gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pyruvate kinase M2 at a glance (2015)

Reprogrammed metabolism is a key feature of cancer cells. The pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) isoform, which is commonly upregulated in many human cancers, has been recently shown to play a crucial role in metabolism reprogramming, gene transcription and cell cycle progression. In this Cell Science at a glance article and accompanying poster, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the regulation of PKM2 expression, enzymatic activity, metabolic functions and subcellular location. We highlight the instrumental role of the non-metabolic functions of PKM2 in tumorigenesis and evaluate the potential to target PKM2 for cancer treatment.
Substitution of active-site His-223 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase and expression of the mutated lasB alleles in Escherichia coli show evidence for autoproteolytic processing of proelastase (1991)

The neutral metalloprotease elastase is one of the major proteins secreted into the culture medium by many Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Encoded by the lasB gene, the 33-kDa elastase is initially synthesized as a 53-kDa preproenzyme which is processed to the mature form via a 51-kDa proelastase intermediate. To facilitate studies on proteolytic processing of elastase precursors and on secretion, we developed systems for overexpression of lasB in Escherichia coli under the control of the inducible T7 and tac promoters. Although the 51-kDa proelastase form was detectable in E. coli under inducible conditions, most of the elastase produced under these conditions was found in an enzymatically active 33-kDa form. The amino-terminal sequence of the first 15 amino acid residues of this 33-kDa elastase species was identical to that of the mature P. aeruginosa enzyme, suggesting that processing was autocatalytic. To test this possibility, the codon in lasB encoding His-223, a presumed active-site residue, was changed to encode Asp-223 (lasB1) and Tyr-223 (lasB2). The effects of these mutations on enzyme activity and processing were examined. No proteolytic or elastolytic activities were detected in extracts of E. coli cells containing the lasB mutant alleles. Overexpression of the mutated lasB genes in E. coli resulted in the accumulation of the corresponding 51-kDa proelastase species. These were processed in vitro to the respective 33-kDa forms by incubation with exogenous purified elastase, without an increase in proteolytic activity. Molecular modeling studies suggest that the mutations have little or no effect on the conformation of the mutant elastases. In addition, wild-type elastase and the mutant proelastases were localized to the periplasm of E. coli. The present results confirm that His-223 is essential for elastase activity and provide evidence for autoproteolytic processing of proelastase.
A programmable built-in self-test core for embedded memories (2002)

Testing embedded memories is becoming an industry-wide concern with the advent of deep-submicron technology and system-on-chip applications. We present a prototype chip for a programmable built-in self-test (BIST) design that is used for testing embedded memories, especially DRAMs. The BIST chip supports various memory test algorithms by a novel controller and sequencer design. The area of the core circuit is about 1, 020/spl times/1, 020 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ using a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process, and the clock speed is over 100 MHz.
The compute cluster and other parallel programming models (1993)

The parallel processing requirements of many computer applications, such as machine vision, radar, solar, and signal processing, are reviewed. The major hardware architectural features in optimizing parallel processing performance (interconnect topology, memory locality, and synchronization facilities) are discussed. The various parallel processing models available are also discussed. These include job-level parallelism, data-level parallelism, algorithm-level parallelism, loop-level parallelism, and compute clusters.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Extending a structured document model with version control (2002)

The paper presents an approach to extend a structured document model with version control. It discusses how the characteristics of the version model used (L.G. Golendziner and C.S. Santos, 1995) fulfil the requirements of a document management application which handles structured documents. A very useful functionality supported is that documents can be managed using the current or specific versions of their components, thus allowing the user to define different strategies to keep the document history. The proposed approach also includes a notification mechanism to address the problem of keeping the references consistent when shared documents are used. The application is the GDOC document management system, which implements an innovative data model for storing documents in a relational database and handles them in an intranet.
A Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis algorithm for optimization and uncertainty assessment of hydrologic model parameters (2003)

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods have become increasingly popular for estimating the posterior probability distribution of parameters in hydrologic models. However, MCMC methods require the a priori definition of a proposal or sampling distribution, which determines the explorative capabilities and efficiency of the sampler and therefore the statistical properties of the Markov Chain and its rate of convergence. In this paper we present an MCMC sampler entitled the Shuffled Complex Evolution Metropolis algorithm (SCEM‐UA), which is well suited to infer the posterior distribution of hydrologic model parameters. The SCEM‐UA algorithm is a modified version of the original SCE‐UA global optimization algorithm developed by Duan et al. [1992] . The SCEM‐UA algorithm operates by merging the strengths of the Metropolis algorithm, controlled random search, competitive evolution, and complex shuffling in order to continuously update the proposal distribution and evolve the sampler to the posterior target distribution. Three case studies demonstrate that the adaptive capability of the SCEM‐UA algorithm significantly reduces the number of model simulations needed to infer the posterior distribution of the parameters when compared with the traditional Metropolis‐Hastings samplers.
Growing-up (habitually) barefoot influences the development of foot and arch morphology in children and adolescents (2017)

