gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomalous Origin of the Left Circumflex Coronary Artery (1974)

Anomalous origin of the circumflex coronary artery from the proximal right coronary artery or right sinus of Valsalva was recognized in 20 of 2996 patients undergoing selective coronary arteriography (0.67%). The relative frequency of this anomaly demands a high level of anticipation during the performance of selective coronary arteriography to assure that an adequate study has been obtained. Failure to recognize and properly demonstrate the anomaly can be hazardous to patient management. Two angiographic signs have proved reliable in recognizing the anomalous artery before its selective demonstration. These signs are a profile view of the artery behind the aortic root during left ventriculography (the "aortic root sign") and recognition of absent arterial inflow to a significant area of the posterior lateral left ventricle during selective injections of the main left coronary artery (the "sign of non-perfused myocardium"). These angiographic signs are described and the clinical implications of proper demonstration of the anomalous circumflex coronary artery are discussed.
Dictionary Pair Classifier Driven Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Detection (2016)

Feature representation and object category classification are two key components of most object detection methods. While significant improvements have been achieved for deep feature representation learning, traditional SVM/softmax classifiers remain the dominant methods for the final object category classification. However, SVM/softmax classifiers lack the capacity of explicitly exploiting the complex structure of deep features, as they are purely discriminative methods. The recently proposed discriminative dictionary pair learning (DPL) model involves a fidelity term to minimize the reconstruction loss and a discrimination term to enhance the discriminative capability of the learned dictionary pair, and thus is appropriate for balancing the representation and discrimination to boost object detection performance. In this paper, we propose a novel object detection system by unifying DPL with the convolutional feature learning. Specifically, we incorporate DPL as a Dictionary Pair Classifier Layer (DPCL) into the deep architecture, and develop an end-to-end learning algorithm for optimizing the dictionary pairs and the neural networks simultaneously. Moreover, we design a multi-task loss for guiding our model to accomplish the three correlated tasks: objectness estimation, categoryness computation, and bounding box regression. From the extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2007/2012 benchmarks, our approach demonstrates the effectiveness to substantially improve the performances over the popular existing object detection frameworks (e.g., R-CNN [13] and FRCN [12]), and achieves new state-of-the-arts.
CD44 stimulation by fragmented hyaluronic acid induces upregulation of urokinase‐type plasminogen activator and its receptor and subsequently facilitates invasion of human chondrosarcoma cells (2002)

It has been established that fragmented hyaluronic acid (HA), but not native high molecular weight HA, can induce angiogenesis, cell proliferation and migration. We have studied the outside-in signal transduction pathways responsible for fragmented HA-mediated cancer cell invasion. In our study, we have studied the effects of CD44 stimulation by ligation with HA upon the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and -9 as well as urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR) and its inhibitor (PAI-1) and the subsequent induction of invasion of human chondrosarcoma cell line HCS-2/8. Our study indicates that (i) CD44 stimulation by fragmented HA upregulates expression of uPA and uPAR mRNA and protein but does not affect MMPs secretion or PAI-1 mRNA expression; (ii) the effects of HA fragments are critically HA size dependent: high molecular weight HA is inactive, but lower molecular weight fragmented HA (Mr 3.5 kDa) is active; (iii) cells can bind avidly Mr 3.5 kDa fragmented HA through a CD44 molecule, whereas cells do not effectively bind higher Mr HA; (iv) a fragmented HA induces phosphorylation of MAP kinase proteins (MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and c-Jun) within 30 min; (v) CD44 is critical for the response (activation of MAP kinase and upregulation of uPA and uPAR expression); and (vi) cell invasion induced by CD44 stimulation with a fragmented HA is inhibited by anti-CD44 mAb, MAP kinase inhibitors, neutralizing anti-uPAR pAb, anti-catalytic anti-uPA mAb or amiloride. Therefore, our study represents the first report that CD44 stimulation induced by a fragmented HA results in activation of MAP kinase and, subsequently, enhances uPA and uPAR expression and facilitates invasion of human chondrosarcoma cells.
Fast Estimation of State of Charge for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2014)

