gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth of Chrysanthemum with Ground Automobile Tires Used as a Container Soil Amendment (1994)

A study was conducted to determine the potential for using ground automobile tires as a container medium amendment. Rooted cuttings of chrysanthemum [Dendranthema × grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura] were planted in 1.56-liter pots containing 1 sand:2 sawdust (v/v) or media in which coarsely or finely ground particles of rubber substituted for 33%, 67%, or 100% of the sawdust. Amendment with the coarse material decreased total porosity and container capacity and increased air-filled porosity and bulk density relative to the sawdust control. Amending the medium with the fine material did not appreciably alter total porosity, container capacity, or bulk density, but did increase air-filled porosity. Plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, and number of open flowers were reduced significantly in rubber-amended media compared to sawdust controls. Rubber amendment reduced shoot tissue concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Cu, but increased Zn as much as 74-fold over control values. There was no accumulation of other heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb) or Na in the tissue due to rubber amendment. This study demonstrates that ground tires might be used as a component of container media in the production of greenhouse chrysanthemums. However, growth reductions and the potential for Zn toxicity may limit the usefulness of ground tires as a substitute for conventional organic amendments.
Nanofibrillated cellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol), montmorillonite clay hybrid nanocomposites with superior barrier and thermomechanical properties (2013)

Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), and montmorillonite (MMT) clay were prepared via solvent casting. In addition to investigating the effect of clay loading, PVA matrices crosslinked with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were prepared and compared with linear (noncrosslinked) PVA nanocomposites. 13 C NMR and infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of crosslinks. Scanning electron microscopy revealed effective NFC and MMT clay dispersion throughout the nanocomposites, while X‐ray diffraction highlighted the effectiveness of PAA to encourage clay dispersion. MMT clay provided a barrier against the diffusion of water and oxygen (molecules) through the nanocomposite films. Permeability and adsorption were further reduced by crosslinking, while oxygen barrier properties were remarkably enhanced at elevated relative humidities. Thermal stability of the PVA segments was strengthened by the presence of MMT clay and crosslinks. MMT clay–reinforced PVA and NFC within the films, increasing the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and glass transition temperature. Crosslinking further enhanced the thermomechanical properties by imparting physical restraints on polymer chain segments, providing elasticity, and ductility. The hybrid films were successfully reinforced at elevated humidities, with nanocomposites displaying enhanced storage moduli and near‐complete recovery. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1117–1131, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
The potential of interleukin-37 as an effective therapeutic agent in asthma (2017)

Interleukin (IL)-37 belongs to the IL-1 cytokine family. It binds to IL-18Rα and recruits the orphan decoy IL-1R8. Emerging evidence shows that IL-37 is a key player in the regulation of inflammation, cellular differentiation, and proliferation. Altered IL-37 expression has been demonstrated in many inflammatory disease conditions, including asthma. In rheumatoid arthritis, IL-37 is involved in the regulation of proliferation, production of inflammatory mediators, and activation of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, this cytokine acts as a negative regulator of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Similarly, IL-37 also appears to suppress allergic inflammation in asthma. In a murine model of asthma, local administration of IL-37 markedly reduced the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration and airway hyper-responsiveness. IL-37 has also been shown to be involved in a number of aspects of allergic inflammation, such as eosinophil and neutrophil recruitment, as well as inhibition of Th1/Th2/Th17 inflammatory mediators. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the function of IL-37 in human asthma have yet to be fully elucidated. This review describes the current evidence regarding the role of IL-37 in the pathophysiology of asthma and evaluates both the potential of IL-37 as a biomarker for airway inflammation and a therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
Object-oriented database support for software environments (1987)

