gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Software Function Recommender System Based on Collaborative Filtering (2004)

Team care promises improved patient care through improved coordination of existing hospital services, as well as continuity of care for the patient between the hospital and the home. Commitment to the team concept, however, calls for more than lip service.
Dynamic mold surface temperature control using induction heating and its effects on the surface appearance of weld line (2006)

Abstract Electromagnetic induction heating combined with coolant cooling is used to achieve dynamic mold surface temperature control. A simulation tool was also developed by integration of both thermal and electromagnetic analysis modules of ANSYS, and capability and accuracy were verified experimentally. To evaluate the feasibility and efficiency of induction heating on the mold surface temperature control, a mold plate (roughly about an inset size of cellular phone housing) with four cooling channels was utilized for two demo experiments with varying mold surface temperature between 110 and 180°C, and 110 and 200°C, respectively. During induction heating/cooling, it takes 4 s to increase mold surface temperature from 110 to 200°C and 21 s for mold surface to return to 110°C. The mold plate surface temperature can be raised at about 22.5°C and cooled down at 4.3°C/s within the aforementioned temperature range. Mold plate temperature distribution exhibits good uniformity as well in all stages of the heating/cooling process. Finally, mold surface temperature of a double‐gated tensile test part mold was induction heated to above glass transition temperature for few seconds prior to melt injection. The surface mark of weld line was eliminated, and the associated weld line strength enhanced. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1174–1180, 2006
Challenges in web search engines (2002)

This article presents a high-level discussion of some problems in information retrieval that are unique to web search engines. The goal is to raise awareness and stimulate research in these areas.
Calmodulin-Activated Phosphorylation of Dystrophin (1994)

Purified dystrophin glycoprotein complex (DGC) contains an endogenous protein kinase activity which phosphorylates dystrophin. Mg2+ (or Mn2+) and ATP are required for this phosphorylation. Ca(2+)-calmodulin increases the rate of phosphorylation of dystrophin 12-fold relative to the EGTA control, while other protein kinase activators, cAMP and cGMP, have no effect. Phosphorylation of other proteins in the DGC preparation was observed, with a 59-kDa protein also being phosphorylated in a calmodulin-dependent manner. These phosphorylations were all on serine residues. The DGC protein kinase activity also phosphorylates syntide-2, a peptide substrate for CaM kinase II, and antibodies raised against CaM kinase II cross-react with DGC blotted onto nitrocellulose. Further, purified, baculovirus-expressed CaM kinase II phosphorylates dystrophin and also phosphorylates at least one of the peptides of dystrophin which is phosphorylated by the DGC protein kinase activity, as shown by tryptic peptide maps. CaM kinase II also phosphorylates other proteins present in the DGC preparation that are phosphorylated by the endogenous protein kinase. Finally, dystrophin sequence 2618-3074, produced by recombinant techniques, is phosphorylated by both the DGC protein kinase and purified CaM kinase II. Since dystrophin and two other DGC components have also been shown to bind calmodulin, two important components of signal transduction--calmodulin binding and protein phosphorylation--operate in the DGC.
Are Lysosomes a Site of Enveloped-virus Penetration? (1982)

At the Cold Spring Harbor Symposium in 1962 concerning animal virus biology, one of the hotly debated topics was whether animal viruses enter their host cells through the plasma membrane or whether they are introduced by endocytosis prior to membrane penetration. Although it has since become possible to characterize the later stages of the replication cycle of many viruses in remarkable detail, the early interactions between virus and cell still remain a puzzle. Even in the best-characterized virus systems it is not known exactly how the viral genome is transported into the cytoplasm or the nucleus for infection (Dales 1973; Lonberg-Holm and Philipson 1974).
Developed on-chip cell sorting system based on an analysis of microscopic image and impact-free sorting for living cells (2004)

In this paper, we have developed a newly developed on-chip cell sorting system that offers impact-free sorting for single-cell based observation analysis or regenerative medicine.
Comparison of Systemic Toxicity between Botulinum Toxin Subtypes A1 and A2 in Mice and Rats (2014)

The adverse events caused by botulinum toxin type A (subtype A1) product, thought to be after-effects of toxin diffusion after high-dose administration, have become serious issues. A preparation showing less diffusion in the body than existing drugs has been sought. We have attempted to produce neurotoxin derived from subtype A2 (A2NTX) with an amino acid sequence different from that of neurotoxin derived from subtype A1 (A1NTX). In this study, to investigate whether A2NTX has the potential to resolve these issues, we compared the safety of A2NTX, a progenitor toxin derived from subtype A1 (A1 progenitor toxin) and A1NTX employing the intramuscular lethal dose 50% (im LD50) in mice and rats and the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) in rats. Mouse im LD50 values for A1 progenitor toxin and A2NTX were 93 and 166 U/kg, respectively, and the rat im LD50 values were 117 and 153 U/kg, respectively. In the rat CMAP test, the dose on the contralateral side, which caused a 50% reduction in the CMAP amplitude, that is, CMAP-TD50 , was calculated as 19.0, 16.6 and 28.7 U/kg for A1 progenitor toxin, A1NTX and A2NTX, respectively. The results indicate that A2NTX is safer than A1 progenitor toxin and A1NTX.
Probabilistic relational verification for cryptographic implementations (2014)

