gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A theoretical study on the interaction between well curved conjugated systems and fullerenes smaller than C<sub>60</sub>or larger than C<sub>70</sub> (2014)

A large body of data exists about the interaction between curved π systems and C60 or C70. However, little is known about the interaction with fullerenes smaller than C60 or larger than C70. To fill that gap, we studied, by means of density functional theory (M06-2X), the interaction between corannulene, pentaindenocorannulene, C60H28 buckycatcher and the following fullerenes: C44, C50, C80, C90, C100, C180 and C240. For fullerenes smaller than C60, their high reactivity facilitated the covalent addition to the hosts assayed. Yet, the reaction energies determined for the covalent addition were comparable to those calculated for the formation of supramolecular complexes. Thus, the receptor may host a fullerene and at least have another one attached. As expected, for fullerenes larger than C70, supramolecular complexes were preferred over covalent assemblies. The binding energies with bowls increased with the size of the fullerenes in a non-monotonic fashion since they depended on the shape of the fullerene. Indeed, for one C80 isomer, it is possible to find a region which forms a complex with corannulene that is stronger than C60@corannulene, while another region exists whose interaction with corannulene is weaker. As the size of the fullerene becomes larger, ball–socket interactions are weakened, and CH–π interactions become important, accounting for the large interaction determined for corannulene and graphene. Finally, for the buckycatcher, the maximum encapsulation energy among the fullerenes assayed was displayed by C90. The fullerenes C80, C90 and C100 formed complexes with the buckycatcher which are stronger than in C60@buckycatcher. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multistar implementation of expandable ShuffleNets (1994)

ShuffleNet is one of the many architectures proposed for multihop lightwave networks. Its advantages include low mean-internodal distance and simple routing. Modular growth of ShuffleNets, however, is generally difficult and requires many hardware and software reconfigurations. The authors consider a multistar implementation of ShuffleNet and discuss how a (p,k) ShuffleNet can be expanded to a (p,k+1) ShuffleNet in modular phases, where each phase increases the number of nodes by only a small fraction and requires only minor hardware and software reconfigurations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Theory of microwave dielectric constant logging using the electromagnetic wave propagation method (1979)

Abstract The composite dielectric constants of earth formations at microwave frequencies are strongly dependent on formation water saturations and relatively independent of water salinities. Therefore, microwave frequency dielectric constant logging offers an attractive new electromagnetic (EM) method of formation evaluation. The EM wave propagation method of dielectric constant logging attempts to deduce the dielectric properties of earth formations from phase shift and attenuation measurements of EM fields which have been propagated in the formation. A device which utilizes this method of well logging has been proposed by Calvert (1974) and Rau (1976) in two recent U.S. patents. We discuss the basic physics underlying the operation of a device of this type and describe the plane wave procedure discussed by these authors for relating the phase shift and attenuation measurements made by such a device to the formation dielectric properties. This procedure is suspect, since it is based on an unrealistic plane wave model which fails to treat the radiation field correctly and ignores the presence of a layer of mud cake which separates the antenna pad from the formation. To determine the errors likely to be inherent in using this procedure in practice, we consider several simple theoretical models of an EM wave propagation tool. Computer experiments performed on these theoretical models indicate that the apparent formation traveltimes obtained by using this procedure are semiquantitatively accurate with relative errors less than five percent in most cases. For our theoretical models, correction plots or departure curves are demonstrated which enable one to deduce the true formation traveltimes, given the apparent values and a knowledge of the dielectric properties and thickness of the mud cake. The problems which remain if this new method of logging is to attain its full potential (e.g., the accurate determination of formation fluid saturations) are discussed.
Monolithic InP-based optical receiver front-end (1988)

Integrated receiver front-ends comprising photodiode, bias resistor, JFET and active load have been fabricated using an all MOVPE quasi-planar embedded process. Primary on-wafer measurements show a sensitivity of -29 dBm at 400 Mbit/s and 1.3 mu m wavelength.
Energy transfer between terbium (III) and cobalt (II) in thermolysin: a new class of metal--metal distance probes. (1975)

