gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
106. New therapeutic agents of the quinoline series. Introduction and Part I. Monopyridylquinolines (1943)

H. Coates, A. H. Cook, I. M. Heilbron, D. H. Hey, A. Lambert and F. B. Lewis, J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 401 DOI: 10.1039/JR9430000401
Mott-Schottky Analysis of Nanoporous Semiconductor Electrodes in Dielectric State Deposited on SnO[sub 2](F) Conducting Substrates (2003)

This paper analyzes the dark capacitance of nanostructured electrodes in the dielectric state, with particular emphasis on electrodes deposited over a transparent conducting substrate of It is shown that at those potentials where the nanostructure is in the dielectric state, the capacitance is controlled by the contact The partial or total covering of the substrate by a dielectric medium causes a modification of the Mott-Schottky plot of the bare substrate. We provide a mapping of the various Mott-Schottky curves that will appear depending on the film characteristics. If the dielectric nanoparticles completely block part of the substrate surface, the slope of the Mott-Schottky plot increases (with the same apparent flatband potential) as an effect of area reduction. The covering of a significant fraction of the surface by a thin dielectric layer shifts the apparent flatband negatively. Measurements on several nanostructured electrodes show that the capacitance contribution of the semiconductor network in the dielectric state is very low, indicating that the field lines penetrate little into the network, not much further than the first particle. The different surface covering observed for rutile-anatase and pure anatase colloids is explained by lattice matching rules with the substrate. By comparing different electrodes, the Helmholtz capacitance at the interface was calculated and the apparent flatband potential was corrected for the effect of band unpinning. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
YjjG, a dUMP Phosphatase, Is Critical for Thymine Utilization by <i>Escherichia coli</i> K-12 (2006)

Exogenous thymine must be converted to thymidine to enable a thyA (thymidylate synthase) mutant to grow. The deoxyribose in the thymidine comes from dUMP, which must first be dephosphorylated. The nucleotidase YjjG is critical for this step. A yjjG thyA mutant cannot use thymine for growth on a glucose minimal medium.
An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes. G.J. Hancock. Ellis Horwood, Campus 400, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 7EZ. 1995. 561pp. Illustrated. £24.95. (1995)

An Introduction to the Flight Dynamics of Rigid Airplanes. G.J. Hancock. Ellis Horwood, Campus 400, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 7EZ. 1995. 561pp. Illustrated. £24.95. - Volume 99 Issue 985
Key Performance Information Collection Architecture Based on Cloud Computing (2014)

Cloud Computing has become another buzzword in recent years. Follow the popular research and use of the cloud system the performance become the bottleneck of the Newborn. More and more researches are turning their attention to analyze the performance of the cloud services. However, it is hard to extract accurate information from the different type of the cloud components such as datacenter, host, Virtual Machines (VM) in the cloud. Thus, it is significant to collect sufficient row data of the Cloud systems for the performance analysis. In this paper, we described an analysis framework to evaluate comprehensive performance guideline of cloud computing center. The analysis architecture is built based on the performance agent and server interface method (PASI), which consists of performance client (PMC), performance agent (PMA) and performance server (PMS), and we put forward a mathematical model based on the PASI information and queuing theory to forecast the idle rate and availability of the cloud environment. It is proved that the PASI architecture is correctly and effectively evaluates the performance of the cloud component and whole cloud environment.
Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria: Production, Purification, and Food Applications (2007)

In fermented foods, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) display numerous antimicrobial activities. This is mainly due to the production of organic acids, but also of other compounds, such as bacteriocins and antifungal peptides. Several bacteriocins with industrial potential have been purified and characterized. The kinetics of bacteriocin production by LAB in relation to process factors have been studied in detail through mathematical modeling and positive predictive microbiology. Application of bacteriocin-producing starter cultures in sourdough (to increase competitiveness), in fermented sausage (anti-listerial effect), and in cheese (anti-listerial and anti-clostridial effects), have been studied during in vitro laboratory fermentations as well as on pilot-scale level. The highly promising results of these studies underline the important role that functional, bacteriocinogenic LAB strains may play in the food industry as starter cultures, co-cultures, or bioprotective cultures, to improve food quality and safety. In addition, antimicrobial production by probiotic LAB might play a role during in vivo interactions occurring in the human gastrointestinal tract, hence contributing to gut health.
Elastomer processing and application of rheological fundamentals (1967)

