gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transducers for accurate positioning (1985)

This paper discusses the increasing demand in modern mechanical engineering to better measure or characterize the movement of machine tools. In many cases, this demand has been brought about by the drive to improve factory efficiencies, to improve structural designs, and to replace human labor with robotic functions. Factors to consider in sensor selection are listed.
<p>Prevalence and factors associated with suboptimal peak inspiratory flow rates in COPD</p> (2019)

PIFR is reduced in stable COPD patients, with female gender being the only factor consistently associated with reduced PIFR. Discordance with prescribed inhalers was seen in 40% of COPD patients, suggesting that many COPD patients do not generate adequate inspiratory force to overcome prescribed DPIs resistance in the course of normal use.
Local Quaternion Weighted Difference Functions for Orientation Calibration on Electromagnetic Trackers (2006)

The accuracy of the electromagnetic tracking systems has been always an important issue with application to motion and kinematic analysis. Applications in virtual reality and gesture recognition require not only of improved accuracy but also fast error compensation. Several analytic methods have been used in order to correct the position error and they are well known and fast: polynomial fitting, calibration tables, and more recent, neural networks. We are interested in the orientation calibration of working spaces with possible high distortion conditions. Such conditions are prevalent in virtual environment spaces such as the CAVE and it is not always possible to avoid metallic components in the surroundings. We introduce a calibration method for a multiple-sensor electromagnetic tracking system in an environment with highly electromagnetic distortional conditions. The target system is a twelve-sensor Ultratrak Polhemus Inc./sup /spl trade// system. We compare two possible formulations: global parameter estimation and local parameter estimation for the corrective functions. It is assumed that the inverse quaternion error Q/sup -1//spl isin/ exists and it is a function of the three-dimensional location: Q/sup -1//spl isin/ /spl rarr/ f(x,y,z).
Applicability of Metal/Insulator/Metal (MIM) Diodes to Solar Rectennas (2011)

The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of metal/insulator/metal (MIM) diodes illuminated at optical frequencies are modeled using a semiclassical approach that accounts for the photon energy of the radiation. Instead of classical small-signal rectification, in which a continuous span of the dc I-V curve is sampled during rectification, at optical frequencies, the radiation samples the dc I-V curve at discrete voltage steps separated by the photon energy (divided by the electronic charge). As a result, the diode resistance and responsivity differ from their classical values. At optical frequencies, a diode with even a moderate forward-to-reverse current asymmetry exhibits high quantum efficiency. An analysis is carried out to determine the requirements imposed by the operating frequency on the circuit parameters of antenna-coupled diode rectifiers, which are also called rectennas. Diodes with low resistance and capacitance are required for the RC time constant of the rectenna to be smaller than the reciprocal of the operating frequency and to couple energy efficiently from the antenna. Existing MIM diodes do not meet the requirements to operate efficiently at visible-to-near-infrared wavelengths.
The impact of arthritis in rural populations (1995)

Residents in rural areas may experience more arthritis and disability than previously expected. Contrary to other studies, African-American and Caucasian residents of rural Johnston County, North Carolina, have similar high rates of knee and hip OA. Further study is needed to address urban/rural differences in arthritis and its impact, with adequate control of confounders, standard definitions of rural/urban and of disease, and assessment of multiple arthritis outcomes.
Ratiometric and Near‐Infrared Molecular Probes for the Detection and Imaging of Zinc Ions (2007)

The detection and imaging of Zn2+ in biological samples are of paramount interest owing to the role of this cation in physiological functions. This is possible only with molecular probes that specifically bind to Zn2+ and result in changes in emission properties. A "turn-on" emission or shift in the emission color upon binding to Zn2+ should be ideal for in vivo imaging. In this context, ratiometric and near-IR probes are of particular interest. Therefore, in the area of chemosensors or molecular probes, the design of fluorophores that allow ratiometric sensing or imaging in the near-IR region is attracting the attention of chemists. The purpose of this Focus Review is to highlight recent developments in this area and stress the importance of further research for future applications.
Reengineering Inducible Cardiac-Specific Transgenesis With an Attenuated Myosin Heavy Chain Promoter (2003)

