gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Stratum Corneum Exfoliated by Tape Stripping Method (No. 1) (1997)

Stratum corneum collected by the tape stripping shows various appearances in terms of the amount, the thickness and the unevenness. The variations of the stripped states are considered to reflect the states of the outermost stratum corneum as well as the epidermis. Accordingly, the quantitative study of the stripped stratum corneum pattern is considered to enable us to evaluate the skin condition. Therefore, we developed a numerical method with image analysis to study the stripped stratum corneum pattern.In measuring the pattern of the stripped stratum corneum, the light transmission images of the stripped tapes were input into the image analysis system to make the analyzed image. According to intensity and distribution of analyzed image on a gray level, the following five parameters were defined as numeric value; 1. the stripped amount, 2. the thickness of the stripped stratum corneum, 3. the unevenness of the size of the stratified stripped part, 4. the unevenness of the steric position of the stratified stripped part and 5. the unevenness of the distribution of the stripped amount.Each parameter of the stripped stratum corneum patterns showed negative correlations with hydration state as well as water holding capacity, while it showed a positive correlation with transepidermal water loss (TEWL).The numeric method with the image analysis of these stripped stratum corneum was useful for evaluating the effect of humectants.
Visualization of Nonengineered Single mRNAs in Living Cells Using Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Probes (2011)

Single mRNA imaging in live cells is a useful technique to elucidate its precise localization and dynamics. We developed a method for visualizing endogenous mRNAs in living cells with single molecule sensitivity using genetically encoded probes. An RNA-binding protein of human PUMILIO1 (PUM-HD) was used for recognizing base sequences of a target mRNA, β-actin mRNA. Two PUM-HDs were modified by amino acid mutations to bind specifically to tandem 8-base sequences of the target mRNA. Because each PUM-HD was connected with amino- and carboxyl-terminal fragments of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), the probes emit fluorescence by reconstitution of EGFP fragments upon binding to β-actin mRNAs. The EGFP reconstituted on the mRNAs was monitored with a total internal reflection fluorescence microscope. Results show that each fluorescent spot in live cells represented a single β-actin mRNA and that distinct spatial and temporal movement of the individual β-actin mRNAs was visualized. We also estimated the average velocity of the movement of the single mRNAs along microtubules in live cells. This method is widely applicable to tracking various mRNAs of interest in the native state of living cells with single-mRNA sensitivity.
Determining the Role of Long-Term Hormone Therapy After Menopause in the Context of Primary Preventive Health Care for Women (1996)

The purpose of this overview is to clarify the potential role of longterm hormone replacement therapy (LTHRT) in the overall context of women's health care. Accordingly, rather than discuss actual risk/benefit, this presentation is focused on reviewing background demographics, the role of women in society, the more serious diseases with which they may be afflicted and act as cause of death, the accurate definition of menopause and its natural history, current approaches to health care delivery, and conflicting and confounding factors in determining outcome to specific interventions such as LTHRT. Dilemmas currently facing women and health care providers are outlined. These include the question of crisis care, preventive care, defining the risk/benefit of LTHRT, determining the cost effectiveness of such therapies and ranking of therapeutic modalities, and delivering the "best" health care in a challenging health care environment. The challenge to be met is clearly refinement and clarification of individual risk/benefit to LTHRT, utilizing the current knowledge to the best advantage while encouraging, completing, and incorporating outcomes of new research including randomized trials. Further challenges include refining standards and protocols for practice and addressing the needs for professional and public education. A comprehensive understanding of the social, economic, cultural, physical, and medical background of the perimenopausal woman is essential in any consideration of risk/benefit analysis of LTHRT.
Linear-feedback shift register seed determination for memory-constrained embedded systems (2017)

In many applications of binary Linear-Feedback Shift Registers (LFSR) the devices must be configured so that its periodic output sequence starts at given initial phase. Since the sequence of states followed by the generator along its working cycle is pseudo-random there are no analytic procedures that can be used to perform the necessary phase-to-state conversion. Real-time applications often resort to precalculated look-up tables that map phase values to initial generator states. This is very efficient in terms of computational cost but may require large amounts of memory for the look-up table if the period of the LFSR output sequence is long. In this paper we propose a novel strategy that greatly reduces the amount of precalculated data that is required to perform the mapping for a given LFSR width. This comes at the expense of an increase in the computational cost of the operation, but still within reasonable bounds. This solution may turn out to be an enabler for memory-constrained systems where computing resources are available.
Empirical Evidence on Jurisdictions that Adopt IFRS (2006)

