gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Role of Over‐the‐Counter Supplements for the Treatment of Male Infertility—Fact or Fiction? (2012)

Many over-the-counter (OTC) vitamins and supplements have been used to improve male fertility. The purpose of this study is to review the effects of these OTC supplements on male fertility. A Pub Med and Medline review of the randomized controlled studies utilizing OTC vitamins and supplements readily available in the United States over the last 3 decades was performed. Many studies demonstrate the positive effects of OTC supplementation on semen parameters and pregnancy outcomes. Conversely, many studies also demonstrate a lack of improvement and potential complications with supplementation. Confounding factors include lack of standard dosing regimens, duration of treatment, and control for dietary intake. No standard exists for which OTC supplement and vitamin studies have been conducted or the medications dosed. Definitive conclusions as to their true effects on male subfertility and dosing regimen could not be identified.
Executive summary: Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) (2001)

A select group of investigators attended a structured workshop, the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW), at Park City, Utah, USA, in July 2001, which addressed the need in women for a staging system as well as the confusing nomenclature for the reproductive years.
Open Stent Design (2012)

Draft manuscript: design and engineering for a generic superelastic nitinol self expanding cardiovascular stent.
Identification of fungi based on the nucleotide sequence homology of their internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. (2002)

In this study, we examined the identification of fungi based on the sequence homology of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region. A newly designed primer pair could amplify the target region of all 42 strains tested. The PCR products were sequenced and the sequence homologies were searched by BLAST. It was demonstrated that this method is a reliable identification method at the genus or species level. At present, available databases are still insufficient to identify some fungi, but with the accumulation of further data in the ITS1 database, this method will be available for the identification of fungi.
The Pattern of microRNA Binding Site Distribution (2017)

Micro-RNA (miRNA or miR) regulates at least 60% of the genes in the human genome through their target sites at mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (UTR), and defects in miRNA expression regulation and target sites are frequently observed in cancers. We report here a systematic analysis of the distribution of miRNA target sites. Using the evolutionarily conserved miRNA binding sites in the TargetScan database (release 7.1), we constructed a miRNA co-regulation network by connecting genes sharing common miRNA target sites. The network possesses characteristics of the ubiquitous small-world network. Non-hub genes in the network-those sharing miRNA target sites with small numbers of genes-tend to form small cliques with their neighboring genes, while hub genes exhibit high levels of promiscuousness in their neighboring genes. Additionally, miRNA target site distribution is extremely uneven. Among the miRNAs, the distribution concentrates on a small number of miRNAs, in that their target sites occur in an extraordinarily large number of genes, that is, they have large numbers of target genes. The distribution across the genes follows a similar pattern; the mRNAs of a small proportion of the genes contain extraordinarily large numbers of miRNA binding sites. Quantitatively, the patterns fit into the P<sub>(K)</sub> ∝ K<sup>-</sup><sup>α</sup> relationship (P<sub>(K)</sub>: the number of miRNAs with K target genes or genes with K miRNA sites; α: a positive constant), the mathematical description of connection distribution among the nodes and a defining characteristic of the so-called scale-free networks-a subset of small-world networks. Notably, well-known tumor-suppressive miRNAs (Let-7, miR-15/16, 26, 29, 31, 34, 145, 200, 203-205, 223, and 375) collectively have more than expected target genes, and well-known cancer genes contain more than expected miRNA binding sites. In summary, miRNA target site distribution exhibits characteristics of the small-world network. The potential to use this pattern to better understand miRNA function and their oncological roles is discussed.
Context-aware energy-efficient wireless sensor architecture for body activity recognition (2014)

