gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conformational transitions of cyclic adenosine monophosphate receptor protein of Escherichia coli. Fluorescent probe study (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational transitions of cyclic adenosine monophosphate receptor protein of Escherichia coli. Fluorescent probe studyFelicia Y. H. Wu, Kamalendu Nath, and Cheng-Wen WuCite this: Biochemistry 1974, 13, 12, 2567–2572Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00709a015RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views82Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (661 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Signal‐Based Performance Evaluation of Dereverberation Algorithms (2010)

We address the measurement of reverberation in terms of the (DRR) in the context of the assessment of dereverberation algorithms for which we wish to quantify the level of reverberation before and after processing. The DRR is normally calculated from the impulse response of the reverberating system. However, several important dereverberation algorithms involve nonlinear and/or time‐varying processing and therefore their effect cannot conveniently be represented in terms of modifications to the impulse response of the reverberating system. In such cases, we show that a good estimate of DRR can be obtained from the input/output signals alone using the Signal‐to‐Reverberant Ratio (SRR) only if the source signal is spectrally white and correctly normalized. We study alternative normalization schemes and conclude by showing a least squares optimal normalization procedure for estimating DRR using signal‐based SRR measurement. Simulation results illustrate the accuracy of DRR estimation using SRR.
Synthetic Versus Mineral Fluids in Lubrication (1987)

Deciding whether to choose a synthetic lubricant or a mineral oil is governed by two factors: Can the initially more expensive synthetic save money in the long run or can it provide some key performance characteristic not obtainable with a mineral oil? This paper reviews the physical and chemical differences between synthetic and mineral oils in the context of lubricant performance and discusses the characteristics of three major classes of synthetics, hydrocarbons, esters and polyglycols, and four minor classes. Performance benefits which can make a synthetic the best choice for many applications are improved energy efficiency, wider operating temperature range, increased design ratings, reduced maintenance costs, better reliability and safer operation. Each of these benefits is discussed in terms of physical and chemical property differences between minerals and synthetics.
Implications of Plasma  9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, 11-Hydroxy-THC, and 11-nor-9-Carboxy-THC Concentrations in Chronic Cannabis Smokers (2009)

Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is commonly found in toxicological specimens from driving under the influence and accident investigations. Plasma cannabinoid concentrations were determined in 18 long-term heavy cannabis smokers residing on an in-patient research unit for seven days of monitored abstinence. THC, 11-hydroxy-THC, and 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) were quantified by two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with cryofocusing. THC concentrations were > 1 ng/mL in nine (50.0%) participants (1.2-5.5 ng/mL) on abstinence day 7. THCCOOH was detected (2.8-45.6 ng/mL) in all participants on study day 7. THC and THCCOOH median percent concentration decreases (n = 18) were 39.5% and 72.9% from day 1 to 7, respectively. Most (88.9%) of the participants had at least one specimen with increased THC compared to the previous day. Cannabis use duration and plasma THCCOOH concentrations were positively correlated on days 1-3 (R = 0.584-0.610; p = 0.007-0.011). There were no significant correlations between THC concentrations > 0.25 ng/mL and body mass index on days 1-7 (R = -0.234-0.092; p = 0.350-0.766). Measurable THC concentrations after seven days of abstinence indicate a potential mechanism for residual neurocognitive impairment observed in chronic cannabis users. THC's presence in plasma for seven days of abstinence suggests its detection may not indicate recent use in daily cannabis users.
Night-Time Traffic in Urban Areas: A Literature Review on Road User Aspects (2009)

The aim of this literature study is to review recent research on night-time traffic from a road user perspective. The report discusses road users' behaviour, needs and problems in relation to other road users as well as to traffic environment. The study includes 128 references from 1998-2008 and it mainly concerns urban areas. The report begins with a chapter about accident statistics, followed by a theoretical background that includes lighting terminology, Swedish regulations on road equipment, and the human eye and night vision. The main part of the report has its focus on five road user groups - drivers, pedestrians, bicyclists, older people and visually impaired people - and their needs, difficulties, performances and behaviour in night-time traffic. The literature gives relatively much information about drivers' situation in night-time traffic, but there is a lack of knowledge in some areas such as drivers' interaction with parts of the driving environment. Also, there is partly a lack of knowledge on pedestrians and older road users. Regarding bicyclists and visually impaired people, there is only very limited literature available.
Presynaptic NMDA autoreceptors facilitate axon excitability: a new molecular target for the anticonvulsant gabapentin (2005)

