gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and Management of Venous Ulcers (2008)

Venous ulceration of the lower extremities is a common and often disabling condition. Venous ulcers are the result of a chronic inflammatory condition caused by persistent venous hypertension. Therapy is directed at counteracting the chronic inflammation in the tissues and at decreasing ambulatory venous hypertension in the area. Compression therapy helps decrease the venous hypertension and aids healing. Topical agents may be used to help decrease the bacterial load in the wound, provide a moist healing environment for dry wounds, or absorb the exudate in wounds with a lot of drainage. Pharmacological adjuncts, such as pentoxifylline or flavanoids, may help counteract the chronic inflammation in the ulcerated area. Interventions to decrease the ambulatory venous hypertension can help patients with either active or healed ulcers. Ablation of incompetent superficial truncal veins and/or perforating veins using radiofrequency ablation, endovenous laser ablation, or foam sclerotherapy can speed ulcer healing and prevent recurrence.
Separation of Chymosin and Pepsin in Calf Rennet by Dye-Ligant) Affinity Chromatography (1987)

When calf rennet containing approximately 15% pepsin was applied to a Cibacron Blue agarose column at pH 5.5 in a low salt medium, pepsin passed through unadsorbed while chymosin was bound to the gel in the column. After washing the column, the bound chymosin was eluted with 1.7 M NaCl or 50% (v/v) aqueous ethylene glycol. The salt eluate was analyzed and found to contain greater than 97% pure chymosin. The fraction that passed through unadsorbed was found to contain greater than 96% pure pepsin. Thus a complete separation of chymosin and pepsin was effected by this technique without having to destroy either enzyme. Both enzymes are highly negatively charged at pH 5.5 but the separation does not arise from anion exchange since the gel functions as a cation exchanger. The separation appears to result from a combination of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of chymosin with Blue agarose. It is suggested that the enhanced affinity of chymosin to the Blue gel over pepsin may arise from topographically specified interaction between chymosin and the blue chromophore. Differential surface hydrophobicity may also play a key role, since in the presence of 0.7 M Na2SO4 the same behavior as at low ionic strength is observed.
Oxonol dyes: X-ray crystallographic and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance studies of some organic semiconductors (1991)

X-Ray structural studies, together with solution and solid-state multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and d.c. electrical conductivity data, are reported for the hydroxypyridone trimethine oxonol dyes (3). The structural work reveals that, as in the related cyanine materials, the dye molecules can adopt two different types of packing arrangement: herringbone and infinite parallel stacks. Cations of the type R4X+(X = N, P) favour infinite parallel stacks, whereas less symmetrical cations yield herringbone structures; 13C MAS NMR appears to provide a convenient probe for these structural features. All the materials are semi-insulating with the notable exception of one of the phosphonium dyes, which is a moderate semiconductor (Ea= 0.33 eV). Crystals of the Et3NH+ salt (3a) are monoclinic: a= 19.035(4)Å, b= 8.476(3)Å, c= 17.131(4)Å, β= 101.85(2)°, space group P21/n, Z= 4, R= 7.7 (Rw= 7.3)%; those of the Ph4P+ salt (3b) are monoclinic: a= 12.634(6)Å, b= 11.802(9)Å, c= 12.875(9)Å, β= 95.69°, space group P2/c, Z= 2, R= 6.4 (Rw= 6.1)%; and those of the Me2NH+CH2CH2O—CO—C(Me)CH2 salt (3c) are monoclinic: a= 31.313(5)Å, b= 7.436(3)Å, c= 25.495(4)Å, β= 100.63(7)°, space group C2/c, Z= 8, R= 7.7 (Rw= 6.5)%.
A Novel Family of Serine/Threonine Kinases Participating in Spermiogenesis (1997)