In this paper, we present EEWAA, a new Energy-Efficient Wireless sensor Architecture for Activity recognition Applications. Contrary to existing approaches, our solution aims at optimizing the lifetime of every battery-operated devices that may contribute to the activity recognition, including sensors but also smart phones or tablets. Depending on the environment opportunities, our approach balance the load among multiple base stations (mobile phone, tablet, laptop) and when beneficial, enables the energy-limited base stations and/or sensors to offload a part of their tasks to back-end servers. In order to do this, we propose a new decision metric to select the best execution config-uration, considering the latency and accuracy requirements, as well as the energy of every device involved in the computation.
Analog signal processing for a class D audio amplifier in 65 nm CMOS technology (2008)

Class D audio amplifiers provide high quality audio signals with very good efficiency. This makes them not only useful for high power home audio equipment and television, but also for battery powered portable devices. This paper shows details of an analog signal processor for a class D output stage which provides the audio output for a hands-free amplifier in mobile telephones. Two differential stages including output drivers have been successfully implemented on a combined baseband and audio chip using the thick oxide option of a 65 nm (gate width) CMOS process.
Porous-coated hip replacement. The factors governing bone ingrowth, stress shielding, and clinical results (1987)

Total hip replacement using porous-coated cobalt-chrome femoral implants designed for biological fixation has been evaluated in 307 patients after two years and in 89 patients after five years. Histological study of 11 retrieved specimens showed bone ingrowth in nine and fibrous tissue fixation in two. Fixation by bone ingrowth occurred in 93% of the cases in which a press fit of the stem at the isthmus was achieved, but in only 69% of those without a press fit. The clinical results at two years were excellent. The incidence of pain and limp was much lower when there was either a press fit of the stem or radiographic evidence of bone ingrowth. Factors such as age, sex, and the disease process did not influence the clinical results. Most cases showed only slight resorptive remodelling of the upper femur, but in a few cases with a larger, more rigid stem, more extensive bone loss occurred. The results after five years showed no deterioration with time. Fixation by the ingrowth of bone or of fibrous tissue both appeared to be stable, but bone ingrowth gave better clinical results.
Heck Arylation of<i>N</i>-Boc-3-Pyrrolines and<i>N</i>-Boc-2-Pyrrolines with Diazonium Salts; Efficient Syntheses of Five-Membered 4-Aryl Endocyclic Enecarbamates and<i>N</i>-Boc-2,4-Diaryl 3-Pyrrolines (2000)

Practical and efficient Heck arylations of N-Boc-3-pyrrolines and N-Boc-4-aryl-2-pyrrolines (endocyclic enecarbamates) with several arenediazonium tetrafluoroborate salts were accomplished.This methodology permitted the preparation of a series of 4-aryl endocyclic enecarbamates which were used in a subsequent Heck arylation to produce biaryl-3-pyrrolines in good yields without the need for phosphine ligands, excess of olefin, and stringent reaction conditions.
A Highly Capable Arbitrary Waveform Generator for Next Generation Radar Systems (2006)

We are developing an arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) to provide enhanced capability for radar applications. The current design accommodates two waveform generators on a single unit for dual frequency operation. The basic architecture of this unit employs a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and a high speed and high precision digital to analog converter (DAC) for direct digital synthesis. This AWG is capable of up to 450 MHz bandwidth with ability for frequency notching. Phase fidelity of better than 1.2deg deviation RMS is also achievable. This AWG operates with lower power consumption as compared with other waveform generators, which is advantageous for future spaceborne applications. This will enable radars to return higher precision data, to be reduced in complexity, and to operate in any band without interfering with dedicated bandwidths
Formation of inclusion bodies may be the key factor for the stability of expressed products in E. coli. (1995)

Des-B30 single-chain insulin gene was constructed from chemically synthesized DNA encoding human proinsulin by oligo-nucleotide induced deletion, cloned into the expression plasmid pBV220, and expressed in E. coli with a level of around 5%. The expressed product was in the form of inclusion bodies. After downstream processing, 45 mg of des-B30 single-chain insulin with a purity of up to 90% was obtained from 1 liter of high density fermentation medium. It is suggested that the fusion protein model to increase the stability of small proteins seems inadequate to some extent, the formation of inclusion bodies may be the key factor for the stability of some expressed products, large or small, in the cytoplasm of E. coli cells.
REVIEW (1991)