The visible fluorescence of terbium(III) when bound to a calcium binding site of thermolysin is greatly enhanced with an excitation maximum at 280 nm but substitution of cobalt(II) for zinc at the active site decreases the intensity by 89.5%. Treatment with N-bromosuccinimide quenches enzyme tryptophan and Tb(III) fluorescence to a similar extent and suggests the operation of tryptophan vector Tb(III) vector Co(II) energy relay system in the enzyme. Dipoledipole radiationless energy transfer between the Tb(III) donor and the Co(II) acceptor can account for this quenching. The inherent characteristics of the metal pair limits the value of the orientation factor, K2, of the Förster equation, thereby reducing uncertainties in distance measurements by energy transfer compared with other systems. A quantum yield of 0.51 yields a value of R0, the distance for 50% energy transfer, of 19.6 A, and a distance, R, between Tb(III) and Co(II) of 13.7 A, a value identical to that measured for the distance between the active site zinc atom and calcium atom number 1 by x-ray analysis in native thermolysin crystals. The limits of confidence of this measurement are discussed. Energy transfer between two different metal atom sites of a protein provides a new class of probes to measure intramolecular distances of biological macromolecules in solution.
Energy of nonlinear internal waves in the South China Sea (2005)

Four sets of ADCP measurements were taken in the South China Sea (SCS); these results were combined with previous satellite observations and internal‐tide numerical model results. Analysis suggests that strong internal tides are generated in Luzon Strait, propagate as a narrow tidal beam into the SCS, are amplified by the shoaling continental slope near TungSha Island, become nonlinear, and evolve into high‐frequency nonlinear internal waves (NIW). Internal waves in the SCS have geographically distinct characteristics. (1) West of Luzon Strait the total internal wave energy ( E iw ) is 10 × that predicted by Garrett‐Munk spectra ( E GM ) (Levine, 2002). There is no sign of NIW. (2) Near TungSha Island E iw = 13 × E GM . Strong nonlinear and high‐harmonic tides are present. Repetitive trains of large‐amplitude NIW appear primarily at a semidiurnal periodicity with their amplitudes modulated at a fortnightly tidal cycle. The rms vertical velocity of NIW shows a clear spring‐neap tidal cycle and is linearly proportional to the barotropic tidal height in Luzon Strait with a 1.85‐day time lag, consistent with the travel time of internal tides from Luzon Strait to TungSha Island. (3) At the northern SCS shelfbreak E iw = 4 × E GM . Single depression waves are found, but no multiple‐waves packets are evident. (4) On the continental shelf E iw = 2 × E GM . Both depression and elevation NIW exist.
Optimal quantization of LSP parameters using delayed decisions (2002)

A previously published study by the authors (Proc. ICASSP, p.394-7, 1988) of optimal quantization of line spectral pair (LSP) parameters is extended by incorporating delayed decisions coding (in frequency). The A* algorithm is proposed for finding the best quantization bit pattern of LSP frequency differences. The best coding pattern is obtained efficiently without an exhaustive, hence prohibitive, search. The proposed search achieves a better rate-distortion performance than the best results obtained in the previous study. At 30 bits/frame, a net gain of 2 bits/frame over the previous results, the novel method achieves 1-dB average spectral distortion. Most importantly, the number of frames with large spectral distortions (>2 dB), which can be subjectively disturbing and degrade the perceived quality of a speech coder, is significantly reduced. The search complexity of the A* algorithm is moderate. While the peak load is comparable to a nonoptimal M-algorithm, the average load is about an order of magnitude lower.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Entrevista realizada al profesor Blázquez Martínez, catedrático emérito de la Universidad Complutense (23 de febrero de 1996) (1996)

