gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The pH of Multi-Purpose Soft Contact Lens Solutions (1996)

Contact lens patient discomfort has been linked to the pH of lens care solutions differing from that of tears. To determine if this is a potential problem with multi-purpose soft contact lens solutions, we used a Fisher Scientific Accumet 950 pH/ion meter (accuracy +/- 0.05 pH units) to measure the pH of 3 multi-purpose solutions-Alcon's Opti-One, Allergan's Complete, and Bausch & Lomb's ReNu. The resulting pH values were compared to the threshold for ocular awareness, which is outside the zone of 6.6 to 7.8, and the pH value of tears of 7.45. Each solution was dispensed and measured daily over a 23- to 36-day period using 15-ml increments to simulate the amount used on a daily basis. The average pH of solutions tested were 7.18 +/- 0.02 for ReNu, 6.97 +/- 0.02 for Opti-One, and 7.55 +/- 0.02 for Complete. The highest and lowest pH values of all three multi-purpose solutions were found to be within the zone of ocular comfort and remained within a narrow value range throughout the testing period. Therefore, pH-induced discomfort is unlikely to occur when using these solutions on a daily basis. Nonetheless, practitioners should select lens care products carefully to ensure that the prescribed regimen meets the patient's needs.
Color and Constitution. IV.<sup>1</sup> The Absorption of Phenol Blue (1941)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColor and Constitution. IV.1 The Absorption of Phenol BlueL. G. S. Brooker and R. H. SpragueCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1941, 63, 11, 3214–3215Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1941Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1941https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01856a088https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01856a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views254Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
문화유형과 정서의 차이 : 한국인의 정서 이해를 위한 시론 (1997)

한국인의 성서 이해를 위한 개념틀을 마련해 보기 위하여 본고에서는 집단주의-개인주의 문화권에서의 정서체험과 그 표출의 차이에 관한 연구들과 유학 사상에서의 정서이론을 개관하였다. 집단주의 문화에서는 의존성·자기억제·행위의 가변성을 강조하기 때문에 타인 중심적 정서의 체험, 정서의 체험, 정서 표현의 억제 및 부적 정서의 수용과 이를 통한 자기 개선을...
Enhancement of Interferon Antiviral Action in L-Cells by Cyclic Nucleotides (1974)

Experiments were described in which mouse L-929 cells were exposed to cAMP and various related cyclic nucleotides. One cyclic nucleotide, 6-MT-PRcP, enhanced IF activity as much as 16 to 32-fold when cells were exposed to a 10-2M concentration for 4 hr prior to compound removal and addition of IF. Treatment of cells with 8-BrcAMP and 8-MTcAMP resulted in a 4-fold increase, whereas cAMP, DBcAMP, 8-BTcAMP, and 8-CPTcAMP produced a 2-fold increase. The exact nature of the IF enhancement by these cyclic nucleotides is unknown and may not be the same for all the cyclic nucleotides tested. It is possible that exposure to cyclic nucleotides may alter cells such that they behave as cells under limited growth conditions which respond well to IF.
Estimating and controlling UAV position using RGB-D/IMU data fusion with decentralized information/Kalman filter (2015)

This paper proposes a 3D data capture system, based on the fusion of data coming from an active depth sensor and a inertial measurement unit (IMU), to determine the position of an aerial unmanned vehicle (UAV) in indoor environments, for control purposes. Firstly, the method adopted to detect the vehicle through using a sequence of RGB-D images. After that, the information provided by the active depth sensor is fused with the data provided by the IMU onboard the vehicle, using a Decentralized Kalman Filter (DKF) and a Decentralized Information Filter (DIF), whose performance are compared. In the sequel, a nonlinear controller is used for positioning the UAV. Finally, the performance differences between the DKF and the DIF are highlighted, as well as the divergence between the results of the depth sensor and the inertial one, in experiments involving abrupt maneuvers to induce estimation errors in the inertial unit, to check the effectiveness of the developed 3D data capture system.
Evolutionary Diversification of DNA Methyltransferases in Eukaryotic Genomes (2005)

In eukaryotes, C5-cytosine methylation is a common mechanism associated with a variety of functions such as gene regulation or control of genomic stability. Different subfamilies of eukaryotic methyltransferases (MTases) have been identified, mainly in metazoa, plants, and fungi. In this paper, we used hidden Markov models to detect MTases in completed or almost completed eukaryotic genomes, including different species of Protozoa. A phylogenetic analysis of MTases enabled us to define six subfamilies of MTases, including two new subfamilies. The dnmt1 subfamily that includes all the known MTases with a maintenance activity seems to be absent in the Protozoa. The dnmt2 subfamily seems to be the most widespread, being present even in the nonmethylated Dictyostelium discoideum. We also found two dnmt2 members in the bacterial genus Geobacter, suggesting that horizontal transfers of MTases occurred between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Even if the direction of transfer cannot be determined, this relationship might be useful for understanding the function of this enigmatic subfamily of MTases. Globally, our analysis reveals a great diversity of MTases in eukaryotes, suggesting the existence of different methylation systems. Our results also suggest acquisitions and losses of different MTases in every eukaryotic lineage studied and that some eukaryotes appear to be devoid of methylation.
Use of text syntactical structures in detection of document duplicates (2008)

