gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coordination of polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons to palladium. Syntheses, characterization, and molecular orbital study of Pd(.eta.3-phenalenyl)(acac) and [Pd(.eta.3-indenyl)Cl]2 (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoordination of polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons to palladium. Syntheses, characterization, and molecular orbital study of Pd(.eta.3-phenalenyl)(acac) and [Pd(.eta.3-indenyl)Cl]2Kazuhiro Nakasuji, Masakazu Yamaguchi, Ichiro Murata, Kazuyuki Tatsumi, and Akira NakamuraCite this: Organometallics 1984, 3, 8, 1257–1260Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00086a018https://doi.org/10.1021/om00086a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views195Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experience-Dependent Gene Expression in the Rat Hippocampus after Spatial Learning: A Comparison of the Immediate-Early Genes<i>Arc</i>, c-<i>fos</i>, and<i>zif268</i> (2001)

Neuronal immediate-early gene (IEG) expression is regulated by synaptic activity and plays an important role in the neuroplastic mechanisms critical to memory consolidation. IEGs can be divided into two functional classes: (1) regulatory transcription factors (RTFs), which can broadly influence cell function depending on the "downstream" genes they regulate, and (2) "effector" proteins, which may directly modulate specific cellular functions. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the expression of an effector IEG (Arc) was similar to, or different from, that of two well characterized RTF IEGs (c-fos and zif268) after learning. IEG RNA levels from rats trained in spatial and nonspatial water tasks were determined using RNase protection assays and in situ hybridization. Overall, the regulation of the three IEGs was similar in the hippocampus and the entorhinal and primary visual cortices. Consequently, IEG RNA levels were positively correlated within a structure. By contrast, Arc and zif268 RNA levels were not correlated or only weakly correlated across structures, although c-fos RNA levels were moderately correlated across structures. Arc RNA expression differed from that of zif268 and c-fos in two regards: (1) hippocampal Arc RNA levels were correlated with learning of the hippocampal-dependent spatial, but not hippocampal-independent cued response, water task, and (2) Arc RNA levels in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex increased after spatial reversal learning relative to an asymptotic performance group. Thus, although the expression of Arc, zif268, and c-fos exhibited many similarities, Arc was most responsive to differences in behavioral task demands.
Post-ranking query suggestion by diversifying search results (2011)

Query suggestion refers to the process of suggesting related queries to search engine users. Most existing researches have focused on improving the relevance of suggested queries. In this paper, we introduce the concept of diversifying the content of the search results from suggested queries while keeping the suggestion relevant. Our framework first retrieves a set of query candidates from search engine logs using random walk and other techniques. We then re-rank the suggested queries by ranking them in the order which maximizes the diversification function that measures the difference between the original search results and the results from suggested queries. The diversification function we proposed includes features like ODP category, URL and domain similarity and so on. One important outcome from our research which contradicts with most existing researches is that, with the increase of suggestion relevance, the similarity between the queries actually decreases. Experiments are conducted on a large set of human-labeled data, which is randomly sampled from a commercial search engine's log. Results indicate that the post-ranking framework significantly improves the relevance of suggested queries by comparing to existing models.
Residence Time Distribution in a Multistage Agitated Contactor with Newtonian Fluids:  CFD Prediction and Experimental Validation (2007)

Residence time distributions (RTDs) are investigated in a multistage agitated contactor (MAC) for Newtonian fluids. A suitable computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation strategy is presented in this work. The effects of operating conditions, reactor geometries, and a turbulent parameter for the RTD curves are discussed. The resulting mean residence times and variances via the CFD simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data. Various liquids are used to simulate the RTD under different flow conditions. The Reynolds number with respect to the impeller speed ranged from 2600 to 50 000. The simulation results show that a cascade of stirred tanks with a back flow (CTB) model is more suitable to describe the flow behavior in a MAC with few stages than an axial dispersion model.
Near-field Electrical Detection of Optical Plasmons and Single Plasmon Sources (2009)