This paper presents a novel impedance-based approach to efficiently estimate the state of charge (SOC) of a Li-ion battery. By using an AC impedance analyzer, a database is constructed, containing records of AC impedance versus SOC. In practical applications, the SOC values can be found instantly once the contents of the database are referenced. For validation purposes, AC impedance comparisons are conducted using AC impedance analyzer as a benchmark at SOC of 0%, 50% and 100%, which indicate errors of 8.636%, 2.604% and 0.600%, respectively.
Exploring the Effects of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids on Allergy Using a HEK-Blue Cell Line (2016)

We have successfully identified and characterised DHA, EPA, DPA and AA in our allergy model. While AA was a potent stimulator, DHA, EPA and DPA were potential inhibitors of IL-4R/IL-13R signalling, which regulates the STAT6 induced pathway in allergic cascades. Such findings are significant in the future design of dietary therapeutics for the treatment of allergies.
Substituents Destabilize the Molecule by Increasing Biradicaloid Character and Stabilize by Intramolecular Charge Transfer in the Derivatives of Benzobis(thiadiazole) and Thiadiazolothienopyrazine: A Computational Study (2011)

Keeping in view the possible applications of singlet open-shell molecules as semiconductors, non-classical derivatives of the heterocyclic rings benzobis(thiadiazole) (BBT) and its positional isomer thiadiazolothienopyrazine (TTP) are characterized using DFT methodologies. M06-2X, B3LYP and BHandHLYP functionals were used to optimize the geometries and estimate the vertical transition energies. It is observed that unlike the BHandHLYP functional (50% exchange), which gives rise to spin-contaminated solutions for all molecules in the series, M06-2X (54% exchange) affords a wavefunction either with no instability or negligible instability for most of the molecules. The results are compared with the earlier reported experimental data and those obtained herein using the spin-flip (SF)-5050 method. It is found that B3LYP does not fare well while on the other hand the M06-2X and SF-50-50 are in good agreement with the experimental results. It is seen that M06-2X TD-DFT for the molecules can be carried out without major spin contamination and also that the more time-consuming CI can be avoided for the calculation of transition energies. The biradical nature of the molecules is estimated by the singlet-triplet gap. Intramolecular charge transfer is calculated. It is found that the ring substituents donate charge in the ground state, creating a zwitterionic structure. Thus the substituents play an interesting dual role, decreasing the stability of the molecule by increasing the biradical character (small HOMO-LUMO gap), and stabilization of this ground state by intramolecular charge transfer.
Identification of a sequence responsible for periodic synthesis of yeast histone 2A mRNA. (1982)

Sequences required for the regulated expression of a yeast histone 2A (H2A) gene have been investigated by using fusions between this gene and the Escherichia coli lacZ gene. Fusions containing the entire spacer region in which divergent transcription of the H2A and H2B genes is initiated result in low-level constitutive synthesis of beta-galactosidase (beta-D-galactoside galactohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.23) in yeast. Regulated expression (which is characterized by periodic synthesis during the S phase of the cell cycle) is restored when a 1.3-kilobase HindIII fragment containing a small region of the 3' end of the H2B gene is present in either orientation. The regulatory activity in this region appears to be coincident with a sequence that supports autonomous replication in yeast.
How Many Subjects Does It Take To Do A Regression Analysis (1991)

