gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical characterization of porcine pararotavirus and detection of virus and viral antibodies using cell culture immunofluorescence (1987)

A cell culture immunofluorescence (CCIF) assay was optimized for detection of porcine pararotavirus (group C rotavirus) in intestinal contents. The greatest viral infectivity was observed when MA104 cells (5 days after subculturing) were rinsed and refed in serum-free medium before inoculation, pancreatin was added to the inocula, and the inocula were centrifuged onto the cells. Gentamicin treatment of pararotavirus samples to reduce bacterial contamination also reduced the viral infectivity of these samples for MA104 cells. An indirect CCIF assay was used to determine the prevalence of pararotavirus and rotavirus antibodies in pig sera. In pigs from four herds, pararotavirus antibodies were detected in 100% (68 of 68) of adults and 59% (24 of 41) of weanling pigs, while 86% (24 of 28) of nursing pigs from 12 herds had pararotavirus antibodies. The physicochemical properties of pararotavirus were examined and compared with those of group A rotaviruses by using the CCIF assay to quantitate in vitro changes in viral infectivity. Pararotavirus was inactivated (greater than or equal to 99% reduction in titer) by heating to 56 degrees C for 30 min, was slightly labile at pH 3 (16 to 34% reduction in titer), and was stable at pH 5 (0 to 17% reduction in titer) and in either (3 to 19% reduction in titer). One group A rotavirus (Gottfried strain) was stable at 56 degrees C (0% reduction in titer), whereas the OSU strain of group A rotavirus was inactivated at this temperature (99% reduction in titer).
Subtraction stereo: a stereo camera system that focuses on moving regions (2008)

This study aims at developing a practical stereo camera that is suitable for applications such as surveillance, in which detection of anomalies or measurement of moving people are required. In such surveillance cases, targets to measure usually move. In this paper, "Subtraction stereo" is proposed that focuses on motion information to increase the robustness of the stereo matching. It realizes robust measurement of range images by detecting moving regions with each camera and then applying stereo matching for the detected moving regions. Measurement of three-dimensional position, height and width of a target object using the subtraction stereo is discussed. The basic algorithm is implemented on a commercially available stereo camera, and the effectiveness of the subtraction stereo is verified by several experiments using the stereo camera.
A Ka Dual-Band Circular Waveguide Polarizer (2006)

The design of a Ka dual-band circular polarizer by inserting a dielectric septum in the middle of the circular waveguide is discussed here. The dielectric septum is located in fixing slots, and by adjusting the dimension of the dual-compensation slots which are built in the orthogonal plane, the phase difference of 90deg at the center frequency for the dual-band can be achieved. Furthermore, the gradual changing structures at both ends of the dielectric septum are built for impedance matching for both E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> and E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> polarizations. The simple structure of this kind of polarizer can reduce the influence of manufacturing inaccuracy in the Ka-band. The measured phase difference is within 90degplusmn 4.5deg for both bands. In addition, the return losses for both E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> and E <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> polarizations are better than -15 dB.
Search Engine Optimization All-in-One for Dummies (2009)

