gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UPnP/sup TM/ 1.1 - Designing for Performance & Compatibility (2005)

The UPnP/spl trade/ 1.0 peer-2-peer home networking architecture is an important step towards interoperability of networked consumer devices, realizing the connected home experience. This paper describes how the UPnP 1.1 device architecture improves the UPnP 1.0 device architecture in a backwards-compatible way, improving discovery and compatibility with referenced standard.
A.M. noise of IMPATT-diode oscillators (1970)

Based on a general oscillator model, noise spectra are calculated by a quasistationary method. From this, the reduction of the a.m. noise caused by adjusting the locus of the load circuit orthogonal to the curve of the device impedance is indicated and verified by experiments. The noise reduction generally is 5–15 dB. Measurements of the a.m.-f.m.-noise-correlation coefficient confirm the results.
Characterization of the staphylococcal bacteriophage lysin CHAPK (2011)

Currently, there is a need for new antimicrobial agents due to the increasing worldwide prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Our findings demonstrate the potential for development of CHAP(K) as an alternative therapeutic against pathogenic staphylococci including MRSA.
Transition Detection in Body Movement Activities for Wearable ECG (2007)

It has been shown by Pawar et al. (2007) that the motion artifacts induced by body movement activity (BMA) in a single-lead wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal recorder, while monitoring an ambulatory patient, can be detected and removed by using a principal component analysis (PCA)-based classification technique. However, this requires the ECG signal to be temporally segmented so that each segment comprises of artifacts due to a single type of body movement activity. In this paper, we propose a simple, recursively updated PCA-based technique to detect transitions wherever the type of body movement is changed.
Control of tie-line power flow of microgrid including wind generation by DSTATCOM-SMES controller (2009)

This paper proposes the use of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) in combination with a distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) as an effective controller of tie-line power flow of microgrids incorporating wind generation. The high penetration of wind generation causes fluctuations of tie-line power flow and significantly affects power system operations. This can lead to severe problems, such as system frequency oscillations, and/or violations of lines capability. With proper control, the DSTATCOM-SMES is capable of supplying the power system with both active and reactive powers simultaneously and very fast, and thus is able to enhance the dynamic security dramatically. A full detailed model of the DSTATCOM-SMES controller is proposed and a new control scheme is designed, comprising an enhanced frequency control scheme. The dynamic performance of the proposed control schemes is fully validated through digital simulation carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink.
Coronary Artery Calcification Screening (2009)

These radiation risk estimates can be compared with potential benefits from screening, when such estimates are available. Doses and therefore risks can be minimized by the use of optimized protocols.
Packaging of microsystems for harsh environments (2001)

Micromachined devices have great potential but using these fragile structures in aggressive environments can pose a challenge. Mechanical shock, chemical exposure, and temperature extremes can damage delicate microsystems. Also, substantial effort is often put forth to develop a device concept only to find later that the device is difficult or expensive to package suitably in a consumer or automotive environment. The cost of materials, processing, and manufacturing make the sensor or actuator device impractical for some applications. A successful MEMS device manages the proper balance for its application between the high device performance and low unit cost. The packaging of MEMS begins with a consideration of the microsystem's environment. An aerospace, automotive, or industrial component could be subjected to temperatures ranging from -40/spl deg/C to over 150/spl deg/C. Mechanical shocks in the 10 g to +500 g range can be experienced which can fracture poorly designed silicon beams. Chemical exposure, which can corrode silicon, or the metal interconnection lines on silicon, and shift electrical parameters, are challenges that must be overcome in these applications.
Solder paste printing process modelling map (2002)

