gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new UAV assignment model based on PSO (2008)

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assignment model requires allocating vehicles to targets to perform various tasks. It is a complex assignment problem with hard constraints, and potential dimensional explosion when the scenarios become more complicated and the size of problems increases. In this paper, a new UAV assignment model is proposed which reduces the dimension of the solution space and can be easily adapted by computational intelligence algorithms. In the proposed model a local version of particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to accomplish the optimization work. Numerical experimental results illustrate that it can efficiently achieve the optima and demonstrate the effectiveness of combining the model and a local version of PSO to solve complex UAV assignment problems.
Wurtzite−Chalcopyrite Polytypism in CuInS<sub>2</sub> Nanodisks (2009)

Monodisperse CuInS2 nanodisks were synthesized by heating metal chlorides and thiourea in oleylamine. X-ray diffraction showed the predominant phase to be wurtzite (hexagonal) CuInS2 instead of chalcopyrite (tetragonal) or compositionally disordered sphalerite (cubic). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, however, revealed polytypism in the nanodisks, with the wurtzite phase interfaced with significant chalcopyrite domains.
Modulation of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene expression in osteoblastic cell lines. (1998)

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) belong to the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily and are crucial factors in the process of bone formation. Despite knowledge on their wide distribution and expression, however, there is very little information on the biological factors that affect gene transcription of these osteoinductive agents. To investigate this aspect of BMP gene regulation we have studied the effect of a number of factors known to affect osteogenic cells. Northern analysis showed modulation of the expression of BMP-2 and BMP-4 mRNAs in two human osteosarcoma cell lines, MG63 and Saos-2, by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), retinoic acid and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3. mRNA expressions of the normally used "housekeeping genes", glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and beta-actin, were found to be susceptible to influence by some of the factors used. Hence, an oligo(dT)15-18 probe was used to reliably estimate the relative quantities of mRNA present for normalization of data. In general, all factors down-regulated mRNA expressions of BMP-2 and BMP-4 in MG63 cells. IL-6 completely abolished detectable expression of BMP-2 mRNA, which was also greatly reduced by IL-1beta, retinoic acid and 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3. PGE2 had similar influences on BMP-2 and BMP-4 expressions, showing reductions to approximately 60% of normal. In Saos-2 cells only 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 had any great effect on BMP-2 expression, which was down-regulated to approximately 60% of control values. BMP-4 was down-regulated by IFN-alpha (approximately 60%) and IL-1beta (approximately 20%). We conclude that BMPs are subject to regulation by a variety of factors and that this is dependent on the stage of the cell in the osteogenic lineage. Furthermore, the use of GAPDH and beta-actin genes as "housekeeping genes" in expression-modulation studies must be treated with care.
Browserbite: Cross-Browser Testing via Image Processing (2015)

Cross-browser compatibility testing is concerned with identifying perceptible differences in the way a Web page is rendered across different browsers or configurations thereof. Existing automated cross-browser compatibility testing methods are generally based on Document Object Model (DOM) analysis, or in some cases, a combination of DOM analysis with screenshot capture and image processing. DOM analysis however may miss incompatibilities that arise not during DOM construction, but rather during rendering. Conversely, DOM analysis produces false alarms because different DOMs may lead to identical or sufficiently similar renderings. This paper presents a novel method for cross-browser testing based purely on image processing. The method relies on image segmentation to extract regions from a Web page and computer vision techniques to extract a set of characteristic features from each region. Regions extracted from a screenshot taken on a baseline browser are compared against regions extracted from the browser under test based on characteristic features. A machine learning classifier is used to determine if differences between two matched regions should be classified as an incompatibility. An evaluation involving 140 pages shows that the proposed method achieves an F-score exceeding 0.9, outperforming a state-of-the-art cross-browser testing tool based on DOM analysis.
Synthesis functional poly(carbonate‐<i>b</i>‐ester) copolymers and micellar characterizations (2007)