Photonic circuits can be much faster than their electronic counterparts, but they are difficult to miniaturize below the optical wavelength scale. Nanoscale photonic circuits based on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are a promising solution to this problem because they can localize light below the diffraction limit. However, there is a general trade-off between the localization of an SPP and the efficiency with which it can be detected with conventional far-field optics. Here, we describe a new all-electrical SPP detection technique based on the near-field coupling between guided plasmons and a nanowire field-effect transistor. We use the technique to electrically detect the plasmon emission from an individual colloidal quantum dot coupled to an SPP waveguide. Our detectors are both nanoscale and highly efficient (0.1 electrons per plasmon), and a plasmonic gating effect can be used to amplify the signal even higher (up to 50 electrons per plasmon). These results may enable new on-chip optical sensing applications and are a key step towards 'dark' optoplasmonic nanocircuits in which SPPs can be generated, manipulated and detected without involving far-field radiation.
Energy positive domestic wastewater treatment: the roles of anaerobic and phototrophic technologies (2014)

The negative energy balance of wastewater treatment could be reversed if anaerobic technologies were implemented for organic carbon oxidation and phototrophic technologies were utilized for nutrient recovery. To characterize the potential for energy positive wastewater treatment by anaerobic and phototrophic biotechnologies we performed a comprehensive literature review and analysis, focusing on energy production (as kJ per capita per day and as kJ m(-3) of wastewater treated), energy consumption, and treatment efficacy. Anaerobic technologies included in this review were the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFB), upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR), microbial electrolysis cell (MEC), and microbial fuel cell (MFC). Phototrophic technologies included were the high rate algal pond (HRAP), photobioreactor (PBR), stirred tank reactor, waste stabilization pond (WSP), and algal turf scrubber (ATS). Average energy recovery efficiencies for anaerobic technologies ranged from 1.6% (MFC) to 47.5% (ABR). When including typical percent chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals by each technology, this range would equate to roughly 40-1200 kJ per capita per day or 110-3300 kJ m(-3) of treated wastewater. The average bioenergy feedstock production by phototrophic technologies ranged from 1200-4700 kJ per capita per day or 3400-13 000 kJ m(-3) (exceeding anaerobic technologies and, at times, the energetic content of the influent organic carbon), with usable energy production dependent upon downstream conversion to fuels. Energy consumption analysis showed that energy positive anaerobic wastewater treatment by emerging technologies would require significant reductions of parasitic losses from mechanical mixing and gas sparging. Technology targets and critical barriers for energy-producing technologies are identified, and the role of integrated anaerobic and phototrophic bioprocesses in energy positive wastewater management is discussed.
Cross-Feeding of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Mutants Defective in the Biosynthesis of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (1973)

Mutants of Escherichia coli defective in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) are able to grow in a Casamino Acids medium lacking NAD and its immediate precursors, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide. This property has allowed the development of a system to measure cross-feeding between a nadA and a nadB mutant. This system provides a means of isolating the intermediate, prequinolinic acid, as well as a biological assay for the compound. The nadB mutant feeds the nadA mutant, indicating that the nadA enzyme occurs first in the pathway and the nadB enzyme second. No cross-feeding was detected between nadA and nadC or between nadB and nadC.
A Linear Observed Time Statistical Parser Based on Maximum Entropy Models (1997)

This paper presents a statistical parser for natural language that obtains a parsing accuracy---roughly 87% precision and 86% recall---which surpasses the best previously published results on the Wall St. Journal domain. The parser itself requires very little human intervention, since the information it uses to make parsing decisions is specified in a concise and simple manner, and is combined in a fully automatic way under the maximum entropy framework. The observed running time of the parser on a test sentence is linear with respect to the sentence length. Furthermore, the parser returns several scored parses for a sentence, and this paper shows that a scheme to pick the best parse from the 20 highest scoring parses could yield a dramatically higher accuracy of 93% precision and recall.
Nucleic Acid Related Compounds. 80. Synthesis of 5'-S-(Alkyl and aryl)-5'-fluoro-5'-thioadenosines with Xenon Difluoride or (Diethylamido)sulfur Trifluoride, Hydrolysis in Aqueous Buffer, and Inhibition of S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by derived "Adenosine 5'-Aldehyde" Species (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleic Acid Related Compounds. 80. Synthesis of 5'-S-(Alkyl and aryl)-5'-fluoro-5'-thioadenosines with Xenon Difluoride or (Diethylamido)sulfur Trifluoride, Hydrolysis in Aqueous Buffer, and Inhibition of S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase by derived "Adenosine 5'-Aldehyde" SpeciesMorris J. Robins, Stanislaw F. Wnuk, Khairuzzaman B. Mullah, N. Kent Dalley, Chong-Sheng Yuan, Younha Lee, and Ronald T. BorchardtCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59, 3, 544–555Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00082a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00082a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views272Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Canopy biochemistry estimation using spectrodirectional CHRIS data (2006)

