gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bis(trimethylsilyl) monoperoxysulfate: convenient Bayer-Villiger oxidant (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBis(trimethylsilyl) monoperoxysulfate: convenient Bayer-Villiger oxidantWaldemar Adam and Augusto RodriguezCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 26, 4969–4970Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00394a048https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00394a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views342Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reduced lattice distortion in and near strain-compensated InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple-quantum well structures grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on GaAs substrates (2002)

We have investigated strain-compensated InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple-quantum well (MQW) structures grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on [001] GaAs substrates, by using photoluminescence (PL) measurements and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the lattice distortion in and near the MQW structures caused by compressive strain in InGaAs wells was reduced far below the levels of ordinary InGaAs/GaAs MQW structures when tensile-strain InGaAsP barriers were introduced. Furthermore we have fabricated 0.98-/spl mu/m laser diodes (LDs) with the strain-compensated QW active layer, and found that the mean time to failure of such LDs is expected to be three to four times longer than that of LDs with ordinary GaAs barriers.
Proton spectral editing for discrimination of lactate and threonine 1.31 ppm resonances in human brain in vivo (2006)

A single-voxel proton NMR J-difference editing method for discriminating between the 1.31 ppm resonances of lactate (Lac) and threonine (Thr) in human brain in vivo at 3 T is reported. One double-band and two triple-band Gaussian 180 degrees RF pulses, all with a bandwidth of 15 Hz, were employed within an adiabatic-refocused double-echo localization sequence to induce the target signals of Lac and Thr and simultaneously acquire a creatine singlet in each subscan. The optimum echo time and the editing efficiency were obtained by numerical analysis of the filtering performance. The Lac and Thr signals were extracted, without lipid contamination, from three subspectra. Using the calculated yields, the concentrations of Lac and Thr in the human occipital cortex were estimated to be 0.47+/-0.07 and 0.56+/-0.06 mM (mean+/-SD, N=7), respectively, with reference to Cr at 8 mM.
Aging mechanisms in fruit flies (1996)

Genetic analysis of Drosophila has provided evidence in support of two proposed evolutionary genetic mechanisms of aging: mutation accumulation and antagonistic pleiotropy. Both mechanisms result from the lack of natural selection acting on old organisms. Analyses of large numbers of files have revealed that mortality rates do not continue to rise with age as previously thought, but plateau at advanced ages. This phenomenon has implications both for models and for definitions of aging, and may be explained by the evolutionary theories. The physiological processes and genes most relevant to aging are being identified using Drosophila lines selected in the laboratory for postponed senescence. Oxidative stress and insufficient metabolic reserves/capacity may be particularly important factors in limiting the fruitfly lifespan. Genes which exhibit aging-related changes in expression are now being identified. Transgenic files are being used to analyze the mechanisms of such aging-related gene expression, and to test the effects of specific genes on aging and aging-related deterioration.
An In-DRAM Neural Network Processing Engine (2019)

Many advanced neural network inference engines are bounded by the available memory bandwidth. The conventional approach to address this issue is to employ high bandwidth memory devices or to adapt data compression techniques (reduced precision, sparse weight matrices). Alternatively, an emerging approach to bridge the memory-computation gap and to exploit extreme data parallelism is Processing in Memory (PIM). The close proximity of the computation units to the memory cells reduces the amount of external data transactions and it increases the overall energy efficiency of the memory system. In this work, we present a novel PIM based Binary Weighted Network (BWN) inference accelerator design that is inline with the commodity Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) design and process. In order to exploit data parallelism and minimize energy, the proposed architecture integrates the basic BWN computation units at the output of the Primary Sense Amplifiers (PSAs) and the rest of the substantial logic near the Secondary Sense Amplifiers (SSAs). The power and area values are obtained at sub-array (SA) level using exhaustive circuit level simulations and full-custom layout. The proposed architecture results in an area overhead of 25 % compared to a commodity 8 Gb DRAM and delivers a throughput of 63.59 FPS (Frames per Second) for AlexNet. We also demonstrate that our architecture is extremely energy efficient, 7.25× higher FPS/W, as compared to previous works.
Prospective motion correction and selective reacquisition using volumetric navigators for vessel‐encoded arterial spin labeling dynamic angiography (2015)

