gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Recent Trends in Load Forecasting Technology for the Operation Optimization of Distributed Energy System (2017)

The introduction of renewable resources into the distributed energy system has challenged the operation optimization of the distributed energy system. Integration of new technologies and diversified characteristics on the demand side has exerted a great influence on the distributed energy system. In this paper, by way of literature review, first, the topological structure and the mathematical expression of the distributed energy system were summarized, and the trend of enrichment and diversification and the new characteristics of the system were evaluated. Then, the load forecasting technology was reviewed and analyzed from two aspects, fundamental research and application research. Research methods of the distributed energy system under the new trend of energies were discussed, and the boundaries of the broadened distributed energy technology were explored.
Iraq Crude Oil Exports – August, September, October 2017 (2021)

Table 1. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – August 2017 Table 2. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – September 2017Table 3. Iraq Crude Oil Exports – October 2017
Range-Finding Toxicity Data: List VI (1962)

Abstract A table presents acute toxicity and irritation data on more than 300 compounds, accumulated in a continuing program for screening potential commercial products. The standardized experimental methods are described.
<i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity testing of AB‐polymer networks based on oligo(ϵ‐caprolactone) segments after different sterilization techniques (2003)

Recently developed versatile biodegradable polymeric biomaterial offer new therapeutic options in numerous medical fields. Biocompatibility is a crucial requirement for the biomedical application of biomaterials, including the sterilization of these materials with the use of accepted protocols. Ethylene-oxide (EO) and low-temperature plasma (LTP) sterilization are frequently used low-temperature sterilization technologies for heat-sensitive materials. The agarose diffusion assay is a recommended cell-screening test to assess the cytotoxicity of biomaterials in vitro. The sensitivity of the agarose assay can be increased by using a modified computer-based image-analysis system. The influence of EO and LTP sterilization on the cytotoxicity of a versatile polymer system of shape-memory polymer networks based on oligo (epsilon-caprolactone) dimethacrylate and n-butyl acrylate was investigated. Statistically significant differences in the rate of cell lysis after EO and LTP sterilization of the polymer samples were detected by using this modified quantification system. The influence of the different sterilization techniques on the cytotoxicity of the polymeric material, as well as the clinical relevance of the described differences, are discussed.
Infrared spectrum of NH4+(H2O): Evidence for mode specific fragmentation (2007)

The gas phase infrared spectrum (3250-3810 cm-1) of the singly hydrated ammonium ion, NH4+(H2O), has been recorded by action spectroscopy of mass selected and isolated ions. The four bands obtained are assigned to N-H stretching modes and to O-H stretching modes. The N-H stretching modes observed are blueshifted with respect to the corresponding modes of the free NH4+ ion, whereas a redshift is observed with respect to the modes of the free NH3 molecule. The O-H stretching modes observed are redshifted when compared to the free H2O molecule. The asymmetric stretching modes give rise to rotationally resolved perpendicular transitions. The K-type equidistant rotational spacings of 11.1(2) cm-1 (NH4+) and 29(3) cm-1 (H2O) deviate systematically from the corresponding values of the free molecules, a fact which is rationalized in terms of a symmetric top analysis. The relative band intensities recorded compare favorably with predictions of high level ab initio calculations, except on the nu3(H2O) band for which the observed value is about 20 times weaker than the calculated one. The nu3(H2O)/nu1(H2O) intensity ratios from other published action spectra in other cationic complexes vary such that the nu3(H2O) intensities become smaller the stronger the complexes are bound. The recorded ratios vary, in particular, among the data collected from action spectra that were recorded with and without rare gas tagging. The calculated anharmonic coupling constants in NH4+(H2O) further suggest that the coupling of the nu3(H2O) and nu1(H2O) modes to other cluster modes indeed varies by orders of magnitude. These findings together render a picture of a mode specific fragmentation dynamic that modulates band intensities in action spectra with respect to absorption spectra. Additional high level electronic structure calculations at the coupled-cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative treatment of triple excitations [CCSD(T)] level of theory with large basis sets allow for the determination of an accurate binding energy and enthalpy of the NH4+(H2O) cluster. The authors' extrapolated values at the CCSD(T) complete basis set limit are De [NH4+-(H2O)]=-85.40(+/-0.24) kJ/mol and DeltaH(298 K) [NH4+-(H2O)]=-78.3(+/-0.3) kJ/mol (CC2), in which double standard deviations are indicated in parentheses.
Bending the Rules (1998)

