gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen‐peroxide‐initiated polymerization of isoprene in alcohol solutions (1992)

Abstract The radical polymerization of isoprene in alcohol solutions initiated by hydrogen peroxide was studied. It was found that alcohols were components of the initiated system and that their fragments with hydroxyl groups were included in every second molecule of an oligomer irrespective of the type of alcohol, of the monomer conversion, and of the oligomer molecular weight. The oligomer yields and its molecular weight were determined by alcohols through their effect upon the phase state of polymerization systems. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Seat integrated 3 point belt with reversed geometry and an inboard torso side-support airbag for improved protection in rollover (2005)

In a rollover, the lap part of the 3-point belt certainly restrains the occupant from being fully ejected out of the vehicle, however the upper torso of the far side occupant may slip out of the shoulder belt. In this study the combination of reversed 3-point belt geometry (seat integrated), inboard torso side-support and buckle pretensioner were evaluated regarding the ability to better restrain the upper torso to the seat to prevent head-to-interior impacts. The method of evaluation, proposed and used in this paper, was a new sled test method simulating full-scale tripped rollovers along the longitudinal axis during the initial phase of tripping, the airborne phase and the first ground impact. The roof was assumed in the tests to be able to withstand the ground impact. Since car occupants normally are seated with a certain kyfosis and may straighten and elongate their spine, standard HIII ATDs were modified with 3D-flexible lumbar spines and used in both front seat positions. As a result, the rollover sled test method worked properly with good repeatability. While the head of the non-leading side (far-side) dummy impacted the inner roof in the standard 3-point belt configuration, the seat integrated 3-point belt with reversed geometry and buckle pretensioner showed ability to restrain the torso from moving inboard and towards the roof during the rollover tests.
Approximation by interval Bezier curves (1992)

The interval Bezier curve, which, unlike other curve and surface approximation schemes, can transfer a complete description of approximation errors between diverse CAD/CAM systems that impose fundamentally incompatible constraints on their canonical representation schemes, is described. Interval arithmetic, which offers an essentially infallible way to monitor error propagation in numerical algorithms that use floating-point arithmetic is reviewed. Affine maps, the computations of which are key operations in the de Casteljau subdivision and degree-elevation algorithms for Bezier curves, the floating-point error propagation in such computations, approximation by interval polynomials, and approximation by interval Bezier curves are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PP.15.25 (2015)

Objective: Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension are risk factors threatening health of Chinese People. Owing to the uneven development of regional economics and different food habits, there must be some difference of blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure in people in different provinces. Our study aims to investigate the characteristics of blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressure of people living in nursing houses among different provinces in northern of China. Design and method: Data were obtained from 1318 people living in nursing houses in Shanxi, Shandong, and Hebei provinces by standard questionnaires, physical examination and blood samples. Fasting serum total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), triglyceride(TG) and blood glucose(BG) were tested in a central laboratory. Results: There was no significant difference among three provinces for ages and sex ratios. The mean levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),blood lipids, glucose and the prevalence of hypertension, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia were significantly different among three provinces(table1 and table 2).Conclusions: The characteristics of blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose in people are different among Shanxi, Shangdong and Hebei provinces. To learn the epidemiological characteristics of blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose in people among different regions is important for local governments and health organizations to develop strategy to prevent and control cardiovascular risk factors.
Ignoring Limits to Growth (1993)

In 1968, 30 scientists, educators, economists, industrialists, and government officials from 10 countries met at the Academia dei Lincei in Rome to discuss the present and future predicament of mankind. The first project of the Club of Rome examined the consequences of unchecked growth. A computer model developed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology seemed to confirm that existing growth patterns could not be sustained. There were absolute physical limits which, if ignored, would lead to sudden collapse and to global catastrophe within a hundred years. These results were published as the book The Limits to Growth (1972). A reexamination of this project is discussed. It is concluded that the world has generally been following the patterns of growth forecast and that the implicit warning about continued growth has largely been ignored in the quest for sustainable development.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distributed controllers for flexible structures using piezo-electric actuator/sensors (2002)

