gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Learning, Thinking, and Activity (2000)

We continue the discussion of cognitive and situative perspectives by identifying several important points on which we judge the perspectives to be in agreement: (a) Individual and social perspectives on activity are both fundamentally important in education; (b) Learning can be general, and abstractions can be efficacious, but they sometimes aren’t; (c) Situative and cognitive approaches can cast light on different aspects of the educational process, and both should be pursued vigorously; (d) Educational innovations should be informed by the available scientific knowledge base and should be evaluated and analyzed with rigorous research methods.
Research on polymorphism of cpDNA in wheat albescent line (1998)

The leaves turning albescent in the albscent line of wheat (AL) were caused by cytoplasm heredity, and induced by low temperature. The polymorphism of cpDNA of wheat albescent line and its parent Aibian No. 1 (AN) was studied with RFLP. The results showed the EcoR I, Bamh I, Sal I and Pst I restriction mapping of cpDNA of the AL and AN were similar, but with the HindIII restriction mapping being distinctly different in 19 kb.
Tight-Binding Description of the Coupled Defect Modes in Three-Dimensional Photonic Crystals (2000)

We have experimentally observed the eigenmode splitting due to coupling of the evanescent defect modes in three-dimensional photonic crystals. The splitting was well explained with a theory based on the classical wave analog of the tight-binding (TB) formalism in solid state physics. The experimental results were used to extract the TB parameters. A new type of waveguiding in a photonic crystal was demonstrated experimentally. A complete transmission was achieved throughout the entire waveguiding band. We have also obtained the dispersion relation for the waveguiding band of the coupled periodic defects from the transmission-phase measurements and from the TB calculations.
Tracking of cell population from time lapse and end point confocal microscopy images with multiple hypothesis Kalman smoothing filters (2010)

This paper describes an automated visual tracking system combining time-lapse and end-point confocal microscopy to aid the interpretations of cell behaviors and interactions, with the focus on understanding the sprouting mechanism during angiogenesis. These multiple cells exhibit stochastic motion and are subjected to photo-bleaching and the images acquired are of low signal to noise ratio. Hence, following time-lapse imaging, high resolution end-point images are acquired. Our approach applies a probabilistic motion filter (a backward Kalman filtering followed by track smoothing) which incorporates end-point and all available time-lapse information in a mathematically consistent manner to obtain trajectory and phenotype information of multiple individual cells simultaneously. An extension of this algorithm, track smoothing with a Multiple Hypothesis Testing (MHT) data association, is proposed to improve association of multiple close contact and proliferating cells across images acquired from different time points to existing track trajectories. Our methodology was applied to tracking endothelial cell sprouting in three-dimensional micro-fluidic devices.
Insights on the synthesis and organisational phenomena of twisted pyrazine–pyridine hybrids (2002)

Pyrazine–pyridine hybrids containing two different oligopyridyl chains, 2,3-disubstituted onto the pyrazine ring nucleus are prepared from appropriate mixed α-diketone precursors. The latter were obtained by epoxidation of the enols of corresponding 1,2-disubstituted ethanones. The structures of the pyrazine derivatives were investigated by detailed proton NMR spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods. These indicated a twisting of the oligopyridyl chains about one another to result in a pre-double helical topology. This phenomenon occurred up to two pyridin-2,6-diyl groupings from the pyrazine ring and is accompanied by edge-on-face stacking of spatially proximate pyridyl rings. Parallel stacking of pyrazine and weak C–H⋯N acid interactions are significant in their crystal lattices and may also figure in their metallosupramolecular self-assembly behaviour patterns.
Transgenic Animal Models for Alzheimer's Disease<sup>a</sup> (1993)

The neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the deposition of abnormal protein aggregates. The main constituent of the deposition is beta-amyloid protein. A seminal role of this protein is supported by the discovery of point mutations in the gene of its precursor protein in certain forms of familial Alzheimer's disease. In vitro (cultured neuronal cells), overexpression of the precursor protein or a part of the precursor leads to degeneration of neurons, suggesting neurotoxicity of its derivatives. At this time, all of the reported transgenic mice bearing DNA construct for the precursor or a part of the precursor, however, have not developed convincing pathological changes similar to what is observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This interesting discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo suggests suppressors in vivo which ameliorate beta-amyloid precursor protein derivative-mediated neurotoxicity.
Structure of<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>Lipopolysaccharides Determines Antiganglioside Specificity and Clinical Features of Guillain-Barre and Miller Fisher Patients (2002)

