gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vehicle tracking with lane assignment by camera and lidar sensor fusion (2009)

A multi-sensor system for vehicle tracking and lane detection is presented in this contribution. The system utilizes a lidar and a monocular camera sensor. The main focus for the lidar lies in the field of vehicle detection and the camera is initially used for lane detection. Therewith realized and introduced applications onto the market are driver assistance systems for adaptive cruise control (ACC) and lane departure warning (LDW). More sophisticated ACC functionalities like collision mitigation and collision avoidance systems require a higher reliability and accuracy of the environment recognition. The joint use of both sensors facilitates this without additional expenses for hardware. It exploits the advantages of the different sensor concepts to extend the capabilities for interpretation of the vehicle environment. In our case this ensures a more accurate estimation of the dimensions and positions of the vehicles within the lane respectively the entire road. Finally, we present an innovative human machine interface (HMI) solution to display the desired assistance functionality with high transparency and clarity to the driver.
Reducing virtual call overheads in a Java VM just-in-time compiler (2000)

Java, an object-oriented language, uses virtual methods to support the extension and reuse of classes. Unfortunately, virtual method calls affect performance and thus require an efficient implementation, especially when just-in-time (JIT) compilation is done. Inline caches and type feedback are solutions used by compilers for dynamically-typed object-oriented languages such as SELF [1, 2, 3], where virtual call overheads are much more critical to performance than in Java. With an inline cache, a virtual call that would otherwise have been translated into an indirect jump with two loads is translated into a simpler direct jump with a single compare. With type feedback combined with adaptive compilation, virtual methods can be inlined using checking code which verifies if the target method is equal to the inlined one.This paper evaluates the performance impact of these techniques in an actual Java virtual machine, which is our new open source Java VM JIT compiler called LaTTe [4]. We also discuss the engineering issues in implementing these techniques.Our experimental results with the SPECjvm98 benchhmarks indicate that while monomoprhic inline caches and polymorphic inline caches achieve a speedup as much as a geometric mean of 3% and 9% respectively, type feedback cannot improve further over polymorphic inline caches and even degrades the performance for some programs.
Solute-solvent interactions in liquid tetrabutylammonium sulfonate salts studied by gas chromatography (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolute-solvent interactions in liquid tetrabutylammonium sulfonate salts studied by gas chromatographyRena M. Pomaville and Colin F. PooleCite this: Anal. Chem. 1988, 60, 11, 1103–1108Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00162a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views160Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (675 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Wireless Cellular Networks (2010)

When aiming for achieving high spectral efficiency in wireless cellular networks, cochannel interference (CCI) becomes the dominant performance limiting factor. This article provides a survey of CCI mitigation techniques, where both active and passive approaches are discussed in the context of both open and closed-loop designs.
Comparison of optical properties of pure and doped lithium tetraborate single crystals and glasses (2012)

High optical quality Li2B4O7 (LTB) single crystals and glassy phases of pure, doped (Cu, Ag) and co-doped with Cu+Ag have been grown by Czochralski crystal pulling and melt quenching techniques respectively. They were characterized through photoluminescence (PL), thermoluminescence (TL), and UV-VIS-NIR transmission measurements. The PL of glass phase shows light yield comparable to that of single crystal. 80-85 % optical transmission in the range 350-800 nm revealed good optical quality of the glasses which is comparable to the single crystals though the glasses have higher cut off wavelength (lower energy). TL glow peaks of Cu doped LTB single crystal at 200 °C and for Cu+Ag co-doped LTB single crystals at around 170°C and 240°C are useful for the dosimetry applications and found to be linear in the range from 1mGy to 1kGy. However, in glasses no TL was observed in spite of a good PL yield.
Playing the lottery with rewards and multiple languages: lottery tickets in RL and NLP (2020)

The lottery ticket hypothesis proposes that over-parameterization of deep neural networks (DNNs) aids training by increasing the probability of a “lucky” sub-network initialization being present rather than by helping the optimization process (Frankle& Carbin, 2019). Intriguingly, this phenomenon suggests that initialization strategies for DNNs can be improved substantially, but the lottery ticket hypothesis has only previously been tested in the context of supervised learning for natural image tasks. Here, we evaluate whether “winning ticket” initializations exist in two different domains: natural language processing (NLP) and reinforcement learning (RL).For NLP, we examined both recurrent LSTM models and large-scale Transformer models (Vaswani et al., 2017). For RL, we analyzed a number of discrete-action space tasks, including both classic control and pixel control. Consistent with workin supervised image classification, we confirm that winning ticket initializations generally outperform parameter-matched random initializations, even at extreme pruning rates for both NLP and RL. Notably, we are able to find winning ticket initializations for Transformers which enable models one-third the size to achieve nearly equivalent performance. Together, these results suggest that the lottery ticket hypothesis is not restricted to supervised learning of natural images, but rather represents a broader phenomenon in DNNs.
Dynamical Properties of Polymer Solutions in Good Solvent by Rayleigh Scattering Experiments (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDynamical Properties of Polymer Solutions in Good Solvent by Rayleigh Scattering ExperimentsM. Adam and M. DelsantiCite this: Macromolecules 1977, 10, 6, 1229–1237Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1977https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60060a014RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views760Altmetric-Citations262LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (971 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New techniques in fundus examination: II. A new simplified technique for binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy. (1983)

