gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum Arabinitol Concentrations and Arabinitol/Creatinine Ratios in Invasive Candidiasis (1983)

Serum arabinitol concentrations and arabinitol/creatinine ratios were determined in 25 cancer patients with invasive candidiasis, 73 severely ill cancer patients who did not have invasive candidiasis, and 15 uninfected patients with chronic renal failure. Elevated arabinitol concentrations were found in patients with renal failure and invasive candidiasis. Serum arabinitol concentrations exceeded 1.19 micrograms/ml in 13 of 18 patients with invasive candidiasis who were studied when renal function was normal and in three of 52 control patients. Among patients with renal failure, 10 of 14 with invasive candidiasis but only four of 36 control patients had serum arabinitol concentrations of greater than 5.85 micrograms/ml. Serum arabinitol and creatinine concentrations were strongly correlated. The arabinitol/ creatinine ratio exceeded 1.5 in 16 of 25 patients with invasive candidiasis but in only three of 88 control patients. Increased serum arabinitol concentrations appear to reflect increased production of arabinitol by yeast in individuals with invasive candidiasis.
Persistent clinical response to the anti-TNF-α antibody infliximab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis over 3 years (2005)

Patients with AS receiving infliximab for 3 yr showed a durable clinical response without loss of efficacy. Long-term infliximab treatment was well tolerated by patients in this study.
Krüppel-like Factors: Three Fingers in Many Pies (2001)

Kru ppel-like factors (KLFs) 1 are DNA-binding transcriptional regulators that play diverse roles during differentiation and development. They form a subset of the broad class of proteins containing Cys 2 /His 2 zinc fingers, a motif that is the second most abundant seen in the human genome and the most abundant in transcription factors, estimated to be present in just under 600 to over 700 proteins (1-3). The nomenclature is based on the homology of its founding member, EKLF (erythroid Kru ppel-like factor; KLF1), to the Drosophila Kru ppel protein (4). There are numerous finger proteins with such homology; however, the fact that KLF proteins contain additional conserved residues between each finger, that their fingers are three in number, and that these are found at the extreme carboxyl end serves to further define KLF proteins as a separate family (Fig. Phylogenetic analysis of the 15 human KLF members demonstrates that they form a clade distinct even from the closely related Sp1 and Krox zinc finger families. Structural considerations also place these members together, as three amino acids at specific locations ("XYZ" positions ( As a result, all members of the family bind very similar "GT-box" or "CACCC element" sites on DNA, although the configuration is such that the site tends to be C-rich on one strand and G-rich on the other.
High frequency of inactivating mutations in the neurofibromatosis type 2 gene (NF2) in primary malignant mesotheliomas. (1995)

Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are aggressive tumors that develop most frequently in the pleura of patients exposed to asbestos. In contrast to many other cancers, relatively few molecular alterations have been described in MMs. The most frequent numerical cytogenetic abnormality in MMs is loss of chromosome 22. The neurofibromatosis type 2 gene (NF2) is a tumor suppressor gene assigned to chromosome 22q which plays an important role in the development of familial and spontaneous tumors of neuroectodermal origin. Although MMs have a different histogenic derivation, the frequent abnormalities of chromosome 22 warranted an investigation of the NF2 gene in these tumors. Both cDNAs from 15 MM cell lines and genomic DNAs from 7 matched primary tumors were analyzed for mutations within the NF2 coding region. NF2 mutations predicting either interstitial in-frame deletions or truncation of the NF2-encoded protein (merlin) were detected in eight cell lines (53%), six of which were confirmed in primary tumor DNAs. In two samples that showed NF2 gene transcript alterations, no genomic DNA mutations were detected, suggesting that aberrant splicing may constitute an additional mechanism for merlin inactivation. These findings implicate NF2 in the oncogenesis of primary MMs and provide evidence that this gene can be involved in the development of tumors other than nervous system neoplasms characteristic of the NF2 disorder. In addition, unlike NF2-related tumors, MM derives from the mesoderm; malignancies of this origin have not previously been associated with frequent alterations of the NF2 gene.
Concentrations of Pravastatin and Lovastatin in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Healthy Subjects (1991)

