gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Electrocatalytically Active Platinum Atom Clusters and Monodisperse Single Crystals (2010)

A novel synthesis technique has been developed that yields monodisperse Pt particles in electrostatically stabilized suspensions without the use of structure directing organic surfactants. The approach uses stannous chloride as both reducing and stabilizing agent to form multifaceted Pt single crystal nanoparticles and clusters of less than 20 atoms. These particles may be assembled into layered electrode structures having well-controlled Pt loadings without precipitation onto organic supports or sintering to remove organic residues, both of which are known to yield particle aggregation and the formation of nonregular structures. Consequently, the particles may be used for fundamental investigations on the effect of platinum dispersion on catalytic activity never previously possible. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) of these particles provides the first direct evidence that peak oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with increased catalyst dispersion is associated with the crystal to cluster transition and a change in reaction mechanism as reflected by the change in the Tafel slope from 120 mV/decade for the crystals to 220 mV/decade for the clusters at high current density. ORR mass activities obtained at 0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) from rotating disk electrode (RDE) experiments in perchloric acid were found to systematically vary from a minimum of about 18 A/g for the atomic clusters, to about 48 A/g for the single crystals, to a peak activity of 74 A/g for transitional structures (twice the value measured on commercial catalyst). Furthermore, the peak electrochemically active area (ECA) obtained from proton underpotential deposition is found to occur well within the atomic cluster regime.
Factor mobility and the distribution of economic activity in integration economies: evidence and implications (2008)

This study examines empirically factor mobility and distribution of economic activity under economic integration, with the result that the benchmark of the equal-share relationship holds strongly for US states and less so for EU countries, but does not hold for Developing Countries or the World. Recent research (Bowen, Munandar and Viaene, 2005) shows that for a country who is a member of a fully integrated economy, its shares of the integrated economy's total output and stocks of productive factors (i.e., physical and human capital) will be equal. They label this result the equal-share relationship.Â In this paper, we empirically examine for evidence of the equal-share relationship for alternative economic groups (i.e., US states, EU countries, Developing Countries and a World comprising 55 countries). Our findings indicate that the equal-share relationship holds strongly for US states, less so for EU countries, but does not hold for Developing Countries or the World.
Catalytic Enantioselective Hydroboration of Cyclopropenes (2003)

2,2-Disubstituted cyclopropyl boronates have been synthesized with high degrees of diastereo- and enantioselectivity via the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroboration of 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes. A strong directing effect of ester and alkoxymethyl substituents has been demonstrated. The directing effect was found to be necessary in achieving high degrees of enantiomeric induction. Selected cyclopropylboronic derivatives were successfully employed in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction to produce the corresponding optically active aryl- and vinylcyclopropanes in good yields.
The Coase Conjecture with Incomplete Information on the Monopolist's Commitment (2009)

A key to the Coase conjecture is the monopolist's inability to commit to a price, which leads consumers to believe that a high current price will be followed by low future prices. This paper studies the robustness of the Coase conjecture with respect to these beliefs of consumers. In particular, there is uncertainty over whether the monopolist is committed to a price (i.e. she may be a commitment type). Consequently, consumers are no longer certain that the price will change over time. I consider two kinds of commitment types. A behavioral commitment type charges an exogenously given price, while the rational commitment type optimally chooses a price. I show that the Coase conjecture is robust with regard to uncertainty over the monopolist's commitment. When the probability of behavioral types is sufficiently small, as in the original Coase conjecture, the monopolist earns the competitive profit. When the probability of behavioral types is positive, unlike in the original Coase conjecture, there is positive delay. But the delay disappears as the probability approaches zero. When the commitment type is rational, unless the probability of the commitment type is sufficiently high, both normal and committed monopolists charge the competitive price, and thus there is no delay.
Automatic face image annotation based on a single template with constrained warping deformation (2013)

In this study, an automatic face image annotation method is proposed by aligning faces with different expressions to an annotated neutral face. This work is useful in reducing tedious manual work for labelling image data in large databases. However, it is challenging because of the appearance variations caused by non‐rigid face deformations under various expressions. Unlike some conventional approaches acquiring sufficient image templates to model the query appearance, only a single given template is necessary for the proposed method. The authors address the problem through dense image alignment. Specifically, image warping in the alignment process is constrained by prior knowledge about facial shape deformation. The proposed method is independent of the appearance model, and is available for unseen faces. In addition, to initialise warping parameters, the authors present a robust patch‐based estimation method. Context information for feature points is carefully modelled to propagate the searching path for local patch matching. The face annotation experiments are performed on some large expressions, with noisy image qualities and in low image resolutions. Comparison results with conventional methods demonstrate the proposed method's superiority on both accuracy and robustness.
Observation of oculovagal reflex during first and second strabismus surgery in children (2012)