The development of the human foot is crucial for motor learning in children and adolescents as it ensures the basic requirements for bipedal locomotion and stable standing. Although there is an ongoing debate of the advantages and disadvantages of early and permanent footwear use, the influence of regular barefootness on foot characteristics in different stages of child development has not been extensively evaluated. A multicenter epidemiological study was conducted to compare the foot morphology between habitually barefoot children and adolescents (N = 810) to age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched counterparts that are used to wearing shoes. While controlling for confounders, we found that habitual footwear use has significant effects on foot-related outcomes in all age groups, such as a reduction in foot arch and hallux angles. The results indicate an impact of habitual footwear use on the development of the feet of children and adolescents. Therefore, growing up barefoot or shod may play an important role for childhood foot development, implying long-term consequences for motor learning and health later in life.
Rheological and flow birefringence studies of a shear‐thickening complex fluid—A surfactant model system (1993)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Yuntao Hu, S. Q. Wang, A. M. Jamieson; Rheological and flow birefringence studies of a shear‐thickening complex fluid—A surfactant model system. J. Rheol. 1 May 1993; 37 (3): 531–546. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.550458 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe Society of RheologyJournal of Rheology Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Incorporation of 1‐deoxy‐<scp>d</scp>‐xylulose into isoprene and phytol by higher plants and algae (1997)

In further substantiating the novel mevalonate-independent pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis, which generates isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) via 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate, labeling experiments with 1-[2H(1)]deoxy-D-xylulose were performed with various higher plants and algae: efficient incorporation was observed into isoprene emitted by Populus, Chelidonium, and Salix, into the phytol moiety of chlorophylls in a red alga (Cyanidium), in two green algae (Scenedesmus, Chlamydomonas), and a higher plant (Lemna). By contrast, 13C-mevalonate applied was incorporated into isoprene and phytol to a much lower extent or not at all. This demonstrates that this '1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate pathway' for biosynthesis of plastidic isoprenoids is widely distributed in photosynthetic organisms.
The VIP<sub>2</sub> receptor: Molecular characterisation of a cDNA encoding a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (1993)

We have cloned and sequenced a cDNA (RPR4) encoding a new member of the secretin/calcitonin/parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor family. RPR4 was identified by PCR of rat pituitary cDNA, and a full-length clone was isolated from a rat olfactory bulb cDNA library. When RPR4 was functionally expressed in COS 7 cells, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production was stimulated by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptides (PACAP-38 and PACAP-27) and helodermin, with equal potency. Peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) and rat growth hormone releasing hormone (rGHRH) also stimulated cAMP production at lower potency. This suggests that RPR4 encodes a novel VIP receptor which we have designated the VIP2 receptor. In situ hybridisation showed that mRNA for this receptor was present mainly in the thalamus, hippocampus and in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
The U.S. External Deficit: Its Causes and Persistence (1987)

This paper presents an empirical analysis of the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors underlying the causes and persistence of the U.S. external deficit in the 1980s. The paper begins with a review of the extensive literature on this subject, and then outlines an analytical framework that synthesizes several different approaches taken in previous studies. The proximate causes of the deficit are assessed using a partial-equilibrium model of the U.S. current account. We find that the decline in U.S. price competitiveness associated with the appreciation of the dollar over the first half of the decade was the dominant factor, while the excess of U.S. growth over growth abroad also contributed significantly. At a more fundamental level, drawing on average policy multipliers from a group of international macro models, the rise in the dollar and the growth gap that led to the deficit can be explained by the combination of a relatively restrictive U.S. monetary policy and expansive U.S. fiscal policy, along with fiscal contraction abroad. While the initial widening of the deficit can be adequately explained by macroeconomic factors, the deficit has adjusted substantially more slowly (particularly in real terms) to the fall in the dollar since early 1985 than conventional macro trade equations would predict. Analysis of the pricing behavior of foreign exporters, both in the aggregate and for a number of narrowly defined commodities, suggests that foreign profit margins have been squeezed more in response to the fall in the dollar than previously. Moreover, some foreign producers have benefited from significant reductions in production costs. Finally, quantitative restraints on U.S. trade appear to have slowed the adjustment of the trade balance to the decline in the dollar.
Nano-enabled bioanalytical approaches to ultrasensitive detection of low abundance single nucleotide polymorphisms (2015)

