gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Stable Aspirin Washable Ointment. (1994)

We examined the effect of the water content in the ointment on the stability of aspirin in an effort to improve the stability of aspirin washable ointment which we previously reported (JJHP 17 335 (1991)). The measurement of water content of ointments showed that the smaller the water content the more stabilized is the aspirin in ointment.The half-life of aspirin in ointment became longer when polyoxyethylenehydrogenated castor oil 60 was used instead of glyceryl monostearate, and isopropanol instead of crotamiton as the aspirin solvent. The aspirin in the ointment comprising of dehydrated ingredients was found to be stable for at least two months even at room temperature.
HEAT TRANSFER TO CANNED PARTICULATES IN HIGH-VISCOSITY NEWTONIAN FLUIDS DURING AGITATION PROCESSING (2006)

Heat transfer to canned particulate-laden Newtonian high-viscous fluids (Nylon particles suspended in aqueous glycerin solution [40, 60, 80, 90 and 100%, v/v] and motor oil [85W140]) during end-over-end rotation was studied in a pilot-scale, full water-immersion single-cage rotary retort. Computations of conventional fluid-to-particle heat transfer coefficient (hfp) and overall heat transfer coefficient (U) were successful with multiple particles for an entire range of viscosity, but the predicted particle lethality was underestimated. With a single particle in the can, hfpand U calculations were successful only for low-viscosity fluids (40 and 60% glycerin solutions), but again resulted in underestimation of particle lethality. Apparent heat transfer coefficients (hap) between retort and particle surface and apparent overall heat transfer coefficient (Ua) were also evaluated, and this methodology worked well for all cases. Further, the particle lethality predicted using hap better matched the measured values. With a single particle in the can, the associated hap was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by rotation speed, retort temperature, liquid viscosity, particle material and can size. Ua was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by rotation speed and liquid viscosity. The effects of headspace, radius of rotation and particle size were not significant (P > 0.05) on hap and Ua values.
A spotlight on security and privacy risks with future household robots (2009)

Future homes will be populated with large numbers of robots with diverse functionalities, ranging from chore robots to elder care robots to entertainment robots. While household robots will offer numerous benefits, they also have the potential to introduce new security and privacy vulnerabilities into the home. Our research consists of three parts. First, to serve as a foundation for our study, we experimentally analyze three of today's household robots for security and privacy vulnerabilities: the WowWee Rovio, the Erector Spykee, and the WowWee RoboSapien V2. Second, we synthesize the results of our experimental analyses and identify key lessons and challenges for securing future household robots. Finally, we use our experiments and lessons learned to construct a set of design questions aimed at facilitating the future development of household robots that are secure and preserve their users' privacy.
Combating Hyperthermia in Acute Stroke (1998)

The acutely ischemic or traumatized brain is inordinately susceptible to the damaging influence of even modest brain temperature elevations. While controlled clinical investigations will be required to establish the therapeutic efficacy and safety of frank hypothermia in patients with acute stroke, the available evidence is sufficiently compelling to justify the recommendation, at this time, that fever be combatted assiduously in acute stroke and trauma patients, even if "minor" in degree and even when delayed in onset. We suggest that body temperature be maintained in a safe normothermic range (eg, 36.7 degrees C to 37.0 degrees C [98.0 degrees F to 98.6 degrees F]) for at least the first several days after acute stroke or head injury.
Steadicam as a Design Problem (1978)

Using as a starting point inventor Garrett Brown's experimental prototype of a body-mounted device for stabilizing a handheld motion-picture camera, the author and Cinema Products' engineering team set out to design and develop a fully professional and economically viable camera stabilizing system which would yield extremely steady and stable moving shots (on film or tape) while allowing the camera operator to move freely without restrictions. The development of this piece of equipment was a real tour de force, especially because there was no relevant experience to draw on and the engineers were called upon to design most of the system's components “from scratch.” The result was the Academy Award-winning Steadicam™ camera stabilizing system — a system which allows most cameras, whether 35mm, 16mm or video (within certain weight limits), to be mounted, used and interchanged. Thus, a Steadicam unit with appropriate camera and accessories can be used for all types of filming or videotaping by most camera operators whatever the remote location or studio application.
Accident-tolerant fuels (2015)

