gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth charts for nose length, nasal protrusion, and philtrum length from birth to 97 years (2002)

Craniofacial measurements are an integral part in the evaluation of a dysmorphic patient. Since the clinical impression can be misleading, dysmorphic features should be validated by quantitative criteria wherever possible. Anthropometric measurements have been used in the characterization of many dysmorphic syndromes. However, data on normal craniofacial measurements is sparse and incomplete. In this study, we present normal values for nose size and philtrum length based on measurements on 2,500 healthy individuals of central European origin, ranging in age from zero to 97 years.
Effect of relatively strong light injection on the chirp-to-power ratio and the 3 dB bandwidth of directly modulated semiconductor lasers (1996)

This paper describes a theoretical study of the small-signal modulation behavior of an injection-locked semiconductor laser. Illustrative examples are given, shelling a comparison between the free-running laser and the same laser with light injection. The results show that a substantial reduction of the chirp-to-power ratio (CPR) can be obtained, depending on both the injection level and the frequency detuning between the master and slave lasers. The behavior of the intensity modulation responses is also investigated, with the modulation conditions chosen in the dynamically stable locking range. It appears that the injection-locked laser may present a larger resonance frequency or modulation bandwidth with respect to those of the same laser under free-running operation.
A low-cost wire-bonding package design with package built-in three-dimensional distributed matching circuit for over 5Gbps SerDes applications (2009)

The package built-in three-dimensional distributed matching circuit[1], which had been developed for FCBGA , has been extended to the low-cost wire-bonding packages. The two-metal layer package designed for 6.4 Gps SerDes (Serializer-Deserializer) achieved a ~4 dB return loss improvement as well as better signal waveform compared to the normal 50-Ohm design. In addition, signal-power coupling effect on the high-speed SerDes device has been analyzed for the first time based on the full-wave, full-3D, signal-power-combined electromagnetic analysis, which suggests that the power integrity design substantially affects the common mode noise generation inside the wire-bonding packages of high-speed SerDes devices.
Influence of Melatonin on the Sleep‐Independent Component of Prolactin Secretion (1990)

Sleep has a stimulatory effect on prolactin secretion. Recent studies in the human suggest the hypothesis that prolactin has also an endogenous sleep-independent rhythm, which can be influenced by endogenous melatonin. To investigate this hypothesis, the prolactin response to nighttime exposure to bright light was studied in eight women in detail. Light exposure induces a decrease in nocturnal melatonin secretion. It was demonstrated that exposure to bright light for 2 h at night caused a decrease in prolactin secretion, which surpassed significantly the decline one would expect by sleep deprivation only (P less than 0.01). This was associated with a similar decline in melatonin secretion. Fall and rise of prolactin secretion under these conditions were always preceded by decrease and rise in melatonin levels in all eight women studied. Based on these observations, it is concluded that melatonin is associated with an endogenous circadian component of prolactin secretion. As specific melatonin receptors have been identified in the human nucleus suprachiasmaticus, which is the "master" circadian pacemaker, the observed phenomenon might be mediated through this structure. An alternative explanation of our findings could be based on the fact that melatonin influences dopamine metabolism, which in turn alters prolactin secretion. It can also not be ruled out that melatonin might act via the opioid system, which then could affect prolactin secretion. The total secretory activity for both hormones (area under the curve) did not change under experimental conditions, when compared to a control group. This suggests that acute light exposure and sleep deprivation influence the secretory process rather than the synthesis of these two hormones. This is in agreement with the observation that changes in natural light exposure throughout the year do alter the amplitude, but not the total amount of melatonin secreted. Further studies are needed to answer the question of melatonin storage definitively, as it is commonly believed that melatonin is immediately released after synthesis. It is concluded that melatonin through its external modulator light might entrain the circadian sleep-independent component of prolactin secretion and via its action on prolactin could modulate reproductive processes.
Nanotechnology: Better Materials for All Implants (2007)

Nanotechnology is being used to mimic structural components of our tissues in synthetic materials intended for various implant applications. Recent studies have highlighted that when compared to flat or micron rough surfaces, surfaces with nanofeatures promote optimal initial protein interactions necessary to mediate cell adhesion and subsequent tissue regrowth. This has been demonstrated for a wide range of implant chemistries (from ceramics to metals to polymers) and for a wide range of tissues (including bone, vascular, cartilage, bladder, and the central and peripheral nervous system). Importantly, these results have been seen at the in vitro and in vivo level. This short review paper will cover some of the more significant advancements in creating better implants through nanotechnology efforts.
Design and implementation of multi-threaded object request broker (2002)