Abstract Elastomer processing operations are discussed and classified as unit operations. The theory of nonlinear viscoelasticity is applied to processing unvulcanized amorphous rubber and the significance of the maximum relaxation time τ m is emphasized.
Reconfigurable ring connected modular tree architecture (1992)

A new fault-tolerant architecture (for distributed computation/telecommunications systems), the ring connected modular tree (RCMT), is proposed for binary tree architectures. The RCMT is based on the modular tree design but adds idle spare supplied links (ISSLs). Using these links, an idle spare node of a module can be supplied to the right-hand neighbouring module. This results in a more flexible ‘spare sharing’ approach and a module containing only a single spare can tolerate up to two faults if an idle spare is available to it from the left-hand neighbouring module. By comparison with previously proposed fault-tolerant tree architectures, RCMT achieves the same reliability level as a global approach, for example the SOFT tree approach, but still preserves the same constant re-configuration time as the modular approach. A modular diagnosis algorithm is given to diagnose the actions of all system nodes in a constant execution time.
Cross-Dialect Adaptation Framework for Constructing Prosodic Models for Chinese Dialect Text-to-Speech Systems (2017)

This paper presents an efficient cross-dialect adaptation framework for constructing prosodic models for Chinese dialect text-to-speech systems. In this framework, dialect prosodic models are adapted from an existing Mandarin speaking rate-dependent hierarchical prosodic model. The rationale of the framework is based on the cross-dialectal similarities between Mandarin and other Chinese dialects in terms of syntactic and prosodic structures. Two main problems are addressed in this study: One problem pertains to the use of cross-dialectal similarities in the design and adaptation of the dialect speaking rate-dependent hierarchical prosodic model. The other problem pertains to the data sparseness caused by the insufficiency of an adaptation corpus covering essential linguistic contexts and prosodic events as well as a wide speaking rate range. This problem is solved by employing the structural maximum a posteriori method that hierarchically organizes the dialect speaking rate-dependent hierarchical prosodic model parameters into decision trees to facilitate parameter estimations. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was evaluated by experiments on two Chinese dialects: Min and Hakka. Objective and subjective evaluations demonstrated that the prosodic features generated by the dialect speaking rate-dependent hierarchical prosodic models were quite natural in various speaking rates ranging from 3.3 to 6.7 syllables per second. These results confirm that the proposed cross-dialect adaptation framework is effective and promising.
Image Captioning as Neural Machine Translation Task in SOCKEYE (2018)

Image captioning is an interdisciplinary research problem that stands between computer vision and natural language processing. The task is to generate a textual description of the content of an image. The typical model used for image captioning is an encoder-decoder deep network, where the encoder captures the essence of an image while the decoder is responsible for generating a sentence describing the image. Attention mechanisms can be used to automatically focus the decoder on parts of the image which are relevant to predict the next word. In this paper, we explore different decoders and attentional models popular in neural machine translation, namely attentional recurrent neural networks, self-attentional transformers, and fully-convolutional networks, which represent the current state of the art of neural machine translation. The image captioning module is available as part of SOCKEYE at https://github.com/awslabs/sockeye which tutorial can be found at https://awslabs.github.io/sockeye/image_captioning.html .
Methane enrichment digestion experiments at the anaerobic experimental test unit at Walt Disney World. Final report, March 1989-August 1990 (1993)

