gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
George C Pimentel Wins ACS's Highest Award in Chemistry (1988)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVPeopleNEXTGeorge C Pimentel Wins ACS's Highest Award in ChemistryRUDY M. BAUMView Author Information C&EN San FranciscoCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1988, 66, 16, 17–20Publication Date (Print):April 18, 1988Publication History Published online8 November 2010Published inissue 18 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v066n016.p017https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v066n016.p017announcementACS PublicationsCopyright © 1988 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (911 KB) SUBJECTS:Kinetics,Lasers,Molecules,Spectroscopy Get e-Alerts
The Geometry of Jet Spaces (1998)

Let p: X → V be a smooth fiber bundle, fiber dimension q, over an n-dimensional manifold V. Let τ ⊂ T(V) be a codimension 1 hyperplane field on V (dim τ = n - 1). Recall the smooth affine bundle of jet spaces $$p_{r - 1}^r :X^{\left( r \right)} \to X^{\left( {r - 1} \right)} ,r \geqslant 1.$$ Associated to the hyperplane field τ is a manifold X⊥ and a natural affine R q bundle $$p_ \bot ^r:{X^{\left( r \right)}} \to {X^ \bot }$$ defined below, whose local structure provides the natural geometrical setting for applications of the main analytic approximation results of Chapter III, in particular the C⊥-Approximation Theorem 3.8. This bundle “factors” the affine bundle $$p_{r - 1}^r:X\left( r \right) \to {X^{\left( {r - 1} \right)}}$$ in the following sense. There is a natural affine bundle $$p_{r - 1}^ \bot :{X^ \bot } \to {X^{\left( {r - 1} \right)}}$$ such that, (6.1) $$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {X^{(r)} } & {\xrightarrow{{p_ \bot ^r }}} & {X^ \bot } \\ {p_{r - 1}^r \downarrow } & {} & { \downarrow p_{r - 1}^ \bot } \\ {X^{(r - 1)} } & = & {X^{(r - 1)} } \\ \end{array} $$
Microporous Polymeric Composite Electrolytes from Microemulsion Polymerization (1999)

A new kind of microporous polymeric electrolytes was prepared from microemulsion polymerization of the system containing acrylonitrile (AN), 4-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid lithium salt (VBSLi), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), ω-methoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)40 undecyl-α-methacrylate (C1−PEO−C11-MA-40), and water. The polymerized-microemulsion solids or membranes have open-cell porous microstructures. The water content in membranes can readily be exchanged with many organic solvents such as γ-butyrolactone (BL), a mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) or propylene carbonate (PC) and EC. The membranes can also be filled with electrolyte solutions such as 1 M LiBF4/BL, 1 M LiSO3CF3/PC−EC, or 1 M LiClO4/EC−DMC to form polymeric composite electrolytes. Such composite electrolytes, exhibiting ionic conductivities in the area of 10-3 S cm-1 (25 °C), may be used in many electrochemical devices.
Activity loyalty and recreation participation: a conceptual perspective. (1987)

Marketers have long had an interest in understanding consumers' purchasing/usage patterns. This paper proposes a conceptual definition of activity loyalty. This variable may be central to understanding why individuals develop different rates and frequency of participation.
Dehydroxylation Route to Surface Modification of Mesoporous Silicas by Using Grignard Reagents (2004)

Siliciumatome mit Elektronmangel, die auf einer Silicatoberfläche durch Evakuieren bei über 900 K entstehen, werden von Grignard-Reagentien angegriffen (siehe Bild), was eine neuartige Modifizierung der Oberfläche mesoporöser Silicate ermöglicht, da die organischen Gruppen über Si-C-Bindungen fest an die Oberfläche gebunden sind. Die Porenstruktur der Silicate wird durch die Modifizierung nicht zerstört. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z54076_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Legume Response to Rhizobial Inoculation in the Tropics: Myths and Realities (1992)