Gabapentin is a drug with anticonvulsant and analgesic properties causing the reduction of neurotransmitter release. We show that one of the mechanisms implicated in this effect of gabapentin is the reduction of the axon excitability measured as an amplitude change of the presynaptic fibre volley (FV) in the CA1 area of rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, we found that gabapentin-induced depression of FV is mimicked and occluded by NMDA receptor (NMDA-R) antagonists, indicating that these receptors are located presynaptically and are activated by ambient levels of glutamate. Conversely, NMDA application (20 microM, 10 min) elicits a reversible FV potentiation which is reduced by gabapentin. Both NMDA- and gabapentin-induced FV changes are partially explained by modifications in the firing threshold of individual fibres. Increasing [K(+)](o) does not mimic or occlude (at a concentration of 6.5 mM) the effect of NMDA on FV amplitude, which makes it unlikely that a rise in [K(+)](o) induced by NMDA receptor activation could indirectly participate in the potentiation of the FV. The NMDA-induced FV potentiation is independent of extracellular calcium presence but is completely inhibited in a low-Na(+) solution (50% reduction) or under NMDA channel block (high Mg(2+) or MK 801). These findings suggest that sodium entry through presynaptic NMDA-R channels facilitates axon excitability. The interaction of gabapentin with this newly described mechanism might contribute to its therapeutic benefits.
Stimulation‐Dependent Effect of Antiepileptic Drugs in Amygdala Kindled Rats on Both Seizure Score and Duration of Afterdischarges (1994)

The ED50 for abolition of generalized seizures and reduction of afterdischarges to 20% of the control duration was determined in kindled rats for phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproic acid, clonazepam, and diazepam, both at a stimulation intensity of 200 microA and at 10 microA above the threshold for generalized seizures (threshold stimulation). Phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and valproic acid acted in a stimulus-dependent manner, i.e. the ED50 was higher at 200 microA than at threshold stimulation. Phenytoin had the same ED50 irrespective of the stimulus intensity. Generalized seizures and afterdischarges were suppressed by the same doses of the drugs mentioned. The benzodiazepines, clonazepam and diazepam, had a differential effect: they suppressed generalized seizures at low doses, whereas afterdischarges were only suppressed incompletely at relatively high doses. The ED50 of both benzodiazepines was independent of stimulus intensity. In order to avoid erroneous conclusions a standardization of kindling parameters, especially stimulation intensity, is proposed when drug effects are to be compared.
Monocyte Integrin Expression And Monocyte–Platelet Complex Formation In Humans With Coronary Restenosis (2001)

1. In the present study, we sought to determine whether patients with restenosis after coronary stenting possess increased monocyte reactivity, as manifested by a higher level of adhesion molecule expression and an enhanced propensity to form monocyte-platelet aggregates after activation in vitro. 2. Anti-coagulated peripheral venous blood from 24 patients, 10 with and 14 without angiographically verified restenosis, was obtained. Leucocyte antigen expression and the number of leucocyte-platelet complexes were measured by flow cytometry after activation in whole blood. 3. Surface integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) and VLA-4 (CD49d/ CD29) expression on monocytes and the relative number of monocyte-platelet complexes after in vitro activation were significantly elevated in patients with restenosis compared with patients without restenosis (fluorescence intensities of 1425 +/- 76 vs 1195 +/- 71, 87 +/- 7 vs 65 +/- 6 and 47 +/- 4 vs 29 +/- 3% for for Mac-1, VLA-4 and monocyte-platelet complexes, respectively; P < 0.05 for each parameter). 4. The results suggest that restenosis is associated with increased monocyte VLA-4 and Mac-1 integrin expression and monocyte-platelet complex formation, which can be revealed after activation in vitro.
Transfer learning with deep convolutional neural network for liver steatosis assessment in ultrasound images (2018)

The proposed approach may help the sonographers automatically diagnose the amount of fat in the liver. The presented approach is efficient and in comparison with other methods does not require the sonographers to select the region of interest.
Feedforward semantic segmentation with zoom-out features (2015)

We introduce a purely feed-forward architecture for semantic segmentation. We map small image elements (superpixels) to rich feature representations extracted from a sequence of nested regions of increasing extent. These regions are obtained by “zooming out” from the superpixel all the way to scene-level resolution. This approach exploits statistical structure in the image and in the label space without setting up explicit structured prediction mechanisms, and thus avoids complex and expensive inference. Instead superpixels are classified by a feedforward multilayer network. Our architecture achieves 69.6% average accuracy on the PASCAL VOC 2012 test set.
A self-adjusting sinusoidal power source suitable for driving capacitive loads (2006)

