gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Is it Possible to Analyze DNA and Protein Sequences by the Methods of Digital Signal Processing? (1985)

Informational content of linear macromolecules (DNA, RNA, and proteins) is analyzed by the method of digital signal processing. Each element (amino acid or nucleotide) of macromolecules is represented by the corresponding value of electron-ion interaction potential. This numerical representation of the primary structure of macromolecules is subjected to digital signal processing in order to extract the information corresponding to biological function. It is shown that the multiple cross spectrum of functionally related sequences exhibits significant peak frequencies. In the case of functionally unrelated sequences such peaks were not found. Peak frequencies are different for different biological functions. Based on this, we conjecture that the peak frequencies in the multiple cross spectrum of sequences with the same boilogical function are related to this biological function.
Restoration of vision II: Residual functions and training-induced visual field enlargement in brain-damaged patients (1999)

The visual system possesses a remarkable plasticity which becomes apparent in visual field enlargement during spontaneous recovery and specific visual training. Animal studies indicate that a minimum number of residual neurons surviving the lesion, in the order of 10%, provides a sufficient substrate for recovery of vision. Though the precise mechanisms of training-induced visual field enlargement need to be further explored, VRT can be introduced for routine clinical treatment of patients with visual field defects.
Assessing the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma on the basis of EBV antibody spectrum (2001)

We have evaluated the performance of 3 new EBV ELISA for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The tests were specific for EBNA 1 IgA, EBNA 1 IgG and zta IgG, respectively. Their distinct antigenic specificity permits these assays to be used in concert in an approach that differentiates patients and apparently healthy subjects on the basis of their antibody spectrum. By so exploiting a distinguishing feature of NPC first described by Lloyd Olds and his group (Olds et al., Proc Nat Acad Sci 1966;56:1699-1704) [corrected] that the patients sustain high levels of a broad spectrum of serum EBV antibodies, this approach achieved a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 93%, surpassing the performance of each of these assays individually. The enhanced performance is especially useful in population screening. It was shown that relative risk of NPC sustained by apparently healthy subjects residing in a high incidence area for NPC in the Pearl River estuary in Southern China may vary according to EBV antibody spectrum. The risk of the cancer was markedly reduced with odds ratios of 0.009 for 59% of those who had low level of all 3 antibodies. The risk was increased as antibody spectrum broadens and the risk was the highest with an odds ratio of 138 for 0.4% of those who had high levels of all 3 antibodies. Thus, EBV antibody spectrum may serve to guide follow-up measures for early detection of the cancer and/or risk counseling according to level of the risk of the cancer sustained by the screened individuals.
Apoptosis mediated by HIV protease is preceded by cleavage of Bcl-2. (1996)

Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) protease in cultured cells leads to apoptosis, preceded by cleavage of bcl-2, a key negative regulator of cell death. In contrast, a high level of bcl-2 protects cells in vitro and in vivo from the viral protease and prevents cell death following HIV infection of human lymphocytes, while reducing the yields of viral structural proteins, infectivity, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. We present a model for HIV replication in which the viral protease depletes the infected cells of bcl-2, leading to oxidative stress-dependent activation of NF kappa B, a cellular factor required for HIV transcription, and ultimately to cell death. Purified bcl-2 is cleaved by HIV protease between phenylalanine 112 and alanine 113. The results suggest a new option for HIV gene therapy; bcl-2 muteins that have noncleavable alterations surrounding the HIV protease cleavage site.
A software solution for recording circadian oscillator features in time-lapse live cell microscopy (2010)

CGE is a Java plugin for ImageJ; it is freely available at: http://bigwww.epfl.ch/sage/soft/circadian/.
Using extremal boundaries for 3-D object modeling (1992)

The extremal boundaries, of 3-D curved objects are the images of special curves drawn on the object and are called rims. They are viewpoint dependent and characterized by the fact that the optical rays of their points are tangential to the surface of the object. The mathematics of the relationship between the extremal boundaries and the surface of the object is studied. This study makes it possible to design an algorithm for detecting those boundaries in the images that are likely to be extremal. Once this has been done, one can reconstruct the rims and compute the differential properties of the surface of the object along them up to the second order. If a qualitative description is sufficient, the sign of the Gaussian curvature of the surface along the rim can be computed in a much simpler way. Experimental results are presented on synthetic and real images. The work provides a better understanding of the relationship between the apparent and real shape of a 3-D object as well as algorithms for reconstructing the local shape of such an object along the rims.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effect of phosphorus on the oral glucose tolerance test (2011)

An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Electrical and magnetic properties of multiferroic BiFeO3/CoFe2O4 heterostructure (2008)

