage energy problem by investing vast resources in on-chip cache hierarchies because leakage energy grows with the number of transistors. While demand on cache hierarchies varies both within and across applications, modem caches are designed to meet the worst-case application demand, resulting in poor utilization of on-chip caches, which in turn leads to energy inefficiency. This paper explores an integrated architectural and circuit-level approach to reduce leakage energy dissipation in instruction caches (i-caches) while maintaining high performance. Using a simple adaptive scheme, we exploit the variability in application demand in a novel cache design, the Dynamically Resizable i-cache (DRI i-cache), by dynamically resizing the cache to the size required at any point in application execution. At the circuit-level, the DRI i-cache employs a novel mechanism, called gatedmVddw, hich effectively turns off the supply voltage to the SRAM cells in the DRI i-cache's unused sections, virtually eliminating leakage in these sections. Ow adaptive scheme gives DRI i-caches tight control over the number of extra misses caused by resizing, enabling the DRI i-cache to contain both performance degradation and extra energy dissipation due to increased number of accesses to lower cache levels. simulations using the SPEC95 benchmarks show that a 64K DRI i-cache reduces, on average, both the leakage energy-delay product. and average size by 62%, with less than 4% impact on execution time.
Fine-Tuned Photoactive and Interconnection Layers for Achieving over 13% Efficiency in a Fullerene-Free Tandem Organic Solar Cell (2017)

Fabricating organic solar cells (OSCs) with a tandem structure has been considered an effective method to overcome the limited light absorption spectra of organic photovoltaic materials. Currently, the most efficient tandem OSCs are fabricated by adopting fullerene derivatives as acceptors. In this work, we designed a new non-fullerene acceptor with an optical band gap (E<sub>g</sub><sup>opt</sup>) of 1.68 eV for the front subcells and optimized the phase-separation morphology of a fullerene-free active layer with an E<sub>g</sub><sup>opt</sup> of 1.36 eV to fabricate the rear subcell. The two subcells show a low energy loss and high external quantum efficiency, and their photoresponse spectra are complementary. In addition, an interconnection layer (ICL) composed of ZnO and a pH-neutral self-doped conductive polymer, PCP-Na, with high light transmittance in the near-IR range was developed. From the highly optimized subcells and ICL, solution-processed fullerene-free tandem OSCs with an average power conversion efficiency (PCE) greater than 13% were obtained.
How to Enhance the Effectiveness of Postal Education and Training (2008)

为打造一支具备一流的知识、技能和素质水平的邮政职工队伍,促进邮政企业发展,必须重视和加强邮政职工的教育培训工作.文章从培训体制、培训需求分析、培训评估几方面对如何提高邮政教育培训的实效进行了初步探讨.
3D Printing of Electro Mechanical Systems (2013)

Recent research has focused on the fabrication freedom of 3D printing to not only create conceptual models but final end-use products as well. By democratizing the manufacturing process, products will inevitably be fabricated locally and with unit-level customization. For 3D printed end-use products to be profoundly meaningful, the fabrication technologies will be required to enhance the structures with additional features such as electromechanical content. In the last decade, several research groups have reported embedding electronic components and electrical interconnect into 3D printed structures during process interruptions. However, to date there appears to be an absence of fabricated devices with electromechanical functionality in which moving parts with electronic control have been created within a single Additive Manufacturing (AM) build sequence. Moreover, previously reported 3D printed electronics were limited by the use of conductive inks, which serve as electrical interconnect and are commonly known for inadequate conductivity. This paper describes the fabrication of a high current (>1 amp) electromechanical device through a single hybrid AM build sequence using a uPrint Plus, a relatively low cost 3D. Additionally, a novel integrated process for embedding high performance conductors directly into the thermoplastic FDM substrate is demonstrated. By avoiding low conductivity inks, high power electromechanical applications are enabled such as 3D printed robotics, UAVs and biomedical devices.
A method for minimum-interference OFDM time synchronization (2003)

We present a new method for OFDM time synchronization in dispersive channels. Like previous methods, this technique utilizes the signal correlation generated from the cyclic prefix. However, some methods do not fully incorporate the effects of the channel and implicitly assume the channel is either non-dispersive or is shorter than the cyclic-prefix length. Moreover, some techniques based upon maximum likelihood (ML) estimation are not entirely consistent with a more important goal of minimizing the interference or BER of the system. Our new method, based upon computed statistics of the received samples, tackles both of these issues, and preliminary results outperform the ML method.
Trehalose and Abiotic Stress in Biological Systems (2011)

