gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RAG1/2 Knockout Pigs with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (2014)

Pigs share many physiological, biochemical, and anatomical similarities with humans and have emerged as valuable large animal models for biomedical research. Considering the advantages in immune system resemblance, suitable size, and longevity for clinical practical and monitoring purpose, SCID pigs bearing dysfunctional RAG could serve as important experimental tools for regenerative medicine, allograft and xenograft transplantation, and reconstitution experiments related to the immune system. In this study, we report the generation and phenotypic characterization of RAG1 and RAG2 knockout pigs using transcription activator-like effector nucleases. Porcine fetal fibroblasts were genetically engineered using transcription activator-like effector nucleases and then used to provide donor nuclei for somatic cell nuclear transfer. We obtained 27 live cloned piglets; among these piglets, 9 were targeted with biallelic mutations in RAG1, 3 were targeted with biallelic mutations in RAG2, and 10 were targeted with a monoallelic mutation in RAG2. Piglets with biallelic mutations in either RAG1 or RAG2 exhibited hypoplasia of immune organs, failed to perform V(D)J rearrangement, and lost mature B and T cells. These immunodeficient RAG1/2 knockout pigs are promising tools for biomedical and translational research.
Closed Photobioreactor Assessments to Grow, Intensively, Light Dependent Microorganisms: A Twenty-Year Italian Outdoor Investigation (2008)

Twenty years of Italian outdoor investigations on closed photobioreactors are discussed in this review. Many photobioreactor designs have been projected; some have been built, tested and patented. The Italian research approach from tubular (single tube and traditional loop) to flat and column and again to tubular photobioreactors (coil and loops) has improved microalgal yield. It increased from 25.0 gm -2 d -1 in 1986 (using a traditional loop set down on the ground) to 47.7 gm -2 d -1 in 2003, when results of a new tubular undulating row photobioreactor (TURP) were reported. This very high TURP productivity was attributed to a light dilution growth-strategy using Arthrospira platensis ; the photic ratio (R f ) ranged from 3 to 6.
A novel method for removing contaminant Hsp70 molecular chaperones from recombinant proteins (2019)

The production of recombinant proteins in bacteria has increased significantly in recent years, becoming a common tool for both research and the industrial production of proteins. One of the requirements of this methodology is to obtain the desired protein without contaminants. However, this goal cannot always be readily achieved. Multiple strategies have been developed to improve the quality of the desired protein product. Nevertheless, contamination with molecular chaperones is one of the recalcitrant problems that still affects the quality of the obtained proteins. The ability of chaperones to bind to unfolded proteins or to regions where the polypeptide chain is exposed make the removal of the contamination during purification challenging to achieve. This work aimed to develop a strategy to remove contaminating DnaK, one of the homologous Hsp70 molecular chaperones found in Escherichia coli, from purified recombinant proteins. For this purpose, we developed a methodology that captures the DnaK from the contaminating proteins by co-incubation with a GST-cleanser protein that has free functional binding sites for the chaperone. The cleanser protein can then be easily removed together with the captured DnaK. Here, we demonstrated the utility of our system by decontaminating a Histidine-tagged recombinant protein in a batch process. The addition of the GST-cleanser protein in the presence of ATP-Mg eliminates the DnaK contamination substantially. Thus, our decontaminant strategy results versatile and straightforward and can be applied to proteins obtained with different expression and purifications systems as well as to small samples or large volume preparations.
Feature weighting and feature selection in fuzzy clustering (2008)

This paper studies the problem of weighting and selecting attributes and principal axes in fuzzy clustering. Its main contribution is a selection method that is not based on simply applying a threshold to computed feature weights, but directly assigns zero weights to features that are not informative enough. This has the important advantage that the clustering result that can be obtained on the selected subspace coincides with the projection (to the selected subspace) of the clustering result that is obtained on the full data space.
Organisational Techniques and the Humanisation of Work (1977)

This publication contains reprint articles for which IEEE does not hold copyright. Full text is not available on IEEE Xplore for these articles.
A Scalable Architecture for On-Chip Compression: Options and Trade-Offs (2006)

The increasing focus on better Quality of Silicon (QoS) and relentless pressure on the cost of test has brought on-chip test data compression technologies to the forefront. QoS considerations and device complexity have driven up the cost of test by the adoption of test methods that require significant higher test data volume, such as transition tests, to detect small delay defects. On-chip compression is then used to effectively reduce the cost of test by combining the deterministic nature of ATPG with the data compression capability of certain Logic BIST structures.
Selection Bias, Label Bias, and Bias in Ground Truth (2014)

