gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Professional learning, professional knowledge and professional identity: A bleak view, but oh the possibilities…. (2004)

Picking up on Locke's (2001, 2004) somewhat bleak view of the erosion of teachers' professionalism, this article begins by inquiring into a range of current professional environments across the Western World. Many of these environments are driven by managerialist policy and discourses, which are contributing to a steady impoverishment of the professionalism of teachers and teaching. I identify some trends in recent teachers' professional development policy and practices in secondary schools and use a reading of a literary short story to critique these trends. I then proceed to take as a framework for closer analysis Freire's conception of knowledge and learning as banking, and consider the critical implications of such a conception for managerialist policy and practice. My argument is that much managerialist policy and practice assumes teacher knowledge and teacher identity to be fundamentally individualistic. Finally, this critique of managerialist policy and practice with respect to professional learning frames a reflexive analysis and discussion of one site of inquiry-based professional learning. My analysis and discussion suggest a paradigm of professional learning that may give cause for more optimism with respect to the future professionalism of teachers and teaching.
The Solid Complex of Aminomalonic Acid with β-Alanine and Its Thermal Decomposition (1972)

Abstract For the crystallization of aminomalonic acid with several amino acids from an aqueous solution, solid complex formation was studied by means of an X-ray diffractometer. No complex formation of aminomalonic acid with α-alanine, dl-α-amino-n-butyric acid, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, dl-serine, dl-norleucine, α-amino-iso-butyric acid, dl-valine, dl-threonine, or dl-norvaline was observed. However, with β-alanine, the formation of a solid complex with a molar ratio of 1:1 was ascertained. When this solid complex was analyzed by the differential thermogravimetric method in air at a heating rate of 1.4°C/min, a decarboxylation reaction, accompanied by endothermic and exothermic peaks, was observed at 115–133°C. On the other hand, the decarboxylation of aminomalonic acid alone occurred in the temperature range of 112–138°C. The areas of the endothermic peak, which was attributed to the decarboxylation, and the endothermic peak, which was attributed to the crystallization energies of γ-glycine and β-alanine, were, respectively, about 3 and 3/2 times those of the peaks observed in the case of aminomalonic acid. It was also observed that the exothermic process proceeded in two steps. The X-ray analysis of the products of the decarboxylation process suggested that the complex first melted to become amorphous to X-rays, and that it was then decarboxylated to amorphous glycine and amorphous β-alanine with these subsequent crystallization. The two-step exothermic process was explained in terms of a somewhat earlier crystallization of amorphous glycine than in terms of that of the amorphous β-alanine. The activation energy of the solid complex was estimated to 119.2 kcal/mol from the thermogravimetric curve. This large value of the apparent activation energy may be considered to result because the solid complex turns to an amorphous phase much more sensitive to decarboxylation prior to decomposition, and the steep slope of the thermogravimetric curve which results from the rapid decarboxylation of the amorphous gives the large apparent activation energy.
Instabilities in the doubly resonant parametric oscillator: A theoretical analysis (1971)

This paper is a theoretical examination of the frequency instabilities of the doubly resonant parametric oscillator. Such instabilities, caused by attempts to resonate simultaneously fields of two frequencies in unstabilized dispersive optical cavities, largely account for the poor performance of early parametric oscillators. The effects of reducing the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</tex> of one of the resonant cavities of the doubly resonant oscillator are treated in detail. An analysis is given that predicts the frequency instabilities resulting from the presence of a slight feedback at the nonresonant mode in a nearly singly resonant oscillator. The analysis shows that the nonresonant mode feedback must be completely eliminated to prevent double-cavity oscillator-frequency instabilities.
An engineering approach to optimal control and estimation theory (1996)

From the Publisher:
An Engineering Approach to Optimal Control and Estimation Theory provides a practical and accessible guide, focusing on applications and implementation, and answering real-world questions faced by control engineers. In its highly organized overview of all areas, the book examines the design of modern optimal controllers requiring the selection of a performance criterion, demonstrates optimization of linear systems with bounded controls and limited control effort, and considers nonlinearities and their effect on various types of signals. Covering all the basics, the book deals with the evolution of optimal control and estimation theory, and presents the necessary mathematical background needed for this study. It also lists references and problems, and supplies appendixes for those wishing to delve into matrix algebra. Throughout, it offers opportunities for experimentation, while discussing analysis, various filtering methods, and many other pertinent topics. An Engineering Approach to Optimal Control and Estimation Theory, is an invaluable, self-contained reference for practicing engineers, a useful text for graduate students and qualified senior undergraduates, and an important resource for anyone interested in the future of modern control technology.
Free-Electron Laser with a Strong Axial Magnetic Field (1980)

