gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Coordinated transportation of a single object by multiple mobile robots without position information of each robot (2002)

We propose a decentralized control algorithm of multiple mobile robots transporting a single object in coordination. In this algorithm, each robot is controlled as if it has a caster-like mechanism and transportation of a single object by multiple mobile robots is realized without using the geometric relations among robots. The proposed control algorithm is experimentally applied to two mobile robots. Experimental results illustrate the validity of the proposed control algorithm.
Electrospun PEDOT:PSS–PVA nanofiber based ultrahigh-strain sensors with controllable electrical conductivity (2011)

A novel strain sensor based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate)–polyvinyl alcohol (PEDOT:PSS–PVA) nanofibers has been fabricated on Kapton substrate by electrospinning, and fully packaged by encapsulating with a polydimethylsioxane layer. Via controlling the concentration of the additive dimethylsulfoxide, the electrical conductivity of the as-spun PEDOT:PSS–PVA nanofiber network can be tuned over a wide rang from 4.8 × 10−8 to 1.7 × 10−5 S cm−1. This kind of strain sensor has excellent stability, fast response, and a high gauge factor of up to about 396. In the meantime, the device could be driven by solar cells, and could detect tiny and quick human actions, for example bending of a finger.
Solution Processed Vanadium Pentoxide as Charge Extraction Layer for Organic Solar Cells (2011)

Solution processed V2O5 films prepared via a sol-gel technique are used to replace PEDOT:PSS as hole extraction interlayers in polymer:fullerene solar cells. A high work function of 5.6 eV is found for the V2O5 layers without any post-processing (annealing or plasma treatment). A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3%, comparable to reference devices using PEDOT:PSS is verified. Concomitantly, a substantial improvement in device stability is demonstrated.
Operating system/application concurrency in tightly-coupled multiple-processor systems (1987)

Operating system processing often accounts for 30% or more of a system's total computation time. Special hardware support for OS functions can significantly improve the OS and overall system performance. A common hardware support technique is to add specialized processors to a computer system. However, previous studies have not attempted to separate the benefits of the resulting OS/application concurrency from the effects of faster, specialized hardware. To test the hypothesis that significant performance improvements can be achieved through concurrency alone, our studies focus on software-level functional specialization (SLFS), wherein general purpose processors are added to a host computer system to support OS processing concurrently with host application processing. The potential benefits of SLFS over specialized hardware include reduced development costs, increased flexibility, and increased reliability through function migration.
This thesis first presents a model that defines OS/application concurrency precisely, and enumerates the three main forms such concurrency can take: strong, weak, and global management. Each form of concurrency is the subject of a separate experimental case study, conducted on a VAX-11/784 shared-memory multiprocessor, using the Mach operating system. The first study involves an IPC processor that can significantly improve the performance of communicating processes by exploiting strong concurrency. The second study looks at the scheduling of OS processing on a multiprocessor system, and shows how performance can be improved through policies that emphasize weak concurrency. The final study is an example of global management concurrency, in which the overhead of a complex real-time scheduling policy is significantly reduced by means of a dedicated scheduling processor. The use of carefully designed measurement tools and techniques makes the experimental results highly reliable.
A major contribution of this work is that it distinguishes the benefits resulting solely from concurrency, and identifies the situations in which specialized hardware support is needed to achieve further improvements. Using these results, along with the cost estimates for alternative implementations, system designers can make more informed cost/performance tradeoff decisions. Consequently, this thesis contributes toward the development of a more soundly based hardware support design methodology.
Speeding up N‐body Calculations on Machines without Hardware Square Root (1992)

The most time consuming part of an N‐body simulation is computing the components of the accelerations of the particles. On most machines the slowest part of computing the acceleration is in evaluating r -3/2 , which is especially true on machines that do the square root in software. This note shows how to cut the time for this part of the calculation by a factor of 3 or more using standard Fortran.
Design and implementation of a real-time lossless dynamic electronic load simulator (2002)

In this paper, the construction of a new power electronics instrument, dynamic electronic load simulator (DELS), is presented. A high-performance full-bridge power amplifier with two-stage output filter and 50 kHz switching frequency is designed for high bandwidth current loop requirement. The control of the proposed DELS mainly consists of an inner current controller and an outer load-model controller (LMC). Through the simulation and experiments, it is verified that the proposed DELS can replace a lot of RLC power components, exhibit the load behavior approximately and save a large amount of energy during burn-in test.
Proteasome activity is required for the stage-specific transformation of a protozoan parasite. (1996)

