gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Illusions (2012)

R.F. Pohl, Introduction: Cognitive Illusions. Part 1: Thinking Illusions. J.E. Fisk, Conjunction Fallacy. M.H. Birnbaum, Base Rates in Bayesian Inference. S. Kurzenhauser, A. Lucking, Statistical Formats in Bayesian Inferences. M.E. Oswald, S. Grosjean, Confirmation Bias. K. Fiedler, Illusory Correlation. S.C. Thompson, Illusions of Control. J. St. B.T. Evans, Biases in Deductive Reasoning. Part 2: Judgment Illusions. R. Reber, Availability. K.H. Teigen, Judgments by Representativeness. T. Mussweiler, B. Englich, F. Strack, Anchoring Effect. C. Hackett Renner, Validity Effect. R.F. Bornstein, C. Craver-Lemley, Mere Exposure Effect. U. Hoffrage, Overconfidence. M.W. Matlin, Pollyanna Principle. Part 3: Memory Illusions. Heekyeong Park, Lynne M. Reder, Moses Illusion. G.V. Jones, M. Martin, Orientation Illusions in Memory. H.L. Roediger III, D.A. Gallo, Associative Memory Illusions. R.F. Pohl, Effects of Labeling. J. Pickrell, D.M. Bernstein, E.F. Loftus, Misinformation Effect. R.F. Pohl, Hindsight Bias. A. Wilson, M. Ross, Illusions of Change or Stability. Perspectives. V.A. Gheorghiu, G. Molz, R.F. Pohl, Suggestion and Illusion.
Aromatic Molecular Complexes of the Electron Donor-Acceptor Type. (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEArticleNEXTAromatic Molecular Complexes of the Electron Donor-Acceptor Type.Lawernece J. AndrewsCite this: Chem. Rev. 1954, 54, 5, 713–776Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60171a001https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60171a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1071Altmetric-Citations167LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The morbidity and mortality of oral contraceptives. (1967)

The most common complications from use of oral contraceptives are the least serious. Transient nausea and edema occur in about 20% of patients breakthrough bleeding in about 10%. A change in dosage usually stops this complaint. Weight gain breast changes or skin pigmentation sometimes occur. For breast changes it is usually advised that any biopsy be delayed until the results of stopping therapy can be observed. Cases of vulvo-vaginal candidiasis have been reported in women taking Envoid. Most responded to Nystatin therapy but some required discontinuation of the oral contraceptive before they were cured. Superficial corneal opacities and eye discomfort have been reported. Vascular headaches may occur. Thrombotic and thromboembolic phenomena have been the most serious complications; patients with conditions known to favor thrombosis should not be given these drugs. Jaundice and impaired liver function have been reported and a history of jaundice or pruritis during previous pregnancies are regarded as contradinications. Changes in glucose tolerance bloood lipids and serum magnesium have been shown but the significance of these changes is not known. Although the risks are small groups known to have increased likelihood of serious complications should use other forms of contraception. Clinicians should be alert in regularly checking their patients on this therapy to detect unexpected developments.
Pt-Containing Ag2S-Noble Metal Nanocomposites as Highly Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxidation of Formic Acid (2014)

Abstract Nanocomposites with synergistic effect are of great interest for their enhanced properties in a given application. Herein, we reported the high catalytic activity of Pt-containing Ag 2 S-noble metal nanocomposites in formic acid oxidation, which is a key reaction in direct formic acid fuel cell. The electrochemical measurements including voltammograms and chronoamperograms are used to characterize the catalytic property of Pt-containing nanocomposites for the oxidation of formic acid. In view of the limited literatures on using nanocomposites consisting of semiconductor and noble metals for catalyzing the reactions of polymer electrolyte membrane-based fuel cells, this study provides a helpful exploration for expanding the application of semiconductor-noble metal nanocomposites.
Sequences Of Amino Acids For Human Serum Albumin (1992)