A small-signal theory is given for gain in a free-electron laser comprising a cold relativistic electron beam in a helical periodic transverse, and a strong uniform axial, magnetic field. Exact finite-amplitude, steady-state helical orbits are included. If perturbed, these orbits oscillate about equilibrium, so that substantial gain enhancement can occur if the electromagnetic perturbations resonate with these oscillations. This gain enhancement need not be at the cost of frequency upshift.
Simulation Modeling and Analysis. (1983)

From the Publisher:
This second edition of Modeling and Analysis includes a chapter on Simulation in Manufacturing Systems and examples. The text is designed for a one-term or two-quarter course in simulation offered in departments of industrial engineering,business,computer science and operations research.
Fusion of Stereo-Camera and PMD-Camera Data for Real-Time Suited Precise 3D Environment Reconstruction (2006)

3D environment reconstruction is a basic task, delivering the data for mapping, localization and navigation in mobile robotics. We present a new technique that combines a stereo-camera system with a PMD-camera. Both systems generate distance images of the environment but with different characteristics. It is shown that each system compensates effectively for the deficiencies of the other one. The combined system is real-time suited. Experimental data of an indoor scene including the calibration procedure are reported.
The expression pattern of<i>Id4</i>, a novel dominant negative helix-loop-helix protein, is distinct from<i>Id1</i>,<i>1d2</i>and<i>Id3</i> (1994)

Molecular interaction between transcription factors containing an basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain is known to regulate differentiation in several cellular systems including myogenesis, neurogenesis and haematopoiesis. DNA-binding activity of the bHLH proteins is mediated via the basic region and is dependent upon formation of homo- and/or heterodimers of these transcription factors. Dominant negative (dn) HLH proteins (Id1, Id2, Id3 and emc) also contain the HLH-dimerization domain but lack the DNA-binding basic region. Formation of heterodimers between dnHLH and bHLH proteins abolishes the DNA-binding activity of the latter. Concordantly, it was shown that the dnHLH protein Id1 inhibits differentiation of muscle and myeloid cells in vitro. Therefore, it was postulated that dnHLH proteins serve as general antagonists of cell differentiation. We have isolated and characterized a novel mouse dnHLH gene, designated Id4. The Id4 protein contains a HLH domain highly conserved among the dnHLH proteins from mouse and drosophila. Outside of the HLH domain, three additional short regions of the dnHLH proteins show some degree of homology. DNA-binding of E47 homo- as well as E47/MyoD heterodimers is inhibited by Id4. Transcription of the Id4 gene results in three RNA molecules of 3.7, 2.0 and 1.7 kb which are presumably a result of differential splicing and/or alternatively used polyadenylation sites within the 3' untranslated region. During embryogenesis, Id4 expression is up-regulated between day 9.5 and 13.5 of gestation. The highest expression in adult tissues was detected in testis, brain and kidney. Comparison of the expression patterns of the four mouse dnHLH genes revealed that Id4 expression differs from the more restricted expression of Id2 as well as from the widespread expression of Id1 and Id3.
Neural cell adhesion molecules - brain glue and much more (2003)

The formation of stable cell contacts is of pivotal importance for every metazoan life form. It is therefore not surprising that adhesive molecules appeared early during the evolution of multicellular organisms. The pioneering work of Johannes Holtfreter and others indicated that adhesive molecules, which reside in the plasma membrane on the surface of most cells, are not only important for establishing general cell adhesion and cellular contacts, but also convey a specific tissue and cellular identity to their host cells (1). Over the last few decades a large number of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been identified and further characterized, and we have learned that the expression of these proteins is highly choreographed in terms of timing and cell identity.
NBTI and Process Variations Compensation Circuits Using Adaptive Body Bias (2012)

Reliability and variability have become big design challenges facing submicrometer high-speed applications and microprocessors designers. A low area overhead adaptive body bias (ABB) circuit is proposed in this paper to compensate for negative-bias temperature instability (NBTI) aging and process variations to improve the system reliability and yield. The proposed ABB circuit consists of a threshold voltage-sensing circuit and an on-chip analog controller. In this paper, post-layout simulation results, referring to an industrial hardware-calibrated STMicroelectronics 65-nm CMOS technology transistor model, are presented. The transistor model contains process variations and NBTI aging model cards, which are declared by STMicroelectronics to be Silicon verified. Cadence RelXpert, Virtuoso Spectre, and Virtuoso UltraSim tools are used to estimate the NBTI aging and process variations impacts on a circuit block case study, extracted from a real microprocessor critical path. These results show that the proposed ABB compensates effectively for NBTI aging and process variations. For example, the proposed ABB improves the timing yield from 74.4% to 99.7% at zero aging time and from 36.6% to 97.1% at 10 years aging time. In addition, the proposed ABB increases the total yield from 67% to 99.5% at zero aging time and from 35.9% to 97.1% at 10 years aging time.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE TRAFFIC SIGNS VISIBILITY DURING NIGHT DRIVING (2018)

