gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extracellular ATP induces ion fluxes and inhibits growth of Friend erythroleukemia cells. (1984)

Extracellular ATP (1 mM) inhibited the growth of Friend virus-infected murine erythroleukemia cells (MEL cells) but had no effect on dimethyl sulfoxide-induced differentiation. ATP (1 mM) also caused changes in the permeability of MEL cells to ions. There was an increased influx of 45Ca2+ from a basal level of 5 pmol/min to 18 pmol/min/10(6) cells to achieve a 2-fold increase in steady-state Ca2+ as measured at isotopic equilibration. Ca2+ influx was blocked by diisothiocyanostilbene disulfonate (DIDS), an inhibitor of anion transport. ATP also stimulated Cl- uptake, and this flux was inhibited by DIDS. The ratio of ATP stimulated Cl- to Ca2+ uptake was 1.6:1. K+ and Na+ influx were also stimulated by ATP, but phosphate uptake was inhibited; the Na+ influx dissipated the Na+ gradient and thus inhibited nutrient uptake. ATP-stimulated K+ influx was ouabain inhibitable; however, the total cellular K+ decreased due to an ATP-stimulated ouabain-resistant K+ efflux. Na+ influx and Ca2+ influx occurred by separate independent routes, since Na+ influx was not inhibited by DIDS. The effects observed were specific for ATP *K1/2 MgATP = 0.7 mM) since AMP, GTP, adenosine, and the slowly hydrolyzable ATP analogue adenyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate were without effect. The major ionic changes in the cell were a decrease in K+ and increase in Na+; cytoplasmic pH and free Ca2+ did not change appreciably. These ATP-induced changes in ion flux are considered to be responsible for growth inhibition.
Proliferative responses of B cells from elderly humans: abnormalities in early responsiveness are related to alterations in B cell activation molecules. (1991)

Age-related changes are known to occur in the function of human T cells but less information is available about human B cells during aging. In this study, B cells obtained by negative selection from the peripheral blood of young and elderly subjects were stimulated in vitro with anti-IgM, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I (SAC), or Staph protein A (SpA) from SAC. Their proliferative capabilities with and without lymphokines were quantitated by [3H]thymidine uptake. Stimulated B cells from elderly subjects were reduced in their overall ability to sustain normal levels of proliferation observed for B cells from young subjects. However, time course studies analyzing early proliferative responses revealed that B cells from one subset of elderly displayed persistent hyporesponsiveness whereas another subset demonstrated early hyperresponsiveness compared to B cells from young adults. Experiments to determine the frequencies of B cells with transferrin receptors (TfR) and low-affinity receptors for IgE (Fc epsilon RII/CD23) showed reductions in the expression of these two glycoproteins among stimulated B cells from elderly with the persistent decreases in proliferation. By contrast, unstimulated B cells of elderly subjects with early hyperresponsiveness displayed increased frequencies of TfR-positive cells, which became reduced after stimulation. Further, stimulated B cells from this group demonstrated greater frequencies of CD23 positive cells than young adults (13 vs. 8%). Thus two distinct profiles of proliferative abnormalities can be observed in early cohorts of activated B cells from elderly humans. The association of these abnormalities with differences in TfR and CD23 suggests that certain age-related defects occur relatively early during the B cell activation scheme.
A generalised P-matrix model for SAW filters (2004)

The P-matrix model, which can be seen as a discrete version of the continuous COM model, is a well established tool to analyse the electro-acoustic properties of IDTs and reflector gratings. It relates both outgoing acoustic surface waves and the electric current to both incoming acoustic surface waves and the electric voltage. If an acoustic track consists of several IDTs and reflectors, it can be described by cascading the P-matrices of its building blocks. However, this approach has its clear limitations. Let us consider, e.g., a DMS track: if a voltage is applied to one IDT it will generate electric charges not only on the fingers of this IDT but also on its neighbouring fingers. These charges cause capacitive coupling between neighbouring elements and change the electro-acoustic excitation and detection of forward and backward propagating surface waves. Both effects are ignored in the building block model. The resulting inaccuracies are most pronounced, if short elements, such as in DMS tracks, are used. In this paper, I will present a generalisation of the classical P-matrix model, which relates the outgoing acoustic surface waves and all electric currents to the incoming acoustic surface waves and all electric voltages in a general acoustic track. This track might consist of an arbitrary number of IDTs, reflectors, and delay lines. To demonstrate the advantage of this model it will be compared to the simpler building block model and to measurements for two typical filters.
A Novel Aldehyde-Terminated Dendrimers: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Assay (2012)

