gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Arachnoid Cyst Is a Risk Factor for Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Juveniles: Twelve Cases of Chronic Subdural Hematoma Associated with Arachnoid Cyst (2002)

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) tends to occur in elderly patients with a history of mild head injury at a few months prior to the onset of symptoms. Intracranial arachnoid cyst is believed to be congenital and sometimes becomes symptomatic in pediatric patients. These two distinct clinical entities sporadically occur in the same young patient. Twelve of 541 cases of CSDH surgically treated in our institution had associated arachnoid cyst. The clinical and radiological characteristics of the cases of CSDH associated with arachnoid cyst were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those of CSDH without arachnoid cyst. Arachnoid cysts were located in the middle fossa (eight cases), convexity (two cases), and posterior fossa (two cases). Three cysts were less than 20 mm in diameter. The 12 patients with CSDH and arachnoid cyst (mean age 27.8 +/- 19.7 years) were significantly younger (p < 0.001) than the patients with CSDH without arachnoid cyst (69.5 +/- 13.7 years). Five of the 12 patients were pediatric cases (< 15 years old). The clinical symptoms were also significantly different. The most frequent symptom was headache followed by vomiting in the patients with arachnoid cyst, while gait disturbance and hemiparesis predominated in patients without arachnoid cyst. Hematoma evacuation through burr holes improved the symptoms in all patients with arachnoid cyst. We conclude that even a small arachnoid cyst can be a risk factor for CSDH after mild head injury in young patients and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure are common. Hematoma evacuation is adequate at first operation. If the preoperative symptoms persist, additional arachnoid cyst surgery should be considered. The present results also suggest that CSDH formation may be preceded by subdural hygroma caused by the rupture of arachnoid cyst.
How sample size influences the replicability of task-based fMRI (2017)

Despite a growing body of research suggesting that task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies often suffer from a lack of statistical power due to too-small samples, the proliferation of such underpowered studies continues unabated. Using large independent samples across eleven distinct tasks, we demonstrate the impact of sample size on replicability, assessed at different levels of analysis relevant to fMRI researchers. We find that the degree of replicability for typical sample sizes is modest and that sample sizes much larger than typical (e.g., N = 100) produce results that fall well short of perfectly replicable. Thus, our results join the existing line of work advocating for larger sample sizes. Moreover, because we test sample sizes over a fairly large range and use intuitive metrics of replicability, our hope is that our results are more understandable and convincing to researchers who may have found previous results advocating for larger samples inaccessible.
Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimizers: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art (2006)

Abstract- The success of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm as a single-objective optimizer (mainly when dealing with continuous search spaces) has motivated researchers to extend the use of this bioinspired technique to other areas. One of them is multiobjective optimization. Despite the fact that the first proposal of a Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimizer (MOPSO) is over six years old, a considerable number of other algorithms have been proposed since then. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the various MOPSOs reported in the specialized literature. As part of this review, we include a classification of the approaches, and we identify the main features of each proposal. In the last part of the paper, we list some of the topics within this field that we consider as promising areas of future research. 1
Participation of Imidazoline Receptors and Alpha<sub>2−</sub>‐Adrenoceptors in the Central Hypotensive Effects of Imidazoline‐Like Drugs (1999)

The central hypotensive effect of imidazoline-like drugs (IMs) involves non-adrenergic imidazoline receptors (IRs). IMs cause hypotension irrespective of their affinity and selectivity for one or the other alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes. LNP 509, which binds to I1Rs (Ki = 5.10(-7) M) but roughly not to alpha 2-adrenoceptors (A2Rs) (Ki > 10(-5) M), causes hypotension when injected alone into the brainstem. As far as hybrid drugs, that is, those with mixed binding profiles (I1/alpha 2), are concerned, a significant correlation was reported between their central hypotensive effect and their affinity for IRs. Imidazoline antagonists such as idazoxan competitively antagonized the centrally induced hypotensive effect of IMs. Yohimbine, an A2Rs antagonist, blocks the hypotensive effect of hybrids but usually in a noncompetitive manner. Mutation of A2Rs prevented the hypotensive effects of drugs highly selective for A2Rs, but also that of hybrids such as clonidine. These data indicate that triggering of the hypotensive effects of IMs (1) needs implication of IRs; (2) appears to be facilitated by additional activation of A2Rs; and (3) requires integrity of A2Rs along the sympathetic pathways.
Adsorption characteristics of high-exchange clinoptilolites (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAdsorption characteristics of high-exchange clinoptilolitesMark W. Ackley and Ralph T. YangCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1991, 30, 12, 2523–2530Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00060a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00060a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views656Altmetric-Citations83LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
EFFECTS OF A POTENT AND SPECIFIC β<sub>2</sub>‐ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONIST ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (1981)

