gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Application-level technique for faster transmission of large images on the internet</title> (1995)

An application-level technique for improving the transmission rate of large files is described in this paper. Such techniques are important in areas such as telemedicine, where near-real-time delivery of large files such as digital images is a goal: end users may include specialist whose time is scarce and expensive, and timely access to the data may be necessary for effective clinical treatment. Faster delivery is also an enabling technology for accessing remote medial archives. In conventional TCP/IP transmission, data to be transmitted is sent down one logical communication channel. Our technique divided the data into segments; each segment is sent down its own channel, and the segments are reassembled into a copy of the original data at the receiving end. This technique has been implemented and tested in a client-server program using Berkeley Unix sockets, multiple independent process for channel control, and interprocess communication techniques to guarantee the receipt and correct reassembly of the transmitted data. Performance measurements have been made on several hundred Internet transmissions (including Arizona-to-Maryland transmissions) of 5-megabyte cervical x- ray images. Transmission time as a function of number of channels has been recorded, and a 3-fold improvement in transmission rate has been observed.
Effects of BRL 35135, a beta-adrenoceptor agonist with novel selectivity, on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in obese subjects. (1989)

BRL 35135 is a novel oral agent which, when dosed chronically to obese rodents with abnormal glucose tolerance, improves both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. To study its effect in man, 10 obese patients on a weight-maintaining diet received BRL 35135 2 mg four times per day for 5 days and then 6 mg four times per day for 5 days. Oral 100 g glucose tolerance tests were performed 1 day prior to and 12 h after the 10-day treatment with BRL 35135. Simultaneously, energy expenditure, glucose oxidation and glucose storage were measured by open-circuit indirect calorimetry. No significant changes in body weight occurred during the 10-day treatment with BRL 35135. Areas under the curves for glucose and insulin were reduced following treatment with BRL 35135 (1518 +/- 152 to 1277 +/- 132 mmol/1/3 h, P less than 0.001 and 13.8 +/- 1.7 to 9.5 +/- 1.3 U/l/3 h, P less than 0.01) (mean +/- s.e.m.). In addition, plasma glucose concentrations, 2h post-oral glucose, were reduced significantly (8.7 +/- 1.0 mmol/l to 6.7 +/- 0.78, P less than 0.01). There was no effect of the treatment on glucose-induced thermogenesis and glucose oxidation did not change but glucose storage increased significantly. The results suggest that BRL 35135 improves glucose tolerance by an increase in insulin sensitivity that is independent of body weight. Glucose storage accounted for the increased glucose disposal.
Motion-compensated noise estimation for efficient prefiltering in a video encoder (2004)

For efficient prefiltering prior to video encoding, exact noise strength of an input video sequence should be found, but it is actually a very difficult process. This paper presents an accurate noise estimation scheme using multiresolution motion estimation in a video encoder. Firstly, if the multiresolution motion estimator finds minimum block-matching errors at the finest resolution and the middle resolution, the differences between the two block-matching errors are computed and averaged for all the macroblocks (MBs) in an input frame. Based on a property that the average difference of each frame is linearly proportional to its noisiness, the noise strength of the input frame is precisely estimated. Experimental results show that the proposed noise estimation is very accurate.
Progesterone blocks cholesterol translocation from lysosomes. (1992)

Fluorescent microscopic examination of fibroblasts cultured with low density lipoprotein (LDL) and progesterone (10 micrograms/ml) for 24 h revealed extensive filipin-cholesterol staining of perinuclear lysosomes. Levels of unesterified cholesterol were 2-fold greater than in fibroblasts cultured with LDL alone. Progesterone strongly blocked cholesteryl ester synthesis. When cellular uptake of LDL was monitored in the presence of 58035, a specific inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase, excess unesterified cholesterol was not stored in lysosomes. Discontinuation of LDL uptake in conjunction with progesterone washout markedly reversed the filipin-cholesterol staining of lysosomes. Reversal of the lysosomal cholesterol lipidosis was associated with a rapid burst of cholesteryl ester synthesis and a normalization of the cellular levels of free and esterified cholesterol. In contrast to normal cells, progesterone removal from Niemann-Pick C fibroblasts did not reverse the lysosomal cholesterol accumulation of these mutant cultures. The metabolic precursor of progesterone, pregnenolone, also induced extensive accumulation of cholesterol in lysosomes. Other steroids induced less vacuolar cholesterol accumulation in the following decreasing order: corticosterone and testosterone, promegestone, RU 486. The relative inhibition of cellular cholesterol esterification by the steroids paralleled their respective abilities to sequester cholesterol in lysosomes rather than their inhibition of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in cell-free extracts. The progesterone-related inhibition and restoration of lysosomal cholesterol trafficking is a useful experimental means of studying intracellular cholesterol transport. A particularly important feature of its utility is the facile reversibility of the steroid-induced block. The lysosomal cholesterol lipidosis established with a hydrophobic amine, U18666A, was not as readily reversed.
Improved growth of in vitro colonies in human acute leukemia with the feeding culture method. (1977)

