gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Asialoerythropoietin is a nonerythropoietic cytokine with broad neuroprotective activity <i>in vivo</i> (2003)

Erythropoietin (EPO) is a tissue-protective cytokine preventing vascular spasm, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. Although best known for its role in hematopoietic lineages, EPO also affects other tissues, including those of the nervous system. Enthusiasm for recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) as a potential neuroprotective therapeutic must be tempered, however, by the knowledge it also enlarges circulating red cell mass and increases platelet aggregability. Here we examined whether erythropoietic and tissue-protective activities of rhEPO might be dissociated by a variation of the molecule. We demonstrate that asialoerythropoietin (asialoEPO), generated by total enzymatic desialylation of rhEPO, possesses a very short plasma half-life and is fully neuroprotective. In marked contrast with rhEPO, this molecule at doses and frequencies at which rhEPO exhibited erythropoiesis, did not increase the hematocrit of mice or rats. AsialoEPO appeared promptly within the cerebrospinal fluid after i.v. administration; intravenously administered radioiodine-labeled asialoEPO bound to neurons within the hippocampus and cortex in a pattern corresponding to the distribution of the EPO receptor. Most importantly, asialoEPO exhibits a broad spectrum of neuroprotective activities, as demonstrated in models of cerebral ischemia, spinal cord compression, and sciatic nerve crush. These data suggest that nonerythropoietic variants of rhEPO can cross the blood-brain barrier and provide neuroprotection.
Spontaneous photon-pair generation from a dielectric nanoantenna (2019)

Optical nanoantennas have shown a great capacity for efficient extraction of photons from the near to the far field, enabling directional emission from nanoscale single-photon sources. However, their potential for the generation and extraction of multi-photon quantum states remains unexplored. Here we experimentally demonstrate the nanoscale generation of two-photon quantum states at telecommunication wavelengths based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion in an optical nanoantenna. The antenna is a crystalline AlGaAs nanocylinder, possessing Mie-type resonances at both the pump and the bi-photon wavelengths, and when excited by a pump beam it generates photon pairs with a rate of 35 Hz. Normalized to the pump energy stored by the nanoantenna, this rate corresponds to 1.4 GHz/Wm, being 1 order of magnitude higher than conventional on-chip or bulk photon-pair sources. Our experiments open the way for multiplexing several antennas for coherent generation of multi-photon quantum states with complex spatial-mode entanglement and applications in free-space quantum communications and sensing.
Tilapia Prolactin: Molecular Cloning of Two cDNAs and Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1989)

We have isolated cDNA clones encoding tilapia prolactin (tiPRL) from a cDNA library prepared from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) anterior pituitary glands. A trout PRL cDNA fragment was used as hybridization probe to select the recombinant plasmids carrying the tiPRL coding sequence. Two types of PRL cDNA were isolated and their complete nucleotide sequence determined. The larger cDNA (tiPRL-I) codes for a polypeptide of 212 amino acids, including a putative signal sequence of 24 amino acids, and contains a 3' untranslated region of 787 bp. The second prolactin cDNA (tiPRL-II) encodes a polypeptide of 200 amino acids, including a presumptive signal peptide of 23 amino acids, and contains a noncoding region of 512 bp. tiPRL-I and tiPRL-II cDNA sequences are 81% similar, whereas the encoded proteins share 69% amino acid identity at optimal alignment. Mature tiPRL-I was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli carrying a plasmid in which the tiPRL-I cDNA was under the control of the phi 10 promoter of T7 bacteriophage. The new recombinant protein representing about 45% of the total cellular proteins was found in inclusion bodies and cross-reacted with salmon PRL antiserum.
The Role of Clock Genes in Pharmacology (2010)

The physiology of a wide variety of organisms is organized according to periodic environmental changes imposed by the earth's rotation. This way, a large number of physiological processes present diurnal rhythms regulated by an internal timing system called the circadian clock. As part of the rhythmicity in physiology, drug efficacy and toxicity can vary with time. Studies over the past four decades present diurnal oscillations in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. On the other hand, diurnal variations in the availability and sensitivity of drug targets have been correlated with time-dependent changes in drug effectiveness. In this review, we provide evidence supporting the regulation of drug kinetics and dynamics by the circadian clock. We also use the examples of hypertension and cancer to show current achievements and challenges in chronopharmacology.
Design Approach for Anti-collision Mechanism between Vehicle to Vehicle for Improving Safety Operation In Intelligent Transportation System (2009)

