gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virtual Restoration of Ancient Chinese Paintings Using Color Contrast Enhancement and Lacuna Texture Synthesis (2004)

This work presents a novel algorithm using color contrast enhancement and lacuna texture synthesis is proposed for the virtual restoration of ancient Chinese paintings. Color contrast enhancement based on saturation and de-saturation is performed in the u'v'Y color space, to change the saturation value in the chromaticity diagram, and adaptive histogram equalization then is adopted to adjust the luminance component. Additionally, this work presents a new patching method using the Markov Random Field (MRF) model of texture synthesis. Eliminating undesirable aged painting patterns, such as stains, crevices, and artifacts, and then filling the lacuna regions with the appropriate textures is simple and efficient. The synthesization procedure integrates three key approaches, weighted mask, annular scan and auxiliary, with neighborhood searching. These approaches can maintain a complete shape and prevent edge disconnection in the final results. Moreover, the boundary between original and synthesized paintings is seamless, and unable to distinguish in which the undesirable pattern appears.
Development of a biophysical model for vestibular prosthesis research (2003)

Physiologic properties of primary vestibular neurons are compared and contrasted with properties of primary auditory neurons. The differences and similarities suggest possible coding strategies for a vestibular implant. The degree of spike rate variability, or coefficient of variation (CV), is a prominent physiological property of vestibular neurons with undetermined functional significance. At the very least, CV is highly correlated with threshold to electrical stimulation in the intact vestibular labyrinth. If CV is also important for vestibular coding, then electrical stimulation strategies should be designed to restore relatively physiologic patterns of CV. Simulations using a stochastic model of primary afferent vestibular neurons reveal that this should be possible using combinations of low and high-rate pulsatile stimulation. They also demonstrate that differences in the number and independence of synaptic inputs can significantly affect CV.
Eptitaktische Schichten: Neue Strukturen und Phasenübergänge (1995)

ZusammenfassungUnter Epitaxie versteht man die geordnete, orientierte Verwachsung von zwei Kristallen. An der Berührungs- oder Grenzfläche stehen die Netzebenen beider Kristalle in einem rationalen, symmetrischen Verhältnis zueinander. In der Natur beobachtet man epitaktisches Verwachsen besonders häufig bei den kubischen Kristallen Steinsalz, Pyrit, Bleiglanz und Kalziumfluorit. Die Verwachsung von chemisch oder strukturell gleichen Kristallen wird als Homoepitaxie bezeichnet, die Verwachsung verschiedener Kristalle als Heteroepitaxie. Statt naturgewachsener Kristalle werden in der modernen Festkörperphysik fast ausschließlich künstlich gezogene, hochreine Einkristalle ohne Zwillingsbildung verwendet. Diese werden mit Impflingen aus der Schmelze gezogen, wobei der Impfling als kleiner perfekter Einkristall das Wachstum eines größeren Kristalls in vorgegebener Orientierung durch Homoepitaxie induziert. Eine schematische Darstellung der zwei gebräuchlichsten Methoden des Kristallwachstums ist in Abb. 1 wiedergegeben.
A New and Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Dehydroamino Acids Starting from Ethyl <i>N</i>-Boc- and <i>N</i>-<i>Z</i>-<i>α</i>-Tosylglycinates and Various Nitro Compounds (2000)

Abstract Ethyl N-Boc- and N-Z-α-tosylglycinates, which were readily available from t-butyl or benzyl carbamate, ethyl glyoxylate, and sodium p-toluenesulfinate in formic acid, were reacted with a variety of nitro compounds in the presence of a base to afford the corresponding α,β-didehydroamino acid derivatives in good yields. Eventually, it was found that the (Z)-isomer was predominantly formed in the present method.
Nanowire systems: technology and design (2014)