The goal of the project was to determine the technical feasibility of utilizing a novel concept in anaerobic digestion, in-situ methane enrichment digestion or MED for producing utility-grade gas from a pilot-scale anaerobic digester. MED tests conducted during this program consistently achieved digester product gas with a methane (CH4) content of greater than 90% (on a dry-, nitrogen-free basis). The MED concept, because it requires relatively simple equipment and modest energy input, has the potential to simplify gas cleanup requirements and substantially reduce the cost of converting wastes and biomass to pipeline quality gas.
Stacked homodimers of substituted contorted hexabenzocoronenes and their complexes with C<sub>60</sub> fullerene (2017)

Stacking interactions involving substituted contorted hexabenzocoronene (c-HBC) with C<sub>60</sub> were studied at the B97-D3M(BJ)/TZVPP//B97-D/TZV(2d,2p) level of theory. First, we showed that substituent effects in benzeneC<sub>60</sub> complexes are uncorrelated with those in the benzene sandwich dimer, underscoring the importance of local, direct interactions in substituent effects in stacking interactions. Second, we showed that c-HBC preferentially forms stacked homodimers over complexes with C<sub>60</sub>; however, if the bowl depth of c-HBC is increased beyond 1.25 Å, the c-HBCC<sub>60</sub> complex becomes preferred over the c-HBC homodimer. Ultimately, we showed that the perfluorination of c-HBC leads to sufficient curvature to allow the c-HBCC<sub>60</sub> heterodimers to form preferentially over c-HBC homodimers, suggesting the possibility of the development of c-HBC derivatives that assemble into alternating stacks with C<sub>60</sub>.
Keyboard Design and Operation: A Review of the Major Issues (1972)

A search of the psychological, technical, and promotional literature was conducted to compile information relevant to key, keyboard, and operator characteristics. The most recent and significant articles were discussed and evaluated. Where possible, general conclusions have been drawn to aid the keyboard designer.
Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes on iceberg lettuce by dip wash treatments with organic acids (2007)

Dipping in solutions containing organic acids is shown to be effective to reduce E. coli and L. monocytogenes on fresh-cut iceberg lettuce.
SYNDROME PRODUCED BY ABSENCE OF THE GERMINAL EPITHELIUM WITHOUT IMPAIRMENT OF THE SERTOLI OR LEYDIG CELLS (1947)

THE classification of abnormalities of the endocrine and spermatogenic functions of the testes is improving. Until a few years ago, the subject was extremely confused, largely as a result of the inadequacy of the methods of study. Histological studies of testicular biopsies and assays of urine for various hormones has made it possible to isolate several syndromes in which the testicular pathology is the primary abnormality. The present paper gives the clinical, anatomical, and biological characteristics of a new testicular syndrome. Evidence of the existence of a second testicular hormone is strengthened by the observations reported and a specific function for the Sertoli cells is established. Before discussing this new syndrome, it will be helpful to mentionbriefly three relat ed syndromes. In 1942 Klinefelter, Reifenstein, and Albright (16) (see Table I) described a syndrome characterized by gynecomastia, aspermatogenesis without aleydigism, and increased excretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (to be designated hereafter as F.S.H.) They presented nine cases. Testicular biopsies showed hyalinization of all, or nearly all, of the tubules. The pathologic process involved the germinal cells as well as the cells of Sertoli. There appeared to be an increase in the number of Leydig cells but this appearance was probably accounted for by the shrinkage of the tubules. The testes were small and soft and the patients, of course, were sterile inasmuch as the semen showed azoospermia. F.S.H. was excreted in the urine in excessive amounts in all the patients and to a degree comparable to that found in castrates. All patients presented bilateral gynecomastia. The estrin excretion was studied in two cases and found to be within normal limits.
An Assessment of GANs for Identity-related Applications (2020)

