gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Web-based Information System for Ocean/Coastal Environmental Data Service (2011)

Ocean/coastal environmental information is the current status and forecasted ocean and coast information required to support ocean activities and solve ocean-related problems in government agencies, industries and general public. It can be largely classified current status by in-situ ocean observation and predicted forecast by numerical modeling about the sea state. These data consist of positional information of latitude, longitude and depth and mapped observation and prediction values to each position and have some properties such as tremendous multi-dimensional multi-variate spatio-temporal data. It's hard to understand and interpret the complex phenomenon unless you are an expert because these data exist on around of whole Korea coastal areas so the data volume is so big and ways of data collection and data types and properties are so variety and heterogeneous. Therefore, in this paper, we implemented web-based information system for whole series of collection-processing-storage (database)-geo-spatial processing-scientific visualization process for service of ocean/coastal environmental information. Moreover, by implementing spatio-temporal and cross-relational analysis and information query functions, we try to help to understand complex oceanic process, solve ocean-related problems and support the decision making over simple information providence.
A Biomimetic Total Synthesis of (+)-Ainsliadimer A (2010)

A protecting group free and biomimetic total synthesis of (+)-ainsliadimer A has been accomplished in 14 steps from α-santonin. The synthesis relies on a hydrogen bonding promoted [4 + 2]-hetero-Diels-Alder dimerization to afford the key homodimer intermediate, which demonstrates the feasibility of using nonenzymatic conditions to achieve the proposed biosynthesis.
Conformational changes in the receptors for epidermal growth factor and asialoglycoproteins induced by the mildly acidic pH found in endocytic vesicles. (1984)

We have used a variety of methods, including lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination, proteolysis, and photolabel incorporation, to determine whether exposure to the acidic pH encountered during receptor-mediated endocytosis causes observable conformational changes in receptor proteins. Two receptor systems were chosen for this study: the asialoglycoprotein receptor and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. The purified asialoglycoprotein receptor protein was reconstituted into lipid membranes by spontaneous incorporation into phosphatidylcholine liposomes with the binding site facing outward. The EGF receptor was studied in living A-431 cells and was identified by immunoprecipitation using monoclonal antibodies. Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination of both receptor systems, carried out with the external pH equal to 7.4 or 5.6, showed that the extent of receptor protein iodination was less at the lower pH even though lactoperoxidase has an acidic pH optimum. Using the nonspecific hydrophilic photolabeling agent [35S]N-(4-azido-3-nitrophenyl)-2-aminoethylsulfonic acid-taurine, we observed less incorporation into both the asialoglycoprotein receptor in liposomes and the EGF-receptor in A-431 cells when the external pH was reduced to 5.6. Also, using the enzyme papain, we have found that both receptors become resistant to proteolysis when the external pH is lowered from 7.0 to 5.6. These results suggest a conformational change in both of these receptors in which they become less exposed to the external aqueous environment at low pH. Such a conformational change may be responsible for the pH dependence of binding for both of these ligands. Also, this conformational change may serve to protect receptors from enzymatic degradation within endocytic or lysosomal compartments.
Immunoglobulin Light Chain Gene Rearrangements, Receptor Editing and the Development of a Self-Tolerant Antibody Repertoire (2018)

Discussion of the antibody repertoire usually emphasizes diversity, but a conspicuous feature of the light chain repertoire is its lack of diversity. The diversity of reported allelic variants of germline light chain genes is also limited, even in well-studied species. In this review, the implications of this lack of diversity are considered. We explore germline and rearranged light chain genes in a variety of species, with a particular focus on human and mouse genes. The importance of the number, organization and orientation of the genes for the control of repertoire development is discussed, and we consider how primary rearrangements and receptor editing together shape the expressed light chain repertoire. The resulting repertoire is dominated by just a handful of IGKV and IGLV genes. It has been hypothesized that an important function of the light chain is to guard against self-reactivity, and the role of secondary rearrangements in this process could explain the genomic organization of the light chain genes. It could also explain why the light chain repertoire is so limited. Heavy and light chain genes may have co-evolved to ensure that suitable light chain partners are usually available for each heavy chain that forms early in B cell development. We suggest that the co-evolved loci of the house mouse often became separated during the inbreeding of laboratory mice, resulting in new pairings of loci that are derived from different sub-species of the house mouse. A resulting vulnerability to self-reactivity could explain at least some mouse models of autoimmune disease.
Timbre Recognition with Combined Stationary and Temporal Features (1998)

