gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Negative pressure wound therapy for skin grafts and surgical wounds healing by primary intention (2012)

Evidence for the effectiveness of NPWT on complete healing of wounds expected to heal by primary intention remains unclear. Rates of graft loss may be lower when NPWT is used; but evidence to date suggests that hospital-based products are as effective in this area as commercial applications. There are clear cost benefits when non-commercial systems are used to create the negative pressure required for wound therapy, with no reduction in clinical outcome. Pain levels are also rated lower when hospital systems are compared with their commercial counterparts. The high incidence of blisters occurring when NPWT is used following orthopaedic surgery suggests that the therapy should be limited until safety in this population is established. Given the cost and widespread use of NPWT, there is an urgent need for suitably powered, high-quality trials to evaluate the effects of the newer NPWT products that are designed for use on clean, closed surgical incisions. Such trials should focus initially on wounds that may be difficult to heal, such as sternal wounds or surgeries for obese patients.
Halkla Iliskiler Faaliyetleri ve Örgütlerde Kültür Kavrami Iliskisi (2001)

Extracting genomic DNA of pathogenic agents from formalin-fixed specimens is inherently difficult. Storage of samples in formalin results in nucleic acid cross-linking and DNA fragmentation. In this study, DNA was extracted from 45 Giardia-positive stool samples stored in formalin and subjected to PCR amplification targeting the triose phosphate isomerase (tpi), beta gardin (bg) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes. Samples were rehydrated by using a descending alcohol series before DNA extraction using a commercial kit. This was followed by EDTA-mediated inhibition of DNase activity and prolonged treatment with proteinase K to digest contaminating proteins. DNA was amplified at rates of 64.4% (29/45) at the tpi, 40% (18/45) at the bg and 20% (9/45) at the gdh loci as seen on nested PCR. DNA quality was subsequently tested in a genotyping experiment which produced high-quality sequences at the tpi (41.2%; 12/29) bg (50%; 9/18), and gdh (22.2%; 2/9) loci and enabled differentiation of Giardia strains at the subtype level. The modified extraction protocol was effective at removing inhibitors and reversing cross-linking of DNA. However, PCR amplification was limited to short fragments of DNA which resulted in highest success rate on amplification of the shortest (334 bp) gene fragment tested.
Properties of PICVD-Fibers with Pure SiO2- Core: The Influence of the Preform Collapse Process (1987)

Article Properties of PICVD-Fibers with Pure SiO2- Core: The Influence of the Preform Collapse Process was published on December 1, 1987 in the journal Journal of Optical Communications (volume 8, issue 4).
Interference avoidance and dynamic frequency planning for WiMAX femtocells networks (2008)

Femtocells have been recently proposed as a potential good solution to increase not only indoor radio coverage, but also system capacity. In this paper, a framework for radio coverage prediction and system level simulation for WiMAX macrocell/femtocell scenarios is presented. Furthermore, the feasibility of the co-channel deployment of WiMAX femtocell in an existing WiMAX macrocell network is investigated, and a method for interference avoidance based on DFP (Dynamic Frequency Planning) is proposed. The resulting impact of DFP in a macrocell/femtocell scenario compared with other frequency assignment strategies is analyzed. Experimental evaluations carried out using our framework show the boost in the system capacity when using DFP and femtocells.
A basic study of gas diffusion in foam insulation (1983)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1983.
Frequency self-doubling optical parametric amplification: noncollinear red–green–blue light-source generation based on a hexagonally poled lithium tantalate (2008)

Simultaneous generation of noncollinear red, green, and blue light from a single hexagonally poled lithium tantalate is reported. It results from the frequency self-doubling optical parametric amplification process, a process of second-order harmonic generation cascaded optical parametric amplification in a single-pass setup. The temperature and spectrum detuning characters of each cascaded quasi-phase-matching process are studied. This unique red-green-blue light source has potential applications in laser display and other laser industries.
Novel Hippocampal Interneuronal Subtypes Identified Using Transgenic Mice That Express Green Fluorescent Protein in GABAergic Interneurons (2000)

