gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Pandemic (Novel) A/H1N1 2009 Influenza (2010)

Laboratory diagnosis of influenza is important for treatment, surveillance, infection control, chemoprophylaxis, and monitoring of resistance.Rapid and sensitive nucleic acid amplification tests have widely replaced virus isolation as the reference standard (9).However, despite improvements in sensitivity and specificity, results of these tests need to be interpreted in conjunction with the history and clinical findings of the patient.False negatives may occur because of low virus quantities, poorly collected specimens, inappropriate handling, or delayed transport and technical reasons, such as the presence of viral inhibitors.Herein, we report our experience with three cases seen at Rush University Medical Center (RUMC), Chicago, IL, in which testing of nasopharyngeal swabs were negative for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus but positive based on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples (Table 1).Patient 1.A 50-year-old male with asthma was admitted to RUMC on 6 July 2009 with a 4-day history of fevers up to 38.9°C, chills, productive cough with mild hemoptysis, and diarrhea for 1 day.He was tachycardic, with a saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) of 96% in room air (RA) and a negative chest X-ray (CXR).Levofloxacin was empirically started.A polyester-tipped nasopharyngeal swab (Puritan Medical Products, Guildford, ME) in M4RT transport medium (Remel, Lenexa, KS) was collected on admission and tested negative for respiratory viruses by Luminex xTag RVP reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR; Luminex, Austin, TX) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) novel A/H1N1 RT-PCR performed at the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH).The patient had a chest computed tomography (CT) scan that showed bilateral upper-lobe confluent airspace opacities with multiple small lung cysts and scattered micronodules.Bronchoscopy was performed on 10 July which found copious thick clear secretions and scattered hyperemia and airway wall edema throughout both lungs.The BAL fluid sample was positive for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza by both Luminex and CDC RT-PCRs.The patient improved clinically and was discharged without antiviral treatment.Patient 2. A 25-year-old female who was 18-weeks pregnant was admitted to RUMC on 16 October 2009 with 1 week of fevers, cough, and myalgias.She had a history of asthma and thrombophilia secondary to a methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutation, with four previous miscarriages, and was on enoxaparin for deep venous thrombosis.She was tachycardic, with an SpO2 of 97% in RA.A CXR showed a left lower lobe infiltrate, and she was started on ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and oseltamivir.Chest CT scan showed multilobar pneumonia.A nasopharyngeal swab collected on admission was negative by Luminex and CDC RT-PCRs.The pa-
Technology CAD: technology modeling, device design and simulation (2004)

Technology CAD that accurately predicts the process and device characteristics of anticipated wafer fabrication technology is indispensable for future IC fabrication and device development. This tutorial provides a detailed survey of the challenging issues of TCAD in technology and device design, insight into the foundation of TCAD tools, calibration of physical models for predictive bulk-process and device simulations, and practical examples form the industrial usage of TCAD in research and development.
On the security and privacy of Interac e-Transfers (2019)

Nowadays, the Interac e-Transfer is one of the most important remote payment methods for Canadian consumers. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the very first to examine the privacy and security of Interac e-Transfers. Experimental results show that the notifications sent to customers via email and SMS contain sensitive private information that can potentially be observed by third parties. Anyone with illegitimate intent can use this information to carry out attacks, including the fraudulent redirection of Standard e-Transfers. Such an attack is shown to be possible at least in an experimental setup but likely also in reality. Recent news articles support this finding. Improvements to overcome these interconnected privacy and security problems are proposed and discussed.
Photovoltaic Effect in Titanium Dioxide/Polythiophene Cell (1997)

