gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy consumption and image quality in wireless video-surveillance networks (2003)

Wireless video-surveillance networks are gaining increasing popularity due to the number of applications they make possible. We address the problem of designing a wireless video-surveillance network so as to optimize its performance. In particular, we investigate the possible trade-offs between energy consumption and image quality. We provide simulation results showing that video compression can be very beneficial in reducing data transmission costs, provided that the energy cost of video compression is low. Moreover, we discuss the impact of compression on image delay.
Affinity maturation of a TNFα‐binding Affibody molecule by Darwinian survival selection (2010)

The introduction of different methodologies for the construction and screening of complex protein libraries has provided powerful means in protein engineering for the development of molecules with desired traits. A challenge faced in many situations is to adapt a given methodology for efficient and rapid identification of the most interesting variants present in a library. In the present study, the concept of Darwinian selection based on a growth advantage for clones having the desired trait has been investigated. Using a beta-lactamase-based PCA (protein fragment complementation assay), affinity maturation of a TNFalpha (tumour necrosis factor alpha)-binding Affibody molecule with an initial 2 nM affinity for the target has been performed. Initial characterization of the PCA system, based on the affinity-driven reconstitution of beta-lactamase activity in the periplasm of cells harbouring a library member showing affinity for a co-expressed target protein, showed that the system was responsive to promoter induction level, interaction affinity and applied selection pressure. Using combinatorial protein engineering principles, a 107 library of second-generation Affibody molecules was constructed and subjected to selection of improved variants by library growth in liquid culture. The results show that, after a pre-selection step on semi-solid medium to eliminate non-binding variants, present in the majority, two rounds of selection in liquid culture resulted in an enrichment for binders showing up to 8-fold higher affinity for the TNFalpha target than the ancestral variant. Biosensor analyses showed that the major factor for the improved affinity could be attributed to reduced off-rate constants.
A 12-Bit Vernier Ring Time-to-Digital Converter in (2010)

A 12-bit Vernier ring time-to-digital converter (TDC) with time resolution of 8 ps for digital-phase-locked-loops (DPLL) is presented. This novel Vernier ring TDC places the Vernier delay cellsandarbitersinaringformatandreusesthemforthemeasure- ment of the input time interval. The proposed TDC thus achieves large detectable range, fine time resolution, small die size and low power consumption simultaneously. A pre-logic unit is developed to measure both positive and negative phase errors for DPLL ap- plications. The TDC achieves a large detectable range of 12 bits with core area of mm in a 0.13 m CMOS tech- nology. The total power consumption for the entire TDC chip is only 7.5 mW with a 1.5 V power supply, while operating at a clock frequency of 15 MSPS.
Dirichlet-Enhanced Spam Filtering based on Biased Samples (2007)

We study a setting that is motivated by the problem of filtering spam messages for many users. Each user receives messages according to an individual, unknown distribution, reflected only in the unlabeled inbox. The spam filter for a user is required to perform well with respect to this distribution. Labeled messages from publicly available sources can be utilized, but they are governed by a distinct distribution, not adequately representing most inboxes. We devise a method that minimizes a loss function with respect to a user's personal distribution based on the available biased sample. A nonparametric hierarchical Bayesian model furthermore generalizes across users by learning a common prior which is imposed on new email accounts. Empirically, we observe that bias-corrected learning outperforms naive reliance on the assumption of independent and identically distributed data; Dirichlet-enhanced generalization across users outperforms a single (one size fits all) filter as well as independent filters for all users.
Baseband analog front-end and digital back-end for reconfigurable multi-standard terminals (2006)

Multimedia applications are driving wireless network operators to add high-speed data services such as EDGE (E-GPRS), WCDMA (UMTS) and WLAN (IEEE 802.11a,b,g) to the existing network. This creates the need for multi-mode cellular handsets that support a wide range of communication standards, each with a different RF frequency, signal bandwidth, modulation scheme, etc. This in turn generates several design challenges for the analog and digital building blocks of the physical layer. In addition to the above mentioned protocols, mobile devices often include Bluetooth, GPS, FM-radio and TV services that can work concurrently with data and voice communication. Multi-mode, multi-band, and multi-standard mobile terminals must satisfy all these different requirements. Sharing and/or switching transceiver building blocks in these handsets is mandatory in order to extend battery life and/or to reduce cost. Only adaptive circuits that are able to reconfigure themselves within the handover time can meet the design requirements of a single receiver or transmitter covering all the different standards while ensuring seamless inter-operability. This paper presents analog and digital base-band circuits that are able to support GSM (with EDGE), WCDMA (UMTS), WLAN and Bluetooth using reconfigurable building blocks. The blocks can trade off power consumption for performance on the fly, depending on the standard to be supported and the required QoS (Quality of Service) level.
Perylene Diimide–Oligonucleotide Conjugates Constructed by Click Chemistry (2007)

