gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal Immunoassay of Triazine Herbicides (1990)

This paper summarizes a three-laboratory effort to develop a sensitive, reliable enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for triazine herbicides using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Simazine and atrazine haptens with mercaptopropionic acid and aminohexanoic acid spacers were synthesized and conjugated to proteins via N-hydroxysuccinimide active esters. MAbs derived from mice immunized with these conjugates had I50 values of 3 ppb to 4 ppm for various triazines in standard and simazine-enzyme conjugate competition EIAs. The EIAs are compatible with simplified methods for triazine extraction and concentration from soil and water. The limit of detection for atrazine was approximately 0.05 to 0.1 ppb, similar to that obtained with gas chromatography. EIA and GC results agreed closely for 75 groundwater samples, with no "false negatives." Gas-liquid chromatography and EIA data for simazine in 48 soil extracts had a correlation of 0.97. The EIA has also been used to monitor groundwater from beneath a toxic waste pit and water from agricultural evaporation ponds.
Feasibility and Safety of Autologous Myoblast Transplantation in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (2005)

Successful autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation into infarcted myocardium in a variety of animal models has demonstrated improvement in cardiac function. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of transplanting autologous myoblasts into infarcted myocardium of patients undergoing concurrent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or left ventricular assist device implantation (LVAD). In addition, we sought to gain preliminary information on graft survival and any potential improvement of cardiac function. Eighteen patients with a history of ischemic cardiomyopathy participated in a phase I, nonrandomized, multicenter pilot study of autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation concurrent with CABG or LVAD implantation. Twelve patients with a history of previous myocardial infarction (MI) and a left ventricular ejection of less than 30% were enrolled in the CABG arm. In a second arm, six patients underwent LVAD implantation as a bridge to heart transplantation and were required to donate their heart for testing at the time of heart transplant. Myoblasts were successfully transplanted in all patients without any acute injection-related complications or significant long-term unexpected adverse events. Follow-up PET scans showed new areas of viability within the infarct scar in CABG patients. Echocardiography measured an average improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 25% to 34%. Histological evaluation in four out of five patients who underwent heart transplantation documented survival and engraftment of the skeletal myoblasts within the infarcted myocardium. These interim results demonstrate survival, feasibility, and safety of autologous myoblast transplantation and suggest that this modality may offer a potential therapeutic treatment for end-stage heart disease.
A Practical Guide to Life Cycle Assessment of Buildings (2012)

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an internationally recognised and standardised (International Standards Organisation 1997) approach for assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production. LCA is seen as the only method for evaluating and comparing alternatives, based on the environmental performance over the life of the alternative: that is, from material extraction through to use and disposal. This note aims to provide an overview of how LCA is being applied in the building area, and to give practical guidance on using LCA and other life cycle approaches. It has been updated to include a discussion on the latest trends, data quality, data availability and tools for the built environment. This note was originally published in November 2002 and titled GEN 51. Its authors were Tim Grant and Dominique Hes. It was based on the Greening the Building Life Cycle project of 2000-2001, funded by Environment Australia. The current note was revised and updated in May 2012 by Dominique Hes, with input from Tim Grant.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of agar: purification and characterization of β-neoagarotetraose hydrolase from <i>Pseudomonas atlantica</i> (1977)

Agarose is degraded by a beta-agarase from Pseudomonas atlantica to neoagarooligosaccharides of degree of polymerization (DP), 4, 6, 8, and 10. A beta-neoagarotetraose hydrolase cleaves the central beta-linkage in neoagarotetraose and the beta-linkage near the nonreducing end in neoagarohexaose and -octaose to yield neoagarobiose. The beta-neoagarotetraose hydrolase was localized on or outside the cytoplasmic membrane, in the cell wall region. The enzyme was activated by NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, MnCl2, and MgSO4, has a Km of 3.4 X 10(-3) M for neoagarotetraose, was free from beta-agarase and alpha-neoagarobiose hydrolase activity, and showed no transglycosidic activity.
Iron(II) 2-methylimidazolate and copper(II) 1,2,4-triazolate complexes: systems exhibiting long-range ferromagnetic ordering at low temperatures (1999)

