gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimizing phase object reconstruction using an in-line digital holographic microscope and a reconstruction based on a Lorenz-Mie model (2018)

Among the various configurations that may be used in digital holography, the original in-line “Gabor” configuration is the simplest setup, with a single beam. It requires sparsity of the sample but it is free from beam separation device and associated drawbacks. This option is particularly suited when cost, compact design or stability are important. This configuration is also easier to adapt on a traditional microscope. Finally, from the metrological point of view, this configuration, combined with parametric inverse reconstructions using Lorenz-Mie Theory, has proven to make possible highly accurate estimation of spherical particles parameters (3D location, radius and refractive index) with sub-micron accuracy. Experimental parameters such as the defocus distance, the choice of the objective, or the coherence of the source have a strong influence on the accuracy of the estimation. They are often studied experimentally on specific setups. We previously demonstrated the benefit of using statistical signal processing tools as the Cram´er-Rao Lower Bounds to predict best theoretical accuracy reachable for opaque object. This accuracy depends on the image/hologram formation model, the noise model and the signal to noise ratio in the holograms. In a co-design framework, we propose here to investigate the influence of experimental parameters on the estimation of the radius and refractive index of micrometer-sized transparent spherical objects. In this context, we use Lorenz-Mie Theory to simulate spherical object holograms, to compute Cram´er-Rao Lower bounds, and to numerically reconstruct the objects parameters using an inverse problem approach. Then, these theoretical studies are used to challenge our digital holographic microscopy setup and conclude about accuracy, limitations and possible enhancements.
A Dendritic Cell–Based Vaccine Elicits T Cell Responses Associated with Control of HIV-1 Replication (2013)

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) greatly improves survival and quality of life of HIV-1-infected patients; however, cART must be continued indefinitely to prevent viral rebound and associated disease progression. Inducing HIV-1-specific immune responses with a therapeutic immunization has been proposed to control viral replication after discontinuation of cART as an alternative to "cART for life." We report safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity results associated with a control of viral replication for a therapeutic vaccine using autologous monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MD-DCs) pulsed with autologous heat-inactivated whole HIV. Patients on cART with CD4(+) >450 cells/mm(3) were randomized to receive three immunizations with MD-DCs or with nonpulsed MD-DCs. Vaccination was feasible, safe, and well tolerated and shifted the virus/host balance. At weeks 12 and 24 after cART interruption, a decrease of plasma viral load setpoint ≥1 log was observed in 12 of 22 (55%) versus 1 of 11 (9%) and in 7 of 20 (35%) versus 0 of 10 (0%) patients in the DC-HIV-1 and DC-control groups, respectively. This significant decrease in plasma viral load observed in immunized recipients was associated with a consistent increase in HIV-1-specific T cell responses. These data suggest that HIV-1-specific immune responses elicited by therapeutic DC vaccines could significantly change plasma viral load setpoint after cART interruption in chronic HIV-1-infected patients treated in early stages. This proof of concept supports further investigation of new candidates and/or new optimized strategies of vaccination with the final objective of obtaining a functional cure as an alternative to cART for life.
Serum Lp(a) level as a predictor of vein graft stenosis after coronary artery bypass surgery in patients. (1988)

Although the serum lipoprotein fraction Lp(a) has been associated with coronary artery atherosclerosis, its relationship to narrowing of saphenous vein grafts has not previously been elucidated. We therefore measured serum Lp(a) levels in 167 symptomatic patients undergoing cardiac catheterization who had had coronary artery bypass surgery 0.7 to 14.3 years earlier. Lp(a), total cholesterol, and total triglyceride levels were compared with the degree of saphenous vein graft stenosis to test for any association. Serum Lp(a) levels were significantly associated with the degree of stenosis of saphenous vein grafts (r = .24, p = .002). Mean Lp(a) levels (mg/dl) in the 135 patients with stenosis were almost double (32.0 +/- 32.7, mean +/- SD) those in the 32 patients with no graft stenosis (16.7 +/- 22.6; p = .002). Graft stenosis was not associated with previous myocardial infarction, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, or smoking. Serum cholesterol levels (mg/dl) were slightly higher in the stenosis group (251.3 +/- 69) than in the no-stenosis group (231.8 +/- 48.8), but the difference was of borderline significance (p = .06). A stepwise increase in mean Lp(a) was found in groups of patients with increasing vein graft stenosis. At a serum Lp(a) level of 31.6 mg/dl or above, 92% of the patients demonstrated vein graft stenosis. Thus, patients with elevated Lp(a) levels have an increased risk of developing saphenous vein graft stenosis after coronary bypass surgery.
A secure revocable personal health record system with policy-based fine-grained access control (2015)

