gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance-optimized identification of cross-directional control processes (2002)

Examines high-performance practical algorithms for identification of cross-directional processes from input/output data. Instead of working directly with the original two-dimensional array of the high-resolution profile scans, the proposed algorithms use separation properties of the problem. It is demonstrated that by estimating and identifying in turn cross directional and time responses of the process, it is possible to obtain unbiased least-square error estimates of the model parameters. At each step, a single data sequence is used for identification which ensures high computational performance of the proposed algorithm. A theoretical proof of algorithm convergence is presented. The discussed algorithms are implemented in an industrial identification tool and the paper includes real-life examples using paper machine data.
<i>N</i>-Acylvanillamides:  Development of an Expeditious Synthesis and Discovery of New Acyl Templates for Powerful Activation of the Vanilloid Receptor (2002)

A simple and general synthesis of vanillamides was developed and employed to screen acids from the fatty and isoprenoid pools for new acyl templates of biological relevance as capsaicin analogues. Potent activation of the human vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) was observed for the vanillamides of certain polyfunctional acids from both pools, showing that the vanilloid activity of capsaicinoids can be substantially improved by introducing polar groups and/or unsaturations on the acyl moiety. The activity of the unsaturated analogues was maintained or even increased by cyclopropanation, while omega dimerization led to a substantial increase of activity. Because of the wide structural diversity of the library of compounds screened, these observations could not be translated into a single framework of structure-activity relationships. Nevertheless, a series of new highly active leads was identified, validating the pharmacological potential of the unnatural combination of natural building blocks to provide new bioactive compounds.
Induction of Frost Hardiness in Red-osier Dogwood Stems by Water Stress1 (1975)

Abstract Water stress and short day treatments increased the frost hardiness and the water saturation deficit (WSD) of stems of red-osier dogwood ( Cornus stolonifera L.) plants grown for 21 days at controlled temperatures, photoperiods, and water supply. Potted plants were watered either to the point of saturation (control) or with lesser amounts (98, 60, or 30 ml/pot per day). Hardiness and WSD were proportional to the level of water stress. The greatest increase in hardiness (from −3 to −11°C) occurred in die 38 ml treatment during the first 7 days. Prolonging water stress, for an additional 14 days, induced little additional hardiness. There was no increase in the hardiness (−3°C) or WSD of control plants grown under long days (14 hours). Control plants grown at short days (10 hours) increased in hardiness from −3 to −6.5°C and WSD increased from 7.5% to 18.2% in 21 days. Water stress or short days caused significant increases in hardiness and WSD, but a combination of the 2 treatments caused no further increase in hardiness or WSD.
Pentoxifylline suppression of TNF-α mediated axonal degeneration in the rabbit optic nerve (1997)

In AIDS patients, axonal degeneration in the optic nerve occurs as a histopathological manifestation of the optic neuropathy. Direct infection of neurons by HIV is unlikely, and the axonal injury may be an indirect effect mediated by cytotoxic factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) which we have previously demonstrated to cause axonal degeneration in the rabbit optic nerve. To test the suppressive effects of pentoxifylline in preventing TNF-alpha-mediated axonal degeneration, we applied pentoxifylline to an established rabbit model that demonstrates an AIDS-like optic neuropathy using intravitreal TNF-alpha injections. Degenerated axonal profiles were numerous in control rabbit optic nerve (mean 1879) and reduced in rabbits receiving the medium dose of pentoxifylline (300 mg PO BID, mean 439, p < 0.001) and the highest dose of pentoxifylline (600 mg PO BID, mean 120, p < 0.007). High dose pentoxifylline reduced TNF-alpha-induced axonal losses to less than 10% that seen without pentoxifylline pretreatment. Lower doses of pentoxifylline had a lesser but significant protective effect. Our results suggest that TNF-alpha-mediated axonal degeneration can be suppressed by high doses of pentoxifylline. Pentoxifylline may therefore be useful in AIDS patients demonstrating neurological or neuro-ophthalmological symptoms.
Chemical and biological detection of 12,13-epoxytrichothecenes isolated from Fusarium species (1973)

Abstract
Interleukin 6 expression in coronary circulation after coronary angioplasty as a risk factor for restenosis (2000)

PTCA induces IL-6 production in the coronary circulation. This may induce subsequent inflammatory responses in injured vessels and play an important role in late restenosis after PTCA.
Cognitive Therapy vs Medications in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Depression (2005)

Cognitive therapy can be as effective as medications for the initial treatment of moderate to severe major depression, but this degree of effectiveness may depend on a high level of therapist experience or expertise.
Characterization of prostanoid receptor‐evoked responses in rat sensory neurones (1998)