The capability of pravastatin and lovastatin, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors likely to be taken chronically for hypercholesterolemia, to cross the blood-brain barrier was investigated in normal male volunteers. Lovastatin, which is lipophilic, was detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at concentrations that may have a pharmacologic effect. Pravastatin, which is hydrophilic, was not detected in CSF. It is concluded that pravastatin may have less potential for causing CNS-related side effects than lovastatin.
Assessing distinct patterns of cognitive aging using tissue-specific brain age prediction based on diffusion tensor imaging and brain morphometry (2018)

Multimodal imaging enables sensitive measures of the architecture and integrity of the human brain, but the high-dimensional nature of advanced brain imaging features poses inherent challenges for the analyses and interpretations. Multivariate age prediction reduces the dimensionality to one biologically informative summary measure with potential for assessing deviations from normal lifespan trajectories. A number of studies documented remarkably accurate age prediction, but the differential age trajectories and the cognitive sensitivity of distinct brain tissue classes have yet to be adequately characterized. Exploring differential brain age models driven by tissue-specific classifiers provides a hitherto unexplored opportunity to disentangle independent sources of heterogeneity in brain biology. We trained machine-learning models to estimate brain age using various combinations of FreeSurfer based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging based indices of white matter microstructure in 612 healthy controls aged 18-87 years. To compare the tissue-specific brain ages and their cognitive sensitivity, we applied each of the 11 models in an independent and cognitively well-characterized sample (<i>n</i> = 265, 20-88 years). Correlations between true and estimated age and mean absolute error (MAE) in our test sample were highest for the most comprehensive brain morphometry (<i>r</i> = 0.83, CI:0.78-0.86, MAE = 6.76 years) and white matter microstructure (<i>r</i> = 0.79, CI:0.74-0.83, MAE = 7.28 years) models, confirming sensitivity and generalizability. The deviance from the chronological age were sensitive to performance on several cognitive tests for various models, including spatial Stroop and symbol coding, indicating poorer performance in individuals with an over-estimated age. Tissue-specific brain age models provide sensitive measures of brain integrity, with implications for the study of a range of brain disorders.
A Chiral Molecular Square with Metallo-Corners for Enantioselective Sensing (2002)

A family of chiral molecular squares based on fac-Re(CO)3Cl metallocorners and enantiopure atropisomeric bipyridine bridging ligands (L1-4) have been synthesized in high yields by refluxing ClRe(CO)5 and L1-4 in 1:1 molar ratio. These novel chiral metallocycles have been characterized by 1H and 13C{1H} NMR, UV-vis, luminescence, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopies, FAB mass spectrometry, and microanalysis. Molecular square 4 which contains four 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol functionalities exhibits interesting enantioselective luminescence quenching by 2-amino-1-propanol. This research illustrates the potential of generating novel functional materials based on supramolecular chemistry.
Building a shared editing workspace for learners' cooperative programming (2012)

Current networking advances have opened highly interesting perspectives for remote social interaction in a wide range of areas. Especially in the field of initiation courses in programming and data structures which may benefit from the efficient provided ways of communication and collaboration. This paper discusses a shared environment design enabling code sharing among several separated students involved in a common programming project. Being conscious that our students' academic preparation and cognitive development affects our teaching strategies, we decided that human factors should be taken into account as well as flexibility. Such way will likely enable us to significantly increase our environment usability. The environment embeds thus basic concepts for synchronous and asynchronous cooperative code editing and group interaction. It is designed on modular distributed software architecture, implying supports for resources management, interaction, communication and cooperation between students. To achieve group awareness, we designed an events controller that exploit the project design structure with a notification mechanism diffusing each student action into the shared workspace to his friends. We first survey ongoing research, and then present the main concepts and features of our java-based environment.
Cumulative Use of Strong Anticholinergics and Incident Dementia (2015)

