gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of chemically‐induced, cloned‐gene expression on protein synthesis in <i>E. Coli</i> (1991)

Earlier experiments in our lab investigated the metabolic limitations of cloned-gene expression in bacterial cells (for over-production of beta-lactamase). These experiments showed that the steady-state concentration of ribosomal RNA decreased upon plasmid amplification while both the synthesis rate and steady-state beta-lactamase mRNA level increased significantly. This appeared to indicate substantial limitation exist within the transnational machinery of the bacterial cell at high copy numbers. To establish the generality of this phenomenon, the impact increasing protein expression from pa plasmid by chemically inducing a strong promoter while maintaining constant copy number has been investigated. A plasmid has been constructed which contains the lacZ gene under control of the tac promoter and contains the parB stability locus to maintain plasmid stability. Using this vector, beta-galactosidase expression in chemostat cultures operated at specific growth rates of 0.6 h(-1) was induced with IPTG such that enzyme activity was varied over a 460-fold range. When fully induced beta-galactosidase protein production represented 14 wt % of total cell protein. As transcription was induced, the synthesis rate of the beta-galactosidase mRNA increased 42-fold while the steady-state level of beta-galactosidase mRNA increased only fourfold. This indicates stability may play a larger role for beta-galactosidase expression with a strong promoter than seen with beta-lactamase production in the elevated copy number system. Furthermore, rRNA synthesis rates increased at high expression rates as seen in the copy number experiments. However, unlike the amplified-plasmid system, the steady-state levels of rRNA increased as well. Since the total protein levels closely followed the steady-state level of eRNA, transnational limitations are again suggested for the chemically induced transcription system.
Evidence that 20-HETE contributes to the development of acute and delayed cerebral vasospasm (2006)

Recent studies have indicated that arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) enzymes in cerebral arteries to produce 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and that this compound has effects on cerebral vascular tone that mimic those seen following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this regard, 20-HETE is a potent constrictor of cerebral arteries that decreases the open state probability of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels through activation of protein kinase C (PKC). It increases the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to Ca(2+) by activating PKC and rho kinase. The formation of 20-HETE is stimulated by angiotensin II (AII), endothelin, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and serotonin, and inhibited by NO, CO and superoxide radicals. Inhibitors of the formation of 20-HETE block the myogenic response of cerebral arterioles to elevations in transmural pressure in vitro and autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) in vivo. 20-HETE also plays an important role in modulating the cerebral vascular responses to vasodilators (NO and CO) and vasoconstrictors (AII, endothelin, serotonin). Recent studies have indicated that the levels of 20-HETE in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) increase in rats, dogs and human patients following SAH and that inhibitors of the synthesis of 20-HETE prevent the acute fall in CBF in rats and reverse delayed vasospasm in both dogs and rats. This review examines the evidence that an elevation in the production of 20-HETE contributes to the initial fall in CBF following SAH and the later development of delayed vasospasm.
High-average-power intracavity second-harmonic generation using KTiOPO_4 in an acousto-optically Q-switched Nd:YAG laser oscillator at 5 kHz (1984)

We have demonstrated high-average-power second-harmonic generation with an output power of 5.6 W at 532 nm by intracavity frequency doubling using Type II KTiOPO(4) in a Nd:YAG laser oscillator acousto-optically Q switched at 5 kHz.(1) The average power achieved, limited only by the power-supply current available in these experiments, was about three times higher than what has been obtained in a state-of-the-art device using LiIO(3) as the doubler. More significantly, since no intrinsic limitations, such as saturation and material damage, have yet been observed, further improvement in the power output should be achievable. It is pointed out that previous studies on intracavity second-harmonic generation have been limited to the small-signal case; the present result shows the feasibility of operating an internally doubled oscillator for efficiently converting the fundamental to its harmonic in a high-power device.
Holographic Lighting For Energy Efficient Greenhouses (1987)

