gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Physicochemical Anomalies of Soda-Lime Silicate Slides on Biomolecule Immobilization (2009)

Glass microscope slides are considered by many as the substrate of choice for microarray manufacturing due to their amenability to various surface chemistry modifications. The use of silanes to attach various functional groups onto glass slides has provided a versatile tool for the covalent immobilization of many diverse biomolecules of interest. We recently noted a dramatic reduction in biomolecule immobilization efficiency on standard microscope slides prepared using a well-characterized silanization method. A survey of commercial soda-lime slides yielded the surprising result that slides purchased prior to 2008 had superior immobilization efficiencies when compared to those purchased after 2008. Characterization of the slides by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealed a significant correlation (R > 0.9) between magnesium content, surface roughness, and bioimmobilization efficiency. High performance slides had higher magnesium content and higher root-mean-square (rms) roughness (P < 0.005) than slides with lower bioimmobilization efficiencies. Although the exact mechanism of how magnesium content and surface roughness affect silane deposition has not yet been defined, we show that recent changes in the chemical and physical properties of commercial soda-lime slides affect the ability of these slides to be covalently modified.
Recognition and Structure from One 2D Model View: Observations on Prototypes, Object Classes and Symmetries (1992)

In this note we discuss how recognition can be achieved from a single 2D model view exploiting prior knowledge of an object''s structure (e.g. symmetry). We prove that for any bilaterally symmetric 3D object one non- accidental 2D model view is sufficient for recognition. Symmetries of higher order allow the recovery of structure from one 2D view. Linear transformations can be learned exactly from a small set of examples in the case of linear object classes and used to produce new views of an object from a single view.
The obligatory effects of memory on eye movements (2007)

Previous work has shown that eye movement behaviour is affected by previous experience, such that alterations in viewing patterns can be observed to previously viewed compared to novel displays. The current work addresses the extent to which such effects of memory on eye movement behaviour are obligatory; that is, we examined whether prior experience could alter subsequent eye movement behaviour under a variety of testing conditions, for stimuli that varied on the nature of the prior exposure. While task demands influenced whether viewing was predominantly directed to the novel versus familiar faces, viewing of the familiar faces was distinguished from viewing of the novel faces, regardless of whether the task required incidental encoding or intentional retrieval. Changes in scanning of previously viewed over novel faces emerged early in viewing; in particular, viewing duration of the first fixation to the familiar faces was often significantly different from the duration of the first fixation directed to the novel faces, regardless of whether prior exposure was solely in the context of the experiment or due to real-world exposure. These findings suggest that representations maintained in memory may be retrieved and compared with presented information obligatorily.
[Acupuncture--how effective is it really?]. (1998)

Since acupuncture is now being used more and more in routine healthcare, the question as to its efficacy is certainly justified. The present article is an attempt to provide an answer by tabulating the results of controlled clinical trials relating to pain in general, osteoarthritis, back pain, asthma, giving up smoking, weight reduction, nausea and stroke rehabilitation. Although some studies have shown promising results, the efficacy of acupuncture has not been proven beyond reasonable doubt, except in the case of nausea, for which the evidence is unequivocally positive. It follows that the efficacy of acupuncture requires further clarification by suitable clinical trials.
Mechanisms of mitotic inhibition in corneal endothelium: contact inhibition and TGF-beta2. (2002)

Previous studies from this laboratory showed that corneal endothelial cell proliferation ceases in neonatal rat by postnatal day 13. This timing correlated with the formation of stable cell-cell contacts, implicating contact inhibition as an important mechanism of growth arrest during endothelial development. The current studies showed that coexpression of TGF-beta RI, RII, and RIII occurred too late for TGF-beta2 to have a significant role in inhibiting proliferation during endothelial development. Studies in cultured cells suggest that p27kip1 mediates inhibition of proliferation induced by TGF-beta2, although the response to this cytokine was relatively weak. ICC and RT-PCR of p27kip1 in neonatal endothelium and RT-PCR and Western blot studies in cultured cells indicate that contact inhibition is mediated, in large part, through the activity of p27kip1. These results, together with previous data from this laboratory, strongly suggest that contact inhibition is an important mechanism responsible for inducing cell cycle arrest during corneal endothelial development and for maintaining the mature monolayer in a nonproliferative state. In both cases, contact-induced inhibition is mediated, at least in part, by p27kip1. TGF-beta2 appears not to induce mitotic arrest in the developing endothelium, but may function to maintain the mature endothelium in a nonreplicative state should cell-cell contact be lost in the monolayer.
An efficient and robust tracking system using Kalman Filter (2006)

