gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase I clinical trial of isophosphamide (NSC-109724). (1975)

An initial clinical phase I trial of isophosphamide has been carried out at dose levels of 200-10,000 mg/m2 of body surface area using a single-dose, every-3-week schedule. Significant toxicity was not seen at isophosphamide dose levels less than 2900 mg/m2. At higher doses, nausea and vomiting was nearly universal. Hematologic toxicity manifested by leukopenia occurred in 12 of 20 patients treated with doses of 3800-7000 mg/m2. Thrombocytopenia to 100,000 platelets/mm3 was not seen in any patient. Urinary bladder toxicity manifested by hemorrhagic cystitis was seen in 15 of 23 patients treated with doses of 3800-10,000 mg/m2. Hemorrhagic cystitis could be completely prevented by bladder irrigation with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (1% solution, 2000 ml/day). With careful attention to hydration, renal toxicity was largely prevented with blood urea nitrogen elevations to 30 mg/dl in only two of 14 patients receiving isophosphamide doses of 5000-7000 mg/m2. Another side effect was central nervous system toxicity in seven of 17 patients at doses of 5000-10,000 mg/m2. For phase II trials a dose of 5000 mg/m2 is recommended, with careful attention to the state of hydration in the patient and with the knowledge that bladder irrigation may be necessary for the prevention and/or amelioration of bladder toxicity.
Optical carrier synthesis in coherent lightwave systems (1991)

The requirements for the optical sources for future coherent lightwave systems employing phase modulation techniques have been identified. A technique for generating many narrow linewidth optical channels has been proposed using an optical frequency-locked loop. This is seen as an interim solution until inexpensive moderately narrow linewidth monolithic lasers can be acquired. Then the option of designing a narrowband optical phase-locked loop with the possibility of line-narrowing and precise frequency offsets becomes available. Finally, the use of this optical frequency synthesiser has been considered in the design of a high capacity optical network.
Role of sulfur chirality in the chemical processes of biology (2005)

Chiral structures profoundly influence chemical and biological processes. While chiral carbon biomolecules have received much attention, chirality is also possible in certain sulfur compounds; just as with carbon, there can be differences in the physiological behavior of chiral sulfur compounds. For instance, one drug enantiomer, Nexium (esomeprazole, a chiral sulfoxide), is used for its superior clinical properties as a proton pump inhibitor over the racemic mixture, Prilosec (Losec, omeprazole). This critical review introduces sulfur stereochemistry and nomenclature, and provides a comprehensive approach to chiral sulfur compounds and their enzymatic reactions in general and secondary metabolism. The major structural types of biological interest are sulfonium salts, sulfoxides, and sulfoximines. (103 references).
View from the heart: cardiac fibroblasts in development, scarring and regeneration (2016)

In the adult, tissue repair after injury is generally compromised by fibrosis, which maintains tissue integrity with scar formation but does not restore normal architecture and function. The process of regeneration is necessary to replace the scar and rebuild normal functioning tissue. Here, we address this problem in the context of heart disease, and discuss the origins and characteristics of cardiac fibroblasts, as well as the crucial role that they play in cardiac development and disease. We discuss the dual nature of cardiac fibroblasts, which can lead to scarring, pathological remodelling and functional deficit, but can also promote heart function in some contexts. Finally, we review current and proposed approaches whereby regeneration could be fostered by interventions that limit scar formation.
Exploring the Use of a Drone to Guide Blind Runners (2016)

People with visual impairments have a hard time getting consistent physical exercise, as they can not do some exercises, such as running outside, without a sighted guide. People with visual impairments have been shown to have higher spatial localization skills than sighted people, which lead us to believe that they could follow a drone on a running-track environment. This paper presents a feasibility study where we investigate the ability to localize and follow a low-cost flying drone in people with visual impairments. A Wizard of Oz style study was conducted with 2 blind participants. Our results indicate that blind individuals can accurately localize the drone and follow it. Qualitative results also indicate that the participants were comfortable with following the drone and had high efficacy when it came to following and localizing the drone. The study supports future development of a fully functioning prototype.
FcγRII-mediated Adhesion and Phagocytosis Induce L-Plastin Phosphorylation in Human Neutrophils (1996)