Numerous rules-of-thumb have been suggested for determining the minimum number of subjects required to conduct multiple regression analyses. These rules-of-thumb are evaluated by comparing their results against those based on power analyses for tests of hypotheses of multiple and partial correlations. The results did not support the use of rules-of-thumb that simply specify some constant (e.g., 100 subjects) as the minimum number of subjects or a minimum ratio of number of subjects (N) to number of predictors (m). Some support was obtained for a rule-of-thumb that N ≥ 50 + 8 m for the multiple correlation and N ≥104 + m for the partial correlation. However, the rule-of-thumb for the multiple correlation yields values too large for N when m ≥ 7, and both rules-of-thumb assume all studies have a medium-size relationship between criterion and predictors. Accordingly, a slightly more complex rule-of thumb is introduced that estimates minimum sample size as function of effect size as well as the number of predictors. It is argued that researchers should use methods to determine sample size that incorporate effect size.
Preparation of microspheres from an alumina-zirconia sol (1989)

A sol-gel process produced microsphere of Al2O3 containing 10 wt% ZrO2 by coprecipitating Al and Zr hydroxides from the respective chlorides through the addition of NH4OH. In this paper, gel processing is examined as a function of temperature, pH, and residual Cl- content. The washed gel was peptized at 80°C with HCl and the sol concentrated to an Al 3+ ion content of 4 mol/L. The concentrated sol is used to feed a pilot plant for microsphere production. The microspheres calcined at 1200°C are dense, with an average size of 20 µm and a BET surface area of 30 m2/g.
A 900-Mb/s CMOS data recovery DLL using half-frequency clock (2002)

A data recovery delay-locked loop (DILL) for nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data transmission is described. A reference clock is delayed for triggering a latch that samples the incoming NRZ data stream. The data rate can be twice the reference clock frequency. The circuit has a proportional nondead-zone sampling phase detector that also serves the role of charge pump. A self-correcting function reduces the problem of the finite phase capture range associated with conventional DLLs. The prototype circuit is fabricated in 2.5-V 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS and occupies an area of only 270 /spl times/ 50 /spl mu/m/sup 2/. It is demonstrated that at 900-Mb/s NRZ data, jitter is reduced from 118.2- to 31.3-ps rms jitter for a power consumption of only 3 mW.
3D Brain Anatomy And Surgery In X-11 Environment (2005)

Biomedical images play an important role in clinical practice not only at diagnostic but at therapeutic level as well. In this last context, 3D and 4D anatomical and physiological data sets from multimodality imaging techniques need to be integrated and processed. In this work, a standard networking interface protocol such as the X window system has been used as a suitable environment for simultaneous image display. Furthermore, a model for visual and symbolic integration at voxel level is presented. The X window system, even if suffering of several limitations for graphic applications in the multi-D case, offers interesting features in relationship to this perspective, considering the situation of local area network connected workstations. It allows standardization of the user interface and software portability between various hardware nodes, resulting in a friendly and flexible tool for the final medical user.
Contrast media: procedural capacities and potential risks. (2008)

Contrast media are known to have transient hemodynamic properties that can influence a patient's clinical status, including heart rate variability and blood pressure. These changes have the potential to impact the diagnostic quality of CT scans. Although most patients are able to receive contrast media without significant adverse reactions, events occur in a minority of cases. These reactions range from mild discomfort (injection-associated pain and heat sensation) to more significant cardiac, renal, and hypersensitivity reactions. The incidence of adverse reactions varies with the type of contrast media used, and several randomized trials have elucidated the cardiac and renal differences among agents. Risk factors for contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) have been established, with baseline kidney disease amplified by the presence of diabetes constituting the highest-risk patient group. Strategies for preventing CIAKI include antioxidant therapy, hydration regimens, and choice of contrast agents. Enhanced knowledge on the part of physicians and medical personnel regarding the properties and potential side effects of iodinated contrast agents should lead to improved patient safety and efficacy when performing radiologic examinations.
Induction of p53-specific immune responses in colorectal cancer patients receiving a recombinant ALVAC-p53 candidate vaccine. (2002)

This study demonstrated the feasibility, even in patients with advanced cancer, to elicit immune responses against the ubiquitously expressed tumor-associated auto-antigen p53. Our results form the basis for additional studies that will explore the antitumor capacity of p53 containing multivalent vaccines in cancer patients with limited tumor burden.
Modular spin representations of the symmetric group (1971)

