gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Individually improved VCG synthesis (2009)

Some prognostic electrocardiographic variables are to be measured in a vectorcardiogram (VCG). Normally, VCGs are synthesized from a standard 12-lead ECG by a transformation matrix. This occurs at the price of some information loss that can be defined as the error e between the original ECG and reconstructed ECG (ECGr). Our assumption is that the larger e, the less reliable the synthesized VCG. We attempted here to improve the VCG synthesis by reducing e for each individual by using the Errors-In-Variables model. This technique minimizes e by allowing 1–10% changes of the transformation matrix (M) that can be seen as the individualization of the conductive torso properties. We tested this procedure in 180 subjects, and used the squared correlation as a quality index for the resemblance of ECG and ECGr (R2 ECG ). On average, the R2 ECG is markedly improved from 0.94 (inverse Dower) to 0.97 to 0.99 when we allow 1–10% adaptations of M. We conclude that improvement in the R2 ECG , and thus individualizing M through our method, should give us a better and individualized VCG.
Phase I/II Trial of Gefitinib and Oxaliplatin in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer (2005)

Colorectal cancers frequently overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor. Gefitinib (Iressa), an inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase, is synergistic with oxaliplatin in preclinical colon cancer models. The authors conducted a phase I/II trial of gefitinib plus oxaliplatin in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. In the phase I portion, 14 patients received oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 intravenously every 21 days and gefitinib orally daily at 1 of 2 dose levels: 250 mg/day (8 patients), and 500 mg/day (6 patients). There were no objective responses. Three patients (38%) in the 250-mg cohort experienced disease stabilization for a median of 12 weeks, and 1 patient in the 500-mg cohort had stable disease for 18 weeks. Nausea/vomiting and rash were dose limiting. The randomized phase II part of the trial, in which patients were to receive oxaliplatin with or without gefitinib, was canceled due to the inactivity of single-agent gefitinib observed in the phase I portion, and emergent phase III data regarding the minimal activity of single-agent oxaliplatin. The authors conclude that the combination of gefitinib plus oxaliplatin is inactive in advanced colorectal cancer.
Porphyrins as nanoreactors in the carbon dioxide capture and conversion: a review (2015)

On account of their unique properties and robust structures, porphyrins are nature's favorite catalysts.
Liquid ammonia solutions. X. Raman study of interactions in the liquid state (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid ammonia solutions. X. Raman study of interactions in the liquid stateA. T. Lemley, J. H. Roberts, K. R. Plowman, and J. J. LagowskiCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 18, 2185–2191Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100637a006https://doi.org/10.1021/j100637a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views121Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An Ion Sensitive Organic Field-Effect Transistor Incorporating the Ionophore Valinomycin (2011)

We report on the effect of depositing the ionophore valinomycin onto the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) gate insulator of an ion-sensitive organic field-effect transistor (ISOFET) based on poly(3-hexylthiophene). The ionophore was deposited onto the PMMA using the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique; thin films based on pure valinomycin and those in which valinomycin was mixed with arachidic acid were investigated. The pH sensitivity of the reference ISOFET could be improved significantly when the devices were coated with an LB film of arachidic acid. However, the response to <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm K} ^{+}$</tex></formula> was low. By adding a small amount (5% w/w) of the ionophore valinomycin to the fatty acid LB film, an improved response to potassium ions was achieved, but no selectivity over sodium. It was necessary to use an LB membrane of pure valinomycin in order to realise an ISOFET with some <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${\rm K} ^{+}$</tex></formula> selectivity. We suggest that the presence of the ionophore in the fatty acid matrix disrupts the packing of the hydrocarbon chains in the mixed LB film and that the monovalent ion response originates from interactions with the carboxylic acid groups in the fatty acid. In contrast, for the case of the pure valinomycin coating, it is thought that <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex Notation="TeX">${\rm K} ^{+}$</tex></formula> response is controlled by complex formation with the ionophore.
Self-Conscious Emotions (2014)

Participation in sport and exercise requires self-regulation. Examples of self-regulation include an individual fighting the urge to stop during an intense exercise class; a golfer trying to ignore feelings of excitement and focus on a simple putt to win a tournament; and a soccer player resisting the desire to strike an opponent who has repeatedly fouled him. The process by which individuals consciously attempt to constrain unwanted thoughts, feelings and behaviours and bring these in line with ideals or goals is termed self-regulation, or self-control. The ability to self-regulate has been shown to contribute positively to performance and behaviour in a number of domains, including sport and exercise.
Severe community-acquired pneumonia: risk factors for in-hospital mortality (2012)

