gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Effects of the Nude <i>(nu/nu)</i> Mutation on Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis (1983)

Previous reports have suggested that the immune system is involved in the lung fibrogenic response to certain agents or treatments. In the present study, we have evaluated the impact of the athymic (nude) mutation on the development of pulmonary fibrosis in mice induced by a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin (0.75 units/animal). Histologic examination revealed that cellular infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, and connective tissue accumulation were diminished in the nude mice when compared with euthymic (het) control mice. In contrast to control animals treated with saline, total lung hydroxyproline in the nude mouse was not significantly increased at 14 and 30 days after bleomycin treatment. Net collagen synthesis, as assessed by measuring the rate of incorporation of tritiated proline in an organ culture system, was increased above control values in both nude and euthymic mice at 14 days after bleomycin treatment, although these values returned to normal at 30 days. However, lung collagen synthetic rates, normalized to dry lung weights, were significantly higher at 14 days in euthymic bleomycin-treated control mice than in the nude bleomycin-treated animals. The data indicate that the nude athymic mutation protects, at least partially, against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, thus suggesting a role for the cellular immune system in regulating the fibrogenic response to this drug.
Predicting scalability of parallel garbage collectors on shared memory multiprocessors (2002)

This paper describes a performance prediction model of parallel mark-sweep garbage collectors (GC) on shared memory multiprocessors. The prediction model takes the heap snapshot and memory access cost parameters (latency and occupancy) as inputs, and outputs performance of the parallel marking on any given number of processors. It takes several factors Mat affects performance into account: cache misses costs, memory access contention, and increase of misses by parallelization We evaluate this model by comparing the predicted GC performance and measured performance on two architecturally different shared memory machines: Ultra Enterprise 10000 (crossbar connected SMP) and Origin 2000 (hypercube connected DSM). Our model accurately predicts qualitatively different speedups on the two machines that occurred in one application, which turn out to be due to contentions on a memory node. Lit addition to performance analysis, applications of the proposed model include adaptive GC algorithm to achieve optimal performance based on the prediction. This paper shows the effect of automatic regulation of GC parallelism.
Detection of the pancreas-specific gene in the peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic carcinoma (1999)

The prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma remains very poor. To improve the therapeutic results, the early detection of this cancer is needed. The present study was performed to detect the pancreas-specific gene, chymotrypsinogen, in the peripheral blood from patients with pancreatic carcinoma by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in order to evaluate the clinical significance of this gene. Ten patients with pancreatic carcinoma, two with acute pancreatitis, three with chronic pancreatitis and ten control subjects were examined for the presence of chymotrypsinogen using RT-PCR techniques in the peripheral blood. To confirm that the chymotrypsinogen gene was expressed in a pancreas-specific manner, the expression of chymotrypsinogen in various types of human adult tissue was evaluated by RT-PCR. The specific band of the chymotrypsinogen gene was detected in the pancreas. Serial dilution studies demonstrated the chymotrypsinogen gene to be detected at a concentration of one pancreatic cell per 10(6) peripheral blood cells. Seven out of the ten (70%) patients with pancreatic carcinoma were found to be positive based on the RT-PCR findings. In contrast, no pancreas-specific gene was detected in the peripheral blood of any patients with acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis or the control subjects. Our observations show that the detection of the pancreatic specific gene, chymotrypsinogen, is therefore useful as a genetic diagnostic marker in pancreatic carcinoma.
Down syndrome and leukemia, an update. (1995)

