gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compressive sensing applied to imaging by ground-based polarimetric SAR (2011)

Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GB-SAR) has been used to show the difference in polarimetric behavior of a metal sphere object located in different azimuth positions. However, this study has a problem with long data collection in experiment and the probability of measurement error due to antenna vibration during the movement in antenna rail. In this paper, Compressive Sensing (CS) is used in simulation by doing the sampling process to the measurement data from experiment. Full GB-SAR images are produced by solving 11 minimization problem using the sampled data. The result shows that CS can reduce measurement to around 1%, while giving better quality images and give the same conclusions to the conventional system.
The nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in infancy: effects of age, gender, season, viral upper respiratory tract infection and sleeping position (1999)

The aim of the investigation was to determine the effect of age, gender, viral upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), season and sleeping position on the composition of the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora in infancy. Seventy-two babies, 38 male and 34 female, whose birthdates were evenly spread throughout the year were followed from birth to 18 months of age. From 0 to 6 months nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained once a month in periods without URTI and daily for 3 days during episodes of URTI. From 12 to 18 months of age nasopharyngeal swabs were obtained in the early morning after an overnight sleep and later in the day after the baby had been up for over 2 h. Swabs were obtained in prone and supine sleepers with and without infection. In infants aged 0–6 months URTI had little effect on the nasopharyngeal bacterial flora, but there was a marked effect of age and less marked effect of season and gender. In particular Staphylococcus aureus carriage decreased with age, was most common in the winter months and the density of colonisation was greater in males than females. In infants aged 12–18 months the combination of prone sleeping with URTI and an early morning swab led to increased carriage of staphylococci, streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae and Gram-negative bacilli which are not normally part of the nasopharyngeal flora. These results are relevant to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The combination of prone sleeping and URTI reproduces the nasopharyngeal flora seen in SIDS. Gram-negative bacilli isolated from SIDS cases should not be dismissed as post-mortem contaminants. The features of S. aureus make it a prime candidate for a pathogenic role in SIDS.
IκB‐Kinase‐ε (IKKε/IKKi/IκBKε) expression and localization in prostate cancer tissues (2011)

This study strongly suggests the role of IKKε as a PCa oncogene that may be involved in the emergence of a CR state.
The facile synthesis of hierarchical porous flower-like NiCo2O4 with superior lithium storage properties (2013)

In this work, we demonstrate the facile fabrication of 3-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous flower-like NiCo2O4 and its application as an anode material in high-performance lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The uniform flower-like NiCo2O4 is built from porous nanoplates with thicknesses of approximately 25 nm. A detailed investigation reveals that PVP plays an important role, not only in controlling the formation of the delicate hierarchical flower-like structure, but also in creating the uniform pores of each nanoplate. Furthermore, a possible formation mechanism for this unique structure is proposed based on the experimental results. As a virtue of its beneficial structural features, the as-prepared NiCo2O4 exhibits an enhanced lithium storage capacity and excellent cycling stability (∼939 mA h g−1 at 100 mA g−1 after 60 cycles). This remarkable electrochemical performance can be attributed to the hierarchical structure and sufficient void space within the surface of the nanoplates, which effectively increases the contact area between the active materials and the electrolyte, reducing the Li+ diffusion pathway and buffering the volume change during cycling.
Infrared Spectroscopy (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared SpectroscopyR. C. GoreCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 1, 11–19Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60085a003https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60085a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The chemical composition and structure of the yeast cell wall (1952)

2. The two methods of sedimentation gave identical results and 80-95 % ofthe enzyme activity was found in the precipitate.
3D Cryo‐Imaging: A Very High‐Resolution View of the Whole Mouse (2009)

We developed the Case Cryo-imaging system that provides information rich, very high-resolution, color brightfield, and molecular fluorescence images of a whole mouse using a section-and-image block-face imaging technology. The system consists of a mouse-sized, motorized cryo-microtome with special features for imaging, a modified, brightfield/fluorescence microscope, and a robotic xyz imaging system positioner, all of which is fully automated by a control system. Using the robotic system, we acquired microscopic tiled images at a pixel size of 15.6 microm over the block face of a whole mouse sectioned at 40 microm, with a total data volume of 55 GB. Viewing 2D images at multiple resolutions, we identified small structures such as cardiac vessels, muscle layers, villi of the small intestine, the optic nerve, and layers of the eye. Cryo-imaging was also suitable for imaging embryo mutants in 3D. A mouse, in which enhanced green fluorescent protein was expressed under gamma actin promoter in smooth muscle cells, gave clear 3D views of smooth muscle in the urogenital and gastrointestinal tracts. With cryo-imaging, we could obtain 3D vasculature down to 10 microm, over very large regions of mouse brain. Software is fully automated with fully programmable imaging/sectioning protocols, email notifications, and automatic volume visualization. With a unique combination of field-of-view, depth of field, contrast, and resolution, the Case Cryo-imaging system fills the gap between whole animal in vivo imaging and histology.
Towards Anonymous, Unlinkable, and Confidential Transactions in Blockchain (2018)