This paper presents work done in the modelling of solder paste printing, a crucial process in the reflow soldering of surface mounted electronic components. The map summarises the results of the experimental observations and theoretical models developed. In the mapping approach developed, information on the process models and modelling technique (including assumptions used), process and equipment parameters, physical sub-processes, process variables, and the process performance in terms of quality and/or defects are represented. The solder paste printing process is modelled as six different interacting sub-processes in the physical sub-processes layer, namely: pre-print paste treatment, squeegee deformation, paste roll in front of the squeegee, aperture filling, aperture emptying and paste slump. The sub-processes are linked together by the properties of the solder paste such as its flow history or theology in terms of the stress/strain history and the viscosity/time graph.
OPLS3: A Force Field Providing Broad Coverage of Drug-like Small Molecules and Proteins (2015)

The parametrization and validation of the OPLS3 force field for small molecules and proteins are reported. Enhancements with respect to the previous version (OPLS2.1) include the addition of off-atom charge sites to represent halogen bonding and aryl nitrogen lone pairs as well as a complete refit of peptide dihedral parameters to better model the native structure of proteins. To adequately cover medicinal chemical space, OPLS3 employs over an order of magnitude more reference data and associated parameter types relative to other commonly used small molecule force fields (e.g., MMFF and OPLS_2005). As a consequence, OPLS3 achieves a high level of accuracy across performance benchmarks that assess small molecule conformational propensities and solvation. The newly fitted peptide dihedrals lead to significant improvements in the representation of secondary structure elements in simulated peptides and native structure stability over a number of proteins. Together, the improvements made to both the small molecule and protein force field lead to a high level of accuracy in predicting protein-ligand binding measured over a wide range of targets and ligands (less than 1 kcal/mol RMS error) representing a 30% improvement over earlier variants of the OPLS force field.
Periosteal Cell Pellet Culture System: A New Technique for Bone Engineering (2006)

To treat bone loss that is induced by disease or wounds, bone grafts are commonly used. In dentistry, guided tissue regeneration is effective in the treatment of periodontal diseases. However, bone resorption after implantation is a major problem with the bone graft and guided tissue regeneration technique. This study examines a cell pellet culture system without exogenous scaffolds for bone regeneration. First, we examined the effect of ascorbic acid on cells. Transmission electron microscopic observation revealed that cells formed a three-dimensional structure of multiple cell layers after 5 weeks of culturing in medium containing 50 microg/ ml ascorbic acid with the medium changed every 7 days. A single cell pellet was produced by centrifuging cells that were gathered from 10 tissue culture dishes. Van Gieson staining and collagen type I immunostaining showed that the pellet contained collagen fibers and cells that adhered to the collagen fibers. Several of these cell pellets were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of nude mice for 6 weeks. Histology and immunohistochemistry results indicated new bone formation, vascular invasion, and insular areas of calcification. Bone tissue was surrounded by osteoblasts. The appearance of new bone formation is similar to that seen in intramembranous ossification. The present pellet system is reliable and might solve problems of bone resorption after implantation.
IL-6 and IL-10 as predictors of disease severity in COVID-19 patients: results from meta-analysis and regression (2021)

Simple panel proposed by us with only two cytokine markers can be used as predictors for fast diagnosis of patients with higher risk of COVID-19 disease deterioration and thus can be managed well for a favourable prognosis.
Presidential address to the sixty-sixth annual meeting of the American Association of Immunologists in Dallas, April 8, 1979, in honor of its first president, Dr. Gerald B. Webb. Beyond cellular immunology. (1979)

Over the past 20 years we have seen the explosive development of a new scientific discipline, cellular immunology. At least 60% of the articles in our Journal and more than 60% of the allergy and immunology grants received or awarded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in the past year involve experiments with lymphocytes and macrophages. This would have amused and pleased Dr. Gerald B. Webb, (Fig. 1), the first president of our Society. Dr. Webb was an early advocate of cellular immunology, but in his day this approach to immunity was not very popular; the humoral immunologists and serologists had the upper hand. In the next few minutes I plan to review for you the origin and growth of cellular immunology and show how the very factors that led to its explosive development should be instrumental in creating a still newer discipline. First a note about the origin of the word immunology .
Bootstrapping Face Detection with Hard Negative Examples (2016)

