gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DNA-Responsive Hydrogels That Can Shrink or Swell (2005)

Molecule-responsive hydrogels are reputed to be smart materials because of their unique properties. We recently reported that hydrogels containing directly grafted single-stranded (ss) DNA or ssDNA-polyacrylamide conjugate in a semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) manner that "only shrunk" by the addition of ssDNA samples. To date, however, no DNA-responsive hydrogels have been reported capable of "swelling" in response to specific DNAs. Smart materials capable of both shrinking and swelling in response to specific DNAs would be very useful in biochemical and biomedical applications. Here, we show a novel "shrinking or swelling" DNA-responsive mechanism. Novel hybrid hydrogels containing rationally designed ssDNA as the cross-linker were capable of shrinking or swelling in response to ssDNA samples and recognizing a single base difference in the samples. On the basis of the results presented in this paper, it is envisioned that these novel hybrid hydrogels could function and have potential in applications such as DNA-sensing devices and DNA-triggered actuators.
Reduced Injection Needle Mobility Caused by Lacquer Deposits from Sunflower Oil (1988)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The effect of temperature on the rate of lacquer deposit formation from neat sunflower oil on the needles of fuel injection nozzles was investigated. Boson fuel injection nozzles were tested on a fuel injection calibration stand. A pneumatic leak test was developed to monitor the needle clearance reduction due to deposit buildup.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">For fuels with physical and chemical properties similar to those of neat sunflower oil, excessive residue on the internal surfaces of the injection nozzles is likely to occur with the ultimate result of complete needle immobility. The rate of the lacquer buildup on the needle increases with temperature. Prior to final needle sticking, delay in start of injection, sluggish needle lift, increases in duration of injection, maximum, final residual, and maximum residual line pressures, and decrease in maximum needle lift can be observed.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Based on the obtained results, the temperature of injection nozzles handling plant oil fuels should be kept as low as possible. The heating of plant oil fuels to reduce their viscosity should be restricted to the necessary minimum.</div>
Maintenance and prototyping at the entity-relationship level: a knowledge-based support (2002)

The authors explore the maintenance applications of a knowledge-based tool which has been designed to support the high-level phases of ER (entity-relationship) data modeling in the development of new systems. The ER conceptual schema and the logical relational schema are represented in a knowledge base; the tool provides prototyping features by means of an active representation of those schema which can be exercised with real test data. Changes at the ER level are supported by means of interactive manipulation primitives, rules are added to offer advice on and control of the semantic consequences of changes, and aids to ensure referential integrity constraints in relational databases are included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Structures of Four Waxy Rice Starches in Relation to Thermal, Pasting, and Textural Properties (2002)

ABSTRACT Waxy rice starches from three japonica cultivars (Taichung Waxy 1 [TCW1], Taichung Waxy 70 [TCW70], Tachimemochi) and one indica cultivar (Tainung Sen Waxy 2 [TNSW2]) were characterized for chemical and physicochemical properties. The amylopectin structures were different for the four waxy rice starches in terms of degree of polymerization (DP), average chain length (CL), exterior chain lengths (ECL), and distribution of chains, indicating the existence of varietal differences. The order of swelling power was TCW1 > TCW70 > TNSW2 > Tachimemochi; the order of water solubility index was TCW70 > TNSW2 > Tachimemochi > TCW1. The low water solubility index of TCW1 might be ascribed to a high DP. All starches shared similar gelatinization temperatures and enthalpies but showed distinct retrogradation patterns. TNSW2 showed the highest retrogradation rate, followed by TCW2, Tachimemochi, and TCW70. TCW70 exhibited the highest overall pasting viscosity, followed by TNSW2, TCW1, and Tachimemochi. The hardness of waxy rice starch pastes from a Brabender amyloviscograph increased rapidly after storage at 5°C for one day and remained the same or slightly increased after seven days of storage, whereas the opposite trend was observed for adhesiveness. The lower degree of retrogradation of TCW70 was probably a result of a larger amount of A chain and a shorter ECL. The changes in hardness correlated with the amount of A and B1 chains. The texture attributes of waxy rice starch pastes were significantly affected by amylopectin retrogradation during storage.
Improve the Properties of p‐i‐n <i>α</i>‐Si:H Thin‐Film Solar Cells Using the Diluted Hydrochloric Acid‐Etched GZO Thin Films (2013)

