gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Temporal analysis of the anti-inflammatory effects of decentralization of the rat superior cervical ganglia (1994)

Bilateral decentralization of the superior cervical ganglia (SCG) reduced the pulmonary inflammation that develops 4-8 h after induction of anaphylaxis in Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-sensitized rats. Histamine levels in peritoneal lavage fluid and rat mast cell protease type II in serum were increased to comparable levels in sham-operated and decentralized rats. In vitro stimulation of alveolar macrophages (ALM) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) provoked tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release that was two to three times greater with unchallenged decentralized rats than with sham-operated rats. However, after allergen challenge LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha release from ALM of sham-operated rats increased threefold and lasted at least 24 h, whereas with decentralized rats release of this cytokine actually decreased at 4 and 8 h. The increase in the phagocytosis and respiratory burst of circulating neutrophils seen at 4 and 8 h after allergen challenge in sham-operated rats was reduced significantly by decentralization. These results suggest that the attenuation of anaphylaxis-induced pulmonary inflammation that occurs with decentralization of the SCG is primarily associated with downregulation of neutrophil and macrophage functions.
Numerical Solution of the Eigenvalue Problem for Hermitian Toeplitz Matrices (1989)

An iterative procedure is proposed for computing the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of Hermitian Toeplitz matrices. The computational cost per eigenvalue-eigenvector for a matrix of order n is $O(n^2 )$ in serial mode. Results of numerical experiments on Kac–Murdock–Szegö matrices and randomly generated real symmetric Toeplitz matrices of orders 100, 150, 300, 500, and 1,000 are included.
Romania, Overseas Adoption and the White Paper (1994)

In the 1993 White Paper on adoption, one of the Government's stated objectives is that the wishes of parents here to adopt a child from overseas should be respected and in all suitable cases supported and facilitated. The need for balanced and objective assessments is emphasised, as is the need to comply with the principles of the 1993 Hague Convention (yet to be ratified). Dawn Watkins argues that it is vital that we learn from the Romanian experience in determining exactly which cases are suitable for the purposes of intercountry adoption.
Real-time OFDM transmitter beyond 100 Gbit/s (2011)

Real-time OFDM transmitters breaking the 100 Gbit/s barrier require high-performance, usually FPGA-based digital signal processing. Especially the Fourier transform as a key operation of any OFDM system must be optimized with respect to performance and chip area utilization. Here, we demonstrate an alternative to the widely adopted fast Fourier transform algorithm. Based on an extensive yet optimized use of pre-set look-up tables, our FPGA implementation supports fast reconfigurable channel equalization and switching times in the nanosecond range without re-loading any code. We demonstrate the potential of the concept by realizing the first real-time single polarization OFDM transmitter generating a 101.5 Gbit/s data stream by modulating 58 subcarriers with 16QAM.
Benzodioxole chemistry. 3. Preparation and selected reactions of 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1,3-benzodioxole-2,8-diones. Novel hydroxide ion induced aromatization of carbonyl-bridged cyclic carbonates (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBenzodioxole chemistry. 3. Preparation and selected reactions of 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1,3-benzodioxole-2,8-diones. Novel hydroxide ion induced aromatization of carbonyl-bridged cyclic carbonatesErnest A. Harrison Jr.Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 11, 1807–1811Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01325a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01325a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views197Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lumbar Lordosis (1997)

Lumbar lordosis while standing was nearly 50% greater on average than sitting lumbar lordosis. The clinical significance of this data may pertain to: 1) the known correlation of increased intradiscal pressure with sitting, which may be caused by this decrease in lordosis; 2) the benefit of a sitting lumbar support that increases lordosis; and 3) the consideration of an appropriate degree of lordosis in fusion of the lumbar spine.
Viscoelasticity of biofilms and their recalcitrance to mechanical and chemical challenges (2015)

We summarize different studies describing mechanisms through which bacteria in a biofilm mode of growth resist mechanical and chemical challenges. Acknowledging previous microscopic work describing voids and channels in biofilms that govern a biofilms response to such challenges, we advocate a more quantitative approach that builds on the relation between structure and composition of materials with their viscoelastic properties. Biofilms possess features of both viscoelastic solids and liquids, like skin or blood, and stress relaxation of biofilms has been found to be a corollary of their structure and composition, including the EPS matrix and bacterial interactions. Review of the literature on viscoelastic properties of biofilms in ancient and modern environments as well as of infectious biofilms reveals that the viscoelastic properties of a biofilm relate with antimicrobial penetration in a biofilm. In addition, also the removal of biofilm from surfaces appears governed by the viscoelasticity of a biofilm. Herewith, it is established that the viscoelasticity of biofilms, as a corollary of structure and composition, performs a role in their protection against mechanical and chemical challenges. Pathways are discussed to make biofilms more susceptible to antimicrobials by intervening with their viscoelasticity, as a quantifiable expression of their structure and composition.
Oncogenic and invasive potentials of human macrophage-stimulating protein receptor, the RON receptor tyrosine kinase (2003)

