gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A prospective and randomized study of ovarian stimulation for ICSI with recombinant FSH versus highly purified urinary FSH (2000)

A prospective and randomized study of ovarian stimulation with human recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (r-FSH; Gonal-F) versus highly purified urinary FSH (u-FSH-HP; Metrodin-HP) was conducted on patients submitted to an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) program. A total of 120 patients aged 37 years or less were stimulated in a randomized manner with r-FSH (group I = 60 patients) or u-FSH-HP (group II = 60 patients). All received a fixed dose of FSH for 7 days and on the 8th day of stimulation the doses started to be adapted according to ovarian response. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) at the dose of 5000 IU to 10,000 IU was administered to both groups when at least one follicle presented a diameter > or = 17 mm. The ovarian response did not differ significantly between groups I and II in terms of number of follicles > or = 16 mm (group I = 6.2 +/- 3.2; group II = 6.7 +/- 2.9; p = 0.26), number of oocytes collected (group I = 10.7 +/- 6.8; group II = 10.5 +/- 5.7; p = 0.91), number of oocytes in metaphase II (group I = 9.2 +/- 5.8; group II = 8.2 +/- 4.8; p = 0.56) or number of immature oocytes (group I = 1.8 +/- 0.9; group II = 1.9 +/- 1.7; p = 0.62). The normal fertilization rate after ICSI did not differ significantly between treatments (group I = 69.4 +/- 25; group II = 66.5 +/- 23; p = 0.38). No cases of cancellation of ovarian stimulation or of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome occurred in either group. The total number of embryos obtained from patients who used r-FSH (group I = 6.3 +/- 4.5) was similar (p = 0.46) to the number obtained from patients who used u-FSH-HP (group II = 5.5 +/- 3.7), as also was the number of transferred embryos (group I = 2.8 +/- 0.8; group II = 2.6 +/- 0.9; p = 0.27). Implantation rate (26.1%) and clinical pregnancy rates per puncture (36.7%) and per embryo transfer (37.9%) were higher in patients who used r-FSH than in patients who used u-FSH-HP (19.5%, 31.7% and 32.2%, respectively), but the differences were not statistically significant. The abortion rate (p = 0.32) did not differ between groups (group I = 4.5%, n = 1 versus group II = 15.7%, n = 3). Thus far, the data do not demonstrate significant differences in ovary stimulation with r-FSH versus u-FSH in patients whose indication for assisted reproduction was the male factor.
Engineering a gigapixel monocentric multiscale camera (2012)

Multiscale designs greatly simplify the large-scale optics needed to realize the resolution of a large aperture. Unlike most monolithic lens systems, multiscale cameras have interdependencies between the optics at various scales. To realize a successful multiscale design, the relationships between microcamera scale and overall camera scale parameters must be understood. Starting with a specification of the multiscale camera, we present a simplified model that allows paraxial optical quantities to be estimated. Based on these quantities, a monocentric objective and a microcamera can be designed. An example of a practical design using spherical glass optics is presented.
Whole‐brain amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear overhauser enhancement (NOE) imaging in glioma patients using low‐power steady‐state pulsed chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging at 7T (2015)

Purpose To explore the relationship of amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) signal intensities with respect to different World Health Organization (WHO) brain tumor grades (II to IV) at 7T. Materials and Methods APT‐based and NOE‐based signals at 7T using low‐power steady‐state chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) were compared among de novo primary gliomas of different WHO grades (II to IV). The quantitative APT and NOE signals, calculated by fitting approach using extrapolated semisolid MT reference (EMR) signals, were compared with the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTR asym ) analysis, commonly used in APT‐weighted MRI. Results The observed NOE signals of all glioma grades were significantly lower than normal brain tissue ( P < 0.01). NOE signals significantly differed between low‐grade (II) gliomas and high‐grade (III, IV) gliomas ( P < 0.05). APT signals showed no difference between the tumor regions for any glioma grades (M = 3.08%, 2.64%, and 3.10%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.81% ∼ 3.33%, 2.36% ∼ 2.91%, and 2.85% ∼ 3.36% for grade II, III, and IV, respectively), and between normal brain tissue and all glioma grades ( P = 0.08, M = 4.29% and 2.94%, 95% CI = 3.57% ∼ 4.99% and 2.47% ∼ 3.41% for normal and average grade II, III, and IV), while MTR asym differed significantly between normal tissue and all glioma grades ( P < 0.05). Conclusion NOE contributes substantially to APT‐weighted MRI at 7T at low RF saturation power and provides a promising biomarker for glioma grading.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:41–50.
Uniform handling and abstraction of NFV hardware accelerators (2015)