The molecular mechanisms regulating the spectacular cytodifferentiation observed during spermiogenesis are poorly understood. We have recently identified a murine testis-specific serine kinase (tssk) 1, constituting a novel subfamily of serine/threonine kinases. Using low stringency screening we have isolated and molecularly characterized a second closely related family member, tssk 2, which is probably the orthologue of the human DGS-G gene. Expression of tssk 1 and tssk 2 was limited to the testis of sexually mature males. Immunohistochemical staining localized both kinases to the cytoplasm of late spermatids and to structures resembling residual bodies. tssk 1 and tssk 2 were absent in released sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and the epididymis, demonstrating a tight window of expression restricted to the last stages of spermatid maturation. In vitro kinase assays of immunoprecipitates containing either tssk 1 or tssk 2 revealed no autophosphorylation of the kinases, however, they led to serine phosphorylation of a coprecipitating protein of approximately 65 kD. A search for interacting proteins using the yeast two-hybrid system with tssk 1 and tssk 2 cDNA as baits and a prey cDNA library from mouse testis, led to the isolation of a novel cDNA, interacting specifically with both tssk 1 and tssk 2, and encoding the coprecipitated 65-kD protein phosphorylated by both kinases. Interestingly, expression of the interacting clone was also testis specific and paralleled the developmental expression observed for the kinases themselves. These results represent the first demonstration of the involvement of a distinct kinase family, the tssk serine/threonine kinases, together with a substrate in the cytodifferentiation of late spermatids to sperms.
Luminescent Atropisomeric N,N-Chelating Ligands from Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot C−N and C−C Coupling Reactions (2007)

New atropisomeric N,N-chelating ligands with a 3,3'-bis[2-(2'-py)-indolyl] unit have been achieved via one-pot reactions that involve the formation of multiple C-N bonds between an indolyl and a brominated benzene and the indolyl 3,3'-C-C coupling. The new ligands display distinct blue intramolecular excimer emission (lambda(max) = 445 nm). Cu(I) ions bind to the new N,N-chelate ligands with a homochiral selectivity. The complex [Cu(bpib)2][BF(4)] (bpib = bis{3,3'-[N-phenyl-2-(2'-py)-indolyl]}) crystallizes as chiral crystals, thus allowing enantiomeric separation.
Anomaly Detection Based on Aggregation of Indicators (2014)

Automatic anomaly detection is a major issue in various areas. Beyond mere detection, the identification of the origin of the problem that produced the anomaly is also essential. This paper introduces a general methodology that can assist human operators who aim at classifying monitoring signals. The main idea is to leverage expert knowledge by generating a very large number of indicators. A feature selection method is used to keep only the most discriminant indicators which are used as inputs of a Naive Bayes classifier. The parameters of the classifier have been optimized indirectly by the selection process. Simulated data designed to reproduce some of the anomaly types observed in real world engines.
Stability of Time Marching Algorithms for the Electric Field Integral Equation (1990)

Abstract The stability of a simple numerical scheme for solving the time dependent form of the Electric Field Integral Equation is investigated in this paper. In this so-called "time marching" algorithm, the time step Δt times the speed of light c does not exceed the minimum spatial grid step Δ, and the surface current and charge distributions are found explicitly in terms of the distribution at earlier times. In order to obtain solutions which are stable in the long term, two points must be considered. (i) The product cΔt must not exceed Δ/√2. (Courant condition.) (ii) If the scatterer has internal resonances (i.e., is a closed body) or has a SEM pole close to the imaginary axis then, in addition to the Courant condition holding, an averaging procedure must be used. A four step averaging procedure is found to be necessary for closed bodies with internal resonances, such as the cube, whereas a three step procedure is found to be adequate for pair of parallel plates, which has no internal resonance, but does possess poles near the imaginary axis. These averaging processes are easily incorporated into the original time marching algorithm, and produce solutions which are stable in the long term and are of accuracy comparable to those produced by the unaveraged basic algorithm prior to the onset of instability.
Trees in the List (2014)

Network packet classification is performed by a wide variety of network devices, like routers or firewalls. Accordingly, researchers have put great efforts in the development of fast packet classification algorithms. However, despite the fact that such approaches have been around for over a decade, most classification systems used in practice still rely on the slow linear search approach. In this work, we propose a methodology that enables linear search-based systems with jump semantics to take advantage of the superior matching performance of decision tree algorithms, without the need to touch the underlying system implementation. By performing source-to-source transformations on packet classification rule sets, we encode decision trees inside of the modified rule sets in order to guide and tweak the originally linear matching process. We implement this in a proof-of-concept tool which transforms Linux iptables firewall rule sets. Our evaluation demonstrates that throughput performance boosts of one order of magnitude and more are possible - without changing the semantics of the rule set, and without any modifications to the matching engine.
SIRT1 Modulation of the Acetylation Status, Cytosolic Localization, and Activity of LKB1 (2008)