The product of the RON (recepteur d'origine nantais) gene belongs to the MET proto-oncogene family, a distinct subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases. The ligand of RON was identified as macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), a member of the plasminogen-related growth factor family. RON is mainly expressed in cells of epithelial origin and is required for embryonic development. In vitro RON activation results in epithelial cell dissociation, migration and matrix invasion, suggesting that RON might be involved in the pathogenesis of certain epithelial cancers in vivo. Indeed, recent studies have shown that RON expression is significantly altered in several primary human cancers, including those of the breast and colon. Truncation of the RON protein has also been found in primary tumors from the gastrointestinal tract. These alterations lead to constitutive activation of RON that causes cell transformation in vitro, induces neoplasm formation in athymic nude mice, and promotes tumor metastasis into the lung. Studies employing transgenic models further demonstrated that over-expression of RON in lung epithelial cells results in multiple tumor formation with features of large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. The oncogenic activities of RON are mediated by RON-transduced signals that promote unbalanced cell growth and transformation leading to tumor development. Thus, abnormal accumulation and activation of RON could play a critical role in vivo in the progression of certain malignant human epithelial cancers.
The Use of Platelet‐Rich Plasma in Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine: Optimizing the Healing Environment (2010)

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a new technology focused on enhancing the healing response after injury of different tissue types. PRP is prepared by withdrawal of patients' peripheral blood and centrifugation to obtain a highly concentrated sample of platelets, which undergo degranulation to release growth factors with healing properties. It also contains plasma, cytokines, thrombin, and other growth factors that are implicated in wound healing and have inherent biological and adhesive properties. The prepared concentrate is then injected back into the patient at the site of morbidity. This may be intralesional, intra-articular, or surrounding the involved tissue bed. PRP preparations have been used therapeutically in various medical fields from implantology to vascular ulcers, with a more recent evolution and promising results in the field of sports medicine and arthroscopy. Sports medicine patients desire a rapid return to their preinjury level of function, and PRP may have certain applications that will speed recovery in cases of tendon, ligament, muscle, and cartilage disorders. In particular, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has shown better autograft maturation, improved donor site morbidity, and pain control, in addition to improved allograft incorporation. By acceleration of the biological integration of the graft by use of PRP, patients may undergo faster, more intensive rehabilitation programs and return to sports more rapidly. Because of its autogenous origin, easy preparation, and excellent safety profile, the advent of PRP has opened another therapeutic door for sports medicine physicians and orthopaedic surgeons. Future directions of PRP include improving the results of arthroscopic and related surgery, in addition to delineating correct dosage, timing, and quantification, as well as ideal techniques of PRP application.
Design and evaluation of a voice conversion algorithm based on spectral envelope mapping and residual prediction (2002)

The purpose of a voice conversion (VC) system is to change the perceived speaker identity of a speech signal. We propose an algorithm based on converting the LPC spectrum and predicting the residual as a function of the target envelope parameters. We conduct listening tests based on speaker discrimination of same/difference pairs to measure the accuracy by which the converted voices match the desired target voices. To establish the level of human performance as a baseline, we first measure the ability of listeners to discriminate between original speech utterances under three conditions: normal, fundamental frequency and duration normalized, and LPC coded. Additionally, the spectral parameter conversion function is tested in isolation by listening to source, target, and converted speakers as LPC coded speech. The results show that the speaker identity of speech whose LPC spectrum has been converted can be recognized as the target speaker with the same level of performance as discriminating between LPC coded speech. However, the level of discrimination of converted utterances produced by the full VC system is significantly below that of speaker discrimination of natural speech.
Sketching, scaffolding, and inking (2007)