Objective To understand the incidence occurrence and severity of oculovagal reflex (OVR) during first and second strabismus surgery in children. Methods Sixty strabismus children were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=30 each) under general anesthesia:Group Ⅰ:first surgery;Group Ⅱ:second surgery.Both of the groups were used the same preoperative medication,anesthetic induction and maintenance.The incidence of oculovagal reflex was observed in different groups during surgery (the standard was heart rate instantaneous decreased or increased by 10％ or arrhythmia). Results There were no significant differences between the groups in age,gender and body weight.While the comparison of incidence of oculovagal reflex (12/40,27/90) (cases/％),frequency (1.78±0.44,3.45±0.78) (times / cases),heart rate decrease (12±4,18±6) (bpm/min),the number of stop operation (1.24±0.23,3.08±0.66) (times / cases),operative time (26.33±7.12,30.98±8.99)min,postoperative nausea and vomiting within 24 hours (9/30,18/60) (cases/％) were significantly different between two groups (P ＜0.05). Conclusions The incidence of oculovagal reflex is higher in second surgery than in first one.

Key words: 
Oculovagai reflex (OVR);  Oculo-cardiac reflex(OCR);  Strabismus surgery;  Children
Effect of tube-support interaction on the dynamic responses of heat exchanger tubes. [LMFBR] (1977)

LA strain and LAVI are more sensitive parameters than traditional echocardiographic parameters as well as left ventricular strain in patients with early CKD. LA strain and LAVI may be useful to detect myocardial involvement in stage 3 CKD, and LA alterations may be consequent to increased activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway, causing myocardial fibrosis in CKD.
Enabling Semantics in an M2M/IoT Service Delivery Platform (2016)

Internet-of-Things (IoT) and Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications provide great opportunities to connect various devices, such as sensors and actuators, and to collect and process the gathered data. This in turn, enables the types of services making smart homes and intelligent transportation applications a reality. For applications or services from different verticals (e.g., smart home and smart transportation) to share and re-use information, and to collaborate with each other, interworking and interoperability have become essential. However, interworking and interoperability across verticals have not yet been fully addressed in the context of M2M/IoT. With the focus on sharing data between different applications and services, semantics is considered an ideal technique to provide a common base for interworking and interoperation. In this paper, a novel architecture is proposed for integrating semantics into an M2M/IoT service delivery platform (SDP). The proposed open architecture is flexible and extensible, as the semantics can be integrated in different ways with various types of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), which allows the utilization of different types of protocols. A use case study is also provided to highlight how to utilize semantics service integrated into the M2M/IoT service platform for interworking and interoperability.
Cellular activation mechanisms in septic shock (1998)

Septic shock is an increasingly important clinical condition, characterized by systemic hypotension, ischemia, and ultimately organ failure. In Gram negative infection, the bacterial cell wall component, lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin, LPS), has been strongly linked to the pathophysiological responses that result in septic shock. LPS is bound in plasma to a protein called LPS-binding protein (LBP), which facilitates the binding of LPS to a cell surface receptor, CD14. Binding to CD14 stimulates cell signaling mechanisms that result in the production of inflammatory cytokines. However, the events which follow LPS binding to CD14 and which lead to the production of cytokines remain unclear. It has recently become evident that a number of phosphorylation cascades including MAP kinase pathways and NF-𝛋B activation pathway are initiated by exposure of cells to LPS. These cascades act at both the transcriptional and translational levels to regulate cytokine production. This review will focus on the signaling pathways that are initiated by LPS and the cellular effects of the signaling pathways.
Efficacy of Adding 2% (w/v) Chlorhexidine Gluconate to 70% (v/v) Isopropyl Alcohol for Skin Disinfection Prior to Peripheral Venous Cannulation (2008)

We undertook a clinical trial to compare the efficacy of 2% (w/v) chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% (v/v) isopropyl alcohol with the efficacy of 70% (v/v) isopropyl alcohol alone for skin disinfection to prevent peripheral venous catheter colonization and contamination. We found that the addition of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate reduced the number of peripheral venous catheters that were colonized or contaminated.
Light Scattering Study of the 12-Hydroxyoctadecanoic Acid and Benzene Mixture in the Gel State (1981)

Abstract The structure of the 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid-benzene gel was studied by the use of the light scattering spectrometer. The scattering angular dependence of the scattering intensity and the time correlation function of the electric field were measured. It was found that the coarse mesh network and the fine mesh network coexist in this gel. The former was detected by the intensity measurement, while the latter was detected by intensity-fluctuation spectroscopy. The usefulness of the light scattering technique was emphasized.
Path Planning and Motion Coordination in Multiple Mobile Robot Teams (2009)

