gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Baculovirus Superinfection System: Efficient Vehicle for Gene Transfer into <i>Drosophila</i> S2 Cells (2000)

The baculovirus expression vector system is considered to be a safe, powerful, but cell-lytic heterologous protein expression system in insect cells. We show here that there is a new baculovirus system for efficient gene transfer and expression using the popular and genetically well-understood Drosophila S2 cells. The recombinant baculovirus was constructed to carry an enhanced green fluorescent protein under the control of polyhedrin promoter as a fluorescent selection marker in the Sf21 cell line. Recombinant baculoviruses were then used to transduce S2 cells with target gene expression cassettes containing a Drosophila heat shock protein 70, an actin 5C, or a metallothionein promoter. Nearly 100% of the S2 cells showed evidence of gene expression after infection. The time course for the optimal protein expression peaked at 24 to 36 h postinfection, which is significantly earlier than a polyhedrin-driven protein expression in Sf21 cells. Importantly, S2 cells did not appear to be lysed after infection, and the protein expression levels are comparable to those of proteins under the control of polyhedrin promoter in several lepidopteran cell lines. Most surprisingly, S2 cells permit repetitive infections of multiple baculoviruses over time. These findings clearly suggest that this baculovirus-S2 system may effect the efficient gene transfer and expression system of the well-characterized Drosophila S2 cells.
Cache coherence in a multiport memory environment (2002)

The effects of various cache coherence strategies are analyzed for a multiported shared memory multiprocessor. Analytical models for concurrent read exclusive write access (CREW) and concurrent read concurrent write access (CRCW) are developed including shared-not-cacheable, snooping bus, snooping bus with cache-to-cache transfers, and directory protocols. The performance of each protocol is shown as the hit rate, main memory-to-cache memory cycle time ratio, fraction of shared data, read percentage, and number of partitions are varied. Overall, results indicate that a snooping bus with cache-to-cache transfer scheme provides consistently fast access times over a wide range of execution parameters. However, nearly equivalent performance can be obtained with simpler directory based schemes. The implications of these results on increasing port complexity and memory usage are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Production of Amorphous Soft Magnetic Powders by the New Water Atomization Process "SWAP". (2001)

In this paper, characteristics of the amorphous soft-magnetic alloy powders fabricated by the new atomization process "SWAP; Spinning Water Atomization Process" with both of high quenching rate and possibility of the mass-production are presented.In the equipment, gas-atomized droplets are rapidly quenched by the effect of centrifugal force of the high speed spinning water. The speed, the depth and the temperature of the spinning water influence the quenching rate of droplets. Fe-Si-B alloy powders produced by this method were in the amorphous state at particle size up to 300μm in diameter and exhibited good soft-magnetic properties and very low oxygen contents of about 100-200ppm. The powder surface observed by SEM was smooth and their morphology was spherical for finer particle and rather flat for larger particle, suitable for forming consolidated powder core. Therefore, "SWAP" is expected to be useful for high production yield of amorphous powder and to be available for development of amorphous powder cores.
Pharmacokinetic properties of bromide in dogs after the intravenous and oral administration of single doses (1995)

Bromide (20 mg kg-1) was administered intravenously and orally to normal beagle dogs. The mean (SD) apparent elimination half life (t1/2 beta) after oral administration (46 +/- 9 days) was not significantly different from the mean t1/2 beta after intravenous administration (37 +/- 10 days). The mean total body clearance was 9.0 +/- 3.9 ml day-1 kg-1 and the mean apparent volume of distribution was 0.45 +/- 0.07 litre kg-1. The mean area under the serum concentration time curve (AUC) was significantly smaller after oral administration than after intravenous administration, and from a comparison of the two values the oral bioavailability of bromide was estimated to be 46 per cent. Assuming this degree of bioavailability, the daily dose of bromide necessary to maintain serum bromide concentrations within the therapeutic range of 1000 to 2000 mg litre-1 recommended for epileptic dogs was estimated to be approximately 21 mg kg-1. The intravenous loading dose of sodium bromide necessary to reach minimal therapeutic serum bromide concentrations was predicted to be 570 +/- 90 mg kg-1.
Trends in Survival of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Between 1977 and 1996 in the United States (2001)

