gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-34A inhibits the growth, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer by targeting PDGFR and MET expression (2014)

Within the family of RTKs (receptor tyrosine kinases), PDGFR (platelet-derived growth factor receptor) has been implicated in carcinogenesis and tumour development. miRNAs (microRNAs), which can target the mRNAs (messenger RNAs) of cancer-associated genes, are abnormally expressed in various cancers. In this study, our aim was to identify the miRNAs that target PDGFR-α/β and to study the functions of these miRNAs. miR-34a was predicted to target PDGFR, and luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-34a could directly target PDGFR. Meanwhile, we found that miR-34a was down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and was associated with metastasis. Our findings showed that miR-34a could inhibit gastric cancer cell migration, invasion and proliferation, but these tumourigenic properties were only partially restored when PDGFR-α/β was overexpressed. In subsequent experiments, we found that the overexpression of both PDGFR and MET could completely restore the gastric cancer tumourigenic properties. Moreover, the cancer-associated cell signalling pathway was studied, and we found that miR-34a could inhibit Akt [PKB (protein kinase B)] phosphorylation, which was restored by the overexpression of both PDGFR and MET. In conclusion, miR-34a may act as a potential tumour suppressor in gastric cancer and is associated with the mechanisms of gastric cancer metastasis; miR-34a can inhibit gastric cancer tumourigenesis by targeting PDGFR and MET through the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt pathway.
Visible Light-Induced Desulfurization Process for Catalytic-Cracked Gasoline Using an Organic Two-Phase Extraction System (1999)

A desulfurization process, based on photoinduced electron-transfer oxidation using 9,10-dicyanoanthracene (DCA) and organic two-phase extraction, has been applied to the desulfurization of catalytic-cracked gasoline (CCG). Sulfur-containing compounds (thiol, disulfide, and thiophenes), in acetonitrile solution, are photooxidized by photoirradiation, at wavelengths of λ > 400 nm in the presence of DCA, to form highly polarized compounds (sulfoxide, sulfone, and sulfate anion), and these compounds do not distribute into the CCG. Thus, when CCG and acetonitrile solution are mixed and are photoirradiated with DCA, the sulfur-containing compounds are extracted into the acetonitrile phase and are photooxidized, thus providing the successive removal of sulfur from CCG to acetonitrile under moderate conditions. In this way, the sulfur content of CCG is reduced successfully from 100 ppm to less than 30 ppm. The large quantity of olefins contained in the CCG is minimally photooxidized, owing to their small fluorescence quenching rate with DCA, and thus the desulfurized CCG has the same high octane number as that of the feed CCG.
A conceptual meta-model for secured information systems (2011)

Over the past years, research on specifying, designing and developing secured information systems (IS) has been very active. Some contributions have focused on integrating security aspects, mainly access control mechanisms, at the implementation phase. Others pay a particular attention to the capture and analysis of security requirements. However, to our knowledge, no method addresses the whole problem of the specification of security requirements and their transformation through all the phases of the IS development life cycle. We argue that better Secured IS can be obtained if security issues are taken into account at an earlier phase of the system life cycle and integrated with functional aspects along the whole life cycle. This paper is a step forward to a comprehensive security conceptual meta-model encompassing the main security properties such as availability, integrity, confidentiality, and accountability. It integrates functional and non-functional requirements. It includes social, organizational as well as informational aspects. This meta-model is the backbone of our approach.
Recent advances in non‐invasive prenatal DNA diagnosis through analysis of maternal blood (2007)

Prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy and single-gene disorders is usually performed by collecting fetal samples through amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. However, these invasive procedures are associated with some degree of risk to the fetus and/or mother. Therefore, in recent years, considerable effort has been made to develop non-invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures. One potential non-invasive approach involves analysis of cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma or serum. Another approach utilizes fetal cells within the maternal circulation as a source of fetal DNA. At the present time, fetal gender and fetal RhD blood type within RhD-negative pregnant women can be reliably determined through analysis of maternal plasma. Furthermore, genetic alterations can be diagnosed in the maternal plasma when the mother does not have the alterations. However, the diagnosis of maternally inherited genetic disease and aneuploidy is limited using this approach. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis through examination of intact fetal cells circulating within maternal blood can be used to diagnose a full range of genetic disorders. Since only a limited number of fetal cells circulate within maternal blood, procedures to enrich the cells and enable single cell analysis with high sensitivity are required. Recently, separation methods, including a lectin-based method and autoimage analyzing, have been developed, which have improved the sensitivity of genetic analysis. This progress has supported the possibility of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. In the present article, we discuss recent advances in the field of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.
Estimation of in vivo digestibility with the laying hen by an in vitro method using the intestinal fluid of the pig (1980)