Relational program logics have been used for mechanizing formal proofs of various cryptographic constructions. With an eye towards scaling these successes towards end-to-end security proofs for implementations of distributed systems, we present RF*, a relational extension of F*, a general-purpose higher-order stateful programming language with a verification system based on refinement types. The distinguishing feature of F* is a relational Hoare logic for a higher-order, stateful, probabilistic language. Through careful language design, we adapt the F* typechecker to generate both classic and relational verification conditions, and to automatically discharge their proofs using an SMT solver. Thus, we are able to benefit from the existing features of F*, including its abstraction facilities for modular reasoning about program fragments. We evaluate RF* experimentally by programming a series of cryptographic constructions and protocols, and by verifying their security properties, ranging from information flow to unlinkability, integrity, and privacy. Moreover, we validate the design of RF* by formalizing in Coq a core probabilistic λ calculus and a relational refinement type system and proving the soundness of the latter against a denotational semantics of the probabilistic lambda λ calculus.
Radiology on the information superhighway. (1995)

The Internet can dramatically expand the ways radiologists interact with their colleagues. These preliminary results indicate that there will be great challenges and opportunities for improving care and teaching in the future.
Evaluation of a Modular Multiplex-PCR Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Detection Assay Adapted for<i>mecC</i>Detection (2013)

A mecC (mecALGA251)-adapted multiplex PCR-based methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection assay was evaluated using an international, spa-typed Staphylococcus aureus collection comprising 51 mecC-positive MRSA, 240 mecA-positive MRSA, and 50 mecA- and mecC-negative methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates. The assay showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for S. aureus species identification as well as for mecA and mecC detection.
A linear free‐energy correlation in the low‐energy tandem mass spectra of protonated tripeptides Gly–Gly–Xxx (1994)

Abstract The backbone cleavages of protonated tripeptide ions of the series Gly—Gly—Xxx, where Xxx  Gly, Ala, Val, d ‐Leu, l ‐Leu, Ile, Phe, Tyr, Trp, Pro, Met and Glu, were studied in a hybrid tandem mass spectrometer. C ‐Terminal y ‐type ions and N ‐terminal a ‐ and b ‐type ions were noted. A linear relationship between log ( y 1 / b 2 ) and the proton affinity of the C ‐terminal amino acid substituents was found: as the proton affinity of the C ‐terminal residue increases, the fraction of y 1 ion formation increases. When the C ‐terminal substituent was more basic than Trp, the b 2 ion was not observed. It is likely that the site of protonation changes from peptide bond to side‐chain for just these residues, Lys, His and Arg.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Conformation of Heterocycles. Part 25. New Supramolecular Host Systems. Part 1. A Structural and Conformational Study of the 1,3,5,7‐Tetraoxadecalin Core System. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Salt rejection by sea ice during growth (1970)

It is demonstrated that rejection of salt at a freezing ice-water interface takes place at least in part by cyclic convective processes occurring within the small interstitial spaces located in the first few centimeters of ice above the interface.This invalidates the assumption of the diffusive boundary' layer utilized by previous authors and shows that nearinterface temperatures are subject to cyclic variations.This result should be generally true for phase changes in aqueous solutions with floating ice, and it must be considered as a modification to current theories of solidification.It is shown that large vertical tubular structures attended by smaller tributary tubes exist within the growing sea ice sheet; this arrangement almost certainly indicates horizontal migration of brine toward preferred drainage areas in a manner analogous to the catchment area of a river and its tributaries.
[1-(Phenylthio)-2-carbamoylallyl]lithium reagents. Electrophilic substitution and formal anionic 3 + 2 cyclization-elimination (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT[1-(Phenylthio)-2-carbamoylallyl]lithium reagents. Electrophilic substitution and formal anionic 3 + 2 cyclization-eliminationPeter Beak and Kenneth D. WilsonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 2, 218–225Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00378a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00378a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views137Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
by Rat Liver Microsomes (1975)

A B S T R A C T Superoxide anion production by liver microsomes from intact, adrenalectomized, and cortisoltreate(l alrenalectoinized rats has been determined. The amount formed was roughly proportionate to the amiount of cortisol given, and a similar response was seen in the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase. The amount of measurable superoxide anion was markedly reduced by the addition of superoxide dismutase. The increased production of this potent free radical with cortisol therapy suggests that its formation may contribute to some of the harmful effects of corticosteroids given in more than physiologic amounts.
Self-motion of an oil droplet: A simple physicochemical model of active Brownian motion (2008)