SIRT1, a histone/protein deacetylase, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) are key enzymes responsible for longevity and energy homeostasis. We examined whether a mechanistic connection exists between these molecules that involves the major AMPK kinase LKB1. Initial studies demonstrated that LKB1 is acetylated in cultured (HEK293T) cells, mouse white adipose tissue, and rat liver. In the 293T cells, SIRT1 overexpression diminished lysine acetylation of LKB1 and concurrently increased its activity, cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio, and association with the LKB1 activator STRAD. In contrast, short hairpin RNA for SIRT1, where studied, had opposite effects on these parameters. Mass spectrometric analysis established that acetylation of LKB1 occurs on multiple, but specific, lysine residues; however, only mutation of lysine 48 to arginine, which mimics deacetylation, reproduced all of the effects of activated SIRT1. SIRT1 also affected downstream targets of LKB1. Thus its overexpression increased AMPK and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation, and conversely, RNA interference-mediated SIRT1 knockdown reduced AMPK phosphorylation and that of another LKB1 target MARK1. Consistent with the results in cultured cells, total LKB1 lysine acetylation was decreased by 60% in the liver of 48-h starved rats compared with starved-refed rats, and this was associated with modest but significant increases in both LKB1 and AMPK activities. These results suggest that LKB1 deacetylation is regulated by SIRT1 and that this in turn influences its intracellular localization, association with STRAD, kinase activity, and ability to activate AMPK.
The effect of saliva on the fate of nanoparticles (2017)

The sound knowledge of NP interactions with saliva enables the improvement of current treatment strategies for inflammatory oral diseases.
Managing anger and aggression in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. (1999)

Posttraumatic stress disorder was categorized as a clinical entity in 1980 in response to assertions by trauma survivors (particularly Vietnam veterans) and their clinicians that existing diagnostic categories failed to adequately describe their symptoms. The diagnostic features of the current DSM-IV diagnosis have been expanded, and the concept of the disorder is still evolving. Posttraumatic stress disorder rarely occurs in "pure" form, and individuals suffering from the disorder commonly meet criteria for Axis I and Axis II disorders. Research is now emerging that supports the prevalence of aggression in posttraumatic stress disorder. Treatment approaches vary, but pharmacotherapy aimed at targeting individual symptoms or clusters can promote mood stabilization. This article discusses the evolving concept of posttraumatic stress disorder as a clinical entity, the association of anger and aggression with the disorder, and the psychopharmacologic approaches to treatment.
Clinical characteristics and sensitivity to food and inhalants among children with eosinophilic esophagitis (2014)

The patients evaluated in this study displayed clinical characteristics of eosinophilic esophagitis similar to those reported in the literature. The sensitivity to foods determined by the tests was less than that observed in prior studies; however, a marked sensitivity to aeroallergens was observed. The different allergen sensitivity profiles observed in this study suggests that, similar to asthma, the eosinophiic esophagitis disease may exhibit several phenotypes.
The methylation status and protein expression of <i>CDH1, p16</i><sup><i>INK4A</i></sup>, and fragile histidine triad in nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (2006)

Although protein expression was not inactivated by methylation alone, p16 expression was inactivated strongly by methylation. In addition, the analysis of methylation and expression of CDH1 played a clinically important role in treatment strategies for patients with NSCLC.
A NEW PATCHING MATERIAL FOR PAVEMENT FAILURES (1966)

AN ECONOMICAL PATCHING MATERIAL FOR REPAIR OF ELASTIC TYPE FAILURES ON FLEXIBLE BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS IS DESCRIBED. THESE FAILURES, CAUSED BY FATIGUE OF THE SURFACE FROM REPEATED DEFLECTION BY HEAVY TRAFFIC, APPEAR AS CHICKENWIRE OR ALLIGATOR PATTERN CRACKS. SHORT-TERM REPAIRS MAY BE MADE BY OVERLAYING OR OTHER COSTLY METHODS. A UNIQUE AND BETTER METHOD INVOLVES THIN APPLICATION OF A HOT ASPHALT AND RUBBER COMPOUND WITH HIGH ELASTICITY AND FLEXIBILITY AS WELL AS LOW TEMPERATURE SUSCEPTIBILITY. THE AGGREGATE IS USED ONLY FOR THIS REPAIR METHOD WAS DEMONSTRATED ON A TEST SECTION.
Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic US Cohort LUMINA XLVIII: factors predictive of pulmonary damage (2007)

