gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Radiographical and histological characteristics of ssubmerged and nonsubmerged titanium implants. An experimental study in the Labrador dog. (1996)

Using 5 Labrador dogs, certain characteristics of the peri-implant tissues were analyzed after a 1-step surgical procedure for installation of Brånemark implants. Six titanium implants, in each mandibular quadrant, were installed in the regions of the right and left first molars and the fourth and third premolars. In the right mandibular quadrant, a traditional 2-step procedure was employed, whilst in the left quadrant, a 1-step procedure was carried out. The animals were monitored during a 6-month period. Biopsies of the healed peri-implant mucosa showed signs of superficial inflammation. The histological analysis revealed that i) the connective tissue lateral to the junctional epithelium showed limited accumulations of inflammatory cells (PICT), and ii) that at implant sites that had been exposed to the oral cavity for 6 months (1-step implants), an inflammatory cell infiltrate (abutment ICT) consistently was present in the tissues facing the abutment-fixture junction (AFJ). This infiltrate was separated from the bone crest by a 0.8-mm-wide zone of normal connective tissue. Irrespective of the surgical procedure applied, the radiographic and histometric measurements disclosed that i) the crestal bone loss was about 2.4 mm, ii) the height of the peri-implant mucosa varied from 3.5 mm to 3.9 mm, iii) the bone crest was located 1.1-1.5 mm apical of AFJ as well as of the apical termination of the junctional epithelium (aJE), and iv) a junctional epithelium of 2.1-2.4 mm faced the implant surface. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that, using a dog model, titanium dental implants ad modum Brånemark installed according to a 1-step or to a 2-step surgical procedure will obtain similar soft tissue adaptation and proper bone anchorage (osseointegration). Further studies are, however, required to ascertain the long-term clinical feasibility of the 1-step approach.
Microfabrication of conductive polymer nanocomposite for sensor applications (2012)

This dissertation developed novel microfabrication techniques of conductive polymer nanocomposite and utilized this material as a functional element for various physical sensor applications. Microstructures of nanocomposite were realized through novel microcontact printing and laser ablation assisted micropatterning processes. Prototype devices including large-strain strain sensor and highly-sensitive pressure sensor were demonstrated showing distinct advantages over existing technologies. The polymer nanocomposite used in this work comprised elastomer poly(dimexylsiloxane) (PDMS) as polymer matrix and multi-walled carbon nananotubes (MWCNTs) as a conductive nanofiller. To achieve uniform distribution of carbon nanotubes within the polymer, an optimized dispersion process was developed, featuring a strong organic solvent—chloroform, which dissolved PDMS base polymer easily and allowed monodispersion of MWCNTs. Following material preparation, three novel approaches were employed to pattern microstructures of polymer nanocomposite, each of which held respective advantages over previous fabrication techniques. For example, microcontact printing, by using a pre-defined stamp, directly transfers nanocomposite patterns from the ink reservoir to a substrate. Therefore, it eliminates the need of repeated photolithography process for every sample, saving time and cost. For another example, two variations of the laser assisted screen printing technique with micropatterns defined by the programmable laser ablation of a thin polymer film, allowed direct filling of nanocomposite and required only a CAD drawing for each design of sensor sample. Two variations of this fabrication protocol realized both fully embedded nanocomposite structures in a bulk polymer, as well as protruding relief-patterns of the nanocomposite on a polymer surface. The sensing capability of the polymer nanocomposite is attributed to the unique combination of mechanical flexibility and electrical piezoresistivity. To demonstrate feasibility for practical sensor applications, two sensor prototypes were constructed. The strain sensor, for example, showed significant resistive response while sample withheld large range tensile strain of over 45%. Also, the fabricated pressure sensor indicated high sensitivity of differential pressure. Each prototype showed distinctive advantages over conventional technologies. Complex hysteresis effects were observed and analyzed regarding the resistance and stress of the nanocomposite, which was followed by discussions of potential polymeric mechanisms.
Resistance to the chemosensitizer verapamil in a multi‐drug‐resistant (MDR) human multiple myeloma cell line (1996)

