gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radio-frequency transmission properties of carbon nanotubes in a field-effect transistor configuration (2006)

In this letter, the radio-frequency (RF) transmission properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been characterized up to the frequency of 12 GHz in a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNFET) configuration using a two-port S-parameter method for the first time. The RF characteristics of the CNTs were measured from the drain to the source of the CNFET. A resistance, inductance, and capacitance model has been proposed, and the element values have been extracted. Without the effect of the parasitics, the RF signal transmission in the CNTs presents no degeneration even at 12 GHz. The capacitive contact between CNTs and metal electrodes is reported
Rapid computation of gravitational attraction of three-dimensional bodies of arbitrary shape (1960)

Abstract An expression is derived for the gravity anomaly at an external point caused by a horizontal lamina with the boundary of an irregular polygon. This expression is put in a form suitable for computation by a high speed digital computer. By making the number of sides of the polygon sufficiently large, any irregular outline can be closely approximated. Any 3-dimensional body can be represented by contours. By replacing each contour by a polygonal lamina, the anomaly caused by it can be obtained at any external point. By a system of interpolation between contours combined with a numerical integration, the gravity anomaly caused by the 3-dimensional body can be calculated to a high degree of precision. This method may also be used for rapidly computing terrain corrections on a flat earth. By making a small modification it can further be adopted for computing the terrain correction as well as local isostatic compensation on the Airy system up to the external radius of Hayford zone O on a spherical earth. The expression for the anomaly caused by a horizontal polygonal lamina is also obtained for the special case when the sides of the polygon are alternately parallel to the x- and y-axes, that is, the polygonal lamina can be divided into a number of rectangular laminae. A chart is provided for the hand computation of the gravity anomaly in this case.
Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea following surgery for acoustic neurinoma (1986)

In a series of 48 patients with acoustic neurinoma removed by the suboccipital route, one patient developed cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and another patient had delayed-onset meningitis. Each complication was attributed to opening the posteromedial air-cell tract in the posterior wall of the internal auditory meatus. In operations requiring removal of the posterior meatal wall, it is important to look for the air-cell tract which may not be apparent on computerized tomography. If the tract is opened the cells should be occluded by bone wax.
CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN A NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE PLAYER (2006)

Our first and second cases both had long careers without multiple recorded concussions. Both manifested Major Depressive Disorder after retirement. Amyloid plaques were present in the first case and completely absent in the second case. Both cases exhibited neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads, and coronary atherosclerotic disease. Apolipoprotein-E4 genotypes were different. Reasons for the contrasting features in these two cases are not clear. Further studies are needed to identify and define the neuropathological cascades of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in football players, which may form the basis for prophylaxis and therapeutics.
Notes- Formation of Isomaltulose in Enzymatic Dextran Synthesis (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes- Formation of Isomaltulose in Enzymatic Dextran SynthesisE Sharpe, Frank Stodola, and H KoepsellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1960, 25, 6, 1062–1063Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online17 March 2003Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01076a620https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01076a620research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Role of Interleukin-1 in Hematopoiesis (1991)

The polypeptide interleukin 1 (IL-1) is the primary mediator of the acute-phase response and is responsible for many changes that are associated with the onset of infection. It induces fever and has profound endocrinologic metabolic and hematologic effects. Two structurally related forms of IL-1 have been described, termed IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. Both forms of IL-1 bind to a common receptor that is present on a variety of target cells. Recently, IL-1 has been recognized as a molecule that is important in the regulation of hematopoiesis. IL-1 induces the production of several different hematopoietic growth factors including granulocyte-macrophage, granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factors and interleukin 6 by a variety of accessory cells. In addition, IL-1 acts synergistically with colony-stimulating factors in the proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitor cells. In vivo, the administration of IL-1 accelerates hematopoietic reconstitution after chemotherapy or radiation induced myelosuppression. In untreated animals, IL-1 may induce a shift of hematopoietic progenitor cells into the peripheral blood, and these cells may be used to repopulate the bone marrow of lethally irradiated recipients. These studies suggest that IL-1 may be used as a therapeutic agent to accelerate bone marrow recovery after myelosuppression.
Chimerism in organ transplantation: conflicting experiments and clinical observations (2003)