Any non-living factors that affect negatively living organisms are reunited under the general term "abiotic stress" and its effects can be and are mitigated by a variety of defense mechanisms developed by the different biological systems in existence. Examples of abiotic stress are desiccation, salinity, high and low temperature. There are two general mechanisms used to counteract abiotic stress: avoidance and adaptation. In the case of avoidance, organisms migrate to deeper soil layers where temperatures are within tolerable range Adaptation to stress is based on activation of stress defense gene pathways, which results in the production of heat shock proteins, LEA proteins, redox regulating proteins, different compatible solutes, cytochrome P450s Trehalose, also known as tremalose or mycose, a non-reducing disaccharide, is widely spread in biological systems: bacteria, yeast, fungi, lower and higher plants, as well as insects and invertebrates It was discovered in 1832 by H.A. Wiggers in the ergot of rye and later isolated from mooshrooms by Mitscherlich in 1858, who called it mycose In the same year Berthelot isolated a novel sugar from trehala-manna, a secretion left by different insects on leaves on Middle East. He named this new sugar ''trehalique glucose'' or trehalose Initially trehalose was considered to be a rare sugar because it could only be extracted from trehala manna or the resurrection plant. Later Koch and Koch in 1925 discovered it in yeast and established basic protocols for trehalose isolation from yeast Still, the cost of trehalose production was high enough so that it limited its use for commercial exploitation. In 1990's Hayashibara company in Japan discovered a method to mass-produce trehalose inexpensively from starch. The enzymes used in the process, maltooligosyl-trehalose synthase (MTSase) and maltooligosyl-trehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase), are derived from a non-pathogenic soil bacteria, Arthrobacter sp. Trehalose has multiple functions, and some of them are species specific. In microorganisms trehalose appears to act as an energy source, during certain stages of development such as spore germination In anhydrobiotic organisms, trehalose is known to accumulate to high concentrations to survive complete dehydration Trehalose acts as a structural component in mycobacteria, being incorporated into glycolipids (Elbein, 1974). In Escherichia coli, trehalose protects against cold stress, presumably by stabilizing cell www.intechopen.com
Real‐time PCR on the first galactomannan‐positive serum sample for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients (2008)

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening complication of liver transplantation. Detection of circulating galactomannan (GM) in serum samples is a method to improve the microbiological diagnosis in patients at risk for IA. However, the assay is hampered by false-positive results. The search for circulating Aspergillus DNA in the first GM-positive sample could improve the specificity of the test. Among 484 liver transplant recipients followed in a single center over 4 years, 25 patients had at least 1 GM-positive serum sample. The threshold of GM positivity was a ratio >or=1. These 25 patients were classified by the clinicians as probable IA (n=11), possible IA (n=2), and no IA (n=12) using the EORTC/MSG criteria with blinding to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results. After 1 mL aliquots of the first GM-positive serum sample were thawed, 2 independent DNA extractions were performed using the MagNA Pure Compact apparatus. Real-time amplification targeted at Aspergillus fumigatus mitochondrial DNA was performed on 10 microL of the final eluate in duplicate in the 2 independent DNA extractions using a LightCycler instrument. A sample was considered positive when the crossing point was <or=43 cycles in at least 2 out of the 4 replicates. Among the 13 probable or possible IA, 8 patients were PCR positive. The other 12 patients who had no IA were all PCR negative. Our data suggest that a concomitant real-time PCR performed on the first GM-positive sample improves the specificity of the first GM-positive assay result.
Production of a single coated glossy inkjet paper using conventional coating and calendering methods (2002)

The unique structure of precipitated and gelled silicas provides an internal and packing porosity that enables the rapid diffusion of liquid inks into the coating layer. The rapid uptake of the ink immobilizes the anionic dyes at the surface of the coating, allowing high optical print densities to be achieved. However, precipitated and gelled silicas are primarily used in matte grades since the particle size of them is typically 3-16 μm range. This study focused on the use of non-porous fumed silicas and alumina in glossy inkjet media. The coating process was a single coat blade application on a cylindrical lab coater (CLC) at speeds up to 920 m/min. The use of fumed alumina enabled gloss values of almost 70% to be achieved after 3 passes through a sheet fed soft nip calender at 60 C and 123 kN/m. The work is significant because it demonstrates the ability to produce glossy inkjet coated papers by applying a single pigmented coating layer on a blade coater and finishing with a soft nip calender. The research described herein examines the contribution of coating structure influences on inkjet print quality. The pigments used are commercially available and are currently being employed in this application.
AGU's position statement on meeting the challenges of natural hazards (2001)

Natural hazards (earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, meteors, space weather, tornadoes, volcanoes, and other geophysical phenomena) are an integral component of our dynamic planet. These can have disastrous effects on vulnerable communities and ecosystems. By understanding how and where hazards occur, what causes them, and what circumstances increase their severity we can develop effective strategies to reduce their impact. In practice, mitigating hazards requires addressing issues such as real‐time monitoring and prediction, emergency preparedness, public education and awareness, post‐disaster recovery engineering, construction practices, land use, and building codes. Coordinated approaches involving scientists, engineers, policy‐makers, builders, lenders, insurers, news media, educators, relief organizations, and the public are therefore essential to reducing the adverse effects of natural hazards.