gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and synthesis of novel nonpolar host peptides for the determination of the 310‐ and α‐helix compatibilities of α‐amino acid buildig blocks: An assessment of α,α‐disubstituted glycines (1997)

The present work describes three novel nonpolar host peptide sequences that provide a ready assessment of the 310- and α-helix compatibilities of natural and unnatural amino acids at different positions of small- to medium-size peptides. The unpolar peptides containing Ala, Aib, and a C-terminal p-iodoanilide group were designed in such a way that the peptides could be rapidly assembled in a modular fashion, were highly soluble in solvent mixtures of triflouroethanol and H2O for CD- and two-dimensional (2D) nmr spectroscopic analyses, and showed excellent crystallinity suited for x-ray structure analysis. To validate our approach we synthesized 9-mer peptides 79a–96 (Table IV), 12-mer peptides 99–110c (Table V), and 10-mer peptides 120a–125d and 129–133 (Table VI and Scheme 8) incorporating a series of optically pure cyclic and open-chain (R)- and (S)-α,α-disubstituted glycines 1–10 (Figure 2). These amino acids are known to significantly modulate the conformations of small peptides. Based on x-ray structures of 9-mers 79a, 80, and 87 (Figures 4–7), 10-mers 124c, 131, and 132 (Figures 9–12), and 12-mer peptide 102b (Figure 13), CD spectra of all peptides recorded in acidic, neutral, and basic media and detailed 2D-nmr analyses of 9-mer peptide 86 and 12-mer 102b, several interesting conformational observations were made. Especially interesting results were obtained using the convex constraint CD analysis proposed by Fasman on 9-mer peptides 79a–d, 80, 81, 86, and 87, which allowed us to determine the relative content of 310- and α-helical conformations. These results were fully supported by the corresponding x-ray and 2D-nmr analyses. As a striking example we found that the (S)- and (R)-β-tetralin derived amino acids (R)- and (S)-1 show excellent α-helix stabilisation, more pronounced than Aib and Ala. These novel reference peptide sequences should help establish a scale for natural and unnatural amino acids concerning their intrinsic 310- and α-helix compatibilities at different positions of medium-sized peptides and thus improve our understanding in the folding processes of peptides. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biopoly 42: 575–626, 1997
Cacao’s Relationship with Mesoamerican Society (2013)

We know what we eat, but do we eat what we know? Our diet extends far beyond nutrients and food availability—we imbue food with cultural significance. The meaning and use of a particular food is subject to change over time, but the fact that it holds a place in society remains constant. Improving technologies and intensified globalization have dispersed foods across the world and through time. An excellent example of such a food is Theobroma cacao L., now commonly known as chocolate (for a brief history of the plant, see McNeil 2006:1-28). It has a long history in human culture. By examining how it was first used, we can gain insight to an evolution of its meaning and eventually larger ideas on food studies. Cacao had great religious, political, and social weight in the Mesoamerican region. There is considerable evidence for the ritual use of cacao among the Preclassic Maya, and its role as noteworthy political currency appears to increase by Late Classic times, reflected in the vessels themselves and their archaeological contexts. The Preclassic era lasted from 2000 BC-AD 200 and the Classic from AD 200-700. I argue that while the ritual use and significance of cacao remained constant throughout time, the cacao-containing vessels, or “chocolate pots”, became recognized as powerful social objects unto themselves. In order to demonstrate this idea, this paper will discuss the ecology of cacao, Mesoamerican preparation, political and social elements, cacao pots, religious and ritual contexts, and cacao as a political currency.
0.37mW/Gb/s low power SLVS transmitter for battery powered applications (2012)

A power-efficient voltage-mode transmitter for battery powered mobile applications was designed. The proposed transmitter consists of a power optimized 16:2 serializer, a data-aligner, 2:1 multiplexing pre-driver, and an I/O driver with segment control for impedance matching. With scalable low-voltage signaling (SLVS) with the output swing of 200mVp-p and power optimization for digital blocks, 0.37mW/Gb/s power consumption was achieved. The test chip for 4.8 Gb/s interfaces was designed in a 65nm 1.2V supply CMOS logic process. The proposed I/O specifications are appropriate for MIPI M-PHY systems.
Development of Ag[sub 3]Sn Intermetallic Compound Joint for Power Semiconductor Devices (2009)

Pb-based solders are used as high temperature solders in power semiconductor devices. Although use of Pb is globally restricted, alternative materials are inadequate to replace Pb-based solder. This study aims to replace Pb-based solder with an intermetallic compound (IMC). Samples were produced to join a Si chip with evaporated Ag and Sn films onto a Ag-plated Cu substrate at 523 K for 10 s. As a result, the evaporated films were completely transformed into a IMC. The IMC joint showed higher strength until 543 K and good heat-aging resistance at 423 K. Therefore, this joint would be promising in replacing Pb-based solders.
BACTERIAL COUNTS ON SURFACES OF CARCASSES AND IN GROUND BEEF FROM CARCASSES SPRAYED OR NOT SPRAYED WITH HYPOCHLOROUS ACID (1979)