L-Plastin is a calcium-regulated actin bundling protein expressed in leukocytes and some transformed cells, which is phosphorylated on serine in response to several different leukocyte-activating stimuli. Adhesion to immune complexes induced L-plastin phosphorylation in neutrophils, as did phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized particles, but insoluble immune complexes in suspension were very inefficient activators of L-plastin phosphorylation. Neutrophils express two IgG Fc receptors, the transmembrane FcgammaRII and the glycan phosphoinositol-linked FcgammaRIIIB. Use of monoclonal antibodies that distinguished the two Fc receptors demonstrated that FcgammaRII ligation was 100-fold more potent at signaling L-plastin phosphorylation than occupancy of FcgammaRIIIB. Depletion of intracellular calcium did not affect FcgammaRII-activated L-plastin phosphorylation, demonstrating that any potential regulation of plastin function by calcium did not affect its phosphorylation. Adhesion to immune complexes caused L-plastin to localize to podosomes, since it colocalized with actin to discrete, punctate Triton X-100-insoluble sites on the adherent neutrophil surface in a pattern indistinguishable from vinculin and alpha-actinin. Nonetheless, localization to podosomes was not required for L-plastin phosphorylation, since both neutrophils from a patient with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (CD18 deficiency) and neutrophils treated with anti-CD18 F(ab')2, which do not form podosomes upon adhesion to immune complexes, phosphorylated L-plastin normally. Indeed, L-plastin was normally phosphorylated in response to adhesion to immune complexes even when the actin cytoskeleton was disrupted with cytochalasin D. We conclude that efficient FcgammaRII-mediated phosphorylation of L-plastin requires cell adhesion but does not require IgG-induced rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. These data suggest a model in which plastin phosphorylation and localization to the actin cytoskeleton can act as two distinct mechanisms regulating L-plastin functions in neutrophils adherent to immune complexes.
FIBER SENSORS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS (1997)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text M. Lequime, "FIBER SENSORS FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS," in 12th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Vol. 16 of 1997 OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 1997), paper OTuD1. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Electrochemical Investigations of SrTiO3 Boundaries (1997)

Interfaces (grain boundaries and surfaces) are studied in acceptor (Fe) doped bicrystals, single crystals, and ceramics as a function of temperature , oxygen partial pressure , and Fe doping content using electrochemical methods. In particular, impedance spectroscopy and dc polarization techniques have been applied. The electrochemical investigation of tilt and twist grain boundaries in bicrystals combined with structural and chemical grain boundary charactization by transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction x‐ray analysis, and electron energy loss spectroscopy allowed us to clarify grain boundary effects in . The use of reversible (nonblocking) electrodes proves to be a convenient technique to measure conductivities without electrode effects, since blocking effects at the sample surface were minimized. These results have been compared with those obtained for grain boundaries in polycrystalline samples as well as with the interfaces between metallic electrodes and single crystals. Besides individual features, all findings at the investigated boundaries and interfaces could be consistently explained by the appearance of pronounced Schottky barriers which were composed of depletion layers of mobile majority charge carriers (h⋅, ).
Heuristics for finding a maximum number of disjoint bounded paths (1984)

Abstract We consider the following problem: Given an integer k and a network G with two distinct vertices s and t , find a maximum number of vertex disjoint paths from s to t of length bounded by k . In a recent work [9] it was shown that for length greater than four this problem is NP ‐hard. In this paper we present a polynomial heuristic algorithm for the problem for general length. The algorithm is proved to give optimal solution for length less than five. Experiments show very good results for the algorithm.
A Study on the Environmental Deterioration of Dental P.M.M.A. Bonded Parts (1979)

