gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design procedure for hydraulic backfill distribution systems (2001)

A wide range of materials are used in hydraulic backfilling operations and the pipeline flow behaviour of these mixtures varies considerably. It is shown that despite the large differences in constituent materials and flow behaviour, a common approach can be applied to analysing the flow of all hydraulic backfills. This is extended to include a rational design approach for backfill distribution systems. The use and limitations of pipe loop tests as a design aid is discussed. Backfill quality control is identified as a key area where improvement needs to be made to enhance the reliability of backfill system operation.
Importance of Data Quality in Virtual Metrology (2006)

The purpose of VM is to enable the manufacturers to conjecture the wafer quality and deduce the causes of defects without performing physical metrology. VM requires a large amount of sensor data retrieved from production tools. However, inappropriateness and instability of the data collection system, which leads to incorrectness, fragment and asynchrony of data collected, may lead to inaccurate conjecture results. Hence, not only precision of the VM conjecture module but also quality of the collected data are essential to ensure accurate and stable VM results for improving production yield. In this work, the importance of data quality to VM is investigated. The data quality mechanism is proposed for data characteristic analysis, data anomaly detection, data cleaning, data normalization, and data reduction. Besides, the equipment of semiconductor chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is adopted as a practical example to illustrate the significance of data quality mechanism, and further verify feasibility and effectiveness of VM
Self‐Assembling Peptide Polyelectrolyte β‐Sheet Complexes Form Nematic Hydrogels (2003)

Fibrillar networks built up from polyelectrolyte β-sheet complexes (see picture) are formed by spontaneous self-assembly when solutions of appropriately designed cationic and anionic oligopeptides are mixed. At the macroscopic level the resulting solutions are nematic hydrogels, which are quite robust to variations in pH or peptide concentration. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z52207_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Evaluation of a System for Automatic Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy From Color Fundus Photographs in a Large Population of Patients With Diabetes (2008)

We read with interest the recent article by Abramoff et al.(1) but were disappointed in their conclusion that automated grading software could not be recommended for clinical practice.

Our group's published work (2) shows that automated grading of diabetic retinopathy, based on image-quality assessment and microaneurysm detection, can safely reduce the burden of grading in diabetic retinopathy screening programs. Comparing manual and automated grading against a reference standard grading of 14,406 images (from 6,722 patients), we found that our automated system attained a higher sensitivity for detection of patients requiring “full disease” grading than the …
RaPiD: AI Accelerator for Ultra-low Precision Training and Inference (2021)

The growing prevalence and computational demands of Artificial Intelligence (AI) workloads has led to widespread use of hardware accelerators in their execution. Scaling the performance of AI accelerators across generations is pivotal to their success in commercial deployments. The intrinsic error-resilient nature of AI workloads present a unique opportunity for performance/energy improvement through precision scaling. Motivated by the recent algorithmic advances in precision scaling for inference and training, we designed RaPiD <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> , a 4-core AI accelerator chip supporting a spectrum of precisions, namely, 16 and 8-bit floating-point and 4 and 2-bit fixed-point. The 36mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> RaPiD chip fabricated in 7nm EUV technology delivers a peak 3.5 TFLOPS/W in HFP8 mode and 16.5 TOPS/W in INT4 mode at nominal voltage. Using a performance model calibrated to within 1% of the measurement results, we evaluated DNN inference using 4-bit fixed-point representation for a 4-core 1 RaPiD chip system and DNN training using 8-bit floating point representation for a 768 TFLOPs AI system comprising 4 32-core RaPiD chips. Our results show INT4 inference for batch size of 1 achieves 3 - 13.5 (average 7) TOPS/W and FP8 training for a mini-batch of 512 achieves a sustained 102 - 588 (average 203) TFLOPS across a wide range of applications.
Airborne Measurements of Optical Atmospheric Properties, Summary and Review III. (1978)