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) constitute the most common types of genetic variations in the human genome. A number of SNPs have been linked to the development of life threatening diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. The ability for ultrasensitive and accurate detection of low abundant disease-related SNPs in bodily fluids (e.g. blood, serum, etc.) holds a significant value in the development of non-invasive future biodiagnostic tools. Over the past two decades, nanomaterials have been utilized in a myriad of biosensing applications due to their ability of detecting extremely low quantities of biologically important biomarkers with high sensitivity and accuracy. Of particular interest is the application of such technologies in the detection of SNPs. The use of various nanomaterials, coupled with different powerful signal amplification strategies, has paved the way for a new generation of ultrasensitive SNP biodiagnostic assays. Over the past few years, several ultrasensitive SNP biosensors capable of detecting specific targets down to the ultra-low regimes (ca. aM and below) and therefore holding great promises for early clinical diagnosis of diseases have been developed. This mini review will highlight some of the most recent, significant advances in nanomaterial-based ultrasensitive SNP sensing technologies capable of detecting specific targets on the attomolar (10(-18) M) regime or below. In particular, the design of novel, powerful signal amplification strategies that hold the key to the ultrasensitivity is highlighted.
Diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS): features and potential applications in oncology (2008)

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) provides functional information and can be used for the detection and characterization of pathologic processes, including malignant tumors. The recently introduced concept of "diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression" (DWIBS) now allows acquisition of volumetric diffusion-weighted images of the entire body. This new concept has unique features different from conventional DWI and may play an important role in whole-body oncological imaging. This review describes and illustrates the basics of DWI, the features of DWIBS, and its potential applications in oncology.
Design, Modelling and Laboratory Testing of a Pipe Inspection Robot (2015)

Abstract This paper presents a design of a tracked in-pipe inspection mobile robot with an adaptive drive positioning system. The robot is intended to operate in circular and rectangular pipes and ducts, oriented horizontally and vertically. The paper covers a design process of a virtual prototype, focusing on track adaptation to work environment. A mathematical description of a kinematic model of the robot is presented. Operation of the prototype in pipes with a cross-section greater than 210 mm is described. Laboratory tests that validate the design and enable determination of energy consumption of the robot are presented.
A preliminary study of genes related to concomitant chemoradiotherapy resistance in advanced uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma (2013)

We have identified seven genes that are differentially expressed in concomitant chemoradiotherapy resistant and sensitive uterine cervical squamous cell carcinomas, which may represent primary predictors for this condition.
Functional modelling for target B-ISDN signalling (2003)

It is argued that, in order to meet the needs of future broadband ISDN (B-ISDN) telecommunication services and network architectures offering multimedia services, it is necessary to separate call control and bearer connection control in the functional model. The development of such a model, following a three-stage methodology, is described. The functional description (stage 2) is being derived from the service description (stage 1). By separating call and connection control, connections belonging to the same call can be routed through the network independently.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Attenuates Small Airway Remodeling in a Rat Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2014)

Our previous studies found that hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), an active ingredient in Carthamus tinctorius L., has anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of HSYA on small airway remodeling (SAR) in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rat model induced by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SAR is a common lesion in COPD characterized by thickening of the airway wall, mainly by subepithelial fibrosis. In this study the thickness of the small airway was determined by total wall area/basement membrane perimeter (WAt/Pbm). Collagen deposition of the small airway was assessed by Masson's trichrome staining. HSYA significantly attenuated the thickening and collagen deposition of the small airway and inhibited transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA and protein expression in COPD rat. In addition, HSYA inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in the lung tissue of rat. HSYA can attenuate experimentally induced airway remodeling and this attenuation may be attributed to suppression of TGF-β1 expression.
Characterization and integration of hollow cathode magnetron sputtered Ti/TiN with low pressure Al planarization (2002)

Ti-TiN deposited by hollow cathode magnetron (HCM) sputtering has been successfully integrated with the low pressure (LP) Al planarization process to replace collimated Ti as the wetting layer. The HCM Ti-TiN stack is an excellent Al wetting layer that is insensitive to contamination, provides a much wider process window, and reduces TiAl/sub x/ formation. It also promotes strongly oriented Al, which is superior to Al films on collimated Ti.
Biomarkers in prostate cancer (2014)

