gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applying big data and linked data concepts in supply chains management (2013)

One of the contemporary problems, and at the same time a big opportunity, in business networks of supply chains are the issues associated with the vast amounts of data arising there. The data may be utilized by the decision support systems in logistics; nevertheless, often there is an information integration problem. The problems with information interchange are related to issues with exchange between independently designed data systems. The networked supply chains will need appropriate IT architectures to support the cooperating business units utilizing structured and unstructured big data and the mechanisms to integrate data in heterogeneous supply chains. In this paper we analyze the capabilities of the big data technology architectures with cloud computing under usage of Linked Data in business process management in supply chains to cope with unstructured near-time data and data silos problems. We present our approach on a 4PL (Fourth-party Logistics) integrator business process example.
Work Functions and Surface Functional Groups of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes (1999)

We have studied the work function and density of states (DOS) of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). Raw MWNTs were purified by successive sonication, centrifugation, sedimentation, and filtration processes with the aid of a nonionic surfactant. The purified MWNTs showed a slightly lower work function (4.3 eV) than that of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (4.4 eV). Effects of three different oxidative treatments, air-, oxygen plasma-, and acid-oxidation, have also been studied. It was found that oxidative treatments affect the DOS of valence bands and increase the work function. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements have suggested that gas-phase treatment preferentially forms hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, while liquid-phase treatment forms carboxylic acid groups on the surface of MWNTs. These surface chemical groups disrupt the π-conjugation and introduce surface dipole moments, leading to higher work functions up to 5.1 eV. We expect the information on the work function of the MWNTs to be of importance to the development of electronic or optoelectronic applications.
Metrology of pH Measurements in Brackish Waters—Part 2: Experimental Characterization of Purified meta-Cresol Purple for Spectrophotometric pHT Measurements (2018)

Spectrophotometric pH measurements allow for an accurate quantification of acid-base equilibria in natural waters, provided that the physico-chemical properties of the indicator dye are well known. Here we present the first characterization of purified m-Cresol Purple (mCP) directly linked to a primary pH standard in the salinity range 5-20. Results were obtained from mCP absorption measurements in TRIS buffer solutions. The pHT of identical buffer solutions was previously determined by Harned cell measurements in a coordinated series of experiments. The contribution of the TRIS/HCl component to the ionic strength of the buffer solutions increases towards lower salinity: This was taken into account by extrapolating the determined pK2e2 to zero buffer concentration, thereby establishing access to a true hydrogen ion concentration scale for the first time. The results of this study were extended with previous determinations of pK2e2 at higher and lower salinity and a pK2e2 model was fitted to the combined data set. For future investigations that include measurements in the salinity range 5-20, pHT should be calculated according to this pK2e2 model, which can also be used without shortcomings for salinities 0-40 and temperatures from 278.15 – 308.15 K. It should be noted that conceptual limitations and methodical uncertainties are not yet adequately addressed for pHT determinations at very low ionic strength.
Surrogate Parameter for the Baseline Toxicity Content of Contaminated Water: Simulating the Bioconcentration of Mixtures of Pollutants and Counting Molecules (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurrogate Parameter for the Baseline Toxicity Content of Contaminated Water: Simulating the Bioconcentration of Mixtures of Pollutants and Counting MoleculesHenk J. M. Verhaar, Frans J. M. Busser, and Joop L. M. HermensCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 3, 726–734Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00003a021https://doi.org/10.1021/es00003a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views280Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence for the Failure of Adeno-associated Virus Serotype 5 to Package a Viral Genome ≥8.2 kb (2009)

Limited packaging capacity hinders adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy. A recent study seems to have provided a solution to this problem. Allocca et al. reported that AAV-5 could package an 8.9 kb vector genome. Here we tested whether this approach can be used to deliver a large genome for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene therapy. We first evaluated AAV-5 packaging of an 8.2 kb genome. This vector carries two independent reporter gene cassettes, one for alkaline phosphatase (AP) and another for LacZ. Viral yield was log-fold lower than that of a regular AAV-5. Nevertheless, both AP and LacZ genes were detected in purified virus. Injection to dystrophic muscle resulted in both AP and LacZ expression. On electron microscopy, virion structure appeared normal. Surprisingly, we did not find the full-length single-stranded viral genome by alkaline gel electrophoresis. Neither did we see the full-length double-stranded replication forms in adenovirus coinfected cells. We suspect that AP and LacZ expression may have come from partially packaged 5' or 3'-half of the genome. Additional studies revealed failure of AAV-5 to package and express an 8.7 kb minidystrophin gene cassette. In summary, our results do not support the extraordinary packaging capacity of AAV-5.
The Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor δ Promotes Lipid Accumulation in Human Macrophages (2001)

