gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A model of gas temperature decay after arc extinction of small air gaps (2002)

A gas temperature decay model has been developed assuming that the recovering hot gas is a spherical lump and its temperature is uniform throughout the recovery. The calculation of the temperature decay by this model consists of the calculation of the time constants of the decay process of the recovering hot gas as a function of the size of the spherical gas lump and gas temperature. Calculated temperature decay characteristics almost agree with those obtained from experimental voltage-recovery characteristics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Concerns about Sources of Electromagnetic Interference in Patients with Pacemakers. (1999)

Electromagnetic noise is rapidly increasing in our environment so electromagnetic interference (EMI) with pacemakers (PM) may become a more important problem despite technological improvements in PM. The aim of this study was to evaluate the kinds of EMI which affect the quality of life of PM patients. The participants (1,942 Japanese Association for Pacemaker Patients: Pacemaker-Tomonokai) were asked to respond to a questionnaire about their major EMI troubles, and 1,567 patients (80.7%) responded by mail. The main concerns were from mobile telephones (MT) (39%), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (17%), electronic kitchen appliances, automobile engines and high voltage power lines. If possible, PM implantation sites should be carefully selected not only according to the physician's convenience but also considering information on each patient's habits and physical limitations.
DEEP BRAIN STIMULATOR HARDWARE-RELATED INFECTIONS (2008)

In a large series of new DBS hardware implantations, the incidence of postoperative hardware-related infection requiring further surgery was 4.5%. When only one device component was involved, partial hardware removal was often successful.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone regulation of human TSHB expression: role of a pituitary-specific transcription factor (Pit-1/GHF-1) and potential interaction with a thyroid hormone-inhibitory element. (1991)

Regulation of human thyrotropin beta subunit gene (TSHB) expression by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was examined in a clonal rat pituitary-cell line (GH3). Transient expression studies were done with various 5'-flanking DNA sequences of TSHB coupled to reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Deletion analysis defined two discrete regions (-128 to -92 base pairs and -28 to +8 base pairs) that each mediated an approximately 2-fold TRH induction. The upstream site contains a DNA sequence with close homology to the DNA-binding site for a pituitary-specific transcriptional factor Pit-1/GHF-1. DNase I footprinting analysis of mouse thyrotropic tumor extract as well as DNA-transfection studies using an expression vector containing an N-terminal deletion of Pit-1/GHF-1 cDNA suggest that Pit-1/GHF-1 or a closely related protein in the thyrotroph mediates TRH responsiveness of this gene. In addition, the downstream site overlaps with the recently characterized thyroid hormone-inhibitory element of TSHB. In fact, deletion of DNA sequences important in thyroid hormone-receptor binding (c-erbAB/c-ERBA2) from +3 to +8 base pairs, significantly reduced (30%) TRH responsiveness. The location of a TRH-stimulatory element near a thyroid hormone-inhibitory element may allow for fine control of TSHB expression in vivo.
Palladium-Catalyzed Sulfination of Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides: Direct Access to Sulfones and Sulfonamides (2013)

A novel palladium-catalyzed sulfination of aryl and heteroaryl halides is described. This reaction operates under mild conditions and provides access to a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl sulfinates, a useful and versatile class of synthetic intermediates. Capitalizing on this sulfination reaction, one-pot protocols allowing direct access to sulfones and sulfonamides have also been developed. The practicality of these transformations is illustrated with the parallel synthesis of analogues of the drug Viagra.
D/sup 2/-ary signaling for incoherent all-optical CDMA systems (2002)

A new method for two-dimensional multi-ary signaling in optical networks is presented, which combines two signaling schemes, D-ary PPM and D-ary FSK. Jointly with code-division multiple-access (CDMA), higher data rates than in conventional CDMA systems and larger network sizes can be achieved. Also fewer frequencies than in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) are required.
Effect of diffusion on heterogeneous ethylene propylene copolymerization (1994)

Abstract In heterogenous olefin polymerization with Ziegler catalysts, the influence of monomer mass transport in the growing granule on polymer properties has been extensively modeled, but it has not been possible to clearly establish the importance of diffusion experimentally since the multisited nature of most Ziegler catalysts can produce similar effects. In this study, ethylene‐propylene copolymers were made with single‐sited metallocene catalysts by slurry polymerization in liquid monomers. These copolymers had a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution with a composition distribution (CD) broader than expected for a single‐site catalyst. Data analysis indicates that mass‐transfer limitations in the polymer particles are the most likely explanation for the observed results. For amorphous copolymers, a diffusion/reaction model could predict CD breadth in good agreement with experimental data, but for semicrystalline polymers the model was inaccurate. We postulate that model inadequacies are due to radial gradients in monomer diffusivity during polymerization which the model does not account for.
Gelation of polyacrylic acid by divalent cations (1951)