1. Let Γ n be the representation group or spin group (4, 9) of S n . Then the irreducible representations of Γ n are of two distinct types. These are ( a) ordinary representations, which are the irreducible representations of the symmetric group and ( b) spin or projective representations. Corresponding to every partition (λ) = (λ 1 , λ 2 , …, λ m ) of n with λ 1 > λ 2 > … > λ m > 0 there is an irreducible spin representation 〈λ〉 of Γ n .
Light-emitting diodes with 31% external quantum efficiency by outcoupling of lateral waveguide modes (1999)

The external quantum efficiency of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is usually limited by total internal reflection at the semiconductor–air interface. This problem can be overcome by a combination of light scattering at a textured top surface and reflection on a backside mirror. With this design, we achieve 22% external quantum efficiency. One of the main loss mechanisms in such nonresonant cavity (NRC) light-emitting diodes is coupling into an internal waveguide. Texturing the surface of this waveguide allows the partial extraction of the confined light. In this way, we demonstrate an increase in the external quantum efficiency of NRC-LEDs to 31%.
β-Cell <i>Pdx1</i> Expression Is Essential for the Glucoregulatory, Proliferative, and Cytoprotective Actions of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (2005)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulates energy intake, gastrointestinal motility, and nutrient disposal. The relative importance of the islet beta-cell for GLP-1 actions remains unclear. We determined the role of the islet beta-cell and the pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx1) transcription factor for GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R)-dependent actions through analysis of mice with beta-cell-specific inactivation of the Pdx1 gene (beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) mice). The GLP-1R agonist exendin-4 (Ex-4) reduced glycemic excursion following intraperitoneal (i.p.) glucose challenge in control littermates (beta-cell(Pdx1+/+) mice) but not in beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) mice. Similarly, Ex-4 failed to increase levels of plasma insulin, pancreatic insulin content, and pancreatic insulin mRNA transcripts in beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) mice. Furthermore, Ex-4 significantly increased beta-cell proliferation and reduced beta-cell apoptosis in beta-cell(Pdx1+/+) mice but not in beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) mice. Moreover, Ex-4 increased the levels of insulin and amylin mRNA transcripts and augmented glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets from beta-cell(Pdx1+/+) mice but not in beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) islets. Surprisingly, Ex-4 failed to reduce levels of plasma glucagon in beta-cell(Pdx1-/-) mice. These findings demonstrate that Pdx1 expression is essential for integrating GLP-1R-dependent signals regulating alpha-cell glucagon secretion and for the growth, differentiated function, and survival of islet beta-cells.
Performance analysis of visualmarkers for indoor navigation systems (2016)

The massive diffusion of smartphones, the growing interest in wearable devices and the Internet of Things, and the exponential rise of location based services (LBSs) have made the problem of localization and navigation inside buildings one of the most important technological challenges of recent years. Indoor positioning systems have a huge market in the retail sector and contextual advertising; in addition, they can be fundamental to increasing the quality of life for citizens if deployed inside public buildings such as hospitals, airports, and museums. Sometimes, in emergency situations, they can make the difference between life and death. Various approaches have been proposed in the literature. Recently, thanks to the high performance of smartphones’ cameras, marker-less and marker-based computer vision approaches have been investigated. In a previous paper, we proposed a technique for indoor localization and navigation using both Bluetooth low energy (BLE) and a 2D visual marker system deployed into the floor. In this paper, we presented a qualitative performance evaluation of three 2D visual markers, Vuforia, ArUco marker, and AprilTag, which are suitable for real-time applications. Our analysis focused on specific case study of visual markers placed onto the tiles, to improve the efficiency of our indoor localization and navigation approach by choosing the best visual marker system.
New method for the preparation of bismuth(III) triesters (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew method for the preparation of bismuth(III) triestersTimothy R. Koch and Peter P. WickhamCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 1, 157–159Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01315a041https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01315a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views225Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Structure of Noncrystalline Co-25 a/o W Electrodeposit (1972)