Acute leukemia (AL) is a relatively uncommon, but dreaded, complication occurring with increased frequency in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). This selective update includes aspects of AL in DS in which a change or advancement in our understanding of this disease has occurred. Despite previous reports describing a worse outcome for these individuals, more recent studies have suggested an improved response to current treatment strategies (including high-dose AraC) equaling, or even surpassing, the survival of non-DS individuals with AL. An increased toxicity to methotrexate in DS patients has also been recognized. While the leukemia of DS infants has been described as megakaryoblastic, the spectrum of in vitro differentiation is much broader including (in addition to megakaryocytic colonies) various myeloid, macrophage, and even erythroid colonies. Although the cause(s) of DS-AL remains unknown, potential candidate genes include those encoded on chromosome 21 that play a role in other defined leukemias in non-DS individuals. The AML1/PEBP2alpha gene maps to the DS critical region and is characteristically associated with two leukemia-associated chromosomal translocations: 1) the 8;21 translocation involving an AML1/ETO fusion transcript commonly seen in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and; 2) a 3;21 translocation identified in certain chemotherapy-related myelodysplasias/leukemias and occasionally in the blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. Similarly, the ETS-related gene, ERG, involved in the AML 16;21 maps to the q22 region of chromosome 21. Lastly, a familial platelet disorder with a propensity to develop myeloid leukemia has been linked to 21q22.1-22.2 and conceivably might involve AML1, ERG or yet another gene.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Alkylation of Phenylthio Aziridine Carboxylates. (1987)

Abstract The N‐tert‐butylaziridinethiocarboxylate (Ia) is deprotonated and then treated with electrophilic compounds such as (II), (VII), and (VIII), yielding the products (III) ‐ (VI) and (IX).
Kansei Biosensor and IT Society (2004)

A taste sensor with global selectivity is composed of several kinds of lipid/polymer membranes for transforming information of taste substances into electric signal. The sensor output shows different patterns for chemical substances which have different taste qualities such as saltiness and sourness. Taste interactions such as suppression effect, which occurs between bitterness and sweetness, can be detected and quantified using the taste sensor. The taste and also smell of foodstuffs such as beer, coffee, mineral water, soup and milk can be discussed quantitatively. The taste sensor provides the objective scale for the human sensory expression. Multi-modal communication becomes possible using a taste/smell recognition microchip, which produces virtual taste. We are now standing at the beginning of a new age of communication using digitized taste.
Electrostriction and strain-optic phenomena in PLZT 9/65/35 (1981)

Abstract The quadratic electro-optic effect in ‘slim-loop’ PLZT ceramic materials is associated with electro-strictive strain, the strain-optic contribution forming a significant fraction of the total electro-optic effect. Clamped and unclamped quadratic electro-optic coefficients of 1.5 × 10−16 and 4.3 × 10−16 m2 V−2 have been measured in PLZT 9/65/35. Substantial ‘ringing’ of optical transmission in unclamped modulators is attributed to under-damped relaxation of electro-strictive strain.
CT-Guided Iliosacral Screw Placement: Technique and Clinical Experience (2007)

CT-guided iliosacral screw placement is a safe and accurate procedure that can be performed by radiologists in a radiology suite.
Investigation of Signal Characteristics Using the Continuous Wavelet Transform (1996)

this article, the CWT is considered as a qualitative tool that can be used to analyze such signals. The results of this analysis would then be used to construct appropriate signal processing algorithms to detect, characterize, and classify the signals. A particular complex-valued wavelet, proposed by Morlet, has good properties for use as the kernel in a qualitative CWT. These properties are presented, and the use of the CWT for studying wideband communications signals and for finding features that might be of phenomenological significance in a seismic signal is discussed. INTRODUCTION
Spatial prediction of vegetation quantities using ground and image data (1998)

A major challenge in Earth system studies is mapping vegetation quantities over large regions. Aspatial regression is typically the empirical method applied to remotely sensed and ground data for the spatial prediction of vegetation variables. Geostatistical methods, such as cokriging and stochastic simulation, have rarely been used for this purpose. A synthetic example was constructed from imaging spectrometer data to allow an objective comparison between regression, cokriging and a new stochastic simulation method. A range of linear relations between ground sample data and image data was represented in the example. The lowest root-mean-square-error was achieved with cokriging until the correlation coefficient (r) between direct and ancillary data exceeded 0.89, at which point regression was the more accurate predictor. Probability-field simulation gave a range of possible realizations, overall less accurate than those from regression but more faithful to the histogram and spatial pattern of the variable to be predicted. The strength of the relation between ground measurements and image data was shown to be a critical factor in choosing a spatial prediction method.
Increasing inter-area available transfer capacity using controllable network transformers (2010)