We have demonstrated an effective method to correct motion in vessel-encoded angiography. For reacquisition of 15 segments, the technique requires approximately 30 s of additional scanning (∼25%). Magn Reson Med 76:1420-1430, 2016. © 2015 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Oil-Isolated Hydrogel Microstructures for Sensitive Bioassays On-Chip (2013)

Multiplexed, sensitive, and on-chip molecular diagnostic assays are essential in both clinical and research settings. In past work, running reactions in nanoliter- to femtoliter-sized volumes such as microwells or droplets has led to significant increases in detection sensitivities. At the same time, hydrogels have emerged as attractive scaffolds for bioassays due to their nonfouling, flexible, and aqueous properties. In this paper, we combine these concepts and develop a novel platform in which hydrogel compartments are used as individually confined reaction volumes within a fluorinated oil phase. We fabricate functional and versatile hydrogel microstructures in microfluidic channels that are physically isolated from each other using a surfactant-free fluorinated oil phase, generating picoliter- to nanoliter-sized immobilized aqueous reaction compartments that are readily functionalized with biomolecules. In doing so, we achieve monodisperse reaction volumes with an aqueous interior while exploiting the unique chemistry of a hydrogel, which provides a solid and porous binding scaffold for biomolecules and is impenetrable to oil. Furthermore, our lithographically defined reaction volumes are readily customized with respect to geometry and chemistry within the same channel, allowing rational tuning of the confined reaction volume on a post-to-post basis without needing to use surfactants to maintain stability. We design and implement a multiplexed signal amplification assay in which gel-bound enzymes turn over small molecule substrate into fluorescent product in the oil-confined gel compartment, providing significant signal enhancement. Using short (20 min) amplification times, the encapsulation scheme provides up to 2 orders of magnitude boost of signal in nucleic acid detection assays relative to direct labeling and does not suffer from any cross-talk between the posts. We ultimately demonstrate up to 57-fold increase in nucleic acid detection sensitivity compared to a direct labeling scheme.
A monolithic buck converter using differentially enhanced duty ripple control (2009)

This paper reports a monolithic DC-DC buck converter using the differentially enhanced duty ripple control (DE-DRC). Without any compensation circuit, this converter is stable over a wide input and output range. The switching frequency is kept constant by adjusting the on-time according to the input and output voltage. Because of the large duty ripple voltage with a big noise margin, the DE-DRC buck converter has better noise immunity than current mode and hysteretic control. The easily configured positive and negative differential difference amplifier (DDA) gains (K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> and K <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</sub> ) can adjust the high and low frequency portion of the loop transfer function to achieve fast load transient response. Load transient test also showed 5 mOmega pure resistive output impedance of this converter to achieve the adaptive voltage position (AVP) function. We demonstrated a 1.85 MHz single phase converter with wide conversion range of 10%-86.6%. This circuit was implemented in 0.5 mum BCD process of TI.
TRANSIMS traffic flow characteristics (1997)

Knowledge of fundamental traffic flow characteristics of traffic simulation models is an essential requirement when using these models for the planning, design, and operation of transportation systems. In this paper we discuss the following: a description of how features relevant to traffic flow are currently under implementation in the TRANSIMS microsimulation, a proposition for standardized traffic flow tests for traffic simulation models, and the results of these tests for two different versions of the TRANSIMS microsimulation.
Theoretical And Experimental Analysis Of A Fiber Optic Proximity Probe (1984)

To allow computer synthesis of the response of commercial multifiber optical proximity probes, an investigation was made of the response of a single pair of fibers. A theoretical and experimental analysis was made of the coupling of an illuminating and receiving fiber through reflection off a dull or specular target. A computer program was developed that superposes the responses of all fiber pairs in a probe that may contain up to 2400 fibers, with a total of 1200 2 pairings maximum. A comparison is made between the computed and measured response of an actual probe.
Powerful Redox Molecular Sieve Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexane in Air (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTPowerful Redox Molecular Sieve Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexane in AirRobert Raja, Gopinathan Sankar, and John Meurig ThomasView Author Information The Royal Institution of Great Britain Davy Faraday Research Laboratory 21 Albemarle Street, London, U.K. W1X 4BS Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 50, 11926–11927Publication Date (Web):December 4, 1999Publication History Received29 September 1999Published online4 December 1999Published inissue 1 December 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja9935052https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9935052rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2064Altmetric-Citations196LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Analytical apparatus,Atmospheric chemistry,Catalysts,Ions,Oxidation Get e-Alerts
Pool Boiling of FC-87 Over Microchannel Surfaces at Atmospheric Pressure (2012)

