gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prediction-Based Admission Control for IaaS Clouds with Multiple Service Classes (2015)

There is a growing adoption of cloud computing services, attracting users with different requirements and budgets to run their applications in cloud infrastructures. In order to match users' needs, cloud providers can offer multiple service classes with different pricing and Service Level Objective (SLO) guarantees. Admission control mechanisms can help providers to meet target SLOs by limiting the demand at peak periods. This paper proposes a prediction-based admission control model for IaaS clouds with multiple service classes, aiming to maximize request admission rates while fulfilling availability SLOs defined for each class. We evaluate our approach with trace-driven simulations fed with data from production systems. Our results show that admission control can reduce SLO violations significantly, specially in underprovisioned scenarios. Moreover, our predictive heuristics are less sensitive to different capacity planning and SLO decisions, as they fulfill availability SLOs for more than 91% of requests even in the worst case scenario, for which only 56% of SLOs are fulfilled by a simpler greedy heuristic and as little as 0.2% when admission control is not used.
Microfabricated electroactive carbon nanotube actuators (2001)

A variety of microfabrication techniques have been developed at the University of Pisa. They are based either on pressure or piston actuated microsyringes or modified ink-jet printers. This work present the results of a study aimed at fabricating carbon nanotube (NT) actuators using micro-syringes. In order to prevent the nanotubes from aggregating into clumps, they were enclosed in a partially cross-linked polyvinylalcohol - polyallylamine matrix. After sonication the solution remained homogenously dispersed for about 40 minutes, which was sufficient time for deposition. Small strips of NT, about 5 mm across and 15 mm long were deposited. Following deposition, the films were baked at 80 degree(s)C and their thickness, impedance and mechanical resistance measured. The results indicate that 50 minutes of baking time is sufficient to give a constant resistivity of 1.12 x 10<SUP>-2</SUP> (Omega) m per layer similar to a typical semiconductor, and each layer has a thickness of about 6 micrometers .
Cryoprotectant Biosynthesis and the Selective Accumulation of Threitol in the Freeze-tolerant Alaskan Beetle, Upis ceramboides (2009)

Adult Upis ceramboides do not survive freezing in the summer but tolerate freezing to -60 degrees C in midwinter. The accumulation of two cryoprotective polyols, sorbitol and threitol, is integral to the extraordinary cold-hardiness of this beetle. U. ceramboides are the only animals known to accumulate high concentrations of threitol; however, the biosynthetic pathway has not been studied. A series of (13)C-labeled compounds was employed to investigate this biosynthetic pathway using (13)C{(1)H} NMR spectroscopy. In vivo metabolism of (13)C-labeled glucose isotopomers demonstrates that C-3-C-6 of glucose become C-1-C-4 of threitol. This labeling pattern is expected for 4-carbon saccharides arising from the pentose phosphate pathway. In vitro experiments show that threitol is synthesized from erythrose 4-phosphate, a C(4) intermediate in the PPP. Erythrose 4-phosphate is epimerized and/or isomerized to threose 4-phosphate, which is subsequently reduced by a NADPH-dependent polyol dehydrogenase and dephosphorylated by a sugar phosphatase to form threitol. Threitol 4-phosphate appears to be the preferred substrate of the sugar phosphatase(s), promoting threitol synthesis over that of erythritol. In contrast, the NADPH-dependent polyol dehydrogenase exhibits broad substrate specificity. Efficient erythritol catabolism under conditions that promote threitol synthesis, coupled with preferential threitol biosynthesis, appear to be responsible for the accumulation of high concentrations of threitol (250 mm) without concomitant accumulation of erythritol.
The Quartz Envelope Heater: A New Heating Technique for MOCVD Systems, (1983)

Site-selective chemical bioconjugation reactions are enabling tools for the chemical biologist. Guided by a careful study of the selenomethionine (SeM) benzylation, we have refined the reaction to meet the requirements of practical protein bioconjugation. SeM is readily introduced through auxotrophic expression and exhibits unique nucleophilic properties that allow it to be selectively modified even in the presence of cysteine. The resulting benzylselenonium adduct is stable at physiological pH, is selectively labile to glutathione, and embodies a broadly tunable cleavage profile. Specifically, a 4-bromomethylphenylacetyl (BrMePAA) linker has been applied for efficient conjugation of complex organic molecules to SeM-containing proteins. This expansion of the bioconjugation toolkit has broad potential in the development of chemically enhanced proteins.
Influence of Fluoride Substitution on the Physicochemical Properties of LiMn 2 O 4 Cathode Materials for Lithium-ion Batteries (2012)