A natural control synthesis for distributed parameter systems (DPS) consists of distributed controllers which can adequately manipulate and force every point of the spatial domain to conform to the desired function. The traditional actuators and sensors such as shakers and accelerometers are localized (point-wise) devices. New sensors/actuators made of smart materials such as piezoelectric ceramic or PVDF have been proposed as alternatives for traditional controllers. In this paper a theoretical approach is introduced to establish the shape design for these materials to make them to perform as distributed controllers in active damping and stabilization of flexible structures. Based on the dissipativity of energy functional, a criteria for the design of the shape of piezoelectric material or electrode, which can achieve the task of distributed control, is derived. Unlike previous efforts, which could find piezoelectric shape for dissipativity of one mode, it is proved that the suggested shape guarantees the dissipativity of energy function for all modes of the system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Population‐based assessment of adverse events associated with long‐term glucocorticoid use (2006)

The prevalence of 8 commonly attributed self-reported glucocorticoid-associated AEs was significantly associated with cumulative and average glucocorticoid dose in a dose-dependent fashion. Physicians should be vigilant for glucocorticoid-related AEs and should counsel patients about possible risks, even among low-dose long-term users.
Electron crystallography: imaging and single-crystal diffraction from powders (2007)

The study of crystals at atomic level by electrons - electron crystallography - is an important complement to X-ray crystallography. There are two main advantages of structure determinations by electron crystallography compared to X-ray diffraction: (i) crystals millions of times smaller than those needed for X-ray diffraction can be studied and (ii) the phases of the crystallographic structure factors, which are lost in X-ray diffraction, are present in transmission-electron-microscopy (TEM) images. In this paper, some recent developments of electron crystallography and its applications, mainly on inorganic crystals, are shown. Crystal structures can be solved to atomic resolution in two dimensions as well as in three dimensions from both TEM images and electron diffraction. Different techniques developed for electron crystallography, including three-dimensional reconstruction, the electron precession technique and ultrafast electron crystallography, are reviewed. Examples of electron-crystallography applications are given. There is in principle no limitation to the complexity of the structures that can be solved by electron crystallography.
European Solid-State Circuits conference to be held jointly with devices conference (2002)

The 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (ESSCIRC 2002), organized by the University of Pavia, will be held 24–26 September 2002 in Florence, Italy.
Neutrophil dysfunction in sepsis. II. Evidence for the role of complement activation products in cellular deactivation. (1981)

Abnormalities in chemotactic and bactericidal activity have been identified in patients suffering from burn injury, trauma, and infection. Such abnormalities may lead to bacteremia or nosocomial infection. The mechanism for these abnormalities is unclear. We studied the role of chemotactic deactivation by complement component C5a in 47 patients with intra-abdominal infection and with disordered neutrophil function. Plasma C5a levels in such patients were elevated (102.1 +/- 8.3 versus 52.6 +/- 3.4 ng/ml for control subjects, P less than 0.01). There was a linear relationship between C5a and chemotaxis (r = 0.56, P less than 0.01). Examination of patients' neutrophils showed changes consistent with nonspecific deactivation. There were parallel losses of chemotaxis to N-formyl methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) and activated serum (C5a) (r = 0.74, P less than 0.001), chemotaxis and intracellular beta-glucuronidase (r = 0.82, P less than 0.001), and C5a and FMLP chemotaxis and (r = 0.56, P less than 0.01). Receptor assays revealed specific loss of C5a binding but intact FMLP binding. Exposure of normal neutrophils to plasma from patients with depressed chemotaxis caused similar loss of C5a receptors and loss of FMLP and activated serum-induced chemotaxis at high plasma concentrations and selective loss of activated serum response at lower concentrations. These data support the concept that a major factor leading to neutrophil dysfunction during intra-abdominal infection is nonspecific chemotactic deactivation of neutrophils after in vivo exposure to high levels of chemoattractants such as C5a.
A NOVEL AUTOMATIC C TO NVIDIACUDA CODE OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK (2017)

With the continuous demand for high performance computing, the need for reducing time for executing the application is the current challenge of research. Nevertheless, the execution time for the application not only depends on the hardware or architecture, rather also depends on the algorithm design. Improvement of the hardware may lead to higher investments and the optimization of cost is also to be taken care. Henceforth, the major optimization task is to focus on the algorithm design. A number of algorithm design techniques are available and techniques have reached the maximum of optimization levels. Thus, not limiting to the improvement in the algorithm design, the use of parallel execution of the programs is also to be considered. GPUs are commonly used processing units to speed up the application execution in the domain of game development. The GPUs can be utilized to parallelize the application execution to reach the clock usage to the maximum. The major challenge is to design or re-design the application code from traditional serial programming languages to the parallel codes, which can take the advantages of GPU cores. Nonetheless, the code conversion is not easy and demands a higher understanding of parallel programming and the GPUs are transparent to understand for a beginner. Thus the final demand for the application development industry is to build a code conversion framework to automatically convert the source code into parallel programs. This work presents a novel C to NVIDIA Cuda code converter and gives the legacy programs a chance to run on parallel architecture. This work, to be presented, can be considered as a base line for further reach and be used for bench marking the applications. The results demonstrate a high reduction in execution time.
Using weight-controlled token matching to extract data from HTML files (2005)