Electrodynamic responses from three-dimensional topological insulators are characterized by the universal magnetoelectric term constituent of the Lagrangian formalism. The quantized magnetoelectric coupling, which is generally referred to as topological magnetoelectric effect, has been predicted to induce exotic phenomena including the universal low-energy magneto-optical effects. Here we report the experimental indication of the topological magnetoelectric effect, which is exemplified by magneto-optical Faraday and Kerr rotations in the quantum anomalous Hall states of magnetic topological insulator surfaces by terahertz magneto-optics. The universal relation composed of the observed Faraday and Kerr rotation angles but not of any material parameters (for example, dielectric constant and magnetic susceptibility) well exhibits the trajectory towards the fine structure constant in the quantized limit.
Tak the hand (2016)

In this paper David Scott discusses the theology and rites of ordination of the Scottish Reformed tradition and goes on to reflect on more specific aspects of ministry. His paper takes its title from his examination of the rites of ordination according to Knox’s liturgy whereby, rather than being set apart by the laying on of hands, new ministers were welcomed by colleagues who came forward to ‘tak the hand’ of the ordinand. Following on from a historical survey, the paper includes a critical review of the terminology of ministry in the contemporary Church of Scotland and reflects on issues relevant to ministry today such as assessment, training and the nature of ordination.
Supporting Cluster-Based Network Services on Functionally Symmetric Software Architecture (2005)

Server and storage clustering has become a popular platform for hosting large-scale online services. Elements of the service clustering support are often constructed using centralized or hierarchical architectures, in order to meet performance and policy objectives desired by online applications. For instance, a central Executive node can be employed to make efficient resource management decisions based on a complete view of cluster-wide resource availability as well as request demands. Functionality symmetric software architecture can enhance the robustness of cluster-based network services due to its inherent absence of vulnerability points. However, such a design must satisfy performance requirements and policy objectives desired by online services. This paper argues for the improved robustness of functionally symmetric architectures and presents the designs of two specific clustering support elements: energy-conserving server consolidation and service availability management. Our emulation and experimentation on a 117-server cluster show that the proposed designs do not significantly compromise the system performance and policy objectives compared with the centralized approaches.
Comparison of Analytic and Algebraic Methods for Motion-Compensated Cone-Beam CT Reconstruction of the Thorax (2009)

Respiratory motion is a major concern in cone-beam (CB) computed tomography (CT) of the thorax. It causes artifacts such as blur, streaks, and bands, in particular when using slow-rotating scanners mounted on the gantry of linear accelerators. In this paper, we compare two approaches for motion-compensated CBCT reconstruction of the thorax. The first one is analytic; it is heuristically adapted from the method of Feldkamp, Davis, and Kress (FDK). The second one is algebraic: the system of linear equations is generated using a new algorithm for the projection of deformable volumes and solved using the Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (SART). For both methods, we propose to estimate the motion on patient data using a previously acquired 4-D CT image. The methods were tested on two digital and one mechanical motion-controlled phantoms and on a patient dataset. Our results indicate that the two methods correct most motion artifacts. However, the analytic method does not fully correct streaks and bands even if the motion is perfectly estimated due to the underlying approximation. In contrast, the algebraic method allows us full correction of respiratory-induced artifacts.
Automated detection of compressed air leaks using a scanning ultrasonic sensor system (2016)

Compressed air is a costly but useful utility in production facilities. However, losses up to 50 percent are reported due to leakage. In this paper a system for detecting compressed air leaks using its air-coupled acoustic emissions is presented. An ultrasonic microphone is combined with a pan-tilt unit to automatically scan an area. The directivity of the microphone is enhanced using a parabolic mirror or an acoustic horn. The acquired data is used to detect a leak. The influence of the two different microphone setups and several parameters, such as distance, leak size, and obstacles on the success of leak detection are investigated. A detection threshold based on the sound pressure level and the signal-to-noise ratio is determined. The experiments show the feasibility of this method.
Stereomutation of methoxycarbenium ions. 2. Experimental evidence for an inversion process (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereomutation of methoxycarbenium ions. 2. Experimental evidence for an inversion processChristopher Blackburn, Ronald F. Childs, Dieter Cremer, and Juergen GaussCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 8, 2442–2448Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00294a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00294a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views283Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of a blood-free medium and a filtration technique for the isolation of Campylobacter spp. from diarrhoeal stools of hospitalised patients in central Australia (1992)