In this paper we describe an experimental study on the environmental\ndeterioration of dental polymethyl methacrylate bonded\nparts. As a result of this series of test and experiments, it was\nfound that no big difference was found in terms of tensile strength,\nbending strength and electron microphotography with regard to the\nbase material and the bonded materials after deterioration by\nweather and by calciumphosphate-glycerine. Roughness of the surface\nbecame a little finer after deterioration.
[Merkel's cell cancer]. (2005)

The authors present histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of a rare skin tumor--merkelioma.
Regulation of muscle glycogen synthase phosphorylation and kinetic properties by insulin, exercise, adrenaline and role in insulin resistance (2009)

In mammals, excess carbohydrate is stored as glycogen and glycogen synthase is the enzyme that incorporates glucose units into the glycogen particle. Glycogen synthase activity is regulated by phosphorylation and allosterically activated by glucose 6-phosphate. Phosphorylation of nine serines by different kinases regulates glycogen synthase affinity for glucose 6-phosphate and its substrate UDP-glucose. Glucose 6-phosphate increases both enzyme activity and substrate affinity. Insulin and exercise increase glycogen synthase affinity for glucose 6-phosphate and activity whereas high glycogen content and adrenaline decrease affinity for glucose 6-phosphate and activity. However, insulin, exercise and adrenaline also regulate intracellular concentration of glucose 6-phosphate which will influence in vivo glycogen synthase activity. Importantly, type 2 diabetes is associated with reduced insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase activation. The nine phosphorylation sites theoretically allow 512 combinations of phosphorylation configurations of glycogen synthase with different kinetic properties. However, due to hierarchal phosphorylation, the number of configurations in vivo is most likely much lower. Unfortunately, many studies only report data on glycogen synthase activity measured with high concentration of UDP-glucose which holds back information about changes in substrate affinity. In this paper we discuss the physiological regulation of glycogen synthase phosphorylation and how the phosphorylation pattern regulates glycogen synthase kinetic properties.
Hospital and medical staff strategic planning: developing an integrated approach. (1994)

The physician as the principal customer of the hospital is a relatively new concept, indicative of the shift to a more complete market orientation in strategic planning. Although medical staff and medical community dynamics receive increasing attention in strategic planning, much more sophistication is now needed to involve physicians constructively in strategic planning for the hospital and medical staff. While full consonance of physician and hospital plans may be achievable only in a completely integrated delivery system, there is considerable room for improvement in current organizational models.
Application of Ion Exchange Technology in Sugar Industry (2006)

.Application of ion exchange technology in the purification,epimerization analysis and detection of sugar was introduced.
Evaluation of protein modification during anti‐viral heat bioprocessing by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2001)

During the preparation of therapeutic plasma and recombinant protein biopharmaceuticals heat-treatment is routinely applied as a means of viral inactivation. However, as most proteins denature and aggregate under heat stress, it is necessary to add thermostabilizing excipients to protein formulations destined for anti-viral heat-treatment in order to prevent protein damage. Anti-viral heat-treatment bioprocessing therefore requires that a balance be found between the bioprocessing conditions, virus kill and protein integrity. In this study we have utilized a simple model protein, beta-lactoglobulin, to investigate the relationship between virucidal heat-treatment conditions (protein formulation and temperature) and the type and extent of protein modification in the liquid state. A variety of industrially relevant heat-treatments were undertaken, using formulations that included sucrose as a thermostabilizing excipient. Using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) we show here that protein modifications do occur with increasingly harsh heat-treatment. The predominant modification under these conditions was protein glycation by either glucose or fructose derived from hydrolyzed sucrose. Advanced glycation end products and additional unidentified products were also present in beta-lactoglobulin protein samples subjected to extended heat-treatment. These findings have implications for the improvement of anti-viral heat-treatment bioprocesses to ensure the safety and efficacy of protein biopharmaceuticals. CopyrightCopyright 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low Pressure Spark Gap (1981)

