gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Daily CT Measurement of Needle Applicator Displacement during Multifractionated High-dose-rate Interstitial Brachytherapy for Postoperative Recurrent Uterine Cancer (2012)

We investigated daily needle applicator displacement during multifractionated high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) for postoperative recurrent uterine cancer. Eight patients with postoperative recurrent uterine cancer received HDR-ISBT with or without external beam radiotherapy using our unique ambulatory technique. To analyze displacement, we obtained daily computed tomography (CT) images for 122 flexible needle applicators at 21, 45, 69, and 93 hours after implantation. Displacement was defined as the length between the center of gravity of titanium markers and the needle applicator tips along the daily CT axis. For cases in which displacement was not corrected, we also calculated the dose that covered 90% of the clinical target volume (D90(CTV)) using a dose-volume histogram (DVH). Median caudal needle applicator displacement at 21, 45, 69, and 93 hours was 3, 2, 4, and 5 mm, respectively. More than 15 mm displacement was observed for 2% (2 of 122) and 17% (10 of 60) of needle applicators at 21 and 93 hours, respectively. Cases in which dwell positions were not changed to correct the treatment plan, 2 of 8 patients showed more than 10% reduction in D90(CTV) values compared with the initial treatment plan. Correction of dwell positions of the treatment source improves treatment DVH for multifractionated HDR-ISBT.
Dialoguing with an Online Assistant in a Financial Domain: The VIP-Advisor Approach (2006)

Virtual assistants are a promising business for the near future in the web era. This implies that the supporting applications have to be endowed with advanced capabilities to service offerings and to communicate with the users in a more direct and natural way. This paper presents the agent-based architecture of the virtual assistant and focuses on the dialogue module. The content exchange between the agents is based on communicative acts to cope with the complexity of unrestricted language used by human users communicating with online assistants. The assistant is capable to interact with users and to provide the right output through the exploitation of different information sources. The approach was applied and tested on the insurance field in the frame of the European research project VIP-Advisor.
EG0N: Portable in-situ energy measurement for low-power sensor devices (2016)

For assessing the energy consumption of an embedded system, typically measurements on a shunting resistor are conducted in a laboratory environment. While such measurements can be easily performed with high precision for stationary setups, obtaining data on the energy-consumption of mobile devices, such as body-worn electronics (wearables) is a significantly more challenging task, since the power consumption depends on the behavior of the user. For example, consider an activity sensor which transmits the detected activity type (e.g., walking, running, resting) wirelessly to a smartphone whenever the activity changes. Clearly, more current is drawn for the transmission whenever the activity needs to be updated. Connecting the device with long wires to a stationary measurement platform distorts the results and restricts the motion of the user. Therefore, the measurement platform needs to be mobile itself to measure in-situ. This imposes multiple challenges on such a system, e.g., the limited power budget for obtaining samples of the current consumption and the need for miniaturized electronics. In this paper, we propose EG0N, a mobile current measurement platform for wearables. While addressing the mentioned challenges, it supports useful advanced features, such as collaborative, context-aware measurements on the device-under-test (DUT).
Translational Silencing of Ceruloplasmin Requires the Essential Elements of mRNA Circularization: Poly(A) Tail, Poly(A)-Binding Protein, and Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G (2001)

Ceruloplasmin (Cp) is a glycoprotein secreted by the liver and monocytic cells and probably plays roles in inflammation and iron metabolism. We showed previously that gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induced Cp synthesis by human U937 monocytic cells but that the synthesis was subsequently halted by a transcript-specific translational silencing mechanism involving the binding of a cytosolic factor(s) to the Cp mRNA 3' untranslated region (UTR). To investigate how protein interactions at the Cp 3'-UTR inhibit translation initiation at the distant 5' end, we considered the "closed-loop" model of mRNA translation. In this model, the transcript termini are brought together by interactions of poly(A)-binding protein (PABP) with both the poly(A) tail and initiation factor eIF4G. The effect of these elements on Cp translational control was tested using chimeric reporter transcripts in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. The requirement for poly(A) was shown since the cytosolic inhibitor from IFN-gamma-treated cells minimally inhibited the translation of a luciferase reporter upstream of the Cp 3'-UTR but almost completely blocked the translation of a transcript containing a poly(A) tail. Likewise, a requirement for poly(A) was shown for silencing of endogenous Cp mRNA. We considered the possibility that the cytosolic inhibitor blocked the interaction of PABP with the poly(A) tail or with eIF4G. We found that neither of these interactions were inhibited, as shown by immunoprecipitation of PABP followed by quantitation of the poly(A) tail by reverse transcription-PCR and of eIF4G by immunoblot analysis. We considered the alternate possibility that these interactions were required for translational silencing. When PABP was depleted from the reticulocyte lysate with anti-human PABP antibody, the cytosolic factor did not inhibit translation of the chimeric reporter, thus showing the requirement for PABP. Similarly, in lysates treated with anti-human eIF4G antibody, the cytosolic extract did not inhibit the translation of the chimeric reporter, thereby showing a requirement for eIF4G. These data show that translational silencing of Cp requires interactions of three essential elements of mRNA circularization, poly(A), PABP, and eIF4G. We suggest that Cp mRNA circularization brings the cytosolic Cp 3'-UTR-binding factor into the proximity of the translation initiation site, where it silences translation by an undetermined mechanism. These results suggest that in addition to its important function in increasing the efficiency of translation, transcript circularization may serve as an essential structural determinant for transcript-specific translational control.
Nucleotide sequence and linkage map position of the genes for ribosomal proteins L14 and S8 in the maize chloroplast genome (1988)