Inhibitors of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or chemosensitizers, such as verapamil, are used to reverse multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer patients. Clinical studies in patients with myeloma have shown that some patients with P-gp-positive cancer cells respond to the chemosensitizing effect of verapamil. However, this response is short-lived and tumor cells ultimately become resistant to chemosensitizers. To study mechanisms of resistance to chemosensitizers, a human myeloma cell line, 8226/MDR10V, was selected from a P-gp-positive cell line, 8226/Dox40, in the continuous presence of doxorubicin and verapamil. MDR10V cells are consistently more resistant to MDR drugs than parent cells, Dox40. Chemosensitizers, including verapamil and cyclosporin A, were less effective in reversing resistance in MDR10V compared with Dox40 cells. Verapamil and cyclosporin A were only partially effective in blocking P-gp drug efflux in MDR10V compared to Dox40 cells. Despite higher resistance to cytotoxic agents, MDR10V cells express less P-gp in the plasma membrane than do its parent cells, Dox40. [3H]Azidopine photoaffinity labeling of P-gp and its binding competition with unlabeled verapamil showed similar affinity for P-gp between Dox40 and MDR10V cell lines. Non-P-gp-mediated mechanisms of drug resistance, including over-expression of MRP and alterations in topoisomerase II, were not different for MDR10V cells compared with Dox40 cells. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Accent reduction for computer-aided language learning (2012)

This paper studies accent reduction techniques which are used to provide English learners with their own converted speech as a reference for speaking skills training. Three kinds of modifications, namely prosodic modification, segmental modification and combined modification are compared and examined using objective measurements. Two different corpora, a prosody abundant corpus and a prosody flat corpus, are used in our study. Modified utterances show a clear reduction of accentedness and an acceptable acoustic quality when compared with the original speech, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed accent reduction techniques. Furthermore, differences between experimental results from the two corpora in terms of the reduction of accentedness are observed and explanations for this phenomenon are presented. This paper also discusses other issues in this area for future research.
Enhanced Functionality of Nanotube Atomic Force Microscopy Tips by Polymer Coating (2004)

To stabilize nanotube-modified atomic force microscopy tips and extend their functionality, a method for conformal polymer coating of the tips and removal of the polymer from just the probing nanotube end is described. Expressions quantifying stabilization of the tips against buckling and bending due to stresses encountered while imaging are developed. Electrical conductivity of the probes is demonstrated by their use in scanned conductance microscopy, where a substantial sensitivity advantage over standard tips is realized and explained. Further advantages of these electrically insulated (save for the tip) probes are discussed, including their proposed application in bioelectrochemical research.
Cord blood monocyte subsets are similar to adult and show potent peptidoglycan‐stimulated cytokine responses (2011)

Human monocytes can be divided into two major subpopulations, CD14(++) CD16(-) and CD14(+) CD16(+) cells, which are suggested to play different roles in antimicrobial responses. In neonates, characteristics and functional responses of monocyte subsets have not previously been explored, and might contribute to the qualitative difference between neonatal and adult cytokine profiles. We report that at baseline, monocyte subsets in cord blood and adult peripheral blood are present in similar frequencies, and show similar expression of CD11c, CD80/CD86, CD163 and HLA-DR. In response to the bacterial ligand peptidoglycan, cord blood monocytes had high inherent capacity for production of the early-response cytokines with levels of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-12p70 exceeding adult levels, and also a higher phosphorylation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase. The CD14(+) CD16(+) cells expressed more interleukin-12p70 than CD14(++) CD16(-) cells and were present in a higher frequency in peptidoglycan-stimulated cord blood mononuclear cell cultures. Together, the behaviour of cord blood CD14(+) CD16(+) cells following peptidoglycan stimulation might indicate a qualitative difference between the neonatal antimicrobial response and that of the adult. In addition we found that serum factors in cord blood and adult sera affected cytokine production similarly, with the exception of tumour necrosis factor, regardless of the source of serum or cells. Overall, our data provide new insights into monocyte heterogeneity in cord blood and monocyte subset responses to a bacterial ligand at birth.
Spatially Resolved Spectroscopy and Structurally Encoded Imaging by Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy of Quadrupolar Spin Systems (2002)

Enhancement of the sensitivity of magnetic resonance force microscopy allowed the extension of the technique to observe half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. This is demonstrated for various different compounds and nuclei with different spin numbers. The possibility of obtaining spatially localized spectral information through the quadrupole interaction is implemented by using nutation NMR. This enables us to superimpose a contrast function on the image of materials depending on their local lattice structure. This opens up new possibilities for both surface and subsurface studies in materials chemistry.
High frequency label-free photoacoustic microscopy of single cells (2013)