The objective of this study was to determine the factors predictive of time to the occurrence of pulmonary damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Six-hundred and twenty-six SLE patients from a multiethnic (Hispanics, African Americans and Caucasians) longitudinal study of outcome were studied. Pulmonary damage was defined as per the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Damage Index. Socioeconomic-demographic, clinical, genetic, serological features, pharmacologic treatments, behavioural, psychological and disease activity [as per the Systemic Lupus Activity Measure-Revised (SLAM-R)] were examined. Factors associated with time to the occurrence of pulmonary damage were examined by Cox proportional hazards regressions. A Kaplan—Meier survival curve was also examined. Forty-six (7.3%) patients had pulmonary damage after a mean (SD) total disease duration of 5.3 (3.6) years. Among those patients, 25 had pulmonary fibrosis, 12 pulmonary hypertension, eight pleural fibrosis, four pulmonary infarction and four shrinking lung syndrome. Seven patients had more than one type of lung damage. Cumulative rates of pulmonary damage at five and 10 years were 7.6% and 11.6%, respectively. In the multivariable analyses, age (HR = 1.033, 95% CI 1.006—1.060; P = 0.0170), pneumonitis (HR = 2.307, 95% CI 1.123—4.739; P = 0.0229) and anti-RNP antibodies (HR = 2.344, 95% CI 1.190—4.618; P = 0.0138) were associated with a shorter time to the occurrence of pulmonary damage while photosensitivity (HR = 0.388, 95% CI 0.184—0.818; P = 0.0128) and oral ulcers (HR = 0.466, 95% CI 0.230—0.942; P = 0.0335) with a longer time. Pulmonary damage is relatively common in SLE. Age, pneumonitis and anti-RNP antibodies were associated with a shorter time to the development of permanent lung disease. Lupus (2007) 16, 410—417.
Association between melanoma and dermal mast cell prevalence in sun-unexposed skin (2004)

The immunomodulatory effects of mast cell products in UV-irradiated skin may contribute significantly to the initiation and development of human cutaneous malignant melanoma.
An event driven software architecture for enterprise-wide data source integration (2002)

This is a work in progress paper where the authors are involved in a telco corporation reengineering project of a half terabyte data warehouse (DW). Firstly the DW context is introduced, focusing in three related and critical issues: the data source integration, component reuse and performance bottlenecks. Then we discuss the actual implicit architecture found in the runtime system, identifying the problems. Finally the proposed architecture is presented. It has two views: a static made with filters and pipes, and a dynamic based on an event driven scheduler, as opposed to a fixed time one. In the runtime scenario, the scheduler reads the pipe configurations from the metadata repository, and then executes on the fly the planned filters, transforming data into business information.
FPGA-Based High-Performance and Scalable Block LU Decomposition Architecture (2011)

Decomposition of a matrix into lower and upper triangular matrices (LU decomposition) is a vital part of many scientific and engineering applications, and the block LU decomposition algorithm is an approach well suited to parallel hardware implementation. This paper presents an approach to speed up implementation of the block LU decomposition algorithm using FPGA hardware. Unlike most previous approaches reported in the literature, the approach does not assume the matrix can be stored entirely on chip. The memory accesses are studied for various FPGA configurations, and a schedule of operations for scaling well is shown. The design has been synthesized for FPGA targets and can be easily retargeted. The design outperforms previous hardware implementations, as well as tuned software implementations including the ATLAS and MKL libraries on workstations.
ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMER BASED ON AVERAGE VOWEL / CONSONANT SPECTRUM WITH PHONEME IDENTIFICATION (2003)

For tele-conference systems or voice-controlled systems, the high-quality sound capture of distant-talking speech is very important. However, background noise and room reverberations seriously de-grade the sound capture quality in real acoustical environments.
Sensitivity and specificity of plasma and urine complement split products as indicators of lupus disease activity (1996)