The nucleotide sequence of a 1287-base-pair segment of the maize (Zea mays) chloroplast DNA, encoding chloroplast ribosomal proteins L14, S8 and the C-terminal part of L16, has been determined using the dideoxy-chain-termination method. These data from a monocot plant are compared to the corresponding data from a dicot and a lower plant and from two bacteria. The deduced amino acid sequence of maize chloroplast L14 shows 80%, 81%, 51% and 52% and that of S8 shows 75%, 58%, 39% and 38% sequence identity, respectively, to the corresponding sequences of Nicotiana tabacum, Marchantia polymorpha, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Escherichia coli. The starting map coordinates of rpL14 and rpS8 in the physical map of the maize chloroplast DNA [Larrinua, I. M., Muskavitch, K. M. T., Gubbins, E. J. and Bogorad, L. (1983) Plant Mol. Biol. 2, 129-140] are 31.330 and 31.841. The gene order is rpL16-spacer-rpL14-spacer-rpS8. Shine-Dalgarno sequences (GGA and AGGAGG) and computer-derived stem-loop structures of dyad symmetry are present in the spacers and the 3' downstream region of rpS8, respectively, but a chloroplast promoter-like sequence could not be detected suggesting that the latter might be located further upstream in this ribosomal protein gene cluster in maize chloroplast DNA.
Ultrasonic NDE Techniques for Impact Damage Inspection on CFRP Laminates (2011)

This study investigates the different types of ultrasonic inspection, when applied to assess the impact damage in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic CFRP laminates. The study surveys the two most used ultrasonic testing approaches first; namely the pulse-echo and the through-transmission modes. Then, the manuscript discusses and analyzes the enhanced ultrasonic testing methods that use the polar scattering, the thickness independent techniques, air-coupled, and the techniques based on the Ultrasonic Rayleigh and Lamb Waves. Additionally, presented study demonstrates some of these techniques to test a CFRP sample with embedded defects, along with the processing required for the acquired results such as the wavelet transformation.
Ligand‐Free Platinum Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a Hollow Porous Carbon Shell as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Hydrogenation Catalyst (2006)

Wrapped up but still active: A platinum nanoparticle that is 2.2 nm in diameter and not coated by any stabilizing agent can be encapsulated in a hollow carbon shell 30–40 nm in diameter with a micro- to nanoporous wall structure (see picture). This encapsulated nanoparticle acts as an efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for various liquid-phase hydrogenation reactions. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z602700_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Planning in the context of the National Quality Standard : valuing children, promoting learning (2012)

'Where do I begin?' We are in an exciting era in Australian early childhood history, and many of us will have questions about how to build our own contributions to this process.
Resolution of branched DNA substrates by T7 endonuclease I and its inhibition (1991)

Endonuclease I is a multipurpose enzyme implicated in the breakdown of host DNA, packaging of phage DNA, and recombination during the lytic cycle of bacteriophage T7. We investigate here some aspects of the substrate requirements for its activity in resolving branched intermediates similar to Holliday junctions (Holliday, R. (1964) Genet. Res. 5, 282-304) that arise in recombination. The enzyme is able to resolve branched substrates containing very short duplex arms: 4 base pairs suffice. It cleaves 5' to the branch, with a distinct preference for the non-crossover strands in Holliday-like model junctions. Ligands that interact strongly with the branch site can inhibit the enzyme, with KI values in the 10-50 microM range.
Domain-Specifi c Pseudonymous Signatures for the German Identity Card. (2012)

The restricted identification protocol for the new German identity card basically provides a method to use pseudonyms such that they can be linked by individual service providers, but not across different service providers (even not malicious ones). The protocol can be augmented to allow also for signatures under the pseudonyms. In this paper, we thus view —and define— this idea more abstractly as a new cryptographic signature primitive with some form of anonymity, and use the term domain-specific pseudonymous signatures. We then analyze the restricted identification solutions in terms of the formal security requirements.
Analytic Prediction of the Friction and Heat Transfer for Turbulent Flow in Axial Internal Fin Tubes (1993)

