gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of a potential receptor for the H-blood-group antigen on rat colon-carcinoma cells and normal tissues (1998)

Up-regulation of the synthesis of carbohydrate tumor-associated antigens terminated by the disaccharide Fucalpha1-2Gal is frequent in colon carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis. There is evidence that Fucalpha1-2Gal (H-disaccharide) structures increase cancer-cell motility and tumorigenicity by as-yet unknown mechanisms. Using polyacrylamide-based neoglycoconjugates, we looked for a potential receptor for this disaccharide, and observed that a neoglycoconjugate probe containing the H-disaccharide could bind rat colon-carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas very little binding was evidenced when a probe containing glucose was used. Binding of the H-disaccharide probe could be inhibited by the free H-disaccharide as well as by unlabeled neoglycoconjugates containing a terminal H-disaccharide. The best inhibitor was the H-type-1 trisaccharide neoglycoconjugate. Histochemical detection of the potential H-receptor was performed on rat normal tissues and in situ 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinomas. A strong binding of the H-disaccharide probe was evidenced on most tumors that could be partly inhibited by the trisaccharide Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4Glc and by the unlabeled H-disaccharide neoglycoconjugate, indicating carbohydrate specificity of the binding. Staining of normal colonic mucosa was much weaker. Strong staining was also observed on some normal tissues, such as the spleen or lymph nodes, while others, such as lungs or liver, were negative. Probes containing glucose or the Lewis-a trisaccharide did not stain tumors or normal tissues. These results provide preliminary evidence for the existence of H-specific binding sites, the number of which increases in colon carcinoma.
Self-Assembled Sandwich-like MXene-Derived Nanocomposites for Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption (2018)

Sandwich-like MXene/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and C/TiO<sub>2</sub>/α-Fe two-dimensional (2D) nanocomposites were fabricated via in situ hydrothermal assembly of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles on MXene nanosheets and postannealing. The as-prepared sandwich-like MXene/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites contain uniformly distributed Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles between the interlayers of the 2D MXene Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T <sub>x</sub> nanoflakes. The redox reaction, Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T <sub>x</sub> + Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> → 3TiO<sub>2</sub> + 2C + 3Fe, has also been reported for the first time to transform the binary MXene/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites into ternary C/TiO<sub>2</sub>/α-Fe nanocomposites with the 2D structure maintained intact. Such a transition during postannealing gives rise to further enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption compared with that of the MXene/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites on top of the already improved performance of the MXene/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> compared with that of pristine MXene. The 2D C/TiO<sub>2</sub>/α-Fe nanocomposites exhibit effective absorption bandwidths of 3.3 and 3.5 GHz at thicknesses of 1 and 1.5 mm, respectively. This work offers a new route for fabricating novel electromagnetic wave absorbers, and the fine balance among lightweight, broad band, and small thickness of the C/TiO<sub>2</sub>/α-Fe nanocomposites makes them promising in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption.
The Dangers of Verify PIN on Contactless Cards (2012)

Contactless / Near Field Communication (NFC) card payments are being introduced around the world, allowing customers to use a card to pay for small purchases by simply placing the card onto the Point of Sale terminal. Although the terminal needs to be able to verify a PIN, it is not clear if such PIN verification features should be available on the NFC card itself. We show that contactless Visa payment cards have (largely redundant) functionality, Verify PIN, which makes them vulnerable to new forms of wireless attack. Based on careful examination of the Europay, MasterCard and Visa (EMV) protocol and experiments with the Visa fast Dynamic Data Authentication transaction protocol, we provide a set of building blocks for possible attacks. These building blocks are data skimming, Verify PIN and transaction relay, which we implement and experiment with. Based on these building blocks, we propose a number of realistic attacks, including a denial-of-service attack and a newly developed realistic PIN guessing attack. The conclusion of our work is that implementing Verify PIN functionality on NFC cards has no demonstrated benefits and opens up new avenues of attack.
Displaying Trace Files (1996)

