gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single Airfoil Gust Response Problem (2000)

An unsteady aerodynamic code, called GUST3D, has been developed to solve the single, non-constant coefficient, inhomogeneous convective wave equation for flows with periodic vortical disturbance. The code uses a frequency-domain approach with second-order central differences and a Sommerfeld radiation condition in the far field. It has been extensively validated on model problems with analytical solutions. GUST3D requires as input certain mean flow quantities which are calculated separately by a potential flow solver. This solver calculates the mean flow using a Gothert's Rule approximation. On the airfoil surface, it uses the solution calculated by the potential code FL036. A figure shows the mean pressure along the airfoil surface. To calculate the unsteady pressure, GUST3D was run oil systematically refined grids to obtain a converged solution at each frequency. It was found that 24 points per wavelength was sufficient for convergence. The location of the outer grid boundary was also varied to check for sensitivity to the far-field boundary condition.
<i>The 3B20D Processor & DMERT Operating System</i>: Overview and Architecture of the 3B20D Processor (1983)

The 3B20D Processor is designed to meet a broad range of telecommunication applications. New features such as memory management are incorporated into its design to support a modern operating system. Hardware supports are provided to efficiently execute a high-level language. A major design objective is to meet the stringent reliability requirements of electronic switching systems. The proven technique of self-checking duplex operation forms the basic architecture structure of the 3B20D Processor.
SPDA-CNN: Unifying Semantic Part Detection and Abstraction for Fine-Grained Recognition (2016)

Most convolutional neural networks (CNNs) lack midlevel layers that model semantic parts of objects. This limits CNN-based methods from reaching their full potential in detecting and utilizing small semantic parts in recognition. Introducing such mid-level layers can facilitate the extraction of part-specific features which can be utilized for better recognition performance. This is particularly important in the domain of fine-grained recognition. In this paper, we propose a new CNN architecture that integrates semantic part detection and abstraction (SPDACNN) for fine-grained classification. The proposed network has two sub-networks: one for detection and one for recognition. The detection sub-network has a novel top-down proposal method to generate small semantic part candidates for detection. The classification sub-network introduces novel part layers that extract features from parts detected by the detection sub-network, and combine them for recognition. As a result, the proposed architecture provides an end-to-end network that performs detection, localization of multiple semantic parts, and whole object recognition within one framework that shares the computation of convolutional filters. Our method outperforms state-of-theart methods with a large margin for small parts detection (e.g. our precision of 93.40% vs the best previous precision of 74.00% for detecting the head on CUB-2011). It also compares favorably to the existing state-of-the-art on finegrained classification, e.g. it achieves 85.14% accuracy on CUB-2011.
Mercury cadmium telluride as an infrared detector material (1969)

The properties of the alloy semiconductor Hg <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</inf> Cd <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> Te and its application as an infrared detector material are reviewed. The selection of this alloy system as an infrared detector material is discussed. Bulk and epitaxial crystal growth techniques are described and representative electrical data presented which show the free carrier concentration to be in the 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">14</sup> -10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">15</sup> cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> range. The flexibility of this ternary system is then discussed relative to the compositional dependence of the energy gap. Photoconductive response data are presented for detectors having response peaks of 4-20 microns over the temperature range 15°-300°K. The expression E <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">g</inf> = 1.6(x - 0.134) + 0.1335(0.435 - x)(T/100 -1) 40° < T < 240°K 0.15 < x < 0.35 is shown to represent the compositional and temperature dependence of the energy gap within the specified limits.
Customized ECG beat classifier using mixture of experts (2002)

Reports an effort to develop a user-adaptation (customization) algorithm which, with minimal human supervision, is capable of adapting the performance of an ECG beat classification algorithm to the special characteristics of individual patients. In the authors' algorithm, they assume a black box ECG beat classifier, and a small set of user-specific training data, edited by human experts, are given. The objective is to devise a method to take advantage of the small user-specific training data set to achieve high classification rate rather than using the black box ECG beat classifier alone.
Mouse model for the DNA repair/basal transcription disorder trichothiodystrophy reveals cancer predisposition. (1999)

