gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Network-on-Chip (NoC) Topologies and Performance: A Review (2011)

With the development of integration technology, System-on-Chip (SoC), composed of heterogeneous cores on a single chip, has entered the billion-transistor era. As the microprocessor industry moves from single-core to multi-core, and eventually to many-core architectures, containing tens to hundreds of similar cores arranged on a single multiprocessor chip requires efficient communication among processors. A highperformance, flexible, scalable, and design-friendly interconnection architecture is highly desired for modern SoC and microprocessor designs. How to provide efficient communication poses a challenge to both academia and industry. Before the advent of Network-on-Chip (NoC), interconnection architectures were usually based on dedicated wires or shared buses. However, they cannot meet the ever-increasing demand from the onchip systems due to the lack of scalability. NoC has been proposed as a highly structured and scalable solution to address the communication problems in on-chip systems. NoC has several advantages over dedicated wiring and buses, e.g., highbandwidth, low-latency, low-power consumption and scalability. Messages are transported back and forth via the interconnection networks. Thus, the interconnections among multiple cores on a chip have a significant impact on communication and performance of the chip design in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput, and packets loss ratio. Therefore, it is worthwhile studying the different characteristics of different topologies. In this paper, we review the most popular topologies and also some recent topologies for interconnection networks. We study their performance and summarize their strengths and limitations.
Computer system for determining trends in controlled-substance discrepancies (1991)

Journal Article Computer system for determining trends in controlled-substance discrepancies Get access Lucy S. Hazebrook, M.S., Lucy S. Hazebrook, M.S. Assistant Director of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinic (UWHC), Madison Address reprint requests to Ms. Hazebrook at the University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, 600 Highland Avenue, F6/133, Madison, WI 53792 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thomas W. Ross, M.S., Thomas W. Ross, M.S. Pharmacy Supervisor Department of Pharmacy, H. Lee Moffet Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Pamela A. Ploetz Pamela A. Ploetz Associate Director of Pharmacy Department of Pharmacy, UWHC Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 48, Issue 6, 1 June 1991, Pages 1262–1264, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/48.6.1262 Published: 01 June 1991
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Valence States Produced by Ion-Sputtering Reduction (1972)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurements of various valence states of Fe and Cu in several compounds using ion-sputtering reduction are presented, and the potential usefulness of this time-dependent and in situ method is discussed.
Imaging Breast Density: Established and Emerging Modalities (2015)

Mammographic density has been proven as an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Women with dense breast tissue visible on a mammogram have a much higher cancer risk than women with little density. A great research effort has been devoted to incorporate breast density into risk prediction models to better estimate each individual's cancer risk. In recent years, the passage of breast density notification legislation in many states in USA requires that every mammography report should provide information regarding the patient's breast density. Accurate definition and measurement of breast density are thus important, which may allow all the potential clinical applications of breast density to be implemented. Because the two-dimensional mammography-based measurement is subject to tissue overlapping and thus not able to provide volumetric information, there is an urgent need to develop reliable quantitative measurements of breast density. Various new imaging technologies are being developed. Among these new modalities, volumetric mammographic density methods and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging are the most well studied. Besides, emerging modalities, including different x-ray-based, optical imaging, and ultrasound-based methods, have also been investigated. All these modalities may either overcome some fundamental problems related to mammographic density or provide additional density and/or compositional information. The present review article aimed to summarize the current established and emerging imaging techniques for the measurement of breast density and the evidence of the clinical use of these density methods from the literature.
Combined immunochemotherapy of human solid tumors in nude mice. (1987)

In vivo immunochemotherapy of human solid tumors was studied in a nude mouse model. Large tumors (3 to 6 cm3) were induced by s.c. injection of the acute lymphoblastic leukemia T-cell line CEM. Transient tumor inhibition could be achieved by intratumoral injection of an intact-ricin immunotoxin that specifically recognizes a determinant CD5 (T,p67) expressed on the cell surface. Injection of the in vitro active cyclophosphamide congener mafosfamid had little effect on the progression of tumor growth. A combination regimen of immunotoxin and mafosfamid induced the most dramatic antitumor effect; a 72 to 100% reduction in tumor volume was observed within 3 to 4 days posttreatment. However, tumors relapsed within 5 to 13 days. Persistent, tumor regression was observed only when protocols using successive injections of combined immunotoxin/mafosfamid were used. All seven mice undergoing this treatment had a precipitous decrease in tumor size, and 86% survived greater than 30 days posttreatment. No residual tumor was detectable on Day 30 in five of seven mice. Regression was partly attributed to the selective activity of immunotoxin, since successive injections of an irrelevant control immunotoxin coupled to ricin in combination with mafosfamid did not reduce tumor size. Thus, we have demonstrated that a combination of anticancer chemotherapy and immunotoxin therapy yielded a greater antitumor effect than either therapy alone.
A new synthesis of peptides from azides and unactivated carboxylic acids (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new synthesis of peptides from azides and unactivated carboxylic acidsJeffrey Zaloom, Michael Calandra, and David C. RobertsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 14, 2601–2603Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00214a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00214a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views392Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Immunoaffinity purification of alpha 1-protease inhibitor from human plasma]. (1990)