Dendrimers with aldehyde-terminated groups could be used as novel and convenient carriers for drug delivery with low cytotoxic effect compared with the amine-terminated dendrimers. The results revealed that the same generations of the dendri¬mers with aldehyde-terminated groups are far less toxic than the corresponding amine-terminated dendrimers.
Long-Term Retention of A Novel Antioxidant Sulphur-substituted Fatty Acid Analogue After Local Delivery in Porcine Coronary Arteries (2001)

After local coronary artery delivery, the antioxidant TTA is taken up by the arterial wall in which it is retained for at least 4 weeks.
Library System Selection And Implementation: A Case Study (2000)

This paper is based on experiences gained in selecting and implementing a new library management system (LMS) for the Australian Graduate School of Management (a School of both The University of Sydney & The University of New South Wales) over a two year period during 1997, 1998 and 1999. I attempt to pass on the lessons learned from experience, colleagues, consultants, vendors and the literature over that period, and this paper is those lessons condensed into a brief guide for those that might be looking at a new LMS for their own organisation.
Understanding a simple cartoon film by a computer vision system (1977)

This paper describes a primitive intelligent system that analyzes and understands simple cartoon films of a dynamic mini-world; each film contains a dynamic line image in which an actor, a personified frog named Besi, and objects such as a tree or a rock exist. The first goal of our research is to give the machine vision system the capability of understanding what the frog is doing or meanings of its actions.
Blood substitutes (2004)

Oxygen carriers offer a viable alternative to allogeneic transfusion. All oxygen therapeutic agents are not clinically equivalent. Optimal utilization requires a thorough understanding of the therapeutic potentials and adverse effects of the solution being considered for use.
The Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription STAT5b Gene Is a New Partner of Retinoic Acid Receptor   in Acute Promyelocytic-Like Leukaemia (1999)

Acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) exhibits a characteristic t(15;17) translocation that fuses the promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) gene on 15q22 to the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene on 17q12-q21.1. In a small subset of acute promyelocytic-like leukaemias (APL-L), RARA is fused to a different partner: the pro-myelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) gene on 11q23, the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene on 5q35 or the nuclear mitotic apparatus (NuMA) gene on 11q13. We report on the molecular characterization of a RARA gene re-arrangement in a patient with APL-L and demonstrate that the signal transducer and activator of transcription STAT5b gene is fused with RARA. STAT5b belongs to the janus kinase (JAK)-STAT signalling pathway. Remarkably, the STAT5b component of the chimeric protein is delocalized from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where it displays a microspeckled pattern. Therefore, unusual features of this APL-L might result from dysregulation of the JAK/STAT5 signal transducing pathways in the patient leukaemic cells. In this study, we identified STAT5b as a new gene fused to RARA in leukaemia; this is the first human tumour bearing a structurally abnormal STAT gene.
Real-Time Forecasting of EV Charging Station Scheduling for Smart Energy Systems (2017)