An analytic model is developed to predict the friction factors and Nusselt numbers for turbulent flow in axial internal fin tubes. The present model uses the Law of the Wall and applies the logarithmic universal velocity and temperature profile to the interfin and core regions of the flow. The fin shape is assumed trapezoidal, and the fin parameters such as fin height, fin root thickness and fin tip thickness are determined from the tube dimensional data. Theoretically based friction and heat transfer equations are developed for internally finned tubes in an algebraic form. The analytic model predicts Carnavos friction data for 11 axial internal fin tubes within ± 10 percent, and heat transfer data of air, water, and water-glycol within ± 15 percent when proper velocity and temperature profiles are used.
Minimally Invasive Navigated Knee Surgery: An American Perspective (2005)

Minimally invasive total knee replacement surgery may make it possible for patients to undergo the procedure with less pain and recover from the surgery more quickly than has been previously possible. However, minimally invasive techniques have the potential for being associated with a number of complications, including implant and limb malalignment. Computer-assisted technologies used in conjunction with minimally invasive techniques allow the accuracy with which the procedures are performed to be retained.
Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Enhancer Function Is Associated with Cooperative Interactions between AP-1 and NFATp/c (1995)

The promoter of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene is regulated by an inducible upstream enhancer. The enhancer encompasses three previously defined binding sites for the transcription factor NFAT (GM170, GM330, and GM550) and a novel NFAT site defined here as the GM420 element. While there was considerable redundancy within the enhancer, the GM330, GM420, and GM550 motifs each functioned efficiently in isolation as enhancer elements and bound NFATp and AP-1 in a highly cooperative fashion. These three NFAT sites closely resembled the distal interleukin-2 NFAT site, and methylation interference assays further defined GGA(N)9TCA as a minimum consensus sequence for this family of NFAT sites. By contrast, the GM170 site, which also had conserved GGA and TCA motifs but in which these motifs were separated by 15 bases, supported strong independent but no cooperative binding of AP-1 and NFATp, and this site functioned poorly as an enhancer element. While both the GM330 and GM420 elements were closely associated with the inducible DNase I-hypersensitive site within the enhancer, the GM420 element was the only NFAT site located within a 160-bp HincII-BalI fragment defined by deletion analysis as the essential core of the enhancer. The GM420 element was unusual, however, in containing a high-affinity NFATp/c-binding sequence (TGGAAAGA) immediately upstream of the sequence TGACATCA which more closely resembled a cyclic AMP response-like element than an AP-1 site. We suggest that the cooperative binding of NFATp/c and AP-1 requires a particular spacing of sites and that their cooperativity and induction via independent pathways ensure very tight regulation of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhancer.
Sequencing and de novo assembly of 150 genomes from Denmark as a population reference (2017)

Hundreds of thousands of human genomes are now being sequenced to characterize genetic variation and use this information to augment association mapping studies of complex disorders and other phenotypic traits. Genetic variation is identified mainly by mapping short reads to the reference genome or by performing local assembly. However, these approaches are biased against discovery of structural variants and variation in the more complex parts of the genome. Hence, large-scale de novo assembly is needed. Here we show that it is possible to construct excellent de novo assemblies from high-coverage sequencing with mate-pair libraries extending up to 20 kilobases. We report de novo assemblies of 150 individuals (50 trios) from the GenomeDenmark project. The quality of these assemblies is similar to those obtained using the more expensive long-read technology. We use the assemblies to identify a rich set of structural variants including many novel insertions and demonstrate how this variant catalogue enables further deciphering of known association mapping signals. We leverage the assemblies to provide 100 completely resolved major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and to resolve major parts of the Y chromosome. Our study provides a regional reference genome that we expect will improve the power of future association mapping studies and hence pave the way for precision medicine initiatives, which now are being launched in many countries including Denmark.
A Method for Load Balancing based on Software-Defined Network (2014)

The control plane is decoupled from data plane in the Software- Defined Networking (SDN) architecture, under which network intelligence and state are logically centralized and the underlying network infrastructure is abstracted from the applications. Load balancing is a significant technology and it can help save power and improve resource utilization in network. Since SDN makes it possible to manage the whole network with a centralized controller, with which we can distribute traffic more efficiently and easily. In this paper, the research background of OpenFlow-based SDN technology is summarized firstly. Then we will analysis current methods to achieve load balancing, and propose taking advantage of SDN to solve the problem.
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Boron Nitride (1992)