Single specimens of diarrhoeal stool from 676 patients, mostly aboriginals aged less than 5 years, admitted to Alice Springs Hospital, central Australia, for diarrhoea between Sept. 1988 and Feb. 1989, were examined for Campylobacter spp. by culture on a blood-free medium with selective supplement (BFM; Oxoid) and blood agar overlaid with a membrane filter (FM). Campylobacter spp. were isolated on either BFM or FM or both from 225 patients. Campylobacter spp. were isolated on BFM alone from 75 patients and on FM alone from 213 patients (p less than 0.001; chi 2 test). Most campylobacters isolated on BFM were C. jejuni. All C. jejuni subsp. doylei, all "C. upsaliensis" except one, all C. laridis, C. fetus subsp. fetus and several uncharacterised Campylobacter isolates were isolated on FM only. C. jejuni was isolated on BFM but not FM from several patients, and vice versa. Serotyping of C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from both media showed the serotypes recovered from the two media to be different in some patients. In some patients concurrent infection with several species or serotypes (up to five) of Campylobacter, or both, was shown for the first time by the use of FM. We conclude that the use in combination of a selective medium and a non-selective medium with a filtration technique are better than either medium alone for the isolation of Campylobacter spp.
Ligand-dependent, transcriptionally productive association of the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions of a steroid hormone nuclear receptor. (1995)

The estrogen receptor (ER), a 66-kDa protein that mediates the actions of estrogens in estrogen-responsive tissues, is a member of a large superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors that function as ligand-activated transcription factors. ER shares a conserved structural and functional organization with other members of this superfamily, including two transcriptional activation functions (AFs), one located in its amino-terminal region (AF-1) and the second located in its carboxyl-terminal, ligand-binding region (AF-2). In most promoter contexts, synergism between AF-1 and AF-2 is required for full ER activity. In these studies, we demonstrate a functional interaction of the two AF-containing regions of ER, when expressed as separate polypeptides in mammalian cells, in response to 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and antiestrogen binding. The interaction was transcriptionally productive only in response to E2, and was eliminated by point or deletion mutations that destroy AF-1 or AF-2 activity or E2 binding. Our results suggest a definitive mechanistic role for E2 in the activity of ER--namely, to alter receptor conformation to promote an association of the amino- and carboxyl-terminal regions, leading to transcriptional synergism between AF-1 and AF-2. The productive re assembly of two portions of ER expressed in cells as separate polypeptides demonstrates the evolutionarily conserved modular structural and functional organization of the nuclear hormone receptors. The ligand-dependent interaction of the two AF-containing regions of ER allows for the assembly of a complete activation function from two distinct regions within the same protein, providing a mechanism for hormonally regulated transcription.
Endothelial Responses to Oxidized Lipoproteins Determine Genetic Susceptibility to Atherosclerosis in Mice (2000)

These data provide strong evidence that genetic factors in atherosclerosis act at the level of the vessel wall.
A survey and evaluation of promising approaches for automatic image-based defect detection of bridge structures (2008)

Automatic health monitoring and maintenance of civil infrastructure systems is a challenging area of research. Nondestructive evaluation techniques, such as digital image processing, are innovative approaches for structural health monitoring. Current structure inspection standards require an inspector to travel to the structure site and visually assess the structure conditions. A less time consuming and inexpensive alternative to current monitoring methods is to use a robotic system that could inspect structures more frequently. Among several possible techniques is the use of optical instrumentation (e.g. digital cameras) that relies on image processing. The feasibility of using image processing techniques to detect deterioration in structures has been acknowledged by leading experts in the field. A survey and evaluation of relevant studies that appear promising and practical for this purpose is presented in this study. Several image processing techniques, including enhancement, noise removal, registration, edge detection, line detection, morphological functions, colour analysis, texture detection, wavelet transform, segmentation, clustering and pattern recognition, are key pieces that could be merged to solve this problem. Missing or deformed structural members, cracks and corrosion are main deterioration measures that are found in structures, and they are the main examples of structural deterioration considered here. This paper provides a survey and an evaluation of some of the promising vision-based approaches for automatic detection of missing (deformed) structural members, cracks and corrosion in civil infrastructure systems. Several examples (based on laboratory studies by the authors) are presented in the paper to illustrate the utility, as well as the limitations, of the leading approaches.
Synthesis, Structure, and Greatly Improved Reversible O<sub>2</sub> Binding in a Structurally Modulated μ‐η<sup>2</sup>:η<sup>2</sup>‐Peroxodicopper(<scp>II</scp>) Complex with Room‐Temperature Stability (2003)