C4d and Bb are sensitive indicators of moderate-to-severe lupus disease activity and may be most helpful in situations where conventional measurements are not, such as in lupus patients whose C3 and C4 levels remain normal despite evidence of clinical disease activity. It appears from this study that detection of urine C3d may be a simple way of measuring complement activation in the setting of lupus renal disease. The availability of instruments for clinical disease activity measurement such as the SLAM and the SLEDAI may enable more consistent definition of lupus disease activity and may thus provide a means for better examining the role of complement activation products in predicting lupus disease activity in larger patient populations.
High power, high recovery rate water switch (2004)

The high dielectric strength of water, which may reach values of 1 MV/cm makes it an attractive switching medium for high power, low inductance switches. For water switches that operate at voltages of tens of kV, and currents of less than 1 kA, the dielectric recovery time is approximately 1 ms. The recovery process is determined by the decay of a vapor bubble due to the energy deposition in the liquid during breakdown and conduction. To reduce the recovery time, and consequently increase the recovery rate, we flowed water through the switch volume to remove the vapor bubble on a time scale less than the recovery time in static water. Flowing the water transversely through the rod-pin electrode gap with a flow rate of 0.56 1/min allows us to shorten the recovery time to 700 /spl mu/s. Using axial laminar flow with a flow rate of 0.41/min through a nozzle-pin electrode system yields similar results. The recovery rate, the inverse of the recovery time, was, in this case, increased from 1 kHz in static water 1.4 kHz. Increasing the flow rate only causes an increase in recovery rate as long as the flow is laminar; beyond the transition from laminar into turbulent flow, the hold-off voltage decreases. Improvements of the design of the flow-through system such that the transition from laminar into turbulent flow occurs at higher flow velocity will lead to increases in recovery rate. Further increase in recovery rate can be achieved by operating the switch at a reduced breakdown voltage. Using axial flow and operating the switch at a breakdown voltage of 82% of its full dielectric strength allows us to reach recovery rates of 2 kHz.
The p120 catenin partner Kaiso is a DNA methylation-dependent transcriptional repressor (2001)

We describe a novel mammalian DNA binding activity that requires at least two symmetrically methylated CpG dinucleotides in its recognition sequence, preferably within the sequence 5'CGCG. A key component of the activity is Kaiso, a protein with POZ and zinc-finger domains that is known to associate with p120 catenin. We find that Kaiso behaves as a methylation-dependent transcriptional repressor in transient transfection assays. Kaiso is a constituent of one of two methyl-CpG binding complexes originally designated as MeCP1. The data suggest that zinc-finger motifs are responsible for DNA binding, and may therefore target repression to specific methylated regions of the genome. As Kaiso associates with p120 catenin, Kaiso may link events at the cell surface with DNA methylation-dependent gene silencing.
Carbohydrates and the Risk of Breast Cancer among Mexican Women (2004)

In this population, a high percentage of calories from carbohydrate, but not from fat, was associated with increased breast cancer risk. This relation deserves to be investigated further, particularly in populations highly susceptible to insulin resistance.
Flagellin A Toll-Like Receptor 5 Agonist as an Adjuvant in Chicken Vaccines (2014)

Chicken raised under commercial conditions are vulnerable to environmental exposure to a number of pathogens. Therefore, regular vaccination of the flock is an absolute requirement to prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases. To combat infectious diseases, vaccines require inclusion of effective adjuvants that promote enhanced protection and do not cause any undesired adverse reaction when administered to birds along with the vaccine. With this perspective in mind, there is an increased need for effective better vaccine adjuvants. Efforts are being made to enhance vaccine efficacy by the use of suitable adjuvants, particularly Toll-like receptor (TLR)-based adjuvants. TLRs are among the types of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize conserved pathogen molecules. A number of studies have documented the effectiveness of flagellin as an adjuvant as well as its ability to promote cytokine production by a range of innate immune cells. This minireview summarizes our current understanding of flagellin action, its role in inducing cytokine response in chicken cells, and the potential use of flagellin as well as its combination with other TLR ligands as an adjuvant in chicken vaccines.