gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrating Fiber Optic Vibration Sensor (1989)

The physical phenomenon behind the sensor described in this paper is related to the modulation of the speckle pattern, at the output end of a multimode fiber illuminated by coherent light, when the fiber is mechanically or acoustically disturbed. This effect is observed either when highly multimode fibers or two-mode fibers are used. In the latter case a demodulation technique is proposed to restore a signal proportional to the acoustical excitation
Properties of chemically deposited Cu2S films on porous silicon (1997)

The electrical and optical properties of Cu2S films, deposited on porous Si from a chemical bath, are presented. Annealing of the deposited film in air, at an optimized temperature of 150 °C, is shown to be essential to get films with the lowest values of electrical resistivities. The film is more than 60% transparent in the wavelength range of 600–1200 nm. Films deposited on porous Si produce Schottky-like diodes. The best diode characteristics are obtained after annealing the film at 150 °C. The diodes show both photoresponse and electroluminescence properties. Luminescence from porous Si, with a top coating of annealed Cu2S, is about 70% of that obtained when no coating was applied.
A Five-Watt Ten-Megacycle Transistor (1958)

A 5-watt, 10-mc, silicon power transistor has been developed. The device, made by solid-state diffusion, uses the intrinsic-barrier structure. Although primarily designed as a 5-watt, 10-mc oscillator, some laboratory samples have delivered as much as one watt of power when used as oscillators at 100 mc. As an amplifier at 10 mc, a unilateral gain in excess of 20 db is obtained at the 5-watt output level. The design, static characteristics, characterization in terms of an equivalent circuit, and performance data are given.
Efficient Graph Generation with Graph Recurrent Attention Networks (2019)

We propose a new family of efficient and expressive deep generative models of graphs, called Graph Recurrent Attention Networks (GRANs). Our model generates graphs one block of nodes and associated edges at a time. The block size and sampling stride allow us to trade off sample quality for efficiency. Compared to previous RNN-based graph generative models, our framework better captures the auto-regressive conditioning between the already-generated and to-be-generated parts of the graph using Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) with attention. This not only reduces the dependency on node ordering but also bypasses the long-term bottleneck caused by the sequential nature of RNNs. Moreover, we parameterize the output distribution per block using a mixture of Bernoulli, which captures the correlations among generated edges within the block. Finally, we propose to handle node orderings in generation by marginalizing over a family of canonical orderings. On standard benchmarks, we achieve state-of-the-art time efficiency and sample quality compared to previous models. Additionally, we show our model is capable of generating large graphs of up to 5K nodes with good quality. To the best of our knowledge, GRAN is the first deep graph generative model that can scale to this size. Our code is released at: https://github.com/lrjconan/GRAN.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin: From the Bench to the Orthopedic Patient (1997)

ABSTRACTStandard heparin is widely used for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism; however, it has several limitations including variable dose response, dose-dependent clearance and inhibition of platelet function. To overcome these disadvantages, standard heparin, which is composed of glycosaminoglycans of various molecular weights, has been fractionated into its low-molecular-weight component. Low-molecularweight heparin (LMWH) exhibits less binding to plasma proteins and endothelial cells than standard heparin resulting in a more predictable dose response profile, a dose-independent mechanism of clearance and a longer plasma half-life. LMWH also has a lower binding affinity for platelets and produces less microvascular bleeding. Evidence from randomized clinical trials demonstrates that LMWH is effective in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in high-risk orthopedic patients. There is also considerable evidence of its efficacy and safety in the initial treatment of proximal DVT. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of home treatment with LMWH, which offers the advantage of greater clinical utility compared with current antithrombotic regimens and hence the possibility of cost savings.
Ventilation of rain-wear determined by a trace gas method (1988)

This book chapter is made available in this repository with permission of Taylor & Francis. Full acknowledgement must be given to the original source, with full details of figure/page numbers, title, author(s), publisher and year of publication. Many Taylor & Francis and Routledge books are now available as eBooks: www.tandf.co.uk; www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.
Catalytic hydrosilylation of diene-based polymers. 1. Hydrosilylation of polybutadiene (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCatalytic hydrosilylation of diene-based polymers. 1. Hydrosilylation of polybutadieneXiangyao Guo, Rajeev Farwaha, and G. L. RempelCite this: Macromolecules 1990, 23, 24, 5047–5054Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00226a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00226a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views725Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Coupled Glass Nanopore Counting Toward Sensitive and Specific Nucleic Acid Testing (2019)

