gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Large-dispersion-tolerance optical signal transmission system based on temporal imaging (2002)

A novel optical signal transmission system, which is highly tolerant of dispersion of the transmission fiber, is proposed. The system employs a dispersion fiber and a phase modulator in both the transmitter and the receiver. We analyzed the characteristics of the system, using the temporal imaging concept, and found that the output optical pulse is insensitive to dispersion of the transmission fiber if the parameters of the system are set to hold a specific condition. We report simulation results that confirm these characteristics of the proposed system.
Dendritic/Langerhans Cells and Prognosis in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas: Immunocytochemical Study of 106 Thyroid Neoplasms Correlated to Follow-up Data (1988)

Paraffin sections of 106 primary thyroid carcinomas were the subject of an immunocytochemical study to determine the density of infiltrates of S-100 protein-positive dendritic/Langerhans cells (LC), lysozyme-positive histiocytes, and LCA-positive lymphocytes. Evidence of dense infiltrates of LCs was found only in the majority of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PCs). The determination of the quantity of LCs proved to be a highly effective means of assessing the prognosis of these tumors. Irrespective of other morphologic and clinical features, no single instance of death resulting from cancer occurred among 23 PCs with dense LC infiltrates (including 6 tumors of stage pT4), while 9 of 53 (17%) of the remaining patients ultimately died from thyroid cancer. On the other hand, the degree of histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltrations was not associated with a distinct biologic behavior neither among PC nor among the remaining thyroid carcinomas. These findings suggest that LCs may play an important role in the immunologic defense mechanisms of the host against the tumor only in the papillary type of thyroid cancer.
Selective reductions. 25. Remarkably facile reductive opening of cyclic ethers by the lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminohydride-triethylborane combination (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective reductions. 25. Remarkably facile reductive opening of cyclic ethers by the lithium tri-tert-butoxyaluminohydride-triethylborane combinationS. Krishnamurthy and Herbert C. BrownCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 21, 3678–3682Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01335a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01335a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views818Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of gamma interferon in the sera of patients with Behçet's disease (1982)

The serum levels of interferon (IFN) in 58 patients with Behçet's disease were significantly higher than those in 79 normal controls (P less than 0.0001). The average IFN titer was 51.4 +/- 9.3 IU/ml in the patients and 5.9 +/- 1.1 IU/ml in the controls. The patients were then divided into two groups according to the stage of ocular disease. Forty-six patients in the ocular convalescent stage had higher IFN levels (61.3 +/- 11.2 IU/ml) than did 12 patients in the exacerbation stage (13.2 +/- 3.0 IU/ml). Moreover, the kinetics of the IFN level in the circulation of seven patients showed a significant decrease of IFN in the exacerbation stage. IFN activity in sera from patients was destroyed by acid treatment and heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min and was not neutralized with anti-human IFN-alpha and -beta sera. In addition, it was demonstrated that vesicular stomatitis virus inhibitors detected in sera from both the patients and the controls had no effect on our IFN assay. Therefore, antiviral activity detected in sera of patients seems to be due to gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). IFN-gamma may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of Behçet's disease.
Exploring cDNA Phage Display for Autoantibody Profiling in the Serum of Multiple Sclerosis Patients (2007)

We applied a cDNA phage display method called serological antigen selection (SAS) to identify immunogenic targets that evoke an autoantibody response in the serum of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This method involves the display of a cDNA expression library, in this study a MS brain library, on filamentous phage and subsequent selection using patient immunoglobulin G (IgG). To apply the SAS technology for autoantibodies in the serum of MS patients, an optimization was necessary to deplete cDNA products that encode IgG fragments derived from B cells present in the MS brain plaques. We describe a differential screening procedure in which positive selection rounds on MS serum and negative selection rounds on healthy control serum were alternated to optimize the selection procedure. As a result, a substantial decrease of IgG-displaying phage clones was observed after each negative selection round, thereby preventing an overgrowth of IgG-displaying phage clones. Our depletion strategy was therefore successful in preventing the enrichment of IgG-displaying phage clones. This approach will facilitate the identification of possible MS-related antigens.
Effects of biodegradable self‐reinforced polyglycolic acid, poly‐dl‐lactic acid and stainless‐steel spiral stents on uroepithelium after Nd:YAG laser irradiation of the canine prostate (1997)