The chief inhibitory neurons of the mammalian brain, GABAergic neurons, are comprised of a myriad of diverse neuronal subtypes. To facilitate the study of these neurons, transgenic mice were generated that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in subpopulations of GABAergic neurons. In one of the resulting transgenic lines, called GIN (GFP-expressing Inhibitory Neurons), EGFP was found to be expressed in a subpopulation of somatostatin-containing GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus and neocortex. In both live and fixed brain preparations from these mice, detailed microanatomical features of EGFP-expressing interneurons were readily observed. In stratum oriens of the hippocampus, EGFP-expressing interneurons were comprised almost exclusively of oriens/alveus interneurons with lacunosum-moleculare axon arborization (O-LM cells). In the neocortex, the somata of EGFP-expressing interneurons were largely restricted to layers II-IV and upper layer V. In hippocampal area CA1, two previously uncharacterized subtypes of interneurons were identified using the GIN mice: stratum pyramidale interneurons with lacunosum-moleculare axon arborization (P-LM cells) and stratum radiatum interneurons with lacunosum-moleculare axon arborization (R-LM cells). These newly identified interneuronal subtypes appeared to be closely related to O-LM cell, as they selectively innervate stratum lacunosum-moleculare. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that these cells were fast-spiking and showed virtually no spike frequency accommodation. The microanatomical features of these cells suggest that they function primarily as "input-biasing" neurons, in that synaptic volleys in stratum radiatum would lead to their activation, which in turn would result in selective suppression of excitatory input from the entorhinal cortex onto CA1 pyramidal cells.
Mechanism of bactericidal and fungicidal activities of textiles covalently modified with alkylated polyethylenimine (2003)

Our previous studies have led to a novel "nonrelease" approach to making materials bactericidal by covalently attaching certain moderately hydrophobic polycations to their surfaces. In the present work, this strategy is extended beyond the heretofore-used nonporous materials to include common woven textiles (cotton, wool, nylon, and polyester). Pieces of such cloths derivatized with N-hexylated+methylated high-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (PEI) are strongly bactericidal against several airborne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In contrast, the immobilized and N-alkylated PEIs of low molecular weight have only a weak, if any, bactericidal activity. These findings support a mechanism of the antibacterial action whereby high-molecular-weight and hydrophobic polycationic chains penetrate bacterial cell membranes/walls and fatally damage them. The bactericidal textiles prepared herein are lethal not only to pathogenic bacteria but to fungi as well.
Distinct Effects of Sorbic Acid and Acetic Acid on the Electrophysiology and Metabolism of Bacillus subtilis (2014)

Sorbic acid and acetic acid are among the weak organic acid preservatives most commonly used to improve the microbiological stability of foods. They have similar pKa values, but sorbic acid is a far more potent preservative. Weak organic acids are most effective at low pH. Under these circumstances, they are assumed to diffuse across the membrane as neutral undissociated acids. We show here that the level of initial intracellular acidification depends on the concentration of undissociated acid and less on the nature of the acid. Recovery of the internal pH depends on the presence of an energy source, but acidification of the cytosol causes a decrease in glucose flux. Furthermore, sorbic acid is a more potent uncoupler of the membrane potential than acetic acid. Together these effects may also slow the rate of ATP synthesis significantly and may thus (partially) explain sorbic acid's effectiveness.
Cell Cycle Dependence of Laminar Determination in Developing Neocortex (1991)

The neocortex is patterned in layers of neurons that are generated in an orderly sequence during development. This correlation between cell birthday and laminar fate prompted an examination of how neuronal phenotypes are determined in the developing cortex. At various times after labeling with [3H]thymidine, embryonic progenitor cells were transplanted into older host brains. The laminar fate of transplanted neurons correlates with the position of their progenitors in the cell cycle at the time of transplantation. Daughters of cells transplanted in S-phase migrate to layer 2/3, as do host neurons. Progenitors transplanted later in the cell cycle, however, produce daughters that are committed to their normal, deep-layer fates. Thus, environmental factors are important determinants of laminar fate, but embryonic progenitors undergo cyclical changes in their ability to respond to such cues.
Combined azathioprine and prednisone in chronic inflammatory‐demyelinating polyneuropathy (1985)

Twenty-seven patients with static or worsening chronic inflammatory-demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy were randomly assigned to alternate day decremental prednisone therapy alone or with azathioprine (2 mg/kg) for 9 months. No statistically significant alterations were demonstrated between these treatment schedules.
Work of Breathing During Spontaneous Ventilation in Anesthetized Children: A Comparative Study Among the Face Mask, Laryngeal Mask Airway and Endotracheal Tube (2000)