LiMn2O4-xFx (x = 0.00, 0.04 and 0.1) cathode materials were synthesized from Li2CO3, MnO2 and LiF precursors by solid-state reaction method at 800 o C in air. The influence of fluoride substitution on the physicochemical properties of LiMn2O4 cathode has been investigated by different techniques. From the Thermogravimetric and Differential Thermogravimetric (TG/DTG) curves, it is clearly observed that substitution of fluorine attributed to the faster fabrication of LiMn2O3.96F0.04 and LiMn2O3.9F0.1 cathode materials. By Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, the synthesized materials are detected as single phase spinel structure having a space group Fd3m. However, the diffraction picks shifted to lower angles and the lattice parameter increases with substitution of fluorine. Redox titration tests confirmed that the average oxidation state of manganese in fluoride substituted samples is lower than that of pure one (LiMn2O4). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) investigations demonstrated that substitution of fluorine reduced the agglomeration of powder particles. Also, fluorine substituted samples have greater grain size than the pure one (LiMn2O4). Further, the Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirmed the incorporation of fluorine in to LiMn2O3.96F0.04 and LiMn2O3.9F0.1 spinel samples. Strong frequency bands, responsible for the formation of all samples, are observed from Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopyspectra. However, the bands for fluoride substituted samples are shifted slightly towards lower wave numbers.
Nitric oxide-induced potentiation of the killing of Burkholderia cepacia by reactive oxygen species: implications for cystic fibrosis (1999)

Burkholderia (formerly Pseudomonas) cepacia has emerged as an important pulmonary pathogen in cystic fibrosis, and survives within the lung despite a vigorous neutrophil-dominated immune response. Nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the antimicrobial activity of reactive oxygen species in the normal lung, but recent evidence suggests that inducible NO synthase is not expressed in the airway epithelial cells of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This may explain the failure of the neutrophil response to eliminate B. cepacia. To test this hypothesis, the present study examined the combined effect of NO, superoxide and H2O2 against B. cepacia. There was no killing of a highly transmissible strain by either superoxide or NO alone, but their combination reduced the bacterial count by >1000-fold over 75 min. This bactericidal activity was not sensitive to addition of superoxide dismutase, but was abrogated completely by catalase, suggesting that NO and hydrogen peroxide were the bactericidal mediators. Increased killing by NO in combination with H2O2 was seen for seven of a further 11 strains examined. The lack of NO in the lungs of CF patients may contribute to the survival of B. cepacia.
Quantitative ultrasound of cortical bone in the femoral neck predicts femur strength: Results of a pilot study (2012)

A significant risk of femoral neck (FN) fracture exists for men and women with an areal bone mineral density (aBMD) higher than the osteoporotic range, as measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Separately measuring the cortical and trabecular FN compartments and combining the results would likely be a critical aspect of enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of a new technique. Because the cortical shell determines a large part of FN strength a novel quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique that probes the FN cortical compartment was implemented. The sensitivity of the method to variations of FN cortical properties and FN strength was tested. Nine femurs (women, mean age 83 years) were subjected to QUS to measure the through transmission time-of-flight (TOF) at the FN and mechanical tests to assess strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans were performed to enable analysis of the dependence of TOF on bone parameters. DXA was also performed for reference. An ultrasound wave propagating circumferentially in the cortical shell was measured in all specimens. Its TOF was not influenced by the properties of the trabecular compartment. Averaged TOF for nine FN measurement positions/orientations was significantly correlated to strength (R2 = 0.79) and FN cortical QCT variables: total BMD (R(2) = 0.54); regional BMD in the inferoanterior (R2 = 0.90) and superoanterior (R2 = 0.57) quadrants; and moment of inertia (R2 = 0.71). The results of this study demonstrate that QUS can perform a targeted measurement of the FN cortical compartment. Because the method involves mechanical guided waves, the QUS variable is related to the geometric and material properties of the cortical shell (cortical thickness, tissue elasticity, and porosity). This work opens the way to a multimodal QUS assessment of the proximal femur, combining our approach targeting the cortical shell with the existing modality sensitive to the trabecular compartment. In vivo feasibility of our approach has to be confirmed with experimental data in patients.
A widely tunable laser using silica-waveguide ring resonators (2005)