This is the first paper on a set of experiments addressing issues related to the determination of text similarity using a combined syntactical representation and string alignment techniques. The suggested approach takes advantage of document syntactical structure manifested in Part of Speech (POS) tags and uses it as a basis for further processing. Documents, including the query, are pre-processed using a POS tagger converting them into a reduced string that captures some of the writing style of authors and some of the semantics of the written text. This provides means of representing a document on a higher level of abstraction that captures the different alterations that can be done on documents that are similar in origin and possibly in style. This in turn enables processing of such documents using many of the available string manipulation and matching algorithms. This work is inspired and driven by the parallel between text processing and sequence alignment in computational biology. Sequence alignment techniques are used to analyze and establish the utility of using strings produced as a result of this syntactical representation of content.
Experimental Investigation on Extended Expansion Engine (EEE) (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper deals with the experimental investigation carried out to study the effect of expansion ratio (ER) on the brake thermal efficiency of a spark ignition ( S.I. ) engine. Intake valve closure timing (IVCT) and clearance volume have been suitably altered to achieve different ERs and compression ratios (CRs). For the modified engines the ratio of ER to CR ranges from 1:1 to 2.27:1, for CRs of 6,7, and 8:1. The results have been compared with the standard version of the engine with compression ratio of 7 and 8:1.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Brake thermal efficiency improvement up to 35% has been achieved with a combination of variable IVCT (VIVCT) and variable CR (VCR) at part - load operation. Results show that in this system CR can be lowered without penalizing the thermal efficiency of the engine. Results indicate that the thermal efficiency of an Extended Expansion Engine with a CR of 6:1 and ER/CR equal to 1.5 is equal to the thermal efficiency of a standard engine with a CR of 8:1. Pumping loss is considerably reduced at lower power outputs. Pumping losses at lower outputs can be made equal to the loss at WOT operation of a standard engine.</div>
Identification of Penumbra and Infarct in Acute Ischemic Stroke Using Computed Tomography Perfusion–Derived Blood Flow and Blood Volume Measurements (2006)

We have shown in a limited sample of patients that CBF and CBV obtained from CTP can be sensitive and specific for infarction and should be investigated further in a prospective trial to assess their utility for differentiating between infarct and penumbra.
Disulfide Formation and Stability of a Cysteine-Rich Repeat Protein from <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (2006)

Helicobacter pylori cysteine-rich proteins (Hcps) are disulfide-containing repeat proteins. The repeating unit is a 36-residue, disulfide-bridged, helix-loop-helix motif. We use the protein HcpB, which has four repeats and four disulfide bridges arrayed in tandem, as a model to determine the thermodynamic stability of a disulfide-rich repeat protein and to study the formation and the contribution to stability of the disulfide bonds. When the disulfide bonds are intact, the chemical unfolding of HcpB at pH 5 is cooperative and can be described by a two-state reaction. Thermal unfolding is reversible between pH 2 and 5 and irreversible at higher pH 5. Differential scanning calorimetry shows noncooperative structural changes preceding the main thermal unfolding transition. Unfolding of the oxidized protein is not an all-or-none two-state process, and the disulfide bonds prevent complete unfolding of the polypeptide chain. The reduced protein is significantly less stable and does not unfold in a cooperative way. During oxidative refolding of the fully reduced protein, all the possible disulfide intermediates with a correct disulfide bond are formed. Formation of "wrong" (non-native) disulfide bonds could not be demonstrated, indicating that the reduced protein already has some partial repeating structure. There is a major folding intermediate with disulfides in the second, third, and fourth repeat and reduced cysteines in the first repeat. Disulfide formation in the first repeat limits the overall rate of oxidative refolding and contributes about half of the thermodynamic stability to native HcpB, estimated as 27 kJ mol(-1) at 25 degrees C and pH 7. The high contribution to stability of the first repeat may be explained by the repeat acting as a cap to protect the hydrophobic interior of the molecule.
A low dark current double membrane poly-Si FT-technology for 2/3 inch 6M pixel CCD imagers (2003)

