gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microservices Architecture for Cloud Computing (2016)

As the new trends in various areas are emerged day by day, the new architecture for various applications is evolving. There is a demand from users for interactive, rich and dynamic experience on various platforms. These demands are satisfied by the applications having high availability, scalability and easy-to-execute on cloud platform. Most of the organizations want to update their applications frequently, several times a day. Monolithic applications have the limitation to support such demands. In this paper, we discuss the architecture called microservices, which can support to achieve above requirements. The applications with this new architecture have multiple services which can deploy independently. These services focus on a minor part of the applications. Microservices provide scalability and agility to the applications.
Oil-Field Chemistry (1989)

Chemicals of various types are used in every stage of drilling, completing, and producing oil and gas wells. This review describes these chemicals, why they are used, and recent developments. These chemicals include common inorganic salts, transition metal compounds, common organic chemicals and solvents, water-soluble and oil-soluble polymers, and surfactants. As existing fields become depleted, use of chemistry to maintain production via well stimulation, more efficient secondary recovery operations, and enhanced oil recovery become ever more important.
Partition based spatial-merge join (1996)

This paper describes PBSM (Partition Based Spatial-Merge), a new algorithm for performing spatial join operation. This algorithm is especially effective when neither of the inputs to the join have an index on the joining attribute. Such a situation could arise if both inputs to the join are intermediate results in a complex query, or in a parallel environment where the inputs must be dynamically redistributed. The PBSM algorithm partitions the inputs into manageable chunks, and joins them using a computational geometry based plane-sweeping technique. This paper also presents a performance study comparing the the traditional indexed nested loops join algorithm, a spatial join algorithm based on joining spatial indices, and the PBSM algorithm. These comparisons are based on complete implementations of these algorithms in Paradise, a database system for handling GIS applications. Using real data sets, the performance study examines the behavior of these spatial join algorithms in a variety of situations, including the cases when both, one, or none of the inputs to the join have an suitable index. The study also examines the effect of clustering the join inputs on the performance of these join algorithms. The performance comparisons demonstrates the feasibility, and applicability of the PBSM join algorithm.
A 30mW 12b 40MS/s subranging ADC with a high-gain offset-canceling positive-feedback amplifier in 90nm digital CMOS (2006)

A 12b 40MS/s 2-step subranging ADC is realized in a 90nm digital CMOS process. It uses a 7b coarse quantizer with a high-gain offset-canceling positive-feedback amplifier. ENOB is 10.2b at a 0.7V supply and 11.0b at a 1.0V supply. The ADC consumes 30mW at 40MS/s
Dynamic Laser Speckles And Refractive Measurements Of The Eye (1988)

A method for determining ametropia of the eye by using dynamic laser speckles is described in this paper, including its theoretical basis,optical system and results of clinical applications.
Large-scale multiplexing of interferometric fiber-optic sensors using TDM and DWDM (2001)

This paper describes multiplexing schemes for interferometric fiber sensors based on time-division multiplexed and dense wavelength-division multiplexing using optical add/drop multiplexers. The results of an experimental arrangement, which is based on one of the architectures, is also presented. Topics include a discussion of the noise sources in the system, dynamic range, and a characterization of the distributed feedback fiber laser source noise. We show the crosstalk levels in the experimental arrangement to be between -47 and -76 dB depending on the mechanism involved. The multiplexing schemes demonstrate the potential to address at least 192 interferometric sensors through two fibers based on a system with six wavelengths with a phase resolution less than 20 /spl mu/rad//spl radic/Hz. For application to sonar arrays, our analysis has shown that hydrophones multiplexed in this type of architecture would achieve ambient acoustic noise-limited pressure resolution with an in-water dynamic range up to 135 dB at frequencies up to 10 kHz. In general, these architectures would find application in systems requiring very large numbers of sensors with a minimum of telemetry cabling required.
Trifluormethylsulfonylstickstoff-Verbindungen (1970)

Durch Umsetzung von Trifluormethylsulfonylamid, CF 3 SO 2 NH 2 , mit Phosphorpentachlorid, Thionylchlorid und Schwefeltetrafluorid konnten die Verbindungen Trichlorphosphoranylidensulfonylmethyltrifluorid CF 3 SO 2 N=PCl 3 ,N-(Trifluormethylsulfonyl) schwefeloxidimid CF 3 SO 2 N=S=O und N-(Trifluormethylsulfonyl) iminoschwefeldifluorid CF 3 SO 2 N=SF 2 , hergestellt werden. Trifluormethylsulfonylfluorid reagiert mit Dimethylamin zum Trifluormethylsulfonyldimethylamid. Die neuen Verbindungen werden durch ihre Elementaranalyse, IR-Spektren und 19 F- und 1 H-KMR-Spektren charakterisiert.
Superoxide anion radical (O2.bul.-)-mediated base-catalyzed autoxidation of enones (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSuperoxide anion radical (O2.bul.-)-mediated base-catalyzed autoxidation of enonesAryeh A. Frimer, Pessia Gilinsky-Sharon, Gladis Aljadeff, Hugo E. Gottlieb, Judith Hameiri-Buch, Vered Marks, Rachel Philosof, and Zilpa RosentalCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 20, 4853–4866Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00281a030https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00281a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1205Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DFB Lasers Between 760 nm and 16 µm for Sensing Applications (2010)

