gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intramedullary Nail Distal Hole Axis Estimation using Blob Analysis and Hough Transform (2006)

In a closed intramedullary nailing of femoral surgery, one of the most difficult task for surgeons is to identify the position and orientation of the screwing holes at both ends of the intramedullary nail (IMN) after being inserted into a patient's femoral canal. The distal hole location may be shifted by external forces and torques applied to the IMN during the insertion procedure resulting in the IMN to deform. To recover the position and orientation (or "pose") of the screwing holes in the conventional operation, surgeons require high degree of experience, and a number of trial-and-error adjustments to correct the path for inserting the screws. Both surgeon and patient are also continuously exposed to a great amount of X-ray exposure from the fluoroscopic imaging system. This paper discusses a necessary part of a surgical navigation research for assisting orthopedic surgeons. This work addresses a problem of estimating the intramedullary nail (IMN) distal hole axis from a 2D image taken from the fluoroscopic imaging system. The proposed approach is based on the geometric properties of the nail itself. The Hough transform and blob analysis were employed as main image processing tools. The preliminary results show that the proposed method performed satisfactorily. However, there are several limitations associated with this approach. In particular, the proposed method cannot differentiate estimated distal hole angles in the first quadrant from the second quadrant
Histidine-rich Glycoprotein Binds Fibrin(ogen) with High Affinity and Competes with Thrombin for Binding to the γ′-Chain (2011)

Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is an abundant protein that binds fibrinogen and other plasma proteins in a Zn(2+)-dependent fashion but whose function is unclear. HRG has antimicrobial activity, and its incorporation into fibrin clots facilitates bacterial entrapment and killing and promotes inflammation. Although these findings suggest that HRG contributes to innate immunity and inflammation, little is known about the HRG-fibrin(ogen) interaction. By immunoassay, HRG-fibrinogen complexes were detected in Zn(2+)-supplemented human plasma, a finding consistent with a high affinity interaction. Surface plasmon resonance determinations support this concept and show that in the presence of Zn(2+), HRG binds the predominant γ(A)/γ(A)-fibrinogen and the γ-chain elongated isoform, γ(A)/γ'-fibrinogen, with K(d) values of 9 nm. Likewise, (125)I-labeled HRG binds γ(A)/γ(A)- or γ(A)/γ'-fibrin clots with similar K(d) values when Zn(2+) is present. There are multiple HRG binding sites on fibrin(ogen) because HRG binds immobilized fibrinogen fragment D or E and γ'-peptide, an analog of the COOH terminus of the γ'-chain that mediates the high affinity interaction of thrombin with γ(A)/γ'-fibrin. Thrombin competes with HRG for γ'-peptide binding and displaces (125)I-HRG from γ(A)/γ'-fibrin clots and vice versa. Taken together, these data suggest that (a) HRG circulates in complex with fibrinogen and that the complex persists upon fibrin formation, and (b) by competing with thrombin for γ(A)/γ'-fibrin binding, HRG may modulate coagulation. Therefore, the HRG-fibrin interaction may provide a novel link between coagulation, innate immunity, and inflammation.
Inhalable Curcumin: Offering the Potential for Translation to Imaging and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (2015)

Curcumin is a promising compound that can be used as a theranostic agent to aid research in Alzheimer's disease. Beyond its ability to bind to amyloid plaques, the compound can also cross the blood-brain barrier. Presently, curcumin can be applied only to animal models, as the formulation needed for iv injection renders it unfit for human use. Here, we describe a novel technique to aerosolize a curcumin derivative, FMeC1, and facilitate its safe delivery to the brain. Aside from the translational applicability of this approach, a study in the 5XFAD mouse model suggested that inhalation exposure to an aerosolized FMeC1 modestly improved the distribution of the compound in the brain. Additionally, immunohistochemistry data confirms that following aerosol delivery, FMeC1 binds amyloid plaques expressed in the hippocampal areas and cortex.
Micromachined magnetoflexoelastic resonator based magnetometer (2015)

In this paper, we demonstrate the performance of a magnetoflexoelastic magnetometer consisting of a micromachined ultra-thin (7.5 μm) quartz bulk acoustic resonator on which 500 nm thick magnetostrictive Metglas® (Fe85B5Si10) film is deposited. The resonance frequency of the unimorph resonator structure is sensitively affected by the magnetostrictively induced flexoelastic effect in quartz and is exploited to detect low frequency (&lt;100 Hz) and nanoTesla magnetic fields. The resonance frequency shift is measured by tracking the at-resonance admittance of the resonator as a function of the applied magnetic field. The frequency shifts are linearly correlated to the magnetic field strength. A minimum detectable magnetic flux density of ∼79 nT has been measured for 10 Hz modulated magnetic field input signals which corresponds to a frequency sensitivity of 0.883 Hz/μT.
Effects of Hexapeptide, a Compound Analogous to Insulin B Chain Fragment B-21-26(DP-432) on the Glucose Uptake into the Perfused Hind Limb of Rats (1978)