Photoacoustic measurements of melanoma cells and red blood cells (RBCs) using ultra-high frequency (UHF) wide-bandwidth transducers are reported. In this detection system, the resolution typically depends on the parameters of the receiving transducer, and not the focus of the laser. A single melanoma cell was imaged with 200, 375 and 1200 MHz transducers. As the frequency increased, the resolution increased, resulting in greater detail observed. A single RBC was imaged at 1200 MHz, showing the contours of the cell. While lateral and axial resolutions approaching 1 μm are possible with this microscope, the key advantage is the ability to perform a wide-bandwidth quantitative signal analysis of the photoacoustic signals. The power spectrum of the signals measured from RBCs showed distinct spectral minima around 800 and 1500 MHz which are directly related to the RBC geometry. This study reports on the high-resolution imaging capabilities and quantitative analyses using UHF photoacoustic microscopy.
Analysis of Pneumocystis carinii Cyst Wall. II. Sugar Composition (1990)

Pneumocystis carinii cysts are capable of resisting host defenses and antimicrobial drugs and are therefore thought to be responsible for relapses of P. carinii pneumonia in AIDS and other immunocompromised patients. The interaction of P. carinii with its host, and other P. carinii, might be mediated by molecules which form the outer surfaces of this organism. Carbohydrates are known to play many roles in cell-cell adhesion, and have been detected on the surface of P. carinii by lectin labeling experiments. In this study P. carinii cyst wall material was obtained from Zymolyase treatment. Alditol acetate derivatives of neutral and amino sugars or trimethylsilyl derivatives of methyl glycosides were prepared from the monosaccharides released from the sample by acid hydrolysis. Analyses were done by a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Glucose was found to be the major sugar constituent. Mannose and galactose were present in equal ratios. A lesser amount of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and trace amounts of ribose and sialic acid were present in the cyst wall samples analyzed. These sugars may mediate P. carinii-host interaction and play an important protective role by creating a permeability barrier around the cyst.
Experimental Investigation into the Stress Distribution in a Band-Reinforced Pressure Vessel (1959)

A model of a band-reinforced, cylindrical, reactor pressure vessel has been manufactured and tested. The vessel dimensions were 5 ft inside diameter by 9 ft overall length, with hemispherical ends, nominal plate thickness being 1 in. throughout. Hoop reinforcement on the barrel consisted of 3-in. wide circumferential bands, each band being built up of 13 layers of -in. strip, giving a total band thickness of 1 [Formula: see text] in. Full details of design, construction, and method of manufacture are given. A complete experimental investigation into the stress distribution in the vessel has been carried out, using electrical resistance strain gauges, both at its design pressure of 1000 lb/in 2 and also at twice this pressure. The stress distribution on the inner surface of the barrel, on the outer surface of the bands, and local to the tangent line has been measured. These results are compared with theoretical calculations. Finally, the vessel was pressurized to destruction. The results show that, as would be expected, the band reinforcement was not fully effective. However, the general stress level was maintained within acceptable limits, the theoretical stresses being exceeded by about 20 per cent. The bursting pressure of 3940 lb/in 2 confirms the safety of the design, that is, a design factor of safety of 3·94. It is considered that the results of the investigation fully demonstrate the safety and merits of the design.
Pro- and Prebiotics: The Role of Gut Microbiota in Obesity (2015)

Containing 33 chapters the book is an invaluable source of information and essential reading for everyone working with probiotics, prebiotics and the gut microbiotflora. Topics range from the different microorganisms used as probiotics (lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, yeast, etc) and techniques and approaches used (metagenomics, etc) to the reviews of the clinical and medical aspects.
ChemInform Abstract: Phases in the Boundary Range of the Zintl‐Phase Class: Sr<sub>5</sub>Sn<sub>2</sub>P<sub>6</sub> (I) and SrSnP (II). (1986)

Abstract The novel compound (I) (prepared from the elements) crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pbam with Z=2.
Premature mortality from coronary heart disease. The Framingham study (1971)

Since 1948, a cohort of 5,209 residents of Framingham, Mass, have been examined biennially. In the first 14 years, 120 died of coronary heart disease (CHD) before reaching 65 years of age. Two thirds of these deaths occurred outside the hospital—the majority suddenly— within one hour of onset of the terminal event. Nearly one half of the deaths from the initial coronary attack were sudden and unexpected. One half of all persons with sudden deaths had no prior clinical heart disease. While nonsudden coronary deaths were ordinarily preceded by clinical CHD, the disease was frequently first manifest close to the final episode. Only a small percentage of persons were seriously disabled six months before their death. Even among persons with known CHD, nearly one half of the deaths occurred outside the hospital. It is concluded that the only road to a substantial reduction in premature CHD mortality is prevention of CHD.
Mn(III)-based oxidative free radical cyclization of unsaturated ketones. (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMn(III)-based oxidative free radical cyclization of unsaturated ketones.Barry B. Snider and Bridget McCarthy ColeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 17, 5376–5377Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00122a006https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00122a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views650Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Zoning in practice (1920)