Foreword. Introduction. Book I: How Search Engines Work. Chapter 1: Putting Search Engines in Context. Chapter 2: Meeting the Search Engines. Chapter 3: Recognizing and Reading Search Results. Chapter 4: Getting Your Site in the Right Results. Chapter 5: Knowing What Drives Search Results. Chapter 6: Spam Issues: When Search Engines Get Fooled. Book II: Keyword Stragegy. Chapter 1: Employing Keyword Research Techniques and Tools. Chapter 2: Selecting Keywords. Chapter 3: Exploiting Pay Per Click Lessons Learned. Chapter 4: Assigning Keywords to Pages. Chapter 5: Adding and Maintaining Keywords. Book III: Competitive Positioning. Chapter 1: Identifying Your Competitors. Chapter 2: Competitive Research Techniques and Tools. Chapter 3: Applying Collected Data. Book IV: SEO Web Design. Chapter 1: The Basics of SEO Web Design. Chapter 2: Building an SEO-Friendly Site. Chapter 3: Making Your Page Search Engine-Compatible. Chapter 4: Perfecting Navigation and Linking Techniques. Book V: Creating Content. Chapter 1: Selecting a Style for Your Audience. Chapter 2: Establishing Content Depth and Page Length. Chapter 3: Adding Keyword-Specifi c Content. Chapter 4: Dealing with Duplicate Content. Chapter 5: Adapting and Crediting Your Content. Book VI: Linking. Chapter 1: Employing Linking Strategies. Chapter 2: Obtaining Links. Chapter 3: Structuring Internal Links. Chapter 4: Vetting External Links. Chapter 5: Connecting with Social Networks. Book VII: Optimizing the Foundations. Chapter 1: Server Issues: Why Your Server Matters. Chapter 2: Domain Names: What Your URL Says About You. Chapter 3: Using Redirects for SEO. Chapter 4: Implementing 301 Redirects. Chapter 5: Watching Your Backend: Content Management System Troubles. Chapter 6: Solving SEO Roadblocks. Book VIII: Analyzing Results. Chapter 1: Employing Site Analytics. Chapter 2: Tracking Behavior with Web Analytics. Chapter 3: Mastering SEO Tools and Reports. Book IX: International SEO. Chapter 1: Discovering International Search Engines. Chapter 2: Tailoring Your Marketing Message for Asia. Chapter 3: Staking a Claim in Europe. Chapter 4: Getting Started in Latin America. Book X: Search Marketing. Chapter 1: Discovering Paid Search Marketing. Chapter 2: Using SEO to Build Your Brand. Chapter 3: Identifying and Reporting Spam. Appendix. Index.
CO Adsorption on a Au/CeO<sub>2</sub> (111) Model Catalyst (2008)

We prepared a Au/CeO2 (111) model catalyst by depositing a thin cerium oxide film on a Ru(0001) surface and subsequently depositing gold. This model system was investigated using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. Gold forms metallic nanoparticles on CeO2 with an average particle size that depends on the Au dose. At 80 K adsorption of CO was observed on the supported Au particles, which induces a chemical shift of +0.9 eV in the Au 4f level of the Au atoms directly involved in the Au−CO bond. CO adsorption also induces an additional, particle-size-dependent shift, which affects all Au atoms in the particle; i.e., the whole Au particle is affected by CO adsorption. The fraction of surface atoms involved in CO bonding decreases with increasing gold particle size, from ∼60−70% for small particles to 15−20% for large particles. It is concluded that CO only adsorbs on defects (low-coordinated Au atoms). The CO desorption temperature decreases with increasing particle size. This is explained as follows: on small particles the most abundant defects are corner atoms and kinks (6-coordinated), which interact strongly with CO. On large particles the most abundant defects are edges between two planes (7-coordinated), which interact less strongly with CO.
Crystal structures of the <i>apo</i> form of β‐fructofuranosidase from <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i> and its complex with fructose (2011)

We solved the 1.8 Å crystal structure of β-fructofuranosidase from Bifidobacterium longum KN29.1 - a unique enzyme that allows these probiotic bacteria to function in the human digestive system. The sequence of β-fructofuranosidase classifies it as belonging to the glycoside hydrolase family 32 (GH32). GH32 enzymes show a wide range of substrate specificity and different functions in various organisms. All enzymes from this family share a similar fold, containing two domains: an N-terminal five-bladed β-propeller and a C-terminal β-sandwich module. The active site is located in the centre of the β-propeller domain, in the bottom of a 'funnel'. The binding site, -1, responsible for tight fructose binding, is highly conserved among the GH32 enzymes. Bifidobacterium longum KN29.1 β-fructofuranosidase has a 35-residue elongation of the N-terminus containing a five-turn α-helix, which distinguishes it from the other known members of the GH32 family. This new structural element could be one of the functional modifications of the enzyme that allows the bacteria to act in a human digestive system. We also solved the 1.8 Å crystal structure of the β-fructofuranosidase complex with β-D-fructose, a hydrolysis product obtained by soaking apo crystal in raffinose.
[The clinical features, therapeutic effects and prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma]. (2011)