The histopathological changes in tissues caused by SR-PGA and SR-PLA stents were generally minor and decreased during the follow-up. The biocompatibility of SR-PGA and SR-PLA stents was good when combined with Nd:YAG laser treatment of the prostate.
Photosensitization of ZnO Nanowires with CdSe Quantum Dots for Photovoltaic Devices (2007)

We combine CdSe semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots) and single-crystal ZnO nanowires to demonstrate a new type of quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell. An array of ZnO nanowires was grown vertically from a fluorine-doped tin oxide conducting substrate. CdSe quantum dots, capped with mercaptopropionic acid, were attached to the surface of the nanowires. When illuminated with visible light, the excited CdSe quantum dots injected electrons across the quantum dot-nanowire interface. The morphology of the nanowires then provided the photoinjected electrons with a direct electrical pathway to the photoanode. With a liquid electrolyte as the hole transport medium, quantum-dot-sensitized nanowire solar cells exhibited short-circuit currents ranging from 1 to 2 mA/cm2 and open-circuit voltages of 0.5-0.6 V when illuminated with 100 mW/cm2 simulated AM1.5 spectrum. Internal quantum efficiencies as high as 50-60% were also obtained.
Optimal injection of harmonics in circulating currents of modular multilevel converters for capacitor voltage ripple minimization (2013)

This paper proposes an algorithm to calculate the optimal amplitude and phase of the harmonic current components that can be injected in the circulating currents of a modular multilevel converter (MMC) to minimize the capacitor voltage fluctuations. An optimal second harmonic component and an optimal set of second and fourth harmonic components are proposed. Simulation results are obtained in MATLAB/Simulink environment to study the effectiveness of the calculated optimal currents. Selected experimental results have been obtained from an MMC laboratory prototype, testing the effects of the circulating currents. The reported results demonstrate the effectiveness of using a fourth harmonic component in the circulating current, which improves the effect of the second harmonic on reducing the capacitor voltage fluctuations.
Corneal Topography for Intraocular Lens Power Calculations (1996)

The standard keratometer is useless in cases in which the mires appear irregular or incomplete. In such cases, computer-assisted corneal topography can be used successfully. Recently, a new corneal topography index has been developed, the average corneal power, which is a measure of the average corneal power within the entrance pupil. We are currently evaluating the use of average corneal power to assist in the calculation of IOL powers.
Accuracy of noninvasive hemoglobin and invasive point‐of‐care hemoglobin testing compared with a laboratory analyzer (2013)

Noninvasive hemoglobin testing with SpHb provided similar accuracy as invasive point-of-care hemoglobin testing and may enable more efficient and effective patient care.
Runway and highway traction studies - The problem, the objection, and the programme in Great Britain. Part 1 - Runway traction studies (1969)

In addition to fundamental studies of friction, the traction research programme in Great Britain is aimed at minimising the risk of accidents due to inadequate friction.Attempts are being made to discover which paving surfaces provide the highest level of wet friction and least susceptibility to aquaplaning.The durability of the surfaces and their influence on tyre wear are also being studied.Criteria and methods for assessing when substandard friction conditions exist and when aircraft a r e liable to aquaplane are being developed in order to provide engineering and operational control.
Platelet apoptosis and activation in platelet concentrates stored for up to 12 days in plasma or additive solution (2010)

We conclude that storage of platelets in 70% Composol vs 100% plasma does not increase the rate of platelet apoptosis. Our data agree with other studies suggesting that platelet apoptosis is sequential to high levels of activation, but share a significant degree of overlap.
A new link between transcriptional initiation and pre-mRNA splicing: The RNA binding histone variant H2A.B (2017)

