gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Methodology Review: Evaluating Person Fit (2001)

Person-fit methods based on classical test theory-and item response theory (IRT), and methods investigating particular types of response behavior on tests, are examined. Similarities and differences among person-fit methods and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Sound person-fit methods have been derived for the Rasch model. For other IRT models, the empirical and theoretical distributions differ for most person-fit statistics when used with short and moderate length tests. The detection rate of person-fit statistics depends on the type of misfitting item-score patterns, test length, and trait levels. The usefulness of person-fit statistics for improving measurement depends on the application.
Projected Future Distributions of Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in North America under Climate Change Scenarios (2014)

The results of this study provide baseline information for monitoring the northward shift of potential risk from Chagas disease in the face of climate change.
SLC/Exodus2/6Ckine/TCA4 induces chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells: differential activity of ligands of CCR7, CXCR3, or CXCR4 in chemotaxis vs. suppression of progenitor proliferation (1999)

Chemokines induce chemotaxis of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), and suppress their proliferation. In this study we report that SLC/ Exodus2/6Ckine/TCA4 (hereafter termed SLC) is a chemoattractant for human CD34+ HPC. SLC mainly induces preferential chemotaxis of macrophage progenitors. We examined the chemotactic activity of CXCR3 ligands on CD34+ HPC because it has been reported that SLC is a potential ligand of CXC chemokine receptor, CXCR3, in addition to a CC chemokine receptor, CCR7. It was found that the CXCR3 ligands, MIG and interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), unlike SLC, did not induce chemotaxis of CD34+ HPC. In this regard, CCR7 ligands (SLC and CKbeta-11), but not IP-10 and MIG, induce actin polymerization in CD34+ cells. On the other hand, CCR7 ligands and CXCR3 ligands, but not the CXCR4 ligand SDF-1, showed inhibitory activity for proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. Our results suggest that SLC is a potential trafficking factor for HPC, and that chemokines that bind CCR7, CXCR4, and CXCR3 have differential biological activities on HPC in terms of suppression and chemotaxis.
Immunoprecipitation of herpes simplex virus polypeptides with human sera is related to their ELISA titre. (1991)

Out of 485 human sera tested by neutralization and enzyme immunoassay 13 were negative in both tests, while a positive correlation was found in 457 samples (94.3%). The rest of sera (3.2%) showed discordant results. Selected sera were examined, in addition, by Western blot and immunoprecipitation assays with the aim to analyse the precipitation profile of discordant sera and correlate the ELISA titre with the precipitation profiles. High titre sera precipitated the main glycoproteins (gC, gB, gE, gD), the capsid polypeptides (VP 5, VP 19, VP 21, VP 22) and several other structural and nonstructural proteins. The ability of sera to precipitate viral structural proteins was related to their ELISA titre rather than to their neutralizing activity.
Speech and data communications over 942 MHz TAB and TTIB single sideband mobile radio systems incorporating feed-forward signal regeneration (1985)

The transmission of speech and data over 942 MHz pilot tone single sideband (SSB) mobile radio links is the main concern of this paper. It has been found that the use of feedforward signal regeneration enables a speech quality to be obtained in the Rayleigh fading environment which is superior to that achieved by a 25 kHz Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) type FM system and markedly superior to that obtained with a 12.5 kHz FM system. A new optimized form of SSB, phase-locked transparent tone-in-band (TTIB), is shown to be capable of achieving coherent data transmission such as M-ary phase shift keying (PSK) in the presence of Rayleigh fading without the usual "high-level" irreducible error rates. The signal processing described has wide application from line to satellite communications.
A Time-based All-Digital Analog to Digital converter for IOT Applications (2019)