This article outlines some NFV topics related to implementing VNF over NFVI where HWA may be needed. The document highlights the commonalities and differences among various HWA approaches and suggests uniform handling, common architecture, and abstraction layer for the hardware acceleration components. This uniform handling will allow deployment of various hardware accelerators within NFVI and facilitate interoperability between various VNFs and HWAs.
Integrated AC/DC converter with high power factor (2002)

A new AC/DC power converter with high power factor is presented. This power converter has the advantages over both standard two-stage power factor corrected AC/DC power converters and single stage PFC power converters. These advantages are the overall simplicity of the power train, an optimised steady DC voltage maintained across the DC cell, constant operating frequency, inherent inrush current limiting capability, high efficiency due to the chosen topology's inherent ZVT capability and simple and inexpensive control circuits. The principle of operation is discussed and the design procedure for the power mesh is proposed. The small-signal model of the PFC cell is included.
Hydroxymethylfurfural production from bioresources: past, present and future (2014)

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been known as a product from hexose dehydration for over 100 years and is considered to be one of the most promising platform molecules that can be converted into a variety of interesting chemicals. HMF, together with furfural and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) are derivatives of furan compounds, which were listed as the top 10 value-added bio-based chemicals by the US Department of Energy. The great and increasing interest in the production of furan derivatives from biomass resources is due to the great potential of furan derivatives as feedstock for bulk chemicals and fuels. HMF can be synthesized by dehydration of all types of C6 carbohydrates, including monomeric and polymeric carbohydrates, such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, starch, inulin, cellulose, and raw biomass. Numerous improvements and milestones have been made in the dehydration process during the past 130 years. The big challenge for the process of HMF production is its suitability for industrial scale yet being cost efficient. This perspective article will review the HMF development timeline, focusing on the important events, landmark contributions, engineering and practical challenges of HMF production.
On the design and capacity planning of a wireless local area network (2002)

The design of a wireless local area network (WLAN) has two major issues: determining the best placement of base stations (BS) and assigning the frequency channels for those stations. The correct BS placement minimizes installation costs. Adequate channel assignment reduces signal interference and improve network throughput. This paper reports a real experience where we applied the concepts of two classical outdoor problems namely the optimal base placement problem and the fixed channel assignment problem to build a WLAN in an indoor environment.
The role of invertases and hexose transporters in controlling sugar ratios in maternal and filial tissues of barley caryopses during early development (2003)

To analyse carbohydrate metabolism and its role during early seed development of barley we characterised genes encoding two cell wall-bound invertases (HvCWINV1 and HvCWINV2) and two putative hexose transporter-like genes (HvSTP1 and HvSTP2). No typical vacuolar invertase gene could be identified. Instead, a gene encoding sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (HvSF6FT1), an enzyme with soluble acid invertase activity, was isolated and characterised. Furthermore, enzyme activities and sugar levels were measured. HvSF6FT1-mRNA levels and acid soluble invertase activity are highest in the maternal pericarp 1-2 days after flowering (DAF). HvSF6FT1 is strongly expressed in regions flanking the main vascular bundle and to a lower extent in filial endospermal transfer cells, which persist until maturity and never accumulate starch. In contrast, cell wall-bound invertase HvCWINV2 is expressed early in development mainly in the style region and later on in pericarp areas which transiently accumulate starch and undergo degradation later in development. The hexose transporter HvSTP2 shows a temporal and spatial expression pattern similar to HvCWINV2. Transcripts of HvCWINV1 have been localised within the first row of endospermal cells and in the outermost area of the nucellar projection as well as in endospermal transfer cells before starch filling; the same regions of the endosperm are labelled with a hexose transporter HvSTP1-probe. HvSTP1 is expressed at very low levels within the pericarp but much higher in the syncytial endosperm at 3 DAF and in endospermal transfer cells 7 DAF. The temporal and spatial association of HvCWINV1 and HvSTP1 expression indicates that hexoses liberated by the invertase within the endospermal cavity are taken up by the transporter to be delivered into the central uncellularised space of the endosperm to supply mitotically active endosperm cells with hexoses. The results are discussed and compared with published data on the role of soluble sugars as signal molecules in seed developmental processes.
Self-assembly and phase separation of amphiphilic dyads based on 4,7-bis(2-thienyl)benzothiodiazole and perylene diimide (2014)

To get highly ordered organic structures at the nanoscale, a series of new electronic donor–acceptor (D–A) dyads were synthesized. The dyads bearing different side chains (lipophilic or amphiphilic) or linkers (Long or Short) showed variable self-assembly behaviour. Long-linker dyads can fold in dilute solution, but the folding of short-linker dyads was not observed. Intermolecular D–A interactions and acceptor–acceptor (A–A) aggregation were proved to co-occur in chloroform for all four dyads. In the bulk state, amphiphilic dyads could overcome the intrinsic D–A interactions and achieve better D–A phase separation than lipophilic ones due to the incompatibility of the side chains. The dyad with a short-linker and amphiphilic side chains, Samphi, had the ability to form a gel, and both of the amphiphilic dyads could form nanofibres.
Characterization of Soluble Fibronectin Binding to Bacille Calmette-Guerin (1989)