Language technology is biased toward English newswire. In POS tagging, we get 97–98 words right out of a 100 in English newswire, but results drop to about 8 out of 10 when running the same technology on Twitter data. In dependency parsing, we are able to identify the syntactic head of 9 out of 10 words in English newswire, but only 6–7 out of 10 in tweets. Replace references to Twitter with references to a low-resource language of your choice, and the above sentence is still likely to hold true. The reason for this bias is obviously that mainstream language technology is data-driven, based on supervised statistical learning techniques, and annotated data resources are widely available for English newswire. The situation that arises when applying off-the-shelf language technology, induced from annotated newswire corpora, to something like Twitter, is a bit like when trying to predict elections from Xbox surveys (Wang et al., 2013). Our induced models suffer from a data selection bias. This is actually not the only way our data is biased. The available resources for English newswire are the result of human annotators following specific guidelines. Humans err, leading to label bias, but more importantly, annotation guidelines typically make debatable linguistic choices. Linguistics is not an exact science, and we call the influence of annotation guidelines bias in ground truth. In the tutorial, we present various case studies for each kind of bias, and show several methods that can be used to deal with bias. This results in improved performance of NLP systems.
The Preparation of Porous TiO[sub 2] by Immersing Ti in NaOH Solution (2002)

The formation of a porous layer by immersing Ti in 5 M NaOH at 303 K was investigated using electrochemical measurements, a scanning electron microscope, and grazing incident X-ray diffraction. The porous layer was readily obtained in the case of the presence of titanium hydride on the surface before immersion. The crystalline structure of the porous layer is composed of a mixture of the rutile and anatase type The porous layer is hard to produce without the presence of The is directly changed to by a dissolution reaction in alkaline solution. The presence of on the surface is an important factor for the preparation of the porous layer. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Data‐sharing models (1996)

Abstract This chapter develops a typology of various data‐sharing models. Defining issues in the identification of data‐sharing models include organizational purpose and structure, the regularity of the report production schedule, and individual institutional participation criteria.
Multidimensional stimulus-response correlation reveals supramodal neural responses to naturalistic stimuli (2016)

Abstract In neuroscience, stimulus-response relationships have traditionally been analyzed using either encoding or decoding models. Here we combined both techniques by decomposing neural activity into multiple components, each representing a portion of the stimulus. We tested this hybrid approach on encephalographic responses to auditory and audiovisual narratives identically experienced across subjects, as well as uniquely experienced video game play. The highest stimulus-response correlations (SRC) were detected for dynamic visual features. During narratives both auditory and visual SRC were modulated by attention and tracked correlations between subjects. During video game play, SRC was modulated by task difficulty and attentional state. Importantly, the strongest component extracted for visual and auditory features had nearly identical spatial distributions, suggesting that the predominant encephalographic response to naturalistic stimuli is supramodal. The variety of novel findings demonstrates the utility of measuring multidimensional stimulus-response correlations.
Homocysteine and Risk of Premature Coronary Heart Disease (1996)

Homozygotes for the defective allele (T) are at increased risk of premature coronary heart disease. MTHFR, which modulates basal plasma homocysteine concentration, is folate dependent, and dietary supplementation or fortification with folic acid may reduce plasma homocysteine levels and consequent coronary risk in a significant proportion of the general population.
A Characterization of Orientation in a Highly Oriented Polymeric Fiber by Fluorescence Depolarization: Kevlar 49 (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA Characterization of Orientation in a Highly Oriented Polymeric Fiber by Fluorescence Depolarization: Kevlar 49L. Lawrence Chapoy, Dijana Spaseska, Knud Rasmussen, and Donald B. DuPréCite this: Macromolecules 1979, 12, 4, 680–684Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60070a026https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60070a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views212Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrolytes for redox flow battery systems (2010)

Patience is an important tool in life.Immediate achievement do not stays long, but the best things in life that last long require years of hard work, hope, faith and waiting.
Glomerular basement membrane expansion in passive Heymann nephritis. Absence of increased synthesis of type IV collagen, laminin, or fibronectin. (1991)