Control areas are often interconnected to each other by tie-lines over which the operators have little or no real-time control. Congestion of any one of the lines in the transmission corridor limits its Available Transfer Capacity (ATC), even if there is available spare capacity in some parallel paths. Increasing inter-area ATC is key to increasing penetration of renewable generation, since the geographical location of renewable generation sites are often far from the load centers. Traditional methods of increasing inter-area ATC like transmission upgrade or FACTS installations are expensive and also require significant lead-time. Controllable Network Transformers (CNTs) are low-cost power flow controllers which can be realized by augmenting existing Load Tap Changing (LTC) transformers. The paper shows from a system level perspective, the application of CNTs to increase inter-area tie-line ATC, thereby allowing increased inter-area green energy transfer.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry-based scatterometry for depth and linewidth measurements of polysilicon-filled deep trenches (2004)

Polysilicon recess etch process control in deep trench arrays of a DRAM requires reliable measurements of the recess depth directly in the trench array. Until now Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been used for post etch depth measurements. However, with decreasing lateral trench dimensions, AFM may approach its limits especially with respect to the available bottom travel length. Consequently, alternative metrology methods are of interest. Scatterometry is an optical, model based measurement technique which potentially allows a full reconstruction of the measured structure. The measurement of the polysilicon recess presents a number of challenges: (1) the recess depth (150nm to 300nm) is much smaller than the total height of the complete structure (several microns), (2) spacer-like sidewall layers are present, while (3) unpredictable effects may be present (e.g. voids in the polysilicon fill) and would be difficult to include into a grating model. In addition, for measurements within the trench array 3D capability is required. In this work we analyze the capability of 2D and 3D scatterometry for polysilicon recess depth process control. We evaluate parameter sensitivities, parameter correlations, measurement robustness, depth correlation to the trench array, precision and accuracy for a wide range of process variations by comparing results obtained by scatterometry to those obtained by AFM and SEM cross sections. We show that a simplified grating model provides accurate measurements in lines/spaces structures (2D). However, in trench arrays (3D) the trench depth sensitivity is critical.
Identification of 1,4-Benzoxazin-3-ones in Maize Extracts by Gas-Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (1979)

Gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLC-MS) has been used for the separation, detection, and identification of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones (hydroxamic acids and lactams) and benzoxazolinones found in maize (Zea mays L.) extracts. Compounds of interest were partitioned into ethyl acetate from aqueous maize seedling extracts. For analysis by GLC-MS, trimethylsilyl derivatives were prepared, chromatographed on a column of 3% OV-1, and detected in the mass spectrometer. Mass spectra were obtained for all peaks present in extracts of four maize lines. A data comparison system was developed for relating unidentified spectra to the spectra of the reference compounds. Based on spectral comparisons, three hydroxamic acids (2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1, 4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one; 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one; and 2,4-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), three lactams (2-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one; 2,7-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one; and 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), one benzoxazolinone (6-methoxybenzoxazolinone), and two organic acids (malic and aconitic) were identified in the extracts. In addition, one other hydroxamic acid and one other related compound were tentatively identified based on mass spectral evidence.
High-Resolution Range and Velocity Measurement Based on Photonic LFM Microwave Signal Generation and Detection (2018)

A microwave photonic approach is proposed to achieve a high resolution enhanced by a factor of 2 for the range and velocity measurement. In the transmitter, a V-shaped linear-frequency-modulated (LFM) microwave signal is generated through the frequency doubling enabled by photonics, with large time-bandwidth product for improving the range resolution, whereas in the receiver, the round-trip duration and Doppler frequency shift (DFS) between the transmitted LFM signal and the received echo signal are mapped into two doubled frequency spacings between two pairs of target sidebands by incorporating two cascaded electrooptic modulators. Thus, the distance and velocity of the moving target can be measured from the beat note of the target sidebands, showing a high resolution improved by a factor of 2. Experiments have been implemented and demonstrated in X-band with a bandwidth of 2 GHz. The distance measurement indicates an absolute error less than 3 mm. In addition, the performance of the proposed system in terms of low power level is discussed.
Brat (1868)