Cactis is an object-oriented, multi-user DBMS developed at the University of Colorado. The implementation is self-adaptive and concurrent, and runs in the Unix/C Sun workstation environment. A central, unique focus of Cactis is the support of functionally-defined data in a manner which provides good performance. Cactis is intended for use in applications which are conducive to an object-oriented approach and involve derived data. Such applications include software environments. Cactis supports the construction of objects and type/subtype hierarchies, which are useful for managing the complex and highly-interrelated data found in software environments. Such data types include programs, requirement specifications, milestone reports, configurations, documentation, and many others. Cactis uses techniques based on attributed graphs to ensure that functionally-defined attributes of objects, such as compilation dependencies, cost calculations, and milestone dependencies can be maintained efficiently. Since it is necessary to dynamically add new tools (such as debuggers and compilers) to a software environment, the DBMS allows the user to extend the type structure. The system also supports an efficient rollback and recovery mechanism, which provides the framework for a software version facility.
Analysis of<i>B</i><sub>1</sub>field profiles and SAR values for multi-strut transverse electromagnetic RF coils in high field MRI applications (2001)

In this work, the B1 field homogeneity and specific absorption rate (SAR) values were evaluated for three high-frequency (340 MHz) radio frequency coils designed for use in human magnetic resonance imaging at 8 tesla. Eight-, 16-, and 24-strut transverse electromagnetic (TEM) resonators were examined both experimentally and with the finite difference time domain numerical method. It was observed that increasing the number of TEM elements acted to lower the maximal achievable frequency of the coil and to increase the experimental complexities associated with tuning and matching. In addition, it is demonstrated from experiment and numerical analysis that the circularly polarized component of the B1 (B1+) field homogeneity in the head improved most from 8- to 16-strut coils. Numerical analysis revealed little difference in terms of SAR distribution between these coils; however, stronger tissue/coil coupling and consequently higher SAR peak values were obtained for the 8-strut case.
Obtaining Industry Control: The Case of the Pharmaceutical Distribution Industry (1995)

In most industries, distributors have lost considerable power and position to large retailers who purchase directly from manufacturers. In contrast, U.S. pharmaceutical wholesalers have gained over 75 percent of the pharmaceutical prescription market during a time when consolidation is paramount in the health care industry. This article shows how niche and differentiation strategies have been used successfully by six industry contenders to achieve this level of dominance.
Avoidance of sulfur loss during ammonia treatment of oligonucleotide phosphorothioates (1997)

Sulfur loss during the unblocking of phosphorothioate analogues of oligonucleotides with concentrated aqueous ammonia can be completely suppressed by the addition of 2-mercaptoethanol.
Tailless keratins assemble into regular intermediate filaments <i>in vitro</i> (1990)

To study the influence of the non alpha-helical tail domain of keratins in filament formation, we prepared a truncated keratin 8 mutant, K8/tailless. Using site-directed in vitro mutagenesis we introduced a stop codon in the position coding for amino acid number 417 of the K8/wild-type sequence, thereby deleting 86 amino acids of the non alpha-helical tail domain but leaving the consensus sequence at the end of the rod domain intact. Expression of the truncated keratin 8 in Escherichia coli allowed us to purify the protein by a two-step procedure. The filament-forming capacity of the truncated K8 with wild-type K18 and K19 was analyzed using in vitro reconstitution. The in vitro assembly studies with K8/tailless and K18 wild-type indicate that the C-terminal tail domain of a type II keratin, including the homologous subdomain H2, is not required for filament formation. Moreover, reconstitution experiments with K8/tailless and K19, a naturally occurring tailless keratin I, show that the tail domains of type I as well as type II keratins are not an essential requirement for in vitro filament formation. Our results suggest that in vitro filament elongation does not depend on interactions between head and tail domains, although the tail domain might have a role in stabilization of intermediate filaments arising from certain keratin pairs.
Synthesis and characterization of an aza-cage behaving as a ‘proton sponge’. Crystal structures of its mono- and tri-protonated species (1993)