The self-motion of an oil droplet in an aqueous phase on a glass surface is reported. The aqueous phase contains a cationic surfactant, which tends to be adsorbed onto the glass surface. The oil droplet contains potassium iodide and iodine, which prefers to make an ion pair with the cationic surfactant. Since the ion pair is soluble in the oil droplet, dissolution of the surfactant into the oil droplet is promoted, i.e., the system is far from equilibrium with regard to surfactant concentration. The oil droplet is self-driven in a reactive manner by the spatial gradient of the glass surface tension. We discuss the intrinsic nature of this self-motion by developing a simple mathematical model that incorporates adsorption and desorption of the surfactant on the glass surface. Using this mathematical model we were able to construct an equation of motion that reproduces the observed self-motion of an oil droplet. This equation describes active Brownian motion. Theoretical considerations were used to predict the generation of the regular mode of oil-droplet motion, which was subsequently confirmed by experiments.
Immunological Analysis of Glycolipids and Lipopolysaccharides Derived from Various Mycoplasmas (1974)

The lipids and lipopolysaccharides of five mycoplasmas were examined for complement-fixing activity to antimembrane rabbit sera. Total glycolipid fractions and the aqueous phenol fractions (lipopolysaccharides) from the membranes of Acholeplasma laidlawii, A. modicum, A. axanthum, and Mycoplasma neurolyticum exhibited significant antigenic activity. The glycolipids and phosphoglycolipids from Thermoplasma acidophilum were either anticomplementary or did not react due to their extreme hydrophobic nature. High activity was found using the lipopolysaccharide of T. acidophilum. The pure glycolipids and phosphoglycolipids of the Acholeplasma and Mycoplasma species also exhibited significant complement-fixing activity. Acylation of the sugar residues of these lipids reduced or negated complement-fixing activity. Double cross-reactions between the glycolipids of A. laidlawii and A. modicum appeared to be due to mono- and diglucosyl diglycerides of identical structure. Specificity of glycolipid structure was noted by the absence of cross-reactions between A. laidlawii and M. neurolyticum, the glycolipids of which differ only in the nature of the glucose linkages. The existence of lipopolysaccharides in the membranes of mycoplasmas and their complement-fixing activity in the presence of antimembrane sera suggest their possible importance as specific antigenic determinants.
The role of retinoic acid receptors in neurite outgrowth from different populations of embryonic mouse dorsal root ganglia (2000)

Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons can be categorised into at least three types, based upon their neurotrophin requirement for survival. We have analysed the expression of the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoid X receptors (RXRs) in NGF, NT-3 and BDNF dependent neurons isolated from embryonic day (E)13.5 mouse DRG. We show that each population of neurons expressed each of the three RXRs, (alpha), (beta) and (gamma); however, whilst the NGF and NT-3 dependent neurons expressed each of the RARs (alpha), (beta) and (gamma), the BDNF dependent neurons only expressed RAR(alpha) and (beta). When retinoic acid was added to each of the neuronal classes only the NGF and NT-3 dependent neurons responded by extending neurites, and this response involved the upregulation of RAR(beta)(2). This specificity was confirmed by the use of receptor-selective agonists as only a RAR(beta)-selective compound stimulated neurite outgrowth. These results suggest a role for RA acting via RAR(beta)(2) in the outgrowth of neurites.
A tripodal tris(thiophene) derivative of hexahydropyrimidine and its ladder-like extended structure (2007)

In the title compound, 2-(2-thien­yl)-1,3-bis­(2-thienyl­methyl)­perhydro­pyrimidine, C18H20N2S3, a new hexa­hydro­pyrimidine derivative with no formal crystallographic symmetry (but approximate Cs mol­ecular symmetry), the thio­phene rings are approximately orthogonal to the mean plane of the saturated pyrimidine `core' of the mol­ecule, with the three S atoms positioned on one side of the six-atom mean plane. The S atom of the directly attached thio­phene ring is involved in an unconventional (alk­yl)C—H⋯S hydrogen bond (H⋯S = 2.87 Å) with a thio­phene CH group of the closest neighbouring mol­ecule, leading to a ladder-like one-dimensional chain as the extended structure. The crystal specimen used for data collection was an inversion twin [twin fraction x = 0.41 (4)].
Comparison of lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam and modified Vogel Johnson agars for detection of Listeria spp. in retail-level meats, poultry, and seafood (1989)

