gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential regulation of two forms of gonadotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid by gonadotropins in human immortalized ovarian surface epithelium and ovarian cancer cells (2006)

Although gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been shown to play a role as an autocrine/ paracrine regulator of cell growth in ovarian surface epithelium and ovarian cancer, the factors which regulate the expression of GnRH and its receptor in these cells are not well characterized. In the present study, we employed real-time PCR to determine the potential regulatory effect of gonadotropins on the expression levels of GnRH I (the mammalian GnRH), GnRH II (a second form of GnRH) and their common receptor (GnRHR) in immortalized ovarian surface epithelial (IOSE-80 and IOSE-80PC) cells and ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, BG-1, CaOV-3, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3). The cells were treated with increasing concentrations (100 and 1000 ng/ml) of recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) for 24 h. Treatment with FSH or LH reduced GnRH II mRNA levels in both IOSE cell lines and in three out of five ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, BG-1 and OVCAR-3). A significant decrease in GnRHR mRNA levels was observed in IOSE and ovarian cancer cells, except CaOV-3 cells, following treatment with FSH or LH. In contrast, treatment with either FSH or LH had no effect on GnRH I mRNA levels in these cells, suggesting that gonadotropins regulate the two forms of GnRH and its receptor differentially. In separate experiments, the effect of gonadotropins on the anti-proliferative action of GnRH I and GnRH II agonists in IOSE-80, OVCAR-3 and SKOV-3 cells was investigated. The cells were pretreated with FSH or LH (100 ng/ml) for 24 h after which they were treated with either GnRH I or GnRH II (100 ng/ml) for 2 days, and cell growth was assessed by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay. Pretreatment of the cells with FSH or LH significantly reversed the growth inhibitory effect of GnRH I and GnRH II agonists in these cell types. These results provide the first demonstration of a potential interaction between gonadotropins and the GnRH system in the growth regulation of normal ovarian surface epithelium and its neoplastic counterparts.
TACTILE SENSING AND ANALOGIC ALGORITHMS (2006)

The challenges associated with sensing tactile events are formidable, requiring the ability to sense changing contact geometries, pressure distributions and vibrations at the user's fingertips. Despite years of research, telerobotic consoles provide their operators mainly with visual feedback and overall handling forces. The goal of the research presented herein is to extend the capabilities of current systems by adding tactile sensing and processing. This thesis presents new methods of tactile sensing and processing for dexterous telemanipulation, i.e., telemanipulation that involves imparting forces and motions with the fingertips. The motivating hypothesis for this work is that sensing and processing forces and torques at the contact location provides essential information for dexterous telemanipulation. The main topic of this dissertation is a proactive-adaptive, multi-modal sensingprocessing-actuating investigation system based on behavior patterns observed in nature. Humans in an unknown, unstructured environment first get global information about surroundings by using vision. If attention is focused on a given object, humans gather additional information in order to complete the visual information with palpation. It is possible to detect new attributes fusing the two modalities. It is impossible to detect them using these two modalities separately. The most important part of the experimental system is the tactile sensor array. I present a new tactile sensor array that consists of an array of piezo-resistive tactile sensing elements (taxel). This sensor is developed as a collaboration of MTA-MFA, MTA SZTAKI and “Anyos Jedlik” Lab. The spatial distribution of the taxels is comparable to the machanoreceptors in the human fingertips i.e. 1.5 mm. The most important aspect of this new sensor array is that in contrast to the conventional tactile sensors, this sensor can sense the 3D component of the acting forces, and has 6 Degree Of Freedom.
Autoimmune Forms of Hypoglycemia (2009)