A 2/3 inch optical format 6M pixel FF-CCD image sensor with pixel dimensions of 3/spl times/3 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ is reported for the first time. To realize a low dark current of 800 pA/cm/sup 2/ at 60/spl deg/C, a high charge handling capacity of 40 kel/pixel, and a high dynamic range of 63 dB, this sensor uses the following key processing technologies: 1) an adapted and improved (in comparison to previously reported work) double membrane poly-Si gate technology with ND processing, 2) an improved supply of hydrogen to the active Si/SiO/sub 2/ interface, 3) an optimized front-end technology.
Catalytic Seawater Flue Gas Desulfurization Model (2009)

A model of a seawater flue gas desulfurization process (SFGD) where oxidation of the absorbed SO(2) is catalyzed by activated carbon is presented. The modeled SFGD process is comprised of two main units, an absorption packed scrubber, where SO(2) absorption takes place, and an oxidation basin, where the absorbed SO(2) is catalytically oxidized to sulfate, a natural component of seawater. The model takes into account the complex physical-chemical features of the process, combining mass-transfer, kinetics and equilibrium equations, and considering the electrolyte nature of the liquid phase. The model was validated with data from a SFGD pilot plant and a sensitivity analysis was performed, showing its predictive capability. The model is a useful tool for designing industrial desulfurization units with seawater.
Video-based characters (2011)

We present a method to synthesize plausible video sequences of humans according to user-defined body motions and viewpoints. We first capture a small database of multi-view video sequences of an actor performing various basic motions. This database needs to be captured only once and serves as the input to our synthesis algorithm. We then apply a marker-less model-based performance capture approach to the entire database to obtain pose and geometry of the actor in each database frame. To create novel video sequences of the actor from the database, a user animates a 3D human skeleton with novel motion and viewpoints. Our technique then synthesizes a realistic video sequence of the actor performing the specified motion based only on the initial database. The first key component of our approach is a new efficient retrieval strategy to find appropriate spatio-temporally coherent database frames from which to synthesize target video frames. The second key component is a warping-based texture synthesis approach that uses the retrieved most-similar database frames to synthesize spatio-temporally coherent target video frames. For instance, this enables us to easily create video sequences of actors performing dangerous stunts without them being placed in harm's way. We show through a variety of result videos and a user study that we can synthesize realistic videos of people, even if the target motions and camera views are different from the database content.
Expression of Fas and Fas Ligand After Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury in the Rat (2000)

Apoptotic cell death plays an important role in the cascade of neuronal degeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. However, increasing evidence suggests that expression of Fas and its ligand (FasL) could play a major role in mediating apoptotic cell death in acute and chronic neurologic disorders. To further investigate the temporal pattern of Fas and FasL expression after experimental TBI in the rat, male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral cortical impact injury. The animals were killed and examined for Fas and FasL protein expression and for immunohistologic analysis at intervals from 15 minutes to 14 days after injury. Increased Fas and FasL immunoreactivity was seen in the cortex ipsilateral to the injury site from 15 minutes to 72 hours after the trauma, respectively. Immunohistologic investigation demonstrated a differential pattern of Fas and FasL expression in the cortex, respectively: increased Fas immunoreactivity was seen in cortical astrocytes and neurons from 15 minutes to 72 hours after the injury. In contrast, increased expression of FasL was seen in cortical neurons, astrocytes, and microglia from 15 minutes to 72 hours after impact injury. Concurrent double-labeling examinations using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine-biotin nick end labeling identified Fas- and FasL-immunopositive cells with high frequency in the cortex ipsilateral to the injury site. In contrast, there was no evidence of Fas- and FasL-immunopositive cells in the hippocampus ipsilateral to the injury site up to 14 days after the trauma. Further, Fas and FasL immunoreactivity was absent in the contralateral cortex and hippocampus at all time points investigated. These results reveal induction of Fas and FasL expression in the cortex after TBI in the rat. Further, these data implicate an involvement of Fas and FasL in the pathophysiologic mechanism of apoptotic neurodegeneration after TBI. Last, these data suggest that strategies aimed to repress posttraumatic Fas- and FasL-induced apoptosis may open new perspectives for the treatment of TBI.
Improving semantic texton forests with a Markov random field for image segmentation (2014)

Semantic image segmentation is a major and challenging problem in computer vision, which has been widely researched over decades. Recent approaches attempt to exploit contextual information at different levels to improve the segmentation results. In this paper, we propose a new approach for combining semantic texton forests (STFs) and Markov random fields (MRFs) for improving segmentation. STFs allow fast computing of texton codebooks for powerful low-level image feature description. MRFs, with the most effective algorithm in message passing for training, will smooth out the segmentation results of STFs using pairwise coherent information between neighboring pixels. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method on two well-known benchmark datasets including the 21-class MSRC dataset and the VOC 2007 dataset. The experimental results show that our method impressively improved the segmentation results of STFs. Especially, our method successfully recognizes many challenging image regions that STFs failed to do.
Magnetic-Based Motion Control of Paramagnetic Microparticles With Disturbance Compensation (2014)

