gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and sequence of an active-site peptide containing a catalytic aspartic acid from two Streptococcus sobrinus alpha-glucosyltransferases (1991)

An active-site peptide containing an aspartic acid implicated in catalysis has been isolated and sequenced from two Streptococcus sobrinus extracellular glucosyltransferases: sucrose:1,3-alpha-D-glucan 3-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase (GTase-I) and sucrose:1,6-alpha-D-glucan 6-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase (GTase-S). The sequenced peptides, tagged with radiolabeled glucose, were isolated from a pepsin digest of a stabilized glucosylenzyme complex prepared by rapidly denaturing a reaction of enzyme and radiolabeled sucrose. The glucosyl linkage had previously been characterized as a beta-anomer bound to an active-site carboxyl group. Purified GTase-I and GTase-S glucosyl-peptides had the following similar but not identical sequences: GTase-I, Asp-Ser-Ile-Arg-Val-Asp-Ala-Val-Asp; and GTase-S, Asp-Gly-Val-Arg-Val-Asp-Ala-Val-Asp. Each has 3 aspartic acids as potential sites of glucose conjugation, but the relevant residue was not identified in sequence analysis because the highly base-labile glucosyl bond was cleaved in the first sequence cycle. As an alternative, the GTase-I glucosyl-peptide was partially digested at the N terminus with cathepsin C and at the C terminus with carboxypeptidase P. Analysis of the truncated products by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry localized the glucosyl group to Asp-6 i the GTase-I peptide. In the native enzyme, this sequence is found near the N terminus, well-removed from the glucan-binding site located on a 60-kDa domain at the C terminus. The catalysis-dependent method of incorporating a glucosyl label implicates the aspartic acid as the residue involved in stabilizing an oxocarbonium ion transition state. The peptide segment is highly conserved and homologous to a peptide from sucrase-isomaltase labeled by site-directed irreversible inhibition and peptide segments common to a broad array of alpha-glucosidases and related transferases.
IEEE P1149.5 standard module test and maintenance bus (2002)

The IEEE P1149.5 Standard Module Test and Maintenance Bus (MTM-Bus) standardizes a serial, backplane test and maintenance bus that can be used to integrate modules into testable and maintainable subsystems. This paper discusses the protocol, some implementation details and the status of the standard and related standards activities.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Expression of the fibroblast/macrophage marker 1B10 by spindle cells in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions and by Kaposi's sarcoma‐derived tumor cells (2002)

Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a tumor whose ontogenic origin remains a matter of contention. KS tissues are characterized by predominant expression of endothelial markers, while KS‐derived cell cultures are usually characterized by expression of mesenchymal non‐endothelial cell markers. Aims: In order to clarify the ontogenic origin of KS cells, we investigated the expression of the fibroblast/macrophage marker 1B10 in KS tissues (AIDS‐associated KS, n = 9; classic KS, n = 6; iatrogenic KS, n = 6) and in KS‐derived cell cultures. Results: 1B10 was expressed by loosely distributed spindle‐shaped cells in early ‘patch‐stage’ KS and by a variable proportion of spindle cells in late ‘plaque‐ and nodular‐stage’ KS. Using immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis, we found that, in vitro , reactivity for 1B10 was uniformly evidenced in fibroblasts and in KS‐derived spindle cell cultures, irrespective of their histological or epidemiological setting. By contrast, vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells were negative for 1B10. Conclusions: These results suggest that the KS spindle cells isolated in vitro may represent a particular subpopulation of the KS spindle cell compartment.
Identification of thermosetting adhesive resins from whey permeate as high molecular weight Maillard polymers (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIdentification of thermosetting adhesive resins from whey permeate as high molecular weight Maillard polymersTito ViswanathanCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1985, 24, 1, 176–177Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300017a033https://doi.org/10.1021/i300017a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Frequency locking using cascaded fibre Bragg gratingsin OFDM systems (1996)

A three channel optical frequency locking was demonstrated using cascaded fibre Bragg gratings. The reflection wavelength of each grating is intentionally manipulated to ensure an unequal channel spacing. Three lasers were successfully locked to the transmission dips produced from the gratings. The frequency fluctuation was within 6 MHz, and the locking range appeared to be >15 GHz.
Designing TramMateña context-aware mobile system supporting use of public transportation (2003)

We describe the design of a mobile information service that provides users with a route-planning tool for the tram-based public transport system of Melbourne, Australia.The design sketches for TramMate represent early iterations of an ongoing design process based on data from field studies on the use of transportation by business employees who, during a typical workday, have to attend appointments at different physical locations.TramMate supports this activity by keeping track of contextual factors such as the userís physical location, upcoming appointments, and real-time travel information.The design is integrated with an electronic calendar and alerts the user when it is necessary to commence the journey.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Braids in Metal—Organic Frameworks (2013)

