gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
DETERMINING INDIVIDUAL PRESCHOOLERS' PREFERENCES IN A GROUP ARRANGEMENT (2008)

This study sought to determine the accuracy of an assessment format in which selection outcomes were delayed and probabilistic; these are unavoidable features of an assessment designed to determine preferences of multiple children simultaneously. During the single arrangement, preference hierarchies were established by having a child repeatedly select from among several foods and by sequentially restricting preferred items from the array. After being taught the associations between colored cards and the same food items, group assessments were conducted with 3 children simultaneously, in which each child chose a card and all children received the food correlated with a randomly selected card from those that had just been selected. The group assessment appeared to be accurate and perhaps more efficient for determining preferences; thus, we posit that this arrangement is suitable for determining context preferences of multiple children simultaneously.
Spatially resolved, in-situ measurements of the coercive force of thin film magnetic media (1989)

A method is presented for the nondestructive measurement of the coercive force of thin-film magnetic recording media. The technique involves the application of a precisely controlled erasing field to a previously written sequence of isolated magnetic transitions. Monitoring the playback response of the previously recorded pattern as a function of the erasing field permits an accurate estimate of the coercive force. The technique is applied in such a manner that coercive force variations along any radius can be measured.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fast plane extraction in 3D range data based on line segments (2011)

This paper describes a fast plane extraction algorithm for 3D range data. Taking advantage of the point neighborhood structure in data acquired from 3D sensors like range cameras, laser range finders and Microsoft Kinect, it divides the plane-segment extraction task into three steps. The first step is a 2D line segment extraction from raw sensor data, interpreted as 2D data, followed by a line segment based connected component search. The final step finds planes based on connected segment component sets. The first step inspects 2D sub spaces only, leading to a line segment representation of the 3D scan. Connected components of segments represent candidate sets of coplanar segments. Line segment representation and connected components vastly reduce the search space for the plane-extraction step. A region growing algorithm is utilized to find coplanar segments and their optimal (least square error) plane approximation. Region growing contains a fast plane update technique in its core, which combines sets of co-planar segments to form planar elements. Experiments are performed on real world data from different sensors.
Metagenomics and Its Applications in Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environmental Studies (2011)

Foreword Metagenomics: Methods & Challenges Towards a More Complete Metagenomics Toolkit Analyzing Metagenomic Data: Inferring Microbial Community Function with MG-RAST Automatic Annotation of Microbial Genomes & Metagenomic Sequences Next-Generation & Future DNA Sequencing Technologies & Metagenomics Comparison of De Novo Short Read Assemblers on Simulated Metagenomic Data Submetagenomics: Selective Sampling of Metagenomic Subsets of Interest Dynamics of the Rumen Microbiota Detection of Functional Shifts in the Rumen Microbiota in Response to Propionate Intake in Cattle Carbohydrate Actives Enzymes Derived from Metagenomes: From Microbial Ecology to Enzymology An Evolutionary Ecology Perspective on Comparative Metagenomics Interactions of the Gut Microbiota & its Host in the Context of Gastrointestinal & Metabolic Diseases Metagenomic Analysis of Human Gut Microbiota Emerging Relevance of Metagenomics in Medicine Metagenomic Gene Discovery Emerging Techniques for Metagenome Screening Viral Metagenomics: From Fish Slime to the World Exploration of a Microbial Community for Novel Genetic Resources using Activity-Based Screening of a Metagenomic Library Microbial Communities in Crude Petroleum Oils & Metagenomics Environmental Metaproteomics: Identifying the Protein Machinery that Impact the Activities & Interactions of Microbes in Isolation or Communities Index.
A Robust Method for Tracking Scene Text in Video Imagery (2005)