ABSTRACT Bacterial counts were compared for samples from three groups of beef from two different sources. Group 1 samples were from choice forequarters as received, then sprayed with HOC1 (200 mg/L, pH 6.0–6.5, 7.03 kg/cm 2 , 12 set at 16°C). Group 2 samples served as controls and were from choice forequarters from the same lot as group 1 but not sprayed. Group 3 samples were from frozen boneless lean domestic and imported beef, Surface strip and ground beef samples from groups 1 and 2 had aerobic plate counts (APC) and lactic acid bacteria counts (LABC) that were not significantly different, P < 0.001. Conversely, strip and ground beef samples from group 3 had APC and LABC that were significantly higher, P > 0.001, than those for the control, group 2, samples. Also, the coli‐form and coagulase positive S. aureus counts were also significantly higher for the group 3 ground beef samples. Thus, the hypochlorous acid spray treatment of beef forequarters did not appear to yield ground beef with better bacteriological quality than the unsprayed forequarters from the same source, perhaps because the initial bacterial count was already so low. The higher surface APC of the lean boneless beef, group 3, was reflected in the higher initial APC of the ground beef prepared from that source.
Adenoid cystic carcinomas of the breast and salivary glands (or ‘<i>The strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde</i>’ of exocrine gland carcinomas) (2010)

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is a tumour with myoepithelial differentiation and characterised by the presence of a dual population of basaloid and luminal cells arranged in specific growth patterns. These tumours, regardless of the anatomical site, are characterised by expression of the proto-oncogene and therapeutic target c-KIT, and seem to harbour a specific chromosomal translocation t(6;9) leading to the fusion gene MYB-NFIB and overexpression of the oncogene MYB. However, the clinical behaviour of salivary gland and breast AdCC differs; while salivary gland lesions have a relatively high proclivity to metastasise, patients with breast AdCCs have an excellent outcome. Here the clinical, morphological and molecular features, and potential therapeutic targets of salivary gland and breast AdCCs are reviewed.
erbB3 Is an Active Tyrosine Kinase Capable of Homo- and Heterointeractions (2013)

Often considered to be a "dead" kinase, erbB3 is implicated in escape from erbB-targeted cancer therapies. Here, heregulin stimulation is shown to markedly upregulate kinase activity in erbB3 immunoprecipitates. Intact, activated erbB3 phosphorylates tyrosine sites in an exogenous peptide substrate, and this activity is abolished by mutagenesis of lysine 723 in the catalytic domain. Enhanced erbB3 kinase activity is linked to heterointeractions with catalytically active erbB2, since it is largely blocked in cells pretreated with lapatinib or pertuzumab. erbB2 activation of erbB3 is not dependent on equal surface levels of these receptors, since it occurs even in erbB3-transfected CHO cells with disproportionally small amounts of erbB2. We tested a model in which transient erbB3/erbB2 heterointeractions set the stage for erbB3 homodimers to be signaling competent. erbB3 homo- and heterodimerization events were captured in real time on live cells using single-particle tracking of quantum dot probes bound to ligand or hemagglutinin tags on recombinant receptors.
Get Your Workload in Order: Game Theoretic Prioritization of Database Auditing (2018)

For enhancing the privacy protections of databases, where the increasing amount of detailed personal data is stored and processed, multiple mechanisms have been developed, such as audit logging and alert triggers, which notify administrators about suspicious activities; however, the two main limitations in common are: 1) the volume of such alerts is often substantially greater than the capabilities of resource-constrained organizations, and 2) strategic attackers may disguise their actions or carefully choosing which records they touch, making incompetent the statistical detection models. For solving them, we introduce a novel approach to database auditing that explicitly accounts for adversarial behavior by 1) prioritizing the order in which types of alerts are investigated and 2) providing an upper bound on how much resource to allocate for each type. We model the interaction between a database auditor and potential attackers as a Stackelberg game in which the auditor chooses an auditing policy and attackers choose which records to target. A corresponding approach combining linear programming, column generation, and heuristic search is proposed to derive an auditing policy. For testing the policy-searching performance, a publicly available credit card application dataset are adopted, on which it shows that our methods produce high-quality mixed strategies as database audit policies, and our general approach significantly outperforms non-game-theoretic baselines.
Antipsychotic pharmacogenomics in first episode psychosis: a role for glutamate genes (2016)