The growth of greenhouse produce in the northern regions of the country is not economical because large amounts of heat are required during the cold season. It has long been recognized that one solution would be to heavily insulate large areas of a greenhouse to prevent heat loss and then use optical devices on the remaining glazing to distribute the incident light throughout the greenhouse (Figure 1). The design, fabrication and installation of holographic optical elements for this purpose is reported here. The ultimate goal is not necessarily increased yields or an economic superiority over imported produce. Since locally grown produce can be marketed rapidly and since varieties can be chosen which do not sacrifice quality for durability, local produce from holographically illuminated greenhouses will be economically viable so long as there are reasonable yields even if the technique does not result in prices competitive with produce grown in warmer climates and shipped to northern markets. There are varieties of effects here on growing plants that are unique to holographic lighting. For example, different portions of the spectrum are delivered to the plants at different times of the day and diffracted light often arrives at the plant from unusual directions.
<i>Se</i>-Aryl selenenylthiosulphates and <i>S</i>-aryl sulphenylthiosulphates as thiol-blocking reagents (1984)

Se-Aryl selenenylthiosulphates and S-aryl sulphenylthiosulphates inhibit papain at pH 5.8 much more rapidly than do the corresponding Se-aryl selenosulphates and S-aryl thiosulphates, and also more rapidly than do Se-alkyl selenosulphates. Se-p-Nitrophenyl selenenylthiosulphate and S-p-nitrophenyl sulphenylthiosulphate inactivate papain most rapidly, but the inactivation is slowly and spontaneously reversible. Inactivation by Se-o-nitrophenyl selenenylthiosulphate and S-o-nitrophenyl sulphenylthiosulphate, although less rapid than that by the para isomers, is essentially irreversible.
Isolation and characterization of rat alpha-1-antitrypsin. (1981)

From 330 ml of rat serum, 222 mg of alpha-1-antitrypsin have been isolated and purified with an overall yield of approximately 20%. The preparation was homogeneous by the criteria of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation, and immunoelectrophoresis. Rat alpha-1-antitrypsin exhibited Mr = 47,000 +/- 1,500 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 45,000 +/- 1,000 by equilibrium ultracentrifugation; the sedimentation coefficient (s20,w) was 3.29. Rat alpha-1-antitrypsin exhibited a trypsin-combining ratio (moles of trypsin inhibited/mol of alpha-1-antitrypsin) of 0.88. Rat alpha-1-antitrypsin showed significant differences in amino acid composition when compared to human alpha-1-antitrypsin, particularly in lysine, glutamic acid, arginine, methionine, and tyrosine content. Rat alpha-1-antitrypsin contains 14.3 residues/mol of N-acetylglucosamine, 5.0 residues/mol of mannose, 4.2 residues/mol of galactose, and 5.8 residues/mol of sialic acid. Monospecific antibody produced in a rabbit against our purest preparation of rat alpha-1-antitrypsin does not cross-react immunologically against human, calf, fetal calf, mouse, or chicken sera. The availability of a pure preparation of rat alpha-1-antitrypsin as well as the specific alpha-1-antitrypsin antibody will facilitate studies on the biosynthesis and secretion of this important protease inhibitor in an appropriate animal model.
Effects of four methods of mechanical incorporation on the phytotoxicity of pyrazan (1966)

Bluehost - Top rated web hosting provider - Free 1 click installs For blogs, shopping carts, and more. Get a free domain name, real NON-outsourced 24/7 support, and superior speed. web hosting provider php hosting cheap web hosting, Web hosting, domain names, front page hosting, email hosting. We offer affordable hosting, web hosting provider business web hosting, ecommerce hosting, unix hosting. Phone support available, Free Domain, and Free Setup.
Investigation of the Structure and Active Sites of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanorod Supported VO<sub><i>x</i></sub> Catalysts by High-Field and Fast-Spinning <sup>51</sup>V MAS NMR (2015)