1. Prostanoid receptor-mediated sensitization, or excitation, of sensory nerve fibres contributes to the generation of hyperalgesia. To characterize the prostanoid receptors present on sensory neurones, biochemical assays were performed on primary cultures of adult rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and the F-11 (embryonic rat DRG x neuroblastoma hybrid) cell line. 2. In DRG cultures, the IP receptor agonists, cicaprost and carbaprostacyclin (cPGI2) stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) also increased cyclic AMP levels, but to a lesser extent, while carbocyclic thromboxane A2 (cTxA2), PGD2 and PGF2alpha had negligible effects. The rank order of agonist potency was cicaprost>PGE2=BMY45778=cPGI2=PGI2. In the F-11 cells, the rank order of agonist potency for the stimulation of cyclic AMP accumulation was: cicaprost>iloprost=cPGI2=PGI2=BMY45778>PGE2=cTXA2++ +. In DRG cultures, cicaprost induced significantly more accumulation of inositol phosphates than PGE2. 3. To examine the effects of prostanoids on C-fibre activity, extracellular recordings of d.c. potentials from the rat isolated vagus nerve were made with the 'grease-gap' technique. PGI2 (0.1 nM-10 microM) produced the largest depolarizations of the nerve. The rank order of agonist potency was: PGI2=cPGI2=PGE1>cTXA2>PGE2=PGD2=TXB2>PGF2alpha. 4. Prior depolarization of nerves with either forskolin (10 microM) or phorbol dibutyrate (1 microM) alone significantly reduced the response to PGI2 (10 microM), while simultaneous application of both forskolin and phorbol dibutyrate attenuated PGI2 responses almost completely. 5. Putative EP1 and/or TP receptor-selective antagonists had no effect on the responses to PGI2, cPGI2 or PGE2 in the three preparations studied. 6. Collectively, these data are consistent with a positive coupling of IP receptors to both adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C in sensory neurones. These findings suggest that IP receptors play a major role in the sensitization of rat sensory neurones.
Polymer Brush and Inorganic Oxide Hybrid Nanodielectrics for High Performance Organic Transistors (2010)

A novel covalence-linked PMMA-SiO(2) hybrid nanodielectrics was prepared by grafting approximately 10 nm PMMA brush onto the SiO(2) (approximately 9 nm) surface, which effectively combines the respective merits of PMMA and SiO(2). As a result, the hybrid nanodielectrics exhibit excellent dielectric performance (e.g., low leakage density (<10(-7) A/cm(2) at 6 MV/cm), high breakdown voltage (7 MV/cm), high capacitance (142 nF/cm(2)), good operational stability, and good compatibility with organic semiconductors), and enable organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) to work with high performance and low voltage. These results may open a way to build ultrathin dielectrics for high performance transistor and circuit, as well as for microelectronics, nanoelectronics, and organic electronics.
디지털 사이니지의 비주얼 커뮤니케이션을 위한 수용자 매체태도 연구 (2013)

현대사회의 소비자들은 시각의 패러다임이라 할 수 있을 정도의 다양한 미디어의 출현으로 많은 양의 시지각적 자극 속에 살고 있다. 미디어 시장은 소비자의 니즈를 만족시키기 위해 치열한 시장경쟁을 벌이고 있으며, 끊임없이 새로운 미디어를 창출해 내고 있다. 다양한 미디어 중에서도 IT, 통신산업과 결합한 디지털 사이니지는 빠른 속도로 이용 범위를 넓혀가고 있다. 이는 단순히 단기적인 현상이 아닌 융복합 기술에 의한 미래지향적인 과도기이며, 시행초기 단계에서 융합미디어를 접하는 수용자들의 매체태도를 연구할 필요성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 융합미디어들 중 디지털 사이니지에 내포된 목적성과 그에 해당하는 콘텐츠, 이를 이미지로서 전달하는 매체의 종류를 살펴보고, 매체에 대해 수용자가 가지는 태도를 설문을 통해 분석하여 이를 접해본 수용자들이 받아들이는 현 태도를 알아보았다. 옥외 디지털 미디어인 ‘디지털 사이니지(Digital Signage)’는 아직 그 분포가 넓다고 말 할 수는 없으며, 아직은 이 미디어가 시행초기 단계임에는 분명하다. 때문에 현 시점에서 이를 접해본 수용자들이 디지털 사이니지란 매체에서 느끼는 감정적 동기 즉 수용자 태도를 연구해보는 것은 앞으로 콘텐츠나 매체를 개발함에 있어서 발전 방향을 제시해 줄 수 있을 것이다. 이번 연구를 통해 디지털 사이니지 매체들의 문제점을 파악하고 앞으로의 발전 방향을 모색 하고자 한다.
Prevalência e influência do sexo, idade e tipo de operação na dor pós-operatória (2009)

