gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of functionalized polyhydroxyalkanoates by genetically modified Methylobacterium extorquens strains (2010)

This work constitutes an example of metabolic engineering applied to the construction of a methanol-utilizing bacterium capable of producing functionalized PHAs containing C-C double bonds. In this regard, the PhaC2 synthase appeared superior to the PhaC1 synthase at utilizing C8= as source of C-C double bonds and at incorporating C-C double bonds into PHA from either C6= or C8=. The M. ex-phaC2 strain is, therefore, a promising biocatalyst for generating advanced (functionalized) PHAs for future high value applications in various fields.
Improving Eye Drop Treatment for Glaucoma through Better Adherence (2008)

Glaucoma Services, Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Received June 28, 2007; accepted August 24, 2007.
Cold-Specific Induction of a Dehydrin Gene Family Member in Barley (1995)

An interval on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chromosome 7 accounting for significant quantitative trait locus effects for winter hardiness were detected in a winter (Dicktoo) x spring (Morex) barley population (P.M. Hayes, T. Blake, T.H.H. Chen, S. Tragoonrung, F. Chen, A. Pan, and B. Liu [1993] Genome 36: 66–71). Two members of the barley dehydrin gene family, Dhn1 and Dhn2, were located within the region defining the winter hardiness quantitative trait locus effect (A. Pan, P.M. Hayes, F. Chen, T. Blake, T.H.H. Chen, T.T.S. Wright, I. Karsai, Z. Bedo [1994] Theor Appl Genet 89: 900–910). To investigate the possible role of Dhn1 and Dhn2 in winter hardiness, we examined the expression pattern of six barley dehydrin gene family members in shoot tissue in response to cold temperature. Incubation of 3-week-old barley plants at 2[deg]C resulted in a rapid induction of a single 86-kD polypeptide that was recognized by an antiserum against a peptide conserved in the dehydrin gene family. Northern blot analysis confirmed the induction of an mRNA corresponding to Dhn5. The expression patterns of cold-induced dehydrins in shoot tissue for Dicktoo and Morex were identical under the conditions studied, in spite of the known phenotypic differences in their winter hardiness. These results, together with the allelic structure of selected high- and low-survival lines, suggest that the Dicktoo alleles at the Dhn1 and Dhn2 may not be the primary determinants of winter hardiness in barley.
Simplifying Boolean constraint solving for random simulation-vector generation (2002)

We present an algorithm for simplifying the solution of conjunctive Boolean constraints of state and input variables, in the context of constrained random vector generation using BDDs. The basis of our approach is extraction of "hold-constraints" from constraint system. Hold-constraints are deterministic and trivially resolvable; in addition, they can be used to simplify the original constraints as well as refine the conjunctive partition. Experiments demonstrate significant reduction in the time and space needed for constructing the conjunction BDDs, and the time spent in vector generation during simulation.
[Drug therapy of type-II diabetes: tablets, insulin or a combination of these]. (1994)