Oligonucleotide conjugates were prepared by copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of acetylene-modified oligonucleotides to diazido derivative of perylene 3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide.
THE SLOW OXIDATION OF 2,2-DICHLORVINYL ETHYL ETHER.<sup>1</sup> (1909)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SLOW OXIDATION OF 2,2-DICHLORVINYL ETHYL ETHER.1William FosterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1909, 31, 5, 596–602Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1909Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1909https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01935a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01935a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Electrical transport in narrow-miniband semiconductor superlattices (1991)

Miniband transport in GaAs--AlAs superlattices with narrow band widths is investigated by electrical time-of-flight experiments as a function of temperature. Negative differential velocity is observed in all cases. The low-field drift mobility is inversely proportional to the temperature above 40 K, indicating miniband transport in the nondegenerate case with a temperature-independent scattering time. Below 40 K, the temperature dependence shows the signature of hopping transport. The occurrence of these two transport regimes can be taken as evidence for the existence of a mobility gap in these superlattices.
Structure-Based Virtual Screening for Plant-Based ERβ-Selective Ligands as Potential Preventative Therapy against Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases (2005)

ERbeta has been associated with estrogen-induced promotion of memory function and neuronal survival. Based on the optimized complex structure of human ERbeta LBD bound with genistein, computer-aided structure-based virtual screening against a natural source chemical database was conducted to determine the occurrence of plant-based ERbeta-selective ligands. Twelve representative hits derived from database screening were assessed for their binding profiles to both ERs, three of which displayed over 100-fold binding selectivity to ERbeta over ERalpha.
Rapid prototyping integrated systems (2001)

From the early 1990s, rapid prototyping (RP) system integration has become the desire of both industries and researchers. Presents a summary of findings from the Internet Conference on the state of the art of RP system integration. Attempts to define “integration” and relates it to RP technology. Presents technical issues that can enable RP system integration and the benefits of such integration. Finally, identifies and highlights key requirements for the success of RP integrated systems.
Easy‐to‐Execute Carbonylations: Microwave Synthesis of Acyl Sulfonamides Using Mo(CO)<sub>6</sub> as a Solid Carbon Monoxide Source. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Density-Difference Estimation (2013)

We address the problem of estimating the difference between two probability densities. A naive approach is a two-step procedure of first estimating two densities separately and then computing their difference. However, this procedure does not necessarily work well because the first step is performed without regard to the second step, and thus a small estimation error incurred in the first stage can cause a big error in the second stage. In this letter, we propose a single-shot procedure for directly estimating the density difference without separately estimating two densities. We derive a nonparametric finite-sample error bound for the proposed single-shot density-difference estimator and show that it achieves the optimal convergence rate. We then show how the proposed density-difference estimator can be used in L²-distance approximation. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method in robust distribution comparison such as class-prior estimation and change-point detection.
Well Integrity Evaluation Using Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) on an Operating SAGD Injector Well Influenced by Neighboring Steam Chambers (2015)

Abstract Temperature fall-off logs are routinely performed on a number of operating wells at Statoil's Leismer field to monitor well integrity. So far, all wells have demonstrated normal temperatures in formations overlying the steam chamber, less than steam temperatures, and with fall-offs according to typical heat conduction. However, one injector well did not fall-off as expected after a 24 hour shut-in; instead showed temperatures exceeding 200°C in formations above the steam chamber. An investigation was launched and a multidisciplinary team evaluated possible causes for the high temperatures. A review of 4D seismic data showed that a neighbouring steam chamber was intersecting the wellbore. This led to the hypothesis that the high temperatures were the result of wellbore heating from the neighbouring steam chamber, and a follow-up, extended temperature fall-off log confirmed the hypothesis. The extended logging period confirmed that temperatures outside casing did fall-off, albeit at a slower rate than other wells, due to the heating effect of the neighbouring steam chamber. The temperature log measurements indicate that heat from an intersecting steam chamber can cause a counter-intuitive segregation of steam and water in the wellbore, with condensed liquid water held above steam in the upper section of the well. This case study highlights strategies for interpreting downhole temperature anomalies using temperature logs and 4D seismic, and also the benefits of a well integrity investigation with strong cross-discipline collaboration.
Reducing Diesel Particulate and NOx Emissions via Filtration and Particle-Free Exhaust Gas Recirculation (1995)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A diesel emission control system, which can simultaneously reduce particulate and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions through filtration and particle-free Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) has been developed and tested. The key element of the system is a novel ceramic fitter which has shown virtually complete soot removal from diesel exhaust streams. Regeneration of the filter was accomplished by periodically backpulsing the filter with short pulses of compressed air.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">Testing of the system was carried out using a Caterpillar generator set powered by a 65 kW diesel engine, and a separate load bank which allowed the engine to operate at various load settings. The filter unit consisted of four CeraMem filters (150 mm<sup>2</sup> x 305 mm long, 4 mm<sup>2</sup> cell), a backpulsing system for filter regeneration, and a baghouse for soot collection.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">NO<sub>x</sub> reduction of 75% was achieved at full engine load and a 30% EGR rate. The CO emissions, which increased as a result of the EGR, were reduced to their initial values by utilizing a CO oxidation catalyst mounted downstream of the filter unit. The filter, which exhibited a particle collection efficiency &gt; than 99%, proved to be regenerable after repetitive filtration/regeneration cycles.</div>
Parametric Sensivity Study of Operating and Design Variables in Wellbore Heat Exchangers (2004)