In this paper we consider the problem of modeling spectro-temporal behaviour of musical sounds, with applications for musical instrument recognition. Using instanteneous sound features, such as cepstral envelopes and cepstral derivatives, the temporal evolution of the sound is transcribed into a new representation as a sequence of spectral features. Applying information-theoretic sequence matching methods, the sound dynamics can be modeled and compared. Testing this method on recordings of several solo musical pieces of di erent instrument, excellent matching results were obtained.
Stability of low linolenic acid canola oil to frying temperatures (1989)

Abstract The effect of heating on the oxidation of low (1.6%) linolenic acid canola oil (C18∶3) at frying temperature (185 ±5°C) under nitrogen and air was examined and then compared to a laboratory deodorized (9.0%, C18∶3) and a commercially deodorized (8.5%, C18∶3) canola oil sample. A significantly lower development of oxidation was evident for the low C18:3 canola oil, based on the measurement of peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), free fatty acids (FFA), dienals and carbonyls. The greater stability of the low C18:3 canola oil was also reflected by a corresponding improvement in heated room odor intensity scores. Heating under nitrogen (rather than air) not only improved the odors but limited the oxidation in all oils. While the low C18:3 canola oil heated under nitrogen was acceptable in 94% of odor judgments the same oil heated in air was acceptable in only 44%. This suggests that even low levels of C18:3 may contribute to the development of the heated room odor phenomenon.
First identified case of VIM-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Republic of Ireland associated with fatal outcome (2010)

Preview this article: First identified case of VIM-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Republic of Ireland associated with fatal outcome, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/50/art19752-en-1.gif
Synthetic polyamines stimulate<i>in vitro</i>transcription by T7 RNA polymerase (1994)

The influence of nine synthetic polyamines on in vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase has been studied. The compounds used were linear or macrocyclic tetra- and hexaamine, varying in their size, shape and number of protonated groups. Their effect was tested on different types of templates, all presenting the T7 RNA promoter in a double-stranded form followed by sequences encoding short transcripts (25 to 35-mers) either on single- or double-stranded synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotides. All polyamines used stimulate transcription of both types of templates at levels dependent on their size, shape, protonation degree, and concentration. For each compound, an optimal concentration could be defined; above this concentration, transcription inhibition occurred. Highest stimulation (up to 12-fold) was obtained by the largest cyclic compound called [38]N6C10.
Improvements in detergency precision with radioactive soil (1968)

Abstract Recent work on the use of seven‐component, doubly labeled radioactive soil to evaluate deter‐gency has depended on the analyses of the fabric for residual soil. Because of the variation of soil concentration within and between fabric swatches, considerable replication was required to lower the standard deviations to ±10%. A method for the analysis of wash water has been developed which requires much less replica‐tion and achieves higher precision (<±2%). The method is based on the use of an inhomo‐geneous scintillator, which can emulsify, or at least suspend, large volumes of water in a liquid scintillator while maintaining good counting efficiency. Studies of closure, i.e., amount of soil recovered in wash water plus fabric compared with soil introduced into the Tergotometer, have demonstrated that the method is reasonably accurate and quite precise.
Synthesis of regiocontrolled polymer having 2-naphthol unit by CuCl-amine catalyzed oxidative coupling polymerization (1999)