In this paper, we investigate the issues of data and users' privacy in decentralized environments. We propose a novel security and privacy-preserving protocol for the blockchain that addresses the limitations of existing approaches, mainly the anonymity and unlinkability of users' identities and the privacy of transactions. We highlight the benefits of our proposed protocols across various use cases and we theoretically analyze its efficiency and robustness.
Use of a Jet Mill for Dispersing Dry Powder for Inhalation Studies (1985)

Compressed air-powered jet mills are used in the chemical and food industries for grinding and classifying powders. We adapted one type of these fluid energy mills as a powder generator for inhalation experiments. The generating system included a jet mill and a screw feeder, the jet mill consisting of an elongated channel, a feeding jet to deliver the material into the channel, and two high-speed air jets. High speed air circulating in the channel created turbulence and centrifugal forces to disperse powder. The jet mill used can be operated from 25 to 100 psig at flow rates of 300 to 900 L/min. Two test materials–a solvent yellow dye and a dye mixture of solvent green and solvent yellow–were used. Both dyes were soft and sticky and could not be dispersed with several other powder generators tested at the concentrations required for toxicity studies. Aerosol concentrations ranging from 10 to 1500 mg/m3 at a flow rate of 400 L/min were obtained by adjusting the feed rate to the jet mill. Stability of aerosol concentration during six-hour continuous generation was 15 to 20%. Comparisons of several generators for producing sticky organic powders are also discussed.
Wellbore Position Errors Caused by Drilling-Fluid Contamination (2001)

Summary Recent improvements in magnetic-survey quality control have revealed the presence of systematic azimuth anomalies that affect the calculated trajectories of a significant number of wells. Although these anomalies display some features commonly associated with drillstring magnetic interference, they cannot be removed by traditional magnetic correction techniques. New magnetic-survey quality-control procedures have identified the problem as an attenuation of the transverse component of the Earth's field, similar to that caused by magnetically permeable material surrounding the magnetometers. The drill collars housing the sensors were inspected but showed no magnetic susceptibility, which led to the suspicion that the problems were caused by magnetic particles suspended in the drilling fluids. Laboratory testing has confirmed the magnetic properties of these fluids, and chemical analysis has verified the presence of iron in significant quantities. Field examples demonstrate the use of a multiple-survey qualitycontrol and correction method for identification and removal of these survey anomalies.
다문화 군대와 다문화교육의 필요성 (2009)

머지않아 많은 숫자의 다문화 장병들이 군대에 입대할 것으로 예상된다. 이러한 변화에 능동적으로 대처하기 위해서는 군대 내에서의 다문화교육이 필요하다. 군대는 일반사회 조직과 달리 단체 생활이 이루어지기 때문에 다문화적 편견을 제거하는데 유리한 조건을 갖추고 있다. 그러나 적절한 다문화교육이 이행되지 않는다면 다문화 장병들이 차별과 고통을 겪을 위험도 더 크다. 그렇기 때문에 다문화 장병들의 다문화적 이해 수준을 높이기 위한 교육이 절실히 요구된다. 특히 내무생활과 교육훈련을 지휘·감독하는 지휘관들의 역할이 무엇보다 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 군대의 성공적인 다문화교육은 우리 군의 국제적 경쟁력을 강화시켜줄 뿐만 아니라, 다문화 장병들의 한국인으로서의 정체성을 확립하고 나아가 사회통합에도 기여할 수 있을 것이다.
Reactivity of Sulfhydryls in Reduced Gluten with Lipid Hydroperoxides (1987)

Journal Article Reactivity of Sulfhydryls in Reduced Gluten with Lipid Hydroperoxides Get access Junko Nishiyama, Junko Nishiyama Department of Natural Science, Osaka Women’s University, Daisen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 590, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Toyo Kuninori Toyo Kuninori Department of Natural Science, Osaka Women’s University, Daisen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 590, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 51, Issue 5, 1 May 1987, Pages 1291–1297, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1987.10868211 Published: 01 May 1987 Article history Received: 05 September 1986 Published: 01 May 1987
Cleft‐palate lateral synechia syndrome: Insight into the phenotypic spectrum of Fryns syndrome? (2003)

