gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Renal Disease Progression and Renal Replacement Therapy in Emerging Countries (2006)

Chronic kidney disease is increasing in both developed and emerging countries with progressive encroachment on health services budgets. In spite of the lack of accurate registries, we tried to focus on the magnitude of the problem on different continents. Prevention of progression has been a remote but reachable goal. Many health foundations including the International Society of Nephrology gave recommendations for prevention and slowing progression, but these are again confronted by lack of resources. Integration of governmental, community, and expert efforts is necessary to set prevention priorities including affordable screening programs and increasing access to renal replacement therapy by different modalities.
Sensitivity of C-band Synthetic Aperture RADAR to field-scale soil surface parameters (2011)

This thesis investigates the sensitivity of polarimetric variables from C-band Synthetic Aperture RADAR to near-surface soil moisture (6 cm), micro-topographical surface roughness, and biomass cover, during pre/seed and post-harvest over agricultural fields. Variables examined include: the like-polarized and cross-polarized linear intensity channels; polarization ratios; the Total Power signal; the co-polarized phase difference and co-polarized complex correlation coefficient; Pedestal Height; extrema of the completely polarized and unpolarized components; extrema of the received power and scattered intensity; and the polarization coefficient of variation. Classification of scattering mechanisms with the Cloude-Pottier and Freeman-Durden decompositions are also examined. The empirical relationships between RADAR variables and surface parameters are first analyzed using data collected during field-validation campaigns. Secondly, RADAR imagery is integrated over the watershed scale to assess the operational discrimination of tillage practices with these polarimetric variables and decompositions. Overall results provide an enhanced theoretical understanding of these variables and decompositions for agricultural target retrievals and demonstrate promise for use in an agricultural monitoring scheme.
Assessing the Completeness of Wireless-side Tracing Mechanisms (2007)

Analyzing traces of wireless network activity has many pragmatic purposes, from capacity planning to network design. Unfortunately, capturing complete traces of wireless traffic is difficult, and using incomplete traces can degrade the quality of the aforementioned analyses. In this paper we examine three different methods for estimating the completeness of wireless traces. We find that a method that examines MAC-layer sequence numbers provides the most accurate results. We also examine the effect of the placement of wireless sensors on the completeness of wireless-side traces. We determine that locating sensors such that the signal strengths between clients and access points is over 40% results in low miss rates at the sensor, and few CRC errors.
Effect of codoping on scintillation and optical properties of a Ce-doped Gd<sub>3</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub>scintillator (2013)

Single crystals of Gd3Ga3Al2O12 : Ce with different codopants were successfully grown using the Czochralski technique. Optical and scintillation properties of these codoped crystals were studied in detail including absorption, photoluminescence excitation and emission, decay time and thermoluminescence. This study revealed that while boron codoping improves the scintillation light output and energy resolution and decreases self-absorption in these crystals, calcium codoping affects their properties in the opposite manner. In addition to antisite defects, the effect of room temperature trap centres on the sensitivity of these crystals to light exposure is also reported for the first time. Light sensitivity was also found to be affected with the incorporation of codopants in the lattice. The effect of annealing in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres on the scintillation and optical properties of differently codoped crystals was also investigated in detail in order to better understand the defect structure of these crystals. All these measurements together are used to explain the effect of codoping on the crystal field and defect structure of these crystals.
A Precise Indoor Localization Approach based on Particle Filter and Dynamic Exclusion Techniques (2013)

Indoor localization with a significant degree of precision is extremely challenging. In this paper, we present a precise indoor localization approach based on novel particle filter and dynamic exclusion techniques. The approach is compared with the Euclidean Distance probabilistic methods used for localization. The novelty of the proposed approach stems from its ability to fuse data collected from different sensor technologies to converge to more accurate distance estimation. Furthermore, the proposed approach is a pattern-based one that relies on empirical training data as opposed to closed-form mathematical models.
Are Increased Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Concentrations a Risk Marker for Coronary Heart Disease and other Chronic Diseases? (1996)

Other| April 01 1996 Are Increased Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Concentrations a Risk Marker for Coronary Heart Disease and other Chronic Diseases? Keith N. Frayn; Keith N. Frayn 1Oxford Lipid Metabolism Group, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, U.K.3†Department of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Christine M. Williams; Christine M. Williams *Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, U.K.4†Department of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Peter Arner Peter Arner *Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, U.K.5†Department of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1996) 90 (4): 243–253. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0900243 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Keith N. Frayn, Christine M. Williams, Peter Arner; Are Increased Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Concentrations a Risk Marker for Coronary Heart Disease and other Chronic Diseases?. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 April 1996; 90 (4): 243–253. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs0900243 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search Keywords: coronary heart disease, insulin resistance, non-esterified fatty acids, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, obesity, stress This content is only available as a PDF. © 1996 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1996 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
EL VERDADERO COLOR DE LA ESTRELLA SIRIO (1986)

