gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Granulomatous processes in the lungs]. (1990)

Findings of lung granulomas are not rare but their etiology may be embarrassing in autoptic and especially in bioptic material which is shown in two such cases: a 19-year old drug addict man practising intravenous administration of Alnagon pills and a 54-year old woman working with acrylonitrile fibres. Differential diagnosis of granulomas is discussed at large.
Macroscopic Alignment of One-Dimensional Conjugated Polymer Nanocrystallites for High-Mobility Organic Field-Effect Transistors (2016)

Controlling the morphology of polymer semiconductors remains a fundamental challenge that hinders their widespread applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices and commercial feasibility. Although conjugated polymer nanowires (NWs) are envisioned to afford high charge-carrier mobility, the alignment of preformed conjugated polymer NWs has not been reported. Here, we demonstrate an extremely simple and effective strategy to generate well-aligned arrays of one-dimensional (1D) polymer semiconductors that exhibit remarkable enhancement in charge transport using a solution shear-coating technique. We show that solution shear coating of poly(alkylthiophene) NWs induces extension or coplanarization of the polymer backbone and highly aligned network films, which results in enhanced intra- and intermolecular ordering and reduced grain boundaries. Consequently, highly aligned poly(3-hexylthiophene) NWs exhibited over 33-fold enhancement in the average carrier mobility, with the highest mobility of 0.32 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) compared to pristine films. The presented platform is a promising strategy and general approach for achieving well-aligned 1D nanostructures of polymer semiconductors and could enable the next generation of high-performance flexible electronic devices for a wide range of applications.
A portable infrared laser spectrometer for flux measurements of trace gases at the geosphere–atmosphere interface (2011)

International audience
SCGPSim: a fast SystemC simulator on GPUs (2010)

The main objective of this paper is to speed up the simulation performance of SystemC designs at the RTL abstraction level by exploiting the high degree of parallelism afforded by today's general purpose graphics processors (GPGPUs). Our approach parallelizes SystemC's discrete-event simulation (DES) on GPGPUs by transforming the model of computation of DES into a model of concurrent threads that synchronize as and when necessary. Unlike the cooperative threading model employed in the SystemC reference implementation, our threading model is capable of executing in parallel on the large number of simple processing units available on GPUs. Our simulation infrastructure is called SCGPSim1 and it includes a source-to-source (S2S) translator to transform synthesizable SystemC models into parallelly executable programs targeting an NVIDIA GPU. The translator retains the simulation semantics of the original designs by applying semantics preserving transformations. The resulting transformed models mapped onto the massively parallel architecture of GPUs improve simulation efficiency quite substantially. Preliminary experiments with varying-sized examples such as AES, ALU, and FIR have shown simulation speed-ups ranging from 30x to 100x. Considering that our transformations are not yet optimized, we believe that optimizing them will improve the simulation performance even further.
Paired and Single Strain Protease Negative Lactic Streptococci for Cheese Manufacture (1984)

After propagation in pH-controlled media, pairs of protease negative lactic streptococci produced acid better than the single component strains. Some protease positive pairs remained balanced with 1:1 ratios and others produced 9:1 ratios after one propagation.
Structural, Electrochemical, and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Redox Pair of Sulfite-Based Polyoxotungstates:  α-[W<sub>18</sub>O<sub>54</sub>(SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>4</sup><sup>-</sup> and α-[W<sub>18</sub>O<sub>54</sub>(SO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>]<sup>5</sup><sup>-</sup> (2007)