The photovoltaic effect has been observed in a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) and polythiophene (PT) composite cell, ITO/TiO 2 /PT/Au. The TiO 2 /PT junction forms a rectifying contact and the ideality is better than that of the TiO 2 /ZnPc junction reported previously. There exists a good correlation between the optical absorption spectrum of the PT layer and collection efficiency of the cell with illumination from the ITO side. This indicates that the TiO 2 layer effectively works as a wide-gap window material. Photovoltaic and electrical properties of the cell are varied considerably by changing the undoping potential of the PT layer. These phenomena are interpreted in terms of the band theory taking into consideration the contribution from surface states.
Intracytoplasmic inclusions in human hepatocytes in non‐A, non‐B hepatitis: An ultrastructural study (1984)

An ultrastructural study was carried out on 114 liver biopsies obtained for diagnostic purposes from patients with various pathological disorders of the liver including hepatitis B-related liver disease, non-A, non-B hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty change, and cryptogenic cirrhosis. The opportunity was taken to evaluate the significance of intracytoplasmic crystalline structures found in the hepatocytes of nine patients with a variety of liver disorders. The cytoplasmic inclusions varied in size up to 2 microns in length and shape and were not limited by membranes. The presence of these inclusions cannot, however, be correlated either specifically with non-A, non-B hepatitis or with other known nonviral liver disease. The functional, physiological, and pathological significance of the crystalline structures remain to be elucidated.
Novel Predictive Start-up Algorithm for Soft Starter Driven Induction Motors (2020)

This paper presents a new model predictive algorithm for induction motors driven by a soft starter. The predictive algorithm idea and equations that are used for the calculation of the system behaviour are discussed in detail. Decision criteria are introduced and defined for different aspects. Measurements of predictive and classic start-ups are done under different load conditions and then compared. Also, the capabilities, the advantages and opportunities of the new approach are discussed.
Scalable Service Discovery for MANET (2005)

Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) conveniently complement infrastructure-based networks, allowing mobile nodes to spontaneously form a network and share their services, including bridging with other networks, either infrastructure-based or ad hoc. However, distributed service provisioning over MANETs requires adequate support for service discovery and invocation, due to the network's dynamics and resource constraints of wireless nodes. While a number of existing service discovery protocols have shown to be effective for the wireless environment, these are mainly aimed at infrastructure-based and/or 1-hop ad hoc wireless networks. Some discovery protocols for MANETs have been proposed over the last couple of years but they induce significant traffic overhead, and are thus primarily suited for small-scale MANETs with few nodes. Building upon the evaluation of existing protocols, we introduce a scalable service discovery protocol for MANETs, which is based on the homogeneous and dynamic deployment of cooperating directories within the network. Scalability of our protocol comes from the minimization of the generated traffic, and the use of compact directory summaries that enable to efficiently locate the directory that most likely caches the description of a given service
<i>Kinesin light chain</i> -independent function of the <i>Kinesin heavy chain</i> in cytoplasmic streaming and posterior localisation in the <i>Drosophila</i> oocyte (2002)

Microtubules and the Kinesin heavy chain, the force-generating component of the plus end-directed microtubule motor Kinesin I are required for the localisation of oskar mRNA to the posterior pole of theDrosophila oocyte, an essential step in the determination of the anteroposterior axis. We show that the Kinesin heavy chain is also required for the posterior localisation of Dynein, and for all cytoplasmic movements within the oocyte. Furthermore, the KHC localises transiently to the posterior pole in an oskar mRNA-independent manner. Surprisingly, cytoplasmic streaming still occurs in kinesin light chain null mutants, and bothoskar mRNA and Dynein localise to the posterior pole. Thus, the Kinesin heavy chain can function independently of the light chain in the oocyte, indicating that it associates with its cargoes by a novel mechanism.
Scaling Genetic Programming to Large Datasets Using Hierarchical Dynamic Subset Selection (2007)