Gallium‐doped zinc oxide (GZO) thin films were deposited on glass, and the process parameters are RF power of 50 W and working pressure of 5 mTorr, and the substrate temperature was changed from room temperature to 300°C. At first, the thickness was around 300 nm by controlling the deposition time. The effects of substrate temperature on the crystallinity, lattice constant ( c ), carrier mobility, carrier concentration, resistivity, and optical transmission rate of the GZO thin films were studied. The 200°C‐deposited GZO thin films had the best crystallinity, the larger carrier concentration and carrier mobility, and the lowest resistivity. For that, the thickness of the GZO thin films was extended to around 1000 nm. Hydrochloric (HCl) acid solutions with different concentrations (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.5%) were used to etch the surfaces of the GZO thin films, which were then used as the substrate electrodes to fabricate the p‐i‐n α ‐Si:H thin‐film solar cells. The haze ratio of the GZO thin films increased with increasing HCl concentration, and that would effectively enhance light trapping inside the absorber material of solar cells and then improve the efficiency of the fabricated thin‐film solar cells.
Scanned-display computer graphics (1971)

A television-like scanned-display system has been successfully implemented on a Honeywell DDP-224 computer installation. The scanned image is stored in the core memory of the computer, and software scan conversion is used to convert the rectangular coordinates of a point to the appropriate word and bit in an output display array in core storage. Results thus far indicate that flicker-free displays of large amounts of data are possible with reasonably fast graphical interaction. A scanned image of size 240 X 254 points is displayed at a 30 frame-per-second rate.
Mining generalized query patterns from web logs (2005)

User logs of a popular search engine keep track of user activities including user queries, user click-through from the returned list, and user browsing behaviors. Knowledge about user queries discovered from user logs can improve the performance of the search engine. We propose a data-mining approach that produces generalized query patterns or templates from the raw user logs of a popular commercial knowledge-based search engine that is currently in use. Our simulation shows that such templates can improve search engine's speed and precision, and can cover queries not asked previously. The templates are also comprehensible so web editors can easily discover topics in which most users are interested.
α-Synuclein and Anti-α-Synuclein Antibodies in Parkinson’s Disease, Atypical Parkinson Syndromes, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder, and Healthy Controls (2012)

α-synuclein is thought to play a key role in Parkinson's disease (PD) because it is the major protein in Lewy bodies, and because its gene mutations, duplication, and triplication are associated with early-onset PD. There are conflicting reports as to whether serum and plasma concentrations of α-synuclein and anti-α-synuclein antibodies differ between PD and control subjects. The objectives of this study were to compare the levels of α-synuclein and its antibodies between individuals with typical PD (n=14), atypical Parkinson syndromes (n=11), idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (n=10), and healthy controls (n=9), to assess the strength of association between these serum proteins, and to determine group sizes needed for a high probability (80% power) of detecting statistical significance for 25% or 50% differences between typical PD and control subjects for these measurements. Analysis of log-transformed data found no statistically significant differences between groups for either α-synuclein or its antibodies. The concentrations of these proteins were weakly correlated (Spearman rho=0.16). In subjects with typical PD and atypical Parkinson syndromes, anti-α-synuclein antibody levels above 1.5 µg/ml were detected only in subjects with no more than four years of clinical disease. Power analysis indicated that 236 and 73 samples per group would be required for an 80% probability that 25% and 50% differences, respectively, in mean α-synuclein levels between typical PD and control subjects would be statistically significant; for anti-α-synuclein antibodies, 283 and 87 samples per group would be required. Our findings are consistent with those previous studies which suggested that serum concentrations of α-synuclein and its antibodies are not significantly altered in PD.
Neural network controller using autotuning method for nonlinear functions (1992)

An autotuning method for the optimum sigmoid function of neural networks is proposed. It is based on the steepest descent method. Simulated results using a learning-type direct controller confirm both the practicality and the characteristics of the autotuning method.
Complex coacervate‐based materials for biomedicine (2016)

There has been increasing interest in complex coacervates for deriving and transporting biomaterials. Complex coacervates are a dense, polyelectrolyte-rich liquid that results from the electrostatic complexation of oppositely charged macroions. Coacervates have long been used as a strategy for encapsulation, particularly in food and personal care products. More recent efforts have focused on the utility of this class of materials for the encapsulation of small molecules, proteins, RNA, DNA, and other biomaterials for applications ranging from sensing to biomedicine. Furthermore, coacervate-related materials have found utility in other areas of biomedicine, including cartilage mimics, tissue culture scaffolds, and adhesives for wet, biological environments. Here, we discuss the self-assembly of complex coacervate-based materials, current challenges in the intelligent design of these materials, and their utility applications in the broad field of biomedicine. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1442. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1442 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Drug and Vaccine Development for the Treatment and Prevention of Urinary Tract Infections (2016)