1 Physiological studies support the possibility of adrenergic regulation of aqueous humor secretion from the ciliary process, a tissue which has recently been shown to contain a predominance of beta 2-adrenoceptors. 2 The present experiments examine the effects of a potent and highly specific beta 2-antagonist (IPS 339) on intraocular pressure in the normal rabbit eye. 3 The observed decrease in pressure caused by IPS 339 suggests that highly specific beta 2-antagonists may be useful in decreasing elevated intraocular pressure.
An On-chip Optical Brillouin Gyroscope with Earth-Rotation-Rate Sensitivity (2019)

A chip-based gyroscope is demonstrated that uses counter-propagating Brillouin lasers to measure rotation as a Sagnac-induced frequency shift. Demonstration of rotation measurement below the Earth rotation rate is presented. Prospects for improved performance are discussed.
Enzyme Blocker Prompts Mice to Shed Weight (2000)

A multidisciplinary team may have discovered an important new weapon in the battle of the bulge. On page 2379 of this issue, the team reports that a molecule that is needed for fat synthesis in the body may play a key role in appetite signaling in the brain. Moreover, the investigators produced a synthetic inhibitor of this molecule that spurred a dramatic drop in appetite and weight in mice.
VITAMIN C (1973)

Scurvy is probably one of the oldest recorded diseases encountered by man. When Magellan circumnavigated the world in 1522 the majority of his men were stricken with the disease. In 1535 Cartier noted that it could be cured by a decoction of spruce tips. Even so the disease continued to be a formidable problem on long voyages for many years to come. Thus during Anson's voyage from 1740 to 1744 a total of 626 men are reported to have died of scurvy whilst rounding Cape Horn. Dr. James Lind, Physician to the Fleet in the seven‐teenth century, was largely instrumental in overcoming the problem. He rediscovered the cure by pine needles, and by citrus fruits, and greatly extended their use for preventing the disease.
The limbic system: an anatomic, phylogenetic, and clinical perspective (1997)

The limbic system is the border zone where psychiatry meets neurology. The authors provide a model of limbic function that combines phylogenetic, anatomic, functional, and clinical data to interpret diseases relevant to neuropsychiatry. They provide evidence supporting two major divisions in the limbic system: a paleocortical division with the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex at its center, and an archicortical division with the hippocampus and cingulate cortex at its center. The implicit integration of affect, drives, and object associations is the function of the paleocortical limbic division; explicit sensory processing, encoding, and attentional control is the function of the archicortical limbic division. The two work in concert to integrate thought, feeling, and action. Understanding their development and organization informs us about how best to care for our patients.
Skeletal myoblast implants induce minor propagation delays, but do not promote arrhythmias in the normal swine heart (2010)

In normal swine hearts, myoblast implants promote localized fibrosis and slightly retard epicardial wavefront propagation only after extra-stimuli. However, SM implants are not associated with local re-entry and do not facilitate ventricular tachyarrhythmias in the whole normal heart.
Redox Mediator Effect on Water Oxidation in a Ruthenium-Based Chromophore–Catalyst Assembly (2013)

The synthesis, characterization, and redox properties are described for a new ruthenium-based chromophore-catalyst assembly, [(bpy)(2)Ru(4-Mebpy-4'-bimpy)Ru(tpy)(OH(2))](4+) (1, [Ru(a)(II)-Ru(b)(II)-OH(2)](4+); bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; 4-Mebpy-4'-bimpy = 4-(methylbipyridin-4'-yl)-N-benzimid-N'-pyridine; tpy = 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine), as its chloride salt. The assembly incorporates both a visible light absorber and a catalyst for water oxidation. With added ceric ammonium nitrate (Ce(IV), or CAN), both 1 and 2, [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-py)(OH(2))](2+) (Mebim-py = 2-pyridyl-N-methylbenzimidazole), catalyze water oxidation. Time-dependent UV/vis spectral monitoring following addition of 30 equiv of Ce(IV) reveals that the rate of Ce(IV) consumption is first order both in Ce(IV) and in an oxidized form of the assembly. The rate-limiting step appears to arise from slow oxidation of this intermediate followed by rapid release of O(2). This is similar to isolated catalyst 2, with redox potentials comparable to the [-Ru(b)-OH(2)](2+) site in 1, but 1 is more reactive than 2 by a factor of 8 due to a redox mediator effect.
Role of the yeast acetyltransferase Mpr1 in oxidative stress: Regulation of oxygen reactive species caused by a toxic proline catabolism intermediate (2004)