Work of breathing (WOB) increases during general anesthesia in adults, but such information has been limited in pediatric patients. We studied WOB in 24 healthy children (mean age 2+/-1.9 yrs), during elective urogenital surgery under 1 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia with a caudal block while breathing spontaneously. WOB was measured with an esophageal balloon, miniature flowmeter, and a computerized (Bicore) system. In each patient, WOB was computed under four conditions: a mask without oral airway (-AW), a mask with oral airway (+AW), a laryngeal mask airway (LMA), and an endotracheal tube (ETT). With each apparatus WOB was studied both with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (5-6 cm H(2)O) and without CPAP (or zero end-expiratory pressure [ZEEP]). Under ZEEP, WOB (g x cm/kg) among the four apparatus were (mean +/- SEM): mask (-AW) (64 +/-19.2) > mask (+AW) (44+/-17.2), LMA (42+/-15.6) > ETT (25.4+/- 12.4) (P<0.05). WOB with CPAP significantly (P<0.05) decreased from WOB with ZEEP in three groups (mask [-AW], mask [+AW], and LMA), but not in the ETT group. Tidal volume (both ZEEP and CPAP) and end-tidal PCO(2) (with CPAP only) were significantly (P<0.05) decreased only in the ETT group, whereas no significant difference was found in respiratory rate or minute volume among the four airway apparatus groups, either with or without CPAP. The reduction in WOB, when breathing through ETT was primarily attributable to decreases in tidal volume and volume work. The finding that WOB decreases with CPAP in all groups except for the ETT group suggests that the decrease is a result of improved patency of the upper airway rather than of increases in functional residual capacity and lung compliance.
Theoretical gain in compressive and tensile strained InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum wells (1991)

In this letter, we report theoretical predictions of gain in strained 40 Å InGaAs/InGaAsP quantum wells, using a finite barrier valence band mixing analysis to determine the complicated valence subband structure under compressive strain, no strain, and tensile strain. We first illustrate the dramatic effects that strain can have on the valence subband structure. We then show that these changes lead to dramatic alterations in the optical gain of the quantum well as a function of carrier density. Example gain curves are given for three different indium mole fractions. Finally, to observe the effects of strain in a more continuous fashion, we plot theoretical transparency values for carrier density and differential gain as a function of indium mole fraction in the well.
Eight cytochrome P450s catalyze vitamin D metabolism (2004)

Vitamin D3 plays a central role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis and is essential for the proper development and maintenance of bone. To exert its biological activities, vitamin D3 has to receive enzymatic transformation to the active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The first step is the 25-hydroxylation reaction in the liver that produces 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, the major circulating form of vitamin D3. The 25-hydroxylation reaction is the prerequisite step for the subsequent 1 alpha-hydroxylation and 24-hydroxylation reactions in the kidney. The 1 alpha-hydroxylation reaction produces the active form of vitamin D3, whereas 24-hydroxylation reaction leads to inactivation. Both reactions are strictly controlled by parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and calcium in a reciprocal manner in the kidney. At present, six cytochrome P450s (CYP2C11, 27A1, 2D25, 2R1, 3A4, and 2J3) are found to exhibit vitamin D 25-hydroxylation activities, and CYP27B1 and CYP24 are proved to be 1 alpha-hydroxylase and 24-hydroxylase, respectively. The main focus of this review is to summarize the properties of individual P450 in light of their catalytic activities to understand their physiological significance.
The 220-kD protein colocalizing with cadherins in non-epithelial cells is identical to ZO-1, a tight junction-associated protein in epithelial cells: cDNA cloning and immunoelectron microscopy. (1993)

We previously identified a 220-kD constitutive protein of the plasma membrane undercoat which colocalizes at the immunofluorescence microscopic level with cadherins and occurs not only in epithelial M., S. Yonemura, A. Nagafuchi, Sa. Tsukita, and Sh. Tsukita. 1991. J. Cell Biol. 115:1449-1462). To clarify the nature and possible functions of this protein, we cloned its full-length cDNA and sequenced it. Unexpectedly, we found mouse 220-kD protein to be highly homologous to rat protein ZO-1, only a part of which had been already sequenced. This relationship was confirmed by immunoblotting with anti-ZO-1 antibody. As protein ZO-1 was originally identified as a component exclusively underlying tight junctions in epithelial cells, where cadherins are not believed to be localized, we analyzed the distribution of cadherins and the 220-kD protein by ultrathin cryosection immunoelectron microscopy. We found that in non-epithelial cells lacking tight junctions cadherins and the 220-kD protein colocalize, whereas in epithelial cells (e.g., intestinal epithelial cells) bearing well-developed tight junctions cadherins and the 220-kD protein are clearly segregated into adherens and tight junctions, respectively. Interestingly, in epithelial cells such as hepatocytes, which tight junctions are not so well developed, the 220-kD protein is detected not only in the tight junction zone but also at adherens junctions. Furthermore, we show in mouse L cells transfected with cDNAs encoding N-, P-, E-cadherins that cadherins interact directly or indirectly with the 220-kD protein. Possible functions of the 220-kD protein (ZO-1) are discussed with special reference to the molecular mechanism for adherens and tight junction formation.
Varying amylose and total starch content in potato tubers derived from Finland and Sweden (2015)