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a family of fatty acid-activated transcription factors which control lipid homeostasis and cellular differentiation. PPARalpha (NR1C1) controls lipid oxidation and clearance in hepatocytes and PPARgamma (NR1C3) promotes preadipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Drugs that activate PPARalpha are effective in lowering plasma levels of lipids and have been used in the management of hyperlipidemia. PPARgamma agonists increase insulin sensitivity and are used in the management of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, there are no marketed drugs that selectively target PPARdelta (NR1C2) and the physiological roles of PPARdelta are unclear. In this report we demonstrate that the expression of PPARdelta is increased during the differentiation of human macrophages in vitro. In addition, a highly selective agonist of PPARdelta (compound F) promotes lipid accumulation in primary human macrophages and in macrophages derived from the human monocytic cell line, THP-1. Compound F increases the expression of genes involved in lipid uptake and storage such as the class A and B scavenger receptors (SRA, CD36) and adipophilin. PPARdelta activation also represses key genes involved in lipid metabolism and efflux, i.e. cholesterol 27-hydroxylase and apolipoprotein E. We have generated THP-1 sublines that overexpress PPARdelta and have confirmed that PPARdelta is a powerful promoter of macrophage lipid accumulation. These data suggest that PPARdelta may play a role in the pathology of diseases associated with lipid-filled macrophages, such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, and neurodegeneration.
Gas Cap Blowdown of the Virginia Hills Belloy Reservoir (1998)

Abstract Concurrent gas and oil production from the Virginia Hills Belloy Shunda Unit #I Unit wan considered. A full field simulation study was used to evaluate the impact of initiating early blowdown of the gas cap. An excellent match of the production, pressures and two-phase interface movements was achieved. The model predicts that early blowdown and delayed blowdown cases achieve comparable ultimate oil and gas recoveries. The role of the weil established water fence between the gas cap and oil leg, unique reservoir characteristics and reservoir management strategy, which contribute to this result, are discussed Introduction The Virginia Hills Belloy field is located approximately 165 km northwest of Edmonton, Alberta in Townships 63 and 64, Range 13 and 14, W5M (see Figure 1). The field was discovered in 1970 during the development of the nearby Virginia Hills field and was initially developed as a gas pool. Updip movement of the oil column towards the gas cap led to the discovery of the oil leg in 1976. By 1978, the oil column was delineated with 21 oil wells. The gas hap was shut-in by 1980 after having produced approximately 800 E6m3. A waterflood was implemented as an updip line drive while also creating a water fence between the gas cap and oil reserves in 1981 (Figure 2). Downdip water injection began in 1991. Since 1994, a total of seven horizontal (five successful, two wet) wells have been drilled to recover bypassed oil. One of the five successful horizontal wells was drilled on the basis of this simulation study. With the field maturing, a simulation study was commissioned to determine the ultimate recovery and whether oil & gas recovery would be impacted by early blowdown of the gas cap. With the existing gas plant approaching turndown and economic limits, decommissioning the plant in 1999 would be followed by capital expenditures to re-inject the sour gas and eventual blowdown of the gas cap. Early blowdown would conserve capital and make efficient use of existing resources. In addition, concurrent production (early blowdown) would result in a reduction of the operating life by 12 years, and thereby also reduce associated expenses. From a regulatory perspective, approval for concurrent production is normally not considered unless the pool is in the final stages of depletion (greater than 90 % of ultimate recoverable oil) and the ultimate recovery is not impacted significantly. Depending on the recovery estimate used, current recovery Tom Belloy is between 80 % and 90 % of ultimate oil recovery. This study will show that concurrent production of oil and gas from the Belloy pool does not adversely affect hydrocarbon recovery. In fact, the Belloy field presents a unique opportunity where a well established water fence can be maintained to provide continued effective separation ofoil and gas production by maintaining the voidage replacement ratio. Geology Hydrocarbon production is from the Permian Belloy sandstone with a minor contribution Tom the underlying Mississippian Shunda carbonates. The sealing formation is the Nordegg shales of lower Jurassic age.
New therapeutic agents for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. (1996)

The identification of active chemotherapeutic agents for use in the treatment of advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer remains a priority of clinical research. An estimated 317,100 new cases will be diagnosed in 1996. This increased diagnosis of disease can be directly attributed to the widespread use of screening serum prostate-specific antigen. However, this has not been associated with a reduction in mortality; more than 41,000 men in the United States are expected to die of the disease this year. The natural history of hormone-resistant disease has remained unaltered, with patients having a median survival of only approximately 12 months. Use of surrogate endpoints, such as a reduction in prostate-specific antigen or improvement in pain, may be appropriate for the evaluation of novel agents or combinations. A number of promising new approaches have been recently tested and brought to trial, including combined antimicrotubular therapy, camptothecins, and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors. It is only through the development of these and other novel compounds that we can hope to affect the natural course of prostate cancer.
A radix-4 modular multiplication hardware algorithm efficient for iterative modular multiplications (2002)