Abstract : This report summarizes a three year period devoted primarily to collection and evaluation of optical atmospheric data describing the western European environment. Five field expeditions were made between April 1976 and September 1978. They were conducted as a cooperative, but independent effort associated with the NATO Research Study Group 8 of Panel IV, AC243 and their Program OPAQUE. Measurements were made in six representative geographical areas during each of the four seasons, Summer, Fall, Winter and Spring. Optical measurements were made in four regions within the visual spectrum as follows: two moderately narrow bands having mean wavelengths of 478 and 664 nanometers, one slightly wider band at 765 nanometers and one relatively broad band representing the photopic response having a mean wavelength of 557 nanometers. The daytime optical measurements included total volume scattering coefficient, sky and terrain radiances, and both upwelling and downwelling irradiances. Simultaneous meteorological measurements included temperature, dewpoint temperature and atmospheric pressure. The optical atmospheric properties derived from these data and presented in reports typified by AFGL-TR-76-0188 and AFGL-TR-78-0168 are reviewd as are their methods of derivation and validation. The methods of data collection and processing are summarized and reviewed as is the overall resulting data bank. Examples related to the use of the data are included as well as recommendations for further data study and interpretation. (Author)
Deposition of cadmium sulfide films by decomposition of thiourea in basic solutions (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeposition of cadmium sulfide films by decomposition of thiourea in basic solutionsPeter C. Rieke and Susan B. BentjenCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 1, 43–53Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00025a012https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00025a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1255Altmetric-Citations119LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Deep Neural Network Method for Automatic Modulation Recognition in OFDM with Index Modulation (2019)

Automatic modulation recognition (AMR) plays an indispensable role in many fields, such as cognitive radio, spectrum sensing, non-cooperative link adaptation, and other civilian and military fields. OFDM-IM is an innovative OFDM-based scheme which has better bit error performance than classical OFDM scheme especially in high mobility cases. Different from OFDM, the modulation parameters include both M-ary signal constellations and indices of the subcarriers in OFDM- IM scheme. In this paper, we studied a deep neural network (DNN) based AMR method in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) scheme.
Real-time communication in multi-hop networks (2002)

A scheme is developed for providing predictable interprocess communication in real-time systems with (partially connected) point-to-point interconnection networks, which provides guarantees on the maximum delivery time for messages. This scheme is based on the concept of a real-time channel, a unidirectional connection between source and destination. A real-time channel has parameters which describe the performance requirements of the source-destination communication, e.g., from a sensor station to a control site. Methods to compute guarantees for the delivery time of messages belonging to real-time channels are examined. Problems associated with allocating buffers for these messages are addressed, and a scheme which preserves delivery time guarantees is developed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Surface cleaning of GaAs by <i>in</i> <i>situ</i> chemical beam etching (1994)

Chemical beam etching using AsCl3 has been shown to provide accurate etch rate control at the atomic level, mask feature transfer at submicron scale, and a clean damage-free surface for regrowth. The etching process can be maintained in a two-dimensional fashion, if the etching conditions are designed to enable efficient cation diffusion that smooths the microroughness. In this work, we show from etching the heavily Be-doped GaAs surface that the in situ etching prior to growth is potentially a useful method for etch cleaning the surface. However, the effectiveness of this method depends on the ability to form volatile species with the contaminant in competition with the formation of group III chloride.
Magnetic Alignment of Nanowires (2005)

Spatial manipulation and ability to assemble and position nanostructures in a controlled manner so they are registered to lithographically defined contacts is a critical step toward scalable integration in high-density nanodevices. By integrating ferromagnetic ends on nanostructures and using the magnetic interaction between ferromagnetic ends and electrodes, we demonstrated assembling, positioning, and spatial manipulating of nanostructures on ferromagnetic contacts. Segmented nickel/gold/nickel (Ni/Au/Ni) and nickel/bismuth/nickel (Ni/Bi/Ni) nanowires with controlled dimensions were fabricated by template-directed electrodeposition. One hundred percent magnetic alignment of nanostructures to the imposed magnetic fields was achieved by applying a low external magnetic field of 200 Oe. In addition, directional controllability of the magnetic assembling technique was demonstrated by assembling nanostructures with angles from 45° to 135° with respect to the electrodes. This magnetic assembly technique was shown to have potential for high-density interconnects without registration and individually addressable nanostructures with the use of different substrate architectures for two-dimensional control of nanostructures placement.
Scratchpad (1998)

