gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Essential fatty acid deficiency depletes rat glomeruli of resident macrophages and inhibits angiotensin II-induced eicosanoid synthesis. (1987)

Essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency exerts a beneficial effect on immune-mediated glomerulonephritis, preventing both the tissue injury and consequent mortality. Because both macrophages and eicosanoids are thought to play pathogenic roles in glomerulonephritis, and because macrophages play an important role in modulating arachidonate metabolism at sites of renal injury, the effects of EFA deficiency on the population of resident glomerular macrophages and on glomerular eicosanoid generation were examined. EFA deficiency led to a striking reduction in the number of resident glomerular macrophages and a corresponding reduction in the number of resident glomerular Ia+ cells. This phenomenon was not strain-specific, was not due to a decrease in circulating monocytes, was not a function of changes in cell surface labeling characteristics, and was not restricted to a specific subset of glomeruli. In addition, EFA deficiency affected other areas of the renal cortex: a comparable depletion of interstitial macrophages and Ia+ cells was also observed. In conjunction with the decrease in glomerular macrophages seen with the deficiency state, a marked decrease in both basal and angiotensin II-stimulated glomerular eicosanoid production was noted. In contrast to angiotensin II, platelet-activating factor-induced eicosanoid production was not significantly affected by the deficiency state. These changes in glomerular eicosanoid production could not be attributed to changes in glomerular cyclooxygenase or reacylation capacity. Dietary (n-6) fatty acid supplementation, but not (n-3) fatty acid supplementation, reversed both the decrease in glomerular macrophages and the diminished eicosanoid metabolism seen with the deficiency state. Understanding the mechanisms behind the changes in the glomerular microenvironment induced by EFA deficiency may provide a basis for elucidating the protective effect of dietary fatty acid manipulation on immune-mediated glomerulonephritis.
New MVAC control by making use of human behavioral based technique to achieve energy efficiency (2012)

This paper presents the development of image-based room occupancy detection algorithm to control the HVAC system. The number of occupants in the area is determined by a color-based image detection technique. Experiment tests have been performed to verify the accuracy of the image detection algorithm. Images can be obtained from the Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera which is installed in the designated area. The image-based room occupancy detection technique can be further developed for the HVAC control system in lecture room and other similar applications. (5 pages)
s-Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine nucleosides. Site of N-glycosylation studies and the synthesis of an N-bridgehead guanosine analog (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTs-Triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine nucleosides. Site of N-glycosylation studies and the synthesis of an N-bridgehead guanosine analogGanapathi R. Revankar, Roland K. Robins, and Richard L. TolmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 9, 1256–1262Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00923a021https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00923a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An XPS study of the UV reduction and photochromism of MoO3 and WO3 (1982)

Crystalline powder pellets of MoO3 and WO3 were irradiated with 253.7 nm radiation at room temperature in vacuum, in the presence of H2 and in the presence of Hg vapor and H2. Electronic changes induced in the surface of the solids were studied by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In vacuo both MoO3 and WO3 turned blue upon irradiation and the XPS spectra supported the reversible formation of +5 oxidation states which reverted upon exposure to air. When MoO3 was irradiated in the presence of H2, a hydrogen/molybdenum bronze containing Mo in the +6, +5, and +4 oxidation states and hydroxyl groups were irreversibly formed. Exposure to UV radiation in the presence of Hg vapor and H2 enhanced the formation of Mo+4 and hydroxyl groups. Irradiation of WO3 in the presence of H2 and Hg vapor/H2 mixtures produced no further reduction of tungsten compared to irradiation alone. The conclusions based upon core electron emissions from molybdenum, tungsten, and oxygen were supported by changes in the valence band spectra.
A numerical study of three-dimensional turbulent channel flow at large Reynolds numbers (1970)

The three-dimensional, primitive equations of motion have been integrated numerically in time for the case of turbulent, plane Poiseuille flow at very large Reynolds numbers. A total of 6720 uniform grid intervals were used, with sub-grid scale effects simulated with eddy coefficients proportional to the local velocity deformation. The agreement of calculated statistics against those measured by Laufer ranges from good to marginal. The eddy shapes are examined, and only the u -component, longitudinal eddies are found to be elongated in the downstream direction. However, the lateral v eddies have distinct downstream tilts. The turbulence energy balance is examined, including the separate effects of vertical diffusion of pressure and local kinetic energy. It is concluded that the numerical approach to the problem of turbulence at large Reynolds numbers is already profitable, with increased accuracy to be expected with modest increase of numerical resolution.
[Effect of electron and steric interactions on the radioprotective properties of indolylalkylamines]. (1986)