1. Dry matter and crude protein (nitrogen x 6.25) digestibility of four poultry diets determined by an in vitro method using the intestinal fluid of pigs was significantly correlated with corresponding in vivo digestibility values obtained with hens. 2. The intestinal fluid could be lyophilized and stored for at least 35 d without losing its activity on digestion.
An Off-the-Shelf Instant Contact Casting Device for the Management of Diabetic Foot Ulcers (2007)

The Optima Diab walker is as safe and effective as TCC in the management of DFU, but its lower costs and better applicability may be of help in spreading the practice of off-loading among the centers that manage the diabetic foot.
THE TACQ COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR AUTOMATIC TIME DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY MEASUREMENTS: I. DESIGN AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS (2000)

Despite the increased use of time domain reflectometry (TDR) for measurement of soil water content and bulkelectrical conductivity (BEC), there are few public releases of software for TDR system control. The TACQ program,under development since the early 1990s on a wide variety of soils, allows control of multiplexed systems supporting up to256 TDR probes. The program is DOS-based to ease creation of low-power, embedded computer systems; and toeliminate resource conflicts and timing difficulties inherent to multi-tasking, Windows-based operating systems. So that itcan be easily used in embedded systems, the program was written to run with as little as 640 kbytes of RAM and 1 Mbyteof expanded memory, and with a variety of graphics standards and CPUs ranging from 80186 to Pentium. Embeddedcomputer systems based on the PC-104 specification have been implemented using TACQ; and the program has beenintegrated into a supervisory control and data acquisition system (SCADA) for irrigation scheduling and control. Using aparallel port, the program controls multiplexers from both Campbell Scientific (Logan, Utah), and Dynamax (Houston,Texas); and it allows reading of probes in any user-defined order if using the latter. The user has complete control overmultiplexer address assignments, interconnection of multiplexers, and probe locations on each multiplexer; includingindividual settings for probe length, window width, averaging, distance to each probe, gain, and type of data acquired(waveform, travel time, apparent permittivity, water content, relative voltages for bulk electrical conductivity, or acombination of these). Interfaces to TDR instruments including Tektronix 1502 (modified), 1502B, and 1502C cabletesters are implemented through an RS-232 port. Concurrent temperature data may also be acquired (ComputerBoardsmodels CIO-DASx). System power control is implemented through the computers own power management capabilities,and through direct control of power to the TDR instrument and video subsystem where applicable, thus allowing creationof very low-power systems. The program is stable and suitable for use in environmental measurement systems that areunattended for long periods of time. Waveform interpretation methods are discussed in the second paper in this series.
AutonoVi-Sim: Autonomous Vehicle Simulation Platform with Weather, Sensing, and Traffic Control (2018)

We present AutonoVi-Sim, a novel high-fidelity simulation platform for autonomous driving data generation and driving strategy testing. AutonoVi-Sim is a collection of high-level extensible modules which allows the rapid development and testing of vehicle configurations and facilitates construction of complex traffic scenarios. Autonovi-Sim supports multiple vehicles with unique steering or acceleration limits, as well as unique tire parameters and dynamics profiles. Engineers can specify the specific vehicle sensor systems and vary time of day and weather conditions to generate robust data and gain insight into how conditions affect the performance of a particular algorithm. In addition, AutonoVi-Sim supports navigation for non-vehicle traffic participants such as cyclists and pedestrians, allowing engineers to specify routes for these actors, or to create scripted scenarios which place the vehicle in dangerous reactive situations. Autonovi-Sim facilitates training of deep-learning algorithms by enabling data export from the vehicle's sensors, including camera data, LIDAR, relative positions of traffic participants, and detection and classification results. Thus, AutonoVi-Sim allows for the rapid prototyping, development and testing of autonomous driving algorithms under varying vehicle, road, traffic, and weather conditions. In this paper, we detail the simulator and provide specific performance and data benchmarks.
Conditional Expression of K-<b> <i>ras</i> </b> in an Epithelial Compartment that Includes the Stem Cells Is Sufficient to Promote Squamous Cell Carcinogenesis (2004)

Ras genes are the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancer. However, the contribution of ras to tumor initiation still is unclear because ras expression in primary cells can cause cell cycle arrest and even cell death by apoptosis. Furthermore, when expressed in the epidermis of mice, mutant ras promotes the formation of benign papillomas, only few of which will progress into carcinomas. However, in these cases, ras-transgene expression often is restricted to suprabasal or follicular epithelial cells that may lack self-renewal capacity. Thus, it still is conceivable that expression of active ras in other epithelial compartments may exert a distinct ability to promote malignant progression. To address this possibility, transgenic mice carrying the tetracycline-inducible system (tet-on receptor) targeted to the basal layer of stratified epithelium, which includes the epithelial stem cells, were engineered and crossed with mice expressing the K-ras(G12D) oncogene under the control of tet-regulated responsive elements. On doxycycline administration, proliferative lesions ranging from hyperplasias, papillomas, and dysplasias to metastatic carcinomas developed in squamous epithelia of the skin, oral mucosa, salivary glands, tongue, esophagus, forestomach, and uterine cervix within just 10 to 20 days. The most noticeable lesions were invasive squamous carcinomas of the skin and oral mucosa. These findings suggest that the expression of oncogenes in an epithelial compartment that includes the stem cells may be sufficient to promote squamous carcinogenesis. They also provide a molecularly defined conditional animal model system in which the mechanisms responsible for cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic spread can be readily investigated.
Abnormal temperature dependence of exchange bias in the NiFe5/Ta0.2/IrMn8 system (2003)