The synthesis, isolation, and structural characterization of the fully oxidized sulfite-based polyoxotungstate cluster (Pr4N)4{alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]}.2CH3CN and the one-electron reduced form (Pr4N)5{alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]}.2CH3CN has been achieved. alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5- was obtained as a Pr4N+ salt by reducing the "Trojan Horse" [W18O56(SO3)2(H2O)2]8- cluster via a template orientation transformation. Acetonitrile solutions of pure alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5- also were prepared electrochemically by one-electron bulk reductive electrolysis of alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]4-. Cyclic voltammetry of alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]4- and alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5- in CH3CN (0.1 M Hx4NClO4) produces evidence for an extensive series of reversible one-electron redox processes, that are associated with the tungsten-oxo framework of the polyoxometalate cluster. Hydrodynamic voltammograms in CH3CN exhibit the expected sign and magnitude of the steady-state limiting current values for the alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]4-/5-/6- series and confirm the existence of a stable one-electron reduced species, alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5-. Employment of the Randles-Sevcik (cyclic voltammetry) and Levich (rotating disk electrode) equations at a glassy carbon electrode (d=3 mm) enable diffusion coefficient values of 3.7 and 3.8x10(-6) cm2 s-1 to be obtained for alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]4- and alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5-, respectively. The tungsten polyoxometalates are highly photoactive, since measurable photocurrents and color changes are detected for both species upon irradiation with white light. EPR spectra obtained from both acetonitrile solution and solid samples, down to temperatures as low as 2.3 K, of the chemically and electrochemically prepared one-electron reduced species provided evidence that the unpaired electron in alpha-[W18O54(SO3)2]5- is delocalized over a number of atoms in the polyoxometalate structure, even at very low temperatures.
Induction of the Gα <sub>q</sub> Signaling Cascade by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Is Required for Virus Entry (2008)

Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) with the primary receptor CD4 and one of two coreceptors, CXCR4 or CCR5, activates a signaling cascade resulting in Rac-1 GTPase activation and stimulation of actin cytoskeletal reorganizations critical for HIV-1-mediated membrane fusion. The mechanism by which HIV-1 Env induces Rac-1 activation and subsequent actin cytoskeleton rearrangement is unknown. In this study, we show that Env-mediated Rac-1 activation is dependent on the activation of Galpha(q) and its downstream targets. Fusion and Rac-1 activation are mediated by Galpha(q) and phospholipase C (PLC), as shown by attenuation of fusion and Rac-1 activation in cells either expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Galpha(q) or treated with the PLC inhibitor U73122. Rac-1 activation and fusion were also blocked by multiple protein kinase C inhibitors, by inhibitors of intracellular Ca2+ release, by Pyk2-targeted siRNA, and by the Ras inhibitor S-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS). Fusion was blocked without altering cell viability or cell surface localization of CD4 and CCR5. Similar results were obtained when cell fusion was induced by Env expressed on viral and cellular membranes and when cell lines or primary cells were the target. Treatment with inhibitors and siRNA specific for Galpha(i) or Galpha(s) signaling mediators had no effect on Env-mediated Rac-1 activation or cell fusion, indicating that the Galpha(q) pathway alone is responsible. These results could provide a new focus for therapeutic intervention with drugs targeting host signaling mediators rather than viral molecules, a strategy which is less likely to result in resistance.
A simple guide to determine elastic properties of films on substrate from nanoindentation experiments (2006)

Several models have been developed to extract the intrinsic elastic modulus of thin films from the composite film/substrate modulus value obtained from indentation tests on coated systems. Either analytical, semi-analytical or empirical, they generally propose an expression for the composite modulus as a function of the film and substrate elastic moduli and of the film thickness. When the substrate properties and the film thickness are known, the expression without adjustable parameter contains only the film elastic modulus as an unknown parameter, which can thus be deduced. In this paper, some models from the literature are briefly described and compared with the easy-to-use model we have developed. Based on experimental results obtained with various film/substrate systems, this paper also aims to demonstrate that the error induced by the uncertainty in the knowledge of the substrate Young's modulus value and in the film thickness value is often as large as the difference resulting from the choice of the model.
Sero-characterization of lipopolysaccharide from Burkholderia thailandensis (2008)

