gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gingipains from Porphyromonas gingivalis synergistically induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines through protease-activated receptors with Toll-like receptor and NOD1/2 ligands in human monocytic cells (2008)

Gingipains (HRgpA, RgpB and Kgp) are cysteine proteinases and virulence factors of Porphyromonas gingivalis, the major causative bacterium of periodontal disease. To study synergistic effects of gingipains and signalling via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD1/2, we investigated effects of a gingipain on the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from monocytic THP-1 cells in the presence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Gingipains stimulated interleukin (IL)-8's secretion from THP-1 cells, which was completely inhibited by proteinase inhibitors of gingipain and increased in the presence of PAMPs. Synergistic effects of gingipains and PAMPs were also seen in the secretion of IL-6 and MCP-1 and reduced to about 50% the secretion of IL-8 from THP-1 cells treated with siRNA targeting either protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1, -2 or -3. PAR agonist peptides mimicked the synergistic effects of gingipains with PAMPs. These results indicate that gingipains stimulate the secretion of cytokines from monocytic cells through the activation of PARs with synergistic effects by PAMPs. This is the first report of synergism of signalling via PARs, and TLRs or NOD1/2. The host defence system against P. gingivalis may be triggered through the activation of PARs by gingipains and augmented by PAMPs from this pathogen via TLRs or NOD1/2.
The Bhopal Chemical Gas Leak Incident: A Research Guide and Bibliography (1991)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Radio Frequency Interferences Suppression for Noisy Ultra Wide Band SAR Measurements (2006)

In this document, back projection algorithm dedicated to Ultra Wide Band signals is described. The time domain aspect is all the more important that the transient nature of UWB signal supplies a vast amount of information on the electromagnetic scattering mechanisms. But, during UWB measurements, radio frequency interferences can appear and obscure target detection. We have described how RFI can be an important noise source in UWB system and how they can be suppressed. The Least Mean Square method for extracting RFI give good results, which are quantified with simulated data. Next, we would like to improve our sinusoidal model of the RFI to include a more complete description of the RFI signal and to apply the LMS algorithm to measured data.
New species of Neoborus and Xenoborus (Hemiptera, Miridae) (1929)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Catalysis of autoxidation by metalloporphyrins (1974)

D. R. Paulson, R. Ullman, R. B. Sloane and G. L. Closs, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1974, 186 DOI: 10.1039/C39740000186
Design of a Multi-Module, Multi-Phase Battery Charger for the NASA EOS Space Platform Testbed (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph"><b>The multi-module, multi-phase (MMMP) charger is compared to a single-module (SM) charger to identify potential performance improvements. The advantages of the MMMP charger are documented. This paper then details the design of the MMMP battery charger. The battery charger was developed as part of the NASA EOS Space Platform Testbed Project.</b></div>
Evolution of the hemagglutinin gene of H3N8 canine influenza virus in dogs (2014)

With the widespread use of a recently developed canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N8 vaccine, continual molecular evaluation of circulating CIVs is necessary for monitoring antigenic drift. The aim of this project was to further describe the genetic evolution of CIV, as well as determine any genetic variation within potential antigenic regions that might result in antigenic drift. To this end, the hemagglutinin gene of 19 CIV isolates from dogs residing in Colorado, New York, and South Carolina humane shelters was sequenced and compared to CIV strains isolated during 2003-2012. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that CIV might be diverging into two geographically distinct lineages. Using a mixed-effects model for evolution and single likelihood ancestor counting methods, several amino acid sites were found to be undergoing selection pressure. Additionally, a total of six amino acid changes were observed in two possible antigenic sites for CIVs isolated from Colorado and New York humane shelters between 2009 and 2011. As CIV isolates might be diverging into geographically distinct lineages, further experiments are warranted to determine the extent of antigenic drift occurring within circulating CIV.
Active rules in deductive databases (1993)

database systems react to pre-defined situations automatically without user intervention.
Milk fever prevention (1978)

Milk fever is a disease of increasing importance. In dairy herds its incidence has doubled since 1950; today about 8 per cent of parturitions in Swedish dairy cattle are complicated by milk fever. At the same time, the clinical picture has changed and the effectiveness of calcium therapy has been markedly reduced. Thirty to 40 per cent of cows with milk fever need more than one treatment. These trends are obvious in Sweden and Norway and have been reported from many other parts of the world. However, there are also geographical and breed differences so that these figures might not be applicable under British conditions.
Therapeutic Applications of Mesothelial Cell Sheets (2014)

