gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selection of Antibody Fragments by Yeast Display (2012)

The critical need for renewable, high-quality affinity reagents in biological research, as well as for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, has required the development of new platforms of discovery. Yeast display is one of the main methods of in vitro display technology with phage display. Yeast display has been chosen by numerous groups to refine both affinity and specificity of antibodies because it enables fine discrimination between mutant clones of similar affinity. In addition, the construction of display libraries of antibody fragments in yeast permit to sample the immune antibody repertoire more fully than using phage. This chapter gives an updated overview of the available systems of yeast display platforms and libraries, followed up by technical descriptions of selection methods of antibody fragments by yeast display.
Remediation of a VOC‐contaminated superfund site using soil vapor extraction, groundwater extraction, and treatment: A case study (1994)

Abstract A case history of remedial action taken at the primary contaminant source area within the Verona Well Field Superfund Site in Battle Creek, Michigan. Included is a site description, a description of the soil and groundwater treatment systems, plus a summary of the lessons learned through six years of active remediation.
Two-phase charge-coupled shift registers (1972)

Experimental results on the operation of two-phase charge-coupled shift registers, made in the form of polysilicon gates overlapped by aluminum gates, will be presented.
Assessment of collagen genes involved in fragmented medial coronoid process development in Labrador Retrievers as determined by affected sibling-pair analysis (2006)

Because siblings share 50% of their genome at random, the fact that the percentages of allele sharing among the analyzed collagen genes were not significantly > 50% indicates that these genes are not determinant candidates for FCP in Labrador Retrievers. The gene for the vitamin D receptor could also be excluded because of its proximity to COL2A1.
Precoding and Downlink Beamforming in Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Cognitive Radio Systems With Spatial Interference Constraints (2017)

This paper presents optimal sum-rate precoding and beamforming strategies, to enable serving multiple and single data streams per user, respectively, for multi-user MIMO-OFDM based interweave cognitive radio (CR) networks. The proposed schemes maximize the rate of the CR users subject to spatial interference constraints. Initially, a beamforming scheme is derived for a multiuser CR scenario. A framework is also presented for regularized secondary user (SU) beamforming followed by an iterative procedure to compute the optimal value of the regularization parameter based on decomposition into convex subproblems. For a multiuser CR scenario with multiple receive antennas at each user, a scheme is proposed for the downlink interference limited block diagonalization and power allocation considering both the absence and presence of channel state information (CSI) of the primary user. SU rate maximization for MIMO-OFDM scenarios is also considered with CSI uncertainty, for both stochastic and worst case CSI uncertainty models. Finally, in order to multiplex several CR users with a limited number of base-station antennas, a paradigm is also introduced for coordinated secondary user beamforming. Simulation results demonstrate the improved performance of the various proposed multiuser MIMO-OFDM CR transmission schemes.
pH-Responsive Polysaccharide-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes As Nanocarriers for Lysosomal Delivery of Therapeutic Proteins (2011)

Nanopharmaceutics composed of a carrier and a protein have the potential to improve the activity of therapeutical proteins. Therapy for lysosomal diseases is limited by the lack of effective protein delivery systems that allow the controlled release of specific proteins to the lysosomes. Here we address this problem by developing functional polyelectrolyte-based nanoparticles able to promote acidic pH-triggered release of the loaded protein. Trimethyl chitosan (TMC) was synthesized and allowed to form polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) with the lysosomal enzyme α-GAL through self-assembly and ionotropic gelation, with average particle size <200 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) <0.2, ζ potential of ∼ 20 mV, and a protein loading efficiency close to 65%. These polyelectrolyte nanoparticles were stable and active under physiological conditions and able to release the enzyme at acidic pH, as demonstrated by in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM). These nanoparticles were further functionalized with Atto 647N for single-particle characterization and tracking their cellular uptake and fate using high-resolution fluorescence microscopy. In contrast with their precursor, TMC, PECs were efficiently internalized by human endothelial cells and mostly accumulated in lysosomal compartments. The superior physicochemical characteristics of the TMC/α-GAL PECs together with their excellent cellular uptake properties indicate their enormous potential as advanced protein delivery systems for the treatment of lysosomal storage diseases.
Joint inversion of surface and three-component borehole magnetic data (2000)