System) is proposed as a Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) anti-collision mechanism that determines estimates and absolves collision courses between two or more vehicles based on a correlative and cooperative wireless networking concept. The problem of collision avoidance is abstracted to the generic problem of location awareness and subsequent periodic information exchange (between vehicles). To enable location awareness, the mechanism uses one of two techniques: a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver aided with dead-reckoning sensors or a RADAR based measurement system. Two nearby vehicles periodically exchange information about their own movement in terms of exact position and local clock time. Using these inputs, vehicles determine whether or not they are on a collision course with each another. A Communication Cluster (based on the concept of mobile ad-hoc peer-to-peer networking) is formed, that facilitates the development of a vehicular network characterized by self organization, fault-tolerance, scalability, cooperation and cost efficiency. These characteristics enable avoidance of collision between vehicles in an adaptive and dynamic set up. The paper proposed InVeTraS concept by emulating the streets of Manhattan. Index Terms — Anti-collision, communication cluster, location awareness, periodic information exchange.
Aggregation and pH Responsive Disassembly of a New Acid-Labile Surfactant Synthesized by Thiol−Acrylate Michael Addition Reaction (2010)

Nucleophilic thiol-acrylate Michael reaction between a hydrophobic thiol and hydrophilic acrylate derivative generated a nonionic surfactant with acid-labile β-thiopropionate linker. Micellization of the surfactant, its ability to encapsulate hydrophobic dye, acid-induced disruption of the aggregate and pH-selective dye release profile have been revealed in this report. The micellar aggregates were found to be stable under neutral conditions, but they could be disrupted in acidic pH (5.3), and thus the encapsulated hydrophobic dye molecules could be selectively released. Appropriate control experiments revealed that the sulfur atom in the β-position is essential for acidic hydrolysis of the ester functionality of the surfactant.
Cell signals allow the expression of a pre-existent neural pattern in <i>C. elegans</i> (1992)

In C. elegans, a simple pattern develops within a row of epidermal precursor cells, V1-V6. One cell, V5, gives rise to a neuroblast called the postdeirid neuroblast, while the other V cells produce epidermal cells instead. Here we describe experiments suggesting that in order for V5 to produce the postdeirid it must be in close or direct contact with neighboring V cells. Signaling between V cells is required for the formation of the neuroblast; however, which of the V cells can make a postdeirid is not determined by these signals but rather by the action of the homeotic lin-22 and pal-1 genes. These genes prevent V cells in specific body regions from responding to intercellular signals and producing postdeirids. This is a clear example of cell signals playing a permissive rather than an instructive role in neuroblast induction.
SIMSAFADIM-CLASTIC: A new approach to mathematical 3D forward simulation modelling for terrigeneous and carbonate marine sedimentation (2009)

Most sedimentary modelling programs developed in recent years focus on either terrigenous or carbonate marine sedimentation. Nevertheless, only a few programs have attempted to consider mixed terrigenous-carbonate sedimentation, and most of these are two-dimensional, which is a major restriction since geological processes take place in 3D. This paper presents the basic concepts of a new 3D mathematical forward simulation model for clastic sediments, which was developed from SIMSAFADIM, a previous 3D carbonate sedimentation model. The new extended model, SIMSAFADIM-CLASTIC, simulates processes of autochthonous marine carbonate production and accumulation, together with clastic transport and sedimentation in three dimensions of both carbonate and terrigenous sediments. Other models and modelling strategies may also provide realistic and efficient tools for prediction of stratigraphic architecture and facies distribution of sedimentary deposits. However, SIMSAFADIM-CLASTIC becomes an innovative model that attempts to simulate different sediment types using a process-based approach, therefore being a useful tool for 3D prediction of stratigraphic architecture and facies distribution in sedimentary basins. This model is applied to the neogene Vallès-Penedès half-graben (western Mediterranean, NE Spain) to show the capacity of the program when applied to a realistic geologic situation involving interactions between terrigenous clastics and carbonate sediments.
Sensitivity kernels for wave-equation migration velocity analysis (2004)

The success of migration velocity analysis methods is strongly dependent on the characteristics of the linearized tomographic operator that is inverted to estimate velocity updates. To study the properties of wave-equation migration velocity analysis, we analyze its sensitivity kernels. Sensitivity kernels describe the dependence of data space elements to small changes of model space elements. We show that the sensitivity kernels of wave-equation MVA depend on the frequency content of the recorded data and on the background velocity model. Sensitivity kernels computed assuming the presence of a salt body in the background velocity show that these kernels are drastically different from idealized ifat raysi. Consequently sensitivity kernels cannot be approximated by articial fattening of geometrical rays. Furthermore, our examples illustrate the potential of nite-frequenc y MVA as well as the frequency-dependent nature of illumination for subsalt regions.
Synthesis and characterization of polyolefin–silicate nanocomposites: a catalyst intercalation and in situ polymerization approach† (1999)

J. S. Bergman, G. W. Coates, H. Chen, E. P. Giannelis and M. G. Thomas, Chem. Commun., 1999, 2179 DOI: 10.1039/A905540A
Placental Leptin: An Important New Growth Factor in Intrauterine and Neonatal Development? (1997)