We report the successful purification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Burkholderia thailandensis, a Gram-negative bacterium, closely related to the highly pathogenic organisms B. pseudomallei and B. mallei. Burkholderia thailandensis LPS is shown to cross-react with rabbit and mouse sera obtained from inoculation with B. pseudomallei or B. mallei, respectively. These data suggest that B. thailandensis LPS shares similar structural features with LPS molecules from highly pathogenic Burkholderia species. This information may prove useful in ongoing efforts to develop novel vaccines and/or diagnostic reagents.
On original generation of structure in legal documents (2003)

This position paper advocates a vision in the development of automated legal reasoning and presents evidence supporting the plausibility of that vision. The paper observes that original creation of documents of legal import in either fully formal or semistructured form offers the prospect of greatly reducing the cost and expanding the scope of knowledge engineering for legal reasoning. This, it is claimed, is most likely to be achieved via formalization of various sublanguages of legal discourse. SeaSpeak is an example of such a sublanguage and it appears to be amenable to full formalization. Short of that, much can be done with partial formalization and semistructured documents. The paper presents a tabular format for message expression, motivated by a formal agent communication language.
Scheduled voltage scaling for increasing lifetime in the presence of NBTI (2009)

Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) is a leading reliability concern for integrated circuits (ICs). It gradually increases the threshold voltages of PMOS transistors, thereby increasing delay. We propose scheduled voltage scaling, a technique that gradually increases the operating voltage of the IC to compensate for NBTI-related performance degradation. Scheduled voltage scaling has the potential to increase IC lifetime by 46% relative to the conventional approach using guard banding for ICs fabricated using a 45 nm process.
Adaptive rate control for H.264 (2005)

This paper presents a rate control scheme for H.264 by introducing the concept of basic unit and a linear prediction model. The basic unit can be a macroblock (MB), a slice, or a frame. It can be used to obtain a trade-off between the overall coding efficiency and the bits fluctuation. The linear model is used to solve the chicken and egg dilemma existing in the rate control of H.264. Both constant bit rate (CBR) and variable bit rate (VBR) cases are studied. Our scheme has been adopted by H.264.
Field‐Effect Transistors: Wafer‐Scale Synthesis of Reliable High‐Mobility Molybdenum Disulfide Thin Films via Inhibitor‐Utilizing Atomic Layer Deposition (Adv. Mater. 47/2017) (2017)

A reliable and rapid manufacturing process of 2D semiconductor material remains a fundamental challenge toward its successful incorporation in high-performance nanoelectronics. In article number 1703031, Ji-Hoon Ahn, Seong-Jun Jeong, and co-workers introduce inhibitor-utilizing atomic layer deposition (iALD) as a noval method to meet these requirements on a wafer-scale. They successfully demonstrate highly crystalline few-layered iALD-MoS2 thin films with excellent mobility (11.8 cm2 V−1 s−1) and on/off ratios (>108) as the channel material in field-effect transistors on a 6″ wafer.
Moniliasis with Meningeal Involvement (1933)

Journal Article Moniliasis with Meningeal Involvement Get access Lawrence W. Smith, Lawrence W. Smith Laboratories of the Willard Parker Hospital, Department of Hospitals, and the Pathological Department, Cornell Medical College-New York Hospital AssociationNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Machteld E. Sano Machteld E. Sano Laboratories of the Willard Parker Hospital, Department of Hospitals, and the Pathological Department, Cornell Medical College-New York Hospital AssociationNew York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 53, Issue 2, September 1933, Pages 187–196, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/53.2.187 Published: 01 September 1933 Article history Received: 02 March 1933 Published: 01 September 1933
MCC-1: A Standard Leach Test for Nuclear Waste Forms (1982)

A Materials Characterization Center (MCC) has been established by the U.S. Department of Energy at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL). Five proposed standard leach tests and typical results using the MCC-1 static test are presented. For the borosilicate glass studied (PNL 76-78), fivefold replicate experiments show that errors in elemental leach values are usually less than ±10%. Regular time-dependent leach curves are obtained, and no significant difference is observed between pure water and simulated silicate/bicarbonate groundwater results. Leaching in salt brine is quite different, especially as shown by elemental depth profiles in the solid; these profiles show significant magnesium penetration into the gel layer from the brine solution.
Comparative investigations on the silylation of cellulose with monofunctional and multifunctional organosilanes (1994)