Despite the advantages of reversibly altering cardiac transgene expression, the number of successful studies with inducible cardiac-specific transgene expression remains limited. The utility of the current system is hampered by the large number of lines needed before a nonleaky inducible line is isolated and by the use of a heterologous virus-based minimal promoter in the responder line. We developed an efficient, experimentally flexible system that enables us to reversibly affect both abundant and nonabundant cardiomyocyte proteins. The use of bacterial-codon-based transactivators led to aberrant splicing, whereas other more efficient transactivators, by themselves, caused disease when expressed in the heart. The redesign of the system focused on developing stable transactivator-expressing lines in which expression was driven by the mouse alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter. A minimal responder locus was derived from the same promoter, in which the GATA sites and thyroid responsive elements responsible for robust cardiac specific expression were ablated, leading to an attenuated promoter that could be inducibly controlled. In all cases, whether activated or not, expression mimicked that of the parental promoter. By use of this system, an inducible expression of an abundant contractile protein, the atrial isoform of essential myosin light chain 1, and a powerful biological effector, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), were obtained. Subsequently, we tested the hypothesis that GSK-3beta expression could reverse a preexisting hypertrophy. Inducible expression of GSK-3beta could both attenuate a hypertrophic response and partially reverse a pressure-overload-induced hypertrophy. The system appears to be robust and can be used to temporally control high levels of cardiac-specific transgene expression.
Multi-phase permanent magnet motor drives (2004)

In this paper, a new five-phase brushless permanent magnet motor is proposed. The proposed motor has concentrated windings so the produced back-EMF is almost trapezoidal. The motor is supplied with the combined sinusoidal plus third harmonic of currents. For presenting the superior performance of the proposed five-phase motor, its three and five-phase counterparts are also analyzed. By changing the number of turns and slot width, the amount of copper and iron are kept constant in all motors so that the copper and core losses are almost the same. Finite element method is used for studying the flux density and calculating the developed static torque. Also, the developed torque is obtained using the mathematical model in d-q frame. The average torque and the torque ripple of all cases are presented and compared.
X-ray diffraction and TEM analysis of Fe–Al alloy layer in coating of new hot dip aluminised steel (2003)

AbstractAbstractThe phase structure in the Fe-Al alloy layer of a new hot dip aluminised steel has been researched by means of electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction and TEM, etc. The test results indicated that the Fe-Al alloy layer of the new aluminised steel was composed of Fe3Al, FeAl, a few Fe2Al5 and α-Fe (Al) solid solution. There was no brittle phase containing higher aluminium content, such as FeAl3 (59.18 wt-%Al) and Fe2Al7 (62.93 wt-%Al). The tiny cracks and brittlement, formerly caused by these brittle phases in the conventional aluminium coated steel, were effectively eliminated. There was no microscopic defect (such as tiny cracks, pores or loose) in the coating. This is favourable for resisting high temperature oxidation and corrosion of the aluminised steel.
E-beam induced fabrication of microstructures (1992)

E-beam-induced deposition of metal from a metal organic gas has been used for the formation of microstructures of various geometries. Three examples, line deposition, needle growth and bridge formation, have been selected for demonstration. Important parameters of the tungsten (W) deposition process from W(CO)/sub 6/ gas, such as minimum feature size, positional accuracy and growth rate, are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cellular origin and extent of clonal involvement in multiple myeloma: genetic and phenotypic studies (1994)

The cellular origin and extent of clonal involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) are controversial. The third-complementarity-determining region (CDR3) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene is the target region of VH replacements and somatic mutations. We analysed the CDR3 sequences of myeloma cells from eight newly diagnosed and three relapsed patients in order to elucidate the target cell of malignant transformation in MM. We also examined the extent of clonal involvement in MM using a CDR3 clone-specific nucleic acid probe. The peripheral lymphocytes from the five MM patients were separated into fractions such as CD34+, CD20+CD10+, CD20+CD21+, CD20+CD19- and CD2+ cells. Amplified CDR3 DNAs from these subpopulations were hybridized with the probe specific to each patient's tumour cells. We found no evidence of ongoing VH replacements or somatic mutations in CDR3 in MM. However, frequent nucleotide mutations in D and JH segments were observed. Circulating malignant cells were detected in the CD34+ and all of the CD20+ subpopulations, but not in the CD2+ fraction. MM is a neoplasm originating from a B-lineage cell which has already undergone antigen-dependent selection. Nevertheless, the tumour cells are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations at various stages of differentiation, similar to normal B-lineage cells. Conversely, T cells were not involved in MM. These results imply that there is an analogous developmental pathway between the normal B-lineage cells and the tumour cells of MM.
Sensing developers' emotions (2018)

Software developers experience a wide variety of emotions during their work and research is now focusing on the role played by these emotions on software developers productivity as well as on their wellbeing. In this paper, we propose a replication of a study aimed investigating to what extent biometric sensors can be used to automatically detect developers' emotions during programming tasks. The long-term goal of our research is to discover which emotions affect developers' productivity and wellbeing during their work. Specifically, we aim at defining approaches for early detection of negative affective states that are known to impair mental wellbeing and productivity.1
Dynamic parity logging disk arrays for engineering database systems (1997)