Magnetic systems have the potential to control the motion of microparticles and microrobots during targeted drug delivery. During their manipulation, a nominal magnetic force-current map is usually derived and used as a basis of the control system design. However, the inevitable mismatch between the nominal and actual force-current maps along with external disturbances affects the positioning accuracy of the motion control system. In this paper, we devise a control system that allows for the realization of the nominal magnetic force-current map and the point-to-point positioning of paramagnetic microparticles. This control is accomplished by estimating and rejecting the 2-D disturbance forces using an inner loop based on a disturbance force observer. In addition, an outer loop is utilized to achieve stable dynamics of the overall magnetic system. The control system is implemented on a magnetic system for controlling microparticles of paramagnetic material, which experience magnetic forces that are related to the gradient of the field-squared. We evaluate the performance of our control system by analyzing the transient- and steady-state characteristics of the controlled microparticle for two cases. The first case is done without estimating and rejecting the mismatch and the disturbance forces, whereas the second case is done while compensating for these disturbance forces. We do not only obtain 17% faster response during the transient state, but we are also able to achieve 23% higher positioning accuracy in the steady state for the second case (compensating disturbance forces). Although the focus of this paper is on the wireless magnetic-based control of paramagnetic microparticle, the presented control system is general and can be adapted to control microrobots.
Biosynthesis of the anti‐parasitic agent megalomicin: transformation of erythromycin to megalomicin in <i>Saccharopolyspora erythraea</i> (2000)

Megalomicin is a therapeutically diverse compound which possesses antiparasitic, antiviral and antibacterial properties. It is produced by Micromonospora megalomicea and differs from the well-known macrolide antibiotic erythromycin by the addition of a unique deoxyamino sugar, megosamine, to the C-6 hydroxyl. We have cloned and sequenced a 48 kb segment of the megalomicin (meg) biosynthetic gene cluster which contains the modular polyketide synthase (PKS) and the complete pathway for megosamine biosynthesis. The similarities and distinctions between the related megalomicin and erythromycin gene clusters are discussed. Heterologous expression of the megalomicin PKS in Streptomyces lividans led to production of 6-deoxyerythronolide B, the same macrolactone intermediate for erythromycin. A 12 kb fragment harbouring the putative megosamine pathway was expressed in Saccharopolyspora erythraea, resulting in the conversion of erythromycin to megalomicin. Considering the extensive knowledge surrounding the genetic engineering of the erythromycin PKS and the familiarity with genetic manipulation and fermentation of S. erythraea, the ability to produce megalomicin in this strain should allow the engineering of novel megalomicin analogues with potentially improved therapeutic activities.
Measurement error elimination of matter flow velocity taking into account its physical parameters (2005)

Problems of origination of a radiowave flow-meter complementary error are studied. A method of a matter flow rate measurement with simultaneous determination of its qualitative composition according to change of electrophysical parameters is proposed. Analysis of this method and the meter block diagram as apart of its realization is carried out
Broadband ultra-thin acoustic metasurface absorber (2019)

We theoretically and experimentally propose two designs of broadband low-frequency acoustic metasurface absorbers (Sample I/Sample II) for the frequency ranges of 458Hz~968Hz and 231Hz~491Hz (larger than 1 octave), with absorption larger than 0.8, and having the ultra-thin thickness of 5.2cm and 10.4cm respectively (λ/15 for the lowest working frequency and λ/7.5 for the highest frequency). The designed supercell consists of 16 different unit cells corresponding to 16 eigen frequencies for resonant absorptions. The coupling of multiple resonances leads to broadband absorption effect in the full range of the targeted frequency spectrum. In particular, we propose to combine gradient-change channel and coiled structure to achieve simultaneous impedance matching and minimal occupied space, leading to the ultra-thin thickness of the metasurface absorbers. Our conceived ultra-thin low-frequency broadband absorbers may lead to pragmatic implementations and applications in noise control field.
Research advances in treatment of spent caustic of ethylene cracking (2007)

The research progress in several technologies for the comprehensive treatment of spent caustic of ethylene cracking,including the removal of oil,the treatment of left alkali and sulfide,is summarized.The development trend of the treatment of the spent caustic of ethylene cracking is presented that the spent caustic can be regenerated and the regenerated caustic can be circulated for alkali wash.Meanwhile,the countermeasures are put forward to solve the problems with the technologies for the regeneration of spent caustic of ethylene cracking in desulfurization and decarbonization.
The PADRES Distributed Publish/Subscribe System. (2005)

Abstract. Workflow management systems are traditionally centralized, creating a single point of failure and a scalability bottleneck. In collaboration with Cybermation, Inc., we have developed a content-based publish/subscribe platform, called PADRES, which is a distributed middleware