Abstract : Tests of an experimental low pressure spark gap Blumlein switch are presented. Gas flows from a pulsed valve into the gap at a steady rate through holes in the cathode and results in a steady pressure of about 0.1 Torr. The pressure outside the gap over the Blumelin insulator is much lower. Trigger electrodes are mounted in the grounded cathode. Initially the current rises exponentially with time with rate constant proportional to gas density. Measurements of rise time, jitter and voltage holding recovery time are presented for charge voltages up to 250 kV for variations of charge time, gas density, gas type and triggering method.
Frailty in Relation to the Accumulation of Deficits (2007)

This review article summarizes how frailty can be considered in relation to deficit accumulation. Recalling that frailty is an age-associated, nonspecific vulnerability, we consider symptoms, signs, diseases, and disabilities as deficits, which are combined in a frailty index. An individual's frailty index score reflects the proportion of potential deficits present in that person, and indicates the likelihood that frailty is present. Although based on a simple count, the frailty index shows several interesting properties, including a characteristic rate of accumulation, a submaximal limit, and characteristic changes with age in its distribution. The frailty index, as a state variable, is able to quantitatively summarize vulnerability. Future studies include the application of network analyses and stochastic analytical techniques to the evaluation of the frailty index and the description of other state variables in relation to frailty.
Visualization of trade-offs in optimization of integrated circuits with multiple objectives (2002)

In the field of circuit design and optimization, trade-offs often exist between the different circuit performances in the course of circuit optimization. For a particular setting of the designable parameters, the circuit will have its nominal set of responses and characteristic outputs, along with their measures of variability. As we try to improve some performance index, or to reduce the variabilities of some performance, some other objective (mean value of a response, or its variability) might become degraded, giving rise to trade-off situations between two or more circuit performances and/or their variabilities. This paper proposes a methodology for identifying the trade-offs by visualizing them in a qualitative manner, and using this information to direct the optimization process suitably to obtain the desirable performance statistics. This is accomplished by utilizing a novel concept of local Trade-off Matrices able to quickly characterize the existing trade-offs. Trade-offs corresponding to a different direction in the space of optimized parameters can be investigated, and suitable decisions can be made to direct the optimizer.
Three-Dimensional Cardiac Strain Estimation Using Spatio–Temporal Elastic Registration of Ultrasound Images: A Feasibility Study (2008)

Current ultrasound methods for measuring myocardial strain are often limited to measurements in one or two dimensions. Cardiac motion and deformation however are truly 3-D. With the introduction of matrix transducer technology, 3-D ultrasound imaging of the heart has become feasible but suffers from low temporal and spatial resolution, making 3-D strain estimation challenging. In this paper, it is shown that automatic intensity-based spatio-temporal elastic registration of currently available 3-D volumetric ultrasound data sets can be used to measure the full 3-D strain tensor. The method was validated using simulated 3-D ultrasound data sets of the left ventricle (LV). Three types of data sets were simulated: a normal and symmetric LV with different heart rates, a more realistic asymmetric normal LV and an infarcted LV. The absolute error in the estimated displacement was between 0.47 +/-0.23 and 1.00 +/-0.59 mm, depending on heart rate and amount of background noise. The absolute error on the estimated strain was 9%-21% for the radial strain and 1%-4% for the longitudinal and circumferential strains. No large differences were found between the different types of data sets. The shape of the strain curves was estimated properly and the position of the infarcts could be identified correctly. Preliminary results on clinical data taken in vivo from three healthy volunteers and one patient with an apical aneurism confirmed these findings in a qualitative manner as the strain curves obtained with the proposed method have an amplitude and shape similar to what could be expected.
Geocoding Addresses (2007)