Entrevista realizada al profesor don J.M. Blázquez, Dr. en Historia por la Universidad de Salamanca, Catedrático de Historia de España en la misma Universidad y Catedrático Emérito de la Universidad Complutense. Su producción centrada en una amplia variedad de temas sobre Arqueología e Historia de la Hispania Antigua, centrado principalmente en problemas sociales y económicos de los siglos bajoimperiales.
Kidney Transplantation: Mechanisms of Rejection and Acceptance (2008)

We describe the molecular and cellular mechanisms believed to be responsible for the rejection of renal allografts, including acute T cell-mediated rejection, acute antibody-mediated (humoral) rejection, rejection mediated by the innate immune system, and chronic rejection. We present mechanisms of graft acceptance, including accommodation, regulation, and tolerance. Studies in animals have replicated many pathologic features of acute and chronic rejection. We illuminate the pathogenesis of human pathology by reflection from experimental models.
A quadratic programming approach for the mosaicing of virtual slides that incorporates the positioning accuracy of the microscope stage (2010)

We describe a novel approach for creating virtual slides that incorporates the positioning accuracy of the microscope stage in the optimization step. To capture a complete slide in microscopy, a large number of fields of view have to be acquired by moving the microscope stage in a controlled way. These fields of view are aligned in such a way that a globally consistent virtual slide is formed. However, depending on the positioning repeatability of the stage and the accuracy of the stage calibration, this results in alignment errors. These errors are usually resolved by applying a mosaicing algorithm. Our algorithm extends known mosaicing approaches by analyzing the positioning accuracy of the stage and incorporating this knowledge to make the mosaicing process more robust.
NTRC links built-in thioredoxin to light and sucrose in regulating starch synthesis in chloroplasts and amyloplasts (2009)

Plants have an unusual plastid-localized NADP-thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) containing both an NADP-thioredoxin reductase (NTR) and a thioredoxin (Trx) domain in a single polypeptide. Although NTRC is known to supply reductant for detoxifying hydrogen peroxide in the dark, its other functions are unknown. We now report that NTRC plays a previously unrecognized role in the redox regulation of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), a central enzyme of starch synthesis. When supplied NADPH, NTRC activated AGPase in vitro in a redox reaction that required the active site cysteines of both domains of the enzyme. In leaves, AGPase was activated in planta either by light or external feeding of sucrose in the dark. Leaves of an Arabidopsis NTRC KO mutant showed a decrease both in the extent of redox activation of AGPase and in the enhancement of starch synthesis either in the light (by 40-60%) or in the dark after treatment with external sucrose (by almost 100%). The light-dependent activation of AGPase in isolated chloroplasts, by contrast, was unaffected. In nonphotosynthetic tissue (roots), KO of NTRC decreased redox activation of AGPase and starch synthesis in response to light or external sucrose by almost 90%. The results provide biochemical and genetic evidence for a role of NTRC in regulating starch synthesis in response to either light or sucrose. The data also suggest that the Trx domain of NTRC and, to a lesser extent, free Trxs linked to ferredoxin enable amyloplasts of distant sink tissues to sense light used in photosynthesis by leaf chloroplasts and adjust heterotrophic starch synthesis accordingly.
The Myc-miR-17-92 axis amplifies B-cell receptor signaling via inhibition of ITIM proteins: a novel lymphomagenic feed-forward loop (2013)