Abstract Functional poly(carbonate‐ b ‐ester)s were synthesized in buck by ring‐opening polymerization of the carbonate (TMC, MBC, or BMC) with tert ‐butyl N ‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) carbamate as an initiator, and then with ε‐CL (or ε‐BCL) comonomer. Subsequently, the PMMC‐ b ‐PCL with pendent carboxyl groups and the PTMC‐ b ‐PHCL with pendent hydroxyl groups were obtained by catalytic debenzylation. DSC analysis indicated that only one T g at an intermediate temperature the T g s of the two polymer blocks. A decrease T g was observed when an increase contents of ε‐CL incorporated into the copolymers. In contrast, two increased T m s were observed with increasing PCL content. The block copolymers formed micelle in aqueous phase with critical micelle concentrations (cmcs) in the range of 2.23–14.6 mg/L and with the mean hydrodynamic diameters in the range of 100–280 nm, depending on the composition of copolymers. The drug entrapment efficiency and hydrolytic degradation behavior of micelle were also evaluated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007
Fibrinogenolytic and fibrinolytic activity in oral microorganisms (1983)

Samples were taken from blood accumulated in dental alveoli after surgical removal of mandibular third molars, from subgingival plaque of teeth with advanced periodontal destructions, from teeth with infected necrotic pulps, and from subjects suffering from angular cheilitis. Of the microorganisms subcultured from these samples, 116 strains were assayed for enzymes degrading fibrinogen and fibrin. Enzymes degrading fibrinogen were assayed with the thin-layer enzyme assay cultivation technique. This assay involves the cultivation of microorganisms on culture agars applied over fibrinogen-coated polystyrene surfaces. Enzymes degrading fibrin were assayed with both a plate assay and a tube assay, in which fibrin was mixed with a microbial culture medium. Microorganisms degrading fibrinogen or fibrin or both were isolated from all sampling sites. Activity was mainly detected in strains of Actinomyces, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Peptococcus, Propionibacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus. Most Fusobacterium strains degraded fibrinogen only. Enzymes degrading fibrinogen as well as enzymes degrading fibrin via activation of plasminogen were revealed in strains of Clostridium, S. aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. It was generally found that fibrinogen was degraded by more strains than was fibrin, which indicates that different proteases may be involved.
Choice of parameters in the hybrid permanent-magnet synchronous motor (1979)

Hybrid permanent-magnet reluctance motors have to be designed with many performance parameters in mind. The configuration is not a simple one, and some parts of the magnetic circuit operate in the nonlinear regime. The effect of the choice of design dimensions is considered, and the effect on pull-out torque computed as some of the important paramenters are varied. It is seen that some design parameters have a major effect on performance, although others are much less critical.
Robust FM data transmission in multipath propagation environments (2003)

In a digital FM transmitter-receiver system for data communications, demodulation can be carried out by a simple and cheap non-coherent demodulator scheme consisting of a hard-limiter block plus an FM demodulator (discriminator, FD), which is simple and insensitive to modulation index changes. Its application field includes partial response continuous phase modulation (PR-CPM) schemes such as Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) or its 0.5 modulation index version known as Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK). This modulation has gained interest in recent years because of its attractive spectral properties. GSM and DECT employ it. In this paper, a novel and effective post-processing method based on the particular distribution of the noise at the output of the FD and the behaviour of the instantaneous amplitude of the signal and its application to GMSK is presented.
Water quality and management of private drinking water wells in Pennsylvania. (2013)

Pennsylvania has over three million rural residents using private water wells for drinking water supplies but is one of the few states that lack statewide water well construction or management standards. The study described in this article aimed to determine the prevalence and causes of common health-based pollutants in water wells and evaluate the need for regulatory management along with voluntary educational programs. Water samples were collected throughout Pennsylvania by Master Well Owner Network volunteers trained by Penn State Extension. Approximately 40% of the 701 water wells sampled failed at least one health-based drinking water standard. The prevalence of most water quality problems was similar to past studies although both lead and nitrate-N were reduced over the last 20 years. The authors' study suggests that statewide water well construction standards along with routine water testing and educational programs to assist water well owners would result in improved drinking water quality for private well owners in Pennsylvania.
Structural and Functional Analysis of the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Binding Motif in the Somatomedin B Domain of Vitronectin (1996)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) binds to the somatomedin B (SMB) domain of vitronectin (VN), a domain present in at least seven other proteins. In this study, we investigate the PAI-1 binding activity of these SMB homologs and attempt to more specifically localize the PAI-1 binding site within this domain. SMBVN and several of its homologs were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and tested for PAI-1 binding activity in a competitive ligand binding assay. Although recombinant SMBVN was fully active in this assay, none of the homologs bound to PAI-1 or competed with VN for PAI-1 binding. These inactive homologs are structurally related to SMBVN, having 33-45% sequence identity and containing all 8 cysteines at conserved positions. Thus, homolog-scanning experiments were conducted by exchanging progressively larger portions of the NH2- or COOH-terminal regions of active SMBVN with the corresponding regions of the inactive homologs. These experiments revealed that the minimum PAI-1-binding sequence was present in the central region (residues 12-30) of SMBVN. Alanine scanning mutagenesis further demonstrated that each of the 8 cysteines as well as Gly12, Asp22, Leu24, Try27, Tyr28, and Asp34 were critical for PAI-1 binding and were required to stabilize PAI-1 activity. These results indicate that the PAI-1 binding motif is localized to residues 12-30 of SMBVN and suggest that this motif is anchored in the active conformation by disulfide bonds.
FARA-a framework for adaptive resource allocation in complex real-time systems (2002)