RAID (redundant arrays of inexpensive disks) has gained much attention in the recent development of fast I/O systems. Of the five levels, the traditional mirrored disk array still provides the highest I/O rate for small ‘write’ transfers. This is because the mirrored disk array has no small ‘write’ problem which is found in other levels of RAID. The authors propose a novel RAID architecture for fast engineering database systems, called dynamic parity logging (DPL) disk array. DPL disk array has no small ‘write’ problem and can provide much higher ‘write’ throughput than other RAID architectures. DPL disk array also has journalling capability, which means that some older design versions are kept for future references. A queueing model for DPL disk array is built. Analytical results, supported by simulation, show that the DPL disk array can provide the highest ‘write’ throughput when compared to RAID levels 1, 4, and 5.
Object and method exploration for embedded systems applications (2007)

The growing complexity of embedded systems has claimed for more software solutions in order to reduce the time-to-market. However, while this software decrease the development time of the embedded system functionalities , it must at the same time help the handling of the embedded systems tight constraints, like energy, power and memory availability. Object orientation is now a common technique to write maintainable code, but its application to the embedded systems domain is withhold by the overhead in terms of memory, performance and code size. This paper introduces a methodology to explore object-oriented embedded software improving different levels in the software design, while dealing with different embedded systems requirements (power, memory area and performance). The proposed approach transforms the original OO code into an optimized code allowing the automatic configuration of a solution for a specific application. Experimental results with an MP3 player show a large design space exploration with different solutions in terms of performance, energy and memory.
Designing optical free-form surfaces for extended sources (2014)

LED lighting has been a strongly growing field for the last decade. The outstanding features of LED, like compactness and low operating temperature take the control of light distributions to a new level. Key for this is the development of sophisticated optical elements that distribute the light as intended. The optics design method known as tailoring relies on the point source assumption. This assumption holds as long as the optical element is large compared to the LED chip. With chip sizes of 1 mm² this is of no concern if each chip is endowed with its own optic. To increase the power of a luminaire, LED chips are arranged to form light engines that reach several cm in diameter. In order to save costs and space it is often desirable to use a single optical element for the light engine. At the same time the scale of the optics must not be increased in order to trivially keep the point source assumption valid. For such design tasks point source algorithms are of limited usefulness. New methods that take into account the extent of the light source have to be developed. We present two such extended source methods. The first method iteratively adapts the target light distribution that is fed into a points source method while the second method employs a full phase space description of the optical system.
Antidiabetes and Anti‐Obesity Activity of <i>Lagerstroemia speciosa</i> (2007)

The leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa (Lythraceae), a Southeast Asian tree more commonly known as banaba, have been traditionally consumed in various forms by Philippinos for treatment of diabetes and kidney related diseases. In the 1990s, the popularity of this herbal medicine began to attract the attention of scientists worldwide. Since then, researchers have conducted numerous in vitro and in vivo studies that consistently confirmed the antidiabetic activity of banaba. Scientists have identified different components of banaba to be responsible for its activity. Using tumor cells as a cell model, corosolic acid was isolated from the methanol extract of banaba and shown to be an active compound. More recently, a different cell model and the focus on the water soluble fraction of the extract led to the discovery of other compounds. The ellagitannin Lagerstroemin was identified as an effective component of the banaba extract responsible for the activity. In a different approach, using 3T3-L1 adipocytes as a cell model and a glucose uptake assay as the functional screening method, Chen et al. showed that the banaba water extract exhibited an insulin-like glucose transport inducing activity. Coupling HPLC fractionation with a glucose uptake assay, gallotannins were identified in the banaba extract as components responsible for the activity, not corosolic acid. Penta-O-galloyl-glucopyranose (PGG) was identified as the most potent gallotannin. A comparison of published data with results obtained for PGG indicates that PGG has a significantly higher glucose transport stimulatory activity than Lagerstroemin. Chen et al. have also shown that PGG exhibits anti-adipogenic properties in addition to stimulating the glucose uptake in adipocytes. The combination of glucose uptake and anti-adipogenesis activity is not found in the current insulin mimetic drugs and may indicate a great therapeutic potential of PGG.
Peer-to-peer streaming: design and challenges (2010)