Most patients with MCL were older adults, with a male predominance and usually had bone marrow involvement and poor prognosis. Rituximab combined with chemotherapy could improve ORR and OS of MCL.
High performance control of IPMSM servo system based on dSPACE (2011)

This paper presents an adaptive backstepping speed controller which can be used in both the constant-torque region and the field-weakening region for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). By using the proposed method, the adjustable speed range can be extended to 4 times that of the base speed. In addition, the d-axis current is suitably adjusted to increase the output torque of the IPMSM. Experiment results show that the implemented system has satisfactory performance, including good transient responses, good load-disturbance-rejection responses, and good tracking ability.
Phase tuning beyond 180 degrees by injection-locked oscillators (2002)

A method to give phase tuning beyond 180 degrees using fundamental injection locking is presented in the paper. This is particularly useful for phased array antenna phase tuning which, previously, is limited to 180 degrees. It is shown that by phase shift accumulation in cascaded injection-locked oscillators, the phase tuning range can go beyond 180 degrees. Two injection-locked oscillators cascaded together are used to demonstrate the theoretical prediction, which theoretically can give 360 degrees phase shift. In addition, the effect on phase shift due to the locking regions is discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bilevel mode converter between a silicon nanowire waveguide and a larger waveguide (2006)

A bilevel mode converter is analyzed for providing low-loss coupling between the small fundamental mode of a silicon nanowire waveguide and the larger mode of a conventional silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide. The bilevel converter can also be used to improve the coupling efficiency between a lensed fiber and a silicon nanowire waveguide. The mode converter consists of two tapers formed at different levels. The top taper comprises a parabolic and sine taper, which is optimized to improve the mode conversion efficiency. Numerical analyses are given by using a three-dimensional semivectorial beam propagation method. The design has good tolerance against misalignment of the two masks needed for the double etch.
Low Densities of Epiphytic Bacteria from the Marine Alga <i>Ulva australis</i> Inhibit Settlement of Fouling Organisms (2007)

Bacteria that produce inhibitory compounds on the surface of marine algae are thought to contribute to the defense of the host plant against colonization of fouling organisms. However, the number of bacterial cells necessary to defend against fouling on the plant surface is not known. Pseudoalteromonas tunicata and Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 (formerly Roseobacter gallaeciensis) are marine bacteria often found in association with the alga Ulva australis and produce a range of extracellular inhibitory compounds against common fouling organisms. P. tunicata and Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 biofilms with cell densities ranging from 10(2) to 10(8) cells cm(-2) were established on polystyrene petri dishes. Attachment and settlement assays were performed with marine fungi (uncharacterized isolates from U. australis), marine bacteria (Pseudoalteromonas gracilis, Alteromonas sp., and Cellulophaga fucicola), invertebrate larvae (Bugula neritina), and algal spores (Polysiphonia sp.) and gametes (U. australis). Remarkably low cell densities (10(2) to 10(3) cells cm(-2)) of P. tunicata were effective in preventing settlement of algal spores and marine fungi in petri dishes. P. tunicata also prevented settlement of invertebrate larvae at densities of 10(4) to 10(5) cells cm(-2). Similarly, low cell densities (10(3) to 10(4)cells cm(-2)) of Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 had antilarval and antibacterial activity. Previously, it has been shown that abundance of P. tunicata on marine eukaryotic hosts is low (<1 x 10(3) cells cm(-2)) (T. L. Skovhus et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70:2373-2382, 2004). Despite such low numbers of P. tunicata on U. australis in situ, our data suggest that P. tunicata and Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 are present in sufficient quantities on the plant to inhibit fouling organisms. This strongly supports the hypothesis that P. tunicata and Phaeobacter sp. strain 2.10 can play a role in defense against fouling on U. australis at cell densities that commonly occur in situ.
Sex pheromone of the comstock mealybug, Pseudococcus comstocki Kuwana: Bioassay method, male response-habits to the sex pheromone (1980)