Optimal therapy of diabetes has to be based on the known pathophysiology of metabolic disturbances and should eventually alleviate reduced secretion of insulin as well as reduce the usually present resistance to insulin in order to normalize the average blood glucose levels. In less than 30% of patients with type-II diabetes, dietetic measures combined with increased physical activity alone, are sufficient for metabolic control, thus increasing the importance of pharmacologic treatment immensely. Biguanides are the therapeutic choice in patients with massive overweight, because they usually do not induce weight gain; however, specific contraindications (renal failure in particular) have to be taken into consideration. The effect of blood glucose lowering by biguanides is not due to increased secretion of insulin, thus neither hypoglycemias nor hyperinsulinism are induced or increased, respectively. Patients with normal or slightly increased body weight should profit best from sulfonylureas that stimulate insulin production. Combinations of sulfonylurea and biguanides or of insulin and oral antidiabetics or insulin alone have to be taken into account when monotherapy with oral antidiabetics is too inefficient; however, clear and generally accepted guidelines for correct indications of these therapeutic modalities are lacking. Particularly in long-lasting diabetes and for patients with distinct overweight an adequate therapeutic success is often not obtained with the currently available therapeutic means. Possibly, future developments will provide new therapeutic ways with drugs that increase insulin sensitivity or reduce gluconeogenesis.
Smart Cane Outdoor Navigation System for Visually Impaired Deaf-blind and Blind Persons (2014)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to build an outdoor navigation system to assist Visually Impaired (VI) persons’ navigation independently in urban areas, regardless of the person’s hearing status. An augmented cane, magnetic point or continuous metallic trails, pulsing magnet apparatuses, and the transmission of serialized vibration braille encoded guidance are the features of the proposed navigation system. Trails of magnetic points or metal and pulsing magnet apparatuses will be installed on the sidewalks in the city centres. People with VI are able to sense the magnet points or the metallic trail through their augmented cane. This system will assist them to walk independently. Pulsing magnet apparatuses will be installed at Point of Interests (POI) on sidewalks, such as turns and other decision points, to inform persons through serialized vibrational messages.
 Methods: The research follows design science research framework with characteristics of prototype construction validation in Living Lab environment.Qualitative research methods (interviews and questionnaire) are employed to for user centered development process and to evaluate afterwards how well the designed artifacts meet the requirements it was set to resolve. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method will be applied to convert users’ requirements into the features of the system.Usability experiments are defined to evaluate the usability of the proposed system in user tests. Pre-test qualitative interviews were performed in Pakistan with 15 blind or VI persons. All the subjects also participated into the system’s usability testing.
 Results: The feedback of the test persons on about the proposed system after participating in the practical experiment of the system was positive. Based on the results, this kind of system would aid their navigation. The study also collected usability suggestions for further development of the system.
 Conclusion: The proposed navigation system receives positive feedback from the potential users and the stakeholders. 13 out of the 15 blind and VI test persons were able to follow the test track successfully with the prototype and they found the proposed infrastructure applicable as navigation aid for the VI as a whole.
초등학교 열린교육에 대한 문화기술적 연구 (1997)

본 연구는 초등학교에서 열린교육을 하고있는 행위주체자들 (교사, 학생들)은 열린교육에 대하여 어떤 인식을 가지고 있으며 왜 그러한 인식을 가지게 되었는가를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구방법으로는 주로 문화기술적 연구방법을 이용하여 자료를 수집하고 분석하였으며, 열린교육을 실시하는 광주 시내 한 초등학교(TB)에서 4-6학년 학생과 학교 교직원 12명을 주 정보제공자로, 그리고 그들이 하는 열린수업에서의 참여 관찰을 통하여 13개월 동안 본 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과 열린교육의 2대 원리인 개별성과 융통성이 열린 교육의 실제, 특히 수업과 학생통제 방식에 반영되어 있음을 발견하였다. 연구참가자들은 열린교육에 대하여 긍정적인 인식을 가지고 있었는데, 이는 개별성과 융통성이 발휘되고, 활동중심으로 이루어지는 다양한 수업의 형태 때문이며 학습자중심의 학생통제 방법에 기인한다는 점을 발견하였다.
A monocular, unconscious form of visual attention (2010)

Sudden changes in our visual field capture our attention so that we are faster and more accurate in our responses to that region of space. The underlying mechanisms by which these behavioral improvements occur are unknown. Here we investigate the level of the visual system at which attentional capture first occurs by presenting cues to one eye and then a target to either the same or the opposite eye. We show that monocular cues initially only shorten response time if the target is presented in the same eye as the cue suggesting that the initial capture of attention occurs at monocular levels of the visual system. We use dual-cues that cannot be distinguished by binocular parts of the visual system but are detectable at monocular levels to show that performance enhancements occur entirely unconsciously and are not due to local sensory interactions. Furthermore, we show that the spatial and temporal properties of the new monocular cueing effect differ from standard binocular cueing. Our results inspire a monocular competition model where visual stimuli compete to generate a salience map at monocular levels of representation.
Information pathways into dementia care services (2009)