Several new tests, as discussed in this review, have become available during the last 2 years. Although the intended use of most of these tests is to distinguish PCa from benign prostatic conditions with better sensitivity and specificity than prostate-specific antigen, studies have shown that some of them may also be useful in the differentiation of aggressive from nonaggressive forms of PCa.
A recombinant single‐chain antibody fragment that neutralizes toxin II from the venom of the scorpion <i>Androctonus australis hector</i> (1999)

Monoclonal antibody 4C1 specifically binds to and neutralizes the most potent neurotoxin (AahII) of the scorpion Androctonus australis . The cDNAs encoding the variable regions of this antibody were isolated by PCR‐mediated cloning. A single‐chain Fv gene was engineered and expressed in Escherichia coli . The recombinant protein had neutralizing activity similar to that of the intact antibody in vitro and in vivo. We have thus neutralized the pharmacological and biological properties of a scorpion neurotoxin with a single‐chain Fv, which opens new perspectives for the treatment of envenomizations.
Liquid Phase Selective Hydrogenation of Citral over Bimetallic Transition Metal Catalysts (2011)

Silica supported bimetallic catalysts of Co-Ni, Ni-Cu and Cu-Co were prepared by deposition precipitation method, calcined at two different temperatures 475°C and 675°C. The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET surface area, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, thermogravimetry and XRD techniques. The XRD measurement of Ni–Cu/SiO2 catalyst has peaks due to CuO and NiO oxides. The catalytic activity and selectivity of these prepared catalysts towards liquid phase selective hydrogenation were studied. Amongst the studied catalysts, Co–Ni/SiO2 cacined at 475°C had presented higher selectivity in terms of citral towards unsaturated alcohols (geraniol and nerol) in a isopropanol solvent medium and 0.2% catalyst loading, at 90°C temperatures under 4 bar pressure with 750 rpm agitation.
Neuronale Netze als Signal- und Musterklassifikatoren / Neural networks as signal and pattern classifiers (1990)

Article Neuronale Netze als Signal- und Musterklassifikatoren / Neural networks as signal and pattern classifiers was published on December 1, 1990 in the journal tm - Technisches Messen (volume 57, issue JG).
Signal Design for Good Correlation (2005)

This book provides a comprehensive description of the methodologies and the application areas, throughout the range of digital communication, in which individual signals and sets of signals with favorable correlation properties play a central role. The necessary mathematical background is presented to explain how these signals are generated, and to show how they satisfy the appropriate correlation constraints. All the known methods to obtain balanced binary sequences with two-valued autocorrelation, many of them only recently discovered, are presented in depth. The authors treat important application areas including: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signals, such as those already in widespread use for cell-phone communication, and planned for universal adoption in the various approaches to 'third-generation'(3G) cell-phone use; systems for coded radar and sonar signals; communication signals to minimize mutual interference ('cross-talk') in multi-user environments; and pseudo-random sequence generation for secure authentication and for stream cipher cryptology.
Elevated glutamate and lactate predict brain death after severe head trauma (2017)

This early study suggests that glutamate and lactate concentrations at hospital admission accurately predict death within 3 days after severe TBI.
Civil Aircraft for the regular investigation of the atmosphere based on an instrumented container: The new CARIBIC system (2007)

Abstract. An airfreight container with automated instruments for measurement of atmospheric gases and trace compounds was operated on a monthly basis onboard a Boeing 767-300 ER of LTU International Airways during long-distance flights from 1997 to 2002 (CARIBIC, Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container, http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com). Subsequently a more advanced system has been developed, using a larger capacity container with additional equipment and an improved inlet system. CARIBIC phase #2 was implemented on a new long-range aircraft type Airbus A340-600 of the Lufthansa German Airlines (Star Alliance) in December 2004, creating a powerful flying observatory. The instrument package comprises detectors for the measurement of O3, total and gaseous H2O, NO and NOy, CO, CO2, O2, Hg, and number concentrations of sub-micrometer particles (>4 nm, >12 nm, and >18 nm diameter). Furthermore, an optical particle counter (OPC) and a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) are incorporated. Aerosol samples are collected for analysis of elemental composition and particle morphology after flight. Air samples are taken in glass containers for laboratory analyses of hydrocarbons, halocarbons and greenhouse gases (including isotopic composition of CO2) in several laboratories. Absorption tubes collect oxygenated volatile organic compounds. Three differential optical absorption spectrometers (DOAS) with their telescopes mounted in the inlet system measure atmospheric trace gases such as BrO, HONO, and NO2. A video camera mounted in the inlet provides information about clouds along the flight track. The flying observatory, its equipment and examples of measurement results are reported.