gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Adaptive color halftoning for minimum perceived error using the blue noise mask</title> (1997)

Color halftoning using a conventional screen requires careful selection of screen angles to avoid Moire patterns. An obvious advantage of halftoning using a blue noise mask (BNM) is that there are no conventional screen angle or Moire patterns produced. However, a simple strategy of employing the same BNM on all color planes is unacceptable in case where a small registration error can cause objectionable color shifts. In a previous paper by Yao and Parker, strategies were presented for shifting or inverting the BNM as well as using mutually exclusive BNMs for different color planes. In this paper, the above schemes will be studied in CIE-LAB color space in terms of root mean square error and variance for luminance channel and chrominance channel respectively. We will demonstrate that the dot-on-dot scheme results in minimum chrominance error, but maximum luminance error and the 4-mask scheme results in minimum luminance error but maximum chrominance error, while the shift scheme falls in between. Based on this study, we proposed a new adaptive color halftoning algorithm that takes colorimetric color reproduction into account by applying 2-mutually exclusive BNMs on two different color planes and applying an adaptive scheme on other planes to reduce color error. We will show that by having one adaptive color channel, we obtain increased flexibility to manipulate the output so as to reduce colorimetric error while permitting customization to specific printing hardware.
Blending of poly(lactic acid) and starches containing varying amylose content (2003)

Abstract Four dry corn starches with different amylose content were blended at 185°C with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at various starch:PLA ratios using a lab‐scale twin‐screw extruder. Starch with 30% moisture content also was blended with PLA at a 1:1 ratio. Each extrudate was ground and dried. The powder was mixed with about 7.5% plasticizer, and injection molded (175°C) into test tensile bars. These were characterized for morphology, mechanical properties, and water absorption. Starch performed as a filler in the PLA continuous matrix phase, but the PLA phase became discontinuous as starch content increased beyond 60%. Tensile strength and elongation of the blends decreased as starch content increased, but no significant difference was observed among the four starches at the same ratio of starch:PLA. The rate and extent of water absorption of starch/PLA blends increased with increasing starch. Blends made with high‐amylose starches had lower water absorption than the blends with normal and waxy corn starches. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3639–3646, 2003
Digital mobile fronthaul employing differential pulse code modulation with suppressed quantization noise (2017)

A differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) based digital mobile fronthaul architecture is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By using a linear predictor in the DPCM encoding process, the quantization noise can be effectively suppressed and a prediction gain of 7~8 dB can be obtained. Experimental validation is carried out with a 20 km 15-Gbaud/λ 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) intensity modulation and direct detection system. The results verify the feasibility of supporting 163, 122, 98, 81 20-MHz 4, 16, 64, 256 QAM based antenna-carrier (AxC) containers with only 3, 4, 5, 6 quantization bits at a sampling rate of 30.72MSa/s in LTE-A environment. Further increasing the number of quantization bits to 8 and 9, 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (1024 QAM) and 4096 QAM transmission can be realized with error vector magnitude (EVM) lower than 1% and 0.5%, respectively. The supported number of AxCs in the proposed DPCM-based fronthaul is increased and the EVM is greatly reduced compared to the common public radio interface (CPRI) based fronthaul that uses pulse code modulation. Besides, the DPCM-based fronthaul is also experimentally demonstrated to support universal filtered multicarrier signal that is one candidate waveform for the 5th generation mobile systems.
Physiologic Jaundice: The Enterohepatic Circulation of Bilirubin (1971)

Abstract To evaluate the role of the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin in hyperbilirubinemia, nine full-term infants delivered by cesarean section were given a formula supplemented with agar for the first five days of life starting at the 20th hour. Agar stabilizes bilirubin in aqueous solution and prevents its bacterial conversion. Ten infants were given the same formula without agar. No rise in the serum bilirubin concentration occurred after the 13th hour of life in the agar-fed infants. More bilirubin was excreted in the feces within the first five days in infants fed formula with agar, and these infants also lost less weight than the controls. By the sixth day, total fecal bilirubin excretion from birth was similar in both groups. These results suggest that the reabsorption of bilirubin from the intestine can be a major cause of neonatal physiologic jaundice.
Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationships of Mazindol Analogues at the Dopamine Transporter (2002)