1. クワコナカイガラムシを寄生させたカボチャをティッシュペーパーに包んでおくと,雄幼虫だけがペーパーの間隙に移動・侵入した。2. 羽化した雄成虫は点灯すると(9L-15D)まもなく飛翔活動に移り,フェロモンに感応・誘引された。3. 雄成虫は誘引源から10∼20cmのところによく着地し,歩行しながらフェロモン源まで接近した。4. フェロモントラップの色相と,それに対する雄成虫の反応性を調べたところ,色相によって捕獲数が異なり,その順序は,赤=青緑=黒>緑>黄>白であった。
The shape of a covenant for communion (2012)

In this paper I discuss the Anglican Covenant from two perspectives. First, I offer a simple narrative of the Covenant's coming-to-be, drawn from my own experience as a member of the Covenant Design Group. I hope in this to give at least a hint of how the Covenant's formulation grew out of a process that in fact worked against the normal forms of political engagement within the Communion of late. This is something to take seriously in evaluating the Covenant's content and potential as a means of Christian life together. Second, I look briefly at the Covenant's content itself, and try to place it within the context of this alternative to politics-as-usual that I think most Anglican Christians yearn to see embodying our common life.
A Review of Wetland Design Using U.S. 1986 EPA (1994)

Artificial wetlands have become increasingly important as a means of improving urban water quality, by trapping sediment, bacteria, nutrients and pollutants through a combination of physical, chemical and biological processes. The method outlined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the design of wetlands allows a detailed prediction of wetland efficiency, in terms of sediment removal, to be estimated given the basin configuration and the relevant rainfall statistics. The basin configuration is taken into account using a parameter 'n' which allows for the settling performance. The rainfall data is used based on the assumption that it conforms to a single parameter gamma distribution. Field work carried out on an artificial wetland situated at Happy Valley enabled the parameter 'n' to be calculated. Analysis of rainfall records collected in the area indicated that the distribution was consistent with the assumed gamma distribution. It is also possible to use the sedimentation theory adopted by the EPA method and to determine long term behaviour without the need for the statistical representation of the rainfall. This was also carried out and compared with the EPA predictions. It was found that the different methods gave similar results for this particular wetland.
IL-2 normalizes defective suppressor T cell function of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in vitro. (1986)

During autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) both helper and suppressor T cells capable of regulating B cell responses are generated. The proliferative response of T cells as well as the generation of T suppressor cells in the AMLR of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is diminished. In contrast, the T helper cells generated in the AMLR show a hyperactivity. The diminished HLA-class II antigen expression observed on non-T cells of SLE origin was restored by treatment of the cells with gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN). When tested by immunoglobulin secretion, gamma-IFN enhanced T helper cell activity but failed to affect T cell proliferation and T suppressor cell generation in the AMLR derived from patients with SLE. Human recombinant interleukin 2 restores both the proliferative response of T cells and the induction of T suppressor cells in AMLR.
Equilibrium and Rate of Aluminum Monochloride Formation from Aluminum Chloride and Aluminum<sup>1</sup> (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibrium and Rate of Aluminum Monochloride Formation from Aluminum Chloride and Aluminum1Allen S. Russell, Kenneth E. Martin, and C. Norman CochranCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 4, 1466–1469Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01148a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01148a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Purification of two spectrin-binding proteins: biochemical and electron microscopic evidence for site-specific reassociation between spectrin and bands 2.1 and 4.1. (1979)

