gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wideband microstrip array antenna with sidelobecancellation channels (1998)

An antenna array for wideband operation (up to 70%) is presented. The structure has low windloading area and consists of parallel printed circuit boards (PCB) with microstrip dipoles, feed network and metal fences placed between the PCBs. The low profile, low weight antenna array forms the main beam and three difference patterns for sidelobe cancellation. Experimental results are compared with calculations for both microstrip dipole and array.
The Catalytic Polymerization of Propylene (1933)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Catalytic Polymerization of PropyleneFrederick H. GayerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1933, 25, 10, 1122–1127Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1933Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1933https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50286a015https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50286a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views165Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Inhibitory Effects of Constituents from Morus alba var. multicaulis on Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells and Nitric Oxide Production in RAW264.7 Cells (2011)

A new arylbenzofuran, 3',5'-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-7-prenyl-2-arylbenzofuran (1), and 25 known compounds, including moracin R (2), moracin C (3), moracin O (4), moracin P (5), artoindonesianin O (6), moracin D (7), alabafuran A (8), mulberrofuran L (9), mulberrofuran Y (10), kuwanon A (11), kuwanon C (12), kuwanon T (13), morusin (14), kuwanon E (15), sanggenon F (16), betulinic acid (17), uvaol (18), ursolic acid (19), β-sitosterol (20), oxyresveratrol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (21), mulberroside A (22), mulberroside B (23), 5,7-dihydroxycoumarin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (24), 5,7-dihydroxycoumarin 7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (25) and adenosine (26), were isolated from Morus alba var. multicaulis Perro. (Moraceae). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods. The prenyl-flavonoids 11-14, 16, triterpenoids 17,18 and 20 showed significant inhibitory activity towards the differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The arylbenzofurans 1-10 and prenyl-flavonoids 11-16 also showed significant nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory effects in RAW264.7 cells.
Comparison of Induction, Maintenance, and Recovery Characteristics of Sevoflurane-N2O and Propofol-Sevoflurane-N2O With Propofol-Isoflurane-N2O Anesthesia (1992)

Induction of, maintenance of, and recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia were compared with propofol and isoflurane anesthesia when administered with nitrous oxide to patients undergoing gynecologic surgery. Seventy-five healthy (ASA I or II), consenting patients were randomly assigned to receive either (I) propofol for induction of anesthesia and isoflurane-nitrous oxide for maintenance (control), (II) propofol for induction and sevoflurane-nitrous oxide for maintenance, or (III) sevoflurane-nitrous oxide for induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Inhaled induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane-nitrous oxide was rapid (109 +/- 25 s to loss of consciousness) and without any untoward hemodynamic changes or episodes of coughing and laryngospasm. Mean arterial blood pressure after induction of anesthesia with propofol (71 +/- 11, 73 +/- 12 mm Hg for groups I and II, respectively) was lower than when sevoflurane (80 +/- 14 mm Hg) was used. The emergence time after discontinuation of isoflurane-nitrous oxide (6.7 +/- 2.2 min) was significantly longer than after propofol-sevoflurane-nitrous oxide or sevoflurane-nitrous oxide alone (4.1 +/- 2.2 and 4.0 +/- 2.0 min for groups II and III, respectively). However, later recovery events did not differ between groups. Serum fluoride levels increased after administration of sevoflurane but not isoflurane. The levels of fluoride ions correlated with the degree of exposure to sevoflurane in MAC-hours. In conclusion, induction of anesthesia with either propofol or sevoflurane-nitrous oxide was rapid and without significant side effects. Emergence and early recovery after maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane-nitrous oxide was significantly faster than that after an isoflurane-nitrous oxide combination.
Classification and tracking of dynamic objects with multiple sensors for autonomous driving in urban environments (2008)

Future driver assistance systems are likely to use a multisensor approach with heterogeneous sensors for tracking dynamic objects around the vehicle. The quality and type of data available for a data fusion algorithm depends heavily on the sensors detecting an object. This article presents a general framework which allows the use sensor specific advantages while abstracting the specific details of a sensor. Different tracking models are used depending on the current set of sensors detecting the object. A sensor independent algorithm for classifying objects regarding their current and past movement state is presented. The described architecture and algorithms have been successfully implemented in Tartan racingpsilas autonomous vehicle for the urban grand challenge. Results are presented and discussed.
Water Pollution Control: A Task for Technology (1972)