Solid-state nanopores have shown great promise and achieved tremendous success in label-free single-molecule analysis. However, there are three common challenges in solid-state nanopore sensors, including the nanopore size variations from batch to batch that makes the interpretation of the sensing results difficult, the incorporation of sensor specificity, and the impractical analysis time at low analyte concentration due to diffusion-limited mass transport. Here, we demonstrate a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-coupled glass nanopore counting strategy that could effectively address these challenges. By using the glass nanopore in the counting mode (versus the sizing mode), the device fabrication challenge is considerably eased since it allows a certain degree of pore size variations and no surface functionalization is needed. The specific molecule replication effectively breaks the diffusion-limited mass transport thanks to the exponential growth of the target molecules. We show the LAMP-coupled glass nanopore counting has the potential to be used in a qualitative test as well as in a quantitative nucleic acid test. This approach lends itself to most amplification strategies as long as the target template is specifically replicated in numbers. The highly sensitive and specific sensing strategy would open a new avenue for solid-state nanopore sensors toward a new form of compact, rapid, low-cost nucleic acid testing at the point of care.
Analysis of cationic and amphoteric surfactants I. Determination of their homolog distributions by gas chromatography on the basis of the Hofmann degradation (1977)

Abstract A method (DMF‐Methylate method) has been described for the homolog analysis of cationic and amphoteric surfactants having a quaternary am‐monium group. The homolog distribution of cationic and amphoteric surfactants obtained by the DMF‐Methylate method closely agrees with that of the original alkyldimethylamines used. Therefore, the DMF‐Methylate method should be applicable to the homolog analysis of these surfactants. This method also offers qualitative information for the identifica‐tion of these surfactants, since the ratio of the α‐olefin to the alkyldimethylamine varies with each sur‐factant. On the basis of the analysis of the elimina‐tion products, it was confirmed that the main degra‐dation process was the elimination of a β‐hydrogen atom. This mechanism is different from that of the pyrolysis gas chromatography, which will be dis‐cussed elsewhere (S. Takano, M. Kuzukawa, and M. Yamanaka, in preparation).
Influence of Protein Level and Quality on the Growth and Development of Yearling Foals3 (1979)

Sixty-eight Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse yearlings were used in three trials in consecutive years to study the influence of protein intake and quality on growth and development. Weight and body measurements were taken at the start of the experiments and at 28-day intervals. The yearlings were housed in drylots, individually fed concentrates to appetite twice daily and group fed Coastal Bermudagrass hay at a rate of 1% of body weight (BW). Yearlings consuming a concentrate that contained 17.7% crude protein (CP) and .77% lysince on a dry matter basis consumed more feed (P<.05) than yearlings consuming a concentrate that contained 14.8% CP and .58% lysine. This increased feed intake was accompanied by small but nonsignificant increases in weight, height and girth. Blood cell counts and hemoglobin were not influenced by protein intake. Replacing oats and most of the soybean meal (SBM) with brewers dried grains (BDG) did not alter feed or protein intake but decreased weight (P<.05), height (P<.05), girth (P<.05) and length (P<.10) gains. Supplementation of concentrates containing BDG with lysine resulted in increased weight gain and feed efficiency (P<.05) after 140 days on the experiment. These responses were still apparent by the end of the trial (217 days) but differences were not significant (P>.05). The SBM-fed foals had greater height gains at 112 and 168 days (P<.05) of the trial. This advantage was still evident at the end of the trial but differences were not significant (P>.05). Results of these trials suggest that Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse yearlings that consumed 2.54 to 2.64 kg of air dry feed per 100 kg BW and 3 g CP/kg BW/day gained at near maximum rates if the protein provided at least 38 to 40 g of lysine per day.
An isotachophoretic analysis of the interaction of bilirubin and biliverdin with bovine serum albumin (1985)

