gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A parallel method for computing the generalized singular value decomposition (1985)

We describe a new parallel algorithm for computing the generalized singular value decomposition of two n × n matrices, one of which is nonsingular. Our procedure requires O (n) time and one triangular array of O(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) processors.
Multi-channel data hiding scheme for color images (2004)

This paper presents a new watermarking technique in the spatial domain expressly devised for color images, which is based on transmit diversity techniques. The RGB tones of color images are considered as three independent slowly fading channels. Modulated by different pseudo-random sequences and interleavers, the same watermark in different forms is put into three color channels simultaneously. This scenario makes up the weakness in single color channel schemes that a single color channel is prone to severe fading. HVS characteristics of the three color channels are separately considered. We use two extraction methods: one is by comparing the energy strength of the three channels, the other is by accumulating the energy of three channels. Experimental results demonstrate the unmistakable advantage of our new approach over algorithms operating on single color channels. In contrast to the present spatial watermarking schemes, this algorithm is considerably robust to many intentional and unintentional attacks.
Reduced expression of glutamate receptors and phosphorylation of CREB are responsible for <i>in vivo</i>Δ9‐THC exposure‐impaired hippocampal synaptic plasticity (2009)

Chronic use of marijuana impairs synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. However, the molecular mechanisms by which marijuana alters long-term synaptic plasticity are largely unknown. Here, we show that repeated in vivo exposures to Delta9-THC for 7 consecutive days significantly impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission. The Delta9-THC exposure-induced decrease in LTP was prevented by pharmacological inhibition or deletion of the cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R). To determine the molecular mechanisms underlying Delta9-THC-altered LTP, we targeted expression and function of the glutamate receptors (GluR) and phosphorylation status of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Chronic in vivo exposure to Delta9-THC produced CB1R-dependent decreases in expression of hippocampal GluR1, NR2A, and NR2B, the ratio of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA)/NMDA receptor-gated currents, and phosphorylation of CREB. Our results suggest that reduced expression and function of the GluR subunits and phosphorylation of CREB may underlie the impaired long-term synaptic plasticity induced by repeated in vivo exposure to Delta9-THC.
Differential formation of hydroxyl radicals by adriamycin in sensitive and resistant MCF-7 human breast tumor cells: implications for the mechanism of action (1987)

Adriamycin-stimulated formation of .OH in sensitive and resistant subline of human breast tumor cells (MCF-7) has been examined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. It was shown that adriamycin significantly stimulated the formation of .OH spin adducts [5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO)-OH] in the sensitive cells but not in the resistant cells. By use of spin-broadening techniques and inhibition of .OH with high molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol), which does not enter intact cells, it was shown that 60-65% of adriamycin-induced .OH were located extracellularly and were metal ion dependent since they were decreased in the presence of desferal. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase and catalase, enzymes that detoxify superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, also significantly inhibited adriamycin-induced .OH formation and protected against the cytotoxicity of adriamycin. The differential .OH formation in these two cell lines is not due to diminished activities of flavin-dependent activating enzymes nor decreased accumulation of the drug in the cells but appears to be related to enhanced activities of detoxifying enzymes, particularly, glutathione peroxidases in the resistant cells.
Applications of electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures in microwave antenna designs (2003)

A mushroom-like EBG structure is utilized to design low profile circularly polarized curl antennas and microstrip antennas with suppressed surface waves. Experiments have demonstrated the validity of these designs. The EBG structure shows unique features for various wireless communication applications.
Reversible Thermodynamic Cycle for AMTEC Power Conversion (1993)

The thermodynamic cycle appropriate to an alkali metal thermal‐to‐electric converter (AMTEC) cell is discussed for both liquid‐ and vapor‐fed modes of operation, under the assumption that all processes can be performed reversibly. In the liquid‐fed mode, the reversible efficiency is greater than 89.6% of Carnot efficiency for heat input and rejection temperatures (900–1300 and 400–800 K, respectively) typical of practical devices. Vapor‐fed cells can approach the efficiency of liquid‐fed cells. Quantitative estimates confirm that the efficiency is insensitive to either the work required to pressurize the sodium liquid or the details of the state changes associated with cooling the low pressure sodium gas to the heat rejection temperature.
Bayesian Model-Based Prediction of Service Level Agreement Violations for Cloud Services (2014)

Cloud SLAs are contractually binding agreements between cloud service providers and cloud consumers. For cloud service providers, it is essential to prevent SLA violations as much as possible to enhance customer satisfaction and avoid penalty payments. Therefore, it is desirable for providers to predict possible violations before they happen. We propose an approach for predicting SLA violations, which uses measured datasets (QoS of used services) as input for a prediction model. As a feature of cloud service, we consider response-time to predict violations of SLA. The prediction model is based on Naive Bayesian Classifier, and trained using historical SLA datasets. We present the basics of our prediction approach, and also determine the most effective combinations of features for prediction, and briefly validate our approach, using a detailed real SLA datasets of cloud services. Experiments result show that the Bayesian method achieves higher accuracy compared with other prediction methods.
Functional Laser Trimming Of Thin Film Resistors On Silicon ICs (1986)