Bone marrow cells freshly aspirated from the 10 consecutive untreated adult patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia were cultured by 2 different methods: the conventional agar culture method for myeloid colony formation and its modification by daily feeding with culture medium. In 5 patients, colonies grew in much higher numbers (4.7-to 330-fold) with feeding than without. Three patients grew colonies only with feeding. Two of these 3 patients required L-ascorbic acid in the fed medium for colony growth. Colonies did not grow from the remaining 2 patients by any method. In 7 patients the number of colonies grown with feeding were much higher, up to 170 times higher, than were those from normal control marrows, which grew the same number of colonies regardless of feeding or L-ascorbic acid. Peroxidase and Wright's stains indicated the myeloid differentiation of the cells in the leukemic marrow colonies. The leukemic origin of the colonies was proven by chromosomal analysis. The wide range of linearity between the number of cells plated and the number of colonies grown permits quantitative assay of colony-forming leukemic cells. This assay should be valuable for studies of chemotherapy, growth regulation, and differentiation of leukemic cells.
Mapracorat, a novel selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist, inhibits hyperosmolar-induced cytokine release and MAPK pathways in human corneal epithelial cells. (2010)

Mapracorat acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent in corneal epithelial cells challenged with osmotic stress, with comparable activity to the traditional steroid dexamethasone. These in vitro data suggest that mapracorat may be efficacious in the treatment of dry eye disease.
Inhibitory activity of interferons and interleukin 1 on the development of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> in human hepatocyte cultures. (1987)

We have studied the effect of natural and recombinant human interferons (HuIFN-alpha, -beta, and -gamma), and interleukin 1 (IL-1) on development of sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum in cultures of functional hepatocytes. HuIFN-gamma inhibits hepatic schizogony of P. falciparum at very low concentrations (0.1 to 10 international units/ml), the target being the hepatocyte. Application after sporozoite inoculation is effective, suggesting an intracellular mechanism. There is also an 84% inhibition after application from 4 to 6 days following inoculation so that by day 6, there was a disappearance of a significant number of schizonts previously present at day 4, indicating more than a parasitostatic effect, and probably a postassembly action. HuIFN-alpha and -beta were effective, but only at 1000-fold higher concentrations than HuIFN-gamma. IL-1 (5 U/ml) also inhibited hepatic development of P. falciparum sporozoites; however, IL-1 treatment was effective only when applied before sporozoite inoculation.
Screening red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) for possible viral causes of encephalitis (2016)

Red foxes can exhibit BoDV-1 specific antibodies without association with geographic origin or encephalitis due to bornavirus infection. The encephalitis pattern was highly conspicuous for a viral infection, but remained unclear in 10 out of 16 foxes. Thus, presently unknown infectious and non-infectious causes need to be considered and further investigated, especially since foxes also tend to occur in human proximity.
Simulation of Controlled-Slip Variable-Speed Induction Motor Drive Systems (1969)

Recent developments in high-performance variable-speed induction motor drive systems offer the possibility of wide applications. The expected decline in cost of semiconductor switching devices in coming years will make such drives economically compatible with dc and ac commutator machines for variable-speed applications.
The <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Transcriptome in Response to <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> (2006)

The pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a broad range of plants, introducing the T-DNA into their genome. Contrary to all known bacterial phytopathogens, A. tumefaciens lacks the hypersensitive response-inducing hrp genes, although it introduces numerous proteins into the plant cell through a type IV secretion system. To understand the timing and extent of the plant transcriptional response to this unusual pathogen, we used an Arabidopsis 26,000-gene oligonucleotide microarray. We inoculated Arabidopsis cell cultures with an oncogenic Agrobacterium strain and analyzed four biological replicates to identify two robust sets of regulated genes, one induced and the other suppressed. In both cases, the response was distinct at 48 h after infection, but not at 24 h or earlier. The induced set includes genes encoding known defense proteins, and the repressed set is enriched with genes characteristic of cell proliferation even though a growth arrest was not visible in the inoculated cultures. The analysis of the repressed genes revealed that the conserved upstream regulatory elements Frankiebox (also known as "site II") and Telobox are associated with the suppression of gene expression. The regulated gene sets should be useful in dissecting the signaling pathways in this plant-pathogen interaction.
A collaborative coexistence mechanism for IEEE 802.15.3 and 802.15.4 WPANs (2009)

Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) are short-range ad-hoc networks centered around a person that make use of unlicensed bands for data transmission. Two complementary types of standards have been proposed by IEEE working groups for both High Data Rate (HDR) and Low Data Rate (LDR) WPANs. However, because of the unlicensed nature of WPANs, interference issues exist between uncoordinated WPANs. These interference issues are particularly severe when two or more nodes are closely located (e.g. in a multimode LDR/HDR device). This paper proposes a novel collaborative coexistence mechanism named Alternating Wireless Activity (AWA, patent pending) between a HDR WPAN based on the standard IEEE 802.15.3 and a LDR WPAN based on the standard IEEE 802.15.4. The AWA coexistence mechanism does not require any modification to the mentioned standards because it exploits their already available features.
Photosensitivity and visually induced seizures: review (2005)

Photosensitive epilepsy constitutes a unique benchmark model in which to address important issues in human epileptogenesis. The scope of the health risks posed by the modern audiovisual environment is increasingly being recognized, and further development of guidelines and regulations to control exposure to provocative materials are warranted.
Hughes 702 concentrator solar array (2002)

The first commercial satellite with trough configuration concentrators was successfully deployed in January of 2000. The satellite is a Hughes 702 series built by Hughes Space and Communications Company (HSC). The concentrators consist of large thin film sheets held at their four corners and positioned at an angle on both sides of each solar panel. The sheets are tensioned by spring elements at each corner and accurately positioned with respect to the panel with tether cords. During launch, the reflectors are compressed, folded and stowed to the backs of the panels. As the wing slowly deploys, the reflectors are released at specific wing shape configurations and then rotate into position. The resulting configuration produces about 1.8X the solar energy incident onto the panel and a net power amplification of 1.4 to 1.5. The first on-orbit deployment was captured on video and was completely nominal. The power output was within the predict range.
Complementation of <i>coq3</i> Mutant Yeast by Mitochondrial Targeting of the <i>Escherichia coli</i> UbiG Polypeptide:  Evidence That UbiG Catalyzes Both <i>O</i>-Methylation Steps in Ubiquinone Biosynthesis (1996)

Ubiquinone functions in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Recent evidence suggests that the reduced form of ubiquinone (ubiquinol) may also function as a lipid soluble antioxidant. The biosynthesis of ubiquinone requires two O-methylation steps. In eukaryotes, the first O-methylation step is carried out by the Coq3 polypeptide, which catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoate. In Escherichia coli, 2-polyprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol is the predicted substrate; however, the corresponding O-methyltransferase has not been identified. The second O-methylation step in E. coli, the conversion of demethylubiquinone to ubiquinone, is carried out by the UbiG methyltransferase, which is 40% identical in amino acid sequence with the yeast Coq3 methyltransferase. On the basis of the chemical similarity of the first and last methyl-acceptor substrates and the high degree of amino acid sequence identity between Coq3p and UbiG, the ability of UbiG to catalyze both O-methylation steps was investigated. The current study shows that the ubiG gene is able to restore respiration in the yeast coq3 mutant, provided ubiG is modified to contain a mitochondrial leader sequence. The mitochondrial targeting of O-methyltransferase activity is an essential feature of the ability to restore respiration and hence ubiquinone biosynthesis in vivo. In vitro import assays show the mitochondrial leader sequence present on Coq3p functions to direct mitochondrial import of Coq3p in vitro and that processing to the mature form requires a membrane potential. In vitro methyltransferase assays with E. coli cell lysates and synthetically prepared farnesylated-substrate analogs indicate that UbiG methylates both the derivative of the eukaryotic intermediate, 3,4-dihydroxy-5-farnesylbenzoate, as well as that of the E. coli intermediate, 2-farnesyl-6-hydroxyphenol. The data presented indicate that the yeast Coq3 polypeptide is located in the mitochondria and that E. coli UbiG catalyzes both O-methylation steps in E. coli.
English court upholds ban on newspaper publishing identity of HIV-positive health-care worker. (2002)

In the last issue of the Review, we reported about an HIV-positive health-care worker in the UK who brought legal proceedings to prevent the National Health Service from notifying his previous patients that he is infected. In February 2002, the Court of Appeal for England and Wales (Civil Division) upheld a ban on publishing his name and that of the health authority for which he worked.
3D Visualization of Hierarchical Clustered Web Search Results (2007)

The immaturity of semantic search engines has initiated researchers to apply various novel postprocessing techniques on traditional search engine results among which clustering routines are most conspicuous. While many of these routines are focused on hierarchical clustering, little has been done toward an effective visualization of such data. Due to the richness of information observed in 3D in comparison with 2D (because of its abundant visual cues), we have proposed an intuitive 3D metaphor for the visualization of hierarchical clustered results. Our metaphor is based on fractal trees which are usually constructed by linear recursive algorithms traversing node-link hierarchies. The search results of different hierarchical clustering algorithms shall be visualized as either single-tree or forest metaphors which are user's customizable alternatives in our implemented prototype. In the forest depiction, our approach is even applicable to flat clustered results.
Inhibition of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin by neoglycoprotein and anti-lectin antibodies which mimic GM1 receptor (2002)