Abstract The binding sites of non‐defatted and fatty acid‐free bovine serum albumin for bilirubin and biliverdin were investigated by means of analytical capillary isotachophoresis. In addition, the effect of oleic acid on the binding of bilirubin was examined with the same analytical tool. Albumin‐bilirubin complexes with increasing molar ratios of bilirubin can be identified as a separately migrating zone adjacent to the zone of free bilirubin. At pH 9 there are 3–4 high‐affinity binding sites for bilirubin and, possibly, several weaker binding sites. Fatty acid‐free and non‐defatted albumin exhibit almost identical binding properties with regard to bilirubin. Under the same conditions non‐defatted albumin shows only one high‐affinity binding site for biliverdin. The analysis of fatty acid‐free albumin‐biliverdin complexes reveals additional weak binding sites, which indicates that the physiological loading of albumin with ligands interferes only with the low‐affinity binding of biliverdin. At sufficiently high concentrations, oleic acid even competes for the first high‐affinity binding site of bovine serum albumin for bilirubin. There is a linear relationship between the zone length and the molar concentrations of free ligands (bilirubin, biliverdin). The differential binding characteristics of bilirubin and biliverdin indicate that the reduction of biliverdin yields a molecule which has a higher affinity for albumin; this, however, results in an inferior water solubility at physiological pH values. Owing to high resolution and quantification, capillary isotachophoresis is a powerful tool for screening endogenous and exogenous compounds with regard to their effect on the bilirubin transport capacity of albumin.
A variation-aware low-power coding methodology for tightly coupled buses (2005)

This paper describes a novel low-power coding methodology for buses. Ultra deep submicron technology and system-on-chip have resulted in a considerable portion of power consumption on buses, in which the major sources of the power consumption are the transition activities on the signal lines and the coupling capacitances of the lines. In addition, we enter an era of considering variation of the effective coupling capacitances. We address power reduction including these phenomena by using variable length coding. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our methodology.
Co-relation of high serum ammonia levels with severity of hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease patients (2014)

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain disorder caused by chronic liver failure, particularly in alcoholics with cirrhosis, which results in cognitive, psychiatric, and motor impairments. In these patients, the number of functional liver cells is reduced, and some blood is diverted around the liver before toxins are removed. As a result, toxins such as ammonia and manganese can accumulate in the blood and enter the brain, where they can damage nerve cells and supporting cells called astrocytes.
I. A unified analysis of converters with resonant switches. II. Input-current shaping for single-phase AC-DC power converters (1988)

Part I: Quasi-resonant converters are a family of single-switch resonant dc-dc converters featuring zero-current or zero-voltage switching. Recognition of the topological structure uniting these resonant converters--and the rectangular-wave (PWM) converters on which they are based--leads to general models of their dc and low-frequency ac behavior. An expression is derived that yields the dc conversion ratio of a quasi-resonant converter in terms of the well-known conversion ratio of the underlying PWM topology. A small-signal, low-frequency dynamic model is developed whose parameters also incorporate the PWM conversion ratio. The dc and ac models reveal that any quasi-resonant converter with a full-wave resonant switch has dc and low-frequency behavior identical to that of its PWM parent, with switching-frequency control replacing duty-ratio control. Converters with half-wave resonant switches behave more like PWM converters in discontinuous conduction mode or with current programming, exhibiting lossless damping in the small-signal model and output resistance at dc. Although quasi-resonant converters come in an astounding variety of topologies, the dc (and to a large extent ac) behavior of these converters depends only on the underlying PWM topology and the class of resonant switch, and is unchanged by movement of the resonant reactances to various alternative positions. Part 2: The distorted input-current waveforms of nonlinear electronic loads cause interference and lead to poor utilization of the utility power line, a situation that is rapidly becoming intolerable with the increased application of electronic loads. Input-current shaping, also known as power-factor improvement, addresses the problem of improving current waveforms drawn from the power line. This study is restricted to single-phase ac-dc power conversion systems. Current-shaping circuits are shown to fall into just a few categories with common features and limitations. In addition to the more common buck- and boost-based current-shaping converters, a class of circuits with automatic current shaping is presented and analyzed. A set of rules is derived for determining whether a particular dc-dc converter topology is suitable for use as a current-shaping ac-dc converter, and the rules are used to judge the suitability of several resonant converter topologies for this application. A new, low-cost converter is suggested that combines input-current shaping, isolation, and fast output-voltage regulation. Input-current shaping requires that a converter store significant energy, leading to unfortunate size and weight restrictions. Additional implications of stored energy are examined, along with several methods of reducing the energy storage. It is shown that the ability of a current-shaping converter to regulate its output voltage is severely restricted as a result of the energy requirement. The methods and implications of introducing isolation to a shaping ac-dc converter are also studied.
Dynamic e-service composition in DySCo (2002)