Crystals of [Fe (2methylimidazolate) 2 ·0.13(FeCp 2 )] x ,1, are orthorhombic, a = 8.0654(11), b = 15.3504(5), c = 19.3388(9) Å, Z = 8, space group Pnnm. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R (F, I [Formula: see text] 3σ(I)) = 0.057 (R w (F 2 , all data) = 0.142). The structure involves tetrahedral iron(II) centers linked in chains by single imidazolate ligand bridges. The chains are cross-linked by additional imidazolates to generate a complex 3-D network of linear channels in which ferrocene molecules are trapped. [Cu(1,2,4-triazolate) 2 ] x , 2, is shown by indirect evidence to have a polymeric structure in which copper(II) ions are bridged by triazolate ligands. Magnetic susceptibilities were measured on powdered samples over the temperature range 2-300 K at applied fields of 0-55 000 G. Both materials exhibit antiferromagnetic exchange at temperatures above a magnetic phase transition: 27 K for 1 and 35 K for 2. At temperatures below these transitions the compounds exhibit weak ferromagnetism, likely resulting from canted spin structures. Cycling the applied magnetic field between +55 000 G and -55 000 G at 4.8 K generates hysteresis loops for both materials. Remnant magnetizations of 200 and 55 cm 3 G mol -1 and coercive fields of 5000 and 2500 G are obtained for 1 and 2, respectively.Key words: iron, 2-methylimidazolate, copper, 1,2,4-triazolate, canted spins, ferromagnets.
The photosynthesis inhibitor metamitron is a highly effective thinner for ‘Golden Delicious’ apple in a warm climate (2015)

\n Introduction. Small fruit size is a limiting factor in marketing apple (Malus ×domestica). Several techniques have been used to improve fruit size, among them blossom and fruit thinning with plant growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins to reduce crop load. Materials and methods. In the present study, carried out in 3 consecutive years (2012–2014), we evaluated the photosynthesis inhibitor metamitron (MM) as a thinner for ‘Golden Delicious’ apple. Results. MM applied once at 180–225 g ha-1 (150–190 mg L-1 in the form of 0.1%–0.125% Brevis® at 1200 L ha-1) at the 6-mm fruit-diameter stage increased dark-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence, measured as a reduction in Fv/Fm values and resulted in significant fruit thinning. Consequently, the average time spent on hand thinning was reduced from 20–30 days ha-1 to 2–5 days ha-1 and there was a considerable and significant shift to larger fruit size. Discussion. The relatively low effective doses of MM compared to those used in Europe and the USA were likely due to the higher night temperatures for 3 weeks postapplication, which increased respiration and caused assimilation deficiencies during that critical period of fruit development. Conclusion. In a warm growing environment the thinner MM is highly effective on apple, since only one application (FB+7) of relatively low dose (190 mg L-1 MM as 0.125% Brevis®) is enough for optimal fruitlet thinning. \n
Aqueous Lubrication, Structure and Rheological Properties of Whey Protein Microgel Particles (2017)