Abstract The inversion of magnetic data is inherently non- unique with respect to the distance between the source and observation locations. This manifests itself as an ambiguity in the source depth when surface data are inverted and as an ambiguity in the distance between the source and boreholes if borehole data are inverted. Joint inversion of surface and borehole data can help to reduce this nonuniqueness. To achieve this, we develop an algorithm for inverting data sets that have arbitrary observation locations in boreholes and above the surface. The algorithm depends upon weighting functions that counteract the geometric decay of magnetic kernels with distance from the observer. We apply these weighting functions to the inversion of three-component magnetic data collected in boreholes and then to the joint inversion of surface and borehole data. Both synthetic and field data sets are used to illustrate the new inversion algorithm. When borehole data are inverted directly, three-component data are far more useful in constructing good susceptibility models than are single-component data. However, either can be used effectively in a joint inversion with surface data to produce models that are superior to those obtained by inversion of surface data alone.
An integrated review on new targets in the treatment of neuropathic pain (2019)

Neuropathic pain is a complex chronic pain state caused by the dysfunction of somatosensory nervous system, and it affects the millions of people worldwide. At present, there are very few medical treatments available for neuropathic pain management and the intolerable side effects of medications may further worsen the symptoms. Despite the presence of profound knowledge that delineates the pathophysiology and mechanisms leading to neuropathic pain, the unmet clinical needs demand more research in this field that would ultimately assist to ameliorate the pain conditions. Efforts are being made globally to explore and understand the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for somatosensory dysfunction in preclinical pain models. The present review highlights some of the novel molecular targets like D-amino acid oxidase, endoplasmic reticulum stress receptors, sigma receptors, hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels, histone deacetylase, Wnt/β-catenin and Wnt/Ryk, ephrins and Eph receptor tyrosine kinase, Cdh-1 and mitochondrial ATPase that are implicated in the induction of neuropathic pain. Studies conducted on the different animal models and observed results have been summarized with an aim to facilitate the efforts made in the drug discovery. The diligent analysis and exploitation of these targets may help in the identification of some promising therapies that can better manage neuropathic pain and improve the health of patients.
EFFICACY OF THE β3-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR AGONIST CL-316243 ON EXPERIMENTAL BLADDER HYPERREFLEXIA AND DETRUSOR INSTABILITY IN THE RAT (2001)

These data suggest that activating the beta3-adrenergic receptor in rat bladder using CL-316243 may directly inhibit smooth muscle contractility, experimental hyperreflexia and detrusor instability, and be useful for urge urinary incontinence.
Frame synchronization failure: detection and recovery (1991)

Two problems concerning synchronization for DS1 extended superframe format digital transmission are analyzed. The first problem is to determine how long it will be before synchronization is perceived as being lost given the probability of a bit being in error. The second problem is a special case of the first problem in reverse: given that a synchronization failure has been detected, how long ago did the synchronization really fail? It is shown that a critical parameter for both of the problems is window size, i.e., the number of framing bits that are used to track synchronization. Numerical results and a possible application of the first problem are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review article: abdominal bloating and distension in functional gastrointestinal disorders – epidemiology and exploration of possible mechanisms (2007)