Recent years have shown the importance of tunable semiconductor lasers in optical sensing. We describe the status quo concerning DFB laser diodes between 760 nm and 3,000 nm as well as new developments aiming for up to 80 nm tuning range in this spectral region. Furthermore we report on QCL between 3 μm and 16 μm and present new developments. An overview of the most interesting applications using such devices is given at the end of this paper.
Artifact suppression in imaging of myocardial infarction using <i>B</i><sub>1</sub>‐weighted phased‐array combined phase‐sensitive inversion recovery† (2004)

Regions of the body with long T1, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), may create ghost artifacts on gadolinium-hyperenhanced images of myocardial infarction when inversion recovery (IR) sequences are used with a segmented acquisition. Oscillations in the transient approach to steady state for regions with long T1 may cause ghosts, with the number of ghosts being equal to the number of segments. B1-weighted phased-array combining provides an inherent degree of ghost artifact suppression because the ghost artifact is weighted less than the desired signal intensity by the coil sensitivity profiles. Example images are shown that illustrate the suppression of CSF ghost artifacts by the use of B1-weighted phased-array combining of multiple receiver coils.
Multilayered Aluminum Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Ultraviolet Bandpass Filtering (2016)

A multilayered aluminum-based metasurface is proposed toward realization of compact bandpass transmission filters for the ultraviolet spectral region. A systematic numerical study is presented that can assist in precisely tailoring the filter characteristics. The filter performance characteristics are benchmarked against previously reported filters. The proposed structures are CMOS process compatible and are suitable as replacements of bulky Wood's filters; consequently, they are a promising step toward cost-effective UV photodetectors and multispectral imagers.
The effects of nitric oxide synthase and its antagonist on alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization (2013)

Background Though nitric oxide (NO) and NO synthase (NOS) have a critical role in angiogenesis,their effects on corneal neovascularization (CNV) and mechanism need to be further explored.Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of NOS and its antagonist,Nw-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on experimental CNV in mice,and investigate the influence of NOS and L-NAME on the tube formation of human retinal endothelial cells (RECs) in vitro.Methods The CNV models were established in the left eyes of 36 male BALB/c mice aged 7-8 weeks by application of the filter paper with NaOH in the center of corneas.The mice were randomized into two groups.L-NAME of 10 g/L (0.5 ml) was intraperitoneally injected 1 week before induction of CNV three times a week for three weeks in the mice of the L-NAME injection,and PBS was used in the same way in the control group.CNV was examined under the slit lamp biomicroscope 2,4,7,14 days after NaOH burn.The expression of CD31 in the CNV was assayed to calculate the ratio of CNV area and total corneal area using whole mount technique.The expression of NOS mRNA in the corneal tissue was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and VEGF expression in the human RECs was assayed by Western blot.The vessel formation number of cultured human RECs with or without L-NAME was performed by matrigel in vitro.Grouped t test was used to compare the differences of the parameters between the two groups.Results CNV developed and peaked 2 weeks after the application of NaOH on the mice corneas,and the CNV was obviously less in the L-NAME group compared with the control group.The expression of NOS mRNA in the corneas (NOS mRNA/ GAPDH mRNA)was significantly lower in the L-NAME group than that of the control group 2,4,7 days after CNV induction (t =19.481,t=22.059,t=10.961,all at P＜0.01).The ratio of the CD31 positive area in whole corneal area was 0.59± 0.01 in the L-NAME group,and that of the control group was 0.78±0.10,showing a significant difference between the two groups (t =3.078,P＜0.05).Western blot assay showed that the relative expression of VEGF protein in human RECs was declined in the L-NAME group compared with the control group 0,2,4,7 days,with statistically significant differences in 4 days and 7 days after NaOH burn(t=7.696,t=17.953,both at P＜0.01).The number of vessel network was 46.33±1.86 in the L-NAME group and 64.00±4.51 in the control group,with a significant difference between them (t =3.623,P＜0.05).Conclusions NOS participated in the pathogenesis and aggravation of CNV induced by NaOH.L-NAME arrests CNV formation and human RECs tube formation through down regulating the VEGF expression and NOS activity.