A fully digital analog to digital converter (FD-ADC) using the concept of time-based ADC is presented in this work. All-digital ADCs have potential use in very low power ICs especially for IOT applications and can be implemented in digital CMOS technology. They benefit from scaling by using only digital gates. A novel voltage-to-time converter (VTC) with high linearity transforms the input sampled analog signal into pulses with different delays depending on the voltage level of the input signal and a time-to-digital (TDC) block converts the pulse width into digital codes.
Negotiating the Evolution of the Hr Function: Practical Advice From the Health Care Sector (1996)

This paper has two aims. First, to consider explanations for the apparent gap between the paradigm of strategic human resource management on the one hand and actual HR practice on the other. Second, to generate practical advice for senior HR specialists who are aspriring to develop a strategic role for their function. the research underpinning these findings was based on case studies in three hospitals in Adelaide and a comparison of the findings with the situation at Leicester General NHS Trust where the first named author of this article was the HR director and a senior board member. the analysis reveals that specific features of each organisation's history, current structure and management, shape powerfully the nature of the HR function. Moreover, the local shaping factors define the degrees of freedom open to the HR function, so much so, that the notion that it can choose its organisational stance is here challenged.
The Multiple Path Problem in Database Schemata. (1979)

Certain database query systems, especially those that interpret natural language, do not require the user to have comprehensive knowledge of the database schema in order to form a meaningful query. Instead, the query is used to reference entities in the database schema and a path is automatically found through the schema which connects those entities. In this paper, we will classify those schemata in which all paths are equivalent, and then derive a method of marking a schema in order to determine the natural paths between two entities when different paths give rise to different results. (Author)
High tuning coefficient whispering gallery modes in a sapphire dielectric resonator transducer (2002)

A sapphire dielectric resonator transducer utilizes high tuning coefficient whispering gallery modes in a double disk resonator. The high tuning coefficients and high Q-factors of the whispering gallery modes allow the transducer to achieve very high sensitivity for displacement measurements. In this report, we present an improved mode matching method which can determine the resonant frequencies of the whispering gallery modes in double cylindrical dielectric disk resonators with high accuracy. Two double sapphire disk resonators with different dimensions have been tested to verify the theory. The comparison of the theoretical and experimental results is described. The frequency tuning behaviour of the whispering gallery modes is investigated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Effect of oxygen deprivation on the development of osteodystrophy caused by the load deficit]. (2003)

The subject of the study was influence of gas mixture (GGS) with low Po2 on biomechanical properties of femoral and tibial bones in rats after hind-limb unloading. Experiments were performed in two different age groups (three month and six month) rats. It is shown that biomechanical properties of bone tissue in young rats, inhaling atmosferic air, under the influence of 28 days hind-limb unloading deteriorate essentially in comparison with adult rats. The biomechanical indexes of femoral and tibial bones in three month age rats close to control value after periodical inhaling of GGS. In six month age rats normalizing action of low Po2 not so essential. Thus bone tissue of young rats is more sensitive to different pathogenetic action than in adult rats. Such difference may be connected with retard of remodelation of bone tissue in adult rats.
Self‐assembled honeycomb polyurethane nanofibers (2006)

Abstract Electrospinning uses a high voltage electric field to produce fine fibers. A new phenomenon of self‐assembly in the electrospinning of polyurethane nanofibers is observed. This report is the first known self‐assembling phenomenon in polyurethane electrospun nanofibers. Electrospun polyurethane nanofibers self‐assemble into unique honeycomb patterns on the collector surface. This novel observation opens up new and interesting opportunities for electrospun fibers in the areas of drug delivery devices, protective clothing, filters, and tissue scaffolds. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 3121–3124, 2006
Neuroregeneration in Composite Tissue Allografts: Effect of Low-Dose FK506 and Mycophenolate Mofetil Immunotherapy (2006)

The authors conclude that long-term neuroregeneration of revascularized peripheral nerves using low-dose FK506/mycophenolate mofetil was similar to that of syngeneic transplants. The occurrence of acute rejection episodes with low-dose FK506/mycophenolate mofetil did not appear to benefit nor impair neuroregeneration.
Radiofrequency‐Based Plasma Microtenotomy Compared With Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression Yields Equivalent Outcomes for Rotator Cuff Tendinosis (2007)