Ganglioside mimicry in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) fraction of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) patients was compared with isolates from patients with an uncomplicated enteritis. The antibody response to C. jejuni LPS and gangliosides in neuropathy patients and controls was compared as well. LPS from GBS and MFS-associated isolates more frequently contained ganglioside-like epitopes compared to control isolates. Almost all neuropathy patients showed a strong antibody response against LPS and multiple gangliosides in contrast to enteritis patients. Isolates from GBS patients more frequently had a GM1-like epitope than isolates from MFS patients. GQ1b-like epitopes were present in all MFS-associated isolates and was associated with anti-GQ1b antibody reactivity and the presence of oculomotor symptoms. These results demonstrate that the expression of ganglioside mimics is a risk factor for the development of post-Campylobacter neuropathy. This study provides additional evidence for the hypothesis that the LPS fraction determines the antiganglioside specificity and clinical features in post-Campylobacter neuropathy patients.
The Survival Value of Flocking in Birds: A Simulation Model (1974)

Questions regarding the survival value of flocking in birds have been discussed extensively in the literature in recent years (e.g. Crook,& Goss-Custard 1972; Pulliam 1973; Lazarus 1972; Murton 1971). Various authors have proposed that flocking enables individuals to increase the effectiveness with which they exploit patchily distributed food. To examine this proposition, we have drawn upon existing studies to construct a simulation model of flocking behaviour in birds. The value of a simulation model is that it helps to organize and provide a conceptual framework for data which have already been collected; it provides some guesses as to how the real system works, and may point to crucial gaps in our present knowledge. If the model is successful in describing the real system, it can be used to play 'what if' games; that is to carry out experiments using the model instead of the real world. In the first part of the paper we present the model, in which we have incorporated data and ideas from the literature on flocking -and feeding behaviour -of birds. -The extent to which the model 'behaves' like a real flock should in theory tell us how well our understanding of particular behavioural mechanisms -can explain the phenomenon of flocking. In the second part of the paper we describe some experiments using the model to investigat.e the effects of -food availability and dispersion on flocking behaviour, and how an individual bird might benefit from being in a flock. In this paper we use the term 'flock' in the usual sense, to refer to an.aggregation of birds with some social.attraction between individuals. In operational terms flocks can often be recognized by cohesion of movements. In our model we consider flocking primarily in relation to feeding, since recent evidence in the literature suggests that flocking enhances efficiency (Cody 1971.; Murton 1971; Krebs, MacRoberts & Cullen 1972). This should not, however, be taken to indicate that we automatically assume that flocking does not have survival value in relation to other selection pressures, for example those from predators. Three main behavioural components are built into the model: movements, preference for prey type resulting from experience, and social learning. The movements of birds in the model are of two types. (1) Short movements of an individual bird looking for food. These movements are influenced not only by the individual's search for food, but also by its attraction to and repulsion from neighbouring birds in the flock. (2) Integrated movements of the whole flock which results in the birds moving from one area to another (Hinde 1952). The second behavioural component of the model, short-term preference for a par.ticular
The Zaṅ-Zuṅ Language (1933)

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MAKING AVO SECTIONS MORE ROBUST<sup>1</sup> (1991)

A bstract When large quantities of seismic data are involved it is impossible to examine all gathers by eye for AVO anomalies. The standard approach is to compute, for each amplitude profile (at a specific time) on each gather, the intercept and gradient of a straight‐line fit to seismic amplitudes. These intercepts and gradients are each plotted as a sort of seismic section ‐ an intercept section, and a gradient section. Estimation of the intercept and gradient for a straight‐line fit to each amplitude profile proceeds traditionally via least‐squares. Two undesirable features can be hidden from the user by the fitting procedure, namely (i) the effect of outlying or uncharacteristic amplitudes on the intercept and gradient estimates, and (ii) complete breakdown of the straight‐line model for the amplitudes, thus rendering meaningless the intercept and gradient estimates. It should be remembered that least‐squares can always fit any sequence of numbers to any other sequence of numbers; checks are needed to show that the result is meaningful. It is shown that statistically robust estimation methods can greatly limit the damage done by outlying amplitudes, and that a simple test on the model, the runs‐statistic, is capable of detecting breakdown of the straight‐line assumption. It is demonstrated using two seismic data sets that these two techniques, used in tandem, facilitate much better quality control of AVO intercept and gradient calculations.
Sprocketless Synchronous Magnetic Tape (1950)

Advantages inherent in the normally thin, narrow magnetic tape may be realized with a new method of obtaining true synchronism with film for motion pictures. Adaptability of the system to dubbing and post-synchronization is described. For television sound, it offers wide-frequency response and long playing time.
Taxonomy of Packet Classification Algorithms (2013)

The process of categorizing Internet traffic in forwarding machine called packet classification. This process becomes very important in the last years , due to the huge evolution for the network services. This paper explains a taxonomy for the most popular and modern packet classification algorithms with its distinct features. As a result, this paper will guide the interested in packet classification field how can choose a suitable algorithm according to network service requirements.
Fabrication of Porous SiC/SiAlON Composites Using Semi Coke and Fly Ash as Raw Material (2012)

Porous SiC/SiAlON ceramics were fabricated by carbothermal reduction method from raw materials of fly ash and semi coke in nitrogen atmosphere. The results showed that composites were composed by multi-structure of SiC, Ca-SiAlON and AlN phases. With the increase of semi coke contents, the contents of Ca-Sialon increased. The fracture mode of this material was intergranular. The results also showed that micro area hereditary of semi coke particles was observed in the morphology of this material. The morphology of this material was composed by nanosized SiC and plate like Ca-SiAlON. The median pore diameter was affected by the contents of semi coke and increased with the increase of semi coke content.
Wrinkling of a Debonded Initially Compressed Si<sub>1−X</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub> Film (2005)

Abstract A compressively strained pseudomorphic Si 1−x Ge x film being debonded from Si substrate by selective etching forms wrinkles with a uniform space periodicity. The present study provides experimental evidences and a theoretical model for the wrinkling process. To allow large deflection, non-linear Von Karman plate theory is employed. The amplitude and wavelength of wrinkles are determined by minimizing the total free energy of a debonded wrinkled film. The wrinkling analysis has shown that the amplitude and wavelength of wrinkled film are an outcome of a subtle compromise between bending energy, and normal and shearing components of the stretching energy. The wave number nondimentionalized over the depth of etch is a function of the membrane strain of a bonded film, Poisson's ratio, and the nondimensional film thickness.
Automated in-silico detection of cell populations in flow cytometry readouts and its application to leukemia disease monitoring (2006)

Multivariate classification techniques allow for automating cell population detection in cytometry readouts for diagnostic purposes. They potentially reduce time, costs and arbitrariness associated with these procedures. Due to their multivariate classification rules, they also allow for the reliable detection of small cell populations.
Using the Fluhrer, Mantin, and Shamir Attack to Break {WEP} (2002)

We implemented an attack against WEP, the link-layer security protocol for 802.11 networks. The attack was described in a recent paper by Fluhrer, Mantin, and Shamir. With our implementation, and permission of the network administrator, we were able to recover the 128 bit secret key used in a production network, with a passive attack. The WEP standard uses RC4 IVs improperly, and the attack exploits this design failure. This paper describes the attack, how we implemented it, and some optimizations to make the attack more efficient. We conclude that 802.11 WEP is totally insecure, and we provide some recommendations. 1
Thickness-Dependent Thermal Conductivity of Encased Graphene and Ultrathin Graphite (2010)

The thermal conductivity of graphene and ultrathin graphite (thickness from 1 to ∼20 layers) encased within silicon dioxide was measured using a heat spreader method. The thermal conductivity increases with the number of graphene layers, approaching the in-plane thermal conductivity of bulk graphite for the thickest samples, while showing suppression below 160 W/m-K at room temperature for single-layer graphene. These results show the strong effect of the encasing oxide in disrupting the thermal conductivity of adjacent graphene layers, an effect that penetrates a characteristic distance of approximately 2.5 nm (∼7 layers) into the core layers at room temperature.
Video &amp; EOG based investigation of pure saccades in human subjects (2012)

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is the methodology through which computing systems understand actions of human beings. Some important applications of HCI as reported in literature are eye gaze estimation, eye tracking, alertness and health monitoring etc. Of them major applications are based upon eye movements. However, accurate estimation of these measurements is still a challenge in research community. A particular type of eye movement i.e. saccadic eye movement has potential applications in HCI such as alertness assessment, disease diagnosis etc. Electrooculography (EOG) based measurement of saccadic movements has been reported to be an accurate method. However being a contact based method, alternative method as suggested by literature is image based approach. This paper aims to investigate the correlation between video and EOG based observation of pure horizontal directional saccades to establish a relationship between image and EOG signals.
A PELOX isolated sub-0.5 micron thin-film SOI technology (2002)

The integration of Poly-Encapsulated LOCOS (PELOX) into a high performance sub-0.5 /spl mu/m thin-film SOI technology is described. The 700 /spl Aring/ (per side) bird's beak encroachment of PELOX eliminates the need for a field implant and results in a significant reduction of the MOSFET narrow width effect. Partially-depleted N+/P+ dual poly gate MOSFET's with 70 /spl Aring/ Tox and 0.35 /spl mu/m Lpoly were fabricated with /spl les/1 /spl mu/m active/isolation pitch. A 40% reduction in power-delay product, compared to bulk CMOS, is achieved with a CMOS ring oscillator propagation-delay of 51 psec at 2 V supply voltage.
INFERENCE IN PARTIALLY IDENTIFIED PANEL DATA MODELS WITH INTERACTIVE FIXED EFFECTS (2024)

In this paper, we develop methods for statistical inferences in a partially identified nonparametric panel data model with endogeneity and interactive fixed effects. Under some normalization rules, we can concentrate out the large-dimensional parameter vector of factor loadings and specify a set of conditional moment restrictions that are involved with only the finite-dimensional factor parameters along with the infinite-dimensional nonparametric component. For a conjectured restriction on the parameter, we consider testing the null hypothesis that the restriction is satisfied by at least one element in the identified set and propose a test statistic based on a novel martingale difference divergence measure for the distance between a conditional expectation object and zero. We derive a tight asymptotic distributional upper bound for the resultant test statistic under the null and show that it is divergent at rate- N under the global alternative. To obtain the critical values for our test, we propose a version of multiplier bootstrap and establish its asymptotic validity. Simulations demonstrate the finite sample properties of our inference procedure. We apply our method to study Engel curves for major nondurable expenditures in China by using a panel dataset from the China Family Panel Studies.
Inhibition of Cell Proliferation and Increase of Chemosensitivity by Simultaneous Knockdown of XIAP and Survivin in Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells (2013)

At present, classic therapies provide limited benefits to the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. However, clinically available gene therapy strategies have not been well established. This study investigates the effect of shRNA-mediated inhibition of XIAP and survivin expression on the proliferation, apoptosis, and chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells. Stable inhibition of XIAP and survivin expression in SW1990 and Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells was established by lentivirus-carried shRNAs. The mRNA and protein expression of XIAP and survivin were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay, and apoptosis was detected by caspase-3/7 activity and Hoechst33342 staining. The lentivirus-carried shRNA significantly inhibited XIAP and survivin expression. Simultaneous inhibition of XIAP and survivin expression in pancreatic cells significantly reduced cell proliferation, increased caspase-3/7 activity, and increased cell sensitization to 5-FU and gemcitabine treatments compared to inhibition of XIAP or survivin expression alone. However, simultaneous silencing of XIAP and survivin showed no significant difference in inducing cell apoptosis compared to silencing of XIAP or survivin expression alone. Simultaneous inhibition of XIAP and survivin expression may be an effective strategy for gene therapy of pancreatic cancer.
Lipid partitioning at the nuclear envelope controls membrane biogenesis (2015)

Partitioning of lipid precursors between membranes and storage is crucial for cell growth, and its disruption underlies pathologies such as cancer, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. However, the mechanisms and signals that regulate this process are largely unknown. In yeast, lipid precursors are mainly used for phospholipid synthesis in nutrient-rich conditions in order to sustain rapid proliferation but are redirected to triacylglycerol (TAG) stored in lipid droplets during starvation. Here we investigate how cells reprogram lipid metabolism in the endoplasmic reticulum. We show that the conserved phosphatidate (PA) phosphatase Pah1, which generates diacylglycerol from PA, targets a nuclear membrane subdomain that is in contact with growing lipid droplets and mediates TAG synthesis. We find that cytosol acidification activates the master regulator of Pah1, the Nem1-Spo7 complex, thus linking Pah1 activity to cellular metabolic status. In the absence of TAG storage capacity, Pah1 still binds the nuclear membrane, but lipid precursors are redirected toward phospholipids, resulting in nuclear deformation and a proliferation of endoplasmic reticulum membrane. We propose that, in response to growth signals, activation of Pah1 at the nuclear envelope acts as a switch to control the balance between membrane biogenesis and lipid storage.
Type of culture media does not affect embryo kinetics: a time-lapse analysis of sibling oocytes (2013)

No specific funding was obtained for this study; it was solely funded by IVI. None of the authors have any economic affiliation with Unisense Fertilitech A/S but IVI is a minor shareholder in Unisense Fertilitech A/S.
Kinetics of pyroprocesses in ATW fuel cycles (1997)

Accelerator-driven transmutation of waste (ATW) combines the technologies of accelerators and reactors to treat the nuclear waste problem. An ATW system uses a high-current accelerator to generate spallation neutrons to initiate the transmutation of actinides and select fission products in a subcritical nuclear assembly surrounding the target volume. For high burnup and efficient operation, an ATW system requires simple, reliable, and efficient fuel preparation and cleanup procedures to periodically remove {open_quotes}neutron poisons.{close_quotes} We have identified several fuel cycles based on pyroprocessing.
Patents Patter: 1 (1983)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text D. J. Lovell, "Patents Patter: 1," Appl. Opt. 22, 3913-4154 (1983) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Drugs for prevention. -editorial- (2000)

The use of drugs for prevention rather than cure of disease raises important safety, ethical and economic questions. The cost effectiveness and clinically effective use of such drugs is heavily dependent on an ability to target therapy to those at highest risk. (author abstract)