Sun and sensor geometry cause spectrodirectional effects in remotely sensed reflectance data which can influence the estimation of biophysical and biochemical variables. Previous studies indicated that vegetation indices can be strongly influenced by such effects and thus impact the results. This study examined the uncertainty induced by changing view angles on statistical methods used for nitrogen concentration (CN) estimation. We analyzed data of the spaceborne ESA-mission CHRIS (Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) on-board PROBA-1, which provides hyperspectral and multi-angular data with a spatial resolution of 17 m. The images were acquired in June 2005 over a test site in Switzerland and subsequently preprocessed. Linear regression models (LM’s) were developed between laboratory-measured CN, reflectance and transformed reflectance (continuum-removed and normalized), respectively, using a subset selection algorithm. For each CHRIS observation angle a particular LM was built. All LM’s were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation with random splitting order of the data. By considering the adjusted R2 (adj.-R2), the root mean square error (RMSE) and percent error (% error), the LM’s were finally compared. Best CN predictions were achieved with models calibrated on nadir data with R2 of 0.63 and 0.59 using the reflectance and transformed reflectance, respectively. Generally, better LM’s were attained with nadir and -36° data than with +36° data (forward scatter direction), for both, reflectance and transformed reflectance. Applying nadircalibrated LM’s to off-nadir data was not successful to estimate CN. The results suggest that the CHRIS/PROBA mission provides useful data for biochemistry estimation. Caution is required when applying statistical methods developed on nadir data to data with directional effects.
Assessment of normal and mutant human presenilin function in  <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (1996)

We provide evidence that normal human presenilins can substitute for Caenorhabditis elegans SEL-12 protein in functional assays in vivo. In addition, six familial Alzheimer disease-linked mutant human presenilins were tested and found to have reduced ability to rescue the sel-12 mutant phenotype, suggesting that they have lower than normal presenilin activity. A human presenilin 1 deletion variant that fails to be proteolytically processed and a mutant SEL-12 protein that lacks the C terminus display considerable activity in this assay, suggesting that neither presenilin proteolysis nor the C terminus is absolutely required for normal presenilin function. We also show that sel-12 is expressed in most neural and nonneural cell types in all developmental stages. The reduced activity of mutant presenilins and as yet unknown gain-of-function properties may be a contributing factor in the development of Alzheimer disease.
Ground‐Water Recharge from Rectangular Areas (1981)

ABSTRACT The formation of ground‐water mounds in response to recharge from ponds has been described earlier by equations that have been developed for infinite aquifers. In this paper, an equation for the formation of ground‐water mounds on recharge from a rectangular area to a finite aquifer was derived. The validity of the equation was tested by comparison with field data of recharge from square ponds. The solution derived here appears to describe the actual field response of water table to recharge better than the equation derived for infinite aquifers.
Corrugated Wall Jet Impingement Geometry for Combustor Liner Backside Cooling (2006)

The present study investigates alternative jet impingement geometries aimed at the reduction of detrimental crossflow effects for use in combustor liner backside cooling. Through the use of a corrugated wall design, the spent air of upstream jets is routed past downstream jets with minimal interference. Three configurations of the design are studied. First, the jet spacing is held constant, and the design of the corrugations is changed for sparse arrays. The second part of the study studied the effects of the corrugated wall on dense arrays. The average jet Reynolds number, Red, is varied and tested for 20000, 40000, and 60000. Local Nusselt number distributions were evaluated using a transient liquid crystal technique. The results show that the corrugated wall design can significantly reduce the negative effects of crossflow especially at higher jet Reynolds numbers. Further, the design of the corrugations has a substantial impact on the performance of the geometry. The corrugated wall geometries with smaller bypass channels outperformed the geometries tested with larger channels. The use of corrugated jet impingement configurations would allow larger jet impingement arrays without sacrificing heat transfer effectiveness.
Pseudomagnetic Fields and Ballistic Transport in a Suspended Graphene Sheet (2008)