A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) study was performed on a series of mazindol analogues using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) method with their corresponding binding affinities for the displacement of [(3)H]WIN 35 428 from rat caudate putamen tissue. The cross-validated CoMFA models were derived from a training set of 50 compounds, and the predictive ability of the resulting CoMFA models was evaluated against a test set of 21 compounds. A set of alignment rules was derived to superimpose these compounds onto a template structure, mazindol (1). These CoMFA models yielded significant cross-validated r(2)(cv) values. Inclusion of additional descriptors did not improve the significance of the CoMFA models; thus, steric and electrostatic fields are the relevant descriptors for these compounds. The best QSAR model was selected on the basis of the predictive ability of the activity on the external test set of compounds. The analysis of coefficient contour maps provided further insight into the binding interactions of mazindol analogues with the DAT. The aromatic rings C and D are involved in hydrophobic interactions in which ring D may bind in a large hydrophobic groove. The relative orientation of these two rings is also important for high binding affinity to the DAT.
Optimal Electrooptic Deflection Scheme (1968)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text J. G. Skinner, "Optimal Electrooptic Deflection Scheme," Appl. Opt. 7, 1239-1240 (1968) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Fluorocarbon Films Deposited by RF Sputtering (1993)

Fluorocarbon films are deposited by rf sputtering of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) targets under conditions of various power and pressure levels in pure argon in order to examine the effect of discharge conditions on the deposition rate and molecular structure of the deposited films. The molecular structures of the films are investigated by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The films deposited under conditions favoring high deposition rate, such as higher power at a constant pressure or lower pressure at a constant power, contain higher concentrations of cross-links. Heating the deposited films results in an increase in the component of the C 1s spectrum assigned to the cross-linked structure.
Release of elastase from monocytes adherent to a fibronectin-gelatin surface (1993)

Fibronectin (Fn) is a circulating and extracellular matrix glycoprotein that may serve to facilitate phagocytosis because of its ability to bind many inflammatory ligands and to a monocyte receptor. Fn fragments have been shown in many systems to have augmented properties over those of native Fn. We show in this report that although Fn fragments did not cause elastase release from monocytes in suspension, fragments did cause elastase release from monocytes that were first bound to Fn- gelatin surfaces. An amino-terminal 29-Kd and a 140-Kd integrin-binding fragment were half-maximally active at 100 nmol/L, whereas the Arg-Gly- Asp-Ser integrin-recognition peptide was half-maximally active at 100 mumol/L. Fluid-phase Fn was ineffective yet blocked the activity of the Fn fragments. Complexing of Fn with gelatin or with heparin partially removed the blocking effect of Fn. Similar results were obtained with U- 937 cells. Substitution of the Fn-gelatin surface with bovine articular cartilage also promoted elastase release. Therefore, in conditions in vivo in which monocytes bind to tissue surface, a high ratio of Fn fragments to native Fn may upregulate certain monocyte activities such as protease release.
Self-aligned flip-chip packaging of tilted semiconductoroptical amplifier arrays on Si motherboard (1995)

An optical self-aligned flip-chip packaging technique for tilted semiconductor optical amplifier arrays is reported. It uses a Si motherboard with V-grooves for self-alignment between the tilted SOA array and angle polished fibre arrays. Fibre-to-fibre gain of 14 ± 1 dB and ripple ±0.1 dB without antireflection coating on the fibres have been achieved.
Wet and dry HF-last cleaning process for high-integrity gate oxides (1992)

The suitability of using either a wet HF process or an integrated HF vapor process prior to clustered gate stack formation is compared. When ultra pure chemicals are used for wet chemical pre-cleaning, a systematic improvement of gate oxide integrity is noticeable in case of the integrated HF vapor etching technique. This is attributed to a more effective removal of the low quality wet chemical cleaning oxide and the more controllable initiation of the oxidation process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Enzymatic and Chemical Footprinting of Anthracycline Antitumor Antibiotics and Related Saccharide Side Chains (1996)