DESDE HACE MILENIOS, DIFERENTES PUEBLOS HAN DESCRITO UNA ESTRELLA ROJA QUE SE OBSERVA CADA ANO JUSTO ARRIBA DEL HORIZONTE CUANDO EMPIEZA A OSCURECER. SIN EMBARGO, DOS INVESTIGADORES ALEMANES OPINAN QUE LOS ANTIGUOS PUDIERON HABER VISTO A SIRIO ROJA HASTA EL SIGLO SEXTO DESPUES DE CRISTO. EL ASTRONOMO WOLFHARD SCHLOSER Y EL HISTORIADOR WERNER BERGMANN DE ALEMANIA OCCIDENTAL LLEGARON A ESTA CONCLUSION ESTUDIANDO LS REFERENCIAS DE SIRIO QUE APARECEN EN LAS CRONICAS DEL OBISPO GEORGE SE TOURS, ESCRITAS ALREDEDOR DEL ANO 577 D. C.
Effects of septal cholinergic lesion on rat exploratory behavior in an open-field (2003)

The medial septum participates in the modulation of exploratory behavior triggered by novelty. Also, selective lesions of the cholinergic component of the septohippocampal system alter the habituation of rats to an elevated plus-maze without modifying anxiety indices. We investigated the effects of the intraseptal injection of the cholinergic immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin (SAP) on the behavior of rats in an open-field. Thirty-nine male Wistar rats (weight: 194-230 g) were divided into three groups, non-injected controls and rats injected with either saline (0.5 microl) or SAP (237.5 ng/0.5 microl). Twelve days after surgery, the animals were placed in a square open-field (120 cm) and allowed to freely explore for 5 min. After the test, the rats were killed by decapitation and the septum, hippocampus and frontal cortex were removed and assayed for acetylcholinesterase activity. SAP increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the septum, hippocampus and frontal cortex and decreased the total distance run (9.15 +/- 1.51 m) in comparison to controls (13.49 +/- 0.91 m). The time spent in the center and at the periphery was not altered by SAP but the distance run was reduced during the first and second minutes (2.43 +/- 0.36 and 1.75 +/- 0.34 m) compared to controls (4.18 +/- 0.26 and 3.14 +/- 0.25 m). SAP-treated rats showed decreased but persistent exploration throughout the session. These results suggest that septohippocampal cholinergic mechanisms contribute to at least two critical processes, one related to the motivation to explore new environments and the other to the acquisition and storage of spatial information (i.e., spatial memory).
Syntheses of analgesics. Part XXX.. Conformational studies of diastereoisomeric quaternary ammonium salts of 1,2,3,4,5,6‐Hexahydro‐2,6‐methano‐3‐benzazocines (1972)

Abstract The configuration of the quaternary ammonium salts (Va and Vb) from 3‐benzyl‐1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexahydro‐8‐hydroxy‐6,11‐dimethyl‐2,6‐methano‐3‐benzazocine. (II) and 3‐methyl‐2‐butenyl bromide was determined spectroscopically. Moreover, configurational studies on 3‐benzyl (VIa and VIb) and 3‐(3‐methyl‐2‐butenyl)benzazocinium bromides (VIIa and VIIb) were also achieved.
[Immobilization of antibodies against Australia antigen on nylon spheres: use in immunoenzymatic determination of HBsAg]. (1981)

Antibodies against HBsAg were immobilized by covalent linkage on nylon beads to be used in solid phase enzyme-linked immunoassays. The covalent bond between the protein and the partially hydrolyzed support was obtained via glutaraldehyde or succinylester methods. These particular solid phases were compared, in a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for hepatitis B antigen, with polystyrene beads coated by simple adsorption of IgG on plastic surface. The analytical response was more satisfactory when the polystyrene beads were used as immunoextractive support even if more IgG molecules could be immobilized on nylon beads.
Simulation Experiment of BCI Based on Imagined Speech EEG Decoding (2017)

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) can help patients of neuromuscular diseases restore parts of the movement and communication abilities that they have lost. Most of BCIs rely on mapping brain activities to device instructions, but limited number of brain activities decides the limited abilities of BCIs. To deal with the problem of limited ablility of BCI, this paper verified the feasibility of constructing BCI based on decoding imagined speech electroencephalography (EEG). As sentences decoded from EEG can have rich meanings, BCIs based on EEG decoding can achieve numerous control instructions. By combining a modified EEG feature extraction mehtod with connectionist temporal classification (CTC), this paper simulated decoding imagined speech EEG using synthetic EEG data without help of speech signal. The performance of decoding model over synthetic data to a certain extent demonstrated the feasibility of constructing BCI based on imagined speech brain signal.
A functional architecture for scalable quantum computing (2016)