The correlation between leptin and adiposity found in children and adults was also found in newborns. Serum leptin concentrations in newborns were increased more than three-fold compared with children in Tanner stages 1 and 2 when controlling for adiposity, suggesting that leptin concentrations in the newborn are not explained by adiposity alone. Maternal leptin concentrations correlated with measures of adiposity at delivery but did not correlate with newborn adiposity or leptin. Leptin mRNA was expressed both in placental tissue and in two human placental cell lines. These data suggest that leptin has a role in intrauterine and neonatal development and that the placenta provides a source of leptin for the growing fetus.
Identification of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor-specific T cells in Graves' disease thyroid using autoantigen-transfected Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell lines. (1995)

The importance of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) agonist antibodies in the manifestations of Graves' disease (GD) is recognized. There are, however, no convincing reports of TSHR-specific T cells. We have previously cloned T cells specific for thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) from GD lymphoid infiltrates and used autologous EBV-transformed B cell lines (EBVL) transfected with an expression vector encoding TPO to efficiently detect TPO-specific T cells. Here we used EBVL transfected with TSHR to seek TSHR-specific T cells in the GD infiltrates, after cloning the in vivo activated T cells without antigen. 3 out of 30 clones responded vigorously and reproducibly to EBVL-TSHR, with a mean stimulation index > 7. Their release of IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 after stimulation with soluble anti-CD3 and phorbol ester was indistinguishable from the other clones from this thyroid. However, they produced relatively little IFN gamma (median IL-4/IFN gamma ratio of 0.80) compared with the other clones (median IL-4/IFN gamma ratio 0.06). Thus, this new potent method of antigen presentation, using autoantigen-transfected EBVL, has permitted the first unequivocal identification of TSHR T cells in GD thyroid, with distinct Th0/Th2 characteristics, unlike previously cloned TPO-responsive cells which have Th1 characteristics.
The Prevalence and Drug Sensitivity of Tuberculosis among Patients Dying in Hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A Postmortem Study (2010)

Our findings reveal the immense toll of tuberculosis among HIV-positive individuals in KwaZulu-Natal. The majority of decedents who remained culture positive despite receiving tuberculosis treatment were infected with pan-susceptible M. tuberculosis, suggesting that the diagnosis of tuberculosis was made too late to alter the fatal course of the infection. There is also a significant burden of undetected multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among HIV-coinfected individuals dying in this setting. New public health approaches that improve early diagnosis of tuberculosis and accelerate the initiation of treatment are urgently needed in this setting. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Electron cyclotron resonance etching characteristics of GaN in SiCl4/Ar (1996)

Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etching characteristics of gallium nitride (GaN) are investigated using low pressure (4–10 mTorr) SiCl4/Ar ECR discharges. The purpose of this effort is to examine the dry etching processes of GaN that do not require hydrogen, which is known to cause carrier compensation in GaN. A maximum etching rate of 960 Å/min and good surface morphologies are obtained. The etch rate is found to increase near-linearly with increasing dc bias, and a minimum dc bias of 100 V is required to initiate etching. Enhanced etching rates are obtained as the fraction of active chemical etchant species (SiCl4) in the discharge is increased. We have also found that the material quality significantly affects the etch rate. The latter decreases with x-ray rocking curve half-width and increases with defect density.
The effect of sorbose on pH of mixed saliva and interproximal plaque. (1975)

<P>Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.</P>The <i>Labour Force Survey</i> (LFS) has been carried out in the UK since 1973. From 1973 until 1983 the survey was carried out biennially, and from 1984 until 1991 it was conducted annually. In 1992 the quarterly LFS was introduced. For full background and methodological information users should refer to the main <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey</i> (QLFS) series (held at the UK Data Archive (UKDA) under GN 33246).<br> <br> The <i>Local Area Data</i> series was produced quarterly alongside the main QLFS from 1992-2006, and included aggregated data on employment, economic activity and related subjects, covering Local Authority Districts (LADs), Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs), and their Scottish and Welsh equivalents. From 1992 until August 1997, the data covered Great Britain, and from September 1997 data from Northern Ireland were added. The <i>Local Area Data</i> were also available as an annual database between 1994-1995 and 1999-2000, for LADs at individual level, but these are no longer produced.<br> <br> <b>LFS move from seasonal to calendar quarters</b><br> In accordance with EU regulations, the LFS moved from seasonal (spring, summer, autumn, winter) quarters to calendar quarters (January-March, April-June, July-September, October-December) in 2006. The last seasonal <i>Local Area Data</i> dataset issued was the <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey, December 2005 - February, 2006: Local Area Data</i> (SN 5392), and the first calendar quarter dataset was the <i>Quarterly Labour Force Survey, January - March, 2006: Local Area Data</i> (SN 5393). Users should note that there is some overlap between these two datasets. Further information on the seasonal to calendar quarter change and its impact on LFS data may be found in the following online article:<br> Madouros, V. (2006) <i>Impact of the switch from seasonal to calendar quarters in the Labour Force Survey</i>, London: ONS.<br> <br> <b>LFS Documentation</b><br> The User Guides available with the UK Data Archive's LFS studies are those available at the time of deposit. Users can access the updated guides online via the ONS <a href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/method-quality/specific/labour-market/labour-market-statistics/index.html" title="Labour Force Survey User Guide">LFS User Guide</a> pages.<br>
Toward Automatic Time-Series Forecasting Using Neural Networks (2012)