Computers generate trace files containing reports on system performance, status and faults. To analyze these trace files more efficiently, we have developed a graphical technique embodied in an interactive system for displaying large trace files. Our system uses abstraction, color, aggregation, filtering, interaction, and a drill-down capability to find patterns among the reports. We apply our system and technique to analyze command accounting trace files from a Unix compute server, showing what commands were executed, by which users, when, and how long the commands ran. We identify resource intensive commands, sequences of commands initiated by a compilations, and commands run with super-user permissions.
Shift Window Based Framework for Emotional Change Detection of Speech (2009)

Compared with single emotion recognition, the emotional change detection of speech has greater practical values. However, there are only few researches on this subject at present. This paper presented a basic framework for emotional change detection. Firstly, the smoothing strategy was adopted and the effect of smoothing width was also investigated to improve the correct detection rate. Then four different smoothing functions were compared and that utilizing the mean value smoothing was considered as the elementary detection method. Finally, how window width and shift step affect the correct detection rate was analyzed and time precision of elementary method was evaluated. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed framework is feasible and effective.
Effects of pressure-dependent segmental arterial compliance and postural changes on pulse wave transmission in an arterial model of the human upper limb (2011)

With increasing interest in the effect of postural changes on arterial blood pressure and vascular properties, it is important to understand effects of pressure-dependent arterial compliance. This study investigates effects of pressure-dependent compliance on pulse wave velocity (PWVar), pressure wave shape, and transmission characteristics in an arterial model of the human arm from heart to radial artery from supine to standing. Estimated central pressure waveform was used as the input for the model, calculated using a validated transfer function (SphygmoCor, AtCor Medical) from recorded radial pulses in 10 healthy male subjects (53.8 ± 7.9 years) during 0, 30, 60 and 90 degree head-up tilt. A 5-segment linear model was optimized using estimated central and recorded radial arterial pulse; each segment represented by an equivalent inductance, resistance and capacitance (compliance (C)) Pressure-dependent compliance (C(P)=a · e(b · P) was added to develop a nonlinear model, and the radial pulse calculated. Comparison of the radial pulse calculated by the linear and nonlinear models showed no statistical difference in systolic, diastolic, mean, and pulse pressure in any position of tilt. However, waveform shape was increasingly divergent at higher angles of tilt (RMS error 2.3 ± 1.2 mmHg supine, 6.5 ± 3.0 mmHg standing) as was PWVar (0% increase from supine to standing in the linear model, 16.7% increase in nonlinear model). Fourier analysis demonstrated peak amplitude of transmission being at higher frequencies and phase delay being lower in the nonlinear model relative to the linear model. Pressure-dependent arterial compliance, whilst having no effect on peak values of pressure, has significant effects on waveform shape and transmission speed, especially with a more upright position.
Tunable quarter-wave plate for determining light wavelength (2009)

In order to assess the possibility of using a tunable quarter-wave plate for determining light wavelength, we have studied the propagation of coherent and incoherent light through a system consisting of two identical birefringent (mica) crystals with various parameters and determined the adjustable mutual rotation angle as a function of the light wavelength. The principal possibility of determining a change in the wavelength of coherent light to within 0.03 nm in a 3 nm range is demonstrated.
An enhanced Fishervoice subspace framework for text-independent speaker verification (2010)

In this paper, we propose an enhancement to Fishervoice approach [6] for speaker verification. In this framework, we first represent each utterance with a fix-length super-vector using Joint Factor Analysis (JFA) Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). Multiple discriminant projections are then used on partitioned vectors of the super-vector for fast and effective matching. Experiments are presented on the core test of NIST SRE 2008 male corpora. We achieve 10.3% relative improvement on EER compared to the state-of-art JFA. Finally, by integrating the enhanced Fishervoice model and the JFA, the matching performance can be further improved. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
CMOS and BiCMOS Regenerative Logic Circuits (2012)