This research described family carers' experiences in accessing dementia information and services in Southern Tasmania, Australia. Focus groups were conducted around three topics: (i) information available to family carers prior to a formal diagnosis of dementia, (ii) sources of information following diagnosis, and (iii) means of transfer of information. Data analysis identified themes reflecting participants' progressive care experiences: from hurtful and dismissive attitudes towards initial requests for information and early diagnosis, to futile searching for information within a seemingly disorganized healthcare system, to eventual resolution of a kind whereby dementia services were finally procured for family members to varying degrees — all of which created emotional turmoil and delayed receipt of services. This study strongly emphasises the value of health professionals seriously and empathically hearing and acting upon family carers' requests for information and prompt diagnosis of dementia. In addition, there is a significant need to improve access and organization of information and services for people with dementia and their family carers.
Thin Film III-V Devices Integrated on Silicon-on-Insulator Waveguide Circuits (2006)

Thin film InP/InGaAsP active opto-electronic devices were fabricated on top of Silicon-on-Insulator waveguide circuits. Device integration was done using adhesive die to wafer bonding. Both photodetectors and laser diodes were fabricated on and coupled to Silicon-on-Insulator waveguide circuits. Integration of laser diodes and photodetectors was done simultaneously using identical processing steps.
<i>BRCA1</i>epigenetic inactivation predicts sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in breast and ovarian cancer (2012)

Germline mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer development. Both genes are involved in DNA repair, and tumors harboring genetic defects in them are thought to be more sensitive to DNA-damaging agents used in chemotherapy. However, as only a minority of breast and ovarian cancer patients carry BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, few patients are likely to benefit from these pharmacogenetic biomarkers. Herein, we show that, in cancer cell lines and xenografted tumors, BRCA1 CpG island promoter hypermethylation-associated silencing also predicts enhanced sensitivity to platinum-derived drugs to the same extent as BRCA1 mutations. Most importantly, BRCA1 hypermethylation proves to be a predictor of longer time to relapse and improved overall survival in ovarian cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with cisplatin.
Some New <i>exo,exo</i>-Bis(isodicyclopentadienyl)titanium and -zirconium Dichloride Derivatives:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation as Propene Polymerization Catalysts (1998)

Exo,exo derivatives of the efficient catalyst precursors (diisodicyclopentadienyl)titanium and -zirconium dichloride substituted at the central position have been synthesized. These compounds have been characterized by solution NMR measurements, which also permitted the calculation of rotational barriers. The solid-state structures of exo,exo-bis(3-diphenylphosphinoisodicyclopentadienyl)titanium and -zirconium dichloride were determined by X-ray crystallography. Unfortunately, after activation by methylalumoxane, these complexes are shown to serve as poor catalysts for the polymerization of propene.
A multi-layer approach of orthogonally fed circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for enhanced gain (2019)

Abstract A new circularly polarized microstrip array antenna using the orthogonal feed technique is proposed in this paper. The antenna has a multi-layer structure and a new 3-way power divider employing the both-sided microwave integrated circuit technology is designed to configure the feed network of the array. Circular polarization (CP) is realized by creating a quadrature phase difference between orthogonal feed circuits of the patches. The multi-layer structure gives flexibility to adjust the patch spacing that helps to reduce the sidelobe level of the antenna. It is found that the multi-layer structure exhibits a gain of about 2 dB higher than that of a single layer structure by means of sidelobe reduction. The proposed structure also exhibits good CP performances that are verified by a good agreement of measured and simulated results. Simple and compact structure makes the antenna suitable for various wireless applications.
Trade Dress Protection of Product Designs: Stifling the Progress of Science and the Useful Arts for an Unlimited Time (1999)

must submit a patent application to the PTO claiming the invention within one year of the public use or sale of the design. 4 If the patent applicant satisfies the standards of patentability, the PTO will issue a patent on the claimed design.In contrast to patent law's specific statutory scheme and clear constitutional mandate, courts protect product trade dress under the federal
Sonophotocatalytic Performance of Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>-Graphene/TiO<sub>2</sub>Hybrid Nanomaterials Synthesized with a Microwave-assisted Method (2014)

