gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Reengineering training for performance improvement (2003)

Summary form only given. Training Magazine estimates that 1995 direct expenditures for formal training were $59.8 billion, a staggering performance investment in the human capital of our workforce. Inspired by the Japanese, leading manufacturers now spend 3% to 5% of their payroll for training as a matter of policy just to remain competitive and conversant with rapidly emerging technology. But the issue of return on that investment remains. What return should companies expect? How much? How soon? How will they know that they achieved the target payback? Or any payback? Clearly the answers to these questions lie with the design of training, its deployment, its relation to employee performance and measurement of its results. However these considerations themselves are thorny issues to resolve and are easily (and often) dismissed as the province of the training expert. The real issues then are delegated to the human resource department who is simply asked to provide training on a generic topic. We must understand how training amplifies and improves performance and how effective it is in doing so. We must be able to measure its results, adjust our efforts, and determine whether more, or less, training improves our bottom line. That can be accomplished but it requires the same amount of attention to detail that we unflinchingly dedicate to the machines, the processes and the information systems in our plants and operations centers.
Automatic control and management of electrostatic precipitator (1999)

The efficient operation of an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) in practice depends upon many variables, such as charging method, particle size, gas flow, temperature, dust resistivity, etc. With air pollution control requirements becoming increasingly stringent, it is essential to closely monitor and accurately control the key parameters of an ESP control system. The efficient functioning of an ESP normally means minimizing power consumption and maximizing dust collection. Several control strategies can be adopted to meet this broad requirement. In this paper, a distributed control technique of an ESP, which uses the actual dust emission and boiler load as feedback inputs has been explained. The electrostatic precipitator management system, which is a system designed by Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., Hyderabad, India, to meet the above control strategies using the distributed architecture to achieve efficient ESP operation is also described.
At the Bedside: Innate immunity as an immunotherapy tool for hematological malignancies (2013)

The identification of an anti-tumor effect displayed by cells of innate immunity has opened new scenarios, not only in the field of allo-HSCT but also for nontransplanted patients with hematological malignancies or solid tumors. Donor-derived NK cells have been shown to contribute to the eradication of malignant cells after allo-HSCT, when recipients lack ligands for their inhibitory receptors. These alloreactive donor NK cells can also kill recipient APCs and CTLs, thus preventing the occurrence of GvHD and graft rejection. The role of activating receptors on the capacity of NK cells to kill leukemia targets has become evident in the last years. The adoptive infusion of ex vivo-activated NK cells has been investigated recently in Phase I/II trials on patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors, with promising results. γδ T lymphocytes are also able to display anti-tumor activity-this providing the biological rationale for Phase I/II trials in lymphoproliferative disorders and solid tumors. Aminobisphosphonates are clinically available compounds able to boost γδ T cell function. As γδ T cells do not cause GvHD, they could also be transduced with tumor-associated chimeric antigen receptors and safely infused in allo-HSCT recipients. Basic aspects of innate immunity relevant to the field will be covered by a companion review article.
Kinetics of silicon carbide CVD: surface decomposition of silacyclobutane and methylsilane (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetics of silicon carbide CVD: surface decomposition of silacyclobutane and methylsilaneA. D. Johnson, J. Perrin, J. A. Mucha, and D. E. IbbotsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 49, 12937–12948Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/j100151a049RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views470Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts
Multistep Model Predictive Control Based on Artificial Neural Networks (2003)

This work studies the effect of different models on the performance of multistep model predictive control (MMPC) via simulation examples and bench- and pilot-scale experiments. The models used in the study are two common types of artificial neural networks (ANNs), namely, feedforward networks (FFNs) and external recurrent networks (ERNs). The steady-state offset of MMPC using FFN models is observed throughout simulation cases and experiments in case that prediction horizon is longer than the control horizon. This study further explains the FFN-induced offset phenomena mathematically. In the experimental part of this work, we compare the performances of MMPC using these two ANN models, conventional proportional−integral controllers and linear model predictive control in the dual-temperature control problems, which include a bench-scale ethanol and water distillation column and a pilot-scale i-butane and n-butane distillation column.
Automatic vector signal generator calibration method suitable for multiport large-signal measurements (2019)

The increasing need for measurement setups including several vector signal generators is associated with the creation of multiple input amplifiers such as digital Doherty, outphasing techniques or amplifier with a RF load matching control such as Load Modulated Balanced Amplifiers (LMBA). Therefore, an absolute calibration, in amplitude and phase of the sources has to be performed. A complete and automated calibration method for multiport generation is presented here. It introduces, as a new standard, a multiport passive device previously characterized in S-parameters. This method is detailed analytically and validated experimentally. Calibrated measurements of dual input power amplifiers are also presented.
Comparison of neutrophil and capillary diameters and their relation to neutrophil sequestration in the lung (1993)