This report presents two new cases of CPLS, and suggests that the CPLS phenotype may represent the mild end of the Fryns syndrome phenotypic spectrum. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Birth Defects Research (Part A) website (http://www.interscience.wiley.com/ jpages/1542-0752/suppmat/67/fig5.xls).
Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attention (2020)

Recently, neural networks purely based on attention were shown to address image understanding tasks such as image classification. However, these visual transformers are pre-trained with hundreds of millions of images using an expensive infrastructure, thereby limiting their adoption. In this work, we produce a competitive convolution-free transformer by training on Imagenet only. We train them on a single computer in less than 3 days. Our reference vision transformer (86M parameters) achieves top-1 accuracy of 83.1% (single-crop evaluation) on ImageNet with no external data. More importantly, we introduce a teacher-student strategy specific to transformers. It relies on a distillation token ensuring that the student learns from the teacher through attention. We show the interest of this token-based distillation, especially when using a convnet as a teacher. This leads us to report results competitive with convnets for both Imagenet (where we obtain up to 85.2% accuracy) and when transferring to other tasks. We share our code and models.
A promoter for the highly spliced EBNA family of RNAs of Epstein-Barr virus (1987)

A transcription start for the highly spliced EBNA group of RNAs in B95-8 cells has been identified in the short unique region of the virus genome. This promoter is used in many (but not all) human cell lines carrying Epstein-Barr virus, including a tightly latent human lymphoblastoid cell line. Another promoter for the EBNA RNAs was described previously in the internal repeat region of the virus genome. The existence of these alternative promoters may be important for differential control of EBNA gene expression.
Energy-Aware Task Allocation for Network-on-Chip Based Heterogeneous Multiprocessor Systems (2011)

Energy-efficiency is becoming one of the most critical issues in embedded system design. In Network-on-Chip (NoC) based heterogeneous Multiprocessor Systems, the energy consumption is influenced dramatically by task allocation schemes. Although various approaches are proposed to allocate tasks in an energy-efficient way, existing work does not well explore the tradeoff between the two major power consumers, namely the processors and network links, resulting in sub optimal mappings from a system point of view. In this paper, we first extend the existing Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulation to take both processing and communication energy into account. Thereafter, we propose a Simulated Annealing with Timing Adjustment (SA-TA) heuristic to accelerate the optimization process. While the SA-TA algorithm achieves performance very close to the global optimum, significant improvement in computation speed is observed.
Scientific and regulatory challenges in evaluating clinical trial protocols for HIV-1/AIDS vaccines – A review from a regulatory perspective (2015)

Clinical development of prophylactic HIV/AIDS vaccines presents many scientific challenges that result in challenges for regulators reviewing clinical trial applications (CTAs). The World Health Organization (WHO) has the responsibility to provide technical support to these regulators. The search for an HIV/AIDS vaccine will only succeed through well-designed, -conducted and -controlled human efficacy studies reviewed and approved by regulators in countries worldwide, particularly in countries where the epidemic has hit hardest, such as in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. This review summarizes the current candidates in development and focuses on challenges regulators face when reviewing CTAs, such as the evolving landscape of "standard of prevention," trials in adolescents, adaptive trial designs, correlates of protection and their analysis, and access to successful vaccines. There are many unknowns in the field of HIV/AIDS vaccine development and often, there is not a clear right or wrong approach because of the scientific challenges described in this review. Consequently, regulators should not feel that decisions need be made in isolation, when there are many available international collaborative efforts and opportunities to seek expert advice. The WHO provides many such opportunities and support to regulators across the globe.
16,16-Difluoro Steroid Hormone Analogs<sup>1</sup> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT16,16-Difluoro Steroid Hormone Analogs1C. H. Robinson, N. F. Bruce, and E. P. OlivetoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 4, 975–980Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01039a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01039a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Effect of a New Tear Substitute Containing Glycerol and Hyaluronate on Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (1998)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of LO2A, a newly developed tear substitute containing glycerine and sodium hyaluronate, in the treatment of dry eyes. Twenty-five informed consent patients suffering from keratoconjunctivitis sicca were included. Patients were treated for one week with LO2A in one eye, and with their current tear substitute in the other eye. Rose bengal staining was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 3. Patient satisfaction was graded on a scale of 1 to 5. The average satisfaction score for LO2A was significantly higher compared to the control preparations at 1 week (p=0.0003) and at 2 weeks (p=0.0232). A highly significant reduction in rose bengal staining was demonstrated following 1 week of treatment with LO2A (p<0.0001). The LO2A treated eyes had significantly less staining than control eyes at 1 week (p=0.021) and at 2 weeks (p=0.023). An inverse correlation was found between patient grading and the rose bengal scoring (spearman rank coefficient = -0.49, p<0.001). LO2A showed a beneficiary effect on dry eye patient satisfaction and on rose bengal test, as compared to other tear substitute preparations currently used by these patients.
Melatonin as Adjuvant Cancer Care With and Without Chemotherapy (2011)