Regiocontrolled polymer (2) having 2-naphthol unit was prepared by oxidative coupling polymerization of bis(2-naphthol) (1). Polymerizations were conducted in dichloromethane in the presence of [di-μ-hydroxo-bis(N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine)copper(II)] chloride [CuCl(OH)TMEDA] under air at room temperature, producing polymers with number-average molecular weights up to 12,000. The structure of polymer 2 was characterized by 270 MHz 1H–NMR and 68.5 MHz 13C–NMR spectroscopies and was estimated to consist almost completely of 1,1′-linkage. The polymer was readily soluble in polar aprotic solvents and tetrahydrofuran at room temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis of polymer 2 showed 10% weight loss at 450°C in nitrogen. The model reactions were studied to clarify the applicability of CuCl(OH)TMEDA for coupling of naphthol derivatives. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3702–3709, 1999
DeepDeSRT: Deep Learning for Detection and Structure Recognition of Tables in Document Images (2017)

This paper presents a novel end-to-end system for table understanding in document images called DeepDeSRT. In particular, the contribution of DeepDeSRT is two-fold. First, it presents a deep learning-based solution for table detection in document images. Secondly, it proposes a novel deep learning-based approach for table structure recognition, i.e. identifying rows, columns, and cell positions in the detected tables. In contrast to existing rule-based methods, which rely on heuristics or additional PDF metadata (like, for example, print instructions, character bounding boxes, or line segments), the presented system is data-driven and does not need any heuristics or metadata to detect as well as to recognize tabular structures in document images. Furthermore, in contrast to most existing table detection and structure recognition methods, which are applicable only to PDFs, DeepDeSRT processes document images, which makes it equally suitable for born-digital PDFs (as they can automatically be converted into images) as well as even harder problems, e.g. scanned documents. To gauge the performance of DeepDeSRT, the system is evaluated on the publicly available ICDAR 2013 table competition dataset containing 67 documents with 238 pages overall. Evaluation results reveal that DeepDeSRT outperforms state-of-the-art methods for table detection and structure recognition and achieves F1-measures of 96.77% and 91.44% for table detection and structure recognition, respectively. Additionally, DeepDeSRT is evaluated on a closed dataset from a real use case of a major European aviation company comprising documents which are highly unlike those in ICDAR 2013. Tested on a randomly selected sample from this dataset, DeepDeSRT achieves high detection accuracy for tables which demonstrates the sound generalization capabilities of our system.
A Unified Model for the Mixing of Non‐Newtonian Fluids in the Laminar, Transition, and Turbulent Region (2005)

Abstract Summary: Non‐Newtonian fluid behavior has significant influence on quantities in chemical engineering like power input, mixing time, heat transfer etc. In the laminar flow region, the concept of effective viscosity by Metzner and Otto is well established. In the transition region between laminar and turbulent flow, the existing concepts use three and even more empirical parameters to determine the specific power input. Here, a unified and general but simple approach is introduced to calculate the power input for shear thinning fluids over the whole flow region using just one empirical parameter. The Metzner‐Otto relation is obtained as a limiting case for the laminar region. The empirical parameter of the new approach is related to the Metzner‐Otto constant. The concept is validated for eight different stirrer systems. Mixing time and maximum shear rate and heat transfer can also be calculated using this approach. The new concept presented should also be applicable for other apparatuses, e.g., static mixers. Comparison of experimental data and a curve calculated according to the new method (solid line). magnified image Comparison of experimental data and a curve calculated according to the new method (solid line).
Long-term Stability of Orthodontic Treatment and Patient Satisfaction (2007)

This review has exposed the difficulties in drawing meaningful evidence-based conclusions often because of the inherent problems of retrospective and uncontrolled study design.
Resultados del empleo del Sistema Aspirativo Sellado en el tratamiento de heridas complejas / Results of using the Sealed Aspiration System in the complex wounds treatment (2014)