Text on planar surfaces in 3-D scenes in video imagery can undergo complex apparent motion and distortion as the surfaces move relative to the camera. Tracking such text and its motion through a contiguous sequence of video frames in which it is visible is desirable primarily for two reasons. First, reliable tracking of text enables the images of text persisting across multiple frames to be grouped, processed, and understood as a single unit. Second, text tracking aids the mapping of corresponding text and background pixels across multiple frames to enhance image quality and resolution before character recognition. Existing text tracking approaches, however, are limited to approximate pixel-based correspondences of adjacent frames without any explicit, rigorous modeling of 3-D scene geometry. To this end, we describe an approach that tracks planar regions of scene text that can undergo arbitrary 3-D rigid motion and scale changes. Our approach computes homographies on blocks of contiguous frames simultaneously using a combination of factorization and robust statistical methods. In spite of low resolution and noisy imagery, this approach produces a more accurate and stable motion estimate than existing methods using only two adjacent frames. In addition, our method is robust enough to tolerate imperfections in the spatial localization of text. Our results demonstrate that the mean offset pixel error of our tracker is as small as 1.1 pixels.
S100P, a novel Ca<sup>2+</sup> ‐binding protein from human placenta (1992)

A novel member of the S100 protein family, present in human placenta, has been characterized by protein sequencing, cDNA cloning, and analysis of Ca(2+)-binding properties. Since the placenta protein of 95 amino acid residues shares about 50% sequence identity with the brain S100 proteins alpha and beta, we proposed the name S100P. The cDNA was expressed in Escherichia coli and recombinant S100P was purified in high yield. S100P is a homodimer and has two functional EF hands/polypeptide chain. The low-affinity site (Kd = 800 microM), which, in analogy to S100 beta, seems to involve the N-terminal EF hand, can be followed by the Ca(2+)-dependent decrease in tyrosine fluorescence. The high-affinity site, provided by the C-terminal EF hand, influences the reactivity of the sole cysteine which is located in the C-terminal extension (Cys85). Binding to the high-affinity site (Kd = 1.6 microM) can be monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy of S100P labelled at Cys85 with 6-proprionyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene (Prodan). The Prodan fluorescence shows a Ca(2+)-dependent red shift of the maximum emission wavelength from 485 nm to 502 nm, which is accompanied by an approximately twofold loss in integrated fluorescence intensity. This indicates that Cys85 becomes more exposed to the solvent in Ca(2+)-bound S100P, making this region of the molecule, the so-called C-terminal extension, an ideal candidate for a putative Ca(2+)-dependent interaction with a cellular target. In p11, a different member of the S100 family, the C-terminal extension which contains a corresponding cysteine (Cys82 in p11), is involved in a Ca(2+)-independent complex formation with the protein ligand annexin II. The combined results support the hypothesis that S100 proteins interact in general with their targets after a Ca(2+)-dependent conformational change which involves hydrophobic residues of the C-terminal extension.
Phase diagram of oxygen chemisorbed on nickel (111) (1981)

The complete phase diagram of oxygen atoms chemisorbed on Ni(111) has been determined. The two-dimensional system is realized for oxygen coverages of 0.5 monolayers and temperatures 500 K. At higher coverages and temperatures oxygen is incorporated into the bulk. The structure of the oxygen overlayer was determined by low-energy electron diffraction and the coverage was monitored by Auger electron spectroscopy. Oxygen forms two structures with long-range order on this surface: a $p(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ phase in which the full coverage is 1/4 and a $(\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{3})R{30}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ structure with full coverage of $\frac{1}{3}$. These phases are separated in coverage by a poorly ordered transition phase. The $p(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ phase at full coverage ($\ensuremath{\theta}=0.25$) exhibits a continuous order-disorder transition at ${T}_{c}=440$ K. A tricritical point, corresponding to the intersection of boundaries of a disordered "gas" phase, a single-phase $p(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ region, and a mixed-phase region of $p(2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}2)$ islands surrounded by gas, was found at $\ensuremath{\theta}=0.21$, ${T}_{t}=300$ K. The $(\sqrt{3}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\sqrt{3})R{30}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ phase was observed at $\ensuremath{\theta}0.29$ and $T300$ K. This phase was characterized by a first-order discontinuous phase boundary. The work function increased smoothly with oxygen coverage.
Variable Selection: A Statistical Dependence Perspective (2010)