Various microsurgical procedures at the cellular and subcellular levels using laser non-touch techniques are presented and reviewed. In these procedures, the beams of light, varying in their wavelength (range: 14 ns to continuous wave), were directed via microscopes towards the target area. Micromanipulation of human spermatozoa with a laser-generated optical trap enabled the assessment of possible effects on sperm motility and measurements of the relative force generated by each single spermatozoon. Furthermore, the optical trap also provides a new approach to the measurements of intracellular forces without physically touching the cell or its organelles, and inducing chromosome movement during cell division is also possible. Laser beams in a specific configuration are able to induce minimal superficial damage to the zona pellucida of oocytes from various species. This manipulation is aimed at increasing the fertilization rate following insemination with low-quality spermatozoa. Another intracellular application of the laser beams is the destruction of extra pronuclei in polyspermic fertilized human oocytes. These procedures require special equipment which is not commonly available. However, simpler devices may be developed if the advantages of this novel technology are demonstrated.
Aromatic Nitro Groups and Their Reactions with Chelated Ester Enolates (2006)

Chelated amino acid ester enolates react with aromatic nitro compounds in a 1,3-addition mode at the nitro group giving amino acids bearing an aryl(hydroxy)amino side chain. Best results were obtained with trifluoroacetyl-protected glycinates. Two equivalents of enolate are necessary for complete conversion, because one equivalent is oxidized during the reaction.
Barriers for incoming of international researchers in the Czech Republic (2012)

Since the last decade the Czech Republic has certain ambitions in restructuring of its economy by increasing its performance in RTDI. These efforts are not possible without capacity building of scientists and researchers community, and in particular income of international scientists to the Czech Republic. However, this need is slowed down by a number of obstacles that are partly sketched in this article. The author is using data collected during almost three years of work experience in one of the service organizations focusing on assisting international researchers. The present article offers a comparison of the Czech context with several other European countries, the interpretation of the issue on the basis of current social science theory and an overview of existing efforts to address the topic.
Nitric Oxide/Nucleophile Complexes (1993)

Complexes of nitric oxide (NO) with nucleophiles, also known as nitric oxide/nucleophile adducts or NONOates, appear to offer many advantages as research tools in cardiovascular pharmacology and may have future clinical potential as well. A wide variety of NONOates can be synthesized simply by exposing various nucleophilic compounds to NO. The products are generally stable as solids and highly soluble in aqueous media. The potent vasodilator activity displayed by select members of this series is endothelium independent and is mediated by the free NO that is released on dissolution, which activates smooth-muscle guanylate cyclase with subsequent intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate production. NO release from the NONOate complexes is not catalyzed by exogenous thiol or albumin. The NONOates differ from other currently available nitrovasodilators in that their potency as vasorelaxants correlates closely with data on their first-order rates of spontaneous reversion to NO in simple aqueous buffers. The compounds' properties can be conveniently altered by changing the identity of the nucleophilic residue. Continued work with NONOate complexes may provide useful clinical agents as well as improved tools for probing the bioregulatory roles of NO.
Deep Representations and Codes for Image Auto-Annotation (2012)

The task of image auto-annotation, namely assigning a set of relevant tags to an image, is challenging due to the size and variability of tag vocabularies. Consequently, most existing algorithms focus on tag assignment and fix an often large number of hand-crafted features to describe image characteristics. In this paper we introduce a hierarchical model for learning representations of standard sized color images from the pixel level, removing the need for engineered feature representations and subsequent feature selection for annotation. We benchmark our model on the STL-10 recognition dataset, achieving state-of-the-art performance. When our features are combined with TagProp (Guillaumin et al.), we compete with or outperform existing annotation approaches that use over a dozen distinct handcrafted image descriptors. Furthermore, using 256-bit codes and Hamming distance for training TagProp, we exchange only a small reduction in performance for efficient storage and fast comparisons. Self-taught learning is used in all of our experiments and deeper architectures always outperform shallow ones. 1
Mapping FIR filtering on systolic rings (2002)