The recent increase in the incidence of hepatocellular cancer in the United States is thought to underlie the rising mortality of this malignancy. However, it remains unknown whether survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has changed during the same time period. Using the SEER database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) of the National Cancer Institute, we examined the temporal changes and determinants of survival among patients with histologically proven HCC over a 20-year period. Between 1977 and 1996, 7,389 patients diagnosed with HCC were followed in the survival database of SEER. The overall 1-year relative survival rate increased from 14% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 12-16) during 1977-1981 to 23% (95% CI: 21-24) during 1992 to 1996. Between the same two time periods, less improvement was seen in the 5-year survival rates, which increased from 2% (95% CI: 1-3) to only 5% (95% CI: 4-7). The median survival increased slightly from 0.57 years during 1977 to 1981 to 0.64 years during 1992 to 1996. In general, there were no significant differences in survival between men and women or between ethnic groups. During 1987 to 1991, a small fraction (0.8%) of patients underwent radical surgery; these patients had 1-year survival of 59% (95% CI: 35-83%), and 5-year survival of 35% (95% CI: 12-58%). Similar rates were seen during 1992-1996. In conclusion, a small improvement in survival of patients with HCC was seen between 1977 and 1996. Most of this apparent benefit is restricted to the first year following cancer diagnosis, raising the possibility of lead-time bias. There were no significant differences related to gender or ethnicity.
New developments in biomarkers for melanoma (2013)

Genetic melanoma markers have already become clinically relevant. We expect both their role and that of immunological biomarkers to increase significantly in the next few years, enabling personalized therapy with optimal treatment selection for individual tumors.
C-terminal tripeptide Ser-Asn-Leu (SNL) of human D-aspartate oxidase is a functional peroxisome-targeting signal (1998)

The functionality of the C-terminus (Ser-Asn-Leu; SNL) of human d-aspartate oxidase, an enzyme proposed to have a role in the inactivation of synaptically released d-aspartate, as a peroxisome-targeting signal (PTS1) was investigated in vivo and in vitro. Bacterially expressed human d-aspartate oxidase was shown to interact with the human PTS1-binding protein, peroxin protein 5 (PEX5p). Binding was gradually abolished by carboxypeptidase treatment of the oxidase and competitively inhibited by a Ser-Lys-Leu (SKL)-containing peptide. After transfection of mouse fibroblasts with a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) extended by PKSNL (the C-terminal pentapeptide of the oxidase), a punctate fluorescent pattern was evident. The modified GFP co-localized with peroxisomal thiolase as shown by indirect immunofluorescence. On transfection in fibroblasts lacking PEX5p receptor, GFP-PKSNL staining was cytosolic. Peroxisomal import of GFP extended by PGSNL (replacement of the positively charged fourth-last amino acid by glycine) seemed to be slower than that of GFP-PKSNL, whereas extension by PKSNG abolished the import of the modified GFP. Taken together, these results indicate that SNL, a tripeptide not fitting the PTS1 consensus currently defined in mammalian systems, acts as a functional PTS1 in mammalian systems, and that the consensus sequence, based on this work and that of other groups, has to be broadened to (S/A/C/K/N)-(K/R/H/Q/N/S)-L.
Systematik einer Theorie Schulischen Handelns (1993)

Solche veränderten Handlungsmuster im Unterricht zu generieren, ist in erster Linie Aufgabe der Didaktik als Theorie unterrichtlichen Handelns. Didaktische Theoriebildung geschieht denn auch in der Regel unter dem Anspruch, über theoretische Entwürfe unterrichtlicher Praxis angehenden oder bereits praktizierenden Lehrern wissenschaftlich fundierte Orientierungen für ihr Handeln zu liefern.
Pheeno, A Versatile Swarm Robotic Research and Education Platform (2016)

Swarms of low-cost autonomous robots can potentially be used to collectively perform tasks over very large domains and time scales. Novel robots for swarm applications are currently being developed as a result of recent advances in sensing, actuation, processing, power, and manufacturing. These platforms can be used by researchers to conduct experiments with robot collectives and by educators to include robotic hardware in their curricula. However, existing low-cost robots are specialized and can lack desired sensing, navigation, control, and manipulation capabilities. This letter presents a new mobile robot platform, Pheeno, that is affordable, versatile, and suitable for multirobot research, education, and outreach activities. Users can modify Pheeno for their applications by designing custom modules that attach to its core module. We describe the design of the Pheeno core and a three degree-of-freedom gripper module, which enables unprecedented manipulation capabilities for a robot of Pheeno's size and cost. We experimentally demonstrate Pheeno's ability to fuse measurements from its onboard odometry for global position estimation and use its camera for object identification in real time. We also show that groups of two and three Pheenos can act on commands from a central controller and consistently transport a payload in a desired direction.
Stable Isotope Ratios of Marijuana. I. Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes Describe Growth Conditions* (2008)