Patients with the nucleotide excision repair (NER) disorder xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) are highly predisposed to develop sunlight-induced skin cancer, in remarkable contrast to photosensitive NER-deficient trichothiodystrophy (TTD) patients carrying mutations in the same XPD gene. XPD encodes a helicase subunit of the dually functional DNA repair/basal transcription complex TFIIH. The pleiotropic disease phenotype is hypothesized to be, in part, derived from a repair defect causing UV sensitivity and, in part, from a subtle, viable basal transcription deficiency accounting for the cutaneous, developmental, and the typical brittle hair features of TTD. To understand the relationship between deficient NER and tumor susceptibility, we used a mouse model for TTD that mimics an XPD point mutation of a TTD patient in the mouse germline. Like the fibroblasts from the patient, mouse cells exhibit a partial NER defect, evident from the reduced UV-induced DNA repair synthesis (residual repair capacity approximately 25%), limited recovery of RNA synthesis after UV exposure, and a relatively mild hypersensitivity to cell killing by UV or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. In accordance with the cellular studies, TTD mice exhibit a modestly increased sensitivity to UV-induced inflammation and hyperplasia of the skin. In striking contrast to the human syndrome, TTD mice manifest a dear susceptibility to UV- and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced skin carcinogenesis, albeit not as pronounced as the totally NER-deficient XPA mice. These findings open up the possibility that TTD is associated with a so far unnoticed cancer predisposition and support the notion that a NER deficiency enhances cancer susceptibility. These findings have important implications for the etiology of the human disorder and for the impact of NER on carcinogenesis.
Stereochemistry of gaseous anions: hydroxide ion negative chemical ionization of 17-.zeta.-R-5.alpha.,14.beta.-androstane-14,17.zeta.-diols (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereochemistry of gaseous anions: hydroxide ion negative chemical ionization of 17-.zeta.-R-5.alpha.,14.beta.-androstane-14,17.zeta.-diolsJ. C. Beloeil, M. Bertranne, D. Stahl, and J. C. TabetCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 5, 1355–1359Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00343a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00343a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views41Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tailor-Made Dyes for Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) (2001)

Two new fluorescent labels are presented that are optimized for excitation with He/Ne laser and red diode lasers. Application in FCS and labeling of proteins and oligomers are demonstrated. A strong rise of quantum yield and emission life time upon binding to biomolecules are characteristic features of the dyes.
Nicotinic receptor modulation to treat alcohol and drug dependence (2015)

Alcohol and drug dependence are serious public health problems worldwide. The prevalence of alcohol and drug dependence in the United States and other parts of the world is significant. Given the limitations in the efficacy of current pharmacotherapies to treat these disorders, research in developing alternative pharmacotherapies continues. Preclinical and clinical evidence thus far has indicated that brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are important pharmacological targets for the development of medications to treat alcohol and drug dependence. The nAChRs are a super family of ligand gated ion channels, and are expressed throughout the brain with twelve neuronal nAChR subunits (α2-α10 and β2-β4) identified. Here, we review preclinical and clinical evidence involving a number of nAChR ligands that target different nAChR subtypes in alcohol and nicotine addiction. The important ligands include cytisine, lobeline, mecamylamine, varenicline, sazetidine A and others that target α4β2(*) nAChR subtypes as small molecule modulators of the brain nicotinic cholinergic system are also discussed. Taken together, both preclinical and clinical data exist that support nAChR-based ligands as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of alcohol and drug dependence.
The use of Teflon as wrapping material in aneurysm surgery (1994)

Even if clipping is the ideal and only complete treatment of the intracranial aneurysm, wrapping is a well-known alternative technique when aneurysm clipping is not feasible, or is not completely satisfactory. We present a technique of wrapping using fibres of Teflon material shaped in strings or in pledgets, arranged on or around the area to be treated and fixed by fibrin glue. This Teflon technique was used during the years 1990 to 1992, in 44 treated aneurysms (33% or all aneurysms treated during the same period), and in 3 situations: 1) to reinforce a residual or additional ectasia next to the clipped aneurysm, usually proximal to the clip (25 cases, i.e., 57%), 2) to treat an arterial ectasia, so called preaneurysmal ectasia, which proved not clippable at surgery (10 cases, 23%) and 3) to protect a nervous or vascular neighbouring structure which was compressed by the clip grip (9 cases, 20%). No complication was noted in relation to this technique. Up to now, no other know wrapping material has received worldwide approval for being completely innocuous and effective. The Teflon material has been widely used in neurosurgical microvascular decompression and in cardiovascular surgery. In these fields, its reliability, safety, and lack of harmful effects have been widely recognized and should also apply in aneurysm surgery. A very long follow-up will be necessary to assess the outcome for this new wrapping technique.
Chemotherapy in psychiatry : principles and practice (1985)