Exchange bias (Hex) between NiFe and IrMn across a spacer layer such as Ru, Cr, Cu, and Ta has been studied. Hex is almost destroyed when a 0.2-nm-thick Ta layer is inserted between NiFe and IrMn. Abnormal temperature (T) dependence of Hex (there is two magnetization hysteresis loops with different blocking temperatures; the T dependence is neither linear nor nature of Fermi-Dirac statistics, it is an exponential decay function) has been observed in the NiFe/Ta/IrMn system. The abnormal hysteresis loops are associated with two antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases formed due to interface diffusion after magnetic annealing. The exponential decay Hex with temperature is due to complicated coupling mechanisms involved in the system. It is suggested that the strength of the exchange bias should be the nature of long-range interaction while the blocking temperature of the system should be mainly determined by the structure of the FM/AFM interface.
Fixed-weight on-line learning (1999)

Conventional artificial neural networks perform functional mappings from their input space to their output space. The synaptic weights encode information about the mapping in a manner analogous to long-term memory in biological systems. This paper presents a method of designing neural networks where recurrent signal loops store this knowledge in a manner analogous to short-term memory. The synaptic weights of these networks encode a learning algorithm. This gives these networks the ability to dynamically learn any functional mapping from a (possibly very large) set, without changing any synaptic weights. These networks are adaptive dynamic systems. Learning is online continually taking place as part of the network's overall behavior instead of a separate, externally driven process. We present four higher order fixed-weight learning networks. Two of these networks have standard backpropagation embedded in their synaptic weights. The other two utilize a more efficient gradient-descent-based learning rule. This new learning scheme was discovered by examining variations in fixed-weight topology. We present empirical tests showing that all these networks were able to successfully learn functions from both discrete (Boolean) and continuous function sets. Largely, the networks were robust with respect to perturbations in the synaptic weights. The exception was the recurrent connections used to store information. These required a tight tolerance of 0.5%. We found that the cost of these networks scaled approximately in proportion to the total number of synapses. We consider evolving fixed weight networks tailored to a specific problem class by analyzing the meta-learning cost surface of the networks presented.
Chemical degradation of PCB in the contaminated soils slurry: Direct Fenton oxidation and desorption combined with the photo-Fenton process (2009)

This paper reports the results of the direct treatment of PCBs sorbed to solid particles (glass beads and sand) employing the Fenton process. The results obtained with contaminated sandy soils show 98% removal of the original PCB structure and 82% dechlorination, all within a reaction time of 72 hours. The degree of removal was observed to be dependent on the level of congener chlorination. The optimized conditions were: 5% H(2)O(2); 100 ppm Fe(3+); sandy soil mass/volume of oxidizing solution ratio (m/V) of 1/3 g/mL, vigorous agitation and dispensed with the need for heat. Results obtained by applying an integrated desorption treatment followed by photo-Fenton oxidation to sandy soils contaminated with PCBs are also present in this paper. Desorption of PCBs with surfactant solutions took place to an extent of around 90% (92.2% with K-perfluoroalkyl sulfonate, FT800, and 87% with Lineal Alkyl benzene Sulfonate, LAS), while photo-Fenton oxidation at 254 nm achieved degradation percentages close to 100% in 30 minutes for PCBs in solution, both with FT800 (98%) and LAS (97%) surfactants.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and after interferon therapy (2003)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the result of an autoimmune process characterized by pancreatic beta cell destruction. It has been reported that chronic hepatitis C infection is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not with type 1. Although the prevalence of markers of pancreatic autoimmunity in hepatitis C virus-positive patients is not significantly different to that reported in the general population, it increases during alpha-interferon therapy from 3 to 7%, probably due to the immunostimulatory effects of this cytokine. To date, 31 case reports of type 1 diabetes mellitus related to interferon treatment have been published. Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs more frequently in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C than for other conditions and is irreversible in most cases. In 50% of these patients, markers of pancreatic autoimmunity predated treatment, the majority of cases having a genetic predisposition. Thus, in predisposed individuals, alpha-interferon can either induce or accelerate a diabetogenic process already underway. We suggest that islet cell autoantibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies should be investigated before and during interferon treatment in order to identify subjects at high risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF ATLANTA (2002)

