gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Blood outgrowth endothelial cells from Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia patients reveal abnormalities compatible with vascular lesions (2005)

Decreased endoglin expression, impaired TGF-beta signalling, disorganized cytoskeleton, and failure to form cord-like structures are common characteristics of endothelial cells from HHT patients. These features may lead to fragility of small vessels and bleeding characteristic of the HHT vascular dysplasia and to a disrupted and abnormal angiogenesis, which may explain the clinical symptoms associated with this disease.
The dark side of light at night: physiological, epidemiological, and ecological consequences (2007)

Organisms must adapt to the temporal characteristics of their surroundings to successfully survive and reproduce. Variation in the daily light cycle, for example, acts through endocrine and neurobiological mechanisms to control several downstream physiological and behavioral processes. Interruptions in normal circadian light cycles and the resulting disruption of normal melatonin rhythms cause widespread disruptive effects involving multiple body systems, the results of which can have serious medical consequences for individuals, as well as large-scale ecological implications for populations. With the invention of electrical lights about a century ago, the temporal organization of the environment has been drastically altered for many species, including humans. In addition to the incidental exposure to light at night through light pollution, humans also engage in increasing amounts of shift-work, resulting in repeated and often long-term circadian disruption. The increasing prevalence of exposure to light at night has significant social, ecological, behavioral, and health consequences that are only now becoming apparent. This review addresses the complicated web of potential behavioral and physiological consequences resulting from exposure to light at night, as well as the large-scale medical and ecological implications that may result.
A new protein folding screen: Application to the ligand binding domains of a glutamate and kainate receptor and to lysozyme and carbonic anhydrase (1999)

Production of folded and biologically active protein from Escherichia coli derived inclusion bodies can only be accomplished if a scheme exists for in vitro naturation. Motivated by the need for a rapid and statistically meaningful method of determining and evaluating protein folding conditions, we have designed a new fractional factorial protein folding screen. The screen includes 12 factors shown by previous experiments to enhance protein folding and it incorporates the 12 factors into 16 different folding conditions. By examining a 1/256th fraction of the full factorial, multiple folding conditions were determined for the ligand binding domains from glutamate and kainate receptors, and for lysozyme and carbonic anhydrase B. The impact of each factor on the formation of biologically active material was estimated by calculating factor main effects. Factors and corresponding levels such as pH (8.5) and L-arginine (0.5 M) consistently had a positive effect on protein folding, whereas detergent (0.3 mM lauryl maltoside) and nonpolar additive (0.4 M sucrose) were detrimental to the folding of these four proteins. One of the 16 conditions yielded the most folded material for three out of the four proteins. Our results suggest that this protein folding screen will be generally useful in determining whether other proteins will fold in vitro and, if so, what factors are important. Furthermore, fractional factorial folding screens are well suited to the evaluation of previously untested factors on protein folding.
Hybrid lead-acid/lithium-ion energy storage system with power-mix control for light electric vehicles (2016)

The performance versus cost tradeoffs of a fully electric, hybrid energy storage system (HESS), using lithium-ion (LI) and lead-acid (PbA) batteries, are explored in this work for a light electric vehicle (LEV). While LI batteries typically have higher energy density, lower internal resistance and longer lifetime than PbA batteries, the module cost of LI batteries are typically three to five times the cost of PbA batteries. The objective is to design a HESS that 1) is cost-competitive with a PbA single energy storage system (SESS) and 2) maintains most of the performance benefits of a lithium SESS. A modular HESS architecture with a bi-directional dc-dc converter and controller is proposed, and a power-mix algorithm with active inter-chemistry battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing is presented, simulated, and verified experimentally. The batteries, converter and control algorithm are modeled in MATLAB, and the effects of total ESS energy, vehicle loading, depth-of-discharge (DOD), and speed are explored. The cost and performance of the HESS are assessed side-by-side with PbA and LI single energy storage system (SESS) configurations of comparable total energy, using expected vehicle range as the performance metric. The experimental HESS has a total projected cost midway between the SESS PbA cost and the SESS Li cost, while providing 17% range and 22.5% efficiency increase over the SESS PbA vehicle.
CRC handbook of animal models for the rheumatic diseases (1988)