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are now capable of producing synthetic face images of exceptionally high visual quality. In parallel to the development of GANs themselves, efforts have been made to develop metrics to objectively assess the characteristics of the synthetic images, mainly focusing on visual quality and the variety of images. Little work has been done, however, to assess overfitting of GANs and their ability to generate new identities. In this paper we apply a state of the art biometric network to various datasets of synthetic images and perform a thorough assessment of their identity-related characteristics. We conclude that GANs can indeed be used to generate new, imagined identities meaning that applications such as anonymisation of image sets and augmentation of training datasets with distractor images are viable applications. We also assess the ability of GANs to disentangle identity from other image characteristics and propose a novel GAN triplet loss that we show to improve this disentanglement.
Synthesis and Characterization of Iodine-123 Labeled 2β-Carbomethoxy-3β-(4‘-((<i>Z</i>)-2-iodoethenyl)phenyl)nortropane. A Ligand for in Vivo Imaging of Serotonin Transporters by Single-Photon-Emission Tomography (2003)

2beta-Carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-((Z)-2-iodoethenyl)phenyl)nortropane (ZIENT) (6) and 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-((E)-2-iodoethenyl)phenyl)nortropane (EIENT) (10) were prepared and evaluated in vitro and in vivo for serotonin transporter (SERT) selectivity and specificity. High specific activity [(123)I]ZIENT and [(123)I]EIENT were synthesized in 45% (n = 5) and 42% (n = 4) radiochemical yield (decay-corrected to end of bombardment (EOB)), respectively, by preparation of the precursor carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-((Z)-2-trimethylstannylethenyl)phenyl)nortropane (7) and 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4'-((E)-2-tributylstannylethenyl)phenyl)nortropane (9), respectively, followed by treatment with no carrier-added sodium [(123)I]iodide and hydrogen peroxide in ethanolic HCl. Competition binding in cells stably expressing the transfected human SERT, dopamine transporter (DAT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET) using [(3)H]citalopram, [(3)H]WIN 35,428, and [(3)H]nisoxetine, respectively, demonstrated the following order of SERT affinity (K(i) in nM): ZIENT (0.05) > nor-CIT (0.12) >> EIENT (1.15) > fluvoxamine (1.46). The affinity of ZIENT and EIENT for DAT was 69 and 1.6-fold lower, respectively, than for SERT. In vivo biodistribution and blocking studies were performed in male rats and demonstrated that the brain uptake of [(123)I]ZIENT was selective and specific for SERT-rich regions (hypothalamus, striatum, pons, and prefrontal cortex). SPECT brain imaging studies in monkeys demonstrated high [(123)I]ZIENT uptake in the diencephalon, which resulted in diencephalon-to-cerebellum ratios of 2.12 at 190 min. [(123)I]ZIENT uptake in the diencephalon achieved transient equilibrium at 157 min. In a displacement experiment of [(123)I]ZIENT in a cynomolgus monkey, radioactivity was reduced by 39% in the diencephalon at 101 min following injection of citalopram. The high specific activity one-step radiolabeling preparation and high selectivity of [(123)I]ZIENT for SERT support its candidacy as a radioligand for mapping brain SERT sites.
Building the economics of knowledge: A roadmap (2014)

This paper is the Introduction to Recent Developments in the Economics of Science and Innovation (Edward Elgar, 2014). The causes and consequences of the general efficiency of labor and the associated changes in the production, consumption, and distribution brought about by the introduction of new technologies in economic systems is a field of economic investigation of growth interest and widening activity in both research and teaching. Our views of the evolution of this field are summarized in this paper.
Progressive Hypercube Decoding (2007)

This paper presents a detection technique for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) spatial multiplexing systems that is based in a quantized received lattice. This permits the search to be focused into successive ordered subspaces. The proposal greatly reduces the number Euclidian distances need to be calculated replacing it by memory usage for back tracing candidate vectors. Thus, this tool enables further pruning the search tree when using a sphere decoder. The receiver starts by quantizing both the received vector and the lattice points and then defines a neighbourhood around the cell containing the received vector. If needed, the neighbourhood is extended to a larger Manhattan distance. Conversely, dense clusters of lattice points are resolved by increasing the quantization bits per dimension. The paper describes the probability density functions (pdf) of the lattice components and presents numerical results for the pdf of the number of lattice points that are candidates to be evaluated in a subsequent block based on Euclidean distances. All the results are for the frequency flat fast fading channel.
A zero-power radio receiver. (2004)