Abstract “Gel point” studies involving polyacrylic acid and certain divalent ions have been carried out. As a gelation agent, barium hydroxide was found to be more effective than strontium hydroxide, which in turn was better than calcium hydroxide. This indicates that the association between inorganic cation and polyacrylate ion is not entirely a matter of coulombic charge. However, experiments involving partial replacement of barium hydroxide by barium chloride suggest that charge is still the most important factor in the bonding. The data cannot be explained upon the basis of simple ionic equilibria.
Learning impedance parameters for robot control using an associative search network (1991)

An evaluation of the associative search network (ASN) learning scheme when used for learning control parameters for robot motion is presented. The control method used is impedance control in which the controlled variables are the dynamic relations between the motion variables of the robot manipulator's tip and the forces exerted by the tip. The main task used is that of wiping a surface whose geometry is not precisely known. The learning scheme does not use a model of the robot and its environment. It is a stochastic scheme that uses a single scalar value as a measure of the system performance. The scheme is found to perform quite well. A few variants of the main scheme are discussed. Modifying the virtual trajectory, externally to the ASN scheme, shows an improved performance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prebiotic and Other Health-Related Effects of Cereal-Derived Arabinoxylans, Arabinoxylan-Oligosaccharides, and Xylooligosaccharides (2011)

Arabinoxylans (AX) from cereals are cell wall components that constitute an important part of the dietary fiber intake in humans. Enzymatic hydrolysis of AX yields arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS), consisting of arabinoxylooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides (XOS). This reaction takes place in the production of AXOS and of cereal-derived food products such as bread and beer, as well as in the colon upon ingestion of AX. This review mainly focuses on the available evidence that AXOS and XOS exert prebiotic effects in the colon of humans and animals through selective stimulation of beneficial intestinal microbiota. In addition, in vitro experiments and in vivo intervention studies on animals or humans are discussed that have investigated potential health-related effects resulting from the dietary intake of AX, AXOS, or XOS.
Prevention of Hydrosilation Cure Inhibition in a Polysiloxane Adhesive by Surface Oxidation (1976)

Abstract For a variety of reasons epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide (ECO)-based compounds, in the form of rain erosion boots or sleeves, are bonded to aircraft radomes using a hydrosilation-cured RTV polysiloxane adhesive. Unfortunately, cure of the adhesive can be completely inhibited by unreacted vulcanizing agent and/or ECO cure by-products. We have earlier shown that this inhibition can be prevented by treating the ECO surface with hydrogen peroxide to oxidize the hydrosilation catalyst poisons to a harmless state. In this study we have used spectroscopic techniques to monitor the hydrosilation reaction kinetics and in turn to identify the poison, define the poisoning level and monitor the poison removal by hydrogen peroxide treatment. The degree of poison removal is also correlated with adhesive bond strength using a 180°; peel test. The critical poison in the system was excess ECO vulcanizing agent which can be completely removed from the surface using a 30 vol. % H2O2 treatment for 30 minutes as long as the initial vulcanizing agent concentration is 1 p.p.h. or less.
A study of floating-body effects on inverter chain delay (2002)

Sub and Fossum (1994) predicted that floating-body effects in partially depleted (PD) SOI transistors will cause the performance of a PD/SOI circuit to depend on its recent history. The voltage of the floating body affects the threshold voltage V/sub t/ which results in hysteretic dependence of leakage current and gate delay. The interactions are complex, and experimental data are needed to confirm the model and establish the significance of the effects on circuit performance. The purpose of this work is to advance understanding of hysteretic floating-body effects, the interplay of time constants involved in these processes, and their impact on circuit performance.
Partners—In Crime (1993)

Britain's railways stand at the threshold of the biggest change that has been seen for half a century. The author's theme is the impact of engineering and organizational changes on people in the railway industry. The management of this change demands understanding of the technology being applied, as well as the changes in practice and behaviour which are needed for it to be successful. The author relates these issues to the people he has worked with throughout his career and the changes he has experienced.
HDA2 and HDA3 are related proteins that interact with and are essential for the activity of the yeast histone deacetylase HDA1 (2001)

Histone deacetylase HDA1, the prototype for the class II mammalian deacetylases, is likely the catalytic subunit of the HDA1-containing complex that is involved in TUP1-specific repression and global deacetylation in yeast. Although the class I RPD3-like enzymatic complexes have been well characterized, little is known about the identity and interactions of the factors that associate to form the HDA1 complex. In this paper, we identify related HDA2 and HDA3 proteins that are found in the HDA1 complex and show that HDA1 interacts with itself and with the HDA2-HDA3 subcomplex to form a likely tetramer. These interactions are necessary for catalytic activity because mutations in any of the three components disrupt activity both in vitro and in vivo. In this respect the HDA1 complex differs from yeast RPD3, which has components such as SIN3 that are not essential for activity in vitro, and yeast HOS3, which has intrinsic in vitro activity as a homodimer in the absence of other subunits.
Evaluation of Soil and Plant Nitrogen Tests for Maize on Manured Soils of the Atlantic Coastal Plain (1995)