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is an important cause of hospital mortality. The goal of this study was to identify variables associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality at ICU admission.
Processing images and video for an impressionist effect (1997)

This paper describes a technique that transforms ordinary video segments into animations that have a hand-painted look. Our method is the first to exploit temporal coherence in video clips to design an automatic filter with a hand-drawn animation quality, in this case, one that produces an Impressionist effect. Off-the-shelf image processing and rendering techniques are employed, modified and combined in a novel way. This paper proceeds through the process step by step, providing helpful hints for tuning the off-the-shelf parts as well as describing the new techniques and bookkeeping used to glue the parts together.
Regioselective Enzymatic Carboxylation of Phenols and Hydroxystyrene Derivatives (2012)

The enzymatic carboxylation of phenol and styrene derivatives using (de)carboxylases in carbonate buffer proceeded in a highly regioselective fashion: Benzoic acid (de)carboxylases selectively formed o-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, phenolic acid (de)carboxylases selectively acted at the β-carbon atom of styrenes forming (E)-cinnamic acids.
Propagation des faisceaux gaussiens. Transport des faisceaux de puissance (1992)

Les caracteristiques optiques d'un faisceau laser sont tres differentes de celles des faisceaux lumineux conventionnels issus de sources naturelles ou artificielles (soleil, lampes a incandescence, diodes eiectroluminescentes,....). La description des transformations spatiales des faisceaux de lumiere conventionnels fait appel aux theories de I'optique geometrique et de la radiometrie qui toutes deux s'accomodent de la notion de rayon lumineux. L'optique geometrique s'avere insuffisante pour decrire les transformations spatiales des faisceaux laser. La propagation des faisceaux laser fait largement appel au phenomene de diffraction. A cause de cela, ('intuition basee sur I'optique geometrique peut conduire a des rSsultats de propagation laser qui sont errones.
Analysis of the regulation of gene expression during Bacillus subtilis sporulation by manipulation of the copy number of spo-lacZ fusions (1987)

The control of expression of the Bacillus subtilis spoIIA locus was analyzed by titrating gene expression against gene copy number. A plasmid integrated into the B. subtilis chromosome and carrying the spoIIA control region fused to Escherichia coli lacZ was forced to form tandem repeats by the selection of clones that grow on high levels of chloramphenicol, the antibiotic against which the plasmid determines resistance. DNA from the clones was digested with BglII, which did not cut in the reiterated region, and the size of the fragment was determined by orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis to determine the copy number. Most clones had fairly homogeneous copy numbers. Gene expression was monitored by beta-galactosidase activity. The results indicate that spoIIA was under positive control by a moiety present at about five copies per chromosome. Spore formation was not affected by amplification, so spoIIA-lacZ reiteration did not sequester a molecule required elsewhere for sporulation.
An architecture for the direct execution of the Forth programming language (1987)

We have developed a simple direct execution architecture for a 32 bit Forth microprocessor. The processor can directly access a linear address space of over 4 gigawords. Two instruction types are defined; a subroutine call, and a user defined microcode instruction. On-chip stack caches allow most Forth primitives to execute in a single cycle.
Evolving views of viral evolution: towards an evolutionary biology of viruses. (1992)

Despite considerable interest in viral evolution, at least among virologists, viruses are rarely considered from the same evolutionary vantage point as other organisms. Early work of necessity emphasized phenotype and phenotypic variation (and therefore arguably was more oriented towards the broader biological and ecological perspectives). More recent work (essentially since the development of molecular evolution in the 1960's but beginning earlier) has concentrated on genotypic variation, with less clarity about the significance of such variations. Other aspects of evolutionary theory, especially considerations of natural selection and of evolutionary constraints, have not widely been applied to viruses, and an evolutionary framework for virology has long been lacking. This becomes apparent in considering 'emerging' viruses, which have often been treated on an ad hoc basis. It was often felt that, because previously unrecognized viruses are involved, mechanisms of viral emergence must mirror the unpredictability of mutations in the viral genome. However, most examples of viral emergence are independent of mutation, at least initially, and are often pre-existing viruses in changed circumstances ('viral traffic'). This conclusion also readily follows from ordinary Darwinian premises, which would require that, like other living species, 'new' organisms are descended only from existing species. In this respect, from a Darwinian perspective, viruses would appear to resemble other organisms.
Human influenza A virus hemagglutinin distinguishes sialyloligosaccharides in membrane-associated gangliosides as its receptor which mediates the adsorption and fusion processes of virus infection. Specificity for oligosaccharides and sialic acids and the sequence to which sialic acid is attached. (1986)

Human influenza A virus isolates bearing antigenically different H1 (A/PR/8/34), H2 (A/Japan/305/57), and H3 (A/Aichi/2/68, A/X-31) hemagglutinin serotypes caused extensive hemagglutination, low pH fusion, and hemolysis of asialoerythrocytes reconstituted with gangliosides. Sialylparaglobosides (IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer), I-active and i-active (VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer) gangliosides, and GM3-NeuAc commonly exhibited significant specific receptor activity toward the viruses. A/PR/8/34 recognized IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing the NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal sequence preferentially over IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer containing NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal, whereas the other two recognized the NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal sequence preferentially over NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal. Responsiveness of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuGc to the viruses used was considerably lower than that of erythrocytes labeled with gangliosides containing NeuAc. The activities of GM1a, GM2, and GD1b bearing NeuAc on inner galactose of the ganglio series core were also very low. These results indicate that sialyloligosaccharides of IV3NeuAc-nLc4Cer, IV6NeuAc-nLc4Cer, I-active ganglioside, and VI3NeuAc-nLc6Cer in addition to GM3-NeuAc and GM1b-NeuAc (Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., and Matsumoto, M. (1985), J. Biol. Chem. 260, 1362-1365; Suzuki, Y., Matsunaga, M., Nagao, Y., Taki, T., Hirabayashi, Y., and Matsumoto, M. (1985) Vaccine 3, 201-203) are functional receptor determinants toward hemagglutinin of human influenza A viruses, and the viruses differentiate microdomains of the gangliosides, such as the sialic acid species (NeuAc, NeuGc) and the sequence of sialic acid linkages (NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal, NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal).
An asynchronous rule-based approach for business process automation using obligations (2002)

The Edee architecture provides a mechanism for explicitly and uniformly capturing business occurrences, and provisions of contracts, policies, and law. Edee is able to reason about the interactions of intra-, inter-, and extra-organizational policy, and execute business procedures informed by the combined legal effects of these diverse rules. We show through an example how Edee's asynchronous approach, namely to initiate actions only after consulting the database to determine active obligations, differs from the traditional synchronous approach in which procedural side-effects are initiated when clauses of rules are evaluated. The example show-cases both conflict detection and resolution in Edee. Edee's novel mechanism for business process automation is based on assessment of legal status and directives, and can be contrasted to the conventional task-dependency and process-synchronization approach employed in other workflow systems.
Direct Demonstration of Instabilities in Oxygen Concentrations within the Extravascular Compartment of an Experimental Tumor (2006)

To test the hypothesis that temporal variations in microvessel red cell flux cause unstable oxygen levels in tumor interstitium, extravascular oxygenation of R3230Ac mammary tumors grown in skin-fold window chambers was measured using recessed tip polarographic microelectrodes. Red cell fluxes in microvessels surrounding pO2 measurement locations were measured using fluorescently labeled red cells. Temporal pO2 instability was observed in all experiments. Median pO2 was inversely related to radial distance from microvessels. Transient fluctuations above and below 10 mm Hg were consistently seen, except in one experiment near the oxygen diffusion distance limit (140 microm) where pO2 fluctuations were <2 mm Hg and median pO2 was <5 mm Hg. Vascular stasis was not seen in these experiments. These results show that fluctuations in red cell flux, as opposed to vascular stasis, can cause temporal variations in pO2 that extend from perivascular regions to the maximum oxygen diffusion distance.
Experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis in rabbits induced by Trichosporon cutaneum: role of local cellular and humoral immune responses. (1988)

We evaluated the immunopathologic properties of Trichosporon cutaneum, an important etiologic agent of summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis in Japan. Rabbits were sensitized and challenged by either a culture-filtrate antigen or a particulate antigen prepared from a TIMM 1318 strain of the fungus. Group 1 animals received repetitive intratracheal injections of a particulate T. cutaneum antigen without use of any adjuvant. Group 2 animals were sensitized by foot-pad injections of particulate antigen followed by an intratracheal challenge with the same antigen. Group 3 animals were sensitized by a culture-filtrate antigen emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant followed by a challenge with the intratracheal injection of the same antigen. In group 1, we observed interstitial pneumonitis with prominent granulomatous reactions which resembled those in human hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Group 2 animals also showed granulomatous inflammation in a some minor extent, but they were accompanied with excessive infiltration of neutrophils. In contrast, group 3 showed mild alveolitis in a cell population consisting predominantly of macrophages. Lymphocytes from mediastinal nodes responded to the antigen in groups 1 and 2 but not in group 3. Interestingly, the specific IgA antibody activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of group 1 was significantly higher than those of group 2, despite the IgG antibody activity was the same. The ratio of IgA/IgG antibody activity in individual BALF sample in these two groups correlated inversely with the grade of neutrophil infiltration. Thus, the presence of IgA antibody in the respiratory tract affects the pathological outcome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Sustained contractions produced by plateau‐like behaviour in human motoneurones (2002)

Electrical stimulation over human muscle can generate force directly by activation of motor axons and indirectly by 'reflex' recruitment of spinal motoneurones. These experiments were designed to define the properties of the centrally generated 'reflex' force, including the optimal stimulus conditions for producing it in tibialis anterior (TA) and triceps surae (TS), and its interaction with volition. Subjects (n = 21) were seated with their foot strapped to an isometric myograph. Surface EMG was recorded from TS and TA. High-frequency electrical stimulation (100 Hz) of TS and TA with wide pulse widths (1 ms) was most effective to evoke the sustained centrally generated forces. The maximal force evoked by this mechanism during stimulation of TA for 40 s was approximately 42 % of that produced by a maximal voluntary contraction. For both muscle groups, ramp increases and decreases in stimulus frequency (from approximately 4 to 100 Hz and back to 4 Hz over 6 s) resulted in marked hysteresis in the force-frequency plot. After a single 'burst' of 100 Hz stimulation during prolonged stimulation at 25 Hz, force remained elevated. Repeated bursts often generated progressively larger force increments. These behaviours were abolished by an anaesthetic nerve block proximal to the stimulation site, confirming the central origin for the 'extra' force. After a brief voluntary contraction was performed during 25 Hz stimulation, force remained elevated, and this showed some gradation with voluntary contraction amplitude. Sometimes voluntary contractions alone initiated the sustained central motor output. Involuntary contractions often persisted for many seconds after electrical stimulation ceased. These were not terminated by brief inhibitory inputs to the active motoneurones but could be stopped by the voluntary command to 'relax completely'. Overall, these centrally generated contractions are consistent with activation of plateau potentials in motoneurones innervating the ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors. Large forces can be produced through this mechanism. The interaction with volitional drives suggests that plateau behaviour may contribute significantly to the normal output of human motoneurones.
Exploring Social Patterns in Mobile Data (2010)

To compete with other telecom providers, it is important to understand the behavior of the customers and predict their needs. In order to realize this, it is required to explore the customers details based on their mobile usage behavior into social patterns (segments) and target the suitable segments for advertising. In our approach, the usage data of the customers in association with their browsing behavior is used to form the segments considered to be an important addition. From the analysis of their usage rates with respect to a certain domain, the operator can drill down to the sub domain level interests and target them with specific customized services. This can be done by performing latent semantic analysis using Gibbs sampling algorithm and K-Means clustering on the description of their accessed web pages with their usage and spend data. The traditional method involves forming web communities using link based approach. Our method based on identifying social communities could produce an alternative approach for the mobile operators. The usage rates within a certain cluster, and the customers' interest towards a specific domain can help to determine their extent of willingness to spend in specific areas. Our approach produces better results than the traditional methods by enabling the telecom providers to target a specific group of consumers.
See UV on Your Skin: An Ultraviolet Sensing and Visualization System (2013)

The European Union Digital Library (EUDL) is the central repository for all content published by the different branches of the European Alliance for Innovation (EAI). EUDL also hosts or indexes content from selected partner or member organizations and affiliates.
Shear contributions to cell culture performance and product recovery in ATF and TFF perfusion systems (2017)

Achievement of a robust and scalable cell retention device remains a challenge in perfusion systems. Of the two filtration systems commonly used, tangential flow filtration (TFF) systems often have an inferior product sieving profile compared to alternating tangential flow filtration (ATF) systems, which is typically attributed to the ATF's unique alternating flow. Here, we demonstrate that observed performance differences between the two systems are a function of cell lysis and not the alternating flow as previously thought. The peristaltic pump used in typical TFF perfusion systems is shown to be the single major contributor to shear stress and cell lysis. Replacing the peristaltic pump with a low shear centrifugal pump brought cell growth, cell lysis, particle concentration, and product sieving in a TFF perfusion system to levels comparable with that of an ATF. These results provide a correlation where poor product sieving can be partially explained by high shear in cell retention systems and demonstrate that low shear TFF systems are a feasible alternative to ATF systems.