Neutrophils [polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs)] are sequestrated in the lung capillary bed because PMNs are delayed with respect to red blood cells (RBCs) as they pass through these microvessels. The present study examines circulating PMN size in relation to the distribution of capillary segment diameters in human, dog, and rabbit lungs and compares the shape of PMNs in suspension to that found within the pulmonary capillaries. The data show that 61, 67, and 38% of the capillary segments are narrower than the mean diameter of spherical PMNs in the rabbit, dog, and human, respectively. They also show that PMNs deform from a spherical to an ellipsoid shape in the pulmonary capillaries of all three species. These findings are consistent with previous studies showing that the pulmonary circulation restricts the passage of PMNs through the lungs and suggest that PMNs are delayed because they must deform to pass through restrictions encountered in the pulmonary capillary bed. We conclude that the discrepancy between PMN and pulmonary capillary size and the decreased deformability of PMNs with respect to RBCs are major determinants of the delay that PMNs experience with respect to RBCs in the pulmonary circulation.
Cytochrome a1 of acetobacter aceti is a cytochrome ba functioning as ubiquinol oxidase. (1990)

Cytochrome a1 is a classic cytochrome that in the 1930s had already been detected in Acetobacter strains and in the 1950s was identified as a terminal oxidase. However, recent studies did not substantiate the previous observations. We have detected a cytochrome a1-like chromophore in Acetobacter aceti, which was purified and characterized in this study. The cytochrome was solubilized from membranes of the strain with octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside and was purified by single column chromatography. The purified cytochrome exhibited a broad alpha peak around 600-610 nm, which turned to a sharp peak at 589 nm in the presence of cyanide. Carbon monoxide difference spectra of the cytochrome indicated the presence of an alpha-type cytochrome. The cytochrome contained 1 mol each of hemes b and a and probably one copper ion. These results suggest that the cytochrome purified from A. aceti is the so-called cytochrome a1, and thus the existence of the classic cytochrome has been reconfirmed. The purified enzyme consisted of four polypeptides of 55, 35, 22, and 18 kDa, and it showed a sedimentation coefficient of 6.3 S in the native form. The enzyme had a high ubiquinol oxidase activity (140-160 mumol of ubiquinol-2 oxidized per min per mg of protein). When reconstituted into proteoliposomes, the cytochrome could generate an electrochemical proton gradient during oxidation of ubiquinol. Thus, cytochrome a1 of A. aceti has been shown to be a cytochrome ba terminal oxidase capable of generating an electrochemical proton gradient concomitant with ubiquinol oxidation.
Using MediaWiki as an Efficient Data Repository and Ubiquitous Learning Tool: An Australian Example (2010)

The functionality of MediaWiki ensures it is a valuable learning repository for sharing and storing information. Constructivist learning can be promoted alongside a wiki repository and various wireless u-learning tools such as mobile phones and digital cameras, to encourage students to gather and share a range of primary and secondary information in a variety of subject areas. This paper outlines one initiative adopted at an Australian University specialising in distance education, which uses a MediaWiki as the primary method for content delivery. Over a period of three-years, the Drugs, Crime and Society wiki has evolved into an organic information repository for storing and accessing current research, press and drug agency material that supplements core themes examined in each topic of the curriculum. A constructivist approach has been employed to encourage students to engage in a range of assessable and non-assessable information sharing activities. The paper also demonstrates how the Drugs, Crime and Society wiki can be accessed through various wireless u-learning technologies, which enables students undertaking field placements to add and share primary information with other students and practitioners working in the drugs field.
The ‘heel impact’ force peak during running is neither ‘heel’ nor ‘impact’ and does not quantify shoe cushioning effects (2011)

It has been common practice in studies of running shoe cushioning to use the magnitude of the initial transient peak (Fz1) of the vertical ground reaction force (Fz(t)), as an index of heel impact severity. Frequently, the results of such studies have been inconsistent with impact attenuation theory, in vitro impact test results and other load measures. This paper concludes that such use of Fz1 as a measure of heel impact load is not valid. Fz(t) and in shoe-pressure distributions were recorded while 20 male subjects ran at 4.0 ± 0.2 m/s on a laboratory runway in three footwear conditions representing the approximate range of commercially available running shoes and a minimal, uncushioned control shoe. Pressure data were used to identify spatial (heel and distal foot) components of Fz(t) and spectral analysis was used to distinguish high and low frequency components. Consistent with previous reports, cushioned shoes attenuated Fz1 magnitude by less than 10% and the most compliant shoe produced significantly higher force peaks than shoes with stiffer cushioning. Analysis of the spatial and frequency components of Fz(t) revealed that Fz1 is a composite that includes high frequency (heel impact) loads but that low frequency force components originating both in the heel and distal forefoot contribute about half its magnitude. In contrast to Fz1, cushioned shoes attenuated the high frequency (impact) force component by 35%, and effects across shoe conditions were consistent with both theory and in vitro impact test results. Thus Fz1 is neither uniquely defined by heel impact, nor a reliable indicator of impact magnitude. It can be shown that the artifactual effects of cushioning on Fz1 magnitude are derived from the superimposition of low frequency (non-impact) and non-heel load components.
EMG signal discrimination for controlling walking functions in paraplegics under electrical stimulation (2003)