Brat Get access A. R. A. R. 1Deer, Aberdeenshire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s4-II, Issue 34, 22 August 1868, Page 182, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s4-II.34.182a Published: 22 August 1868
Zum Umweltverhalten von Fluortensiden. Teil 3: Reinigung der industriellen Abwässer (1986)

Abstract Four fluorotensides which are used mainly industrially are investigated with respect to their removability from waters. Since, in general, fluorotensides are difficult to remove or not at all removable biochemically, the effects of chemical or physicochemical treatment processes are tested. As the results represented in pictures and tables show, different modes of behaviour can be recognized with respect to the respective purification effect for the investigated fluorotensides, partly among them. Flocculation with Al‐ and Fe‐salts as well as chlorination and ozonization show only partial effects. But all the investigated fluorotensides can be adsorptively eliminated by means of powder or granular active charcoal and adsorbent resin Wofatit EA 60 .
Decoupler Pylon: A Simple, Effective Wing/Store Flutter Suppressor (1980)

As an alternative to alleviating wing/store flutter by conventional passive methods or by more advanced active control methods, a quasi-passive concept, referred to as the decoupler pylon, is investigated which combines desirable features of both methods. Passive soft-spring/damper elements are used to decouple wing modes from store pitch modes, and a low-power control system maintains store alignment under changing mean loads. It is shown by analysis and wind tunnel tests that the decoupler pylon provides substantial increase in flutter speed and makes flutter virtually insensitive to inertia and center-of-gravity location of the store.
Detection of Verotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> by Magnetic Capture-Hybridization PCR (1998)

Magnetic capture-hybridization PCR (MCH-PCR) was used for the detection of 36 verotoxigenic (verotoxin [VT]-producing) Escherichia coli (VTEC), 5 VTEC reference, and 13 non-VTEC control cultures. The detection system employs biotin-labeled probes to capture the DNA segments that contain specific regions of the genes for VT1 and VT2 by DNA-DNA hybridization. The hybrids formed were isolated by streptavidin-coated magnetic beads which were collected by a magnetic particle separator and, subsequently, amplified directly by conventional PCR. The detection system was found to be specific for VTEC: no amplification was obtained from non-VTEC controls, whereas VTEC isolates tested positive for one or two specific PCR products. With 5, 7, or 10 h of enrichment, the limits of detection were 10(3), 10(2), and 10(6) CFU/ml, respectively, by agarose gel electrophoresis. Southern hybridization did not seem to improve the limit of the detection. When applied to food, MCH-PCR was capable of detecting 10(0) CFU of VTEC per g of ground beef with 15 h of nonselective enrichment. The results of MCH-PCR for pure cultures of VT1- and/or VT2-producing E. coli cells were in total agreement with toxin production as measured by a VT enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Tear lactoferrin levels in chronic meibomitis associated with acne rosacea. (2000)

Though within the normal range, tear lactoferrin levels in patients with acne rosacea and seborrheic blepharitis were lower than controls. Low concentrations of lactoferrin may play a role in the ocular surface inflammatory components associated with these diseases.
Different types of Na+ and A‐type K+ currents in dorsal root ganglion neurones innervating the rat urinary bladder. (1996)

1. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording in combination with axonal tracing techniques was used to examine the electrical properties of afferent neurones innervating the urinary bladder of the adult rat. Individual bladder afferent cells were labelled by Fast Blue (FB), injected into the bladder wall. 2. Passive and active electrical parameters at room temperature (20-22 degrees C) in FB-labelled bladder afferent neurones were comparable with those in unlabelled neurones. Unselected dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones as well as bladder afferent neurones exhibited two different types of action potential: high-threshold humped spikes in small-sized neurones and low-threshold narrow spikes in large-sized neurones. 3. The majority (70%) of bladder neurones which were small in size expressed high-threshold tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant Na+ channels and slow-inactivating A-type K+ channels (KA), which were available at the resting membrane potential, whereas large-sized DRG neurones had low-threshold TTX-sensitive Na+ channels and fast-inactivating KA channels, which were almost completely inactivated at the resting membrane potential. 4. Half-maximal conductances of activation of TTX-resistant and TTX-sensitive Na+ currents were obtained at -10.3 and -25.3 mV, respectively. The TTX-resistant and TTX-sensitive Na+ currents were half-inactivated at -25.3 and -56 mV, respectively. 5. In the TTX-resistant neurones, the transient outward K+ current (A-type current, IA) with half-maximal conductance at -40.8 mV was half-inactivated at -77.5 mV, and exhibited slower decaying kinetics (mean decay constant (tau), 240 ms) than the IA current recorded from the large-sized TTX-sensitive neurones (mean tau, 20 ms). 6. These results suggest that the majority of bladder afferent neurones have high electrical thresholds for spike activation due to the TTX-resistant Na+ current and the slow-inactivating IA current, which reflect the large population of unmyelinated high-threshold C fibre afferents that innervate the urinary bladder.
Efficacy and tolerability of combined topical treatment of acne vulgaris with tretinoin and erythromycin in general practice. (1989)

Efficacy and tolerability of a gel preparation with 0.025% tretinoin and 4% erythromycin in acne vulgaris was evaluated in an open multicentre study. A total of 1337 patients of either sex, aged 8 to 68 years, were enrolled in the study; 13 had to be excluded from analysis. Some 499 patients had received former acne treatment; this was described as non-efficient or poorly efficient in 90% of the patients. The treatment period lasted up to 14 weeks. Efficacy was determined by counting the acne lesions (comedones, papules and pustules) before drug administration and every second week during the treatment period. Lesions had diminished after 2 weeks in about 35% of the patients. At the end of the treatment period, comedones were eliminated in 47.0% and improved in another 41.4%. Papules were eliminated and improved in 58.2% and 32.6%, pustules in 74.3% and 18.3% respectively. Side-effects (erythema, burning, pruritus, scaling and dryness of the skin) occurred in 203 patients (15.3%). Treatment was stopped in 25 subjects (1.9%) due to intolerance reactions. The results of the present study thus confirm the high efficacy and tolerability of the fixed combination observed previously in more selected patients. The fixed combination of tretinoin and erythromycin makes retinoic acid treatment possible even by a general practitioner.
Direct fabrication of enzyme-carrying polymer nanofibers by electrospinning (2005)

Nanofibers consisting of enzyme–polymer composites have been prepared by directly electrospinning a solution of surfactant-stabilized enzyme and polymer in toluene. Additional treatment with glutaraldehyde could greatly stabilize the enzyme activity of the fibers, which could be maintained in a buffer under shaking conditions for more than two weeks. The nanofibers also showed great improvement in the enzyme activity over bulk films as a result of increased mass-transfer for substrate molecules to and from the enzyme reactive sites. These stable and catalytically active nanofiber-based mats were highly durable and could be easily recovered from solution, making them ideal candidates for large scale applications.
Enhanced coupled, even mode terminated baluns and mixers constructed therefrom (2002)

A novel mixer circuit technology, based on what the author calls the planar balun, that is appropriate for microstrip or suspended-substrate mixer construction is introduced. The multilayer planar balun is an even-mode-terminated structure which provides coupling in which odd-mode impedance and velocity can be controlled without greatly affecting even-mode characteristics. The planar balun and mixer circuitry are described, and comparisons are made with other baluns. Wideband mixer performance and balun voltage distribution are shown. A planar balun mixer fabricated in a 0.25-in/sup 2/ surface mount package is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>