1. Modern Psychopharmacology and Psychiatric Treatment 2. Antipsychotic Agents 3. Lithium Salts and Antimanic Agents 4. Antidepressant Agents 5. Antianxiety Drugs 6. Special Topics Bibliography Index
Cityscapes 3D: Dataset and Benchmark for 9 DoF Vehicle Detection (2020)

Detecting vehicles and representing their position and orientation in the three dimensional space is a key technology for autonomous driving. Recently, methods for 3D vehicle detection solely based on monocular RGB images gained popularity. In order to facilitate this task as well as to compare and drive state-of-the-art methods, several new datasets and benchmarks have been published. Ground truth annotations of vehicles are usually obtained using lidar point clouds, which often induces errors due to imperfect calibration or synchronization between both sensors. To this end, we propose Cityscapes 3D, extending the original Cityscapes dataset with 3D bounding box annotations for all types of vehicles. In contrast to existing datasets, our 3D annotations were labeled using stereo RGB images only and capture all nine degrees of freedom. This leads to a pixel-accurate reprojection in the RGB image and a higher range of annotations compared to lidar-based approaches. In order to ease multitask learning, we provide a pairing of 2D instance segments with 3D bounding boxes. In addition, we complement the Cityscapes benchmark suite with 3D vehicle detection based on the new annotations as well as metrics presented in this work. Dataset and benchmark are available online.
Observation of SN2011fe with INTEGRAL. I. Pre--maximum phase (2013)

SN2011fe was detected by the Palomar Transient Factory on August 24th 2011 in M101 a few hours after the explosion. From the early optical spectra it was immediately realized that it was a Type Ia supernova thus making this event the brightest one discovered in the last twenty years. The distance of the event offered the rare opportunity to perform a detailed observation with the instruments on board of INTEGRAL to detect the gamma-ray emission expected from the decay chains of $^{56}$Ni. The observations were performed in two runs, one before and around the optical maximum, aimed to detect the early emission from the decay of $^{56}$Ni and another after this maximum aimed to detect the emission of $^{56}$Co. The observations performed with the instruments on board of INTEGRAL (SPI, IBIS/ISGRI, JEMX and OMC) have been analyzed and compared with the existing models of gamma-ray emission from such kind of supernovae. In this paper, the analysis of the gamma-ray emission has been restricted to the first epoch. Both, SPI and IBIS/ISGRI, only provide upper-limits to the expected emission due to the decay of $^{56}$Ni. These upper-limits on the gamma-ray flux are of 7.1 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ ph/s/cm$^2$ for the 158 keV line and of 2.3 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ ph/s/cm$^2$ for the 812 keV line. These bounds allow to reject at the $2σ$ level explosions involving a massive white dwarf, $\sim 1$ M$\odot$ in the sub--Chandrasekhar scenario and specifically all models that would have substantial amounts of radioactive $^{56}$Ni in the outer layers of the exploding star responsible of the SN2011fe event. The optical light curve obtained with the OMC camera also suggests that SN2011fe was the outcome of the explosion, possibly a delayed detonation although other models are possible, of a CO white dwarf that synthesized $\sim 0.55$ M$_\odot$ of $^{56}$Ni. For this specific model.
Integrated nanohole array surface plasmon resonance sensing device using a dual-wavelength source (2011)

In this paper, we demonstrate a compact integrated nanohole array-based surface plasmon resonance sensing device. The unit includes a LED light source, driving circuitry, CCD detector, microfluidic network and computer interface, all assembled from readily available commercial components. A dual-wavelength LED scheme was implemented to increase spectral diversity and isolate intensity variations to be expected in the field. The prototype shows bulk sensitivity of 266 pixel intensity units/RIU and a limit of detection of 6 × 10−4 RIU. Surface binding tests were performed, demonstrating functionality as a surface-based sensing system. This work is particularly relevant for low-cost point-of-care applications, especially those involving multiple tests and field studies. While nanohole arrays have been applied to many sensing applications, and their suitability to device integration is well established, this is the first demonstration of a fully integrated nanohole array-based sensing device.
High resolution eddy current microscopy (2001)

We describe a sensitive scanning force microscope based technique for measuring local variations in resistivity by monitoring changes in the eddy current induced damping of a cantilever with a magnetic tip oscillating above a conducting sample. To achieve a high sensitivity, we used a cantilever with an FeNdBLa particle mounted on the tip. Resistivity measurements are demonstrated on a silicon test structure with a staircase doping profile. Regions with resistivities of 0.0013, 0.0041, and 0.022 Ω cm are clearly resolved with a lateral resolution of approximately 180 nm. For this range of resistivities, the eddy current induced damping is found to depend linearly on the sample resistivity.
Improvement of the accuracy and speed range in sensorless control of switched reluctance motors (2002)

