gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Efficient and Non-Intrusive GPU Scheduling Framework for Deep Learning Training Systems (2020)

Efficient GPU scheduling is the key to minimizing the execution time of the Deep Learning (DL) training workloads. DL training system schedulers typically allocate a fixed number of GPUs to each job, which inhibits high resource utilization and often extends the overall training time. The recent introduction of schedulers that can dynamically reallocate GPUs has achieved better cluster efficiency. This dynamic nature, however, introduces additional overhead by terminating and restarting jobs or requires modification to the DL training frameworks.We propose and develop an efficient, non-intrusive GPU scheduling framework that employs a combination of an adaptive GPU scheduler and an elastic GPU allocation mechanism to reduce the completion time of DL training workloads and improve resource utilization. Specifically, the adaptive GPU scheduler includes a scheduling algorithm that uses training job progress information to determine the most efficient allocation and reallocation of GPUs for incoming and running jobs at any given time. The elastic GPU allocation mechanism works in concert with the scheduler. It offers a lightweight and nonintrusive method to reallocate GPUs based on a “SideCar” process that temporarily stops and restarts the job's DL training process with a different number of GPUs. We implemented the scheduling framework as plugins in Kubernetes and conducted evaluations on two 16-GPU clusters with multiple training jobs based on TensorFlow. Results show that our proposed scheduling framework reduces the overall execution time and the average job completion time by up to 45% and 63%, respectively, compared to the Kubernetes default scheduler. Compared to a termination based scheduler, our framework reduces the overall execution time and the average job completion time by up to 20% and 37%, respectively.
The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing Nck protein is oncogenic and a common target for phosphorylation by different surface receptors. (1992)

Signalling proteins such as phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) or GTPase-activating protein (GAP) of ras contain conserved regions of approximately 100 amino acids termed src homology 2 (SH2) domains. SH2 domains were shown to be responsible for mediating association between signalling proteins and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, including growth factor receptors. Nck is an ubiquitously expressed protein consisting exclusively of one SH2 and three SH3 domains. Here we show that epidermal growth factor or platelet-derived growth factor stimulation of intact human or murine cells leads to phosphorylation of Nck protein on tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. Similar stimulation of Nck phosphorylation was detected upon activation of rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells by cross-linking of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptors (Fc epsilon RI). Ligand-activated, tyrosine-autophosphorylated platelet-derived growth factor or epidermal growth factor receptors were coimmunoprecipitated with anti-Nck antibodies, and the association with either receptor molecule was mediated by the SH2 domain of Nck. Addition of phorbol ester was also able to stimulate Nck phosphorylation on serine residues. However, growth factor-induced serine/threonine phosphorylation of Nck was not mediated by protein kinase C. Interestingly, approximately fivefold overexpression of Nck in NIH 3T3 cells resulted in formation of oncogenic foci. These results show that Nck is an oncogenic protein and a common target for the action of different surface receptors. Nck probably functions as an adaptor protein which links surface receptors with tyrosine kinase activity to downstream signalling pathways involved in the control of cell proliferation.
Application-Oriented Trust in Distributed Computing (2008)

Preserving integrity of applications being executed in remote machines is an open problem. Integrity requires that application code is not tampered with, prior to or during execution, by a rogue user or a malicious software agent. This paper presents a methodology to enforce runtime integrity of application code by means of an integrity- preserving software component that is combined with the application. The software component is a trusted logic that can be replaced continuously from a remote location during run-time. For added assurance, the software component produces continuous sequence of proofs of its proper operation that are verified remotely.
A3Droid: A framework for developing distributed crowdsensing (2016)

The amount and diversity of sensors on modern mobile devices, together with the computing performance that these devices can guarantee, make crowdsensing an important alternative to traditional sensor networks. Crowdsensing applications often exploit server-side components to aggregate, correlate, and manipulate the data collected my the mobile devices in the field. We advocate that this architecture limits the scenarios in which crowdsensing can be applied. Instead, we believe that crowdsensing should transition to a distributed foglike architecture, in which edge devices can be made responsible for most of the computation that needs to be achieved. In this paper we present A3Droid, a framework for developing crowdsensing applications for the Android platform. It supports a fog-like architecture, and helps the developer create robust and scalable applications that can collect and use high-quality data from the field. A3Droid was evaluated in a lab experiment that mimics a scenario in which geo-located data are collected from moving buses to gather up-to-date information about a city's traffic.
Loose loops sink chips (2004)