Higher cumulative anticholinergic use is associated with an increased risk for dementia. Efforts to increase awareness among health care professionals and older adults about this potential medication-related risk are important to minimize anticholinergic use over time.
Use of Anti‐CD3 Monoclonal Antibody to Induce Immune Regulation in Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

Achieving immunologic tolerance to autoimmune diabetes is the goal of therapies for treatment and prevention of the disease. However, whether this can be achieved with an antigen-specific approach is still unproven in humans. Other approaches, including treatment with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, have focused on regulation of an active immune response. Preclinical studies with anti-CD3 mAb showed the ability to reverse diabetes and induce tolerance to autoimmunity, even at the time of presentation with hyperglycemia. These studies also suggested that mAb treatment induced an active regulatory process. Based on these and other preclinical data, we have carried out a Phase I/II trial of the humanized FcR non-binding anti-CD3 mAb hOKT3gamma1(Ala-Ala) in patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes. mAb treatment prevented the loss of insulin production over the first two years of the disease with reduced hemoglobin A1c levels and insulin usage. Studies have suggested that the mechanism of drug action involves induction of regulatory cells. CD4(+)IL-10(+) T cells can be found in patients after treatment; in addition, the CD8(+) T cells are induced by the mAb, and these cells may regulate antigen- specific responses. These initial studies have shown clinical efficacy of treatment with anti-CD3 mAb and suggest a novel mechanism that may account for the lasting effects of treatment.
Orthogonal Multi-Readout Identification of Alloy Nanowire Barcodes (2008)

A multi-readout orthogonal detection of alloy nanowire barcodes is shown to maximize the identification power of such encoded nanostructures. The built-in redundancy associated with the simultaneous use of several independent and powerful readout modes, based on different distinct processes and phenomena, offers great promise for decoding barcoded nanomaterials and for meeting the major challenges of product protection and multiplexed biodetection.
Chronic Changes in Synaptic Responses of Entorhinal and Hippocampal Neurons After Amino-Oxyacetic Acid (AOAA)–Induced Entorhinal Cortical Neuron Loss (1998)

Chronic changes in synaptic responses of entorhinal and hippocampal neurons after amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA)-induced entorhinal neuron loss. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 3031-3046, 1998. Synaptic responses of entorhinal cortical and hippocampal neurons were examined in vivo and in vitro, 1 mo to 1.5 yr after a unilateral entorhinal lesion caused by a focal injection of amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA). It has been shown previously that injection of AOAA into the medial entorhinal cortex produces cell loss in layer III preferentially. Although behavioral seizures stopped approximately 2 h after AOAA treatment, abnormal evoked responses were recorded as long as 1.5 yr later in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In the majority of slices from AOAA-treated rats, responses recorded in the superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex to white matter, presubiculum, or parasubiculum stimulation were abnormal. Extracellularly recorded responses to white matter stimulation were prolonged and repetitive in the superficial layers. Intracellular recordings showed that residual principal cells in superficial layers produced prolonged, repetitive excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and discharges in response to white matter stimulation compared with brief EPSPs and a single discharge in controls. Responses of deep layer neurons of AOAA-treated rats did not differ from controls in their initial synaptic response. However, in a some of these neurons, additional periods of excitatory activity occurred after a delay. Abnormal responses were recorded from slices ipsilateral as well as contralateral to the lesioned hemisphere. Recordings from the entorhinal cortex in vivo were abnormal also, as demonstrated by prolonged and repetitive responses to stimulation of the area CA1/subiculum border. Evoked responses of hippocampal neurons, recorded in vitro or in vivo, demonstrated abnormalities in selected pathways, such as responses of CA3 neurons to hilar stimulation in vitro. There was a deficit in the duration of potentiation of CA1 population spikes in response to repetitive CA3 stimulation in AOAA-treated rats. Theta activity was reduced in amplitude in area CA1 and the dentate gyrus of AOAA-treated rats, although evoked responses to angular bundle stimulation could not be distinguished from controls. The results demonstrate that a preferential lesion of layer III of the entorhinal cortex produces a long-lasting change in evoked and spontaneous activity in parts of the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. Given the similarity of the lesion produced by AOAA and entorhinal lesions in temporal lobe epileptics, these data support the hypothesis that preferential damage to the entorhinal cortex contributes to long-lasting changes in excitability, which could be relevant to the etiology of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Expression of αv and β3 integrin chains on murine lymphocytes (1996)