DNase I and three DNA chemical footprinting agents were used to compare the DNA binding properties of the anthracycline antitumor antibiotics daunomycin, aclacinomycin A, and ditrisarubicin B. These anthracyclines contain a tetracyclic chromophore which intercalates into DNA and a monosaccharide, trisaccharide, and two trisaccharide side chains, respectively. These side chains consist of between one and three 2,6-dideoxy, 1,4-diaxially linked sugars. Three chemical probes, fotemustine, dimethyl sulfate, 4-(2'-bromoethyl)phenol, and the enzymic probe DNase I were used in the footprinting experiments. The chemical probes provided a clear picture of the binding pattern at 37 degrees C and more detailed information than that obtained using the standard DNase I footprinting assay. All three anthracyclines showed preferred binding to 5'-GT-3' sequences in both the chemical and enzymatic footprinting. DNase I footprinting showed that the number of base pairs of DNA protected from cleavage increased with the number of saccharide groups present at particular sites and is consistent with DNA binding of the saccharide side chains. Alkylation of runs of guanine by fotemustine was inhibited by all three anthracyclines, while alkylation by dimethyl sulfate was enhanced for most guanines. The probe 4-(2'-bromoethyl)phenol showed that all three anthracyclines completely protected all of the adenines in the minor groove from alkylation, and enhanced major groove guanine alkylation was observed with aclacinomycin A, daunomycin, and, to a much lesser extent, ditrisarubicin B. These results are consistent with intercalation of the aglycone ring and binding of the rigid, hydrophobic saccharide side chains in the minor groove. Footprinting of four methyl glycosides related to the anthracyclines showed no evidence of DNA binding with any of the agents studied.
When deep learning met code search (2019)

There have been multiple recent proposals on using deep neural networks for code search using natural language. Common across these proposals is the idea of embedding code and natural language queries into real vectors and then using vector distance to approximate semantic correlation between code and the query. Multiple approaches exist for learning these embeddings, including unsupervised techniques, which rely only on a corpus of code examples, and supervised techniques, which use an aligned corpus of paired code and natural language descriptions. The goal of this supervision is to produce embeddings that are more similar for a query and the corresponding desired code snippet.
Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (2009)

Increased level of MMPs and TIMP-1 of ALS patients may reflect the degeneration process of motor neurons and skeletal muscles and/or is associated with tissues remodeling. The low level of MMP-9 in CSF may result from impaired balance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 and/or its increased intrathecal degradation and physical clearance. Although the role of changed MMPs/TIMPs level in the pathogenesis of ALS is not clear their analysis in serum may be used as prognostic factor and a potential marker for monitoring treatment effects.
Degradation of dinitriles by Fusarium merismoides TG-1. (1980)

The fungus could
Multivariate process capability indices on the presence of priority for quality characteristics (2009)

Multivariate Process Capability Indices (MPCI) show how well a manufacturing process can meet specification limits when quality characteristics enclose a relative correlation. Process capability is an important and commonly used metric for assessing and improving the quality of a production process. When quality characteristics of a product are correlated then an attractive comes close to MPCI methods, which are not usually an easy task to carry out. In this investigation after a full reviewing of the MPCI, a simple method to estimate product capability indices based on ridge regression models in the presence of priority for quality characteristics is presented. The technique is demonstrated for evaluation of product capability through the use of an example which shows performance of the proposed method.
Asynchronous wave pipelines for high throughput datapaths (2002)

A novel VLSI pipeline architecture for high-speed clockless computation is proposed. It features gate-level pipelining to maximize throughput and uses dynamic latches to keep the latency low. The most salient property is the asynchronous operation using a modified handshake protocol. Data words are accompanied by associated control signals resembling a local clock and propagate in coherent waves through the logic. As a result one can take advantage of the asynchronous operation and avoid the problems prevalent with global high-speed clocks in synchronous designs. HSpice simulations of an 4-bit adder designed in 0.7 /spl mu/m CMOS indicate throughput data rates at 1 GHz.
Viscosity of Fire-Fighting Foam (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTViscosity of Fire-Fighting FoamC. S. Grove, George E. Wise, William C. Marsh, and Joseph B. GrayCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1951, 43, 5, 1120–1122Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50497a035https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50497a035research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views263Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Neutron background environment measured by the Mars Science Laboratory's Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons instrument during the first 100 sols (2013)

Abstract The Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instrument on board Mars Science Laboratory has been operating successfully since the landing and has been making measurements regularly along Curiosity's traverse at the surface. DAN measures thermal ( E < 0.4 eV) and epithermal neutrons (0.4 eV < E < ~1 keV) while operating in two different modes: active and passive. The active mode uses a pulsed neutron generator (PNG) to study the geological characteristics of the subsurface. In the passive mode, DAN measures the background neutron environment. This paper presents results of measurements in the passive mode from landing through to sol 100 and provides an interpretation of the data based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations. The main observations are summarized as follows: (1) the thermal neutron counts vary strongly along the rover traverse while the epithermal counts do not show much variation; (2) the neutrons from the Multi‐Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (MMRTG) are a larger contributor to the DAN passive data than the Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR)‐induced neutrons; (3) for the MMRTG neutrons, both the thermal and the epithermal counts increase as a function of the subsurface water content; (4) on the other hand, for the GCR‐induced neutrons, the thermal counts increase but the epithermal counts decrease as a function of the subsurface water content; and (5) relative contributions by the MMRTG and GCR to the DAN thermal neutron counts at the Rocknest site, where the rover was stationed from sol 59 to sol 100, are estimated to be ~60% and ~40%, respectively.
Synthesis and antitumor activity of 3- and 5-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (1992)