Key words: 
Cornea; Neovascularization; Nitric oxide synthase; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Alkali burn
Case 8-1974 (1974)

Presentation of CaseA 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hypercalcemia.At the age of 30 years abdominal pain developed, and a diagnosis of a duodenal ulcer was made. The pain recurred four years and again three years before entry and was controlled with diet. Eight years before admission bilateral flank pain occurred, and he was told that he had passed a kidney stone. Twenty-two months before entry pruritus developed, with dryness of the skin and whitish papules on the arms; hydroxyzine was prescribed, with partial relief. Two months later left gynecomastia appeared. In recent months he . . .
Screen space meshes (2007)

We present a simple yet powerful approach for the generation and rendering of surfaces defined by the boundary of a three-dimensional point cloud. First, a depth map plus internal and external silhouettes of the surface are generated in screen space. These are used to construct a 2D screen space triangle mesh with a new technique that is derived from Marching Squares. The resulting mesh is transformed back to 3D world space for the computation of occlusions, reflections, refraction, and other shading effects. One of the main applications for screen space meshes is the visualization of Lagrangian, particle-based fluids models. Our new method has several advantages over the full 3D Marching Cubes approach. The algorithm only generates surface where it is visible, view-dependent level of detail comes for free, and interesting visual effects are possible by filtering in screen space.
Electrostatically levitated ring-shaped rotational-gyro/accelerometer using all-digital OFDM detection with TAD (2012)

This paper presents a five-axis ring-MEMS rotational-gyro/accelerometer with an all-digital sensor circuit except for a C/V converter. For achieving all-digital construction, we apply Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) using the all-digital TAD-OFDM concept for detecting multi-axis position signals of a single MEMS-ring element (dia. 1.5 mm), which is electrostatically levitated with a PWM-drive force-balance servo-system, using no analog elements after the C/V converter. In this sensor, seven carrier waves are set with specified frequencies arranged in accordance with power-of-two relationship including their π/2-phase-shift waves. Hence, the multiplex-detecting signals can be simultaneously demodulated just by using adders/subtractors. Thanks to this method, we can perfectly separate PWM-drive periods from multi-axis position sensing periods. In this study, the maximally-digital rotational-gyro/accelerometer performance with a 9-bit 25-MS/s TAD in a 0.65-μm CMOS and PWM-drive force-balance technology is experimentally confirmed with FPGA and DSP on the test board, achieving resolutions both 0.1 deg/s/LSB and 1 mG/LSB with a noise level of 0.03 deg/s/Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> and 0.3 mG/Hz <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1/2</sup> , respectively, without the need for any conventional ADCs and DACs.
An Investigation of Using Loop-Back Mechanism for Channel Reciprocity Enhancement in Secret Key Generation (2018)

Physical layer security key generation exploits unpredictable features from wireless channels to achieve high security, which requires high reciprocity in order to set up symmetric keys between two users. This paper investigates enhancing the channel reciprocity using a loop-back scheme with multiple frequency bands in time-division duplex (TDD) communication systems, in order to mitigate the effect of hardware fingerprint interference and synchronization offset. The scheme is evaluated to be robust to passive eavesdropping and active Man-in-the-Middle attack through both theoretical analyses and practical measurements. A secret key generation protocol is subsequently designed. The performance of the proposed secret key generation method is then evaluated through both numerical simulation and experiments. Results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively mitigate non-reciprocity and outperforms the classical TDD scheme in both key disagreement rate and key generation rate.
Analysis of the selective behavior of multilayer lossy dielectric structures with a dielectric grating (2002)

The reflection and transmission properties of structures consisting of dielectric multilayers (infinitely long along the y direction), with the index of refraction of one of them varying periodically with distance, are examined. These structures are commonly known as waveguides with a dielectric grating and present frequency selective reflection and transmission characteristics. Based on these properties Bertoni et al. (1989) proposed the use of these structures as dichroic surfaces in the millimeter wave band since in this band the dielectric losses are lower. In the work by Bertoni et al. the analysis considered a periodic layer with a height h/sub p/, having a characteristic cell with a period d, made up of two lossless dielectric slabs with air above and below the periodic layer. It is shown in the present paper that the selective behavior of the structure may be modified by adding dielectric layers above and below the periodic layer. In addition, the effect of dielectric loss is also examined.
Uncommon grounds: the history of coffee and how it transformed our world (1999)

* Prologue: The Oriflama Harvest * Introduction: Puddle Water or Panacea? Seeds Of Conquest * Coffee Colonizes the World * The Coffee Kingdoms * The American Drink * The Great Coffee Wars of the Gilded Age * Hermann Sielcken and Brazilian Valorization * The Drug Drink Canning The Buzz * Growing Pains * Making the World Safe for Coffee * Selling an Image in the Jazz Age * Burning Beans, Starving Campesinos * Showboating the Depression * Cuppa Joe Bitter Brews * Coffee Witch Hunts and Instant Non-Gratification * Robusta Triumphant Romancing The Bean * A Scattered Band of Fanatics * The Black Frost * The Specialty Revolution * The Starbucks Experience * Eco-Coffee
Adhesive Bond Stiffness of Staphylococcus aureus with and without Proteins That Bind to an Adsorbed Fibronectin Film (2011)

