gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin B12 Conjugation of Peptide-YY3–36 Decreases Food Intake Compared to Native Peptide-YY3–36 Upon Subcutaneous Administration in Male Rats (2015)

Challenges to peptide-based therapies include rapid clearance, ready degradation by hydrolysis/proteolysis, and poor intestinal uptake and/or a need for blood brain barrier transport. This work evaluates the efficacy of conjugation of vitamin B12 (B12) on sc administered peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY)(3-36) function. In the current experiments, a B12-PYY(3-36) conjugate was tested against native PYY(3-36), and an inactive conjugate B12-PYYC36 (null control) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated similar agonism for the neuropeptide Y2 receptor by the B12-PYY(3-36) conjugate (EC50 26.5 nM) compared with native PYY(3-36) (EC50 16.0 nM), with the null control having an EC50 of 1.8 μM. In vivo experiments were performed in young adult male Sprague Dawley rats (9 wk). Daily treatments were delivered sc in five 1-hour pulses, each pulse delivering 5-10 nmol/kg, by implanted microinfusion pumps. Increases in hindbrain Fos expression were comparable 90 minutes after B12-PYY(3-36) or PYY3-36 injection relative to saline or B12-PYYC36. Food intake was reduced during a 5-day treatment for both B12-PYY(3-36)- (24%, P = .001) and PYY(3-36)-(13%, P = .008) treated groups relative to baseline. In addition, reduction of food intake after the three dark cycle treatment pulses was more consistent with B12-PYY(3-36) treatment (-26%, -29%, -27%) compared with the PYY(3-36) treatment (-3%, -21%, -16%), and B12-PYY(3-36) generated a significantly longer inhibition of food intake vs. PYY(3-36) treatment after the first two pulses (P = .041 and P = .036, respectively). These findings demonstrate a stronger, more consistent, and longer inhibition of food intake after the pulses of B12-PYY(3-36) conjugate compared with the native PYY(3-36).
Wireless Sensor Networks for Early Detection of Forest Fires (2007)

We present the design and evaluation of a wireless sensor network for early detection of forest fires. We first present the key aspects in modeling forest fires. We do this by analyzing the Fire Weather Index (FWI) System, and show how its different components can be used in designing efficient fire detection systems. The FWI System is one of the most comprehensive forest fire danger rating systems in North America, and it is backed by several decades of forestry research. The analysis of the FWI System could be of interest in its own right to researchers working in the sensor network area and to sensor manufacturers who can optimize the communication and sensing modules of their products to better fit forest fire detection systems. Then, we model the forest fire detection problem as a k-coverage problem in wireless sensor networks. In addition, we present a simple data aggregation scheme based on the FWI System. This data aggregation scheme significantly prolongs the network lifetime, because it only delivers the data that is of interest to the application. We validate several aspects of our design using simulation.
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediated destruction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coated CD4+ T lymphocytes by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) effector cells (1988)

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is defined in clinical terms by the development of Kaposi's sarcoma and/or severe opportunistic infections in persons without predisposing conditions. A hallmark of the syndrome has been a decrease in the number of CD4+ T helper cells. The reduction in the frequency of the CD4+ lymphocytes has been postulated to be primarily the result of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tropism and cytophathogenicity for the T-cell subset. Yet only a small percentage of cells in actually infected with HIV. Recently, we provided evidence indicating that AIDS patients' natural killer cells can mediate normal levels of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) despite exhibiting a defect in natural killer (NK) effector function (J Immunol 139:55, 1987). This finding prompted us to investigate whether AIDS patients' effector cells could mediate ADCC against circulating CD4+ T cells infected with or expressing HIV antigen. The findings reported herein demonstrate that AIDS effector cells can mediate lysis of CEM (CD4+ T-cell line) coated with HIV protein in the presence of HIV-specific antibody. Lysis was specific, as non-HIV-coated CEM or the addition of HIV-negative serum resulted in no lysis. We then examined HIV-coated peripheral blood-derived CD4+ T lymphocytes as targets in ADCC. We demonstrate that in the presence of HIV-specific antibody, HIV-coated CD4+ T lymphocytes serve as targets for ADCC by AIDS effector cells. The lytic activity obtained with AIDS effector cells was comparable to that obtained with normal effector cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Synthesis and magnetostriction of melt-spun Pr1−xTbx(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 alloys (2002)