A new self-adjusting current-fed push–pull parallel inverter (SA–CFPPRI) is presented and tested by simulation and experimentally. The power source includes a soft switching control circuitry and a controllable inductor. The SA–CFPPRI can drive a capacitive load at any frequency within the design range. It will maintain zero voltage switching of the main transistors and follow the input frequency signal even when the resonant elements and/or the load vary. Possible range of applications for the proposed power source is: piezoelectric transformers and motors, ac bus for a distributed power system and other loads that need to be fed by a sinusoidal waveform. The experimental results of the laboratory unit (160 Vrms at 93 kHz and nominal output power of 5W) verify the analytical analysis and proposed design procedure.
Profiling substrate fluxes in the isolated working mouse heart using<sup>13</sup>C-labeled substrates: focusing on the origin and fate of pyruvate and citrate carbons (2004)

The availability of genetically modified mice requires the development of methods to assess heart function and metabolism in the intact beating organ. With the use of radioactive substrates and ex vivo perfusion of the mouse heart in the working mode, previous studies have documented glucose and fatty acid oxidation pathways. This study was aimed at characterizing the metabolism of other potentially important exogenous carbohydrate sources, namely, lactate and pyruvate. This was achieved by using (13)C-labeling methods. The mouse heart perfusion setup and buffer composition were optimized to reproduce conditions close to the in vivo milieu in terms of workload, cardiac functions, and substrate-hormone supply to the heart (11 mM glucose, 0.8 nM insulin, 50 microM carnitine, 1.5 mM lactate, 0.2 mM pyruvate, 5 nM epinephrine, 0.7 mM oleate, and 3% albumin). The use of three differentially (13)C-labeled carbohydrates and a (13)C-labeled long-chain fatty acid allowed the quantitative assessment of the metabolic origin and fate of tissue pyruvate as well as the relative contribution of substrates feeding acetyl-CoA (pyruvate and fatty acids) and oxaloacetate (pyruvate) for mitochondrial citrate synthesis. Beyond concurring with the notion that the mouse heart preferentially uses fatty acids for energy production (63.5 +/- 3.9%) and regulates its fuel selection according to the Randle cycle, our study reports for the first time in the mouse heart the following findings. First, exogenous lactate is the major carbohydrate contributing to pyruvate formation (42.0 +/- 2.3%). Second, lactate and pyruvate are constantly being taken up and released by the heart, supporting the concept of compartmentation of lactate and glucose metabolism. Finally, mitochondrial anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylation and citrate efflux represent 4.9 +/- 1.8 and 0.8 +/- 0.1%, respectively, of the citric acid cycle flux and are modulated by substrate supply. The described (13)C-labeling strategy combined with an experimental setup that enables continuous monitoring of physiological parameters offers a unique model to clarify the link between metabolic alterations, cardiac dysfunction, and disease development.
A Multifaceted Study on Eye Contact based Speaker Identification in Three-party Conversations (2017)

To precisely understand human gaze behaviors in three-party conversations, this work is dedicated to look into whether the speaker can be reliably identified from the interlocutors in a three-party conversation on the basis of the interactive behaviors of eye contact, where speech signals are not provided. Derived from a pre-recorded, multimodal, and three-party conversational behavior dataset, a statistical framework is pro- posed to determine who is the speaker from the interactive behaviors of eye contact. Additionally, with the aid of virtual human technologies, a user study is conducted to study whether subjects are capable of distinguishing the speaker from the listeners according to the gaze behaviors of the interlocutors alone. Our results show that eye contact provides a reliable cue for the identification of the speaker in three-party conversations.
Analytical and experimental study of axisymmetric truncated plug nozzle flow fields (1972)

Experimental and analytical investigation of the flow field and base pressure of internal-external-expansion truncated plug nozzles are discussed. Experimental results for two axisymmetric, conical plug-cylindrical shroud, truncated plug nozzles are presented for both open and closed wake operations. These results include extensive optical and pressure data covering nozzle flow field and base pressure characteristics, diffuser effects, lip shock strength, Mach disc behaviour, and the recompression and reverse flow regions. Transonic experiments for a special planar transonic section are presented. An extension of the analytical method of Hall and Mueller to include the internal shock wave from the shroud exit is presented for closed wake operation. Results of this analysis include effects on the flow field and base pressure of ambient pressure ratio, nozzle geometry, and the ratio of specific heats. Static thrust is presented as a function of ambient pressure ratio and nozzle geometry. A new transonic solution method is also presented.
Block Copolymer Templated Etching on Silicon (2007)

The use of self-assembled polymer structures to direct the formation of mesoscopic (1-100 nm) features on silicon could provide a fabrication-compatible means to produce nanoscale patterns, supplementing conventional lithographic techniques. Here we demonstrate nanoscale etching of silicon, applying standard aqueous-based fluoride etchants, to produce three-dimensional nanoscale features with controllable shapes, sizes, average spacing, and chemical functionalization. The block copolymers serve to direct the silicon surface chemistry by controlling the spatial location of the reaction as well as concentration of reagents. The interiors of the resulting etched nanoscale features may be selectively functionalized with organic monolayers, metal nanoparticles, and other materials, leading to a range of ordered arrays on silicon.
Relationship Between Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cirrhosis (1984)