Most of the data stored in HTML files on the Web are semistructured. Extracting data and packing them into semistructured data models has received a lot of attention recently. We introduce a method that generates wrappers automatically for HTML files. The wrapper is generated from labeled training examples. We use weight-controlled token matching to locate the delimiters of the data of interest to the users. A list of tokens near the data is evaluated and each token is given a weight. We define a list of tokens to be the delimiter if the tokens are so important that the sum of the weights is larger than a threshold. A prototype is designed and a GUI is used to help build wrappers and extract data from the Web. Our method requires a small number of training examples and is flexible enough to deal with missing and misordered items. Compared to other approaches that may be too restrictive, our approach tolerates small modifications of HTML files.
Corneal Lymphangiogenesis: Implications in Immunity (2009)

The lymphatic system is a network of vessels throughout the body that serves to return lymphatic fluid to the systemic blood circulation and serves as the immune system's highway in the afferent limb of the immune response. This paper reviews the basics of structure, function and development of the lymphatic system. The emphasis is on understanding the role of lymphatics in the cornea as related to angiogenesis and the clinical setting of corneal transplant rejection. The lymphatic system has two main functions: to drain excess extracellular fluid from capillary beds to return to the systemic blood circulation and to capture antigen for presentation to the immune system in the lymphoid compartment (e.g. nodes) connected in parallel to the lymphatic system. The normal cornea is devoid of lymphatic vessels and blood vessels, thus allowing for its unique immune privileged status. Abnormal blood vessel growth into the cornea has been studied for many years, but the study of lymphatic vessels has been hampered until the recent discovery of lymphatic-specific markers. Subsequent studies of vascularized corneas support the presence of lymphatic vessels in the cornea. The growth of new lymphatic (lymphangiogenesis) and blood (hemangiogenesis) vessels in the cornea is closely related to the abrogation of the immune privileged status of the cornea. This review summarizes our current understanding of the parallel development of hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis as related to the mechanisms of immune rejection of corneal transplants.
Heuristic 3D object shape completion based on symmetry and scene context (2016)

Object shape information is essential for robot manipulation tasks, in particular for grasp planning and collision-free motion planning. But in general a complete object model is not available, in particular when dealing with unknown objects. We propose a method for completing shapes that are only partially known, which is a common situation when a robot perceives a new object only from one direction. Our approach is based on the assumption that most objects used in service robotic setups have symmetries. We determine and rate symmetry plane candidates to estimate the hidden parts of the object. By finding possible supporting planes based on its immediate neighborhood, the search space for symmetry planes is restricted, and the bottom part of the object is added. Gaps along the sides in the direction of the view axis are closed by linear interpolation. We evaluate our approach with real-world experiments using the YCB object and model set [1].
A two-layered fuzzy logic controller for systems with deadzones (1994)

Existing fuzzy control methods do not perform well when applied to systems containing nonlinearities arising from unknown deadzones. In particular, we show that a usual "fuzzy PD" controller applied to a system with a deadzone suffers from poor transient performance and a large steady-state error. In this paper, we propose a novel two-layered fuzzy logic controller for controlling systems with deadzones. The two-layered control structure consists of a fuzzy logic-based precompensator followed by a usual fuzzy PD controller. Our proposed controller exhibits superior transient and steady-state performance compared to usual fuzzy PD controllers. In addition, the controller is robust to variations in deadzone nonlinearities. We illustrate the effectiveness of our scheme using computer simulation examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Integrity testing of Planova™ BioEX virus removal filters used in the manufacture of biological products (2015)

Confirmation of virus filter integrity is crucial for ensuring the safety of biological products. Two main types of virus filter defects may produce inconsistent and undesirable performance in virus removal: improper pore-size distribution across the membrane; and specific damage, such as tears, broken fibers, or pinholes. Two integrity tests are performed on each individual filter manufactured by Asahi Kasei Medical to ensure the absence of these defects prior to shipment. In this study, we verified that typical usage of Planova™ BioEX filters would not improperly shift the pore-size distribution. Damage occurring during shipment and use (e.g., broken fibers or pinholes) can be detected by end-users with sufficient sensitivity using air-water diffusion based leakage tests. We prepared and tested filters with model pinhole defects of various sizes to develop standard acceptance criteria for the leakage test relative to porcine parvovirus infectivity logarithmic reduction values (LRVs). Our results demonstrate that pinhole defects at or below a certain size for each effective filter surface area have no significant impact on the virus LRV. In conclusion the leakage test is sufficiently sensitive to serve as the sole end-user integrity test for Planova™ BioEX filters, facilitating their use in biopharmaceuticals manufacturing.
Non Repudiation for SIP Protocol; SIP Sign (2008)