Quantum computing devices based on superconducting quantum circuits have rapidly developed in the last few years. The building blocks-superconducting qubits, quantum-limited amplifiers, and two-qubit gates-have been demonstrated by several groups. Small prototype quantum processor systems have been implemented with performance adequate to demonstrate quantum chemistry simulations, optimization algorithms, and enable experimental tests of quantum error correction schemes. A major bottleneck in the effort to develop larger systems is the need for a scalable functional architecture that combines all the core building blocks in a single, scalable technology. We describe such a functional architecture, based on a planar lattice of transmon and fluxonium qubits, parametric amplifiers, and a novel fast DC controlled two-qubit gate.
Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. CXLII. Active-site-directed irreversible inhibitors of dihydrofolic reductase derived from 5-(p-aminophenoxypropyl)-2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine bearing a terminal sulfonyl fluoride (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIrreversible enzyme inhibitors. CXLII. Active-site-directed irreversible inhibitors of dihydrofolic reductase derived from 5-(p-aminophenoxypropyl)-2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine bearing a terminal sulfonyl fluorideBernard Randall Baker and Rich B. Meyer Jr.Cite this: J. Med. Chem. 1969, 12, 1, 104–107Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00301a027https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00301a027research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views56Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Learning to Detect Specular Highlights from Real-world Images (2020)

Specular highlight detection is a challenging problem, and has many applications such as shiny object detection and light source estimation. Although various highlight detection methods have been proposed, they fail to disambiguate bright material surfaces from highlights, and cannot handle non-white-balanced images. Moreover, at present, there is still no benchmark dataset for highlight detection. In this paper, we present a large-scale real-world highlight dataset containing a rich variety of material categories, with diverse highlight shapes and appearances, in which each image is with an annotated ground-truth mask. Based on the dataset, we develop a deep learning-based specular highlight detection network (SHDNet) leveraging multi-scale context contrasted features to accurately detect specular highlights of varying scales. In addition, we design a binary cross-entropy (BCE) loss and an intersection-over-union edge (IoUE) loss for our network. Compared with existing highlight detection methods, our method can accurately detect highlights of different sizes, while effectively excluding the non-highlight regions, such as bright materials, non-specular as well as colored lighting, and even light sources.
The mode of action of alpha sarcin and a novel assay of the puromycin reaction (1978)

A new technique was developed for measuring the amount of peptidyl-tRNA in a protein-synthesizing system in vitro. By this technique the course of the puromycin reaction may be followed and the modes of action of various inhibitors of protein synthesis readily determined. We conclude that the polypeptide alpha sarcin inhibits the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA into the ribosomal 'A' site, that sparsomycin inhibits the peptidyl transferase reaction and that cycloheximide may block translocation.
The failure of cancer chemoprevention (2014)

Chemoprevention is proposed as a clinical analogue of population prevention, aimed at reducing likelihood of disease progression, not across the population, but in identified high-risk individuals and not by behavioral or lifestyle modification, but by the use of pharmaceutical agents. Cardiovascular chemoprevention is successful via control of hyperlipidemias and hypertension. However, chemoprevention of cancer is an almost universal failure: not only are some results null; even more frequently, there is an excess of disease, including disease that the agents were chosen specifically to reduce. A brief introduction is followed by the evidence for a wide variety of agents and their largely deleterious, sometimes null, and in one case, largely beneficial, consequences as possible chemopreventives. The agents include (i) those that are food derived and their synthetic analogues: β-carotene, folic acid, retinol and retinoids, vitamin E, multivitamin supplements, vitamin C, calcium and selenium and (ii) agents targeted at metabolic and hormonal pathways: statins, estrogen and antagonists, 5α-reductase inhibitors. There are two agents for which there is good evidence of benefit when the strategy is focused on those at defined high risk but where wider application is much more problematic: aspirin and tamoxifen. The major problems with cancer chemoprevention are presented. This is followed by a hypothesis to explain the failure of cancer chemoprevention as an enterprise, arguing that the central tenets that underpin it are flawed and showing why, far from doing good, cancer chemoprevention causes harm.
Strategy maps : using intangible assets for superior performance (2005)

Extracted from text ... A 
10 Management Today July 2005 
Strategy 
maps: 
using intangible assets 
for superior performance 
An organisation's strategy describes how 
it intends to create value for its shareholders, 
customers and citizens. In working 
with more than 300 organisations over the 
past dozen years, we have learned how to 
use the balanced scorecard (BS) as a powerful 
management tool for describing and 
implementing strategy. 
The key is to design a scorecard to focus 
on the critical few parameters that represent 
a strategy for long term value creation. 
With its multiple perspectives, the 
BS framework allows an integrated view 
of strategic measurement: ..
Next generation miniature simultaneous multi-hyperspectral imaging systems (2014)