The myth that legumes do not respond to inoculation in the tropics is supported by general misconceptions about the promiscuity of tropical legumes and the ubiquity and abundance of tropical rhizobia. In reality, tropical legumes often exhibit some degree of specificity in their rhizobial requirements. Specifically, the response to inoculation will be primarily controlled by the size and effectiveness of indigenous populations of rhizobia, and, to a lesser extent, by the yield potential of the crop and the availability of N from the soil. Because the legume response to rhizobial inoculation involves a complex interaction between the crop, indigenous populations of rhizobia, and soil and environmental conditions, trials to determine the benefit from inoculation should account for these variables. The ultimate goal of continuing programs that involve inoculation trials should be to further quantify the complex interactions of variables determining the response to legume inoculation.
Pushing the Limits (1999)

For the past 30 years, transistor performance and density have doubled every 3 years, but now fundamental thermodynamic limits are being reached in critical areas, and unless new, innovative solutions are found, the current rate of improvement cannot be maintained. Exceeding the maximum thermodynamically stable concentration of dopant atoms in silicon leads to diminished performance as dopant atoms cluster; electron tunneling prohibits reductions in gate oxide thickness; and the transistor dimensions have become so small that small changes in the exact number and distribution of dopant atoms can cause appreciable changes in the device behavior. There are currently no known solutions to these problems, providing a serious challenge for the semiconductor industry.
Topical ocular levocabastine reduces ICAM‐1 expression on epithelial cells both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> (1996)

Levocabastine exerts anti-allergic activity, in that it reduces in vivo inflammatory cell infiltration due to ASCC, and also adhesion molecule expression on conjunctival epithelium. The latter phenomenon may be due, at least in part, to a direct effect of levocabastine on epithelial cells.
Preventing, delaying, and repairing photoaged skin. (1988)

The characteristics of chronologically aged skin should be differentiated from the features of photoaging, which is marked by yellowed, leathery, sagging, wrinkled, elastic skin, as well as underlying connective tissue damage and various benign, premalignant, and malignant neoplasms. Laboratory experiments with the hairless mouse exposed to varying doses of ultraviolet radiation have demonstrated the protective effects of sunscreens, the repair of ultraviolet damage when the skin is no longer bombarded by photons, and the enhancement of that repair by retinoids.
Biodegradable Blends Based on Microbial Poly(3‐Hydroxybutyrate) and Natural Chitosan (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Preparation and Properties Conclusions References
Reductive Electron Transfer and Transport of Excess Electrons in DNA (2003)

In principle, DNA-mediated charge transfer processes can be categorized as either oxidative hole transfer or reductive electron transfer. In research on DNA damage, major efforts have focused on the investigation of oxidative hole transfer or transport, resulting in insights on the mechanisms. On the other hand, the transport or transfer of excess electrons has a large potential for biomedical applications, mainly for DNA chip technology. Yet the mechanistic details of this type of charge transfer chemistry were unclear. In the last two years this mechanism has been addressed in gamma-pulse radiolysis studies with randomly DNA-bound electron acceptors or traps. The major disadvantage of this experimental setup is that the electron injection and trapping is not site-selective. More recently, new photochemical assays for the chemical and spectroscopic investigation of reductive electron transfer and electron migration in DNA have been published which give new insights into these processes. Based on these results, an electron-hopping mechanism is proposed which involves pyrimidine radical anions as intermediate electron carriers.
Printed energy storage devices by integration of electrodes and separators into single sheets of paper (2010)

We report carbon nanotube thin film-based supercapacitors fabricated with printing methods, where electrodes and separators are integrated into single sheets of commercial paper. Carbon nanotube films are easily printed with Meyer rod coating or ink-jet printing onto a paper substrate due to the excellent ink absorption of paper. A specific capacity of 33 F/g at a high specific power of 250 000 W/kg is achieved with an organic electrolyte. Such a lightweight paper-based supercapacitor could be used to power paper electronics such as transistors or displays.
Epithelial Cell Culture Protocols (2012)

Fascinating biology occurs at epithelial interfaces, whether between organism and environment or within body compartments, and many diseases inflicting huge personal and societal burdens result from d
Evaluation of Some Binding Agents for Crustacean Diets (1981)