Molecular mechanisms of radioprotective action of some substituted indolylalkylamines are discussed in terms of the statistical correlation analysis. It was established that electron and steric properties of the substituents are the factors influencing the radioprotective efficiency of these compounds. It was shown that the correlation obtained, relating the structure of the compounds to the radioprotective effect, may be applied in studies of the mechanism of action of the preparations and for the purposeful synthesis of new compounds.
Independent Component Analysis-Based Background Subtraction for Indoor Surveillance (2008)

In video surveillance, detection of moving objects from an image sequence is very important for target tracking, activity recognition, and behavior understanding. Background subtraction is a very popular approach for foreground segmentation in a still scene image. In order to compensate for illumination changes, a background model updating process is generally adopted, and leads to extra computation time. In this paper, we propose a fast background subtraction scheme using independent component analysis (ICA) and, particularly, aims at indoor surveillance for possible applications in home-care and health-care monitoring, where moving and motionless persons must be reliably detected. The proposed method is as computationally fast as the simple image difference method, and yet is highly tolerable to changes in room lighting. The proposed background subtraction scheme involves two stages, one for training and the other for detection. In the training stage, an ICA model that directly measures the statistical independency based on the estimations of joint and marginal probability density functions from relative frequency distributions is first proposed. The proposed ICA model can well separate two highly-correlated images. In the detection stage, the trained de-mixing vector is used to separate the foreground in a scene image with respect to the reference background image. Two sets of indoor examples that involve switching on/off room lights and opening/closing a door are demonstrated in the experiments. The performance of the proposed ICA model for background subtraction is also compared with that of the well-known FastICA algorithm.
Mean Field for Markov Decision Processes: From Discrete to Continuous Optimization (2012)

We study the convergence of Markov decision processes, composed of a large number of objects, to optimization problems on ordinary differential equations. We show that the optimal reward of such a Markov decision process, which satisfies a Bellman equation, converges to the solution of a continuous Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation based on the mean field approximation of the Markov decision process. We give bounds on the difference of the rewards and an algorithm for deriving an approximating solution to the Markov decision process from a solution of the HJB equations. We illustrate the method on three examples pertaining, respectively, to investment strategies, population dynamics control and scheduling in queues. They are used to illustrate and justify the construction of the controlled ODE and to show the advantage of solving a continuous HJB equation rather than a large discrete Bellman equation.
Smart Windows, Switchable between Transparent, Mirror, and Black States, Fabricated Using Rough and Smooth Indium Tin Oxide Films Deposited by Spray Chemical Vapor Deposition (2013)

Two types of indium–tin oxide films, rough and smooth, with an average grain size of 434 and 71 nm, respectively, were deposited by spray pyrolysis chemical vapor deposition. Using both these films, we fabricated glare tunable transparent electrochemical devices exhibiting reversible optical changes between transparent, mirror, and black states, without any treatments. Under zero bias conditions, the transmittance of the transparent state reached 81.1% at 700 nm. With a bias of -2.5 V, the reflectance of the mirror state reached 82.0% at 700 nm. The total transmittances in the mirror and black state amounted to 0.6% in the visible range.
High-resolution permanent photoresist laminate TMMF for sealed microfluidic structures in biological applications (2011)

We demonstrate the use of photosensitive epoxy laminate TMMF S2045 for the fabrication and sealing of tapered microfluidic channels. The 45 µm thick resist enables the fabrication of shallow sealed cavities featuring extreme aspect ratios of less than 1:40 (h = 45 µm, w = 2000 µm). It also provides high resolution and enables minimum feature sizes of 10 µm. For the fabrication of free-standing structures, an aspect ratio of up to 7:1 was achieved. The dry-film photoresist can be applied easily by lamination onto structured substrates. The total thickness variation of the resist across a 100 mm wafer was determined to be less than ±0.6 µm. Process parameters for the fabrication and sealing of various micro-channels are discussed and optimized in this paper. The main focus was to minimize thermal impact during lamination, soft-bake, exposure and post–exposure bake, which could lead to lid sagging or channel clogging due to liquefaction of uncured resist. We tested TMMF according to ISO 10995-5 and found it to be non-cytotoxic, enabling its use for biological applications. Swelling of less than 5% for incubation of the dry-film resist in several biologically relevant solvents, buffers and cleaning solutions was observed.
Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Macro-Ecological Environment Monitoring (2020)