Abstract Map collectors have struggled to establish and maintain efficient storage and retrieval methods for large map series. The U.S. Geological Survey's series of 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles is a particularly compelling case. Organizing and accessing a scries comprised of more than 57,000 individual current sheets, and countless historic editions, is a monumental task. Even with the incorporation of computer technology, the maintenance of this widely used set has remained something of a problem in many collections. At the Pennsylvania State University Libraries' map collection we have utilized the Innovacq Serials Control System, a subset of the Innopac computer catalog program, to automate acquisitions and historic holdings of this unwieldy series. Innovacq allows us to record both sheet level and edition information, potentially for all large map sets. The paper discusses the arrangement of the online catalog and check-in records created for the project, overall system functions, and personnel requirements.
Defect production in silica fibers doped with Tm^3+ (1993)

Irradiation of Tm3+ fibers with blue light at 476 nm induces a broad-bandwidth loss in these fibers. We have measured the spectral dependence of the loss for both silica–germania and silica–alumina fibers and show through micro-Raman studies of the core regions of the fibers that this induced loss is correlated with the production of structural defects in the glass host.
Performance of an Electrostatic Precipitator with Superhydrophobic Surface when Collecting Airborne Bacteria (2010)

Modern bioaerosol sampling and analysis techniques that enable rapid detection of low bioagent concentrations in various environments are needed to help us understand the causal relationship between adverse health effects and bioaerosol exposures and also to enable the timely biohazard detection in case of intentional release. We have developed a novel bioaerosol sampler, an electrostatic precipitator with superhydrophobic surface (EPSS), where a combination of electrostatic collection mechanism with superhydrophobic collection surface allows for efficient particle collection, removal, and concentration in water droplets as small as 5 μ L. The sampler's performance at different sampling flow rates and sampling times was tested with two common bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. The collection efficiency was determined using the traditional method of microscopic counting as well as the whole-cell quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (QPCR). The tests indicated that the new sampler achieves collection efficiency as high as 72%. A combination of the satisfactory collection efficiency and the small collecting water droplet volumes allowed achieving sample concentration rates that exceed 1 × 10 6 . In addition, the collection efficiency for both bacteria obtained by the two different methods was not statistically different, indicating the sampler's compatibility with the PCR-based sample analysis techniques. In addition, the whole-cell QPCR does not require DNA extraction prior to the PCR reaction which offers faster sample processing. Very high concentration rates achieved with the new sampler as well as its compatibility with the QPCR methodology point toward its suitability for detecting low concentrations of airborne bacterial agents in various environments.
A cultured human renal epithelioid cell line responsive to vasoactive intestinal peptide (1990)

A permanently transformed cell line derived from human embryo renal cortical cells (HEK293) has been investigated for the retention of renal-specific properties. The cell line is epithelioid in growth on plastic, and transmission electron microscopy demonstrates the formation of apical zonae occludentes. There is no prominent brush-border. The response of HEK293 cell adenylate cyclase is noteworthy for the response to vasoactive intestinal peptide (half-maximal activation at 0.9 nM). The HEK adenylate cyclase response to VIP is specific, with related peptides such as glucagon and secretin being ineffective. The response to VIP is competitively antagonized by the VIP receptor antagonist (4Cl-D-Phe6,Leu17)-VIP.
Effect of the adrenal 11-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor metyrapone on human hepatic cytochrome P-450 expression: induction of cytochrome P-450 3A4. (2000)

