gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction of High Quality DNA from Seized Moroccan Cannabis Resin (Hashish) (2013)

The extraction and purification of nucleic acids is the first step in most molecular biology analysis techniques. The objective of this work is to obtain highly purified nucleic acids derived from Cannabis sativa resin seizure in order to conduct a DNA typing method for the individualization of cannabis resin samples. To obtain highly purified nucleic acids from cannabis resin (Hashish) free from contaminants that cause inhibition of PCR reaction, we have tested two protocols: the CTAB protocol of Wagner and a CTAB protocol described by Somma (2004) adapted for difficult matrix. We obtained high quality genomic DNA from 8 cannabis resin seizures using the adapted protocol. DNA extracted by the Wagner CTAB protocol failed to give polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) synthase coding gene. However, the extracted DNA by the second protocol permits amplification of THCA synthase coding gene using different sets of primers as assessed by PCR. We describe here for the first time the possibility of DNA extraction from (Hashish) resin derived from Cannabis sativa. This allows the use of DNA molecular tests under special forensic circumstances.
Epitope Mapping and Immunoneutralization of Recombinant Human Stem‐Cell Factor (1996)

The epitope regions of three anti-[stem-cell factor (SCF)]g have been mapped by characterization of immunoreactivities against truncated forms of SCF in immunoblots and against synthetic peptides in solution-phase competition ELISA. Two of the antibodies, mAb 7H6 and mAb 8H7A, were raised against Escherichia coli-derived human SCF-(1-164) while the third, polyclonal antibody (pAb) 1337, was raised against a peptide corresponding to residues 3-31 of human SCF. The epitopes of mAbs 7H6 and 8H7A have been mapped to residues 61-95 and 95-110, respectively. The epitope of pAb 1337 has been mapped to residues 21-31. The ability of the anti-SCF Ig to recognize E. coli-derived human SCF presented in various formats, i.e. partially denatured (fixed in standard ELISA or on a western blot) or native (in solution), was studied, mAb 7H6 recognized its epitope in partially denatured or native SCF with equally high affinity, while mAb 8H7A and pAb 1337 recognized their epitopes only when SCF was at least partially denatured, mAb 7H6 was found to neutralize in vitro SCF-mediated cell proliferation and SCF binding to its receptor, when present in equimolar concentrations relative to the ligand, suggesting that the epitope region is functionally significant. Evidence that the mAb 7H6 epitope is represented by discontinuous regions (residues within sequences 61-65 and 91-95 are critically involved) is presented. The observation that the mAb 7H6 epitope is discontinuous has implications for the structure of SCF.
Hair Modeling and Simulation by Style (2018)

Abstract As the deformation behaviors of hair strands vary greatly depending on the hairstyle, the computational cost and accuracy of hair movement simulations can be significantly improved by applying simulation methods specific to a certain style. This paper makes two contributions with regard to the simulation of various hair styles. First, we propose a novel method to reconstruct simulatable hair strands from hair meshes created by artists. Manually created hair meshes consist of numerous mesh patches, and the strand reconstruction process is challenged by the absence of connectivity information among the patches for the same strand and the omission of hidden parts of strands due to the manual creation process. To this end, we develop a two‐stage spectral clustering method for estimating the degree of connectivity among patches and a strand‐growing method that preserves hairstyles. Next, we develop a hairstyle classification method for style‐specific simulations. In particular, we propose a set of features for efficient classifications and show that classifiers trained with the proposed features have higher accuracy than those trained with naive features. Our method applies efficient simulation methods according to the hairstyle without specific user input, and thus is favorable for real‐time simulation.
Magnetic Characterization of Unsymmetrical Coil Pairs Using Archimedean Spirals for Wider Misalignment Tolerance in IPT Systems (2017)

Resonant inductive power transfer (RIPT) is gaining popularity for wireless charging applications of future electric transportation. A fundamental challenge of implementing an RIPT system for wireless power transfer is the coupling variation between the primary and secondary coils, due to misalignment, while parking the car over the primary coil. Thus, it is desirable to have a coil pair, which is least sensitive to misalignments, to ensure efficient power transfer over a wide operating area, and to enable ease of use. The operating area of a coil pair is limited by the existence of a magnetic null in its coupling profile. For circular charging pads, employing a symmetrical Archimedean spiral, a magnetic null occurs at a misalignment distance equal to approximately 40% of the pad diameter (or about 70% of the coil diameter), irrespective of the air gap. In this paper, five diverse unsymmetrical coil pairs have been investigated, to find the coil pair least sensitive to misalignments. For unsymmetrical coil pairs, the position of the magnetic null shifts with the change in separation between the coils. By operating the primary and secondary pads at a distinct separation, the null position can be shifted further away from the center of the coils. This, in turn, increases the effective area, over which a given amount of power can be transferred to the load. After investigating the unsymmetrical coil pairs, it was found that the outer radius of the secondary coil should be kept equal to the outer radius of the primary coil, and inner radius of the secondary coil should be maintained greater than the inner radius of the primary coil, to obtain the best coupling profile.
25th Anniversary of the University of New South Wales Faculty of Law (1997)