Schmitt triggers with standard CMOS logic circuits are described, first. Mathematical models for calculating basic parameters and their limits are presented. Most of the chapter is dedicated to different solutions for CMOS and BiCMOS Schmitt logic circuits in monolithic integrated circuits. Two types of inverters with entirely different topologies are described. Also, solutions for Schmitt triggers with voltage-controlled thresholds are described. Beside inverters, NAND and NOR Schmitt logic circuits are analyzed. Basic circuit is inverted Schmitt trigger with three pairs of CMOS transistors. Expansion of the number of inputs is reached in a similar way as in standard CMOS and BiCMOS logic circuits. It is shown that voltage transfer characteristics depend, beside voltage supply and parameters of transistors, on the number of logical circuits' inputs. NAND and NOR Schmitt circuits, in which voltage hysteresis in transfer characteristic is generated only through one input, are also described. Analytic models and SPICE simulations are used for analysis of static and dynamic parameters and conditions for work stability and reliability. Areas of reliability, influence of technology and electrical parameters of transistors and their limits are analyzed. Concerning the field of application, in literature there are different solutions of Schmitt triggers (
Topic segmentation of message hierarchies for indexing and navigation support (2005)

Message hierarchies in web discussion boards grow with new postings. Threads of messages evolve as new postings focus within or diverge from the original themes of the threads. Thus, just by investigating the subject headings or contents of earlier postings in a message thread, one may not be able to guess the contents of the later postings. The resulting navigation problem is further compounded for blind users who need the help of a screen reader program that can provide only a linear representation of the content. We see that, in order to overcome the navigation obstacle for blind as well as sighted users, it is essential to develop techniques that help identify how the content of a discussion board grows through generalizations and specializations of topics. This knowledge can be used in segmenting the content in coherent units and guiding the users through segments relevant to their navigational goals. Our experimental results showed that the segmentation algorithm described in this paper provides up to 80-85% success rate in labeling messages. The algorithm is being deployed in a software system to reduce the navigational load of blind students in accessing web-based electronic course materials; however, we note that the techniques are equally applicable for developing web indexing and summarization tools for users with sight.
Transfer of human chromosome 3 to an ovarian carcinoma cell line identifies three regions on 3p involved in ovarian cancer. (1994)

The molecular pathogenesis of ovarian carcinoma involves altered expression of growth factors, activation of oncogenes and loss of tumor suppressor genes. Loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 3p, 6q, 11p, 17 and 18q was reported as a significant alteration in ovarian cancer. However, no functional proof has been provided of tumor suppressor activity located in these chromosomal regions. We therefore introduced normal human chromosomes 3 and 11 into an ovarian carcinoma cell line by microcell mediated chromosome transfer. Transfer of chromosome 3 induced senescence and growth arrest as well as suppression of tumorigenicity. Tumors induced by chromosome 3 monochromosomic hybrids consistently lost three small regions on 3p, two of which located in 3p23-24.2 and one located in 3p21.1-21.2, suggesting that these chromosomal regions are important for suppression of tumorigenicity of ovarian carcinoma cells. Transfer of chromosome 11 reduced the in vitro growth properties of ovarian cancer cells but did not significantly affect tumorigenicity. These results provide functional evidence for chromosome 3 tumor suppressor activity in ovarian cancer and define the chromosomal regions on 3p involved in the pathogenesis of this tumor. This experimental system, based on functional effects, may be useful for further delimitation and isolation of critical regions on 3p involved in tumor suppression.
Epac Regulates UT-A1 to Increase Urea Transport in Inner Medullary Collecting Ducts (2009)