Facile O2 release from an oxyhemocyanin model has been achieved for the first time, with the new room-temperature-stable μ-η2:η2-peroxodicopper complex [Cu2O2(L2)]2+ (1). X-ray structural and spectroscopic studies on 1 show that elongation of the CuO bonds, induced by the bridgehead methyl groups of L2, is responsible for the ease of O2 release. CO/O2 binding by 1, monitored by UV/Vis spectroscopy (see picture), is completely reversible.
A Schur Complement Preconditioner for Scalable Parallel Fluid Simulation (2017)

We present an algorithmically efficient and parallelized domain decomposition based approach to solving Poisson’s equation on irregular domains. Our technique employs the Schur complement method, which permits a high degree of parallel efficiency on multicore systems. We create a novel Schur complement preconditioner which achieves faster convergence, and requires less computation time and memory. This domain decomposition method allows us to apply different linear solvers for different regions of the flow. Subdomains with regular boundaries can be solved with an FFT-based Fast Poisson Solver. We can solve systems with 1,024 3 degrees of freedom, and demonstrate its use for the pressure projection step of incompressible liquid and gas simulations. The results demonstrate considerable speedup over preconditioned conjugate gradient methods commonly employed to solve such problems, including a multigrid preconditioned conjugate gradient method.
p53, through p21 (WAF1/CIP1), induces cyclin D1 synthesis. (1995)

Cells induced to accumulate the p53 tumor suppressor protein have been shown to arrest in G1. This arrest is characterized by accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1) and of under-phosphorylated forms of retinoblastoma protein. We show here that accumulation of the wild-type p53 protein in either human or murine cells markedly increases expression of cyclin D1. The induction of cyclin D1 can also be mediated by a target of p53, the p21 (WAF1/CIP1) inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. The relationship between the induction of cyclin D1 and G1 arrest defines a new cellular response to p53.
ChemInform Abstract: Starting Material Oriented Retrosynthetic Analysis in the LHASA Program. Part 1. General Description. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Extractive Alkylation and Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Sulfide (1988)

A sensitive analysis of sulfide in blood was established, using an extractive alkylation technique. Pentafluorobenzyl bromide was used as the alkylating agent, tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride as the phase-transfer catalyst, and potassium dihydrogenphosphate as the buffer to suppress the formation of sulfide. Mass fragmentography was used to identify the sulfide derivative and gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used for quantitative determination, with the lowest limit of detection being about 0.01 microgram/g. The blood level of rats exposed to hydrogen sulfide was also determined.
Medication Calculation Ability of Registered Nurses (1991)

A convenience sample of 110 registered nurses in four western states completed a demographic questionnaire and a 20-item medication calculation test to investigate errors in medication calculation that contribute to medication error rates. Intravenous questions were most difficult, then oral, then intramuscular/subcutaneous items. Nurses erred more when more than one calculation was required and when milligram to grain conversion was needed. Nurses who rated their skill and comfort with medication calculation above average scored higher. Yet 81 percent of the nurses were unable to correctly calculate medications 90 percent of the time and 43.6 percent of the test scores were below 70 percent accuracy. Strategies are suggested which may be used in staff development in identify registered nurse medication calculation abilities and to enhance these skills in practicing nurses.
Scalable Energy-Efficient Distributed Data Analytics for Crowdsensing Applications in Mobile Environments (2015)

We are witnessing a new revolution in computing and communication involving symbiotic networks of people (social networks), intelligent devices, smart mobile computing, and communication devices that will form cyber-physical social systems. The emergence of intelligent devices with monitoring, sensing, and actuation capabilities referred to as Internet of Things and social networks have increased the popularity of novel social applications such as crowdsourcing and crowdsensing. The upsurge of such applications has fostered the need for scalable cost-efficient platforms that can enable distributed data analytics. In this paper, we propose CARDAP, a scalable, energy-efficient, generic and extensible component-based distributed data analytics platform for mobile crowdsensing (MCS) applications. CARDAP incorporates on-the-move activity recognition and a number of energy efficient data delivery strategies using real-time mobile data stream mining. We propose and develop theoretical cost models for typical crowdsensing application scenarios. Experimental evaluations of CARDAP using a proof-of-concept MCS scenario validate the theoretical cost model estimates and demonstrate the platform's ability to deliver significant benefits in energy, resource, and query processing efficiency.