A single-step procedure is described for isolation of alpha 1-inhibitor of proteases (alpha 1-IP) from human blood plasma using affinity chromatography on immunosorbent containing monoclonal antibodies against alpha 1-IP. Activity of the alpha 1-IP preparation, estimated by means of specific trypsin inhibition, was increased 61.1-fold after the chromatography, with a yield of the end product 20%. The preparation of alpha 1-IP obtained exhibited electrophoretic and immunochemical homogeneity.
CAD of microstrip antennas for wireless applications (1996)

From the Publisher:
The recent explosion in commercial applications involving RF and microwave systems (e.g. mobile telephones) is fueling customer demand for small, low-cost, easy-to-use systems. It's also driving innovations in antenna technology. This how-to book explains why microstrip antennas are the ideal low-profile, low-cost solution for these commercial applications and provides the information and tools necessary to design them. Included are:

 A brief description of microstrip antennas, pertinent terminology, plus analysis and modeling techniques to sharpen your insight into the operation of various elements and arrays
 Step-by-step coverage of the design of various single-element radiators, including rectangular, circular, broadband, and CP patches. Interaction between design parameters and antenna performance is also discussed
 An in-depth explanation of simple array design, including performance and calculations, types of array architectures, and specific design aspects
 Discussion of advanced feeding techniques that provide increased design flexibility and
performance

This book comes bundles with an IBM PC-compatible diskette containing 18 stand-alone computer programs and a user-friendly guide showing sample design cases and expected results to assist in the analysis and design of specific microstrip antennas and arrays. 

The design approaches, techniques, and nearly 280 equations presented here are essential information for design engineers and engineering managers involved in the design of antennas and RF/microwave circuits. This technical reference helps you develop an intuitive understanding of microstrip antenna operations - andmaster the steps necessary to create more effective designs. Product line managers and marketing managers also find this information valuable when assessing the applicability of microstrip antennas in current and future product lines.
Supercoiled fibres of self-sorted donor–acceptor stacks: a turn-off/turn-on platform for sensing volatile aromatic compounds (2016)

To ensure the comfortable survival of living organisms, detection of different life threatening volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as biological metabolites and carcinogenic molecules is of prime importance. Herein, we report the use of supercoiled supramolecular polymeric fibres of self-sorted donor-acceptor molecules as "turn-off/turn-on" fluorescent sensors for the detection of carcinogenic VOCs. For this purpose, a <i>C</i><sub>3</sub>-symmetrical donor molecule based on oligo(<i>p</i>-phenylenevinylene), <b><i>C</i><sub>3</sub>OPV</b>, and a perylene bisimide based acceptor molecule, <b><i>C</i><sub>3</sub>PBI</b>, have been synthesized. When these two molecules were mixed together in toluene, in contrast to the usual charge transfer (CT) stacking, supramolecular fibres of self-sorted stacks were formed at the molecular level, primarily driven by their distinct self-assembly pathways. However, CT interaction at the macroscopic level allows these fibres to bundle together to form supercoiled ropes. An interfacial photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process from the donor to the acceptor fibres leads to an initial fluorescence quenching, which could be modulated by exposure to strong donor or acceptor type VOCs to regenerate the respective fluorescence of the individual molecular stacks. Thus, strong donors could regenerate the green fluorescence of <b><i>C</i><sub>3</sub>OPV</b> stacks and strong acceptors could reactivate the red fluorescence of <b><i>C</i><sub>3</sub>PBI</b> stacks. These supercoiled supramolecular ropes of self-sorted donor-acceptor stacks provide a simple tool for the detection of donor- or acceptor-type VOCs of biological relevance, using a "turn-off/turn-on" fluorescence mechanism as demonstrated with <i>o</i>-toluidine, which has been reported as a lung cancer marker.
Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial of Acupuncture with Electric Stimulation and Acupuncture-like Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation for Lumbago. (2001)