Autonomous robot An autonomous robot is a robot that can perform tasks in unstructured environments with minimal human guidance. Planned path A planned path is a pre-determined, obstacle-free, trajectory that a robot can follow to reach its goal position from its starting position. Complete path planner A complete path planner is an algorithm that is guaranteed to find a path, if one exists. Deadlocked path planning A deadlock is a situation in path planning in which a solution cannot be found, even though one exists. Typically, this is caused by robots blocking each other’s paths, and the planner being unable to find a solution in which robots move out of each other’s way.
Thiazole Derivatives. II (1951)

It was found that 4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole can be synthesized from 2-amino-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole in a good yield. 2-Bromo-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole is obtained by thermal decomposition of diazoperbromide of 2-amino derivative of the starting material, and its reduction easily yields the objective 4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole.
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Derived Oxygen‐Rich Porous Carbon Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries (2016)

Abstract Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), which contains large amounts of carboxymethyl and hydroxy groups, has been used as an oxygen‐containing carbon precursor to prepare oxygen‐rich porous carbon (OPC) in a silica‐template process. CMC can be mixed homogeneously with the silica template because of its excellent water solubility and viscosity, which is one of the key reasons for the successful preparation of OPC. The obtained OPC possesses some micropores, many mesopores with different sizes, a large specific surface area of 1792.6 m 2 g −1 , and a high oxygen content of 8.63 wt %, and exhibits superb dual functionality as anodes for lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Bone Marrow Support Hematopoiesis in Vitro. (2000)

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotential progenitors of connective tissues and bone marrow stroma as well, which implies the modulatory function of MSCs in hematopoiesis. To clarify the contributions of MSCs to hematopoiesis, the methods for isolation and expansion of MSCs were established and long-term bone marrow cultures were performed using irradiated MSCs as the feeder layer. The results here showed that CD34(+) cells from cord blood formed hematopoietic foci adherent to the monolayer. Furthermore, colony-forming cells remained in the coculture of 5 weeks, indicating the maintenance of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC). Flow cytometry analysis showed that about 1% of the hematopoietic cells in the culture were positive for CD34 and around 15% were CD41a-positive. It is clear that MSCs maintain LTC-IC in vitro and promote differentiation of hematopoietic progenitors especially into megakaryocytic lineage. The preliminary results here demonstrate that MSCs residing in the bone marrow might be a crucial cellular component in the hematopoietic microenvironment.
Picosecond applications of Josephson junctions (1980)

The behavior of simple superconducting circuits in the picosecond regime is described in a comprehensive way, with primary emphasis being given to the step function and pulse responses of these circuits. Topics receiving detailed discussion include Josephson-junction modeling with both the microscopic and shunted-junction models. Limitations of the shunted-junction model are explored by comparing it with experimental results and with the microscopic model. An approximate evaluation is given of the important dynamical properties of junctions made with the dominant fabrication technology (Pb-alloy systems), as a function of tunneling barrier thickness. Rounding out the device aspects of the discussion, we describe in detail the properties of superconducting microstrip transmission lines, with an emphasis on their high-speed behavior. Turning to simple circuits we review experimental results on the measurement of picosecond regime transient signals. The concept of turn-on delay is analyzed anew, providing simplified and extended results. Details of concepts for pulse height and pulsewidth measurements are explored, leading to the conclusion that the time resolution of superconducting circuits is limited to approximately the period of one plasma oscillation. With present Pb-alloy fabrication technology this limit is 2 ps.
Successful A1-to-O ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation after a preconditioning regimen consisting of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody infusions, splenectomy, and double-filtration plasmapheresis (2002)

A preconditioning regimen consisting of rituximab infusions and a splenectomy is a useful new strategy for performing ABO-incompatible kidney transplantations when the conventional preconditioning regimen does not work.
A Hitchhiker’s Guide to Click-Chemistry with Nucleic Acids (2021)

Click chemistry is an immensely powerful technique for the fast and efficient covalent conjugation of molecular entities. Its broad scope has positively impacted on multiple scientific disciplines, and its implementation within the nucleic acid field has enabled researchers to generate a wide variety of tools with application in biology, biochemistry, and biotechnology. Azide-alkyne cycloadditions (AAC) are still the leading technology among click reactions due to the facile modification and incorporation of azide and alkyne groups within biological scaffolds. Application of AAC chemistry to nucleic acids allows labeling, ligation, and cyclization of oligonucleotides efficiently and cost-effectively relative to previously used chemical and enzymatic techniques. In this review, we provide a guide to inexperienced and knowledgeable researchers approaching the field of click chemistry with nucleic acids. We discuss in detail the chemistry, the available modified-nucleosides, and applications of AAC reactions in nucleic acid chemistry and provide a critical view of the advantages, limitations, and open-questions within the field.
A Comparative Analysis of Soft computing techniques for Password Strength Classification (2020)