Volume II: The Biology of Cartilage and Synovium in Animal Models of Osteoarthritis Rabbit Partial Medial Meniscectomy Partial Lateral Meniscectomy with Section of Fibular Collateral and Sesamoid Ligaments in the Rabbit Ligament Transection Model of Osteoarthritis Cartilage Atrophy Induced by Limb Immobilization Surgically Induced Osteoarthritis in Guinea Pigs Crystal-Induced Joint Inflammation Spontaneous and Experimental Articular and Periarticular Calcification Bioethical Obligations to Animals Used in Research Radiographic Analysis of Experimental Rat Arthritis The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Roidents Animal Models for the Assay of Gastrointestinal Toxicity ofAnti-Inflammatory Drugs Index
[Expression of cell adhesion molecule and nitric oxide synthase in nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis]. (2006)

These adhesion molecules might be involved in edema, exudation and infiltration of inflammatory cells of nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis patients. The number of nNOS, iNOS positive cell in inferior concha mucosa in allergic rhinitis patients was significant higher than in normal control. It suggests that nNOS and iNOS might be involved in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.
Eddy current testing of anomalies in conductive materials. I. Qualitative imaging via diffraction tomography techniques (1991)

The authors consider the analysis of eddy current testing of defects in conductive materials. The authors investigate the application of reflection-mode diffraction tomography (DT) imaging techniques. First, exact synthetic data are calculated for various canonical configurations using a method of moments, and they are compared with those calculated by a finite-element code and with experimental data. Analysis of these data in particular evidences interest and some limitations of the Born approximation. Second, two imaging algorithms are proposed and investigated from numerical simulations; the first directly originates from ultrasonic DT where most of the attenuation is neglected, and the other approximately accounts for the skin effect.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Properties of YBa2Cu3Ox-delta films on textured Ag tapes (2000)

Two types of biaxial textured tape, Ag{110}[112] and Ag{100}[001], have been produced by different rolling and recrystallization from a pure (> 99.95%) Ag plate. YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) films were then prepared on the Ag tapes by use of pulsed laser deposition (PLD). DC transport measurement revealed that die films on Ag(110)(112) tape have a critical current density (J(c)) in the range of 4-6 X 10(5) A/cm(2) (77 K, 0 T), while the J(c) values of YBCO films on Ag(100)(001) tape, prepared under the same conditions, were lower. Accordingly, X-ray diffraction (XRD) produced sharp spots in the pole-figure of YBCO on the Ag(110)(112) tape, which confirms the presence of a texture in the YBCO film. The pole-figure of the YBCO film on Ag(100)(001) did not show a preferred in-plane orientation. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Bioinvasions of the Medfly Ceratitis capitata: Source Estimation Using DNA Sequences at Multiple Intron Loci (1999)

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a devastating agricultural pest that threatens to become established in vulnerable areas such as California and Florida. Considerable controversy surrounds the status of Californian medfly infestations: Do they represent repeated introductions or the persistence of a resident population? Attempts to resolve this question using traditional population genetic markers and statistical methods are problematic because the most likely source populations in Latin America were themselves only recently colonized and are genetically very similar. Here, significant population structure among several New World medfly populations is demonstrated through the analysis of DNA sequence variation at four intron loci. Surprisingly, in these newly founded populations, estimates of population structure increase when measures of subdivision take into account the relatedness of alleles as well as their frequency. A nonequilibrium, likelihood-based statistical test that utilizes multilocus genotypes suggests that the sole medfly captured in California during 1996 was introduced from Latin America and was less likely to be a remnant of an ancestral Californian population. Many bioinvasions are hierarchical in nature, consisting of several sequential or overlapping invasion events, the totality of which can be termed a metainvasion. Phylogenetic data from multilocus DNA sequences will be vital to understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes that underlie metainvasions and to resolving their constituent levels.
Problems of Land Tenure and Food Production in Northwestern Mexico (1990)