Urea plays a critical role in the concentration of urine, thereby regulating water balance. Vasopressin, acting through cAMP, stimulates urea transport across rat terminal inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD) by increasing the phosphorylation and accumulation at the apical plasma membrane of UT-A1. In addition to acting through protein kinase A (PKA), cAMP also activates Epac (exchange protein activated by cAMP). In this study, we tested whether the regulation of urea transport and UT-A1 transporter activity involve Epac in rat IMCD. Functional analysis showed that an Epac activator significantly increased urea permeability in isolated, perfused rat terminal IMCD. Similarly, stimulating Epac by adding forskolin and an inhibitor of PKA significantly increased urea permeability. Incubation of rat IMCD suspensions with the Epac activator significantly increased UT-A1 phosphorylation and its accumulation in the plasma membrane. Furthermore, forskolin-stimulated cAMP significantly increased ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, which was not prevented by inhibiting PKA, indicating that Epac mediated this phosphorylation of ERK 1/2. Inhibition of MEK 1/2 phosphorylation decreased the forskolin-stimulated UT-A1 phosphorylation. Taken together, activation of Epac increases urea transport, accumulation of UT-A1 at the plasma membrane, and UT-A1 phosphorylation, the latter of which is mediated by the MEK-ERK pathway.
Temperature monitoring in selective laser sintering/melting (2010)

The optical systems for temperature monitoring of SLS/SLM process are developed and integrated with industrial SLS/SLM machines. The system provides the possibility to spatial distribution of brightness temperature at two wavelengths and selected temperature profiles, calculation of colour temperature and express analysis of possible deviations of the maximum temperature from its optimal value. Optimal regimes of SLS process for the sintering of the high porosity powder body was determined.
Putting bar codes to work for improved patient care. (1991)

Healthcare bar code applications have developed more slowly than industrial or supermarket bar codes, but they are beginning to gain acceptance. Clinical laboratories that use bar code systems have already improved productivity and, more importantly, patient care through reduction of human clerical errors in identifying laboratory samples. Soon, integration of proven technology should expand the benefits of automatic ID to a broader range of healthcare applications.
Coronary Artery Calcium: A Multi-institutional, Multimanufacturer International Standard for Quantification at Cardiac CT (2007)

Standardized quantification of CAC yielded comparable image noise, spatial resolution, and mass scores among different patient sizes and different CT systems and facilitated reduced radiation dose for small and medium-size patients.
Phase I study of the anti-CD74 monoclonal antibody milatuzumab (hLL1) in patients with previously treated B-cell lymphomas (2015)

Milatuzumab (hLL1), a humanized anti-CD74 monoclonal antibody, has activity in preclinical non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) models. We conducted a phase 1 trial in previously treated B-cell malignancies. Dose escalation included four planned dose levels (1.5, 4, 6 and 8 mg/kg) with milatuzumab given twice weekly for 6 weeks. After dose level 1, the schedule was changed to daily (Monday-Friday) for 10 days. Twenty-two patients were treated. The most common possibly related toxicities were infusion reaction, anemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Three patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity (neutropenia, neutropenia, rash) at dose levels 1, 2 and 4, respectively. Eight patients had stable disease, with no objective responses. The serum half-life of milatuzumab was ∼2 h. In seven patients, In-111 imaging showed no clear evidence of tumor targeting. The short half-life may reflect CD74 rapid internalization and presence on extratumoral tissues; this antigen sink must be overcome to capitalize on the promising preclinical activity of the drug.
5′-Cholesteryl-phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides: potent inhibition of methotrexate transport and antagonism of methotrexate toxicity in cells containing the reduced-folate carrier (1995)