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have recently been adopted in a number of jurisdictions, including the European Union. Despite the importance of IFRS in the context of global accounting standards harmonization, little is known regarding what institutional factors influence countries' decisions to voluntarily adopt IFRS. This issue is relevant to standard-setters because a better understanding of the motivations for adoption will enable them to promote IFRS more effectively to countries that currently do not employ IFRS. Consistent with bonding theory, we find that countries with weaker investor protection mechanisms are more likely to adopt IFRS. Our evidence also shows that jurisdictions that are perceived to provide better access to their domestic capital markets are more likely to adopt IFRS. Taken together, our results are consistent with the view that IFRS represent a vehicle through which countries can improve investor protection and make their capital markets more accessible to foreign investors.
The Importance of Human Cochlear Anatomy for the Results of Modiolus-Hugging Multichannel Cochlear Implants (2001)

The clinical success of cochlear implantation in humans and the favorable results with modiolus-hugging devices depend on the anatomy of the human cochlea.
Tri-Mode Independent-Gate FinFETs for Dynamic Voltage/Frequency Scalable 6T SRAMs (2011)

In this paper, we present tri-mode independent-gate (IG) FinFETs for dynamic voltage/frequency scalable 6T SRAMs. The proposed design exploits the fact that the spacer patterning technology, used for FinFET fabrication, offers the same device footprint for two- and one-fin transistors. The access transistor is designed for operation in three on-state modes achieving simultaneous increase in the read stability and write-ability and enabling appropriate tradeoffs between read stability and access time depending on the frequency requirements. The proposed design achieves 40%-48% higher weak-write test voltage and 2%-34% lower cell write time across a range of voltages compared with a conventional FinFET-based 6T SRAM under iso-leakage. During the read operation at high workload conditions ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> = 0.7 V), 8% improvement in read static noise margin (SNM) is achieved with only 7% access time penalty. During the read operation at low workload conditions, 54%-75% improvement in the read SNM enables low voltage operation under process variations. The proposed IG FinFET SRAM achieves 125-136 mV lower <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MIN</sub> across different global process corners at the cost of 15-mV higher retention <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MIN</sub> . Iso-leakage comparison of the proposed technique with the previously proposed IG FinFET 6T SRAM is also performed. An increase in the cell area by 35% is observed compared to the minimum-sized conventional FinFET SRAM. However, there is no cell area penalty compared to the previously proposed IG FinFET SRAM.
Low temperature sintering of Y<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>with glass addition (2010)

Two kinds of glass (LiBZn and BaBSi) were used as sintering flux to lower the sintering temperature of Y3Fe5O12 (YIG). The X-ray powder diffraction patterns confirm the coexistence of the two phases. The dielectric and magnetic properties were also reported. The results show that as the addition of LiBZn glass is 8 wt-%, the YIG can be sintered at 1100°C, which is lower than the sintering temperature (1350°C) of pure YIG. The YIG with 8 wt-%LiBZn glass, possessing high and equal permittivity, permeability, high cut-off frequency and very low dielectric loss, can be used to fabricate miniature filter and antenna, electromagnetic interference devices, and so on.
A description for computed tomography based on sinusoidal curves (2003)

A new description for computed tomography, parallel and equal to Radon transformation but based on sinusoidal functions rather than line integrals, is introduced. This representation contributes an effective algorithm to reduce metal artefacts in reconstruction. Using this method, the information included in the scan data corresponding to the metal implants can be separated from the original projection, an amending method rather than interpolation is therefore provided to reach higher accuracy for reconstruction. The method is with low complexity in computation, and can be combined online with filtered backprojection (FBP), which is the most widely used algorithm in practice, to improve the quality of the reconstructed image. Also, the method has the potential to deal with the artefacts caused by beam hardening and partial volume, and to be developed into a straight reconstruction algorithm based on the sinusoidal representation. Examples are presented for clearer description and demonstration.
Performance of coherent detection and RAKE for DS-CDMA uplink channels (2002)