Supported VOx/TiO2-rod catalysts were studied by 51V MAS NMR at high field using a sample spinning rate of 55 kHz. The superior spectral resolution allows for the observation of at least five vanadate species. The assignment of these vanadate species was carried out by quantum chemical calculations of 51V NMR chemical shifts of model V surface structures. Methanol oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) was used to establish a correlation between catalytic activity and the various surface V sites. It is found that monomeric V species are predominant at low vanadium loadings with two 51V NMR peaks observed at about −502 and −529 ppm. V dimers with two bridged oxygens result in a peak at about −555 ppm. Vanadate dimers and polyvanadates connected by one bridged oxygen atom between two adjacent V atoms resonate at about −630 ppm. A positive correlation is found between the V dimers, giving rise to the −555 ppm peak, and the ODH rate, and an even better correlation is obtained by including V monomer contributions. This result suggests that surface V dimers related to the −555 ppm peak and monomers are the primary active sites for the methanol ODH reaction. Furthermore, a portion of the V species is found to be invisible to NMR and the level of such invisibility increases with decreasing V loading levels, suggesting the existence of paramagnetic V species at the surface. These paramagnetic V species are also found to be much less active in methanol ODH.
Versatile Methodology Toward NiN<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub> Complexes as Nickel Superoxide Dismutase Models: Structure and Proton Affinity (2009)

Structural features of the reduced form of the nickel superoxide dismutase (Ni-SOD) active site have been modeled with asymmetric NiN(2)S(2) complexes (Et(4)N)[Ni(nmp)(SR)] (R = C(6)H(4)-p-Cl (2) and (S(t)Bu) (3)) obtained via S,S-bridge splitting of the dimeric metallosynthon, [Ni(2)(nmp)(2)] (1). Complexes 2 and 3 are irreversibly oxidized at potentials within the window needed for SOD activity, 236 and 75 mV versus Ag/AgCl, respectively. The exogenous thiolato-S in 2 and 3 serves as a proton acceptor, suggesting potential involvement of Cys6 in Ni-SOD for H(+) storage between SOD half reactions.
From penicillin to penem and carbapenem. VII. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of penem derivatives. (1986)

The azetidinone derivative (6), which has an (R)-hydroxyethyl substituent at the C-3 position, was prepared efficiently from 6-aminopenicillanic acid. From the dibromo seco derivative (10), compounds of the same type (16 and 17), but in dl-form, were obtained. Compounds 6 and 16 were reacted with various thiocarboxylic acids to obtain the penem derivatives (23a-n).The minimum inhibitory concentration values of these penems against various microorganisms were, determined, and the structure-activity relationship is discussed.
Room temperature terahertz detectors based on semiconductor nanowire field effect transistors (2011)

Self-assembled nanowires represent a new interesting technology to be explored in order to increase the cut-off frequency of electronic THz detectors. They can be developed in field effect transistor (FET) and diode geometries exploiting non-linearities of either the transconductance or the current-voltage characteristic as detection mechanism. In this work we demonstrate that semiconductor nanowires can be used as building blocks for the realization of highsensitivity terahertz one-dimensional FET detectors. In order to take advantage of the low effective mass and high mobilities achievable in III-V compounds, we have used InAs nanowires, grown by vapor-phase epitaxy, and properly doped with selenium to control the charge density and to optimize source-drain and contact resistance. The detection mechanism exploits the non-linearity of the transconductance: the THz radiation field is fed at the gate-source electrodes with wide band antennas, and the rectified signal is then read at the drain output in the form of a DC voltage. Responsivity values as large as 1 V/W at 0.3 THz have been obtained, with noise equivalent powers (NEP) < 2 × 10<sup>-9</sup> W/√Hz at room temperature. The large existing margins for technology improvements, the scalability to higher frequencies, and the possibility of realizing multi-pixel arrays, make these devices highly competitive as a future solution for THz detection.
Stochastic spatial energy deposition profiles for MeV protons and keV electrons (2009)