Polyanionic 5'-cholesteryl-phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides of varying polymer length and nucleobase composition were examined for an effect on methotrexate transport via the reduced-folate carrier of L1210 mouse cells. Methotrexate transport was inhibited by each of the oligodeoxynucleotide analogs tested. Inhibition was most pronounced (IC50 = 0.21 microM, standard assay) for a 5'-cholesteryl heteropolymer consisting of 15 phosphorothioate deoxynucleotides with alternating deoxycytosine and deoxyadenosine (Chol-PS-d(CA)7C). Homopolymers with 15 deoxycytosine (Chol-PS-dC15) or deoxythymidine (Chol-PS-dT15) residues were approximately 2-fold less inhibitory than Chol-PS-d(CA)7C. The relative potency of transport inhibition by deoxycytosine oligomers of varying length was: Chol-PS-dC5 > Chol-PS-dC15 > Chol-PS-dC28 > Chol-PS-dC3. Substantial inhibition was retained in cells preincubated with inhibitors and washed prior to transport determinations and the inhibitor sensitivity could be increased substantially by reducing the concentration of cells. Mixed competitive and non-competitive inhibition was observed for each analog. In standard high-folate medium, Chol-PS-oligodeoxynucleotides (5.0 microM) had minimal effects on the growth of L1210 cells, but antagonized the cytotoxicity of methotrexate. The response to methotrexate (IC50 = 12 nM) decreased to the greatest extent (20.8-fold) in the presence of Chol-PS-d(CA)7C (IC50 = 250 nM). Under limiting folate conditions, Chol-PS-d(CA)7C alone inhibited cells growth by a process which could be reversed by folic acid. The results show that Chol-PS-oligodeoxynucleotides are among the most potent known inhibitors of the reduced-folate carrier. Direct growth inhibition of folate-deficient cells and antagonism of methotrexate cytotoxicity indicate that Chol-PS-oligodeoxynucleotides retain the ability to inhibit the reduced-folate carrier for several days in cultured cells.
Differential Regulation of Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter Activation and Protein Degradation by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition (2015)

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) maintains telomeres and is rate limiting for replicative life span. While most somatic tissues silence TERT transcription resulting in telomere shortening, cells derived from cancer or cardiovascular diseases express TERT and activate telomerase. In the present study, we demonstrate that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition induces TERT transcription and promoter activation. At the protein level in contrast, HDAC inhibition decreases TERT protein abundance through enhanced degradation, which decreases telomerase activity and induces senescence. Finally, we demonstrate that HDAC inhibition decreases TERT expression during vascular remodeling in vivo. These data illustrate a differential regulation of TERT transcription and protein stability by HDAC inhibition and suggest that TERT may constitute an important target for the anti-proliferative efficacy of HDAC inhibitors.
In the sand a line is drawn: a reflection on Animation Studies (2009)

There are at least three problems that arise when any topic of interest (heterogeneous and globally dispersed as it must necessarily be at the outset) transforms itself, in an (equally necessary) institutional/territorial gesture, into a defined field of study- and I have seen all these problems materialise at least once before in my lifetime, during the rise of Cultural Studies. How might these problems affect the burgeoning area of Animation Studies? 1. As Paul Wells rightly remarks in his contribution to this issue of Animation Studies, ‘Battlefields for the Undead: Stepping Out of the Graveyard’, all previous attempts to describe, map, appreciate, criticise or theorise the area are briskly banished into an obscure pre-history, or handily erased altogether. This is the tabula rasa mode of a field’s active self-definition: nothing that came before really matters; nobody ever before attempted anything like we are doing; we are beginning from scratch. As John Cale once sang: Antarctica Starts Here. 2. An academic field- and this is not a whinge against the academy per se – tends quickly to erect a certain kind of canon: not so much the greatest works (although that implicit judgement or valorisation tends to come quietly attached) as those that most readily
Current transport mechanisms in atomically abrupt metal-semiconductor interfaces (1988)

A comprehensive model for electron transport mechanisms across a fully formed Schottky-barrier junction is proposed in which the metal-semiconductor interface is approximated as an abrupt quantum mechanical transition. Improved formulations of the barrier-lowering mechanisms and carrier tunneling effects are derived where the dipole barrier lowering is modeled as a single exponential decay of the total surface charge density. Quantum calculations follow a two-band model in which the imaginary component of the electron wave vector in the semiconductor energy gap is obtained by including the effect of both conduction and valence states. The energy band profile effects are included in the calculation of tunneling current, and it is shown that the finite negative charge residing at the metal-semiconductor interface considerably modulates the tunneling transmission probability of carriers. Experimental results obtained from atomically clean Al-n/sup +/GaAs-nGaAs interfaces fabricated by in situ molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) are shown to be in excellent agreement with the transport calculations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>