Mesothelial cells are an integral part of the peritoneum and play an important role in maintaining its structural and functional properties. In recent years a number of studies on mesothelial cells have been performed to evaluate the localization, secretional properties and the ability of regeneration and transdifferentiation of these cells. They are also involved in the repair of the peritoneum damage following surgery or peritonitis. Mesothelial cells produce several cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix components, possessing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Based on previous research, cell sheet engineering has made it possible to transplant cells that retain the cells' function, and stacking different cells in layers has also become possible. Arranging blood vessels between the cell layers is a problem when stacking cells in layers. Whether adequate blood flow can be obtained for the cell layers to survive long-term is the difference between success and failure. Mesothelial cell transplantation for peritoneal regeneration needs to be performed under conditions in which the surface area of the visceral peritoneum is large and the mesothelial cell damage area is small. In this article we explain cell sheet engineering as one of the technologies for transplanting cells with a variety of intercellular adhesion and cell membrane molecules maintained intact, and its application to peritoneal regeneration.
Observations on the pathogenicity of <i>Pasteuria penetrans</i>, a parasite of root‐knot nematodes (1988)

SUMMARY A simple test was used to determine whether or not Pasteuria penetrans spores would attach to 17 species of nematodes. All susceptible individuals had spores attached to their cuticles after 24 h of gentle agitation in suspensions containing 10 5 spores/ml. Spores of P. penetrans from six populations of Meloidogyne only adhered to species of Meloidogyne and they adhered in greatest numbers to the species from which they had been originally isolated. Sonication of spores from infected females increased attachment but the effect was dependent on pH and whether the test was conducted in tap or distilled water. Invasion of tomato roots was reduced by up to 86% when, rather than using healthy juveniles, second‐stage juveniles bearing 15 or more spores were added to soil at high densities (1000 or 3000/plant); at low densities (500/plant) invasion was not significantly affected. The rate of development of M. incognita juveniles infected with P. penetrans was slower than that of healthy juveniles. The numbers of second‐generation of M. incognita were reduced by 82–93% when juveniles encumbered with 1–15 spores were added to soil instead of those bearing no spores. Pasteuria penetrans populations differed in their aggressiveness and when juveniles encumbered with the same number of spores from two populations were added to soil there were differences in the numbers of females that became infected. The implications of these results for the development of P. penetrans as a biological control agent are discussed.
Peculiarities of measuring the alpha particle activity of flat samples of metals, alloys and powders using gas flow proportional counters specifically the model 1950 manufactured by "Spectrum Sciences", USA (2004)

Naturally occurring radioactive emissions from solder (Pb/Sn or Pb-free) in semiconductor devices may result in memory device malfunctions and possible consequential product liability. These "soft errors" occur randomly but do not cause permanent physical damage to the memory cell. The principal product developed to reduce the probability of soft error malfunctions in memory devices is low alpha lead/tin alloys and low alpha lead-free alloys. As standards for determining alpha emitter emissions have not been adopted by the Semiconductor industry, proposed for discussion are actual testing methods and standards of measurement. Of interest, and the subject of this research is the description(s) of testing procedures and measurement techniques for accurate surface alpha emission counts from flat metal and alloy material, metal alloy powders, tin and lead oxide powders. These materials are used, principally, in solder paste, solder spheres, electroplating anodes, and plating chemistry. Discussion is focused on test equipment, sample preparation, alpha counting techniques and the accuracy of alpha emission measurements.
A clinical perspective of cystic fibrosis and new genetic findings: Relationship of CFTR mutations to genotype–phenotype manifestations (2002)

The present report describes several aspects of the relationship of mutations in the cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene to phenotype expression of the disease including several clinical vignettes from the authors' experience. The genotype-phenotype relationships in CF are complex, and are affected by many factors, including pollution, smoking, bacterial infection, malnutrition, and certain therapeutic agents. The number of CFTR mutations is growing continuously and rapidly, and more than 1,000 mutations have been discovered so far. From a genetic point of view, the deltaF508 mutation is not only the most frequently encountered but also the most severe genetic lesion for homozygotes. The great clinical variability observed in patients with CF, particularly the severity of lung disease, involvement of the pancreas, and male infertility, are beginning to be better understood through the knowledge, although incomplete, of CFTR mutations and their phenotype expressions. This knowledge has had very significant research and clinical applications in all dimensions of the CF problem. It has not only contributed to the enhancement of better diagnosis and clinical management, but it also has opened new and unanticipated lines of investigation and research.
Motion graphs (2008)