Summary Background A sensation of abdominal bloating, sometimes accompanied by an increase in girth (distension), is one of the most common and most intrusive features of functional bowel disorders. Aim To conduct a systematic, evidence‐based review of the epidemiology and pathophysiology of abdominal bloating and its relationship to distension. Methods The terms bloating, distension, functional bowel, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation and diarrhoea were searched on MEDLINE up to 2006. References from selected articles and relevant abstracts were also included. Results Approximately 50% of irritable bowel syndrome patients with bloating also experience an increase in abdominal girth and this is more pronounced with constipation than diarrhoea. Bloating appears to be more frequently associated with visceral hypersensitivity, whereas distension is more often related to hyposensitivity and delayed transit. Although there is little evidence for excessive gas as a cause of bloating, gas infusion studies suggest that handling of gas may be impaired in irritable bowel syndrome and there may also be abnormal relaxation of the anterior abdominal musculature in these patients. Conclusions There is unlikely to be a single cause for bloating and distension, which probably have different, but overlapping, pathophysiological mechanisms. Relieving constipation might help distension, but the treatment of bloating may need more complex approaches involving sensory modulation.
Work function of indium tin oxide transparent conductor measured by photoelectron spectroscopy (1996)

We used ultraviolet and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and (UPS) techniques to directly measure absolute values of vacuum work function of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films. We obtained a work function of 4.4–4.5 eV which is lower than the commonly cited value. These values do not change substantially by heating and Ar ion sputtering. The atomic concentrations of each element in ITO, measured with XPS, are also quite stable under heat treatment and ion sputtering.
A 3V 12-55MHz BiCMOS Continuous-Time Filter with Pseudo-Differential Structure (1995)

In this paper a 3V 2nd order lowpass continuous-time filter is presented. The filter is based on a highly linear pseudo-differential transconductor. The input common-mode signal is cancelled at the transconductor level using a feed-forward path. The output common-mode voltage is controlled at the filter level using lossy-integrators. A prototype cell has been realized in 1.2?BiCMOS technology. The pole frequency can be tuned in the range 12-55MHz. A THD of ?40dB is achieved for signals up to lVpp at 10MHz. The dynamic range is approximately 60dB.
Expression of the interleukin-4 receptor   in human conjunctival epithelial cells (2010)

HCjECs expressed functioning IL-4Ralpha, and IL-4 stimulation induced the expression of several genes.
Adverse reactions to oral contraceptives. Report of a case of cholestasis. (1970)

A case report of cholestasis as an adverse reaction to the oral contraceptive (OC) Ovulen-28 was presented. A 22-year-old married Caucasian female was first seen at an outpatient clinic with itching over her entire body as her only complaint. She had been taking the OC for approximately 3 months. Abnormal laboratory results were direct serum bilirubin 9.25 (0-.4 normal) indirect 7 (.4-.8 normal) Lee White coagulation time 11.5 minutes (5-10 normal) serum glutamic transaminase 280 units (0-28 normal) alkaline phosphatase 72 IU (. 9-35 normal) and Bromsulphalein retention 54% (up to 5% normal). Physical examination revealed evidence of pruritus and jaundice which cleared completely 3 weeks after discontinuation of the OC. All laboratory tests were within normal limits approximately 3 1/2 months later.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Reactions of the Chloromethyl trans‐β‐Styryl Sulfone Carbanion. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Elastic anisotropy of shales (2011)

Accompanying the resource potential of gas shales is a new interest in understanding the physical and petrophysical properties of shales. Shale by geochemical or stratigraphic measures is arguably the most common lithology encountered in sedimentary basins. Despite this, shales remain little studied while engineers and explorationists focused on conventional reservoirs. Geophysicists did this knowing full well that often a reflection coefficient from a reservoir was controlled by the shale properties of the cap rock. We compensated for this ignorance by arguing that shales are deposited in deepwater environments in which lateral and vertical changes are slow and therefore inconsequential. We further compounded this ignorance by assuming that the shales were isotropic. An example of the consequences of this ignorance was clearly documented by Margesson and Sondergeld (1999). Engineers share culpability for this ignorance too, since most of the drilling problems occur in shales and most of the lithologies drilled through to reach the target reservoirs are shales; however, shales were rarely sampled unless a problem was encountered. Shales are now universally recognized as being anisotropic. Laboratory measurements are key to defining symmetries and magnitudes of anisotropy and indicate that “weak anisotropy” (defined here to be less than 10% in VP and VS) is the exception and not the rule.
Plasma fibronectin concentrations in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. (1990)