This paper introduces a microwave-assisted synthesis method to prepare hybrid Bi 2 Se 3 -GR/TiO 2 nanocomposites, which exhibit superior properties over single component materials. The as-prepared composites were characterized by XRD, UV-vis absorbance spectra, SEM,TEM, EDX, and BET analyses, revealing uniform covering of the graphene nanosheet with Bi 2 Se 3 and TiO 2 nanocrystals. For visible light photocatalysis of Rh.B, a significant enhancement in the reaction rate was consequently observed with Bi 2 Se 3 -GR/TiO 2 composites. The degradation rate(k app ) obtained for sonophotocatalysis was 6.8 10 -3 min -1 , roughly 2.2 times better than that of VL photocatalysis under higher concentrations of Rh.B. The sonophotocatalysis was faster due to greater formation of reactive radicals as well as an increase of the active surface area of the Bi 2 Se 3 -GR/TiO 2 composites. The high activity is attributed to the synergetic effects of high charge mobility and red shift of the absorption edge of Bi 2 Se 3 -GR/TiO 2 .
Time slot assignment techniques for TDMA digital cellular systems (1994)

In TDMA system each channel may have more than one time slot to serve more than one user. Techniques for the assignment of time slots to users while minimizing co-channel interference are important. The paper presents six time slot assignment techniques. A discrete event stochastic simulation study was performed on 120/spl deg/ and 60/spl deg/ sectored systems. The simulation employs the "blocked calls cleared" traffic model and a log-linear path loss propagation model. Only the down link is considered. The results compare the performance of the six techniques and investigates the effect of the number of time slots per frame and the maximum acceptable interference level.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A proteomic study of Corynebacterium glutamicumAAA+ protease FtsH (2007)

The data obtained hint to an involvement of C. glutamicum FtsH protease mainly in regulation of energy and carbon metabolism, while the protease is not involved in stress response, as found in other bacteria.
Impact of agroecology on soil fertility status and cassava yield in Nigeria: 1. Nutrient levels in soils growing cassava. (2000)

The soils of major cassava-growing areas of Nigeria were sampled at 0-20 and 20-40 depths in 1991. The objectives were to compare the nutrient levels in both cassava fields and other arable crop fields and relate their nutrient levels to possible factors that affect them. Approximately 470 samples (one half from each depth) were collected from the 65 villages covered in the study and analysed for 16 physico-chemical properties. Sand was the dominant particle size followed by clay in all the soils. Climate was the most important factor that related to the soil properties. The soils of the non-humid climate zone was the most fertile followed by those of the sub-humid zone. Soils grown to cassava and cassava mixtures were generally the same and also similar to those grown to other arables in most nutrients except total N which was higher in soils grown to cassava. Thus the soils grown to cassava were not marginal in terms of nutrient levels when compared to other arable fields even though the overall nutrient rating in all the soils was either low or medium for most of the nutrients. This suggests that relative to arable crops considered, including yam and maize, cassava was no longer grown in relatively poorer soils in the country.
CAY10499, a Novel Monoglyceride Lipase Inhibitor Evidenced by an Expeditious MGL Assay (2008)

Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) plays a major role in the metabolism of the lipid transmitter 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). This endocannabinoid is known to mediate a large number of physiological processes, and its regulation is thought to be of great therapeutic potential. However, the number of available monoglyceride lipase inhibitors is limited, mostly due to the lack of rapid and accurate pharmacological assays for the enzyme. We have developed a 96-well-format assay for MGL using a nonradiolabeled substrate, 4-nitrophenylacetate. The IC(50) values that were obtained for known inhibitors of MGL using 4-nitrophenylacetate were similar to those reported by using the radiolabeled form of an endogenous substrate, 2-oleoylglycerol. In a first small-scale screening, we identified CAY10499 as a novel monoglyceride lipase inhibitor. Thus, we report here the characterization of this submicromolar inhibitor, which acts on MGL through an unprecedented mechanism for inhibitors of this enzyme.
Regularization Paths for Generalized Linear Models via Coordinate Descent. (2010)

