gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anticytokeratins are a potential source of false-positive indirect immunofluorescence assays for C-ANCA (1998)

Antibodies to neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA) targeted toward granule enzymes have been recognized as a valuable diagnostic tool in the detection of Wegener's granulomatosis and systemic vasculitides. However, the most commonly used method of detection, the indirect immunofluorescence assay, is prone to false-positive results due to antibodies of different pathological significance either targeted to, or cross-reacting with, similarly distributed epitopes. Using double immunofluorescence, the present study demonstrates that anticytokeratin antibodies are able to produce false-positive C-ANCA immunofluorescence assays. In addition, a case of natural appearance of cytokeratin-reactive antibodies causing a false-positive "pseudo-ANCA" staining pattern in a patient presenting with sepsis is reported. Since the expression of cytokeratins is almost exclusively confined to epithelial cells, the most plausible explanation for both phenomena is a crossreaction of anticytokeratin antibodies with granule associated epitopes. Due to the natural appearance of anticytokeratin antibodies in association with a variety of other pathologic entities, it is of crucial importance for the diagnostic significance of the C-ANCA immunofluorescence assay to exclude anticytokeratin caused false-positive results. It is shown that supplementary indirect immunofluorescence tests performed on cultured human epithelial cells readily distinguish anticytokeratin caused "pseudo-ANCA" from true C-ANCA.
Non-collinear high harmonic generation: a promising outcoupling method for cavity-assisted XUV generation (2008)

We present first experimental results of our investigation of non-collinear high harmonic generation (NCHHG) with a chirped pulse amplification system. Collimated high harmonic radiation of higher than 9th order is observed along the bisector of two fundamental beams crossing in a xenon gas target. The obtained results show that cavity-assisted non-collinear high harmonic generation is a promising candidate for efficient generation and outcoupling of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation.
Interactive multimedia summaries of evaluative text (2006)

We present an interactive multimedia interface for automatically summarizing large corpora of evaluative text (e.g. online product reviews). We rely on existing techniques for extracting knowledge from the corpora but present a novel approach for conveying that knowledge to the user. Our system presents the extracted knowledge in a hierarchical visualization mode as well as in a natural language summary. We propose a method for reasoning about the extracted knowledge so that the natural language summary can include only the most important information from the corpus. Our approach is interactive in that it allows the user to explore in the original dataset through intuitive visual and textual methods. Results of a formative evaluation of our interface show general satisfaction among users with our approach.
Development and evaluation of an in-house multimedia desktop conference system (1990)

An in-house computer-supported desk-to-desk conference system that allows a group of users to conduct a meeting in real time from their telephone-attached personal computers is described. Participants can jointly view and edit relevant multimedia information, including text, graphics, images, and handwritten information distributed through a local area network. Participants can also simultaneously communicate by voice to discuss the information they are sharing. The system's design principle, i.e. the group communication architecture, and the protocol for conference coordination are discussed. The system configuration, service functions, and related control mechanisms are presented. User experiences and the results of feasibility evaluations are examined. The system has proved to be applicable to a wide variety of cooperative work, such as distributed software development, joint authoring, and group decision support.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Prediction of the Performance of Lead Acid Battery During Dynamic Mode (2007)

Abstract not Available.
A quality assurance framework for the fully automated and objective evaluation of image quality in cone‐beam computed tomography (2014)

The proposed framework transfers QA routines employed in conventional CT in an advanced version to CBCT for fully automated and time-efficient evaluation of technical equipment. With the modular phantom design, a routine as well as an expert version for assessing IQ is provided. The QA program can be used for arbitrary CT units to evaluate 3D imaging characteristics automatically.
Analysis of dynamic fracture behavior using 4D seismic data (2009)