The distributed object oriented computing model is the next logical step to develop distributed applications. In recent years, several object models have been proposed, such as COM/DCOM, CORBA, and JAVA Bean etc. In CORBA, which was announced by OMG, object request broker is a software bus to connect applications and object components. In addition, multi threaded programming is a well known technique to improve the performance of applications. In a CORBA environment, clients can invoke the remote objects that are shared. If those objects are single threaded it will affect system performance in large distributed applications. We describe in detail the design and implementation of multi threaded object request broker based on CORBA. Our ORB was implemented atop Windows NT and underlying TCP protocol. Finally, we compare our system's performance with IONA's Orbix, which is a well known commercial product, in both one-way and two-way request.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) and layered double hydroxide composites: Thermal and mechanical properties (2010)

Abstract Nanocomposites of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with Mg‐Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were prepared with different compositions, viz., 2, 4, 6, and 8 wt %, of LDH, by solution‐intercalation method. The effect of LDH contents on thermal, physicomechanical, and morphological property of PVA films were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis reveals that LDH layers promote a new crystalline phase for PVA. The tensile analysis of PVA/LDH nanocomposites indicates reduction in tensile strength and modulus with change in LDH concentration and moisture. The microstructure analysis by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy demonstrates exfoliation and dispersion of LDHs in the PVA matrix in a disorderly fashion. The primary focus of the present investigation is to explore the potential of LDHs as nanofiller in a polyhydroxy polymer without surface modification. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Proteins involved in the activation and control of the two pathways of human complement (1983)

Conference Article| January 01 1983 Proteins involved in the activation and control of the two pathways of human complement KENNETH B. M. REID KENNETH B. M. REID 1M.R.C. Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1983) 11 (1): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110001 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation KENNETH B. M. REID; Proteins involved in the activation and control of the two pathways of human complement. Biochem Soc Trans 1 January 1983; 11 (1): 1–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0110001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM. immunoglobulins A, D, E, G and M; F(ab')2, N-terminal half of each of the heavy chains plus the two light chains, from the peptic digestion of IgG; Fd, N-terminal half of the heavy chain of IgG; Fc, C-terminal half of the heavy-chain dimer; the nomenclature of complement components is that recommended by the World Health Organisation (1968, 1981) This content is only available as a PDF. © 1983 Biochemical Society1983 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Segmentation of object surfaces using the Haar wavelet at multiple resolutions (2002)

The paper addresses the idea of using Haar wavelets to generate multiresolution versions of a binary object's surface and to determine the dominant points of that surface. Finding the dominant points is equivalent to segmenting the surface into its piecewise linear components. Two dimensional and three dimensional segmentation algorithms are described and segmentation results are presented for simple 2D and 3D objects. The performance of this approach is compared for the 2D case to two other established methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Experimentation with an adaptive noise-cancellation filter (1987)

The presence of noise in speech has severely adverse effects on speech produced by a low-bit-rate voice terminal. This paper describes an adaptive noise-cancellation filter that was designed to suppress the broad-band, nonstationary, and intense noise often encountered in military tracked vehicles, helicopters, and high-performance aircraft. This adaptive noise-cancellation filter was developed for real-time operation using a TMS32010 microprocessor. The filter was tested under various environmental conditions with a wide range of filter parameters. According to our measurements, it reduces the noise floor by 10 to 15 dB without degrading the voice quality.
The particle‐size distribution in wheat endosperm starch (1977)

Abstract Particle‐size distribution in samples of endosperm starch from six types of wheat was determined by microsieving. The size distribution of two of these samples and of six others was analysed automatically by the Coulter Counter and Quantimet. The results indicate that more than one‐third of the total weight of starch is contributed by granules with diameters less than 10 μm. This value exceeds, by a wide margin, the proportion generally attributed to granules of this size.
Study of Coeliac Trunk – Length and Its Branching Pattern (2013)

The coeliac trunk is a surgically significant artery of the abdomen which supplies the supracolic organs. Variations of these arteries are important from a surgical perspective. In the present study, the length of coeliac trunk and its branching pattern was noted in 50 embalmed human cadavers. The length of coeliac trunk was correlated with its branching pattern. The specimens were studied by dissection method at the Department of Anatomy, KIMS and other medical colleges in and around Bangalore. The maximum number of specimens of coeliac trunk had a length ranging from 1.3-1.8 cm which was observed in 20 (40%) specimens. 84% of the specimens studied showed trifurcation. Quadrifurcation was seen in 8%, pentafurcation in 6% and bifurcation in 2% specimens. A smaller length of coeliac trunk was associated with varying branching pattern. This knowledge of the varied branching patterns forms the basis for surgical and radiological procedures in the upper abdomen.
AB5075, a Highly Virulent Isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii, as a Model Strain for the Evaluation of Pathogenesis and Antimicrobial Treatments (2014)

The incidence of A. baumannii infections has increased over the last decade, and unfortunately, so has antibiotic resistance in this bacterial species. A. baumannii is now responsible for more than 10% of all hospital-acquired infections in the United States and has a >50% mortality rate in patients with sepsis and pneumonia. Most research on the pathogenicity of A. baumannii focused on isolates that are not truly representative of current multidrug-resistant strains isolated from patients. After screening of a panel of isolates in different in vitro and in vivo assays, the strain AB5075 was selected as more suitable for research because of its antibiotic resistance profile and increased virulence in animal models. Moreover, AB5075 is susceptible to tetracycline and hygromycin, which makes it amenable to genetic manipulation. Taken together, these traits make AB5075 a good candidate for use in studying virulence and pathogenicity of this species and testing novel antimicrobials.
Catalytic Sites for 3′ and 5′ Incision of Escherichia coli Nucleotide Excision Repair Are Both Located in UvrC (2000)

Nucleotide excision repair in Escherichia coli is a multistep process in which DNA damage is removed by incision of the DNA on both sides of the damage, followed by removal of the oligonucleotide containing the lesion. The two incision reactions take place in a complex of damaged DNA with UvrB and UvrC. It has been shown (Lin, J. -J., and Sancar, A. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 17688-17692) that the catalytic site for incision on the 5' side of the damage is located in the UvrC protein. Here we show that the catalytic site for incision on the 3' side is in this protein as well, because substitution R42A abolishes 3' incision, whereas formation of the UvrBC-DNA complex and the 5' incision reaction are unaffected. Arg(42) is part of a region that is homologous to the catalytic domain of the homing endonuclease I-TevI. We propose that the UvrC protein consists of two functional parts, with the N-terminal half for the 3' incision reaction and the C-terminal half containing all the determinants for the 5' incision reaction.
Using Measured pKa, LogP and Solubility to Investigate Supersaturation and Predict BCS Class (2008)

Ionization, lipophilicity and solubility have a profound influence on the transport properties of drug molecules. We will present an overview of why physicochemical properties are important, before discussing how the properties are related to each other. Findings are based on research in our own laboratories using our commercial instruments and software to measure the pKa, lipophilicity (LogP) and intrinsic solubility (LogS0) of 84 marketed ionizable drugs. In general, the most lipophilic molecules were the least soluble in water. Plots of LogP vs. LogS0 show results for these drugs clustered according to other properties, including melting point, number of H-bond donors and acceptors, ability to supersaturate, and BCS class. Molecules with high melting point tended to have a larger number of H-bond donors and acceptors, and to be less soluble than predicted from their LogP. Molecules with low melting point tended to have little H-bond donor capacity, and tended to be more soluble than predicted from their LogP. Molecules that could form supersaturated solutions tended to have higher melting points, and to be less soluble than predicted from their LogP. Molecules in BCS Classes I-III tended to cluster in different parts of the plot. It is proposed that comparing measured LogP and LogS0 of new molecules with these plots will facilitate a quick assessment of their likely BCS Class.
Versatile current-mode loser-take-all circuits for analog decoders (2002)

A new concept for finding the minimum between two variables is described in this paper. Two types of hardware implementation of the novel concept are presented in CMOS. The ease of adding and/or subtracting currents as compared to voltage summation is fully utilized to realize versatile current-mode minimum seeking circuits that could find application in analog decoders. The approach presented also has the potential of being extended in a highly modular architecture to find the minimum of an array of inputs in current-mode. The overall circuitry uses single and double output current mirrors as internal processing units connected between a 3.3 V power supply and could resolve a current difference of at least 1.5 /spl mu/A.
An undergraduate study of two transcription factors that promote lateral root formation (2014)

We present a lab that enables students to test the role of genes involved in the regulation of lateral roots growth in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, students design an experiment that follows the effects of the hormone auxin on the stimulation of genes involved in the formation of lateral root initials. These genes, known as lateral organ boundary domain containing protein (LBD) genes, are upregulated in the presence of auxin as part of a multistep molecular and biochemically controlled pathway. Depending on which LBD gene is tested, and the stage of root development, expression patterns are localized in a discrete and punctate fashion at the site of lateral root initials (LBD33), or reveal a broader localization pattern (LBD16). Students view expression using the reporter gene GUS (beta-glucuronidase). Before GUS staining, students view root growth in a "pseudo-aseptic" agar-based environment that allows complete visualization of whole root development to determine the proper stage to test molecular expression.
Flame rig testing of thermal barrier coatings and correlation with engine results (1985)

