gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Visible and Ultraviolet Light Photogeneration of Hydroxyl Radicals by 2‐Methyl‐4‐nitro‐quinoline‐<i>N</i>‐oxide (MNO) and 4, 4′‐Dinitro‐(2, 2′) bipyridinyl‐N, N′‐dioxide (DBD) (1998)

Chemicals that upon absorption of light generate hydroxyl radicals (.OH), free of other damaging species under physiological conditions, are useful tools for the study of the biological effects of .OH radical and for its utilization for analytical purposes. We report the novel property of 2-methyl-4-nitro-quinoline-N-oxide (MNO) and 4,4'-dinitro-(2,2')bipyridinyl-N,N'-dioxide (DBD) to act as photogenerators of .OH with UV and visible light. Upon irradiation with 360-400 nm light MNO and DBD generate free radicals that convert coumarin carboxylic acid (CCA) to fluorescent 7-OH-CCA; the .OH radical scavengers dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol eliminate the induction of 7-OH-CCA fluorescence. Upon 400 nm illumination in the presence of MNO, supercoiled plasmid DNA is converted to circular and strand breakage is significantly reduced in the presence of DMSO and completely absent in the absence of MNO. The conversion of CCA to 7-OH-CCA and of supercoiled plasmid to circular DNA are also observed in the absence of oxygen. Taken together, these data indicate that MNO and DBD constitute novel .OH-generating compounds. Because currently known .OH-photogenerating compounds require UV illumination (< 360 nm) that also damages DNA and cells directly, the property of MNO to generate .OH upon 400 nm illumination is advantageous when studies on cells, DNA and other biomolecules are conducted.
Ectromelia virus virulence factor p28 acts upstream of caspase-3 in response to UV light-induced apoptosis (2000)

Ectromelia virus (EV) virulence factor p28 (EVp28) is a member of a family of poxvirus proteins that are defined largely by the presence of a C-terminal RING finger motif and localization to virus factories within the cytoplasm of infected cells. Previously, overexpression of the Shope fibroma virus (SFV) homologue, N1R, in vaccinia virus (VV)-infected BGMK cells was found to inhibit virus-induced apoptosis. Here, we report that both EVp28 and overexpression of SFV N1R in poxvirus-infected HeLa cells protect specifically from UV light-induced apoptosis, but not from apoptosis induced by Fas or TNF. Further, we report that both VV and EV protect from apoptosis induced by UV, Fas and TNF. Immunoblot analysis indicates that EVp28 acts upstream of caspase-3, blocking activation of the protease in response to UV irradiation. Although no difference was found in replication of an EVp28(-) mutant virus, which expresses a truncated p28 protein lacking the RING motif, compared to EV wild-type in HeLa cells, UV irradiation of infected HeLa cells reduced the replication of the EV mutant compared with wild-type EV.
Experimental photonic time-slot interchanger using optical fibers as reentrant delay-line memories (1986)

An experimental system has been designed and built that interchanges digital data from time slots in its input to time slots in its output. The data are carried by optical fibers, are switched by Ti:LiNbO3 directional couplers,1 and remain in photonic form throughout. The format is a series of frames, each with a start-bit and N sequential time slots. Thus the system is an N × N time-division switch.
Resistance to the Corn Leaf Aphid in the Grass Tribe Maydeae123 (1972)

Journal Article Resistance to the Corn Leaf Aphid in the Grass Tribe Maydeae Get access Terry F. Branson Terry F. Branson Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Brookings, South Dakota 57006 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 65, Issue 1, 1 February 1972, Pages 195–196, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/65.1.195 Published: 01 February 1972 Article history Received: 17 March 1971 Published: 01 February 1972
A Portable and Autonomous Magnetic Detection Platform for Biosensing (2009)

This paper presents a prototype of a platform for biomolecular recognition detection. The system is based on a magnetoresistive biochip that performs biorecognition assays by detecting magnetically tagged targets. All the electronic circuitry for addressing, driving and reading out signals from spin-valve or magnetic tunnel junctions sensors is implemented using off-the-shelf components. Taking advantage of digital signal processing techniques, the acquired signals are processed in real time and transmitted to a digital analyzer that enables the user to control and follow the experiment through a graphical user interface. The developed platform is portable and capable of operating autonomously for nearly eight hours. Experimental results show that the noise level of the described platform is one order of magnitude lower than the one presented by the previously used measurement set-up. Experimental results also show that this device is able to detect magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of 250 nm at a concentration of about 40 fM. Finally, the biomolecular recognition detection capabilities of the platform are demonstrated by performing a hybridization assay using complementary and non-complementary probes and a magnetically tagged 20mer single stranded DNA target.
A Double-Sum Identity (T. E. Phipps, Jr.) (1972)