Current navigation mechanisms for the World Wide Web promote a depth-first search for information on pages in hyperspace. This search strategy frequently results in the unintentional and often undesirable behavior of "web surfing"a user starts off in search of some information, but is sidetracked by tangential links. We propose a set of mechanisms based on breadth-first traversal that are better suited for directed searching. We have implemented our ideas as a scratchpad by augmenting an existing browser. Such a system makes web navigation both faster and easier.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ablation of elovl2 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) inhibits elongation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and induces Srebp-1 and target genes (2019)

Atlantic salmon can synthesize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3), arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) via activities of very long chain fatty acyl elongases (Elovls) and fatty acyl desaturases (Fads), albeit to a limited degree. Understanding molecular mechanisms of PUFA biosynthesis and regulation is a pre-requisite for sustainable use of vegetable oils in aquafeeds as current sources of fish oils are unable to meet increasing demands for omega-3 PUFAs. By generating CRISPR-mediated elovl2 partial knockout (KO), we have shown that elovl2 is crucial for multi-tissue synthesis of 22:6n-3 in vivo and that endogenously synthesized PUFAs are important for transcriptional regulation of lipogenic genes in Atlantic salmon. The elovl2-KOs showed reduced levels of 22:6n-3 and accumulation of 20:5n-3 and docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) in the liver, brain and white muscle, suggesting inhibition of elongation. Additionally, elovl2-KO salmon showed accumulation of 20:4n-6 in brain and white muscle. The impaired synthesis of 22:6n-3 induced hepatic expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (srebp-1), fatty acid synthase-b, Δ6fad-a, Δ5fad and elovl5. Our study demonstrates key roles of elovl2 at two penultimate steps of PUFA synthesis in vivo and suggests Srebp-1 as a main regulator of endogenous PUFA synthesis in Atlantic salmon.
GENIA corpus—a semantically annotated corpus for bio-textmining (2003)

GENIA corpus version 3.0 consisting of 2000 MEDLINE abstracts has been released with more than 400,000 words and almost 100,000 annotations for biological terms.
Approaches to differential reaction-rate methods. Plenary lecture (1990)

Multi-component analysis is one of the main objectives of modern analytical chemistry. Differential reaction-rate methods are a useful alternative to the sequential or simultaneous resolution of mixtures of closely related species without their prior separation. The automatic and computerised instrumentation currently available, together with novel mathematical treatments and experimental methodologies, has turned these methods, formerly of purely theoretical interest, into practical tools for routine analyses.
Technology Trial Review: Selective Coiled Tubing Re-Entry of Two Open Hole Multilateral Wells Using Intelligent Electromechanical Arm (2016)

Abstract A maximum reservoir contact (MRC) well, by definition, is a single or a multilateral horizontal well with more than five km of total contact with the reservoir rock. Planning of these wells requires extensive modeling studies to optimize total length, placement and configuration of branches. The main objective behind the MRC well concept was to improve individual well productivity and hence reduce the unit development cost and to better develop hydrocarbon assets. In fact, oil fields developed using MRC wells shows significant improvements in those wells performance in terms of increased PI, lower drawdown, and significantly delaying water and gas conning. A major challenge that faces production engineers in their daily operations is identifying and accessing laterals windows in those MRC multilateral wells, in order to preform rigless downhole sensing and intervention jobs (logging, stimulation, etc.). This challenge varies in difficulty based on the technology advancement of multilaterals (TAML) level, for example in TAML level 2 wells (cased mainbore) metal logging tools such as casing collar locator can be used to identify and confirm the access of laterals, while this of course is not an option in TAML Level 1 multilateral wells (open hole mainbore and lateral). Another reason selective re-entry of TAML Level 1 is considered very difficult is due to the shape and quality of the wellbore near the junction (window), post drilling and after distortion of hydrocarbon flow. This paper presents an intelligent electromechanical tool, jointly developed to address this issue. The tool consists of a sensing package that can identify and locate the depth and orientation of the lateral window using US and EM sensors, and an electromechanical arm that can be easily rotated and actuated with a wide range of angle, to lead and steer the bottom-hole assembly into the required lateral. This paper also presents the discoveries, challenges, and results of testing this intelligent tool in two TAML Level 1 multilateral oil producers, one fishbone well with a mainbore and six open hole laterals branching from it (shut in conditions) (Mohannad Abdelaziz, 2016), and the other is an open hole well mainbore with a lateral branching from it (shut in, flowing conditions). In Both trials the tool was successfully used to guide a production logging tool into different wells laterals.
Next Generation Multicuts for Semi-Planar Graphs (2015)