The distribution and synthetic rate of glomerular basement membrane components was examined in the Passive Heymann Nephritis model of experimental membranous nephropathy. The extensive tissue injury that developed included subepithelial electron-dense deposits, podocyte foot process effacement, and expansion of the glomerular basement membrane. Levels of mRNA for type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin from isolated glomeruli was quantitated by slot-blot analysis and showed no change in experimental animals as compared to controls at either 1 week, 3 weeks, or 3 months after disease induction. Immunoelectron microscopy with gold-labeled anti-laminin IgG revealed no difference in the number of particles bound to the glomerular basement membrane of experimental animals and controls. Immunofluorescence with both type IV collagen antisera and anti-laminin antibody showed no difference in the intensity or pattern of staining. Despite extensive glomerular damage and glomerular basement membrane thickening, no evidence was found for either an increase in the synthetic rate of type IV collagen, laminin, or fibronectin or for an accumulation of basement membrane laminin within the damaged glomeruli. Alternate processes, such as diminished density of matrix components or accumulation of other unmeasured matrix constituents, presumably account for the expansion of the glomerular basement membrane seen in experimental membranous nephropathy.
A System Design Perspective on Optical Interconnection Technology (1993)

Demands for increased interconnection density and higher bandwidth, coupled with constraints on the cost of advanced wide-bandwidth telecommunication switching and high-throughput computer architectures, are exhausting the capabilities of conventional electrical interconnection. Advances in integrated circuit technologies and enhanced digital services have created a “bottleneck” at the circuit-board-to-circuit-board level of the interconnection hierarchy. To alleviate this problem, AT&T is developing new techniques in parallel optical interconnection. Inserting parallel optical interconnection technology into advanced electronic processing systems not only meets projected performance requirements, but also potentially offers them at a competitive cost. This paper describes how future high-performance parallel optical interconnect technology might be packaged and used.
Clinical Use of Aspirin in Ischemic Heart Disease: Past, Present and Future (2012)

Aspirin is an antiplatelet drug, inhibiting the cyclooxygenase activity of platelet prostaglandin H synthase-1 and almost complete suppressing platelet capacity to generate the prothrombotic and proatherogenic thromboxane A2. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin reduces the risk of serious vascular events by about a quarter in patients who are at high risk because they already have occlusive vascular disease. However, the inhibition of thromboxane-dependent platelet function by aspirin is effective for the prevention of thrombosis, but is also associated with excess bleeding, although the absolute increase in major gastrointestinal or other major extracranial bleeds is an order of magnitude smaller. For secondary prevention of vascular events, the benefits of aspirin therapy substantially exceed the risks. Therefore, aspirin is a cornerstone of antithrombotic therapy in acute coronary syndromes, in chronic ischemic heart disease and in percutaneous coronary intervention. On the other hand, the role of aspirin in primary prevention remains uncertain and it is still debated, because the absolute risk of vascular complications is the major determinant of the absolute benefit of antiplatelet prophylaxis and the reduction in vascular events needs to be weighed against any increase in major bleeds. Future data from ongoing studies will help us to identify people at high vascular risk who take advantage from aspirin therapy for primary prevention or will indicate if specific category of high risk patients, like patients with diabetes, could be better protected from an increase in the frequency of aspirin administration.
New Linear SEC-DED Codes with Reduced Triple Bit Error Miscorrection Probability (2008)

This paper solves the problem of minimizing triple bit error miscorrection for single-error-correcting, double-error-detecting codes (SEC-DED codes) which are used to protect all kinds of memory against errors. A lower bound for triple bit error miscorrection for the widely used class of odd-weight column codes is derived and actual codes which are very close to that theoretical bound are presented. Surprisingly, significantly better results are obtained with shortened generalized Hamming codes. An optimal (39,32)-SEC-DED code with 32 information bits and 7 control bits is determined which has the lowest risk of triple bit miscorrection of any possible linear (39,32)-code. It is shown how codes with 64 and 128 information bits with significantly lower triple bit miscorrection probability than currently used codes can be derived from that code.The new codes also feature adjacent double bit error correction capabilities (SEC-DED-DAEC codes). Employing them in a SEC-DED-DAEC checker reduces the risk of miscorrecting non-adjacent double bit errors by 27-34% compared to the best codes known.
TA90 immune complex predicts survival following surgery and adjuvant vaccine immunotherapy for stage IV melanoma. (1998)

Prevaccine TA90-IC level correlated strongly with overall and disease-free survival in our stage IV melanoma patients receiving postoperative PMCV immunotherapy. This is the first serum marker shown to have importance in predicting the survival of melanoma patients receiving adjuvant immunotherapy after complete resection of distant metastases.
Collision Probability for Larger Bodies Having Nonlinear Relative Motion (2006)

d = cross-sectional radius of torus dz = subvolume height h = distance above x–y plane of torus P = collision probability PR = collision probability rate R = radius of torus r = polar coordinate in symmetrized encounter plane t = time Vz = in-track velocity in symmetrized encounter frame x, y, z = coordinates used in probability density function = contour integration parameter = three-dimensional probability density function = standard deviation in symmetrized encounter frame x;y;z = standard deviations of relative position uncertainty for each axis in diagonal frame
Peritoneal macrophage infiltration is correlated with baseline peritoneal solute transport rate in peritoneal dialysis patients (2010)