As you've probably already guessed, the heart of most mapping applications is correlating your information with latitudes and longitudes for plotting on your map. Fortunately, geocoding services are available to help you convert postal addresses to precise latitude and longitude coordinates. For locations in the United States and Canada, these services make geocoding addresses relatively easy and quite accurate most of the time. In other parts of the world, the job can become much harder.KeywordsCommand LineStandard LibraryRest ServiceStore TableRepresentational State TransferThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Factor XI as target for antithrombotic therapy (2014)

Mijn onderzoek richt zich op de rol van stollingsfactor XI in de bloedstolling. Er zijn namelijk sterke aanwijzingen dat factor XI een beperkte rol speelt bij de normale bloedstolling, maar een grote invloed heeft op het ontstaan van trombose. Dit heeft geleid tot de hypothese dat remming van factor XI trombose kan voorkomen zonder dat hierbij de normale bloedstolling ingeperkt wordt. Het grootste probleem van de huidige antistollingsmiddelen is namelijk dat ze gepaard gaan met bloedingen, die zelfs dodelijk kunnen aflopen. Daarom wordt er veel onderzoek gedaan naar antistollingsmedicatie waarbij geen bloedingen optreden en factor XI is een potentieel hoopvol doelwit. Tijdens mijn promotieonderzoek heb ik onderzoek gedaan naar de effectiviteit en veiligheid van factor XI remmers in muizen. Hiervoor hebben we gebruik gemaakt van zowel arteriële als veneuze trombose modellen met een bijzondere aandacht voor atherosclerose. Atherosclerose, of aderverkalking, is de onderliggende aandoening van hart- en vaatziekten zoals het myocard infarct en beroertes. Dergelijke aandoeningen ontstaan wanneer er een scheur ontstaat in een verkalkt vat, wat een stolsel veroorzaakt dat vervolgens het vat afsluit. In een diermodel hebben we gevonden dat remming van factor XI deze stolselvorming op verkalkte vaten tegengaat zonder dat daarbij een gevaar voor bloedingen ontstond. Dit suggereert dat deze factor XI remmer gebruikt kan worden voor de acute behandeling van hart- en vaatziekten. De gecombineerde resultaten suggereren dat factor XI een belangrijke rol speelt bij het ontstaan van trombose en dat remming van factor XI met medicijnen een veilig alternatief kan zijn voor de behandeling en preventie van hart- en vaatziekten.
Computerised databases in infection control (2000)

The use of databases in health care is expanding. Systems are now available specifically designed for the management of infection control information. This article examines the expanding role of such databases and looks at the advantages and disadvantages for nurses.
Facilitating software evolution research with kenyon (2005)

Software evolution research inherently has several resource-intensive logistical constraints. Archived project artifacts, such as those found in source code repositories and bug tracking systems, are the principal source of input data. Analysis-specific facts, such as commit metadata or the location of design patterns within the code, must be extracted for each change or configuration of interest. The results of this resource-intensive "fact extraction" phase must be stored efficiently, for later use by more experimental types of research tasks, such as algorithm or model refinement. In order to perform any type of software evolution research, each of these logistical issues must be addressed and an implementation to manage it created. In this paper, we introduce Kenyon, a system designed to facilitate software evolution research by providing a common set of solutions to these common logistical problems. We have used Kenyon for processing source code data from 12 systems of varying sizes and domains, archived in 3 different types of software configuration management systems. We present our experiences using Kenyon with these systems, and also describe Kenyon's usage by students in a graduate seminar class.
Extração, estruturas e propriedades de alfa- e beta-quitina (2007)

EXTRACTION, STRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF -AND -CHITIN. The fact that and -chitin adopt different arrays in the solid state is explored to emphasize their different properties and distinct spectral characteristics and X ray diffraction patterns. The methods for their extraction from the biomass in view of the preservation of their native structures and aiming to fulfill the claims of purity and uniformity for potential applications are discussed. The different arrays adopted by and -chitin also result in distinct reactivities toward the deacetylation reaction. Thus, the deacetylation of -chitin is more efficient owing to the better accessibility to amide groups due to the lower crystallinity of this polymorph.