To minimize detrimental thermal stresses in high-performance aeroengines, attempts are made to protect hot components, e.g., combustion chambers, blades, vanes, etc., with plasma-sprayed zirconia coatings. In the present evaluation, the best coating material is first defined using an appropriate rig test. Two different types of test rig, one simulating mainly thermal fatigue stresses and the other centrifugal stresses, are described in detail. The results obtained in each rig with thermal barrier coatings of different chemical composition are also discussed. For the application of thermal barrier coatings in aeroengines, it is necessary to analyze the main stresses on the component to be coated. The paper uses a turbine vane and a blade as examples. In addition, another flame rig is presented which permits the simulation of stresses very similar to those in jet engines. The results of these tests are compared with the behavior of thermal barrier coatings on turbine blades and vane segments in a production-type engine.
A Mammalian Homolog of the Yeast LCB1 Encodes a Component of Serine Palmitoyltransferase, the Enzyme Catalyzing the First Step in Sphingolipid Synthesis (1997)

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT; EC 2.3.1.50) catalyzes the initial step dedicated to sphingolipid biosynthesis and is thought to be a key enzyme for regulating cellular sphingolipid content. For SPT activity, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires two genes, LCB1 and LCB2. We isolated mammalian LCB1 cDNA homologs from mouse and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and an LCB2 cDNA homolog from CHO cells. The mammalian LCB1 proteins are predicted to have about 35% amino acid identity to the yeast Lcb1 protein, whereas the CHO LCB2 protein is predicted to have about 40% amino acid identity to the yeast Lcb2 protein. Northern blot analysis of mRNA isolated from various mouse tissues revealed that the tissue distribution of both LCB1 and LCB2 messengers followed a similar pattern. Transfection of an SPT-defective CHO mutant strain with a CHO LCB1-expressing plasmid restored both SPT activity and de novo sphingolipid synthesis to the wild type levels, whereas transfection of the mutant strain with a CHO LCB2-expressing plasmid did not exhibit any recovery effects, indicating that the SPT defect in the mutant cells is specifically complemented by the CHO LCB1 homolog. Furthermore, when the SPT-defective mutant cells were transfected with a plasmid encoding a His6-tagged CHO LCB1 protein, SPT activity bound to a Ni2+-immobilized resin. These results indicate that the CHO LCB1 homolog encodes a component of SPT.
The TviA auxiliary protein renders the <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serotype Typhi RcsB regulon responsive to changes in osmolarity (2009)

In response to osmolarity, Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi) regulates genes required for Vi capsular antigen expression oppositely to those required for motility and invasion. Previous studies suggest that osmoregulation of motility, invasion and capsule expression is mediated through the RcsC/RcsD/RcsB phosphorelay system. Here we performed gene expression profiling and functional studies to determine the role of TviA, an auxiliary protein of the RcsB response regulator, in controlling virulence gene expression in S. Typhi. TviA repressed expression of genes encoding flagella and the invasion-associated type III secretion system (T3SS-1) through repression of the flagellar regulators flhDC and fliZ, resulting in reduced invasion, reduced motility and reduced expression of FliC. Both RcsB and TviA repressed expression of flhDC, but only TviA altered flhDC expression in response to osmolarity. Introduction of tviA into S. enterica serotype Typhimurium rendered flhDC transcription sensitive to changes in osmolarity. These data suggest that the auxiliary TviA protein integrates a new regulatory input into the RcsB regulon of S. Typhi, thereby altering expression of genes encoding flagella, the Vi antigen and T3SS-1 in response to osmolarity.
Efficient planar graph cuts with applications in Computer Vision (2009)

We present a fast graph cut algorithm for planar graphs. It is based on the graph theoretical work and leads to an efficient method that we apply on shape matching and image segmentation. In contrast to currently used methods in computer vision, the presented approach provides an upper bound for its runtime behavior that is almost linear. In particular, we are able to match two different planar shapes of N points in O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> log N) and segment a given image of N pixels in O(N log N). We present two experimental benchmark studies which demonstrate that the presented method is also in practice faster than previously proposed graph cut methods: On planar shape matching and image segmentation we observe a speed-up of an order of magnitude, depending on resolution.