Modern Laser Wafer Trimming (LWT) technology achieves exceptional analog circuit performance and precision while maintain-ing the advantages of high production throughput and yield. Microprocessor-driven instrumentation has both emphasized the role of data conversion circuits and demanded sophisticated signal conditioning functions. Advanced analog semiconductor circuits with bandwidths over 1 GHz, and high precision, trimmable, thin-film resistors meet many of todays emerging circuit requirements. Critical to meeting these requirements are optimum choices of laser characteristics, proper materials, trimming process control, accurate modeling of trimmed resistor performance, and appropriate circuit design. Once limited exclusively to hand-crafted, custom integrated circuits, designs are now available in semi-custom circuit configurations. These are similar to those provided for digital designs and supported by computer-aided design (CAD) tools. Integrated with fully automated measurement and trimming systems, these quality circuits can now be produced in quantity to meet the requirements of communications, instrumentation, and signal processing markets.
Comparative Effectiveness of Etanercept and Adalimumab in Patient Reported Outcomes and Injection-Related Tolerability (2016)

Convenience and fear of self-injection were important considerations to patients selecting a biologic drug. Although more convenient, adalimumab associated with more ISBS than did etanercept, and this rate was higher than reported in clinical trials. At 6 months, PROs did not differ between etanercept and adalimumab users.
Therapeutic Potential of Tricyclo-DNA antisense oligonucleotides (2016)

Oligonucleotide therapeutics hold great promise for the treatment of various diseases and the antisense field is constantly gaining interest due to the development of more potent and nuclease resistant chemistries. Despite a rather low success rate with only three antisense drugs being clinically approved, the frontiers of AON therapeutic applications have increased over the past three decades and continue to expand thanks to a steady increase in understanding the mechanisms of action of these molecules, progress in chemical modification and delivery.In this review, we will examine the recent advances obtained with the tricyclo-DNA chemistry which displays unique pharmacological properties and unprecedented uptake in many tissues after systemic administration. We will review their specific properties and their therapeutic applications mainly for neuromuscular disorders, including exon-skipping for Duchenne muscular dystrophy and exon-inclusion for spinal muscular atrophy, but also aberrant splicing correction for Pompe disease. Finally, we will discuss their advantages and potential limitations, with a focus on the need for careful toxicological screen early in the process of AON drug development.
The Identity Management Challenge (2011)

As organizations extend the online delivery of services and data across departmental, organizational, and even jurisdictional boundaries, they must trust that they can identify and authenticate the customers, businesses, employees, and third parties using them. Traditional approaches to identity management (IDM), such as documents, clearly don’t work in the online world, yet to date there is no online equivalent of the passport or photo-id. Instead, organizations have established their own identity management practices. As a result, IT managers are looking for more holistic and standardized IDM practices that could simplify access to multiple services and enable organizations to collaborate and cooperate across global organizational boundaries, as well as keep identity information secure and private. This article explores these IDM challenges and how managers are approaching this issue. It discusses the key management components of IDM looking first at the basic concepts of IDM, its essential elements, and organizational stakeholders. Next, it examines why IDM is increasingly a business concern, in addition to an IT concern and describes the key IDM challenges facing IT managers. It then distils key principles of effective IDM and makes recommendations for how IT managers can improve on their current IDM efforts.
Reconfigurable instruction set processors: an implementation platform for interactive multimedia applications (2001)

Future interactive multimedia applications are characterized by a large variety of compression algorithms with highly parallel nested loops. It will not be efficient to design custom processors suitable for this wide range of applications due to the uncertainty on what is going to be executed. Instead, we must find ways to cope with such dynamic and compute intensive tasks. Reconfigurable instruction set processors can cope with this dynamism by specializing the hardware to the algorithm at hand at runtime. They achieve this thanks to a flexible fabric of coarse grained processing elements that can be reconfigured to perform different complex algorithms. This paper analyzes the performance improvements obtained by such programmable structures and discusses some of the critical issues, such as reconfiguration times.
A Comparative Study on Stille Cross-Coupling Reactions of 2-Phenylthiazoles and 2-Phenyloxazoles (2008)

A systematic study of the cross-coupling capability of the 4- and 5-positions of 2-phenylthiazoles and -oxazoles under Stille conditions is presented. The azoles were both applied as stannanes and as the halide component. The obtained results were compared regarding the position of the halide and Bu3Sn group. In order to establish a general reactivity platform for those heterocyclic systems, a broad variety of aromatic and heteroaromatic halides were coupled and some significant differences concerning the coupling properties of the investigated systems were observed.
Chemokine CXCL1 is responsible for cocaine‐induced reward in mice (2018)