IMPLEMENTATION OF A COMPUTERIZED MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE CITY OF ATLANTAThis paper describes the activities performed to implement a Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) at three water reclamation centers (WRCs), seven combined sewer overflow (CSO) treatment facilities, and fourteen pump stations for the City of Atlanta. The City of Atlanta was under a Consent Decree to install and implement a maintenance management system for the R.M. Clayton, Utoy...Author(s)Samuel O. Atere-RobertsScott A. BashSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 01: Asset ManagementDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Jan, 2002ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20020101)2002:4L.34;1-DOI10.2175/193864702785301826Volume / Issue2002 / 4Content sourceUtility Management ConferenceFirst / last page(s)34 - 44Copyright2002Word count193
Casein Kinase 1δ/ε Inhibitor, PF670462 Attenuates the Fibrogenic Effects of Transforming Growth Factor-β in Pulmonary Fibrosis (2018)

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a major mediator of fibrotic diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, therapeutic global inhibition of TGF-β is limited by unwanted immunosuppression and mitral valve defects. We performed an extensive literature search to uncover a little-known connection between TGF-β signaling and casein kinase (CK) activity. We have examined the abundance of CK1 delta and epsilon (CK1δ/ε) in lung tissue from IPF patients and non-diseased controls, and investigated whether inhibition of CK1δ/ε with PF670462 inhibits pulmonary fibrosis. CK1δ/ε levels in lung tissue from IPF patients and non-diseased controls were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Anti-fibrotic effects of the CK1δ/ε inhibitor PF670462 were assessed in pre-clinical models, including acute and chronic bleomycin mouse models and <i>in vitro</i> experiments on spheroids made from primary human lung fibroblast cells from IPF and control donors, and human A549 alveolar-like adenocarcinoma-derived epithelial cells. Increased expression of CK1δ and ε in IPF lungs compared to non-diseased controls was accompanied by increased levels of the product, phospho-period 2. <i>In vitro</i>, PF670462 prevented TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The stiffness of IPF-derived spheroids was reduced by PF670462 and TGF-β-induced fibrogenic gene expression was inhibited. The CK1δ/ε inhibitor PF670462 administered systemically or locally by inhalation prevented both acute and chronic bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. PF670462 administered in a 'therapeutic' regimen (day 7 onward) prevented bleomycin-induced lung collagen accumulation. Elevated expression and activity of CK1 δ and ε in IPF and anti-fibrogenic effects of the dual CK1δ/ε inhibitor, PF670462, support CK1δ/ε as novel therapeutic targets for IPF.
The Use of Dielectric Elastomer Actuators for Prosthetic, Orthotic and Bio-Robotic Applications (2018)

To characterize dielectric elastomer (DE) mechanically & electrically, several standard experimental tests like uniaxial tensile test, uniaxial compression test, and electrically actuated strain test on a commercially available acrylic dielectric elastomer film have been conducted. To characterize this visco-elastic material electro-mechanically, the uniaxial tensile (different stretch rates) test, and uniaxial compression test were performed on the Universal Testing Machine (UTM), whereas electrical actuation test has been conducted through a DC to high voltage DC convertor used to scaled-up the input voltage from 0-5 V to output of 0-10 kV. It is noticed that the ability of DE film to sustain the maximum load increases thereby increases the induced stresses also from their individual peak values from 0.16 N/mm2 to 0.35 N/mm2 by increasing the strain rate from 100 mm/min to 400 mm/min respectively. Results of tests have been discussed and compared with observations of various researches on skeletal muscles and suggested some recommendations on material selection for futuristic approach for mimicking skeletal muscle behaviour for bio-robotic applications made of this material.
The Core / Rim Structure in Cobalt / Tungsten Carbide Nanocomposite Powder (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Korea’s Horizontal and Vertical Intra-Industry Trade and FDI in Trade with East Asian Countries (2007)

This paper examines Korea's intra-industry trade (IIT) by disentangling vertical from horizontal IIT, and analyzes the determinants of both IIT types in trade with East Asian countries during the period of 1991-2005. Korea's IIT with East Asian countries has increased rapidly, especially its high quality IIT, which has increased faster than horizontal IIT and low quality IIT, implying that Korea's product quality has improved over time. Korea's high quality IIT is larger in trade with developing countries, but its low quality IIT is larger in trade with Japan. The regression results show that the income differences between countries have a negative effect on horizontal IIT, and that Korea's high quality IIT becomes larger when Korea's income is higher than the income of partner countries. This supports the theory of IIT. Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow has had a positive effect on increases in IIT, but the effects of FDI outflow are not certain. This suggests a policy implication that FDI inflow has a more positive effect on IIT than FDI outflow.