gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dipole radiation within one-dimensional anisotropic microcavities: a simulation method (2011)

We present a simulation method for light emitted in uniaxially anisotropic light-emitting thin film devices. The simulation is based on the radiation of dipole antennas inside a one-dimensional microcavity. Any layer in the microcaviy can be uniaxially anisotropic with an arbitrary orientation of the optical axis. A plane wave expansion for the field of an elementary dipole inside an anisotropic medium is derived from Maxwell's equations. We employ the scattering matrix method to calculate the emission by dipoles inside an anisotropic microcavity. The simulation method is applied to calculate the emission of dipole antennas in a number of cases: a dipole antenna in an infinite medium, emission into anisotropic slab waveguides and waveguides in liquid crystals. The dependency of the intensity and the polarization on the direction of emission is illustrated for a number of anisotropic microcavities.
Bicomponent Transparent Polyester Networks with Shape Memory Effect (2009)

Elastic bicomponent networks with shape memory effect were obtained via cross-linking reactions of unsaturated polyester with methacrylates. Unlike conventional shape memory polymers, the new material is transparent, rubbery, and can be tailored to various transition temperatures by macromolecular engineering. Various unsaturated copolymers of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone and ε-caprolactone were synthesized by ring-opening mechanism. Depending on the composition of the unsaturated polyester materials, their mechanical properties and glass transition temperature were varied.
Livening Up the Classroom (2007)

Audience response system (ARS) technology offers considerable promise for bringing more interactivity and engagement to the classroom. Since gaining momentum in the late 1990s, ARS use has been promoted for its ability to provide immediate feedback, focus student attention, identify gaps in knowledge, and enhance student involvement. This inexpensive technology is potentially of great value for improving the educational experience of students and instructors alike. doi:10.1300/J115v26n01_08.
POSITION VERIFICATION APPROACHES FOR VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKS (2006)

Intervehicle communication is regarded as one of the major applications of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Compared to MANETs, these so-called vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have special requirements in terms of node mobility and position-dependent applications, which are well met by geographic routing protocols. Functional research on geographic routing has already reached a considerable level, whereas security aspects have been vastly neglected so far. Since position dissemination is crucial for geographic routing, forged position information has severe impact regarding both performance and security. In this work, we first analyze the problems that may arise from falsified position data. Then, in order to lessen these problems, we propose detection mechanisms that are capable of recognizing nodes cheating about their location in position beacons. In contrast to other position verification approaches, our solution does not rely on special hardware or dedicated infrastructure. Evaluation based on simulations shows that our position verification system successfully discloses nodes disseminating false positions and thereby widely prevents attacks using position cheating
A low-voltage droplet microgripper for micro-object manipulation (2009)

We present a low-voltage microgripper utilizing a liquid droplet to pick up and release micro-objects. Lifting force is generated by a liquid bridge formed between the gripper surface and an object. Electrowetting was used to dynamically change the capillary lifting forces and enable easy object release. The driving voltage was applied to a pair of coplanar interdigitated electrodes, eliminating the need for an electrode on top of the droplet and thus significantly facilitating object manipulation. A barium strontium titanate insulation layer was used to lower the driving voltage. Experiments indicated that the lifting forces can be as high as 213 µN at a driving voltage of 28 V. Experiments also demonstrated a low-voltage, low power consumption soft microgripper by picking up and releasing micro glass beads.
Novel Lossen rearrangements of 3-benzenesulfonyloxy(1H- and 1-methyl)-2,4-quinazolinediones induced by alkoxide ions (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel Lossen rearrangements of 3-benzenesulfonyloxy(1H- and 1-methyl)-2,4-quinazolinediones induced by alkoxide ionsKou-Yi Tserng and Ludwig BauerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1973, 38, 20, 3498–3502Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00960a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00960a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views190Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The <i>in vitro</i> effects of bupivacaine on articular chondrocytes (2008)

We have studied the effects of bupivacaine on human and bovine articular chondrocytes in vitro. Time-lapse confocal microscopy of human articular chondrocytes showed > 95% cellular death after exposure to 0.5% bupivacaine for 30 minutes. Human and bovine chondrocytes exposed to 0.25% bupivacaine had a time-dependent reduction in viability, with longer exposure times resulting in higher cytotoxicity. Cellular death continued even after removal of 0.25% bupivacaine. After exposure to 0.25% bupivacaine for 15 minutes, flow cytometry showed bovine chondrocyte viability to be 41% of saline control after seven days. After exposure to 0.125% bupivacaine for up to 60 minutes, the viability of both bovine and human chondrocytes was similar to that of control groups. These data show that prolonged exposure 0.5% and 0.25% bupivacaine solutions are potentially chondrotoxic.
Racked on the tyrant's bed: The politics of pleasure and pain and the Elizabethan sonnet sequences (1989)