Road safety has an extremely important role in existing transportation systems. Drivers on the road are influenced various factors (light and temperature conditions, visual smog, environment surrounding, etc.) and the driver´s distraction represents the most common cause of road traffic accidents. According our previous researches, we found that visual smog has a negative influ-ence the drivers on the road. However, the task of placing the traffic signs on the roads is to increase road safety, thus positively influencing the driver while driving. The main objective of this article is to measure the visibility of traffic signs on selected road in specific light conditions (in night). Secondary objective is measure visibility of roadside ad-vertisement (billboards) near roads, that are influencing driver´s distractions in negative way. The mobile ETG technology (eye tracking glasses) has been used as a method for measuring the gaze of the driver's eyes on traffic signs in night conditions. We compared the results from our previous research (daylight conditions) with the obtained results from actual research. On the basis of the comparison both measurements we can found out differences (positive and nega-tive) in influence of traffic signs and road side advertisements on drivers in various light condi-tions.
Improved accuracy in automated fluorometric determination of plasma triglycerides. (1970)

Accuracy of the automated fluorometric measurement of triglyceride by the technique of Kessler and Lederer is limited by the instability of the baseline. Concentration of the alcoholic KOH reagent was modified, and the pump tube manifold altered to provide on-stream mixing of the KOH reagent, which overcame this difficulty. A relatively inexpensive fluorometer with the solid-state photomultiplier microphotometer, modified to provide dual-scale sensitivity, was used to increase precision of measurements. Analytical results for 30 serum samples, taken from three pools of frozen serum, show the accuracy of the measurements to be ±8 mg/100 ml and the standard deviation ±9 mg/100 ml for a single determination.
Metabolic Activities of the Gut Microflora in Relation to Cancer (2000)

The human large intestine is host to a diverse range of bacteria with numbers reaching 10 11 /ml of faecal material. This population plays a significant role in colonic metabolism and health. Undigested dietary substrates and endogenous residues are metabolised by the gut flora. Some of the products of this metabolism have been associated with carcinogenic processes such as tumour promotion (ammonia, secondary bile acids), mutagenesis (fecapenaenes) and carcinogenesis ( N -nitroso compounds). Bacterial enzymes involved with carcinogen formation include g -glucuronidase, g -glycosidase, azoreductase, nitroreductase, nitrate reductase, the conversion of pre-carcinogen 2 amino-3-methyl-7H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) to 7-hydroxy-2-amino-3,6-dihydro-3-methyl-7H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline-7-one (7OHIQ). Protective effects of gut bacterial metabolism include carcinogen binding, detoxification of methylmercury and formation of lignans and isoflavones. Diet is known to play a role in gut microflora metabolism and cancer development. Studies have shown that gut bacterial enzymes are affected by diet and bacterial metabolism of dietary protein releases toxic products including ammonia, phenols and cresols. The interrelationships between diet, gut microflora metabolism and effects on the host are complicated however they may be important in the understanding of epidemiological associations between exogenous factors and colorectal cancer risk.
<title>Precision imaging and control for machine vision research at Carnegie Mellon University</title> (1992)

In a perfect world we would be able to use the many possible degrees of freedom in a camera system to do many useful things such as accommodating for changes or differences in the scenes being imaged correcting for camera behaviour that isn''t quite ideal or measuring properties of the scene by noting how the scene''s image changes as the camera''s parameters are varied. Unfortunately the parameters that control the formation of the camera''s images often interact in complex and subtle ways that can cause unforeseen problems for machine vision tasks. To be able to effectively use multi degree of freedom camera systems we need to know how variations in the camera''s control parameters are going to cause changes in the produced images. For this we need to have good mathematical models describing the relationships between the control parameters and the parameters of the resulting images. Ideally we would like to base the form of the models on an understanding of the underlying physical processes involved but in many cases these are either unknown or are just too complex to model. In these situations experimentation and generalized modeling techniques are necessary. To perform the experiments needed to develop and validate models and to obtain calibration data for the models we need precise automated imaging systems. In this paper we describe the camera systems developed for Carnegie Mellon University''s Calibrated Imaging Lab
Reduction in superoxide anion secretion and bactericidal activity of neutrophils from aged rats: reversal by the combination of gamma interferon and growth hormone (1994)