Pseudobinary Pr1−xTbx(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 (0⩽x⩽0.4) cubic Laves single phases have been synthesized by melt spinning and subsequent annealing. Their structure, magnetic properties and stability have been investigated. The composition, at which the anisotropy of Pr1−xTbx(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 is compensated, is close to x=0.1. The spontaneous magnetostrictions λ111 of Pr0.9Tb0.1(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 and Pr0.8Tb0.2(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 are larger than 1500×10−6 and 1900×10−6, respectively. Pr1−xTbx(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 (0.1⩽x⩽0.4) ribbon-based materials with 3% epoxy resin combine high magnetostriction with significant magnetic coercivity. Pr0.9Tb0.1(Fe0.6Co0.4)2 is a promising magnetostrictive material.
Easy Separation of Δ and Λ Isomers of Highly Luminescent [Ir<sup>III</sup>]‐Cyclometalated Complexes Based on Chiral Phenol‐Oxazoline Ancillary Ligands (2012)

A new class of neutral cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes with enantiomerically pure C(1)-symmetric phenol-oxazolines (3a,b) have been synthetized in high yields and fully characterized. Resolution of the corresponding Δ(R) and Λ(R) or Δ(S) and Λ(S) isomers was easily achieved by conventional flash chromatography. The corresponding Δ and Λ helicities have been confirmed by CD spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Regarding the absorption and luminescence properties with unpolarized light, no significant difference between Δ and Λ isomers has been observed. A strong blue luminescence is observed for deaerated solutions of complexes 5a and 5b in CH(3)CN.
Musashi1: An Evolutionally Conserved Marker for CNS Progenitor Cells Including Neural Stem Cells (2000)

In situ detection of neural progenitor cells including stem-like cells is essential for studying the basic mechanisms of the generation of cellular diversity in the CNS, upon which therapeutic treatments for CNS injuries, degenerative diseases, and brain tumors may be based. We have generated rat monoclonal antibodies (Mab 14H1 and 14B8) that recognize an RNA-binding protein Musashi1, but not a Musashi1-related protein, Musashi2. The amino acid sequences at the epitope sites of these anti-Musashi1 Mabs are remarkably conserved among the human, mouse, and Xenopus proteins. Spatiotemporal patterns of Musashi1 immunoreactivity in the developing and/or adult CNS tissues of frogs, birds, rodents, and humans indicated that our anti-Musashi1 Mabs reacted with undifferentiated, proliferative cells in the CNS of all the vertebrates tested. Double or triple immunostaining of embryonic mouse brain cells in monolayer cultures demonstrated strong Musashi1 expression in Nestin(+)/RC2(+) cells. The relative number of Musashi1(+)/Nestin(+)/RC2(+) cells increased fivefold when embryonic forebrain cells were cultured to form 'neurospheres' in which stem-like cells are known to be enriched through their self-renewing mode of growth. Nestin(+)/RC2(-) cells, which included Talpha1-GFP(+) neuronal progenitor cells and GLAST(+) astroglial precursor cells, were also Musashi1(+), as were GFAP(+) astrocytes. Young neurons showed a trace of Musashi1 expression. Cells committed to the oligodendroglial lineage were Musashi(-). Musashi1 was localized to the perikarya of CNS stem-like cells and non-oligodendroglial progenitor cells without shifting to cell processes or endfeet, and is therefore advantageous for identifying each cell and counting cells in situ.
Minimum outage probability routing and power allocation in wireless ad-hoc networks (2005)

