gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of UHF RFID Sensor Tags with Electromagnetically Coupled Passive Sensors (2013)

The standard UHF RFID system can be used to convey additional sensor data by means of attaching a coupling loop with an embedded sensor on top of a tag antenna. The sensor is electromagnetically (EM) coupled to the UHF RFID tag in order to modulate the properties of the tag antenna. This paper presents an investigation of the key factors affecting the performance of the EM coupled RFID sensor tags. Equivalent circuit models for the EM coupled sensor tags with two typical types of antenna structures are also proposed. The results calculated from the models show a close match with the corresponding full-wave simulations. The presented models can thus be used for analyzing and predicting the behavior of electromagnetically coupled sensor tags.
A heterogeneous hierarchical solution to cost-efficient high performance computing (2002)

Two facts that suggest the desirability of a hierarchical approach to cost-effective high-performance computing are empirically established in this paper. The first fact is the temporal locality of programs with respect to the degree of parallelism. Two temporal (instruction and data) locality principles are identified and empirically established for a set of programs. The impact of this behavior is discussed with respect to the proposed heterogeneous multilevel architecture. The second fact that supports the hierarchical architecture is the cost-efficiency advantage of heterogeneous over homogeneous multiprocessor systems. An initial performance analysis is presented which quantifies this fact for the proposed heterogeneous hierarchical organization. The proposed multilevel processor configuration uses fast and costly resources sparingly to reduce sequential and low parallelism bottlenecks. The resulting organization tries to balance cost, speed and parallelism granularity.
Effects of Diabetes on Ryanodine Receptor Ca Release Channel (RyR2) and Ca2+ Homeostasis in Rat Heart (2005)

The defects identified in the mechanical activity of the hearts from type 1 diabetic animals include alteration of Ca2+ signaling via changes in critical processes that regulate intracellular Ca2+ concentration. These defects result partially from a dysfunction of cardiac ryanodine receptor calcium release channel (RyR2). The present study was designed to determine whether the properties of the Ca2+ sparks might provide insight into the role of RyR2 in the altered Ca2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes from diabetic animals when they were analyzed together with Ca2+ transients. Basal Ca2+ level as well as Ca2+-spark frequency of cardiomyoctes isolated from 5-week streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats significantly increased with respect to aged-matched control rats. Ca2+ transients exhibited significantly reduced amplitude and prolonged time courses as well as depressed Ca2+ loading of sarcoplasmic reticulum in diabetic rats. Spatio-temporal properties of the Ca2+ sparks in cardiomyocytes isolated from diabetic rats were also significantly altered to being almost parallel to the changes of Ca2+ transients. In addition, RyR2 from diabetic rat hearts were hyperphosphorylated and protein levels of both RyR2 and FKBP12.6 depleted. These data show that STZ-induced diabetic rat hearts exhibit altered local Ca2+ signaling with increased basal Ca2+ level.
<i>FairCloud</i> (2011)

The network is a crucial resource in cloud computing, but in contrast to other resources such as CPU or memory, the network is currently shared in a best effort manner. However, sharing the network in a datacenter is more challenging than sharing the other resources. The key difficulty is that the network allocation for a VM X depends not only on the VMs running on the same machine with X, but also on the other VMs that X communicates with, as well as on the cross-traffic on each link used by X. In this paper, we first propose a set of desirable properties for allocating the network bandwidth in a datacenter at the VM granularity, and show that there exists a fundamental tradeoff between the ability to share congested links in proportion to payment and the ability to provide minimal bandwidth guarantees to VMs. Second, we show that the existing allocation models violate one or more of these properties, and propose a mechanism that can select different points in the aforementioned tradeoff between payment proportionality and bandwidth guarantees.
Palladium–(N‐Heterocyclic Carbene) Hydrogenation Catalysts (2005)

Niedervalente Palladiumverbindungen mit N-heterocyclischen Carbenen (NHCs) ausgehend von [Pd(NHC)(η2-Alken)2] (siehe Bild) sind erstaunlich selektive Katalysatoren für die Hydrierung einiger Alkine zu Z-Alkenen. Ein derartiger Komplex, [Pd{1,3-(2,6-diethylphenyl)imidazol-2-yliden}], wurde für die selektive (95 %) Hydrierung von 1-Phenyl-1-propin zu (Z)-1-Phenyl-1-propen eingesetzt.
Analysis of Broadband Piezoelectric Transducers by Discrete Time Model (2000)

The simulations of a discrete time model of the impulse response ofmatched and backed piezoelectric transducers have been used to designsensitive short-response transducers. The effect of matching and backingmaterials layers on the performance of piezoelectric transducers working intowater load is investigated. The optimum acoustical characteristics of thequarter-wave length matching layers are determined relatively to acompromise between the sensitivity and the bandwidth.
Metal proteins with redox roles (1985)