Abstract Nanosystems are large-scale integrated systems exploiting nanoelectronic devices. In this study, we consider double independent gate, vertically stacked nanowire field effect transistors (FETs) with gate-all-around structures and typical diameter of 20 nm. These devices, which we have successfully fabricated and evaluated, control the ambipolar behaviour of the nanostructure by selectively enabling one type of carriers. These transistors work as switches with electrically programmable polarity and thus realize an exclusive or operation. The intrinsic higher expressive power of these FETs, when compared with standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology, enables us to realize more efficient logic gates, which we organize as tiles to realize nanowire systems by regular arrays. This article surveys both the technology for double independent gate FETs as well as physical and logic design tools to realize digital systems with this fabrication technology.
S-band LMS propagation channel behaviour for different environments, degrees of shadowing and elevation angles (1998)

Experimental land mobile satellite (LMS) propagation data have been processed in order to characterise the behaviour of this channel under narrow-band transmission conditions for different environments, degrees of shadowing and elevation angles. Measurements were carried out at S-band. The transmitter was located on a small plane flying parallel to the road with elevations ranging from 40/spl deg/ to 80/spl deg/. For the analysis of the received amplitude series, they were classified for each environment and elevation angle, into three different states according to the degree of shadowing experienced. This was done in order to develop a Markov chain based propagation simulator. The global (slow+fast) signal variations within each state are modelled using the Loo distribution (Rice+log-normal). Average distribution parameter values for each state, elevation angle and environment type are reported. The average state probabilities, slow variations' correlation lengths and other parameters are also presented. Finally, a software implementation is described based on a Markov chain+Loo distribution model that is capable of reproducing the complex envelope variations in the received signal due to shadowing and multipath.
A Single Amino Acid Difference between α and β Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase Kinase Dictates Sensitivity to the Specific Inhibitor, STO-609 (2003)

We recently developed STO-609, a selective inhibitor of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK), and we demonstrated that CaM-KK beta is more sensitive to STO-609 than the CaM-KK alpha isoform (Tokumitsu H., Inuzuka H., Ishikawa Y., Ikeda M., Saji I., and Kobayashi R. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 15813-15818). By using catalytic chimera and point mutants of both isoforms, we demonstrated that Val(269) in CaM-KK beta/Leu(233) in CaM-KK alpha confers a distinct sensitivity ( approximately 10-fold) to STO-609 on CaM-KK isoforms. Various mutations of Val(269) in CaM-KK beta indicate that substitution by hydrophobic residues with bulky side chains significantly decreases drug sensitivity and that the V269F mutant is the most effective drug-resistant enzyme ( approximately 80-fold higher IC(50) value). These findings are consistent with a result obtained with a full-length mutant expressed in COS-7 cells. Furthermore, suppression of CaM-KK-mediated CaM-KIV activation in transfected HeLa cells by STO-609 treatment was completely abolished by the co-expression of the CaM-KK beta V269F mutant. Based on the results that the distinct sensitivity of CaM-KK isoforms to STO-609 is because of a single amino acid substitution (Val/Leu) in the ATP-binding pocket, we have generated an STO-609-resistant CaM-KK mutant, which might be useful for validating the pharmacological effects and specificity of STO-609 in vivo.
Silver Nanoparticles with Broad Multiband Linear Optical Absorption (2009)

Eine simple Eintopfmethode liefert mit Arylthiolen beschichtete Silber-Nanopartikel mit intensiven, breiten nicht-plasmonischen optischen Eigenschaften. Die Synthese gelingt mit mehreren Arylthiolliganden, einschließlich wasserlöslicher 4-Mercaptobenzoesäure. Die Nanopartikel zeigen eine lineare Absorption, die breiter, stärker und strukturierter ist als bei den meisten konventionellen organischen und anorganischen Farbstoffen.
Open and shut: Crystal structures of the dodecylmaltoside solubilized mechanosensitive channel of small conductance from <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> at 4.4 Å and 4.1 Å resolutions (2013)

The mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (MscS) contributes to the survival of bacteria during osmotic downshock by transiently opening large diameter pores for the efflux of cellular contents before the membrane ruptures. Two crystal structures of the Escherichia coli MscS are currently available, the wild type protein in a nonconducting state at 3.7 Å resolution (Bass et al., Science 2002; 298:1582-1587) and the Ala106Val variant in an open state at 3.45 Å resolution (Wang et al., Science 2008; 321:1179-1183). Both structures used protein solubilized in the detergent fos-choline-14. We report here crystal structures of MscS from E. coli and Helicobacter pylori solubilized in the detergent β-dodecylmaltoside at resolutions of 4.4 and 4.2 Å, respectively. While the cytoplasmic domains are unchanged in these structures, distinct conformations of the transmembrane domains are observed. Intriguingly, β-dodecylmaltoside solubilized wild type E. coli MscS adopts the open state structure of A106V E. coli MscS, while H. pylori MscS resembles the nonconducting state structure observed for fos-choline-14 solubilized E. coli MscS. These results highlight the sensitivity of membrane protein conformational equilibria to variations in detergent, crystallization conditions, and protein sequence.
Synthesis and reactions of some 8-substituted purine nucleosides (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and reactions of some 8-substituted purine nucleosidesElmer J. Reist, Dianne F. Calkins, Linda V. Fisher, and Leon GoodmanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 4, 1600–1603Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01268a064https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01268a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views187Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Subcellular Trafficking of Growth Hormone Receptor and Jak2 under Ligand Exposure (2003)

In CHO cells, growth hormone stimulation induces a rapid degradation of mature and precursor forms of its receptor, but does not affect Jak2 concentration. Confocal analysis of the receptor and of specific markers for subcellular localization shows that ligand exposure induced the disappearance of cell surface receptors, while some receptors seem to be sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in the Golgi apparatus. Using a tagged version of Jak2 (HA-Jak2) and double immuno-fluorescence analysis with anti-HA and anti-Stat5 antibodies, we demonstrate that ligand stimulation induces Stat5 nuclear accumulation while Jak2 remains localized in the cytoplasm. Immunoblots of nuclear extracts confirm the Jak2 nuclear exclusion.
Mobile Phone Based Health Care Technology (2009)

According to the World Health Organization reports, chronic diseases are by far the leading cause of mortality in the world, which places an ever enormous strain on the worlds healthcare industry. At the same time, mobile phones have been gradually adopted for solving some tough health care issues which are hard to tackle otherwise from conventional medical strategies. Since mobile phone is a most easily available electronic device which supports a variety of technical functions for human daily activities, efforts are being made to dig out its roles in the delivery of healthcare services and the promotion of personal health. At the present stage, application of mobile phone in health care is a combination of sensor and communicating technology. In this article, some most typical technical approaches leading to several patented health care mobile phone are outlined and digested. They include but are not limited to mobile phones combined or integrated with sensors, modified with additional functions, such as stethoscope, etc. Future prospects along this direction will be discussed. Keywords: Mobile phone, health care, wearable medical device, low cost medicine
Critical Energy of Direct Detonation Initiation in Gaseous Mixtures (1991)

Minimal energies of direct plane detonation initiation in various fuel/air mixtures were measured in tubes. Plane-detonation waves were initiated by explosion of either condensed high explosives or an acetylene/oxygen mixture. A correlation is found between the initiation energies for plane and spherical detonation waves that corresponds to the wellknown dependence of minimal initiation energy on the reaction time, ^OCT', where / is the index of symmetry. The energy of detonation initiation by gaseous explosive is higher than that by condensed explosive. A semi-empiric formula is suggested for estimating the critical detonation initiation energy of charges of any geometry on the basis of measured critical diameters for detonation transition from a tube to an unconfined volume. The formula agrees fairly well with the available experimental data.
Learning a Health Knowledge Graph from Electronic Medical Records (2017)