We develop fast algorithms for estimation of generalized linear models with convex penalties. The models include linear regression, two-class logistic regression, and multinomial regression problems while the penalties include ℓ(1) (the lasso), ℓ(2) (ridge regression) and mixtures of the two (the elastic net). The algorithms use cyclical coordinate descent, computed along a regularization path. The methods can handle large problems and can also deal efficiently with sparse features. In comparative timings we find that the new algorithms are considerably faster than competing methods.
Cardiopulmonary bypass management and acute renal failure: risk factors and prognosis (2008)

The aim of the study was to investigate if acute renal failure (ARF) following cardiac surgery is influenced by CPB perfusion pressure and to determine risk factors of ARF. Our research consisted of two studies. In the first study, 179 adult patients with normal preoperative renal function who had been subjected to cardiac surgery on CPB were randomized into three groups. The mean perfusion pressure (PP) during CPB in Group 65 (68 patients) was 60-69.9 mmHg, in Group 55 (59 patients) -- lower than 60 mmHg and in Group 75 (52 patients) -- 70 mmHg and higher. We have analyzed postoperative variables: central venous pressure, the need for diuretics, urine output, fluid balance, acidosis, potassium level in blood serum, the need for hemotransfusions, nephrological, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, duration of artificial lung ventilation, duration of stay in ICU and in hospital, and mortality. In the second study, to identify the risk factors for the development of ARF following CPB, we retrospectively analysed data of all 179 patients, divided into two groups: patients who developed ARF after surgery (group with ARF, n = 19) and patients without ARF (group without ARF, n = 160). We found that urine output during surgery was statistically significantly lower in Group 55 than in Groups 65 and 75. The incidence of ARF in the early postoperative period did not differ among the groups: it developed in 6% of all patients in Group 65, 4% in Group 55 and 6% in Group 75. There were no differences in the rate of other complications (cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological disorders, bleeding, etc) among the groups. There were 19 cases of ARF (10.6%), but none of these patients needed dialysis. We found that age (70.0 +/- 7.51 vs. 63.5 +/- 10.54 [standard deviation, SD], P = 0.016), valve replacement and/or reconstruction surgery (57.9% vs. 27.2%, P = 0,011), combined valve and CABG surgery (15.8% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.004), duration of CPB (134.74 +/- 62.02 vs. 100.59 +/- 43.99 min., P = 0.003) and duration of aortic cross-clamp (75.11 +/- 35.78 vs. 53.45 +/- 24.19 min., P = 0.001) were the most important independent risk factors for ARF. Cardiopulmonary bypass perfusion pressure did not cause postoperative renal failure. The age of patient, valve surgery procedures, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and duration of aorta cross-clamp are potential causative factors for acute renal failure after cardiac surgery.
Impulse: Location-based Agent Assistance (2000)

Epidemiological studies suggest the existence of a strong relationship between the incidence of prostatic cancer and the intake of dietary lipids in humans. However, very little information is available on intracellular fatty acid metabolism in human prostatic tissue. The objective of this study was to identify and subsequently characterize a fatty acid binding protein of human prostatic tissue. A fatty acid binding protein (FABP) was purified and characterized from human prostatic tissue. The purified FABP had an apparent molecular mass of 15.0 +/- 1.0 kDa as averaged from three different methods, sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), gel filtration and amino acid analysis. The pI value of the protein was determined to be 6.8. Scatchard analysis of fatty acid binding to the purified FABP from malignant prostatic tissue showed a Kd value of 0.53 +/- 0.02 microM for arachidonic acid (n = 5). The Kd values of FABP purified from benign prostatic tissue were 0.57 +/- 0.02 microM for oleic acid and 0.51 +/- 0.04 microM for arachidonic acid (n = 5). Fatty acid analysis revealed that the level of endogenously bound arachidonic acid was about 2.5-fold higher in FABP from malignant than from benign tissue. In addition, both malignant and benign tissues contained the same concentration of FABP. The concentrations of FABP in malignant and benign tissues were 19.2 +/- 1.8 and 21.4 +/- 2.1 micrograms per mg of total cytosolic protein, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)