The authors describe the use of electromyographic (EMG) signatures for controlling functional electrical stimulation (FES) in upper-motor-neuron paraplegics to enable them to walk with the help of a walker, or in some cases with the help of elbow-support crutches. It is shown that the above-lesion and below-lesion EMG controls both serve complementary and crucial roles in total FES control. It is also shown that below-lesion response EMG control of stimulation-levels can play a crucial role in FES, regardless of above-lesion EMG control. This can be done in conjunction with other control methods such as hand-switch control or pelvic thrust.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Modulation of Tetraspanin 32 (TSPAN32) Expression in T Cell-Mediated Immune Responses and in Multiple Sclerosis (2019)

Tetraspanins are a conserved family of proteins involved in a number of biological processes including, cell-cell interactions, fertility, cancer metastasis and immune responses. It has previously been shown that TSPAN32 knockout mice have normal hemopoiesis and B-cell responses, but hyperproliferative T cells. Here, we show that TSPAN32 is expressed at higher levels in the lymphoid lineage as compared to myeloid cells. In vitro activation of T helper cells via anti-CD3/CD28 is associated with a significant downregulation of TSPAN32. Interestingly, engagement of CD3 is sufficient to modulate TSPAN32 expression, and its effect is potentiated by costimulation with anti-CD28, but not anti-CTLA4, -ICOS nor -PD1. Accordingly, we measured the transcriptomic levels of TSPAN32 in polarized T cells under Th1 and Th2 conditions and TSPAN32 resulted significantly reduced as compared with unstimulated cells. On the other hand, in Treg cells, TSPAN32 underwent minor changes upon activation. The in vitro data were finally translated into the context of multiple sclerosis (MS). Encephalitogenic T cells from Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG)-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice showed significantly lower levels of TSPAN32 and increased levels of CD9, CD53, CD82 and CD151. Similarly, in vitro-activated circulating CD4 T cells from MS patients showed lower levels of TSPAN32 as compared with cells from healthy donors. Overall, these data suggest an immunoregulatory role for TSPAN32 in T helper immune response and may represent a target of future immunoregulatory therapies for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
Development of a monolithic GaAs integrated optical transmitter (1975)

The paper discusses a program designed for the development of a GaAs IOC transmitter consisting of a monolithic surface laser whose output is coupled into patterned channel waveguides. Modulation and switching of the radiation occur in the waveguide circuit and are controlled separately. These structures are to be fabricated monolithically on a single semiconductor chip with each device amenable to integrated low-cost manufacture. The waveguide outputs of the IOC transmitter will be coupled to single mode optical fibers which form a transmission cable. The properties of the semiconductors (Ga,Al)As and (Ga,In)As permit performance of each of the basic functions included in the device considered. The concept of monolithic nondiscrete GaAs diode lasers is examined along with optical stripline channel waveguides and electro-optic channel waveguide modulators and switches.
Estrogen and progesterone receptor concordance between primary and recurrent breast cancer (1994)

Estrogen and progesterone receptor status in breast cancer can determine therapeutic options and may provide prognostic information. The purpose of this study is to compare the concordance of the primary breast cancer steroid hormone receptor status to that of the recurrent breast cancer and to determine whether the type of second lesion (local recurrence, second primary, or metastatic lesion) and adjuvant therapy received changed the receptor concordance. The records of eighty-three patients with estrogen receptor (ER) analysis available for primary (p) and recurrent (r) breast cancer for 1976-1990 were reviewed. In addition, 32 of these patients also had available progesterone receptor (PR) values for primary and recurrent breast cancers. Statistical evaluation was performed by chi-square, Student's t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. ER concordance (primary/recurrent, p/r) was identified in 59/83 (71%) patients; PR concordance was identified in 18/32 (56%) patients. Whether the second lesion was a local recurrence, second primary, or a metastatic lesion did not affect ER concordance or PR concordance. Adjuvant chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or radiation therapy, either alone or in combination, did not affect ER or PR concordance. The disease-free survival (DFS) for patients with ER (p+)/(r-) (primary receptor positive/recurrent receptor negative) was significantly shorter than those with ER (p-)/(r+)(27.6 +/- 7.4 months versus 50.6 +/- 7.6 mo, P = 0.04). The DFS for PR (p+)/(r-) patients was 28.8 +/- 7.9 months compared to the DFS of 46.8 +/- 11.8 months for PR (p-)/(r+) patients (P = NS). A significantly shorter DFS for ER (p+)/(r-) patients compared to ER (p-)/(r+) patients and a trend towards a shorter DFS for PR (p+)/(r-) patients compared to PR (p-)/(r+) patients may reflect a loss of hormonal regulation or an increase in cancer aggressiveness.
Oral Vaccine Therapy for Pneumococcal Otitis Media in an Animal Model (1991)