Previous article Next article A Double-Sum Identity (T. E. Phipps, Jr.)J. W. RieseJ. W. Riesehttps://doi.org/10.1137/1014082PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAbout"A Double-Sum Identity (T. E. Phipps, Jr.)." SIAM Review, 14(3), pp. 498–499 Previous article Next article FiguresRelatedReferencesCited ByDetails Volume 14, Issue 3| 1972SIAM Review385-546 History Published online:18 July 2006 InformationCopyright © 1972 Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsPDF Download Article & Publication DataArticle DOI:10.1137/1014082Article page range:pp. 498-499ISSN (print):0036-1445ISSN (online):1095-7200Publisher:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Sterols of Algae. III.<sup>1</sup> The Occurrence of Ergosterol in Chlorella pyranoidosa<sup>2</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSterols of Algae. III.1 The Occurrence of Ergosterol in Chlorella pyranoidosa2Marylin Klosty and Werner BergmannCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 6, 1601Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01126a513https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01126a513research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Facile Anchoring of the Bisphosphonate Moiety into Alcohols and Phenols through Copper Carbenoid Mediated O-H Insertion Reaction (2007)

A straightforward procedure ensuring the anchoring of bisphosphonate moiety into alcohols or phenols is described. The method uses a bisphosphonate-metal-carbenoid O-H insertion ­reaction for which copper(II) triflate was found to be an efficient catalyst.
[Influence of local air suction on the density of air-borne bacteria during cementation of alloplasties]. (1997)

At joint replacement operations local air suction is used to reduce the air pollution from organic solvents in the operation theatre during insertion of cement and prosthesis. In order to find out whether the local suction in an ultraclean-air operation theatre with laminar airflow influenced the number of colony forming units (cfu) of bacterial in vicinity of the wound, one m3 of air was sampled 20 cm and one metre from the wound before, during and after use of local suction during insertion of cement and prosthesis using a Sartorius membrane filter sampler. There was no significant difference between the groups in the numbers of cfu of bacteria found. It is concluded that use of local air suction over the operative area while cementing hip prosthesis does not affect the number of bacteria in the vicinity of the operation.
Bandwidth and central frequency control on tunable bandpass filter by using MEMS cantilevers (2003)

This paper deals with a tunable bandpass filter topology which controls independently and simultaneously both the central frequency and bandwidth. This tunable filter results from the association of MEMS cantilevers, used as variable capacitors, with an original passive topology. The latter is based on dual behavior resonators (DBRs), each of them is constituted of low- and high-frequency open-ended stubs. The associated filter electrical response is characterized by tunable frequency transmission zeros. A millimeter bandpass filter with central frequency and relative bandwidth tunability of about 10 and 75%, respectively, is presented.
Role of heat transfer and fluid flow in the chemical vapor deposition of diamond (1990)

The role of fluid flow and heat transfer in determining the quality of the diamond films and the rate of their deposition in a hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) reactor was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and enthalpy were solved numerically to calculate the temperature and fluid flow fields. Experiments were conducted with various flow configurations, and the deposition rates and the spatial variations of film thickness were examined in each case. The films were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, x-ray, and scanning electron microscopy. The influences of free and forced convection, and diffusion due to concentration and temperature gradients (Soret effect) were examined. Comparison of the computed results with the experimental data revealed the importance of thermal diffusion in the HFCVD of diamond.
High-Efficiency, Environment-Friendly Electroluminescent Polymers with Stable High Work Function Metal as a Cathode:  Green- and Yellow-Emitting Conjugated Polyfluorene Polyelectrolytes and Their Neutral Precursors (2004)

A series of aminoalkyl-substituted polyfluorene copolymers with benzothiadiazole (BTDZ) of different content were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction, and their quaternized ammonium polyelectrolyte derivatives were obtained through a postpolymerization treatment on the terminal amino groups. Copolymers are soluble in environmentally friendlier solvents, such as alcohols. It was found that the efficient energy transfer occurs by exciton trapping on the narrow band gap BTDZ site under UV illumination. Only 1% of BTDZ content is needed to completely quench a fluorene emission for both the neutral and the quaternized copolymers in the neat film. Absolute PL efficiencies of copolymer films were greatly enhanced as a result of the suppression of excimer formation. Light-emitting devices fabricated from these copolymers show high external quantum efficiencies over 3% and 1% for the neutral precursor and the quaternized copolymers, respectively, with high work function metals such as Al as a cathode. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on an electroluminescent polymer which bears the high EL efficiency, the electron-injection ability from high work function metals, and the solubility in environment-friendly solvents at the same time. These features make them a promising candidate for the next generation of light-emitting copolymers in PLED flat panel display application.
On geochemical prospecting; I (1939)