(1989). Racked on the tyrant's bed: The politics of pleasure and pain and the Elizabethan sonnet sequences. Textual Practice: Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 234-249.
GM1 gangliosides in the treatment of spinal cord injury: report of preliminary data analysis. (1990)

A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded spinal cord injury GM1 ganglioside drug trial was completed. Of the 37 patients entered over a 16 month period, 34 patients (23 cervical and 11 thoracic injuries) received the test drug protocol and completed the one year follow up period. The neurologic recovery was quantified by serial measurement of the ASIA motor score throughout the acute hospital course and one year long follow up period. The primary variable used to assess neurologic recovery was the difference in the ASIA motor score from the admission value to the value at one year. The GM1 group had an average motor recovery of 36.9 points whereas the placebo group had an average change of 21.6 points (t-test difference, p = 0.088). Analysis of the secondary variable, the area under the ASIA motor score versus the logarithm of time, and the use of rank order nonparametric statistic on both the primary and secondary variables to sort neurologic recovery obtained similar statistical differences between the GM1 and placebo treatment groups. Randomization imbalances in baseline severity of injury and division of cervical and thoracic injury occurred in the trial. Because of this fact and the small sample size of the study verification of these results by a larger study is required.
TAR MATS CHARACTERIZATION FROM NMR AND CONVENTIONAL LOGS, CASE STUDIES IN DEEPWATER RESERVOIRS, OFFSHORE BRAZIL (2004)

Tar mats can be defined as hydrocarbon horizons with high asphaltene concentrations (20% to 60% in weigh) and high viscosity – typically more than 10,000 cp at reservoir conditions. As a consequence of these characteristics, tar mats represent a volume of hydrocarbon in place that are very difficult or even impossible to be produced and frequently form vertical permeability barriers. The occurrence of these high viscosity hydrocarbon layers is generally at the bottom of the oil column. Therefore they can isolate the oil leg from the aquifer. In these cases, the producing drive mechanism will be by expansion in a volumetric reservoir, instead of water drive. So, a previous identification of tar mats will help to correctly quantify reserves and predict recovery with maximum efficiency. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance logs in conjunction with conventional logs can provide accurate identification of tar mat levels and viscosity estimation, from empirical relationships. In this paper we present field examples of tar mat characterization from NMR and conventional logs, supported by formation pressure measurements in the aquifer and in the oil leg. Despite a very clear continuity of the reservoir all along the aquifer and oil leg, with an obvious oil/water contact, pressure data show evidence of depletion by production in the oil column, whereas in the water zone no pressure drop is noted. In the studied field examples, tar mat levels are tens of meters thick and estimated viscosities are around 20,000 cp. The NMR responses (total porosity and T2 distribution) are very different in the oil leg when compared to the tar mat horizons, as a result of the low hydrogen index levels and high viscosities in the tar mats, compared to the hydrogen indexes and viscosities of the medium/light oil. Also, because of the hydrogen index, the total porosity values measured by NMR and density logs are very different in the tar mat levels, but they have good agreement in the aquifer and oil zone. Neutron porosity is also affected, in minor intensity, by the low hydrogen index of tar mats. Additionally, resistivity logs show different responses due to the low mobility of tar mats when compared to the oil leg. The non-consolidated characteristic of the reservoirs in addition to the absence of mud cake along the tar mat intervals due to low filtrate invasion, result in caliper enlargement all along these high viscosity levels but not in the oil zone or in the aquifer.
Lessons from long-term survivors of childhood cancer. (1989)

Facing another birthday, it9s not always easy to agree with Browning. New technical information mushrooms even as my grey-crowned synapses burn out. Authority and tradition, the twin domains of the experienced, are under fire as patriarchal, paternalistic, imperialistic, and whatever else fails to satisfy modern sensabilities. It surely looks as if the game is to the swift and the young. Yet my birthday this year was graced by an experience that younger clinicians cannot yet savor. As I answered the phone9s ring, I heard, This is a voice from your past; this is (Names have been altered to protect privacy). Although I have not seen him for 10 years, the voice was unmistakable. How can you forget the voice of the first patient with leukemia you were able to tell that he was cured? He was also the first of my longterm survivors of cancer to father children and provide me with grandchildren to brag about. My first grandchildren are already teenagers and there have been dozens more born since then to other patients who are long-term survivors of cancer. Freddie and two other patients participated with their families in the last grand rounds I gave at my former academic post. He was seen first 20 years ago with leukemia as a teenager with a high white blood cell count and hyperuricemia. He is now 36 years old and a coal miner. At the time of his marriage, in his town only the mines provided employment with health benefits for someone with a prior history of malignancy.
Differential Incorporation of Tau Isoforms in Alzheimer's Disease (2008)