Introduccion: Las heridas complejas son de dificil tratamiento. La presion negativa topica aporta cambios favorables a la misma existiendo dispositivos comerciales disenados para el efecto. La ausencia de los mismos en Paraguay estimulo el desarrollo de un diseno artesanal de similares caracteristicas. Objetivo: Describir y comunicar la experiencia obtenida con el empleo del Sistema Aspirativo Sellado en el manejo terapeutico de heridas complejas. Pacientes y Metodos: Estudio experimental de series temporales de pacientes que reunieron los criterios de inclusion como ser adultos de ambos sexos, portadores de heridas complejas, tratados son el Sistema Aspirativo Sellado en cinco anos. Resultados: La serie incluye 47 pacientes portadores de 53 heridas con edad media de 51 anos. El 62,3% presento patologias concomitantes, 74% fueron heridas agudas y 26% heridas cronicas. La mayoria se localizo en los miembros inferiores, otras asentaron en el abdomen, miembros superiores, torax y region sacra. El tiempo medio de utilizacion de la presion negativa topica fue de 17,4 dias y se comprobo mejoria trofica de la herida en todos los casos. Posteriormente el 79,25% de las heridas fueron reparadas quirurgicamente y el 20,75% recibio tratamiento conservador. En 18 casos se utilizo la presion negativa encima de los injertos de piel y colgajos musculares. Todos presentaron buena evolucion. Conclusion: En todos los casos el Sistema Aspirativo Sellado mejoro el estado tisular de una herida compleja, simplificando el tratamiento de la misma.
Piezoelectric internal fixation devices: A new approach to electrical augmentation of osteogenesis (1985)

Prototype testing has been accomplished on a piezoelectric, internal fixation plate. This device combines a piezoelectric material with an internal fixation device as an integrated structure that provides mechanical stability, together with self-generated electrical stimulation, for treating fractures and nonunion. In bench and animal tests we have demonstrated that cyclical loading can cause a device of this type to generate electrical charge while attached to bone. After rectification, direct currents within the range known to stimulate osteogenesis can be produced by weight-bearing loads. Furthermore, electrical output of the implants can be increased by externally applied ultrasonic energy. These twin developments add significantly to the potential armamentarium of devices to enhance bone healing.
A Study of Intrusion Signature Based on Honeypot (2005)

To meet network security requirement, the model of SISH (Study of Intrusion Signature based on Honeypot) takes advantage of honeypot technology to collect the activities of attackers on the honeypot. According to information replied from the honeypot, and data captured on the network, one can reproduce the attack with attack tree. Having classified the attack information of the attacked objects, one can create the signature of the intrusion data in the same class by LCS(Longest Common Sub-string) algorithm. new signatures are used to enrich the signature database of the IDS to make up for the deficiency of the IDSs and perfect defense system.
Advances in electrode materials for Li-based rechargeable batteries (2017)

We summarize strategies to enhance the performance of electrode materials for Li-based batteries through nanoengineering and surface coating, and introduce new trends in developing alternative materials, battery concepts and cell configurations.
Experimental evaluation of adaptive impedance control for MIMO antennas in an FDD-LTE terminal (2013)

This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of an adaptive impedance control for mobile terminals with MIMO antennas, which aims to improve the antenna performance in the usage environment, over an FDD-LTE (Frequency Division Duplex - Long Term Evolution) system through experimental measurement by using a developed prototype terminal. Measurement results verify the effectiveness of a proposed control algorithm, which can not only achieve downlink MIMO throughput improvement, but also uplink transmission power reduction simultaneously.
High-temperature stability of platinum silicide associated with fluorine implantation (1990)