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is an application-layer signaling and control protocol for creating, modifying and terminating sessions including Internet telephone calls, multimedia distribution and multimedia conferences. Flexible, extensible and open, SIP has a complete security mechanism that allows security of both media and signaling. SIP RFC recommends the use of TLS or DTLS (Datagram TLS defined in RFC 4347) to provide an adequate level of protection against attacks. However, missing from these protocols is a way to perform non-repudiation service. In this paper we propose to modify some header fields in the SIP messages in order to allow them to perform non-repudiation service over TLS. This modification provides the User Agents (UAs) the ability to sign their SIP messages using certificates such as X.509.
Treatment with a GPIIb/IIIa Antagonist Inhibits Thrombin Generation in Platelet Rich Plasma from Patients (1998)

Infusion of the GPIIb/IIIa-inhibitor MK383 inhibits thrombin generation in platelet rich plasma by interfering with the production of platelet procoagulant phospholipid exposure. The effect is similar to that of 0.2 U/ml of heparin. Heparin infusion, well known to inhibit thrombin generation by fostering antithrombin activity, inhibits the formation of platelet-derived procoagulant microparticles, probably by decreasing the formation of free thrombin, which, under our circumstances, is the main platelet activator.
Investigation of polarization dispersion in long lengths of single-mode fiber using multilongitudinal mode lasers (1987)

We have used multilongitudinal mode lasers to investigate the polarization properties of long lengths of single-mode fiber cable. We find that the individual longitudinal modes are >99-percent polarized after propagation through 54.6 km of cabled fiber; however, the different longitudinal modes have different states of polarization at the output. This difference is caused by polarization dispersion, and we estimate a propagation delay difference for the two principal states of polarization to be 0.42 ps in the 54.6 km of cabled fiber.
Identification of mutants in metabolically regulated gene expression (1997)

Sucrose is the main transported form of assimilates, but, significantly, it also regulates a variety of processes such as photosynthesis and carbon or nitrogen storage. The effects of high sucrose levels are mediated directly by modulation of gene expression. The regulation of storage protein accumulation, here patatin from potato tubers, was used as a model system to study sucrose mediated signal transduction. The transcriptional regulation of patatin genes in conserved in transgenic Arabidopsis, as shown by the analysis of expression of two classes of patatin promoters fused to uidA. Two distinctly different patterns of gene expression were observed. In roots, class I promoter expression is strongly dependent on the exogenous supply of sugars. 3-O-methylglucose induction indicates that the sensor is located upstream of hexokinase. In contrast, the class II promoter is constitutively active in root tips and hydatodes. The progeny of a homozygous class I line was mutagenized with ethyl methane sulphonate and screened for signal transduction mutants using a non-destructive screening system for GUS activity. Four mutants showing reduced sucrose responses (rsr) and two mutants with modified expression patterns (mep) regarding the root tip were identified. In backcross analyses, it was shown that rsr1-1 carries a recessive trans mutation whereas rsr4-1 seems to be a semi-dominant trans mutation in sugar-mediated gene regulation.
The effect of carbon sources on the expression level of thermostable L2 lipase in Pichia pastoris (2011)

Thermostable lipases are enzymes that are particularly pleasing for industrial purposes such as in the production of detergents, animal skin-based industry and food processing endeavours. Thermostable L2 lipase gene fished out from Bacillus sp. L2 was cloned into Pichia pastoris strain GS115 under constitutive expression system of pGAPZαA. Study performed on various carbon sources revealed that glucose and glycerol support the growth of Pichia pastoris and expression of L2 lipase. In addition, the by-product of sugar refinery processes (molasses) was found to be a potential carbon source for the growth of P. pastoris and L2 lipase expression. Since the thermostable L2 lipase will be extracellularly secreted into the medium, the use of P. pastoris expression system is seen as an alternative to the conventional expression system of Escherichia coli that applies intracellular expression of the L2 lipase gene encoded. Key words : Thermostable lipase, Pichia pastoris, constitutive expression, carbon source.