A new technique of binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy uses a Finhoff transilluminator, held between the observer's eyes, as the light source. The light is focused in the patient's dilated pupil through a condensing lens in a darkened room and the image is seen stereoscopically. The advantages and limitations of this technique and the optical principles are highlighted.
Three-dimensional object modeling for computer vision using artificial neural networks (2002)

Presents a neural network method for modeling 3D objects and discusses its potential applications in computer vision. Various 3D object models with freeform surfaces and different textures can be generated using this method, by training the network based on the main geometric features of the objects. It is also very flexible and capable of providing the different photometric geometries which are desired in many computer vision applications. Experimental results indicate that the method can be used as a modeling tool in computer vision.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Kinetics of organic compound removal from waste gases with a biological filter (1983)

In order to eliminate organic pollutants in waste gases, a biological filter bed technique has been developed, with a high self-regenerating capacity and a low pressure drop. The bed consists of an appropriate filling material (mainly peat compost), in order to let the microorganisms grow on the solid surface and to supply them with inorganic nutrients. Most organic compounds are oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. The compositions of the solid phase and the viable organisms present are such that aging is prevented, as a result of which a relatively high activity can be maintained during a long period of time (years). Experiments have been carried out in laboratory-scale columns with composite gas mixtures at varied concentrations and superficial gas velocities. The (macro) kinetics of the elimination processes have been studied, which enables the prediction of the elimination capacity of the filter bed.
[Needle aspiration biopsy in the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis]. (1987)

The classic diagnostic procedure for cutaneous leishmaniasis is based on the examination of Giemsa-stained smears made from the fluid obtained by scraping the edges of the lesion with a lancet, or prepared with small plugs of superficial tissues. In this report, we compare the results given by this standard method with those obtained by the examination of needle aspirates. Aspirates are secured by injecting a few millimetres outside the external border of the lesion 0.3 to 0.5 ml of saline through a thin needle, rubbing the injured skin, and thereafter pulling back slowly the plunger. Amastigotes were found in all smears from needle aspirates, and in only 11 out 15 obtained by scraping. Aspirates were also more suitable for cultures of parasites.
A low-sidelobe partially overlapped constrained feed network for time-delayed subarrays (2001)

Completely overlapped space-fed subarrays have been shown to provide sufficient pattern control to enable (modestly) wide-band arrays using time delays at the input to each subarray and phase shifters at the array face. These configurations are bulky, but have been proposed for space-based use as well as for certain ground-based applications that do not have severe volume constraints. Other applications for space-based and airborne radar require much more compact, constrained array feed networks, but until now there have been few appropriate constrained networks for inserting time delay at the subarray ports without causing high sidelobes. This paper describes one such network that, at the outset, provided far lower sidelobes than the usual contiguous subarrays, but retained closely spaced high lobes near the main beam. This paper presents a synthesis procedure that alters the subarray patterns and reduces nearly all array sidelobes to levels determined by tolerance errors. Several examples are presented that synthesize sidelobes at -40 dB. The resulting network operates over 70% to 80% of the maximum theoretical bandwidth.
Structural Investigation of 5-Hydrazono-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2<i>H</i>-1-benzopyran-2-ones and 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoline-2,5(1<i>H</i>)-diones (1997)

Substituted 2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones are useful synthons and have potential as biologically active compounds. In order to characterize the transformation of benzopyran-2,5 diones with a heterocyclic hydrazine to 2H-1-quinoline-2,5-diones and 5-hydrazono-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones we have studied structural parameters of the products using 2D NMR techniques in solution combined with computational tools. Molecular modeling based on experimentally determined NOE distance restraints enabled determination of solution structures of two compounds: N-[1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1-[(imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)amino]-7-methyl-2,5-dioxo-3-quinolinyl]benzamide and N-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5-[(imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)hydrazono]-7-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl]benzamide.
Possible Species of Ferroelectrics (1966)