A prominent feature of the life cycle of intracellular parasites is the profound morphological changes they undergo during development in the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. In eukaryotic cells, most cytoplasmic proteins are degraded in proteasomes. Here, we show that the transformation in axenic medium of trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi into amastigote-like organisms, and the intracellular development of the parasite from amastigotes into trypomastigotes, are prevented by lactacystin, or by a peptide aldehyde that inhibits proteasome function. Clasto-lactacystin, an inactive analogue of lactacystin, and cell-permeant peptide aldehyde inhibitors of T. cruzi cysteine proteinases have no effect. We have also identified the 20S proteasomes from T. cruzi as a target of lactacystin in vivo. Our results document the essential role of proteasomes in the stage-specific transformation of a protozoan.
A Novel Algorithm for Nesting of 3-Dimensional Parts (2009)

The nesting of 3-dimensional parts problem is important for practical applications. In the field of VLSI design, the nesting of 3-dimensional parts problem arises from both the packing of the 3-D integrated circuits and the task schedule of FPGA design. In this paper, we propose a novel floor plan representation, named 3-Dimensional Corner Layout List to encode the topology of the 3-D nesting. Based on triple string, we can represent general nesting including slicing and nonslicing. Our algorithm is very effective that the transformation from 3D layout list to the real nesting need only linear time computation effort. Based on simulated annealing algorithm, we can optimize the 3D nesting effectively. Experimental results show that our algorithm is effective and efficient.
Facial Motion Prior Networks for Facial Expression Recognition (2019)

Deep learning based facial expression recognition (FER) has received a lot of attention in the past few years. Most of the existing deep learning based FER methods do not consider domain knowledge well, which thereby fail to extract representative features. In this work, we propose a novel FER framework, named Facial Motion Prior Networks (FMPN). Particularly, we introduce an addition branch to generate a facial mask so as to focus on facial muscle moving regions. To guide the facial mask learning, we propose to incorporate prior domain knowledge by using the average differences between neutral faces and the corresponding expressive faces as the training guidance. Extensive experiments on three facial expression benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.
Initial Access & Beam Alignment for mmWave and Terahertz Communications (2022)

The initial access in Millimeter wave (mmWave) 5G communications is very challenging and time consuming. In general, mmWave and terahertz communications require the use of directional antennas to seek narrow beams. However, due to this directionality, many issues can impact the beam alignment between transmitter and receiver. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of beam alignment and initial access in mmWave and terahertz 5G/6G systems. First, we present a detailed overview of initial access methods, techniques, and beam management procedures. Then, we classify recent works related to beam alignment based on their objective functions (i.e., latency, power allocation, QoS, energy consumption, cost). We also highlight the beam alignment in terahertz 6G, where we find that deep learning and reconfigurable intelligent surface are the two protagonists that help to achieve fast beam alignment.
The capture and recreation of 3d auditory scenes (2005)

The main goal of this research is to develop the theory and implement practical tools (in both software and hardware) for the capture and recreation of 3D auditory scenes. Our research is expected to have applications in virtual reality, telepresence, film, music, video games, auditory user interfaces, and sound-based surveillance. The first part of our research is concerned with sound capture via a spherical microphone array. The advantage of this array is that it can be steered into any 3D directions digitally with the same beampattern. We develop design methodologies to achieve flexible microphone layouts, optimal beampattern approximation and robustness constraint. We also design novel hemispherical and circular microphone array layouts for more spatially constrained auditory scenes. Using the captured audio, we then propose a unified and simple approach for recreating them by exploring the reciprocity principle that is satisfied between the two processes. Our approach makes the system easy to build, and practical. Using this approach, we can capture the 3D sound field by a spherical microphone array and recreate it using a spherical loudspeaker array, and ensure that the recreated sound field matches the recorded field up to a high order of spherical harmonics. For some regular or semi-regular microphone layouts, we design an efficient parallel implementation of the multi-directional spherical beamformer by using the rotational symmetries of the beampattern and of the spherical microphone array. This can be implemented in either software or hardware and easily adapted for other regular or semi-regular layouts of microphones. In addition, we extend this approach for headphone-based system. Design examples and simulation results are presented to verify our algorithms. Prototypes are built and tested in real-world auditory scenes.
Legionnaires' disease associated with acute renal failure: a report of two cases and review of the literature. (1985)