Abstract Improved N management programs for fertilizers and manures are needed in the Atlantic Coastal Plain because of concerns about agriculture's role in groundwater contamination with nitrate‐N. We conducted a 3‐yr study (1990–1992) at 56 locations in Delaware to evaluate the use of soil and plant N tests as components of a manure‐based N management program for maize. In Phase 1 (15 sites), a factorial design was used; main plots were either poultry manure (PM, at 4.5 Mg ha −1 ) applied at planting or starter fertilizer (SF, at 30 kg N ha −1 ) and split plots were six rates of sidedress N. Phase 2 was conducted on 41 farms and evaluated the response of maize to sidedress N (0 to 268 kg N ha −1 ). The pre‐sidedress soil nitrate test (PSNT) and two quicktests (the Nitrachek and Cardy meters) were used to identify N‐sufficient sites in both phases. In Phase 1, we also evaluated the effect of time and depth of PSNT sampling and two plant N tests: the leaf chlorophyll meter (LCM; 1992 only) and the late‐season stalk nitrate test. Maize response to sidedress N was rare at manured sites, and the ratio of total N added as manure and/or fertilizer to maize yield was consistently lower than the commonly used value of 17.8 kg N Mg −1 maize (1.0 pound N bushel −1 maize). Average ratios for manured and nonmanured sites in Phase 1 were 13.0 and 13.2 kg N Mg −1 maize. The PSNT effectively identified N‐sufficient or N‐deficient sites ≈70% of the time. Delaying sampling, deeper sampling, or using NH 4 ‐N + NO 3 ‐N instead of NO 3 ‐N alone did not significantly improve predictive accuracy of the PSNT. The stalk nitrate test was found to be effective at identifying sites that were nonresponsive to sidedress N; our critical range was 0.7 to 2.0 g NO 3 ‐N kg −1 . The LCM results were encouraging and suggest that further research should be conducted on its use as an alternative to the PSNT. The Nitrachek meter was better correlated with laboratory measurements of soil NO 3 ‐N ( r 2 = 0.87***) than the Cardy meter ( r 2 = 0.60***) and should be an effective means to identify N‐sufficient sites under field conditions.
Short-pulse metal structuring: a method for modifying surface adhesion properties (2008)

Surface structuring with ultrashort laser pulses provides the flexibility to generate micro- and nano-sized structures in desired patterns on metal surfaces - also on non-flat objects. The structures largely preserve the strength of the native material, since they are formed with minimal thermal effects on the surrounding regions. This talk will demonstrate the capabilities with and flexibility of short-pulse surface structuring. Recent results encompass tailoring material surfaces for optimal adhesion in specific industrially important applications and laser structuring of medical implant surfaces to improve their biocompatibility.
Preparation of liquid‐filled micelles based on an amphiphilic triblock copolymer (2009)

Abstract A series of novel amphiphilic triblock poly(ethylene glycol)‐ b ‐poly(2‐aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride)‐ b ‐poly(heptadeca‐fluorodecyl acrylate) (PEG‐ b ‐PAEMA‐ b ‐PHFDA) comprised of two hydrophilic PEG and PAEMA segments and one hydrophobic PHFDA segment was designed and synthesized. The structure of the triblock copolymer was characterized by 1 H‐NMR and GPC analysis. The amphiphilic triblock copolymer was capable of self‐assembling into liquid‐filled micelles that consisted of PHFDA and liquid perfluorocarbons (PFCs) as the core and PEG as outer shell. PAEMA can be used as cross‐linking sites to increase the stability of the liquid‐filled micelles. The shape, size, and Acoustic properties of the obtained liquid‐filled micelles were investigated. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Detection of apoptotic cell death in vitro in the presence of Gd‐DTPA‐BMA (2009)