This article covers the history and mythology of water pollution—its origins and attitudes toward it. It then moves to present-day water pollution, its components and causes, giving examples of pollution and its control in the modern world. Various technological solutions are discussed.
A Droplet Generator with Electronic Control of Size, Production Rate, and Charge (1972)

A droplet generator has been developed which can produce small droplets one at a time, in groups with adjustable time intervals between droplets or in a continuous stream with controllable production rates of up to 100 per second for the smallest size. Size, charge, and time of production as well as horizontal position at the time the droplet is made may be changed electronically from droplet to droplet. Droplets are produced with nine adjustable and overlapping size ranges covering radii from 4 to 130μ. An application is described where one droplet generator is used in a cloud physics study of collisions between pairs of droplets of unequal size and charge.
Performance Trade-offs in Weight Quantization for Memory-Efficient Inference (2019)

Over the past decade, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) trained using Deep Learning (DL) frameworks have become the workhorse to solve a wide variety of computational tasks in big data environments. To date, DL DNNs have relied on large amounts of computational power to reach peak performance, typically relying on the high computational bandwidth of GPUs, while straining available memory bandwidth and capacity. With ever increasing data complexity and more stringent energy constraints in Internet-of-Things (IoT) application environments, there has been a growing interest in the development of more efficient DNN inference methods that economize on random-access memory usage in weight access. Herein, we present a systematic analysis of the performance trade-offs of quantized weight representations at variable bit length for memory-efficient inference in pre-trained DNN models. In this work, we vary the mantissa and exponent bit lengths in the representation of the network parameters and examine the effect of DropOut regularization during pre-training and the impact of two different weight truncation mechanisms: stochastic and deterministic rounding. We show drastic reduction in the memory need, down to 4 bits per weight, while maintaining near-optimal test performance of low-complexity DNNs pre-trained on the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets. These results offer a simple methodology to achieve high memory and computation efficiency of inference in DNN dedicated low-power hardware for IoT, directly from pre-trained, high-resolution DNNs using standard DL algorithms.
<i>Ab initio</i> computational investigation of physisorption of molecular hydrogen on achiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (2005)

Using relatively approximated methods, physisorption of molecular hydrogen on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) as a mechanism to develop hydrogen storage systems has been only partially investigated in literature. Here, we use ab initio molecular-orbital theory, at benchmark quality level, to provide a more complete description about the mentioned mechanism. Physisorption inside and outside achiral-armchair and zigzag-SWCNTs, in the range of diameters from about 6 A-chiral vectors (5,5) and (8,0)-to more than 30 A-chiral vectors (30,30) and (40,0)-was examined. Perpendicular, longitudinal, and transversal configurations, with the hydrogen molecule centered on an aromatic ring, were taken into account. SWCNTs were modeled as curved coronenelike (C24H12) graphene sheets. Local modeling strategies, using more complete basis sets for the adsorbate and for the nearest atoms to the adsorbate than for the lion's share of the substrate, at the Moller-Plesset second-order correlation level, were selected for numerical treatment. Basis-set superposition errors were corrected by means of the counterpoise method of Bois and Bernardi. It was found that physisorption of molecular hydrogen on SWCNTs would depend mainly on the diameter being virtually independent of the chirality. Lowest physisorption energies, up to 20% less than that on planar graphene, would be reached outside nanotubes in the range of diameters of 6-10 A. For hydrogen storage purposes, highest physisorption energies, up to 40% greater than that on planar graphene, but not more, would be reached inside nanotubes in the relatively narrow range of diameters of 10-20 A. Finally, for diameters from 20 A onwards physisorption of molecular hydrogen on SWCNTs would be in the range of +/-10% of that on planar graphene. To our knowledge, this would be the most complete and realistic theoretical investigation of the target physisorption mechanism to date.
Cofilin/Twinstar Phosphorylation Levels Increase in Response to Impaired Coenzyme A Metabolism (2012)

