gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MagiMusic (2010)

Playing musical instruments such as chordophones, percussions and keyboard types accompany with harmonic interaction of player's hand with the instruments. In this work, we present a novel approach that enables the user to imitate the music playing gestures around mobile devices. In our approach, touch-less gestures, which change magnetic field around the device, are employed for interaction. The activity of playing an instrument can be transparently pursued by moving a tiny magnet in hand around new generation of mobile phones equipped with embedded digital compass (magnetic sensor). The phonation intentions of the user can be simulated on the mobile device by capturing the gestural pattern using magnetic sensor. The proposed method allows digital imitation of a broad number of instruments while still being able to sense musical hits and relative plectrum gestures. It provides a framework for extending interaction space with music applications beyond physical boundaries of small mobile devices, and to 3D space around the device. This can allow for a more natural, comfortable and flexible interaction. We present several mobile music applications developed based on the proposed method for Apple iPhone 3GS.
Six stages in the history of the astronomical unit (2001)

Giovanni Antonio Rocca wrote "The problem of solar distance and parallax was one of the most important in astronomy, well worth a lifetimes work by any astronomer." (see Ricciolo, 1651:732). This paper briefly reviews the values obtained for the Earth-Sun distance throughout the history of astronomy, and divides the investigation of the astronomical unit into six stages. It is suggested that a similar six stages can be recognized in the history of many other fundamental parameters in our subject.
Apresentação da Revista Agricultura Familiar: Pesquisa, Formação e Desenvolvimento, v.13, n.2, 2019 (2020)

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Aromatization of FCC Gasoline Over Modified HZSM-5 Catalyst (2007)

Abstract Zinc and phosphorus incorporated HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared by adopting incipient wet co-impregnation (Zn-P/HZSM-5). Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst exhibited the lowest acidity but the highest aromatization activity with stable performance in the studied period of 16 hr. The process conditions on aromatization reaction and the coke deactivation mechanism of Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst were studied on a small-scale, fixed bed reactor using FCC naphtha (75–120°C). The weight contents of ZnO and P2O5 were 2% and 4%, respectively. Results showed that Zn-P/HZSM-5 catalyst under a temperature of 450°C, liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h−1, and pressure of 0.1 MPa, the conversions of olefins and alkanes are 96.77% and 88.94%, respectively, the contents of olefins, aromatics in liquid product are 6.79% and 74.57%, respectively. Carbon deposition was the major reason for catalyst deactivation due to the catalyst's good performance as a fresh catalyst after regeneration. All of the blending products fitted the standards of Chinese gasoline.
Improved Hessian Curvature for Fingerprint Analysis (2016)

Curvature analysis is important to the fingerprint image which is constructed by a group of regular ridgelines. Five kinds of curvatures constructed by the eigenvalues are tested, including the Gaussian curvature, Mean curvature, Laplacian curvature, Hessian curvature and our improved Hessian curvature. Researching on these five kinds of curvature, we find the relative advantages of our improved Hessian curvature for fingerprint curves. A measure for fingerprint reference point determination based on the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of the ridges. Fingerprint reference points are determined by combining the global and local proposed curvature properties of ridges by using multi-resolution levels. The performance of the proposed one is verified through simulations and its analysis.
Height and the survival of prostate cancer patients. (2003)

We investigated the associations between height and other anthropometric factors and the survival of 584 prostate cancer patients, initially recruited for a population-based, case-control study. During a median of 6.6 years of follow-up, 129 prostate cancer deaths and 153 deaths because of other causes were identified. After adjusting for age, cancer stage, and grade, the relative risk and 95% confident intervals for prostate cancer death were 1.0 (reference), 0.9 (0.6-1.4), 0.5 (0.3-0.9), and 0.6 (0.3-1.0) for patients whose heights were <1.75 m, 1.75-1.79 m, 1.80-1.84 m, and > or =1.85 m, respectively (P for trend = 0.01). Similar associations were found in subgroup analyses by cancer stage, cancer grade, age, race, and occupation-based socioeconomic status. However, height was not associated with death because of other causes. In addition, no significant associations were found between body mass index or weight and either prostate cancer death or death because of other causes. Our results suggest that greater height may be associated with better survival of prostate cancer patients.
microRNA-34a is tumor suppressive in brain tumors and glioma stem cells (2010)