Abstract Review: ca. 50 refs.
Antigenic relationships of selected strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and European eel virus (1983)

Abstract. An antigenic comparison of ten strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and a single strain of European eel virus (EEV) revealed the presence of three distinct groups separable by cross‐neutralization. The 1/ r value calculated from the formula r=√r 1 × r 2 (Archetti & Horsfall 1950) was used to divide the virus strains into: group I, which included all six U.S.A. strains: Buhl, Idaho; Reno, Nevada; ATCC VR 299; Powder Mill, New Hampshire; West Buxton, Maine; and Cascade Locks, Oregon: group II, the European strains: ?Honnincthun, France; Sp Denmark; and Bonnamy, France: group III, Ab Denmark and EEV. The group II European strains of IPNV were more closely related to the group I U.S.A. strains than to those viruses in group III. European eel virus (EEV) was antigenically most closely related to the Ab strain of IPNV.
Studies on Affinity Constants of Hapten‐Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Using an Antibody‐Immobilized ELISA (1995)

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure affinity constants of hapten-specific monoclonal antibodies has been developed. In this method an antibody-immobilizing format is used. Antibody affinity toward hapten-enzyme tracer is first calculated by using Scatchard's method. Using this affinity, antibody-hapten affinity is then calculated by following the principles of chemical thermodynamics and mass conservation. The affinity from this method agrees with the IC50 values in ELISA. This method is useful in early determination of affinity during monoclonal antibody development. Compared with the antigen-coated format, this method avoids the problem of distinguishing binding of unliganded antibody and singly liganded antibody to antigens on solid phase.
Adaptive fault tolerant control allocation for a hexacopter system (2016)

In this paper an adaptive fault tolerant control allocation for a linear static actuator model is presented. The method proposed here has the advantage of not relying on the exact knowledge of the fault and of avoiding the use of online optimization routines. This is done using adaptive control techniques and by reformulating the problem of the control allocation with unknown control effectiveness. Furthermore, the usual assumption of positive definiteness of the control effectiveness matrix is relaxed. The approach is applied to the position tracking problem of a hexacopter system. The control law is composed of a backstepping baseline controller and an adaptive augmentation. The goal of this extension is improving the robustness against degradation and failures of the propulsion system. Simulation results show the efficiency of the approach.
Cutaneous Pharmacokinetics: 10 Steps to Percutaneous Absorption (1983)

(1983). Cutaneous Pharmacokinetics: 10 Steps to Percutaneous Absorption. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 169-205.
Problem Department (1942)

Nelson Robinson, E. P. Starke, M. S. Robertson, C. N. Mills, Paul D. Thomas, Ray Hassler, Alice M. H'Doubler, Robert V. Sweeney, N. A. Court, Clarence M. Ablow, James F. Callicott, W. V. Parker, V. Thebault, Howard D. Grossman, D. L. MacKay, Problem Department, National Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 16, No. 8 (May, 1942), pp. 407-414
Direct Delivery of Medication into a Brain Tumor through Multiple Chronically Implanted Catheters (1987)

A recurrent malignant glioma was treated with cisplatin delivered directly into the tumor. The drug was delivered via 68 small catheters distributed evenly throughout the tumor area. Each catheter was connected to an osmotic minipump that delivered 0.5 microliter of drug solution each hour for 10 days. There were no side effects from the catheter implantation, chemotherapy, or catheter removal. Although the chemotherapy halted progression of the tumor, it recurred, and the patient died 6 months after treatment.
Ultrasensitive and highly selective gas sensors using three-dimensional tungsten oxide nanowire networks (2006)

Three-dimensional (3D) tungsten oxide nanowire networks have been demonstrated as a high-surface area material for building ultrasensitive and highly selective gas sensors. Utilizing the 3D hierarchical structure of the networks, high sensitivity has been obtained towards NO2, revealing the capability of the material to detect concentration as low as 50ppb (parts per billion). The distinctive selectivity at different working temperatures is observed for various gases. The results highlight that the nanobelts (nanowires) technology can be adopted for the development of gas sensors with performances suitable for practical applications.
GPS and Inertial Integration (1996)