We address the minimum outage probability problem for unicast communication in quasistatic networks when total power consumption is constrained. We use relay-channel signaling rather than traditional multihop routing. Under the assumptions that carrier level synchronization is not available and every intermediate node uses a decode-forward scheme, we show that for any node the interference from other unintended transmissions is effectively cancelled out even if all communications share one common physical medium. We show that any optimal relaying structure can be converted to a sequential path, for which we find a simple optimal power-allocation policy. Finding an optimal sequential path is still complex, and we therefore present two polynomial heuristic algorithms. Our simulation results show that they achieve exceptional outage performance and can obtain gains up to 4.5 dB and 6 dB respectively for outage probability 10/sup -3/.
Quality-Oriented Video Delivery over LTE Using Adaptive Modulation and Coding (2011)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is emerging as a major candidate for 4G cellular networks to satisfy the increasing demands for mobile broadband services, particularly multimedia delivery. MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology combined with OFDMA and more efficient modulation/coding schemes (MCS) are key physical layer technologies in LTE networks. However, in order to fully utilize the benefits of the advances in physical layer technologies MIMO configuration and MCS need to be dynamically adjusted to derive the promised gains of 4G at the application level. This paper provides a performance evaluation of video traffic with variations in the physical layer transmission parameters to suit the varying channel conditions. A quantitative analysis is provided using the perceived video quality (evaluated using no-reference blocking and blurring metrics) along with transmission delay, as video quality measures. Experiments are performed to measure performance with changes in modulation as well as code rates in poor and good channel conditions. We discuss how an adaptive scheme can optimize the performance over a varying channel.
Friedel-Crafts-Type Acylation by Insoluble Heteropoly Acid Catalysts. (1995)

ヘテロポリ酸 (H3PW12O40) をアルカリで部分イオン交換して不溶性触媒を得た.強い酸性質を応用する目的で無水安息香酸によるトルエンのフリーデルクラフツ型アシル化の液相反応 (回分式, 383K) を行った.セシウムで部分的にイオン交換し573Kで焼成したH0.5Cs2.5PW12O40はpKa=-8.2以上の高い酸強度を有し, もっとも高い活性を示した.反応は60%前後のフェニルトリルケトン (PTK) の最終収率で停止したが, 固体超強酸 (H2SO4/ZrO2) に匹敵する活性を示した.しかし, 触媒を回収した上で, 再度反応を行ったところ, 反応は再び進行し, 不可逆的な失活ではないことがわかった.反応が途中で停止する原因について検討し, 触媒上で活性化された無水安息香酸中間体と生成物ケトンとの反応による反応物の消失, 反応系内に不純物として存在する水, 生成物ケトンの触媒への吸着などの要因が複合していることを明かにした.副生成物を同定して反応経路を推定し, これに基づいた反応速度式を提案した.
Cryogenic time-domain multiplexer based on SQUID arrays and superconducting/normal conducting switches (2014)

EUCAS2013 Volume: 507 Host publication title: 11th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity (EUCAS2013)
Tetradentate Gold(III) Complexes as Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) Emitters: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis and High‐Performance OLEDs with Long Operational Lifetime (2020)

Structurally robust tetradentate gold(III)-emitters have potent material applications but are rare and unprecedented for those displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Herein, a novel synthetic route leading to the preparation of highly emissive, charge-neutral tetradentate [C^C^N^C] gold(III) complexes with 5-5-6-membered chelate rings has been developed through microwave-assisted C-H bond activation. These complexes show high thermal stability and with emission origin (<sup>3</sup> IL, <sup>3</sup> ILCT, and TADF) tuned by varying the substituents of the C^C^N^C ligand. With phenoxazine/diphenylamine substituent, we prepared the first tetradentate gold(III) complexes that are TADF emitters with emission quantum yields of up to 94 % and emission lifetimes of down to 0.62 μs in deoxygenated toluene. These tetradentate Au<sup>III</sup> TADF emitters showed good performance in vacuum-deposited OLEDs with maximum EQEs of up to 25 % and LT<sub>95</sub> of up to 5280 h at 100 cd m<sup>-2</sup> .
<title>High-frequency raster pinch correction scanner for retinal scanning displays</title> (2001)