Plasma fibronectin (PFN) concentrations were assessed in 21 patients with AIDS, in seven with AIDS-related complex (ARC), in 17 asymptomatic seropositive patients, and in 36 age and sex matched healthy control subjects. A single radial immunodiffusion technique was used to determine PFN concentration. A significant decrease in PFN concentrations was observed in patients with ARC and AIDS (especially in those patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis). On the other hand, normal PFN concentrations were observed in asymptomatic seropositive patients. The determination of PFN concentration in patients with AIDS and ARC may contribute to the diagnosis of such patients.
Recent advances in the study of fine-scale population structure in humans (2016)

Empowered by modern genotyping and large samples, population structure can be accurately described and quantified even when it only explains a fraction of a percent of total genetic variance. This is especially relevant and interesting for humans, where fine-scale population structure can both confound disease-mapping studies and reveal the history of migration and divergence that shaped our species' diversity. Here we review notable recent advances in the detection, use, and understanding of population structure. Our work addresses multiple areas where substantial progress is being made: improved statistics and models for better capturing differentiation, admixture, and the spatial distribution of variation; computational speed-ups that allow methods to scale to modern data; and advances in haplotypic modeling that have wide ranging consequences for the analysis of population structure. We conclude by outlining four important open challenges: the limitations of discrete population models, uncertainty in individual origins, the incorporation of both fine-scale structure and ancient DNA in parametric models, and the development of efficient computational tools, particularly for haplotype-based methods.
An Enzyme Immunoassay for Neopterin and Biopterin Using a Microtitre Plate Linked with N <sup>2</sup> -(3-Aminopropyl) Derivatives of Pteridines (1990)

Summary A novel and sensitive enzyme immunoassay for neopterin and biopterin using a microtitre plate has been developed. The antiserum against neopterin or biopterin was incubated with samples prepared from human urine or rat tissues, and was placed in a well of microtitre plate, where N 2 -(3-aminopropyl) derivative of neopterin or biopterin was kinked by poly-L-Iysine and glutaraldehyde. The antibody, which did not form the immunocomplex with the hapten in the sample, was bound to the fixed hapten on the plate, and then was measured with anti rabbit IgG and peroxidase anti-peroxidase complex. The detection limits of these pterins were both 0.1 pmol. The specificity of the assay was so high that this assay system with employing anti-neopterin antiserum completely distinguished neopterin from biopterin, as judged from the cross reactivity (0.002%) and vice versa. The amounts of neopterin and biopterin in human urine and rat tissues measured by the present assay showed a good agreement with those determined by high performance liquid chromatography.
Performance evaluation of Cascade ALU architecture for asynchronous super-scalar processors (2002)

Current out-of-order architectures have the critical path in the memory structure. Since the memory access delay mainly consists of wire delays, the feature size reduction will make little contribution to the critical path reduction. Therefore, the performance of the out-of-order architecture will not improve in spite of an expected advance in future technologies. To solve this problem, we present a novel architecture, called the Cascade ALU architecture, in which the critical path lies in the ALU. Since the ALU latency mainly consists of gate delays, the cycle time can be reduced with feature size reduction. In the Cascade ALU architecture, the instruction execution latency varies depending on executed instructions. Thus, an asynchronous implementation is suitable for the Cascade ALU. Since asynchronous handshake overhead may be too large to enhance the processor performance with the Cascade ALU, we show a method for hiding the handshake overhead, based on the fine-grain pipelining. Finally, we show the evaluation results that demonstrate the Cascade ALU architecture can achieve a good performance scalability in the ALU latency reduction.
Enhanced Oil Recovery by Hot CO2 Flooding (2007)