To develop an alpha-(N)-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone with clinical utility as an anticancer agent, two analogues, 3-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (3-HMP) and 5-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (5-HMP), of 5-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (5-HP) have been designed and synthesized by two different methods. 3-HMP and 5-HMP both showed better antitumor activity than their respective parent compounds, 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and 5-HP, in mice bearing the L1210 leukemia.
Cognitive Behavior Classification From Scalp EEG Signals (2018)

Electroencephalography (EEG) has become increasingly valuable outside of its traditional use in neurology. EEG is now used for neuropsychiatric diagnosis, neurological evaluation of traumatic brain injury, neurotherapy, gaming, neurofeedback, mindfulness, and cognitive enhancement training. The trend to increase the number of EEG electrodes, the development of novel analytical methods, and the availability of large data sets has created a data analysis challenge to find the "signal of interest" that conveys the most information about ongoing cognitive effort. Accordingly, we compare three common types of neural synchrony measures that are applied to EEG-power analysis, phase locking, and phase-amplitude coupling to assess which analytical measure provides the best separation between EEG signals that were recorded, while healthy subjects performed eight cognitive tasks-Hopkins Verbal Learning Test and its delayed version, Stroop Test, Symbol Digit Modality Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Trail Marking Test, Digit Span Test, and Benton Visual Retention Test. We find that of the three analytical methods, phase-amplitude coupling, specifically theta (4-7 Hz)-high gamma (70-90 Hz) obtained from frontal and parietal EEG electrodes provides both the largest separation between the EEG during cognitive tasks and also the highest classification accuracy between pairs of tasks. We also find that phase-locking analysis provides the most distinct clustering of tasks based on their utilization of long-term memory. Finally, we show that phase-amplitude coupling is the least sensitive to contamination by intense jaw-clenching muscle artifact.
Food Act 1984 (1985)

At the end of last year a new Act of Parliament found its way on to the Statue Book. Well — not so much a new one as a rewritten compilation of the old Act with all the alterations and amendments included in the main text.
Macrophage depletion induced by clodronate-loaded erythrocytes (2005)

Given the important role of macrophages in various disorders, the transient and organ specific suppression of their functions may benefit some patients. Until now, liposome-encapsulated bisphosphonate clodronate has been extensively proposed to this end. In this paper, we demonstrate that erythrocytes loaded with clodronate can also be effective in macrophage depletion. Here, clodronate was encapsulated in erythrocytes through hypotonic dialysis, isotonic resealing and reannealing to final concentrations of 4.1 +/- 0.4 and 10.1 +/- 0.8 micromol/ml of human and murine erythrocytes, respectively. The ability of clodronate-loaded erythrocytes to deplete macrophages was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro studies on human macrophages showed that a single administration of engineered erythrocytes was able to reduce cell adherence capacity in a time-dependent manner, reaching 50 +/- 4% reduction, 13 days post treatment. The administration of loaded erythrocytes to cultures of murine peritoneal macrophages was able to reduce macrophage adhesion 67 +/- 3%, 48 h post treatment. In vivo, the ability of clodronate-loaded erythrocytes to deplete macrophages was evaluated both in Swiss and C57BL/6 mice. Swiss mice received 125 microg of clodronate through erythrocytes and 6 days post treatment 69 +/- 7% reduction in the number of adherent peritoneal macrophages and 75 +/- 5% reduction in number of spleen macrophages were observed. C57BL/6 mice received 220 microg clodronate by RBC and 3 and 8 days post treatment 65 +/- 7% reduction in the number of spleen macrophages and the complete depletion of liver macrophages were obtained. In summary, our results indicate that clodronate selectively targeted to the phagocytic cells by a single administration of engineered erythrocytes is able to deplete macrophages, even if not completely. The transient suppression of macrophage functions through clodronate-loaded erythrocytes can be used in many biomedical phenomena and research applications.