Autor: Schuldt, U. et al.; Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel; Im Druck veröffentlicht: 1994; Titel: Comparative investigations on the silylation of cellulose with monofunctional and multifunctional organosilanes
Targeting the Molecular Chaperone Heat Shock Protein 90 Provides a Multifaceted Effect on Diverse Cell Signaling Pathways of Cancer Cells (2007)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone required for the stability and function of several conditionally activated and/or expressed signaling proteins as well as multiple mutated, chimeric, and/or overexpressed signaling proteins, which promote cancer cell growth and/or survival (see
Mesenchymal stem cell‐conditioned medium accelerates wound healing with fewer scars (2015)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from umbilical cords (UC-MSCs) have been shown to enhance cutaneous wound healing by means of the paracrine activity. Fibroblasts are the primary cells involved in wound repair. The paracrine effects of UC-MSCs on dermal fibroblasts have not been fully explored in vitro or in vivo. Dermal fibroblasts were treated with conditioned media from UC-MSCs (UC-MSC-CM). In this model, UC-MSC-CM increased the proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts. Moreover, adult dermal fibroblasts transitioned into a phenotype with a low myofibroblast formation capacity, a decreased ratio of transforming growth factor-β1,3 (TGF-β1/3) and an increased ratio of matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (MMP/TIMP). Additionally, UC-MSC-CM-treated wounds showed accelerated healing with fewer scars compared with control groups. These observations suggest that UC-MSC-CM may be a feasible strategy to promote cutaneous repair and a potential means to realise scarless healing.
Coulomb enhancement of the third-order optical nonlinearities in quantum wells (1992)

The investigation of Khurgin and Li [Appl. Phys. A 53, 527 (1991)] on the electrostatic Coulomb enhancement of the third-order intersubband nonlinearities in stepped quantum wells is extended by taking into account the modification of the intersubband resonant energy by the depolarization effect. It was found that the ratio of the depolarization enhancement factor (ηd) to the electrostatic Coulomb enhancement factor (ηe) strongly depends on the shape of the quantum well. Obtained results show that, in the case of the conventional square quantum well, factor ηd is several times larger than ηe while in strongly asymmetric stepped quantum wells ηd≪ηe.
DOME: dynamic optimization on multiprocessor engines, a statistical approach (1993)

To efficiently handle a continuous increase in the volume of information, elaborate multicomputer database machines and sophisticated software tools are employed. Maximum exploitation of parallelism dictates an even partitioning of the computation across the processing sites. To achieve a uniform load is difficult when the data are highly skewed since characterizing the expected workload can introduce significant overhead. We develop a query optimization approach, named Dynamic Optimization on Multiprocessor Engines (DOME), that uses a dynamic sampling methodology to determine the frequency distribution along each level of the query tree. DOME covers the three main multiprocessor query optimization areas of Workload Partitioning, Site Selection, and Operation Ordering.
The DOME optimizer samples the input relations of a query tree and subsequently performs the computation of the query on the samples to generate the intermediate results of the tree. Contrary to previous static optimizers that use analytical formulas to estimate the frequency distribution of the relations at higher levels of the query tree DOME derives the required frequency distribution by analyzing the characteristics of the developed sampled relations. We prove that the application of the same relational operation on relations and their samples produces relations with the same statistical characteristics.
We implemented DOME on an Intel i860 hypercube system with 32 nodes and test its behavior through extensive experimentation. DOME provides uniform workload distribution across all the tests. The Workload Partitioning algorithms yields an order of magnitude factor improvement over prior approaches for highly skewed data during Project-Join execution sequences. The Site Selection algorithms provide approximately a six fold factor improvement over a static allocation approach for Join operation. The Operation Ordering approach provides approximately a 20% improvement over a random resolver for Three-Way Join operations with a sample size of 10% of the input relations. Overall, DOME provides savings across the whole domain of the input datasets, and the savings become significant as the skewness of the input relations grows.
Laser Plasma X-Ray Source And Its Application To Lithography (1989)