JUSTIFICATIVA Y OBJETIVOS: El dolor en el postoperatorio es un evento frecuente, a pesar del arsenal terapeutico existente. Su aparecimiento esta relacionado con los factores inherentes al procedimiento quirurgico y al paciente. El estudio tuvo como objetivo, evaluar la prevalencia del dolor en el postoperatorio en pacientes ingresados y su asociacion con el sexo y el tipo de operacion. METODO: Estudio del tipo corte transversal, realizado por entrevista a 187 pacientes sometidos a la operacion. Se evaluo el aparecimiento del dolor en las primeras 24 horas, y su intensidad a traves de la escala numerica: leve (1 a 3), moderada (4 a 6) y fuerte (7 a 10). RESULTADOS:De los 190 pacientes entrevistados, tres de ellos quedaron excluidos por dificultad de entender el metodo utilizado para evaluar el dolor. En la muestra, un 66,8% (n = 125) eran mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 45,83 ± 16,17 anos, siendo 25,1% (n = 47) con 60 anos o mas. En las primeras 24 horas, 46% (n = 85) de los pacientes relataron dolor. Entre los hombres, un 48,4% (n=30) relataron dolor y entre las mujeres, 66,8% (n = 55). No hubo diferencia significativa entre la prevalencia de dolor por sexo (p = 0,536) y edad (p = 0,465). En cuanto a la intensidad, el dolor se considero leve en un 29,4%, moderado en 43,5% y fuerte en 27,1% de los pacientes. Hubo una asociacion significativa entre el aparecimiento del dolor postoperatorio y el tipo de operacion (p = 0,003). CONCLUSIONES: El estudio muestra, que un elevado numero de pacientes todavia siente dolor en las primeras 24 horas del postoperatorio. Las pacientes sometidas a la Cirugia General, sintieron mas dolor en el postoperatorio que en los demas tipos de operaciones.
Genome Sequence of Vibrio sp. Strain EJY3, an Agarolytic Marine Bacterium Metabolizing 3,6-Anhydro-L-Galactose as a Sole Carbon Source (2012)

The metabolic fate of 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose (L-AHG) is unknown in the global marine carbon cycle. Vibrio sp. strain EJY3 is an agarolytic marine bacterium that can utilize L-AHG as a sole carbon source. To elucidate the metabolic pathways of L-AHG, we have sequenced the complete genome of Vibrio sp. strain EJY3.
Migraine and other headaches (2004)

The lack of association of migraines with coronary heart disease suggests that the association of migraine with Rose angina is not related to coronary artery disease. Future research assessing other common underlying pathologic mechanisms is warranted.
Ion Diffusion: II. Comparison of Apparent Self and Counter Diffusion Coefficients (1964)

Abstract The experimental distributions of Rb 86 diffusing in soil materials are obtained using a quick‐freeze method. The calculation of apparent diffusion coefficients of Rb from data obtained from these distributions is presented for the following geometries: ( 1 ) self diffusion and ( 2 ) counter diffusion of Rb diffusing from soil media initially saturated with Rb into the same soil media initially saturated with H + . The distribution of Rb 86 counter diffusing from kaolinite clay, montmorillonite clay, Sharkey clay soil and Dundee silt loam soil pastes into H + saturated kaolinite, montmorillonite, Sharkey and Dundee pastes can be characterized using self diffusion theory. The order of magnitude of apparent self diffusion coefficients is larger than those for counter diffusion in each of the four soil materials. The order of magnitude of the rate of Rb diffusion in the four soil materials is as follows: kaolinite clay > Dundee silt loam soil > Sharkey clay > montmorillonite clay. The values of the diffusion coefficients range from 3.9 × 10 −7 cm. 2 sec. −1 to 24.3 × 10 −7 cm. 2 sec. −1 . Qualitative apparent counter diffusion coefficients of Rb diffusing from soil media initially saturated with Rb into strong acid exchange‐resin discs initially saturated with H + are also presented for qualitative comparison purposes.
Evaluation of Modified Boehm Titration Methods for Use with Biochars (2013)