High-resolution (i.e., large pixel-count) and high frame rate dynamic microdisplays can be implemented by scanning a photon beam in a raster format across the viewer's retina. A resonant horizontal scanner and a linearly driven vertical scanner can create a 2-D raster for video display. The combined motion of the two scanners form a sinusoidal raster in the vertical direction and cause non-uniform line spacing for the case of bidirectional scanning as if the forward and return half-period raster lines are pinched near the edge of the display screen. Raster pinch effect degrades the image quality, especially for multi-beam scanning systems. What is needed is a vertical scanner that creates a stairstep motion instead of linear motion. A third scanner can be added to the system to create an approximation to a staircase motion in the vertical axis and correct for the non-uniform raster spacing. The raster pinch scanner requirements, mechanical and magnetic designs with FEA analysis, and preliminary test results are discussed in this paper.
Vapor-phase π–π molecular recognition: a fast and solvent-free strategy towards the formation of co-crystalline hollow microtube with 1D optical waveguide and up-conversion emission (2017)

1D molecular co-crystals with hollow micro-tubular morphology can be fabricated through a facile vapor deposition process, which have potential photonic and photofunctional applications.
Low Molecular Weight Organic Composition of Ethanol Stillage from Sugarcane Molasses, Citrus Waste, and Sweet Whey (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLow Molecular Weight Organic Composition of Ethanol Stillage from Sugarcane Molasses, Citrus Waste, and Sweet WheyMichael K. Dowd, Steven L. Johansen, Laura Cantarella, and Peter J. ReillyCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 2, 283–288Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00038a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00038a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views603Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Efficient mapping algorithms for a class of hierarchical systems (1993)

Proposes techniques for mapping application algorithms onto a class of hierarchically structured parallel computing systems. Multiprocessors of this type are capable of efficiently solving a variety of scientific problems because they can efficiently implement both local and global operations for data in a two-dimensional array format. Among the set of candidate application domains, low-level and intermediate-level image processing and computer vision (IPCV) are characterized by high-performance requirements. Emphasis is given to IPCV algorithms. The importance of the mapping techniques stems from the fact that the current technology cannot be used to build cost-effective and efficient systems composed of very large numbers of processors, so the performance of various systems of lower cost should be investigated. Both analytical and simulation results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed mapping techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Upconversion-pumped infrared erbium laser (1986)

A study of upconversion processes in Er3+ ions in CaF2 has led to an unambiguous demonstration of IR lasing produced by upconversion pumping alone. The study has shown: (1) strong upconversion lines originating from the 4I11/2 state; (2) the existence of both two-photon and three-photon upconversion processes; (3) an optimum concentration of 5–10 mol % for Er3+; and (4) upconversion efficiencies for the visible bands as high as 10% at 77 K and 1% at 300 K. Measurements of lasing between the 4I11/2 and 4I13/2 levels show that even though the lifetime of the upper (4I11/2) state is only half that of the lower state, self-quenching does not occur. Upconversion is implicated for this transition both by the nonpersistence of a ‘‘red shift’’ during a lasing pulse, and by the opposite dependence on concentration of laser threshold energy and upconversion-produced fluorescent intensity. A simple theoretical model shows that a 2.8-μm laser operating between the 4I11/2 and 4I13/2 levels can be pumped solely by upconversion of ions in the excited 4I13/2 state produced by absorption of a 1.54-μm pulse. In addition, (1) a minimum of 1.54-μm pump energy is required; (2) lasing occurs with a delay inversely proportional to the pump energy; and (3) lasing can persist for as long as the lifetime of the lower (4I13/2) state. These predictions have been experimentally verified. The lasing experiments give a lower limit for the upconversion coefficient of α=10−16 cm3 s−1.
From Matter to Life (2017)

Recent advances suggest that the concept of information might hold the key to unravelling the mystery of life's nature and origin. Fresh insights from a broad and authoritative range of articulate and respected experts focus on the transition from matter to life, and hence reconcile the deep conceptual schism between the way we describe physical and biological systems. A unique cross-disciplinary perspective, drawing on expertise from philosophy, biology, chemistry, physics, and cognitive and social sciences, provides a new way to look at the deepest questions of our existence. This book addresses the role of information in life, and how it can make a difference to what we know about the world. Students, researchers, and all those interested in what life is and how it began will gain insights into the nature of life and its origins that touch on nearly every domain of science.
Reduction of optical absorption in Bi substituted garnet film by annealing. (1986)