Measures of statistical dependence such as the correlation coefficient and mutual information have been widely used in variable selection. The use of correlation has been inspired by the concept of regression whereas the use of mutual information has been largely motivated by information theory. In a statistical sense, however, the concept of dependence is much broader, and extends beyond correlation and mutual information. In this paper, we explore the fundamental notion of statistical dependence in the context of variable selection. In particular, we discuss the properties of dependence as proposed by Rényi, and evaluate their significance in the variable selection context. We, also, explore a measure of dependence that satisfies most of these desired properties, and discuss its applicability as a substitute for correlation coefficient and mutual information. Finally, we compare these measures of dependence to select important variables for regression with real world data.
Uterine junctional zone contractions during assisted reproduction cycles. VIDEO (1998)

This study was designed to assess junctional zone contractions (JZ) during cycles of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer in oocyte donors exposed to a long protocol regime for ovarian stimulation. Real-time transvaginal ultrasound and advanced audio-visual and computer technology were used to evaluate the contraction pattern, frequency and velocity. At the time of down-regulation JZ contractions were not observed. After 7 days of superovulation all patients displayed cervico-fundal, fundo-cervical and random contractions. Cervico-fundal waves dominated the picture at the time of human chorionic gonadotrophin injection. However, the activity was strongest on the day of oocyte retrieval. At that time the percentage of opposing waves increased and fundo-cervical waves disappeared. The highest wave frequency and velocity (4.29+/-0.68 waves/min and 2.73+/-0.54 mm/s respectively) were observed at the time of oocyte retrieval. All patients had some JZ activity on days 2, 3 and 4 after oocyte retrieval but regular wave-like contractility gradually decreased and only single random movements were seen on day 4 after oocyte retrieval. In conclusion, JZ activity throughout the IVF cycle is more exaggerated when compared to the results reported from observations of the natural cycle but follows a similar pattern. This fact can probably be explained by the vastly different hormone levels. Higher JZ activity and correspondingly increased mobility of the endometrium may impair its receptivity and affect implantation.
Osmium‐Mediated Transformation of 4‐Thiouridine to Cytidine as Key To Study RNA Dynamics by Sequencing (2017)

To understand the functional roles of RNA in the cell, it is essential to elucidate the dynamics of their production, processing and decay. A recent method for assessing mRNA dynamics is metabolic labeling with 4-thiouridine (4sU), followed by thio-selective attachment of affinity tags. Detection of labeled transcripts by affinity purification and hybridization to microarrays or by deep sequencing then reveals RNA expression levels. Here, we present a novel sequencing method (TUC-seq) that eliminates affinity purification and allows for direct assessment of 4sU-labeled RNA. It employs an OsO<sub>4</sub> -mediated transformation to convert 4sU into cytosine. We exemplify the utility of the new method for verification of endogenous 4sU in tRNAs and for the detection of pulse-labeled mRNA of seven selected genes in mammalian cells to determine the relative abundance of the new transcripts. The results prove TUC-seq as a straight-forward and highly versatile method for studies of cellular RNA dynamics.
Susceptibility loci for distinct components of developmental dyslexia on chromosomes 6 and 15. (1997)

Six extended dyslexic families with at least four affected individuals were genotyped with markers in three chromosomal regions: 6p23-p21.3, 15pter-qter, and 16pter-qter. Five theoretically derived phenotypes were used in the linkage analyses: (1) phonological awareness; (2) phonological decoding; (3) rapid automatized naming; (4) single-word reading; and (5) discrepancy between intelligence and reading performance, an empirically derived, commonly used phenotype. Two-point and multipoint allele-sharing analyses of chromosome 6 markers revealed significant evidence (P < 10(-6)) for linkage of the phonological awareness phenotype to five adjacent markers (D6S109, D6S461, D6S299, D6S464, and D6S306). The least compelling results were obtained with single-word reading. In contrast, with chromosome 15 markers, a LOD score of 3.15 was obtained for marker D15S143 at theta = 0.0 with single-word reading. Multipoint analyses with markers adjacent to D15S143 (D15S126, D15S132, D15S214, and D15S128) were positive, but none reached acceptable significance levels. Chromosome 15 analyses with the phonological awareness phenotype were negative. Parametric and nonparametric linkage analyses with chromosome 16 markers were negative. The most intriguing aspect of the current findings is that two very distinct reading-related phenotypes, reflecting different levels in the hierarchy of reading-related skills, each contributing to different processes, appear to be linked to two different chromosomal regions.
Potential Gene Therapy Strategies for Cancer Stem Cells (2006)