The MPR1 gene, which is found in the Sigma1278b strain but is not present in the sequenced laboratory strain S288C, of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a previously uncharacterized N-acetyltransferase that detoxifies the proline analogue azetidine-2-carboxylate (AZC). However, it is unlikely that AZC is a natural substrate of Mpr1 because AZC is found only in some plant species. In our search for the physiological function of Mpr1, we found that mpr1-disrupted cells were hypersensitive to oxidative stresses and contained increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In contrast, overexpression of MPR1 leads to an increase in cell viability and a decrease in ROS level after oxidative treatments. These results indicate that Mpr1 can reduce intracellular oxidation levels. Because put2-disrupted yeast cells lacking Delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase have increased ROS, we examined the role of Mpr1 in put2-disrupted strains. When grown on media containing urea and proline as the nitrogen source, put2-disrupted cells did not grow as well as WT cells and accumulated intracellular levels of P5C that were first detected in yeast cells and ROS. On the other hand, put2-disrupted cells that overexpressed MPR1 had considerably lower ROS levels. In vitro studies with bacterially expressed Mpr1 demonstrated that Mpr1 can acetylate P5C, or, more likely, its equilibrium compound glutamate-gamma-semialdehyde, at neutral pH. These results suggest that the proline catabolism intermediate P5C is toxic to yeast cells because of the formation of ROS, and Mpr1 regulates the ROS level under P5C-induced oxidative stress.
CVD Elaboration of Nanostructured TiO<sub>2</sub>‐Ag Thin Films with Efficient Antibacterial Properties (2010)

Abstract Nanostructured TiO 2 ‐Ag composite coatings are deposited by direct liquid injection metal‐organic (DLI‐MO) CVD at 683 K in a one‐step process. Silver pivalate (AgPiv) and titanium tetra‐ iso ‐propoxide (TTIP) are used as Ag and Ti molecular precursors, respectively. Metallic silver nanoparticles are co‐deposited with anatase TiO 2 on stainless steel, glass, and silicon wafers. The silver particles are uniformly embedded in the oxide matrix through the entire film thickness. The influence of the growth conditions, including injection parameters, is investigated on the chemical, physical, and structural characteristics of the coatings as well as on their anti‐bacterial activities. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is employed for anti‐bacterial tests. The films are bactericidal, according to the JIS Z 2801 standard test performed in the dark, when they contain less than 1 at.‐% of silver. Under UV irradiation they exhibit a photocatalytic activity which decays by increasing the silver content. As a result of this dual functionality, the TiO 2 ‐Ag nanocomposite coatings show promising potentialities as long‐term anti‐bacterial surfaces since self‐cleaning can be achieved periodically under UV light in order to maintain an efficient anti‐bacterial activity in the dark or in visible light.
Ionic Liquid Anchored “Boomerang” Catalysts Bearing Saturated and Unsaturated NHCs: Recyclability in Biphasic Media for Cross-Metathesis (2008)

A new complex of ruthenium bearing the unsaturated N-heterocyclic carbene IMes (IMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) and an ionic alkylidene moiety was synthesized and fully characterized. The X-ray structure of this catalyst and that of its SIMes (SIMes = 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene) analogue were determined. The catalytic performances of these catalysts and their recyclability were investigated for olefin cross-metathesis in a [Bmim][PF6]/organic solvent biphasic medium. The results show the importance of the proper choice of organic solvent. The solvent effect/catalytic behavior could be explained in terms of clathrate formation.
APPLICATIONS OF MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (2000)

Multiobjective optimization involves the simultaneous optimization of more than one objective function. This is quite commonly encountered in Chemical Engineering. A considerable amount of research has been reported in this area over the last twenty years. These are reviewed in the present paper. The general background of this area is presented at the beginning, followed by a description of how the results can be described in terms of Pareto sets. We then present the several methods available for generating these optimal solutions. Applications of optimization in Chemical Engineering wherein multiple objectives are encountered, as well as special adaptations of the basic algorithms required to solve these problems, are then discussed. Some comments are also made on possible directions that future research may take in this area.
Selbstkomplementäre Vier-Wasserstoffbrücken-Bindungsmotive als funktionales Prinzip: von dimeren Übermolekülen zu supramolekularen Polymeren (2001)