Coenzyme A (CoA) is a pantothenic acid-derived metabolite essential for many fundamental cellular processes including energy, lipid and amino acid metabolism. Pantothenate kinase (PANK), which catalyses the first step in the conversion of pantothenic acid to CoA, has been associated with a rare neurodegenerative disorder PKAN. However, the consequences of impaired PANK activity are poorly understood. Here we use Drosophila and human neuronal cell cultures to show how PANK deficiency leads to abnormalities in F-actin organization. Cells with reduced PANK activity are characterized by abnormally high levels of phosphorylated cofilin, a conserved actin filament severing protein. The increased levels of phospho-cofilin coincide with morphological changes of PANK-deficient Drosophila S2 cells and human neuronal SHSY-5Y cells. The latter exhibit also markedly reduced ability to form neurites in culture--a process that is strongly dependent on actin remodeling. Our results reveal a novel and conserved link between a metabolic biosynthesis pathway, and regulation of cellular actin dynamics.
The structure of basic zinc OO-dialklyl phosphorodithioates (1965)

A. J. Burn and G. W. Smith, Chem. Commun. (London), 1965, 394 DOI: 10.1039/C19650000394
Morphologic findings in "zero-hour" biopsies of renal transplants. (1991)

The extreme lack of renal grafts for transplantation stimulated us to analyze how strict the selection criteria of kidney donors must be. We investigated therefore if preexisting lesions in renal grafts influence initial and late renal function. 147 zero-hour biopsies of 101 donors (mean age 33, from 6-64 years) were examined. By ligh microscopy 38% of biopsies showed no, 44% showed nonspecific and 18% specific lesions. Nonspecific lesions comprised intimal fibrosis of small arteries in 44%, interstitial fibrosis in 8% and an arteriolar hyalinosis in 29%. Out of 102 immunohistologically examined biopsies 74.5% showed nonspecific IgM/C3 deposits in glomeruli and/or arterioles. An age dependent decrease of normal renal biopsies was found which was most evident in donors older than 40 years. Specific findings consisted of glomerulosclerosis (n = 4), glomerulonephritis (n = 11), intravascular coagulation (n = 10) and eclamptic kidney (n = 1). In case of nonspecific immunohistologic findings and in glomerulonephritis rebiopsies showed that antigen deposits usually disappeared within 4 months. Independent of morphologic findings 82% of transplant recipients had a good initial and late renal function. Since donor age, glomerulosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, intravascular coagulation or eclamptic changes seem not to compromise renal function after transplantation a more liberal choice of donors should be considered.
Precipitation Characteristics of Aluminium-Lithium Alloys (1971)

The structural ageing characteristics of aluminium alloys containing 2 and 4 wt.-% lithium are reported. One transition phase (AI3Li, δ′) occurs in the alloy system and time-temperature-transformation curves have been determined for this phase and the equilibrium precipitate. Strengthening in these alloys is associated with δ′ precipitation, the peak hardness increment occurring in the 2% alloy after ageing for 24 h at 200°C (473K). Thin-film electron microscopy was used to confirm the ordered L12-typestructure of the δ′ and to study the precipitate size and distribution over a range of ageing temperatures. At low temperatures the δ′, which has a spherical morphology, is very fine (∼ 0.01 μm at 100°C, 373K) and resists coarsening. Above 200°C (473 K) coarsening is rapid and the process has been analysed using the Lifshits-Wagner theory. The δ′ interfacial energy was estimated to be ∼ 240 erg/cm2 (0.24 J/m2) and the lattice mismatch 0.18%. At and below 60°C (333K), ageing is accompanied by an increase in electrical resistivity; this has been interpreted as a result of electron scattering from very small ordered particles of δ′.
Restriction in Cell Fates of Developing Spinal Cord Cells Transplanted to Neural Crest Pathways (1996)

At early neural tube stages, individual stem cells can generate neural crest cells as well as dorsal or ventral spinal cord cells. To determine whether this pluripotency is lost as development proceeds, we back-transplanted quail spinal cells from different developmental stages and different spinal locations into the crest migratory pathways of st 16-20 chicken host embryos. The transplanted spinal cells from st 27 dorsal cord and st 18 ventral cord differentiated within the new crest environment into sensory and sympathetic neurons, satellite and Schwann cells, and melanocytes. St 27 ventral cells still generated several crest derivatives but not sensory or sympathetic neurons. This loss in ability to produce neurons correlates with the end of neurogenesis in ventral cord. The end of neurogenesis in the cord, therefore, results from an intrinsic change in the potential of spinal neuroepithelial cells to generate neurons.
High glucose induces adipogenic differentiation of muscle-derived stem cells (2008)