Abstract This was considered the most valuable paper delivered at the recent Buffalo Conference on City planning. It represents the new, California viewpoint in some respects and advances ideas that are not, as yet at least, universally accepted, although received with entire respect by city planners.
Performance of concatenated Reed-Solomon/convolutional codes with iterative decoding (2002)

The concatenated coding scheme using convolutional coding with Viterbi decoding for inner code and Reed-Solomon (RS) code for the outer code is an attractive scheme used in a wide range of digital transmission systems. In this paper, we present some results on the iterative decoding of this concatenated coding scheme. This iterative decoding algorithm combines the iterative decoding algorithm for a block turbo code and the iterative decoding algorithm for a convolutional turbo code. The iterative decoding of the concatenated RS/convolutional coding scheme is based on the soft decoding and the soft decision of the component codes. The performance of the iterative decoding of those concatenated codes has been evaluated on the Gaussian channel using Monte Carlo simulation. Coding gains up to 7.1 dB for a BER (bit error rate) of 10/sup -5/ have been obtained on the Gaussian channel.
Delayed mirror visual feedback presented using a novel mirror therapy system enhances cortical activation in healthy adults (2015)

This study is the first to achieve delayed MVF for upper-limb MT. Our approach confirms previous findings regarding the effects of MVF on cortical activation and contributes additional evidence supporting the use of this method in the future for upper-limb motor training in patients with stroke.
Statistical modeling for a 0.6 μm BiCMOS technology (2002)

A methodology enabling the generation of accurate statistical circuit simulator (SPICE-level) parameter sets for a 0.6 /spl mu/m BiCMOS process is described. Conventional MOS and BJT parameter extraction practices are too time-consuming to be a realistic option for the construction of the required statistical SPICE parameter database. In this work, accurate relationships are derived between E-Test (WAT) parameters and SPICE-level parameters. Typically E-Test data is routinely monitored and readily available while SPICE-level parameters are much more difficult and expensive to obtain.
Cooperative Extension: A Century of Innovation (2014)

As Cooperative Extension celebrates its 100th anniversary in 2014, the Land-Grant System will be reflecting on the first century of accomplishments and preparing for a second century of education. This commentary is the first in a series of six throughout the year that will analyze the rich history of Cooperative Extension, examine its role in contemporary society, and help us collaboratively envision the future of this unique American educational endeavor.
Prophylactic Antifungal Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit (2001)

Antifungal prophylaxis is regularly used during treatment of patients with some cancers, as subgroups with high rates of invasive fungal infections are readily identified; for these patients, prophylaxis has been shown to be of value. High-risk liver transplant recipients also benefit from antifungal prophylaxis. Although the idea of extending this concept to the prevention of candidal infections in the larger population of critically ill patients who are seen in the intensive care unit (ICU) and who do not have neutropenia is attractive, implementation of this strategy is difficult because of the widely varying characteristics of patients in the ICU. Two studies have shown the benefit of such prophylaxis, but the benefit was shown only in selected groups of patients who had an unusually high risk for invasive candidiasis. Although the concept is sound, broad-scale implementation of antifungal prophylaxis would be premature and costly, both financially and with regard to resistance and toxicity. Investigations are needed to define and prove the utility of predictive tools for the identification of patients in the ICU who would benefit from prophylaxis.
Personal Rapid Transit as Feeder–Distributor to Rail (2012)

Efficient feeder–distributor systems around train stations are important in attracting train passengers. Such systems would be a suitable application for personal rapid transit (PRT). This paper suggests layouts and operations strategies for transfer stations between PRT and heavy rail. Ticket handling can be avoided by having the train fare include PRT trips. Ridesharing can be encouraged by destination signs. The catchment area that can be efficiently served is related to the interval between trains. The capacity of the station and guideway can be improved by coupling PRT vehicles in the station and decoupling them as necessary en route. Applications in Sweden are illustrated with the PRTsim software. In one case, outgoing PRT vehicles were loaded to 78%.