Collectively, we identified CXCL1 as a key regulator in Coca-induced reward and propose that pharmacological approach targeting CXCL1 could be a novel pharmacotherapy for Coca-induced reward.
Crystallization of a novel metal-containing cupin from<i>Acidobacterium</i>sp. and preliminary diffraction data analysis (2012)

Recombinant AciX9_0562 from Acidobacterium sp. MP5ACTX9 (UniProt ID E8WYN5) containing sequence motifs characteristic of the RmlC-type cupins superfamily and containing Pfam motif PF07883 has been successfully cloned, expressed and purified. AciX9_0562 crystallized in a number of conditions from the Morpheus protein crystallization screen. The best crystal diffracted to 2.7 Å resolution (space group C222(1); unit-cell parameters a = 125.29, b = 254.63, c = 82.99 Å). Structure solution was facilitated by the automated molecular-replacement pipeline BALBES. The initial solution was automatically rebuilt using the PHENIX AutoBuild wizard, with final R and R(free) values of 0.23 and 0.26, respectively. The structure is currently undergoing manual refinement.
Fully programmable two-dimensional pulse shaper for broadband line-by-line amplitude and phase control (2013)

We introduce a fully programmable two-dimensional (2D) pulse shaper, able to simultaneously control the amplitude and phase of very fine spectral components over a broad bandwidth. This is achieved by aligning two types of spectral dispersers in a cross dispersion setup: a virtually imaged phased array for accessing fine resolution and a transmission grating for achieving broad bandwidth. We take advantage of the resultant 2D dispersion profile as well as introduce programmability by adding a 2D liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator at the masking plane. Our shaper has a resolution of ~3 GHz operating over the entire 'C' band of >5.8 THz. Experimental evidence is provided that highlights the full programmability, fine spectral control, and broad bandwidth operation (limited currently by the bandwidth of the input light). We also show line-by-line manipulation of record 836 comb lines over the C-band.
Boundary Element Method for an Inverse Problem in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Gradient Coils (2008)

We investigate the reconstruction of a divergence-free surface current distribution from knowledge of the magnetic flux density in a prescribed region of interest in the framework of static electromagnetism. This inverse problem is motivated by the design of gradient coils for use in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is formulated using its corresponding integral repre- sentation according to potential theory. A novel boundary element method (BEM) which employs linear interpolationon quadratic surfaces and also satisfies the continuity equation for the current density, i.e. a divergence-free BEM, is presented. Since thediscretised BEM systemis ill-posedand hence the associated least-squares solution may be inaccurate and/or physically meaningless, the Tikhonov regularization method is employed in order to retrieve accurate and physically correct
Enzymological Evidence for Cannabichromenic Acid Biosynthesis (1997)

An enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cannabichromenic acid was identified in young leaves of Cannabis sativa. The enzyme, named cannabichromenic acid synthase, catalyzed the oxidocyclization of cannabigerolic acid to cannabichromenic acid. The biosynthetic mechanism for the formation of cannabichromenic acid was similar to those of Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid and cannabidiolic acid.
Real-time Analysis of Flow Data for Network Attack Detection (2007)

With the wide deployment of flow monitoring in IP networks, the analysis of the exported flow data has become an important research area. It has been shown that flow data can be used to detect traffic anomalies, DoS attacks, and the propagation of worms. In practice, anomalies and attacks should be detected as fast as possible in order to allow taking appropriate countermeasures. We describe the necessary steps from the raw flow data to the detection result in a systematic way. Furthermore, we present TOPAS, a system and framework for real-time analysis of flow data, that has been developed in order to meet these requirements. Performance measurements and various application examples point out the capabilities and benefits of our approach.
Fullerene Sugars: Preparation of Enantiomerically Pure, Spiro‐Linked <i>C</i>‐Glycosides of C<sub>60</sub> (1992)

“Sweetened buckyballs” are prepared in good yields. The C-glycosylated, uniform, enantiomerically pure C60 monoaddition products 1 (R = benzyl, pivaloyl) are differentiated not only by their chi-roptical properties, but also by the conformation of the glycosyl residue, which is dependent on its substituents.
Difficulties and developments in biological nutrient removal technology and modelling (1999)