AccessScience is an authoritative and dynamic online resource that contains incisively written, high-quality educational material covering all major scientific disciplines. An acclaimed gateway to scientific knowledge, AccessScience is continually expanding the ways it can demonstrate and explain core, trustworthy scientific information that inspires and guides users to deeper knowledge.
Activation with superantigens induces programmed death in antigen‐primed CD4<sup>+</sup> class II<sup>+</sup> major histocompatibility complex T lymphocytes via a CD11a/CD18‐dependent mechanism (1993)

Staphylococcal enterotoxin superantigens (SAg) bind class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APC) and upon cell-to-cell contact stimulate proliferation of T cells expressing appropriate V beta gene products. In addition, SAg can also deliver negative signals to Ag-specific T cells resulting in a state of unresponsiveness or a loss of viability. The present study examines the functional consequences of a direct interaction of SAg with alloAg-specific class II MHC+ CD4+ T cell lines (TCL). Our results demonstrate that SAg induce programmed death (apoptosis) in a majority of Ag-specific CD4+ T cells accompanied by genomic DNA fragmentation. SAg binding to Ag-specific TCL resulted in a rapid mobilization of intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and transcription of a number of cytokine genes including interleukin-2(IL-2), IL-4, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and granzyme B indicating the activation of primed T cells. Both SAg-induced cytokine gene expression as well as subsequent death were significantly inhibited by a tyrosine kinase inhibitor herbimycin A and also by cyclosporin A. SAg-induced death of primed T cells was also inhibited by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) directed at the CD11a/CD18 molecule but not those reactive with other T cell surface molecules such as CD2, CD7, CD28, CD29 or CD49d. None of these mAb, including anti-CD11a/CD18, had any effect on SAg-induced expression of IL-2 and IL-4 genes or SAg-induced [Ca2+]i response. Addition of cytokines such as IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha, or TNF-beta), or neutralizing Ab to these cytokines had no effect on SAg-induced death of Ag-specific TCL. The T cells which survived the death-inducing effects of SAg showed down-regulation of the CD3/T cell receptor and up-regulation of CD2 and HLA-DR expression, and upon re-exposure to the same SAg upregulated expression of mRNA for IL-2 and IFN-gamma. Presentation of SAg by B7+ ICAM-1+ LFA-3+ DR+ professional APC was also able to induce the death of Ag-specific TCL. Together these results suggest that the activation with SAg causes programmed death of Ag-specific TCL cells via a mechanism that requires late participation of the CD11a/CD18 molecule.
Parallel Genetic Algorithms: A Survey (1994)

This report provides a wide-ranging survey of parallel genetic algorithms and reviews a number of approaches that have been adopted to parallelise them. A tutorial level introduction to genetic algorithms is given and the underlying mechanisms are described and discussed with many current developments reviewed. These broad classes of parallel genetic algorithms are considered in detail and compared with conventional sequential implementations. It is argued that significant performance benefits can be realised by using distributed population structures and selection mechanisms even when the paradigm is implemented on a sequential machine.
Human-human hybridomas secreting IgM-like immunoglobulin with .ALPHA. and .MU. heavy chains. (1986)

Human-human hybridomas were produced by fusion of a malignant 6-thioguanine resistant human B lymphoblastoid cell line and normal lymphocytes. The fusion efficiency with lymphocytes from peripheral blood was elevated by preculture of the lymphocytes in the presence of lipopolysaccharides. However, the preculture did not enhance the efficiency with lymphocytes from lung cancer tissue. The resulting hybridomas secreted mostly IgG and/or IgM. A small number of hybridomas secreted IgA. Two IgA secreting hybridomas, 9P-13-4 and 9L-27-9 also produced IgM-like immunoglobulin even after repeated cloning, indicating these hybridomas secrete IgA and IgM-like immunoglobulins simultaneously. The IgM-like immunoglobulin has a molecular weight of 900 K and contains 3 monomeric IgMs and 2 IgAs. This indicates that it is therefore possible to produce a IgM-like immunoglobulin binding to two different antigen determinants, by hybridoma technology.
Antibody Purification with AssayMAP, a High Throughput Microchromatography Platform (2012)