1. Structure and Function of Small Blue Copper Proteins 2. Cytochrome 'c' and Cytochrome 'c' Containing Enzymes 3. Iron-Sulphur Proteins 4. Superoxide Dismutases 5. Structure and Chemistry of Cytochrome P-450 6. Nitrogenase.
Directed-graph epidemiological models of computer viruses (2002)

The strong analogy between biological viruses and their computational counterparts has motivated the authors to adapt the techniques of mathematical epidemiology to the study of computer virus propagation. In order to allow for the most general patterns of program sharing, a standard epidemiological model is extended by placing it on a directed graph and a combination of analysis and simulation is used to study its behavior. The conditions under which epidemics are likely to occur are determined, and, in cases where they do, the dynamics of the expected number of infected individuals are examined as a function of time. It is concluded that an imperfect defense against computer viruses can still be highly effective in preventing their widespread proliferation, provided that the infection rate does not exceed a well-defined critical epidemic threshold.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in the U.S. Population: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2004 and Comparisons with NHANES 1999–2000 (2007)

In the general U.S. population in 2003-2004, PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA serum concentrations were measurable in each demographic population group studied. Geometric mean concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS in 2003-2004 were lower than in 1999-2000. The apparent reductions in concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS most likely are related to discontinuation in 2002 of industrial production by electrochemical fluorination of PFOS and related perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride compounds.
Tandem duplication of the <i>FLT3</i> gene is found in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia as well as acute myeloid leukaemia but not in myelodysplastic syndrome or juvenile chronic myelogenous leukaemia in children (1999)

We examined mRNA expression and internal tandem duplication of the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene in haematological malignancies by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and genomic PCR followed by sequencing. By RT-PCR, expression of FLT3 was detected in 45/74 (61%) leukaemia cell lines and the frequency of expression of FLT3 was significantly higher in undifferentiated type (B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; ALL) than in differentiated type cell lines (B-ALL) (P = 0.0076). Using the genomic PCR method, 194 fresh samples including 87 acute myeloid leukaemias, 60 ALLs, 32 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and 15 juvenile chronic myelogenous leukaemias (JCMLs) were examined. Tandem duplication was found in 12 (13.8%) AMLs and two (3.3%) ALLs. Sequence analyses of the 14 samples with the duplication revealed that eight showed a simple tandem duplication and six a tandem duplication with insertion. Most of these tandem duplications occurred within exon 11, and two duplications occurred from exon 11 to intron 11 and exon 12. No tandem duplications of FLT3 gene were detected in MDS or JCML. The frequency of tandem duplication of FLT3 gene in childhood AML was lower than that in adult AML so far reported. All of the 12 AML patients with the duplication died within 47 months after diagnosis, whereas two ALL patients with the duplication have survived 44 and 72 months, respectively. These two ALL patients expressed both lymphoid and myeloid antigens and were considered to have biphenotypic leukaemia. These results suggest that tandem duplication is involved in ALL in addition to AML, but not in childhood MDS or JCML, and that childhood AML patients with the tandem duplication have a poor prognosis.
Learning to rank by aggregating expert preferences (2012)

We present a general treatment of the problem of aggregating preferences from several experts into a consensus ranking, in the context where information about a target ranking is available. Specifically, we describe how such problems can be converted into a standard learning-to-rank one on which existing learning solutions can be invoked. This transformation allows us to optimize the aggregating function for any target IR metric, such as Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain, or Expected Reciprocal Rank. When applied to crowdsourcing and meta-search benchmarks, our new algorithm improves on state-of-the-art preference aggregation methods.
Structure Model of a Poly(vinyl alcohol) Film Uniaxially Stretched in Water and the Role of Crystallites on the Stress−Strain Relationship (2007)

We propose a structure model of a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) film during uniaxial stretching in water. In addition to the relaxation of microfibrils and the extension of interfibrillar amorphous regions shown in our previous paper, it was described that the strain-induced crystallization takes place in the interfibrillar extended amorphous regions, which bear the increasing stress with strain, by conducting simultaneously the tensile stress−strain measurement with the wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) measurements for the film stretched in water. Furthermore, we examined the dissolution behavior of the PVA film in water by using in-situ WAXD and small-angle X-ray scattering. It was concluded that the dissolution of crystallites in the lamellar stacks, which are considered to be precursors of the microfibrils formed with film stretching, softens the system, as shown with the stress−strain measurement in water above 333 K, leading to the ineffective amorphous chain extension of PVA molecules.
Fetal Oximetry Monitoring (1996)