During the past decade, systolic arrays have been designed for a wide variety of scientific applications, which are based on highly parallel linear system manipulations. Partitioning and mapping of systolic algorithms has been a key issue for real implementations, in terms of both cost and manageability. The authors demonstrate the mapping of triangular systolic array algorithms onto a one-dimensional ring of processors, so that the resulting architecture features an asymptotically optimal utilization factor in pipelined operation. fee problems of least squares system identification and FIR filtering using QR-decomposition via Givens rotations are used as a vehicle for the demonstration of uni- and bi-directional dataflow algorithms on systolic rings.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An experimental validation of magnetometer integration into a GPS-aided helicopter UAV navigation system (2010)

This paper considers the integration of a triaxial magnetometer sensor into an existing navigation system for a helicopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). An existing inertial navigation system uses triaxial accelerometer and rate gyro measurements and is aided by GPS. A novel calibration method for the magnetometer is implemented. The integration of the calibrated magnetometer into the existing design is experimentally shown to improve navigation filter accuracy.
Total Synthesis of the Alkaloids Martinelline and Martinellic Acid via a Hetero Diels−Alder Multicomponent Coupling Reaction (2002)

[reaction: see text] A concise synthesis of the guanidine alkaloids, (+/-)-martinelline and (+/-)-martinellic acid, using a protic acid catalyzed 2:1 hetero Diels-Alder coupling reaction between N-Cbz 2-pyrroline and methyl 4-aminobenzoate, is described. Protic acid catalysis, rather than Lewis acid catalysis, was necessary to achieve the desired sense of diastereocontrol in the coupling reaction.
Liquid Crystalline Poly(vinyl ether)s and Block Copoly(vinyl ether)s by Living Cationic Polymerization (1996)

A series of liquid crystalline (LC) poly(vinyl ether)s 1 was prepared by living cationic polymerization of a mesogenic vinyl ether monomer, 4-butoxyphenyl 4-((6-vinylhexyl)oxy)benzoate (11), in the presence of the HI/I2 (1/1 mol/mol) initiating system. The number average molar mass of polymers 1 increased linearly with the initial monomer to initiator molar ratio (Mn = 3000−15 000 g mol-1, DPn ≈ 5−50), according to the living character of the polymerization, and their molar mass distribution was rather narrow (Mw/Mn = 1.10−1.15). Furthermore, two sets of AB diblock copoly(vinyl ether)s 2 and 3 were prepared by sequential polymerization of vinyl ether 11 and isobutyl vinyl ether (12) and chiral (S)-2-methylbutyl vinyl ether (13) respectively, by using the same HI/I2 system. While the average degree of polymerization of the LC block was kept constant (DPn ≈ 10), the length of the non-LC block was varied (DPn ≈ 2−25), according to the chosen feed conditions. An X-ray investigation proved that polymers 1 gave rise to a sequence of ordered smectic (F or I), smectic C, and nematic mesophases with increasing temperature. Their transition temperatures and entropies followed slightly different molar mass dependences, but each of them reached a saturation value at Mn ≈ 6000 g mol-1. The same basic mesophase polymorphism was also observed for the LC block copolymers 2 and 3, thus suggesting that the chemically different blocks were microphase separated within the solid and LC phases.
The Association Between Genital Ulcer Disease and Acquisition of HIV Infection in Homosexual Men (1988)