Abstract Eleven binding agents were added at 3.0% dry weight or less to a trout feed intended for use as a crustacean diet. Moist and dry food pellets were prepared, oscillated in beakers of 30°C water for 24 h, and inspected periodically for integrity. Two to six pellets prepared with each binding agent were tested. Dry pellets were generally less stable than moist ones. Only agar and the sodium alginates Keltone and Kelvis gave 24-h stability for both types of pellets. The alginates, when used with sodium hexametaphosphate as a sequestrant, produced much firmer pellets than agar, and Keltone produced slightly firmer pellets than Kelvis. Less successful binders, in approximate order of decreasing stability, were GFS (a mixture of three natural gums), Viscarin (a sodium carrageenin), a low viscosity chitosan, collagen, guar gum, Vitosan HMW (a chitosan), carboxymethyl cellulose, and cornstarch.
Cdk Inhibition in Human Cells Compromises Chk1 Function and Activates a DNA Damage Response (2005)

Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk) promote cell proliferation, are often deregulated in human cancers, and are targets of ongoing cancer chemotherapy trials. We show here that Cdk activity is also required in human cells to maintain function of the Chk1 pathway, a key component of the response to DNA damage or stalled replication. Chk1 expression was markedly reduced in primary fibroblasts and U2OS osteogenic sarcoma cells by treatment with small molecule Cdk inhibitors or induction of a dominant-negative mutant of Cdk2. The findings of decreased Chk1 activity and accumulation of Cdc25A, a protein targeted for degradation by Chk1, confirmed that Chk1 function was impaired. Furthermore, Cdk inhibition triggered a DNA damage response, characterized by the accumulation of activated forms of ATM and Chk2 as well as nuclear foci containing phosphorylated substrates of ATM/ATR, including histone H2AX (gammaH2AX). Time course experiments showed that the bulk of ATM activation followed Chk1 down-regulation. Chk1 RNA interference combined with partial inhibition of DNA replication was sufficient to evoke the DNA damage response. Conversely, ectopic expression of Chk1 blunted induction of gammaH2AX foci by Cdk inhibitors, indicating that Chk1 down-regulation was necessary to elicit the full phenotype. Finally, both Cdk and Chk1 inhibitors enhanced the cytotoxity of etoposide, a DNA-damaging agent. These results define a pathway through which Cdk inhibition can mediate DNA damage and potentially enhance the efficacy of extant cancer chemotherapies.
Application of simulation to the banking industry (1981)

Computer simulation is examined as a tool to evaluate how the addition of an on line teller terminal system (OLTTS) will affect customer service in a bank. The St. Joseph Bank and Trust Company, in South Bend, Indiana, will be used as a case study bank to provide real data for this study.Before running the simulation model, industrial engineering techniques were used to gather and analyze the data which was needed as input to the model. To analyze the present performance of the bank's tellers, time studies were used to determine customer service times. Pre-determined motion-time data from a bank which installed an on line system was used to estimate customer service times once the OLTTS was added. Statistical techniques were used to reduce the data to several normal distributions.The following section discusses why computer simulation is used and presents an overview of the languages available. The actual model is discussed next, followed by a discussion of other possible uses of computer simulation techniques to solve problems in banking.
Esthetics in fixed and removable prosthodontics shade selection in metal-ceramics. (1992)

Many factors affect selection of the proper shade for metal-ceramic restorations. The purpose of this paper was to present the inherent limitations in accurate shade determination and discuss methods to control these limitations. A systematic approach is presented as an aid for attaining accurate shade selection. Using this approach will enable the dentist to place more esthetic restorations.
Sterically stabilized BGTC-based lipoplexes: structural features and gene transfection into the mouse airwaysin vivo (2001)

Our results represent an important step towards the design of multimodular BGTC-based systems for improved in vivo gene transfection.
Photoactivation of Urocanase in <i>Pseudomonas putida:</i> Possible Role in Photoregulation of Histidine Metabolism (1970)