Two peripheral proteins of the human erythrocyte membrane that are capable of forming a stable complex with spectrin have been purified. The proteins, band 2.1 (Mr 210,000) and band 4.1 (Mr 82,000), are water soluble and exist as monomers in solution. Both exhibit strong, specific binding to purified spectrin molecules as determined by cosedimentation in sucrose gradients and both enhance binding to spectrin-depleted, inside-out vesicles that have been stripped of bands 2.1 and 4.1. Rotary replicas of bound material reveal site-specific associations among native, but not heat-denatured, molecules.
Absolute Measurement of Signal Strength on Magnetic Recordings (1955)

The Material Laboratory is in the process of developing a method for measuring the magnetic strength existing on 16mm magnetic soundtrack by using a nonmagnetic loop for the determination of the absolute surface induction at 400 cycles/sec for “pegging” the relative surface induction vs. frequency characteristic obtained by the “short gap” or other approved method. This paper shows that this method was found to be practical for determining the surface induction recorded on presently available commercial <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">${1\over4}$</tex> -in. magnetic tapes, independent of the tape characteristics and the depth of penetration of the recorded signal.
A microporous metal–organic framework with high stability for GC separation of alcohols from water (2012)

A novel 4(4) square grid microporous metal-organic framework (MOF) JUC-110 with 1D open channels has been synthesized, which shows exceptional hydrothermal stability and capability for separating alcohols from water in gas chromatographic (GC) separation.
The Response of a Co-culture Lung Model to Fine and Ultrafine Particles of Incinerator Fly Ash at the Air–liquid Interface (2008)

Elevated concentrations of particulate matter in the environmental atmosphere constitute a potential risk to human health. In vitro cell-based assays are therefore necessary to evaluate the toxicological potential of inhaled particulate emissions. In this study, the exposure of a co-culture cell model at the air-liquid interface was used to evaluate the dose-dependent biological effects of a test aerosol. The CULTEX system was used to expose human cells to an environmentally-relevant aerosol, generated from fly ash collected in a commercial municipal waste incinerator and resuspended in filtered air. Human bronchial epithelial cells, BEAS-2B, co-cultured with differentiated THP-1 macrophages growing on Transwell inserts, were employed in the bioassay. Analyses of cell viability, interleukin-8 (IL-8) release, intracellular glutathione, and haeme oxygenase-1 enzyme expression were performed. Transportation of the cells and exposure to humidified filtered air or the test aerosol, at 100 ml/min for 1 to 6 hours, were well tolerated by the cells and had no effect on their viability. Levels of IL-8 release and haeme oxygenase-1 expression were elevated by exposure to fly ash aerosol as a function of time, but not by exposure to clean air. For IL-8 release, a dose-dependent effect was demonstrated with the assumption that the deposited mass of the particles correlated with exposure time. Exposure to the test aerosol did not affect the intracellular glutathione concentration. This in vitro approach simulates particle deposition in the human lung more realistically than does submerged exposure, and it preserves the inherent properties of the particles. It shows promise for use to detect particulate emissions which are potentially detrimental to human health.
Hepatoprotection by Freshwater Clam Extract Against <font>CCl<sub>4</sub></font>-Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats (2010)

Freshwater clam is traditionally used as a food and has been mentioned in ancient books to have a hepatoprotective effect. The hepatoprotective effect of freshwater clam extract was evaluated in the model of chronic hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with freshwater clam extract (0.3, 0.6 and 1.5 g/kg of bw) or silymarin (0.2 g/kg of bw) along with the administration of CCl4 (0.5 ml/rat, 20% CCl4 in olive oil) for eight consecutive weeks. Blood samples were collected for assaying serum biochemical parameters. The livers were excised for evaluating peroxidation products and antioxidant substances, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Pathological histology was also performed. The data showed that supplementation of freshwater clam extract (0.6 g/kg bw) significantly reduced the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in rats treated with CCl4, and also decreased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, hydroxyproline and excessive inflammation in the livers of CCl4-treated rats. Histopathological analysis of the liver showed that freshwater clam extract (0.6 g/kg bw) markedly reduced the injury score of the fibrosis induced by CCl4 in rats. The data suggest that oral administration with freshwater clam extract might provide a novel and alternative approach for treating chronic liver failure.