gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cultured human trabecular meshwork cells express functional growth factor receptors. (1998)

These studies show that mRNA for numerous growth factor receptors can be detected in cultured HTM cells and in ex vivo HTM tissues. They also show that many of the receptors are functional, because exogenous growth factor administration elicits a physiologic response. In vivo, these receptors may be activated by growth factors present within the aqueous humor (aquecrine/paracrine) or by growth factors synthesized and released locally by trabecular meshwork cells themselves (autocrine). Specific growth factors acting through high-affinity receptors may be involved in maintaining the normal microenvironment of the HTM and also may be involved in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma.
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for non-ulcer dyspepsia (2005)

H pylori eradication therapy has a small but statistically significant effect in H pylori positive non-ulcer dyspepsia. An economic model suggests this modest benefit may still be cost-effective but more research is needed.
Master Langevin equations: Origin of asymptotic diffusion (1993)

We extend the master-equation treatment of dynamical evolution of a system-plus-reservoir configuration including the propagation of initial correlations as a noise source. Specializing into the quantum harmonic oscillator coupled to a fermionic heat bath, we develop a model for the diffusion matrix in the space of diagonal density operators. It can be shown that mean values of observables undergo Langevin-like motion and, in particular, that the mean value and dispersion of the oscillator quanta approach the canonical equilibrium values. A final interpretation of the characteristics and role of the noise source is given.
Detection of Arousals in Patients with Respiratory Sleep Disorders Using a Single Channel EEG (2005)

Frequent arousals during sleep degrade the quality of sleep and result in sleep fragmentation. Visual inspection of physiological signals to detect the arousal events is inconvenient and time-consuming work. The purpose of this study was to develop an automatic algorithm to detect the arousal events. We proposed the automatic method to detect arousals based on time-frequency analysis and the support vector machine (SVM) classifier using a single channel sleep electroencephalogram (EEG). The performance of our method has been assessed using polysomnographic (PSG) recordings of nine patients with sleep apnea, snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). By the proposed method, we could obtain sensitivity of 87.92% and specificity of 95.56% for the training sets, and sensitivity of 75.26% and specificity of 93.08% for the testing sets, respectively. We have shown that proposed method was effective for detecting the arousal events.
Three-dimensional printing of a microneedle array on personalized curved surfaces for dual-pronged treatment of trigger finger (2017)

The hand function of patients who suffer from trigger finger can be impaired by the use of traditional splints. There is also a risk of systemic side effects with oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for pain relief. Microneedle-assisted transdermal drug delivery offers an attractive alternative for local delivery of NSAIDs. However, traditional microneedle arrays fabricated on flat surfaces are unable to deliver drugs effectively across the undulating skin surface of affected finger(s). In this study, using 3D printing, a dual-function microneedle array has been fabricated on personalized curved surfaces (microneedle splint) for drug delivery and splinting of the affected finger. The novel microneedle splint was assessed for its physical characteristics and the microneedles were shown to withstand up to twice the average thumb force without fracturing. An average skin penetration efficiency of 64% on dermatomed human cadaver skin was achieved and the final microneedle splint showed biocompatibility with human dermal cell lines. A significantly higher amount of diclofenac permeated through the skin by 0.5 h with the use of the microneedle splint as compared to intact skin. The fabricated microneedle splint can thus be a potential new approach to treat trigger finger via personalized splinting without affecting normal hand function.
High-efficiency dielectric multilayer gratings optimized for manufacturability and laser damage threshold (1996)

Ultrashort pulse, high-intensity lasers offer new opportunities for the study of light-matter interaction and for inertial confinement fusion. A 100 Terawatt laser operating 400 fs and 1.053 {mu}m is operational at LLNL, and a 1000 Terawatt (Petawatt) laser will come online in early 1996. These lasers use large-aperture (40 cm and 94 cm diameter, respectively) diffraction gratings to compress the amplified laser pulse. At present, hologrphically produced, gold overcoated photoresist gratings are used: these gratings represent the fuse in the laser chain. Higher laser damage thresholds and higher diffraction efficiencies are theoretically possible with multilayer dielectric gratings (MDG`s). A number of design parameters regarding both the multilayer stack and the etched grating structure can be optimized to maximize the laser damage threshold and also improve the processing latitude for the interference lithography and reactive ion etching steps used during manufacture of these gratings. This paper presents model predictions for the behavior of hafnia/silica MDG`s both during processing and in operation, and presents experimental data on the diffraction efficiency and short- pulse laser damage threshold for optimized witness gratings.
Eubacterial origin of chlamydiae (1986)