In this paper we present a novel method for creating realistic, controllable motion. Given a corpus of motion capture data, we automatically construct a directed graph called a motion graph that encapsulates connections among the database. The motion graph consists both of pieces of original motion and automatically generated transitions. Motion can be generated simply by building walks on the graph. We present a general framework for extracting particular graph walks that meet a user's specifications. We then show how this framework can be applied to the specific problem of generating different styles of locomotion along arbitrary paths.
Climate Change and its Impact on the Energy Sector in the Eastern Mediterranean (2009)

Salivary RT-qPCR testing is suitable for SARS-CoV-2 infection control, while simple measurement of Ct values can assist in prediction of COVID-19 severity.
Towards developing general models of usability with PARADISE (2000)

The design of methods for performance evaluation is a major open research issue in the area of spoken language dialogue systems. This paper presents the PARADISE methodology for developing predictive models of spoken dialogue performance, and shows how to evaluate the predictive power and generalizability of such models. To illustrate the methodology, we develop a number of models for predicting system usability (as measured by user satisfaction), based on the application of PARADISE to experimental data from three different spoken dialogue systems. We then measure the extent to which the models generalize across different systems, different experimental conditions, and different user populations, by testing models trained on a subset of the corpus against a test set of dialogues. The results show that the models generalize well across the three systems, and are thus a first approximation towards a general performance model of system usability.
Picante: R tools for integrating phylogenies and ecology (2010)

Picante is a package for the R statistical language and environment written in R and C, released under a GPL v2 open-source license, and freely available on the web (http://picante.r-forge.r-project.org) and from CRAN (http://cran.r-project.org).
Workflow management combined with diagnostic and repair expert system tools for maintenance operations (2002)

The authors present an integrated framework for effective management of maintenance operations that addresses two key problems: the shortage of resources; and the performance differences between the individual available resources, and specifically, the human resources. Software tools are proposed for these two problems. W-6 assists in improved cost-effective utilization of the available resources. That is, assigning the right person, to the right job, at the right time, and with the right resources. AITEST and OnDoc contribute in increasing the productivity and work quality of each individual service person. Software integration is not centered on sharing of data because most of the data and knowledge required by one tool is not required at all by the others. The proposed EPI (External Program Interface) tool implements integration that is centered on the concept of workflow management. The different software systems exchange messages that are characterized by control-passing and by division of labor, with relatively small amounts of data being shared. A case study of a large depot facility where this framework has been implemented is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Calcium-Binding Proteins and Nitric Oxide in Retinal Function and Disease (1998)

Regulation of phototransduction in photoreceptor cells occurs via several feedback loops. Some of these circuits involve the neuron-specific Ca2+-binding proteins recoverin and guanylyl cyclase-activating protein. Recent findings suggest that these proteins are also involved in retinal diseases. Another Ca2+-regulated process in the retina is the synthesis of nitric oxide, a substance of potential neurotoxicity. This review discusses several Ca2+-mediated processes in the retina.
Schaum's outline of theory and problems of continuum mechanics (1970)

Mathematical Foundations Analysis of Stress Deformation and Strain Motion and Flow Fundamental Laws of Continuum Mechanics Linear Elasticity Fluids Plasticity Viscoelasticity
Lazy selection (2012)

This paper presents Lazy Selection , a scribble-based tool for quick selection of one or more desired shape elements by roughly stroking through the elements. Our algorithm automatically refines the selection and reveals the user's intention. To give the user maximum flexibility but least ambiguity, our technique first extracts selection candidates from the scribble-covered elements by examining the underlying patterns and then ranks them based on their location and shape with respect to the user-sketched scribble. Such a design makes our tool tolerant to imprecise input systems and applicable to touch systems without suffering from the fat finger problem. A preliminary evaluation shows that compared to the standard click and lasso selection tools, which are the most commonly used, our technique provides significant improvements in efficiency and flexibility for many selection scenarios.
Hypothesis for retroviral causation of rheumatoid arthritis (1994)

Over the past year, convincing direct evidence that rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a retrovirus has not been presented. Strong support for this hypothesis, however, comes from an impressive body of recent work demonstrating that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I causes a destructive arthropathy that has many of the same features as rheumatoid arthritis. Additional strong support for the hypothesis is provided by the resemblance of the arthropathies induced by caprine arthritis encephalitis and the ovine maedi-visna viruses to rheumatoid arthritis. These retroviral infections emphasize the potential complexity of detecting retroviral involvement and proving its importance in the causation of rheumatoid arthritis. Retroviruses clearly possess diverse pathways for involvement in autoimmune diseases.
Multi-service management in a multi-provider environment (1995)