A ferroelectric crystal can be considered as a (slight) modification of a certain nonferroelectric ideal crystal which is referred to as the "prototype" of the ferroelectric crystal; in crystallographical symmetry, the prototype should be higher than the ferroelectric crystal and equal to the paraelectric phase if possible. With the aid of the preceding studies and by introducing a new postulate on the free energy, which is expected to be generally valid, it is shown theoretically that there are, in all, 55 possible species of ferro-electrics as distinguished according to the point group of the prototype and the total number and orientation of the equivalent unique ferroelectric directions. This theory demands, as a revision of conclusions in previous studies, that 28 (FPT222(2)A2, $\mathrm{FPT}\mathrm{mm}2(1)\mathrm{D}m$, and others) of the 83 species of ferro-paraelectric phase transitions must be impossible, and that three ($i1$-I, $i1$-II, and $\mathrm{im}$) of the 25 kinds of ferroelectrics must be impossible. These theoretical predictions do not conflict with existing observational facts. By the way, the concept of "minor species" is introduced. Some species are able, and sometimes need, to be divided into two or more minor species from a crystallographical point of view. If one minor species is counted as one species, there turn out to be, in all, 67 possible species of ferroelectrics.
Cytostatic/Cytotoxic Effects of 5‐Fluorouridine Nucleolipids on Colon, Hepatocellular, and Renal Carcinoma Cells: <i>in vitro</i> Identification of a Potential Cytotoxic Multi‐Anticancer Drug (2014)

The insufficient penetration through the cell membranes is one of the major drawbacks of chemotherapeutics such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 1). To improve the penetration, a useful strategy is the attachment of lipophilic moieties. Thus, we have synthesized a series of nucleolipid derivatives of 5-fluorouridine (5-FUrd; 2a), carrying lipophilic moieties at N(3) and/or at the 2',3'-O position, i.e., 3a, 3b, 4-7, and tested their cytostatic/cytotoxic activities towards three carcinoma cell lines (colon (HT-29), hepatocellular (HepG2), and renal (RENCA)) in comparison with 5-FU (1) and 5-FUrd (2a). After 48 h of incubation, four derivatives, 3a, 3b, 5, and 7, showed inhibitory effects on the survival of HT-29, HepG2, and RENCA cells. Additionally, to differentiate between anticancer and side-effects, we tested the cytotoxicity of the derivatives in human macrophages. Interestingly, the derivatives 4, 5, and 6 did not exhibit any effects on survival of THP-1 macrophages. Furthermore, we investigated the apoptosis induction of compound 1 and 2a, and the above-mentioned derivatives in HT-29 cells. Derivative 5 showed the highest significant (p<0.05; p<0.01) increase of the apoptosis at 80 μM after 2-h or 4-h treatment, as well as after 6-h incubation at 40 μM (p<0.05). Real-time PCR revealed that 40-μM derivative 5 showed a 1.8-fold increase of the pro-apoptotic caspase-3 gene and a twofold significant increase (p<0.01 and p<0.05 vs. control and 1, resp.) of the tumor suppressor TP53 gene, whereas the other compounds did not show any effect. We demonstrated that some 5-FUrd derivatives such as compound 5 are more effective than 5-FU or 5-FUrd concerning a cytotoxic (vs. cytostatic (5-FU, 5-FUrd)) effect on different cancer cell lines, but without cytotoxic side-effects on differentiated macrophages. Thus, compound 5 is suggested as a novel potent cytotoxic multi-anti-cancer drug.
The Binding Site for Regulatory 14-3-3 Protein in Plant Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase (2003)

14-3-3 proteins constitute a family of well conserved proteins interacting with a large number of phosphorylated binding partners in eukaryotic cells. The plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase is an unusual target in that a unique phosphothreonine motif (946YpTV, where pT represents phosphothreonine) in the extreme C-terminal end of the H+-ATPase interacts with the binding cleft of 14-3-3 protein (Wurtele, M., Jelich-Ottmann, C., Wittinghofer, A., and Oecking, C. (2003) EMBO J. 22, 987-994). We report binding of 14-3-3 protein to a nonphosphorylated peptide representing the 34 C-terminal residues of the Arabidopsis plasma membrane H+-ATPase isoform 2 (AHA2). Following site-directed mutagenesis within the 45 C-terminal residues of AHA2, we conclude that, in addition to the 946YpTV motif, a number of residues located further upstream are required for phosphorylation-independent binding of 14-3-3. Among these, Thr-924 is important for interaction with 14-3-3 protein even when Thr-947 is phosphorylated. We suggest that the role of phosphorylation, which is accentuated by fusicoccin, is to stabilize protein-protein interaction between 14-3-3 protein and several residues of the H+-ATPase C-terminal domain.
Partial immunologic reconstitution of a patient with acquired agammaglobulinemia: a transient phenomenon accompanying therapeutic plasmapheresis (1982)