With the rapid advances being made in novel high-energy ion-beam techniques such as proton beam writing, single-ion-event effects, ion-beam-radiation therapy, ion-induced fluorescence imaging, proton/ion microscopy, and ion-induced electron imaging, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the spatial energy-deposition profiles of energetic ions as they penetrate matter. In this work we present the results of comprehensive yet straightforward event-by-event Monte Carlo calculations that simulate ion/electron propagation and secondary electron ($\ensuremath{\delta}$ ray) generation to yield spatial energy-deposition data. These calculations combine SRIM/TRIM features, EEDL97 data and volume-plasmon-localization models with a modified version of one of the newer $\ensuremath{\delta}$ ray generation models, namely, the Hansen-Kocbach-Stolterfoht. The development of the computer code DEEP (deposition of energy due to electrons and protons) offers a unique means of studying the energy-deposition/redistribution problem while still retaining the important stochastic nature inherent in these processes which cannot be achieved with analytical modeling. As an example of an application of DEEP we present results that compare the energy-deposition profiles of primary MeV protons and primary keV electrons in polymethymethacrylate. Such data are important when comparing proximity effects in the direct write lithography processes of proton-beam writing and electron-beam writing. Our calculations demonstrate that protons are able to maintain highly compact spatial energy-deposition profiles compared with electrons.
Exploiting Parallelism on Keccak: FPGA and GPU Comparison (2013)

One of the methods to ensure information integrity is the use of hash functions, which generates a stream of bytes (hash) which must be unique. But most functions can no longer prevent malicious attacks and ensure that the information have just a hash. In order to solve this problem, the National Institute of S tandards and Technology (NIS T) convened the scientific community through a competition to create a new hash function standard, called S HA-3. This work is proposed to explore one of the finalist algorithms in the competition, the Keccak, and subsequently implement the propose pipeline architecture in FPGA with intuit to obtain performance data. Finally, it will be compared the pipeline implementation of keccak with implementations on GPUs.
A Technique to Evaluate MRI-Induced Electric Fields at the Ends of Practical Implanted Lead (2014)

This paper presents a novel technique for efficient evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-induced electric fields or induced voltages in the vicinity of implanted metallic leads. The technique is based on the reciprocity theorem in conjunction with the Huygens Principle. This approach allows one to decouple the micro-scale metallic lead simulation/measurement from the macro-level phantom human simulations within the MRI scanners. Consequently, the estimation of MRI-induced heating on an implanted lead, and the induced voltage on the pacemaker device can be greatly simplified. In addition, this method clearly explains the induced lead heating mechanism during MRI procedures. Several numerical examples, as well as measurement results are given to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this method.
Carbonization Reactions in Novolac Resins, Hexamethylenetetramine, and Furfuryl Alcohol Mixtures (1999)

The carbonization process of novolac resins cured by hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) in the presence of furfuryl alcohol (FA) was studied by a high-resolution solid-state NMR technique. Most reactions occur below 600 °C, and aliphatic species disappear above 800 °C. Nitrogen (2−3%) is present in the carbon materials obtained. The process can be influenced by the starting novolac structures, ca. the ratio of ortho/para reactive sites, and the FA content in the systems. When a novolac resin contains a high ratio of para-reactive sites, the carbonization reaction occurs at relatively lower temperatures, and the rate is relatively fast. High FA content slows down the carbonization process, and reactions occur at relatively high temperatures. Starting novolac structures and FA content in the systems also vary the nitrogen structures during the process and the structure distribution in the carbon materials at 800 °C.
Multi-directional ultrasonic blood flow measurement with a triple beam lens (1993)

Ultrasound blood flow measurement has proven to be a useful clinical tool for medical diagnosis. Most current ultrasound blood flow measurement systems utilize the Doppler technique. These systems typically measure only the axial component of flow and are unable to measure high velocities at large depths. In order to overcome these limitations, a triple-beam ultrasound lens has been developed in which three parallel beams are generated. The separation between beams and location of the acoustic foci are determined by the lens design. The axial component of flow can be computed along each of the three beams and the lateral component of flow from the transit time of scatterers from beam to beam. In this manner, the 3-D flow velocity vector can be estimated
"Rough." (1898)