This paper explores the concept of micro-architectural loops and discusses their impact on processor pipelines. In particular, we establish the relationship between loose loops and pipeline length and configuration, and show their impact on performance. We then evaluate the load resolution loop in detail and propose the distributed register algorithm (DRA) as a way of reducing this loop. It decreases the performance loss due to load mis-speculations by reducing the issue-to-execute latency in the pipeline. A new loose loop is introduced into the pipeline by the DRA, but the frequency of mis-speculations is very low. The reduction in latency from issue to execute, along with a low mis-speculation rate in the DRA result in up to a 4% to 15% improvement in performance using a detailed architectural simulator.
Specific and sensitive IgG4 immunodiagnosis of onchocerciasis with a recombinant 33 kD Onchocerca volvulus protein (Ov33). (1992)

The full length cDNA of the immunodominant Ov33 protein of Onchocerca volvulus was expressed in E. coli using various vector constructs. Expression was best with the vectors pGEX2T and pCG808fx, yielding fusion protein Ov33-GST and Ov33-MBP, respectively. Purified fusion protein Ov33-GST and O. volvulus antigen extracts (OvAg) were used to compare antibody responses (IgM and IgG-subclasses) of patients infected with O. volvulus, Brugia malayi, Wuchereria bancrofti, Mansonella perstans/Loa loa and of Sudanese control sera. Sera of all groups contained IgM reacting with Ov33-GST and with OvAg. There was no IgG1 response to Ov33-GST. IgG1 responses to OvAg were only detected in filariasis sera. IgG2 and IgG3 responses were not detectable or marginal in all groups. The IgG4 reaction of onchocerciasis patients to Ov33-GST and to OvAg was high, whereas few other filariasis sera contained IgG4 antibodies to Ov33-GST and to OvAg. A serodiagnostic test for onchocerciasis based on detection of IgG4 to Ov33-GST had a sensitivity of 93.3% and a specificity of 96%. An epitope common to Ov33 and to the homologous proteins of other filarial species was demonstrated with a monoclonal antibody. Purified Ov33-MBP fusion protein was used to follow the development of the antibody response of four chimpanzees experimentally infected with O. volvulus. The data indicates that antibodies to Ov33 are induced by developing worms and later parasite stages.
Magnetic transient birefringence of ferrofluids : particle size determination (1987)

Relaxation time measurements of magnetically induced birefringence of ferrofluid solutions are performed with samples of various polydispersities. d H, the hydrodynamic diameter of particles deduced from experiments, is compared to a numerical computation with a log-normal distribution. Dynamic magnetic birefringence appears to be a good test of the tail of the sample size distribution. For a narrow distribution (σ ≃ 0.25), the experiment is in good agreement with the model: dH is two times larger than the most probable diameter and corresponds to the largest particles in the sample.
Convolutional Matching Pursuit and Dictionary Training (2010)

Matching pursuit and K-SVD is demonstrated in the translation invariant setting
Growth Inhibition by <sc>d</sc>-Mannosamine and Its Reversal by Glucose and Mannose in <italic>Bacillus subtilis</italic> (1984)

Growth of the Bacillus subtilis wild type strain was severely inhibited by mannosamine. This inhibitory effect was reversed by the addition of glucose or mannose. Growth in peptone medium was accompanied by the consumption of the added glucose and by the accumulation of acetoin. Glucose utilization and acetoin production were markedly repressed in the cells grown in the presence of mannosamine. Growth in the presence of mannosamine was accompanied by a relative decrease in a protein with the molecular weight of 70,000 as revealed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our results indicate that mannosamine's inhibition of growth is due primarily to low glucose utilization although other cellular metabolic activity also may be involved.
Complex-coupled λ/4-shifted DFB lasers with a flat FM response (1995)

Theoretical analysis of the wavelength tuning characteristics shows that the carrier effect in /spl lambda//4-shifted DFB lasers with in-phase complex grating can produce a large red shift by a self-suppressing mechanism of the spatial hole-burning effect while maintaining stable single-mode operation. The FM response of these lasers can thus avoid having a dip at lower modulation frequencies, where the thermal red shift opposes the carrier blue shift of conventional lasers. An in-phase complex-coupled /spl lambda//4-shifted DFB laser with a ridge structure is described that gives a flat FM response from 10 kHz to over 20 GHz (3-dB bandwidth) achieved by using the self-suppressing mechanism of the spatial hole-burning effect. This bandwidth is the widest ever achieved for frequency modulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Privacy-Preserving Data Publishing (2009)

