gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bufferless broadcasting: a low power distributed circuit technique for broadcasting 10-Gb/s chip input signals (1997)

Bufferless distributed circuit (BDC) broadcasting is proposed as a technique for broadcasting high-speed chip input signals to a series of on-chip destination cells as needed in crosspoint switch, parallel multiplier, distributed amplifier, etc., chip designs. In contrast with conventional techniques that use an on-chip buffer to assist broadcasting, BDC broadcasting offers the advantage of lower signal delay and power dissipation. In an experimental GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) 8/spl times/4 crosspoint switch assembly, BDC broadcasting was found to achieve a 40% power savings with little or no penalty in jitter or bit error rate performance at a 10-Gb/s data rate.
Wireless Networked Omni-directional Video Distribution System Based on Delay Tolerant Network on Disaster Environment (2013)

In this paper, we introduce Wireless Networked Omni-directional video collect and distribution System for both normal and challenged network environment. Omni directional video camera is used to capture the 360 degree of surround image with various sensor including GPS location, 3-densional gyro-sensor, temperature sensor data. Those data are transmitted to all of the users through Web system. In normal network condition, the conventional IP protocol over mobile network or wireless network are used to access to Web server through Internet. The delay tolerant network protocol (DTN) is used between the vehicles and the web server to support challenged network environment such as mountain road and disaster area. The user can see the live video and recorded video along the road with 360 degree surround on GIS map as Web services. The system configuration and architecture are explained and a prototype system is constructed to evaluate the functional and performance. Through the performance evaluation, the usefulness and effects of the proposed system is validated.
A deforming sensing surface for evaluation of contact conditions (2002)

Presents a novel tactile sensing surface that can be used to measure the position and magnitude of point contact forces and to identify the size of contact shapes. The surface is of simple construction, applies a low number of sensing positions and a computational interpretation scheme. Experimental demonstration devices have been manufactured and use a polypropylene surface with non-contact infra-red sensors incorporated to detect the deflection of the surface. Interpretation methods described are based on simple algorithms such as neural networks and a ratio function. Accuracy is within 5% of full positional range. The method can determine force levels to within a tolerance of 0.5 N. Position and force measurement are possible with a minimum of four infra-red transducers strategically placed to reflect light from the deflecting surface. This provides a basis for low cost data entry interfaces in applications, such as keypads for control surfaces where sterility is important, and surgical operating theatre applications are an example. Safety-critical applications may benefit from the capabilities of this technology to include redundancy by incorporation of additional transducers for measuring deflection.
Quantifying Intracranial Aneurysm Wall Permeability for Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI: A Pilot Study (2015)

We report the first evidence of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging-modeled contrast permeability in intracranial aneurysms. We found that contrast agent permeability across the aneurysm wall correlated significantly with both aneurysm size and size-independent anatomic risk factors. In addition, K(trans) was a significant and size-independent predictor of morphologically and clinically defined high-risk aneurysms.
A Simple Thermodynamical Theory for Dust Devils (1998)

Based on the heat engine framework, a simple scaling theory for dust devils is proposed and compared to observations. This theory provides a simple physical interpretation for many of the observed characteristics of dust devils. In particular, it predicts the potential intensity and the diurnal variation of dust devil occurrence. It also predicts that the intensity of dust devils depends on the product of two thermodynamic efficiencies, corresponding respectively to vertical and horizontal temperature gradients.
Collagenase‐Cleavable Peptide Amphiphile Micelles as a Novel Theranostic Strategy in Atherosclerosis (2020)

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by plaques that can cause sudden myocardial infarction upon rupture. Such rupture-prone plaques have thin fibrous caps due to collagenase degradation, and a noninvasive diagnostic tool and targeted therapy that can identify and treat vulnerable plaques and may inhibit the onset of acute cardiac events. Toward this goal, monocyte-binding, collagenase-inhibiting, and gadolinium-modified peptide amphiphile micelles (MCG PAMs) are developed. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) binds to C-C chemokine receptor-2 expressed on pathological cell types present within plaques. Through the peptide binding motif of MCP-1, MCG PAMs bind to monocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Moreover, using magnetic resonance imaging, MCG PAMs show enhanced targeting and successful detection of plaques in diseased mice in vivo and act as contrast agents for molecular imaging. Through the collagenase-cleaving peptide sequence of collagen [VPMS-MRGG], MCG PAMs can compete for collagenases that degrade the fibrous cap of plaques, providing therapy. MCG PAM-treated mice show increased fibrous cap thickness by 61% and 113% histologically compared to nontargeting micelle- or PBS-treated mice (<i>p</i> = 0.0075 and 0.001, respectively). Overall, this novel multimodal nanoparticle offers new theranostic opportunities for noninvasive diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerotic plaques.
Automated Template-Based Hippocampal Segmentations from MRI: The Effects of 1.5T or 3T Field Strength on Accuracy (2014)