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common bacterial infections in humans, affecting millions of people every year. UTI cause significant morbidity in women throughout their lifespan, in infant boys, in older men, in individuals with underlying urinary tract abnormalities, and in those that require long-term urethral catheterization, such as patients with spinal cord injuries or incapacitated individuals living in nursing homes. Serious sequelae include frequent recurrences, pyelonephritis with sepsis, renal damage in young children, pre-term birth, and complications of frequent antimicrobial use including high-level antibiotic resistance and Clostridium difficile colitis. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) cause the vast majority of UTI, but less common pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis and other enterococci frequently take advantage of an abnormal or catheterized urinary tract to cause opportunistic infections. While antibiotic therapy has historically been very successful in controlling UTI, the high rate of recurrence remains a major problem, and many individuals suffer from chronically recurring UTI, requiring long-term prophylactic antibiotic regimens to prevent recurrent UTI. Furthermore, the global emergence of multi-drug resistant UPEC in the past ten years spotlights the need for alternative therapeutic and preventative strategies to combat UTI, including anti-infective drug therapies and vaccines. In this chapter, we review recent advances in the field of UTI pathogenesis, with an emphasis on the identification of promising drug and vaccine targets. We then discuss the development of new UTI drugs and vaccines, highlighting the challenges these approaches face and the need for a greater understanding of urinary tract mucosal immunity.
798. Steroids. Part XLIII. Comparison of the 16-bromo-17-ketones and 16-bromo-17-alcohols in the 3-unsubstituted and 3β-oxygenated 5α-androstone series (1959)

J. Fajkoš, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 3966 DOI: 10.1039/JR9590003966
Using Data From Court Cases and Employee Surveys to Design Sexual Harassment Policies (1994)

Study afier study shows that sexual harassment is a problem that threatens to undermine many of thei nroads made by working womenin the last three decades.Small business managers who fail to adopt policies to prevent harassment risk losing valuable employees, the goodwill of the public, and expensive lawsuits.Data from leading federal couri cases and two land- mark federal employee surveys can be used ioformulate policies rhat pre vera sexual harassment from occurring.
A low-power SRAM using improved charge transfer sense amplifiers and a dual-Vth CMOS circuit scheme (2002)

In this paper we propose an improved version of the charge transfer sense amplifier (CT sense amp) which completely compensates the threshold voltage (Vth) difference of MOSFETs. We also present a dual-Vth CMOS circuit scheme that enables high speed operation and low leakage power consumption at low supply voltage. A low-power, low-voltage 2 k/spl times/16 b SRAM macro was designed and fabricated using a 0.25 /spl mu/m process. It showed stable operation with an access time of 7.0 ns and power consumption of 3.9 mW at 1.0 V (boost 1.5 V), 100 MHz, 85/spl deg/C.
Monoclonal antibodies and thromboembolism (1989)

For many years intensive efforts to reliably image thrombi by radionuclide techniques have been unrewarding. Recently, however, monoclonal antibodies to platelet cell-surface antigens and to fibrin polymer have emerged as potent thrombus imaging agents in experimental animals. In Britain antiplatelet antibody has been successful in clinical trials, as has antifibrin in the United States. It is to be hoped that radiolabeled antibody technology will evolve to the point where it can detect thrombi anywhere, including the lungs and brain. The relative efficacy of radionuclide thrombus detection and Doppler ultrasonography is currently undefined.
Battle of the Retail Channels: How Product Selection and Geography Drive Cross-Channel Competition (2009)

A key question for Internet commerce is the nature of competition with traditional brick-and-mortar retailers. Although traditional retailers vastly outsell Internet retailers in most product categories, research on Internet retailing has largely neglected this fundamental dimension of competition. Is cross-channel competition significant, and if so, how and where can Internet retailers win this battle? This paper attempts to answer these questions using a unique combination of data sets. We collect data on local market structures for traditional retailers, and then match these data to a data set on consumer demand via two direct channels: Internet and catalog. Our analyses show that Internet retailers face significant competition from brick-and-mortar retailers when selling mainstream products, but are virtually immune from competition when selling niche products. Furthermore, because the Internet channel sells proportionately more niche products than the catalog channel, the competition between the Internet channel and local stores is less intense than the competition between the catalog channel and local stores. The methods we introduce can be used to analyze cross-channel competition in other product categories, and suggest that managers need to take into account the types of products they sell when assessing competitive strategies.
Preparation, Culture, and Immortalization of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (2005)

Genetically manipulated transgenic and gene-targeted mouse models are indispensible tools used in defining the role of genes in development and organ function. Similarly, cells isolated from these mice bear the same genetic alterations and therefore can be extremely useful for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms and regulatory gene networks involving the mutated gene under well defined culture conditions. In this unit, detailed protocols regarding isolation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from mouse embryos, culture of MEFs, and immortalization of MEFs are described. These protocols should be particularly useful to those investigators who intend to establish primarily cultured MEFs and to immortalize primary MEFs into stable cell cultures with a permanent growth feature from wild-type and mutant mouse embryos.
Isopentenyl-diphosphate isomerase: irreversible inhibition by 3-methyl-3,4-epoxybutyl diphosphate (1992)

Isopentenyl-diphosphate:dimethylallyl-diphosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.3.2) catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) to its allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Incubation of yeast IPP isomerase with 3-methyl-3,4-epoxybutyl diphosphate (EIPP) resulted in a time-dependent first-order loss of activity characteristic of an active-site-directed irreversible process, where k2 = 0.63 +/- 0.10 min-1 and KI = 0.37 +/- 0.11 microM. A 1:1 covalent E-I complex was formed upon incubation with [1-14C]EIPP. The inhibited enzyme was treated with trypsin to give two radioactive fragments, which were purified by reversed-phase HPLC on a C18 column. The modified amino acid in each fragment was identified as C139 by sequencing the radiolabeled peptides. Incubation of IPP isomerase with [2,4,5-13C3]EIPP gave a 13C-labeled E-I complex. A 1H-13C heteronuclear multiquantum correlation spectrum had strong cross-peaks at 1.2/28 and 2.9/48 ppm, which we assigned to the labeled methyl group and C(4) methylene, respectively, of the inhibitor. In addition, a weak signal at 2.17/42 ppm may be from the C(2) methylene. Comparison of these chemical shifts with those of a synthetic adduct isolated from treatment of EIPP with cysteine indicates C139 attacks C(4) of EIPP to generate a thioether linkage between the enzyme and the inhibitor.
Introduction to Local Interconnect Network (2000)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In June 1999, five major European car-manufacturers, one semiconductor supplier, and one tool vendor agreed on a specification for a class A multiplex protocol called LIN (Local Interconnect Network). This protocol has the following major features: <ul class="list disc"> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Single Master / Multiple Slave Concept</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Low cost silicon implementation based on common UART/SCI interface hardware</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Self synchronization without crystal or ceramics resonator in the slave nodes</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Guaranteed latency times for signal transmission</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Low cost single-wire implementation (enhanced ISO 9141)</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Speed up to 20Kbit/s (limited by EMI)</div></li> </ul> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">This protocol offers for the first time the common base for class A multiplexing, supported by major car companies and being implemented by a large number of suppliers.</div>
Spectrophotometric Determination of Glycine in Glycine Potassium Trioxalatochromium(III). (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSpectrophotometric Determination of Glycine in Glycine Potassium Trioxalatochromium(III).H. C. Perrin and G. H. SpauldingCite this: Anal. Chem. 1962, 34, 2, 196–197Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60182a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60182a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel radar techniques and applications (2017)

Novel Radar Techniques and Applications presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts. This volume covers: Waveform diversity and cognitive radar and Target tracking and data fusion.
Development of an Intelligent Polymerized Crystalline Colloidal Array Colorimetric Reagent (2001)

We have developed a novel colorimetric reagent for the determination of Pb2+, pH, and temperature. This colorimetric reagent consists of a dispersion of approximately 100-microm particles composed of an intelligent polymerized crystalline colloidal array (IPCCA). The IPCCA particles are composed of a hydrogel polymerized around a face-centered cubic (fcc) array of monodisperse, highly charged polystyrene colloidal particles. These IPCCA particles diffract visible light because the (111) planes of the fcc polystyrene colloidal particle array have an approximately 200-nm lattice constant. The IPCCA particles also contain a molecular recognition agent that actuates array volume changes as a result of changes in analyte concentration or temperature. This results in changes in the IPCCA lattice constants, which shifts the wavelength of light diffracted. We report here the use of these sensing materials in a liquid dispersion that can be poured into a sample solution. This diffraction measurement method is analogous to X-ray powder diffraction measurements. The diffraction wavelength is monitored at a defined angle relative to the incident light.