Abstract The first type of geochemical prospecting, that of searching for and recognizing visible oil and gas seeps, is one of the oldest methods of prospecting for petroleum deposits. A second type of geochemical prospecting, that of soil gas analysis, has been of record in the literature for some ten years, and depends upon the microanalysis, for hydrocarbons, of "underground" or interstitial soil air. A third type of geochemical prospecting is described, that of soil analysis, which has been recently developed and depends upon the separation, identification and quantitative determination of significant constituents which are entrained, occluded and adsorbed by the soil particles. These significant constituents exhibit a wide range of molecular weights, from hydrogen through gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons and their derivatives. All these constituents tend to show the same significant patterns, which in general fall into two classes, the narrow elongated pattern characteristic of faulting, and the localized "halo" pattern which tends to follow and define the edges of the underlying production. This "halo" pattern has been found over both structural and stratigraphic traps.
China - PCF Xiaogushan Hydropower Project : resettlement action plan (2004)

The project will requisition or occupy land of 796.31 mu, most of which is state-owned unused barren and mountainous land, except 24.8 mu state-owned forest land and 254.8 mu of grazing land. Six households will be affected by the land acquisition. Though the land to be acquired is small as compared to the total land of Bajiaowan village (only accounting for 1.0 percent of the village's total grazing land), it is difficult nonetheless to reallocate grazing land to them due to the fact that existing 30 years land contracts will not expire until 2012. Therefore, land acquisition will impose a significant adverse impact to displaced persons in the village. The entitlement scheme will be as follows: Pay cash compensation equivalent to twice or eight times the value of total yearly mean output value, depending on the quantity of lost land. A new plot for a lost house or business should be equal in size and quality, or compensation should be paid. Pay cash compensation for structures (enclosures, walls, wells, drying yard, sheep pens), young crops, and trees. Restore irrigation facilities, at no lower than original level. Water supply levels should be maintained or a new water supply facility should be provided. Subsidies for house removal will include cost of removal, damage, medical treatment, etc. Business subsidies will equal net commercial income for two months. Special aid to vulnerable households will include the offer of long-term employment opportunities.
Use of rhBMP-2 Activated Chitosan Films To Improve Osseointegration (2006)

Considering the design and development of biomaterials used in tissue engineering, not only is it important that they are biocompatible but also that they induce the desired cellular response for tissue regeneration. Chitosan, a biocompatible and bioresorbable polymer of N-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine is used in our work combined with recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2), a potentially useful activation factor for bone repair. In this way, we try to combine the biological and filmogenic properties of this biopolymer with the osseoinductive ability of the rhBMP-2. Results showed that the chitosan films employed, without and with rhBMP-2 activation, are able to support cellular growth and proliferation on them and that only the rhBMP-2 activated ones are able to differentiate from a myoblastic mouse cell line (C2C12) toward osteoblastic phenotype. Osseoinduction properties of rhBMP-2 activated films persist for a long storage time. The in vivo experiments performed confirm the expectative created by the in vitro results obtained and are an indication that rhBMP-2 activated chitosan films could be a very attractive biomaterial for the enhancement of osseointegration of surgical prostheses and implants and for the purpose of tissue engineering bone regeneration.
Evolution Stings: The Origin and Diversification of Scorpion Toxin Peptide Scaffolds (2013)

The episodic nature of natural selection and the accumulation of extreme sequence divergence in venom-encoding genes over long periods of evolutionary time can obscure the signature of positive Darwinian selection. Recognition of the true biocomplexity is further hampered by the limited taxon selection, with easy to obtain or medically important species typically being the subject of intense venom research, relative to the actual taxonomical diversity in nature. This holds true for scorpions, which are one of the most ancient terrestrial venomous animal lineages. The family Buthidae that includes all the medically significant species has been intensely investigated around the globe, while almost completely ignoring the remaining non-buthid families. Australian scorpion lineages, for instance, have been completely neglected, with only a single scorpion species (Urodacus yaschenkoi) having its venom transcriptome sequenced. Hence, the lack of venom composition and toxin sequence information from an entire continent's worth of scorpions has impeded our understanding of the molecular evolution of scorpion venom. The molecular origin, phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary histories of most scorpion toxin scaffolds remain enigmatic. In this study, we have sequenced venom gland transcriptomes of a wide taxonomical diversity of scorpions from Australia, including buthid and non-buthid representatives. Using state-of-art molecular evolutionary analyses, we show that a majority of CSα/β toxin scaffolds have experienced episodic influence of positive selection, while most non-CSα/β linear toxins evolve under the extreme influence of negative selection. For the first time, we have unraveled the molecular origin of the major scorpion toxin scaffolds, such as scorpion venom single von Willebrand factor C-domain peptides (SV-SVC), inhibitor cystine knot (ICK), disulphide-directed beta-hairpin (DDH), bradykinin potentiating peptides (BPP), linear non-disulphide bridged peptides and antimicrobial peptides (AMP). We have thus demonstrated that even neglected lineages of scorpions are a rich pool of novel biochemical components, which have evolved over millions of years to target specific ion channels in prey animals, and as a result, possess tremendous implications in therapeutics.
Cu(OAc)<sub>2</sub>-Catalyzed N-Arylations of Sulfoximines with Aryl Boronic Acids (2005)