Demand for clinical decision support systems in medicine and self-diagnostic symptom checkers has substantially increased in recent years. Existing platforms rely on knowledge bases manually compiled through a labor-intensive process or automatically derived using simple pairwise statistics. This study explored an automated process to learn high quality knowledge bases linking diseases and symptoms directly from electronic medical records. Medical concepts were extracted from 273,174 de-identified patient records and maximum likelihood estimation of three probabilistic models was used to automatically construct knowledge graphs: logistic regression, naive Bayes classifier and a Bayesian network using noisy OR gates. A graph of disease-symptom relationships was elicited from the learned parameters and the constructed knowledge graphs were evaluated and validated, with permission, against Google's manually-constructed knowledge graph and against expert physician opinions. Our study shows that direct and automated construction of high quality health knowledge graphs from medical records using rudimentary concept extraction is feasible. The noisy OR model produces a high quality knowledge graph reaching precision of 0.85 for a recall of 0.6 in the clinical evaluation. Noisy OR significantly outperforms all tested models across evaluation frameworks (p < 0.01).
Implementing the Patient Self-Determination Act. (1992)

On December 1, 1991, the federal Patient Self-Determination Act became effective. The Act's purpose is to ensure that a patient's right to direct his or her own health care decision making is maintained. This article discusses the requirements of the Act, summarizes the interim rules promulgated to implement the Act's provisions, and assesses the soundness of the Act.
Raman amplification in 14–15-μm spectral region in polarization-preserving optical fibers (1985)

Saturation characteristics, polarization, and wavelength dependences of the stimulated Raman gain in polarization-preserving fibers have been studied to construct an active transmission line. In a backward-pump configuration, a Raman gain coefficient of 1.1 × 10−11 cm/W and a gain as high as 25 dB have been attained with a combination of a 1.34-μm pump and a 1.42-μm signal pulse, where the pump power is 35 W and the interaction length is 100 m. A 3-dB Raman gain at 1.51 μm has also been obtained under the same conditions. It was also found that there is a nonlinear polarization mode coupling that couples the vertical axis to the pump axis. This type of nonlinear coupling seems to be large when the linear mode-coupling coefficient of the fiber is large.
Metabolic shifts toward glutamine regulate tumor growth, invasion and bioenergetics in ovarian cancer (2014)

Glutamine can play a critical role in cellular growth in multiple cancers. Glutamine-addicted cancer cells are dependent on glutamine for viability, and their metabolism is reprogrammed for glutamine utilization through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Here, we have uncovered a missing link between cancer invasiveness and glutamine dependence. Using isotope tracer and bioenergetic analysis, we found that low-invasive ovarian cancer (OVCA) cells are glutamine independent, whereas high-invasive OVCA cells are markedly glutamine dependent. Consistent with our findings, OVCA patients' microarray data suggest that glutaminolysis correlates with poor survival. Notably, the ratio of gene expression associated with glutamine anabolism versus catabolism has emerged as a novel biomarker for patient prognosis. Significantly, we found that glutamine regulates the activation of STAT3, a mediator of signaling pathways which regulates cancer hallmarks in invasive OVCA cells. Our findings suggest that a combined approach of targeting high-invasive OVCA cells by blocking glutamine's entry into the TCA cycle, along with targeting low-invasive OVCA cells by inhibiting glutamine synthesis and STAT3 may lead to potential therapeutic approaches for treating OVCAs.
<em>Fruits of Their Labors</em> Digital Collection: A Case Study (2020)

University folklore archives are expanding collections through cultural documentation projects run by students and community members. These new collections are a rich source of potential digital content. Bringing these collections online requires keeping the research audience in mind with thoughtful processing, modernizing traditional folklore archives description techniques, and working collaboratively with multiple library departments. The end results include expanded holdings and new digital resources for local historians.
Characterization of a stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP) with peroxidase activity found in rat hepatic stellate cells. (2001)