The Agilent AssayMAP Bravo microchromatography platform was developed to fulfill a growing demand for a system capable of performing robust, high-throughput analytical scale protein sample preparations. The platform, built on the Agilent Bravo liquid handler, uses a specially modified liquid handling head capable of processing up to 96 samples simultaneously and uses interchangeable AssayMAP cartridges filled with a variety of chromatography media. Ultra-low dead-volume syringes are capable of driving fluids into or out of cartridges at rates from below 1 μL/min. to 375 μL/second for true chromatography performance. Cartridges are available with protein A, streptavidin, and reverse-phase resins. Additional workflows are being added continuously. This work describes purification of poly- and monoclonal antibodies from different media backgrounds constructed to mimic those encountered during antibody screening, production, and scale-up in commercial settings. A well-characterized monoclonal antibody (mAb) was added at different concentrations to phosphate buffered saline or supernatant media harvested from Chinese hamster ovary cell culture. Automated purifications were performed with the AssayMAP platform using cartridges containing immobilized protein A. Yields from each antibody dilution were not altered by the background media, or the presence of up to 10% fetal bovine serum in the media. Examination via LC-MS of molecular weight, and glycosylation patterns of the AssayMAP-purified material were identical to those of the input mAb molecule. Additional media cartridges are being developed to widen the possible uses for this platform. By increasing sample throughput, the AssayMAP Bravo platform will shorten timelines for development of new antibodies for research and therapeutics.
Effects of Insect Density, Trap Depth, and Attractants on the Capture of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) in Stored Wheat (1986)

Journal Article Effects of Insect Density, Trap Depth, and Attractants on the Capture of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) in Stored Wheat Get access N. D. G. White, N. D. G. White Agriculture Canada, Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9 Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. R. Loschiavo S. R. Loschiavo Agriculture Canada, Research Station, 195 Dafoe Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M9 Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 79, Issue 4, 1 August 1986, Pages 1111–1117, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/79.4.1111 Published: 01 August 1986 Article history Received: 10 January 1986 Accepted: 14 April 1986 Published: 01 August 1986
Quantum Addition Circuits and Unbounded Fan-Out (2009)

We first show how to construct an O(n)-depth O(n)-size quantum circuit for addition of two n-bit binary numbers with no ancillary qubits. The exact size is 7n-6, which is smaller than that of any other quantum circuit ever constructed for addition with no ancillary qubits. Using the circuit, we then propose a method for constructing an O(d(n))-depth O(n)-size quantum circuit for addition with O(n/d(n)) ancillary qubits for any d(n)=Ω(log n). If we are allowed to use unbounded fan-out gates with length O(n^c) for an arbitrary small positive constant c, we can modify the method and construct an O(e(n))-depth O(n)-size circuit with o(n) ancillary qubits for any e(n)=Ω(log* n). In particular, these methods yield efficient circuits with depth O(log n) and with depth O(log* n), respectively. We apply our circuits to constructing efficient quantum circuits for Shor's discrete logarithm algorithm.
[Enzymatic biocatalysis in chemical synthesis of pharmaceuticals]. (2018)

In this review we summarize the available research on enzymatic biocatalysis in the chemical synthesis of drugs. We focus on oxydoreductsases, particularly ketoreductases, that are widely used in biotechnological processes: alpha- and omega-transaminases, lipases, nitrile hydrolases, and aldolases. The potential for the extended use of novel enzymes produced via bioengineering is discussed.
Soft tissue augmentation: a review. (2006)