Regeneration of mesenchymal tissues depends on a resident stem cell population, that in most cases remains elusive in terms of cellular identity and differentiation signals. We here show that primary cell cultures derived from adipose tissue or skeletal muscle differentiate into adipocytes when cultured in high glucose. High glucose induces ROS production and PKCbeta activation. These two events appear crucial steps in this differentiation process that can be directly induced by oxidizing agents and inhibited by PKCbeta siRNA silencing. The differentiated adipocytes, when implanted in vivo, form viable and vascularized adipose tissue. Overall, the data highlight a previously uncharacterized differentiation route triggered by high glucose that drives not only resident stem cells of the adipose tissue but also uncommitted precursors present in muscle cells to form adipose depots. This process may represent a feed-forward cycle between the regional increase in adiposity and insulin resistance that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.
Environmental cDNA analysis of the genes involved in lignocellulose digestion in the symbiotic protist community of Reticulitermes speratus (2007)

To clarify the lignocellulolytic process of the lower termite symbiotic protistan system, we constructed a cDNA library from an as yet uncultivated symbiotic protist community of the lower termite Reticulitermes speratus. The library was constructed by the biotinylated CAP trapper method and analyzed by one-pass sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of actin orthologs confirmed that the resulting library reflected the intact organismal and mRNA composition of the symbiotic system. The contents of the library included abundant numbers of lignocellulolytic genes of the glycosyl hydrolase family orthologs (families 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 26, 43, 45 and 62). Our results clearly indicated that a multiple family of glycosyl hydrolase enzymes was involved in the protistan cellulose degradation system. The data also suggested that the most extensively expressed enzyme was glycosyl hydrolase family 7, a cellobiohydrolase ortholog. This family of enzymes enables the degradation of crystalline cellulose, the principal component of wood biomass.
The Lateral Line Organs of the Shovel-Nose Sturgeon, Distribution and Innervation (1924)

The findings of Allis ('04) are verified for the most part. Two series of lateral line sense organs are represented: canal organs and sensory pits ("nerve sacs"). There is a very close correspondence with the Paddlefish in the arrangement of the canals and the grouping of the sensory pits.
The FAME Speech-to-Speech Translation System for Catalan, English, and Spanish. (2005)

This paper describes the evaluation of the FAME interlingua-based speech-to-speech translation system for Catalan, English and Spanish. This system is an extension of the already existing NESPOLE! that translates between English, French, German and Italian. This article begins with a brief introduction followed by a description of the system architecture and the components of the translation module including the Speech Recognizer, the analysis chain, the generation chain and the Speech Synthesizer. Then we explain the interlingua formalism used, called Interchange Format (IF). We show the results obtained from the evaluation of the system and we describe the three types of evaluation done. We also compare the results of our system with those obtained by a stochastic translator which has been independently developed over the course of the FAME project. Finally, we conclude with future work.
The Reaction of 2-(β-Cyanoethyl)-2-Ethylhexanal with Grignard Reagents (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of 2-(β-Cyanoethyl)-2-Ethylhexanal with Grignard ReagentsNORMAN RABJOHN, M. J. LATINA, and L. V. PHILLIPSCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1956, 21, 3, 285–287Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01109a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01109a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemistry of dioxiranes. 6. Electronic effects in the oxidation of sulfides and sulfoxides by dimethyldioxirane (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of dioxiranes. 6. Electronic effects in the oxidation of sulfides and sulfoxides by dimethyldioxiraneRobert W. Murray, Ramasubbu Jeyaraman, and M. Krishna PillayCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 5, 746–748Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00381a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00381a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views430Altmetric-Citations88LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
The dehydrogenases of <i>Bacterium coli.</i> (1934)

IN a previous paper of this series [Yudkin, 1933] it was shown that the reduction time of a quantity of methylene blue by a washed suspension of Bact. coli in the presence of a substrate depended on the interaction of several factors. These were: