gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Proline-rich polypeptides bound to rat prostatic binding protein. The primary structure of the two main components, proline-rich polypeptides IV and V. (1983)

The complete primary structures of the two main forms, PRP-IV and PRP-V, of a proline-rich polypeptide bound in vivo to rat prostatic binding protein has been determined. Their sequences were established using manual Edman degradation of the native polypeptide and of purified fragments derived from trypsin and thermolysin digestions. Both polypeptides contain 38 amino acid residues (Mr = 4397 and 4339); cysteine, methionine, and serine are missing. In spite of the high proline content (21%), no polyproline stretches were detected. PRP-IV and PRP-V show an extensive structural homology and differ only by three substitutions. These amino acid replacements are located in the NH2-terminal part of the molecule at positions 6 (His leads to Pro), 10 (Pro leads to His), and 11 (Asp leads to Gly). Moreover, each component displays a microheterogeneity at several positions in the sequence which indicates that multiple structural variants exist for PRP-IV and PRP-V. These data not only suggest the existence in rat ventral prostate of a multigene family coding for the proline-rich polypeptides but also the occurrence of a pronounced genetic polymorphism for these components. In addition, a remarkable sequence homology is observed between the PRP components and the region of the B chain in the precursor of mouse renin.
Inscriptions from Melos (1897)

The following inscriptions were either copied or excavated by the members of the British School during the spring of 1896, some during our preliminary visit in January, but the greater part during March—May, when we were living at Trypete. The majority of the inscriptions of the island are the product of the promiscuous amateur digging which has been going on probably almost continuously for nearly a century: they are consequently usually in the hands of peasants, who in most cases can only give one vague traditions regarding their original provenance. The personal interest of their present owners in them is naturally very small: it awakens to a languid existence when from time to time a foreign visitor makes them the subject of notebooks and (occasionally) of drachmas: but for the most part no sort of care is taken for their preservation, and if an inscription is to be employed as a paving-stone, it is usually the inscription side which meets the foot and the weather. Of course this state of things is not confined to Melos: I only mention it because there is at last serious talk of collecting the inscriptions and perhaps some of the other more important antiquities of Melos into a local museum: whether as the result of our urgent representations or of those of the German visitors of last year, or as the result of years of suggestions, it matters very little. It is greatly to be hoped that the good intentions of the demarch of Castri may soon be carried out.
Dual-mode leaky-wave excitation in symmetric composite right/left-handed structure with center vias (2010)

In this paper a novel four port symmetric coupled composite right/left-handed leaky-wave (LW) transmission-line is introduced. Unlike the other coupled CRLH-TLs, this structure has the ability to support both right-handed as well as left-handed guided and leaky-wave propagations under both common-mode and differential-mode excitations. These unique properties are achievable through providing physical short circuit by means of ground vias at the center of each unit-cell along the symmetry plane of the structure. The advantage of this structure is that not only backward-wave is supported under both common- and differential-mode excitations but also when the TL operates in the fast-wave region, the radiated field under differential-mode excitation has an orthogonal polarization in comparison to that of the common-mode excitation resulting in a dual polarized four port coupled CRLH LW-TL antenna. The operation mechanism which is based on the direction of the current maximum will be discussed in this paper. For illustration purposes, a 25-cell four port coupled CRLH LW-TL is simulated, fabricated and measured and the obtained results verify the unique features of the structure mainly CRLH nature as well as its dual polarity under both common-mode and differential-mode excitation.
Hormone binding by cells and cell fragments as visualized by fluorescence microscopy. (1976)

Fluorescent-labeled hormones offer an alternative approach to radio-labeling in studying the binding of hormones to intact cells or cell fragments. The binding of fluorescent-labeled hormones may be followed quantitatively by measurement of the polarization or the binding may be directly visualized in the fluorescence microscope. The binding of both fluorescein labeled prolactin and estradiol to a variety of whole cells or to microsomal fragments has been observed by fluorescence microscopy. No staining was observed with fresh cells whereas all cell types investigated, after freeze-thawing, stained at physiological levels (10-9M) of either hormone. Microsomal preparations from the mammary tissue of mid-pregnant rabbits likewise stained at low levels of prolactin. Inhibition of staining was not produced even by 10-6 M unlabeled hormone.
Human Hypervirulent <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Strains Exhibit Increased Sporulation as Well as Robust Toxin Production (2010)

Toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains produce two toxins (TcdA and TcdB) during the stationary phase of growth and are the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile isolates of the molecular type NAP1/027/BI have been associated with severe disease and hospital outbreaks worldwide. It has been suggested that these "hypervirulent" strains produce larger amounts of toxin and that a mutation in a putative negative regulator (TcdC) allows toxin production at all growth phases. To rigorously explore this possibility, we conducted a quantitative examination of the toxin production of multiple hypervirulent and nonhypervirulent C. difficile strains. Toxin gene (tcdA and tcdB) and toxin gene regulator (tcdR and tcdC) expression was also monitored. To obtain additional correlates for the hypervirulence phenotype, sporulation kinetics and efficiency were measured. In the exponential phase, low basal levels of tcdA, tcdB, and tcdR expression were evident in both hypervirulent and nonhypervirulent strains, but contrary to previous assumptions, toxin levels were below the detectable thresholds. While hypervirulent strains displayed robust toxin production during the stationary phase of growth, the amounts were not significantly different from those of the nonhypervirulent strains tested; further, total toxin amounts were directly proportional to tcdA, tcdB, and tcdR gene expression. Interestingly, tcdC expression did not diminish in stationary phase, suggesting that TcdC may have a modulatory rather than a strictly repressive role. Comparative genomic analyses of the closely related nonhypervirulent strains VPI 10463 (the highest toxin producer) and 630 (the lowest toxin producer) revealed polymorphisms in the tcdR ribosome binding site and the tcdR-tcdB intergenic region, suggesting that a mechanistic basis for increased toxin production in VPI 10463 could be increased TcdR translation and read-through transcription of the tcdA and tcdB genes. Hypervirulent isolates produced significantly more spores, and did so earlier, than all other isolates. Increased sporulation, potentially in synergy with robust toxin production, may therefore contribute to the widespread disease now associated with hypervirulent C. difficile strains.
Field transcriptome revealed critical developmental and physiological transitions involved in the expression of growth potential in japonicarice (2011)

Our study provides not only the genetic basis for functional genomics in rice but also new insight into understanding the critical physiological processes involved in flowering and seed development, that could lead to novel strategies for optimizing crop productivity.
Protecting healthcare workers from pandemic influenza: N95 or surgical masks? (2010)

World Health Organization guidelines recommend surgical masks for all patient care with the exception of N95 masks for aerosol generating procedures. Because of the paucity of high-quality studies in the healthcare setting, the advocacy of mask types is not entirely evidence-based. Evidence from laboratory studies of potential airborne spread of influenza from shedding patients indicate that guidelines related to the current 1-meter respiratory zone may need to be extended to a larger respiratory zone and include protection from ocular inoculation.
Structural diversity and properties of a series of dinuclear and mononuclear copper(ii) and copper(i) carboxylato complexes (2002)

The syntheses, crystal structures, magnetic and photoluminescence properties of a series of dinuclear and mononuclear copper(II) and copper(I) N-carbazolylacetate [N-carbazolylacetic acid = Hcabo] with different carboxylato coordination modes are reported. Although the carboxylato group has different coordination modes, the same carboxylate ligand binding to copper ion via four coordinating modes is rare. The crystal structure of complex [Cu2(Cabo)4(dmf)2]·2dmf (1) consists of a symmetrical dimeric Cu(II) carboxylato paddle-wheel core and oxygen atoms from dmf at the apical positions. The dinuclear complex [Cu2(Cabo)3(phen)2]ClO4·H2O·C2H5OH (2) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) consists of an unusual dimeric core with two copper atoms bridged by three carboxylates one of which is in the η∶η∶μ2 bridging mode and the other two are in the rarer monoatomic bridging mode. To our knowledge, the present bridging mode has not been reported hitherto. Magnetic susceptibilities were measured in the temperature range 2–300 K. It is found that paddle-wheel copper(II) ions in 1 are strongly coupled antiferromagnetically with 2J = −356.4(6) cm−1, whereas complex 2 shows weak antiferromagnetic interaction with a 2J value of −12.8(4) cm−1. Copper(I) N-carbazolylacetate with strong fluorescence in the solid state as well as high thermal stability was obtained by reduction of the copper(II) N-carbazolylacetate using PPh3 (triphenylphosphine) in dmf solution.
Effect of Organic Sulfur Compounds on Oviposition in Onion Maggot, Hylemya antiqua MEIGEN (Diptera : Anthomyiidae) (1968)

Oviposition by the adult maggot female was stimulated by the odour of n-propyl disulfide and n-propyl mercaptan in moist sand. Probing with mouth parts and ovipositor but no egg deposition occurred when dishes containing these chemicals were covered with screen. The alcohols and carbonyl compounds tested in general inhibited oviposition.
Interval Methods for Non‐Linear Equation Solving Applications (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Overview Background Modeling of Liquid–Liquid Phase Equilibrium Transition-State Analysis Food Web Models Concluding Remarks Acknowledgments References
A 0.5 to 2.5GHz PLL with Fully Differential Supply-Regulated Tuning (2006)

A PLL uses a fully differential supply-regulated tuning scheme to combat power-supply noise. The charge pump uses a resistor to set the current and reduce the flicker noise corner. Fabricated in a 0.18μm CMOS process, the PLL area is 0.15mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Operating at 2.4GHz, it has 3.29ps <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rms</sub> jitter, a frequency range of 0.5 to 2.5GHz, and draws 14mA from a 1.8V supply
Strain Effects in Partially Premixed Methane-air Jet Flames (2015)

A large-eddy simulation (LES) subgrid combustion model has been developed based on an innovative application of the linear-eddy model to the counter flow configuration (LEM-CF). This subgrid model is developed by parameterizing flame statistics from the LEM-CF sub-model in terms of a reduced set of variables. A database of closure statistics for LES transport equations for these variables is then generated. The run-time application of the model within LES retrieves the closure statistics from the database resulting in a computationally efficient formulation. One key feature of this formulation is that it includes the LEM-CF prediction of turbulent flame extinction limits to develop a localized extinction criterion for the LES. This extinction criterion is a function of the LES resolved scale strain rate which may be directly computed from the LES resolved scale velocity field. The model’s capabilities for capturing strain rate and local extinction effects were assessed through its application to the Sandia piloted partially premixed CH4/air-air jet flame series. A comparison of model predictions for scalar means and RMS fluctuations for Flame D and F of this series showed good overall agreement with the experimental data. This included good predictions of the temperature and product species in the neck region of Flame F which is dominated by local extinction effects. The model was also applied to determine the blow-out jet bulk velocity for this configuration which was found to be in reasonable agreement with what is available from the experiment. Through this blow-out assessment, three flame modes for this configuration are also identified beyond the Flame F condition. The flame dynamics of a highly oscillating flame mode just prior to blow-out were also investigated.
A software‐based x‐ray scatter correction method for breast tomosynthesis (2011)

Our software-based scatter correction algorithm exhibits great potential in improving the image quality of DBT acquisitions of both phantoms and patients. The proposed algorithm does not require a time-consuming MC simulation for each specific case to be corrected, making it applicable in the clinical realm.
The Effect of Intraocular Pressure on the Pupil Size (1970)

The effect of an acute elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) on the pupil was investigated. It was shown that pupillary dilation occurred when the IOP exceeded diastolic blood pressure and that the dilation was a local phenomenon not due to changes in iris-angle architecture. The pressure necessary to dilate the pupil was shown to coincide with that pressure necessary to inhibit the filling of iris vessels with India ink injected into the arterial system. Systemically administered epinephrine reconstricted a pupil dilated by increased IOP subsequent to the systemic vasopressor response. It was concluded that the pupillary dilation noted in this study and probably that in acute angle-closure glaucoma attacks is secondary to pressure inhibition of blood flow to the iris sphincter muscle.
Treating Chronic Hepatitis B: Today and Tomorrow (2006)

Three hundred and fifty million people worldwide are estimated to be chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. 15-40% of these subjects will develop cirrhosis, liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma during their life. The treatment of chronic hepatitis B has improved dramatically over the last decade thanks to the advent of nucleoside/nucleotide analogues and the use of pegylated interferons. However, these agents have increased the complexity of the management of hepatitis B. Five drugs have been approved for chronic hepatitis B treatment: standard interferon-alpha 2b, pegylated interferon-alpha 2a, lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, and entecavir. A definite course of standard or pegylated interferon is administered to induce hepatitis B virus clearance. Unfortunately, these agents are not effective in all patients and are associated with not negligible side effects. Nucleoside or nucleotide analogues that inhibit hepatitis B virus polymerase induce on-treatment suppression of viral replication but patients tend to relapse after cessation of treatment. Consequently, these analogues, which are well tolerated, should be used for prolonged periods, even indefinitely. However, prolonged treatment is associated with a high rate of resistance. The following anti-hepatitis B virus drugs are currently undergoing clinical testing: telbivudine, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, clevudine and thymosin-+/-1. Here we will examine the mechanism of action, efficacy, safety, tolerability and emergence of resistance of agents used to treat chronic hepatitis B. We shall also examine the potential of drugs now being tested and of combination treatment.
An Allosteric Activator of Glucokinase Impairs the Interaction of Glucokinase and Glucokinase Regulatory Protein and Regulates Glucose Metabolism (2006)

Glucokinase (GK) plays a key role in the control of blood glucose homeostasis. We identified a small molecule GK activator, compound A, that increased the glucose affinity and maximal velocity (V(max)) of GK. Compound A augmented insulin secretion from isolated rat islets and enhanced glucose utilization in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. In rat oral glucose tolerance tests, orally administrated compound A lowered plasma glucose elevation with a concomitant increase in plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen. In liver, GK activity is acutely controlled by its association to the glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP). In order to decipher the molecular aspects of how GK activator affects the shuttling of GK between nucleus and cytoplasm, the effect of compound A on GK-GKRP interaction was further investigated. Compound A increased the level of cytoplasmic GK in both isolated rat primary hepatocytes and the liver tissues from rats. Experiments in a cell-free system revealed that compound A interacted with glucose-bound free GK, thereby impairing the association of GK and GKRP. On the other hand, compound A did not bind to glucose-unbound GK or GKRP-associated GK. Furthermore, we found that glucose-dependent GK-GKRP interaction also required ATP. Given the combined prominent role of GK on insulin secretion and hepatic glucose metabolism where the GK-GKRP mechanism is involved, activation of GK has a new therapeutic potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Substituted peroxycarbamic acids as epoxidizing agents (1974)

J. Rebek, S. F. Wolf and A. B. Mossman, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1974, 711a DOI: 10.1039/C3974000711A
IRE-Bubble PCR: A Rapid Method for Efficient and Representative Amplification of Human Genomic DNA Sequences from Complex Sources (1994)

A significant issue in the analysis of any genomic DNA segment is the generation of a unique set of short single-copy sequences that are representative of that region. In this report we describe a novel technique, IRE-bubble PCR, which was designed to amplify the human DNA content of somatic cell hybrids, YACs, cosmids, and lambda phage and result in greater complexity and representation than standard inter-IRE PCR. Here we demonstrate that IRE-bubble PCR is species specific and that it results in the generation of a product that is at least 10-fold more complex and representative than that produced by standard inter-IRE PCR. In addition, we have addressed the factors that contribute to the representation of the IRE-bubble PCR product and show how they may be used to further increase the complexity of this reaction. Finally, we have illustrated how the complexity and distribution of products generated by IRE-bubble PCR can be exploited and applied to FISH mapping and "chromosome painting" as well as to the generation of STSs targeted to specific chromosomal or subchromosomal regions.
Filtering associated with selective sampling of geophysical data (1954)

Abstract Geophysical data are often subjected to a variety of selective sampling operations in order to render their interpretation easier. The filtering effects of a number of commonly employed selective sampling procedures are discussed in detail in this paper. Curves are given showing the frequency selectivity characteristics of several arithmetic sampling processes including simple averaging, successive differences, and residual curves and maps. Instrumental sampling such as geophone mixing and electric filtering is also considered. The equivalence of electric filtering to an arithmetic sampling process is pointed out and illustrated by an example. A recently developed statistical method of detecting seismic reflections is discussed as a sampling procedure, and curves are presented to show the filtering action for two special cases under restricted conditions.
Functional activity of protein S determined with use of protein C activated by venom activator. (1989)

A new screening procedure, an easy and specific assay for determining functional Protein S activity, has been developed, with use of Protein C activated by venom activator (Protac). Purified Protein C (100% amidolytic activity) was activated by venom activator (6 units/mL). To a mixture of 100 microL of Protein S-deficient plasma, 20 microL of sample plasma, 100 microL of cephalin (Actin), and 20 microL of activated Protein C we added 100 microL of 25 mmol/L CaCl2 solution and measured the clotting time with a KC 10 coagulometer. The functional Protein S activity correlated well with the concentrations of Protein S antigen measured by enzyme immunoassay and the Laurell rocket technique (r = 0.810 and 0.850, respectively) in normal subjects, patients with myocardial infarction undergoing warfarin therapy, and patients with liver cirrhosis.
Segmentation of anatomical structures from 3d brain mri using automatically-built statistical shape models (2005)

We propose a twofold method that first automatically builds a statistical shape model of anatomical 3D brain structures of interest, then uses this model for delineating structure contours onto any patient MRI. First of all, an estimated training set of shapes is inferred by registration of a 3D anatomical atlas over a set of brain MRIs, then automatically landmarked using the "Minimum Description Length" based method developed by Davies et al., (2002). A 3D "Point Distribution Model" is then established and used to constrain the delineation process. It is lead by a novel intensity model specifically developed to overcome the estimated nature of our training set in exploiting only local intensities.
Deconstrucción y bordes de la pintura en la obra de Jasper Johns (2013)

Se aborda el pensamiento filosófico de Jacques Derrida con su teoría de la “Deconstrucción”, tomando como paradigma la obra de Jasper Johns “Diana con moldes de yeso”, donde a través del análisis de obra, se reflexionará sobre la hipótesis generadora de Operaciones Deconstructivas llevadas al campo de la plástica en el arte contemporáneo.