There remains significant uncertainty in illicit marijuana cultivation. We analyzed the delta(13)C and delta(15)N of 508 domestic samples from known U.S.A. counties, 31 seized from a single location, 5 samples grown in Mexico and Colombia, and 10 northwest border seizures. For a subset, inflorescences and leaves were analyzed separately. These data revealed a strong correspondence, with inflorescences having slightly higher delta(13)C and delta(15)N values than leaves. A framework for interpreting these results is introduced and evaluated. Samples identified as outdoor-grown by delta(13)C were generally recorded as such by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). DEA-classified indoor-grown samples had the most negative delta(13)C values, consistent with indoor cultivation, although many were also in the outdoor-grown domain. Delta(15)N indicated a wide range of fertilizers across the dataset. Samples seized at the single location suggested multiple sources. Northwest border delta(13)C values suggested indoor growth, whereas for the Mexican and Colombian samples they indicated outdoor growth.
Reduction of Schiff Bases. III. Reduction with Dimethylamine Borane (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReduction of Schiff Bases. III. Reduction with Dimethylamine BoraneJOHN H. BILLMAN and JOHN W. McDOWELLCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1961, 26, 5, 1437–1440Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01064a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01064a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1009Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Protonolysis of Dimethylplatinum(II) Complexes:  Primary Attack at Metal or Ligand (2000)

The complexes [PtMe2(DMEP)], 1, and [PtMe2(DMPP)], 2 [DMEP, DMPP = Me2N(CH2)nNCH-2-C5H4N, n = 2, 3, respectively], contain ligands that chelate to platinum through the imine and pyridyl groups, with the tertiary amine group not coordinated. Methyl iodide reacted with complex 1 to give [PtIMe3(DMEP)] but reacted with 2 to give a mixture of [PtIMe3(DMPP)] and [PtMe3(DMPP)]I, indicating the greater ability of DMPP to act as a fac-tridentate ligand. Complex 2 reacted with MeO3SCF3 to form [PtMe3(DMPP)][CF3SO3] only. The primary reaction of 1 and 2 with HX (X = Cl, O2CCF3, or O3SCF3) occurred by protonation of the pendant amine, while with excess acid, a methylplatinum bond trans to imine was cleaved selectively. Two products of protonolysis, namely [PtMe(DMEP)][O3SCF3], containing mer-tridentate DMEP, and [PtMe(O2CCF3)(DMEPH)][O2CCF3], with a protonated bidentate DMEP ligand, have been characterized by structure determinations, and the reaction pathways have been deduced by monitoring the reactions by 1H NMR at varying temperature. In the reaction of 2 with HCl, an intermediate hydridoplatinum(IV) complex [PtHClMe2(DMPPH)][Cl] was detected and determined to be stable up to −30 °C, when it decomposed to give methane and [PtClMe(DMPPH)][Cl].
Ghost cancellation implementation in television and VCR (1995)

As ghost cancellation becomes more popular, television receivers will include this feature. Integrating ghost cancellation into television requires some special consideration as is discussed in the paper.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
FoxO1 Links Hepatic Insulin Action to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (2010)

Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is a transcription factor that mediates the inhibitory effect of insulin on target genes in hepatic metabolism. Hepatic FoxO1 activity is up-regulated to promote glucose production during fasting and is suppressed to limit postprandial glucose excursion after meals. Increased FoxO1 activity augments the expression of insulin receptor (IR) and IR substrate (IRS)2, which in turn inhibits FoxO1 activity in response to reduced insulin action. To address the underlying physiology of such a feedback loop for regulating FoxO1 activity, we delivered FoxO1-ADA by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into livers of adult mice. FoxO1-ADA is a constitutively active allele that is refractory to insulin inhibition, allowing us to determine the metabolic effect of a dislodged FoxO1 feedback loop in mice. We show that hepatic FoxO1-ADA production resulted in significant induction of IR and IRS2 expression. Mice with increased FoxO1-ADA production exhibited near glycogen depletion. Unexpectedly, hepatic FoxO1-ADA production elicited a profound unfolded protein response, culminating in the induction of hepatic glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression. These findings were recapitulated in primary human and mouse hepatocytes. FoxO1 targeted GRP78 gene for trans-activation via selective binding to an insulin responsive element in the GRP78 promoter. This effect was counteracted by insulin. Our studies underscore the importance of an IR and IRS2-dependent feedback loop to keep FoxO1 activity in check for maintaining hepatic glycogen homeostasis and promoting adaptive unfolded protein response in response to altered metabolism and insulin action. Excessive FoxO1 activity, resulting from a dislodged FoxO1 feedback loop in insulin resistant liver, is attributable to hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress and metabolic abnormalities in diabetes.
Restmule (2018)