Collaborative sharing of information is becoming much more needed technique to achieve complex goals in today's fast-paced tech-dominant world. In our context, Personal Health Record (PHR) system has become a popular research area for sharing patients information very quickly among health professionals. PHR systems store and process sensitive information, which should have proper security mechanisms to protect data. Thus, access control mechanisms of the PHR should be well-defined. Secondly, PHRs should be stored in encrypted form. Therefore, cryptographic schemes offering a more suitable solution for enforcing access policies based on user attributes are needed. Attribute-based encryption can resolve these problems. We have proposed a framework with fine-grained access control mechanism that protects PHRs against service providers, and malicious users. We have used the Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption system as an efficient cryptographic technique, enhancing security and privacy of the system, as well as enabling access revocation in a hierarchical scheme. The Web Services and APIs for the proposed framework have been developed and implemented, along with an Android mobile application for the system.
Asymmetric Synthesis using Sulfinimines (Thiooxime S-Oxides) (1997)

Abstract: The addition of diethylaluminum cyanide and the lithium enolate of methyl α-bromoacetate to sulfinimines (thiooxime S-oxides) is highly diastereoselective affording α-amino nitriles and N-sulfinylaziridines, respectively. Hydroloysis of the α-amino nitriles gives α-amino acids in high ee, while hydrolysis of N-sulfinylaziridine carboxylic acids give β-hydroxy-α-amino acids. The latter compounds were transformed into (+)-thiamphenicol, a broad spectrum antibiotic and sphingosine, an important component of the sphingolipids.
Expanding application of the Wiggers diagram to teach cardiovascular physiology (2014)

Dr. Carl Wiggers' careful observations have provided a meaningful resource for students to learn how the heart works. Throughout the many years from his initial reports, the Wiggers diagram has been used, in various degrees of complexity, as a fundamental tool for cardiovascular instruction. Often, the various electrical and mechanical plots are the novice learner's first exposure to simulated data. As the various temporal relationships throughout a heartbeat could simply be memorized, the challenge for the cardiovascular instructor is to engage the learner so the underlying mechanisms governing the changing electrical and mechanical events are truly understood. Based on experience, we suggest some additions to the Wiggers diagram that are not commonly used to enhance cardiovascular pedagogy. For example, these additions could be, but are not limited to, introducing the concept of energy waves and their role in influencing pressure and flow in health and disease. Also, integrating concepts of exercise physiology, and the differences in cardiac function and hemodynamics between an elite athlete and normal subject, can have a profound impact on student engagement. In describing the relationship between electrical and mechanical events, the instructor may find the introduction of premature ventricular contractions as a useful tool to further understanding of this important principle. It is our hope that these examples can aid cardiovascular instructors to engage their learners and promote fundamental understanding at the expense of simple memorization.
Analysis of impedance characteristics of meander coil (1996)

We have developed a meander coil type linear sensor. When a detection coil is moved on a scale coil, mutual inductance fluctuates according to the displacement, causing the impedance change of detection coil. Therefore, displacement can be detected by using this impedance change. Impedance becomes like a sine wave form and impedance variation increases by resonating the coil, compared with the case when the coil is not resonating. When the width of the detection coil and scale coil are 0.5 and 0.6 mm respectively, impedance variation has its maximum of 38.6 /spl Omega/.
Comment on “Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens” (2001)

A Comment on the Letter by J. B. Pendry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966 (2000). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.Issues similar to those made in the following two Comments were also raised in a paper by N. Garcia and M. Nieto-Vesperinas, Madrid, Spain.
Dedicated software for fieldbus control applications (2001)

The paper offers details on the software package used in some industrial control applications based on Fieldbus Foundation specification. The main result is the configuration program placed on a Host Computer which can produce a control structure by selecting different function blocks defined as Fieldbus compatible Field Equipments, the specification of the necessary interconnections and by programming of their parameters. Additionally, the software architecture that ensures the interface between the Host Computer and the Fieldbus Infrastructure and the facilities offered by the hardware support made with a dedicated Fieldbus Interface Board are presented. The description of the Graphic User Interface developed in a Delphi Environment underlines the advantages in the necessary operations for the building of different control configurations and for their management. The communication package program shows how the integration with the requirements of the ISO/OSI Link layer specification and of the Fieldbus Message Specification is made. Finally, the paper does an analysis of the facilities of the proposed software.
Enhancement of <i>in vivo</i> endothelialization of tissue‐engineered vascular grafts by granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (2005)