The c-Myc oncoprotein regulates >15% of the human transcriptome and a limited number of microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we establish that in a human B-lymphoid cell line, Myc-repressed, but not Myc-stimulated, genes are significantly enriched for predicted binding sites of Myc-regulated miRNAs, primarily those comprising the Myc-activated miR-17~92 cluster. Notably, gene set enrichment analysis demonstrates that miR-17∼92 is a major regulator of B-cell receptor (BCR) pathway components. Many of them are immunoreceptor tyrosine inhibitory motif (ITIM)-containing proteins, and ITIM proteins CD22 and FCGR2B were found to be direct targets of miR-17∼92. Consistent with the propensity of ITIM proteins to recruit phosphatases, either MYC or miR-17~92 expression was necessary to sustain phosphorylation of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and the B-cell linker protein (BLNK) upon ligation of the BCR. Further downstream, stimulation of the BCR response by miR-17-92 resulted in the enhanced calcium flux and elevated levels of Myc itself. Notably, inhibition of the miR-17~92 cluster in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines diminished the BCR response as measured by SYK and BLNK phosphorylation. Conversely, human DLBCLs of the BCR subtype express higher Myc and mir17hg transcript levels than other subtypes. Hence, the Myc-miR-17-92-BCR axis, frequently affected by genomic rearrangements, constitutes a novel lymphomagenic feed-forward loop.
Enhanced Multimedia Services Based on Integrated IMS-MBMS Architecture in LTE Networks (2010)

3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) network system provides higher data rate and lower delay with improved coverage and spectrum efficiency for the wireless communications which leads to more creative services emerging, especially the multimedia services. 3GPP introduced the specification of IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) which allows for cost efficient and flexible provision of enriched multimedia services over IP networks. In addition to building network environment for the multimedia service deployment, MBMS is proposed as the broadcast/multicast delivery technology. Up to now the controlling IMS and MBMS are separated subsystems. In this paper, we combine these two systems into an integrated network architecture which enables multimedia services to be deployed using MBMS specifications over IMS core network regarding the long-term vision of the 3GPP SAE/LTE architecture. Finally, the required signaling flow of some typical video services is depicted.
Precision Oncology and the Universal Health Coverage System in Japan (2019)

Although precision oncology is transforming clinical management of patients with cancer, many hospitals face challenges to effectively implement precision oncology. In addition, the cost and time exerted for genomic profiling needs to be balanced with expectations of benefit for each patient. This article summarizes the effort to implement precision oncology in Japan. The most promising development is that tests to profile the genomes of select cancers are now fully covered by the national health insurance system. In May 2019, two gene panels were approved with reimbursement: FoundationOne CDx Cancer Genomic Profile and OncoGuide NCC Oncopanel System, the latter of which was developed in Japan. To make better use of scarce resources, the reimbursement is restricted to patients with solid tumors that have progressed on standard chemotherapy, rare tumors, or tumors of unknown primary. To centralize Japanese precision oncology, the government designated approximately 170 hospitals and stratified them to three layers on the basis of their roles. In addition, Japan's National Cancer Center launched a Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) that collects genomic information and clinical characteristics of patients who received genomic profiling tests. C-CAT is expected to be the central data repository, to match patients with clinical trials, and to assist translational research. The centralized system under the national health insurance system could be a double-edged sword. Although tight regulation may make it hard to keep up with the rapid development of precision oncology, a federated ecosystem for sharing clinical and genomic data will be a precious asset and allow for shared access to data. Access to unapproved drugs and administrative support from C-CAT will be keys for Japanese precision oncology to meet its full potential.
Microstructure and photoluminescence spectra of porous InP (2001)

Photoluminescence (PL) of porous InP formed by electrochemical etching techniques is measured at room temperature. Compared to the PL of the bulk InP wafer, a blueshifted PL emission is observed. It is found that the amount of the blueshifted energy depends on the microstructure of porous InP, which in turn strongly depends on the potential voltage applied during the electrochemical etching. Time-resolved PL study of the sample shows that surface nonradiative recombination is dominant.
Design and implementation of sync engine for automatic installation system of PDA application programs (2004)