The drug metyrapone in the presence of glucocorticoid has been shown to induce the expression of rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 1A1 mRNA in vivo and in vitro through disruption of endogenous CYP1A1 regulator homeostasis and without either compound's binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Addition of metyrapone to human liver cancer cell cultures, with or without dexamethasone, did not induce CYP1A1 mRNA, in contrast to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand beta-naphthoflavone. Addition of metyrapone to primary cultures of human hepatocytes also failed to induce detectable levels of CYP1A1 mRNA or CYP1A protein in two separate preparations, whereas the treatment with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-rho-dioxin or omeprazole induced detectable levels of CYP1A1 mRNA in one preparation and CYP1A protein in both preparations. Addition of metyrapone to human hepatocyte cultures resulted in the induction of CYP3A4 expression. The pregnane X receptor (PXR), which has recently been shown to mediate the transcriptional induction of CYP3A4 expression in response to rifampicin, was activated by metyrapone in CV-1 cells transiently cotransfected with an expression vector encoding the human PXR and a reporter construct containing the everted repeat sequence that confers CYP3A4 induction responsiveness to inducers within its promoter. Metyrapone activated the human PXR at concentrations that also resulted in the induction of CYP3A4 in human cultured hepatocytes. Metyrapone treatment is therefore unlikely to result in the induction of CYP1A1 but may induce the expression of CYP3A4 in humans.
Uptake of KOH‐soluble and KOH‐insoluble fluoride in sound human enamel after topical application of a fluoride varnish (Duraphat) or a neutral 2% NaF solution in vitro (1992)

The uptake of alkali-soluble fluoride (calcium fluoride-like material and adsorbed fluoride) and alkali-insoluble fluoride (apatitically bound fluoride) on sound human enamel from treatment with Duraphat or a neutral 2% NaF solution was investigated in vitro. Blocks from impacted third molars were used. More fluoride was deposited on the enamel from the neutral 2% NaF solution than from the Duraphat treatment. All the fluoride could be dissolved in alkali. Globules of calcium fluoride-like material were demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. Chemical analysis showed no measurable increase in the apatitically bound fluoride (alkali-insoluble fluoride) after brief exposures. Duraphat-treated samples submerged in water after the exposure lost only about 50% of the deposited fluoride, whereas samples treated with 2% NaF are known to lose all their fluoride under similar circumstances, a condition which may be related to the favorable clinical effect of Duraphat.
Effects of Policosanol in Older Patients With Type II Hypercholesterolemia and High Coronary Risk (2001)

This study shows that policosanol is effective, safe, and well tolerated in older hypercholesterolemic patients.
Active One-shot Learning (2017)

Recent advances in one-shot learning have produced models that can learn from a handful of labeled examples, for passive classification and regression tasks. This paper combines reinforcement learning with one-shot learning, allowing the model to decide, during classification, which examples are worth labeling. We introduce a classification task in which a stream of images are presented and, on each time step, a decision must be made to either predict a label or pay to receive the correct label. We present a recurrent neural network based action-value function, and demonstrate its ability to learn how and when to request labels. Through the choice of reward function, the model can achieve a higher prediction accuracy than a similar model on a purely supervised task, or trade prediction accuracy for fewer label requests.
P-Wave Analysis in Valvular Heart Disease (1964)

Electrocardiographic analysis of the P waves occurring in a series of 113 normal subjects and 100 patients with specifically defined valvular lesions are reviewed. The former methods of analysis showed a marked lack of specificity. By dividing the P wave in lead V 1 into initial and terminal portions, a measure designated as the P terminal force has been derived. This measure is of value in two respects: (1) it correctly separates normal subjects from those patients with left-sided valvular lesions in 92 per cent of this series and (2) once a given valve lesion is suspected clinically, this measure enables one to make an estimation of the severity of that lesion from the degree of abnormality of the P terminal force at V 1 . The P terminal force does not indicate the type of valvular disease present, nor does it correlate with any one specific hemodynamic measure. The abnormality does appear to be related, within each separate type of valve disease, to the specific hemodynamic abnormality of that type of valvular involvement. The anatomic and electrophysiologic changes that might relate to these P-wave changes are discussed.
α<sub>2</sub>-Adrenoreceptors Profile Modulation. 3. (<i>R</i>)-(+)-<i>m</i>-Nitrobiphenyline, a New Efficient and α<sub>2C</sub>-Subtype Selective Agonist (2007)