Successful reconstruction of large-diameter blood vessel in humans has been demonstrated using the tissue engineering technique, but improvement in patency of small-diameter bioartificial vascular graft remains a great challenge. This study reports that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can enhance in vivo endothelialization of tissue-engineered vascular grafts, which could be used to improve patency of small-diameter vascular graft. Vascular grafts were tissue engineered with decellularized canine abdominal aortas and canine autologous bone marrow-derived cells. Prior to cell seeding onto decellularized graft matrices, bone marrow-derived cells were induced to differentiate into endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. The cell-seeded vascular grafts were implanted into the abdominal aortas of bone marrow donor dogs. Before and after graft implantation, G-CSF was administered subcutaneously to the dogs (n = 3). The grafts implanted into the dogs not receiving G-CSF were used as controls (n = 3). Eight weeks after implantation, grafts in both groups showed regeneration of vascular tissues including endothelium and smooth muscle. Importantly, endothelium formation was more extensive in the G-CSF-treated grafts than in the control grafts, as assessed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. In addition, intimal hyperplasia was significantly reduced in the G-CSF-treated grafts compared to the control grafts. This study suggests that G-CSF administration could be applied to improve patency of small-diameter tissue-engineered vascular grafts.
A high-level approach to test generation (1993)

A high-level test generation algorithm based upon the branch and bound search procedure is presented. The algorithm is described in detail, highlighting the various tradeoffs that are involved. A complete dependency-directed backtracking scheme that has significant advantage over chronological backtracking is introduced. Different uses for the algorithm are presented to show its versatility. Results showing significant performance improvement over gate level test generation are also presented. The ability to generate tests for incomplete designs is a major strength of this scheme.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Behavior of Metal DPFs at Low Temperatures in Conjunction with a Cerium Based Additive (1998)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A light duty truck Renault Trafic with a naturally aspirated 2.5 l diesel engine was equipped with metal particulate filters of different sizes, installed at different positions along the exhaust pipe of the vehicle. The filters were operated on diesel fuel doped with a cerium based additive at concentration of 100 ppm in the fuel. Tests were carried out on chassis dynamometer using continuous repetition of the urban part of the European Driving Cycle as a « worst case » approach. Comparisons are made between the different sizes and positioning as regards both back-pressure build up and catalytic regeneration behavior. The results show that filter regeneration was always possible at continuous low speed driving, at relatively high filter back-pressure levels (i.e. high particulate accumulation in the filter), with an effect on fuel consumption. As expected, the New European Driving Cycle, with alternate urban and extra urban operation of the vehicle, always provides the necessary conditions for trap regeneration therefore affects neither the fuel consumption nor maximum engine power output. The paper investigates a number of engineering parameters related to the design and the installation of such a system with fully passive operation on a light duty truck.</div>
Improving MU-MIMO performance in LTE-(advanced) by efficiently exploiting feedback resources and through dynamic scheduling (2013)

Multi-user MIMO communication can provide significant gains by exploiting spatial multiplexing. However, it requires better feedback to provide accurate channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) for minimizing the multiuser interference. 3GPP LTE provides support for MU-MIMO, but it is not sufficient to extract sizable gains. In this paper, our primary goal is to efficiently exploit the system's resources for MU-MIMO in LTE. In the existing 3GPP LTE standard (Rel. 8), we observed that the transmission mode 5 (TM5) dedicated for MU-MIMO utilizes wideband feedback method for providing channel directional information/ precoding matrix indicator (CDI/PMI). The standard supports finer granularity feedback i.e. sub-band feedback method, but it's not utilized for MU-MIMO and restricted only to SU-MIMO. Therefore in this work, we propose to exploit the sub-band feedback for providing more frequent update of PMI. However, in order to support this feedback method, we need to propose a new downlink control information (DCI) format for TM5 that will contain additional fields in comparison to the existing DCI format 1D. Furthermore, to extract optimal performance at the system level, we also propose a MAC-layer scheduling algorithm that deals with resource management on sub-band basis. Utilizing these proposed methods, we show considerable gains in MU-MIMO for 3GPP LTE at the system level.
Rational design of a new class of diffusion‐inhibited HABI with fast back‐reaction (2007)

Abstract The fast reversible photochromic molecule was synthesized with the aid of triphenylimidazolyl radicals (TPI ˙ ) and naphthalene linker. The crystal structure, photochemical properties, and kinetics of the target compound (1,8‐TPID‐naphthalene) were investigated. 1,8‐TPID‐naphthalene photochemically cleaved into 1,8‐bisTPI ˙ ‐ naphthalene and the color of the solution changed from colorless to green. ESR spectroscopy detected the light‐induced triplet radical pair in frozen matrix. After the UV irradiation is ceased, the back‐reaction of 1,8‐bisTPI ˙ ‐naphthalene occurred by thermal conversion in the dark. The kinetic study on the back‐reaction revealed that the reaction obeys the first‐order kinetics with 2.04 s of half‐life time at 295 K. The activation energy and frequency factor of the back‐reaction were determined as 42.0 kJ/mol and 9.25 × 10 6 s −1 , respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of HP/HT Fiber-Optic Connectors for Subsea Intelligent Wells (2003)