DP-432 is a synthetic new peptide analogous to insulin B-chain fragment B21-26. It has been reported that this hexapeptide shows insulin potentiating action besides insulin-like activities in adipose tissue and diaphragm of rats. The perfusion of the hind limb of rats was performed according to the procedure of Ruderman with some modifications. The medium was Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing 0.5% bovine albumin and 8.3 mM glucose. The erythrocytes were omitted from the medium. In this experimental procedure it was shown that the glucose uptake into the hind limb of rats increased by infusion of DP-432 (100 microgram/ml). The amount of glucose uptake into the hind limb responded to insulin doses (50, 100, 1000 muU/ml). DP-432 had insulin-like activity of 100 muU/ml. However, DP-432 itself did not have any potentiation of insulin activity on the muscle.
Effect of Fatty Acyl Chain Length on Some Structural and Functional Parameters of <i>Acholeplasma</i> Membranes (1974)

Two membrane preparations from Acholeplasma laidlawii were obtained by supplementing the growth media with either arachidic or lauric acid. The cells grown with arachidic acid supplementation yielded membrane lipids greatly enriched with the arachidoyl group and those supplemented with lauric acid yielded membrane lipids enriched with lauroyl, myristoyl, and palmitoyl groups. The cell size (0.1–0.7 μm), the membrane thickness (70 ± 14 Å), and the cell shape (coccoid) showed no difference for these two preparations. The arachidoyl-enriched membrane had a greater buoyant density (1.195 g/ml vs. 1.189 g/ml), a smaller permeability to glycerol, and a greater sensitivity to osmotic shock compared to the membrane enriched with shorter acyl groups. The spin label 2-(10-carboxydecyl)-2-hexyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl is less mobile in the arachidoyl-enriched membrane (rotational correlation time at 22 °C, τ c = 10 ns) than in the shorter acyl groups enriched membrane (τ c = 6 ns). This difference in apparent membrane fluidity can account for the differences observed for the membrane properties.
A CLASSIFICATION OF SUBAQUEOUS SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES BASED ON RHEOLOGICAL AND KINEMATICAL PARAMETERS (1965)

SUMMARY A wide range of subaqueous sedimentary structures is classified according to the behaviour of sediments at the time of formation of the structures and according to the nature of the motions to which these sediments are subject at that time. Assessments of sediment behaviour and nature of motions are given for each group of structures. The principles and elemental bases of the classification are discussed and its advantages are briefly stated.
Desensitization of oxytocin receptors in human myometrium (1998)

In the present study, we investigated the possible mechanisms by which oxytocin might regulate oxytocin receptor (OTR) density. Exposure of cultured myometrial cells to oxytocin for a prolonged period caused desensitization: the steady-state level of oxytocin binding was 210 x 10(3) binding sites/cell, but this was time-dependently reduced to 20.1 x 10(3) sites/cell by exposing the cells to oxytocin for up to 20 h. In contrast, Western blotting data showed that the total amount of OTR protein was not affected by oxytocin treatment for up to 24 h. Flow cytometry experiments demonstrated that OTRs were not internalized during this treatment. However, RNase protection assays and Northern analysis showed that in cultured myometrial cells OTR mRNA was reduced by oxytocin treatment to reach a new low steady-state concentration. Analysis of this mRNA in myometrial biopsies from 17 patients undergoing emergency Caesarean section showed how it decreased with advancing labour. Samples obtained after 12 h of labour contained approximately 50 times less OTR mRNA than samples obtained from patients in labour for less than 12 h. We speculate that this decrease in OTR mRNA represents in-vivo OTR desensitization.
A case for direct-mapped caches (1988)

Direct-mapped caches are defined, and it is shown that trends toward larger cache sizes and faster hit times favor their use. The arguments are restricted initially to single-level caches in uniprocessors. They are then extended to two-level cache hierarchies. How and when these arguments for caches in uniprocessors apply to caches in multiprocessors are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
SIFT based fingerprint corepoint localization (2012)