The precise nature of the relationship between cirrhosis and HCC remains to be elucidated. However, it seems likely that no single explanation will cover the various forms the association takes in different parts of the world. In the high HCC incidence regions of sub- Saharan Africa and the Far East, an etiology common to the two disorders, HBV and possibly other hepatitis viruses, seems to account for the majority of cases. The role of aflatoxin in these areas is uncertain because it appears not to cause cirrhosis in man. In populations in which HCC is uncommon, alcoholic cirrhosis is the most frequent association of HCC. There is no convincing evidence to support a shared etiology in this situation because alcohol has not thus far been proved to be directly oncogenic for the liver. Possibly, cirrhosis renders the hepatocytes more susceptible to environmental carcinogenic factors. The same explanation may apply to hemochromatosis. There is at present little evidence for the postulate that HCC is an inevitable consequence of the hyperplasia of cirrhosis.
A sense amplifier for a low clock capacitance 16K CCD memory (1976)

TO AVOID the problems associated with the large clock capacitance of synchronous, multiphase CCD memory organizations, a 16,384-bit CCD memory chip' has bcen designed,using a new clocking approach. This memory has one phase biased to an intermediate voltage, while the other phase is clocked to higher and lower potentials. The principle rcduction in clock capacitance is achieved by organizing the memory as a Line Addressable Random Access Memory (LARAM). Since in this organization only one line is clocked at any one time,the lines in a block share a common input bus @x and a common sense amplifier.
An investigation into the prescribing patterns of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in South Africa (1996)

The primary aim of the study was to investigate the prescribing patterns of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) used on a chronic basis in a defined South African patient population, and to calculate the average prescribed daily doses (PDDs) of selected SSRIs. Prescription data for 2117 patients from various medical schemes who were using antidepressant drugs on a chronic basis were analysed retrospectively. More than 70% of all the patients using antidepressants were females. The tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and the SSRIs accounted for approximately 75% of all the antidepressants prescribed. The average age of the patients using SSRIs was 48.1 years (SD = 13.4 years). Fluoxetine was the most frequently prescribed SSRI, accounting for 63.3% of all SSRI prescriptions and 21.9% of all antidepressant prescriptions. The average PDDs of citalopram (23.9 mg), fluoxetine (21.7 mg) and paroxetine (21.1 mg) were slightly higher than their defined daily doses (20 mg for all three drugs). The average PDD of fluvoxamine (93.5 mg) was lower than the DDD (150 mg), but was still within an acceptable dose range. It was concluded that fluoxetine was clearly the drug of choice in treating chronic depression in this patient sample, and that the PDDs used in the patient population studied were in agreement with local and internationally acceptable dosage ranges.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of schizophrenic patients and comparison subjects during word production (1996)

These preliminary data suggest that functional MRI has the sensitivity to detect differences in activation between comparison subjects and schizophrenic patients during higher cortical functions. These findings are in agreement with PET studies that reported reduced left frontal activation during challenge paradigms for the schizophrenic patients.
LIDAR-based dynamic environment modeling and tracking using particles based occupancy grid (2016)

Due to the complexity of environment, it is a challenging task to detect and track moving objects in driving environment. In some simple scenarios, modelling and tracking of object can be realized by using the geometric properties of the object; In the more complex cases, it can be modelled and tracked as an occupancy grid. This paper presents an occupancy grid tracking system based on particles. The particles will have the dual nature - they will denote hypotheses, as in the filtering algorithm, but they will also be the building blocks of our modelled world. The particles have position and speed. They can migrate in the grid from cell to cell according to their motion model and motion parameters. The particles will also be created and destroyed through resample algorithm. The tracking algorithm is based on the particles, instead of cells. The occupancy grid tracking solution that proposed in this paper can be classified as using the Descartes probability model of the reverse sensor and generates a fully dynamic grid. This method is suitable for flexible and dynamic unstructured environment.
Multilingual prediction of (2019)

Kathleen C. Fraser, Nicklas Linz, Bai Li, Kristina Lundholm Fors, Frank Rudzicz, Alexandra König, Jan Alexandersson, Philippe Robert, Dimitrios Kokkinakis. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
A Novel Charge Transport Material Fabricated Using a Liquid Crystalline Semiconductor and Crosslinked Polymer (2002)

A hybrid material with high electronic conduction has been fabricated by photo-polymerization of the liquid crystalline semiconductor 2-(4′-octylphenyl)-6-dodecyloxynaphthalene (8-PNP-O12, see Figure for micrographic texture) and a crosslinked monomer. The charge-transport properties and liquid crystalline behavior are investigated and shown to be promising for device applications.