This article, written by Assistant Technology Editor Karen Bybee, contains highlights of paper OTC 15323, "The Development and Application of HT/HP Fiber-Optic Connectors For Use on Subsea Intelligent Wells," by Perry Wright, Stewart Barlow, and Anton Brees, Ocean Design Inc., prepared for the 2003 Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, 5-8 May.
The Risk-Point Method for Measuring and Controlling Yield Curve Risk (1995)

The duration of a fixed-income asset (or liability) is a measure of its price sensitivity relative to its own yield. It is well recognized that duration fails to capture the exposure of a portfolio to changes in the shape of the yield curve. This form of interest rate risk, referred to as yield curve risk, can be significant in portfolios containing options, some mortgage derivatives, and most exotic securities. The authors present a risk measure that is more complete than simple measures such as duration that can be used in measuring the yield curve. This “risk-point measure” can be applied to various active and structured portfolio strategies.
Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Pain after Total Knee Arthroplasty (2012)

This clinical practice guideline was approved by Korean Knee Society on February 28, 2012. It is based on a systematic review of published studies on the management of postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty and was developed to include the overall pain management modalities. The purpose of the guideline is to help improve treatment based on current best evidence. Eleven recommendations have been developed based on a systematic review of research evidence and the consensus opinions of a multidisciplinary working group of experts. These recommendations will be revised regularly following systematic review of new research evidence as this becomes available.
A scenario-based predictive control approach to building HVAC management systems (2013)

We present a Stochastic Model Predictive Control (SMPC) algorithm that maintains predefined comfort levels in building Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems while minimizing the overall energy use. The strategy uses the knowledge of the statistics of the building occupancy and ambient conditions forecasts errors and determines the optimal control inputs by solving a scenario-based stochastic optimization problem. Peculiarities of this strategy are that it does not make assumptions on the distribution of the uncertain variables, and that it allows dynamical learning of these statistics from true data through the use of copulas, i.e., opportune probabilistic description of random vectors. The scheme, investigated on a prototypical student laboratory, shows good performance and computational tractability.
A radioimmunoassay method for 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil using antibodies directed against 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. (1977)

Above pH 7.0 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (ara-U) shows marked pH-dependent cross-reactivity with antibodies directed towards 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Since this peculiar phenomenon has not been observed with other nucleosides and nucleotides thus far tested, it is probably the result of base-catalyzed tautomerism of ara-U to its enolic form which renders it more structurally similar to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. By performing the radioimmunoassay at both pH 6.2 and 8.6 we could determine 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and ara-U simultaneously. This method for ara-U assay is simple, fairly reliable, and applicable to blood level studies.
The heterogeneity of cell subtypes from a primary culture of human amniotic fluid (2010)

Heterogeneous human amniotic fluid contains various cell types. Herein, we report on the possibility of simultaneously isolating three subtypes of cells from one primary culture. Using a stainless steel instrument named a colony poculum, two of the three cell subtypes could be efficiently cultured, and these were further characterized. The results indicated that these two cell subtypes had different morphologies and were characterized by different cell marker expression profiles, including the differential expression of CD105, CD117 and EBAF. Furthermore, their gene expression array data revealed their different gene expression profiles. Although both cell types expressed several embryonic stem cell-specific markers, they were non-tumorigenic in vivo. This paper not only provides new insight into the heterogeneity of human amniotic fluid, it also presents a simple yet efficient cell isolation method. These results will contribute to the thorough investigation of the properties and potential future applications of human amniotic fluid-derived cells.
RNA polymerase II transcription initiation: A structural view (1997)

In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase II transcribes messenger RNAs and several small nuclear RNAs. Like RNA polymerases I and III, polymerase II cannot act alone. Instead, general initiation factors [transcription factor (TF) IIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH] assemble on promoter DNA with polymerase II, creating a large multiprotein-DNA complex that supports accurate initiation. Another group of accessory factors, transcriptional activators and coactivators, regulate the rate of RNA synthesis from each gene in response to various developmental and environmental signals. Our current knowledge of this complex macromolecular machinery is reviewed in detail, with particular emphasis on insights gained from structural studies of transcription factors.
Comparison of the vasoconstrictor effects of the selective 5‐HT<sub>1D</sub>‐receptor agonist L‐775,606 with the mixed 5‐HT<sub>1B</sub>/<sub>1D</sub>‐receptor agonist sumatriptan and 5‐HT in human isolated coronary artery (2000)

The selective 5-HT1D-receptor agonist L-775,606 has less propensity towards vasoconstriction in human isolated coronary artery (endothelium-denuded) than was mixed 5-HT1B/1D-receptor agonist sumatriptan. The contractions produced were at concentrations where L-775,606 would be expected to occupy 5-HT1B-receptors.