We recently found that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) is downregulated in human glioma tumors as compared to normal brain, and that miR-34a levels in mutant-p53 gliomas were lower than in wildtype-p53 tumors. We showed that miR-34a expression in glioma and medulloblastoma cells inhibits cell proliferation, G1/S cell cycle progression, cell survival, cell migration and cell invasion, but that miR-34a expression in human astrocytes does not affect cell survival and cell cycle. We uncovered the oncogenes c-Met, Notch-1 and Notch-2 as direct targets of miR-34a that are inhibited by miR-34a transfection. We found that c-Met levels in human glioma specimens inversely correlate with miR-34a levels. We showed that c-Met and Notch partially mediate the inhibitory effects of miR-34a on cell proliferation and cell death. We also found that mir-34a expression inhibits in vivo glioma xenograft growth. We concluded that miR-34a is a potential tumor suppressor in brain tumors that acts by targeting multiple oncogenes. In this extra view, we briefly review and discuss the implications of these findings and present new data on the effects of miR-34a in glioma stem cells. The new data show that miR-34a expression inhibits various malignancy endpoints in glioma stem cells. Importantly, they also show for the first time that miR-34a expression induces glioma stem cell differentiation. Altogether, the data suggest that miR-34a is a tumor suppressor and a potential potent therapeutic agent that acts by targeting multiple oncogenic pathways in brain tumors and by inducing the differentiation of cancer stem cells.
Synthesis of a 6-aryloxymethyl-5-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-[1H]-2-benzazepin-4-one: a muscarinic (M3) antagonist (2008)

A synthesis of the racemic 6-aryloxymethyl-5-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-[1H]-2-tetrahydrobenzazepin-4-one , for evaluation as a muscarinic (M(3)) antagonist, is described. 2-[2-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxymethyl-6-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)phenyl]propan-2-ol was prepared from 2,6-dimethyl-1-bromobenzene and taken through to N-[3-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)-2-(propen-2-yl)phenyl]methyl-N-prop-2-enyl 2-nitrobenzene sulfonamide . However, attempts to cyclise this diene by alkene metathesis were unsuccessful, the open-chain alkene being the only product isolated in yields of up to 70%. In a second approach to the 6-aryloxymethyl-5-hydroxytetrahydrobenzazepin-4-one, methyl (Z)-3-[2-(1-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxymethyl)-6-(1,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)phenyl]but-2-enoate was converted into (Z)-3-[2-hydroxymethyl-6-(2,6-dimethoxyphenoxymethyl)phenyl]but-2-enyl 2-nitrobenzene sulfonamide which was cyclised under Mitsunobu conditions to the corresponding 2,3-dihydro-[1H]-2-benzazepine . The structure of this was confirmed by an X-ray crystal structure of its 2-(4-bromophenylsulfonyl) analogue , and functional group modification including hydroxylation, attachment of the requisite side-chain at C(2) and further oxidation gave the target compound which was assayed for muscarinic (M(3)) activity.
Near-infrared photonic energy penetration: can infrared phototherapy effectively reach the human brain? (2015)

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing health concern effecting civilians and military personnel. Research has yielded a better understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, but effective treatments have not been forthcoming. Near-infrared light (NIR) has shown promise in animal models of both TBI and stroke. Yet, it remains unclear if sufficient photonic energy can be delivered to the human brain to yield a beneficial effect. This paper reviews the pathophysiology of TBI and elaborates the physiological effects of NIR in the context of this pathophysiology. Pertinent aspects of the physical properties of NIR, particularly in regards to its interactions with tissue, provide the background for understanding this critical issue of light penetration through tissue. Our recent tissue studies demonstrate no penetration of low level NIR energy through 2 mm of skin or 3 cm of skull and brain. However, at 10–15 W, 0.45%–2.90% of 810 nm light penetrated 3 cm of tissue. A 15 W 810 nm device (continuous or non-pulsed) NIR delivered 2.9% of the surface power density. Pulsing at 10 Hz reduced the dose of light delivered to the surface by 50%, but 2.4% of the surface energy reached the depth of 3 cm. Approximately 1.22% of the energy of 980 nm light at 10–15 W penetrated to 3 cm. These data are reviewed in the context of the literature on low-power NIR penetration, wherein less than half of 1% of the surface energy could reach a depth of 1 cm. NIR in the power range of 10–15 W at 810 and 980 nm can provide fluence within the range shown to be biologically beneficial at 3 cm depth. A companion paper reviews the clinical data on the treatment of patients with chronic TBI in the context of the current literature. Keywords: infrared, traumatic brain injury, TBI, class IV laser, sleep disturbance, depression
Evaluation of 8q24 and 17q Risk Loci and Prostate Cancer Mortality (2009)