The concept for a hyperspectral imaging system using a Fabry-Perot tunable filter (FPTF) array that is fabricated using “miniature optical electrical mechanical system” (MOEMS) technology. [1] Using an array of FPTF as an approach to hyperspectral imaging relaxes wavelength tuning requirements considerably because of the reduced portion of the spectrum that is covered by each element in the array. In this paper, Pacific Advanced Technology and ARL present the results of a concept design and performed analysis of a MOEMS based tunable Fabry-Perot array (FPTF) to perform simultaneous multispectral and hyperspectral imaging with relatively high spatial resolution. The concept design was developed with support of an Army SBIR Phase I program The Fabry-Perot tunable MOEMS filter array was combined with a miniature optics array and a focal plane array of 1024 x 1024 pixels to produce 16 colors every frame of the camera. Each color image has a spatial resolution of 256 x 256 pixels with an IFOV of 1.7 mrads and FOV of 25 degrees. The spectral images are collected simultaneously allowing high resolution spectral-spatial-temporal information in each frame of the camera, thus enabling the implementation of spectral-temporal-spatial algorithms in real-time to provide high sensitivity for the detection of weak signals in a high clutter background environment with low sensitivity to camera motion. The challenge in the design was the independent actuation of each Fabry Perot element in the array allowing for individual tuning. An additional challenge was the need to maximize the fill factor to improve the spatial coverage with minimal dead space. This paper will only address the concept design and analysis of the Fabry-Perot tunable filter array. A previous paper presented at SPIE DSS in 2012 explained the design of the optical array.
Trypan Blue: Effect on Retinal Pigment Epithelial and Neurosensory Retinal Cells (2004)

purpose. To evaluate the toxicity of trypan blue on retinal cells in vitro. methods. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) and rat neurosensory retinal cells (R28) were grown in tissue culture and treated with four different concentrations of trypan blue (0.1%, 0.05%, 0.025%, and 0.0125%), in combination with surgical light exposure (0, 5, or 10 minutes). Cell viability, mitochondrial function, and DNA synthesis were measured by trypan blue dye-exclusion assay, mitochondrial dehydrogenase assay, and tritiated [3H] thymidine incorporation, respectively. results. ARPE-19 and R28 cells exposed to trypan blue with or without illumination did not show any significant decrease, either in cell viability by the dye-exclusion assay or in [3H] thymidine incorporation. R28 cells exposed to 0.1% trypan blue with and without light showed a significant reduction of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (P < 0.05). ARPE-19 cells exposed to trypan blue, with or without light, did not show any significant decrease in mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity. conclusions. This study suggests that rat neurosensory retina (R28) cells are more sensitive than human RPE (ARPE-19) cells to trypan blue. ARPE-19 cells showed no evidence of toxicity with any of the three assays, but R28 cells showed evidence of toxicity with the mitochondrial dehydrogenase assay at the higher doses and light-exposure times studied. Clinical studies must be conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of staining of the inner limiting membrane with trypan blue.
<title>Multiscale edge detection based on a new geometrically intrinsic filter</title> (1994)

This paper presents a new multiscale edge detection algorithm. The algorithm is based on a new nonlinear filter, which produces a scale-space filtering analogous to Gaussian filtering but has several interesting properties such as viewpoint invariance and automatic edge preservation. From this multiscale representation, the algorithm uses a multidimensional morphological operator to compute the position of edges. A mathematical analysis of the algorithm and its efficient software implementation is discussed. Experimental results illustrating the use of the filter to detect multiscale depth and orientation discontinuities on range images and significant edges on intensity images are also presented.
Mössbauer characterisation of gold/iron oxide catalysts (1997)

57 Fe and 197 Au Mössbauer data have been reported and discussed for a variety of catalysts of gold supported on iron oxide. The 57 Fe Mössbauer spectra show that iron is present as ferrihydrite, haematite and goethite in amounts that depend on the conditions of preparation. The highest amount of ferrihydrite is observed in the samples prepared by coprecipitation. The 197 Au Mössbauer spectra reveal the formation of two main gold species, i.e., metallic gold and oxidic trivalent gold. The presence of gold favours the formation of ferrihydrite over that of haematite. No direct correlation was found between catalytic activity towards CO oxidation and the Au species identified by Mössbauer spectroscopy, but catalyst activity was found to increase with the relative amount of ferrihydrite. It is suggested that the ferrihydrite is important for activation of molecular oxygen.