Aqueous lubrication has emerged as an active research area in recent years due to its prevalence in nature in biotribological contacts and its enormous technological soft-matter applications. In this study, we designed aqueous dispersions of biocompatible whey-protein microgel particles (WPM) (10–80 vol %) cross-linked via disulfide bonding and focused on understanding their rheological, structural and biotribological properties (smooth polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) contacts, Ra < 50 nm, ball-on-disk set up). The WPM particles (Dh = 380 nm) displayed shear-thinning behavior and good lubricating performance in the plateau boundary as well as the mixed lubrication regimes. The WPM particles facilitated lubrication between bare hydrophobic PDMS surfaces (water contact angle 108°), leading to a 10-fold reduction in boundary friction force with increased volume fraction (ϕ ≥ 65%), largely attributed to the close packing-mediated layer of particles between the asperity contacts acting as “true surface-separators”, hydrophobic moieties of WPM binding to the nonpolar surfaces, and particles employing a rolling mechanism analogous to “ball bearings”, the latter supported by negligible change in size and microstructure of the WPM particles after tribology. An ultralow boundary friction coefficient, μ ≤ 0.03 was achieved using WPM between O2 plasma-treated hydrophilic PDMS contacts coated with bovine submaxillary mucin (water contact angle 47°), and electron micrographs revealed that the WPM particles spread effectively as a layer of particles even at low ϕ∼ 10%, forming a lubricating load-bearing film that prevented the two surfaces from true adhesive contact. However, above an optimum volume fraction, μ increased in HL+BSM surfaces due to the interpenetration of particles that possibly impeded effective rolling, explaining the slight increase in friction. These effects are reflected in the highly shear thinning nature of the WPM dispersions themselves plus the tendency for the apparent viscosity to fall as dispersions are forced to very high volume fractions. The present work demonstrates a novel approach for providing ultralow friction in soft polymeric surfaces using proteinaceous microgel particles that satisfy both load bearing and kinematic requirements. These findings hold great potential for designing biocompatible particles for aqueous lubrication in numerous soft matter applications.
Cluster Control of Heterogeneous Thermostatically Controlled Loads Using Tracer Devices (2015)

Managing the aggregated demand of large heterogeneous clusters of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) is considered a sequential decision-making problem under uncertainty. Recent research indicates that using reduced-order models in combination with a broadcasted control signal offers a viable solution to the tradeoff between computational feasibility, and accurately describing the steady-state and transient cluster response. In this paper, we propose a novel control strategy based on tracer devices, which we define as a limited amount of virtual TCLs that represent the entire cluster of heterogeneous TCLs. These second-order model devices are identified in a nonintrusive manner, and capture both steady-state and transient population dynamics, as well as cluster heterogeneity. Additionally, the dispatch mechanism is included in the optimization, further improving the tracking performance. The parameterizable number of tracer devices enables a covering of the tradeoff domain. Both approaches have been evaluated in two scenarios. In the first small-scale scenario, improvements in price and power deviations are evaluated when using increasing numbers of tracer devices and integrating the dispatch dynamics. Results from the second large-scale scenario show that root mean square dispatch errors can be reduced by more than 10% when integrating the dispatch mechanism in the resulting high-fidelity model.
A Structural Model of Data Warehousing Success (2008)

Data warehousing is an important area of practice and research, yet few studies have assessed its practices in general and critical success factors in particular. Although plenty of guidelines for implementation exist, few have been subjected to empirical testing. Furthermore, no model is available for comparing and evaluating the various claims made in different studies. In order to better understand the critical success factors and their effects on data warehousing success, a research model is developed in this paper. This model is useful for comparing findings across studies and for selecting variables for future research. The model is tested using data collected from a cross sectional survey of data warehousing professionals. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used to validate the structural relations identified in the model. The resulting model has three groups of success factors. Technical factor is found to positively influence information quality, whereas both operational and economic factors have a positive effect on system quality. Structural relations are also found among the dependent variables. System quality positively influences information quality, which in turn positively affects individual benefits. Individual benefits in turn has a positive relation with organizational benefits.
Mechanism of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Activity of β- <scp>d</scp> -6-Cyclopropylamino-2′,3′-Didehydro-2′,3′-Dideoxyguanosine (2005)