Our results suggest that the 8q24 and 17q prostate cancer risk variants may influence age at diagnosis but not disease aggressiveness.
Numerical Study on the Phenomenon of Spontaneous Ignition of Coal Stockpile (2010)

석탄을 야적해두는 저탄장에서 석탄의 자연발화 현상은 안전 문제와 더불어 심각한 경제적 손해를 야기한다. 저탄장에서의 자연발화는 석탄의 산화반응으로 방출되는 열량이 주위로 손실되는 열량보다 클 때 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 비정상 상태 수치해석을 통해 자연발화 현상을 모사하였고, 수치해석 결과의 타당성을 실험 결과와 비교하여 검증하였다. 수치해석을 통해 구한 시간에 따른 저탄 내부 온도의 변화 곡선은 실험을 통해 측정한 데이터와 잘 일치하였다. 자연발화 인자인 공극률에 따라 저탄장 내부온도 변화 및 압력, 산소 질량 분율의 변화 양상을 분석하였다. 계산 결과를 토대로, 저탄형태의 변화에 따라 저탄장 내부에서의 시간에 따른 온도 변화를 비교 검토하였다. 열점의 형성과 자연 발화 메커니즘을 분석하여 제시하였다.
Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults (2001)

Influenza vaccines are effective in reducing serologically confirmed cases of influenza A. However, they are not as effective in reducing cases of clinical influenza. The use of WHO recommended vaccines appears to enhance their effectiveness in practice.
Predicting buggy changes inside an integrated development environment (2007)

We present a tool that predicts whether the software under development inside an IDE has a bug. An IDE plugin performs this prediction, using the Change Classification technique to classify source code changes as buggy or clean during the editing session. Change Classification uses Support Vector Machines (SVM), a machine learning classifier algorithm, to classify changes to projects mined from their configuration management repository. This technique, besides being language independent and relatively accurate, can (a) classify a change immediately upon its completion and (b) use features extracted solely from the change delta (added, deleted) and the source code to predict buggy changes. Thus, integrating change classification within an IDE can predict potential bugs in the software as the developer edits the source code, ideally reducing the amount of time spent on fixing bugs later. To this end, we have developed a Change Classification plugin for Eclipse based on client-server architecture, described in this paper.
ChemInform Abstract: Complexes of Hybrid Ligands. Synthesis of a Fluoro‐Alcohol Diarylphosphino Ligand and Its Complexes with Pt<sup>2+</sup>, Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>+</sup>, and Rh<sup>3+</sup>: Crystal and Molecular Structure of a trans Square‐Planar Ni<sup>2+</sup> Complex with Two Bidentate Ligands Showing cis‐trans Isomerism in Solution. (1986)

Abstract Der wie aufgezeichnet synthetisierte, potentiell zweizähnige Ligand (III) bildet in den Reaktionen mit entsprechenden Metallchloriden oder Chlorometall‐Komplexen die Produkte (IV), (V) und (VII).
Establishment and characterization of human anal canal carcinoma cell line (SaTM-1) derived from lymphnode metastasis (2007)