This paper presents a new methodology for analysing dynamic behaviour of fractures or fracture systems from time lapse seismic data (Savary‐Sismondini et al., 2008). It is previously demonstrated how a static fracture pattern can be analysed using discontinuity enhancing seismic attributes in combination with feature extraction algorithms (Pedersen et al., 2002, Skov et al., 2003). In this work we extend the methodology by also studying the dynamic behaviour of fracture signatures in seismic data. The dynamic evolution of the seismic signature of the fractures is studied by applying a statistical analysis to quantities describing the fracture population, e.g. size and orientation. This is an aspect of time lapse seismic studies that has until now been unexploited.
Removal force of cast copings to abutments with three luting agents (2015)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the removal force of cast copings over abutments cemented with 3 dental cements. Methods: The experiment used 36 abutments divided into six groups (n = 6) Cast copings with CeraOne cemented with zinc oxide-free eugenol; with glass ionomer; with zinc phosphate and solid 5-mm-high abutments cemented with the same cements wax loops (3 mm in diameter) were made and added to the occlusal surface to allow for tensile testing, and the copings were cast in cobalt-chromium alloy using the lost wax method. The copings were sandblasted with 50-μm aluminum oxide particles to prevent irregularities and cleaned with acetone. The copings were cemented with a 49-N load for 10 min. Subsequently, they were separated with a universal testing machine (Tensometer; Monsanto) at a rate of 5 mm/min until the detachment. The effects of cement and abutment type were evaluated using the means and standard deviations of the loads and were analyzed with ANOVA and the Tukey test (α =0.05). Results: The abutments with a height of 5.5 mm had a statistically significant (P < 0.001) higher tensile strength with a mean of 84.60 N (±8.82) than that of the CeraOne abutments with an average of 36.09 N (±11.66) when cemented with zinc oxide.Conclusions: We conclude that the type of cement and abutment can significantly influence the retention of implant-supported crowns. The results do not suggest that any one type of cement is better than another, but they rank cements in order of retention capacity. Zinc phosphate provided the greatest retention while the eugenol-free zinc oxide provided the least (P < 0.001).
Amine-reactive OVA multimers for auto-vaccination against cytokines and other mediators: perspectives illustrated for GCP-2 in<i>L. major</i>infection (2011)

Anticytokine auto-vaccination is a powerful tool for the study of cytokine functions in vivo but has remained rather esoteric as a result of numerous technical difficulties. We here describe a two-step procedure based on the use of OVA multimers purified by size exclusion chromatography after incubation with glutaraldehyde at pH 6. When such polymers are incubated with a target protein at pH 8.5 to deprotonate reactive amines, complexes are formed that confer immunogenicity to self-antigens. The chemokine GCP-2/CXCL6, the cytokines GM-CSF, IL-17F, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-27, and TGF-β1, and the MMP-9/gelatinase B are discussed as examples. mAb, derived from such immunized mice, have obvious advantages for in vivo studies of the target proteins. Using a mAb against GCP-2, obtained by the method described here, we provide the first demonstration of the major role played by this chemokine in rapid neutrophil mobilization after Leishmania major infection. Pre-activated OVA multimers reactive with amine residues thus provide an efficient carrier for auto-vaccination against 9-90 kDa autologous proteins.
Constant Envelope Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Phase Modulation for Radar Pulse Compression (2007)

Constant envelope orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CE-OFDM) is evaluated as a potential wideband radar pulse compression modulation using ambiguity function analysis.
Requirements for graphoepitaxial alignment through solid-state dewetting of Au films (2011)

Graphoepitaxial alignment of Au particles through solid-state dewetting of gold films on substrates patterned with topographic features has been demonstrated. Gold films were dewetted on surfaces with a diperiodic array of pits with inverted pyramidal shapes. Under specific conditions, films dewet to form a periodic array of monodisperse particles in the pits. Thick films pull out of the pits rather than dewet into the pits. While particles that form on flat surfaces or between the pits have a (111) out-of-plane texture and random in-plane orientation, particles in pits have (100) out-of plane texture and in-plane alignments such that Au (111) planes are parallel with the facets of the pits. Requirements for relative geometric characteristics of the pits and the film thickness, and requirements on surface-energy anisotropy, are defined for formation of monodisperse graphoepitaxially-aligned particles.
Spectral Theory for Dynamics on Graphs Containing Attractive and Repulsive Interactions (2014)

Many applied problems can be posed as a dynamical system defined on a network with attractive and repulsive interactions. Examples include synchronization of nonlinear oscillator networks; the behavior of groups, or cliques, in social networks; and the study of optimal convergence for consensus algorithm. It is important to determine the index of a matrix, i.e., the number of positive and negative eigenvalues, and the dimension of the kernel. In this paper we consider the common examples where the matrix takes the form of a signed graph Laplacian. We show that the there are topological constraints on the index of the Laplacian matrix related to the dimension of a certain homology group. When the homology group is trivial, the index of the operator is determined only by the topology of the network and is independent of the strengths of the interactions. In general, these constraints give bounds on the number of positive and negative eigenvalues, with the dimension of the homology group counting the number of eigenvalue crossings. The homology group also gives a natural decomposition of the dynamics into “fixed” degrees of freedom, whose index does not depend on the edge weights, and an orthogonal set of “free” degrees of freedom, whose index changes as the edge weights change. We also explore the spectrum of the Laplacians of signed random matrices.
The effects of vibration loading on adipose stem cell number, viability and differentiation towards bone-forming cells (2011)