To realize a magnetoelectric heterostructure with desired ferroelectric and magnetic properties, a heterostructure consisting of BiFeO3 (BFO)/CoFe2O4 (CFO) layers has been grown on SrRuO3 buffered Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrate by rf sputtering. X-ray diffraction shows that the BFO and CFO phases have been successfully retained in the heterostructure. Grain growth of the CFO phase was enhanced on top of the BFO layer. The heterostructure exhibits both ferroelectric and magnetic behaviors at room temperature. Its remanent polarization (2Pr) is measured to be ∼146 μC/cm2 and the coercive field (2Ec) is ∼1803 kV/cm, while the saturation magnetization (2Ms) is 140 emu/cm3 and the coercive field (2Hc) is ∼2.7 kOe. The leakage current behavior of the heterostructure is consistent with space charge limited conduction mechanism. While the heterostructure is promising for multiferroic behavior, it would be necessary to control the structural defects such that the leakage is minimized.
Dynamics of Telomeres and Promyelocytic Leukemia Nuclear Bodies in a Telomerase-negative Human Cell Line (2009)

Telomerase-negative tumor cells maintain their telomeres via an alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism. This process involves the association of telomeres with promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs). Here, the mobility of both telomeres and PML-NBs as well as their interactions were studied in human U2OS osteosarcoma cells, in which the ALT pathway is active. A U2OS cell line was constructed that had lac operator repeats stably integrated adjacent to the telomeres of chromosomes 6q, 11p, and 12q. By fluorescence microscopy of autofluorescent LacI repressor bound to the lacO arrays the telomere mobility during interphase was traced and correlated with the telomere repeat length. A confined diffusion model was derived that describes telomere dynamics in the nucleus on the time scale from seconds to hours. Two telomere groups were identified that differed with respect to the nuclear space accessible to them. Furthermore, translocations of PML-NBs relative to telomeres and their complexes with telomeres were evaluated. Based on these studies, a model is proposed in which the shortening of telomeres results in an increased mobility that could facilitate the formation of complexes between telomeres and PML-NBs.
Association between the DRD2-141C Insertion/Deletion polymorphism and schizophrenia (2009)

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the genetic component is an important risk factor for the development of schizophrenia. The genes that codify the different compounds of the dopaminergic system have created interest for molecular investigations in patients with schizophrenia because the antipsychotic drugs, especially those of first generation, act on this cerebral system. Thus the aim of the present study was to investigate the possible association between the -141 Ins/Del (rs1799732) polymorphism of the dopamine receptor type 2 (DRD2) and schizophrenia. The distribution of the alleles and genotypes of the studied polymorphism was investigated in a sample of 229 patients and 733 controls. There were statistical differences in the allelic (chi2=9.78; p=0.001) and genotypic genotypic (chi2=12.74; p=0.001) distributions between patients and controls. Thus the -141C Ins/Del polymorphism of the DRD2 gene (allele Ins) was associated to the SCZ phenotype in the investigated sample.
Remyelination in multiple sclerosis (1997)

Stimulation of remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions may be one possible therapeutic approach. However, since the pathology and pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis may be heterogeneous, it is important to analyze in what patients and at what stages of the disease such a therapy can be reasonable and feasible. Spontaneous remyelination is pronounced in some MS patients. The extent of remyelination correlates well with the presence of oligodendrocytes in the lesions. Yet, the source and origin of the remyelinating cells is still unclear. These may be derived from either undifferentiated progenitor cells or, in part from mature oligodendrocytes, that have escaped destruction during lesional activity. Complete remyelination of plaques is possible, leading to the formation of 'shadow plaques'. No reliable data are available at present on the frequency of remyelination in different forms of MS. However, most studies agree that remyelination is especially prominent at the early stages of the disease, whereas it is sparse after several years of disease duration. In addition, very little remyelination is found in cases of primary progressive MS.
Teaching cross-platform design and testing methods for embedded systems using DICE (2011)

DICE (the DSPCAD Integrative Command Line Environment) is a package of utilities that facilitates efficient management of software projects. Key areas of emphasis in DICE are cross-platform operation, support for projects that integrate heterogeneous programming languages, and support for applying and integrating different kinds of design and testing methodologies. The package is being developed at the University of Maryland to facilitate the research and teaching of methods for implementation, testing, evolution, and revision of engineering software.
An expert system for providing on-line information based on knowledge of individual user characteristics (1986)