This report documents the results of an extensive sensitivity study conducted by the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. This study investigated the effects of various operating and design parameters on wellbore heat exchanger performance to determine conditions for optimal thermal energy extraction and evaluate the potential for using a wellbore heat exchanger model for power generation. Variables studied included operational parameters such as circulation rates, wellbore geometries and working fluid properties, and regional properties including basal heat flux and formation rock type. Energy extraction is strongly affected by fluid residence time, heat transfer contact area, and formation thermal properties. Water appears to be the most appropriate working fluid. Aside from minimal tubing insulation, tubing properties are second order effects. On the basis of the sensitivity study, a best case model was simulated and the results compared against existing low-temperature power generation plants. Even assuming ideal work conversion to electric power, a wellbore heat exchange model cannot generate 200 kW (682.4e+3 BTU/h) at the onset of pseudosteady state. Using realistic conversion efficiency, the method is unlikely to generate 50 kW (170.6e+3 BTU/h).
Immunogenetics of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile arthritis. (1991)

Starting with the historical background and ending with the most recent data obtained by DNA typing, using PCR and oligonucleotide probes, the role of HLA antigens in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in several forms of juvenile arthritis (JA) is reviewed. RA is thought to be associated with an epitope of the third hypervariable region of DRB1 which is shared by several alleles including DR4-Dw4, Dw14, Dw15, DR1, DRw14.2, and DRw10. Rheumatoid factor-positive JA is also associated with DR4, but in rheumatoid factor-negative JA DR4 is absent, or markedly decreased, suggesting that it has a protective effect. Typing for the HLA-DP alleles has confirmed the association of pauciarticular JA with DPBI*0201. Recent studies in the author's laboratory have shown that DPB1*0301 is the main susceptibility factor for rheumatoid factor-negative polyarticular onset JA. It is of interest that also adult rheumatoid factor-negative RA patients have an increase of DPB1*0301, suggesting that these two clinical subsets may represent related diseases.
Crystallization and Crystallinity of Fluticasone Propionate (2008)

Solubilization of fluticasone propionate (FP) was effected using aqueous solutions of (i) different grades of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), (ii) methanol, and (iii) acetone to enable antisolvent crystallization by the addition of water. The solubility of FP in acetone was significantly higher than in PEG 400 or PEG 6000, and FP solubility was observed to be nonideal in either cosolvent. Crystallization of FP was instantaneous upon addition of water as antisolvent, with nucleation occurring during the mixing phase. The smallest crystals were produced in all cases from PEG solvents, which was attributed to a greater degree of nucleation and microcrystals of a size-range were produced. Crystals produced from PEG solvents also displayed a resistance to agglomeration and Ostwald ripening, which was observed to affect the morphology of FP crystallized from either methanol or acetone by the addition of water. In spite of the very rapid kinetics of solid formation, FP crystallized as the stable Form I polymorph from PEG 400 and PEG 6000. Conversely, mechanical milling of highly crystalline particles resulted in the generation of disorder in the crystals, which was apparent from surface dynamic vapor sorption analysis. The generation of FP microcrystals with a small size range from environmentally benign PEG solvents as the stable crystalline form represents an improvement over current crystallization and micronization techniques for the production of inhalable FP.
Hybrid Liquid Crystal Light Valve-Image Tube Devices for Optical Data Processing (1976)