Fibronectin (FN), a 420 kDa glycoprotein, consists of two similar subunits linked by a disulphide bond near the C-terminal end. FN is present in soluble and matrix forms in various body fluids and tissues and has been shown to bind to variety of organisms. We characterized the conditions required for 125I-FN binding to Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). The binding was dose-dependent, reached saturation within 3 min, and was essentially irreversible for at least 24 h under optimal binding conditions at pH 6.0. In contrast, the binding was reversible (greater than 90% in 24 h) when the pH was increased to 10.0. Scatchard analysis of the dose-response experiments produced a straight line, suggesting the presence of a single class of FN receptor on BCG. 125I-FN binding was trypsin-sensitive, suggesting that the BCG-binding molecule is a protein. The number of FN receptors was determined to be 8000-15,000 per bacterium. 125I-FN binding was pH dependent, with maximal binding at acidic pH. 125I-FN binding was sensitive to the presence of NaCl, with 0.08 M-NaCl inhibiting binding by 85%. These data demonstrate that soluble FN binds to a trypsin-sensitive cell-surface component of BCG in an essentially irreversible manner.
Modelling and identification of the pupillary light reflex system (1979)

This paper describes an approach to the modelling and identifiaction of the human pupillary light reflex system based on measurements by means of a special device. The purpose of this work was to get a practical technique for evaluation of the pupillary behaviour, which enables comparison between several people under investigation. Some preliminary results are shown and the approach is discussed.
Supporting Location-Awareness in Open Distributed Systems (1998)

Mobile computers and communication devices are establishing themselves as ubiquitous features of daily life. This development is linked to tremendous growth in the number and sophistication of mobile and mobile-aware software applications. Increasingly, such applications need access to information about their own and other objects&apos; physical locations, a requirement known as location-awareness. Existing location-aware applications and systems are typically tailored to a particular type of positioning technology. This is unsatisfactory considering that no technology provides ubiquitous coverage. Equally, there are few accepted models and abstractions for building location-aware applications, making their design and implementation costly and error-prone. Location-awareness raises legitimate concerns about personal and organisational privacy. These vary widely across administrative and application domains. Hence, there is a need to find a model allowing a balance between protection and fu...
Mechanisms of cell damage in agitated microcarrier tissue culture reactors (1986)

Cells growing on microcarriers may be damaged by collisions of the microcarrier against another microcarrier or the reactor agitator. Bead-bead collisions are caused by small-scale turbulence, which can also cause high local shear stress on the cells. The cells are also exposed to 10-20 Hz cyclic shear stress by bead rotation.
Wireless sensor and actuator network system for calling home robots (2010)

This paper presents the design and implementation of a wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) system for calling home robots in indoor environments. The proposed system consists of a network of wireless pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor nodes and a mobile actuator node. The PIR sensor nodes are deployed on the ceiling of a room to form a grid topology. The location of a person within the detection area can be calculated by a localization algorithm based on multi-sensor information fusion. Depending on the location information, the mobile node serves as a home robot that can navigate to the person asking for help. A prototype system of the proposed WSAN has been implemented. Experimental results show that both the localization accuracy and the navigation accuracy are good enough for the mobile node to put itself within easy reach. This service plays a very important role in assisting elderly and disabled people to maintain their independence and improve their quality of life in their homes.
Functionalization of graphite, glassy carbon, and polymer surfaces with highly oxidized sulfur species by plasma treatments (2002)

SO 2 and SO2+H2O plasma treatments have been performed on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, glassy carbon and several polymers in order to functionalize their surface with sulfur in different oxidation states. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy measurements prove that highly oxidized sulfur species (SO3, SO3H, SO4, and SO4H) as well as covalently bound sulfur and low oxidized sulphur species (SO and SO2) are formed and chemisorbed at the surface by plasma treatment. The oxidation state of the adsorbed sulfur species depends on the bias potential applied to the sample. The greater the bias, the lower the oxidation state. The same behavior as a function of the plasma parameters is found for all substrates. The maximal coverage of the surface with sulfur functionalities has been estimated to be about one monolayer. The modifications of the surface topography have also been measured with atomic force microscopy.
Suppression of simulated Brillouin scattering using optical isolators (1992)