The sequence of the 16S rRNA gene from Chlamydia psittaci was determined. Comparison of this sequence with other 16S rRNA sequences showed the organism to be eubacterial. The organism represents a hitherto unrecognized major eubacterial group. However, this group may be peripherally related to the planctomyces and relatives. Although these two groups seem to have very little in common phenotypically (they have been studied in very different ways), cell walls in both cases contain no peptidoglycan.
Elastic Wave Velocities in Laminated Media (1955)

The velocities of elastic waves in a laminated medium have been determined by calculating the effective elastic parameters and the effective density. The procedure is to assume the medium to be in static equilibrium and exposed to certain stresses. The stresses are of such a nature as to generate strains similar to those which would exist during the passage of an elastic wave through the medium. From the application of Hooke's law, an effective stiffness constant for the medium is obtained. The ratio of this effective stiffness to the effective density is the square of the velocity of the elastic wave. For a medium consisting of layers of two materials with the same density but with a velocity contrast of two (2), the velocity of compressional waves traveling parallel to the layering is 20 percent higher than the velocity of the same wave traveling perpendicular to the layers. The SH shear wave has a velocity which is 25 percent higher than the SV shear wave for the same laminated medium.
A new strategy for C20 gibberellin synthesis: total synthesis of (.+-.)-gibberellin A38 methyl ester (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA new strategy for C20 gibberellin synthesis: total synthesis of (.+-.)-gibberellin A38 methyl esterLuciano Lombardo and Lewis N. ManderCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 13, 2298–2300Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00161a037https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00161a037research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characteristics of a self-acting step-groove gas bearing and its applications. (1987)

This paper presents theoretical and experimental characteristics of a self-acting step-groove gas bearing. This bearing has some axial grooves on its surface. However, its configuration is much simpler than the conventional spiral groove, so it is applicable to use in many precision apparatus, like a laser beam scanner. When a rotor in the bearing rotates, compressibility number Λ: 6μω/ Pα(R/ C)2 increases and hydrodynamic pressure is generated on the groove parts. Here, μ : coefficient of gas viscosity, ω; rotor angular velocity, Pα ; atmosphere pressure, R; rotor radius, C; bearing clearance. The configuration and number of grooves affect hydrodynamic pressure, bearing load carrying capacity and stability. When eccentricity ε and Λ are given, an appropriate groove configuration is determined. Generally, in small Λ and ε, the bearing with small groove depth gives much higher load carrying capacity and stability. However, in large Λ and ε, large groove depth gives higher stability than small groove depth. The laser beam scanner, which uses this bearing and the newly designed thrust magnetic bearing can rotate less than 1.0 μm run out and 0.003% revolution fluctuation at 12000 rpm.
Characterization of Grafting Density and Binding Efficiency of DNA and Proteins on Gold Surfaces (2005)

The surface grafting density of biomolecules is an important factor for quantitative assays using a wide range of biological sensors. We use a fluorescent measurement technique to characterize the immobilization density of thiolated probe DNA on gold and hybridization efficiency of target DNA as a function of oligonucleotide length and salt concentration. The results indicate the dominance of osmotic and hydration forces in different regimes of salt concentration, which was used to validate previous simulations and to optimize the performance of surface-stress based microcantilever biosensors. The difference in hybridization density between complementary and mismatched target sequences was also measured to understand the response of these sensors in base-pair mismatch detection experiments. Finally, two different techniques for immobilizing proteins on gold were considered and the surface densities obtained in both cases were compared.
Isogyration birefringent filter (1989)

A new narrow-band polarization spectral filter with an infinitely wide free spectral range is proposed. This filter utilizes the characteristics of propagation of light in a gyrotropic birefringent medium exhibiting reversal of the sign of gyration (isogyration medium). It is shown that the width of the spectral transmission maximum may reach a few angstroms and that the angle of view is limited only by the aperture of polarizing prisms.
Beyond horizontal location context (2014)

Accurate estimation of elevation is important for many location based services. Although, it is possible to obtain altitude from GPS, its accuracy is unreliable and applicable in outdoors only. It is possible to use barometers on smartphones to estimate elevation in both indoor and outdoor scenarios. To this end, we proposed an integrated framework to provide ubiquitous and accurate elevation measurement using smartphones. Experiments conducted in both indoor and outdoor with different geographical characteristics reveal that our system can provide elevation with an error less than 5 meters in 90 % of the cases and less than 3 meters in 75 % of the cases, which is sufficient for most practical applications.
Enzymes used for the determination of HbA<sub>1C</sub> (2004)