Hippocampal volumetric measures may be useful for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and disease tracking; however, manual segmentation of the hippocampus is labour-intensive. Therefore, automated techniques are necessary for large studies and to make hippocampal measures feasible for clinical use. As large studies and clinical centres are moving from using 1.5 Tesla (T) scanners to higher field strengths it is important to assess whether specific image processing techniques can be used at these field strengths. This study investigated whether an automated hippocampal segmentation technique (HMAPS: hippocampal multi-atlas propagation and segmentation) and volume change measures (BSI: boundary shift integral) were as accurate at 3T as at 1.5T. Eighteen Alzheimer's disease patients and 18 controls with 1.5T and 3T scans at baseline and 12-month follow-up were used from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort. Baseline scans were segmented manually and using HMAPS and their similarity was measured by the Jaccard index. BSIs were calculated for serial image pairs. We calculated pair-wise differences between manual and HMAPS rates at 1.5T and 3T and compared the SD of these differences at each field strength. The difference in mean Jaccards (manual and HMAPS) between 1.5T and 3T was small with narrow confidence intervals (CIs) and did not appear to be segmentor dependent. The SDs of the difference between volumes from manual and automated segmentations were similar at 1.5T and 3T, with a relatively narrow CI for their ratios. The SDs of the difference between BSIs from manual and automated segmentations were also similar at 1.5T and 3T but with a wider CI for their ratios. This study supports the use of our automated hippocampal voluming methods, developed using 1.5T images, with 3T images.
DNA sequence recognition by the indolocarbazole antitumor antibiotic AT2433-B1 and its diastereoisomer (2002)

The antibiotic AT2433-B1 belongs to a therapeutically important class of antitumor agents. This natural product contains an indolocarbazole aglycone connected to a unique disaccharide consisting of a methoxyglucose and an amino sugar subunit, 2,4-dideoxy-4-methylamino-L-xylose. The configuration of the amino sugar distinguishes AT2433-B1 from its diastereoisomer iso-AT2433-B1. Here we have investigated the interaction of these two disaccharide indolocarbazole derivatives with different DNA sequences by means of DNase I footprinting and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Accurate binding measurements performed at 4 and 25 degrees C using the BIAcore SPR method revealed that AT2433-B1 binds considerably more tightly to a hairpin oligomer containing a [CG](4) block than to an oligomer with a central [AT](4) tract. The kinetic analysis shows that the antibiotic dissociates much more slowly from the GC sequence compared to the AT one. Preferential binding of AT2433-B1 to GC-rich sequences in DNA was independently confirmed by DNase I footprinting experiments performed with a 117 bp DNA restriction fragment. The specific binding sequence 5'-AACGCCAG identified from the footprints was then converted into a biotin-labeled DNA hairpin duplex and compound interactions with this specific sequence were characterized by high resolution BIAcore SPR experiments. Such a combined approach provided a detailed understanding of the molecular basis of DNA recognition. The discovery that the glycosyl antibiotic AT2433-B1 preferentially recognizes defined sequences offers novel opportunities for the future design of sequence-specific DNA-reading small molecules.
Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-Toluene Diisocyanate. (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVapor-Liquid Equilibria for Mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-Toluene Diisocyanate.H. ColeCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Chem. Eng. Data Series 1958, 3, 2, 213–215Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i460004a007https://doi.org/10.1021/i460004a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A Practical Synthesis of Nitrocefin (2004)

Nitrocefin is a key reagent for high and low throughput assays of the activities of penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and beta-lactamases, the former used for discovery of antibiotics and the latter for inhibitors of resistance determinants for beta-lactam antibiotics. This compound is commercially available but is prohibitively expensive because of the circuitous routes to its synthesis. We describe herein a three-step synthesis of nitrocefin that gives an overall yield of 44%. This is a practical route to the synthesis of this key reagent for drug discovery.
Regional and laminar distribution of the dopamine and serotonin innervation in the macaque cerebral cortex: A radioautographic study (1988)