A new technique for suppressing the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) using isolator(s) is proposed; the performance of suppression and the optimal positions of isolators are discussed. In a preliminary experiment using one isolator, the threshold power increased by 1.2dB.
Reactions of lithium diorganocuprates(I) with tosylates. I. Synthetic aspects (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReactions of lithium diorganocuprates(I) with tosylates. I. Synthetic aspectsCarl R. Johnson and Gerard A. DutraCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 23, 7777–7782Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00804a039https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00804a039research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1406Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Preparation of Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures Using the Membrane Filter Method (2003)

Thin slices of brain are commonly used to study regulation of neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). In most of these studies, experiments are performed using brain slices soon after their preparation. Thin brain slices have limited viability: Unless special culture conditions are employed, slices die after 1 d in vitro (DIV) (see Chapter 1). Longer viability is often desired to permit study of more extended processes, such as long-term modulation of synaptic plasticity, apoptosis, process outgrowth, and development. For this reason, neuroscientists have developed a variety of methods to place brain slices into long-term culture. All of these methods successfully preserve much of the tissue architecture and synaptic connections. Two early methods—using roller tubes () or Maximov chambers ()—are no longer commonly used since they are technically cumbersome and do not permit optimum access to the slice. Most studies now employ variations of the membrane filter method (). Brain slices are placed on a porous membrane filter that provides a suitable substratum and allows a thin film of media to cover the surface of the slice by capillary action (Fig. 1). The membrane inserts are placed into standard tissue culture dishes for long-term culture. The slice remains well-oxygenated without drying out and adequate nutrition is provided through the membrane. Slices from a variety of brain regions have been successfully cultured. This chapter will concentrate on the culturing of hippocampal slices. Culturing of slices from other brain regions requires little modification of this method. Open image in new window Fig. 1. Schematic drawing of the culture of brain slices on membrane inserts. The culture medium forms a thin layer on the top and sides of the slice by capillary action.
Built-in self-test (BIST) design of high-speed carry-free dividers (2002)

This paper presents a built-in self-test (BIST) design of a high-speed C-testable divider. The divider can be fully tested using 72 test patterns irrespective of the circuit size (C-testability). Its test patterns, expected outputs, and control signals can be represented by sets of labels using a graph labeling technique. Due to the simplicity of the repetitive label sets, test patterns can be easily generated inside chips and responses to test patterns need not to be stored. Thus, use of expensive test equipment is not necessary. Results show that, for the BIST design of a 64-bit C-testable divider, its hardware overhead is less than 5%.
Identification of New Peptide Ligands for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Using Phage Display and Computationally Modeling their Mode of Binding (2011)

Peptide phage display, a powerful method for ligand identification, was used to identify new peptide ligands for epidermal growth factor receptor. A-431 cells expressing epidermal growth factor receptor were used as the matrix in a cell-based subtractive biopanning approach using a 7-mer peptide displaying phage library. Two novel peptide ligands were identified and tested for their affinities and functional effects on epidermal growth factor receptor. The identified peptides were able to inhibit the epidermal growth factor-induced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of affinity binding experiments showed that the natural ligand, that is epidermal growth factor, was able to inhibit competitively the binding of peptide-bearing phage to epidermal growth factor receptor expressing A-431 cells. Molecular modeling studies were used to calculate the free energies for the binding of peptides to the receptor-binding site as well as proposing the interaction modes for this binding. The calculated values for the binding energies were found to be similar to our experimental data and those of previously reported studies.
Growth and angiogenesis of human breast cancer in a nude mouse tumour model is reduced by NK4, a HGF/SF antagonist (2003)

Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) is a cytokine primarily produced by stromal fibroblasts and is a known angiogenic and invasion-inducing factor. It is increased in patients with breast cancer. This study examined the effect of NK4, a newly described HGF/SF antagonist, on HGF/SF-promoted growth of a human breast cancer. Both in vitro (invasion and migration assays) and in vivo (murine tumour model) methods were used to ascertain the effect of NK4 on HGF/SF from two sources: human fibroblast-derived HGF/SF and recombinant HGF/SF. In the in vitro invasion assay and migration assay, both HGF/SF and human fibroblasts, which secrete bioactive HGF/SF, increased the invasiveness and migration of the breast cancer cells (MDA MB 231). NK4 significantly reduced this invasiveness and motility. In the animal model, tumour volume and weight was significantly reduced with addition of NK4. It also suppressed HGF/SF-induced growth and markedly retarded tumour growth induced by fibroblasts (MRC5), secreting bioactive HGF/SF. Tumour angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemical staining of primary tissue sections using VE-cadherin (an endothelial cell specific cell-cell adhesion molecule). Again, NK4 reduced the effects of both HGF/SF and fibroblasts. We conclude that NK4 has a significant effect on the growth of human breast tumours in nude mice, particularly when stimulated by HGF/SF or fibroblasts. This may occur by decreasing angiogenesis. This gives a clear indication of the therapeutic worth of NK4.