A fast radix-4 modular multiplication hardware algorithm is proposed. It is efficient especially in applications, such as encryption/decryption in the RSA cryptosystem, where modular multiplications are carried out iteratively. Each subtraction for the division for residue calculation is embedded in the repeated multiply-addition. Numbers are represented in a redundant representation and addition/subtractions are performed without carry propagation. A serial-parallel modular multiplier based on the algorithm has a regular cellular array structure with a bit slice feature suitable for VLSI implementation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Simple Generic Attack on Text Captchas (2016)

Text-based Captchas have been widely deployed across the Internet to defend against undesirable or malicious bot programs. Many attacks have been proposed; these fine prior art advanced the scientific understanding of Captcha robustness, but most of them have a limited applicability. In this paper, we report a simple, low-cost but powerful attack that effectively breaks a wide range of text Captchas with distinct design features, including those deployed by Google, Microsoft, Yahoo!, Amazon and other Internet giants. For all the schemes, our attack achieved a success rate ranging from 5% to 77%, and achieved an average speed of solving a puzzle in less than 15 seconds on a standard desktop computer (with a 3.3GHz Intel Core i3 CPU and 2 GB RAM). This is to date the simplest generic attack on text Captchas. Our attack is based on Log-Gabor filters; a famed application of Gabor filters in computer security is John Daugman’s iris recognition algorithm. Our work is the first to apply Gabor filters for breaking Captchas.
48-V Voltage Regulator Module With PCB Winding Matrix Transformer for Future Data Centers (2017)

Efficient power delivery architecture is gaining more attention in the design of future generations of data centers in order to minimize the ever increasing trend of power consumption. Silicon-based power delivery architectures and designs have already reached a level of maturity in terms of efficiency and density. Recent studies indicate that 48-V voltage regulator modules (VRMs), instead of 12-V VRMs, are deemed a more efficient and cost effective architecture. In this paper a Gallium Nitride (GaN) based design of a two-stage solution is proposed. The first stage is a 48 V/12 V-250 W LLC converter with a matrix transformer design operating at 1.6 MHz with a peak efficiency of 97.3% and a power density of 870 W/in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The second stage is a 12/1.8 V multiphase buck converter which can be either a conventional silicon-based or a GaN-based design with a higher operating frequency and power density. Furthermore, in this proposed two-stage architecture, a novel light load improvement mechanism is proposed by dynamically changing the bus voltage from 12 to 6 V during light load by which the system can achieve a more than 8% efficiency improvement.
EFFICIENT, VISIBLE ELECTROLUMINESCENCE FROM <i>p-n</i> JUNCTIONS IN Zn<i>x</i>Cd1−<i>x</i>Te (1964)

First Page
Distribution of Automobile Trip Durations for Studies of Seat Comfort (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Data from the 1990 U.S. Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey were analyzed to determine the distribution of trip durations and sitting times for use in the design of automobile seat comfort studies. Two measures relating to the incidence and prevalence of long-term sitting were calculated and presented for the U.S. population and various subgroups. The information can be used to select an appropriate test duration for comfort studies. The subgroup data allow the test duration to be tailored for specific market segments.</div>
RGS-PX1, a GAP for Gα <sub>s</sub> and Sorting Nexin in Vesicular Trafficking (2001)

Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) control cellular functions by transducing signals from the outside to the inside of cells. Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are key modulators of the amplitude and duration of G protein-mediated signaling through their ability to serve as guanosine triphosphatase-activating proteins (GAPs). We have identified RGS-PX1, a Galpha(s)-specific GAP. The RGS domain of RGS-PX1 specifically interacted with Galpha(s), accelerated its GTP hydrolysis, and attenuated Galpha(s)-mediated signaling. RGS-PX1 also contains a Phox (PX) domain that resembles those in sorting nexin (SNX) proteins. Expression of RGS-PX1 delayed lysosomal degradation of the EGF receptor. Because of its bifunctional role as both a GAP and a SNX, RGS-PX1 may link heterotrimeric G protein signaling and vesicular trafficking.
Which Kt/V Is the Most Valid for Assessment of Both Long Mild and Short Intensive Hemodialyses? (2002)

It is unclear at present which mathematical modeling Kt/V(urea) is valid for assessment of both long mild hemodialysis (HD) and short intensive HD, the single-pool modeling Kt/V (Kt/Vsp) based on the pre- and postdialysis serum urea concentrations, double-pool modeling Kt/V (Kt/Vdp) based on the predialysis concentration and the estimated postdialysis equilibrated concentration, or Kt/V calculated on the basis of dialyzer urea clearance, HD session duration and urea distribution volume (Kt/Vdl). Thus, the respective Kt/V during a short intensive HD was compared with its counterpart Kt/V during a long mild HD, where the same amount of urea is removed during both HD treatments. It was found that the Kt/Vsp and Kt/Vdl during short intensive HD were significantly greater than the respective Kt/V during the long mild HD. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the Kt/Vdp between the long mild and short intensive HDs. In conclusion, Kt/Vdp may be more valid for assessment of both long mild and short intensive HDs.
Variational Bayesian learning (2000)