Sequences of amino acids defined for use in making polypeptides one-third to one-sixth as large as parent human serum albumin molecule. Smaller, chemically stable peptides have diverse applications including service as artificial human serum and as active components of biosensors and chromatographic matrices. In applications involving production of artificial sera from new sequences, little or no concern about viral contaminants. Smaller genetically engineered polypeptides more easily expressed and produced in large quantities, making commercial isolation and production more feasible and profitable.
Deterioration of Mineral Oils<sup>1,2</sup>: I—Mechanism of Oxidation and Action of Negative Catalysts as Determined by a Dynamic Method (1927)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDeterioration of Mineral Oils1,2: I—Mechanism of Oxidation and Action of Negative Catalysts as Determined by a Dynamic MethodR. T. Haslam and Per K. FrölichCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1927, 19, 2, 292–296Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1927Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1927https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50206a038RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views124Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (635 KB) Get e-Alerts
Contactless Power Transfer Systems using Series and Parallel Resonant Capacitors (2007)

A new contactless power transfer system using series and parallel resonant capacitors is described. If the primary series resonant capacitor and the secondary resonant capacitor are set proper values, the equivalent circuit of the transformer with these capacitors becomes very simple at the resonant frequency. Ignoring the winding resistance and the core loss, the equivalent circuit is the same as an ideal transformer. Therefore the circuit analysis is easy, and if the input voltage is constant, the output voltage is also constant regardless the output current. The paper describes the determination of the series and the parallel capacitor values, the derivation of the equivalent circuit and the test results which shows the usefulness of the new contactless power transfer system.
How Fast-Folding Proteins Fold (2011)

An outstanding challenge in the field of molecular biology has been to understand the process by which proteins fold into their characteristic three-dimensional structures. Here, we report the results of atomic-level molecular dynamics simulations, over periods ranging between 100 μs and 1 ms, that reveal a set of common principles underlying the folding of 12 structurally diverse proteins. In simulations conducted with a single physics-based energy function, the proteins, representing all three major structural classes, spontaneously and repeatedly fold to their experimentally determined native structures. Early in the folding process, the protein backbone adopts a nativelike topology while certain secondary structure elements and a small number of nonlocal contacts form. In most cases, folding follows a single dominant route in which elements of the native structure appear in an order highly correlated with their propensity to form in the unfolded state.
Immersive Live Event Experiences - Interactive UHDTV on Mobile Devices (2014)

This paper reports on the latest developments around tiled streaming. As an extension of HTTP adaptive streaming, it retains all the benefits of this streaming technology, while adding the possibility of interaction when consuming UHDTV on mobile devices. In particular, we discuss the underlying principles and aspects, such as multi-layer resolution scaling, spatial segmentation and adaptive streaming. Then we present insights from a number of technology validation tests and demonstrations, such as a live dance performance in Manchester, May 2013; a training tool for professional skiers employing tiled streaming in Schladming, host of the Alpine Skiing World Championship 2013; and tests incorporating âaugmented realityâ-style overlays in an athletics stadium in preparation for a trial at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. Finally, we report on the status of ongoing standardization efforts in the MPEG-DASH ad-hoc group, where tiled streaming is considered as a new feature, referred to as Spatial Relationship Description
Reaction of sulfide ion with fluorinated olefins (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of sulfide ion with fluorinated olefinsCarl G. Krespan and David C. EnglandCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 5, 1850–1854Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01269a032https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01269a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views226Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Chalk Use on Dust Exposure and Classroom Air Quality (2015)

This study explores human exposure to harmful dust when antidust chalk is used for teaching, as well as dust particle size distribution and how chalk dust affects indoor air quality. In this study, a classroom with 5 ventilation modes was selected. A dust size analyzer and a scanning mobility particle sizer were employed to measure the mass concentration and particle size distribution of chalk dust based on the frequency of chalk use during classes. The results indicate that antidust chalk can generate considerable quantities of dust particles and substantially increase the mass concentration of dust in the proximity of the chalkboard. Approximately 15% of observed chalk dust particles were respirable and high concentrations of chalk dust deteriorated the indoor air quality. Moreover, chalk dust was the primary source of indoor coarse particles. Mechanical ventilation resuspended the settled chalk dust particles, thereby increasing the mass concentration of airborne dust. Using antidust chalk generates coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles, particularly when cleaning the chalkboard. The best ventilation mode to reduce dust accumulated in the chalk teaching classroom was to open doors and turn on ceiling fans. Wearing face masks and increasing distance between seats and blackboard can also prevent teachers and students from chalk dust hazard. The results of this study should serve as a reference for improving indoor air quality and protecting teachers and students from harmful dust particles in classrooms.
Beacon-Less Operation and Idle Ping Slot Control for Low Power Communication in LoRaWAN (2017)