Advances in technology and trends towards higher processing speeds have generated a greater need for thermal management. Two-phase cooling (boiling) has the ability to dissipate large amounts of heat and is attractive because of lower mass flow requirement and uniform substrate temperature. Further improvements can be obtained through passive surface enhancements. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of microchannel surfaces on pool boiling performance at atmospheric pressure with FC-87. Being a dielectric fluid with a low normal boiling point, FC-87 has desirable characteristics for an electronics cooling fluid. A maximum heat flux of 550 kW/m2 at a wall superheat of 37°C was obtained with the microchannel surface. Surface area increase is noted as the primary reason for the enhanced performance for FC-87 on microchannel surfaces.
Classical grasp quality evaluation: New algorithms and theory (2013)

This paper investigates theoretical properties of a well-known L <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> grasp quality measure Q whose approximation Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> is commonly used for the evaluation of grasps and where the precision of Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> depends on an approximation of a cone by a convex polyhedral cone with l edges. We prove the Lipschitz continuity of Q and provide an explicit Lipschitz bound that can be used to infer the stability of grasps lying in a neighbourhood of a known grasp. We think of Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> as a lower bound estimate to Q and describe an algorithm for computing an upper bound Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> . We provide worst-case error bounds relating Q and Q <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−</sup> <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</inf> . Furthermore, we develop a novel grasp hypothesis rejection algorithm which can exclude unstable grasps much faster than current implementations. Our algorithm is based on a formulation of the grasp quality evaluation problem as an optimization problem, and we show how our algorithm can be used to improve the efficiency of sampling based grasp hypotheses generation methods.
Extraction and HPLC purification of Li@C60/70 (1997)

A. Gromov, W. Krätschmer, N. Krawez, R. Tellgmann and E. E. B. Campbell, Chem. Commun., 1997, 2003 DOI: 10.1039/A704609J
Chimeras of Parvalbumin and Oncomodulin Involving Exchange of the Complete CD Site Show that the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/Mg<sup>2+</sup> Specificity is an Intrinsic Property of the Site (1996)

Rat parvalbumin (PV) and oncomodulin (OM) differ in the affinity and selectivity of metal binding to their CD site, which is a high-affinity Ca2+/Mg(2+)-mixed site in PV and a low-affinity Ca(2+)-specific site in OM. To assess to what degree the Ca2+/Mg2+ specificity and affinity of an EF-hand motif in a protein is intrinsically determined by its sequence, the complete CD sites were exchanged, yielding two chimeras, [S41-Q71]PV and [D41-S71]OM. The optical characteristics of a Trp102, inserted in the hydrophobic core of PV, OM and the two chimeras, are very similar in all four proteins, which suggests that the hydrophobic core is qualitatively similar in the chimeras as in the parent proteins. Direct Ca2+ and Mg2+ binding monitored by flow dialysis and gel filtration revealed that [S41-Q71]PV binds only one Mg2+ with an intrinsic affinity K'Mg2+ of 3.0 x 10(4) M-1 and two Ca2+ with an identical K'Ca2+ of 4.4 x 10(6) M-1, whereas [D41-S71]OM binds two Mg2+ with a mean K'Mg2+ of 2 x 10(4) M-1 and two Ca2+ with a K'Ca2+ of 1.3 x 10(7) M-1. K'Ca2+ of the CD site of [S41-Q71]PV was 2.5-fold higher than of the CD site in [W102]OM, but 5-6-fold lower than that of the CD site in [W102]PV. In [D41-S71]OM, K'Ca2+ of the CD site was twofold lower than in [W102]PV, but eightfold higher than in [W102]OM. These results indicate that the sequence of the CD site determines its Ca2+/Mg(2+)-specificity, whereas its affinity for Ca2+ influenced by the protein into which the CD site is inserted. The inserted CD site in turn influences the affinity of the EF site to which it is paired in the host protein and the paired sites display an equalized affinity for Ca2+. Mg2+ decreases the affinity of the chimeras for Ca2+, but not according to a simple competition model. The Mg2+ antagonism is much more pronounced in [D41-S71]OM than in [S41-Q71]PV, but in each chimera the CD and EF site are quantitatively affected in the same manner. Thus, [S41-Q71]PV which can only bind a single Mg2+ ion, displays a Ca2+/Mg(2+)-antagonism for both sites with a KMg.compet of 2.3 x 10(2) M-1. These results confirm the 'equalizer' principle in the cation-binding parameters of [S41-Q71]PV: both sites display the same Ca2+ affinity and Mg2+ antagonism. In [D41-S71]OM with its two Ca2+/Mg2+ sites the antagonism shows qualitatively the same complexity as in wild-type PV, although it is somewhat weaker in amplitude.
Trends in the use of preconditioning to hypoxia for early prevention of future life diseases (2013)