The University of New South Wales Faculty of Law is a professional training institution devoted to learning about law as a phenomenon and general legal principles. It has insisted upon a substantial group of core subjects in which the general modes of legal reasoning is acquired and offered both specialist electives and practical training which keep the students attuned to the practical operation of the law.
Growth Mechanism of Synthetic Imogolite Nanotubes (2008)

By controlling the surface effects during droplet evaporation of imogolite solutions, imogolite nanotubes were dispersed individually and directly observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the structure evolution of imogolite nanotubes in the synthetic process was investigated. It was found that the number of imogolite nanotubes continuously increased with time in the whole reaction. The average length grew slowly over time after a remarkable increase in the initial 24 h, and the length distribution experienced a similar variation with the polydispersity index always below 2. No appreciable changes in tube diameters were detected under TEM observation. The nutrient diffusion controlled kinetic formation mechanism is favored by our semiquantitative analysis of the experimental results. Adding nanotube “seeds” to a fresh reaction solution promoted further growth of the nanotubes. This served as a consolidated support to the proposed kinetic controlled mechanism.
The importance of phase‐encoding order in ultra‐short TR snapshot MR imaging (1990)

We show the importance of phase-encoding order in ultra-short TR (less than 10 ms) snapshot MR imaging. Contrast is more heavily dictated by the contrast preparation phase early in the measurement phase than later. When the low spatial frequencies are measured first, the resultant image contrast more closely resembles that established by the preparation phase. The transient nature of the data acquisition causes a kappa-space filter to be applied to the data. The effects of this filter can be minimized by appropriate choice of scan parameters.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Ovarian Cancer: A Model for Targeted Use of Novel Therapies? (2008)

High VEGF expression occurs in a small proportion of ovarian cancers, and this independently predicts poor prognosis. The small percentage of tumors with high levels of VEGF activity suggests that the role of bevacizumab may potentially be limited to a few patients; these patients could be targeted by molecular profiling.
Atovaquone and quinine anti-malarials inhibit ATP binding cassette transporter activity (2014)

Atovaquone and quinine significantly inhibit BCRP- and P-gp- mediated transport at concentrations within the clinically relevant prophylactic and therapeutic range. Co-administration of these established anti-malarials with drugs that are BCRP or P-gp substrates may potentially lead to drug-drug interactions.
Gonadotropin and Steroid Control of Granulosa Cell Proliferation During the Periovulatory Interval in Rhesus Monkeys1 (2001)

Progesterone produced in response to the midcycle gonadotropin surge is essential for ovulation and luteinization of the primate follicle. Because cell-cycle arrest is associated with the initiation of luteinization, this study was designed to determine the dynamics and regulation of granulosa cell proliferation by gonadotropin and progesterone during the periovulatory interval in the primate follicle. Granulosa cells or ovaries were obtained from macaques undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation either before (0 h) or as long as 36 h following the administration of an ovulatory hCG bolus with or without a 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor with or without a nonmetabolizable progestin. The percentage of cells staining positive for Ki-67, a nuclear marker for cell proliferation, decreased (P < 0.05) within 12 h of hCG administration in a steroid-independent manner. Levels of cyclin D2 and E mRNA did not decline during the periovulatory interval; however, cyclin B1 mRNA was reduced significantly by 12 h. Steroid depletion increased (P < 0.05) cyclin B1 mRNA at both 12 and 36 h post-hCG and was reversible by progestin replacement at 36 h. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(Cip1) was transiently increased 12 h post-hCG, whereas p27(Kip1) mRNA levels increased at 36 h in a steroid-independent fashion. These data suggest that a gonadotropin bolus inhibits mitosis in granulosa cells early (12 h) in the periovulatory interval, whereas progesterone may play a later, antiproliferative role in luteinized cells of primates.
Single-Phase PrO<i><sub>y</sub></i>−ZrO<sub>2</sub> Materials and Their Oxygen Storage Capacity:  A Comparison with Single-Phase CeO<sub>2</sub>−ZrO<sub>2</sub>, PrO<i><sub>y</sub></i>−CeO<sub>2</sub>, and PrO<i><sub>y</sub></i>−CeO<sub>2</sub>−ZrO<sub>2</sub> Materials (1999)