The vitronectin receptor is a member of the integrin family of adhesion protein receptors and binds a broad spectrum of ligands, including fibronectin and fibrinogen in addition to vitronectin. We have generated four mAbs that recognize the murine alpha v beta 3 vitronectin receptor. Biochemical and expression analyses showed that two of the mAbs are specific for the alpha v chain, and two are specific for the beta 3 chain. The mAbs are effective blocking reagents and inhibited cell adhesion to vitronectin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin. Staining analysis revealed expression of alpha v and beta 3 on certain populations of murine thymocytes, splenocytes, and bone marrow cells. The expression of alpha v and beta 3 appeared to be modulated at specific stages of thymocyte development, suggesting a possible function for the alpha v beta 3 vitronectin receptor in T cell development.
Randomized caches for power-efficiency (2003)

Embedded processors are used in numerous devices executing dedicated applications. This setting makes it worthwhile to optimize the processor to the application it executes, in order to increase its power-efficiency. This paper proposes to enhance direct mapped data caches with automatically tuned randomized set index functions to achieve that goal. We show how randomization functions can be automatically generated and compare them to traditional set-associative caches in terms of performance and energy consumption. A 16 kB randomized direct mapped cache consumes 22% less energy than a 2-way set-associative cache, while it is less than 3% slower. When the randomization function is made configurable (i.e., it can be adapted to the program), the additional reduction of conflicts outweighs the added complexity of the hardware, provided there is a sufficient amount of conflict misses.
La educación plástica y física en el Ciclo Inicial (1981)

A liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric method for the quantification of the opiates morphine, codeine, and their metabolites morphine-3-beta-D-glucuronide (M-3-G), morphine-6-beta-D-glucuronide (M-6-G) and codeine-6-beta-D-glucuronide (C-6-G) in human urine has been developed and validated. Identification and quantification were based on the following transitions: 286 to 201 and 229 for morphine, 300 to 215 and 243 for codeine, 462 to 286 [corrected] for M-3-G, 462 to 286 for M-6-G, and 476 to 300 for C-6-G. Calibration by linear regression analysis utilized deuterated internal standards and a weighting factor of 1/X. The method was accurate and precise across a linear dynamic range of 25.0 to 4000.0 ng/ml. Pretreatment of urine specimens using solid phase extraction was sufficient to limit matrix suppression to less than 40% for all five analytes. The method proved to be suitable for the quantification of morphine, codeine, and their metabolites in urine specimens collected from opioid-dependent participants enrolled in a methadone maintenance program.
Structure of Synthetic Transmembrane Lipid Membranes at the Solid/Liquid Interface Studied by Specular X-ray Reflectivity (2008)

We fabricated a new class of supported membranes based on monolayers of artificial bola (transmembrane) lipids. The lipids used in this study are symmetric bola lipids with two phosphocholine head groups, which resemble natural archaea lipids. To prevent bending of the hydrocarbon chains, stiff triple bonds are inserted in the middle of the hydrocarbon cores. The formation of homogeneous "monolayers" of transmembrane lipids over macroscopic areas can be monitored with fluorescence microscopy. Structures of such supported monolayers in bulk water were characterized with specular X-ray reflectivity using high energy X-ray radiation, which guarantees a high transmission through bulk water. Here, the vertical structure of single monolayers could be resolved from reconstructed electron density profiles. To verify the structural model suggested by the specular reflectivity, we also performed small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering of transmembrane lipid suspensions. The wide-angle patterns reflect a distorted chain-chain correlation, while the small-angle scattering allowed us to model an electron density profile which is consistent with the profile calculated from specular reflectivity.
Co-methanation of CO and CO2 on the Composite Ni-La2O3-Ru Catalyst (1979)