【背景】本邦での鍼に関するランダム化比較試験の試みは数少なく、対照群に鍼治療以外の治療法をおいた研究はほとんどない。本邦において、医療制度の中に鍼灸が位置付いてゆくためには、質の高い臨床研究の結果が求められている。今回の臨床試験はこのような状況を踏まえ鍼を受療することの多い「腰痛症」を対象として行われた。【目的】「腰痛症」に対する低周波鍼通電療法の有効性および安全性を経皮的電気刺激法を対照としたランダム化比較試験により検討する。本試験は1995年9月から1996年6月にかけて瀬踏み的になされた第1期の研究を引き継ぐ第2期に相当する探索的なもので, 第3期の確認的な試験へ向けてのデータ収集の意味を持つ。【対象および方法】下肢症状がなく、発症から2週間以上経過した腰痛患者を対象に低周波鍼通電療法 (A群) と経皮的電気刺激法 (T群) の多施設ランダム化比較試験とした。観察期間は2週間、治療回数は5回とした。通電は各群とも1 Hzで15分間行った。【結果】目標症例数の80例に対して71例の応募者があり、68例が封筒法によりA群とT群に割付けられ、最終的にはA群の31例とT群の33例が解析の対象となった。背景因子として、年齢、罹病期間などには両群間に有意差はみられなかったが、性別、鍼治療経験の有無、経皮的電気刺激法の経験の有無には有意差がみられた。疼痛スケール (以下「VAS」とする) は最終時でA群は5.3±3.0に、T群は5.9±3.4に軽減した。また、主要評価項目であるVASをもとにした痛み改善度の効果判定では、A群は13/31例 (41.9%) に改善がみられ、T群では10/33例 (30.3%) に改善がみられた。さらに、副次的評価項目である日本整形外科学会腰痛治療成績判定基準 (以下「JOAスコア」とする) は初診時14.5±3.0点、T群は15.0±2.8点であったが、最終時では15.9±2.0点と15.8±2.6点であった。しかし、A群とT群の両群問では、VAS及びVASをもとにした痛み改善度JOAスコアにおいて統計学的な有意差はみられなかった。【考察】プロトコールに沿ってデータの収集が行われたことは中央委員会の設立によるところが大きいと考える。目標症例数に達しなかったことは、臨床試験に対する患者の理解が低いことや参加施設のおかれている立地条件が考えられるが、患者募集の仕方にも工夫をしてみる必要があると思われる。また、鍼の効果を立証していくためには介入の方法や評価項目などについて検討していく必要があると思われた。【結論】腰痛症に対するA群とT群との間には有効性の差はみられなかった。第3期へ向けての基礎的データが収集された。
Aluminum Plates for Thin Layer Chromatography. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAluminum Plates for Thin Layer Chromatography.Fred. SnyderCite this: Anal. Chem. 1963, 35, 4, 599Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60197a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (154 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Water body extraction in urban region from high resolution satellite imagery with near-infrared spectral analysis (2009)

Water body information is very important for urban planning and environment improving. Extracting water body information from the satellite images such as MODIS images, Spot images, Radarsat SAR images and LANDSAT TM images has been explored by some researchers. However, extracting water body information from high resolution satellite images is still a problem because of the shade effect of buildings in urban area. The color of the calm water surface is similar to the shadows and it is difficult to distinguish between water body and shadows from satellite imagery. With Near-Infrared Spectral Analysis of IKONOS imagery, we present a new method to extract water body and make distinctions between the water body and the shadows. We employ existing knowledge for extracting water body information by image analysis at first, then the dark objects is extracted by a object-oriented operation from the high resolution satellite image. Near-infrared spectral analysis is developed to remove the building shadows from the dark objects extracted. Two NIR indexes are combined to remove the shadows. The experiments show that the main water body, such as artificial lake and rivers can be extracted effectively from IKONOS imagery with the method presented in this paper.
A role for alpha-synuclein in the regulation of dopamine biosynthesis. (2002)