To develop an enzymatic measurement of HbA1C, two key enzymes, i.e., fructosyl peptide oxidase and Aspergillus protease were characterized. Fructosyl peptide oxidase from Eupenicillium terrenum was a flavoenzyme that could catalyze the oxidation of N-(1-deoxyfructosyl)-Val-His. The enzyme showed high specificity toward α-glycated molecules, therefore it seemed suitable for the HbA1C assay. Since high levels of FPOX expression seemed toxic to host cells, we applied a gene expression system using a bacteriophage vector and achieved high levels of expression in Escherichia coli. Next, we found that Aspergillus protease was able to digest N-(1-deoxyfructosyl)-hexapeptide, a glycated peptide that was released from the β-chain of HbA1C by Glu-C endoproteinase. We showed that the N-(1-deoxyfructosyl)-Val-His released from N-(1-deoxyfructosyl)-hexapeptide by Aspergillus protease could be assayed enzymatically using fructosyl peptide oxidase, therefore these enzymes could be applied to the enzymatic measurement of HbA1C.
A First Global Production, Emission, And Environmental Inventory For Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (2008)

This study makes a new estimate of the global historical production for perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (POSF), and then focuses on producing a first estimate of the global historical environmental releases of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The total historical worldwide production of POSF was estimated to be 96,000 t (or 122,500 t, including unusable wastes) between 1970-2002, with an estimated global release of 45,250 t to air and water between 1970-2012 from direct (manufacture, use, and consumer products) and indirect (PFOS precursors and/or impurities) sources. Estimates indicate that direct emissions from POSF-derived products are the major source to the environment resulting in releases of 450-2700 t PFOS into wastewater streams, primarily through losses from stain repellent treated carpets, waterproof apparel, and aqueous fire fighting foams. Large uncertainties surround indirect sources and have not yet been estimated due to limited information on environmental degradation, although it can be assumed that some POSF-derived chemicals will degrade to PFOS over time. The properties of PFOS (high water solubility, negligible vapor pressure, and limited sorption to particles) imply it will reside in surface waters, predominantly in oceans. Measured oceanic data suggests approximately 235-1770 t of PFOS currently reside in ocean surface waters, similar to the estimated PFOS releases. Environmental monitoring from the 1970s onward shows strong upward trends in biota, in broad agreement with the estimates of use and emissions made here. Since cessation of POSF production by 3M in 2002, a reduction in some compartments has been observed, although current and future exposure is dependent on emission routes, subsequent transport and degradation.
ArF Laser-Induced Plasma Spectroscopy for Part-per-Billion Analysis of Metal Ions in Aqueous Solutions (2002)

Aqueous samples containing trace amounts of metal ions in 0.8 M HCl were ablated with an ArF laser. Plasma emissions were monitored for elemental analysis. The signal-to-noise ratio was optimized when the laser fluence was about 10 J cm −2 , while the detector gate delay and width were 1–2 μs and 3–4 μs, respectively. During that time, the temperature and electron density of the induced plasma were also measured spectroscopically. The temperature dropped from about 0.5 to about 0.3 eV, while the density remained fairly constant at about 3 × 10 16 cm −3 . Background-free spectrochemical analysis was therefore possible. The detection limits for Na, Ca, Ba, and Pb were 0.4, 3, 7, and 300 ppb, respectively. These are 20 to 1000 times better than the best achieved by non-193-nm laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Caspases 3 and 7: Key Mediators of Mitochondrial Events of Apoptosis (2006)

The current model of apoptosis holds that upstream signals lead to activation of downstream effector caspases. We generated mice deficient in the two effectors, caspase 3 and caspase 7, which died immediately after birth with defects in cardiac development. Fibroblasts lacking both enzymes were highly resistant to both mitochondrial and death receptor-mediated apoptosis, displayed preservation of mitochondrial membrane potential, and had defective nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). Furthermore, the early apoptotic events of Bax translocation and cytochrome c release were also delayed. We conclude that caspases 3 and 7 are critical mediators of mitochondrial events of apoptosis.
Surface diffusion of carbon monoxide on Ru(001) studied using laser-induced thermal desorption (1989)

The surface diffusion of CO on Ru(001) was measured using laser-induced thermal desorption techniques. The surface diffusion coefficients displayed a strong dependence on the CO coverage. For CO coverages below θ = 0.33 ML , the surface diffusion coefficient at 290 K was approximately constant at D 1× 10−8 p cm 2 s . As the CO coverage increased from θ = 0.33 to θ = 0.58 ML, the surface diffusion coefficient at 290 K increased dramatically from 1 × 10 t̄8 to 1 × 10 t ̄ 6 cm 2 s . The surface diffusion coefficients at 250 K also exhibited a similar increase versus CO coverage. At various temperatures and CO coverages, the surface diffusion coefficients displayed Arrhenius behavior. For θ = 0.27 ML , the Arrhenius parameters were E dif = 11 kcal mol and D 0 = 0.38 p cm 2 s in the temperature range between 300 and 370 K. For θ 0.45 ML, E dif and D 0 both decreased as a function of increasing CO coverage at temperatures between 210 and 290 K. At θ = 0.45 ML , the Arrhenius parameters were E dif = 8.0 kcal mol and D 0 = 0.28 cm 2 s . At θ = 0.58 ML , the Arrhenius parameters were E dif = 6.2 kcal mol and D 0 = 0.06 cm 2 s . The coverage dependence of CO surface diffusion on Ru(001) was consistent with strong repulsive nearest-neighbor CO interactions. A repulsive CO-CO pairwise interaction energy of Ω = −1.4 kcal mol was obtained using a model for D (θ) derived from the quasichemical approximation.
VPH+: An Enhanced Vector Polar Histogram Method for Mobile Robot Obstacle Avoidance (2007)