In many interactive systems which provide information, such as HELP systems, the form and content of the information presented always seems to satisfy some people and frustrate others. Human Factors textbooks and manuals for interactive systems focus on the need for consistency and adherence to some standard. This implicitly assumes that if the optimum format and level of detail could be found for presenting information to a user, interactive systems would only need to adhere to the standard to be optimum for everyone. This approach neglects one of the most important factors of all--differences in people. If these individualizing differences in people could be identified, a system could be designed with options built into it to accommodate different users. The role of the intelligent active system should be more like that of a human expert or consultant, who answers questions by first interpreting them in terms of the user's knowledge and the context of his activities and then recommending actions which may be otherwise unknown to the user.
The HELP system developed in this study is an Expert System written in PROLOG which uses logic programming rules to intelligently provide needed information to a terminal user. It responds to a request with a full screen display containing information determined by the request, the user's cognitive style and the user's experience level. The investigation studies the relationship between some cognitive style and experience level parameters and individual preferences and efficacy with an interactive computer information system. These factors are measured by the ability of an individual user to perform unfamiliar tasks using a HELP function as information source. The format of the information provided by the HELP function is varied along three dimensions and the content of the information is varied by three levels of detail.
Experiments were performed with the system and experimental results are presented which show some trends relating cognitive style and individual preferences and performance using the system. In addition, it is argued that an Expert System can perform such a function effectively.
Evaluating the Hardware Performance of a Million-Bit Multiplier (2013)

In this work we present the first full and complete evaluation of a very large multiplication scheme in custom hardware. We designed a novel architecture to realize a million-bit multiplication architecture based on the Schönhage-Strassen Algorithm and the Number Theoretical Transform (NTT). The construction makes use of an innovative cache architecture along with processing elements customized to match the computation and access patterns of the FFT-based recursive multiplication algorithm. When synthesized using a 90nm TSMC library operating at a frequency of 666 MHz, our architecture is able to compute the product of integers in excess of a million bits in 7.74 milliseconds. Estimates show that the performance of our design matches that of previously reported software implementations on a high-end 3 Ghz Intel Xeon processor, while requiring only a tiny fraction of the area.
[Congenital grouped pigmentation of the retina]. (2004)

A case of grouped pigmentation of the retina with unilateral localisation is presented. The positive diagnosis of this congenital abnormality is decided upon the aspects of the retinal grouped pigmentations and it is confirmed using additional test: angiography, electrophysiological methods, visual field test and adaptometry.
Corner compensation techniques in anisotropic etching of (1991)

Various compensation structures preventing the undercutting of convex corners of
Goalbit: The first free and open source peer-to-peer streaming network (2009)

In this paper we present the GoalBit platform. GoalBit is the first open source peer-to-peer system for the distribu-tion of real-time video streams through the Internet. The main advantage of a P2P architecture is the possibility of ex-ploiting the available bandwidth unused by the set of user’ hosts connected to the network. The main difficulty is that these hosts are typically highly dynamic, they continuously enter and leave the network. To deal with this problem, we use a mesh connectivity approach (bittorrent-like) where the stream is decomposed into several pieces sent by differ-ent peers to each client. Nowadays, the GoalBit platform is used by operators and by final users to broadcast their live contents. In this paper we explain by the first time the Goalbit architecture, its protocol, and how the content is packetized. To illustrate its potential, we present some em-pirical results measured in a popular final user channel, with more than 60 peers concurrently connected.
Dual inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase by the orally active inhibitor mixanpril: a potential therapeutic approach in hypertension. (1994)

In the treatment of cardiovascular disease, it could be of therapeutic interest to associate the hypotensive effects due to the inhibition of angiotensin II formation with the diuretic and natriuretic responses induced by the protection of the endogenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). Investigation of this hypothesis requires an orally active compound able to simultaneously inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and neutral endopeptidase (NEP), which is involved in renal ANP metabolism. Such compounds have been rationally designed by taking into account the structural characteristics of the active site of both peptidases. Among them, RB 105, N-[(2S,3R)-2-mercaptomethyl-1-oxo-3-phenylbutyl]-(S)-alanine, inhibited NEP and ACE with Ki values of 1.7 +/- 0.3 nM and 4.2 +/- 0.5 nM, respectively. Intravenous infusion of RB 105 in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats prevented the pressor response to exogenous angiotensin I and potentiated the natriuretic response to ANP. Infusion of RB 105, at 2.5, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg per hr decreased blood pressure dose-dependently in conscious catheterized spontaneously hypertensive rats and increased diuresis and natriuresis. Infusion of RB 105 as a bolus of 25 mg/kg followed by 25 mg/kg per hr similarly decreased blood pressure and increased natriuresis in three different models of hypertension (renovascular, deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt, and spontaneously hypertensive rats). Mixanpril, a lipophilic prodrug of RB 105 (ED50 values when given orally to mice, 0.7 mg/kg for NEP; 7 mg/kg for ACE), elicited dose-dependent hypotensive effects of long duration in spontaneously hypertensive rats after oral administration [-37 mmHg for 50 mg/kg twice a day (1 mmHg = 133 Pa) and is therefore the first dual NEP/ACE inhibitor potentially useful for clinical investigations.
Plasma transport in a torus of arbitrary aspect ratio (1973)

