gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Single Dose Parenteral Hyposensitization to Poison Ivy Urushiol in Guinea Pigs (1995)

Studies were carried out in guinea pigs to evaluate the potential for single dose hyposensitization to poison ivy urushiol dermatitis. Sensitization was induced by topical application of 1 mg of poison ivy urushiol to the back of the neck. In the first series of studies, three different analogs of poison ivy urushiol were studied: 1) a mixture of pentadecyl and heptadecyl catechols (PDC/HDC), the saturated side chain analog of the natural urushiol mixture; 2) a mixture of the diacetate esters of PDC and HDC (PDC/HDC Ac), the esterified form of the saturated sidechain analogs; 3) 2-n-pentadecyl hydroquinone diacetate (HQ Ac). Each of these compounds was administered as 5 mg of the free catechol i.m. each week for three weeks. A vehicle group received only corn oil injections. Reactivity to poison ivy urushiol (PIU) challenge was evaluated in skin tests at 1 and 5 weeks post-treatment. PDC/HDC Ac induced a marked reduction in both the incidence and the severity of lesions induced by PIU at both 1 and at 5 weeks post-treatment. Other analogs were ineffective at 5 weeks post-treatment, and were less effective than PDC/HDC Ac at 1 week post-treatment. In a second series of experiments, the efficacy of PDC/HDC Ac was evaluated in both single and multiple dose regiments. One treatment group received 5 mg of PDC/HDC Ac intramuscularly each week for 4 weeks, while another treatment group received a single dose of 20 mg PDC/HDC Ac i.m. Corresponding vehicle control groups were also included. At 1 week post-treatment in the single dose group, the PDC/HDC Ac was only modestly effective, with some reduction of severity of lesions at the higher challenge doses of PIU. However, at 4 and 7 weeks post-treatment, both the incidence and the severity of the lesions at all challenge doses were reduced. In the multiple dose group, the incidence and severity of lesions are reduced at 1 week and 4 weeks post-treatment (4 weeks and 7 weeks after the initial dose) but were not significantly different from the single dose group. These findings indicate that the diacetate ester of PDC/HDC is an effective hyposensitizer to poison ivy urushiol, and that this hyposensitization can be reasonably accomplished in a single dose treatment regimen.
Object-Based Shadow Extraction and Correction of High-Resolution Optical Satellite Images (2012)

Shadows in remote sensing images often cause problems, especially in land-cover classification and change detection. Hence, it is very useful if the radiance of shadow areas is corrected to the same level as that of shadow-free areas. In this study, a radiance measurement was carried out to investigate the spectral characteristics of sunlight. Then a method is proposed for shadow detection and correction of optical imagery. First, building shadow areas are detected using an object-based classification method that employs brightness values and their relationship with the neighboring area. Next, the detected shadow areas are corrected using a linear function to produce a shadow-free image. The shadow pixels with different darkness levels are corrected by using different ratios to obtain a smoothly restored image. The proposed semi-automated method was applied to a QuickBird and a WorldView-2 images of Tokyo, Japan, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
You Dream, You Plan (2003)

近年来,随着IIPC业务的不断发展,IIPC的员工队伍也在不断壮大,如何吸引和留住核心的员工成为IIPC人力资源管理的一个重点。IIPC很重视通过培养新人以形成合理的人才结构、人才梯度,每年都会到国内知名院校做校园招聘,选择有潜质、综合素质较高的大学毕业生,应聘毕业生已经成为IIPC重要的人才渠道。在招聘毕业生的时候,IIPC很看重应聘者的资质。IIPC认为,人的资质包括软和硬两个方面,如知识和技能是属于硬性的,好不好人们一眼就可以看出来,也可以通过学习获得;而做人的态度、人品等是属于软性的,人们不容易发现。一个人做人的态度决定了其未来
Microphone-array hearing aids with binaural output. II. A two-microphone adaptive system (1997)