Renal involvement is a well described complication of Legionnaires' disease and is often manifested as mild, transient azotemia, hematuria, proteinuria, pyuria or cylinduria. Acute renal failure complicating Legionnaires' disease has also been described, and some patients have required hemodialysis. Renal morphology has only been described in a few cases. We report two cases of Legionnaires' disease who developed acute renal failure. The serotype of the Legionella pneumophilia isolated from one of the patients had never been isolated from humans before. This patient expired and at autopsy the kidney revealed acute tubular necrosis, but there was no evidence for interstitial or glomerular disease. Renal morphology in six previously reported cases revealed acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in three cases and acute tubular necrosis in the other three. We conclude that acute renal failure may accompany severe Legionnaires' disease, and the development of the renal failure is not related to hemodynamic factors, while nephrotoxic antibiotics may be a contributing factor.
Biologic Characteristics of Interval and Screen-Detected Breast Cancers (2000)

Rapidly growing and aggressive tumors account for a substantial proportion of mammographic failure to detect breast cancer, especially among younger women, who have a high proportion of aggressive cancers.
The Radiochemistry of Copper (1961)

A review on the radiochemistry of Cu is presented which includes the nuclear and chemical features of particular interest to the radiochemist. A discussion of sample dissolution aspects and counting techniques is also included along with a collection of radiochemical procedures for the element.
Electron microscopy may reveal structure of docosahexaenoic acid‐rich oil within <i>Schizochytrium</i> sp (2000)

Schizochytrium sp. is an algae-like microorganism utilized for commercial production of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich oil and dried microalgae for use as a source of DHA in foods, feeds, and nutritional supplements. Electron microscopic analysis of whole cells of Schizochytrium sp. employing sample preparation by high-pressure freeze substitution suggests the presence of secondary and tertiary semicrystalline structures of triacylglycerols within the oil bodies in Schizochytrium sp. A fine secondary structure consisting of alternating light- and dark-staining bands was observed inside the oil bodies. Dark bands were 29 +/- 1 A in width, and light bands were 22 +/- 1 A in width. The tertiary (three-dimensional) structure may be a multilayered ribbon-like structure which appears coiled and interlaced within the oil body. In freeze-fracture photomicrographs, Schizochytrium oil bodies exhibited fracture planes with terraces averaging 52 +/- 7 A in height which could correspond to the combined width of two halves of two light bands and one dark band observed in the high-pressure freeze substitution photomicrographs. The results suggest that triacylglycerols within Schizochytrium sp. oil bodies may be organized in a triple chain-length structure. High-pressure freeze substitution electron micrographs of two other highly unsaturated oil-producing species of microalgae, Thraustochytrium sp. and Isochrysis galbana, also revealed this fine structure, whereas microalgae containing a higher proportion of saturated oil did not. The results suggest that the staining pattern is not an artifact of preparation and that the triple chain-length conformation of triacylglycerols in Schizochytrium sp. oil bodies may be caused by the unique fatty acid composition of the triacylglycerols.
Picosecond hot electron light emission from submicron complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor circuits (1997)

Optical emission consisting of pulses with temporal widths of less than 270 ps has been detected from fully functional silicon integrated circuits fabricated using submicron complementary metal– oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) logic gates. Emission is observed under normal bias conditions and occurs when the gates are switching. The emission arises from the hot electron populations created by the transient current pulses present in the transistors during switching. The speed and spectral characteristics of the emission suggest future applications in the measurement of timing in high speed CMOS circuits.
Microduplication of Xp11.23p11.3 with effects on cognition, behavior, and craniofacial development (2010)

We report an ~1.3 Mb tandem duplication at Xp11.23p11.3 in an 11-year-old boy with pleasant personality, hyperactivity, learning and visual-spatial difficulties, relative microcephaly, long face, stellate iris pattern, and periorbital fullness. This clinical presentation is milder and distinct from that of patients with partially overlapping Xp11.22p11.23 duplications which have been described in males and females with intellectual disability, language delay, autistic behaviors, and seizures. The duplicated region harbors three known X-linked mental retardation genes: FTSJ1, ZNF81, and SYN1. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction from whole blood total RNA showed increased expression of three genes located in the duplicated region: EBP, WDR13, and ZNF81. Thus, over-expression of genes in the interval may contribute to the observed phenotype. Many of the features seen in this patient are present in individuals with Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS). Interestingly, the SYN1 gene within the duplicated interval, as well as the STX1A gene, within the WBS critical region, co-localize to presynaptic active zones, and play important roles in neurotransmitter release.
Heterogeneity in Mobile Cloud Computing: Taxonomy and Open Challenges (2013)