Finite aspect ratio modifications to neoclassical transport theory are considered. In the general case of arbitrary flux surface geometry, a closed set of macroscopic equations is derived. These include the equation which determines the time evolution of the flux surfaces. In the large aspect ratio case, the O (r /R ) corrections to the order O (r )1/2)R (1/2)) transport coefficients, calculated previously, are obtained. In particular, an expression for the electrical conductivity is obtained which may be regarded as exact for all experimentally interesting aspect ratios.
Performance analysis of redundant-path networks for multiprocessor systems (1985)

Performance of a class of multistage interconnection networks employing redundant paths is investigated. Redundant path networks provide significant tolerance to faults at minimal costs; in this paper improvements in performance and very graceful degradation are also shown to result from the availability of redundant paths. A Markov model is introduced for the operation of these networks in the circuit-switched mode and is solved numerically to obtain the performance measures of interest. The structure of the networks that provide maximal performance is also characterized.
The use of transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis, guided biopsy, staging and screening of prostate cancer. (1987)

In the authors' experience, transrectal sonography has the ability not only to stage prostatic cancer accurately, but also to detect such lesions before they become palpable.
Electrical Characterization of $\hbox{Al}_{2} \hbox{O}_{3}$/n-InAs Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor Capacitors With Various Surface Treatments (2011)

Ex situ sulfide and HCl wet chemical treatments in conjunction with in situ trimethyl aluminum (TMA) pretreatment were performed before the deposition of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> on n-InAs surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses show a significant reduction of InAs native oxides after different treatments. The capacitance-voltage <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> characterization of Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /n-InAs structures shows that the frequency dispersion in the accumulation regime is small (<; 0.75%/dec) and does not seem to be significantly affected by the different surface treatments, whereas the latter improves depletion and inversion behaviors of the n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors. The interface trap density profiles extracted from the simulation mainly show donorlike interface states inside the InAs band gap and in the lower part of the conduction band. The donorlike traps inside the InAs band gap and in the lower part of the conduction band were significantly reduced by using wet-chemical-plus-TMA treatments, in agreement with <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</i> - <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> characteristics.
Cytokine Administration Alters the Distribution of Activated Lymphocytes to the Lung (1991)

The effects of intraperitoneal injections of recombinant interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1; 250,000 U/day), interleukin-2 (IL-2; 50,000 units/day), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; 50,000 U/day) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF; 100,000 U/day), on the biodistribution of concanavalin A (Con A)-activated, indium-111-labeled lymphocytes were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Syngeneic spleen cells were activated for 48 h in medium with Con A (5 micrograms/ml) and maintained in culture for 72 h in IL-2 (1,000 U/ml). Groups of 12 mice were treated for 4 days with either one of the cytokines or saline. On day 4, mice received 10(7) lymphocytes (3-5 mu Ci) intravenously. Mice were sacrificed at 4 and 24 h following injection and the percent of administered dose per organ was determined. TNF and IL-1 produced a significant increase in lung uptake of radiolabeled lymphocytes at 4 and 24 h, whereas IL-2 and IFN-gamma decreased uptake at both time points. IL-1 increased uptake by liver at 4 and 24 h while IL-2 increased uptake only at 4 h. We conclude that the distribution of activated lymphocytes following adoptive transfer is altered by cytokines. This finding may have important implications for cell delivery during adoptive immunotherapy.
Age-Related Changes of Claudin Expression in Mouse Liver, Kidney, and Pancreas (2009)

Tight junctions (TJs) play crucial roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation through their roles in the control of paracellular transport and barrier function. There is evidence that these functions are compromised in older organisms, but the exact mechanisms leading to TJ deterioration are not well understood. Claudin proteins are a family of membrane proteins that constitute the structural barrier elements of TJs and therefore play a major role in their formation and function. Using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, we have studied the expression of six different claudin proteins (claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, and -7) in three tissues (liver, kidney, and pancreas) of aging male and female mice. In general, we find an age-dependent decrease in the expression of several claudin proteins in all three tissues observed, although the exact changes are tissue specific. Our findings provide a possible basis for the decrease in tissue barrier function in older organisms.