Autoimmune syndromes are a rare cause of hypoglycemia characterized by elevated levels of insulin in the presence of either anti-insulin antibodies (insulin autoimmune syndrome) or anti-insulin receptor antibodies (type B insulin resistance). Insulin autoimmune syndrome is the third leading cause of hypoglycemia in Japan, but has rarely been described in the non-Asian population.In the current study, we report the clinical and biochemical characteristics and clinical course of 2 white patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome, and present a literature review of non-Asian patients reported with insulin autoimmune syndrome. Also, we describe the clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients reported in the literature with type B insulin resistance who manifested hypoglycemia. We compare the clinical and laboratory features of insulin autoimmune syndrome and type B insulin resistance with each other and with other forms of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.Autoimmune forms of hypoglycemia are uncommon. However, they should be considered in any patient with hypoglycemia in the setting of unsuppressed insulin levels associated with anti-insulin or anti-insulin receptor antibodies. Making the correct diagnosis may spare a hypoglycemic patient from an unnecessary pancreatic surgical procedure.
Growing Up Tobacco Free (1994)

Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertising--more than $10 million worth every day--have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.
A high-density tissue microarray from patients with clinically localized prostate cancer reveals ERG and TATI exclusivity in tumor cells (2013)

We here provide a morphological basis for ERG and TATI exclusivity in prostate cancer cells. Future therapies should be based on a combination of different targets in order to eradicate tumor cells with gene fusions and cells expressing other tumor-associated antigens. Further studies are needed to understand why ERG and TATI are not co-expressed in the same prostatic tumor cells.
Biophysical and pharmacological characterization of inwardly rectifying K+ currents in rat spinal cord astrocytes (1995)

1. Whole cell and cell-attached patch-clamp recordings were obtained from rat spinal cord astrocytes maintained in culture for 6-14 days. It was found that the resting conductance in these astrocytes is primarily due to inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels. 2. Two types of astrocytic Kir channels were identified with single-channel conductances of approximately 28 and approximately 80 pS, respectively. Channels displayed some voltage dependence in their open probability, which was largest (0.8-0.9) near the K+ equilibrium potential (Ek) and decreased at more negative potentials. The resting potential closely followed Ek, so it can be assumed that Kir channels have a high open probability at the resting potential. 3. The conductance of inwardly rectifying K+ currents (Kir) depended strongly on [K+]o and was approximately proportional to the square-root of [K+]o. 4. Kir currents inactivated in a time- and voltage-dependent manner. The Na+ dependence of inactivation was studied with ion substitution experiments. Replacement of [Na+]o with choline or Li+ removed inactivation. This dependence of current inactivation on [Na+]o resembles the previously described block of Kir channels in other systems by [Na+]o. 5. Kir currents were also blocked in a dose-dependent manner by Cs+ (Kd = 189 microM at -140 mV), Ba2+ (Kd = 3.5 microM), and tetraethylammonium (TEA; 90% block at 10 mM) but were insensitive to 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 5 mM). In the current-clamp mode, Ba2+ and TEA inhibition of Kir currents was associated with a marked depolarization, suggesting that Kir channel activity played a role in the establishment of the negative resting potential typical of astrocytes. 6. These biophysical features of astrocyte inwardly rectifying K+ channels are consistent with those properties required for their proposed involvement in [K+]o clearance: 1) high open probability at the resting potential, 2) increasing conductance with increasing [K+]o, and 3) rectification, e.g., channel closure, at positive potentials. It is proposed, therefore, that the dissipation of [K+]o following neuronal activity is mediated primarily by the activity of astrocytic Kir channels.
Editorial vol.10(2) (2020)

Abstract Not Available Bang. J Neurosurgery 2020; 10(1): 1
Real-Time Full-field Deformation Analysis on the Ballistic Impact of Polymeric Materials Using High-speed Photogrammetry (2010)