We study a suspended graphene sheet subject to the electric field of a gate underneath. We compute the elastic deformation of the sheet and the corresponding effective gauge field, which modifies the electronic transport. In a clean system the two-terminal conductance of the sample is reduced below the ballistic limit and is almost totally suppressed at low carrier concentrations in samples under tension. Residual disorder restores a small finite conductivity.
Improved quality video coding for CBR transmission: bit production control and pre-analysis (2002)

This work presents an MPEG-compatible coding method designed for the production of visual information. Constant Bit Rate transmission is imposed. Some buffer control strategies, well suited for CBR and adapted to the specific applications are presented. In distributive applications, the edition is supposed to be off-line. This is exploited by performing a pre-analysis, detecting for instance the scene cuts or others characteristics to be taken into account when coding. The results show that the tradeoff between quality and CBR is good, compared with Test Models, for the specific application.
Evaluation of Selected Operational Parameters for the Decolorization of Dye-Finishing Wastewater Using UV/Ozone (2004)

ABSTRACT To meet the effluent true color regulation of 550 ADMI (American Dye Manufacturers Institute) units in Taiwan, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is currently added to bio- or chemical-treated wastewater for decolorization. This study examined some operating parameters for treating effluent from the biological and chemical coagulation units of a dye-finishing wastewater treatment plant using an ultraviolet (UV)/ ozone technique to achieve effluent regulation of 550 ADMI. Experimental results reveal that effluent ADMI values could be reduced from approximately 4,000 to 200 ADMI in an hour using the UV/ozone technique. The findings of this investigation also indicate that the proposed UV/ozone treatment scheme has potential for development into an environmentally friendly decolorization approach for dye-finishing wastewater treatment.
Stimulation of cytochrome P-450 synthesis in sliced sweet potato root tissue by chemicals applied to surface. (1985)

Root tissue of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lamcv.
Atmospheric Tomography: A Bayesian Inversion Technique for Determining the Rate and Location of Fugitive Emissions (2011)

A Bayesian inversion technique to determine the location and strength of trace gas emissions from a point source in open air is presented. It was tested using atmospheric measurements of N(2)O and CO(2) released at known rates from a source located within an array of eight evenly spaced sampling points on a 20-m radius circle. The analysis requires knowledge of concentration enhancement downwind of the source and the normalized, three-dimensional distribution (shape) of concentration in the dispersion plume. The influence of varying background concentrations of ∼1% for N(2)O and ∼10% for CO(2) was removed by subtracting upwind concentrations from those downwind of the source to yield only concentration enhancements. Continuous measurements of turbulent wind and temperature statistics were used to model the dispersion plume. The analysis localized the source to within 0.8 m of the true position and the emission rates were determined to better than 3% accuracy. This technique will be useful in assurance monitoring for geological storage of CO(2) and for applications requiring knowledge of the location and rate of fugitive emissions.
International textile and clothing research register (2004)

Examines the tenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.
Concise Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [12]Cycloparaphenylene (2011)

Crystal clear: The title macrocycle was constructed by a nickel-mediated shotgun macrocyclization. The X-ray crystallographic structure of [12]CPP revealed a circular structure incorporating two cyclohexane molecules within the ring. The [12]CPP molecules were also found to crystallize into tubular and herringbone structures.
Cell cycle regulation of<i>cdc25C</i>transcription is mediated by the periodic repression of the glutamine-rich activators NF-Y and Sp1 (1995)

The late S/G2-specific transcription of the human cdc25C gene is dependent on an initiator-proximal repressor element (CDE) and an upstream activating sequence (UAS) of undefined nature. We now show that these upstream sequences harbour multiple in vivo protein binding sites that interact with transcriptional activators and form separable, context-independent functional modules. Major components of the UAS are a bona fide Sp1 site and three direct sequence repeats (Yc-boxes). The Yc-boxes interact with the CCAAT-box binding protein NF-Y and are critically dependent on synergistic interactions for efficient transcription activation. The NF-Y complexes, as well as Sp1, are constitutive activators, whose activation function is periodically repressed through the CDE. These observations indicate that the cell cycle regulation of cdc25C transcription is mainly due to the CDE-mediated repression of glutamine-rich activators.