In this paper, modulation based sensorless control of switched reluctance motors is presented. The basic idea is to inject sensing signals into one of the nonconducting phases and obtain the rotor position indirectly through signal measurements. A computer model has been developed to analyze and design the hardware for the sensorless scheme. The frequency of the sensing signal is chosen based on the required resolution of rotor position at rated speed. The high frequency effects of the sensing signals on the self-inductances of the phases have been considered while designing the scheme. Based on the simulation results, the sensorless circuit is calibrated so that different control angles, viz. turn-on and turn-off angles can be realized. Since the control angles can be varied, real time optimization, self-tuning control etc. can all be carried out. Detailed design procedure of the sensorless scheme along with the practical considerations are presented in the paper. The proposed sensorless control has been implemented on a 6/4, 500 W drive system and the simulation results are verified. The experimental results obtained for a wide speed range with different loads and control angles are also presented.
MicroRNAs of the miR379–410 cluster: New players in embryonic neurogenesis and regulators of neuronal function (2015)

The imprinted miR379-410 cluster contains 38 microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in diverse neurodevelopmental processes and are important regulators of neuronal function. The implications of these miRNAs in neurological diseases have been recently recognized.In the present minireview, the current findings regarding the brain-specific functions of miR379-410 cluster miRNAs are summarized and discussed.
Monolithically Cascaded Micromirror Pair Driven by Angular Vertical Combs for Two-Axis Scanning (2004)

In this work, monolithically cascaded one-axis micromirrors driven by angular vertical comb drives are designed and fabricated. Using W-shaped folded-beam optics, we demonstrate two-axis scanning covering /spl plusmn/6.0/spl deg/ two-dimensional area at resonant modes of 7.5 kHz, /spl plusmn/17 V for a fast-scanning mirror and 1.2 kHz, /spl plusmn/7 V for a slow-scanning mirror. The experimental results satisfy the requirements for a surveying instrument.
Propagation of Magnetostatic Spin Waves at Microwave Frequencies in a Normally-Magnetized Disk (1965)

The theoretical transit time is derived for propagation of spin waves across a normally-magnetized disk. The exchange-free case is described first. The group velocity is obtained for magnetostatic spin waves in an infinite slab. This is combined with the inhomogeneous internal field of a disk to compute the time delay of a wave packet in the disk. The time delay obtained from a computer calculation is compared with an approximate calculation. The dispersion relation is then modified to include exchange effects and the delay time is computed for this case. Experimental observations of microwave pulse-echo behavior in disks of yttrium iron garnet are compared with these theoretical results.
Time/frequency techniques for signal feature detection (2003)

A method for detecting linear chirps in audio signals is presented. It uses a complex uniform spaced filter bank as a basis for the detection. The filter bank has an efficient implementation, good frequency localization, and delivers magnitude and phase of the subband signals. The complex filter bank uses two parallel real valued filter banks, each with critical sampling and perfect reconstruction capability. Detection is accomplished via a template based thresholding scheme. Various templates are used to account for differing amounts of linear chirp in the data sets. Experimental results using actual audio data are presented, which demonstrate the method is a useful tool for the detection of linear chirps in audio signals.
Hepatocyte-specific deletion of farnesoid X receptor delays but does not inhibit liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice (2012)

Deletion of hepatic FXR did not completely inhibit but delays liver regeneration after PHX secondary to delayed cyclin D1 activation.
Reactively Sputter-Deposited Titanium Oxide Coatings with Parallel Penniform Microstructure (2000)

Ordered titanium dioxide films with large and controllable microstructure have been prepared by a low temperature sputtering deposition method. The Figure displays the “parallel penniform” structure of the films, which have very large surface area and excellent contact to the underlying substrate, rendering them potentially important for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical applications.
Using Trusted Sensors to Monitor Patients' Habits (2010)

Abstract: Patients are notoriously inconsistent with taking their medications. Doctors and insurance companies have an incentive to monitor and collect data on whether medical patients and insurance customers are following prescriptions and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. A convenient way of gathering such data is using smartphones. For example, accelerometer readings can be used to reveal how physically active a patient is. Unfortunately, the readings of a sensor can be easily manipulated. This data’s huge financial value makes doctors and insurance companies reluctant to use it unless it can be made more trustworthy. This paper’s goal is to start a discussion on how to use trusted sensors to help doctors and insurance companies gather data about their patients ’ medications in a trustworthy manner. 1