The synthesis and characterization of the new macrobicyclic cage 4,10-dimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[5.5.4]hexadecane L is reported. Its basicity behaviour in aqueous solution has been investigated by potentiometric (25 °C, I= 0.15 mol dm–3) and NMR (1H and 13C) techniques. It behaves as a very strong base (proton sponge) in the first protonation step, and as a moderate base in the second step (log K2= 7.8). 1H–1H and 1H–13C two-dimensional NMR experiments permitted the unequivocal assignment of all 1H proton and 13C resonances of both species HL+ and H2L2+. Furthermore NMR experiments indicate that the first protonation involves the bridgehead nitrogens. Crystals of [HL][ClO4] are orthorhombic, space group P21cn, with a= 9.044(2), b= 12.573(2), c= 16.126(3)Å, and Z= 4; final R value of 0.089 (Rw= 0.086) for 1267 unique observed reflections with I > 3σ(I). X-Ray analysis shows that protonation occurs on the bridgehead nitrogen N(2) and an overall macrocyclic conformation with the all nitrogen atoms in the endoconfiguration. The short H(2)⋯(4)[1.69(1)Å] and N(2)⋯ N(4)[2.75(1)Å] distances indicate a strong hydrogen bond. H(2) further interacts with the other two tertiary nitrogens: H(2)⋯ N(1)[2.53(1)Å] and H(2)⋯ N(3)[2.46(1)Å]. This arrangement makes the monoprotonated species very stable from the thermodynamic point of view and explains the high basicity of L. Crystals of [H3L][ClO4]3 are tetragonal, space group P43212, with a= 8.498(2), b= 8.498(2), c= 32.855(8)Å, and Z= 4; final R value of 0.083 (Rw= 0.093) for 1076 unique observed reflections with I > 3σ(I). The X-ray analysis shows an overall macrocyclic conformation with two nitrogen atoms in the endoconfiguration and two in exo configuration.
Management of Patellofemoral Pain Targeting Hip, Pelvis, and Trunk Muscle Function: 2 Case Reports (2003)

Assessment and treatment of the hip, pelvis, and trunk musculature should be considered in the rehabilitation of patients who present with patellofemoral pain and demonstrate abnormal lower-extremity kinematics.
Project 2010 Project Management: Real World Skills for Certification and Beyond (Exam 70-178) (2010)

The ideal on-the-job reference guide for project managers who use Microsoft Project 2010 This must-have guide to using Microsoft Project 2010 is written from a real project manager's perspective and is packed with information you can use on the job. The book explores using Project 2010 during phases of project management, reveals best practices, and walks you through project flow from planning through tracking to closure. This valuable book follows the processes defined in the PMBOK Guide, Fourth Edition, and also provides exam prep for Microsoft's MCTS: Project 2010 certification. Explains Microsoft Project 2010, the leading software tool for project managers Shows working project managers practical ways to use Project 2010 on the job Delves into project planning, tracking, reporting, and project closure, and explores best practices for all phases of planning Reveals new software features, including tools that show what factors are affecting the schedule, a what-if scenario builder, and how slippages affect other aspects of the project Follows processes and procedures from The Guide to Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), Fourth Edition Covers the skill set required for the MOS: Microsoft Project 2010, Managing Projects certification, so you can use this book for exam prep This valuable book follows the processes defined in the PMBOK Guide, Fourth Edition, and also provides exam prep for Microsoft's MCTS: Project 2010, Managing Projects certification. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.
New Applications of Measurement Redundancy in High Performance Relative Navigation Systems for Aviation (2006)

This paper describes new methods for using measurement redundancy for navigation in two closely related aviation applications: Sea-Based Joint Precision Approach and Landing System (SB-JPALS) and Autonomous Airborne Refueling (AAR). Because of the mobility and physical sensitivity of the reference station (ship or tanker) in each of these applications, higher levels of accuracy, integrity, continuity and availability are required than for similar precision approach applications at land-based airfields. In this paper, two primary sources of redundancy are considered: multiple antenna/receiver configurations for both SB-JPALS and ARR and an additional inter-vehicle ranging measurement for AAR only. Different methods for using these redundant measurements can be designed to enhance navigation accuracy, integrity and continuity. In this paper, we analyze and quantify the tradeoffs for several unique approaches in the implementation of these redundant measurements in the fault free case. In addition, we provide recommendations for the best-suited method for each application.
New Bacterial Pathway for 4- and 5-Chlorosalicylate Degradation via 4-Chlorocatechol and Maleylacetate in <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Strain MT1 (2003)