We analyzed the association of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection and syphilis, the two most common causes of genital ulceration in homosexual men, with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in 200 men enrolled between 1983 and 1986 into a study evaluating the microbial causes of acute proctitis. Infection with HIV was independently associated with a history of syphilis, serologic evidence of syphilis, a history of HSV infection, and antibody to HSV-2. Antibody to HIV was not associated with a history of other genital infections or with antibody to Chlamydia trachomatis or HSV-1. Similar associations were observed in 111 asymptomatic homosexuals seen for HIV screening. Men who presented with primary HSV proctitis had a lower prevalence of HIV antibody than those with preexisting HSV-2 antibody (44% vs 68%); this suggests that HSV-2 infection antedated HIV infection. These data suggest that genital ulcerative diseases are an important risk factor for the acquisition of HIV infection in homosexual men; measures directed at control of these diseases may reduce the transmission of HIV in this population.
Occupational Classification (ISCO-88): Concepts, Methods, Reliability, Validity and Cross-National Comparability (1997)

This paper considers a range of topics concerned with the statistical application of an occupational classification, focusing in particular upon the use of the international standard, ISCO-88. Following a brief presentation of the conceptual basis of ISCO-88 and on methods of collecting and coding occupational information, evidence is presented on the reliability and validity of occupationally classified data. The paper reviews progress on the implementation of ISCO-88 on a global basis and presents an assessment of the likely comparability between countries of occupational data based upon ISCO-88. From the evidence available it appears that ISCO-88 has successfully superseded ISCO-68 and, in many countries, has become the model for a new national classification even where a national classification of occupations previously existed. However, occupational classification remains a difficult process, subject to a fairly low level of reliability. In addition to problems of reliability ...
Functional annotation prediction: All for one and one for all (2006)

In an era of rapid genome sequencing and high-throughput technology, automatic function prediction for a novel sequence is of utter importance in bioinformatics. While automatic annotation methods based on local alignment searches can be simple and straightforward, they suffer from several drawbacks, including relatively low sensitivity and assignment of incorrect annotations that are not associated with the region of similarity. ProtoNet is a hierarchical organization of the protein sequences in the UniProt database. Although the hierarchy is constructed in an unsupervised automatic manner, it has been shown to be coherent with several biological data sources. We extend the ProtoNet system in order to assign functional annotations automatically. By leveraging on the scaffold of the hierarchical classification, the method is able to overcome some frequent annotation pitfalls.
Real-Time Monitoring of Growing Nanoparticles (2003)

One challenge in the production of nanometer-sized objects with given properties is to control their growth at a macroscopic scale in situ and in real time. A dedicated ultrahigh-vacuum grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering setup has been developed, yielding high sensitivity and dynamics. Its capabilities to derive the average particle shape and size and the film growth mode and ordering and to probe both surfaces and buried interfaces are illustrated for two prototypical cases: the model catalyst Pd/MgO(100) and the self-organized Co/Au(111) system. A wide range of technologically important systems can potentially be investigated in various gaseous environments.
Antibodies against Merozoite Surface Protein (Msp)-119 Are a Major Component of the Invasion-Inhibitory Response in Individuals Immune to Malaria (2001)

Antibodies that bind to antigens expressed on the merozoite form of the malaria parasite can inhibit parasite growth by preventing merozoite invasion of red blood cells. Inhibitory antibodies are found in the sera of malaria-immune individuals, however, the specificity of those that are important to this process is not known. In this paper, we have used allelic replacement to construct a Plasmodium falciparum parasite line that expresses the complete COOH-terminal fragment of merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1(19) from the divergent rodent malaria P. chabaudi. By comparing this transfected line with parental parasites that differ only in MSP-1(19), we show that antibodies specific for this domain are a major component of the inhibitory response in P. falciparum-immune humans and P. chabaudi-immune mice. In some individual human sera, MSP-1(19) antibodies dominated the inhibitory activity. The finding that antibodies to a small region of a single protein play a major role in this process has important implications for malaria immunity and is strongly supportive of further understanding and development of MSP-1(19)-based vaccines.