The enormous growth in the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs), has laid the path to advancements in the charging infrastructure. Connectivity between charging stations is an essential prerequisite for future EV adoption to alleviate user’s “range anxiety”. The existing charging stations fail to adopt power provision, allocation and scheduling management. To improve the existing charging infrastructure, data based on real-time information and availability of reserves at charging stations could be uploaded to the users to help them locate the nearest charging station for an EV. This research article focuses on an a interactive user application developed through SQL and PHP platform to allocate the charging slots based on estimated battery parameters, which uses data communication with charging stations to receive the slot availability information. The proposed server-based real-time forecast charging infrastructure avoids waiting times and its scheduling management efficiently prevents the EV from halting on the road due to battery drain out. The proposed model is implemented using a low-cost microcontroller and the system etiquette tested.
Modified Scan Flip-Flop for Low Power Testing (2010)

Scanning of test vectors during testing causes unnecessary and excessive switching in the combinational circuit compared to that in the normal operation. In this paper, we propose a modified design of a scan flip-flop which eliminates the power consumed due to unnecessary switching in the combinational circuit during scan shift, with a little impact on performance. The new scan flip-flop disables the slave latch during scan, and uses an alternate low cost dynamic latch in the scan path instead. Methods for generating slave latch disable control signal are also presented.
Sleeping android (2013)

An Android app must be authorized for permissions, defined by the Android platform, in order to access certain capabilities of an Android device. An app developer specifies which permissions an app will require and these permissions must be authorized by the user of the device when the app is installed. Permissions, and the tools that are used to manage them, form the basis of the Android permission architecture, which is an essential part of the access control services provided by the Android platform.
Glucose regulates its transport in L8 myocytes by modulating cellular trafficking of the transporter GLUT-1 (1992)

The effect of culture conditions simulating hypo- and hyper-glycaemia on glucose transport and on the subcellular localization of the glucose transporter GLUT-1 was studied in L8 myocytes. Incubation of the cells with 20 mM-glucose for 25 h decreased the rate of 2-deoxy-D-[3H]glucose (dGlc) uptake to 0.106 +/- 0.016 nmol/min per 10(6) cells compared with 0.212 +/- 0.025 in cells maintained at 2 mM-glucose (final glucose concentrations at the end of the incubation period were 16-17 mM and 0.7-1.0 mM respectively). An additional 5 h incubation of these cells with medium containing the opposite glucose concentration (i.e. change from 17 mM to 1 mM and from 1 mM to 17 mM) increased the transport rate to 0.172 +/- 0.033 nmol/min per 10(6) cells in cultures initially conditioned at high glucose, and decreased the transport to 0.125 +/- 0.029 in those conditioned at low glucose. Plasma-membrane- and microsomal-membrane-enriched fractions were prepared from these cells for [3H]cytochalasin B (CB) binding and Western-blot analysis with antibodies against GLUT-1 and GLUT-4. A decrease in glucose concentration increased the number of D-glucose-displaceable CB-binding sites and GLUT-1 protein in the plasma-membrane fraction to the same extent as the increase in dGlc transport. Under downregulatory conditions, the lower dGlc-transport capacity could be accounted for by a decreased number of transporters in the plasma membrane of the cells. No apparent modification of the intrinsic activity of the glucose transporters was observed in up- or down-regulated cells. Under downregulatory conditions, the CB-binding data indicated a large increase in the number of transporters in the intracellular membranes of the myocytes. Western blots of the same membranes also indicated an increase in GLUT-1 content. However, the interaction of the intracellular GLUT-1 protein with the polyclonal antibodies was much weaker than that of the plasma-membrane-associated GLUT-1. The GLUT-4 concentration was too low to permit quantification in membrane fractions. Our findings suggest that autoregulation of glucose transport in L8 myocytes is accompanied by parallel changes in the number of GLUT-1 transporters in the plasma membrane, and that the rate of transporter degradation may be augmented in the upregulated myocytes. These glucose-induced changes are fully reversible.
Expandable metallic biliary endoprostheses: preliminary clinical evaluation. (1990)