LoRa 네트워크의 클래스 B 단말장치는 게이트웨이로부터 주기적으로 비콘을 받아 동기화를 하며, 동기화가 된 단말장치는 서버로부터 데이터를 수신하기 위해 주기적으로 Ping 슬롯을 활성화 한다. 본 논문에서는 비콘이 분실되었을 경우 바로 수행되던 Beacon-less 동작 조건을 완화하여 불필요한 에너지 소비를 줄였다. 또한, 서버에서 전송할 데이터의 유무에 따라 동기화된 단말장치의 Ping 슬롯 비활성화를 조절하여 빈 슬롯이 발생되는 에너지 소비를 줄였다. 패킷 분실률이 20%인 실험 환경에서 Beacon-less 동작 조건 완화는 기존 방법에 비해 96.7% 에너지 절감을 보였으며, 서버의 전송데이터 유무에 따른 Ping 슬롯 비활성화는 약 60% 이상의 에너지 소모를 줄였다. A Class B device in LoRaWAN periodically receives a Beacon message from a gateway for synchronization, and it also periodically activates a ping slot to receive data from the server. In this paper, we save energy consumption by controlling the beacon-less operation which is immediately started on the packet loss. In addition, we propose a method that the server inactivates the ping slots of a device according to the amount of messages, which have to be received from the server, to save energy consumption resulting from activated but unused empty slots. The experiment with the 20% of packet loss rate showed that the reduced beacon-less operation and the inactivation of the ping slot decrease the energy consumption by 96.7% and 60% as compared to the existing method.
Mitosin (a new proliferation marker) correlates with clinical outcome in node-negative breast cancer. (1997)

Tumor proliferation rate is an important prognostic factor in breast cancer, and S-phase fraction (SPF), as measured by flow cytometry, is the most clinically validated of several methods for measuring it. However, flow cytometry is not well suited to evaluating the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors that are routinely available or to the increasing number of small breast cancers. These and other limitations have motivated research into alternative methods for measuring proliferation, including immunohistochemistry (IHC) against cell cycle-related antigens, which are better suited for the evaluation of small archival tissue samples. Mitosin is a recently described 350 kD nuclear phosphoprotein that is expressed in the late G1, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle but not in G0. Using a new monoclonal antibody (14C10), this pilot study evaluated mitosin expression by IHC in a series of 386 node-negative, formalin-fixed, archival breast cancers and correlated the results with several prognostic factors and clinical outcome (median follow-up, 78 months; range 3-214 months). The median and range of mitosin positive cells were 7% and 1-47%, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between mitosin and SPF (r = 0.57; P = 0.0001), and there were significant negative correlations with estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and patient age. Mitosin was not related to overall survival in this pilot study. However, in a univariate cutpoint analysis of disease-free survival (DFS), patients with high levels of mitosin (>9% positive cells) had significantly worse DFS than did patients with lower levels (68% versus 84% at 5 years, respectively). In a multivariate analysis of DFS, large tumor size (>2 cm) and high mitosin were the only independently significant predictors of recurrence (relative risks = 2.47 and 1.72, respectively) in a model containing the additional factors estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, patient age, and SPF. These preliminary results suggest that mitosin as assessed by IHC may be superior to SPF as a prognostic factor in node-negative breast cancer, but additional studies are necessary to validate these promising findings.
Proton Resonance Shifts of Acids in Liquid Sulfur Dioxide (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton Resonance Shifts of Acids in Liquid Sulfur DioxideS. Brownstein and A. E. StillmanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1959, 63, 12, 2061–2062Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150582a022https://doi.org/10.1021/j150582a022research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views279Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Mechanochemical synthesis of nanostructured metal nitrides, carbonitrides and carbon nitride: a combined theoretical and experimental study (2017)