Recently significant performance improvement in face detection was made possible by deeply trained convolutional networks. In this report, a novel approach for training state-of-the-art face detector is described. The key is to exploit the idea of hard negative mining and iteratively update the Faster R-CNN based face detector with the hard negatives harvested from a large set of background examples. We demonstrate that our face detector outperforms state-of-the-art detectors on the FDDB dataset, which is the de facto standard for evaluating face detection algorithms.
Fractal properties of human heart period variability: physiological and methodological implications (2009)

Fractal frequency scaling of heart period variability is used as a concise index of overall cardiac control. However, no prior study has assessed within-individual reproducibility of fractal indices of heart period, or reported how the estimated indices respond to autonomic blockade. Therefore, we examined fractal properties of the heart period from ten young, healthy individuals during three separate experimental sessions under control (saline) conditions and twice under combined autonomic blockade (atenolol and atropine sulfate) conditions. Under each condition, R-R intervals were recorded with the subject in the supine and the 40 deg upright tilt positions during 20 min of controlled breathing in each position. We calculated the fractal scaling exponent using detrended fluctuation analysis and estimated confidence intervals of the scaling exponents for each R-R interval time series within each individual. In the control condition, upright tilt significantly increased the scaling exponents (from 0.73 +/- 0.11 (+/-S.D., session 1), 0.72 +/- 0.10 (session 2) and 0.75 +/- 0.13 (session 3) to 0.82 +/- 0.12, 0.82 +/- 0.11 and 0.84 +/- 0.10; Student's paired t-test, t = 2.79, P = 0.02; t = 2.80, P = 0.02; and t = 2.07, P = 0.07). However, neither the absolute scaling exponents nor their change in response to upright tilt were reproducible (Lin's concordance coefficient less than 0.9, P > 0.1 for all comparisons). Following autonomic blockade, the scaling exponents were significantly increased (supine: 1.08 +/- 0.13 and 1.08 +/- 0.14; tilt: 1.07 +/- 0.21 and 1.08 +/- 0.14) for both experimental sessions (two-way repeated-measures ANOVA; F(17,1) = 40.89, P < 0.001 and F(17,1) = 42.72, P < 0.001) regardless of position. However, within individuals, the scaling exponents failed to distinguish between control and blockade for half of the subjects in at least one experimental session. Thus, fractal scaling exponents are not reproducible within individuals and do not reliably reflect the autonomic mechanisms responsible for heart period variability. In fact, data from combined blockade suggest that physiological effects of autonomic outflow may mask intrinsic fractal behaviour of the sinoatrial node.
The effect of phenolic compounds of poplar leaves extract on cutaneous angiogenesis reaction induced in mice by human mononuclear leukocytes. (1998)

The influence of ether fraction of water-soluble extract of poplar leaves (Populus nigra L.) and nine phenolic acids (cinnamic and benzoic acids derivatives) on human mononuclear (MNL) leukocytes angiogenic activity was studied. Ether fraction, containing mainly phenolic acids, increased cutaneous angiogenesis induced in mice by human MNL isolated from the blood of healthy donors. Increase of angiogenic activity was also observed in case of caffeic, gallic, salicylic, ferulic and gentisic acids. Isovanillic, protocatechuic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids did not influence this parameter.
Control of FES in paraplegia: modeling voluntary arm forces. (1998)

Skilled behavior is difficult or impossible to articulate explicitly by the performers. Likewise biomechanical models of skilled motor actions are often limited by the lack of knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. A 'behavioral cloning' technique is described, based on a trained artificial neural network (ANN), that precisely mimics an individual's learned skill. In this paper the motor skill considered is that of paraplegics using their upper limbs whilst standing-up with FES. In a group of eight paraplegics with complete spinal injuries, it was possible to develop clones that followed closely the observed behavior of the subjects. Each subject used a unique and consistent voluntary control strategy. Subjects with more experience in using FES were more consistent in the use of their arms from trial to trial. Comparison of the clones revealed features suggestive of some common underlying voluntary control strategies.
An engineered phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase redirects carbon and nitrogen flow in transgenic potato plants (2002)