Genetic factors may underlie beneficial and adverse responses to antipsychotic treatment. These relationships may be easier to identify among patients early in the course of disease who have limited exposure to antipsychotic drugs. We examined 86 first episode patients (schizophrenia, psychotic bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder with psychotic features) who had minimal to no prior antipsychotic exposure in a 6-week pharmacogenomic study of antipsychotic treatment response. Response was measured by change in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total score. Risperidone monotherapy was the primary antipsychotic treatment. Pharmacogenomic association studies were completed to (1) examine candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes known to be involved with glutamate signaling, and (2) conduct an exploratory genome-wide association study of symptom response to identify potential novel associations for future investigation. Two SNPs in GRM7 (rs2069062 and rs2014195) were significantly associated with antipsychotic response in candidate gene analysis, as were two SNPs in the human glutamate receptor delta 2 (GRID2) gene (rs9307122 and rs1875705) in genome-wide association analysis. Further examination of these findings with those from a separate risperidone-treated study sample demonstrated that top SNPs in both studies were overrepresented in glutamate genes and that there were similarities in neurodevelopmental gene categories associated with drug response from both study samples. These associations indicate a role for gene variants related to glutamate signaling and antipsychotic response with more broad association patterns indicating the potential importance of genes involved in neuronal development.
Analysis of human IL-6 mutants expressed in Escherichia coli. Biologic activities are not affected by deletion of amino acids 1-28. (1989)

We have constructed and analyzed amino terminally deleted analogs of IL-6. Progressively shortened variants of mature IL-6 were constructed at the cDNA level and expressed in Escherichia coli. Mutant proteins were recovered from refractile bodies by solubilizing in 6 M guanidine-HCl. The mutant protein concentration in these preparations was estimated by Western blotting by using an IL-6-specific mAb and the biologic activity was measured in the B9 (hybridoma growth factor) assay. The first 28 amino acids of mature IL-6 could be removed without significantly affecting biologic activity. A further removal of amino acids 29 and 30 resulted in an approximately 50-fold decrease, whereas removal of amino acids 31 to 34 virtually abolished the activity. The mutants showed the same reaction pattern in three other IL-6 assays: induction of murine thymocyte proliferation, induction of fibrinogen synthesis by a human hepatoma cell line (HepG2), and the induction of IgM synthesis by an EBV-transformed B cell line. This suggests that a single functional domain might be responsible for all four activities of IL-6.
Unstable engine vibration signal analysis using cyclostationarity and support vector machine theory (2009)

According to the characteristics of unstable vibration signals, this paper proposes a combined approach to detect engine crank bearing mechanical faults by using cyclostationarity and support vector machine theory. The unstable vibration signals of engine accelerating process are analyzed by cyclostationarity theory. The fault diagnostic rules are generated by combining signal acquiring process and extracted fault features. And support vector machine is then trained. The result shows that the feature extraction is effectively realized by using cyclostationarity theory. Second order cyclical frequency bands of characteristic can be found corresponding to specific cyclical frequency. The support vector machine is superior to neural network because of the high classification precision and strong generalization ability for small samples. The diagnostic precision can be improved by means of optimizing parameters greatly.
Cross-Body UWB Radar Sensing of Arterial Pulse Propagation and Ventricular Dynamics (2018)

Single-chip UWB radar systems have enormous potential for the development of portable, low-cost and easy-to-use devices for monitoring the cardiovascular system. Using body coupled antennas, electromagnetic energy can be directed into the body to measure arterial pulsation and cardiac motion, and estimate arterial stiffness as well as blood pressure. In the current study we validate that heart rate signals, obtained using multiple UWB radar-on-chip modules and body coupled antennas, do indeed originate from arterial pulsation. Through ECG-aligned averaging, pulse arrival time at a number of locations in the body could be measured with high precision, and arterial pulse propagation through the femoral and carotid artery was demonstrated. In addition, cardiac dynamics were measured from the chest. Onset and offset of ventricular systole were clearly distinguishable, as well as onset of atrial systole. Although further validation is required, these results show that UWB radar-on-chip is highly suitable for monitoring of vascular health as well as the heart's mechanical functioning.
New Delivery Systems for Controlled Drug Release from Naturally Occurring Materials (2008)

Natural polymers have many advantages over their synthetic counterparts for biomedical uses; carbohydrate is a class of under-explored natural polymers for gene delivery. We have formulated microspheres and wafer matrices from Hyaluronan (HA) for delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA). Sustained releases of pDNA over a period of at least 1 month were achieved in both formulations. Results from cell culture transfection studies indicated that the pDNA released from these systems were both intact and bioactive. Microsphere formulations for sustained delivery of pDNA encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were infiltrated into adult hamster cheek pouches, the microvascular responses differed from control. Wafer matrix formulations for sustained release of pDNA encoding Platelet Derived Growth Factor-BB (PDGFBB) were implanted in pig full-thickness dermal wound models and the results indicated acceleration of wound repair.
Delta‐Toxin from<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>as a Costimulator of Human Neutrophil Oxidative Burst (1997)