The concepts of chimerism has influenced our thinking about tolerance and rejection of organs and tissues since the beginning of modern transplantation. In macrochimerism, persisting donor-specific cells are easily detectable by flow cytometry at levels of several to 100%, usually after transient lymphoablation and bone marrow (or other cell) transplantation. Microchimerism refers to a state in which donor cells persist at low levels (1 cell per 10(4) or 10(5) or less), frequently detectable by molecular techniques and usually consisting of class II dendritic cells. Although macrochimerism is frequently associated with donor-specific tolerance in many experimental animals and people, instances occur in which macrochimerism can be produced, but tolerance is not achieved. Also, in large animal models, macrochimerism and associated tolerance can be produced but macrochimerism can then disappear, yet tolerance persists. Clinically, states of microchimerism can exist, but rejection still occurs. Also, persisting microchimerism does not necessarily correlate with clinical tolerance or the ability to wean from or reduce immunosuppressive drugs. Recent experiments in several rodents using bone marrow to induce macrochimerism and tolerance have shown that establishment of the macrochimeric state does not necessarily produce tolerance. The presence of class II positive cells in the donor bone marrow inoculum is essential for tolerance induction in these models.
Development and Characterization of the Recombinant Human VEGF-EGF Dual-Targeting Fusion Protein as a Drug Delivery System (2015)

The design, preparation, as well as structural and functional characterizations of the recombinant fusion protein hVEGF-EGF as a dual-functional agent that may target both EGFR (R: receptor) and angiogenesis are reported. hVEGF-EGF was found to bind to EGFR more strongly than did EGF, and to bind to VEGFR similarly to VEGF. Mass spectrometry measurements showed that the sites of DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) conjugated hVEGF-EGF (for radiolabeling) were the same as those of its parent hEGF and hVEGF proteins. All DTPA-conjugated proteins retained similar binding capacities to their respective receptors as compared to their respective parent proteins. In vitro cell binding studies using BAEC (a bovine aortic endothelial cell) and MDA-MB-231 (a human breast cancer) cells expressing both EGFR and VEGFR confirmed similar results. Treating BAEC cells with hVEGF-EGF induced remarkable phosphorylation of EGFR, VEGFR, and their downstream targets ERK1/2. Nevertheless, the radiolabeled (111)In-DTPA-hVEGF-EGF showed cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells. Pharmacokinetic studies using (111)In-DTPA-hVEGF-EGF in BALB/c nude mice showed that appreciable tracer activities were accumulated in liver and spleen. In all, this study demonstrated that the fusion protein hVEGF-EGF maintained the biological specificity toward both EGFR and VEGFR and may be a potential candidate as a dual-targeting moiety in developing anticancer drugs.
Time-based power control architecture for application processors in smartphones (2012)

Proposed is an architecture for reducing the power consumption of an application processor (AP) in a smartphone. The proposed architecture is designed for sharing the main memory between the AP and modem blocks. A power-saving algorithm is proposed that focuses on random and sparse data patterns in connected and idle modes. The algorithm automatically performs power/clock gating without the intervention of the CPU, unlike dynamic voltage and frequency scaling. To control power gating, a power consumption model is formulated to solve an optimisation problem. The proposed algorithm is verified with electronic system level simulation based on actual scenarios of a mobile terminal. The results show an improvement in power consumption.
Research Progress in Preparation of Aromatic Amine via Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds (2010)

The research progress in preparing aromatic amines via the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds is reviewed.It is pointed out that the main preparation methods include catalytic hydrogenation reduction,reduction with CO/H2O,reduction with metal,reduction with sulfide,reduction with metal hydride,electro-chemical reduction and photo-chemical reduction.Of these methods,reduction with hydrogen and reduction with hydration hydrazine,both belonging to catalytic hydrogenation,are environmentally friendly and have a high yield and good selectivity,showing promising prospect of application.
Anomaly Intrusion Detection Systems: Handling Temporal Relations Between Events. (1999)

Lately, many approaches have been developed to discover computer abuse. Some of them use data mining techniques to discover anomalous behavior in audit trail, considering this behavior as an intrusive one. This paper discusses a temporal knowledge representation of users&apos; behavior that is used by data mining tools to construct behavior patterns. These are used to decide whether current behavior follows a certain normal pattern or differs from all known users&apos; behavior patterns. The representation uses Allen&apos;s temporal interval algebra to describe the temporal relations between events caused by the user. Also we discuss how our representation is used to help in the concept drift when the set of training samples is reduced by removing old data which is no more used for classification.
Reduction of Symmetric and Mixed Anhydrides of Carboxylic Acids by Sodium Borohydride with Dropwise Addition of Methanol (1987)

Symmetric and mixed anhydrides of carboxylic acids are reduced in high yields with sodium borohydride in tetrahydrofuran with dropwise addition of methanol.
Resveratrol‐mediated apoptosis of hodgkin lymphoma cells involves SIRT1 inhibition and FOXO3a hyperacetylation (2012)