Streaming multimedia content over the Internet is extremely popular mainly due to emerging applications such as IPTV, YouTube and e-learning. All these applications require simultaneous streaming of multimedia content from one or multiple sources to a large number of users. Such applications impose unique requirements in terms of server bandwidth and playback delay which are difficult to achieve in a scalable fashion with the traditional client-server architecture. Peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays offer a promising approach to support scalable streaming applications, that we broadly refer to as “P2P streaming”. Design of a scalable P2P streaming mechanism that accommodates heterogeneity of peers’ bandwidth and copes with dynamics of peer participation while ensuring in-time delivery of the multimedia content to individual peers is extremely challenging. Besides these fundamental challenges, P2P streaming applications are facing practical issues such as encouraging peers’ contribution and decreasing the costly inter-ISP P2P traffic. 
In this dissertation, we study several aspects of live P2P streaming with the goal of improving the performance of such systems. This dissertation can be categorized into two parts as follows. (i) We present the design and evaluation of a mesh-based live P2P streaming mechanism, called PRIME. Further, we perform a head-to-head comparison between the two approaches on live P2P streaming, namely tree-based and mesh-based. We demonstrate the superiority of the mesh-based approach. In the quest for a systematic comparison of existing mesh-based solutions on live P2P streaming, we leverage the insights from our design in PRIME and propose an evaluation methodology. Utilizing the evaluation methodology, we compare the performance of existing mesh-based live P2P streaming solutions. (ii) From a more practical perspective, we tackle some of the existing practical issues in the deployment of live P2P streaming applications, namely providing incentives for participating peers to contribute their resources and designing ISP-friendly live P2P streaming protocols with the ultimate goal of reducing costly inter-ISP traffic. In the end, this dissertation reveals fundamental trade-offs in the design, comparison and meaningful evaluation of basic and practical live P2P streaming mechanisms under realistic settings. 
This dissertation includes my previously published and my co-authored materials.
HISTAMINASE IN THE TREATMENT OF ALLERGIC DERMATOSES (1940)

The discovery by Best and McHenry<sup>1</sup>of an enzyme which specifically inactivates histamine suggests its use in the treatment of allergic cutaneous disorders. It has been shown that there is a release of so-called H substance in the blood during allergic shock and that this H substance may be histamine. Innumerable writers have endeavored to demonstrate the fact that histamine must be the trigger mechanism which prepares the skin for various reactions, particularly the so-called triple response of vasodilatation (streak), wheal exudative (edema) and reflex nervous dilatation (flare), which is dermatographism or urticaria itself.<sup>2</sup>If this fact is true, then the assumption that treatment of these allergic states with histaminase is well founded and worthy of an extended trial before being discarded as another false hope in the long list of attempts to combat the allergic dermatoses. Histamine may be obtained from the liver, lungs, skin and other
Chronic Achilles and patellar tendon pain: new approaches to treatment (2003)

The author examines the studies of chronic painful conditions in the mid-portion of the Achilles tendon, chronic insertional Achilles tendon pain and chronic pain in the patellar tendon including the pathology, imaging and management. (non-author abstract)
Bosutinib, dasatinib, imatinib, nilotinib, and ponatinib differentially affect the vascular molecular pathways and functionality of human endothelial cells (2018)

The tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), nilotinib, ponatinib, and dasatinib (but not bosutinib or imatinib), are associated with vascular adverse events (VAEs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Though the mechanism is inadequately understood, an effect on vascular cells has been suggested. We investigated the effect of imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib on tube formation, cell viability, and gene expression of human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found a distinct genetic profile in HUVECs treated with dasatinib, ponatinib, and nilotinib compared to bosutinib and imatinib, who resembled untreated samples. However, unique gene expression and molecular pathway alterations were detected between dasatinib, ponatinib, and nilotinib. Angiogenesis/blood vessel-related pathways and HUVEC function (tube formation/viability) were adversely affected by dasatinib, ponatinib, and nilotinib but not by imatinib or bosutinib. These results correspond to the differences in VAE profiles of these TKIs, support a direct effect on vascular cells, and provide direction for future research.
New developments in STED microscopy (2010)

STED microscopy has gained recognition as a method to break the diffraction limit of conventional light microscopy. Despite being a new technique, STED is already successfully implemented in life science research. The resolution enhancement is achieved by depleting fluorescent markers via stimulated emission. The performance is significantly dependent on the laser source and the fluorescence markers. Therefore the use of novel fluorescent markers in conjunction with the right laser system was the main focus of our research. We present new developments and applications of STED microscopy, unraveling structural details on scales below 90nm and give an overview of required specifications for the solid state laser systems.
Rhenium-188 HEDP To Treat Painful Bone Metastases (2001)

This large clinical trial verified that Re-188 HEDP is a useful radiopharmaceutical agent to treat painful bone metastases from various tumor types.
Beyond 35 GBIT/IN/sup 2/: using a merged notched head on advanced thermally stable media (2005)

Summary form only given. The complete presentation was not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.