Irradiation by near-ultraviolet light of cells or extracts of Pseudomonas putida increased the urocanase activity. Irradiated cells exhibited enhanced catabolic activity on histidine and urocanate.
Interferometric interpolation of missing seismic data (2009)

We present an interferometric interpolation method for filling in trace gaps in common shot gathers. There are two steps for implementation: first, virtual traces are created in the trace gaps by cross-correlation of recorded traces in a shot gather followed by summation of correlated trace pairs over all shot positions; secondly, a 1-D matching filter is applied to the predicted events to correct for the wavelet and amplitude distortions. By using a 1- D assumption (assuming a layered medium around the midpoint in a common midpoint gather), the interferometric interpolation method can be applied to common midpoint gathers.
cDNA cloning and expression of guinea pig neutrophil attractant protein-1 (NAP-1). NAP-1 is highly conserved in guinea pig. (1993)

cDNA for neutrophil attractant protein-1 (NAP-1, also known as IL-8) was cloned from Con A-stimulated guinea pig spleen cells with human NAP-1 cDNA as a probe. Guinea pig NAP-1 cDNA is composed of 1433 bp with an open reading frame which encodes for a 101-amino-acid protein. Guinea pig NAP-1 had 70% amino acid sequence similarity to human NAP-1, which was much higher than a similarity between human and guinea pig monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) (56%). Nucleotide sequence similarity within the coding region was 75%. To confirm its biological activity in guinea pig, recombinant guinea pig NAP-1 was expressed in COS-7 cells then purified. N-terminal sequence analysis gave two different N-termini at position 23 (Met) or 24 (Val). The two proteins showed their peak activity for guinea pig neutrophils at the concentration of 1 microgram/ml (10-7 M). Despite its high similarity to human NAP-1, the responsiveness of human neutrophils to guinea pig NAP-1 was minimum. Recombinant guinea pig NAP-1 caused strong neutrophil infiltration after intradermal injection into guinea pig skin. Since guinea pig is classified as a rodent, it was of interest to know whether human NAP-1 cDNA hybridizes to genomic DNA of other rodents such as mouse or rat, in which a NAP-1 homologue has not been found. Under low stringency conditions, human NAP-1 cDNA hybridized to human, rabbit, and guinea pig DNA, but not to mouse or rat DNA. Unlike NAP-1, human MCP-1 cDNA hybridized to genomic DNA of rabbit, guinea pig, mouse, and rat; MCP-1 cDNA have been cloned from these species. The apparent absence of a NAP-1 gene in mouse or rat makes this chemoattractant unique among the members of the protein family to which NAP-1 and MCP-1 belong.
Radiation damaged silicon as a semi-insulating relaxation semiconductor: static electrical properties (1999)

From the static current-voltage properties of irradiated silicon p-i-n diodes we develop a semi-quantitative model based on established relaxation semiconductor theory for forward and reverse bias. The properties of such diodes when used as photodiodes or ionized particle detectors are also described and analysed. The basic properties of this semi-insulating, relaxation semiconductor device are described together with possible applications. The same behaviour is observed in semi-insulating GaAs and other compound semiconductor diodes so that the analysis is also suitable for them and devices incorporating such diodes in substrates, such as MESFETS.
Experimental Inoculation of Peromyscus Spp. with Borrelia Burgdorferi: Evidence of Contact Transmission (1986)