Level I, therapeutic randomized controlled study.
A method for developing dimensional data marts (2003)

Decision-oriented dimensional data marts are fundamentally different than transaction-oriented relational databases. A distinctive methodology and a different set of tools are required for their effective development.
Prevention of the Adverse Photic Effects of Peripheral Light-Focusing Using UV-Blocking Contact Lenses (2003)

purpose. Peripheral light-focusing (PLF) is an occult form of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) hazardous to the human eye. In PLF, obliquely incident light is refracted from the peripheral cornea to concentrated sites inside the anterior segment. In the current study, the directionality of this phenomenon for UVR and whether PLF is established in outdoor settings exposed to sunlight were investigated. The protection provided by a UV-blocking contact lens was also evaluated. methods. UVA and UVB sensors were placed on the nasal limbus of an anatomically based model eye. The temporal limbus was exposed to a UV light source placed at various angles behind the frontal plane. PLF was quantified with the sensor output. The ensemble was mounted in the orbit of a mannequin head and exposed to sunlight in three insolation environments within the region of Sydney, Australia. PLF for UVA and UVB was determined with no eyewear or with sunglasses and commercially available soft contact lenses, with and without UV-blocking capability. results. The intensity of UVA peaked at approximately 120° incidence, the level at which the UVB response was also at its maximum. The intensification of UVA was up to ×18.3. The intensity of PLF for UVA and UVB was reduced by an order of magnitude by a UV-blocking contact lens, whereas a clear contact lenses had a much lesser effect. Only the UV-blocking contact lens achieved a significant effect on UVA and UVB irradiance in the urban, beach, and mountain locales (P < 0.056). conclusions. The results identify another type of sunlight hazard: the peripheral focusing of obliquely incident light. UVR from albedo (reflected ambient light) is capable of establishing PLF in the anterior segment, but this can be shielded by UV-blocking soft contact lenses. Sunglasses may be unable to shield oblique rays, unless side protection is incorporated. Contact lenses can offer UVR protection against all angles of incidence, including the peak-response angle. They can also protect the eye in settings in which the wearing of sunglasses is not feasible or convenient.
Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect of La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 nanoparticles tuned by particle size (2012)

La0.8Ca0.2MnO3 particles with the sizes from 17 to 43 nm have been prepared using the sol-gel method and the magnetic properties are systematically studied. The existence of the blocking of the superparamagnetism (SPM), freezing of super-spin-glass, and surface-spin-glass is evidenced. It is found that a core-shell structure can be responsible for the magnetism behavior of the nanoparticles. The phase transition from paramagnetism (PM) to ferromagnetism (FM) is modified from first order to second order as the particle size reduced. The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) thus is modified by the changed magnetism. The observed temperature interval of the magnetic entropy change broadens as the particle size reduced. The magnetic entropy change of superparamagnetic particles has been calculated based on the core-shell model. The relative cooling power (RCP) can be tuned dramatically by particle size due to the change of spontaneous magnetization of the core and the changed ratio of the shell and surface, which shows different behavior in magnetization.
Infection Control in a Burn Center (1990)

No consensus has been reached on the ideal isolation technique to prevent hospital-acquired infection in the patient with burns. This study reports four 2-month consecutive periods of microbial surveillance in a burn center intensive care unit. Phase I, the first period of surveillance, demonstrated a unit-acquired colonization rate of 63%, with the marker organisms appearing at 4 to 8 days. Direct observation of isolation technique showed a 51% error rate. A mandatory educational session reviewing the high colonization rates, observed breaks in isolation technique, and principles of infection control failed to decrease the colonization rates as measured in phase II. A simplified isolation technique was adopted, which led to a decrease in unit-acquired colonization, from 63% to 33% in phase III from phase I values (p = 0.0514); and to a significant delay in inception, from 7.8 to 21 days, in those colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p less than 0.05). The simplified isolation technique decreased isolation costs over a 6-month period from $53,000 to $30,000. To confirm the decrease colonization rates from phase I to phase III, a fourth 2-month surveillance period was undertaken 6 months later. Phase IV demonstrated similar results to those of phase III.
Restricted feeding uncouples circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (2000)