This report describes both a general methodology and some specific examples of passive radio receivers. A passive radio receiver uses no direct electrical power but makes sole use of the power available in the radio spectrum. These radio receivers are suitable as low data-rate receivers or passive alerting devices for standard, high power radio receivers. Some zero-power radio architectures exhibit significant improvements in range with the addition of very low power amplifiers or signal processing electronics. These ultra-low power radios are also discussed and compared to the purely zero-power approaches.
Direct Inhibition of NF-κB Blocks Bone Erosion Associated with Inflammatory Arthritis (2003)

Inflammatory arthritis is associated with devastating joint tissue destruction and periarticular bone erosion. Although secreted products of infiltrating immune cells perpetuate the inflammatory response, the osteolytic component of this disease is a direct result of localized recruitment and activation of osteoclasts. Given that NF-kappaB plays a central role in both processes, the function of this transcription factor was examined. Using a mouse model of autoreactive Ig transfer that engenders inflammatory arthritis, we show numerous osteoclasts in the articular joint tissue associated with progressive periarticular osteolytic lesions. Moreover, cells retrieved from these joints exhibit heightened NF-kappaB activity. Importantly, direct administration of dominant negative*I-kappaB or tyrosine 42-mutated I-kappaB (Y42F*I-kappaB) proteins into mice before induction of the disease attenuates in vivo activation of the transcription factor. More importantly, these I-kappaB mutant forms significantly inhibit in vivo production of TNF and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand, and block joint swelling, osteoclast recruitment, and osteolysis. Thus, NF-kappaB appears to be the centerpiece of inflammatory-osteolytic arthritis and direct inhibition of this transcription factor by unique and novel I-kappaB mutant proteins blocks manifestation of the disease.
Development of Anode-Supported SOFC for Reduced-Temperature Operation (2001)

Low-cost manufacturing process for anode-supported SOFC suitable for reduced temperature operation has been developed. The single-cell manufactured by co-sintering of YSZ electrolyte and NiO/YSZ anode substrate showed a maximum power density of 0.67 W/cm2 @1.38 A/cm2 and rated power outputs of 0.48 W/cm2 @0.7 V and 0.26 W/cm2 @0.3 A/cm2 at 750°C. The cell can be operated at high fuel utilization up to 80% giving d.c. energy conversion efficiency of 46.2% (LHV). The cell showed sufficient resistance to cathode poisoning by Crcontaining vapor coming from metallic components. Basic structural design of a cell-stack that is capable of mitigating thermal stresses and mechanically robust even in fast start-up and shut-down cycles has been completed, and preliminary tests are going on. Also given is brief description of manufacturing and testing of doped gallate cells for reduced temperature operation.
Spinel Ferrite/MnO Core/Shell Nanoparticles:  Chemical Synthesis of All-Oxide Exchange Biased Architectures (2005)

In this communication, we report the synthesis and characterization of organic-capped core/shell CoFe2O4/MnO nanoparticles. Magnetic properties of the core/shell nanoparticles were compared to those of individual CoFe2O4 and MnO nanoparticles prepared with similar methods. Magnetic measurements revealed that the core/shell nanoparticles displayed a shift in the hysteresis loops corresponding to exchange biasing exchange fields of about 0.6 kOe, due to the ferrimagnetic/antiferromagnetic interface.
Risk score calculation for cloud biometric authentication (2016)

Biometric-established authentication method is maturing into fitting one probably the most promising candidate for either replacing or bettering normal approaches founded on password or token on the cloud. This technological know-how is a deterministic characteristic to provide a safer and more user friendly approach to authentication. However some vulnerability threatens the adoption of biometrics. One of which is due to the fact customers can access assets from different locations on different devices and one person can have many scanners. There exists without doubt a risk associated with permitting a request to access the useful resource. With the intention to contribute in resolving such challenge, a risk rating calculation is endorsed. It is a procedure during which the threat engine will calculate a ranking. The ranking will probably be in comparison with a threshold set and a resolution whether or not to proceed with authentication will likely be made founded on this assessment