The computational overhead of genetic programming (GP) may be directly addressed without recourse to hardware solutions using active learning algorithms based on the random or dynamic subset selection heuristics (RSS or DSS). This correspondence begins by presenting a family of hierarchical DSS algorithms: RSS-DSS, cascaded RSS-DSS, and the balanced block DSS algorithm, where the latter has not been previously introduced. Extensive benchmarking over four unbalanced real-world binary classification problems with 30000-500000 training exemplars demonstrates that both the cascade and balanced block algorithms are able to reduce the likelihood of degenerates while providing a significant improvement in classification accuracy relative to the original RSS-DSS algorithm. Moreover, comparison with GP trained without an active learning algorithm indicates that classification performance is not compromised, while training is completed in minutes as opposed to half a day.
Possible involvement of NETosis in inflammatory processes in the eye: Evidence from a small cohort of patients. (2017)

This study showed the existence of NETosis in cytokine-induced ocular inflammation in a mouse model and human samples. Furthermore, the extent of NET complex formation was higher in a subset of patients who exhibited more complicated PDR.
Time synchronization services for low-cost fog computing applications (2017)

This paper presents the time synchronization infrastructure for a low-cost run-time platform and application framework specifically targeting Smart Grid applications. Such distributed applications require the execution of reliable and accurate time-coordinated actions and observations both within islands of deployments and across geographically distant nodes. The time synchronization infrastructure is built on well-established technologies: GPS, NTP, PTP, PPS and Linux with real-time extensions, running on low-cost BeagleBone Black hardware nodes. We describe the architecture, implementation, instrumentation approach, performance results and present an example from the application domain. Also, we discuss an important finding on the effect of the Linux RT_PREEMPT real-time patch on the accuracy of the PPS subsystem and its use for GPS-based time references.
Development of vaccines for bacterial diseases using recombinant DNA technology. (1986)

A vaccine was prepared using recombinant DNA techniques to prevent fatal enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea in swine. The product, which is a subunit vaccine, was prepared by mechanical and chemical removal of pilus adhesins from the surface of genetically engineered strains of E. coli. The vaccine contains the pilus adhesins K88, K99, and 987P plus an adjuvant. The genes responsible for production of K88 and K99 were separately cloned into the multicopy vector pBR322. K88 was found to be encoded on a 7.6-kilobase HindIII-EcoRI fragment, and K99 was found to be encoded on a 7.15-kilobase BamHI fragment. Strains containing the recombinant plasmid for K99 produced up to ten times more K99 than strains containing the wild-type plasmid. Vaccination of pregnant pigs with the vaccine led to production of pilus-adhesin-specific antibodies that were transferred to the piglets in colostrum and milk. Pilus-adhesin-specific antibodies neutralized the adhesiveness of the pili on enterotoxigenic E. coli, thus preventing attachment, colonization, and disease. Mortality of pigs in litters from vaccinated pigs due to experimentally induced enterotoxigenic E. coli diarrhea was reduced 10-to-20-fold (depending upon the challenge strain), and the incidence, severity, and duration of diarrhea were also reduced.
Α β-Diketiminato−Nickel(II) Synthon for Nickel(I) Complexes (2005)

The compound (Nacnac)Ni(μ-Br)2Li(THF)2 (Nacnac = (HC(CMeNC6H3(i-Pr)2)2) was reduced by reaction with K/Na alloy in toluene. The resulting product [((Nacnac)Ni)2(μ-η3:η3-C6H5Me)] (1) was characterized and is best described as a Ni(II) species in which electron transfer from Ni to toluene has occurred. This compound reacts with a variety of donors to give Ni(I) complexes. For example, compound 1 reacts with phosphines, nitriles, acetylenes, olefins, and ketones to give the paramagnetic complexes (Nacnac)Ni(PCy3) (2), (Nacnac)Ni(Ph2PCH2PPh2) (3), (Nacnac)Ni(NCPh) (4), (Nacnac)Ni(η2-PhCCPh) (5), (Nacnac)Ni(η2-Me3SiCCSiMe3)(6), (Nacnac)Ni(η2-H2CCPh2) (7), and (Nacnac)Ni(OCPh2) (8). In the related reaction of 1 with dimethylfulvene, electron transfer from metal to ligand is evidenced by the formation of the dimetallic species [((Nacnac)Ni(η3:η3-C5H4CMe2))2] (9). The crystal structures of 1−9 are reported, and the bonding and reactivity of these products are discussed.
Design and Implementation of a Novel Cost-effective Fall Detection and Intervention System for Independent Living Based on Wireless Sensor Network Technologies (2015)