Inspired by the comic-book production pipeline, a method is proposed for integrating visual aspects of the sketching process into 3D sketch-based modeling systems. In particular, artist-drawn construction aids called visual scaffolding are explored. Two scaffolding components which simulate elements of pencil sketching, geometric massing and eraser marks, are integrated into a rendering pipeline which also includes a suite of new object-space techniques for high-fidelity pen-and-ink depiction of implicit surfaces. Based on a hybrid, hierarchical approach which leverages both the implicit surface definition and an underlying coarse tessellation, new methods are described for computing silhouettes, suggestive contours, surface stippling, and surfel-based visibility culling. These techniques are real-time but require no pre-computation, allowing them to be applied to dynamic hierarchical implicit surfaces, and are demonstrated in ShapeShop, an interactive sketch-based modeling tool. The result is a real-time display pipeline which composites these novel scaffolding and pen-and-ink techniques to depict a visual history of the modeling process.
Role of Thermochemical Conversion in Livestock Waste-to-Energy Treatments:  Obstacles and Opportunities (2007)

Integrating thermochemical conversion (TCC) technologies with current animal waste treatment practices can treat and reduce quantities of manure from consolidated animal feeding operations. Additionally, TCC technologies can produce value-added, renewable energy products. These products can meet heating and power needs or be catalytically converted into liquid fuels. The primary objectives of this study were to assess opportunities and obstacles in the treatment and energy conversion using currently available TCC processes. Both dry and wet livestock manures were assessed. Dry wastes like poultry litter and feedlot manures can be processed directly via pyrolysis and air/steam gasification technology. The solids in the aqueous waste streams from dairy and swine operations can undergo wet gasification or direct liquefaction processes. Alternatively, these solids can be separated and dried before conversion. Due to high ash and sulfur contents, pretreatment of manure is necessary to prevent catalyst poisoning and promote effective unit operation. While the energy input requirements for a conceptual wet gasification manure treatment system of a model swine farm is larger than a traditional anaerobic digestion operation, there are many significant advantages in implementing TCC technology including the following: compact design; faster treatment times; reduction of odors, BOD, and pharmaceutically activated compounds; and elimination of sludge.
Numerical Algorithms for Polyenergetic Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Reconstruction (2010)

Digital tomosynthesis imaging is becoming increasingly significant in a variety of medical imaging applications. Tomosynthesis imaging involves the acquisition of a series of projection images over a limited angular range, which, after reconstruction, results in a pseudo–three-dimensional (3D) representation of the imaged object. The partial separation of features in the third dimension improves the visibility of lesions of interest by reducing the effect of the superimposition of tissues. In breast cancer imaging, tomosynthesis is a viable alternative to standard mammography; however, current algorithms for image reconstruction do not take into account the polyenergetic nature of the x-ray source beam entering the object. This results in inaccuracies in the reconstruction, making quantitative analysis challenging and allowing for beam hardening artifacts. In this paper, we develop a mathematical framework based on a polyenergetic model and develop statistically based iterative methods for digital tomosynthesis reconstruction for breast imaging. By applying our algorithms to simulated data, we illustrate the success of our methods in suppressing beam hardening artifacts and improving the overall quality of the reconstruction.
Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Photonic Crystals by Three‐Dimensional Holographic Lithography (2008)

Well-defined three dimensional photonic crystals (PCs) of hydrogels are fabricated by prism holographic lithography over large areas. The hydrogel PCs, swollen in the humidity of air, show a tunable optical stop-band in response to temperature. The thermoresponsive behavior is caused by viscoelastic deformation upon temperature change, which is investigated by capturing the structure with silica.
Tracking and occlusion handling in multi-sensor networks by particle filter (2011)

In this paper we propose a multi sensor tracking method. Tracking is done independently for each view. Fusing several cues including color, edge, texture and motion constrained by structure of environment is used in a novel way and in particle filter framework. The results of individual image planes are projected to ground plane using homography relation. The similarity of projected locations with the reference model and minimum variance estimate are two key points to evaluate the location of the target. Also, we introduce a method based on two views tracking to handle occlusion. Robust statistic is used to declare an occlusion in one view. Homography relation and inter-frame transformation are the tools to cancel the occlusion. Experimental results show the robustness and accuracy of the proposed method.
Borna Disease Virus Replicates in Astrocytes, Schwann Cells and Ependymal Cells in Persistently Infected Rats: Location of Viral Genomic and Messenger RNAs by<i>In Situ</i>Hybridization (1991)