Laser plasma is a unique source of high brightness ( > 10<sup>10</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup>) and pulsive ( <10<sup>-9</sup> sec. ) x rays. X-ray spectrum and intensity can be controlled by carefully choosing various experimental parameters such as laser wavelength, target material, and laser pulse width. These detailed knowledge of laser plasma x rays (LAPLAX) may be used for many applications. X-ray lithography is one such example, which is to achieve less than a few thousand Å spatial resolution. Making use of LAPLAX,we propose a conceptual design of an x-ray lithography system.
Carcinoma linfoepitelial de glándula parótida (2011)

El carcinoma linfoepitelial es una entidad poco frecuente en nuestro medio y de muy rara presentacion en glandulas salivares. Los carcinomas malignos de parotida representan un 20% del total de neoplasias de parotida de las cuales el tipo histologico mas frecuente es el carcinoma epidermoide con un 67% de incidencia. El carcinoma linfoepitelial se encuentra entre los tumores malignos no diferenciados los cuales representan menos del 1% de incidencia. Las pruebas de imagen y sobretodo la anatomia patologica resultan imprescindibles para su diagnostico. Presentamos un caso de un carcinoma linfoepitelial de glandula parotida en una paciente de 77 anos que resulta de interes por ser de origen europeo y por dar positivo para el virus de Epstein Barr. Se comenta el caso clinico y se discute sobre los carcinomas linfoepiteliales.
Fatty Acid Substrate Specificities of Human Prostaglandin-endoperoxide H Synthase-1 and −2 (1995)

Human prostaglandin-endoperoxide H synthase-1 and -2 (hPGHS-1 and hPGHS-2) were expressed by transient transfection of COS-1 cells. Microsomes prepared from the transfected cells were used to measure the rates of oxygenation of several 18- and 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid substrates including eicosapentaenoic, arachidonic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic > alpha-linolenic (delta 9, 12, 15), gamma-linolenic, and linoleic acids. Comparisons of kcat/Km values indicate that the order of efficiency of oxygenation is arachidonate > dihomo-gamma-linolenate > linoleate > alpha-linolenate for both isozymes; while the order of efficiency was the same for hPGHS-1 and hPGHS-2, alpha-linolenate was a particularly poor substrate for hPGHS-1. Gamma-Linolenate and eicosapentaenoate were poor substrates for both isozymes, but in each case, these two fatty acids were better substrates for hPGHS-2 than hPGHS-1. These studies of substrate specificities are consistent with previous studies of the interactions of PGHS isozymes with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that have indicated that the cyclooxygenase active site of PGHS-2 is somewhat larger and more accommodating than that of PGHS-1. The major products formed from linoleate and alpha-linolenate were characterized. 13-Hydroxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoic acid was found to be the main product formed from alpha-linoleate by both isozymes. The major products of oxygenation of alpha-linolenate were determined by mass spectrometry to be 12-hydroxy-(9Z,13E/Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoic acids. This result suggests that alpha-linolenate is positioned in the cyclooxygenase active site with a kink in the carbon chain such that hydrogen abstraction occurs from the omega 5-position in contrast to abstraction of the omega 8-hydrogen from other substrates.
Isometric muscle force measurement for clinicians treating patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (2003)

The similar decrease in knee extensor and knee flexor strength demonstrated by patients with knee OA compared with their age- and sex-matched asymptomatic peers suggests that strategies should be directed at both muscle groups to optimally limit joint damage. Isometric muscle force measurement can be a useful assessment tool for clinicians.