The alpha-synuclein gene is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Although alpha-synuclein function is uncertain, the protein has homology to the chaperone molecule 14-3-3. In addition, alpha-synuclein can bind to 14-3-3, and both alpha-synuclein and 14-3-3 bind to many of the same proteins. Because 14-3-3 binds to and activates tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine (DA) biosynthesis, we explored whether alpha-synuclein also bound to tyrosine hydroxylase and influenced its activity. Immunoprecipitation revealed an interaction between alpha-synuclein and tyrosine hydroxylase in brain homogenates and MN9D dopaminergic cells. Colocalization of alpha-synuclein with tyrosine hydroxylase was confirmed by immunoelectron microscopy. To explore the consequences of the interaction, we measured the effect of recombinant alpha-synuclein on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in a cell-free system and observed a dose-dependent inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase by alpha-synuclein. To measure the impact of alpha-synuclein on tyrosine hydroxylase in dopaminergic cells, we stably transfected MN9D cells with wild-type or A53T mutant alpha-synuclein. Overexpression of wild-type or A53T mutant alpha-synuclein did not significantly alter tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels in our stably transfected cells. However, overexpressing cell lines had significantly reduced tyrosine hydroxylase activity and a corresponding reduction in dopamine synthesis. The reduction in cellular dopamine levels was not caused by increased dopamine catabolism or dopamine efflux. These data suggest that alpha-synuclein plays a role in the regulation of dopamine biosynthesis, acting to reduce the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase. If so, a loss of soluble alpha-synuclein, by reduced expression or aggregation, could increase dopamine synthesis with an accompanying increase in reactive dopamine metabolites.
Sensing and recognition of rigid objects using structured light (1988)

Word directed toward the development of a vision system for bin picking of rigid 3D objects is reported. Any such system must have components for sensing, feature extraction, modeling, and matching. A structured light system which attempts to deliver a rich 2/sup 1///sub 2/D representation of the scene is described. Surface patches are evident as connected sets of stripes whose 3D coordinates are computed by means of triangulation and constraint propagation. Object edges are detected by the intersection of surface patches or by backprojecting image edges to intersect with the patches. Two matching paradigms are given for drawing correspondence between structures in the scene representation and structures in models. Three major contributions are reported: a method for sensing object surface patches without having to solve uniquely for stripe labels; the use of both an intensity image and a striped image, allowing scenes to be represented by detected edges along with 3D surface patches; and a pose-clustering algorithm, a uniform technique to accumulate matching evidence for recognition while averaging out substantial errors of pose.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Catharanthus Alkaloids. XXXIV. Catharanthamine, A New Antitumor Bisindole Alkaloid From Catharanthus roseus (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatharanthus Alkaloids. XXXIV. Catharanthamine, A New Antitumor Bisindole Alkaloid From Catharanthus roseusAly El-Sayed and Geoffrey A. CordellCite this: J. Nat. Prod. 1981, 44, 3, 289–293Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 July 2004Published inissue 1 May 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/np50015a009https://doi.org/10.1021/np50015a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views328Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
8F-6 Inexpensive Acoustoelectric Hydrophone For Measuring High Intensity Ultrasound Fields (2007)

We describe an inexpensive alternative to conventional hydrophones used to map an ultrasonic beam pattern. Instead of relying on piezo materials to detect pressure, these hydrophones depend on a bias current flowing through a conductive material. According to the well-described acoustoelectric (AE) effect, as a pressure wave interacts with a current field, a voltage is generated. We exploit this principal to design and test a variety of disposable hydrophones composed of common laboratory supplies. Designs varied primarily by the shape and material of their conductive layer, such as graphite or saline gel. The hydrophone was used to map the beam pattern of a 540-khz annular transducer and compared with a conventional fiber optic hydrophone. The detected AE signal was amplified, high-pass filtered and captured using a fast 12-bit acquisition board. The hydrophone in the form of a bowtie and composed of a thin layer of graphite on a paper substrate accurately reproduced the beam pattern and spectrum of the ultrasound transducer with decent sensitivity less than 50 kPa. The detected AE signal at 2 MPa was proportional to the applied bias current (2.90 muV/mA). The axial and lateral resolutions (5.2 and 4.1 mm, respectively) were both within 200 mum of the values obtained from a less sensitive fiber optic hydrophone. The disposable AE hydrophone may be an attractive alternative for clinical applications that require close monitoring of high intensity acoustic fields.
Porous Spinel Zn<sub><i>x</i></sub>Co<sub>3–<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>4</sub> Hollow Polyhedra Templated for High-Rate Lithium-Ion Batteries (2014)

Nanostructured metal oxides with both anisotropic texture and hollow structures have attracted considerable attention with respect to improved electrochemical energy storage and enhanced catalytic activity. While synthetic strategies for the preparation of binary metal oxide hollow structures are well-established, the rational design and fabrication of complex ternary metal oxide with nonspherical hollow features is still a challenge. Herein, we report a simple and scalable strategy to fabricate highly symmetric porous ternary ZnxCo3-xO4 hollow polyhedra composed of nanosized building blocks, which involves a morphology-inherited and thermolysis-induced transformation of heterobimetallic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks. When tested as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, these hollow polyhedra have exhibited excellent electrochemical performance with high reversible capacity, excellent cycling stability, and good rate capability.