In mammals, circadian oscillators exist not only in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which harbors the central pacemaker, but also in most peripheral tissues. It is believed that the SCN clock entrains the phase of peripheral clocks via chemical cues, such as rhythmically secreted hormones. Here we show that temporal feeding restriction under light-dark or dark-dark conditions can change the phase of circadian gene expression in peripheral cell types by up to 12 h while leaving the phase of cyclic gene expression in the SCN unaffected. Hence, changes in metabolism can lead to an uncoupling of peripheral oscillators from the central pacemaker. Sudden large changes in feeding time, similar to abrupt changes in the photoperiod, reset the phase of rhythmic gene expression gradually and are thus likely to act through a clock-dependent mechanism. Food-induced phase resetting proceeds faster in liver than in kidney, heart, or pancreas, but after 1 wk of daytime feeding, the phases of circadian gene expression are similar in all examined peripheral tissues.
Real-Time Whole-Genome Sequencing for Routine Typing, Surveillance, and Outbreak Detection of Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (2014)

Fast and accurate identification and typing of pathogens are essential for effective surveillance and outbreak detection. The current routine procedure is based on a variety of techniques, making the procedure laborious, time-consuming, and expensive. With whole-genome sequencing (WGS) becoming cheaper, it has huge potential in both diagnostics and routine surveillance. The aim of this study was to perform a real-time evaluation of WGS for routine typing and surveillance of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). In Denmark, the Statens Serum Institut (SSI) routinely receives all suspected VTEC isolates. During a 7-week period in the fall of 2012, all incoming isolates were concurrently subjected to WGS using IonTorrent PGM. Real-time bioinformatics analysis was performed using web-tools (www.genomicepidemiology.org) for species determination, multilocus sequence type (MLST) typing, and determination of phylogenetic relationship, and a specific VirulenceFinder for detection of E. coli virulence genes was developed as part of this study. In total, 46 suspected VTEC isolates were characterized in parallel during the study. VirulenceFinder proved successful in detecting virulence genes included in routine typing, explicitly verocytotoxin 1 (vtx1), verocytotoxin 2 (vtx2), and intimin (eae), and also detected additional virulence genes. VirulenceFinder is also a robust method for assigning verocytotoxin (vtx) subtypes. A real-time clustering of isolates in agreement with the epidemiology was established from WGS, enabling discrimination between sporadic and outbreak isolates. Overall, WGS typing produced results faster and at a lower cost than the current routine. Therefore, WGS typing is a superior alternative to conventional typing strategies. This approach may also be applied to typing and surveillance of other pathogens.
Analysis and comparison of switched reluctance motors with different physical sizes, using a 2D finite element method (1995)

This paper investigates the influence of physical size of a switched reluctance motor on its output performance. Three four-phase switched reluctance motors with different dimensions and power ratings are used for comparison. The magnetic characteristics of each motor are described using a 2D finite element method. Field solutions from finite element calculation and analysis combined with the output equation are processed to give the energy conversion loop, /spl psi//spl sim/i trajectory, for each motor. The comparison of the output performance and /spl psi//spl sim/i loop for each motor provides the basis for the discussion on the relationship of output performance of a switched reluctance motor to its physical size.
Chest CT findings of early and progressive phase COVID-19 infection from a US patient (2020)

The SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), originally reported in Wuhan, China, has rapidly proliferated throughout several continents and the first case in the United States was reported on January 19, 2020. According to the ACR guidelines issued shortly after this disease was declared a pandemic, radiologists are expected to familiarize themselves with the CT appearance of COVID-19 infection in order to be able to identify specific findings of this entity. This case report discusses the relevant imaging findings of one of the first cases in the mid-western United States. It involves a 60-year-old man who presented with fever, dyspnea, and cough for 1 week and subsequently tested positive for COVID-19. The utility of the noncontrast CT chest in the diagnosis of COVID-19 has been controversial, but there are specific imaging findings that have been increasingly associated with this virus in the appropriate clinical context. The stages of imaging findings in COVID-19 are considered along with the implications of fibrosis throughout the stages. Future considerations include using artificial intelligence algorithms to distinguish between community acquired pneumonias and COVID-19 infection.
First Evidence for Diploidy and Genetic Recombination in Free-Living Amoebae of the Genus <i>Naegleria</i> on the Basis of Electrophoretic Variation (1987)

Electrophoretic variation for 15 enzyme-coding genes was studied in various Naegleria (Rhizopoda, Vahlkampfiidae) species. The occurrence of complex banding patterns provided the first evidence of a diploid structure of the genome of these amoebae. The putative loci identified were found not to be linked and the genotypic distribution suggested chromosomal recombination for one species (Naegleria lovaniensis).
Job shop scheduling by means of simulation and an optimum-seeking search (1969)

The paper discusses a job shop simulator designed for use in the scheduling of a set of jobs. The simulator has been implemented in the form of a Fortran program. The simulator can be used in conjunction with a search program that adjusts priority rule parameters in seeking an improved schedule.
The 2011 Blamey Oration: The global strategic outlook - a South-Asian perspective (2011)

South Asia is a region of political upheaval and poverty. China and India, both nuclear armed, are becoming global economic powers approaching economic parity with the United States, whereas the European powers are in decline. India, secular and democratic, does not aspire to geopolitical world leadership. China, in contrast, is a one-party dictatorship with global ambitions, is building its conventional military and space capacity, and is seeking to break free of its geographic maritime constraints. Pakistan, also nuclear armed, is the epicentre of global terrorism and is struggling to avoid implosion. In response, India is providing aid to its impoverished near neighbours, is building alliances with other emerging powers, and is seeking a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council. As its nuclear deterrent is balanced by those of China and Pakistan, it is investing heavily in conventional naval and military forces to deter miscalculations by them. Towards mid-century, the United States will remain in the top three economies, and may still be the only sea power with a navy capable of sustained operations in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, while both India and China are likely to have two-ocean navies capable of operations in the Indo-Pacific Region. War or peace in the Indo-Pacific Region will depend in large part on how these three powers interact with each other.
Fixed Point error analysis of Radix-4 and Radix-8 FFT algorithms (2011)

In this paper the analysis of overall quantization loss for the Radix-4 and Radix-8 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms is extended to the case where the twiddle factor word length is different from the register word length. Simulation results, that validate the theoretical analysis, are then presented.
Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Water Requirements (1990)

This manual, Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Water Requirements (Manual No. 70) , prepared by the Committee on Irrigation Water Requirements of the Irrigation and Drainage Division of the American Society of Civil Engineers, updates the former ASCE report Consumptive Use of Water and Irrigation Water Requirements published in 1974. It incorporates many years of user experience with the previous report and recent advances in the physics of evaporation from plant and soil surfaces. The manual is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter provides the background information on evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirements throughout the world. The next chapter explores various aspects of the soil-plant-atmosphere system while the third discusses energy balance. This is followed by a discussion of evapotranspiration, potential evapotranspiration and crop evapotranspiration. Chapter 5 explores the relationship between evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirements. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the methods for determining evapotranspiration and the evaluation of these methods respectively. The final chapter states the various ways an engineer might use this data. Therefore, this manual not only provides engineers with the necessary information to modify and improve procedures for estimating evapotranspiration, but it also helps them to evaluate and use this data.