Mining data from remote repositories, such as GitHub and StackExchange, involves the execution of requests that can easily reach the limitations imposed by the respective APIs to shield their services from overload and abuse. Therefore, data mining clients are left alone to deal with such protective service policies which usually involves an extensive amount of manual implementation effort. In this work we present RestMule, a framework for handling various service policies, such as limited number of requests within a period of time and multi-page responses, by generating resilient clients that are able to handle request rate limits, network failures, response caching, and paging in a graceful and transparent manner. As a result, RestMule clients generated from OpenAPI specifications (i.e. standardized REST API descriptors), are suitable for intensive data-fetching scenarios. We evaluate our framework by reproducing an existing repository mining use case and comparing the results produced by employing a popular hand-written client and a RestMule client.
A Real-Time Garbage Collector for Embedded Applications in CLI. (2004)

Delirium, sometimes referred to as encephalopathy, is an acute confusional state that is both common in hospitalized patients and associated with poor outcomes. For patients, families, and caregivers, delirium can be a traumatic experience. While delirium is one of the most common diagnoses encountered by the consulting neurologist, the majority of the time it will have been previously unrecognized as such by the care team. Neurologic syndromes such as dementia or aphasia can either be misdiagnosed as delirium or may coexist with it, necessitating careful neurologic assessment. Once the diagnosis of delirium has been established, a careful evaluation for predisposing and precipitating factors can help uncover modifiable contributors, which should be addressed as part of a multicomponent, primarily nonpharmacologic intervention. Importantly, delirium management, which begins with comprehensive prevention, should emphasize the humanity of the delirious patient and the challenges of caring for this vulnerable population. When considered, delirium represents an important opportunity for the neurologist to substantially enhance patient care.
Cyclostationarity-based filtering for narrowband interference suppression in direct-sequence spread-spectrum systems (1998)

This paper addresses the problem of narrowband interference suppression in direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS/SS) techniques, which have been adopted to implement code division multiple access (CDMA) systems for wireless mobile communications. The theory of cyclic Wiener filtering, based on the cyclostationarity assumption for the signals involved in the reception problem, is applied to design single-channel adaptive frequency-shift filters which exploit both temporal and spectral correlation properties, i.e., the correlation between time- and frequency-shifted versions of the received signal. The numerical results show that receiving structures based on the proposed cyclostationarity-based interference suppression schemes largely outperform receivers that utilize conventional linear time-invariant suppressors, when they operate in highly contaminated interference environments.
Segmented phase-only filter binarized with a new error diffusion approach (2005)

International audience
Parameter optimization by random search using hybrid computer techniques (1966)

Optimum selection of the parameter values for a complex dynamic system usually consists of three distinct phases: (1) a proposed system configuration is selected, in which only parameter values remain as unknowns; (2) one or more performance or cost criteria for evaluation of the system are selected; and (3) a computer technique or algorithm is chosen for adjusting the system parameters until an optimum value of the criterion function is achieved. Typical algorithms are those based on relaxation or steep descent methods. However, both of these methods are primarily suited to optimization of criterion functions with unique minima or maxima. Furthermore, they may fail to converge or may converge only very slowly if the criterion function---parameter space exhibits "ridges" or if the criterion function is only piecewise differentiable or piecewise continuous. Both of these difficulties are likely to arise in connection with nonlinear systems. This paper presents an approach to finding a global optimum by means of a modified sequential random perturbation technique implemented on a hybrid computer.
Important Aspects Related to the Influence of Water Depth on ERW (2004)

Abstract Over the last years, the drilling of extended reach wells (ERW) has become almost common practice in the oil industry. Although it still poses many technical challenges, successful applications such as the ones at Witch Farm, UK or in the South China Sea spurred the interest in ERW by the operators. In parallel, with the push for even further lateral displacement of wells, another technology frontier emerged for drillers: Extended reach wells in deepwater. The majority of the extended reach wells are drilled from onshore sites to reservoirs that are situated under sensible locations like preserved nature or urbanized areas. Extended reach wells drilled from fixed platform installations in shallow water usually are aimed to reach outer parts of reservoirs that otherwise could not be developed economically. In deepwater, ERW allows the use of dry completion platforms such as TLP or SPAR. It improves flow assurance and reduces the cost of the well and the future interventions. The paper at hand gives an overview on the effects of water depth on extended reach drilling (ERD).