Delta-toxin from Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for various pathophysiologic effects. By studying different cell types in binding of delta-toxin in low, noncytotoxic concentrations, a specific binding of fluorescein-labeled delta-toxin to neutrophils and monocytes was found. Studying direct effects of delta-toxin on neutrophils, a dose-dependent up-regulation of complement receptor 3 expression was found. Oxygen radical production, as determined by Luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, was not directly induced by delta-toxin, and this toxin was also unable to prime neutrophils for an enhanced response to FMLP or complement-opsonized zymosan. However, the priming response induced by lipopolysaccharide or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was significantly further enhanced in the presence of delta-toxin. Furthermore, as a direct effect on human monocytes, delta-toxin induced TNF-alpha production. These data provide evidence that delta-toxin has direct and indirect effects on the activity of neutrophils and monocytes with regard to its proinflammatory capacity.
Southern California Newspapers, 1851 - 1876: A SHORT HISTORY and A CENSUS—PART I (1950)

Research Article| March 01 1950 Southern California Newspapers, 1851 - 1876: A SHORT HISTORY and A CENSUS—PART I Muir Dawson Muir Dawson Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly (1950) 32 (1): 5–44. https://doi.org/10.2307/41168227 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Muir Dawson; Southern California Newspapers, 1851 - 1876: A SHORT HISTORY and A CENSUS—PART I. The Historical Society of Southern California Quarterly 1 March 1950; 32 (1): 5–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/41168227 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentSouthern California Quarterly Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Introduction to Failure Analysis (2001)

Abstract This article provides a summary of the concepts discussed in the articles under the Section “Failure Analysis” in ASM Handbook, Volume 21: Composites. Most of the information in this Section is geared toward organic-matrix composites, although there is some information on failure analysis and fractography of ceramic- and metal-matrix composites.
Thickness effects on aluminum thin films (1999)

Aluminium thin films grown with different thickness on silicon substrates were analyzed by atomic force microscopy and grazing incidence x-ray techniques. Stress on surface film was found to be greater as the thickness increases because of the substrate history. Roughness measurements made on the AFM images shown a linear increase with thickness and an asintotic behavior with time after growth. As the film thickness increases, the (111) peak intensity increases relative to the (200) and (220) peaks
Mechanism of the hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-glucoside by germinating and outgrowing spores of Bacillus species (2004)

This work provides new insight into the mechanism of uptake and hydrolysis of beta-MUG by germinating and outgrowing spores of Bacillus species, in particular B. atrophaeus. The research reported here provides a biological basis for a Rapid Readout Biological Indicator that is used to monitor the efficacy of ethylene oxide sterilization.
Performance of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes for Burst Erasure Channels (2006)

Performance of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with maximum likelihood decoding (MLD) for solid burst erasures is discussed. The columns of the paritycheck matrix of LDPC codes are permuted to increase the distance between elements (DBEs) which are defined as a number of symbol positions between elements 1 at each row of the parity-check matrix. The column permutation method can change the burst erasure correction capabilities by both the sum-product decoding algorithm and MLD algorithm. We derive some properties and show from simulation results that large values of DBEs lead to good performance for MLD. 1.
Fabrication and Characterization of Single Pores for Modeling Mass Transport across Porous Membranes (1999)

An Au membrane containing a single pore was fabricated using a template approach. The pore diameter is defined by the diameter of a glass fiber template and the pore length by the amount of Au electroplated over a seed pore. The utility of the single pore for modeling mass transport is demonstrated by configuring the pore as a Coulter counter to monitor the transport of 440 nm diameter polystyrene spheres. An important advantage of this Au membrane model is that the pore surface chemistry can be modified with a self-assembled monolayer. However, the metallic Au surface also requires minimizing the exposed membrane area in order to reduce the interfering charging/faradaic current and to shorten the instrumental response time.
Including the Consumer and Environment in Occupational Therapy Treatment Planning (1998)

This study was designed to examine the extent to which occupational therapists include the consumer and the environment in treatment planning. Twenty-nine registered occupational therapists who subscribe to the Mental Health Specialty Interest Section or the Physical Disabilities Specialty Interest Section completed treatment plans based on a single case study. The treatment plans were analyzed based on goal setting and treatment activities. Data indicated therapists frequently identified goals not addressed by the consumer and demonstrated limited consideration of the context in the selection of treatment activities. Therapists identified as many short-term goals not related to the consumer's stated goal as they identified goals that were related to the consumer's goal. T-test comparisons indicated that therapists significantly more often selected simulated over real activities and activities aimed at changing the person over activities aimed at changing the environment. These preliminary results from a small, self-selected sample suggest that current occupational therapy treatment planning is not consistent with consumer-oriented practice models.