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) plays a central role in the anaplerotic provision of carbon skeletons for amino acid biosynthesis in leaves of C3 plants. Furthermore, in both C4 and CAM plants photosynthetic isoforms are pivotal for the fixation of atmospheric CO2. Potato PEPC was mutated either by modifications of the N-terminal phosphorylation site or by an exchange of an internal cDNA segment for the homologous sequence of PEPC from the C4 plant Flaveria trinervia. Both modifications resulted in enzymes with lowered sensitivity to malate inhibition and an increased affinity for PEP. These effects were enhanced by a combination of both mutated sequences and pulse labelling with 14CO2 in vivo revealed clearly increased fixation into malate for this genotype. Activity levels correlated well with protein levels of the mutated PEPC. Constitutive overexpression of PEPC carrying both N-terminal and internal modifications strongly diminished plant growth and tuber yield. Metabolite analysis showed that carbon flow was re-directed from soluble sugars and starch to organic acids (malate) and amino acids, which increased four-fold compared with the wild type. The effects on leaf metabolism indicate that the engineered enzyme provides an optimised starting point for the installation of a C4-like photosynthetic pathway in C3 plants.
<title>Transmission and reflection SHSG holograms</title> (2001)

Silver halide sensitized gelatin (SHSG) holograms are similar to holograms recorded in dichromated gelatin (DCG), the main recording material for holographic optical elements (HOEs). The drawback of DCG is its low energetic sensitivity and limited spectral response. Silver halide materials can be processed in such a way that the final hologram will have properties like a DCG hologram. Recently this technique has become more interesting since the introduction of new ultra- fine grain silver halide (AgHal) emulsions. In particular, high spatial frequency fringes associated with HOEs of the reflection type are difficult to convert employing SHSG processing methods. Therefore, an optimized processing techniques for reflection HOEs recorded in the new AgHal- materials is introduced. Diffraction efficiencies over 90 percent can be obtained for both transmission and reflection diffraction gratings. Understanding the importance of the selective hardening process has made it possible to obtain results similar to conventional DCG processing. The main advantage of the SHSG process is that high-sensitivity recording can be performed with laser wavelengths anywhere within the visible spectrum. This simplifies the manufacturing of high-quality, large-format HOEs, including also high-quality display holograms of the reflection type, both monochrome and full color.
The crystal structure of phenylpyruvate decarboxylase from <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i> at 1.5 Å resolution (2007)

Phenylpyruvate decarboxylase (PPDC) of Azospirillum brasilense, involved in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid and the antimicrobial compound phenylacetic acid, is a thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzyme that catalyses the nonoxidative decarboxylation of indole- and phenylpyruvate. Analogous to yeast pyruvate decarboxylases, PPDC is subject to allosteric substrate activation, showing sigmoidal v versus [S] plots. The present paper reports the crystal structure of this enzyme determined at 1.5 A resolution. The subunit architecture of PPDC is characteristic for other members of the pyruvate oxidase family, with each subunit consisting of three domains with an open alpha/beta topology. An active site loop, bearing the catalytic residues His112 and His113, could not be modelled due to flexibility. The biological tetramer is best described as an asymmetric dimer of dimers. A cysteine residue that has been suggested as the site for regulatory substrate binding in yeast pyruvate decarboxylase is not conserved, requiring a different mechanism for allosteric substrate activation in PPDC. Only minor changes occur in the interactions with the cofactors, thiamine diphosphate and Mg2+, compared to pyruvate decarboxylase. A greater diversity is observed in the substrate binding pocket accounting for the difference in substrate specificity. Moreover, a catalytically important glutamate residue conserved in nearly all decarboxylases is replaced by a leucine in PPDC. The consequences of these differences in terms of the catalytic and regulatory mechanism of PPDC are discussed.
Pulsed Alexandrite Laser for the Treatment of Leg Telangiectasia and Reticular Veins (2000)