The detection of singular points (core and delta), accurately and reliably, is very important for classification and matching of fingerprints.This paper presents a new approach for core point detection based on Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) operation. Firstly, SIFT points are extracted, then reliability and ridge frequency criteria are applied to reduce the candidate point required to make a decision on the core point. Finally a suitable mask is applied to detect an accurate core point. Experiments on FVC2002 and FVC2004 database show that our approach locates a unique reference point with high accuracy. Results have been compared with existing methods in terms of accuracy of core point detection. To make the algorithm reliable, a simple point based matching has been implemented.
A novel route to .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphonic acids and dialkyl .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphonate hydrochlorides (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA novel route to .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphonic acids and dialkyl .alpha.-aminoalkylphosphonate hydrochloridesK. Darrell Berlin, N. K. Roy, R. T. Claunch, and D. BudeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 16, 4494–4495Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01018a076https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01018a076research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views198Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Pungents. Fatty Acid Amides<sup>1</sup> (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPungents. Fatty Acid Amides1Leonard M. Rice, Charles H. Grogan, Bernard H. Armbrecht, and E. Emmet ReidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 14, 3730–3731Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01643a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01643a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Histology of skin of the amphibious esh,<i>periophthalmus modestus</i> (2000)

Structure of the skin in amphibious fish, Periophthalmus modestus, was described in relation to cutaneous respiration. The epidermis has no gland cell. The epidermis consists of three regions: outermost layer of one to five layers of flattened epithelial cells, middle layer of swollen epithelial cells instead of glandular cells and stratum germinativum of cuboidal cells. There are numerous blood capillaries in the outermost layer of the epidermis and diffusion distance between the blood of capillaries and the epidermis is about 1.4 μm. The middle layer of the epidermis appears to be a web‐like structure due to the swollen epithelial cells. The stratum germinativum has a well‐developed lymphatic space containing lymphocytes. There are numerous blood capillaries and elliptical area with acid mucopolysaccharides in stratum laxum of the dermis. The skin of Periophthalmus modestus may be an accessory respiratory organ for oxygen uptake during terrestrial or aquatic life.
Interviewed by Penny van Toorn (2002)

PvT: Let's start with the question of why you wrote the story of your life in Black Hours? WK : There were several reasons. First, it was a healing process for me, laying to rest my devils. At forty-two, I ended up in Alcoholics Anonymous. I had had it all - youth, looks, intelligence - and yet here I was an alcoholic with nothing to show for what had been a rather interesting life. I wanted to know what had gone wrong? For example, children get their sense of identity and belonging from their parents and yet I knew nothing about my mother's childhood.
A Genetic Expression Profile Associated with Oral Cancer Identifies a Group of Patients at High Risk of Poor Survival (2009)

Gene expression and stage combined predict survival of OSCC patients better than stage alone.
Using fitness distributions to improve the evolution of learning structures (2003)

The absolute benefit, a measure of improvement in the fitness space, is derived from the viewpoint of fitness distribution and fitness trajectory analysis. It is used for online operator adaptation, where the optimization of density estimation models serves as an example. A new information theory based measure is proposed to judge the accuracy of the evolved models. Further, the absolute benefit is applied to offline analysis of new gradient based operators used for coefficient adaptation in genetic programming. An efficient method to calculate the gradient information is presented.
Proof-of-concept Raman spectroscopy study aimed to differentiate thyroid follicular patterned lesions (2017)

Inter-observer variability and cancer over-diagnosis are emerging clinical problems, especially for follicular patterned thyroid lesions. This challenge strongly calls for a new clinical tool to reliably identify neoplastic lesions and to improve the efficiency of differentiation between benign and malignant neoplasms, especially considering the increased diagnosis of small carcinomas and the growing number of thyroid nodules. In this study, we employed a Raman spectroscopy (RS) microscope to investigate frozen thyroid tissues from fourteen patients with thyroid nodules. To generate tissue classification models, a supervised statistical analysis of the Raman spectra was performed. The results obtained demonstrate an accuracy of 78% for RS based diagnosis to discriminate between normal parenchyma and follicular patterned thyroid nodules, and 89% accuracy - for very challenging follicular lesions (carcinoma versus adenoma). RS translation into intraoperative diagnosis of frozen sections and in preoperative analysis of biopsies can be very helpful to reduce unnecessary surgery in patients with indeterminate cytological reports.
A low voltage buck DC-DC converter using on-chip gate boost technique in 40nm CMOS (2013)