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from bone marrow of 24-month-old rats kill Escherichia coli less efficiently than PMN from 3-month-old rats. Secretion of O2- and killing of E. coli by PMN from both young and old rats can be significantly augmented by preincubation with either 250 U of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) or 250 ng of growth hormone (GH) per ml. This priming is specific, because neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against either IFN-gamma or GH completely abrogate the enhanced O2- secretion by PMN from young rats. However, in contrast to PMN from young rats, PMN from aged rats are not primed to kill E. coli by 10-fold-lower concentrations of either IFN-gamma (25 U/ml) or GH (25 ng/ml). To explore the mechanism for the reduction in bacterial killing by PMN from old rats, a syngeneic GH-secreting pituitary cell line (GH3) was implanted in vivo. PMN from GH3-treated aged rats, but not control aged rats, could now be primed in vitro for O2- secretion by IFN-gamma (25 U/ml). Although PMN from aged rats do not respond to the lower doses of either IFN-gamma or GH, the combination of both reagents totally restores the ability of PMN to secrete O2- and to kill E. coli. This synergistic priming is observed with PMN from aged rats, but not with those from young rats, and can be detected when both reagents are added simultaneously or when they are added in either sequence. Furthermore, addition of a monoclonal antibody against either IFN-gamma or GH abrogates the synergism of these two molecules. Collectively, these data identify an important alteration in myeloid cells from aged rodents by showing that their PMN are intrinsically unable to respond to low concentrations of IFN-gamma by secreting O2- and killing bacteria. The results also define a previously unrecognized synergism in PMN from aged animals by showing that GH synergizes with IFN-gamma both in vivo and in vitro to restore these suppressed responses.
Power Optimization for Pipelined ADCs with Open-Loop Residue Amplifiers (2006)

Pipelined ADCs with open-loop residue amplifiers are currently gaining designers' attention due to the simplicity of their design, their low-power and/or high-speed capabilities and their improved deep-submicron compatibility. Although several studies on power optimization of pipelined ADCs with closed-loop amplifiers are reported in literature, none so far addresses the power optimization problem of an open-loop implementation. Therefore, we propose a model for the open-loop pipelined ADC, based on which we perform calculations, resulting in optimum choices for design quantities, such as the number of bits per-stage and the sampling capacitors' rate of scaling along the pipelined chain. Finally, we report on how these choices depend on the total ADC resolution and the technology in which the ADC is implemented.
Adaptive Execution of Data Parallel Computations on Networks of Heterogeneous Workstations (2018)

Parallel environments consisting of a network of heterogeneous workstations introduce an inherently dynamic environment that differs from multicomputers. Workstations are usually considered &quot;shared&quot; resources while multicomputers provide dedicated processing power. The number of workstations available for use is continually changing; the parallel machine presented by the network is in effect continually reconfiguring itself. Application programs must effectively adapt to the changing number of processing nodes while maintaining computational efficiency. This paper examines methods for adapting to this dynamic environment within the framework of explicit message passing under the data parallel programming model. We present four requirements which we feel a method must satisfy. Several potential methods are examined within the framework and evaluated according to how well they address the defined requirements. An application-level technique called Application Data Movement (ADM) is descr...
Formulating gelatin free products (2014)

Gels are applied in many systems in particular in foods. Gelatin is the most common of all gelling agents. In the food industry there is a long quest for replacing gelatin. This chapter focuses on a more application by application approach where a dominant property of gelatin is matched with a specific starch derivative. Looking from the market backwards to the ingredient, it is obvious that starch and gelatine are competing over similar applications and functionalities in those applications. Where in the 1950s and 1960s many applications came about that employed gelatin as the gelling agent of choice, it was readily available and easy to use; now the balance is shifting towards gelling starches. The reasons are animal origin of gelatin, availability, religious groups, and so on. With new functionalities of starch employing ‘friendly’ modification techniques, starch is catching up in the traditional gelatin arena of gelling and texturizing.
Manipulation Performance in Interactive Virtual Environments (1998)

We studied manipulation performance in virtual environments using two types of controllers: virtual hand control and three-dimensional (3D) mouse/cursor control. These manipulation methods were tested under monoscopic and stereoscopic viewing conditions. Participants were asked to discriminate, grasp, pitch, roll, and position virtual objects. Speed and accuracy of manipulation tasks were measured. Virtual hand control proved to be significantly faster and more accurate than 3D mouse cursor control. Participants made more head movements in the virtual hand condition than in the mouse-cursor condition. Further, it was shown that the speed and accuracy of manipulations are much improved under stereoscopic viewing conditions. Actual or potential applications of this research include virtual training environments (assembly, maintenance, etc.) virtual prototyping, teleoperations, and so forth.