We study the problem of multicut segmentation. We introduce modified versions of the Semi-PlanarCC based on bounding Lagrange multipliers. We apply our work to natural image segmentation.
Nickel(I) Location and Adsorbate Interactions in Nickel(II)-Exchanged Silicoaluminophosphate Type 5 As Determined by Electron Spin Resonance and Electron Spin Echo Modulation Spectroscopies (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNickel(I) Location and Adsorbate Interactions in Nickel(II)-Exchanged Silicoaluminophosphate Type 5 As Determined by Electron Spin Resonance and Electron Spin Echo Modulation SpectroscopiesNaoto Azuma, Martin Hartmann, and Larry KevanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 17, 6670–6676Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100017a058https://doi.org/10.1021/j100017a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Review on trajectory similarity measures (2015)

The availability of devices that can be used to track moving objects has increased dramatically leading to a great growth in movement data from almost every application domain. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in proposing new methodologies for indexing, classifying, clustering, querying and measuring similarity between moving objects' data. One of the main functions for a wide range of application domains is to measure the similarity between two moving objects' trajectories. In this paper, we present a comparative study between widely used trajectory similarity measures observing the advantages and disadvantages of these measures.
<b>The</b><i><b>Arabidopsis HAL2</b></i><b>‐like gene family includes a novel sodium‐sensitive phosphatase</b> (1999)

The yeast HAL2 gene encodes a lithium- and sodium-sensitive phosphatase that hydrolyses 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate (PAP). Salt toxicity in yeast results from Hal2 inhibition and accumulation of PAP, which inhibits sulphate assimilation and RNA processing. We have investigated whether the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana contains sodium-sensitive PAP phosphatases. The Arabidopsis HAL2-like gene family is composed of three members: AtAHL and AtSAL2, characterized in the present work, and the previously identified AtSAL1. The AtAHL and AtSAL2 cDNAs complement the auxotrophy for methionine of the yeast hal2 mutant and the recombinant proteins catalyse the conversion of PAP to AMP in a Mg(2+)-dependent reaction sensitive to inhibition by Ca2+ and Li+. The PAP phosphatase activity of AtAHL is sensitive to physiological concentrations of Na+, whereas the activities of AtSAL1 and AtSAL2 are not. Another important difference is that AtAHL is very specific for PAP while AtSAL1 and AtSAL2 also act as inositol polyphosphate 1-phosphatases. AtAHL constitutes a novel type of sodium-sensitive PAP phosphatase which could act co-ordinately with plant sulphotransferases and serve as target of salt toxicity in plants.
Mutations in a Highly Conserved Region of the Arf1p Activator <i>GEA2</i> Block Anterograde Golgi Transport but Not COPI Recruitment to Membranes (2005)

We have identified an important functional region of the yeast Arf1 activator Gea2p upstream of the catalytic Sec7 domain and characterized a set of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants with amino acid substitutions in this region. These gea2-ts mutants block or slow transport of proteins traversing the secretory pathway at exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the early Golgi, and accumulate both ER and early Golgi membranes. No defects in two types of retrograde trafficking/sorting assays were observed. We find that a substantial amount of COPI is associated with Golgi membranes in the gea2-ts mutants, even after prolonged incubation at the nonpermissive temperature. COPI in these mutants is released from Golgi membranes by brefeldin A, a drug that binds directly to Gea2p and blocks Arf1 activation. Our results demonstrate that COPI function in sorting of at least three retrograde cargo proteins within the Golgi is not perturbed in these mutants, but that forward transport is severely inhibited. Hence this region of Gea2p upstream of the Sec7 domain plays a role in anterograde transport that is independent of its role in recruiting COPI for retrograde transport, at least of a subset of Golgi-ER cargo.