This book is dedicated to those who have something to hide. It is a book about "privacy preserving data publishing" -- the art of publishing sensitive personal data, collected from a group of individuals, in a form that does not violate their privacy. This problem has numerous and diverse areas of application, including releasing Census data, search logs, medical records, and interactions on a social network. The purpose of this book is to provide a detailed overview of the current state of the art as well as open challenges, focusing particular attention on four key themes: RIGOROUS PRIVACY POLICIES Repeated and highly-publicized attacks on published data have demonstrated that simplistic approaches to data publishing do not work. Significant recent advances have exposed the shortcomings of naive (and not-so-naive) techniques. They have also led to the development of mathematically rigorous definitions of privacy that publishing techniques must satisfy; METRICS FOR DATA UTILITY While it is necessary to enforce stringent privacy policies, it is equally important to ensure that the published version of the data is useful for its intended purpose. The authors provide an overview of diverse approaches to measuring data utility; ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS This book describes in detail various key data publishing mechanisms that guarantee privacy and utility; EMERGING APPLICATIONS The problem of privacy-preserving data publishing arises in diverse application domains with unique privacy and utility requirements. The authors elaborate on the merits and limitations of existing solutions, based on which we expect to see many advances in years to come.
Towards Pose Robust Face Recognition (2013)

Most existing pose robust methods are too computational complex to meet practical applications and their performance under unconstrained environments are rarely evaluated. In this paper, we propose a novel method for pose robust face recognition towards practical applications, which is fast, pose robust and can work well under unconstrained environments. Firstly, a 3D deformable model is built and a fast 3D model fitting algorithm is proposed to estimate the pose of face image. Secondly, a group of Gabor filters are transformed according to the pose and shape of face image for feature extraction. Finally, PCA is applied on the pose adaptive Gabor features to remove the redundances and Cosine metric is used to evaluate the similarity. The proposed method has three advantages: (1) The pose correction is applied in the filter space rather than image space, which makes our method less affected by the precision of the 3D model, (2) By combining the holistic pose transformation and local Gabor filtering, the final feature is robust to pose and other negative factors in face recognition, (3) The 3D structure and facial symmetry are successfully used to deal with self-occlusion. Extensive experiments on FERET and PIE show the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods significantly, meanwhile, the method works well on LFW.
Evaluation of a 1-h exposure time to mechlorethamine in patients undergoing topical treatment (2002)

Comparison with published studies showed no significant difference in the number of cases of cutaneous intolerance after short-term application, although their occurrence was delayed. Therapeutic response was decreased appreciably by short-term application as compared with results in the literature.
Thermal Decomposition of Energetic Materials by ReaxFF Reactive Molecular Dynamics (2006)

We report the study of thermal decomposition of 1,3,5‐trinitrohexahydro‐s‐triazine (RDX) bonded with polyurethane (Estane) and of the bulk hydrazine by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations equipped with the reactive force field (ReaxFF). For the polymer binder explosive, the simulation results show that the thermal decomposition of RDX is affected by the presence of the polymer binder Estane. Generally, with addition of Estane the decomposition of RDX slows down. Final products including N2, H2O, CO, CO2 and intermediates NO2, NO and HONO have been identified from the thermal decomposition processes. For the bulk hydrazine, it is found that with the increase of temperature, its decomposition increases and more N2 and H2 are generated, but NH3 molecules are consumed much faster at higher temperatures. This simulation work provides us an approach to quickly test the response of various energetic materials to thermal conditions.
An evaluation of the effectiveness of a professional-supported problem-solving-based self-learning program for family carers of people with recent-onset psychosis: a randomized controlled trial with 12-month follow-up (2020)

This randomized controlled tested the effects of Professional-supported Problem-solving-based Self-learning Program (PBSP) for family carers of people with recent-onset psychosis in Hong Kong over a 12-month follow-up. A multi-center, assessor-blind randomized controlled trial with repeated-measures, three-arm design was adopted. One hundred and ninety-eight family dyads (psychotic patients with ≤3 years onset of illness and one of their main family caregivers) were randomly recruited from six integrated community centers for mental wellness (and family care) and then randomly assigned into BPSP, family psychoeducation or usual family care group for 5-month interventions. The recruited family caregivers perceived a moderate to high burden of care (>20 of 50 scores of the Chinese version of Family-Burden-Interview-Schedule). The PBSP comprised of a validated 5-module caregiving self-help manual with problem-solving practices and four facilitator supported group sessions. Psychoeducation groups (12 2-hour sessions; 10-12 participants per group) will be led by one advanced practice psychiatric nurse and guided by a validated treatment protocol based on the research team’s and McFarlane et al.’s psycho-education programs for psychosis. Participants in the PBSP indicated significant greater improvements in social problem-solving and family burden at 1-week, 6-month and 12-month follow-ups, as well as reduction in patients’ psychotic symptoms and lengths of re-hospitalizations at 6- and 12-month follow-ups, when compared with both psychoeducation and usual care group. The improvements of patients’ psychotic symptoms and family burden could reach clinical significance/benefit, which exceeded two SDs of the normative mean values. The findings support the PBSP can be effective to improve both psychotic patients and their family caregivers’ mental health and well-being and thus be offered to community mental health services or organizations for recent-onset psychotic patients in need.  The PBSP protocol tested in this project can be disseminated to mental health services and organizations in Hong Kong or other countries to be offered to various types of psychotic patients in need. Future cost-effectiveness study of the PBSP will be considered.
From BACE1 Inhibitor to Multifunctionality of Tryptoline and Tryptamine Triazole Derivatives for Alzheimer’s Disease (2012)