Thermodynamics and kinetics of boron nitride deposition from gas mixtures were studied in the temperature range 850 to 1050°C at pressures between 1.1 and 3.5 Torr. A wide range of deposition rates, as high as 1 μm/min, were measured. The rate of depositon was controlled by an interface reaction with an activation energy of . The deposition rate constant essentially was independent of the partial pressure of and showed a close to first‐order dependence on the partial pressure of . The rate‐limiting step of the interface reaction may be the dissociative adsorption of onto the substrate surface. The deposited BN was of theoretical density, turbostratic structure, and contained about 12 atomic percent oxygen.
Electrochemically assisted deposition of titanium dioxide on aluminium cathodes (2002)

Adherent, uniform, and porous TiO2 films have been obtained at ambient temperature by a novel electrochemical process involving the simultaneous cathodic electrodeposition of a Ti(IV)–peroxo complex and electrophoretic deposition of nanocrystalline TiO2 particles on an Al cathode. Electrodepositions were performed using an electrolytic suspension containing a water-soluble titanium complex stabilized with a peroxo ligand and a commercial nanocrystalline TiO2 powder (Degussa P25), and by applying a constant cell voltage between 2.0 and 4.5 V. The reduction process favours the decomposition of the soluble titanium complex to yield an amorphous TiO2 precipitate on the cathode. This amorphous precipitate also acts as a binder to the nanocrystalline TiO2 particles. The whole assembly shows photocatalytic activity for the degradation of salicylic acid without the need of thermal post-treatment.
A vector control technique for medium voltage multilevel inverters (2002)

This paper presents a switching strategy for multilevel cascade inverters, based on the space vector theory. The proposed switching strategy generates a voltage vector with very low harmonic distortion and reduced switching frequency. This new control method is an attractive alternative to the classic multilevel PWM techniques considering the following aspects: (i) voltage and current THD, (ii) range of linear operation, and iii) number of commutations.
Object-Based Rendering and 3-D Reconstruction Using a Moveable Image-Based System (2012)

This paper proposes a movable image-based rendering (M-IBR) system for improving the viewing freedom and environmental modeling capability of conventional static IBR systems. The system supports object-based rendering and 3-D reconstruction capability and consists of three main components. <orderedlist continuation="restarts" numeration="arabic" posttext=")" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><listitem><para>An improved video stabilization method to reduce the shaky motion frequently encountered in movable IBR systems. It employs local polynomial regression (LPR) to automatically select an appropriate bandwidth for smoothing the estimated motion.</para></listitem></orderedlist>
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced Wireless Network: Joint Active and Passive Beamforming Design (2018)

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is envisioned to have abundant applications in future wireless networks by smartly reconfiguring the signal propagation for performance enhancement. Specifically, an IRS consists of a large number of low-cost passive elements each reflecting the incident signal with a certain phase shift to collaboratively achieve beamforming and suppress interference at one or more designated receivers. In this paper, we study an IRS-enhanced point-to-point multiple-input single-output (MISO) wireless system where one IRS is deployed to assist in the communication from a multi-antenna access point (AP) to a single-antenna user. As a result, the user simultaneously receives the signal sent directly from the AP as well as that reflected by the IRS. We aim to maximize the total received signal power at the user by jointly optimizing the (active) transmit beamforming at the AP and (passive) reflect beamforming by the phase shifters at the IRS. We first propose a centralized algorithm based on the technique of semidefinite relaxation (SDR) by assuming the global channel state information (CSI) available at the IRS. Since the centralized implementation requires excessive channel estimation and signal exchange overheads, we further propose a low-complexity distributed algorithm where the AP and IRS independently adjust the transmit beamforming and the phase shifts in an alternating manner until the convergence is reached. Simulation results show that significant performance gains can be achieved by the proposed algorithms as compared to benchmark schemes. Moreover, it is verified that the IRS is able to drastically enhance the link quality and/or coverage over the conventional setup without the IRS.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Hafnium Dioxide Films from 1-Methoxy-2-methyl-2-propanolate Complex of Hafnium (2003)

HfO2 films were grown by atomic layer deposition from a mononuclear and volatile complex Hf(OCMe2CH2OMe)4 in the temperature range of 275−425 °C on borosilicate glass and Si(100) substrates. HfO2 films were formed as a result of alternate adsorption and hydrolysis steps of the hafnium precursor. The adsorption of hafnium complex was not entirely self-limiting, probably because of the thermal decomposition of the precursors. Crystalline films containing the monoclinic HfO2 phase were grown at temperatures exceeding 300−325 °C. The refractive index of the films varied between 1.8 and 2.0. The effective permittivities of the dielectrics in Al/HfO2/Si structures varied between 12 and 17.