[reaction: see text] A simple and mild copper salt-catalyzed N-arylation of sulfoximines in high yields is reported. Cu(OAc)(2) activates aryl boronic acids for the reaction with NH-sulfoximines without additional base or heating. Furthermore, this new method allows the preparation of N-arylated sulfoximines, which have previously been more difficult to access.
Investigation, Evaluation, and Optimization of Stray Inductance in Laminated Busbar (2013)

Wiring inductance has a critical effect on electrical, thermal, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performances in inverters. Therefore, the low stray inductance laminated busbar, as a state-of-the-art pathway interface, is widely used in high-power inverters. However, the asymmetrical stray inductances of the laminated busbar may cause different voltage and thermal stresses for semiconductor devices of the same power stage. In order to achieve low and symmetrical stray inductances in the laminated busbar, this paper presents the investigation, evaluation, and optimization of the stray inductances of the laminated busbar. Based on the current commutation loop (CCL) analysis, the investigation of two-layer, three-layer, and multilayer laminated busbars is proposed through three-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA) simulations. It can be found that the skin effect, mutual effect, CCL length, CCL separation distance, and split plate significantly influence the stray inductance of laminated busbars. Furthermore, the multilayer laminated busbar structure for multilevel neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter is derived. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, CCL stray inductances of a three-layer laminated busbar are extracted by means of FEA simulation and an improved impedance resonant measurement in a single-phase H-bridge high-power inverter. Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) voltage overshoot waveforms further validate the stray inductance asymmetry of the laminated busbar. A compromise between the stray inductance and symmetry is proposed in the three-layer laminated busbar. Finally, several feasible guidelines for the optimization of the laminated busbar design are introduced.
Pharmacokinetics of Monoclonally-Purified and Recombinant Factor VIII in Patients with Severe von Willebrand Disease (1993)

A monoclonally-purified factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate, containing little von Willebrand factor (vWF), was infused to 11 patients with severe von Willebrand disease and unmeasurable levels of plasma vWF. In comparison with the historical data obtained infusing hemophiliacs in the same conditions, monoclonally-purified FVIII had a significantly shorter half-life and faster clearance from plasma but similar in vivo recovery and volume of distribution. Two additional patients with severe von Willebrand disease were also infused with recombinant FVIII totally devoid of vWF. Half-life was very short and in vivo recovery low, with a larger volume of distribution than for monoclonally-purified FVIII. We conclude that in patients with severe von Willebrand disease the small amounts of vWF contained in the monoclonally-purified FVIII concentrate are not sufficient to stabilize infused FVIII, nor to support the normal circulation of endogenous FVIII that these patients produce at a normal rate.
AHRR methylation predicts smoking status and smoking intensity in both saliva and blood DNA (2019)

Many existing DNA repositories do not have robust characterizations of smoking, while for many currently ongoing studies, the advent of vaping has rendered traditional cotinine-based methods of determining smoking status unreliable. Previously, we have shown that methylation status at cg05575921 in whole blood DNA can reliably predict cigarette consumption. However, whether methylation status in saliva can be used similarly has yet to be established. Herein, we use DNA from 418 biochemically confirmed smokers or nonsmokers to compare and contrast the utility of cg05575921 in classifying and quantifying cigarette smoking. Using whole blood DNA, a model incorporating age, gender, and methylation status had a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) for predicting smoking status of 0.995 with a nonlinear demethylation response to smoking. Using saliva DNA, the ROC AUC for predicting smoking was 0.971 with the plot of the relationship of DNA methylation to daily cigarette consumption being very similar to that seen for whole blood DNA. The addition of information from another methylation marker designed to correct for cellular heterogeneity improved the AUC for saliva DNA to 0.981. Finally, in 31 subjects who reported quitting smoking 10 or more years previously, cg05575921 methylation was nonsignificantly different from controls. We conclude that DNA methylation status at cg05575921 in DNA from whole blood or saliva predicts smoking status and daily cigarette consumption. We suggest these epigenetic assessments for objectively ascertaining smoking status will find utility in research, clinical, and civil applications.