Abstract Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques helps to recover residue oil after Primary and secondary recovery of reservoir. This paper deals with a new Carbon Di Oxide (CO2) EOR technique, "HOT CO2" which includes combination of thermal and solvent techniques where miscibility and viscosity reduction are primary concern. In the proposed method CO2 will be superheated above the reservoir temperature to reduce the oil viscosities at the same time partially mix with crude oil which improves oil mobility. Heavy Oil field-Bati Raman from Turkey which is under CO2 Flooding, after the application of HOT CO2 flooding theoretical calculation shows it reduces the viscosity and partially mix with oil to increase the swelling factor which ultimately increase the recovery factor comparative with the CO2 flooding. Thus the screening criteria for HOT CO2 Flooding can now include highly viscous oil and covers wide variety of reservoirs which was not possible with CO2 flooding earlier. For the injection of HOT CO2 a special surface facility requires to prevent corrosive and thermal effect. Before implementation of HOT CO2 flooding method simulation model work, laboratory work and pilot field test are necessary areas to work. HOT CO2 flooding should be preferred absence of any major fault makes this technique more effective. "HOT CO2 flooding" will going to be one the best option for EOR in future.
OBSERVATION-BASED FINE GRAINED ACCESS CONTROL FOR RELATIONAL DATABASES (2010)

Fine Grained Access Control (FGAC) provides users the access to the non-confidential database information while preventing unauthorized leakage of the confidential data. It provides two extreme views to the database information: completely public or completely hidden. In this paper, we propose an Observation-based Fine Grained Access Control (OFGAC) mechanism based on the Abstract Interpretation framework where data are made accessible at various level of abstraction. In this setting, unauthorized users are not able to infer the exact content of a cell containing confidential information, while they are allowed to get partial information out of it, according to their access rights. Different level of sensitivity of the information correspond to different level of abstraction. In this way, we can tune different parts of the same database content according to different level of abstraction at the same time. The traditional FGAC can be seen as a special case of the OFGAC framework.
Virtual Source Panning Using Multiple-Wise Vector Base In The Multispeaker Stereo Format (2011)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Barcelona, Spain, 2011
Endothelial permeability and IL-6 production during hypoxia: role of ROS in signal transduction (1999)

Prolonged hypoxia produces reversible changes in endothelial permeability, but the mechanisms involved are not fully known. Previous studies have implicated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokines in the regulation of permeability. We tested whether prolonged hypoxia alters permeability to increasing ROS generation, which amplifies cytokine production. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers were exposed to hypoxia while secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 was measured. IL-6 and IL-8 secretion increased fourfold over 24 h in a pattern corresponding to changes in HUVEC permeability measured by transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Addition of exogenous IL-6 to normoxic HUVEC monolayers caused time-dependent changes in TEER that mimicked the hypoxic response. An antibody to IL-6 significantly attenuated the hypoxia-induced changes in TEER (86 +/- 4 vs. 63 +/- 3% with hypoxia alone at 18 h), whereas treatment with anti-IL-8 had no effect. To determine the role of hypoxia-induced ROS on this response, HUVEC monolayers were incubated with the antioxidants ebselen (50 microM) and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC, 1 mM) before hypoxia. Antioxidants attenuated hypoxia-induced IL-6 secretion (13 +/- 2 pg/ml with ebselen and 19 +/- 3 pg/ml with NAC vs. 140 +/- 15 pg/ml with hypoxia). Ebselen and NAC prevented changes in TEER during hypoxia (94 +/- 2% with ebselen and 90 +/- 6% with NAC vs. 63 +/- 3% with hypoxia at 18 h). N-nitro-L-arginine (500 microM) did not decrease hypoxia-induced changes in dichlorofluorescin fluorescence, IL-6 secretion, or TEER. Thus ROS generated during hypoxia act as signaling elements, regulating secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines that lead to alterations of endothelial permeability.