<p>At present, all countries in the world attach great importance to the development and application of remote sensing technology, which is widely used in many fields. By means of detection methods, this technology combines physics knowledge and modern network technology to provide relevant information for human exploration of geology, atmosphere, ocean and weather. In recent years, the global economy has developed rapidly. However, the environmental pollution has become increasingly serious at the same time. Industrial enterprises have discharged a large number of pollutants, resulting in air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and so on, which seriously endanger human health and life safety. Environmental monitoring is the basis of effective control of environmental pollution. Remote sensing technology can be applied to carry out environmental monitoring and improve the monitoring effect of environmental monitoring.</p>
Resistance of <i>Acanthamoeba</i> Cysts to Disinfection in Multiple Contact Lens Solutions (2009)

Acanthamoebae are free-living amoebae found in the environment, including soil, freshwater, brackish water, seawater, hot tubs, and Jacuzzis. Acanthamoeba species can cause keratitis, a painful vision-threatening infection of the cornea, and fatal granulomatous encephalitis in humans. More than 20 species of Acanthamoeba belonging to morphological groups I, II, and III distributed in 15 genotypes have been described. Among these, Acanthamoeba castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti are frequently identified as causing Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK). Improper contact lens care and contact with nonsterile water while wearing contact lenses are known risk factors for AK. During a recent multistate outbreak, AK was found to be associated with the use of Advanced Medical Optics Complete MoisturePlus multipurpose contact lens solution, which was hypothesized to have had insufficient anti-Acanthamoeba activity. As part of the investigation of that outbreak, we compared the efficacies of 11 different contact lens solutions against cysts of A. castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti (the isolates of all species were genotype T4), which were isolated in 2007 from specimens obtained during the outbreak investigation. The data, generated with A. castellanii, A. polyphaga, and A. hatchetti cysts, suggest that the two contact lens solutions containing hydrogen peroxide were the only solutions that showed any disinfection ability, with 0% and 66% growth, respectively, being detected with A. castellanii and 0% and 33% growth, respectively, being detected with A. polyphaga. There was no statistically significant difference in disinfection efficacy between the 11 solutions for A. hatchetti.
Nano/microchannel fabrication based on SU-8 using sacrificial resist etching method (2012)

Polymer-based nano/microfluidic devices are becoming increasingly important for biological applications and fluidic control. Reported is a new etching method for the fabrication of nano/microfluidic channels based on SU-8 using AZ1350 as a sacrificial resist. In contrast to all the previous fabrication routes, this etching method is suitable for fabricating the channel with dimensions ranging from micrometres to nanometres. By this route, the most critical step is to prevent the two mixed photoresists and this problem is solved by sputtering a thin layer of SiO2. Furthermore, this is a size-controlled nanochannel fabrication method because the size of the channel is only dependent on the sacrificial layer structure whose size could be controlled by the oxygen plasma process. In addition, the developing etching speed is measured and some methods to accelerate the developing etching rate are proposed. This novel process is simple and inexpensive for mass nano/microchannel manufacturing, which could have wide applications in biomedical and fluidic transport systems.
Preharvest nitroprusside flush improves posttransplantation lung function. (1997)

Both methods of NP administration are effective, but NP administration in the recipient is accompanied by a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. From a clinical point of view, NP administration in the flush solution is a sufficiently effective and practical method to reduce lung allograft reperfusion injury.
CTCF Mediates Interchromosomal Colocalization Between <i>Igf2/H19</i> and <i>Wsb1/Nf1</i> (2006)

Gene transcription may be regulated by remote enhancer or insulator regions through chromosome looping. Using a modification of chromosome conformation capture (3C) and fluorescence in situ hybridization, we found that one allele of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2)/H19 imprinting control region (ICR) on chromosome 7 colocalized with one allele of Wsb1/Nf1 on chromosome 11. Omission of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) or deletion of the maternal ICR abrogated this association and altered Wsb1/Nf1 gene expression. These findings demonstrate that CTCF mediates an interchromosomal association, perhaps by directing distant DNA segments to a common transcription factory, and the data provide a model for long-range allele-specific associations between gene regions on different chromosomes that suggest a framework for DNA recombination and RNA trans-splicing.
Dynamic Orientation Sensing for Augmented Reality Using a Dual Axis Accelerometer (2008)

Accurate viewpoint tracking for Augmented Reality applications is a challenging task. This paper presents a new model-based approach to tracking dynamic orientation using accelerometers. However, the inverted pendulum model applied consists of an unstable coupled set of differential\nequations which cannot be solved by conventional solution approaches. A unique method is developed which allows a separation of the unstable transient part of the solution from the stable solution leaving the required orientation. The methods are validated experimentally for\ndynamic translation and rotation in a vertical plane using accelerometer data from an inverted pendulum apparatus. The results are shown to outperform existing state of the art, gyroscope based methods. This proof of concept shows how low-cost accelerometer sensors can potentially to improve head tracking in dynamic AR environments.
Best practices in sexuality education project. (1999)