This paper estimates the cell capacity of a cellular DS-CDMA mobile radio system that uses coherent detection, RAKE, diversity and forward error correction (FEC). Coherent detection reduces the required E/sub b//N/sub 0/ (bit energy to noise density power ratio). The performance of two coherent detection schemes and differential detection is compared. One of the coherent detection method uses the pilot symbols transmitted through another channel via a different spreading code, and the other uses the pilot symbols embedded periodically in the same channel as the data symbols. This paper shows that coherent detection offers a 50% higher capacity than differential detection, furthermore, by employing diversity, the cell capacity is doubled from that of 1 branch, and by RAKE combining, a 10% higher cell capacity can be achieved.
Varicella-zoster virus IE63 protein represses the basal transcription machinery by disorganizing the pre-initiation complex (2005)

Using transient transfection assays, regulation properties of varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-encoded IE63 protein were analyzed on several VZV immediate early (ORF4), early (ORF28) and late (ORF67) promoters. IE63 was shown to repress the basal activity of most of the promoters tested in epithelial (Vero) and neuronal (ND7) cells to various extents. Trans-repressing activities were also observed on heterologous viral and cellular promoters. Since a construct carrying only a TATA box sequence and a series of wild-type or mutated interleukin (IL)-8 promoters was also repressed by IE63, the role of upstream regulatory elements was ruled out. Importantly, the basal activity of a TATA-less promoter was not affected by IE63. Using a series of IE63 deletion constructs, amino acids 151-213 were shown to be essential to the trans-repressing activity in Vero cells, while in ND7 cells the essential region extended to a much larger carboxy-terminal part of the protein. We also demonstrate that IE63 is capable of disrupting the transcriptional pre-initiation complex and of interacting with several general transcription factors. The central and carboxy-terminal domains of IE63 are important for these effects. Altogether, these results demonstrate that IE63 protein is a transcriptional repressor whose activity is directed towards general transcription factors.
Verification of persons via face and signature analysis (2002)

This article proposes a new approach for verification of people. The model consists of two parts: face and signature analysis. For face information processing morphological filtering is used to enhance the intrinsic features of a face, reduce the influence of rotation in depth, changes in facial expression, hair style, glasses and lighting conditions. The filtered images are then a subject for learning by a modified high order neural network. In signature analysis the model first traces the signature to extract the dynamical information that is usually lost in an off-line mode. After this step a neural network (neocognitron with switching attention) is used to recognize and finally verify the signature. These two parts can work independently and finally their outputs can be used to form a complex person verifier.
Characterization of Liposomes Containing Iodine-125-Labeled Radiographic Contrast Agents (1987)

Multilamellar liposomes were prepared containing either iodine-125-labeled (125I) diatrizoate or 125-I labeled iotrol in their aqueous phase. The in vitro permeabilities of liposomes containing both contrast agents were measured in the presence of saline and serum at 37 degrees C. Two different phospholipid compositions were studied: phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/stearylamine (PC/C/S, 8: 1:1 molar ratio) and distearoylphosphatidylcholine/sphingomyelin (DSPC/SM, 5:2 mole ratio). In saline, similar permeabilities were observed for the four phospholipid-contrast agent combinations. In serum, however, leakage of 125I activity was 2 to 3 times greater from PC/C/S liposomes than from vesicles composed of DSPC/SM. When PC/C/S liposomes that contained 125I-diatrizoate were injected into rats, the clearance half-times for 125I activity from the liver, spleen, and whole body were 4.4 hours, 4.5 hours, and 2.8 hours, respectively. Liposomes composed of DSPC/SM cleared at a significantly slower rate from the liver, spleen, and whole body with half-times of 24.0 hours, 18.4 hours, and 17.2 hours observed from these tissues, respectively.
Isolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides from the .alpha.1(II) chain of chick cartilage collagen (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsolation and characterization of the cyanogen bromide peptides from the .alpha.1(II) chain of chick cartilage collagenEdward J. MillerCite this: Biochemistry 1971, 10, 16, 3030–3035Publication Date (Print):August 3, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 3 August 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00792a007https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00792a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views127Altmetric-Citations114LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ten-Year NEDO BVAD Development Program: Moving Forward to the Clinical Arena (2006)