We report here the feasibility of coupling an image intensifier tube directly with the ac liquid crystal light valve, which is briefly described and characterized in the paper, to form a compact, real-time, incoherent-to-coherent image converter. This hybrid device is capable of sensing image intensity levels of less than 10-6 In addition, the same combination can be used as an image amplifier with an intensity gain of up to 10. In the experiments performed we mated an 18 mm aperture micro-channel plate inten-sifier image tube, with a fiber optic faceplate output, with a 50 mm aperture hybrid field effect liquid crystal that has a fiber optic faceplate input. With an incoherent input image intensity of 3 x 10 ft-candle we observed a limiting resolution of 16 1P/mm in the output coherent image. This resolution limit is determined primarily by the image intensifier tube. MTF data for the hybrid device and the components are also presented, along with a photograph of gray scale image capability. The use of other types of image intensifier tubes, such as those having image storage capability, with the light valve is discussed and performance ranges given. Next we summarize the possible uses of the hybrid device to increase the usefulness of real-time optical data processing. Finally, we describe the application of this device to wavelength conversion and image amplification to provide the large screen projection of dynamic ac plasma panel display imagery.© (1977) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
MODD: a new decision diagram and representation for multiple output binary functions (2004)

This paper presents a new decision diagram (DD), called MODD, for multiple output binary and multiple-valued functions. This DD is canonic and can be made minimal with respect to a given variable order. Unlike other reported DDs, our approach can represent arbitrary combination of bits at the word-level. The preliminary results show that our representation can result in considerable memory saving.
A flexible model supporting the specification and enforcement of role-based authorization in workflow management systems (1997)

In recent years, workflow management systems (WFMSs) have gained popularity both in research as well as in commercial sectors. WFMSs are used to coordinate and streamline business processes of an organization. Often, very
In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloids from <i>Cynanchum </i><i>v</i><i>incetoxicum</i> and <i>Tylophora </i><i>t</i><i>anakae</i> against Drug-Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells (2002)

Two known phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-antofine (1) and (-)-(R)-13aalpha-6-O-desmethylantofine (2), and two new natural products, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-secoantofine (3) and (-)-(R)-13aalpha-6-O-desmethylsecoantofine (4), were isolated from Cynanchum vincetoxicum. The structures of all compounds were established by means of NMR methods including COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC experiments, supported by HRMS and optical rotation data. Cytotoxic activity of the isolated alkaloids, and of three other alkaloids previously isolated from Tylophora tanakae, (-)-(R)-13aalpha-tylophorine (5), (-)-(R)-13aalpha-7-O-desmethyltylophorine (6), and (+)-(S)-13abeta-isotylocrebrine (7), was assessed in vitro using a drug-sensitive KB-3-1 and a multidrug-resistant KB-V1 cancer cell line. Structure-activity relationships in this series of alkaloids are discussed. The IC(50) values of some of the alkaloids are in the low nanomolar range, being thus comparable to the activity of clinically used cytotoxic drugs. Previously reported adverse side effects of these alkaloids could possibly be overcome by modern tissue-specific drug targeting techniques.
Somatosensory evoked potentials as a measure of experimental cerebral ischemia (1985)

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP's) reflect the integrity of the central neuronal pathway, and as such may be used to assess function that remains during a variety of cerebral insults. To evaluate the natural history and utility of SEP's during experimental cerebral ischemia and infarction, SEP's were measured in 17 adult cats at 24 hours and 1 hour prior to right middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, and again immediately afterward and at either 6 hours (five cats) or 24 hours (six cats) post-occlusion. Before occlusion of the right MCA, the SEP's were identical in the right and left hemispheres. After occlusion, there was a significant slowing of the interpeak latency of the first positive peak (P1) in the right hemisphere (3.53 +/- 0.6 msec before compared to 3.99 +/- 0.6 msec after occlusion, p less than 0.001). Maximal slowing in right hemisphere P1 latency was seen in those animals in which the stroke extended into the thalamus (4.38 +/- 0.1 msec). This was significantly slower than left hemisphere values (3.92 +/- 0.32 msec, p less than 0.01). The ipsilateral cortical components of the SEP's, the second positive peak (P2), and the major negative deflection (MN) were slowed in all cats immediately after right MCA occlusion compared to preocclusion measurements (p less than 0.001). Severe infarcts in the mid-suprasylvian and posterior ectosylvian gyri (including the somatosensory cortex) resulted in a greater slowing of the latency of MN compared to less severe infarcts in that region (20.6 +/- 3.9 msec versus 16.4 +/- 1.1 msec, p less than 0.05). There was a precipitous decrease in the amplitude or voltage of the ipsilateral P2-MN complex immediately after occlusion (5.32 +/- 0.4 microV before compared to 0.98 +/- 0.3 microV after occlusion, p less than 0.001). Therefore, the central latencies and cortical amplitudes of the SEP's are sensitive experimental tools as indicators of the onset and extent of a cerebral ischemic insult.