Filamentous bulking and the long sludge age required for nitrification are two important factors that limit the wastewater treatment capacity of biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge systems. A growing body of observations from full-scale plants indicate support for the hypothesis that a significant stimulus for filamentous bulking in BNR systems in alternating anoxic-aerobic conditions with the presence of oxidized nitrogen at the transition from anoxic to aerobic. In the DEPHANOX system, nitrification takes place externally allowing sludge age and filamentous bulking to be reduced and increases treatment capacity. Anoxic P uptake is exploited in this system but it appears that this form of biological excess P removal (BEPR) is significantly reduced compared with aerobic P uptake in conventional BNR systems. Developments in the understanding of the BEPR processes of (i) phosphate accumulating organism (PAO) denitrification and anoxic P uptake, (ii) fermentation of influent readily biodegradable (RB)COD and (iii) anaerobic hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable (SB)COD are evaluated in relation to the IAWQ Activated Sludge Model (ASM) No.2. Recent developments in BEPR research do not yet allow a significant improvement to be made to ASM No. 2 that will increase its predictive power and reliability and therefore it remains essentially as a framework to guide further research.
Selective CVD tungsten via plugs for multilevel metallization (1986)

Use of selective metal CVD tungsten is shown to be a viable method of filling small via holes in multilevel metal integrated circuits. The method specifically described utilizes Mo/TiW as the first level metal (M1); a planarized interlevel dielectric; straight via holes filled with tungsten and A1 second level metal (M2). This methodology solves the problems of variable via depth encountered in integrated circuits when interlevel dielectrics are planarized and whenever design rules are utilized which allow for stacked and unstacked via connections to underlying features at widely varying topological height. The method also provides a means of greatly reducing metal interconnection pitch. It also eliminates the necessity for tapering via or contact holes usually utilized to obtain suitable metal coverage within the holes.
Rest-redistribution thallium-201 SPECT to detect myocardial viability. (1998)

Redistribution activity is the most important parameter to be considered in rest-redistribution 201Tl to differentiate viable from nonviable segments; rest activity is also valuable, whereas the meaning of reversibility appears limited. Cutoff values about 60% appear to give the most reasonable balance between sensitivity and specificity.
Optics of sheared liquid‐crystal polarizer based on aqueous dispersion of dichroic‐dye nano‐aggregates (2005)

Abstract— The initial results on the optical properties of lyotropic liquid crystals under shear and following the cessation of flow are presented in the paper. Disk‐shaped aromatic molecules that self‐assemble into columnar nano‐stacks in the water form the supramolecule — the basic structural element of these liquid crystals. The nature of the flow is an important factor determining the material microstructure, providing a global order and initial conditions for the drying process. The dried coating exhibits the properties of an E‐type broadband polarizer. Understanding the dynamics of texture evolution and its interaction with the flow is of crucial importance to any development of polarizers coated with the liquid crystals.
Capillary electrophoresis with linear polymers containing hydrophobic groups for the separation of small molecules (1998)

The capillary electrophoretic separation of small charged molecules using linear (non-cross-linked) polymers containing hydrophobic groups was investigated. First, various compositions of linear copolymers, consisting of the water-soluble monomers, acrylamide and N-isopropylacrylamide (IPAAm), were prepared in a running buffer solution, and the effects of alkyl group content in the copolymer chain on the separation of small molecules were investigated. In order to increase the hydrophobic selectivity, linear copolymers containing more hydrophobic groups (tert-butyl or n-octadecyl) were prepared in methanol as the next step, and were applied to capillary electrophoretic separations after purification. The migration behavior of small molecules in solutions of the copolymers containing hydrophobic groups was different from the separation in a free solution or in polyacrylamide solution. Separations with linear polymers containing hydrophobic groups can be achieved on the basis of the differences in the electrophoretic mobilities and the hydrophobicities of the solutes.
Relationship between expression of c-kit receptor and abnormal chromosome in acute leukemia (2006)

[Objective] To explore the expression of c-kit receptor(c-kit R,CD117)in acute leukemia(AL).The focus of the study was laid on relationship between expression of c-kit R and abnormal karyotype in ANLL.[Methods] Flow cytometry(FCM)was used to determine the expression of the transmembrane c-kit R on the bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC)in 92 patients of ALL and 81 patients of ANLL.Chromosome R banding technique was used to assay the karyotype in ANLL with positive expression of c-kit R.[Results] There was no significant difference between expression of c-kit in health individuals and patients of ALL(P 0.05).The rate of c-kit R expression in patients of ANLL was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals and that in patients of ALL as well(P 0.01 respectively).Percentage of abnormal karyotype in the group of positive expression of c-kit R is 74.1%,which was significantly higher than that of 26.1% in the group of negative expression of c-kit R(P 0.05).There were many types of abnormal karyotype in ANLL with positive expression of c-kit R.[Conclusion] c-kit R can be used as the immunology indicator for diagnosis of ANLL.Expression of c-kit R is correlated with abnormal chromosome.But there is no any specific corresponding relationship between the c-kit R expression and the types of abnormal karyotype in ANLL.c-kit oncogene will not be sole premise of pathogenesis of ANLL.