gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seamless Metallic Coating and Surface Adhesion of Self-Assembled Bioinspired Nanostructures Based on Di-(3,4-dihydroxy-<scp>l</scp>-phenylalanine) Peptide Motif (2014)

The noncoded aromatic 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (DOPA) amino acid has a pivotal role in the remarkable adhesive properties displayed by marine mussels. These properties have inspired the design of adhesive chemical entities through various synthetic approaches. DOPA-containing bioinspired polymers have a broad functional appeal beyond adhesion due to the diverse chemical interactions presented by the catechol moieties. Here, we harnessed the molecular self-assembly abilities of very short peptide motifs to develop analogous DOPA-containing supramolecular polymers. The DOPA-containing DOPA-DOPA and Fmoc-DOPA-DOPA building blocks were designed by substituting the phenylalanines in the well-studied diphenylalanine self-assembling motif and its 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected derivative. These peptides self-organized into fibrillar nanoassemblies, displaying high density of catechol functional groups. Furthermore, the Fmoc-DOPA-DOPA peptide was found to act as a low molecular weight hydrogelator, forming self-supporting hydrogel which was rheologically characterized. We studied these assemblies using electron microscopy and explored their applicative potential by examining their ability to spontaneously reduce metal cations into elementary metal. By applying ionic silver to the hydrogel, we observed efficient reduction into silver nanoparticles and the remarkable seamless metallic coating of the assemblies. Similar redox abilities were observed with the DOPA-DOPA assemblies. In an effort to impart adhesiveness to the obtained assemblies, we incorporated lysine (Lys) into the Fmoc-DOPA-DOPA building block. The assemblies of Fmoc-DOPA-DOPA-Lys were capable of gluing together glass surfaces, and their adhesion properties were investigated using atomic force microscopy. Taken together, a class of DOPA-containing self-assembling peptides was designed. These nanoassemblies display unique properties and can serve as multifunctional platforms for various biotechnological applications.
Ultra-Low Dosage Regimen of Rituximab in Autoimmune Blistering Skin Conditions (2018)

OPINION article Front. Immunol., 18 April 2018Sec. Autoimmune and Autoinflammatory Disorders Volume 9 - 2018 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00810
Luciani Menippus et Timon, with English notes by E. C. Mackie, B.A., late classical master at Heversham Grammar School. Edited for the Syndics of the University Press. Cambridge University Press. 1892. 3<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. (1892)

Luciani Menippus et Timon, with English notes by E. C. Mackie, B.A., late classical master at Heversham Grammar School. Edited for the Syndics of the University Press. Cambridge University Press. 1892. 3s. 6d. - Volume 6 Issue 7
Organic photochemistry. XII. Further studies on the mechanism of coumarin photodimerization, observation of an unusual "heavy atom" effect (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganic photochemistry. XII. Further studies on the mechanism of coumarin photodimerization, observation of an unusual "heavy atom" effectRichard Hoffman, Paula Wells, and Harry MorrisonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 1, 102–108Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00800a022https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00800a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views793Altmetric-Citations75LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Burn wound closure using permanent skin replacement materials (1992)

Over the past decade, very significant advances in the development of clinically useful, permanent skin replacement materials have taken place. The most prominent and successful approaches to the physiological closure of an open wound have been either by creating a totally artificial dermal matrix material, by using culture techniques to expand cell populations for autologous transplantation, or by using a combination of these methods. As a result of substantial early progress in this field, permanent skin replacement materials as a treatment modality promise significant contributions to improved wound management and increased survival rates for patients with devastating soft tissue destruction such as massive burn injuries.
Sectional imaging of spatially refractive index distribution using coaxial rotation digital holographic microtomography (2014)

We propose and demonstrate a novel optical section imaging technique to measure the spatially refractive index (RI) distribution inside a sample using coaxial rotation digital holographic microtomography (DHμT). In this method, the illuminated laser source and image sensor are lined up and simultaneously rotated around the sample. The transmitted waves collected from the sample are used to generate a symmetric frequency, coverage as in a sample-rotation approach was discussed and simulated theoretically. We experimentally performed the sectional imaging of the RI inside a silicon micro-bead immersed in a liquid surrounding medium, to confirm the coaxial rotation DHμT as having the phase stability for tomographic recording and the reconstruction process. This sectional imaging technique is applied to measure the spatially RI distribution of a fusion structure between a single mode fiber and a polarization-maintaining fiber.
A ribozyme that ligates RNA to protein (2002)