The catalytic co-methanation of CO and CO2 was studied with the objective of utilizing not only CO but also CO2 to synthesize a clean and highcalorific gaseous fuel, methane.Simultaneous methanation of CO and CO2 at low temperature was achieved by using the novel composite-catalyst such as 5%Ni-27%La2O3-0.6%Ru supported on the spherical silica support (0.3mm) having micro (5nm) and macro (600nm) bimodal pore structures. The reaction-gas mixture containing considerably high concentration of CO (0.06 atm) and CO2 (0.6 atm) with excess hydrogen (0.88 atm) was flowed at a space velocity of 11400 hr-1 in the temperature range from 170 to 290°C at atmospheric pressure. With the rise in reaction temperature, the reaction rate of CO2 increased acceleratedly of ter almost comlete consumption of CO, and total conversion of both CO and CO2 into methane with 100% selectivity and a high space time yield (61 mol/liter ·hr) were observed at 270°C.On the basis of kinetic data, the cause of the accelerating effect was determined that the concentration of surfece-carbon spices, which accompanies with CO methanation and has strong retardative action for the reaction, reduced in a marked degree at higher CO conversion, and released the retardation.
Unpinning of a spiral wave anchored around a circular obstacle by an external wave train: Common aspects of a chemical reaction and cardiomyocyte tissue (2009)

It is well known that spiral waves are often stabilized by anchoring to a local heterogeneity ("pinning") and that such pinned waves are rather difficult to eliminate. In the present report, we show that pinned spiral waves can be eliminated through collision with a wave train arriving from the outer region, as confirmed in experiments on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction as well as in cardiomyocyte tissue culture. A numerical simulation using the Oregonator, a mathematical model for the BZ reaction, provides the parameter area for successful unpinning. The scenario of unpinning is discussed in terms of the dispersion relation of the wave train by taking into account the curvature effect of the excitation wave.
MIXER-SETTLER FOR EXTRACTION EXPERIMENTS (1963)

Investigations of extractions conducted in mixer-settlers with di-n- butylether and tributylphosphate led to improvements in mixer design. The extraction apparatus may be applied effectively in laboratory work on small charges and widely variable volume conditions of solution. (auth)
Hydrogen peroxide as a central redox signaling molecule in physiological oxidative stress: Oxidative eustress (2017)

Hydrogen peroxide emerged as major redox metabolite operative in redox sensing, signaling and redox regulation. Generation, transport and capture of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in biological settings as well as their biological consequences can now be addressed. The present overview focuses on recent progress on metabolic sources and sinks of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and on the role of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in redox signaling under physiological conditions (1-10nM), denoted as oxidative eustress. Higher concentrations lead to adaptive stress responses via master switches such as Nrf2/Keap1 or NF-κB. Supraphysiological concentrations of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (>100nM) lead to damage of biomolecules, denoted as oxidative distress. Three questions are addressed: How can H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> be assayed in the biological setting? What are the metabolic sources and sinks of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>? What is the role of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in redox signaling and oxidative stress?
Direct observation of local ferromagnetism on carbon in C/Fe multilayers (2004)

An element-selective investigation of magnetism on carbon in the vicinity of Fe atoms in a C/Fe multilayer is reported. We utilize resonant magnetic reflectivity of circularly polarized synchrotron radiation which allows us to distinguish unambiguously the local magnetism on carbon from that on Fe through individual core-level excitations. Clear magnetic signals of carbon are obtained by exploiting the standing-wave technique. Hysteresis loops of individually excited C and Fe atoms demonstrate ferromagnetism of C at room temperature with a moment of ≈ 0.05<em>μ</em><sub>B</sub> induced by adjacent Fe atoms.