B67 Many human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines have been developed. However, anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell line has not yet been reported because this disease is uncommon. We have first established human anal canal SCC cell line designated SaTM-1 from primary culture of inguinal lymph node metastasis. Six sublines were cloned and isolated from SaTM-1 parental cells by the limiting dilution method. These lines were designated as SaTM-1A, -1B, -1C, -1D, -1E and -1F and maintained for over 25 months. Immunohistochemical analysis of both original tumor tissue and established culture cells showed cytokeratin-5 and p63 expression suggesting the characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma in all sublines. Their biological characteristics were studied including morphology, determination of doubling time, chemosensitivity to 5-Fu and CDDP, gene expression of growth factors and immunoblotting of proteins associated with lymphangiogenesis, and growth as xenograft in immunodeficient mice. All sublines were proliferated in multiple layers and observed adhesive and floating properties with an average doubling time of 24.5 hours. Cytotoxic effect of 5-Fu against all sublines were almost similar, although those of CDDP showed different behavior, such as the IC 50 of SaTM-1F cells for CDDP were 2.5-fold higher than SaTM-1B cells. They expressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their receptors, such as VEGF-A, -B, VEGFR-1, -R3 and EGFR were expressed in all sublines, whereas VEGF-D and EGF were all not detected. Immunofluorescene analysis demonstrated SaTM-1A, -1B, -1D and -1F cells express Prox-1 and Podoplanin as lymphangiogenesis specific markers. SaTM-1 cells form tumor easily by subcutaneous injection, resulting that all sublines had tumorigenic property in immunodeficent mice. We first report the successful establishment and characterization of new anal canal SCC cell line SaTM-1, which may provide a beneficial cellular resource for investigating the biological behavior of human anal canal SCC.
Ultrasound Image Simulation with GPU-based Ray Tracing (2011)

Medical simulators are gaining importance because the experience and skills necessary to perform many of the medical procedures are difficult to obtain due to patient safety and ethical issues. With the development of graphic cards, stereographic and haptic devices, more VR-based simulators are being created. We are developing an interactive ultrasound image simulation that include deformations and needle visualization as part of a training simulator for the application of regional anesthesia. In this paper, we present a new method for rendering the simulated images directly from 3D polygonal meshes, i.e., it does not use volume data, as presented in most of the previous works. This approach will allow us to apply and render deformations with common physics-based mesh solutions. To improve interactivity, we adapt a ray tracing approach using general programming GPU (GPGPU) methods, taking advantage of parallelism in modern graphic cards. We present the results of performance measurements conducted to test the scalability of our approach.
Effects of trkB and trkC neurotrophin receptor agonists on thermal nociception: a behavioral and electrophysiological study (1999)

Nerve-growth factor (NGF), a member of the neurotrophin family, plays an important role in nociceptor function. Prompted by a previous uinexpected finding that NT-4/5, as well as NGF sensitizes single nociceptors to noxious heat, we have explored the relative potency of all neurotrophins in eliciting thermal hyperalgesia. NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NT-4/5 and NT-3 were injected locally into the hind paw of rats, and the behavioral response to noxious heat was compared with that from the other paw that received an identical injection of vehicle. Like NGF, agonists of tyrosine kinaseB (trkB) receptors (NT-4/5 and BDN F) induced thermal hyperalgesia in the first 5 h after treatment (NT-4/5 > BDNF) but the effect had worn off by 24 h. In contrast, the trkC agonist NT-3 had no effect on the response to noxious heat. Electrophysiological recordings from single C-fibres in the in vitro skin-saphenous nerve preparation revealed sensitization to noxious heat stimuli after direct application of BDNF to the receptive field, as previously noted for NT-4/5, and in parallel with the behavioral findings. NT-3 was ineffective as in the behavioral studies. These results suggest that trkB agonists BDNF and NT-4/5 as well as the trkA agonist NGF can regulate nociceptive responses to noxious heat.
Temperature dependence of S-band amplification utilizing EDFA (2002)

We report the temperature dependence of an S-band multi-stage silica-based erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). As the EDF temperature increased, the output power and noise figure improved by 5.2 dB and 3.7 dB, respectively.
Computer aided detection of masses in mammograms as decision support (2006)