Environmental factors during fetal life program the health outcomes regarding many diseases in future life. This idea has been supported by worldwide epidemiological studies, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Three questions should be answered. (i) Does a common underlying cause of ordinary pathological fetal development exist? (ii) If such a cause exists, which mechanism might develop disease in later life? (iii) Is it possible to prevent this underlying cause and therefore the associated obstetric complications to primarily prevent future life diseases? The objective of this review is to attempt to answer these three questions by using PubMed (extending to October 2012) and other sources. Three data-based answers corresponding to these questions were found: (i) hypoxia, (ii) excessive stimulation of neurogenesis, and (iii) preconditioning/adaptation to hypoxia. The method for such preconditioning/adaptation is intermittent hypoxic training (IHT), in which air with low oxygen concentration is breathed through a mask to protect against subsequent strong adverse influences. Data are cited for IHT applications for the prevention/treatment of diseases in different fields, particularly in obstetrics. Data suggested that all common fetal origins of adult diseases are likely predetermined by changes in the fetal brain; therefore, early detection of these changes must be very important. The use of IHT may be a real means to primarily prevent obstetric complications and therefore, prevent future life diseases.
Rinderpest Viruses Lacking the C and V Proteins Show Specific Defects in Growth and Transcription of Viral RNAs (2000)

Rinderpest virus is a morbillivirus and the causative agent of an important disease of cattle and wild bovids. The P genes of all morbilliviruses give rise to two proteins in addition to the P protein itself: use of an alternate start translation site, in a second open reading frame, gives rise to the C protein, while cotranscriptional insertion of an extra base gives rise to the V protein, a fusion of the amino-terminal half of P to a short, highly conserved, cysteine-rich zinc binding domain. Little is known about the function of either of these two proteins in the rinderpest virus life cycle. We have constructed recombinant rinderpest viruses in which the expression of these proteins has been suppressed, individually and together, and studied the replication of these viruses in tissue culture. We show that the absence of the V protein has little effect on the replication rate of the virus but does lead to an increase in synthesis of genome and antigenome RNAs and a change in cytopathic effect to a more syncytium-forming phenotype. Virus that does not express the C protein, on the other hand, is clearly defective in growth in all cell lines tested, and this defect appears to be related to a decreased transcription of mRNA from viral genes. The phenotypes of both individual mutant virus types are both expressed in the double mutant expressing neither V nor C.
Pseudo-gradient based local voltage control in distribution networks (2015)

Voltage regulation is critical for distribution systems, and has become a much more challenging problem with the increasing proliferation of distributed renewable energy resources that cause frequent and rapid voltage fluctuations beyond what can be handled by the traditional voltage regulation methods. In this paper, motivated by the shortcomings of two previously proposed inverter-based local volt/var control algorithms, we design a pseudo-gradient based voltage control algorithm for the distribution network that does not constrain the allowable control functions while admits low implementation complexity. We characterize the convergence of the pseudo-gradient based control scheme, and compare it against the two previous algorithms in terms of the convergence condition and the convergence rate.