Plant growth is affected by a lot of resources, namely, water supply, sunlight, nutrients in the soil etc. This study investigates changes in potato starch composition derived from tubers grown in Finland and Sweden. In this project you will see the comparison between nine different varieties of potatoes (Asterix, Bintje, Desiree, Kuras, Maria, Maris Piper, Quadras, Rosmunda and Saturna) that were grown in Finland and those grown in Sweden. The hypothesis that growing conditions have an effect on amylose content and total starch content of the same variety was put to test among the sets of tubers. Starch powder was extracted using free-drying method from each set received from each source (Sweden and Finland) and compared. Analysis of amylose content and total starch content was done using Megazyme kits on extracted starch powder. The average calculated for amylose contents between sets of Kuras and Maria varied the most and averages calculated for total starch content varied the most between sets of Desiree and Kuras. The results indicate that growing conditions do have an effect on tubers, in specific, Desiree, Kuras and Maria.
In-Plane Photoalignment of Liquid Crystals by Azobenzene−Polyelectrolyte Layer-by-Layer Ultrathin Films (2002)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTIn-Plane Photoalignment of Liquid Crystals by Azobenzene−Polyelectrolyte Layer-by-Layer Ultrathin FilmsMi-Kyoung Park and Rigoberto C. AdvinculaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1240 Cite this: Langmuir 2002, 18, 11, 4532–4535Publication Date (Web):May 2, 2002Publication History Received31 December 2001Revised19 March 2002Published online2 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 2002https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la015771ahttps://doi.org/10.1021/la015771abrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 2002 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views536Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chromatography,Electromagnetic radiation,Molecules,Optical properties,Thin films Get e-Alerts
MWCNT/Cotton-based flexible electrode for electrocardiography (2013)

This paper focuses on the development of a textile-based electrode for electrocardiography (ECG). The development of a textile-based electrode is becoming more significant in the modern society since it provides comfort to the wearer while continuously monitor the specific biosignal of the wearer. Currently, the silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrode is mainly used for ECG recording purposes. However, conducted researches show that there are some drawbacks of using the conventional electrode. Therefore, researches are actively carried out to invent new methods of recording ECG signal in order to replace the conventional electrode. In this paper, a flexible textile-based electrode using cotton fabric as the substrate material and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as the conductive material is proposed. Cotton fabric is readily available, flexible and lightweight while the MWCNT could be purchased at relatively low cost. Simple method of fabricating the sensor was used by applying the the MWCNT on the surface of cotton fabric using tapioca starch paste as adhesive. Initial result from the experiments shows that the performance of MWCNT/cotton-based flexible electrode fabricated is better than the performance of conventional electrode.
The potential use of monoclonal antibodies and other novel agents as drugs to lower LDL cholesterol (2013)

LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is central to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and lowering LDL-C is an important component of cardiovascular disease prevention. This article briefly reviews current LDL-C-lowering strategies and then focuses on novel strategies to reduce LDL-C. Lead compounds of the thyromimetic and squalene synthase inhibitor classes were discontinued due to toxicity. Currently, three novel strategies for LDL-C reduction are in clinical development. Hepatic apoB100 production can be reduced with an antisense oligonucleotide (mipomersen), while production of apoB-containing lipoproteins in the gut and liver is reduced by an inhibitor of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (lomitapide). apoB-containing lipoprotein clearance can also be enhanced by inhibiting PCSK9. Secreted PCSK9 targets LDL receptors for degradation. As PCSK9 levels are upregulated by statin therapy, PCSK9 inhibition may complement statin therapy. Of the multiple strategies to inhibit PCSK9 under development, monoclonal antibodies have progressed furthest in their clinical development.
Radiometric and Geometric Analysis of Hyperspectral Imagery Acquired from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (2012)

In the summer of 2010, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral calibration and characterization experiment of the Resonon PIKA II imaging spectrometer was conducted at the US Department of Energy’s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) UAV Research Park. The purpose of the experiment was to validate the radiometric calibration of the spectrometer and determine the georegistration accuracy achievable from the on-board global positioning system (GPS) and inertial navigation sensors (INS) under operational conditions. In order for low-cost hyperspectral systems to compete with larger systems flown on manned aircraft, they must be able to collect data suitable for quantitative scientific analysis. The results of the in-flight calibration experiment indicate an absolute average agreement of 96.3%, 93.7% and 85.7% for calibration tarps of 56%, 24%, and 2.5% reflectivity, respectively. The achieved planimetric accuracy was 4.6 m (based on RMSE) with a flying height of 344 m above ground level (AGL).