VPH+, an enhanced vector polar histogram method (VPH), is developed for mobile robot equipped with laser radar to avoid obstacles more efficiently in complicated environment. The isolated obstacle points detected by laser radar are grouped into different obstacle blocks, so the robot can predict some obstacles outside its safe distance and avoid them in advance. Meanwhile, the speed of the robot and the heading deviation (between robot heading and robot-goal direction) are combined into the cost function which aims to find out the desired direction for the robot to reach the goal in minimum time. The efficiency and capability of the VPH+ method were testified with some contrast methods in real experiments as well as simulation tests, and the results showed that our method could allow the robot to move more smoothly and time efficiently.
3-D Seismic Texture Classification (1996)

Abstract Statistical recognition of seismic reflection patterns is a useful aid to seismic data interpretation. The seismic texture classification classifies and recognizes seismic data into a limited number of categories each characterized by a distinct style of reflectivity. The basis in the recognition is a set of reference windows (2D) or blocks (3D) representing all major types of reflectivity from the sections of interest. The seismic data is analysed as 2-D windows each modelled as a Markov random field, where the probability distribution of small patterns in the window is used to characterize the seismic texture. In 3-D the seismic block is represented as a collection of 2-D windows, where the average probability distribution of small patterns in the windows characterize the seismic texture of the block. The recognition of the seismic texture uses a linear projection where the seismic texture is projected onto categories of reflectivity. This makes the method computationally efficient. The information obtained by the seismic texture classification is most easily seen in the vertical display as illustrated on small extractions from 2-D and 3-D offshore dataset.
Frame synchronization and pilot structure for second generation DVB via satellites (2004)

Abstract Due to the advanced coding schemes utilized in DVB‐S2, new receivers have to function at unprecedented low SNR. From the perspective of synchronization, the major challenges are frame synchronization and carrier recovery. The challenge for frame synchronization arises from the fact that the frames of LDPC are rather long, up to 32 400 symbols, and there is no built‐in structure in the LDPC to facilitate frame synchronization. Carrier recovery becomes a major challenge due to the requirement to retain the current outdoor equipment. This implies that the receivers have to work with the same phase noise as specified for the first generation DVB‐S, which uses only QPSK modulation. DVB‐S2 needs to support QPSK at much lower signal to noise ratios (SNR) and other higher order modulation schemes at about the same SNR of DVB‐S. In this paper, we will describe the solutions to frame synchronization and carrier recovery. Low overhead rapid frame synchronization is achieved by utilizing the physical layer signalling code . Robust carrier recovery is aided by the aggregated pilot structure. The design considerations for the pilot structure and the implementation tradeoffs of the carrier recovery schemes are addressed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degradation of blood group antigens in human colon ecosystems. II. A gene interaction in man that affects the fecal population density of certain enteric bacteria. (1976)

A B S T R A C T The autosomal dominant ABH secretor gene together with the ABO blood type gene control the presence and specificity of A, B, and H blood group antigens in human gut mucin glycoproteins. Certain ob- ligate anaerobes in feces produce extracellular antigenspecific glycosidases that degrade these ABH antigenic determinant glycoside structures. We estimated the pop- ulations of these bacteria in feces of 22 healthy subjects by determining the greatest dilution of feces that yielded A, B. or H blood group-degrading enzyme activity af- ter 24 h incubation in anaerobic cultures. Comparatively small populations of fecal bacteria produce blood group- degrading enzymes; their estimated populations were 100 per g or less in 21 subjects. Fecal populations of B-degrading bacteria were stable over time, and their population density averaged 50,000-fold greater in blood group B secretors than in other subjects. We present evidence that the greater fecal populations of B-degrading bacteria in B secretors is due in part to a competitive nutritional advantage gained by their ability to enzy- matically cleave the B antigenic determinant a-t-galactose from gut mucins of B secretors. Fecal populations of bacteria producing A and H antigen-degrading enzyme activities were comparable in all subjects to the fecal population of B-degrading bacteria in B secretors. The large populations of fecal anaerobes may be an additional source of A antigen substrate for A-degrading bacteria; thus, antigens cross-reacting with A antigen were detected on cell walls of anaerobic bacteria from A portion of this work was published in abstract form in 1973.