We propose an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) with the assistance of a dual electro-optic frequency comb (EOFC), which is intended to improve the system spatial resolution. As the spatial resolution of an OFDR system is inversely proportional to the frequency sweep range, the EOFC acts as a multi-frequency light source for collecting Rayleigh backscattering signals, which are combined to extend the effective frequency sweep range. By utilizing this technique, we have successfully expanded the experimental frequency sweep range to hundreds of gigahertz, achieving a sub-millimeter spatial resolution.
Conjugated azoalkenes. Part 12. Synthesis of new 1-amino-3-cyanopyrrole, 1,2-diaminopyrrole and pyrrolo[2,3-b] pyrrole derivatives by reaction of some conjugated azoalkenes with activated nitriles (1992)

The reactions of a variety of conjugated azoalkenes with β-cyano ketones or β-cyano amides have been studied and, depending on the nature and the molar ratios of the reagents, new 1 -amino-3-cyanopyrroles, 1,2-diaminopyrroles and 1,3a,6,6a-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]pyrroles can be obtained in good yields and under mild reaction conditions.
How to Reach Out to Refugees (1986)

Ella Rae Jones, RN, MA, works part-time as a parish visitor and children's worker at Trinity United Methodist Church in Semmes, Alabama. She worked as a missionary in Ecuador for fifteen years. See page 29 for an abstract of a missions study she did.
Production of the UVB-absorbing compound mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside by Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma) (2010)

The ability of the basidiomycetous yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous (Phaffia rhodozyma) to accumulate astaxanthin is responsible for the industrial use of this yeast as a microbial source of pigments for aquaculture. It is also hypothesized that astaxanthin accounts for its ability to thrive in highly oxidative and UV-exposed habitats. Here, we assessed the ability of this species to synthesize UV-absorbing compounds generally known as mycosporines, evaluated the effect of culture media in the production of these compounds and compared its UV growth resistance and tolerance with other yeasts. The 48 wild and collection strains screened were positive for mycosporines and a unique compound identified as mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside (MGG) was detected. Thus, the ability of X. dendrorhous to produce MGG, as described here for the first time, is so far unique among the Cystofilobasidiales. The compound was synthesized constitutively, although growth under visible light and, to a greater extent, UVA radiation stimulated its production. Strains from UV-exposed habitats produced larger quantities and oligotrophic complex media seemed to favor MGG accumulation. UV tolerance and survival of X. dendrorhous was high and comparable to that of the polyextremophilic Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The taxonomical and ecological implications of the production of MGG by X. dendrorhous are discussed.
Base methylations in the double-stranded RNA by a fused methyltransferase bearing unwinding activity (2011)

Modifications of rRNAs are clustered in functional regions of the ribosome. In Helix 74 of Escherichia coli 23S rRNA, guanosines at positions 2069 and 2445 are modified to 7-methylguanosine(m(7)G) and N(2)-methylguanosine(m(2)G), respectively. We searched for the gene responsible for m(7)G2069 formation, and identified rlmL, which encodes the methyltransferase for m(2)G2445, as responsible for the biogenesis of m(7)G2069. In vitro methylation of rRNA revealed that rlmL encodes a fused methyltransferase responsible for forming both m(7)G2069 and m(2)G2445. We renamed the gene rlmKL. The N-terminal RlmL activity for m(2)G2445 formation was significantly enhanced by the C-terminal RlmK. Moreover, RlmKL had an unwinding activity of Helix 74, facilitating cooperative methylations of m(7)G2069 and m(2)G2445 during biogenesis of 50S subunit. In fact, we observed that RlmKL was involved in the efficient assembly of 50S subunit in a mutant strain lacking an RNA helicase deaD.
Use of Computing Clusters and Automatic Code Generation to Speed Up Simulation Tasks (2007)

This paper studies a number of different techniques that can be used to reduce the amount of time needed to run block diagram simulations. The first is automatic code generation techniques used to create simulation exe cutables from graphical block diagram models. A number of alternative techniques are studied, highlighting increases in simulation speed that can be achieved at the expense of intera ctivity with the graphical model. This paper will discuss at which stages of modeling and simulation code generation should be considered. The second technique that is studied is the use of computing clusters to distribute a number of simulation runs across a number of processors. With the advent of the multicore processor this technique has become a ccessible to many more engineers than in the past.