This news article describes the Sexuality Education Best Practice Sourcebook developed by Planned Parenthood Federation of Canada. It was developed in response to the nations strong need for better information about the practice and content of sexuality education.
Phospholipase C and protein kinase C involvement in mouse embryonic stem-cell proliferation and apoptosis (2003)

Activation of the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) signal transduction system involves stimulation of phospholipase C (PLC) by hormones and other agonists to produce two second messengers, the inositol phosphate, Ins(1,4,5)P3 which releases calcium from intracellular stores, and diacylglycerol which activates protein kinase C (PKC). This study, using activators or inhibitors of PLC and PKC and a calcium ionophore, examined the role of the PtdIns system in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. The PLC inhibitor, U-73122, inhibited ES-cell proliferation and also inhibited PLC activation as evidenced by a decrease in inositol phosphate formation in response to fetal calf serum stimulation. The two PKC activators, the diacylglycerol analogue 1,2, dioctanoyl-sn-glycerol (DOG) and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetra-decanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA), increased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, as did the calcium ionophore, ionomycin. However, co-stimulation with either ionomycin and DOG or ionomycin and TPA resulted in a reduced number of cells. The PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide II (Bis II), significantly decreased the number of ES cells, mainly due to increased apoptosis. The possible feedback effect of PKC on PLC was examined by preincubating ES cells with either the PKC inhibitor Bis II or the activator TPA before stimulation of inositol phosphate production with fetal calf serum; preincubation with Bis II increased inositol phosphate formation whereas preincubation with TPA decreased inositol formation. These results indicate that the PtdIns system is involved in the control of ES-cell proliferation and apoptosis.
Cooperation strategies featuring optimization in the school transportation system in Bogota (2017)

El transporte de estudiantes tiene desafíos importantes en el caso de la ciudad de Bogotá, donde un grupo de escuelas se encuentra en una zona, pero sólo hay una carretera que las conecta con zonas residenciales. Por lo tanto, la congestión del tráfico es alta, generando largos tiempos de viaje, altos costos de operación y problemas de movilidad. Se estudia el impacto de una estrategia cooperativa entre operadores logísticos a través de modelos de programación de entera mixta, para encontrar el diseño óptimo de rutas escolares en una red con la topología que describe el mencionado sistema vial. Se comparan dos estrategias: Cargas mixtas y carga única, donde los estudiantes de diferentes escuelas comparten o no los autobuses disponibles. El objetivo es minimizar los costos totales de operación respetando las ventanas de tiempo de las escuelas. Se presentan los resultados comparativos de los modelos usando enfoques exactos y heurísticos.
Mineral magnetic variation of the Jiaodao Chinese loess/paleosol sequence and its bearing on long‐term climatic variability (2005)

To retrieve reliable long‐term paleoclimatic signals from the Chinese loess/paleosol sequences deposited over the past 2.6 Myr, multiparameter mineral magnetic investigations have been conducted on the Jiaodao section on the Chinese central Loess Plateau. First, the lithogenic magnetic components and the pedogenic overprinting were chemically separated by the citrate‐bicarbonate‐dithionite (CBD) method. The magnetic properties of the least pedogenically altered loess units and post‐CBD loess/paleosols are dominated by coarse‐grained lithogenic magnetite. Increasing degree of pedogenesis increases both the concentration and grain size of pedogenic magnetite/maghemite. Long‐term changes of the pre‐CBD magnetic properties suggest a long‐term decrease in summer monsoon intensity and a long‐term increase in winter monsoon intensity from the late Pliocene to the late Pleistocene. Long‐term variations of the post‐CBD magnetic properties suggest an increase in both concentration and grain size of coarse‐grained lithogenic PSD/MD magnetite grains, and hence indicate a long‐term increase in winter monsoon intensity over that period. The coercivity decrease of the lithogenic component for the loess unit L15 may be related to the accelerated uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions during the period of L15 deposition. From paleosol S5 to loess L1, higher values of coercivity of the lithogenic component occur in typical loess and paleosols, and lower values are found at the loess/paleosol transition. These coercivity variations are thought to be related to significant changes in the source region as well as dust deposition in the Loess Plateau caused by changes in ice/snow or vegetational cover. These new results lead to a better understanding of the relationships between the effects of tectonic, paleoclimatic, and paleoenvironmental processes in northwestern China.