Design and Implementation of a Novel Cost-effective Fall Detection and Intervention System for Independent Living Based on Wireless Sensor Network Technologies Alexander Liu Cheng, Christos Georgoulas, Thomas Bock Pages 1-9 (2015 Proceedings of the 32nd ISARC, Oulu, Finland, ISBN 978-951-758-597-2, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Physical and cognitive decline associated with the natural aging process require the implementation of integrated and ambulant assistive technologies for the elderly to sustain independence with respect to Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). These technologies, framed in the context of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL), instantiate environments where sensor modules and robotic agents mitigate and/or compensate for the declining dexterity and diminishing strength of the occupants. Research trends in this field suggest the importance of such assistive services, especially considering that all emerging industrial nations are experiencing aging-related demographic change. In this paper the authors propose the design and implementation of a low cost, ad hoc Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system that integrates seamlessly into a WiFi-dependent mobile rover (i.e., TurtleBot) system, effectively creating a versatile yet robust de facto Cyber-Physical Network (CPN) where gathered WSN sense-data is used to trigger events in the rover. The system will first be outlined, followed by a detailing of a concrete use-case example, where a laser emitted from one WSN module to a series of photosensitive sensors in another is used to detect the presence and location of unexpected objects (e.g., collapsed person and/or furniture etc.); and where the rover is instructed to autonomously navigate to this location to further ascertain the status of said object(s). The example intends to illustrate the potential of a multi-layered, energy-efficient, self-configurable, scalable and reliable sensing-actuating system that can be added to existing WiFi networks without technical difficulty or network modifications. Keywords: Ambient Assisted Living, Service Robotics, Human-Machine-Interface, Robot Vision, Automation and Robotics DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2015/0079 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
Interactive design metric visualization: visual metric support for user interface design (2002)

Interactive metric visualization is a novel approach providing complex, multi-dimensional feedback on the effects of layout changes in user interface designs. A graphical overlay based on the underlying rationale of quantitative design metrics, provides immediate feedback, continually guiding designers toward improved layouts. Effective visual metaphors, colour coding, and dynamic updating enable designers to interpret and utilize more complex information than from simple quantitative data or static overlays. This technique is especially suited to accelerated design and development using modern visual development tools. An experimental prototype for this approach is described and initial experience is reported.
Untargeted LC–MS Metabolomics of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Differentiates Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome from Health (2013)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a significant hazard to human health and is clinically challenging because there are no prognostic biomarkers and no effective pharmacotherapy. The lung compartment metabolome may detail the status of the local environment that could be useful in ARDS biomarker discovery and the identification of drug target opportunities. However, neither the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as a biofluid for metabolomics nor the optimal analytical platform for metabolite identification is established. To address this, we undertook a study to compare metabolites in BALF samples from patients with ARDS and healthy controls using a newly developed liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectroscopy (MS) platform for untargeted metabolomics. Following initial testing of three different high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns, we determined that reversed phase (RP)-LC and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) were the most informative chromatographic methods because they yielded the most and highest quality data. Following confirmation of metabolite identification, statistical analysis resulted in 37 differentiating metabolites in the BALF of ARDS compared with health across both analytical platforms. Pathway analysis revealed networks associated with amino acid metabolism, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, phospholipids, and purine metabolism in the ARDS BALF. The complementary analytical platforms of RPLC and HILIC-LC generated informative, insightful metabolomics data of the ARDS lung environment.
Functional and nonlinear optical metasurfaces (2015)