For pt.I see ibid., vol.5, no.6, p.529-42, 1997. This work is aimed at developing a design for the use of a microphone array with binaural hearing aids. The goal of such a hearing aid is to provide both the spatial-filtering benefits of the array and the natural benefits to sound localization ability and speech intelligibility that result from binaural listening. The present study examines a design in which two ear-level omnidirectional microphones constitute the array. The merging of array processing with binaural listening is accomplished by dividing the frequency spectrum, devoting the lowpass part to binaural processing and the highpass part to adaptive array processing. Acoustic and behavioral measurements were made in an anechoic chamber and in a moderately reverberant room to assess the trade-off between sound localization and speech reception as the cutoff frequency was varied. A lowpass/highpass cutoff frequency of 500 Hz provided an improvement of 40 percentage points in sentence intelligibility over unaided listening for normal-hearing listeners, while still allowing adequate localization performance. Comparison of this binaural adaptive system to traditional amplification configurations with normal-hearing listeners showed improvements in speech reception in noise in a mildly reverberant room of approximately 3 dB over simple binaural amplification and 5 dB over monaural amplification.
Traffic management for mobile broadband networks (2011)

Mobile terminals are becoming the primary Internet devices for most of the people in the world, and smartphone users are generating on average 10 times more traffic than other users. Current forecasts expect mobile data traffic to grow by 300-500 percent over the next 10 years, whereas the capacity of cellular infrastructure only doubles every two years. In order to cope with these challenges, it is critical that telecom operators and Internet service providers adopt smarter traffic management and pricing strategies. By 2020, more than half of the revenue in the global broadband industry is likely to be from two business models: "wholesale" and "two-sided" fees for improved access capacity and quality. These models require enforcement of stringent policy control mechanisms for bandwidth management, quality of service (QoS), and service level agreements.
Kinetics of the Factor XIa catalyzed activation of human blood coagulation Factor IX. (1984)

The kinetics of activation of human Factor IX by human Factor XIa was studied by measuring the release of a trichloroacetic acid-soluble tritium-labeled activation peptide from Factor IX by a modification of a method described for bovine Factor IX activation by Zur and Nemerson (Zur, M., and Y. Nemerson, 1980, J. Biol. Chem., 255:5703-5707). Initial rates of trichloroacetic acid-soluble 3H-release were linear over 10-30 min of incubation of Factor IX (88 nM) with CaCl2 (5 mM) and with pure (greater than 98%) Factor XIa (0.06-1.3 nM), which was prepared by incubating human Factor XI with bovine Factor XIIa. Release of 3H preceded the appearance of Factor IXa activity, and the percentage of 3H released remained constant when the mole fraction of 3H-labeled and unlabeled Factor IX was varied and the total Factor IX concentration remained constant. A linear correlation (r greater than 0.98, P less than 0.001) was observed between initial rates of 3H-release and the concentration of Factor XIa, measured by chromogenic assay and by radioimmunoassay and added at a Factor IX:Factor XIa molar ratio of 70-5,600. Kinetic parameters, determined by Lineweaver-Burk analysis, include Km (0.49 microM) of about five- to sixfold higher than the plasma Factor IX concentration, which could therefore regulate the reaction. The catalytic constant (kcat) (7.7/s) is approximately 20-50 times higher than that reported by Zur and Nemerson (Zur, M., and Y. Nemerson, 1980, J. Biol. Chem., 255:5703-5707) for Factor IX activation by Factor VIIa plus tissue factor. Therefore, depending on the relative amounts of Factor XIa and Factor VIIa generated in vivo and other factors which may influence reaction rates, these kinetic parameters provide part of the information required for assessing the relative contributions of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to Factor IX activation, and suggest that the Factor XIa catalyzed reaction is physiologically significant.
Comparative anatomy and histochemistry of human and canine latissimus dorsi muscle. (1990)