A biliary endoprosthesis constructed of self-expanding metallic "Z" stents was placed in 23 patients with obstructive jaundice. The biliary obstruction was due to a malignant neoplasm in 21 patients and a postoperative biliary stricture in two patients. The lesions affected the intrahepatic biliary ducts in 13 patients. Twelve patients had undergone radiation therapy before stent placement. The endoprostheses consisted of 196 expandable metallic biliary stents placed singly (n = 10) or in tandem (n = 186). As many as 18 stents were used to relieve an obstruction in one patient. A transhepatic approach was employed in all patients except one in whom stents were placed through a T-tube tract. Within 1 week after placement, all stents expanded to at least 90% of their original diameter. Three misplaced, two deformed, and two dislodged stents caused no obvious clinical problems. At follow-up, which ranged from 2 to 59 weeks, five patients experienced recurrent jaundice. Two patients with recurrent jaundice due to obstruction of the bile duct containing the stent were treated with external catheter drainage. The expandable biliary endoprosthesis is suggested as an effective treatment for benign and malignant biliary obstruction.
Towards an integrated modeling and simulation framework for freight transportation in metropolitan areas (2008)

Freight transportation at distribution nodes such as marine ports, airports and rail yards has been putting tremendous environmental pressure in metropolitan areas. A prerequisite for proposing any solution that would make the existing systems more efficient is an accurate analysis and understanding of freight movements. A single model cannot fully capture aspects of freight transportation which interact and affect each other in a complex manner. Rather, integration of a variety of legacy simulation and analysis tools along with holistic optimization is a necessity for freight transportation system design. This paper proposes an integrated modeling and simulation framework for freight transportation using semantic web technology which offers benefits of modularity, extensibility and reusability of both code and design to the applications. We discuss the implementation strategies and methods to achieve these goals and identify some of the key research challenges in realizing our framework vision.
Cs<sub>8−<i>x</i></sub>Si<sub>46</sub>: A Type‐I Clathrate with Expanded Silicon Framework (2009)

The synthesis of the new binary Cs(8-x)Si(46) (shown here) completes the series of binary alkali metal silicides with a clathrate-I structure M(8-x)Si(46) (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs). In contrast with the lighter homologues, Cs(8-x)Si(46) can be prepared only at elevated pressures. The compound was obtained at 1200 degrees C between 2-10 GPa and the Cs content rises with applied pressure.
Quadrupled Compact Disk-Read Only Memory Fabricated Using UV Light Source (1993)

Quadrupled compact disk-read only-memory (CD-ROM) mastering processes with a 363.8 nm UV light source have been developed. The UV light source exposure power for pit formation is less than that for the 457.9 nm conventional light source, because the photoresist exposure characteristic depends on light source wavelength. The fabricated disk exposed by EFM signals with doubled-linear-density CD format has a 0.8 µm track pitch and about 0.25 µm pit width. Under optimum fabrication exposure power for reduced crosstalk and better modulation amplitude, an excellent jitter value, 10 ns, is achieved for the quadrupled CD-ROM.
SLIK: scalable low-latency indexes for a key-value store (2016)

Many large-scale key-value storage systems sacrifice features like secondary indexing and/or consistency in favor of scalability or performance. This limits the ease and efficiency of application development on such systems. Implementing secondary indexing in a large-scale memory based system is challenging because the goals for low latency, high scalability, consistency and high availability often conflict with each other. This paper shows how a large-scale key-value storage system can be extended to provide secondary indexes while meeting those goals. The architecture, called SLIK, enables multiple secondary indexes for each table. SLIK represents index B+ trees using objects in the underlying key-value store. It allows indexes to be partitioned and distributed independently of the data in tables while providing reasonable consistency guarantees using a lightweight ordered write approach. Our implementation of this design on RAMCloud (a main memory key-value store) performs indexed reads in 11 µs and writes in 30 µs. The architecture supports indexes spanning thousands of nodes, and provides linear scalability for throughput.
Arsenic‐Mediated Activation of the Nrf2‐Keap1 Antioxidant Pathway (2012)