Optical metasurfaces are thin-layer subwavelength-patterned structures that interact strongly with light. Metasurfaces have become the subject of several rapidly growing areas of research, being a logical extension of the field of metamaterials towards their practical applications. Metasurfaces demonstrate many useful properties of metadevices with engineered resonant electric and magnetic optical responses combined with low losses of thin-layer structures. Here we introduce the basic concepts of this rapidly growing research field that stem from earlier studies of frequency-selective surfaces in radiophysics, being enriched by the recent development of metamaterials and subwavelength nanophotonics. We review the most interesting properties of photonic metasurfaces, demonstrating their useful functionalities such as frequency selectivity, wavefront shaping, polarization control, etc. We discuss the ways to achieve tunability of metasurfaces and also demonstrate that nonlinear effects can be enhanced with the help of metasurface engineering. Metasurfaces have become the subject of several rapidly growing areas of research. They show many useful properties of metadevices with engineered resonant electric and magnetic optical responses combined with low losses of thin-layer structures. The basic concepts of this rapidly growing research field are introduced and enriched by the recent development of metamaterials and subwavelength nanophotonics. The most interesting properties of photonic metasurfaces are reviewed and their useful functionalities are demonstrated.
An automatic clustering algorithm using factorisation tree for parallel power system simulation (2002)

Parallel simulation of power systems requires the system to be partitioned into subnetworks which are processed on individual processors. Maximum computational efficiency is achieved when the network is split such that each processor has an equal computational load. This paper proposes an automatic method of network partitioning which gives well balanced network splits, based upon an analysis of the factorisation tree for the system. The method also predicts the expected parallel speed-up for the split and allows the visualisation of large networks. A modified minimum degree minimum length node ordering algorithm is also presented which gives well balanced factorisation trees.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of some N-benzhydrylpiperazine derivatives as calcium antagonists. (1987)

The preparation of a series of 24 N-benzhydrylpiperazine derivatives is described. Their efficacy as calcium antagonists was examined with reference to changes in the permeability of the cell membrane to extracellular and intracellular calcium. Compounds 14, 15, 17 and 19 were the most powerful when compared with known calcium antagonists such as cinnarizine, flunarizine, and aligeron ([1-diphenylmethyl)-4-(2-propenyl)]-piperazine), and were selected for further study.
Topiramate: A New Antiepileptic Drug (1997)

The robust clinical effects of topiramate expand the therapeutic options for patients with epilepsy. Controlled clinical trials are needed to verify initial observations that topiramate may be effective against a broad spectrum of seizure types and to directly compare efficacy and tolerability with other new and standard AEDs.
The Bootstrap Approach for Testing Skewness Persistence (1993)

This study presents a new methodology for testing changes in skewness between time periods (or samples) using the bootstrap method. A Monte Carlo simulation experiment was conducted to compare the effectiveness of the bootstrap method with the method suggested by Lau, Wingender and Lau (1989) to test skewness persistence. The results show the bootstrap method to be more powerful than the other method. The bootstrap method was also used to determine the persistence of skewness in stock returns. The results show that, in a large percentage of stocks, skewness persists over time.
[Bio-toxic effect of pyrene on Vallisneria spiralis]. (2007)

With indoor static stimulation test, this paper studied the effects of different concentrations (0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.1 mg x L(-1)) pyrene on the pyrene accumulation, free radical, antioxidant defenses, and the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar in Vallisneria spiralis. The results showed that after 10 days exposure to pyrene, V. spiralis leaf could accumulate large amount of pyrene. The free radical generation, peroxidase (POD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content had a persistent increase, but the increment decreased when exposed to higher concentrations (> 0.05 mg x L(-1) pyrene. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and soluble sugar contents increased with increasing concentration of pyrene, while reduced glutathione (GSH) and chlorophyll contents were in adverse. It was concluded that V. spiralis was sensitive to pyrene, and the stress effect would happen at 0.01 mg x L(-1) of pyrene.