Escherichia coli producing heat-labile enterotoxin is responsible for numerous cases of diarrhea worldwide, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. The B subunits of this toxin are responsible for the binding to the receptor, the complex ganglioside GM1 which has galactose as its terminal sugar. In this study we showed that analogs of galactose (gal) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) interfere with the binding of heat-labile toxin to GM1. Antibodies to lectins which mimic sugar structures and neoglycoprotein were employed. These compounds were able to inhibit heat-labile toxin activity efficiently in Vero cells: 37 Wg of IgG-enriched fraction from an antiserum inhibited up to 70% of this activity, and 50% of the binding of heat-labile toxin to GM1. Neoglycoprotein was more efficient than antibodies, since 2.5 Wg of this ligand completely abolished the activity of heat-labile toxin on Vero cells. These data suggest that these molecules could be developed for prophylaxis and diagnosis of diarrhea caused by heat-labile toxin.
In vitro antioxidant activity of Diospyros malabarica Kostel bark. (2006)

Antioxidant activity of defatted methanol extract of D. malabarica bark was studied for its free radical scavenging property on different in vitro models e.g. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl radical and lipid peroxide radical model. The extract showed good dose-dependent free radical scavenging property in all the models except in hydroxyl radical inhibition assay. IC50 values were found to be 9.16, 13.21, 25.27 and 17.33 microg/ml respectively in DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. In hydroxyl radical inhibition assay 1000 microg/ml extract showed only 10% inhibition with respect to the control. Measurement of total phenolic compounds by Folin-Ciocalteu's phenol reagent indicated that 1 mg of the extract contained 120.7 microg equivalent of pyrocatechol. The results indicate that the antioxidant property of the extract may be due to the high content of phenolic compounds. However, the underlying mechanism may not involve hydroxyl radical scavenging property.
Enhancing TCP performance in multihop ad hoc networks (2013)

In multi hop ad hoc networks, performance of TCP degrades due to various reasons such as MAC contention, congestion, large round-trip time variations. In multi hop ad hoc network the over-injection of conventional TCP window mechanism results in severe contentions, and medium contention causes congestion. In multi hop ad hoc network, delay variance at MAC results in large round trip time variations. This paper proposes an Adaptive congestion window mechanism presents an enhancement in TCP round-trip time estimation using the information from the routing layer. This scheme reduces spurious round trip timeout and also reduces unnecessary retransmissions which are caused by link failures. This method significantly improves throughput performance of the network. Also, the round-trip time (RTT) is split into two parts: 1) congestion RTT and 2) contention RTT. Congestion RTT is used to determine BDP. Contention RTT is used to determine the contention situation. Simulation results show the improvements in TCP obtained through this approach in terms of throughput and delay performance.
Do long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids influence infant cognitive behaviour? (1998)

Conference Article| May 01 1998 Do long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids influence infant cognitive behaviour? J. S. Forsyth; J. S. Forsyth 1 1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar P. Willatts; P. Willatts 1Departments of Child Health and Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. K. DiModogno; M. K. DiModogno 1Departments of Child Health and Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Varma; S. Varma 1Departments of Child Health and Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Colvin M. Colvin 1Departments of Child Health and Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, Scotland, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1998) 26 (2): 252–256. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0260252 Article history Received: November 18 1997 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation J. S. Forsyth, P. Willatts, M. K. DiModogno, S. Varma, M. Colvin; Do long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids influence infant cognitive behaviour?. Biochem Soc Trans 1 May 1998; 26 (2): 252–256. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0260252 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: LCPUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, AA, arachidonic acid, DHA, docosahexaenoic acid, EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid This content is only available as a PDF. © 1998 Biochemical Society1998 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Genotype‐phenotype correlation in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: report of the International <i>RET</i> Mutation Consortium (1995)

The International RET Mutation Consortium was first convened as part of the Fifth International Workshop on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Stockholm, Sweden, in an attempt to analyse the relationship of RET mutation and disease phenotype in the autosomal dominantly inherited multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2) syndromes. Out of 361 families studied, 41% had MEN 2A, 17.7% MEN 2B, 6.4% FMTC and the remaining subjects were unclassified. RET mutations were detected in 87.3% of families overall. Over 93% of MEN 2B families had the RET 918 ATG-->ACG mutation, while the most frequent mutation detected in MEN 2A families was cysteine codon 634 (87% of all mutations).
Smarter recompilation (1988)

Tichy's Smart Recompilation method can be made smarter by permitting benign type inconsistencies between separately compiled modules. This enhanced method helps the programmer to make far-reaching changes in small, manageable steps.