High-temperature stability of the F+- or BF+2 -implanted PtSi thin film was investigated. For the PtSi films that received F+ implantation, the film characteristics remain unchanged even after annealing at 800 °C for 90 min, while for those without F+ implantation, the film properties begin to degrade after annealing at 750 °C as observed by scanning electron microscopic inspection, Auger electron spectroscopy analysis, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy analysis, and sheet resistance measurement. The secondary ion mass spectroscopy analysis indicates that the fluorine atoms are segregated to the PtSi/Si interface. A fluorine barrier model is proposed to explain the absence of Pt in-diffusion induced deterioration for the F+-implanted PtSi film.
Intercarrier interference self-cancellation scheme for OFDM mobile communication systems (2001)

For orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems, the frequency offsets in mobile radio channels distort the orthogonality between subcarriers resulting in intercarrier interference (ICI). This paper studies an efficient ICI cancellation method termed ICI self-cancellation scheme. The scheme works in two very simple steps. At the transmitter side, one data symbol is modulated onto a group of adjacent subcarriers with a group of weighting coefficients. The weighting coefficients are designed so that the ICI caused by the channel frequency errors can be minimized. At the receiver side, by linearly combining the received signals on these subcarriers with proposed coefficients, the residual ICI contained in the received signals can then be further reduced. The carrier-to-interference power ratio (CIR) can be increased by 15 and 30 dB when the group size is two or three, respectively, for a channel with a constant frequency offset. Although the redundant modulation causes a reduction in bandwidth efficiency, it can be compensated, for example, by using larger signal alphabet sizes. Simulations show that OFDM systems using the proposed ICI self-cancellation scheme perform much better than standard systems while having the same bandwidth efficiency in multipath mobile radio channels with large Doppler frequencies.
Structure of a Serine Protease Proteinase K from <i>Tritirachium album limber </i>at 0.98 Å Resolution (2001)

X-ray diffraction data at atomic resolution to 0.98 A with 136 380 observed unique reflections were collected using a high quality proteinase K crystals grown under microgravity conditions and cryocooled. The structure has been refined anisotropically with REFMAC and SHELX-97 with R-factors of 11.4 and 12.8%, and R(free)-factors of 12.4 and 13.5%, respectively. The refined model coordinates have an overall rms shifts of 0.23 A relative to the same structure determined at room temperature at 1.5 A resolution. Several regions of the main chain and the side chains, which were not observed earlier have been seen more clearly. For example, amino acid 207, which was reported earlier as Ser has been clearly identified as Asp. Furthermore, side-chain disorders of 8 of 279 residues in the polypeptide have been identified. Hydrogen atoms appear as significant peaks in the F(o) - F(c) difference electron density map accounting for an estimated 46% of all hydrogen atoms at 2sigma level. Furthermore, the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms can be differentiated clearly in the electron density maps. Hydrogen bonds are clearly identified in the serine protease catalytic triad (Ser-His-Asp). Furthermore, electron density is observed for an unusual, short hydrogen bond between aspartic acid and histidine in the catalytic triad. The short hydrogen bond, designated "catalytic hydrogen bond", occurs as part of an elaborate hydrogen bond network, involving Asp of the catalytic triad. Though unusual, these features seem to be conserved in other serine proteases. Finally there are clear electron density peaks for the hydrogen atoms associated with the Ogamma of Ser 224 and Ndelta1 of His 69.
Data Transparency with Blockchain and AI Ethics (2019)

Providing a 360° view of a given data item especially for sensitive data is essential toward not only protecting the data and associated privacy but also assuring trust, compliance, and ethics of the systems that use or manage such data. With the advent of General Data Protection Regulation, California Data Privacy Law, and other such regulatory requirements, it is essential to support data transparency in all such dimensions. Moreover, data transparency should not violate privacy and security requirements. In this article, we put forward a vision for how data transparency would be achieved in a de-centralized fashion using blockchain technology.
The Use of Ultrasound in the Synthesis of 2-Carboxy Substituted Diphenylethers Using Water as Solvent (2003)

Abstract An improved synthesis of 2-carboxy substituted diphenylethers using water as solvent can be achieved by ultrasound irradiation. A number of diphenylethers was prepared in good yields in a very short reaction time.