To better understand the importance of the oxygen in the ribose ring of planar unsaturated nucleoside analogs that target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a 6-cyclopropyl-substituted prodrug of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxyguanosine (cyclo-d4G) was synthesized, and its cellular metabolism, antiviral activity, and pharmacokinetic behavior were studied. Cyclo-d4G had selective anti-HIV activity in primary blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), effectively inhibiting the LAI strain of HIV-1 by 50% at 1.1 +/- 0.1 microM while showing 50% inhibition of cell viability at 84.5 microM. The antiviral activity in PBMCs was not markedly affected by mutations of methionine to valine at position 184 or by thymidine-associated mutations in the viral reverse transcriptase. Mutations of leucine 74 to valine and of lysine 65 to arginine had mild to moderate resistance (as high as fivefold). Studies to delineate the mechanism of cellular metabolism and activation of cyclo-d4G showed reduced potency in inhibiting viral replication in the presence of the adenosine/adenylate deaminase inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin, implying that the antiviral activity is due to its metabolism to the 2'-dGTP analog d4GTP. Intracellular formation of sugar catabolites illustrates the chemical and potentially enzymatic instability of the glycosidic linkage in d4G. Further studies suggest that cyclo-d4G has a novel intracellular phosphorylation pathway. Cyclo-d4G had a lower potential to cause mitochondrial toxicity than 2',3'-dideoxycytidine and 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine in neuronal cells. Also, cyclo-d4G had advantageous synergism with many currently used anti-HIV drugs. Poor oral bioavailability observed in rhesus monkeys may be due to the labile glycosidic bond, and special formulation may be necessary for oral delivery.
Predicting the Risk of Patients With Biopsy Gleason Score 6 to Harbor a Higher Grade Cancer (2007)

The probability of patients with a prostate biopsy Gleason score of 6 to conceal a Gleason score of 7 or higher can be predicted using serum prostate specific antigen and the greatest percent of cancer in a core. With these parameters it is possible to predict upgrade rates as high as 62% and as low as 10.5%.
Exciton trapping at tellurium iso-electronic centres in ZnSe-ZnTe superlattices (1988)

The photoluminescence spectra from ZnSe-ZnTe superlattices are shown to be explained by a very simple model in which excitons are formed from holes tightly localised in single ZnSe layers and from electrons in large orbits extending over several layers of both types. The results suggest that the conduction band offset is insufficiently large to localise the electrons. The holes are trapped by tellurium iso-electronic centres and, since tellurium can act as an iso-electronic trap in several II-VI compounds, this new type of excitonic behavior in superlattices may have important device implications.
Oxozinc carboxylates: a predesigned platform for modelling prototypical Zn-MOFs' reactivity toward water and donor solvents (2012)

Two unique adducts of an oxozinc carboxylate cluster with H(2)O and THF were isolated and structurally characterized, [Zn(4)(μ(4)-O)(O(2)CR)(6)(H(2)O)(THF)]·2(THF) and [Zn(4)(μ(4)-O)(O(2)CR')(6)(THF)(3)] (where R = benzoate and R' = 9-antracenecarboxylate anion). The study shows that the zinc centers of the Zn(4)O core can easily form unique coordination environments without breaking of the Zn-O(carboxylate) bonds.
Deformable texture : the irregular-regular-irregular cycle (2018)

Abstract: "Departures from a regular texture pattern can happen in many different dimensions. Previous related work has focused on faithful texture synthesis for near-regular texture departing along the color and intensity axes while the underlying geometric regularity is well preserved. In this paper, we address the issue of faithful texture synthesis for textures that have both the structural and color/intensity deformations. We propose a framework that treats irregular texture as a deformation from regular texture by first deducing a deformation field between the input irregular texture and its corresponding regular counterpart. The novel view in this work is to treat the deformation field itself as a texture that is both visual and functional. As a result, we can handle faithful texture synthesis for a much larger variety of near-regular textures."
Highly Enantioselective Catalytic Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction with Inverse Electron Demand (1998)

Valuable substrates for the synthesis of natural products, compounds 3 (R<sup>1</sup> =alkyl, aryl, alkoxy; R<sup>2</sup> , R<sup>3</sup> =alkyl) are formed from β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters 1 and vinyl ethers 2 by the title reaction [Eq. (1)]. Copper(II) bisoxazolines act as catalysts, and in many cases enantiomeric excesses higher than 99.5 % are achieved.
Emerging Vehicular Applications (2009)