Gross and histologic studies of human and canine latissimus dorsi muscle were carried out to identify anatomic and histochemical properties that may be relevant to its use as a resource muscle, particularly for heart reconstruction. In both human and canine latissimus dorsi, three distinct muscle segments were observed, differing in direction of fibers, fiber characteristics, thickness, and blood supply. The entire canine latissimus dorsi could also be separated into superficial and deep layers, whereas only the anterolateral segment of human latissimus dorsi was separated further by the neurovascular bundle. Histochemical studies suggested significant differences between the ratios of fast to slow fibers in the superior and anterolateral segments of human muscle. Variation in size, weight, and shape within and between subjects demonstrates a need for careful evaluation of the potential resource muscle.
Quasi-optical grid amplifiers and oscillators (2002)

Recent work in active quasi-optical coupled arrays have shown this technology to be a feasible and promising method for achieving efficient and high-power solid state power combining. Quasi-optical techniques should find greatest use at millimeter-wave frequencies where waveguide circuits are lossy and difficult to build. In this paper, we examine some of the advantages of this technology and review the recent developments in active grid arrays. Because of their versatility, special emphasis is given to transistor grids and their use as oscillators and amplifiers.
Concise Review: Saliva and Growth Factors: The Fountain of Youth Resides in Us All (1995)

The predominant focus of research dealing with saliva revolves around the role in the maintenance of oral health through a number of physiological and biological properties of constituent proteins. An ever-expanding literature exists indicating that the salivary glands additionally synthesize, and secrete into saliva, a wide range of growth factors. Animal studies with epidermal growth factor have provided evidence for a role in both oral and systemic health, through the promotion of wound healing rates. Thus, the ability to manipulate their rates of synthesis and absorption from saliva holds the potential to enhance tissue regeneration and homeostasis.
Report on Trimethylamine in Fish (1959)

Journal Article Report on Trimethylamine in Fish Get access W J Dyer W J Dyer Associate Referee Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Volume 42, Issue 2, 1 November 1959, Pages 292–294, https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/42.2.292 Published: 03 February 2020
RoboEarth (2011)

Humans can use the Internet to share knowledge and to help each other accomplish complex tasks. Until now, robots have not taken advantage of this opportunity. Sharing knowledge between robots requires methods to effectively encode, exchange, and reuse data. In this article, we present the design and first implementation of a system for sharing knowledge between robots.
Mapping Systolic Arrays onto 3D Circuit Structures: Accelerating Convolutional Neural Network Inference (2018)

In recent years, numerous designs have used systolic arrays to accelerate convolutional neural network (CNN) inference. In this work, we demonstrate that we can further speed up CNN inference and lower its power consumption by mapping systolic arrays onto 3D circuit structures as opposed to conventional 2D structures. Specifically, by operating in 3D space, a wide systolic array consisting of a number of subarrays can efficiently implement wide convolutional layers prevalent in state of the art CNNs. Additionally, by accumulating intermediate results along the third dimension, systolic arrays can process partitioned data channels in parallel with reduced data skew for lowered inference latency. We present a building block design using through-silicon vias (TSVs) for the 3D realization of systolic subarrays. We validate the 3D scheme using a 2.5D FPGA design and demonstrate that when mapped onto 3D structures wide systolic arrays can scale up in size without increasing wiring length in interconnecting subarrays. Further, by taking full advantage of 3D structures, we are able to pipeline inference across multiple layers of a CNN over a series of systolic arrays, dramatically reducing the inference time per input sample. These improvements lead to significantly reduced inference latency, which is especially important for real-time applications where it is common to process samples one at a time.
Several Norms of Operators on Banach Lattices (2002)

We present some positive results involving the several norms of operators on Banach lattices, which shows several relations of these operator norms.
The Epidemiology of Listeriosis in the United States—1986 (1991)