The unabated flurry of research activities to augment various mobile devices by leveraging heterogeneous cloud resources has created a new research domain called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). In the core of such a non-uniform environment, facilitating interoperability, portability, and integration among heterogeneous platforms is nontrivial. Building such facilitators in MCC requires investigations to understand heterogeneity and its challenges over the roots. Although there are many research studies in mobile computing and cloud computing, convergence of these two areas grants further academic efforts towards flourishing MCC. In this paper, we define MCC, explain its major challenges, discuss heterogeneity in convergent computing (i.e. mobile computing and cloud computing) and networking (wired and wireless networks), and divide it into two dimensions, namely vertical and horizontal. Heterogeneity roots are analyzed and taxonomized as hardware, platform, feature, API, and network. Multidimensional heterogeneity in MCC results in application and code fragmentation problems that impede development of cross-platform mobile applications which is mathematically described. The impacts of heterogeneity in MCC are investigated, related opportunities and challenges are identified, and predominant heterogeneity handling approaches like virtualization, middleware, and service oriented architecture (SOA) are discussed. We outline open issues that help in identifying new research directions in MCC.
Design Considerations for Long Endurance Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (2009)

The arena of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has for many years been dominated by the defence industries. The reason for this can be attributed to the complexity and cost of designing, constructing and operating of these vehicles. An additional contributing factor is the legislative issues around operating an unmanned aircraft in civilian airspace. However in resent years advances in micro-electronics especially Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and advanced composite manufacturing techniques have placed the design and construction of UAVs in the domain of the commercial civilian users. A number of commercial UAV applications have emerged where the legislative requirements for operating of a UAV in segregated airspace can be met. UAVs are extremely well suited for the dull, dirty and dangerous tasks encountered in performing surveying and surveillance applications. For these tasks the primary design considerations in the design of the UAV would be the propulsion system, the guidance and control system and the payload system.
An integrated optical interference cancellation system (2014)

We present the design and simulation results for a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) that performs in-channel and broadband radio-frequency self-interference cancellation. The PIC removes interference by modeling channel effects and inverting a known interferer prior to combining it with the corrupted signal. We present key simulation results showing that the PIC can cancel extremely wideband interferers by ~20 dB. The PIC performance can be improved by reducing signal attenuation and nonlinearities. We plan to fabricate the PIC on a hybrid silicon-on-insulator III-V evanescent photonic platform.
Foam Control Using a Foaming Agent Spray:  A Novel Concept for Flotation Deinking of Waste Paper (2003)

This study demonstrated the foaming agent spray concept to achieve separate control of the application of deinking chemicals, i.e., foaming agent and collector, in flotation deinking of waste paper. Batch flotation experiments were conducted using two commercial cells, i.e., Voith Sulzer flotation cells with 18-L capacity (E-18) and 250-L capacity (E-250), to deink old newsprint paper (ONP) and a mixture of ONP with old magazine paper (OMG), respectively. It was found from this study that the deinking efficiency could be significantly improved and fiber loss could be reduced if the foam in the flotation cell was suppressed by adding a defoamer and then regenerated at the top layer of the flotation pulp suspension using a foaming agent spray technique from the top of the flotation cell. Compared to a conventional flotation process, the new process reduced the fiber loss during the flotation by about 50% with the same brightness gain (around 9) for deinking ONP and a mixture of ONP and OMG. Successful demonstration of scale-up of the frothing agent spray concept in the laboratory was observed in deinking a mixture of ONP and OMG using both the E-18 and E-250 cells.
Stability of Reacted Chemstrip bG (1988)

Reacted Chemstrip bG glucose reagent strips have been reported to retain their color changes for up to 7 days. Thus, patients could theoretically measure their blood glucose and mail their reacted test strips to their physicians for reanalysis. To test the stability of reacted Chemstrip bG blood glucose measurements, 268 Chemstrip bG test strips were reacted with blood obtained from 67 insulin-dependent diabetic patients, stored in desiccator vials, and read daily for 5 consecutive days with an Accu-Chek II blood glucose meter. Although Chemstrip bG blood glucose values significantly correlated with initial reference Beckman glucose analyzer glucose determinations for all 5 days, a steady significant decay in blood glucose readings over time was observed, and clinically accurate strip readings declined from 94% to 68%. Because this decay appeared consistent, correction factors were calculated with regression analyses. The correction factor for day 5 Accu-Chek II readings reduced measurement error by 77%. When applied to a different validation sample, this correction factor decreased day 5 error by 73%. Hence, it seems that correction factors may be applied to delayed readings of Chemstrips obtained with Accu-Chek II that would correct for the observed reduction in blood glucose readings. From these results, we conclude that delayed readings of Chemstrip bG test strips with the Accu-Chek II are not sufficiently accurate for clinical decision making or research purposes unless mathematically corrected.