The replacement of histone H2A with its variant forms is critical for regulating all aspects of genome organisation and function. The histone variant H2A.B appeared late in evolution and is most highly expressed in the testis followed by the brain in mammals. This raises the question of what new function(s) H2A.B might impart to chromatin in these important tissues. We have immunoprecipitated the mouse orthologue of H2A.B, H2A.B.3 (H2A.Lap1), from testis chromatin and found this variant to be associated with RNA processing factors and RNA Polymerase (Pol) II. Most interestingly, many of these interactions with H2A.B.3 (Sf3b155, Spt6, DDX39A and RNA Pol II) were inhibited by the presence of endogenous RNA. This histone variant can bind to RNA directly in vitro and in vivo, and associates with mRNA at intron-exon boundaries. This suggests that the ability of H2A.B to bind to RNA negatively regulates its capacity to bind to these factors (Sf3b155, Spt6, DDX39A and RNA Pol II). Unexpectedly, H2A.B.3 forms highly decompacted nuclear subdomains of active chromatin that co-localizes with splicing speckles in male germ cells. H2A.B.3 ChIP-Seq experiments revealed a unique chromatin organization at active genes being not only enriched at the transcription start site (TSS), but also at the beginning of the gene body (but being excluded from the +1 nucleosome) compared to the end of the gene. We also uncover a general histone variant replacement process whereby H2A.B.3 replaces H2A.Z at intron-exon boundaries in the testis and the brain, which positively correlates with expression and exon inclusion. Taken together, we propose that a special mechanism of splicing may occur in the testis and brain whereby H2A.B.3 recruits RNA processing factors from splicing speckles to active genes following its replacement of H2A.Z.
N-cadherin-mediated cell contact inhibits granulosa cell apoptosis in a progesterone-independent manner. (1996)

Previous studies have shown that both progesterone and cell contact inhibit granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis in vitro. Since the progesterone concentration associated with aggregated GCs may be higher than that of single GCs, experiments were conducted to differentiate progesterone's action from that of cell contact. For these studies, GCs were isolated from immature rats. Large GCs were collected after Percoll gradient centrifugation and placed in serum-free culture for 24 h. These studies confirmed that the rate of apoptosis was 2-3 times higher for single GCs than for aggregated GCs. This relationship was observed in the presence of aminoglutethimide, where progesterone concentrations were 3 ng/ml or less. A dose-response studied revealed that a minimum of 100 ng/ml progesterone were required to suppress apoptosis of single GCs. In addition, a single cell contact was shown to be sufficient to suppress apoptosis, with a small nonsteroidogenic GC being as effective as a large steroidogenic GC. Taken together, these data support the concept that cell contact blocks apoptosis in a progesterone-independent manner. GC contact is due to the presence of gap and adhesion-type junctions. To assess which, if either, of these junctions is involved in mediating the antiapoptotic action of cell contact, cocultures were set-up between GCs and R2C cells. Contact with R2C cells inhibits GC apoptosis, but does not result in the formation of functional gap junctions. This demonstrates that gap junctions are not essential to maintain GC viability. Adhesion-type junctions result from a homophilic binding of N-cadherin, which is expressed by both GCs and R2C cells. When this binding is inhibited by treatment with either an antibody to N-cadherin or a synthetic N-cadherin peptide, cell aggregation is attenuated. For those cells that form cell contacts in the presence of these N-cadherin-binding inhibitors, the percentage of apoptotic cells is increased compared to that in controls. These observations suggest that homophilic binding of N-cadherin molecules on the surface membranes of adjacent GCs initiates a signal transduction cascade that ultimately inhibits apoptosis.
Experimental study of a megawatt 200–300 GHz gyrotron oscillator (1993)