We have used a combination of in vitro selection and rational design to generate ribozymes that form a stable phosphoamide bond between the 5' terminus of an RNA and a specific polypeptide. This reaction differs from that of previously identified ribozymes, although the product is analogous to the enzyme-nucleotidyl intermediates isolated during the reactions of certain proteinaceous enzymes, such as guanyltransferase, DNA ligase, and RNA ligase. Comparative sequence analysis of the isolated ribozymes revealed that they share a compact secondary structure containing six stems arranged in a four-helix junction and branched pseudoknot. An optimized version of the ribozyme reacts with substrate-fusion proteins, allowing it to be used to attach RNA tags to proteins both in vitro and within bacterial cells, suggesting a simple way to tag a specific protein with amplifiable information.
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen decreases in normal human keratinocytes with differentiation stimuli but not in an HPV immortalised cell line. (1994)

The aim of this study was to establish an objectively assessable procedure simulating simultaneous exposure to irritants and allergens in domestic and occupational environments, in order to evaluate differences in the reactivity to the combination of these substances in atopic and non-atopic nickel-sensitized subjects. Thirty-four nickel-sensitive patients, 20 of whom were affected by atopic dermatitis, underwent four patch tests with NiSO4 0.05% aq. on two adjacent sites of both volar forearms, with a 24-h application time. Two of the test sites were treated with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 5% for 30 min, before application of the nickel sulfate preparation. Echographic recordings were performed by a 20-MHz B-scanner and processed by an image analysis program, providing a numerical representation of the picture data, based on the attribution of fictional values to the amplitudes of the echoes. The dermal inflammatory reaction was quantified by an amplitude band, marking the hypo-reflecting part of the dermis, whereas epidermal damage was assessed by a band highlighting the entrance echo. Pre-treatment with SLS of the skin area where nickel sulfate was subsequently applied greatly enhanced the allergic response at 24 and 72 h, both in subjects with atopic dermatitis and in subjects with allergic contact dermatitis. However, in atopics, the increase in the allergic reactivity after irritation of the skin was more pronounced both by clinical and by echographic evaluation. These observations stress the importance of the concurrent action of irritants and allergens in maintaining the dermatitis in atopics.
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor is a Survival Factor for Isolectin B4-Positive, but not Vanilloid Receptor 1-Positive, Neurons in the Mouse (2002)

Most, if not all, nociceptor sensory neurons are dependent on nerve growth factor (NGF) during early embryonic development. A large subpopulation of these sensory neurons loses NGF dependency between embryonic day 16 and postnatal day 14 and become responsive to glial cell line-derived growth factor (GDNF), a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family. To examine the survival and phenotypic effects of GDNF on sensory neurons in vivo , we generated transgenic mice that overexpress GDNF in the skin. GDNF-overexpresser mice had increased numbers of small unmyelinated sensory neurons that express the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret and bind the plant isolectin B4 (IB4). Surprisingly, in wild-type and transgenic mice, few (∼2%) IB4-positive neurons expressed the vanilloid receptor VR1, a heat-sensitive receptor expressed by many IB4-positive neurons of the rat. Thus, in mouse, GDNF-dependent IB4-positive neurons must use a non-VR1 heat receptor. In addition, the behavior of GDNF-overexpresser animals to noxious heat or mechanical stimuli was indistinguishable from wild-type animals, indicating that, on a behavioral level, peripherally applied GDNF does not alter the sensitivity of the somatosensory system.
THE ARYABHATA CIPHER (1988)

A cipher used by the astronomer Aryabhata (c. 500 A.D.) is described. It converts numbers into letter sequences and a number can be represented by many different cipher sequences. The cipher can be viewed as an example of an encryption paradigm where the encryption is defined by a key class rather than a single key. By defining an extremely large set of keys, the task of the cryptanalyst can become well nigh impossible.
Conversion of Technical Lignins to Amphiphilic Derivatives with High Surface Activity (2010)