Arsenic is present in the environment and has become a worldwide health concern due to its toxicity and carcinogenicity. However, the specific mechanism(s) by which arsenic elicits its toxic effects has yet to be fully elucidated. The transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) has been recognized as the master regulator of a cellular defense mechanism against toxic insults. This review highlights studies demonstrating that arsenic activates the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway by a distinct mechanism from that of natural compounds such as sulforaphane (SF) found in broccoli sprouts or tert-butylhyrdoquinone (tBHQ), a natural antioxidant commonly used as a food preservative. Evidence also suggests that arsenic prolongs Nrf2 activation and may mimic constitutive activation of Nrf2, which has been found in several human cancers due to disruption of the Nrf2-Keap1 axis. The current literature strongly suggests that activation of Nrf2 by arsenic potentially contributes to, rather than protects against, arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity. The mechanism(s) by which known Nrf2 activators, such as the natural chemopreventive compounds SF and lipoic acid, protect against the deleterious effects caused by arsenic will also be discussed. These findings will provide insight to further understand how arsenic promotes a prolonged Nrf2 response, which will lead to the identification of novel molecular markers and development of rational therapies for the prevention or intervention of arsenic-induced diseases. The National Institute of Environmental Health Science (NIEHS) Outstanding New Environmental Scientist (ONES) award has provided the opportunity to review the progress both in the fields of arsenic toxicology and Nrf2 biology. Much of the funding has led to (1) the novel discovery that arsenic activates the Nrf2 pathway by a mechanism different to that of other Nrf2 activators, such as sulforaphane and tert-butylhydroquinone, (2) activation of Nrf2 by chemopreventive compounds protects against arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity both in vitro and in vivo, (3) constitutive activation of Nrf2 by disrupting Keap1-mediated negative regulation contributes to cancer and chemoresistance, (4) p62-mediated sequestration of Keap1 activates the Nrf2 pathway, and (5) arsenic-mediated Nrf2 activation may be through a p62-dependent mechanism. All of these findings have been published and are discussed in this review. This award has laid the foundation for my laboratory to further investigate the molecular mechanism(s) that regulate the Nrf2 pathway and how it may play an integral role in arsenic toxicity. Moreover, understanding the biology behind arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity will help in the discovery of potential strategies to prevent or control arsenic-mediated adverse effects.
Characterization of mutations located in exon 18 of the <i>CFTR</i> gene (1998)

In order to get a better insight into the function of amino acid residues located in the second transmembrane domain of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, all exon 18 mutations found in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were characterized at the protein and at the electrophysiological level. Of the different mutations present in transmembrane helix 12 (M1137V, M1137R, I11139V and deltaM1140), and the intracytoplasmic loop connecting TM12 and NBD2 (D1152H and D1154G), only M1137R interfered with the proper maturation of the protein. Permeability studies performed after injection of the different wild-type and mutant cRNAs in Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that the mutations did not alter the permeability sequence of the CFTR channels. The whole cell cAMP activated chloride currents, however, were significantly reduced for M1137V, I1139V, D1152H and D1154G and close to zero for deltaM1140, indicating that these mutations interfere with the proper gating of the chloride channels.
Formation of Mesoporous Silica Nanotubes (2000)

Mesoporous silica ropes and pillar-within-hollow gyroidal spheres with highly ordered nanostructure have been synthesized through acid and ammonia hydrothermal treatment. Along with hierarchical structures, mesoporous tubules and myelin fingers, such as that shown in the Figure, spontaneously form from the silica ropes or on the shell of the hollow gyroidal spheres.
A facial image synthesis system for human-machine interface (2003)

The authors introduce a 'face' interface which is a user-friendly human-machine interface with multi-media and can realize a face-to-face communication environment between the operator and the machine. In this system, a human face appears on the display of the machine and it can talk to the operator with a natural voice. This paper describes the face motion and expression synthesis schemes which can be applied to this 'face' interface. The authors express a human head with a 3D model. The surface model is built by texture mapping with a 2D real image. All the motions and expressions are synthesized and controlled automatically by the movement of some feature points on the model. This 'face' interface is one of the applications of the model based image coding and media conversion schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>