To assess the stereochemical requirements for efficient alpha2C-adrenoreceptor activation, the enantiomeric forms of m-nitrobiphenyline [(+/-)-5] were prepared and tested on cells expressing the human alpha2-adrenoreceptor subtypes. The importance of chirality was confirmed, since the enantiomer (R)-(+)-5 was much more efficient than (S)-(-)-5 in producing alpha2C-activation. Surprising reversal of enantioselectivity was observed with respect to structurally similar biphenyline [(+/-)-1] whose (S)-(-)-form proved the preferred alpha2C-configuration.
Voltage- and ligand-activated inwardly rectifying currents in dorsal raphe neurons in vitro (1988)

Intracellular recordings were made from neurons in rat dorsal raphe in the slice preparation maintained at 37 degrees C. The single-electrode voltage-clamp method was used to measure membrane currents at potentials more negative than rest (-60 mV). Three types of inward rectification were observed: 2 in the absence of any drugs and the third induced by 5-HT 1 and GABA-B receptor agonists. In the absence of any drugs, an inward current activated over 1-2 sec when the membrane potential was stepped to potentials more negative than -70 mV. This current was blocked by cesium (2 mM) and resembles IQ or IH. A second inward current (IIR) occurred at membrane potentials near the potassium equilibrium potential (EK). This inward current activated within the settling time of the clamp and was abolished by both barium (10-100 microM) and cesium (2 mM). 5-HT 1 agonists activated a potassium conductance that hyperpolarized the cells at rest. This potassium conductance was about 2 nS at -60 mV and increased linearly with membrane hyperpolarization to about 4 nS at -120 mV. Baclofen activated a potassium conductance identical in amplitude and voltage dependence to that induced by 5-HT 1 agonists. Both the baclofen- and 5-HT-induced currents were nearly abolished in animals pretreated with pertussis toxin. The results indicate that a common potassium conductance is increased by 5-HT acting on 5-HT 1 receptors and baclofen acting on GABA-B receptors. This potassium conductance rectifies inwardly and is distinct from the Q-current. The ligand-activated potassium conductance also differs from the other form of inward rectification (IIR) in its voltage dependence and sensitivity to pertussis toxin.
Conservative Treatment of Humeral Shaft Fractures - Emphasis on the Value of Functional Brace Treatment (1992)

Conservative treatment of a humeral shaft fracture has been preferred as the treatment of choice world wide. Whether using a hanging cast of a U-slab splint, a high union rate can be achieved. The utilization of a functional brace further improves the elbow function. Nevertheless, the most adequate time for functional brace administration has still not been decided. From January 1987 to December 1989, 104 consecutive adult humeral shaft fractures were treated conservatively and followed-up for at least one year (average,28 months) at the authors’ institution. The principle of conservative treatment included application of a U-slab splint for those either unable to sit upright or with a high level fracture, and a hanging cast for other fractures in which surgery was not indicated. A functional brace was applied when clinical union was not achieved after 6 weeks with casting or splinting. The results showed that the union rate was 85.8% with a union period of 3.5±1.2months. clinical union was achieved in 70.2%of fractures at 6 weeks, which did not require conversion to a functional brace. Six complete radial nerve palsy cases recovered spontaneously with conservative treatment. The authors concluded that conservativey treatment of most humeral shaft fractures shold be more reasonable than operative treatment. Furthermore,routine conversion of casting or splinting to functional brace is not favored.
Dislocation density reduction in multicrystalline silicon solar cell material by high temperature annealing (2008)