A Wide wavelength tunable laser is needed for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexing (ROADM) networks, since it realizes flexible network, effectively employing wavelength resources, and inventory cost reduction. Several types currently exist, but they all are difficult to produce; that is, their mass producibility is not high and they have many components. In particular, monolithically integrated wavelength tunable lasers, such as DFB array, and SG(Sampled Grating)-DBR based structures, have been developed. While these lasers have good performance, they require complex InP growth steps and processing. The external cavity lasers also have good performance, but require precise manual assembly and have moving parts. We have proposed novel tunable laser consisting of silica waveguide ring resonator connected directly to semiconductor optical amplifier. This laser structure has several advantages, such as a simple laser structure suitable for mass-production and high reliability due to having a stable thermal optic phase shifter and no moving parts. This paper gives recent progress in waveguide ring resonator based tunable laser. Low loss and high performance silica waveguide ring resonator, which was suitable for tunable laser, was successfully fabricated using high index contrast SiON core. Double-ring resonators successfully attained 45-nm and 160-nm wavelength tuning operations, which was the largest wavelength tuning range in a tunable laser with no mechanical moving parts reported to date. Triple-ring resonator demonstrated stable full L-band tuning operations with 50-GHz wavelength spacing. We believe that silica waveguide ring resonator based tunable laser is very suitable for not only mass production, but also widely wavelength tuning and stable single mode operations.
Measurement of Foam Density Profiles Using AC capacitance (1995)

The dynamics of foam drainage (free, forced and pulsed) is monitored by the determination of local liquid density using a vertical array of capacitors. Liquid profiles are obtained for various drainage experiments. The merging of two solitary waves is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Such capacitance measurements offer a convenient practical technique for characterising the more general properties of non-conducting foams.
Regulation of Glycosphingolipid Metabolism in Liver during the Acute Phase Response (1999)

The host response to infection is associated with multiple alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. We have shown recently that endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) and cytokines enhance hepatic sphingolipid synthesis, increase the activity and mRNA levels of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first committed step in sphingolipid synthesis, and increase the content of sphingomyelin, ceramide, and glucosylceramide (GlcCer) in circulating lipoproteins in Syrian hamsters. Since the LPS-induced increase in GlcCer content of lipoproteins was far greater than that of ceramide or sphingomyelin, we have now examined the effect of LPS and cytokines on glycosphingolipid metabolism. LPS markedly increased the mRNA level of hepatic GlcCer synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first glycosylation step of glycosphingolipid synthesis. The LPS-induced increase in GlcCer synthase mRNA levels was seen within 2 h, sustained for 8 h, and declined to base line by 24 h. LPS-induced increase in GlcCer synthase mRNA was partly accounted for by an increase in its transcription rate. LPS produced a 3-4-fold increase in hepatic GlcCer synthase activity and significantly increased the content of GlcCer (the immediate product of GlcCer synthase reaction) as well as ceramide trihexoside and ganglioside GM3 (products distal to the GlcCer synthase step) in the liver. Moreover, both tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta, cytokines that mediate many of the metabolic effects of LPS, increased hepatic GlcCer synthase mRNA levels in vivo as well as in HepG2 cells in vitro, suggesting that these cytokines can directly stimulate glycosphingolipid metabolism. These results indicate that LPS and cytokines up-regulate glycosphingolipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro. An increase in GlcCer synthase mRNA levels and activity leads to the increase in hepatic GlcCer content and may account for the increased GlcCer content in circulating lipoproteins during the acute phase response.
STUDIES ON REACTIONS RELATING TO CARBOHYDRATES AND POLYSACCHARIDES. XIV. POLYMERIZATION OF ALDEHYDES (1928)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTUDIES ON REACTIONS RELATING TO CARBOHYDRATES AND POLYSACCHARIDES. XIV. POLYMERIZATION OF ALDEHYDESHarold Hibbert, W. F. Gillespie, and R. E. MontonnaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1928, 50, 7, 1950–1955Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1928Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1928https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01394a022https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01394a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views64Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
gai shan jing ji ruan huan jing xu cong zheng fu zuo qi (2001)

《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十个五年计划的建议》明确指出:制定十五计划,要把发展作为主题,要改善投资环境,发展开放型经济。这是在当今国内形势和世界潮流下所做出的正确选择。经济发展离不开投资环境的改善,有了好的投资环境才能更好地使经济得到发展,这是历史经验的总结。随着经济的社会化、全球化和贸易一体化.区域
Model for the three‐dimensional structure of vitronectin: Predictions for the multi‐domain protein from threading and docking (2001)

The structure of vitronectin, an adhesive protein that circulates in high concentrations in human plasma, was predicted through a combination of computational methods and experimental approaches. Fold recognition and sequence-structure alignment were performed using the threading program PROSPECT for each of three structural domains, i.e., the N-terminal somatomedin B domain (residues 1-53), the central region that folds into a four-bladed beta-propeller domain (residues 131-342), and the C-terminal heparin-binding domain (residues 347-459). The atomic structure of each domain was generated using MODELLER, based on the alignment obtained from threading. Docking experiments between the central and C-terminal domains were conducted using the program GRAMM, with limits on the degrees of freedom from a known inter-domain disulfide bridge. The docked structure has a large inter-domain contact surface and defines a putative heparin-binding groove at the inter-domain interface. We also docked heparin together with the combined structure of the central and C-terminal domains, using GRAMM. The predictions from the threading and docking experiments are consistent with experimental data on purified plasma vitronectin pertaining to protease sensitivity, ligand-binding sites, and buried cysteines.
Novel survivable logical topology routing in IP-over-WDM networks by logical protecting spanning tree set (2012)