High-surface-area PrOy−ZrO2 mixed oxide, crystallized in the cubic fluorite structure, is synthesized for the first time as a single-phase material over a wide range of composition by sol−gel processing. X-ray powder diffraction shows that the material remains single phase even after thermal treatment in air to 900 °C. The oxygen storage capacity of PrOy−ZrO2, where praseodymium undergoes Pr3+ ↔ Pr4+ interconversion, is assessed by temperature-programmed reduction with H2. The results show that there is little oxygen storage capacity unless the PrOy concentration exceeds 25 mol %. A comparison of oxygen storage capacity from similarly prepared single-phase CeO2−ZrO2, PrOy−CeO2, and PrOy−CeO2−ZrO2 materials is presented. Measurements of lattice parameter and reducibility suggest that there are preferred associations that lead to PrOy−ZrO2 and CeO2−ZrO2 rather than PrOy−CeO2 in the ternary mixed oxide. An evaluation of model Pd catalysts, using PrOy−ZrO2 and CeO2−ZrO2 as support materials, in functional tests approximating warmed-up, steady-state operation of an automotive catalyst, is also reported.
Keying Material Exporters for Transport Layer Security (TLS) (2010)

A number of protocols wish to leverage Transport Layer Security (TLS)
to perform key establishment but then use some of the keying material
for their own purposes. This document describes a general mechanism
for allowing that.
Biofilms and Planktonic Cells of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Have Similar Resistance to Killing by Antimicrobials (2001)

Biofilms are considered to be highly resistant to antimicrobial agents. Strictly speaking, this is not the case-biofilms do not grow in the presence of antimicrobials any better than do planktonic cells. Biofilms are indeed highly resistant to killing by bactericidal antimicrobials, compared to logarithmic-phase planktonic cells, and therefore exhibit tolerance. It is assumed that biofilms are also significantly more tolerant than stationary-phase planktonic cells. A detailed comparative examination of tolerance of biofilms versus stationary- and logarithmic-phase planktonic cells with four different antimicrobial agents was performed in this study. Carbenicillin appeared to be completely ineffective against both stationary-phase cells and biofilms. Killing by this beta-lactam antibiotic depends on rapid growth, and this result confirms the notion of slow-growing biofilms resembling the stationary state. Ofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that kills nongrowing cells, and biofilms and stationary-phase cells were comparably tolerant to this antibiotic. The majority of cells in both populations were eradicated at low levels of ofloxacin, leaving a fraction of essentially invulnerable persisters. The bulk of the population in both biofilm and stationary-phase cultures was tolerant to tobramycin. At very high tobramycin concentrations, a fraction of persister cells became apparent in stationary-phase culture. Stationary-phase cells were more tolerant to the biocide peracetic acid than were biofilms. In general, stationary-phase cells were somewhat more tolerant than biofilms in all of the cases examined. We concluded that, at least for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one of the model organisms for biofilm studies, the notion that biofilms have greater resistance than do planktonic cells is unwarranted. We further suggest that tolerance to antibiotics in stationary-phase or biofilm cultures is largely dependent on the presence of persister cells.
Crystalline morphologies in segmented copolymers with hard segments of uniform length (2004)

Abstract The crystal morphological properties of segmented poly(ether ester aramide) elastomers with aromatic hard‐segment amide units of uniform length were studied. Four samples with hard‐segment fractions ranging from 3.4 to 9 wt % were studied by tapping atomic force microscopy (AFM). For one sample, both solution and melt‐processed surfaces were examined, and similar crystal morphologies were found. The semicrystalline morphologies of these polymers had some similarities to other low‐hard‐segment segmented elastomers. The very thin needlelike or ribbonlike crystallites at the surface had a high aspect ratio for all the samples. The main difference observed for the different compositions was a decrease in the surface area density of ribbons with a decrease in the hard‐segment fraction. One sample was chosen for in situ AFM studies during film extension. The details of the crystallite orientation and breakup were studied in increments up to 700% elongation (8× stretch ratio) and after relaxation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1783–1792, 2004
ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY IMPACTS OF HIGHWAY PROJECTS (1986)

In this paper the safety impact of highway improvement and maintenance activities is examined in terms of accident reduction potentials of these activities. There are three causes of accident: (a) the driver, (b) the vehicle, and (c) the highway design elements. The driver is undoubtedly the most important single cause. Many studies have attempted to analyze the human behavior related to accidents, yet no significant agreement has been reached. Accidents due to vehicle failures have been reported in only a small percentage of accidents. The highway design elements, which are the direct factors that can be controlled by highway and traffic engineers, have been one of the major areas of study in highway safety. Proper highway design and maintenance can provide a driver with good road condition and information so that he may detect and evaluate hazards and make a correct decision to avoid potential dangers.
The Chemorheology of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Borate Gels (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Chemorheology of Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Borate GelsRay K. Schultz and Raymond R. MyersCite this: Macromolecules 1969, 2, 3, 281–285Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60009a014https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60009a014research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1322Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
HIGH-ORDER OPTICAL HARMONIC GENERATION ON CARBON NANOTUBES: QUANTUM-MECHANICAL APPROACH (2004)