Over the past few decades, application of artificial neural networks (ANN) to time-series forecasting (TSF) has been growing rapidly due to several unique features of ANN models. However, to date, a consistent ANN performance over different studies has not been achieved. Many factors contribute to the inconsistency in the performance of neural network models. One such factor is that ANN modeling involves determining a large number of design parameters, and the current design practice is essentially heuristic and ad hoc, this does not exploit the full potential of neural networks. Systematic ANN modeling processes and strategies for TSF are, therefore, greatly needed. Motivated by this need, this paper attempts to develop an automatic ANN modeling scheme. It is based on the generalized regression neural network (GRNN), a special type of neural network. By taking advantage of several GRNN properties (i.e., a single design parameter and fast learning) and by incorporating several design strategies (e.g., fusing multiple GRNNs), we have been able to make the proposed modeling scheme to be effective for modeling large-scale business time series. The initial model was entered into the NN3 time-series competition. It was awarded the best prediction on the reduced dataset among approximately 60 different models submitted by scholars worldwide.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Dynamic Behavior and Reactivity of Dinaphtho[2,1-b:1',2'-d]phospholes and Related Atropisomeric Phosphacyclic Derivatives (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, Crystal Structure, Dynamic Behavior and Reactivity of Dinaphtho[2,1-b:1',2'-d]phospholes and Related Atropisomeric Phosphacyclic DerivativesSerafino Gladiali, Antonio Dore, Davide Fabbri, Ottorino De Lucchi, and Giovanni ValleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 21, 6363–6371Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00100a044https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00100a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views937Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Three Dimensional Visual Display Systems for Virtual Environments (1992)

This paper surveys three-dimensional (3D) visual display technology as it relates to realtime, interactive systems—or virtual environment systems. Five major 3D display types are examined: stereoscopic, lenticular, parallax barrier, slice-stacking, and holographic displays. The major characteristics of each display type are examined, i.e. spatial resolution, depth resolution, field of view, viewing zone, bandwidth, etc. In addition, the corresponding parameters of the human visual systems are described. The different display systems, as well as the human visual system, are compared in tabular form.
Clinical Use of RESTYLANE. (2005)

There is no ideal filler, nor will there be a single product that can satisfy all requirements. However, RESTYLANE, a non-animal, stabilized hyaluronic acid (NASHA, Medicis), is a very versatile augmenting agent. It has been in clinical use for 8 years and experience has shown it to be close to the ideal filler in many respects. This review will outline the background to the use of RESTYLANE, and will focus on the clinical use of this material.
Event-Importance Based Customized and Automatic Cricket Highlight Generation (2006)

In this paper, we present a novel approach towards customized and automated generation of sports highlights from its extracted events and semantic concepts. A recorded sports video is first divided into slots, based on the game progress and for each slot, an importance-based concept and event-selection is proposed to include those in the highlights. Using our approach, we have successfully extracted highlights from recorded video of cricket match
Petroleum Refinery Processes (2005)

Abstract Petroleum refining or petroleum processing is the recovery and/or generation of usable or salable fractions and products from crude oil, either by distillation or by chemical reaction of the crude oil constituents under the effects of heat and pressure. Petroleum refining also involves treating the raw products by a variety of finishing processes to yield marketable products. A refinery is an integrated group of manufacturing plants that vary in number according to the variety of products produced; it must be flexible and able to change operations as needed. Refinery processes must be selected to produce products according to demand. This article deals with the processes used to refine petroleum, from the initial pretreating of the well fluids to the finishing processes for products as well as the gas treating processes for reducing emissions to the environment.
Dual Infection of Dogs with Distemper Virus and Virus of Infectious Canine Hepatitis. (1952)

SummaryFollowing inoculation of distemper virus and infectious canine hepatitis virus singly and mixed, it was found that the mixture of viruses produced a more severe type of illness than either virus alone. In the same dog, both viruses were present in the blood during the acute phase of illness, inclusion bodies of both viruses were found and immunity against both viruses developed.