Abstract : The dynamic deformation of transparent polymeric materials during the ballistic impact is investigated using a unique high-speed imaging technique. This technique involves the use of two high-speed cameras to record stereo images of a speckle patterned impact area and subsequent photogrammetric analysis. Photogrammetry is an image correlation technique that determines geometric properties, such as the displacement and strain history of a deformation event, by tracking the minute changes in the speckle pattern on the area of interest. These minute changes are then translated into three-dimensional displacement vectors as a function of time. Important mechanical behavior, such as strain or shear angle, can be calculated from the displacement vectors. By combining high-speed photography with photogrammetry, a full-field view on the strain as a function of time is made possible, and the strain can be resolved into components, such as the principle strain and shear strain. To demonstrate the capability of the high-speed photogrammetric technique, impact measurements on two different polymers were performed. A steel spherical projectile with a diameter of 5.54 mm and a weight of 0.692 g was used to impact a rigid polycarbonate (PC) and a flexible poly(urethane urea) (PUU) elastomer. The measurements were carried out at striking velocities between 100 m/s and 200 m/s, below the ballistic limits of both materials. At low impact speeds, the strain histories revealed that PC had a smaller deformation zone than PUU. At high impact speeds, it was observed that PC suffered a permanent strain deformation, whereas the strain in PUU relaxed over time. From these impact experiments, it is demonstrated that high-speed photogrammetry is able to capture the different strain behavior of these two polymers. These real-time strain histories cannot be easily observed quantitatively by other methods.
Achieving Effective Terminal Exciton Delivery in Quantum Dot Antenna-Sensitized Multistep DNA Photonic Wires (2013)

Assembling DNA-based photonic wires around semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) creates optically active hybrid architectures that exploit the unique properties of both components. DNA hybridization allows positioning of multiple, carefully arranged fluorophores that can engage in sequential energy transfer steps while the QDs provide a superior energy harvesting antenna capacity that drives a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) cascade through the structures. Although the first generation of these composites demonstrated four-sequential energy transfer steps across a distance >150 Å, the exciton transfer efficiency reaching the final, terminal dye was estimated to be only ~0.7% with no concomitant sensitized emission observed. Had the terminal Cy7 dye utilized in that construct provided a sensitized emission, we estimate that this would have equated to an overall end-to-end ET efficiency of ≤ 0.1%. In this report, we demonstrate that overall energy flow through a second generation hybrid architecture can be significantly improved by reengineering four key aspects of the composite structure: (1) making the initial DNA modification chemistry smaller and more facile to implement, (2) optimizing donor-acceptor dye pairings, (3) varying donor-acceptor dye spacing as a function of the Förster distance R0, and (4) increasing the number of DNA wires displayed around each central QD donor. These cumulative changes lead to a 2 orders of magnitude improvement in the exciton transfer efficiency to the final terminal dye in comparison to the first-generation construct. The overall end-to-end efficiency through the optimized, five-fluorophore/four-step cascaded energy transfer system now approaches 10%. The results are analyzed using Förster theory with various sources of randomness accounted for by averaging over ensembles of modeled constructs. Fits to the spectra suggest near-ideal behavior when the photonic wires have two sequential acceptor dyes (Cy3 and Cy3.5) and exciton transfer efficiencies approaching 100% are seen when the dye spacings are 0.5 × R0. However, as additional dyes are included in each wire, strong nonidealities appear that are suspected to arise predominantly from the poor photophysical performance of the last two acceptor dyes (Cy5 and Cy5.5). The results are discussed in the context of improving exciton transfer efficiency along photonic wires and the contributions these architectures can make to understanding multistep FRET processes.
Improved performance in coaxial holographic data recording (2007)

We describe a coaxial holographic recording system for achieving high recording density. We implement several techniques, such as an objective lens with high numerical aperture (NA), high capacity page data format, a random binary phase mask, and an optical noise reduction element. Our system successfully realizes a hologram recording/retrieving at a low diffraction efficiency less than 2.0 x 10(-3) and achieves a raw data density of 180 Gbit/in.(2), thus demonstrating the potential of a coaxial holographic system for high-density optical storage systems.
Comparative Genome Analysis of <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i> and Related Dermatophytes Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Infection (2012)