A single treatment with a 755-nm, 3-millisecond alexandrite laser at high fluence in conjunction with cryogen skin cooling produced excellent clearance of telangiectasia and reticular veins of the leg with minimal adverse effects.
MMST manufacturing technology-hardware, sensors, and processes (1994)

This paper describes the equipment and processes utilized in the Microelectronics Manufacturing Science and Technology (MMST) program. The processes were carried out in a combination of testbeds (AVP, the TI designed and built Advanced Vacuum Processor) and commercial equipment, all in the single-wafer mode. All AVP processing was performed with the wafers in an inverted, face-down, configuration. All the processing equipment was connected to a Computer-Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) system, which both collected the designated data and communicated the process parameters from the CIM database to the particular processing unit. Where available, in situ sensors were utilized for monitoring the process parameters, with measurements made on a metrology die in the center of the wafer. Many of these processes were controlled by the model-based process control algorithms in the CIM system. Otherwise, the processes were controlled by standard statistical process control (SPC) methods. This paper emphasizes the processing methodology that was developed and followed in order to operate in this CIM environment and successfully execute an approximately 150 step 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS process in less than 72 hours.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Neurosteroids as regulators of neuroinflammation (2019)

Neuroinflammation is a physiological protective response in the context of infection and injury. However, neuroinflammation, especially if chronic, may also drive neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), display inflammatory activation of microglia and astrocytes. Intriguingly, the central nervous system (CNS) is a highly steroidogenic environment synthesizing steroids de novo, as well as metabolizing steroids deriving from the circulation. Neurosteroid synthesis can be substantially affected by neuroinflammation, while, in turn, several steroids, such as 17β-estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and allopregnanolone, can regulate neuroinflammatory responses. Here, we review the role of neurosteroids in neuroinflammation in the context of MS, AD, PD and TBI and describe underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, we introduce the concept that synthetic neurosteroid analogues could be potentially utilized for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
Electron microscope studies on protein molecules with special reference to the high molecular weight respiratory proteins (1963)

Electron microscope studies on protein molecules with special reference to the high molecular weight respiratory proteins
Efficient exhaustive search for optimal-peak-sidelobe binary codes (2005)

The work presented here describes an exhaustive search for minimum peak sidelobe level (PSL) binary codes, combining several devices for efficiency. These include combinatoric tree search techniques, the use of PSL-preserving symmetries to reduce search space, data representations and operations for fast sidelobe computation, and a partitioning scheme for parallelism. All balanced 64-bit minimum PSL codes are presented, and the upper limit on known consecutive lengths to have PSL = 4 codes is extended to 70. In addition, a technique for determining balance properties of a code for given PSL-preserving transformations is developed.
FFT filter-bank-based wideband detection: Coherent vs. non-coherent integration (2009)

Mathematical formulas are derived for computing the relative performance gains obtainable with non-coherent and coherent integration in the detection of narrowband signals using an FFT filter bank. Numerical results are provided for typical implementation parameters. These results are useful for making appropriate tradeoffs in the design of solutions for practical signal detection problems.
Identification of a novel site specific endonuclease produced by<i>Mycoplasma fermentans</i>: discovery while characterizing DNA binding proteins in T lymphocyte cell lines (1989)

We have discovered a new restriction endonuclease, MfeI, in nuclear extracts from T cells contaminated with Mycoplasma fermentans. This endonuclease was identified while studying proteins binding to the interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain gene promoter. MfeI cuts at the recognition sequence C'AATTG generating EcoRI compatible cohesive ends. Potential applications are discussed.