Since 1995, the Baylor Group has been developing a totally implantable NEDO BVAD system. This 10-year program was completed in March 2005, and preparation for clinical trials is underway. This article summarizes the entire 10-year NEDO program and describes the strategy for clinical trials. The project aimed to achieve: (1) dual centrifugal pumps with the ability of full biventricular support, (2) a compact system implantable into small adults, (3) a totally implantable system with transcutaneous energy transmission system (TETS), (4) a durable system with a lifetime of over 5 years, and (5) a system free of thrombus and with minimal hemolysis. The final goals are to complete preclinical system evaluations and commence the clinical trials in the near future. In vitro studies have demonstrated a pump capacity of over 8.5 l/min and an Index of Hemolysis of <0.004 g/100 l. The pump-bearing life expectancy was over 5 years. To date, eight pumps endured in vivo studies of over 3 months without complications, including thromboembolic events. The in vitro endurance studies of eight pumps are longer than 1 year. There were no mechanical malfunctions or pump failure. A stepwise clinical trial is being planned: Step1, a wearable BVAD/VAD will be clinically studied; Step 2, the BVAD/VAD will be implanted intracorporeally without TETS; and, Step 3, a totally implantable system will be clinically evaluated. The NEDO BVAD system has completed preclinical testing. Clinical trial preparation is underway.
The prevention and treatment of cognitive decline and dementia: An overview of recent research on experimental treatments (2009)

The prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment in the elderly has assumed increasing importance in an aging population. This article presents a qualitative review of recent research on experimental interventions for the prevention and treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in elderly subjects. Interventions addressed range from lifestyle measures to pharmacological treatments. Epidemiological studies suggest that dietary measures, physical exercise, and mental activity may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in elderly subjects. Statins may protect against incident dementia, and lithium may convey similar benefits to bipolar patients. Ginkgo appears ineffective as a primary preventive measure. Donepezil but not Vitamin E may benefit persons with mild cognitive impairment. Experimental treatments potentially useful for Alzheimer's disease include dimebon, PBT2 and etanercept; the safety and efficacy of the Alzheimer's vaccine remains to be proven, and growth hormone secretagogue and tarenflurbil are likely ineffective. Herbal treatments merit study in elderly subjects with cognitive syndromes.
PVdF-Based Membranes for DMFC Applications (2003)

This paper reports the synthesis and the properties of microporous, ceramic-added, composite poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVdF)-based proton conducting membranes for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The favorable characteristics of these membranes are an high and stable conductivity, a proton transport mechanism not critically related to the water content, the low cost, and the low methanol crossover. Tests in a methanol-air laboratory cell demonstrate the applicability of these membranes in DMFCs. (C) 2003 The Electrochemical Society.
Ischemia-reperfusion induces renal tubule pyroptosis via the CHOP-caspase-11 pathway (2013)

The apoptotic or necrotic death of renal tubule epithelial cells is the main pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death pathway that depends on the activation of the caspase cascade and IL-1 cytokine family members. However, the role of pyroptosis in AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion remains unclear. In this study, we found that the levels of the pyroptosis-related proteins, including caspase-1, caspase-11, and IL-1β, were significantly increased after 6 h of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and peaked at 12 h after IRI. Enhanced pyroptosis was accompanied by elevated renal structural and functional injury. Similarly, hypoxia-reoxygenation injury (HRI) also induced pyroptosis in renal tubule epithelial NRK-52E cells, which was characterized by increased pore formation and elevated lactate dehydrogenase release. In addition, obvious upregulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress biomarkers glucose-regulated protein 78 and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) preceded the incidence of pyroptosis in cells treated with IRI or HRI. Pretreatment with a low dose of tunicamycin, an inducer of ER stress, relieved IRI-induced pyroptosis and renal tissue injury. Silencing of CHOP by small interfering RNA significantly decreased HRI-induced pyroptosis of NRK-52E cells, as evidenced by reduced caspase-11 activity and IL-1β generation. Therefore, we conclude that pyroptosis of renal tubule epithelial cells is a key event during IRI and that CHOP-caspase-11 triggered by overactivated ER stress may be an essential pathway involved in pyroptosis.