The regional density and laminar distribution of dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) afferents were investigated in the cerebral cortex of cynomolgus monkeys using a radioautographic technique that is based on the high affinity uptake capacity of these aminergic neurons. Large vibratome sections, 50 micron thick, were incubated with [3H] DA (0.2 microM) and desipramine (5 microM) or with unlabeled norepinephrine (5 microM) and [3H] 5-HT (0.6 microM), which allowed for the specific labeling of the DA and 5-HT innervations, respectively. After fixation, these sections were dried, defatted, and radioautographed by dipping. Semiquantitative data on the DA innervation also were provided by counting [3H] DA-labeled axonal varicosities in radioautographs from 4-micron-thick sections of the slices obtained after epon embedding. The DA innervation was widespread and differed in density and laminar distribution in the agranular and granular cortices. DA afferents were densest in the anterior cingulate (area 24) and the motor areas (areas 4, 6, and supplementary motor area [SMA]). In the latter they displayed a trilaminar pattern of distribution, predominating in layers I, IIIa, and V-VI, with characteristic cluster-like formations in layer IIIa, especially in the medial part of motor areas. In the granular prefrontal (areas 46, 9, 10, 11, 12), parietal (areas 1, 2, 3, 5, 7), temporal (areas 21, 22), and posterior cingulate (area 23) cortices, DA afferents were less dense and showed a bilaminar pattern of distribution, predominating in the depth of layer I and in layers V-VI; density in layers II, III, and IV was only 20% of that in layer I. The lowest density was in the visual cortex, particularly in area 17, where the DA afferents were almost restricted to layer I. The density of 5-HT innervation was generally greater than that of DA except in the motor areas and in the anterior cingulate cortex. Region-specific laminar patterns characterized (1) motor areas where a lower density in layer III contrasted with the clusters of DA axons in the same layer; (2) the primary visual cortex (area 17), where two bands of higher density in layers III-IV and layer V outlined a poorly innervated zone in layer IVc-beta; (3) the peristriate area 18, where the 5-HT network was relatively loose but with a denser band in layer III. Thus, DA innervation of the cerebral cortex displays major differences between rodents and primates, characterized by expanded cortical targets and by a highly differentiated laminar distribution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Learning nonparametric policies by imitation (2008)

A long cherished goal in artificial intelligence has been the ability to endow a robot with the capacity to learn and generalize skills from watching a human teacher. Such an ability to learn by imitation has remained hard to achieve due to a number of factors, including the problem of learning in high-dimensional spaces and the problem of uncertainty. In this paper, we propose a new probabilistic approach to the problem of teaching a high degree-of-freedom robot (in particular, a humanoid robot) flexible and generalizable skills via imitation of a human teacher. The robot uses inference in a graphical model to learn sensor-based dynamics and infer a stable plan from a teacherpsilas demonstration of an action. The novel contribution of this work is a method for learning a nonparametric policy which generalizes a fixed action plan to operate over a continuous space of task variation. A notable feature of the approach is that it does not require any knowledge of the physics of the robot or the environment. By leveraging advances in probabilistic inference and Gaussian process regression, the method produces a nonparametric policy for sensor-based feedback control in continuous state and action spaces. We present experimental and simulation results using a Fujitsu HOAP-2 humanoid robot demonstrating imitation-based learning of a task involving lifting objects of different weights from a single human demonstration.
재래식 메주의 발효과정에 있어서 단백질 및 아미노산 조성 변화 (1986)

재래식 메주의 발효과정에 있어서 단백질 및 아미노산 조성의 변화를 체계적으로 규명하기 위하여 gel-filtration 및 아미노산 자동분석기기로 분석하였다. 재래식 메주의 단백질을 분별정량한 결과 수용성 단백질은 4주때 36.4%, glutelin은 삶은 대두에서 29.6%였으며 발효시간이 경과함에 따라 수용성 단백질은 4주까지 차차 증가하였으나 globulin과 prolamin은 큰 변화가 없었다. Sephadex G-200으로 수용성 단백질이 분획되었으나 4주 때부터 새로운 저분자의 단백질이 분획되었다 발효과정중에 있어서 주단백질의 분자량은 66,000이었다. 재래식 메주의 발효과정에 있어서 아미노산은 17종류로써 glutamic acid가 87.97~317.10mM로써 가장 많았고 그 다음으로 aspartic acid, glycine 순이었다. 단백질분해역가는 시간이 경과함에 따라 차차 증가하는 4주때 가장 높았다.
Review of plane grating focusing for soft x-ray monochromators (1995)