Resveratrol (RSV), a plant-derived stilbene, induces cell death in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)-derived L-428 cells in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 = 27 μM, trypan blue exclusion assay). At a lower range (25 μM), RSV treatment for 48 hr causes arrest in the S-phase of the cell cycle, while at a higher concentration range (50 μM), apoptosis can be detected, with activation of caspase-3. The histone/protein deacetylase SIRT1 has been described as a putative target of RSV action in other model systems, even though its role in cancer cells is still controversial. Here we show that RSV, at both concentration ranges, leads to a marked increase in p53, while a decrease of SIRT1 expression level, as well as enzyme activity, only occurred at the higher concentration range. Concomitantly, however, treatments at both concentration ranges resulted in a marked increase in K373-acetylated p53 and lysine-acetylated FOXO3a. Immunohistochemical stainings of human lymph nodes show a preferential distribution of SIRT1 in the germinal center of the follicles while the mantle zone shows nearly no staining to few positive cells. The classical HL-affected lymph nodes show a strong positivity of the diagnostic Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells. Notably, both the HL-derived cell lines and the Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg cells of the affected lymph nodes derive from germinal center-derived B cells. The study of SIRT1 distribution and expression on a larger number of biopsies might disclose a novel role for this histone/protein deacetylase as therapeutic target.
Direct Electrolytic Reduction of Solid Silicon Dioxide in Molten LiCl–KCl–CaCl[sub 2] at 773 K (2005)

We investigated electrolytic reduction of solid by a contacting electrode method in molten at . The results of cyclic voltammetry indicated that reduction of occurs at potential more negative than (vs , ). Samples were prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis for at 0.25, 0.50, 0.70, and . Energy dispersive X-ray analysis and Raman spectra clarified that the reduction products at 0.50 and are composed of amorphous Si and microcrystalline Si. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations revealed that the morphology of the produced Si is spongelike with a particle size smaller than . The mechanism of Si formation was discussed by comparing the SEM observations and the Raman spectra of the Si samples prepared at 773 and . The reduction mechanism of the direct electrolytic reduction of at lower temperature was also discussed.
Mapping of Atypical Protein Kinase C within the Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Cascade: Relationship to Differentiation and Survival of PC12 Cells (2000)

The pathway by which atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) contributes to nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling is poorly understood. We previously reported that in PC12 cells NGF-induced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) occurs independently of classical and nonclassical PKC isoforms, whereas aPKC isoforms were shown to be required for NGF-induced differentiation. NGF-induced activation of PKC-iota was observed to be dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and led to coassociation of PKC-iota with Ras and Src. Expression of dominant negative mutants of either Src (DN2) or Ras (Asn-17) impaired activation of PKC-iota by NGF. At the level of Raf-1, neither PKC-iota nor PI3 kinase was required for activation; however, PKC-iota could weakly activate MEK. Inhibitors of PKC-iota activity and PI3K had no effect on NGF-induced MAPK or p38 activation but reduced NGF-stimulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity. Src, PI3K, and PKC-iota were likewise required for NGF-induced NF-kappaB activation and cell survival, whereas Ras was not required for either survival or NF-kappaB activation but was required for differentiation. IKK existed as a complex with PKC-iota, Src and IkappaB. Consistent with a role for Src in regulating NF-kappaB activation, an absence of Src activity impaired recruitment of PKC-iota into an IKK complex and markedly impaired NGF-induced translocation of p65/NF-kappaB to the nucleus. These findings reveal that in PC12 cells, aPKCs comprise a molecular switch to regulate differentiation and survival responses coupled downstream to NF-kappaB. On the basis of these findings, Src emerges as a critical upstream regulator of both PKC-iota and the NF-kappaB pathway.
A practical clustering algorithm for static and dynamic information organization (1999)

We present and analyze the off-line star algorithm for clustering static information systems and the on-line star algorithm for clustering dynamic information systems. These algorithms organize a document collection into a number of clusters that is naturally induced by the collection via a computationally efficient cover by dense subgraphs. We further show a lower bound on the quality of the clusters produced by these algorithms as well as demonstrate that these algorithms are efficient (running times roughly linear in the size of the problem). Finally, we provide data from a number of experiments.
Design of the Mosaic Element (1983)

The Mosaic element is a fast single chip computer designed to be used in groups for concurrent computation experiments. Each element contains a 16-bit processor, read-write storage, read-only store for a small initialization and bootstrap loading program and four output ports. The Mosaic processor, a highly structured design that achieves very good performance and density through innovations in its microcode, circuit techniques, and layout, is described in detai1.
Boost bridge amplifier (2001)