Page 25319, Fig. 1: The cDNA sequence in Fig. 1 C was incorrect. The correct figure is shown following. This change does not affect the conclusions of this paper.
Optoelectronics of Single Carbon Nanotubes (2007)

CNTs are one-dimensional materials with unique properties that make them ideal for applications in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Particularly strong emphasis has been placed on carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs). In these devices a semiconducting, single-walled, nanotube molecule replaces silicon as the transistor "channel." CNTFETs with thick gate dielectrics tend to be unipolar p-type devices. Upon scaling of the oxide thickness, however, the Schottky barriers present at both source and drain are screened by the gate and become sufficiently thin to allow the simultaneous injection of electrons and holes from opposite ends of the CNT channel, i.e. the transistor becomes ambipolar (a-CNTFET).
Model-based matching using a hybrid genetic algorithm (2002)

This paper describes a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) for model-based matching of observed scenes that are noisy, where only a small fraction of the scene features are expected to correspond to the model features. The problem of finding the match is framed within a hypothesize-and-test paradigm and the HGA, with a representation size minimum description length evaluation function, is formulated as the method to search for the match. Unlike most genetic algorithms, the HGA introduced is based on an integer representation with a position based recombination operator. An assignment operator, also used as a reproduction operator, introduces domain-specific constraints and defines the hybrid nature of the algorithm. Results for models and scenes derived from images of occluded and cluttered environments are described. The results show the HGA to be an efficient search technique and the related matching technique to be robust in a variety of cases.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
(Z)-Heptadec-8-enylboronic acid: a potential lipase inhibitor (1995)

(Z)-Heptadec-8-enylboronic acid, a potential lipase inhibitor that is isosteric with oleic acid, and that is unexpectedly sensitive to aerial oxidation, has been prepared in 23% overall yield from dec-1-yne and 7-bromoheptanol. Disappointingly, the target compound proved inactive under conditions where lipase inhibition would have been expected.
The Eighth Dialog System Technology Challenge (2019)

This paper introduces the Eighth Dialog System Technology Challenge. In line with recent challenges, the eighth edition focuses on applying end-to-end dialog technologies in a pragmatic way for multi-domain task-completion, noetic response selection, audio visual scene-aware dialog, and schema-guided dialog state tracking tasks. This paper describes the task definition, provided datasets, and evaluation set-up for each track. We also summarize the results of the submitted systems to highlight the overall trends of the state-of-the-art technologies for the tasks.
Salivary Mucin MUC5B Could Be an Important Component of in Vitro Pellicles of Human Saliva:  An in Situ Ellipsometry and Atomic Force Microscopy Study (2007)

This paper describes a combined investigation of the salivary and MUC5B films structure and topography in conditions similar to those found in the oral cavity in terms of ionic strength, pH, and protein concentration. AFM and ellipsometry were successfully used to give a detailed picture of the film structure and topography both on hydrophilic and on hydrophobic substrata. Regardless of the substrata, the salivary film can be described as having a two sublayer structure in which an inner dense layer is decorated by large aggregates. However, the shape and height of these larger aggregates largely depend on the type of substrata used. Additionally, we show that the adsorption of MUC5B is controlled by the type of substrata and the MUC5B film topography is similar to that of the larger aggregates present in the salivary films, especially on hydrophobic substrates. Therefore, we conclude that MUC5B is a major component in the salivary film when formed on hydrophobic substrates. Furthermore, we studied how resistant the salivary and MUC5B films are against elutability by buffer rinsing and addition of SDS solution. We conclude that the adsorbed proteins contain fractions with varying binding strengths to the two types of surfaces. Specifically, we have shown that the large MUC5B biomacromolecules on the hydrophobic substrates are especially resistant to both elution with buffer solution and SDS. Therefore, these large mucins can be responsible for the increased resistance of HWS films on hydrophobic substrates and can protect the intraoral surfaces against surface-active components present in oral health care products.