We investigated whether mucosal IgA response in the middle ear cavity against Streptococcus pneumoniae type 19F is enhanced by use of enteric capsules, and whether the resulting mucosal immunity can prevent pneumococcal otitis media. Adult Hartley guinea pigs were employed. With intratympanic inoculation of 10(5) and 10(6) live S pneumoniae, the occurrence of pneumococcal otitis media significantly decreased in guinea pigs that received intraduodenal and intragastric immunization by enteric capsules. In these guinea pigs, the values of salivary IgA antibody titers against S pneumoniae were significantly greater, and histologic changes of the middle ear mucosa were also slighter than those of control guinea pigs. These findings indicate that oral vaccination by enteric capsules elicits mucosal IgA responses, as well as intraduodenal immunization, to prevent pneumococcal otitis media. These results suggest the possibility of clinical application of oral vaccination by enteric capsules for the prevention of middle ear infection.
Spectral subtraction in the time-frequency domain using wavelet packets (2002)

This paper deals with the problem of enhancement of speech signals in slowly varying background noise. The method suggested uses the wavelet packet transform together with a simple statistical model of the noise. As in spectral subtraction, information about the background is collected during non-speech intervals. The signal estimate is obtained with spectral subtraction in the time-frequency domain and a rule for choosing the most favorable time-frequency decomposition is suggested. The method is demonstrated with a real-data example.
Effect of Slit Patterning Perpendicular to Magnetic Easy Axis in Thin Film Inductors (2008)

In the case of spiral inductors using magnetic thin films with uniaxial anisotropy, magnetic flux pass through both easy and hard axes in the films. Frequency characteristics of inductance in the spiral inductors strongly depend on magnetization behaviors in the magnetic easy-axis direction. Slit patterning perpendicular to the magnetic easy axis in the magnetic thin films influences domain-wall displacement in the easy-axis direction, raising its resonant frequency and improving the permeability in the MHz range. The permeability at 1 MHz in the easy-axis direction takes the maximum value when the wire width is 0.5 mm in the slit-patterned CoZrTa films. Furthermore, also in composite spiral-inductor devices using the slit-patterned CoZrTa films and ferrite substrates, the inductance at 1 MHz takes the maximum value at the same wire width. The slit patterning perpendicular to the magnetic easy axis is effective to achieve high inductance in the MHz range for magnetic thin-film spiral inductors.
Tool Positioning for Noncircular Cutting with Lathe (1986)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a digital controller for a lathe to machine workpieces vith noncircular crossections. Noncircular cutting is accomplished by controlling the radial tool position in the direction normal to the surface of workpiece. A discrete time model for the tool carriage in the radial direction is obtained by a least squares method applied to input and output data. The model is used for designing digital feedback and feedforward controllers. The zero phase error tracking control algorithm is applied as a feedforwad control law for precise positioning of the tool. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is evaluated by experiment and simulation.
Predictive VM consolidation on multiple resources: Beyond load balancing (2013)

Effective consolidation of different applications on common resources is often akin to black art as application performance interference may result in unpredictable system and workload delays. In this paper we consider the problem of fair load balancing on multiple servers within a virtualized data center setting. We especially focus on multi-tiered applications with different resource demands per tier and address the problem on how to best match each application tier on each resource, such that performance interference is minimized. To address this problem, we propose a two-step approach. First, a fair load balancing scheme assigns different virtual machines (VMs) across different servers; this process is formulated as a multi-dimensional vector scheduling problem that uses a new polynomial-time approximation scheme (PTAS) to minimize the maximum utilization across all server resources and results in multiple load balancing solutions. Second, a queueing network analytic model is applied on the proposed min-max solutions in order to select the optimal one. We experimentally evaluate the proposed two-stage mechanism using a Xen virtualization testbed that hosts multiple RUBiS multi-tier applications. Experimental results show that the proposed mechanism is robust as it always predicts the optimal consolidation strategy.