The paper introduces FARA, a framework that provides abstractions and mechanisms for building integrated adaptation and resource allocation services in complex real time systems. FARA's design addresses: (1) the specification of the adaptation capabilities of general domain applications with multiple adaptive components; and (2) the control of the adaptation impact on the satisfiability of an application's timing constraints during its transition to targeted steady state. We propose to use of a hierarchical adaptation model, to control the adaptation enactment overhead based on the costs of executing the application specific adaptation procedures, and to reduce the decision overhead by use of effective solutions for mechanisms frequently invoked during the decision process, such as the decision context management and the allocation decision evaluation.
C–H activation enables a rapid structure–activity relationship study of arylcyclopropyl amines for potent and selective LSD1 inhibitors (2016)

We describe the structure-activity relationship of various arylcyclopropylamines (ACPAs), which are potent LSD1 inhibitors. More than 45 ACPAs were synthesized rapidly by an unconventional method that we have recently developed, consisting of a C-H borylation and cross-coupling sequence starting from cyclopropylamine. We also generated NCD38 derivatives, which are known as LSD1 selective inhibitors, and discovered a more effective inhibitor compared to the original NCD38.
Chemistry of the "NONOates" (1994)

Electrophilic attack by nitric oxide (NO) on certain nucleophiles (X-) produces isolable adducts of structure X-[N(O)NO]- that have proven useful for the controlled biological delivery of NO, a newly-discovered bioregulatory agent. In this paper, selected contributions from the previous literature describing compounds containing the [N(O)NO]- functional group are reviewed. Methods of synthesis are summarized, as are aspects of the compounds' physical properties and chemical reactivities. The results thus far suggest that such compounds should be useful probes for studies of NO's many bioeffector roles and may also provide a basis for drug design strategies.
Biorational management tactics to select against triazine‐resistant <i>Amaranthus hybridus</i>: a field trial (1999)

1. The individual and joint effectiveness of two biorational tactics (crop interference and exploitation of negative cross‐resistance to certain herbicides) in the management of triazine‐resistant Amaranthus hybridus L. (smooth pigweed) were estimated. Biorational tactics exploit biological idiosyncracies of resistant (R) genotypes to maximize fitness cost(s) of resistance. We quantified selection against triazine resistance by relative performance comparisons between lines having comparable nuclear genomes but either resistant or susceptible cytoplasm. Increasing soybean density by reducing row spacing (from 76 cm to 25 cm) did not significantly increase the fitness cost of resistance. 2. Low doses of bentazon (100 and 300 g active ingredient ha –1 ) did strongly increase the cost of resistance. Over 2 years, the mean relative performance of R genotypes in bentazon treatments was 0·40, compared to 0·60 in the absence of bentazon. Therefore, use of bentazon in soybean production has the potential to delay evolution of triazine resistance in maize–soybean rotations using triazines. 3. There was no consistent indication that increased soybean density and bentazon herbicide could act synergistically to increase costs of triazine resistance in Amaranthus hybridus . Nor were differences in response to biorational tactics evident between the two populations of origin (Maryland and Virginia, USA) from which experimental lines were derived. 4. Effects of the biorational tactics differed markedly between years, highlighting that resistance management depending primarily on these tactics would have widely variable results. Use of such tactics is likely to be most effective in the context of diversified weed management.
Backcalculating the Incidence of Infection with COVID-19 on the Diamond Princess (2020)