In order to determine if Peromyscus spp. could become infected with the Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) by direct inoculation and to determine the duration of spirochetemia, 4 P. leucopus and 5 P. maniculatus were inoculated by the intramuscular, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes with an isolate of B. burgdorferi obtained from the blood of a trapped wild P. leucopus from Camp McCoy, Wisconsin. All of the mice developed antibodies to B. burgdorferi which reached a peak indirect immunofluorescent (IFA) geometric mean antibody titer of 10 log2 21 days post-inoculation. B burgdorferi was recovered from the blood of 1 P. maniculatus 21 days post-inoculation. One uninfected Peromyscus of each species was housed in the same cage with the infected Peromyscus as a contact control. Both of the contact controls developed IFA B. burgdorferi antibodies by day 14, indicating contact infection. To determine if B. burgdorferi was being transmitted by direct contact, 5 uninfected P. leucopus and 5 uninfected P. maniculatus were caged with 3 B. burgdorferi infected P. leucopus and 3 infected P. maniculatus, respectively. Each of these contact-exposed P. leucopus and P. maniculatus developed antibodies to B. burgdorferi, and B. burgdorferi was isolated from the blood of 1 contact-exposed P. maniculatus 42 days post-initial contact. These findings show that B. burgdorferi can be transmitted by direct contact without an arthropod vector.
Germ-line reinsertions of AKR murine leukemia virus genomes in Akv-1 congenic mice. (1980)

Congenic mouse strains NIH,Akv-1 and NIH,Akv-2 carry the two high ecotropic virus-inducing loci of the AKR mouse on the NIH Swiss genetic background. Progeny tests of animals in three separate congenic families show that both Avk-1 and Akv-2 are stably transmitted as classical mendelian loci in these mice. However, during the process of inbreeding, additional chromosomal viral loci were detected in several NIH.Akv-1 sublines. These loci appeared only in the progeny of virus-positive females. They segregate with mendelian ratios, are unlinked to markers on chromsome 7 near Akv-1, and are phenotypically expressed as high-virus-inducing loci. The generation of new loci for viurs induction, no doubt resulting from the rare germ-line reintegration of the endogenous ectropic provirus, represents a unique form of gene duplication and rearrangement.
Research on the Key Technologies of Asynchronous Circuit Design Based on Petri Net (2008)

Petri Net is an important tool of modeling asynchronous and subsequent events. The asynchronous circuit which represented by asynchronous processor has been given great attention for its advantage in solving clock skew and reducing power consuming. A major problem is the absence of mature asynchronous EDA (Electronic Design Automatic) tools to support the asynchronous design style. In this paper we will study the asynchronous circuit by using Petri net method which can describe the behavior of circuits in low-level, including sequential information and describe concurrent behavior clearly. It doesn't depend on the EDA tools which is designed for asynchronous circuit. We also construct a Petri model of an asynchronous controller, then simulating and implement. At last implement a FIFO by this way. The result shows that it can design the asynchronous circuit efficiently.
Cross-Channel Customer Mapping (2008)

In multi-channel setting (for example, Web channel and storefront), one often is required to generate an integrated view of customers across channels for making better CRM, marketing and merchandizing decisions. It is essential to identify a customer uniquely across channels to generate an integrated customer view. It is often not feasible to impose a unique identifier on a customer across channels. Moreover, a customer may not provide true demographic information, making it even more difficult to track. In the absence of a unique identifier and correct demographic information, the behavioral signature of a customer can perhaps be used to track customer across channels (cross-channel customer mapping) where behavioral signature comprises of the channel-independent behavioral characteristics. We define certain channel-independent behavioral characteristics that are easily computable and adaptable with incremental information gain. We then provide algorithms to match behavioral signatures across channels. We demonstrate our methodology using 'safeway' data, where we achieved significant accuracy, for example, over 90% for the high value customers.
Optical bistability based on self-focusing (1981)

We experimentally demonstrate a fundamentally new type of intrinsic optical bistability that requires no resonant optical cavity. Operation is based on mutual self-focusing of counterpropagating laser beams in a nonlinear medium.
Optimal control methods for rapidly time-varying Hamiltonians (2011)

In this article, we develop a numerical method to find optimal control pulses that accounts for the separation of timescales between the variation of the input control fields and the applied Hamiltonian. In traditional numerical optimization methods, these timescales are treated as being the same. While this approximation has had much success, in applications where the input controls are filtered substantially or mixed with a fast carrier, the resulting optimized pulses have little relation to the applied physical fields. Our technique remains numerically efficient in that the dimension of our search space is only dependent on the variation of the input control fields, while our simulation of the quantum evolution is accurate on the timescale of the fast variation in the applied Hamiltonian.