Staphylococcus aureus is known to cause biomaterial-associated infections of implants and devices once it has breached the skin and mucosal barriers. Adhesion is the initial step in the development of a biomaterial-associated infection, and strategies to prevent staphylococcal adhesion and thus biomaterial-associated infections require understanding of the adhesive bond. The aim of this study was to compare the adhesive bond stiffnesses of two S. aureus strains with and without fibronectin-binding proteins (FnBPs) adhering to a fibronectin-coated quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor surface on the basis of a coupled- resonance model. Both fibronectin adsorption and staphylococcal adhesion were accompanied by negative frequency shifts, regardless of the absence or presence of FnBPs on the staphylococcal cell surfaces. This is the opposite of the positive frequency shifts often observed for other bacterial strains adhering to bare sensor surfaces. Most likely, adhering staphylococci sink into and deform the adsorbed protein layer, creating stiff binding with the sensor surface due to an increased bacterium-substratum contact area. S. aureus 8325-4 possesses FnBPs and yields less negative frequency shifts (Δf) that are further away from the zero-crossing frequency than S. aureus DU5883. This suggests that FnBPs on S. aureus 8325-4 create a stiffer bond to the fibronectin coating than has been observed for S. aureus DU5883. Due to a limited window of observation, as defined by the available resonance frequencies in QCM, we could not determine exact stiffness values.
REVIEW : Intestinal Stricture in Crohn`s Disease (2015)

Crohn`s disease (CD) is a disease with chronic inflammation of unknown etiology involving any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The incidence and prevalence of CD are increasing recently in Asia. Half of the CD patients will have intestinal complica-tions, such as strictures or fistulas, within 20 years after diagnosis. Twenty-five percentage of CD patients have had at least one small bowel stricture and 10% have had at least one colonic stricture and lead to significant complications. Most of these pa-tients will require at least one surgery during their lifetime. Early diagnosis and evaluation with adequate managements for the patients can prevent disability and mortality of these patient. Here, we reviewed the current incidence of CD with stricture, the etiology of stricture, and how to diagnose and manage the stricture. (Intest Res 2015;13:19-26)
Inorganic oxide aerosols of controlled submicronic dimensions (1973)

Metallic oxides aerosols are prepared by decomposition of anhydrous chlorides in the diffusion flame of a hydrogen–oxygen reactor. The flow rate of the chloride vapour, the temperature of the flame and the residence time of the reagent in the flame determine the shape (spherical or polyhedral), the dimensions (in the range from 60 Å to 2000 Å) and in some cases the crystalline structure of the particles, which in all cases are non-porous.These highly divided oxides exhibit unusual photocatalytic properties which are not encountered with aerosols in the micron range or with porous particles prepared in a conventional way. Titanium dioxide, in particular, enables the catalytic photo-oxidation (in the u.-v. range) at room temperature of organic and inorganic compounds. Paraffins and olefins are oxidized partially and/or totally whereas ammonia yields N2O and N2, carbon monoxide yields carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide yields sulphur dioxide and sulphur.
On-line character recognition using histograms of features and an associative memory (2004)

The paper investigates a new representation of shape and its use in handwritten on-line character recognition. This representation is based on the empirical distribution of features such as tangents, and tangent differences at distant points along the character signal. Recognition is carried out by a Kohonen associative memory (also called Kohonen self organizing feature map), trained using this representation, and the Hellinger distance, which measures the distance between distributions. We report on extensive experiments that show the pertinence of the representation and the superior performance of the scheme.
Dynamics of Microsphere Suspensions Probed by High-Frequency Dynamic Ultrasound Scattering (2009)

The sedimentation velocity and its fluctuations were investigated for polystyrene microspheres with the diameter 3.6−32 μm by high-frequency dynamic ultrasound scattering. A longitudinal broadband transducer centered at the nominal frequency 20 MHz was employed to probe the particle dynamics along the directions parallel and perpendicular to the sedimentation direction in highly turbid solutions. For the former case, the average sedimentation velocity and its variance were obtained since the direction of the scattering vector coincides with that of the particle displacement. Subsequently, the velocities were calculated to estimate the particle diameters. On the other hand, the velocity fluctuations can be solely determined when the wave propagation direction is normal to the gravity because the average displacement is zero. The velocity fluctuations were evaluated as a function of the sample position, and it was found that the significant decrease in the velocity fluctuations near the two cell walls was observed. The resonance scattering could have an additional role, exclusive for the large particles. Analysis on particle sizing was also attempted from the measurements of the horizontal velocity fluctuations.