A detailed experimental study is presented of a pulsed megawatt gyrotron oscillator operating in the 200–300 GHz range, whose design is consistent with continuous operation for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) of fusion plasmas. Two different radii beams produced by magnetron injection guns (MIG’s) were used to excite the cylindrical waveguide cavity. The emission was found experimentally to be single mode, single frequency with a single rotation, which can be mode converted for transmission. The highest power reached with the larger radius electron beam was 1.2 MW at 230 GHz in the TE34,6 mode with an efficiency of 20% and beam parameters of 59 A and 100 kV. The highest power reached with the smaller radius electron beam was 0.78 MW at 280 GHz in the TE25,13 mode with an efficiency of 17% and beam parameters of 51 A and 92 kV. The smaller radius beam gave a peak efficiency of 18% at 0.72 MW, 290 GHz in the TE25,14 mode. Efficiencies obtained in this experiment are about half that of less highly overmoded gyrotrons. Analysis of the experiment suggests that the low efficiency is primarily caused by azimuthal mode competition, in agreement with multimode theory for a tapered cavity. These experimental results show that megawatt power levels can be generated in continuous wave (cw) gyrotron oscillators at 200–300 GHz with efficiencies approaching 20%.
<i>LOP1</i>: a gene involved in auxin transport and vascular patterning in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (1996)

We have taken a genetic approach to understanding the mechanisms that control vascular patterning in the leaves of higher plants. Here we present the identification and characterization of the lop1 mutant of Arabidopsis which is defective in basipetal transport of IAA. Mutant leaf midveins show disoriented axial growth, and bifurcation into twin veins that are frequently rotated out of the normal dorsal/ventral axis of the leaf. Mutant plants also display abnormal patterns of cell expansion in the midrib cortex and in the epidermis of the elongation zone of lateral roots. Lateral roots show abnormal curvature during initiation, sometimes encircling the primary root prior to growth in a normal downward direction. Mutant seedlings have normal levels of free IAA, and appear normal in auxin perception, suggesting that transport is the primary lesion. The abnormalities in vascular development, lateral root initiation and patterns of cell expansion observed in the lop] mutant are consistent with a basic disruption in basipetal transport of IAA.
Two Modes of Nanoleakage Expression in Single-step Adhesives (2002)

Self-etch adhesives that etch, prime, and bond simultaneously should not exhibit incomplete resin infiltration within hybrid layers. We hypothesized that nanoleakage patterns in these systems are artifacts caused by mineral dissolution in mildly acidic silver nitrate. Resin-dentin interfaces bonded with four single-step, self-etch adhesives were examined for nanoleakage by conventional (pH 4.2) and basic ammoniacal (pH 9.5) silver nitrate and prepared for transmission electron microscopy. All adhesives exhibited a reticular mode of nanoleakage within hybrid layers when conventional silver nitrate was used. With ammoniacal silver nitrate, an additional spotted pattern of nanoleakage was observed within adhesive and hybrid layers. The reticular mode of nanoleakage in self-etch adhesives probably represents sites of incomplete water removal that leads to regional suboptimal polymerization. The spotted pattern identified with the use of ammoniacal silver nitrate probably represents potentially permeable regions in the adhesive and hybrid layers that result from the interaction of the basic diamine silver ions with acidic/hydrophilic resin components.
Endothelial damage due to impaired nitric oxide bioavailability triggers cerebral aneurysm formation in female rats (2009)

A therapy targeted at the endothelium and management of hypertension may help to prevent cerebral aneurysms.
Novel synthesis of a [10](2,6)pyridinophane, a structural isomer of muscopyridine (1976)

The [10](2,6)pyridinophane (8) is readily prepared in three steps from 1-methoxycyclododecene (1); the activated intermediate (5), formed by Beckmann rearrangement of the oxime (4), is intercepted by the intramolecular CC bond.
Vimentin Is a Novel Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Target; Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Mice Xenograft Studies (2010)