The major cause of athlete's foot is Trichophyton rubrum, a dermatophyte or fungal pathogen of human skin. To facilitate molecular analyses of the dermatophytes, we sequenced T. rubrum and four related species, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton equinum, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum. These species differ in host range, mating, and disease progression. The dermatophyte genomes are highly colinear yet contain gene family expansions not found in other human-associated fungi. Dermatophyte genomes are enriched for gene families containing the LysM domain, which binds chitin and potentially related carbohydrates. These LysM domains differ in sequence from those in other species in regions of the peptide that could affect substrate binding. The dermatophytes also encode novel sets of fungus-specific kinases with unknown specificity, including nonfunctional pseudokinases, which may inhibit phosphorylation by competing for kinase sites within substrates, acting as allosteric effectors, or acting as scaffolds for signaling. The dermatophytes are also enriched for a large number of enzymes that synthesize secondary metabolites, including dermatophyte-specific genes that could synthesize novel compounds. Finally, dermatophytes are enriched in several classes of proteases that are necessary for fungal growth and nutrient acquisition on keratinized tissues. Despite differences in mating ability, genes involved in mating and meiosis are conserved across species, suggesting the possibility of cryptic mating in species where it has not been previously detected. These genome analyses identify gene families that are important to our understanding of how dermatophytes cause chronic infections, how they interact with epithelial cells, and how they respond to the host immune response.
Review: <i>Introductory Botany</i>, by Arthur J. Cronquist (1961)

Book Review| October 01 1961 Review Introductory BotanyArthur J. Cronquist P. K. P. K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1961) 23 (6): 369. https://doi.org/10.2307/4439635 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation P. K.; Review. The American Biology Teacher 1 October 1961; 23 (6): 369. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4439635 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
SplicerAV: a tool for mining microarray expression data for changes in RNA processing (2010)

Using SplicerAV, we identified several hundred previously uncharacterized isoform changes induced by in vitro oncogene over-expression and revealed a previously unknown mechanism of EGFR activation in human mammary epithelial cells. We analyzed Affymetrix GeneChip data from over 400 human breast tumors in three independent studies, making this the largest clinical dataset analyzed for en masse changes in alternative mRNA processing. The capacity to detect RNA isoform changes in archival microarray data using SplicerAV allowed us to carry out the first analysis of isoform specific mRNA changes directly associated with cancer survival.
Nebulized magnesium sulphate versus nebulized salbutamol in acute bronchial asthma: a clinical trial (1998)

Intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) has successfully been used in the treatment of acute asthma. The present study investigated the efficacy of nebulized MgSO4 as a bronchodilator in acute asthma as compared to nebulized salbutamol. This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Asthmatics aged 12-60 yrs in acute exacerbation, with a peak expiratory flow (PEF) <300 L x min(-1), not having taken bronchodilators and not requiring assisted ventilation were included. Patients were randomized to receive treatment with serial nebulizations of either 3 mL (3.2% solution, 95 mg) MgSO4 solution or 3 mL (2.5 mg) salbutamol solution. All patients were also given 100 mg hydrocortisone i.v., and were monitored continuously for 2 h after which they were given supplemental treatment (if and when needed) and either discharged or admitted. Fischl index, PEF improvements (in % predicted) and admission rates were the outcome variables. Thirty-three patients were studied. Fischl score improvement was comparable and significant in both groups (4.31 to 0.43 in the MgSO4 group and 4.29 to 0.76 in the salbutamol group). The increase in PEF was statistically significant and comparable in both groups (by 35% pred in the MgSO4 and by 42% pred in the salbutamol group). Two patients warranted admission in the salbutamol group and one in the MgSO4 group. Nebulized MgSO4 had a significant bronchodilatory effect in acute asthma. This effect was not significantly different from that of nebulized salbutamol.
Modification of two essential cysteines in rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase by the guanine nucleotide analog 5'-[p-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl]guanosine (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTModification of two essential cysteines in rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase by the guanine nucleotide analog 5'-[p-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoyl]guanosineJohn M. Tomich, Cristina Marti, and Roberta F. ColmanCite this: Biochemistry 1981, 20, 23, 6711–6720Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00526a029https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00526a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views67Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Advanced Profile Similarity to Enhance Semantic Web Services Matching (2013)

In this paper, we present a fine-grained matching method of the services based on a hybrid similarity measure. We propose a novel encoding of the services descriptions, allowing the match between a request and an advertisement in order to make more efficient publishing and searching process of Web services and reduce the number of comparisons required. By this kind of similarity between concepts of profile, a precise matching method is developed to match the profile of the Web services and user. Searching process in the UDDI registry is done via an algorithm that allows us to extract the search concepts and retrieve the topk services, thereby further reducing the search engine's response time. The approach is illustrated through some experiments both on real and synthetic data to demonstrate its consistency and effectiveness.