Peritoneal macrophage infiltration is predominant in uraemic patients and is an important factor in predicting baseline peritoneal permeability.
Compensation of the radial magnetic field component of solenoids wound with anisotropic Bi(2223)Ag tape (1997)

The critical current of a solenoid made of Bi(2223)Ag tape with a high anisotropy in the critical current - magnetic field characteristic at 77 K is determined in particular by the radial component of the magnetic field, which is large close to the coil flanges. The original idea of utilizing supplementary (e.g. copper) windings to compensate partially the undesired radial magnetic field component of the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coil is described. The results of extensive numerical calculations on the model coil indicate that an increase of the critical current of more than 50% can be expected.
A Study of Skin Color by Melanin Index According to Site, Gestational Age, Birth Weight and Season of Birth in Korean Neonates (2005)

Human skin color shows variations throughout life and influenced by various factors such as race, sex, age and hormones. Since the development of spectrophotometer, many studies on human skin color have been done. However, few studies have been carried out to measure the skin color of neonatal infants. The aim of our study was to assess the variations in skin color according to site, gestational age, birth weight and season of birth in Korean neonates. A total of 447 healthy neonates (3 days after birth, 213 males and 234 females) were enrolled in the present study. Skin pigmentation was measured by reflectance spectrophotometer (Derma-Spectrophotometer, Cortex technology, Hadsund, Denmark) at four different sites (forehead, upper arm, abdomen, and inguinal area). The forehead showed highest melanin index in all sites measured (p<0.05). There was no significant difference according to gestational age, birth weight, and season of birth. This result imply that the skin color in neonates is mainly determined genetically.
In vivo measurement of aromatase inhibition by letrozole (CGS 20267) in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer. (1995)

Thirteen postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer were enrolled in an open randomized Phase I trial of a new p.o. active aromatase inhibitor, CGS 20267 (letrozole). The primary aim of the trial was to assess the impact of two doses of letrozole (0.5 and 2. 5 mg/day) on the peripheral aromatization of androstenedione to estrone. An in vivo isotopic technique was used to measure peripheral aromatization in each patient before treatment. The patients were then randomly assigned to one of the two doses, and measurements of aromatization were repeated after 6 weeks. At 0.5 mg and 2.5 mg/day, letrozole inhibited aromatization by 98.4% (97.3 to >99.1) and >98.9% (98.5 to >99.1; geometric means and ranges), respectively. Plasma estrogen levels were also measured before and during treatment. At the dose of 0.5 mg/day estrone and estradiol levels fell by 82.0% and 84.1% (geometric means), respectively. At the dose of 2.5 mg/ day, the estrogens fell by 80.8% and 68.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences between the doses in aromatase inhibition. No formal statistical analysis was performed on the estrogen data. Letrozole is therefore a highly effective inhibitor of aromatase, causing near complete inhibition of the enzyme in peripheral tissues at the doses investigated. The falls in estrogen levels were greater than those seen with earlier generation aromatase inhibitors.
Sequence of the dnaB gene of Salmonella typhimurium (1988)

The dnaB gene of Escherichia coli encodes a helicase that operates at replication forks of the bacterium and certain of its bacteriophages to produce separated strands suitable for subsequent use by primase and DNA polymerase III. Here, we present the sequence of the dnaB gene of Salmonella typhimurium, a functionally interchangeable analog of the E. coli dnaB gene. The DnaB proteins of these two organisms, inferred from the DNA sequences, are identical in length and in 93% of amino acid residues. Extended portions of the DnaB proteins are also similar to two phage-encoded DNA replication proteins: the gene 4 helicase-primase of coliphage T7 and, as reported previously (H. Backhaus and J. B. Petri, Gene 32: 289-303, 1984), the gene 12 protein of Salmonella phage P22. In contrast, little similarity was found between DnaB and either the UvrD repair helicase or transcription termination factor Rho (an RNA-DNA helicase). These results identify S. typhimurium DnaB as a member of the DnaB family of proteins by structural, as well as functional, criteria and provide the basis for the eventual identification, by mutational studies, of residues in DnaB critical for its function.