The effectiveness of Modified Vogel Johnson agar and lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam agar for detection of Listeria spp. in foods was compared by using the media to analyze retail-level meat, poultry, and seafood both by direct plating and in conjunction with a three-tube most-probable-number enrichment. The most-probable-number protocol detected Listeria species, including Listeria monocytogenes, in a substantial portion of the fresh meat and seafood samples. In most instances the Listeria levels were less than 2 CFU/g, which precluded detection by direct plating. Modified Vogel Johnson agar performed as well as did lithium chloride-phenylethanol-moxalactam agar and was considerably easier to use because of its ability to differentiate Listeria spp. from other microorganisms.
Distinction between three species of Eumerus (Syrphidae, Diptera), with description of a new species (1928)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Usp7 and Uhrf1 control ubiquitination and stability of the maintenance DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 (2010)

In mammals Dnmt1 is the DNA methyltransferase chiefly responsible for maintaining genomic methylation patterns through DNA replication cycles, but how its maintenance activity is controlled is still not well understood. Interestingly, Uhrf1, a crucial cofactor for maintenance of DNA methylation by Dnmt1, is endowed with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Here, we show that both Dnmt1 and Uhrf1 coprecipitate with ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (Usp7), a de-ubiquitinating enzyme. Overexpression of Uhrf1 and Usp7 resulted in opposite changes in the ubiquitination status and stability of Dnmt1. Our findings suggest that, by balancing Dnmt1 ubiquitination, Usp7 and Uhrf1 fine tune Dnmt1 stability.
Is the <i>Saitohin</i> gene involved in neurodegenerative diseases? (2002)

Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in an amino acid change (Q7R) was identified in a previously undescribed gene, named saitohin, nested within the tau gene. We analyzed the distribution of this polymorphism in 499 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 91 patients with frontotemporal dementia, and 402 controls. This polymorphism was in complete disequilibrium with the well-defined extended tau haplotype. We failed to replicate the association between the RR genotype and late-onset Alzheimer's disease, but we found a trend toward an association between the QQ genotype and frontotemporal dementia. Thus, the saitohin Q allele, which is a novel determinant of the tau H1 haplotypes, might represent a causative factor involved in the determinism of several tauopathies.
Nonlinear hydrodynamic and real fluid effects on wave energy converters (2015)

Ocean wave energy has been of interest since at least the mid-1970s and great advances in the understanding of the fundamental principles of wave energy extraction and converter modelling have been made using linear hydrodynamic analysis. This paper reviews efforts that have been made to use nonlinear hydrodynamics to analyse wave energy converter behaviour and performance. Both ‘partially nonlinear’ and fully nonlinear potential flow methods, as well as computational fluid dynamics methods solving the Navier–Stokes equations and smoothed particle hydrodynamics have been used for this purpose and are reviewed here. These more complex methods have been applied primarily to single devices, so array and mooring line interactions are not considered. While a number of studies have been performed in these areas and results are encouraging, further advances are required to give accurate prediction or reproduction of experimental results.
Low-profile broadband omnidirectional monopole antenna (2000)

Calculations have been made for rotationally symmetric monopole antennas with different shapes by the moment method. By comparing the VSWR, the gain, and the volume of the antenna, an ideal configuration is obtained. Some useful references for the antenna design have been given. Theoretical and experimental results are compared, and the agreement is excellent. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 25: 135–138, 2000.
'Almost blind' signal estimation using second-order moments (1995)

The authors consider the problem of separating and estimating superimposed signals using an uncalibrated array. The array elements are assumed to have the same unknown gain pattern, up to an unknown multiplicative factor. The phases of the elements are arbitrary and unknown. A cost function, whose minimiser is a statistically consistent and efficient estimate of the array steering vectors, is defined and an iterative minimisation algorithm is presented. The cost function uses the second-order moments of the received data. The estimated steering vectors are used for constructing a linear combiner whose output provides an estimate of each of the signals. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by Monte Carlo experiments and is compared to the Cramer Rao Bound. The results confirm that the algorithm is statistically efficient for all practical purposes, at least for the examined cases.
Diminished Inhibition of Adhesion Molecule Expression in Prostacyclin Receptor Desensitized Human Platelets (1995)

Long-term exposure of platelets to prostacyclin or iloprost (100nM, 3hr) results in receptor desensitization measured as decrease in 3H-iloprost binding sites by 47 +/- 14%. Desensitized platelets respond with an increased adhesion to endothelial cells. The mechanism of increased adhesiveness was studied by measuring the expression of the adhesion molecule CD62p (p-selectin; GMP140) on washed human platelets by flowcytometry. In thrombin stimulated platelets CD62p expression was dose-dependently reduced by iloprost. In receptor desensitized platelets IC50 for iloprost inhibition of thrombin-induced CD62p expression increased from 0.48 +/- 0.10 to 2.4 +/- 0.7 nM.