Performance of a computer aided detection (CAD) system for masses in mammograms was investigated. Using data collected in an observer study, in which experienced screening radiologists read a series of 500 screening mammograms without CAD, performance of radiologists was compared to the standalone performance of the CAD system. Due to a larger number of FPs (false positives), the performance of CAD was lower than that of the readers. However, when analysis was restricted to mammographic regions identified by the radiologists, it was found that the CAD system was comparable to the readers in discriminating these regions in cancer and non-cancer. In a retrospective analysis, the effect of independent combination of reader scores with CAD was compared to independent combination of scores of two radiologists. No significant difference was found between the results of these two methods. Both methods improved single reading results significantly.
Ligand-Promoted Carbene Insertion into the Aryl Substituent of an <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand in Ruthenium-Based Metathesis Catalysts (2009)

Addition of L = carbon monoxide or aryl isocyanides to the Grubbs second-generation carbene complexes Ru(H(2)IMes)(CHR)(PCy(3))Cl(2) (H(2)IMes = 1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene; R = Ph, Me, H, CH=CMe(2)) triggers carbene insertion into an aromatic ring of the N-heterocyclic carbene supporting ligand, forming Ru{1-mesityl-3-(-7'-R-2',4',6'-trimethylcycloheptatrienyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene}L(2)(PCy(3))Cl(2). Insertions are also promoted for other PR(3) substituted complexes by carbon monoxide and aryl isocyanides, and for the phosphine-free Hoveyda-Blechert complex Ru(H(2)IMes)(CH(i-PrOC(6)H(4)))Cl(2) by aryl isocyanides and small phosphites but only after initial displacement of the coordinated ether. Heteroatom substituted carbenes do not undergo CO-promoted insertion unless poorer electron donor phosphine (PPh(3)) and carbene (CH(OC(6)H(4)-p-NO(2)) ligands are both present. Insertion depends on the added ligand, the carbene substituent, and to a lesser degree on the PR(3) ligand trans to the N-heterocyclic carbene.
Embedding Two-Dimensional Barcodes Into Graphics (2012)

Barcodes are typically printed as independent entities in a document, separated from other objects such as pictures, text, graphics, and logos. However, embedding barcodes into these objects aesthetically could make the document more appealing. This paper presents a method to embed a 2-D barcode into a logo-type graphical element by formulating the barcode embedding as a constrained optimization problem. The objective is to maximize the image appealingness while satisfying the minimum symbol contrast requirement for the barcode. It is achieved by constructing a barcode gamut and exploiting existing gamut mapping algorithm to minimize the color appearance difference between the original and barcode-embedded logo-type images.
CHAPTER 18. Rheological Behaviour of Natural Rubber Based Blends (2013)

There are various reasons for natural rubber blending. They include lowering the production cost, enhancement of the mechanical and physical properties and the ease of processing. It is widely known that natural rubber exhibits both viscous and elastic behaviour. The difficulty of fabrication of natural rubber is the big deal in the rubber processing industries. In fact, the flow of natural rubber is significantly affected by various factors such as processing time, temperature, applied stress and strain. Furthermore, processability property of natural rubber is also clearly based on types of natural rubber. Therefore, premasticated natural rubber to achieve the appropriate viscosity is necessary for blends of natural rubber with other polymers. In this chapter, the rheological behaviour in terms of processability and melt rheology with respect to tan δ, Mooney viscosity, shear stress and shear viscosity at various shear rates for natural rubber blended with various types of polymer is considered. The chapter is described in the category that is classified into three topics including the rheological behaviour of natural rubber blended with thermoplastics, the rheological behaviour of natural rubber blended with synthetic rubbers and the rheological behaviour of chemically modified natural rubber blended with various types of polymer.
AAAII workshop on cooperation among heterogeneous intelligent agents (1992)

Recent attempts to develop larger and more complex knowledge-based systems have revealed the shortcomings and problems of centralized, single-agent architectures and have acted as a springboard for research in distributed AI (DAI). Although initial research efforts in DAI concentrated on issues relating to homogeneous systems (that is, systems using agents of a similar type or with similar knowledge), there is now increasing interest in systems comprised of heterogeneous components. The workshop on cooperation among heterogeneous intelligent agents, held July 15 during the 1991 National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, was organized by Evangelos Simoudis, Mark Adler, Michael Huhns, and Edmund Durfee. It was designed to bring together researchers and practitioners who are studying how to enable a heterogeneous collection of independent intelligent systems to cooperate in solving problems that require their combined abilities.