The survivable logical topology mapping problem in an IP-over-WDM optical network is to map each link (u, v) in the logical topology (at the IP layer) into a lightpath between the nodes u and v in the physical topology (at the optical layer) such that failure of a physical link does not cause the logical topology to become disconnected. It is assumed that both the physical and logical topologies are at least 2-edge connected. Generating a survivable routing is an NP-complete problem. For this problem two lines of investigations have been pursued in the literature: the mathematical programming based approach initiated by Modiano et al., and the structural approach initiated by Kurant and Thiran and pursued further by Thulasiraman et al. The mathematical programming approach is not scalable for large networks, though it gives considerable insight into certain important aspects of the problem. The structural approach requires contraction and expansion of logical graphs and computing link-disjoint lightpaths between pairs of nodes in the physical topology. In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on the concept of protecting spanning tree set of the logical topology. The basic idea is to identify a set of spanning trees of the logical topology and a routing of the logical links such that at least one of these trees remains connected after a physical link failure. Given a set of trees of the logical topology we first present three optimization problems with varying degrees of difficulty relating to this approach and discuss their Integer Linear Programming formulations. We then consider the general case when both the tree set and a survivable routing are to be determined. For this general case we present a heuristic approach. We incorporate in this heuristic a method to augment the logical topology with additional links to guarantee a survivable routing. This approach has several interesting features. It only requires a shortest path algorithm and an algorithm to generate appropriate spanning trees. It also provides a framework for generating a survivable routing for the SRLG failure case. Contractions of graphs and disjoint path generation are not required that greatly reduces the computation time. We provide results of extensive simulations conducted to evaluate our new approach.
Characterization of acoustic emission sources, sensors, and propagation structures (1978)

Acoustic emission signals carry potentially useful information about the criticality of deformation source mechanisms in materials, but signal processing techniques such as threshold counting, RMS voltage recording, peak detection, and spectral analysis often failed to extract such information unambiguously. The difficulty lies in the determination of the transfer characteristics of the structure and the sensor. We report experimental results of a computer-based test system consisting of a large plate and a capacitive transducer [N. N. Hsu, J. A. Simmons, and S. C. Hardy, Materials Evaluations 35(10), 100–106 (1977)]. The transient wave propagation behavior of the plate and the transfer function of the capacitive transducer are known. Consequently, unknown sources can be characterized by solving the Töplitz matrix directly. Explicit force-time functions of simulated signals such as breaking glass capillaries, breaking pencil leads, dropping steel balls, electrical arcs, and pulsed piezoelectric transducers have been determined. These force-time functions are then used to determine experimentally the transfer characteristics (impulse-response) of various propagation structures and various ultrasonic transducers.
Performance of differential parallel combinatory spread spectrum communication systems (1995)

Abstract This paper proposes differential parallel combinatory spread spectrum (DPC/SS) communication systems; one of the parallel combinatory spread spectrum (SS) communication systems the authors have been studying so far. the parallel combinatory SS system is a spectral efficient SS system in which the system transforms sever al bits of data into a combination of pseudonoise (PN) sequence with modulation of positive and negative signs and transmits them. The proposed DPC/SS system applies differential encoding to the positive or negative sign modulation of the PN sequences, and then they are transmitted. In the receiver, the combination of a transmitted sequence set is estimated by noncoherent detection and the coded sign is demodulated by differential detection. Thus, the receiver does not need to regenerate the phase of the carrier frequency. the proposed systems will be applicable to a mobile cellular system in which a large phase variation interferes with the communications. This paper evaluates the error performances. of the DPC/SS systems in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels and frequency‐nonselective, slowly Rayleigh fading channels. It also evaluates the effect of diversity in the Rayleigh fading channels. In the AWGN channel, the DPC/SS system is superior by I dB to the differential phase‐shift keying (DPSK) system and to the BPSK system in terms of required signal‐to‐noise ratio at 10‐ 8 bit error rate (BER) at the same spectral efficiency. In the Rayleigh fading channel, diversity reception in the DPC/SS system gains more improvement in the BER performance, as the number of branches increases, than that obtained in a direct‐sequence spread spectrum system with DPSK.