The high harmonic generation by a single-wall carbon nanotube (CNT) due to the interaction with femtosecond laser pulses is investigated. The analysis utilizes the quantum kinetic equations for π-electrons with both intra-band and inter-band transitions. Nonperturbative approach using numerical solution of the quantum kinetic equations in the time domain has been developed and the density of the axial electric current in CNT has been calculated. The amplitude of this current and the conversion efficiency in dependence on the number of the high-order harmonics, the CNT type, the frequency and the intensity of the driving field have been investigated.
Post-Mining—a Holistic Approach (2020)

Abstract The European climate and energy framework for 2030 is highlighting the reduction of man-made CO 2 by increasing the use of renewable energy to mitigate climate change. In this spirit, Germany has decided to erase the coal use as an energy source by 2038 completely. Inevitably, this strategy promises a feasible, responsible, and sustainable post-mining management, because 200 years of coal mining have created numerous challenges necessary to tend to once the mining ends. Thus, the Research Institute for Post-Mining (FZN) at the TH Georg Agricola University in Bochum, Germany, has developed a holistic approach to meet these post-mining challenges including further expertise present at our university. Here, the four strategic research pillars are (1) technical geoecology and hydrogeology to avoid and mitigate risks underground, (2) geomonitoring to evaluate and protect the surface, (3) industrial heritage preservation and engineering to secure and reuse brownfields such as mine sites, and (4) economic transformation planning of mining regions to enable a prosper future for generations to come. In all efforts, we aim to achieve the fundamental goals of the UN to deal with the resources of our planet responsibly and sustainably. Furthermore, we are synergizing increasingly with national and international networks in the interest of social, economic, and environmental stakeholders.
Silver Nanowire Embedded in P3HT:PCBM for High-Efficiency Hybrid Photovoltaic Device Applications (2011)

A systematic approach has been followed in the development of a high-efficiency hybrid photovoltaic device that has a combination of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and silver nanowires (Ag NWs) in the active layer using the bulk heterojunction concept. The active layer is modified by utilizing a binary solvent system for blending. In addition, the solvent evaporation process after spin-coating is changed and an Ag NWs is incorporated to improve the performance of the hybrid photovoltaic device. Hybrid photovoltaic devices were fabricated by using a 1:0.7 weight ratio of P3HT to PCBM in a 1:1 weight ratio of o-dichlorobenzene and chloroform solvent mixture, in the presence and absence of 20 wt % of Ag NWs. We also compared the photovoltaic performance of Ag NWs embedded in P3HT:PCBM to that of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmittance electron microscopy, UV-visible absorption, incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency, and time-of-flight measurements are performed in order to characterize the hybrid photovoltaic devices. The optimal hybrid photovoltaic device composed of Ag NWs generated in this effort exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 3.91%, measured by using an AM 1.5G solar simulator at 100 mW/cm(2) light illumination intensity.
Fitting the Rasch Model to Account for Variation in Item Discrimination (2008)

Building on the Kelley and Gulliksen versions of classical test theory, this article shows that a logistic model having only a single item parameter can account for varying item discrimination, as well as difficulty, by using item–test correlations to adjust incorrect–correct (0–1) item responses prior to an initial model fit. The fit occurs through the application of least squares to the logits of the adjusted item responses. Iteration transforms each of the item–test correlations to an item–Θ correlation, of which the discrimination parameter a is shown to be a function. Comparing this response-adjusted model with the traditional Rasch model, a simulation study involving 10-, 20-, and 30-item tests showed that correlations of Θ estimates with their true values were uniformly higher for this model than for the Rasch model, whereas the reverse was true regarding b estimates. A hybrid of the two models proved to have the estimation advantages of both. Particularly notable in this study is that the correlation of Θ estimates with their true values was higher in the 20-item test using the response-adjusted or the hybrid model than in the 30-item test using the Rasch model for parameter estimation.
Household Membrane Bioreactor in Domestic Wastewater Treatment (1993)

The activated sludge process coupled with hollow fiber membrane for solid-liquid separation was applied to treat low strength domestic wastewater. Pilot-scale experimental unit used in this study consisted of 2 modules of 0.03 μm pore size with 9 m2 surface area each, immersed in the reactor which has a maximum working volume of 1.5 m3. Even when sewage was fed at varying rates following its diurnal flow variation to the bioreactor, good stability of the process was achieved which was shown by the consistency in treated water quality. The effluent turbidity and COD were well within the limits (less than 0.5 NTU and 3-5 mg/L). The transmembrane pressure drop was less than 20 cm Hg even after 2 months of operation. Application of jet aeration could be used to prolong the operational life of the membrane in the bioreactor. This system is an ideal one to be used as household wastewater treatment system.