T HE Global Positioning System (GPS) and inertial navigation systems (INS) have complementary operational characteristics. Even a modest attempt to combine their functionality in an integrated navigation system can produce a system performance superior to either one acting alone. However, because of the costs of such benefits, it is fitting to inquire about trade-offs that would justify the investment. Trade studies typically address the following questions: 1) What benefits of GPS/inertial integration are important in the application being considered? 2) What configuration of data paths (integration architecture) is appropriate for the application? 3) How complex are the integration algorithms required to provide the desired level of performance, with options for growth to meet future requirements? This chapter devotes one section to address each one of these questions. Because of space limitations, the presentation is qualitative, with only limited recourse to the underlying mathematical structures required to understand integration filtering and the performance evaluation of an integrated navigation system. Wherever possible, the reader is directed to other chapters in this text for those details, or to the literature. Furthermore, the properties of GPS user equipment (UE) and inertial navigation systems cited here are generic rather than specific, and they are representative of technology circa 1993.
High-molecular-weight precursor of epidermal filaggrin and hypothesis for its tandem repeating structure (1984)

Filaggrin is a histidine-rich protein that is intimately involved in mammalian epidermal keratinization. Using a combination of immunologic and in vivo pulse-chase studies with radiolabeled histidine and phosphate, we show that the phosphorylated precursor of both rat and mouse filaggrin has an apparent molecular weight much higher than previously realized (6 X 10(5) and 3.9 X 10(5), respectively). These high-molecular-weight filaggrin precursors can be rapidly labeled with histidine and extracted from the epidermis under denaturing conditions. More than half of the label incorporated in the precursor at 2 h is found in filaggrin at 24 h after injection, even though filaggrin is less than 10% of the size of the precursor. Limited proteolytic digestion of the precursor in vitro results in the formation of an oligomeric series of peptides based on a phosphorylated fragment slightly larger than filaggrin itself. More extensive digestion of this fragment shows that it is composed of filaggrin with few or no additional unrelated peptides, suggesting that the major part of the high-molecular-weight filaggrin precursor must be composed of repeated domains of filaggrin. Because the primary translation product of filaggrin mRNA is large, we propose that these domains are repeated in tandem. In addition, from molecular weight computations and peptide map analyses, we suggest that the filaggrins are themselves composed of multiple repeating units of an unidentified peptide of approximately Mr 8600. This value is derived from the molecular weights of filaggrin from several mammalian species that differ by integral multiples of 8600. A model for the structure of the high-molecular-weight precursor of filaggrin is presented.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cellular entry of graphene nanosheets: the role of thickness, oxidation and surface adsorption (2013)

Coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations are conducted to study the interaction of graphene nanosheets with a lipid bilayer, focusing on the effects of graphene thicknesses (single/multi-layered graphene), oxidation and surface absorption by lipid molecules. The results show that a hydrophobic corner of graphene can pierce into the bilayer, while different oxidations of the nanosheets affect their final equilibrium configurations in the bilayer: lying across or within the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. The underlying mechanism is clarified by calculating the energy barrier for graphene piercing into the bilayer. Our studies provide fundamental guidance towards understanding how graphene enters cells, which is important for biomedical diagnostics and therapies, and for managing health impacts following occupational or environmental exposure.
Beneficial Effect of Chromium-rich Yeast on Glucose Tolerance and Blood Lipids in Elderly Subjects (1980)

Twenty-four volunteers, mean age 78, including eight mildly non-insulin-dependent diabetics, were randomly allocated to one of two groups and were fed (daily for 8 wk) 9 g of either chromium-rich brewers' yeast (experimental) or chromium-poor torula yeast (control). Before and after yeast supplementation, the serum glucose and insulin response to 100 g oral glucose was measured at 30 min intervals for 2 h. Fasting serum cholesterol, total lipids, and triglycerides were also determined. In the total experimental group (normals + diabetics) and in both the diabetic and nondiabetic experimental subgroups, glucose tolerance improved significantly and insulin output decreased after supplementation. Cholesterol and total lipids fell significantly after supplementation in the total experimental group. The cholesterol decrease was particularly marked in hypercholesterolemic subjects (cholesterol > 300 mg/dl). In the control group, no significant change in glucose tolerance, insulin, triglycerides, or total lipids was found. Cholesterol was significantly lowered in the nondiabetic but not in the diabetic group. Thus, chromium-rich brewers' yeast improved glucose tolerance and total lipids in elderly subjects, while chromium-poor torula yeast did not. An improvement in insulin sensitivity also occurred with brewers' yeast supplementation. This supports the thesis that elderly people may have a low level of chromium and that an effective source for chromium repletion, such as brewers' yeast, may improve their carbohydrate tolerance and total lipids. The improvement in serum cholesterol in some control subjects, as well as in the total experimental group, also suggests the presence of a hypocholesterolemic factor other than chromium in both brewers' and torula yeast.
Growth and characterization of thallium- and gold-doped PbSe0.78Te0.22 layers lattice matched with BaF2 substrates (1994)