Mechanical stimulation is an essential factor affecting the metabolism of bone cells and their precursors. We hypothesized that vibration loading would stimulate differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) towards bone-forming cells and simultaneously inhibit differentiation towards fat tissue. We developed a vibration-loading device that produces 3g peak acceleration at frequencies of 50 and 100 Hz to cells cultured on well plates. hASCs were cultured using either basal medium (BM), osteogenic medium (OM) or adipogenic medium (AM), and subjected to vibration loading for 3 h d(-1) for 1, 7 and 14 day. Osteogenesis, i.e. differentiation of hASCs towards bone-forming cells, was analysed using markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen production and mineralization. Both 50 and 100 Hz vibration frequencies induced significantly increased ALP activity and collagen production of hASCs compared with the static control at 14 day in OM. A similar trend was detected for mineralization, but the increase was not statistically significant. Furthermore, vibration loading inhibited adipocyte differentiation of hASCs. Vibration did not affect cell number or viability. These findings suggest that osteogenic culture conditions amplify the stimulatory effect of vibration loading on differentiation of hASCs towards bone-forming cells.
Computerized tomography in the quantitative assessment of tumour response. (1980)

While Computerized Tomographic (CT) scans have been a valuable asset to radiotherapy treatment planning, their role in the critical assessment of tumour response has been less well defined. Recent refinements in radiotherapy treatment techniques have intensified the need for non-invasive methods to evaluate the local control of inaccessible neoplasms. In this study, 20 cases in which both pre- and post-treatment CT scans were available up to 27 months post-therapy were reviewed. The majority of the patients had pancreatic carcinoma. In both pre- and post-therapy scans, the tumour volume was calculated from contours outlined on sequential CT slices. These interpretations were compared with surgical findings, clinical course and patient survival. The rate of the primary tumour regression had little bearing on the clinical outcome. However, there was CT scan evidence of initial local tumour stabilization or regression in > 80% of the cases. In addition, CT scan evidence of tumour progression was correlated with clinical progression in > 90% of the patients. This suggests that a growth delay analysis might be possible with the use of CT scans, at least for the evaluation of pancreatic carcinoma.
Defining Statistical Timing Sensitivity for Logic Circuits With Large-Scale Process and Environmental Variations (2008)

The large-scale process and environmental variations for today's nanoscale ICs require statistical approaches for timing analysis and optimization. In this paper, we demonstrate why the traditional concept of slack and critical path becomes ineffective under large-scale variations and propose a novel sensitivity framework to assess the ldquocriticalityrdquo of every path, arc, and node in a statistical timing graph. We theoretically prove that the path sensitivity is exactly equal to the probability that a path is critical and that the arc (or node) sensitivity is exactly equal to the probability that an arc (or a node) sits on the critical path. An efficient algorithm with incremental analysis capability is developed for fast sensitivity computation that has linear runtime complexity in circuit size. The efficacy of the proposed sensitivity analysis is demonstrated on both standard benchmark circuits and large industrial examples.
Characterization of the <i>NHA1</i> gene encoding a Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup>‐antiporter of the yeast <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1996)

The NHA1 gene (2958 nt) encoding a putative Na(+)/H(+) antiporter (986 aa) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned by selection based on increased NaCl tolerance. The putative protein is highly similar to sodium/proton antiporters from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (gene sod2), and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii (gene Z-SOD2). Overexpression of the NHA1 gene results in higher and partially pH-dependent tolerance to sodium and lithium; its disruption leads to an increased sensitivity towards these ions.
<title>High-speed data recording system based on optical disk array</title> (1998)

In this paper, a high speed data recording system based on optical disk array is presented on the basis of careful analyses of the techniques to improve the data recording speed of the commercial optical drives. An ultra high speed and mass storage capacity are achieved in this system. Flexibility and portability are also gained by the design.
METABOLIC FATE OF DISULFIRAM (1981)

Before the 194Os, it was known that exposure to certain organic sulfur compounds including carbon disulfide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, and tetraethylthiuram monosulfide produced unpleasant reactions upon coinci­ dent ingestion of ethanol (1). Tetraethylthiuram disulfide [disulfiram (DS)] was first produced in 1881 and was used in the rubber industry to accelerate the vulcanization of rubber (2). In the 1930s, this substance was introduced into medicine as a scabiescide (3). Disulfiram was found to be toxic to lower forms of life utilizing copper-containing respiratory. enzymes. Its effective­ ness appeared to be directly related to its affinity to chelate copper. Intesti­ nal worms were especially sensitive to this compound and hence DS was introduced as a vermicide. By chance, Hald & Jacobsen (4) ingested ethyl alcohol after they had ingested DS and promptly noticed a peculiar and highly disagreeable reaction. Based upon this ethyl alcohol-DS interaction, DS was proposed for the prophylaxis of chronic alcoholism (5). A new concept was then proposed that the patient taking DS chronically would not concomitantly ingest alcohol for fear of this disagreeable reaction. Most studies of disulfiram, especially those reported two and a half decades after DS was introduced into treatment of alcoholism, were inade­ quately designed and commonly lacked proper control populations. Stasti­ cal analysis of the data derived from the clinical studies as well as accurate and sensitive methods for determining DS and its metabolites in body fluids were not ideal in those early years of investigation. Varying rates of im­ provement in alcoholics using DS, between 19-83%, have been reported
Metal-insulator-metal devices with carbonaceous current paths (1990)