Abstract To make use of technical lignins as a nonionic polymeric surfactant, we have already reported the modification of acetic acid lignin (AL) to amphiphilic derivatives by polyoxyethylation using two types of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with diglycidyl (PEGDE) and monoglycidyl (EPEG) groups.[ 1 Homma, H., Kubo, S., Yamada, T., Matsushita, Y. and Uraki, Y. 2008. Preparation and characterization of amphiphilic lignin derivatives as surfactants. J. Wood Chem. and Technol., 28(4): 270–282. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar] ] Kraft lignin (KL) was converted to amphiphiles in a similar manner. The resultant KL derivatives also indicated high surface activity. Polyethylene glycol with long alkyl chain was introduced to AL, KL, and lignosulfonate (LS) to prepare surfactants of high performance, using dodecyloxy-polyethylene glycol glycidyl ether (DAEO). The resultant DAEO-derivatives showed lower critical micelle concentration by 2–4 orders of magnitude than the corresponding PEGDE- and EPEG-derivatives. The DAEO-derivatives from LS showed better dispersibility for gypsum paste, one of cement components, than LS.
Reduction of energy requirements in distillation (1989)

Abstract Distillation has been, up to now, the standard method for separating fluid mixtures in the process industry and the consensus is that it will remain so for years to come. The only disadvantage of distillation is its high energy requirement. In the following, it will be demonstrated on the example of an ideal ternary mixture, how the energy requirement of distillation process can be reduced. Very effective are some modifications of single columns, optimization of column sequences and direct or indirect column coupling. It will be shown that, just by column coupling, the energy requirement can be reduced to a third.
ChemInform Abstract: Safer Conditions for the Curtius Rearrangement of 1,3,5‐Benzenetricarboxylic Acid. (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Quantitative analysis of hemoglobin oxygenation state of rat brain in situ by near-infrared spectrophotometry (1988)

The light in the near-infrared region (700-900 nm) was illuminated on the rat head, and absorption spectra were measured with the transmitted light under various conditions. The absorbance changes less than 780 nm were attributable to hemoglobin in the brain tissue, whereas those greater than 780 nm were associated with both hemoglobin and cytochrome oxidase. The changes of oxy- and total (oxy- plus deoxy-) hemoglobin content in the rat head could be monitored quantitatively by expressions of delta A700--1.20 delta A730 and delta A700--1.52 delta A730, respectively. The oxyhemoglobin content in the tissue was decreased as the O2 tension in inspired gas was lowered. At 10% O2 approximately 50% of hemoglobin was deoxygenated. The total hemoglobin content was increased under anoxic conditions. Inhalation of 5% CO2 and intravenous injection of a Ca2+ blocker nicardipine increased the O2 saturation of hemoglobin in the brain. These conclusions were confirmed by measuring the difference absorption spectra in the near-infrared region.
A Cell-Based Model of Thrombin Generation (2006)

We have developed a cell-based model of thrombin generation using activated monocytes as a source of tissue factor (TF) and platelets serving as a surface for thrombin generation. Monocytes are activated by lipopolysaccharide and express cell-bound TF. To these are added physiologic (plasma) concentrations of all the plasma procoagulants as well as TF pathway inhibitor, antithrombin, and C1-esterase inhibitor. Coagulation takes place in microtiter wells and is initiated by factor VIIa (FVIIa) and calcium. At time intervals, aliquots are removed, platelet activation is measured by the expression of P-selectin, and thrombin generation is measured by chromogenic assay. In addition, one can measure the activation of FIX, FX, FVIII, FV, and FXI. Initial results reveal that the FVIIa-TF interaction results in the activation of FX to FXa and FIX to FIXa. FXa stays in the vicinity of the TF-bearing cell and, in the presence of FVa, converts a small amount of prothrombin to thrombin on the surface of the TF cell. This small amount of thrombin is not sufficient to clot fibrinogen, but is sufficient to activate platelets and FVIII, FV, and FXI. Following platelet activation, FVIIIa, FVa, and FXa occupy sites on the activated platelet surface. FIXa, activated by TF-FVIIa, does not remain on the TF cell, but converts FX to FXa on the platelet surface. FXIa acts to boost FIXa generation on the activated platelet, increasing FXa and subsequent thrombin generation. We have also shown that activated protein C does not inactivate Va on the platelet surface but rather on endothelial cell surfaces.
Herpes simplex virus‐based vectors (2004)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vectors have primarily been developed for neuronal gene delivery, taking advantage of the virus' natural neurotropism. Two types of vector are available: replication defective viruses, whose cytotoxicity has been abolished by deleting viral gene products, and amplicon vectors, which are plasmids packaged into HSV particles with the aid of a helper virus. In this review I discuss how the cytotoxicity of the wild-type virus has been abolished, the progress which has been made toward defining promoter elements capable of directing long-term transgene expression form the latent viral genome and some of the potential clinical uses of these versatile vectors.
Membrane separation processes in the petrochemical industry: Phase II, April 1, 1984 - October 30, 1985 (1985)