Borna disease (BD) is an immune-mediated neurological disease caused by infection of the nervous system with a negative strand RNA virus, Borna disease virus (BDV). The host range for BDV is broad and extends from birds to primates. A BDV-like agent may cause disease in humans. Until recently, BDV-infected neural cells could only be identified immunocytochemically using serum from BDV-infected animals. The advent of BDV cDNA clones allowed definition of the relationship between viral nucleic acids and viral proteins in vivo. In situ hybridization with strand-specific RNA probes from a BDV cDNA clone, pAF4, identified BDV genomic RNA and BDV mRNAs in neurons, astrocytes, Schwann cells and ependymal cells in an anatomic distribution consistent with that of BDV proteins. Genomic RNA was contained primarily within the nucleus, whereas mRNAs were found in both the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Viral RNAs were demonstrated in neurons expressing BDV proteins and in glial cells by combined techniques of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization.
Privacy-Preserving Medical Treatment System Through Nondeterministic Finite Automata (2020)

In this article, we propose a privacy-preserving medical treatment system using nondeterministic finite automata (NFA), hereafter referred to as P-Med, designed for remote medical environment. P-Med makes use of the nondeterministic transition characteristic of NFA to flexibly represent medical model, which includes illness states, treatment methods and state transitions caused by exerting different treatment methods. A medical model is encrypted and outsourced to cloud to deliver telemedicine service. Using P-Med, patient-centric diagnosis and treatment can be made on-the-fly while protecting the confidentiality of patient’s illness states and treatment recommendation results. Moreover, a new privacy-preserving NFA evaluation method is given in P-Med to get a confidential match result for the evaluation of an encrypted NFA and an encrypted data set, which avoids the cumbersome inner state transition determination. We demonstrate that P-Med realizes treatment procedure recommendation without privacy leakage to unauthorized parties. We conduct extensive experiments and analysis to evaluate the efficiency.
Analysis of lamb wave propagation characteristics in rotated Y‐cut X‐propagation LiNbO<sub>3</sub> plates (1986)

Abstract Lamb wave propagation characteristics in rotated Y‐cut X‐propagation LiNbO 3 plates are analyzed theoretically as a parameter of the rotation angle of the crystal to elucidate velocity dispersion characteristics, mechanical displacement and electric potential, and electromechanical coupling constants. Calculation results show Lamb wave propagation characteristics in the 90° rotated Z‐cut plate and the 128° rotated Y‐cut plate. The zero‐order symmetrical mode at a 0° rotation angle (Y‐cut) has a high coupling constant over 20 percent. The zero‐order symmetrical and antisymmetrical modes degenerate with a plate thickness more than three wavelengths and become the Rayleigh wave range in substance. In measurement of the central frequency of the Lamb wave filter, the experimental results agree well with the theoretical analysis and the analytical results by this method are useful in constructing Lamb wave devices using interdigital transducers.
Dynamically controlled Purcell enhancement of visible spontaneous emission in a gated plasmonic heterostructure (2017)

Emission control of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) is a cornerstone of modern high-quality lighting and display technologies. Dynamic emission control of colloidal QDs in an optoelectronic device is usually achieved by changing the optical pump intensity or injection current density. Here we propose and demonstrate a distinctly different mechanism for the temporal modulation of QD emission intensity at constant optical pumping rate. Our mechanism is based on the electrically controlled modulation of the local density of optical states (LDOS) at the position of the QDs, resulting in the modulation of the QD spontaneous emission rate, far-field emission intensity, and quantum yield. We manipulate the LDOS via field effect-induced optical permittivity modulation of an ultrathin titanium nitride (TiN) film, which is incorporated in a gated TiN/SiO<sub>2</sub>/Ag plasmonic heterostructure. The demonstrated electrical control of the colloidal QD emission provides a new approach for modulating intensity of light in displays and other optoelectronics.
Modeling of silicon photonics devices with Verilog-A (2014)

Passive and active silicon photonics devices are modeled using the Verilog-A language. The notion of bidirectional optical bus connecting devices is introduced. Models are implemented in SPICE electrical simulators and in standard EDA tools already used for CMOS circuit design.
A new and simple synthesis of benzimidazole N-oxides (1969)

R. Fielden, O. Meth-Cohn, D. Price and H. Suschitzky, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 772 DOI: 10.1039/C29690000772
<title>Scalable multicast feedback</title> (1999)

Within a few years, the number of live audio and video programs available on the Internet will increase dramatically. As the INternet grows as an entertainment medium, content providers are eager to access ratings information to know better what people are interested in and be able to personalize the programs. However, whereas it is easy to know how many people have connected to a given Web site, gathering rating about what multicast viewers are watching does not scale, because there could potentially by millions of viewers connected to a multicast group. This paper presents a novel scheme at the application level to gather feedback form multicast receivers in a scalable way. Our model based on the random sampling of receivers, scale well for very large group since we only need partial feedback to estimate the ratings.