To determine the morbidity and mortality due to listeriosis in the United States, the authors undertook an active surveillance project in 1986 to identify all cases in which Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from cultures of ordinarily sterile sites in a population of 34 million persons. The authors estimated that at least 1,700 cases of listeriosis and 450 deaths occurred in the United States in 1986; 27% of these cases occurred in pregnant women, with 22% of perinatal cases resulting in stillbirths or neonatal deaths. The risk of listeriosis in adults (0.5 per 100,000 population) was similar in all regions studied; the incidence of perinatal listeriosis was three times higher in Los Angeles County, California, than in the other areas (24.3/100,000 live births vs. 7.8/100,000 live births). Geographic variation may have resulted from underdiagnosis of perinatal listeriosis in five of the study areas. Multilocus electrophoretic enzyme typing was useful for elucidating the molecular epidemiology of L. monocytogenes; perinatal listeriosis was significantly associated with one group of related strains. Multilocus electrophoretic enzyme typing also identified three clusters representing possible common-source outbreaks. These findings document the substantial morbidity due to listeriosis in the United States; to the extent that sporadic listeriosis is foodborne, this morbidity could be reduced by appropriate preventive measures, particularly in persons known to be at increased risk of infection.
A Study on the Way of Development for Rural Extension Work in Korea under the Period of Localization (1999)

Rural extension work in Korea has been carried out as a national government project by the Rural Development Administration since 1962. But almost all of the extension workers transferred to local government employ in 1997 and the 7,480 extension workers in 1997 decreased to 5,082 by the end of 1999 through restructuring of the government system. Traditionally, the extension worker has carried out educational jobs but many extension workers was to carry out the administrative responsibility in addition to the educational job as the rural extension system was changed. This study was to evaluate the rural extension system under the localization, extension activities, methods, extension worker's morale, and so forth. Most of extension workers are embarrassed about the changing of the extension system and their duty.
Protocol conversion (1988)

The problem of achieving communication between two processes across a network or an internetwork is considered. The notion of logical connectivity between processes in a protocol is formalized. The problem of constructing a protocol converter to achieve interoperability between processes that implement different protocols is addressed. A formal model is presented, based on the theory of protocol projection, for reasoning about the semantics of different protocols and conversions between them. Two kinds of converters are presented: memoryless converters and finite-state converters. The construction of some finite-state converters is illustrated, and examples are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Seismic critical-angle anisotropy analysis in the τ-p domain (2009)

Abstract Seismic critical-angle reflectometry is a relatively new field for estimating seismic anisotropy parameters. The theory relates changes in the critical angle with azimuth of the seismic line to the principal axis and anisotropy parameters. Current implementation of the critical-angle reflectometry process has certain shortcomings in that the critical angle is determined from critical offset and the process is vulnerable to different approximation errors. Seismic critical-angle analysis in the plane-wave (τ-p) domain can handle these issues and has the potential to become an independent tool for estimating anisotropy parameters. The theory of seismic critical-angle reflectometry is modified to make it suitable for τ-p domain analysis. Then using full-wave synthetic seismograms at three different azimuths for a transversely isotropic medium with a horizontal axis of symmetry (HTI), the effectiveness of anisotropy parameter estimation is demonstrated.
Parallelized short read assembly of large genomes using de Bruijn graphs (2011)

Developing parallel assemblers for large genomes has been garnering significant research efforts due to the explosive size growth of high-throughput short read datasets. By employing hybrid parallelism consisting of multi-threading on multi-core CPUs and message passing on compute clusters, PASHA is able to assemble the human genome with high quality and in reasonable time using modest compute resources.
Leonardo da Vinci on Movement of the Heart and Blood (1952)

Any work about Leonardo da Vinci, the almost fabulous man of science, should intrigue the intelligent reader and stimulate his curiosity. On reading this book, one will have renewed admiration for the genius of Leonardo and will be grateful for the skillful manner in which the author guides the reader through the maze of Leonardo's anatomic work. The author sketches Leonardo's importance as an artist, a physicist, and an engineer but does not attempt to describe all of Leonardo's achievements in the field of anatomy. He confines his attention to Leonardo's anatomic work on the heart and blood vessels, pointing out his mistakes as well as his achievements. Leonardo, an accurate observer in most instances, was, however, so steeped in the anatomic teachings of Galen and Avicenna that he described septal pores in the heart and represented the right pulmonary veins as entering the right auricle. On the other hand,
Random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR based cloning of markers to identify the beer-spoilage strains of Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus damnosus, Lactobacillus collinoides and Lactobacillus coryniformis (2005)