This review provides recent data and clinical opinions on a new technology in assessing fetal well-being during labor, the fetal pulse oximeter. Fetal pulse oximetry is potentially superior to electronic fetal heart rate monitoring because it allows direct assessment of both fetal oxygen status and fetal tissue perfusion. Several studies during recent years have demonstrated that fetal pulse oximetry during labor is feasible and accurate. On the other hand, these very same studies have demonstrated a few potential disadvantages and limitations of fetal oximetry. The main limitation seems to be a wide range of normal values. The correlation of fetal oximetry during labor with perinatal outcome and long-term newborn outcome has not yet been determined. In summary, fetal pulse oximetry during labor merits further randomized prospective studies, especially with regard to improvement of perinatal outcome.
Induction of apoptosis by arsenic trioxide and hydroxy camptothecin in gastriccancer cells in vitro. (2000)

AIM:To study the effects of arsenic trioxide and HCPT on dif ferent degrees of differentiated gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901, MKN-45, MKN-28) with respect to both cytotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in vitro.METHODS:The cytotoxicity of As(2)O(3) and HCPT on gastric cancer cells was det ermined by MTT assay.Morphologic changes of apoptosis of gastric cancer cells were observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Apoptosis and cell cycle changes of gastric cancer cells induced by HCPT and As(2)O(3) we re investigated by TUNEL method and flow cytometry.RESULTS:As(2)O(3) and HCPT had remarkable cytotoxic effects on different degrees of differentiated gastric cancer cells. The IC(50) of As(2)O(3) on well differentiated gastric cancer cell MKN-28, moderately differentiated gastric cancer cell SGC-7901, and poorly differentiated gastric cancer cell MKN-28 were 8.91 &mgr;mol/L, 10.57 &mgr;mol/L, and 11.65&mgr;mol/L, respectively. The IC(50) of HCP T on MKN-28, SGC-7901, and MKN-45 were 9.35 mg/L, 10.21 mg/L,and 12.63 mg/L respectively after 48 h treatment. After 12 h of exposure to both drugs, gastric cancer cells exhibited morphologic features of apoptosis, includ ing cell shrinkage,nuclear condensation, and formation of apoptotic bodies. A ty pical subdiploid peak before G(0)/G(1) phase was observed by flow cytometry. The apoptotic rates of SGC-7901, MKN-45, and MKN-28 were 13.84%, 22.52%, and 9.68%, respectively after48 h exposure to 10&mgr;mol/L As(2)O(3). The apoptotic ra tes of SGC-7901, MKN-45, and MKN-28 were 21.88%, 12.35%, and 30.26%, resp ectively after 48 h exposure to 10 mg/L HCPT. The apoptotic indice were 7%-15% a s assessed by TUNEL method. The effect of As(2)O(3) on SGC-7901 showed remarkab le cell cycle specificity, which induced cell death in G(1) phase, and blocked G(2)/M phase.HCPT also showed a remarkable cell cycle specificity, by inducing cell death and apoptosis in G(1) phase and arrest of proliferation at Sphase.CONCLUSION:As(2)O(3) and HCPT exhibit significant cytotoxicity on gastric canc er cells by induction of apoptosis. As(2)O(3) and HCPT might have a promising pr ospect in the treatment of gastric cancer, which needs to be further studied.
A new method for floor planning using topological constraint reduction (1991)

An approach to the constraint-based floor planning of flexible, fixed, and preplaced blocks that is based on the removal of redundant constraints and the reshaping of flexible blocks is discussed. A floor plan is said to respect a given constraint set if is satisfies either a vertical or a horizontal constraint in the set for each pair of blocks. The approach presented is to construct a floor plan of optimal area that respects the input constraint set, which is assumed to be derived from a relative placement of the blocks. Reasons for considering this method are delineated, and a heuristic floor-planning algorithm based on constraint reduction and block reshaping is given. A simple example illustrates the algorithm. Several real floor-planning examples are also given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women (2017)

Omega-3 fatty acids may influence human physiological parameters in part by affecting the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the links between omega-3 fatty acids, gut microbiome diversity and composition and faecal metabolomic profiles in middle aged and elderly women. We analysed data from 876 twins with 16S microbiome data and DHA, total omega-3, and other circulating fatty acids. Estimated food intake of omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from food frequency questionnaires. Both total omega-3and DHA serum levels were significantly correlated with microbiome alpha diversity (Shannon index) after adjusting for confounders (DHA Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.04), P = 0.0006 total omega-3: 0.13(0.04), P = 0.001). These associations remained significant after adjusting for dietary fibre intake. We found even stronger associations between DHA and 38 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), the strongest ones being with OTUs from the Lachnospiraceae family (Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.03), P = 8 × 10<sup>-7</sup>). Some of the associations with gut bacterial OTUs appear to be mediated by the abundance of the faecal metabolite N-carbamylglutamate. Our data indicate a link between omega-3 circulating levels/intake and microbiome composition independent of dietary fibre intake, particularly with bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family. These data suggest the potential use of omega-3 supplementation to improve the microbiome composition.
Spatial and Temporal Control of Microwave Triggered Chemiluminescence:  A Protein Detection Platform (2007)