To be maximally effective, therapy of cancer must be directed against both the resting stem cells and the proliferating cells of the cancer. The cell populations of both normal and cancer tissues consist of resting stem cells, proliferating transit-amplifying cells, terminally differentiating cells and dying (apoptotic) cells. The difference between normal tissue renewal and growth of cancers is that some of the transit-amplifying cells in the cancer population do not mature into terminally differentiating cells, but instead continue to proliferate and do not die (maturation arrest). Because of this the number of cancer cells increase, whereas the cell population of normal tissues remains a relatively constant. Conventional radiation treatment and chemotherapy kill the actively proliferating transit- amplifying cells of the cancer. Differentiation therapy, using specific targeted inhibitors of activation, effectively induces differentiation of the proliferating transit-amplifying cancer cells. However, even if the proliferating cancer cells are completely inhibited or eliminated, the cancer stem cells may restore the transit-amplifying population, so that clinical remission is usually temporary. The hypothesis presented in this paper is that successful cancer therapy must be directed against both the resting stem cells and the proliferating cells of the cancer. This may be possible if specific stem cell signals are inhibited using gene therapy, while at the same time attacking proliferating cells by conventional radiation treatment or chemotherapy. With advances in approaches using specific inhibitory RNA, such combination therapy may now be possible, but critical problems in delivering the inhibitory effect specifically to the cancer stem cells have yet to be worked out.
Thermal diffusivity measurements using linear relations from photothermal wave experiments (1994)

We present a methodology to retrieve the thermal diffusivity of bulk homogeneous samples based on a set of simple linear relations that exist between two measurable magnitudes in modulated photothermal experiments. The influence of the photothermal parameters involved (exciting beam radius and height and radius of the probe beam) is evaluated to assert the validity of the linear relations. Specifically, we discuss the thermoreflectance and mirage techniques and their more convenient use and method, depending on the kind of sample to analyze (solid, liquid, gas), to obtain the thermal diffusivity.
Antiangiogenic therapy with somatostatin receptor-mediated in situ radiation. (2001)

Tumor growth and the development of metastases require an angiogenic response. Angiogenic vessels uniquely express somatostatin subtype 2 (sst 2) receptors that can transport somatostatin or its analogs into the cell. We hypothesized that radiolabeled somatostatin analogs could inhibit the angiogenic response by selectively destroying proliferating endothelial cells. We evaluated the antiangiogenic effects of 111In-pentetreotide, an sst 2-preferring somatostatin analog in a human vessel model. Disks of human placental vein were embedded in fibrin gels in culture and observed for angiogenic sprouting for 14 days. Vein disks were treated with 111In-pentetreotide (1.5, 15, and 150 microCi/mL) on the day of implantation. Control groups included disks treated with nutrient medium alone, with 111In-chloride, and with unlabeled pentetreotide. The percentage of wells that initiated an angiogenic response and the overall length and density of neovessel sprouts were assessed on Day 14. 111In-pentetreotide treatment did not completely block initiation of the angiogenic response but significantly decreased the growth of neovessels after initiation. Both the receptor-specific Auger electron-induced and nonspecific gamma radiation-mediated effects contributed to the angiotoxicity.
Exploiting Interposer Technologies to Disintegrate and Reintegrate Multicore Processors (2016)