The continuing quest for the ideal dermal filler has led to an abundance of injectable agents. The ideal filler should be easy to manufacture, store, and administer. It should also be inexpensive, nontoxic, nonallergenic, natural appearing, and long lasting. There is not yet a filler that fulfills all of these criteria; each product has its own advantages and disadvantages. This review will examine the diverse array of fillers to date.
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test for identification of new therapeutics and drug combinations against multidrug-resistant bacteria (2016)

Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing has limited screening capability for identifying empirical antibiotic combinations to treat severe bacterial infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. We developed a new antimicrobial susceptibility assay using automated ultra-high-throughput screen technology in combination with a simple bacterial growth assay. A rapid screening of 5170 approved drugs and other compounds identified 25 compounds with activities against MDR Klebsiella pneumoniae. To further improve the efficacy and reduce the effective drug concentrations, we applied a targeted drug combination approach that integrates drugs' clinical antimicrobial susceptibility breakpoints, achievable plasma concentrations, clinical toxicities and mechanisms of action to identify optimal drug combinations. Three sets of three-drug combinations were identified with broad-spectrum activities against 10 MDR clinical isolates including K. pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli. Colistin-auranofin-ceftazidime and colistin-auranofin-rifabutin suppressed >80% growth of all 10 MDR strains; while rifabutin-colistin-imipenem inhibited >75% of these strains except two Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. The results demonstrate this new assay has potential as a real-time method to identify new drugs and effective drug combinations to combat severe clinical infections with MDR organisms.
Electrochemical Investigations of Potassium Ferricyanide and Dopamine by 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoro borate Modified Carbon Paste Electrode: A Cyclic Voltammetric Study (2010)

A carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified by 1-butyl 4-methylpyridinium tetrafluoro borate (BMPTB) was used for the detection of K3Fe(CN)6 and dopamine. Cyclic voltammetric technique demonstrated highly improved response of K3Fe(CN)6 and dopamine at BMPTB /CPE compared to bare CPE with different shape of cyclic voltammorams. The effect of BMPTB concentration on the electrode quality also reveals that BMPTB formed on a CPE surface with a high density of negative charged end directed outside the electrode. The detection limit for modified electrode for K3Fe(CN)6 is 1×10-4 M and dopamine 1 ×10-5 M.
Highly efficient polarization control using subwavelength high contrast transmitarrays (2015)

We report efficient wave plates with different retardations and orientations of fast axes realized using transmitarrays composed of a periodic arrangement of amorphous silicon elliptical cylinders on glass. We show that novel polarization devices which locally rotate the polarization by different angles while preserving the wavefront can be demonstrated using such a high contrast transmitarray. We present design, fabrication and experimental characterization results for near infrared transmissive wave retarders with efficiencies in excess of 90%, and discuss the potential applications of atwill local polarization control enabled by this technology.
Magnesium and zinc complexes of functionalised, saturated N-heterocyclic carbene ligands: carbene lability and functionalisation, and lactide polymerisation catalysis (2009)

The synthesis of magnesium and zinc complexes of bidentate anionic alkoxide ligands with saturated-backbone carbene groups is reported. Mono(ligand) and bis(ligand) complexes [M(L(R))N''](2) and [M(L(R))(2)] (M = Mg, Zn, N'' = N(SiMe(3))(2), L(R) = [OCMe(2)CH(2){CNCH(2)CH(2)NR}] R = (i)Pr, Mes, Dipp) have been isolated, and some structurally characterised and compared with the new unsaturated carbene complex [Mg(L)(2)]. Reactions with silyl halides show either addition across the metal carbene bond, or across the metal alkoxide bond, in accordance with the metals' electronegativity difference: the metal alkoxide bonds are stronger for Mg(II) complexes, for which the carbene is silylated to form zwitterionic [MgI(Me(3)SiL(R))N''] (Me(3)SiL(R) = OCMe(2)CH(2){Me(3)SiCNCH(2)CH(2)NR}) while the metal-bound alkoxide group is silylated in the Zn(II) complexes forming [ZnI(Me(3)SiOL(R))N''] (Me(3)SiOL(R) = Me(3)SiOCMe(2)CH(2){CNCH(2)CH(2)NR}). The proligand [HL(R)] is silylated at the alcohol group, forming the iodide salt [Me(3)SiOCMe(2)CH(2){HCNCH(2)CH(2)NR}]I.Preliminary results on the use of these complexes as initiators for the polymerisation of rac-lactide are reported, and suggest different initiation mechanisms are occurring for the two metals, in agreement with the different silylation reactivity observed. The polymerisation reactions are facile at room temperature even without an initiator, and yield polymers of reasonable molecular weight and heterotacticity and with good PDI. These are the first magnesium NHC complexes demonstrated to effect lactide polymerisation.Also, an adduct instead of the anticipated potassium alkoxycarbene is generated from the reaction of the proligand [HL(R)] with potassium amide KN''; this has been structurally characterised.
Notizen: Elektronegativitäten der Edelgase und einiger Atomionen / Electronegativity of Raregases and Some Atom Ions (1974)