A low voltage buck DC-DC converter (0.45-V input, 0.4-V output) with on-chip gate boosted (OGB) and clock frequency scaled digital PWM controller is designed in 40-nm CMOS process. The highest efficiency to date is achieved at the output power less than 40μW. In order to compensate for the die-to-die delay variations of a delay line in the proposed digital PWM controller, a linear delay trimming by a logarithmic stress voltage (LSV) scheme with good controllability is also proposed and verified in measurement.
The Role of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Acute Liver Injury (1993)

GARCIA RODRIGUEZ, LUIS A.; GUTTHANN, SUSANNE PEREZ; WALKER, ALEXANDER M.; LUECK, LEAH Author Information
PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF FILTRATION (1969)

Relying on the work of John R. Baylis, the author describes the behavior of the traditional rapid sand filter, then extends the discussion to cover dual‐media beds and higher filtration rates.
An object-aware memory architecture (2005)

Despite its dominance, object-oriented computation has received scant attention from the architecture community. We propose a novel memory architecture that supports objects and garbage collection (GC). Our architecture is co-designed with a Java Virtual Machine to improve the functionality and efficiency of heap memory management. The architecture is based on an address space for objects accessed using object IDs mapped by a translator to physical addresses. To support this, the system includes object-addressed caches, a hardware GC barrier to allow in-cache GC of objects, and an exposed cache structure cooperatively managed by the JVM. These extend a conventional architecture, without compromising compatibility or performance for legacy binaries. Our innovations enable various improvements such as: a novel technique for parallel and concurrent garbage collection, without requiring any global synchronization; an in-cache garbage collector, which never accesses main memory; concurrent compaction of objects; and elimination of most GC store barrier overhead. We compare the behavior of our system against that of a conventional generational garbage collector, both with and without an explicit allocate-incache operation. Explicit allocation eliminates many write misses; our scheme additionally trades L2 misses for in-cache operations, and provides the mapping indirection required for concurrent compaction.
Insertion of part of an intron into the 5' untranslated region of a Caenorhabditis elegans gene converts it into a trans-spliced gene. (1991)

In nematodes, the RNA products of some genes are trans-spliced to a 22-nucleotide spliced leader (SL), while the RNA products of other genes are not. In Caenorhabditis elegans, there are two SLs, SL1 and SL2, donated by two distinct small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles in a process functionally quite similar to nuclear intron removal. We demonstrate here that it is possible to convert a non-trans-spliced gene into a trans-spliced gene by placement of an intron missing only the 5' splice site into the 5' untranslated region. Stable transgenic strains were isolated expressing a gene in which 69 nucleotides of a vit-5 intron, including the 3' splice site, were inserted into the 5' untranslated region of a vit-2/vit-6 fusion gene. The RNA product of this gene was examined by primer extension and PCR amplification. Although the vit-2/vit-6 transgene product is not normally trans-spliced, the majority of transcripts from this altered gene were trans-spliced to SL1. We termed the region of a trans-spliced mRNA precursor between the 5' end and the first 3' splice site an "outron." Our results suggest that if a transcript begins with intronlike sequence followed by a 3' splice site, this alone may constitute an outron and be sufficient to demarcate a transcript as a trans-splice acceptor. These findings leave open the possibility that specific sequences are required to increase the efficiency of trans-splicing.
Relief for maritime medical emergencies through telematics (1998)

MERMAID is a European Union (EU)-financed maritime telemedicine project with global reach and 24-h multilingual capability, so as to serve multinational crews working in the isolation of the world's oceans. It provides a model for the provision of healthcare services based on the electronic transmission of medical information via ISDN-based video conferencing. This model is not limited to medical diagnostics, but it encompasses all cases in which the actual delivery of healthcare services involves a patient who is not located where the provider is. Its implementation requires the commissioning of an extensive telecommunications infrastructure that includes both satellite transmission for ship to shore communication and an extensive ground-based network for summoning expert medical help from around the world so as to meet the project's multilinguality requirements and, therefore, the exploration of a number of solutions. In fact, all categories of telemedical applications (audio and video conferencing, multimedia communications, flat file and image transfer with low-, medium-, and high-bandwidth data requirements) are considered, while the full range of network choices (digital land lines, cellular/wireless, satellite, and broadband) are being tested in terms of cost/performance tradeoffs that are inherent to them and the developmental stage each of these options occupies in their lifecycle. Finally, out of that, MERMAID utilizes advanced land-based line transmission technologies to aid the remote patient by making available the specialist care that is best suited in the particular case.