The Boehm titration, originally developed to quantify organic functional groups of carbon blacks and activated carbons in discrete pK ranges, has received growing attention for analyzing biochar. However, properties that distinguish biochar from carbon black and activated carbon, including greater carbon solubility and higher ash content, may render the original Boehm titration method unreliable for use with biochars. Here we use seven biochars and one reference carbon black to evaluate three Boehm titration methods that use (i) acidification followed by sparging (sparge method), (ii) centrifugation after treatment with BaCl (barium method), and (iii) a solid-phase extraction cartridge followed by acidification and sparging (cartridge method) to remove carbonates and dissolved organic compounds (DOC) from the Boehm extracts before titration. Our results for the various combinations of Boehm reactants and methods indicate that no one method was free of bias for all three Boehm reactants and that the cartridge method showed evidence of bias for all pK ranges. By process of elimination, we found that a combination of the sparge method for quantifying functional groups in the lowest pK range (∼5 to 6.4), and the barium method for quantifying functional groups in the higher pK ranges (∼6.4 to 10.3 and ∼10.3 to 13) to be free of evidence for bias. We caution, however, that further testing is needed and that all Boehm titration results for biochars should be considered suspect unless efforts were undertaken to remove ash and prevent interference from DOC.
Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase II Trial To Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam plus Metronidazole Compared with Meropenem in Adult Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (2014)

Ceftolozane-tazobactam (TOL-TAZ) is a novel antibacterial with activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other common Gram-negative pathogens, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, that are associated with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). This prospective, double-blind, randomized, multicenter, phase II trial assessed patient clinical and microbiological responses to and the safety of TOL-TAZ plus metronidazole compared with those of meropenem. Hospitalized adults with cIAIs that required surgical intervention were randomized (2:1) to receive intravenous (i.v.) TOL-TAZ (1.5 g [containing 1,000 mg TOL and 500 mg TAZ] every 8 h [q8h]) with or without i.v. metronidazole (500 mg q8h) or i.v. meropenem (1 g q8h) for 4 to 7 days. The primary endpoint was the clinical response at the test-of-cure visit in the microbiologically modified intent-to-treat (mMITT) and microbiologically evaluable (ME) populations. Secondary measures included the patients' microbiological response and safety. In total, 82 patients received TOL-TAZ (90.2% with metronidazole), and 39 received meropenem. For the mMITT population, clinical cure was seen in 83.6% of the patients (51/61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 71.9 to 91.8) who received TOL-TAZ and 96.0% of the patients (24/25; 95% CI, 79.6 to 99.9) who received meropenem (difference, -12.4%; 95% CI, -34.9% to 11.1%); in the ME population, clinical cure was seen in 88.7% and 95.8% of the patients (difference, -7.1%; 95% CI, -30.7% to 16.9%) who received TOL-TAZ and meropenem, respectively. TOL-TAZ demonstrated microbiological success against Escherichia coli (89.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (100%), and P. aeruginosa (100%). The adverse event rates were similar in the groups (50.0% with TOL-TAZ and 48.8% with meropenem). TOL-TAZ in combination with metronidazole was well tolerated and resulted in clinical and microbiological success rates supportive of further clinical development in patients with cIAIs. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT01147640.).
Automatic Creation of Object Hierarchies for Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes (2006)

Ray tracing acceleration techniques most often consider only static scenes, neglecting the processing time needed to build the acceleration data structure. With the development of interactive ray tracing systems, this reconstruction time becomes a serious bottleneck if concerned with dynamic scenes. In this paper, we describe two strategies for effcient updating of bounding volume hierarchies (BVH) for scenarios with arbitrarily moving objects. The first exploits spatial locality in the object distribution for faster reinsertion of the moved objects. The second allows insertion and deletion of objects at almost constant time by using a hybrid system, which combines benefits from both spatial subdivision and BVHs. Depending on the number of moving objects, our algorithms adjust a dynamic BVH six to one hundred times faster than it would take to rebuild the complete hierarchy, while rendering times of the resulting hierarchy remain almost untouched.
Large-scale integration of carbon nanotubes into silicon-based microelectronics (2003)

The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into conventional silicon-technology with potential applications as interconnects, transistors, memory-cells, and sensors is an promising goal. Theoretical and experimental results indicate that CNT-based devices can outperform conventional silicon microelectronics. Concepts for the creation of vertical interconnects and transistors made out of CNTs, which allow a large scale integration, are presented. A vital step for their realization is the synthesis of individual CNTs with controlled diameters at lithographically predefined locations. Employing catalyst mediated Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) isolated CNTs have been grown out of holes in silicon dioxide which have been created by optical lithography. This allows the precise placement of individual CNTs on silicon substrates. Furthermore, the diameter of each CNT adjusts to the hole size, which makes it possible to control this important property separately for individual CNTs. In combination with the vertical integration concept those findings constitute a milestone in the parallel manufacture of nanotube-based devices with scalable batch processes.
Characterization of <i>RAD9</i> of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and Evidence that Its Function Acts Posttranslationally in Cell Cycle Arrest after DNA Damage (1990)