We report on liquid phase epitaxial growth and Hall effect characterization of thallium- and gold-doped PbSe0.78Te0.22 layers lattice matched with BaF2 substrates. Thallium behaved as an acceptor allowing growth of compensated p-type PbSe0.78Te0.22 layers with hole concentrations as high as 2.2×1018 cm−3. (Undoped PbSe0.78Te0.22 epitaxial layers were n-type with electron concentrations of 4.3×1018 cm−3.) The transition from n-type to p-type occurs at approximately 1.2 at. % thallium in the growth solution. Gold also exhibited acceptor behavior for low doping concentrations but behaved as a donor for doping concentrations greater than 1 at. % such that p-type layers could not be obtained. Electron mobilities as high as 7846 cm2/V s at 77 K were measured in this ternary alloy.
A film transmission line resonator to measure the microwave surface resistance of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (1989)

The authors constructed microstrip transmission line resonators with YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 6.9/ ground planes, SiO dielectric, and Nb top conductors. The film resonator is a low-impedance section n lambda /2 long, and the wave is launched from a coaxial line. Loose coupling is provided by the discontinuity between 50- Omega feed lines and the 0.05- Omega resonator section. After de-embedding the transmittance data of the structure, the surface resistance of the ceramic superconductor can be computed. The surface resistance of YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 6.9/ at 4.2 K was about a factor of 60 higher than the theoretical value for Nb at 4.2 K over the range 2.9-6 GHz. The power law behavior versus frequency of the surface resistance is roughly quadratic, which is consistent with two-fluid analysis.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[The level of anti-HBs in blood serum of persons selected from a group of Krakow inhabitants]. (1997)

The aim of the study was to determine levels of anti-HBs antibodies in blood of 1490 adults coming from Cracow province. The first group of 1451 people did not suffer from viral hepatitis B in the past and were never vaccinated against hepatitis B; 86.2% of them did not demonstrate any protective level of anti-HBs antibodies, but 13.8%--presented antibody level equal to 10 IU/L or higher. The second group consisted of 14 individuals who did not suffer from virus hepatitis and who were vaccinated 1-5 years before examination (basic vaccination of three doses); they all demonstrated the protective anti-HBs antibody level (> or = 10 IU/L). In the third group there were 20 subjects who were post-hepatitis convalescents (they demonstrated symptomatic acute hepatitis 2-4 years before examination) and were never vaccinated; 7 of them did not present any protective level of anti-HBs antibodies, but the remaining 13 individuals demonstrated certain immunity status. The last group of 5 people, who suffered from acute hepatitis in the past and had received incomplete immunization (1 dose) previously demonstrated antibody levels of differentiated protective value.
Effectiveness of Conjugated Estrogen in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (1998)

Administration of conjugated estrogen is associated with a statistically significant decrease in use of red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma during orthotopic liver transplantation.
Cause clue clauses (2011)

Much effort is spent by programmers everyday in trying to reduce long, failing execution traces to the cause of the error. We present an algorithm for error cause localization based on a reduction to the maximal satisfiability problem (MAX-SAT), which asks what is the maximum number of clauses of a Boolean formula that can be simultaneously satisfied by an assignment. At an intuitive level, our algorithm takes as input a program and a failing test, and comprises the following three steps. First, using bounded model checking, and a bound obtained from the execution of the test, we encode the semantics of a bounded unrolling of the program as a Boolean trace formula . Second, for a failing program execution (e.g., one that violates an assertion or a post-condition), we construct an unsatisfiable formula by taking the formula and additionally asserting that the input is the failing test and that the assertion condition does hold at the end. Third, using MAX-SAT, we find a maximal set of clauses in this formula that can be satisfied together, and output the complement set as a potential cause of the error. We have implemented our algorithm in a tool called BugAssist that performs error localization for C programs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of BugAssist on a set of benchmark examples with injected faults, and show that in most cases, BugAssist can quickly and precisely isolate a few lines of code whose change eliminates the error. We also demonstrate how our algorithm can be modified to automatically suggest fixes for common classes of errors such as off-by-one.We have implemented our algorithm in a tool called BugAssist that performs error localization for C programs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of BugAssist on a set of benchmark examples with injected faults, and show that in most cases, BugAssist can quickly and precisely isolate a few lines of code whose change eliminates the error. We also demonstrate how our algorithm can be modified to automatically suggest fixes for common classes of errors such as off-by-one.