Passwords are a very important sensitive aspect in computer security. Password is the important identitiy in authenticating any individual in different domains. It plays a vital role in accessing any device or any software. Users around the world are consistently told about the necessity of a strong password to protect their access with unauthorized users. In this paper, we propose a comparative analysis of soft computing techniques such as Back propagation neural network (BPN), Logistic regression (LR), Hopfield neural network (HNN), Brain state in a box (BSB) and associative memory network (BAM), Convolution neural network (CNN) system for strong password classification. The dataset contains only a single attribute of passwords with 3 classes as weak, medium and strong. The experimental results analysis shows that for such a datset, the simple logistic regression model yields better output when compared with Convolution Neural networks, Back propagation neural network, Logistic regression, Hopfield neural network, Brain state in a box and Bidirectional Associative Memory. It can be concluded that logistic regression is adapted for such an application and also plays as a better prediction system for such a dataset.
Preliminary structural control results from the Middeck Active Control Experiment (MACE) (1992)

Results are presented of on-going closed-loop ground experiments on the MACE test article, the objective of which is to investigate the extent to which closed-loop behavior of flexible spacecraft in zero gravity can be predicted, as well as to examine orbit system identification and control reconfiguration. The MACE hardware consists of three torque wheels, a two-axis gimballing payload, inertial sensors, and a flexible support structure. With the acquisition of a second payload, this is to represent a multiple payload platform with significant structural flexibility. When linear quadratic Gaussian control is used, payload pointing accuracy is improved by an order of magnitude when disturbed by a broadband torque disturbance. The successes and failures of the design and implementation process are discussed.
Effects of growth temperature on the properties of atomic layer deposition grown ZrO2 films (2003)

Zirconium dioxide films are grown in 200 atomic layer deposition cycles. Zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl4) and water (H2O) are used as precursors. A relatively high dielectric constant (κ=22), wide band gap, and conduction band offset (5.8 and 1.4 eV, respectively) indicate that zirconium dioxide is a most promising substitute for silicon dioxide as a dielectric gate in complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor devices. However, crystallization and chlorine ions in the films might affect their electrical properties. These ions are produced during atomic layer deposition in which the ZrCl4 precursor reacts with the growth surface. It is desirable to tune the composition, morphology, and structural properties in order to improve their benefit on the electrical ones. To address this issue it is necessary to properly choose the growth parameters. This work focuses on the effects of the growth temperature Tg. ZrO2 films are grown at different substrate temperatures: 160, 200, 250, and 350 °C. Relevant modification of the film structure with a change in substrate temperature during growth is expected because the density of reactive sites [mainly Si+1–(OH)−1 bonds] decreases with an increase in temperature [Y. B. Kim et al., Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 3, 346 (2000)]. The amorphous film component, for example, that develops at Si+1–(OH)−1 sites on the starting growth surface, is expected to decrease with an increase in growth temperature. The size and consequences of film property modifications with the growth temperature are investigated in this work using x-ray diffraction and reflectivity, and atomic force microscopy. Time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry is used to study contaminant species in the films. From capacitance–voltage (CV) and current–voltage (IV) measurements, respectively, the dielectric constant κZrO2 and the leakage current are studied as a function of the film growth temperature.
Ankle Arthrodesis Using Ring External Fixation (2006)

Contemporary recommendations for primary and revision ankle arthrodesis favor internal compression techniques using screw and/or plate fixation, with satisfactory outcomes being reported for most patients. Recently, comparable union rates and results of primary and revision tibiotalar arthrodeses have been reported using ring external fixation. In select patients, tibiotalar arthrodesis with internal fixation may be limited or even contraindicated given insufficient bone stock to adequately support implants, an abundance of avascular bone, or a history of osteomyelitis. Ring external fixation may facilitate clinically acceptable limb salvage in these complex cases. This review paper describes the authors' experience using ring external fixation for ankle arthrodesis.
Fast parallel matching in expander graphs (1993)

Article Free Access Share on Fast parallel matching in expander graphs Author: Pierre Kelsen Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., CanadaView Profile Authors Info & Claims SPAA '93: Proceedings of the fifth annual ACM symposium on Parallel Algorithms and ArchitecturesAugust 1993 Pages 293–299https://doi.org/10.1145/165231.166107Online:01 August 1993Publication History 2citation336DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads336Last 12 Months12Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF