gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of omnidirectional dual reflector antenna: Case of the main reflector with circular generatrix (2011)

This work considers the synthesis and analysis of dual reflector antennas designed to radiate omnirectional radiation patterns. The reflectors are circularly symmetric concentric surfaces. Here, the case of the main reflector obtained from a circular generating curve is considered. By applying Geometrical Optics approximations, The main reflector is kept fixed and the subreflector is shaped to produce different tilt angle of the main lobe radiation pattern over the horizon line, considering a uniform phase distribution on a conical aperture placed in front of the main reflector. Depending on the type of ray mapping between the reflectors, two kinds of configurations are identified. By employing the aperture method, the performance of these antennas is predicted and a full wave analysis based on Method of Moments analysis is employed to validate these results.
Commensal Escherichia coli isolates are phylogenetically distributed among geographically distinct human populations (2001)

An intraspecies phylogenetic grouping of 168 human commensal Escherichia coli strains isolated from the stools of three geographically distinct human populations (France, Croatia, Mali) was generated by triplex PCR. The distributions of seven known extraintestinal virulence determinants (ibeA, pap, sfa/foc, afa, hly, cnf1, aer) were also determined by PCR. The data from the three populations were compiled, which showed that strains from phylogenetic groups A (40%) and B1 (34%) were the most common, followed by phylogenetic group D strains (15%). Strains of the phylogenetic group B2 were rare (11%). However, a significant specific distribution for strains of groups A, B1 and B2 within each population was observed, which may indicate the influence of (i) geographic/climatic conditions, (ii) dietary factors and/or the use of antibiotics or (iii) host genetic factors on the commensal flora. Virulence determinants were rarely detected, with only 25.6% of the strains harbouring at least one of the virulence genes tested. The strains with virulence factors most frequently belonged to phylogenetic group B2. The commensal strains of phylogenetic groups A, B1 and D had fewer virulence determinants than pathogenic strains of the corresponding groups when these data were compared with those for previous collections of virulent extraintestinal infection strains studied using the same approach. However, the virulence patterns of commensal and pathogenic B2 phylogenetic group strains were the same. The data thus suggest that strains of the A, B1 and D phylogenetic groups predominate in the gut flora and that these strains must acquire virulence factors to become pathogenic. In contrast, commensal phylogenetic group B2 strains are rare but appear to be potentially virulent.
Extracting and restructuring the design of large systems (1990)

Extraction of the structural and, to a lesser degree, functional and dynamic properties of systems composed of modules and subsystems is treated. The process is equivalent to reverse engineering a system-level design description. The approach used is to map the resource exchange among modules and then derive a hierarchical design description using a system-restructuring algorithm. The medium for the design description is a module interconnection language, NuMIL. The performance of the algorithm shows that it is practical.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hydraulic testing in boreholes for a robust and complete in situ stress determination (2016)

International audience
Immunomodulation by vitamin B12: augmentation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitamin B12-deficient patients by methyl-B12 treatment (1999)

It has been suggested that vitamin B12 (vit.B12) plays an important role in immune system regulation, but the details are still obscure. In order to examine the action of vit.B12 on cells of the human immune system, lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cell activity were evaluated in 11 patients with vit.B12 deficiency anaemia and in 13 control subjects. Decreases in the number of lymphocytes and CD8+ cells and in the proportion of CD4+ cells, an abnormally high CD4/CD8 ratio, and suppressed NK cell activity were noted in patients compared with control subjects. In all 11 patients and eight control subjects, these immune parameters were evaluated before and after methyl-B12 injection. The lymphocyte counts and number of CD8+ cells increased both in patients and in control subjects. The high CD4/CD8 ratio and suppressed NK cell activity were improved by methyl-B12 treatment. Augmentation of CD3-CD16+ cells occurred in patients after methyl-B12 treatment. In contrast, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, lectin-stimulated lymphocyte blast formation, and serum levels of immunoglobulins were not changed by methyl-B12 treatment. These results indicate that vit.B12 might play an important role in cellular immunity, especially relativing to CD8+ cells and the NK cell system, which suggests effects on cytotoxic cells. We conclude that vit.B12 acts as an immunomodulator for cellular immunity.
A model of the relations between risk perception and self-reported safety activity (2006)

A hypothetical model based on theories on stress, coping and motivation, describing the associations between risk perception and self reported safety activity, was tested. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for the analysis of data from a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 315 randomly selected Swedish farmers and farm workers. The results lent support for a model where the effects of risk perception on safety activity were mediated by two parallel paths, job stress and risk manageability. These two mediating mechanisms balanced each other out so that no direct influence of risk perception on safety activity was found. The results therefore suggest that, to increase and prioritize safety activity, efforts should be made to increase perceived risk manageability, supporting safety solutions simultaneously with efforts to reduce felt stress. Interventions focusing solely on risk perception, such as giving information about the negative consequences of risks, may result in little positive effect on safety activity.
Probing Latent Biomarker Signatures and in Vivo Pathway Activity in Experimental Disease States via Statistical Total Correlation Spectroscopy (STOCSY) of Biofluids:  Application to HgCl<sub>2</sub>Toxicity (2006)

A new multivariate statistical approach, based on the novel combination of projection on latent structure analysis with an inbuilt orthogonal filter (OPLS-DA) coupled with a spectroscopic correlation method statistical total correlation spectroscopy (STOCSY), was used to characterize the in vivo metabolic pathway perturbations of a model renal cortical toxin HgCl2, in the rat, using urine as an indicator of metabolic homeostasis disruption. This method provided an unbiased, sensitive approach to biomarker extraction and identification, and showed potential for generating potential novel pathway connectivities.
Studies on the high-temperature superconductor (HTS)/metal/polymer dielectric interconnect structure for packaging applications (1994)

A HTS/metal/low dielectric constant polymer dielectric hybrid interconnect structure was fabricated using high density interconnect (HDI) copper/polyimide processing techniques. Nondegraded superconducting properties, J/sub c/ of over 1 MAcm/sup -2/ and T/sub c/ of 88 K, were obtained using optimum processing conditions. A 0.6 /spl mu/m-thick YBCO film was coevaporated on LaAlO/sub 3/ substrate, annealed, patterned, and Au contact pads were deposited. A Kapton polyimide film was laminated on HTS parts in an oxygen environment. Using a siloxane polyimide (SPI) base adhesive at 170-210/spl deg/C or a polyester base adhesive at 150/spl deg/C vias were drilled on the polymer layer using a 351 nm Ar laser followed by subsequent via cleaning with O/sub 2/+CF/sub 4/ plasma. To complete test parts Ti/Cu/Ti metallization and patterning with a laser adaptive lithography were followed. It was found that the laminated polymer film on the HTS protected HTS film properties from heating and water exposure. The polyimide laminated HTS film maintains its superconductivity up to 210/spl deg/C of lamination temperature. The hybrid structure also showed excellent reliability performances: 6% J/sub c/ decrease at 150/spl deg/C/65 h thermal bake, 12% J/sub c/ decrease after 100 thermal cycles from -96 to 150/spl deg/C, and maintain superconductivity in water immersion up to more than 10 h. T/sub c/ of samples remained always the same 88 K. Coplanar HTS lines, microstrip HTS/metal lines, and HTS power strip line structures were demonstrated on a 2-in-diameter HTS wafer coupon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Nanocellulose (2012)

This specialist monograph provides an overview of the recent research on the fundamental and applied properties of nanoparticles extracted from cellulose, the most abundant polymer on the planet and an essential renewable resource. Given the rapid advancements in the field and the high level of interest within the scientific and industrial communities, this timely book will be required reading for all those working with nanocellulose in the life sciences and bio-based applications, biological, chemical and agricultural engineering, organic chemistry and materials science. The author pioneered the use of cellulose nanoparticles (cellulose nanocrystals or whiskers and cellulose microfibrils) in nanocomposite applications.The book combines a general introduction to cellulose and basic techniques with more advanced chapters on specific properties and applications of nanocellulose.
Special articles on new aspects of silicon chemistry. Biological activity of organo silicon compounds. Study on cancer chemotherapeutic activity. (1990)

有機ケイ素化合物の抗腫瘍活性を培養細胞系と実験動物移植腫瘍系を用いて検討した。50種類の化合物には培養細胞系においてEhrlichがん,肉腫-180.Lewis肺がんおよびB-16メラノーマに対して細胞増殖抑制効果を示す化合物が認められ,また,マウス移植腫瘍系においても上記の各固形腫瘍に対して経口投与によって有効な抗腫瘍活性を現わす化合物が見いだされた.中でも2-(2-Trimethylsilylethy1)thiaethylamine(SDK-12A)は最も強い活性を示し,その効果は抗がん剤5-FUのそれに匹敵するものであった。さらに,SDK-12AはLewis肺がんの転移を有意に抑制し.遅延型免疫機能賦活化作用も認められた。またSDK-12Aは実験動物において毒性面では安全性の高い化合物であった。これらの結果は,SDK-12Aが多面的作用を持った特異な化合物であり,抗がん剤開発の研究領域からみて興味ある物質である。
Multiplierless implementation of recursive digital filters using a class of low sensitivity structures (2002)

One of the method of reducing coefficient sensitivity is that of coefficient translation. The structure is altered in such a way that the sensitivity with respect to the modified coefficients is reduced to a great extent compared to that with respect to the original coefficients. In low sensitivity structures the modified coefficients can be realized with multipliers of shorter wordlength i.e., in fewer number bits. When these are implemented in minimum numbers of signed powers of two (MNSPT) form, we have a multiplierless implementation These implementations are not associated with increase in the order of the filter that involves more number of shift registers, data paths, control circuits, etc., and hence, an increase in complexity i.e. indirect overheads.
On-line signature verification with hidden Markov models (2002)

This paper addresses the problem of online signature verification based on hidden Markov models (HMM). We use a novel type of digitizer tablet and pay special attention to the use of pen-tilt. We investigate the verification reliability based on different forgery types. We compare the discriminative value of the different features based on a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and show that pen-tilt is important. On the basis of home-improved, over-the-shoulder and professional forgeries, we show that the amount of dynamic information available to an imposter is important and that forgeries based on paper copies are easier to detect. The results obtained with a database of almost 5000 signatures of 51 persons with highly skilled forgeries include equal-error rates between 1% and 1.9%.
The Effect of Ultrapolish on a Transonic Axial Rotor (2012)

Back-to-back testing was done using NASA fan rotor 67 in the Glenn Research Center W8 Axial Compressor Test Facility. The rotor was baseline tested with a normal industrial root-mean-square (RMS) surface finish of 0.5 μm to 0.6 μm (20 microinches to 24 microinches) at 60, 80, and 100% of design speed. At design speed the tip relative Mach number was 1.38. The blades were then removed from the facility and ultrapolished to a surface finish of 0.125 μm (5 microinch) or less and retested. At 100% speed near the design point, the ultrapolished blades showed approximately 0.3% to 0.5% increase in adiabatic efficiency. The difference was greater near maximum flow. Due to increased relative measurement error at 60 and 80% speed, the performance difference between the normal and ultrapolished blades was indeterminate at these speeds.
Monoclonal antibodies in nuclear medicine. (1985)

Monoclonal antibodies have been a part of biomedical research for nearly a decade, yet a comparable period of time may be required before radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies come into standard practice in the diagnosis and therapy of human disease. Difficulties in identifying appropriate antigens, developing the optimal antibody species, attaching the most effective radiolabel and choosing the best method of administration all confound present investigations. The problems confronting therapeutic applications are, for the most part, an extension of those associated with diagnostic techniques. Still, there is much well-deserved optimism, and progress in all areas of investigation will ultimately come together to resolve most if not all of these problems. It is inevitable that monoclonal antibodies will have significant impact on the practice of nuclear medicine, and presented here is a review of the basic knowledge as well as an update on the current status of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies in medicine.
Effects of Seed Layer Characteristics on the Synthesis of ZnO Nanowires (2009)

Single crystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires were synthesized on sputter‐deposited ZnO seed layers via hydrothermal reactions in an equimolar (20 mM) aqueous solutions of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O and C 6 H 12 N 4 at 90°C. The sputter‐deposited ZnO seed layers were prepared to exhibit different crystalline structures in order to examine their effects on the growth of ZnO nanowires. It was found that the nanowire diameter depends on the size of the (002) grains of the seed layer. This is attributed to the epitaxially growth of the nanowires from the columnar grains of the seed layer which is shown by the TEM analysis.
Fast Transient Response Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator (2014)

This paper presents the design of Low Drop-Out (LDO) voltage regulator has fast transient response and which exploits a few current else low quiescent current in the operational amplifier PMOS type. We use band-gap reference for eliminate the temperature dependence. The proposed LDO voltage regulator implemented in 0.18-m CMOS technology, we use Folded cascode CMOS amplifiers high performance in the stability , provide fast transient response which explains a fast settling, the LDO itself should provide in the output regulator voltages at t equal 2ps with transient variation of the voltage less than 170mV. High accuracy in the DC response terms, the simulation results show that the accuracy of the output regulator voltages is 1.540.009V, and power consumption of 1.51 mW.
The synthesis of amine-capped magnetic (Fe, Mn, Co, Ni) oxide nanocrystals and their surface modification for aqueous dispersibility (2006)

Nano-dimensional single-crystals of Fe, Mn, Co or Ni oxides have been prepared by the decomposition of their metal acetylacetonate at elevated temperatures in hexadecylamine. The amine acts as both a solvent and the capping agent. The crystalline structure and morphology of resulting samples have been characterized by TEM, HRTEM, SAED and XRD. The nanocrystals can be dispersed in aqueous solution by overcoating the surface with amphiphilic polyelectrolytes.
A Review on the Safety and Efficacy of Inhaled Corticosteroids in the Management of Asthma (2017)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by symptoms of cough, dyspnea, chest tightness, and wheeze. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have been recommended as initial therapy in the treatment of persistent asthma in all guidelines, as they have been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, high-dose regimens and long-term use of ICS may be associated with a variety of side effects, similar to those observed with systemic corticosteroid therapy. These side effects include impaired growth in children, osteoporosis, fractures, glaucoma, cataracts, and skin thinning. The current recommendations on ICS use in asthma management will be reviewed in this article with a view to highlight treatment strategies that strike an optimal balance between safety and efficacy.
Transforming real linear prediction coefficients to line spectral representations with a real FFT (2005)

This paper describes a novel algorithm for transforming linear prediction coefficients (LPCs) to line spectral frequencies (LSFs) and line spectral pairs (LSPs) used by most of the speech processing applications. The symmetric and antisymmetric polynomials (SAPS) for LSP/LSFs, corresponding to the LPC polynomial, are first multiplexed into a single real sequence. The required samples of SAPS correspond to the DFT of the obtained real sequence. The proposed algorithm is referred as PMLS as it is based on the Plus Minus (PM) algorithm an FFT which efficiently computes the DFT of a real sequence for the positive frequency interval only. The samples of the SAPS are efficiently utilized for the computation of a single parameter which is used for computation of LSF and LSP independently with some interpolation principles. This interpolation exploits the available samples of SAPS and does not require their samples at finer resolution. The efficiency of the PMLS is illustrated with the help of some examples. Some guidelines for an optimal implementation of PMLS on fixed point digital signal processors (DSPs) are also presented.
Direct detection of expanded trinucleotide repeats using PCR and DNA hybridization techniques (1996)