In light of these findings, evaluation of Withaferin-A, its analogs, or other anti-vimentin therapeutic approaches in soft tissue sarcoma and "epithelial to mesenchymal transition" clinical contexts is warranted.
A spiral wave front beacon for underwater navigation: Transducer prototypes and testing (2012)

Transducers for acoustic beacons which can produce outgoing signals with wave fronts whose horizontal cross sections are circular or spiral are studied experimentally. A remote hydrophone is used to determine its aspect relative to the transducers by comparing the phase of the circular signal to the phase of the spiral signal. The transducers for a "physical-spiral" beacon are made by forming a strip of 1-3 piezocomposite transducer material around either a circular or spiral backing. A "phased-spiral" beacon is made from an array of transducer elements which can be driven either in phase or staggered out of phase so as to produce signals with either a circular or spiral wave front. Measurements are made to study outgoing signals and their usefulness in determining aspect angle. Vertical beam width is also examined and phase corrections applied when the hydrophone is out of the horizontal plane of the beacon. While numerical simulations indicate that the discontinuity in the physical-spiral beacon introduces errors into the measured phase, damping observed at the ends of the piezocomposite material is a more significant source of error. This damping is also reflected in laser Doppler vibrometer measurements of the transducer's surface velocity.
Parallel Sorted Neighborhood Blocking with MapReduce (2010)

Cloud infrastructures enable the efficient parallel execution of data-intensive tasks such as entity resolution on large datasets. We investigate challenges and possible solutions of using the MapReduce programming model for parallel entity resolution. In particular, we propose and evaluate two MapReduce-based implementations for Sorted Neighborhood blocking that either use multiple MapReduce jobs or apply a tailored data replication.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOINDUCED REACTIONS. 110. MECHANISM OF INDOLE‐SINGLET OXYGEN REACTIONS. INTERCEPTION OF ZWITTERIONIC INTERMEDIATES AND ENE REACTION (1980)

Abstract Während die Photooxygenierung (PO) des Indols (I) in Methanol (IVa) bei Raumtemp. das Ringspaltungsprodukt (III) liefert (bekannte Reaktion), kann bei tiefer Temp. das intermediär gebildete Zwitterion (II) mit den Alkoholen (IV) unter Bildung der (instabilen) Produkte (V) abgefangen werden (Abhängigkeit der (V)‐Bildung vom R′ ‐Substituenten; Diskussion der mechanistischen Gründe).
Congruent Melting of Gallium Nitride under High Pressure and Its Application to Single Crystal Growth (2004)

GaN (Gallium Nitride) is an important material in optoelectronic devices for blue light-emitting diodes and lasers. Large-size single crystals of GaN are strongly desired, which can be used as substrates for epitaxial growth. We made in situ X-ray diffraction experiments using a multi-anvil high-pressure apparatus at the SPring-8 to confirm its decomposition and melting behavior under high pressures and temperatures. Congruent melting of GaN occurred around 2220 °C at pressures above 6.0 GPa, and decreasing the temperature allowed the GaN melt to crystallize to the original structure. This result leads to a new synthesis method of high quality single crystals of GaN by means of slow cooling of its stoichiometric melt under high pressure. Single crystal of GaN with a diameter of 100 μm has been obtained successfully that shows a sharp X-ray rocking curve smaller than 30 seconds.
Thermotropic Copolyesters Containing the Bicyclo [2.2.2]Octane Ring System (1988)

Abstract A number of thermotropic copolyesters which contain the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and bicyclo[2.2.2] oct-2-ene ring systems have been synthesized. In order to decrease the melting temperatures to below the decomposition points, the following approaches were used: (1) sebacoyl flexible spacers; (2) ethylene glycol and 1,4-butanediol to form flexible spacer units; (3) trans-1,4-cyclohexylene dimethylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylenedimethylene and 1,4-phenylenedimethylene semiflexible spacers; and (4) the lower symmetry bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene ring system as a replacement for the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane ring system. The polycondensation of terephthaloyl chloride and bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-1,4-diol resulted in the formation of a thermotropic homopolyester.