In eucaryotic cells, incompletely replicated or damaged chromosomes induce cell cycle arrest in G2 before mitosis, and in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the RAD9 gene is essential for the cell cycle arrest (T.A. Weinert and L. H. Hartwell, Science 241:317-322, 1988). In this report, we extend the analysis of RAD9-dependent cell cycle control. We found that both induction of RAD9-dependent arrest in G2 and recovery from arrest could occur in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, showing that the mechanism of RAD9-dependent control involves a posttranslational mechanism(s). We have isolated and determined the DNA sequence of the RAD9 gene, confirming the DNA sequence reported previously (R. H. Schiestl, P. Reynolds, S. Prakash, and L. Prakash, Mol. Cell. Biol. 9:1882-1886, 1989). The predicted protein sequence for the Rad9 protein bears no similarity to sequences of known proteins. We also found that synthesis of the RAD9 transcript in the cell cycle was constitutive and not induced by X-irradiation. We constructed yeast cells containing a complete deletion of the RAD9 gene; the rad9 null mutants were viable, sensitive to X- and UV irradiation, and defective for cell cycle arrest after DNA damage. Although Rad+ and rad9 delta cells had similar growth rates and cell cycle kinetics in unirradiated cells, the spontaneous rate of chromosome loss (in unirradiated cells) was elevated 7- to 21-fold in rad9 delta cells. These studies show that in the presence of induced or endogenous DNA damage, RAD9 is a negative regulator that inhibits progression from G2 in order to preserve cell viability and to maintain the fidelity of chromosome transmission.
Coconut and <i>Salmonella</i> Infection (1967)

Raw, unprocessed coconut supports the growth of salmonellae as well as that of other enteric bacteria, salmonellae being particularly resistant to subsequent desiccation. Original contamination is not due to carriers or to polluted water supplies, but to contact with bacteria-containing soils followed by dispersion via infected coconut milk and shells. Pasteurization of raw coconut meat in a water bath at 80 C for 8 to 10 min effectively killed such bacteria, did not injure the product, and provided a prophylactic method now widely used by the coconut industry.
The Effects of Penile Girth Enhancement Using Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Gel, a Filler (2010)

Considering the property of material, methods, and follow-up results of 18 months, PGE using filler is a very effective and safe technique for penile augmentation.
A thraustochytrid diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 with broad substrate specificity strongly increases oleic acid content in engineered Arabidopsis thaliana seeds (2013)

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyses the last step in acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis and is an important determinant of cellular oil content and quality. In this study, a gene, designated TaDGAT2, encoding a type 2 DGAT (DGAT2)-related enzyme was identified from the oleaginous marine protist Thraustochytrium aureum. The deduced TaDGAT2 sequence contains a ~460 amino acid domain most closely related to DGAT2s from Dictyostelium sp. (45-50% identity). Recombinant TaDGAT2 restored TAG biosynthesis to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae H1246 TAG-deficient mutant, and microsomes from the complemented mutant displayed DGAT activity with C16 and C18 saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA and diacylglycerol substrates. To examine its biotechnological potential, TaDGAT2 was expressed under control of a strong seed-specific promoter in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and the high linoleic acid fad3fae1 mutant. In both backgrounds, little change was detected in seed oil content, but a striking increase in oleic acid content of seeds was observed. This increase was greatest in fad3fae1 seeds, where relative amounts of oleic acid increased nearly 2-fold to >50% of total fatty acids. In addition, >2-fold increase in oleic acid levels was detected in the triacylglycerol sn-2 position and in the major seed phospholipid phosphatidylcholine. These results suggest that increased seed oleic acid content mediated by TaDGAT2 is influenced in part by the fatty acid composition of host cells and occurs not by enhancing oleic acid content at the TAG sn-3 position directly but by increasing total oleic acid levels in seeds, presumably by limiting flux through phosphatidylcholine-based desaturation reactions.
Benzylzirconium compounds (1969)

Tetrabenzylzirconium, prepared by reaction of benzylmagnesium chloride with ZrCl4, reacts with HCl gas to give benzylzirconium chlorides; the benzylzirconium compounds show catalytic activity in the polymerization of α-olefins.