Article Notizen: Elektronegativitäten der Edelgase und einiger Atomionen / Electronegativity of Raregases and Some Atom Ions was published on February 1, 1974 in the journal Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B (volume 29, issue 1-2).
Size-Dependent Magnetic Properties of Single-Crystalline Multiferroic BiFeO<sub>3</sub> Nanoparticles (2007)

As-prepared, single-crystalline bismuth ferrite nanoparticles show strong size-dependent magnetic properties that correlate with: (a) increased suppression of the known spiral spin structure (period length of approximately 62 nm) with decreasing nanoparticle size and (b) uncompensated spins and strain anisotropies at the surface. Zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization curves exhibit spin-glass freezing behavior due to a complex interplay between finite size effects, interparticle interactions, and a random distribution of anisotropy axes in our nanoparticle assemblies.
ΔNp63 regulates thymic development through enhanced expression of FgfR2 and Jag2 (2007)

p63, a homologue of the tumor suppressor p53, is pivotal for epithelial development, because its loss causes severe epithelial dysgenesis, although no information is so far available on the role of p63 in the thymus. We identified the expression of all p63 isoforms in the developing thymus. The p63(-/-) thymi show severe abnormalities in size and cellularity, even though the organ expresses normal levels of keratins 5 and 8, indicating a p63-independent differentiation of thymic epithelial cells (TEC). TEC were sufficiently developed to allow a significant degree of education to produce CD4/CD8 single- and double-positive T cells. To study the selective contribution of transactivation-active p63 (TAp63) and amino-deleted p63 (DeltaNp63) isoforms to the function of the TEC, we genetically complemented p63(-/-) mice by crossing p63(+/-) mice with transgenic mice expressing either TAp63alpha or DeltaNp63alpha under the control of the keratin 5 promoter. Thymic morphology and cellularity were partially restored by complementation with DeltaNp63, but not TAp63, one downstream effector being fibroblast growth factor receptor 2-IIIb (FgfR2-IIIb). Indeed, FgfR2-IIIb is regulated directly by p63, via its interaction with apobec-1-binding protein-1, and its knockout shows thymic defects similar to those observed in p63(-/-) thymi. In addition, expression of Jag2, a component of the Notch signaling pathway known to be required for thymic development, was enhanced by p63 in vivo genetic complementation. Like Jag2(-/-) thymi, p63(-/-) thymi also show reduced gammadelta cell formation. Therefore, p63, and particularly the DeltaNp63 isoform, is essential for thymic development via enhanced expression of FgfR2 and Jag2. The action of DeltaNp63 is not due to a direct regulation of TEC differentiation, but it is compatible with maintenance of their "stemness," the thymic abnormalities resulting from epithelial failure due to loss of stem cells.
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibits Cockroach-Induced Asthma via Induction of IFN-γ<sup>+</sup>Th1 Cells or Foxp3<sup>+</sup>Regulatory T Cells in the Lung (2016)

Collectively, our data suggest that CpG-ODN treatment modulates Th2 inflammation in the lung by induction of regulatory T cells or Th1 response in a cockroach-induced asthma model.