Silicon interposers enable the integration of multiple stacks of in-package memory to provide higher bandwidth or lower energy for memory accesses. Once the interposer has been paid for, there are new opportunities to exploit the interposer. In this article, the authors exploit the interposer to "disintegrate" a multicore CPU chip into smaller chips that collectively cost less to manufacture than a single large chip. They study the performance-cost tradeoffs of interposer-based, multichip, multicore systems and propose new interposer network-on-chip (NoC) organizations to mitigate the performance challenges while preserving the cost benefits. Although this article focuses on NoC support for disintegrated systems, it paves the way for a range of new research problems in interposer-based disintegrated systems.
The Impact Of The Global Financial Crisis On A European Frontier Market: The Case Of Bucharest Stock Exchange (2012)

The present paper tries to highligh the impact of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis on the Bucharest Stock Exchange. Bucharest Stock Exchange is a small frontier domestic capital market wich suffered a sever impact of the 2007-2009 global financial crisis in absolute values, similar with the impact of the 1997-1998 Asian crisis. While the Bucharest Stock Exchange tried to diversify its activity in the post- crisis period, a second wave of negative influences hit the market when the problems regarding sovereign debt of several EU member states surfaced in mid-2010. Bucharest Stock Exchange authorities should asses the institution's position within the CEE region and establish a strategy for afurther sustainable development which must combine, if possible, the advantages of an increased international exposure and the presence of international investors, with the core services a domestic capital market should offer in order to support the country's economic development.
OLAP databases and aggregation functions (2002)

Aggregation functions are a class of generic functions which must be usable in any database application. We characterize the case where the aggregation functions can be correctly applied on macrodata (data cube) which are computed on the microdata.
The Rise and Fall of Hyaluronan in Respiratory Diseases (2015)

In normal airways, hyaluronan (HA) matrices are primarily located within the airway submucosa, pulmonary vasculature walls, and, to a lesser extent, the alveoli. Following pulmonary injury, elevated levels of HA matrices accumulate in these regions, and in respiratory secretions, correlating with the extent of injury. Animal models have provided important insight into the role of HA in the onset of pulmonary injury and repair, generally indicating that the induction of HA synthesis is an early event typically preceding fibrosis. The HA that accumulates in inflamed airways is of a high molecular weight (>1600 kDa) but can be broken down into smaller fragments (<150 kDa) by inflammatory and disease-related mechanisms that have profound effects on HA pathobiology. During inflammation in the airways, HA is often covalently modified with heavy chains from inter-alpha-inhibitor via the enzyme tumor-necrosis-factor-stimulated-gene-6 (TSG-6) and this modification promotes the interaction of leukocytes with HA matrices at sites of inflammation. The clearance of HA and its return to normal levels is essential for the proper resolution of inflammation. These data portray HA matrices as an important component of normal airway physiology and illustrate its integral roles during tissue injury and repair among a variety of respiratory diseases.
Vertical and Directional Insertion of Helical Peptide into Lipid Bilayer Membrane (2007)

A novel helical hexadecapeptide carrying a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain at the N terminal was synthesized. The N and C terminals of the compound are labeled with a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) group and an N-ethylcarbazolyl group (ECz), respectively. An octapeptide carrying the same groups and a hexadecapeptide without a PEG chain were also synthesized and used as control. A mixture of the peptide and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine was sonicated in a buffer to prepare the liposome. The orientation as well as direction of the helical segment in the lipid bilayer were analyzed by quenching experiments of the FITC and the ECz fluorescence. The results clearly indicated that the helical segment of the peptide penetrated into the lipid bilayer with vertical orientation in both the gel and liquid crystalline states of the lipid bilayer. Notably, the bulky N terminal was left behind in the outer aqueous phase of liposome, meaning that the C terminal of the peptide points to the inner aqueous phase of liposome. The insertion mode of the helical peptide into a bilayer membrane is therefore well-regulated in terms of the orientation and the directionality by designing the balance between the PEG chain and the helix length. The methodology presented here will initiate a way to construct artificial functional molecular systems that can induce vectorial transport phenomena as seen in biological systems.