Efforts to discover new drugs for Alzheimer's disease emphasizing multiple targets was conducted seeking to inhibit amyloid oligomer formation and to prevent radical formation. The tryptoline and tryptamine cores of BACE1 inhibitors previously identified by virtual screening were modified in silico for additional modes of action. These core structures were readily linked to different side chains using 1,2,3-triazole rings as bridges by copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions. Three compounds among the sixteen designed compounds exerted multifunctional activities including β-secretase inhibitory action, anti-amyloid aggregation, metal chelating and antioxidant effects at micromolar levels. The neuroprotective effects of the multifunctional compounds 6h, 12c and 12h on Aβ₁₋₄₂ induced neuronal cell death at 1 μM were significantly greater than those of the potent single target compound, BACE1 inhibitor IV and were comparable to curcumin. The observed synergistic effect resulting from the reduction of the Aβ₁₋₄₂ neurotoxicity cascade substantiates the validity of our multifunctional strategy in drug discovery for Alzheimer's disease.
Permanent magnets versus electromagnets (1965)

Analysis is based on three factors: the energy per unit volume of the magnetic field which is to be established; the energy available per unit volume of permanent-magnet material; and the volume of copper and iron required for an electromagnet performing the same task. Short gaps of large area are favourable to electromagnets.In electrical machines designed for a high power/weight ratio, permanent magnets may be smaller than electromagnets in ratings up to 1 hp. Permanent magnets offer other advantages such as absence of heat generation.
A Flexible Microporous Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework for Gas Sorption and Separation (2015)

A microporous three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF-5) has been constructed from a new organic linker 4,4',4″,4‴-tetra(2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-6-yl)tetraphenylethene. Activated HOF-5a exhibits a stepwise N2 adsorption isotherm at 77 K, suggesting framework flexibility. The structure of activated HOF-5a has been established by powder X-ray diffraction studies, indicating a significant framework contraction from as-synthesized HOF-5 to activated HOF-5a of ∼21% by volume. HOF-5a shows moderately high porosity with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 1101 m(2)/g, and takes up a large amount of acetylene and carbon dioxide under ambient conditions. Powder neutron diffraction studies and theoretical calculations reveal that suitable pore sizes, curvatures, and functional sites collectively enable HOF-5a to encapsulate a high density of carbon dioxide molecules packed in a pseudo-one-dimensional array along the pore channel.
Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (2006)

Oxidative damage is a major feature in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this review, we discuss free radical-mediated damage to the biochemical components involved in the pathology and clinical symptoms of AD. We explain how amyloid beta-protein (Abeta), microtubule-associated protein tau, presenilins, apolipoprotein E, mitochondria and proteases play a role in increasing oxidative stress in AD. Abeta not only can induce oxidative stress, but its generation is also increased as a result of oxidative stress. Finally, a hypothetical model linking oxidative stress with beta-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangle pathology in AD is proposed.
Simple Pendulum Determination of the Gravitational Constant (2010)

We determined the Newtonian constant of gravitation G by interferometrically measuring the change in spacing between two free-hanging pendulum masses caused by the gravitational field from large tungsten source masses. We find a value for G of (6.672 34±0.000 14)×10(-11) m3 kg(-1) s(-2). This value is in good agreement with the 1986 Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) value of (6.672 59±0.000 85)×10(-11) m3 kg(-1) s(-2) [Rev. Mod. Phys. 59, 1121 (1987)] but differs from some more recent determinations as well as the latest CODATA recommendation of (6.674 28±0.000 67)×10(-11) m3 kg(-1) s(-2) [Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 633 (2008)].