Much recent attention has been focused on the effects of the shift from subsistence to market production, with some research pointing to declines in food consumption and nutritional status, and other data suggesting the contrary. A region in north-western Mexico tried to dedicate itself to production for the market. The outcome of this project illustrates why people in this area do not either grow more food for their own consumption or produce more to sell so they can purchase more food. The data discussed point to the importance of unresolved problems over land tenure and resulting agricultural strategies as constraints on food production.
Video Google: a text retrieval approach to object matching in videos (2003)

We describe an approach to object and scene retrieval which searches for and localizes all the occurrences of a user outlined object in a video. The object is represented by a set of viewpoint invariant region descriptors so that recognition can proceed successfully despite changes in viewpoint, illumination and partial occlusion. The temporal continuity of the video within a shot is used to track the regions in order to reject unstable regions and reduce the effects of noise in the descriptors. The analogy with text retrieval is in the implementation where matches on descriptors are pre-computed (using vector quantization), and inverted file systems and document rankings are used. The result is that retrieved is immediate, returning a ranked list of key frames/shots in the manner of Google. The method is illustrated for matching in two full length feature films.
Comparison of the sequences of the <i>Aspergillus nidulans hxB</i> and <i>Drosophila melanogaster ma‐l</i> genes with <i>nifS</i> from <i>Azotobacter vinelandii</i> suggests a mechanism for the insertion of the terminal sulphur atom in the molybdopterin cofactor (2000)

The molybdopterin cofactor (MoCF) is required for the activity of a variety of oxidoreductases. The xanthine oxidase class of molybdoenzymes requires the MoCF to have a terminal, cyanolysable sulphur ligand. In the sulphite oxidase/nitrate reductase class, an oxygen is present in the same position. Mutations in both the ma-l gene of Drosophila melanogaster and the hxB gene of Aspergillus nidulans result in loss of activities of all molybdoenzymes that necessitate a cyanolysable sulphur in the active centre. The ma-l and hxB genes encode highly similar proteins containing domains common to pyridoxal phosphate-dependent cysteine transulphurases, including the cofactor binding site and a conserved cysteine, which is the putative sulphur donor. Key similarities were found with NifS, the enzyme involved in the generation of the iron-sulphur centres in nitrogenase. These similarities suggest an analogous mechanism for the generation of the terminal molybdenum-bound sulphur ligand. We have identified putative homologues of these genes in a variety of organisms, including humans. The human homologue is located in chromosome 18.q12.
In Situ Phosphorus-doped Polysilicon For Integrated Mems (2005)

In this paper we present a detailed study of in situ phosphorus-doped polysilicon deposition for microstructure fabrication. The dependence of deposition rate, resistivity and residual stress of the polysilicon films on the phosphine to silane mole ratio (PH/sub 3/ / SiH/sub 4/) and the deposition temperature are examined. Deposition at 590/spl deg/C and a PH/sub 3/ / SiH/sub 4/ mole ratio of 3.2x10/sup -3/ followed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 900/spl deg/C for 60 s results in films with a deposition rate of 42 /spl Aring//min, a resistivity of 0.8 m/spl Omega/cm and a tensile residual stress of 36 MPa. In addition, films deposited at 585/spl deg/C and a PH/sub 3// SiH/sub 4/ mole ratio of 3.2x10/sup -3/ followed by RTA at 900/spl deg/C have a very small strain gradient and therefore exhibit little microstructure warpage. A 2 /spl mu/m thick, 1000 /spl mu/m long polysilicon cantilever beam shows an end deflection of less than 0.2 /spl mu/m.
Pola Konsumsi Pangan Pokok di Beberapa Propinsi di Indonesia (2016)

<strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Dengan menggunakan data Susenas disertai beberapa penyesuaian untuk menghitung konsumsi energi dari makanan jadi dan makanan lainnya, tulisan ini menelaah tentang pola konsumsi pangan pokok dan struktur pengeluaran pangan sumber karbohidrat di beberapa propinsi di Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat konsumsi beras di daerah pedesaan secara umum relatif lebih tinggi daripada di perkotaan, demikian halnya untuk konsumsi jagung dan umbi-umbian. Tingkat konsumsi beras tertinggi di Jawa adalah Jawa Barat, sedangkan diluar Jawa adalah DI. Aceh (pedesaan) dan Nusa Tenggara Barat (perkotaan). Propinsi yang mempunyai pola konsumsi makanan pokok tunggal (beras) adalah DKI dan Aceh, sedangkan propinsi yang lain memiliki pola konsumsi makanan pokok yang berbeda yaitu beras, jagung, umbi-umbian dan sagu yang masing-masing bervariasi urutannya berdasar besarnya sumbangan energinya. Sementara itu ditemukan pula bahwa pengeluaran untuk padi-padian merupakan proporsi terbesar diantara pengeluaran pangan yang lain. Kecukupan konsumsi energi rumahtangga sebagian besar bertumpu pada beras. Oleh sebab itu disarankan perlunya peningkatan penyuluhan gizi kepada rumah tangga agar konsunmsi pangan sumber karbohidrat tidak tertumpu pada beras saja. Peningkatan konsumsi makanan selain beras tidak harus sebagai pangan pokok tetapi dapat berbentuk makanan selingan. Untuk itu perlu didukung oleh usaha peningkatan teknologi pengolahan pangan non beras.
Identification of a Common Lupus Disease-Associated microRNA Expression Pattern in Three Different Murine Models of Lupus (2010)

The identification of common lupus disease-associated miRNAs now forms the basis for the further investigation of the pathogenic contribution of these miRNAs in autoimmune lupus, which will advance our knowledge of the role of miRNAs in autoimmunity. Given that miRNAs are conserved, with regard to both evolution and function, our observation of a common lupus disease-associated miRNA expression pattern in murine lupus models is likely to have significant pathogenic, diagnostic, and/or therapeutic implications in human lupus.
Silicalite Membrane Preparation, Characterization, and Separation Performance (2001)

Silicalite membranes were prepared by a single hydrothermal synthesis on seeded porous tubular supports. The support tubes were simply seeded by a water slurry of silicalite particles or by repeated dip coating in a suspension of colloidal silicalite particles. It was found that a crystal growth behavior was strongly dependent on seeds. Silicalite crystals slowly grew onto the unseeded and nanoscale-silicalite-seeded supports under the present synthesis conditions, leading to the formation of an incompact crystal layer, especially on the unseeded support. On the other hand, silicalite crystals preferentially grew onto the support tubes seeded with silicalite powders (particle size up to 4 μm) under the same synthesis condition. The silicalite seed particles mainly provided nucleation sites and enhanced silicalite crystal growth in all directions onto the support, resulting in the formation of a thin and dense crystal layer. The higher crystallization temperature, faster crystal growth rate is the favorable condition for preparation of the silicalite membranes with high pervaporation performance. For example, the high ethanol/water separation factor of 89 with a high flux of 1.8 kg/m2·h for a feed concentration of 5 wt % ethanol at 60 °C was obtained through the silicalite membranes prepared on silicalite-seeded α-Al2O3 tubes at 185 °C for 5.5 h of hydrothermal treatment. The silicalite membranes prepared by the same method also showed good separation for n-butane and isobutane (an ideal separation factor larger than 10 at 200 °C).
The Effect on Antigenic Specificity of Changes in the Molecular Structure of Ribonuclease (1963)

Abstract Antigenic determinants of proteins apparently involve considerable lengths of the amino acid chain (1). Because of molecular folding, chemical groups on the surface of the molecule which might constitute an antibody binding site could be widely separated in the amino acid sequence. Changes in the three dimensional configuration of a protein, by altering the topography of such binding sites, should interfere with its immunologic specificity. The availability of a method for altering the spacial configuration of a purified protein, ribonuclease, to new and reasonably stable three dimensional structures without chemically changing the amino acid residues, offered an opportunity for testing this hypothesis. Procedures which grossly denature proteins are known to result in a loss of antigenic specificity (2, 3), but the molecular changes caused by such methods are ill-defined. They probably involve covalent changes in a number of amino acid residues.
Novel Sesquiterpenes from the Mycelial Cultures of <i>Dichomitus squalens</i> (2011)