Recently, unstable trinucleotide repeats have been shown to be the etiologic factor in seven neuropsychiatric diseases, and they may play a similar role in other genetic disorders which exhibit genetic anticipation. We have tested one polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based and two hybridization-based methods for direct detection of unstable DNA expansion in genomic DNA. This technique employs a single primer (asymmetric) PCR using total genomic DNA as a template to efficiently screen for the presence of large trinucleotide repeat expansions. High-stringency Southern blot hybridization with a PCR-generated trinucleotide repeat probe allowed detection of the DNA fragment containing the expansion. Analysis of myotonic dystrophy patients containing different degrees of (CTG)n expansion demonstrated the identification of the site of trinucleotide instability in some affected individuals without any prior information regarding genetic map location. The same probe was used for fluorescent in situ hybridization and several regions of (CTG)n/(CAG)n repeats in the human genome were detected, including the myotonic dystrophy locus on chromosome 19q. Although limited at present to large trinucleotide repeat expansions, these strategies can be applied to directly clone genes involved in disorders caused by large expansions of unstable DNA.
Stereo-based real-time scene segmentation for a home robot (2010)

This paper proposes a real-time scene segmentation method based on stereovision and intended for the use on a home service robot. In the first step of our approach the input disparity image is replaced by a lower resolution image. Its pixel disparity values are the result of building histograms over small neighbourhoods in the original image and selecting the maxima. This significantly reduces noise as well as wrong matches, and allows for meaningful local processing. Using constraints derived from the geometry and kinematics of the system camera - robot, ground plane pixels in the lower part of the image are selected. A least squares plane fit is applied to these points to determine the parameters of the ground plane and the rest of the pixels is labelled either as ground point or object point. Removal of the ground leaves single standing clusters of disparities corresponding to objects, which serves as both input for obstacle avoidance as well as object classification.
Deposition of Chromium Species at Sr-Doped LaMnO[sub 3] Electrodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: III. Effect of Air Flow (2001)

Deposition processes of chromium (Cr) species for the system chromia-forming alloy metallic interconnect/Sr-doped (LSM) electrode/3 mol % (TZ3Y) electrolyte have been investigated at 900°C with no air flow (i.e., the electrode was exposed to open air). With air flow, the deposition of Cr species took place preferentially at the TZ3Y electrolyte surface with the formation of and [S. P. Jiang, J. P. Zhang, L. Apateanu, and K. Foger, J. Electrochem. Soc., 147, 4013 (2000)]. Without air flow, Cr deposition processes at the LSM electrode are very different. Deposition of Cr species occurred on the TZ3Y electrolyte surface but also on the LSM electrode surface. Cr deposits were significantly higher on areas under the rib of the interconnect, compared to that under the channel of the interconnect. Elemental analysis shows that the composition of Cr deposits is most likely on the TZ3Y electrolyte surface and (La, Sr)(Cr, or (Cr, on the LSM electrode surface. The results demonstrate that the mechanism of Cr deposition at the LSM electrode is not affected by the air flow. However, the kinetics of the deposition process strongly depend on the flux of gaseous Cr species, which in turn are affected by the air flow and the cell configuration (i.e., the stack design). © 2001 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
AlGaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes grown on bulk AlN substrates (2004)

We have confirmed the potential of a bulk AlN substrate for high current operation of nitride ultraviolet-light-emitting diodes (UV-LEDs). For the high flux UV extraction from nitride UV-LEDs, transparency and high thermal conductivity of the substrates are important issues. The bulk AlN is one of the best candidates, because it satisfies requirements above, and has the same crytallographic symmetry with those of AlGa(In)N families, which is beneficial to the high-quality crystal growth of the nitride device structures. We formed AlGaN-based UV-LEDs on a bulk AlN substrate and compared its performance with that of a reference device grown on an AlN-template grown on a sapphire substrate. The output power linearly increases with a saturation injection current of 300 mA, which is two times higher than that of the reference device. The emission spectrum under high current injection is much more stable than that of conventional substrate.