To understand the time-dependent risk of infection on a cruise ship, the Diamond Princess, I estimated the incidence of infection with novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The epidemic curve of a total of 199 confirmed cases was drawn, classifying individuals into passengers with and without close contact and crew members. A backcalculation method was employed to estimate the incidence of infection. The peak time of infection was seen for the time period from 2 to 4 February 2020, and the incidence has abruptly declined afterwards. The estimated number of new infections among passengers without close contact was very small from 5 February on which a movement restriction policy was imposed. Without the intervention from 5 February, it was predicted that the cumulative incidence with and without close contact would have been as large as 1373 (95% CI: 570, 2176) and 766 (95% CI: 587, 946) cases, respectively, while these were kept to be 102 and 47 cases, respectively. Based on an analysis of illness onset data on board, the risk of infection among passengers without close contact was considered to be very limited. Movement restriction greatly reduced the number of infections from 5 February onwards.
A 2-10 GHz GaAs MMIC opto-electronic phase detector for optical microwave signal generators (2002)

Optical transmission of microwave signals becomes increasingly important. Techniques using beat between optical carriers of semiconductor lasers are promising if efficient optical phase locked loops are realized. A highly efficient GaAs MMIC optoelectronic phase detector for a 2-10 GHz OPLL is reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Preliminary Classification of the nigriventris-complex of the Genus Leucophenga Mik, Having Sexually Dimorphic Palpi (Diptera, Drosophilidae). (1970)

Uploaded by Plazi for TaxoDros. We do not have abstracts.
Observing facial expressions and gaze positions for personalized webpage recommendation (2010)

We propose a new method for personalized webpage recommendation. The method is capable of inferring a user's personal reading interest distribution according to implicit user feedbacks coming from the user's past online reading activities. With the inferred user reading interest distribution, we can recommend webpages in a search result set to a user in a personalized way. Our method is featured by its novel approach to observe the facial expressions and gaze positions of a user during the user's online reading activities as two types of implicit user feedbacks for estimating the user's reading interest distribution. To capture these implicit user feedbacks, we use an ordinary web camera and a customized web browser in the setup. The setup allows us to measure the distribution of the reading time a user spends in his or her reading activities over materials of different contents. With all the captured information, our method then estimates a user's reading interest distribution by finding correlations between the implicit feedbacks of a user with the contents of the read materials. Given the estimated user reading interest distribution, our algorithm can further predict the user's potential reading interest in any new webpage. Consequently, our algorithm can produce a personalized webpage recommendation for all the result webpages in an online search session. We compared the performance of our method with that of several mainstream commercial search engines as well as a recent personalized webpage ranking algorithm. The comparison results clearly show the superiority of our new method for personalized webpage recommendation.
Radio Frequency Identification (2008)

Radio frequency identification (RFID) allows for objects to be identified electronically through the use of radio waves. RFID can be applied to table games in casinos by allowing gaming operators to gain the same levels of customer and game-play data in table game operations as they presently have in the slot area. Using chips imprinted with RFID, gaming companies can monitor game play, prevent instances of chip counterfeiting and theft, and (by identifying addicted gamblers) promote responsible gaming. Beyond casino chips, casinos will eventually be able to install RFID on playing cards, again to give casinos a better picture of their customers, but also to reduce opportunities for cheating.
Biochemical and functional responses stimulated by platelet-activating factor in murine peritoneal macrophages [published erratum appears in J Cell Biol 1988 Sep;107(3):following 1260] (1988)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent stimulant of leukocytes, including macrophages. To analyze the mechanisms of its effects upon macrophages, we determined whether macrophages bear specific surface receptors for PAF. By competitive radioactive binding assays, we determined two classes of specific receptors to be present on purified membranes derived from murine peritoneal macrophages (one having a Kd of approximately 1 X 10(-10) M and one a Kd of approximately 2 X 10(-9) M). When the macrophages were incubated with PAF, rapid formation of several inositol phosphates including inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate were observed. PAF also elevated intracellular levels of calcium to 290 +/- 27% of basal levels which were 82.7 +/- 12 nM. Increases in calcium were observed first in submembranous areas of the macrophages. PAF also led to increases of 1,2-diacylglycerol of approximately 200 pmol/10(7) cells. A characteristic pattern of enhanced protein phosphorylation, similar to that initiated by both phorbol 12,13-myristate and lipopolysaccharide, was observed and involved enhanced phosphorylation of proteins of 28, 33, 67, and 103 kD. The half-maximal dose of PAF for initiating all the above effects was approximately 5 X 10(-9) M. PAF also initiated significant chemotaxis of the cells; the half-maximal dose for this effect was approximately 1 X 10(-11) M. Taken together, these observations suggest that murine mononuclear phagocytes bear specific membrane receptors for PAF and that addition of PAF leads to generation of break-down products of polyphosphoinositides, subsequent changes in intracellular calcium and protein phosphorylation, and chemotaxis.