A patient with acquired agammaglobulinemia was treated with plasmapheresis. The rationale for this procedure was based on the presence of a cytotoxic autoantibody with specificity for helper (TH2-) T lymphocytes. Plasmapheresis reduced the autoantibody concentration to undetectable levels, which resulted in an increase number of helper T cells. These T cells provided normal in vitro helper activity. Plasmapheresis did not correct a concomitant suppressor T-cell defect, and the clinical remission ended during the fifth month of exchange therapy.
A New Microstrip Radiator For Medical Applications (1980)

Ring-type microstrip antennas appear to offer important advantages in medical therapy when used for local tissue heating. In designing these radiators, the properties of a microstrip covered with layers of lossy dielectric representing various tissue layers have to be taken into account. This paper provides basic information on design of ring-type radiators for tissue heating and the experimental results for a unit designed to operate in the TM modes at 2.45 GHz. The radiator is well matched when spaced 1.3-3 mm from muscle tissue or muscle tissue covered by a thin layer of fat tissue. A limited volume of muscle tissue is heated at a greater rate than the fat layer as shown by a thermographic technique.
Enhanced <i>in vivo</i> sensitivity of vanadyl-treated diabetic rats to insulin (1990)

Vanadium has been reported to have insulin-like properties and has recently been demonstrated to be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic animals. In the present study, concentration dependence of the therapeutic effects of vanadium and the nature of interaction under in vivo conditions between vanadium and insulin were examined in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. During a 2-week period, blood glucose levels in all treated animals were decreased. At higher concentrations of vanadyl this decrease was greater and more rapid, and remained consistently lower for the entire treatment period. Daily intake of vanadyl, however, reached a similar steady state in all groups. Acute administration of submaximal doses of insulin, which had minimal effects in untreated diabetic rats, lowered blood glucose concentrations in vanadyl-treated and vanadyl-withdrawn animals to control levels. Chronic treatment of streptozotocin-diabetic rats with submaximal levels of vanadyl and insulin, ineffective alone, also produced significant decreases in blood glucose levels when used in combination. Finally, the insulin dosage required to maintain a nonglycosuric state in spontaneously diabetic (BB) rats was reduced in the presence of vanadyl. These studies indicate that chronic oral vanadyl treatment (a) produces a concentration-related lowering of blood glucose in diabetic rats, (b) potentiates the in vivo glucose lowering effects of acute and chronic administrations of insulin in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, and (c) substitutes for, or potentiates, the effects of chronic insulin therapy in spontaneously diabetic BB rats.
Mechanism of Human Dermal Fibroblast Migration Driven by Type I Collagen and Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB (2003)

Migration of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) is critical for skin wound healing. The mechanism remains unclear. We report here that platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) is the major promotility factor in human serum for HDF motility on type I collagen. PDGF-BB recapitulates the full promotility activity of human serum and anti-PDGF neutralizing antibodies completely block it. Although collagen matrix initiates HDF migration without growth factors, PDGF-BB-stimulated migration depends upon attachment of the cells to a collagen matrix. The PDGF-BB's role is to provide directionality and further enhancement for the collagen-initiated HDF motility. To study the collagen and PDGF-BB "dual signaling" in primary HDF, we establish "gene cassettes" plus lentiviral gene delivery approach, in which groups of genes are studied individually or in combination for their roles in HDF migration. Focal adhesion kinase, p21(Rac,CDC42)-activated kinase and Akt are grouped into an upstream kinase gene cassette, and the four major mitogen-activated protein kinases (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5) are grouped into a downstream kinase gene cassette. The experiments demonstrate 1) the genes' individual roles and specificities, 2) their combined effects and sufficiency, and 3) the mechanisms of their intermolecular connections in HDF migration driven by collagen and PDGF-BB.
New Phenolic Constituents fromBalanophora polyandra with Radical-Scavenging Activity (2006)

The 80% acetone extract of Balanophora polyandra Griff. (Balanophoraceae) was found to exhibit high radical-scavenging activity (SC(50)=14.48 mug/ml) towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Further chemical investigation led the isolation of two new hydrolysable tannins, balapolyphorins A (1) and B (2), together with 20 known phenolic compounds (3-22). Their structures were established by detailed spectroscopic analysis, and the radical-scavenging properties of all isolated compounds were determined by DPPH assay.