This paper proves that RAPD-PCR is an efficient method for cloning the strain-specific genes from bacteria. The markers described here is one of the most useful tools to identify the beer-spoilage strains of lactic acid bacteria.
Outlook for coeliac disease patients: towards bread wheat with hypoimmunogenic gluten by gene editing of α- and γ-gliadin gene families (2019)

The results demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of using CRISPR/Cas9 to simultaneously edit multiple genes in the large α- and γ-gliadin gene families in polyploid bread wheat. Additional methods, generating genomics and proteomics data, will be necessary to determine the exact nature of the mutations generated with both methods.
Formulation of a killed whole cell pneumococcus vaccine - effect of aluminum adjuvants on the antibody and IL-17 response (2011)

Antibodies are important for protection against systemic streptococcal disease and IL-17 is critical in the prevention of nasopharyngeal colonization by S. pneumoniae in the mouse model. The formulation of the whole killed bacterial cells with AH resulted in a stable vaccine that induced both antibodies and an IL-17 response. These experiments underscore the importance of formulation studies with aluminium containing adjuvants for the development of stable and effective vaccines.
Etude cinétique de la dégradation du poly(oxytétraméthylèneoxytéréphtaloyle) (1978)

Abstract The kinetics of thermal degradation of poly(oxytetramethyleneoxyterephthaloyl) was studied. This polyester undergoes a pyrolysis reaction in the temperature range of processing via a statistical mechanism proceeding by a random scission of the carbon‐oxygen bondings. This phenomenon is characterized by an energy of activation of 189,2kJ/mol (45,2kcal·mol −1 ) and by a negative entropy of activation [−20,3J·mol −1 ·K −1 (−4,84cal·mol −1 ·K −1 )]. Like most of the esters with a hydrogen atom in β position, this polyester undergoes degradation by an intramolecular mechanism involving the formation of a cyclic transition state. The very high value of the degradation constant of this polycondensate is probably a result of the presence, in this chain, of the very flexible tetramethylene segment.
Bioartificial Kidney Ameliorates Gram-Negative Bacteria-Induced Septic Shock in Uremic Animals (2003)

The bioartificial kidney (BAK) consists of a conventional hemofiltration cartridge in series with a renal tubule assist device (RAD) containing 10(9) porcine renal proximal tubule cells. BAK replaces filtration, transport, and metabolic and endocrinologic activities of a kidney. Previous work in an acutely uremic dog model demonstrated that BAK ameliorated endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS])-induced hypotension and altered plasma cytokine levels. To further assess the role of BAK in sepsis in acute renal failure, dogs were nephrectomized and 48 h later administered intraperitoneally with 30 x 10(10) bacteria/kg of E. coli. One hour after bacterial administration, animals were placed in a continuous venovenous hemofiltration circuit with either a sham RAD without cells (n = 6) or a RAD with cells (n = 6). BP, cardiac output, heart rate, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and systemic vascular resistance were measured throughout the study. All animals tested were in renal failure, with blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine concentrations greater than 60 and 6 mg/dl, respectively. RAD treatment maintained significantly better cardiovascular performance, as determined by arterial BP (P < 0.05) and cardiac output (P < 0.02), for longer periods than sham RAD therapy. Consistently, all sham RAD-treated animals, except one, expired within 2 to 9 h after bacterial administration, whereas all RAD-treated animals survived more than 10 h. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, IL-10, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured during cell RAD and sham RAD treatment. IL-10 levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) during the entire treatment interval in the RAD animals compared with sham controls. These data demonstrated in a pilot large animal experiment that the BAK with RAD altered plasma cytokine levels in acutely uremic animals with septic shock. This change was associated with improved cardiovascular performance and increased survival time. These results demonstrate that the addition of cell therapy to hemofiltration in an acutely uremic animal model with septic shock ameliorates cardiovascular dysfunction, alters systemic cytokine balance, and improves survival time.