Noncrystalline electrodeposits of Co‐25 atomic per cent (a/o) W prepared from ammoniacal alkaline tartrate electrolyte were studied by x‐ray diffraction. A model for the structure of this alloy was developed. The principal assumptions involved in constructing the model are based mainly on requirements for the electrodeposition. The model requires that the alloy consist of distinct basic structural units in the form of tetrahedra, each composed of three cobalt atoms and one tungsten atom. The dimensions of this structural unit correspond to those of the intermetallic compound . Certain criteria govern the bonding of the tetrahedra to form larger aggregates. The scattering function calculated from the model agrees quite well with the diffraction data. The model also accounts for differences in the composition of amorphous deposits prepared at different current densities. The electrochemical requirements for the formation of this structure by electrodeposition are discussed. The operation of similar processes in the electro‐ or chemical deposition of other alloys having stoichiometric composition is considered.
MIS for Health Care Human Resource Management: A Case (2000)

Human resources (HR) represent a key resource for the health care system in any coun try. Its development and management are considered vital for establishing a sustain able health system infrastructure. A human resources management information system (MIS) is essential for sound planning and management of a health system. This paper briefly discusses the conceptual development of health care human resource manage ment (HRM) in a global context, and then goes on to present a case of a functioning HR MIS in an oil-rich Middle Eastern country. The case is intended to stimulate dis cussion on the scope of such an information system and how it may be developed in a ministry of health.
The First Catalytic, Asymmetric α-Additions of Isocyanides. Lewis-Base-Catalyzed, Enantioselective Passerini-Type Reactions (2003)

The first, catalytic, enantioselective alpha-additions of isocyanides to aldehydes have been demonstrated (Passerini-type reactions). The catalytic system of silicon tetrachloride and a chiral bisphosphoramide 5a provided high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities for the addition of tert-butyl isocyanide to a wide range of aldehydes (aromatic, olefinic, acetylenic, aliphatic). Aqueous workup afforded the alpha-hydroxy tert-butyl amides, whereas methanolic quench followed by basic workup afforded the alpha-hydroxy methyl esters.
[Stability of inhalational anaesthestic agents]. (2009)

Modern inhalational anaesthetics are liable to react with carbon dioxide absorbers and degrade under certain conditions. Sevoflurane may break down and produce toxic compounds in contact with Lewis acids or carbon dioxide absorbers. Desflurane, isoflurane and enflurane can also undergo undesirable reactions. Producers use various stabilizers, containers, and recommendations for storage times and conditions. In this paper, the possible dangers of inappropriate use of inhalational anaesthetics, and ways to avoid production of toxic compounds are presented. The composition and degradation of inhalational anaesthetics available on Polish market, are presented. The author concludes that safe use of these agents depends strongly on storage conditions and proper use by medical personnel.
萨特尔《辩证理性批判》中的经济主义 (1982)

从经济学的角度对《辩证理性批判》提出问题,真是文不对题!这同在交易所投机中交了好运的小店主竟敢到抽象思辨中碰碰运气,岂不是同样荒唐吗? 萨特尔把马克思主义看作当代的不可超越的哲学,而马克思最初是从批判政治经济学入手的。萨特尔把存在建立在劳动之上(继克尔凯郭尔之后),他明确地研究那些通常留给经济学家们去研究的问题,也就用不着奇怪了。萨特尔提出要在马克思主义和存在主义之间进行分工,这个假想提得这样明确,因而我
The acylation of lepidine (1966)

Abstract A number of ketones have been prepared in good to high yields by acylating the methyl group of lepidine (III) with a variety of esters using sodium diisopropylamide (II) as the condensing agent. Two ketones, ethyl and isopropyl lepidyl ketone, have been shown to exist in two forms, the keto form and the intermolecular, hydrogen bonded, enolic form.