During the last 10 years various types of soft x-ray monochromators have been developed, which are optically based on the plane grating focusing condition introduced in 1980. These instruments as well as those using the original 1980 optical configuration are reviewed and compared to the other type of high performance soft x-ray grating monochromator, the Rowland circle based spherical grating monochromator (SGM). Performance data of a plane grating monochromator (HE-PGM-3), which was recently commissioned at BESSY and which offers a broad spectral range (40–2000 eV) and very high spectral resolution (up to E/ΔE∼10 000) are given in more detail. The performance of grating and crystal monochromators is compared in the 1–2 keV photon energy range.
Determination of trace sulfur in fat by combustion and reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of trace sulfur in fat by combustion and reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfideEldon L. Pippen and E. P. MecchiCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1970, 18, 2, 301–305Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60168a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60168a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views36Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Role of the N-terminal Domain of the Complement Fragment Receptor C5L2 in Ligand Binding (2006)

C5L2 is a new cellular receptor found to interact with the human anaphylatoxins complement factor C5a and its C-terminal cleavage product C5a des Arg. The classical human C5a receptor (C5aR) preferentially binds C5a, with a 10-100-fold lower affinity for C5a des Arg. In contrast, C5L2 binds both ligands with nearly equal affinity. C5aR presents acidic and tyrosine residues in its N terminus that interact with the core of C5a while a hydrophobic pocket formed by the transmembrane helices interacts with residues in the C terminus of C5a. Here, we have investigated the molecular basis for the increased affinity of C5L2 for C5a des Arg. Rat and mouse C5L2 preferentially bound C5a des Arg, whereas rodent C5aR showed much higher affinity for intact C5a. Effective peptidic and non-peptidic ligands for the transmembrane hydrophobic pocket of C5aR were poor inhibitors of ligand binding to C5L2. An antibody raised against the N terminus of human C5L2 did not affect the binding of C5a to C5L2 but did inhibit C5a des Arg binding. A chimeric C5L2, containing the N terminus of C5aR, had little effect on the affinity for C5a des Arg. Mutation of acidic and tyrosine residues in the N terminus of human C5L2 revealed that 3 residues were critical for C5a des Arg binding but had little involvement in C5a binding. C5L2 thus appears to bind C5a and C5a des Arg by different mechanisms, and, unlike C5aR, C5L2 uses critical residues in its N-terminal domain for binding only to C5a des Arg.
Membrane factors responsible for homologous species restriction of complement-mediated lysis: evidence for a factor other than DAF operating at the stage of C8 and C9. (1986)

Species-restricted lysis of complement refers to the relative inefficiency of complement to lyse cells from the homologous species. Restriction occurs at least at the steps involving C3/C5 convertase formation and the C9 insertion phase of the complement cascade, and is presumed to be mediated by inhibitory factors in the target cell membrane. In this study, we have examined whether decay accelerating factor (DAF), a membrane protein known to modulate C3/C5 convertase activities on cell surfaces, acts as a regulatory protein in species-restricted lysis of human erythrocyte (E). The role of DAF was assessed in homologous lysis by the classic pathway, in reactive lysis, and in lytic steps requiring C8 and C9. The results indicated that DAF participated in regulating C3/C5 deposition on the surface of homologous E, but had no effect on homologous restriction in reactive lysis and in the reaction of C8 and C9 with antibody-sensitized E C1-7. Treatment of E with pronase or with dithiothreitol (DTT) abolished the restricting effect of homologous C8/C9, indicating that species-restricted lysis by C5b-9 involves membrane factor(s) sensitive to pronase and DTT.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide attenuates brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway (2017)

Replenishment of NAD<sup>+</sup> has been shown to protect against brain disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and ischemic stroke. However, whether this intervention has therapeutic effects in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is unknown. In this study, we sought to determine the potential therapeutic value of replenishment of NAD<sup>+</sup> in ICH. In a collagenase-induced ICH (cICH) mouse model, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key intermediate of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>) biosynthesis, was administrated at 30 minutes post cICH from tail vein to replenish NAD<sup>+</sup>. NMN treatment did not decrease hematoma volume and hemoglobin content. However, NMN treatment significantly reduced brain edema, brain cell death, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression, microglia activation and neutrophil infiltration in brain hemorrhagic area. Mechanistically, NMN enhanced the expression of two cytoprotective proteins: heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2). Moreover, NMN increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 for its activation. Finally, a prolonged NMN treatment for 7 days markedly promoted the recovery of body weight and neurological function. These results demonstrate that NMN treats brain injury in ICH by suppressing neuroinflammation/oxidative stress. The activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway may contribute to the neuroprotection of NMN in ICH.