The graphite-like nature of the current paths in metal-insulator-metal devices has recently been identified by tunnelling spectroscopy and noise measurements. This and its consequences reveal a better understanding of the properties of electro-formed metal-insulator-metal diodes.
Synthesis of (+)-Ambrisentan via Chiral Ketone-Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation (2011)

The synthesis of optically pure (+)-ambrisentan has been achieved from 3,3-diphenylacrylate in four steps with 53% overall yield and >99% ee at the >100 g scale without column purification. The chiral epoxide intermediate was prepared via asymmetric epoxidation with a fructose-derived diacetate ketone as catalyst.
Magnetic debris mitigation system for extreme ultraviolet sources (2015)

In extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, plasmas are used to generate EUV light. Unfortunately, these plasmas expel high-energy ions and neutrals which damage the collector optic used to collect and focus the EUV light. One of the main problems facing EUV source manufacturers is the necessity to mitigate this debris. A magnetic mitigation system to deflect ionic debris by use of a strong permanent magnet is proposed and investigated. A detailed computational model of magnetic mitigation is presented, and experimental results from an EUV source confirm both the correctness of the model and the viability of magnetic mitigation as a successful means of deflecting ionic debris.
Glucose Oxidation Modulates Anoikis and Tumor Metastasis (2012)

Cancer cells exhibit altered glucose metabolism characterized by a preference for aerobic glycolysis or the Warburg effect, and the cells resist matrix detachment-induced apoptosis, which is called anoikis, a barrier to metastasis. It remains largely unclear whether tumor metabolism influences anoikis and metastasis. Here we show that when detached from the matrix, untransformed mammary epithelial cells undergo metabolic reprogramming by markedly upregulating pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) kinase 4 (PDK4) through estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ), thereby inhibiting PDH and attenuating the flux of glycolytic carbon into mitochondrial oxidation. To decipher the significance of this metabolic response, we found that depletion of PDK4 or activation of PDH increased mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress in suspended cells, resulting in heightened anoikis. Conversely, overexpression of PDKs prolonged survival of cells in suspension. Therefore, decreased glucose oxidation following cell detachment confers anoikis resistance. Unlike untransformed cells, most cancer cells demonstrate reduced glucose oxidation even under attached conditions, and thus they inherently possess a survival advantage when suspended. Normalization of glucose metabolism by stimulating PDH in cancer cells restores their susceptibility to anoikis and impairs their metastatic potential. These results suggest that the Warburg effect, more specifically, diminished glucose oxidation, promotes anoikis resistance and metastasis and that PDKs are potential targets for antimetastasis therapy.
Binding characteristics of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to its receptors on neurons from the chick embryo (1988)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein known to support the survival of embryonic sensory neurons and retinal ganglion cells, was derivatized with 125I-Bolton-Hunter reagent and obtained in a biologically active, radioactive form (125I-BDNF). Using dorsal root ganglion neurons from chick embryos at 9 d of development, the basic physicochemical parameters of the binding of 125I-BDNF with its receptors were established. Two different classes of receptors were found, with dissociation constants of 1.7 x 10(-11) M (high-affinity receptors) and 1.3 x 10(-9) M (low-affinity receptors). Unlabeled BDNF competed with 125I-BDNF for binding to the high-affinity receptors with an inhibition constant essentially identical to the dissociation constant of the labeled protein: 1.2 x 10(-11) M. The association and dissociation rates from both types of receptors were also determined, and the dissociation constants calculated from these kinetic experiments were found to correspond to the results obtained from steady-state binding. The number of high-affinity receptors (a few hundred per cell soma) was 15 times lower than that of low-affinity receptors. No high-affinity receptors were found on sympathetic neurons, known not to respond to BDNF, although specific binding of 125I-BDNF to these cells was detected at a high concentration of the radioligand. These results are discussed and compared with those obtained with nerve growth factor on the same neuronal populations.
Dynamic resource allocation for machine to cloud communications robotics cloud (2012)

The computation and information sharing capabilities of networked robotics by proposing a clond robotic architecture. The cloud robotics architecture leverages the combination of a virtual ad-hoc clond formed by machine-to-machine (M2M) communications among participating robots, and an infrastructure cloud enabled by machine-to-cloud (M2C) communications. Clond robotics utilizes elastic computing models, in which resources are dynamically allocated from a shared resource pool in the clond, to support task offloading and information sharing In robotic applications. The propose communication protocols, and several elastic computing models to handle different applications. The technical challenges in computation, communications and security, and illustrate the potential benefits of cloud robotics in several applications.