Pseudomonas sp. strain MT1 is capable of degrading 4- and 5-chlorosalicylates via 4-chlorocatechol, 3-chloromuconate, and maleylacetate by a novel pathway. 3-Chloromuconate is transformed by muconate cycloisomerase of MT1 into protoanemonin, a dominant reaction product, as previously shown for other muconate cycloisomerases. However, kinetic data indicate that the muconate cycloisomerase of MT1 is specialized for 3-chloromuconate conversion and is not able to form cis-dienelactone. Protoanemonin is obviously a dead-end product of the pathway. A trans-dienelactone hydrolase (trans-DLH) was induced during growth on chlorosalicylates. Even though the purified enzyme did not act on either 3-chloromuconate or protoanemonin, the presence of muconate cylcoisomerase and trans-DLH together resulted in considerably lower protoanemonin concentrations but larger amounts of maleylacetate formed from 3-chloromuconate than the presence of muconate cycloisomerase alone resulted in. As trans-DLH also acts on 4-fluoromuconolactone, forming maleylacetate, we suggest that this enzyme acts on 4-chloromuconolactone as an intermediate in the muconate cycloisomerase-catalyzed transformation of 3-chloromuconate, thus preventing protoanemonin formation and favoring maleylacetate formation. The maleylacetate formed in this way is reduced by maleylacetate reductase. Chlorosalicylate degradation in MT1 thus occurs by a new pathway consisting of a patchwork of reactions catalyzed by enzymes from the 3-oxoadipate pathway (catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, muconate cycloisomerase) and the chlorocatechol pathway (maleylacetate reductase) and a trans-DLH.
1H-nuclear magnetic resonance study of the interaction of zinc(II) ion with a histidine-containing peptide, L-histidylglycylglycine. (1985)

A proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) study of the interaction of Zn (II) ion with histidine-containing peptide, L-histidylglycylglycine (his-gly-gly), was carried out. The 1 : 2 complex of Zn (II)-(his-gly-gly) takes different coordination structures depending on the pH. In the region of pH 4.5-6.5, the complex is a tautomer in which the Zn (II) ion is exchanged dynamically among amide carbonyl oxygen, imidazole nitrogen, and amino nitrogens above pH 6.5.
Flow cytometric analysis of rat striatal nerve terminals (1989)

Methods were developed for the analysis and isolation of striatal nerve terminals (synaptosomes) using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Comparison of the light-scattering properties of synaptosomal and mitochondrial fractions indicated that particles in the synaptosomal fraction were generally larger and more sensitive to hypotonic lysis, consistent with results obtained by other methods of analysis. FACS analysis using indirect immunofluorescence techniques indicated that approximately 84% of the synaptosomal fraction was labeled by monoclonal antibody (mAb) A2B5 and thus appeared to be of neuronal origin. After permeabilization, between 5 and 10% of the particles were labeled by a mAb to glial fibrillary acidic protein, suggesting that they were derived from astrocytes. A fluorescent voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) was used to distinguish intact synaptosomes from free mitochondria (only the former maintain a membrane potential under the present experimental conditions). Approximately 83% of the synaptosomal fraction exhibited increased fluorescence after incubation with the VSD; furthermore, the fluorescence signal decreased in response to depolarizing agents (elevated potassium and veratridine). A portion of the mitochondrial fraction responded similarly, consistent with the presence of contaminating synaptosomes. Analysis of synaptosomal labeling by 11 fluorescein-conjugated plant lectins indicated that striatal nerve terminals differ significantly in their cell surface glycoconjugates. Subpopulations of synaptosomes defined on the basis of lectin binding were collected by FACS onto filters and probed with a mAb to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) using Western blot techniques. While subpopulations exhibited different amounts of TH immunoreactivity, none of the lectins appeared to recognize TH-positive (i.e., dopaminergic) synaptosomes exclusively. These findings demonstrate that synaptosomes can be characterized and isolated for further study based on FACS analysis of properties such as size, membrane potential, and the presence of intracellular or cell surface molecules.
Grid middleware for effectively utilizing computing resources: CyberGRIP (2004)