A novel boost bridge amplifier which inherently doubles the power supply voltage, thus providing up to four times higher peak output power than a comparable state-of-the-art class-D amplifier, is proposed. The efficiency and the total harmonic distortion of both amplifiers during the amplification of a music signal are shown to be similar.
Realization of compact, passively-cooled, high-flux photovoltaic prototypes (2005)

The materialization of a recent conceptual advance in high-flux photovoltaic concentrators into first-generation prototypes is reported. Our design strategy includes a tailored imaging dual-mirror (aplanatic) system, with a tapered glass rod that enhances concentration and accommodates larger optical errors. Designs were severely constrained by the need for ultra-compact (minimal aspect ratio) modules, simple passive heat rejection, liberal optical tolerances, incorporating off-the-shelf commercial solar cells, and pragmatic considerations of affordable fabrication technologies. Each unit has a geometric concentration of 625 and irradiates a single square 100 mm<sup>2</sup> triple-junction high-efficiency solar cell at a net flux concentration of 500.
Quality Assurance (BS 5750) in Social Services Departments (1994)

Quality assurance is concentrated in manufacturing and over the last three to four years there has been an upsurge of interest in the public sector. Focuses on local authority social services departments, but literature and the implementation of quality assurance in the social services is very limited, particularly in specific areas such as Meals on Wheels, home care services and children′s homes. Provides an understanding of the requirements of implementing Quality Assurance (BS5750) in Social Services, particularly the Meals on Wheels service. Gives a brief outline of what is quality assurance and BS5750. Aims to provide social service practitioners with insight and guidance to the requirements of introducing BS5750 for the Meals on Wheels service.
Oxymatrine induces human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells apoptosis via regulating expression of Bcl-2 and IAP families, and releasing of cytochrome c (2011)

Oxymatrine can induce apoptotic cell death of human pancreatic cancer, which might be attributed to the regulation of Bcl-2 and IAP families, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3.
Neuroprotective effects of the ketogenic diet (2008)

The ketogenic diet (KD) is an alternative treatment for medically refractory epilepsy. Despite numerous mechanistic hypotheses advanced to explain the anticonvulsant action of the KD, few studies to date have addressed the molecular changes in brain following KD treatment. Here, we present recent experimental results based on systemic administration of kainic acid (KA) in rodents. KA typically induces acute limbic seizures and results in cellular and molecular alterations, accompanied by neuronal death mainly in limbic structures, similar to what has been observed in surgically resected temporal lobe tissue in epileptic patients. We have reported that neuronal degeneration induced by KA is ameliorated by KD treatment via diverse protective mechanisms, including inhibition of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. Neuroprotective strategies such as the KD, if implemented early, might exert an antiepileptogenic effect, and could prevent associated learning and memory deficits.
Dendritic trafficking of BDNF mRNA is mediated by translin and blocked by the G196A (Val66Met) mutation (2009)

Alternatively spliced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transcripts are targeted to distinct cellular compartments in neurons but the mechanisms underlying this sorting are unknown. Although only some BDNF isoforms are targeted to dendrites, we have found that the coding region common to all BDNF transcripts contains a constitutively active dendritic targeting signal and that this signal is suppressed in transcripts containing exons 1 or 4, which are restricted to the cell soma and proximal dendrites. This dendritic targeting signal is mediated by translin, an RNA-binding protein implicated in RNA trafficking, and is disrupted by the G196A mutation associated with memory deficits and psychiatric disorders. Molecular modeling and mutational studies indicate that the G196A mutation blocks dendritic targeting of BDNF mRNA by disrupting its interaction with translin. These findings implicate abnormal dendritic trafficking of BDNF mRNA in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders linked to the G196A mutation.
Seasonal variations of arterial blood pressure in normotensive and essential hypertensives. (1990)

Marked seasonal variations in environmental fluid losses and arterial blood pressure (BP) have been observed by us. Factors causing these changes in BP have been investigated. Effect of seasonal variation on BP was studied in 15 controls and 15 essential hypertensives. Mean temperature and relative humidity in well defined 5 local seasons was recorded. Monthly observations included the plasma levels and 24 hours urinary excretion of norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+). Average systolic, diastolic and mean BP were higher in winter season in both the groups (P less than 0.01). In hypertensives this variation was observed despite a significant increase in drug consumption during winter season (P less than 0.001). Both the groups revealed higher plasma levels and daily urinary excretion of NE and E during winter months, (P less than 0.05 - less than 0.001). 24 hrs urinary volume, Na+ and K+ were significantly higher in winter season (P less than 0.05 - less than 0.001). These parameters showed a negative correlation with mean ambient temperature. Increased sympathetic nervous activity as documented by increased NE and E in plasma and urinary, and decreased environmental loss of fluids and sodium may be contributory to this rise in blood pressure during winter season.