We propose and demonstrate a method to remove performance-limiting dislocations from multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) solar cell material, appropriate for wafers or bricks. Dislocation density reductions of &gt;95% are achieved in commercial mc-Si via high temperature annealing with an impurity diffusion barrier, with controlled ambient and time-temperature profiles. The dislocation density reduction follows temperature-dependent models developed by Kuhlmann [Proc. Phys. Soc., London, Sect. A 64, 140 (1951)] and Nes [Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 2189 (1995)]. It is believed that higher annealing temperatures (&gt;1170 °C) allow dislocation movement unconstrained by crystallographic glide planes, leading to dislocation annihilation within minutes.
Eosinophil Counts in Bacteremia (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The role of eosinophils in health and disease is still matter for conjecture, yet the tendency for eosinophil counts to fluctuate predictably in certain infectious diseases is well known. Eosinophilia has been described in worm infections, especially trichinosis.<sup>1</sup>Eosinopenia has been described in pneumococcal pneumonia, tuberculosis, typhoid fever, scarlatina and other bacterial infections.<sup>2-4</sup>Bass has induced eosinopenia experimentally in mice first rendered eosinophilic with trichinosis, by effecting<i>Escherichia coli</i>pyelonephritis and<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>subcutaneous abscesses.<sup>3</sup>During an infectious disease clerkship at Johns Hopkins Hospital in August 1977 I became interested in determining whether eosinopenia or eosinophilia could be used as clinical markers for evaluating ostensibly bacteremic patients. I obtained the records of 75 adult inpatients who had had positive blood cultures at Johns Hopkins Hospital between May and September of 1977. Cultures positive for probable skin contaminants (diphtheroids,<i>Propionobacterium, Streptococcus viridans, and Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>
A New Model on the Control of Ion Current Oscillations and Its Influence to the Thrust Efficiency of Hall Thrusters (2009)

Simulation on the control of the discharge current oscillation is performed by introducing the cross-field transport of Xenon ions in the channel. The ion current oscillation and the thrust efficiency are shown by comparing our simulation with the observation. It is shown for the first time that the ion current becomes stable and the thrust efficiency is improved when the ion mobility decreases in the channel of Hall thrusters, by comparing with the experimental results of TALT-2a Hall thruster.
SmarTspelL/sup TM/: a multipass recognition system for name retrieval over the telephone (1997)

We present a multipass recognition approach for continuously spelled name recognition. After describing this approach and presenting an optimization of the first pass using spectral parameter filtering techniques, we report on the evaluation of the whole system, both on a data base and during a four month field evaluation on two different tasks. The optimization of the first pass showed that relative spectral perceptual linear predictive (RASTA-PLP) parameterization is a good compromise between performance and speed. Evaluation on a data base yielded more than 95% name retrieval for a dictionary of 3388 names, while a field evaluation on small dictionaries (50 and 78 names) showed that nearly 90% of the calls were completed successfully. At the end of the paper, we discuss some of the insights provided by the field evaluation and show how this system can be extended to tasks with large dictionaries (on the order of 100000 names).
Coherent Plane Wave Compounding for Very High Frame Rate Ultrasonography of Rapidly Moving Targets (2013)

Coherent plane wave compounding is a promising technique for achieving very high frame rate imaging without compromising image quality or penetration. However, this approach relies on the hypothesis that the imaged object is not moving during the compounded scan sequence, which is not the case in cardiovascular imaging. This work investigates the effect of tissue motion on retrospective transmit focusing in coherent compounded plane wave imaging (PWI). Two compound scan sequences were studied based on a linear and alternating sequence of tilted plane waves, with different timing characteristics. Simulation studies revealed potentially severe degradations in the retrospective focusing process, where both radial and lateral resolution was reduced, lateral shifts of the imaged medium were introduced, and losses in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were inferred. For myocardial imaging, physiological tissue displacements were on the order of half a wavelength, leading to SNR losses up to 35 dB, and reductions of contrast by 40 dB. No significant difference was observed between the different tilt sequences. A motion compensation technique based on cross-correlation was introduced, which significantly recovered the losses in SNR and contrast for physiological tissue velocities. Worst case losses in SNR and contrast were recovered by 35 dB and 27-35 dB, respectively. The effects of motion were demonstrated in vivo when imaging a rat heart. Using PWI, very high frame rates up to 463 fps were achieved at high image quality, but a motion correction scheme was then required.