There are 6 different isoforms of tau expressed in the adult human brain, and little information is available on the cellular distribution of the isoforms. Tau inclusions are found in neurons and occasionally glia in a variety of diseases. Previous studies conducted on brain homogenates suggested that tau isoforms might be differentially incorporated into inclusions. To further elucidate the complex issue of tau isoform composition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases, monoclonal antibodies that differentiate between tau containing residues encoded by exon 10 (4R tau) and tau lacking exon 10 residues (3R tau) were used in single and double labeling immunohistochemistry as well as biochemical analyses of tau isolated from AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Immunohistochemical analysis of the hippocampus in 34 AD cases performed with these antibodies showed both 3R and 4R tau isoforms in tangles. While biochemical studies showed that both isoforms were present in insoluble tau aggregates in AD hippocampus and cortex, not all tangles appear to be labeled with the 3R and 4R tau specific monoclonal antibodies. Similar studies in progressive supranuclear palsy and Pick's disease confirmed that these diseases were characterized by incorporation of specific isoforms in fibrillar lesions, but lesions in neither disease were exclusively composed of 3R tau or 4R tau isoforms.
Effects of Hydrophobic Chain Length on Temperature Dependence of Monolayer Behavior of Ester-type Tartaric Geminis (2011)

Ester-type tartaric gemini amphiphiles bearing two carboxyl groups and two hydrophobic alkanoyl groups were prepared from L-tartaric acid, and the pressure-area (π-A) isotherms for a series of symmetric tartaric gemini amphiphiles were measured by the conventional film-balance technique. The effects of the length of the hydrophobic alkanoyl chains and of the subphase temperature (T(sub)) on the π-A isotherms for these compounds were examined. As the length of the hydrophobic alkyl chain increased, a more tightly packed monolayer was formed at the air-water interface. The melting temperature (T(m)) of the monolayer on the water surface was evaluated from the subphase temperature (T(sub)) dependence of the monolayer static elasticity ε(s), based on a π-A isotherm. A clear relationship between T(m) and hydrophobic carbon number (n) was observed for 2D monolayers of tartaric geminis on water surfaces, as well as for fatty acids and/or 3D solids.
Antibacterial halogenoacetyl derivatives of amino acids and simple peptides (1977)

The vital role of D-alanine and L-lysine in the peptidoglycan crosslinking process in the bacterial cell wall prompted preparation of various small peptides incorporating these amino acids. N-Iodoacetyl or -bromoacetyl derivatives of the peptides were then prepared in the hope that they would serve as active-site-directed irreversible inhibitors of cell wall transpeptidases. Certain of the halogenoacetyl dipeptide esters, but not the corresponding free acids, showed slight antistaphylococcal activity. Subsequent structural variation showed that inclusion of C-alanine or L-lysine was not necessary, since antibacterial activity was at least as good when the dipeptide unite was replaced by glycylglycine or by an omega-aminoalkanoic acid. It was concluded that the observed antibacterial activity was probably not due to specific inhibition of a cell wall transpeptidase.
Wax Deposition Modeling with Considerations of Non-Newtonian Characteristics: Application on Field-Scale Pipeline (2017)

Wax removal by pigging is costly in sub-sea oil production. Cost-effective scheduling of pigging can be achieved based on the deposition rate predicted by wax deposition models. Conventional wax deposition models predict wax deposition rates on the basis of Newtonian fluid mechanics. Such an approach can become invalid for highly waxy crude oils with non-Newtonian rheology. In this investigation, different simulation techniques, including large eddy simulation, Reynolds-averaged Naiver–Stokes equations, and the law of the wall, were applied to model non-Newtonian pipe flow. It was discovered that the law of the wall method is the best method to calculate the velocity profile, shear stress and the turbulent momentum diffusivity in turbulent non-Newtonian pipe flow of waxy oil. An enhanced wax deposition model considering the non-Newtonian characteristics of waxy oil using the law of the wall method was developed and applied to predict wax deposition rates in a field-scale pipeline.
28nm high-k metal gate RRAM with fully compatible CMOS logic processes (2013)