Die Selbstassoziation einzelner Moleküle kann zur Bildung von hochkomplexen supramolekularen Assoziaten führen. Verwendet man ausschließlich auf Wasserstoffbrücken basierende Bindungsmotive, so ist für eine effektive Assoziation in Lösung allerdings die Kombination mehrerer dieser im einzelnen schwachen Wechselwirkungen in einem Bindungsmuster notwendig. Mit vier Wasserstoffbrücken in linearer Anordnung entstehen so zumindest in Chloroform sehr effizient selbstassoziierende Systeme. Neben der physikalisch-organischen Charakterisierung solcher Assoziate und derjenigen Faktoren, die ihre Stabilität beeinflussen, bieten multiple Vier-Wasserstoffbrücken-Bindungsmotive nun auch erstmals die Möglichkeit, im Bereich der Materialwissenschaften supramolekulare Polymere durch die Selbstassoziation selbstkomplementärer Monomere zu erhalten. Da die Bildung nichtkovalenter Wechselwirkungen reversibel und ihre Stärke entscheidend abhängig von den äußeren Bedingungen (z. B. Lösungsmittel, Temperatur) ist, ermöglicht dies die gezielte Beeinflussung der makroskopischen Eigenschaften derartiger Polymere durch Veränderungen der Umgebungsbedingungen; ein erster Schritt hin zu intelligenten Materialien mit maßgeschneiderten Eigenschaften ist damit getan.
A query language for NC (1994)

We show that a form of divide and conquer recursion on sets together with the relational algebra expresses exactly the queries over ordered relational databases which are NC-computable. At a finer level, we relate k nested uses of recursion exactly to ACk, k≥1. We also give corresponding results for complex objects.
LIDS, LACRIMAL APPARATUS, AND CONJUNCTIVA (1956)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Ophthalmology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Ophthalmology journal
Continuously Variable Directional Couplers in Rectangular Waveguide (1963)

Variable directional couplers can be constructed by placing a movable dielectric slab in the region of the coupling aperture. The coupling and directivity are a function of the position of the slab. For a two hole coupler, the change in coupling depends principally upon the variation of the field intensity at the coupling apertures. The directivity is solely a function of the difference in phase constants of the two waveguides. For a long, slot narrow wall coupler, the coupling is a function of both intensity and phase variation. Some applications of this device to microwave measurements are described.
Preparation and amino acid sequence of human κ‐casein (1985)

Human kappa-casein was prepared from whole casein by successive hydroxyapatite and thiol-Sepharose chromatographies. The primary structure of its 99-residue N-terminal fragment has been determined by sequencing peptides obtained by tryptic and chymotryptic digestions of the whole protein. This fragment overlaps the known sequence of the 65-residue C-terminal fragment. The 158-residue sequence of human kappa-casein was compared to those of goat, ewe, cow and rat kappa-caseins. Only 22% of the residues are identical in homologous positions. The rate of divergence of the 93-residue N-terminal segment (para-kappa-casein) appears to be higher than that of the rest of the molecule.
Research of Visualization Intelligent Decision Support System for Drilling Risk Control (2010)

There were many lacks in traditional risk control systems,for example,the systems were mostly based on static information from ground, thereby difficult to accurately distinguish the actual situation “down hole” in real time,they could only solve a sole factor risk control problem,and moreover,their information was not intuitively revealed and could not be shared. So this paper proposes a Visualization Intelligent Decision Support System for Drilling Risk Control. A risk visualization analysis GIS system and intelligent decision-making models of risk control are built by use of Web GIS,case-based reasoning and network communication techniques. And an information-sharing and visualization decision-making support platform is provided for multi-domain experts and technicians in different locations to make cooperative decisions. The platform, which makes full use of all types of information as well as a variety of existing risk control methods,techniques,cases,multi-domain experts' experience and knowledge,can intuitively reveal the well location and distribution regularity of various types of potential risk in exploration area. In addition,it can achieve decision-making control of all risks in drilling engineering. This can improve risk decision-making and control in terms of science, accuracy and real-time. Details are provided about the architecture'design and key techniques of the system in this paper, including the building of intelligent decision-making models, asynchronous communication between the client and server,visualization of risk analysis, speedy loading and display of the map, and so forth.
<title>Inverse engineering perspective on nonimaging optical design</title> (1995)

We present an inverse engineering topological-axiomatic approach applicable to nonimaging optical design. The reflective and/or refractive surfaces of the optics are sequentially modified within a given parametrization scheme and a constraint set until performance objective global optimality, evaluated upon a system radiometric model is achieved. This formalism permits the study of non-concave, re-entrant, and piecewise continuous reflector and lens configurations that can constructively exploit multiple reflections for maximal energy transfer, beam shaping, or irradiance redistribution. We derive, under a single-reflection approximation, a new variational principle for constructing axially symmetric reflector forms that maximizes energy transfer and can be extended to provide optimal beam shaping. Our derivation accounts for generally shaped sources with arbitrary radiance distributions and for reflection losses. We compare known edge-ray designs with our solutions and find that the 3D CPC concentrator and the 3D involute CPC reflector (operated in reverse as a projector) can be improved upon. We present a projective design, employing a spherical source which makes use of source re-energization through retroreflection. This design achieves a beam radiance greater than that of the (naked) source and requires a re-entrant component, if a requirement for continuity of the reflective surface is imposed.