MLT may benefit cancer patients who are also receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy, supportive therapy, or palliative therapy by improving survival and ameliorating the side effects of chemotherapy.
Latanoprost in the treatment of eyelash alopecia in alopecia areata universalis (2009)

Latanoprost may be an effective drug in the treatment of eyelash AA because it induces acceptable responses (total and moderate) in 45% of the patients. A formal, blinded prospective unilateral controlled study will permit further understanding about this promising therapeutic agent for eyelash AA.
Identification of novel genes associated with astrocytoma progression using suppression subtractive hybridization and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (2006)

To identify novel genes involved in glioma progression we performed suppression subtractive hybridization combined with cDNA array analysis on 4 patients with primary low-grade gliomas of World Health Organization (WHO) grade II that recurred as secondary glioblastomas (WHO grade IV). Eight genes showing differential expression between primary and recurrent tumors in 3 of the 4 patients were selected for further analysis using real-time reverse transcription-PCR on a series of 10 pairs of primary low-grade and recurrent high-grade gliomas as well as 42 astrocytic gliomas of different WHO grades. These analyses revealed that 5 genes, i.e., AMOG (ATP1B2, 17p13.1), APOD (3q26.2-qter), DMXL1 (5q23.1) DRR1 (TU3A, 3p14.2) and PSD3 (KIAA09428/HCA67/EFA6R, 8p22), were expressed at significantly lower levels in secondary glioblastomas as compared to diffuse astrocytomas of WHO grade II. In addition, AMOG, DRR1 and PSD3 transcript levels were significantly lower in primary glioblastomas than in diffuse astrocytomas. Treatment of glioma cell lines with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A resulted in increased expression of AMOG and APOD transcripts. Sequencing of sodium bisulfite-modified DNA demonstrated AMOG promoter hypermethylation in the glioma cell lines and 1 primary anaplastic astrocytoma with low AMOG expression. Taken together, we identified interesting novel candidate genes that likely contribute to glioma progression and provide first evidence for a role of epigenetic silencing of AMOG in malignant glioma cells.
Quinolone, Everninomycin, Glycylcycline, Carbapenem, Lipopeptide and Cephem Antibacterials in Clinical Development (2001)

The development of antibacterials was a very successful endeavor in the pharmaceutical company repertoire through the late 1970s, when interest in investing in antibiotic research and development temporarily waned. More recently, there have been a number of failures in late stage development or post-launch of human antibiotics. The answer to the dilemma of less-than-desired success may be the introduction of novel classes of agents, as well as development of new agents in traditional classes. This review provides an overview of the various "miscellaneous" antibacterials in development, excluding glycopeptides, macrolides, ketolides, and oxazolidinones. Among the agents highlighted in this review are the clinical candidates of quinolones, everninomycins, carbapenems, lipopeptides, glycylcyclines, and cephems. In several cases, certain quinolone agents described in this review will have been approved for marketing before press time.
Error Control for IPTV over xDSL Networks (2008)

We discuss the necessity of error control for supporting IPTV over imperfect access networks. In particular, we consider typical DSL environments, and examine the physical-layer impairments and error-mitigation techniques. For these networks, we evaluate the performance of two different application-layer Forward Error Correction (FEC) methods. An overview of hybrid error-control methods and recent developments in standardization is also presented.
Distributed Matlab based signal and image processing using JavaPorts (2004)

Many scientists and engineers have signal and image processing applications that involve large data sets and could benefit from parallel processing on readily-available clusters of workstations (COWs). Unfortunately these applications often exist as legacy code, such as Matlab functions, which are not easily parallelizable. The goal of the JavaPorts project is to provide a framework for flexible development of parallel and distributed component-based applications for heterogeneous COWs. The latest version of the package supports the integration of Java and Matlab components into the same application. The main features of the JavaPorts framework and its tools are discussed and application examples are presented which highlight its ability to support the rapid prototyping of parallel and distributed computing strategies with communicating Java and Matlab components.