Nowadays, the development of highly efficient routes for the low cost synthesis of nitrides is greatly growing. Mechanochemical synthesis is one of those promising techniques which is conventionally employed for the synthesis of nitrides by long term milling of metallic elements under a pressurized N<sub>2</sub> or NH<sub>3</sub> atmosphere (A. Calka and J. I. Nikolov, Nanostruct. Mater., 1995, 6, 409-412). In the present study, we describe a versatile, room-temperature and low-cost mechanochemical process for the synthesis of nanostructured metal nitrides (MNs), carbonitrides (MCNs) and carbon nitride (CN<sub>x</sub>). Based on this technique, melamine as a solid nitrogen-containing organic compound (SNCOC) is ball milled with four different metal powders (Al, Ti, Cr and V) to produce nanostructured AlN, TiC<sub>x</sub>N<sub>1-x</sub>, CrC<sub>x</sub>N<sub>1-x</sub>, and VC<sub>x</sub>N<sub>1-x</sub> (x ∼ 0.05). Both theoretical and experimental techniques are implemented to determine the reaction intermediates, products, by-products and finally, the mechanism underling this synthetic route. According to the results, melamine is polymerized in the presence of metallic elements at intermediate stages of the milling process, leading to the formation of a carbon nitride network. The CN<sub>x</sub> phase subsequently reacts with the metallic precursors to form MN, MCN or even MCN-CN<sub>x</sub> nano-composites depending on the defect formation energy and thermodynamic stability of the corresponding metal nitride, carbide and C/N co-doped structures.
Investigation of the Insecticide Seed Dressing on the Sugar Beet (2000)

The results of three year trials with various sugar beet seed treatments on the most important sugar beet pests, wireworms, flea beetles, sugar beet weevil and aphids are presented. The task of the investigation was to establish whether or not the sugar beet seed should be treated with insecticides and when granulars should be applied. In threeyear investigations 6 trials on different localities were carried out. Gaucho 70WS, Montur 190 FS, Geocid ST 35, Carbofuran 500 FS and a combination of Geocid ST 35 and Geocid G-5 were applied. The results showed that the imidacloprid seed treatment was satisfactory efficient on wireworms ensuring 20-42% more plants than on untreated plots. The efficacy of all treatments on the flea beetles was sufficient: Gaucho 70 WS 63-70%, the combined carbofuran treatment 65-67%, Geocid ST 35 54-55% and Montur 190 FS 52-55%. Therefore on imidacloprid and carbofuran treated crops the foliar treatment against flea beetles is mostly unnecassary. Insecticides based on imidacloprid showed a very good efficacy on aphids until 64 days after the sowing time with a somewhat longer residual action than the standard carbofuran treatments. All investigated insecticides were not satisfactorily efficient against sugar beet weevil. The seed dressing with a systemic insecticide is a justified measure. But, if the attack of wirevorms is strong or if a positive sugar beet weevil forecast is present, granulars shoud be applied additionaly.
Obnubilations comas et stupeurs: Etudes electroencephalographiques. (1960)

This monograph reports the study of 155 patients (less 10 epileptic comas) on whom 379 electroencephalograms were made during the period 1955-1958. The presentation is fragmentary because the patients studied had neurosurgical disorders only—trauma, hematoma, or tumor. Reference to published studies on comas of other causes is made. After discussing the patterns of comatose states in general, the authors describe the patterns of four "stages of coma": (1) cloudy state, (2) "coma proper," (3) the stage of insensibility (<i>carus</i>), and (4) acute cardiorespiratory failure, and brain death. The fifth chapter discusses the same stages from the point of view of their evolution, whether acute or chronic, the evolution of the patterns being different. Prolonged cloudy state, postcoma hypertonic stupor, mutism, and psychomotor regression in childhood are described. Of interest is the authors' claim that coma patterns are not mere extensions of drowsy and sleep patterns but are of a different
Simulations of the acquisition module for DS-CDMA systems (2002)

This paper is a summary of simulations in a "single-dwell" device. This serial acquisition device has been simulated to characterize its behaviour in the presence of real communication. Different graphs for false alarm and detection probabilities have been derived for several values of pilot signal power, number of interference users, noise, drift, etc., and the effect of these parameters evaluated. The analysis, results and conclusions are also applicable in a multiple dwell structure.
Adjuvant Activity of a Nontoxic Mutant of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Heat-Labile Enterotoxin on Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses Elicited against a Heterologous Antigen Carried by a Live<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Serovar Typhimurium Vaccine Strain (2000)

ABSTRACT Systemic and mucosal antibody responses against both the major subunit of colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and the somatic lipopolysaccharide expressed by recombinant bivalent Salmonella vaccine strains were significantly enhanced by coadministration of a detoxified derivative with preserved adjuvant effects of the ETEC heat-labile toxin, LT (R192G) . The results further support the adjuvant effects of LT (R192G) and represent a simple alternative to improve responses against passenger antigens expressed by orally delivered Salmonella vaccine strains.