Safe navigation support through wireless car-to-car and car-to-curb communications has become an important priority for car manufacturers as well as transportation authorities and communications standards organizations. New standards are emerging for car-to-car communications (DSRC and more recently IEEE 802.11p) [8]. There have been several well publicized testbeds aimed at demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of car-to-car communication safety; for instance, the ability to rapidly propagate accident reports to oncoming cars, the awareness of unsafe drivers in the proximity and the prevention of intersection crashes. While safe navigation has always been the prime motivation behind vehicle-tovehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications, vehicular networks provide a promising platform for a much broader range of large scale, highly mobile applications. Given the automobile’s role as a critical component in peoples’ lives, embedding software-based intelligence into cars has the potential to drastically improve the user’s quality of life. This, along with significant market demand for more reliability, safety and entertainment value in automobiles, has resulted in significant commercial development and support of vehicular networks and applications. These emerging applications span many fields, from office-on-wheels to entertainment, mobile Internet games, mobile shopping, crime investigation, civic defense, etc. Some of these applications are conventional “mobile internet access” applications, say, downloading files, reading e-mail while on the move, etc. Others involve the discovery
La resolución de problemas. Una revisión teórica (1996)

Segun las orientaciones didacticas marcadas por el MEC para las matematicas de secundaria obligatoria, la resolucion de problemas es una de los ejes vertebradores del area a lo largo de la etapa, por lo que debe estar integrada como una actividad de presencia permanente en el aula. Este articulo es una mirada sobre los aspectos teoricos mas relevantes de la resolucion de problemas. A partir de una revision historica, se examinan los principales modelos propuestos en la literatura. Se completa con un analisis de cierta profundidad sobre la propuesta de Miguel de Guzman, entendida como sintesis y paradigma de los modelos anteriores.
Analysis of Multiple Hidden Layer vs. Accuracy in Performance using Back Propagation Neural Network (2017)

In this paper it has been analyzed that the proportionality among hidden layers neurons plays very important role in determining the accuracy of the target output. Better proportionality of neurons with appropriate number of hidden layers result in higher accuracy. In general, in any neural network at most two hidden layers are enough to train the network. But in some cases where accuracy is chief criteria then hidden layer plays vital role. This problem gets crucial when someone have to deal with multiscript numeral recognition where many numerals have similar shape but different values. For example ‘0’ shape in Arabic resembles numeric “Five” whereas in Hindi, English and many other scripting languages it resembles numeric “Zero”. This crucial problem usually arises when a person writes any number/pin code in two or more scripting language like Hindi and Farsi. These types of problems are taken into consideration and accuracy is considered chief criteria. Keywords: Multiple Hidden Layers, Multiscript Pin Code Recognition, Neural Network
Paintings of New England (1991)

Ninety-seven artists and works spanning nearly two centuries are represented, all skillfully introduced by Carl Little.
The 52-protein subunit of T4 DNA topoisomerase is homologous to the gyrA-protein of gyrase. (1986)

T4 gene 52 encodes one of the three subunits of T4 DNA topoisomerase. The T4 enzyme is required for normal phage DNA replication. I have cloned the entire gene, and it is expressed in uninfected E. coli cells. The sequence of 1966 nucleotides of T4 deletion delta sa9 surrounding gene 52 has been determined. The reading frame of the gene was established by identifying the first ten amino acids in the large open reading frame derived from the DNA sequence as those at the amino-terminus of the purified 52-protein. Based on the DNA sequence, 52-protein has 441 amino acids and a calculated peptide molecular weight of 50,583 daltons. This T4 topoisomerase subunit shares significant amino acid sequence homology with the gyrA subunit of bacterial gyrases and the carboxyl-half of yeast topoisomerase II in spite of the large differences in their sizes, confirming their functional equivalence in type II enzyme directed DNA topoisomerization. Amino acid sequence homology is highest in the amino-terminal portions of the equivalent peptides. The homology alignment suggests a consensus sequence organization surrounding the reactive tyrosine which is used to form the transient protein-DNA intermediate in the double-stranded DNA passing reaction. The delta sa9 deletion in T4 brings gene 52 to a location 30 nucleotides 3' from the rIIB gene whose C-terminal 167 codons are also reported here.