As the spread of digital networks makes access to data communications globally available, the interest of communication service providers is switching away from the provision of these bearer networks and towards the provision of the value added services that will operate over them. At the same time the liberalisation of telecommunication markets is precipitating a dramatic change in the profile of communication service providers. In this complex telecommunications markets the open management, not only of the networks, but of the services themselves will become increasingly important. The large number and diversity of roles of the market players makes the management of inter-organisational relationships fundamentally important to the management of services. The ITU's series of recommendations on the telecommunication management network (TMN) provides a basis for inter-domain management, however, this and other standards have so far concentrated on the management of individual network components and of networks operated by single organisations. This paper provides an initial example of how the management of multiple services in a complex multi-player market can be modelled using TMN techniques for implementation on existing management platforms. The paper begins by briefly outlining current work in this field before describing aspects of this multi-player multi-service management problem and how they can be modelled and implemented in a real system.
Melatonin and Biological Rhythms (2000)

Circadian and seasonal rhythms are a fundamental feature of all living organisms. The functional mechanism involved is built around internal biological clock(s) and the hormone melatonin (Mel) is one of its critical components. Although numerous other sources have been identified (retina, harderian gland, gut), in vertebrates Mel is primarily produced by the pineal gland during the dark period of the light-dark cycle. This rhythmic Mel is generated directly by circadian clock(s). The Mel rhythm is thus an important efferent hormonal signal from the clock. The periodic secretion of Mel might thus be used as a circadian mediator of a system that can 'read' the message. The duration of the nocturnal Mel production is directly proportional to the length of the dark period. It is through these changes in duration that the brain integrates the photoperiodic information. In essence, the Mel rhythm appears to be an endocrine code of the environmental light-dark cycle conveying photic information that is used by organisms for both circadian and seasonal temporal organization. The major question arising from this effect of Mel concerns it precise mechanism of action. From the data reported in the present minireview, it appears that the photoneuroendocrine mechanism is not fundamentally different in vertebrates at least as far as the role of Mel is concerned.
Colour performance and stack optimisation in phase change material based nano-displays (2015)

We recently demonstrated a new breed of optoelectronic devices based on ultra-thin phase change materials<sup>[1]</sup>. Non-volatile, ultra-fast and ultra-thin displays based on such materials are of particular interest. In this paper we describe colour performance modelling of such displays by applying well known optical simulation techniques in an effort to refine the design of future high contrast colour phase change material-based displays.
One-dimensional Diffusion on Microtubules of Particles Coated with Cytoplasmic Dynein and Immunoglobulins. (1999)

We characterized and compared the diffusion of beads coated with proteins such as cytoplasmic dynein, alpha-casein, and some immunoglobulins on microtubules. Such weak binding interactions could be common and convenient for concentrating proteins at the surface of cytoplasmic structures such as microtubules. In studying the motile behavior of anionic latex beads coated with limiting dilutions of cytoplasmic dynein, we observed that in addition to active movement, 20-50% of the beads moved back and forth in a random manner. The random movement was inhibited by depletion of ATP or addition of ADP or AMP-PNP. Mean-square-displacement analysis showed that the movement is a one-dimensional diffusion along the microtubule axis with a diffusion coefficient of 2.16 x 10(-10) cm2/sec. Histogram analysis of off-axis movements suggested that approximately 60% of the diffusing beads followed the path of a single microtubule protofilament. Beads coated with proteins such as alpha-casein or a monoclonal immunoglobulin were also observed to diffuse on microtubules with a similar diffusion coefficient to cytoplasmic dynein. However, alpha-casein or immunoglobulin-bead diffusion was not ATP dependent and did not follow the paths of single protofilaments. Thus, although the environment of the microtubule surface can trap a variety of different protein-coated beads, cytoplasmic dynein's interaction is unusual in its ATP dependence and tracking on a single protofilament, which is consistent with its specific interaction with microtubules. Diffusive interactions could concentrate associating proteins and still allow for freedom of movement.
Synergism of Hemopoietic Growth Factors on Endothelial Cell Proliferation (1997)

Endothelial cells, which are nonhemopoietic cells, express and/or produce most of the known hemopoietic receptors and cytokines. The biological role of these factors, and their respective receptors, on endothelial cells is still unknown. In this study, the authors assessed the effect of different hemopoietic growth factors, ie, interleukin-3 (IL-3), erythropoietin (EPO), macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), singly or in conjunction with others, on proliferation and chemotaxis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). They found growth stimulatory activity with IL-3, EPO, and GM-CSF and potent synergism between EPO and IL-3, less with IL-3 and GM-CSF, and none with EPO and either GM-CSF or G-CSF. All the singly tested hemopoietic growth factors stimulated the migration of HUVECs, but in conjunction with other factors, they did not show any additive or synergistic effect.