Due to variability in patient response to cancer therapy, there is a growing interest in monitoring patient progress during treatment. Apoptotic cell death is one early marker of tumor response to treatment. Using known extracellular concentrations of gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid bismethylamide (Gd-DTPA-BMA) to vary the exchange regime, T(1) and T(2) relaxation data for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell samples were obtained and then analyzed using a two-pool model of relaxation with exchange. Leukemia cells treated with cisplatin to induce apoptosis exhibited a statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in intracellular longitudinal relaxation time, T(1I), from 1030 ms to 940 ms, a decrease (P < 0.001) in the intracellular water fraction, M(0I), from 0.86 to 0.68 and a statistically significant increase (P < 0.01) in transmembrane water exchange rate, k(IE), from 1.4 s(-1) to 6.8 s(-1). The changes in MR parameters correlated with quantitative histology, such as cellular cross-sectional area and average nuclear area measurements. The results of this study emphasize the importance of accounting for water exchange in dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) studies, particularly those that examine tumor response to therapies in which apoptotic changes occur.
Potential antileukemic and immunosuppressive drugs. 3. Effects of homocyclic ring substitution on the in vitro drug activity of 4-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazoles (4-nitrobenzofurazans) and their N-oxides (4-nitrobenzofuroxans) (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPotential antileukemic and immunosuppressive drugs. 3. Effects of homocyclic ring substitution on the in vitro drug activity of 4-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazoles (4-nitrobenzofurazans) and their N-oxides (4-nitrobenzofuroxans)P. B. Ghosh, B. Ternai, and M. W. WhitehouseCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15, 3, 255–260Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00273a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00273a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views372Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photocatalytic degradation of methyl-tert-butyl ether in TiO2 slurries: A proposed reaction scheme (1995)

Among the various alternatives to enhance the octane rating of gasoline, methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has become increasingly the compound of choice. Due to its high solubility in water there are some environmental concerns related to the remediation of waters contaminated with gasoline containing MTBE. Although MTBE is difficult to treat economically with conventional techniques, it has been found to be readily degraded photocatalytically. In batch TiO2 slurries and under the experimental conditions used in these experiments MTBE degradation proceeded with an initial pseudo first-order rate constant of 1.2 · 10−3 s−1. The primary by-products of this reaction have been identified as t-butyl formate and t-butyl alcohol, both of which are also readily degraded photocatalytically, albeit at slightly slower rates than MTBE. Mass balance calculations have shown that MTBE is virtually completely mineralized and a reaction scheme is proposed.
CD47 promotes ovarian cancer progression by inhibiting macrophage phagocytosis (2017)

Targeting CD47 efficiently enhances macrophage phagocytosis in both physiological and pathological conditions. Anti-CD47 antibodies have been shown to inhibit the progression of several types of cancer. However, the mechanism of anti-CD47 monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment remains controversial. In this study, we confirmed that CD47 protein is highly expressed in ovarian cancer, and is correlated with poor clinical characteristics and prognosis. CD47 knockdown in the ovarian cancer cell line, SK-OV-3, promoted phagocytosis by macrophages in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. These data combined suggest that CD47 inhibition is a potential strategy for cancer treatment. Using an anti-CD47 mAb, we found that CD47 inhibition in both SK-OV-3 cells and primary cancer cells was able to recapitulate our knockdown results and led to an increase in the number of infiltrating macrophages. In addition, the CD133+ tumor initiating cells expressed a high level of CD47, and anti-CD47 mAb treatment was able to trigger the phagocytosis of this cell population. In conclusion, our results indicate that CD47 inhibits macrophage phagocytosis of ovarian cancer cells, and down-regulation of CD47 or inhibiting CD47 by mAb was able to reverse the negative effect. Thus, CD47 antibody therapy may be a promising strategy to treat ovarian cancer.
Diseño de un material didáctico multimedia de laboratorio de química orgánica (2016)

In this work, the development of a digital material for the organic chemistry laboratory is proposed. This is planned from a pedagogical design in order to increase the integration between theory and practice; promote the learning of scientific knowledge and critical thinking. It has been shown that in order to produce an effective support in the process of teaching and learning of science, the development of digital materials or educational software, must be based on the pedagogical principles instead of common methodologies for this kind of resource. Problem solving was applied in the pedagogical design. The role of professors in the interface design of very creative, innovative, dynamic, interactive and flexible contents, with the support of technology, from the learning needs, an evaluation of the learning objectives full of animations and simulations, is essential in order to stimulate the role of the student.
[Automated kinetic assay of plasmatic L-asparaginase activity undergoing therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. (2005)

The L-asparaginase is a critical drug for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, that achieves blood L-asparagin depletion. However, such a therapy is associated with a high rate of negative side effects, particularly antibody synthesis against L-asparaginase. This therefore decreases therapy efficiency requiring the monitoring of L-asparaginase activity since L-asparagin determination is not easy. We compared here the results obtained with an automated kinetic enzymatic method to those obtained with the most commonly used Nessler reagent method. The correlation coefficient, r = 0,992, obtained was very good, and the allometric regression line was y = 1,038x - 0,37 microkat/L. We also showed that the specificity and the precision were better with the enzymatic method than the Nessler one. Moreover, the enzymatic method was easier and required less time to perform. Finally, the method appears able to perform real time monitoring of the therapy.