We have combined the principles of microwave circuitry and antenna design and our recent work in microwave-triggered metal-enhanced chemiluminescence to now "trigger" chemically and enzyme-catalyzed chemiluminescent reactions with spatial and temporal control. With this technology platform, we achieve spatial and temporal control of enzyme and chemically catalyzed chemiluminescence reactions to achieve more than 500-fold increases in "on-demand" photon flux from chemically catalyzed chemiluminescent reactions. We also report a 6-fold increase in photon flux from HRP-catalyzed assays on disposable coverslips functionalized with HRP and placed proximal to the substrates modified with thin-film aluminum triangle disjointed "bow-tie" structures. In addition, we demonstrate the applicability of this technology to develop multiplexed or high-throughput chemiluminescent assays. We also demonstrate the clinical and biological relevance of this technology platform by affixing aluminum structures in proximity to HRP protein immobilized on nitrocellulose to improve the sensitivity for this model Western blot scheme by 50-fold. We believe analytical applications that rely on enzyme-catalyzed chemiluminescence, such as immunoassays, may greatly benefit from this new platform technology.
Rice tungro bacilliform virus DNA independently infects rice after Agrobacterium-mediated transfer (1991)

In nature, rice tungro disease is caused by an RNA and a DNA virus complex, but we have obtained an independently infectious clone of rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV) DNA. Infectivity could be demonstrated only when a more than unit-length copy was cloned in the Agrobacterium binary vector Bin 19 and agroinoculated into rice plants. Rice plants thus agroinfected with cloned RTBV DNA showed typical symptoms of tungro disease, presence of viral DNA and bacilliform particles, and could be used as a source of virus to infect healthy plants by the green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens). The importance of this infectious clone in understanding the molecular biology of RTBV and the rice tungro disease is discussed.
Finding and Fixing Performance Pathologies in Persistent Memory Software Stacks (2019)

Emerging fast, non-volatile memories will enable systems with large amounts of non-volatile main memory (NVMM) attached to the CPU memory bus, bringing the possibility of dramatic performance gains for IO-intensive applications. This paper analyzes the impact of state-of-the-art NVMM storage systems on some of these applications and explores how those applications can best leverage the performance that NVMMs offer. Our analysis leads to several conclusions about how systems and applications should adapt to NVMMs. We propose FiLe Emulation with DAX (FLEX), a technique for moving file operations into user space, and show it and other simple changes can dramatically improve application performance. We examine the scalability of NVMM file systems in light of the rising core counts and pronounced NUMA effects in modern systems, and propose changes to Linux's virtual file system (VFS) to improve scalability. We also show that adding NUMA-aware interfaces to an NVMM file system can significantly improve performance.
Next generation networks architecture for multimedia applications (2004)

Demand for new services and application is the main driver for entire network and terminal evolution. New forms of communication emerge from combining different media in applications used by end-systems and users. A new concept of horizontally layered architecture is being standardized through 3 GPP and other bodies. Separated application, control and connectivity layers allow independent evolution as market and technology develops. Session initiation protocol (SIP) is the standard control protocol for establishing multiparty, multimedia communication in IP-based networks. The architecture of next generation multimedia network based on 3 GPP standardization of IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) is described. At the end of the article new end-user services are illustrated.
Time-averaged high contrast ultrasound imaging with motion correction (2006)

We investigated a high-contrast ultrasound imaging method by averaging multiple frames with motion correction. The purpose of this study is to visualize the vascularity of peripheral vessels filled with contrast agents by using an averaging method which cannot be imaged clearly in conventional contrast image because of low density of the agent. To average signals from the same region of multiple frames accurately, tissue motion must be measured and corrected when averaging. Our approach for measurement is to divide an image into extremely small regions so that loss of correlation caused by tissue motion can be decreased. In vivo results on rabbit kidney revealed that the vascularity, including peripheral vessels, could be clearly imaged without any motion artifact by averaging 100 frames. Moreover, vessels that could not be imaged in the conventional contrast image were clearly imaged as a line structure, which was produced by a slight tissue motion in the slice direction. We also applied this time-averaging method to B-mode images of a human carotid artery. By averaging 30 frames, speckle signals were reduced and vessel, thyroid and the other structures were clearly imaged, because of compounding multiple frames obtained from various angles in the slice direction.