LPE garnet films (BiLu)3(FeMgPt)5O12 and (BiLu)3(FeAlMgPt)5O12 have been grown using only Bi2O3 as a flux. Annealing after growth as well as MgO doping in the melt has been found effective to reduce the optical absorption at 0.8 μm caused by Fe2+ in the film.Optical absorption of both p-type and n-type conduction films is reduced by annealing in the air at 850°C, which means p-type and n-type films are respectively oxidized and reduced in this condition. Various oxygen pressures and annealing temperatures by which films are oxidized or reduced have been determined for n-type and p-type conduction film.
Clinical experience results with clindamycin 1% benzoyl peroxide 5% gel (Duac) as monotherapy and in combination. (2005)

This article will examine various clinical experiences with acne patients successfully treated with topical clindamycin 1% benzoyl peroxide 5% gel (Duac) alone and in combination with other acne treatments. Clindamycin 1% benzoyl peroxide 5%, the only once-daily prescription topical aqueous gel combining a benzoyl peroxide and an antibiotic, has demonstrated excellent tolerability and efficacy and is stable when used concomitantly with other therapies. A regimen of topical clindamycin 1% benzoyl peroxide 5% gel, oral doxycycline hyclate (Doryx), and adapalene gel (Differin) seems especially advantageous from a theoretical and practical perspective. Improvement is noted by means of photographic, physician, and/or patient assessments at baseline and follow-up visits.
SHOULD THE POLLUTER BE PAID (1999)

The UK Government is investigating the case for two alternative policies that would both reduce vehicle emissions. The Cleaner Vehicles Task Force is examining the case for retrofitting catalytic converters to older cars, while the Commission for Integrated Transport is reviewing accelerated scrapping of cars. Both require Government incentives to succeed. R Evans of Johnson Matthey considers that both schemes could operate together, because they target different types of vehicle. The retrofit option would effectively clean up cars aged seven to ten years; this would be attractive to owners who wish to keep their cars on the road for various reasons. Scrapping would target cars of lower value near the end of their useful lives. Although every British car built since 1993 must have a catalyst, many grossly polluting earlier cars are still on the roads. It would take 50 cars made today to produce as much emissions as a car made in 1976. If all cars over ten years old were replaced by new cars, exhaust emissions would be cut by 25% at once and 50% within two years. Hence the suggestion that owners of older cars be given financial incentives to have catalysts fitted to them, which is technically feasible. In accelerated scrapping, these owners would be paid to scrap their old cars if they bought new cars at the same time.
Indoor Semantic Scene Understanding using Multi-modality Fusion (2021)

Seamless Human-Robot Interaction is the ultimate goal of developing service robotic systems. For this, the robotic agents have to understand their surroundings to better complete a given task. Semantic scene understanding allows a robotic agent to extract semantic knowledge about the objects in the environment. In this work, we present a semantic scene understanding pipeline that fuses 2D and 3D detection branches to generate a semantic map of the environment. The 2D mask proposals from state-of-the-art 2D detectors are inverse-projected to the 3D space and combined with 3D detections from point segmentation networks. Unlike previous works that were evaluated on collected datasets, we test our pipeline on an active photo-realistic robotic environment - BenchBot. Our novelty includes rectification of 3D proposals using projected 2D detections and modality fusion based on object size. This work is done as part of the Robotic Vision Scene Understanding Challenge (RVSU). The performance evaluation demonstrates that our pipeline has improved on baseline methods without significant computational bottleneck.
The use of mobile phone data for the estimation of the travel patterns and imported Plasmodium falciparum rates among Zanzibar residents (2009)

Anonymous mobile phone records provide valuable information on human movement patterns in areas that are typically data-sparse. Estimates of human movement patterns from Zanzibar to mainland Tanzania suggest that imported malaria risk from this group is heterogeneously distributed; a few people account for most of the risk for imported malaria. In combination with spatial data on malaria endemicity and transmission models, movement patterns derived from phone records can inform on the likely sources and rates of malaria importation. Such information is important for assessing the feasibility of malaria elimination and planning an elimination campaign.