Journal Article "Rough." Get access Edward H. Marshall, M.A. Edward H. Marshall, M.A. 1Hastings Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s9-II, Issue 27, 2 July 1898, Page 5, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s9-II.27.5d Published: 02 July 1898
Simulating a rich ride-share mobility service using agent-based models (2019)

Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is the integrated and on-demand offering of new mode-sharing transport schemes, such as ride-share, car-share or car-pooling. MaaS schemes may solve some of the most pressing mobility problems in large conurbations like London. However, MaaS schemes pose significant implementation challenges for operators and city authorities alike. With the existing transport and traffic planning tools, even basic questions do not have easy answers: e.g. how many vehicles are needed; how should they be deployed; what infrastructure changes are needed, and what will happen with congestion? This paper reports on the novel integration, through co-simulation of two independent agent-based simulators: MATSim and IMSim. MATSim generates realistic transport demand for a city: allocating travellers to the best mobility option according to their preferences; while IMSim provides a highly realistic operational execution of autonomous and manually driven transport fleets. We show how the simulation tools complement each other to deliver a superior Autonomous Mobility on Demand (AMoD) modelling capability. By combining the two, we can evaluate the impact of diverse AMoD scenarios from different standpoints: from a traveller’s perspective (e.g. satisfaction, service level, etc.); from an operator’s perspectives (e.g. cost, revenue, etc.); and from a city’s perspective (e.g. congestion, significant shifts between transport modes, etc.). The coupled simulation methods have underpinned the extensive MERGE Greenwich project investigation into the challenges of offering ride-share services in autonomous vehicles in the Royal Borough of Greenwich (London, UK) for travellers, service-operators, the city, and vehicle manufacturers.
The moments of the distribution for normal samples of measures of departure from normality (1930)

Abstract If x1...xn are the values of a variate observed in a sample of n, from any population, we may evaluate a series of statistics (K) such that the mean value of kp will be the pth cumulative moment function of the sampled population; the first three of these are defined by the equations; k1 = 1/n S (x), k2 = 1/n-1 S (x-k1)2, k3 = n/(n-1) (n-2) S (x-k1)3; then it has been shown (fisher, 1929) that the cumulative moment functions of the simultaneous distribution, in samples, of k1, k2, k3,..., may be obtained by the direct application of a very simple combination procedure. The simplest measure of departure from normality will the be γ = k3k2-3/2, a quantity which is evidently independent of the units of measurements, and in samples from a symmetrical distribution will have a distribution symmetrical about the value zero. In testing the evidence provided by a sample, of departure from normality, the distribution of this quantity in normal samples is required.
Systematic mistake analysis of digital computer programs (1963)

article Free Access Share on Systematic mistake analysis of digital computer programs Authors: Joan C. Miller U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MDView Profile , Clifford J. Maloney U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MDView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 6Issue 2Feb. 1963 pp 58–63https://doi.org/10.1145/366246.366248Published:01 February 1963Publication History 68citation1,174DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations68Total Downloads1,174Last 12 Months107Last 6 weeks19 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Design and Realization of GaAs Digital Circuit for Mixed Signal MMIC Implementation in AESA Applications (2011)

A complete design flow starting from the technological process development up to the fabrication of digital circuits is presented. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the GaAs Enhancement/Depletion (E/D) double stop-etch technology implementation feasibility for digital applications, aimed at mixed signal circuit integration. On the basis of the characterization of small E/D devices with different Gate peripheries, developed by the SELEX-SI foundry, and the analysis of several GaAs-based logical families, the most suitable logic for the available technology has been selected. Then, simple test vehicles (level shifters, NOR logic gates and D Flip-Flops) have been designed, realized, and measured to validate the design strategy applied to the GaAs E/D process. These logical circuits are preliminary to the design of a more complex serial-to-parallel converter, to be implemented onto the same chip together with RF analog blocks, such as stepped attenuators and phase shifters.