A new 2-transistor logic ReRAM cell with 28nm high-k metal gate (HKMG) and fully CMOS logic compatible process is reported. The new 28nm logic compatible RRAM cell consists of two logic standard high-k metal gate CMOS transistors by an optimized composite resistive gate dielectric film TiN/HfO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> /TiN as a storage node in the cell and as a gate dielectric in the select transistor. Using the cell gate as a source line for RRAM set/reset operation, the resistive memory states can be read and sensed by the selection of the select transistor and its bitline. As a result, the new 2-transistor CMOS logic ReRAM cell is very area-saving, cost effective, and fully compatible with advanced high-k metal gate CMOS logic technology platform. By adapting the highly manufacturable high-K gate dielectric in embedded ReRAM cell, the cell does not need any additional deposition of the resistive film or extra process steps, as a result, it will be easily scaled down and following by the CMOS technology evolution, besides it can be simply dropped on a logic IP or circuits for the need of NVM array or discrete storages in advanced SOC logic-NVM applications.
Stable Integration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Based Retroviral Vectors into the Chromosomes of Nondividing Cells (1998)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-based vectors are thought to be useful for gene transfer into nondividing cells. We examined whether HIV vectors can really integrate into the chromosomes of nondividing cells. CD4+HeLa cells arrested at the G2 or G1/S phase were incubated with the HIV vector pseudotyped with the HIV envelope. The transduction efficiency of the HIV vector in these nondividing cells was comparable to that in proliferating cells. Sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified fragments containing the junction sites showed that the HIV vector was stably integrated into the chromosomal DNA. It was also demonstrated that terminally differentiated human macrophages and nonproliferating NT neurons could be transduced by the HIV vector after adenovirus-mediated expression of CD4. These results suggest that the HIV vector may be useful not only for gene therapy of AIDS but also for a variety of gene therapy protocols targeting nondividing cells.
Coupling of carbon monoxide oxidation to CO2 and H2 with the phosphorylation of ADP in acetate-grown Methanosarcina barkeri (1986)

Cell suspensions of Methanosarcina barkeri, grown on acetate, catalyzed the conversion of carbon monoxide and H2O to CO2 and H2 in stoichiometric amounts when methane formation was inhibited by bromoethanesulfonate. The specific activity was 80-120 nmol min-1 mg protein-1 at 5% CO in the gas phase. CO oxidation was coupled with the phosphorylation of ADP as indicated by a rapid increase of the intracellular ATP level upon start of the reaction. At least 0.1 mol ATP was formed/mol CO consumed. The onset of CO oxidation was also accompanied by an increase of the proton motive force (delta p) from 100 mV to 150 mV (inside negative). Addition of the uncoupler tetrachlorosalicylanilide to CO-metabolizing cells led to a rapid decrease of the ATP level and of delta p, and to an increase of the CO oxidation rate up to 70%. In the presence of the proton-translocating ATPase inhibitor N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide the phosphorylation of ADP was inhibited and CO oxidation slowed down, whereas delta p was almost unaffected. Inhibition of CO oxidation under these conditions was relieved by the addition of the protonophore tetrachlorosalicylanilide. The results indicate that in acetate-grown M. barkeri the free-energy change associated with the formation of CO2 and H2 from CO and H2O (delta G degrees = -20 kJ/mol) can be used to drive the phosphorylation of ADP and that the coupling proceeds via a chemiosmotic mechanism. A possible role of the carbon monoxide oxidation reaction as an energy-conserving site in acetate fermentation to CH4 and CO2 is discussed.
Optimum Performance for Microanalysis with Silicon Drift Detectors with Integrated FET (2007)

Extract Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2007 in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA, August 5 – August 9, 2007
The Cysteine-Rich Domain of the Macrophage Mannose Receptor Is a Multispecific Lectin That Recognizes Chondroitin Sulfates a and B and Sulfated Oligosaccharides of Blood Group Lewisa and Lewisx Types in Addition to the Sulfated <i>N</i>-Glycans of Lutropin (2000)

The mannose receptor (MR) is an endocytic protein on macrophages and dendritic cells, as well as on hepatic endothelial, kidney mesangial, tracheal smooth muscle, and retinal pigment epithelial cells. The extracellular portion contains two types of carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD): eight membrane-proximal C-type CRDs and a membrane-distal cysteine-rich domain (Cys-MR). The former bind mannose-, N-acetylglucosamine-, and fucose-terminating oligosaccharides, and may be important in innate immunity towards microbial pathogens, and in antigen trapping for processing and presentation in adaptive immunity. Cys-MR binds to the sulfated carbohydrate chains of pituitary hormones and may have a role in hormonal clearance. A second feature of Cys-MR is binding to macrophages in marginal zones of the spleen, and to B cell areas in germinal centers which may help direct MR-bearing cells toward germinal centers during the immune response. Here we describe two novel classes of carbohydrate ligand for Cys-MR: chondroitin-4 sulfate chains of the type found on proteoglycans produced by cells of the immune system, and sulfated blood group chains. We further demonstrate that Cys-MR interacts with cells in the spleen via the binding site for sulfated carbohydrates. Our data suggest that the three classes of sulfated carbohydrate ligands may variously regulate the trafficking and function of MR-bearing cells.