The development of Internet technology onto mobile communication technology has brought us wireless Internet, which is growing into a popular service because of it's added convenience of mobility. Wireless Internet was first provided through cellular phones, but the current trend is moving toward PDA (personal digital assistants), which have extended functionality. Applications to increase the functionality of PDA are constantly being developed, and occasionally application software must be installed. Also, when a PDA's power supply becomes fully discharged, all data stored in the RAM (random access memory) becomes obsolete, and programs must be reinstalled. This paper presents an automated application program installation system, IPMS (installation program management system), designed as a solution to the problem of PDA users having to do the installation of application programs on their PDA themselves. When this engine is applied, PDA users can save time and effort required for installations, an added convenience, and application software companies can save on costs previously needed to create materials explaining the installation process.
Anomalous Manganese Activation of a Pyrophosphate Cathode in Sodium Ion Batteries: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study (2013)

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have many advantages such as the low price and abundance of sodium raw materials that are suitable for large-scale energy storage applications. Herein, we report an Mn-based pyrophosphate, Na(2)MnP(2)O(7), as a new SIB cathode material. Unlike most Mn-based cathode materials, which suffer severely from sluggish kinetics, Na(2)MnP(2)O(7) exhibits good electrochemical activity at ~3.8 V vs Na/Na(+) with a reversible capacity of 90 mAh g(-1) at room temperature. It also shows an excellent cycling and rate performance: 96% capacity retention after 30 cycles and 70% capacity retention at a c-rate increase from 0.05C to 1C. These electrochemical activities of the Mn-containing cathode material even at room temperature with relatively large particle sizes are remarkable considering an almost complete inactivity of the Li counterpart, Li(2)MnP(2)O(7). Using first-principles calculations, we find that the significantly enhanced kinetics of Na(2)MnP(2)O(7) is mainly due to the locally flexible accommodation of Jahn-Teller distortions aided by the corner-sharing crystal structure in triclinic Na(2)MnP(2)O(7). By contrast, in monoclinic Li(2)MnP(2)O(7), the edge-sharing geometry causes multiple bonds to be broken and formed during charging reaction with a large degree of atomic rearrangements. We expect that the similar computational strategy to analyze the atomic rearrangements can be used to predict the kinetics behavior when exploring new cathode candidates.
“Molecular trinity” for soft nanomaterials: integrating nucleobases, amino acids, and glycosides to construct multifunctional hydrogelators (2012)

This highlight introduces the development of hydrogelators consisting of nucleobases, amino acids, and glycosides (i.e., molecular trinity), or nucleobases and amino acids (i.e., nucleopeptides). These novel small molecule hydrogelators self-assemble in water to form stable supramolecular nanofibers/hydrogels and exhibit useful biological properties (e.g., biocompatibility, biostability, and the ability to bind and transport DNA into live cells). The approach discussed here not only provides a new strategy to develop soft biomaterials as a form of nanomedicines, but also contributes to the understanding of molecular self-assembly in water by modulating the non-covalent interactions derived from the three basic building blocks used in living organisms.
Association of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness measured by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography with disc size and axial length (2008)

In addition to the effect of ageing, the disc size affected the RNFL thickness measured with HRT, whereas the axial length influenced the RNFL thickness and disc area measured with OCT. These variables must be taken into consideration when measuring eyes with the lower or upper boundary of the normal range.
Inhibition of metalloendopeptidases by 2‐mercaptoacetyl‐dipeptides (1983)

A series of 2-mercaptoacetyl-dipeptides, a potential group of metalloendopeptidase inhibitors, has been synthesized by coupling the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of S-acetyl-2-mercaptoacetic acid with hydrophobic dipeptide methyl ester hydrochlorides, followed by hydrolysis with NaOH in aqueous methanol and acidification with HCl. Thus, the 2-mercaptoacetyl derivatives of L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine, L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine and L-leucyl-D-phenylalanine were prepared. The first two compounds inhibit effectively thermolysin from Bacillus thermoproteolyticus and a metalloendopeptidase isolated from Streptomyces griseus, with Ki values in the micromolar range or below. The third compound inhibits the two enzymes only poorly, showing the stereospecificity of the inhibition process. These inhibitors should provide a useful tool for the study of bacterial and mammalian metalloendopeptidases (or dipeptidyl carboxypeptidases) and for the assessment of their physiological role.