Abstract Four novel sesquiterpenes, 5‐hydroxydichomitol ( 1 ), dichomilludol ( 2 ), 3 β ,13‐dihydroxyledol ( 3 ), and 2 β ,3 β ,13‐trihydroxyledol ( 4 ), were isolated along with 2 β ,13‐dihydroxyledol ( 5 ) from the AcOEt‐soluble fraction of the mycelial solid cultures of Dichomitus squalens. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. The previously assigned structure of dichomitol was revised.
Chondroitinase-Producing Bacteria in Natural Habitats (1975)

A search was undertaken for bacteria which degrade chondroitin sulfate in nature and to find bacteria with a usefully high rate of chondroitinase (ChSase) productivity. First, 253 ChSase-producing bacteria were obtained from aquatic and land environments in Japan by aerobic and anaerobic screening methods. Identification according to Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology or Bain and Shewan (1968) permitted assignment of the majority of the isolates to seven genera, Aeromonas, Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Beneckea, Proteus, Micrococcus, and Arthrobacter. Next, ChSase productivities of all the isolates were compared with those of two established ChSase-producing stock strains, Proteus vulgaris NCTC 4636 and Flavobacterium heparinum ATCC 13125. As a result, special attention was given to production by a strain of Aeromonas sp. of large quantities of extracellular ChSase-AC. None of the isolates from the current study displayed significant ChSase-ABC productivity. Finally, ChSase-AC was prepared from the culture fluid of the Aeromonas strain by fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography on phospho-cellulose and diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. It was concluded that the Aeromonas strain may represent a profitable source of the enzyme ChSase-AC.
A 4/spl times/8 APD array, consisting of two monolithic silicon wafers, coupled to a 32-channel LSO matrix for high-resolution PET (2001)

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) offer new design options for high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) detectors. The goal of this study was the design of a very compact PET detector module with two layers. For this purpose, new monolithic arrays of 4/spl times/8 densely packed APDs (each with a 1.6/spl times/1.6 mm/sup 2/ sensitive area) were developed and evaluated for their suitability to read out 32 small (2/spl times/2/spl times/6 mm/sup 3/) lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) crystals. The gain of the APDs was about 100, its standard deviation within an array was less than 12%. The average dark current was less than 45 nA per pixel, and the detector capacitance was about 12 pF. Energy resolution was 15% for gamma-rays with 511 keV. The time resolution was 2.5 ns (full-width at half-maximum). A high-reflectivity foil was used to hold all 32 individual crystals in a matrix. This matrix was glued directly on the APD array. The light crosstalk between the channels was only 7.9%. Together with a specially developed 16-channel low-noise JFET-CMOS preamplifier chip, a compact front-end detector module was built. The monolithic APD arrays proved to be stable and may, in combination with lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) crystals, facilitate the design of various detector geometries, such as panels or multilayer modules.
Quantum theory of coherent transverse optical magnetism (2009)

Density matrix theory is presented to explain recent experimental observations of intense optically induced magnetism due to a “mixed” type of nonlinearity proportional to the product of the electric- and magnetic-field strengths of light. Two previously unknown quadratic optical effects are predicted--namely, transverse optical magnetization and magnetic charge separation--and quantitative agreement is obtained with experimental results regarding the former of these. The mechanistic origin of a third quadratic nonlinearity, namely, magneto-electric second-harmonic generation, which is familiar on a phenomenological basis in classical nonlinear optics, is also examined. Transverse optical magnetism is shown to enable large permeability changes at optical frequencies accompanied by magnetic dispersion near resonances. This phenomenon provides for all-optical generation of magnetic moments, large transverse magnetic fields, static electric dipoles, and terahertz radiation in (unbiased) transparent homogeneous dielectrics or semiconductors. Intriguing possibilities for applications are considered, including magneto-electric refractive index modification, optical electric power generation, and spin control.