Various research and development activities regarding Grid computing technology have recently been promoted. This technology integrates heterogeneous computing resources that are geographically dispersed and virtualizes them as a single computer system. However, there have been very few reports in the business world about Grid computing becoming successful or practical because most Grid computing research is carried out in government science projects. Fujitsu has developed CyberGRIP, which is a Grid middleware system for applying Grid computing to practical corporate simulations and verifying the effectiveness of Grid computing. This paper clarifies the needs and problems of these corporate simulations and describes how CyberGRIP is solving the problems. This paper also describes in-house verification using the CAD-Grid system.
99mTc-HMPAO SPECT Study of Cerebral Perfusion After Treatment with Medication and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depression (2007)

Hypoperfusion in major depressive disorder largely normalizes after a response to pharmacotherapy. Perfusion changes after a response to electroconvulsive therapy may follow a different course.
Range Extensions and Additional Notes on the Birds of Alaska's Arctic Slope (1966)

Range Extensions and Additional Notes on the Birds of Alaska's Arctic Slope Get access George C. West, George C. West Laboratory of Zoophysiology, University of Alaska, Cotige, Alaska Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clayton M. White Clayton M. White Department of Zoology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. (Publication No. 20 of the Laboratory of Zoophysiology. Supported in part by National Institutes of Health, Grant No. GM-10402.) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 68, Issue 3, 1 May 1966, Pages 302–304, https://doi.org/10.2307/1365567 Published: 01 May 1966
The estimated effect of oral contraceptive use on the cumulative risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. (1994)

These data represent the first published estimates of the effect of OC use on the cumulative incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer by family history and by parity. The demonstrated substantial noncontraceptive benefit from OCs justifies their judicious use as a potentially powerful resource for primary prevention in women at high risk of ovarian cancer.
Case 24-2015 (2015)

A 28-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to the hospital in the summer because of fever, headache, neck stiffness, and fatigue. She had a faint rash on her leg, thrombocytopenia, and elevated aminotransferase levels. A diagnostic test result was received.
High-Speed Buried Tunnel Junction Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (2010)

InP-based, vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) utilizing a buried tunnel junction (BTJ) emitting at 1.55 μm with improved active region and reduced parasitics are demonstrated. A superior modulation bandwidth > 10 GHz is achieved up to 85 °C. The VCSEL device is investigated in detail, analyzing all bandwidth-limiting elements. With their improved temperature range, these VCSELs are especially qualified for uncooled operation in passive optical networks. These lasers show open eyes and error-free transmission up to 25-Gb/s modulation speed at room temperature. Uncooled error-free operation over a wide temperature range under constant bias conditions for ultra-low-cost systems is demonstrated at a 12.5-Gb/s data rate up to 85 °C. Due to a well-tailored mode-gain detuning, the laser characteristics are practically invariant with temperature at fixed bias conditions. Further possible design optimizations targeting at data rates well above 25 Gb/s are discussed.
Oseltamivir-Resistant Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses, United States, 2013–14 (2015)

We report characteristics of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and patients infected with these viruses in the United States. During 2013-14, fifty-nine (1.2%) of 4,968 analyzed US influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses had the H275Y oseltamivir resistance-conferring neuraminidase substitution. Our results emphasize the need for local surveillance for neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility among circulating influenza viruses.