Permeation results, chemical analysis, and process testing of membranes designed for use in separation processes in the petrochemical industry are reported. In order to obtain data of commercial relevance to industrial users, most of this work was with membranes packaged as spiral-wound modules.
Bakerian Lecture:—The pressure of light against the source: the recoil from light (1910)

Abstract All experiments on the pressure of radiation have hitherto been made on the force exerted by light or radiation on a receiving surface. The experiment now to be described shows the pressure of radiation against the source from which it starts, and from analogy with a gun we may term this the recoil from light. It does not appear practicable to show this effect by using a source in which heat is developed intrinsically. But if radiation falls on an absorbing body it heats the body and the heat so developed issues again as radiation, and it is possible to detect the effect of this issuing radiation. Theory. We may see the nature of the action to be looked for by considering an ideal case in which we allow a beam of light with energy P per cubic centimetre to fall normally in a perfect vacuum in turn on each of four discs, the front and back surfaces of these discs being respectively as in fig. 1, where B represents a fully absorbing or “black” surface, and S a fully reflecting or non-radiating surface.
Biological agents in rheumatoid arthritis. (1992)

New potential therapies using molecular biology technology are under development. The initial trials in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with interferon gamma were disappointing. Cytokine inhibitors such as interleukin-1 receptor antagonist are beginning clinical trials. Growth factors have been used to treat isolated complications associated with RA. Monoclonal antibodies to target active cell lines or receptors are also under study with preliminary results available from several studies. This technology offers a hope lf more selective interventions for many systemic rheumatic diseases.
Pinout Optimization for 10 Gbps+ Serial Link Routing (2010)

Definition and optimization a BGA (ball grid array) package pinout is a complicated process. Multiple factors must be considered, such as chip level floorplan, board placement of the component, the board stackup, escape routability, and signal and power integrity constraints. These tradeoffs and decisions impact package body size and board real estate, therefore overall system cost. At high frequencies, such as &gt;10 Gbps, the BGA to board via transitions cause visible impedance and noise mismatches and becomes a critical factor in the end to end channel design. Determining BGA pin assignments and their PCB transitions must meet the package crosstalk constraints within the required commodity PCB technology manufacturing rules. This paper describes a methodology of extracting 4 differential signal pairs in the board file from BGA ball to its PCB via transitions through BGA pin field into 3D field solver. The extracted geometry is simulated to determine near-end and far-end crosstalk noise levels between a single victim pair and its associated aggressors. Different pin assignment designs will have different number of aggressors to consider. Different routing layers will also produce different signal via stub lengths (specific resonant frequency) and signal via coupling contributing to far-end crosstalk noise. This may require back drilling of differential signal via stubs to minimize this noise. The aggregated crosstalk noise level must be equal to or better than what the package can deliver. Once these design rules are determined, they can be leveraged across all channels running at the same frequency.
Paramagnetic Nematic Liquid Crystals (1987)

Abstract Five nematogenic complexes, bis[1-(p-n-decyl-biphenyl) 3-(p-substituted phenyl) propane-1, 3-dionato]-copper (II), have been prepared. The mesophase, which occurs monotropically in all of them, is of the usual nematic type, but has paramagnetic properties. Magnetic, dielectric and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements are presented. A preliminary analysis of the data indicates the existence of antiparallel correlations in the nematic phase.
Object tracking with a moving camera (2003)

The authors describe the implementation of the local and focal levels of a dynamic-motion-analysis framework. Dynamic motion analysis achieves efficiency through sequential decomposition of a complex analysis task into simpler tasks, by 'peeling off complexity', and by directing analysis to portions of a scene that are most critical to the vision task. The authors describe four basic techniques for implementing dynamic analysis: foveation, two-stage motion computation, tracking, and one-component-at-a-time segmentation. Each process entails several iterations of a basic operation but convergence is fast and the computations themselves can be relatively crude. By way of illustration, the dynamic motion analysis technique was applied to a number of image sequences. Particular attention is given to an actual video sequence of a helicopter flying over a terrain. The sequence was obtained from a camera moving relative to the helicopter. It is concluded that the dynamic approach to motion analysis holds the promise of performing real-time processing to obtain precise, robust results, using practical hardware.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>