Until recently, the Internet was dominated by Web sites and store-fronts. We have now entered the next Internet evolution: e-services. E-services are modular, nimble electronic services that perform work, achieve tasks or complete transactions. The first step to turn an existing asset or service into an e-service revolves around accessibility. The virtualisation of the service provides communication channels that support automated conversational capabilities. The format of the service description allows automated discovery and enables automated negotiation on contractual terms and parameters. The second step towards the realisation of the full potential for the e-service vision focuses instead on composition and interaction orchestration. Beyond business conversations for point interactions, e-services can expose complete interaction processes. A service delivery is no longer a one-to-one (buyer-to-seller) relationship, but it now triggers the dynamic creation of business networks. In this paper, we first give a feeling about the e-service vision. We then propose a service model based on the ideas of functional incompleteness, multi-party orchestration and dynamic service composition. A prototype based on the proposed model, called DySCo (Dynamic Service Composition) is presented.
Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in Patients With Primary Brain Tumors (1991)

All histologically documented episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult patients with primary brain tumors treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, since 1981, were retrospectively reviewed. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was histologically documented 11 times in 10 patients. During the same 8-year interval, approximately 587 adults were seen at the center for a brain tumor, 90% of whom received ongoing therapy. Therefore, in at least 1.7% (10/587) of our patients with brain tumors, P carinii pneumonia developed. The median duration of dexamethasone therapy at the onset of P carinii pneumonia symptoms was 2.75 months. Symptoms began during tapering of steroid therapy in eight episodes. Bronchoscopy was diagnostic in the eight cases in which it was performed. Four episodes (40%) were fatal. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis may be indicated in some patients with brain tumors, especially during tapering of steroid therapy.
Drug Release Characteristics of P(AA-co-DMAA)/SA Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels (2011)

P(AA-co-DMAA) superporous drug-loaded hydrogels containing berberine hydrochloride were prepared by dispersion polymerization in foam system with acrylic acid (AA) and N,N-dimethyl acrylamide (DMAA) as monomers. Then sodium alginate (SA) as the second network was added to the system, and P(AA-co-DMAA)/SA interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels were formed. The effects of pH value, reaction time between SA and glutaric dialdehyde (GA), the concentration of SA and GA on release behavior of berberine hydrochloride were discussed. The FT-IR spectra showed that P(AA-co-DMAA)/SA IPN hydrogels were synthesized successfully. The inverted fluorescence micrograph of P(AA-co-DMAA)/SA showed that some part of the superporous structures were still retained.The cumulative release proﬁles showed that the release rates were slightly higher in pH=6.8 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) than the one in pH=1 HCl solution. The release rate was the slowest in distilled water, only 7.3% within 24h. When the reaction time between SA and GA was shortened, the release speed of berberine hydrochloride became faster. The pore size of P(AA-co-DMAA) hydrogels was reduced with the concentration of SA and GA increased, and the release rate decreased due to the more dense network structures.
Connexins in the Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular Nodes (2006)

The sinoatrial node (SAN) and the atrioventricular node (AVN) are specialized tissues in the heart: the SAN is specialized for pacemaking (it is the pacemaker of the heart), whereas the AVN is specialized for slow conduction of the action potential (to introduce a delay between atrial and ventricular activation during the cardiac cycle). These functions have special requirements regarding electrical coupling and, therefore, expression of connexin isoforms. Electrical coupling in the center of the SAN should be weak to protect it from the inhibitory electrotonic influence of the more hyperpolarized non-pacemaking atrial muscle surrounding the SAN. However, for the SAN to be able to drive the atrial muscle, electrical coupling should be strong in the periphery of the SAN. Consistent with this, in the center of the SAN there is no expression of Cx43 (the principal connexin of the working myocardium) and little expression of Cx40, but there is expression of Cx45 and Cx30.2, whereas in the periphery of the SAN Cx43 as well Cx45 is expressed. In the AVN, there is a similar pattern of expression of connexins as in the center of the SAN and this is likely to be in large part responsible for the slow conduction of the action potential.
Directing Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles at Water/Oil Interfaces (2004)

Finding the right angle: The contact angle of nanoparticles at the water/oil interface can be engineered close to 90° by capping with ligands containing carboxylic ester terminal groups. This drives the nanoparticles to self-assemble into close-packed films (see picture), and thus provides the opportunity to create two- or three-dimensional homo- or heterogeneous nanostructures for electronic, optoelectrical, and magnetic applications.