gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NON INAVSIVE BIOSENSOR FOR DIABETES MONITORING (2014)

Objective - A method and apparatus to detect blood glucose non invasively by measuring the vapor  exhaled by humans, which  usually consisting of  numerous volatile organic compounds ( e.g . acetone, ethanol, isoprene) generated in the liver, mainly from the oxidation of fatty acids, which further are exported to peripheral tissues. Method- The proposed measurement system is based on the concentration of the gases present in exhaled breath Detection is completely non-invasive and non-contact type based on metal oxide gas sensors. The developed device will provide non-invasive diagnosis, monitoring of pathological processes and assessment of pharmacological response. Results - The proposed method could perfectly detect traces of Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s), when introduced with the fraction of milliliter of gas (sample) Conclusion- The present sensor grid is suitable to produce results on  some fraction of milliliter quantity of gas. Such compound when detected for the case of diabetes and asthma will indicate the presence of disease. Since we didn’t had any opportunity to conduct a test on human being. It is presumed that the system will work satisfactorily for detection of such diseases in non-invasive manner. Key words: Volatile organic compound, Diabetes, Metal oxide biosensors, Non-invasive Sensors, Diagnosis, Pharmacological respons
Potential Usefulness of Similar Images in the Differential Diagnosis of Clustered Microcalcifications on Mammograms (2009)

The presentation of similar images can improve radiologists' performance in the differential diagnosis of clustered microcalcifications on mammograms.
N-cadherin-mediated intercellular interactions promote survival and migration of melanoma cells. (2001)

During melanoma development, loss of functional E-cadherin accompanies gain of expression of N-cadherin. The present study was carried out to investigate the functional significance of N-cadherin in melanoma cells. N-Cadherin mediated homotypic aggregation among melanoma cells as well as heterotypic adhesion of melanoma cells to dermal fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells. Blocking of N-cadherin-mediated intercellular interaction by N-cadherin-specific antibodies increased the number of cells undergoing apoptosis. N-Cadherin-mediated cell adhesion-activated antiapoptotic protein Akt/PKB and subsequently increased beta-catenin and inactivated the proapoptotic factor BAD: Furthermore, N-cadherin promoted migration of melanocytic cells over dermal fibroblasts, suggesting that N-cadherin may also play a role in metastasis. Together, these results indicate that the cadherin subtype switching from E- to N-cadherin during melanoma development not only frees melanocytic cells from the control by keratinocytes but also provides growth and possibly metastatic advantages to melanoma cells.
Funktionalistische Wissenschaftssoziologie (1984)

Aus den vorhergehenden Kapiteln läßt sich ersehen, daß sowohl die internalistische wissenschaftshistorische Betrachtung, die Wissenschaftsfortschritt als eine Sache der Kumulation wissenschaftlicher Kenntnisse versteht, als auch die wissenschaftsphilosophische Konzeption einer sich über den Falsifikationsmechanismus entwickelnden Wissenschaft, einer soziologischen Betrachtungsweise entbehren, eine solche überhaupt nicht zulassen bzw. der Soziologie die Aufgabe absprechen, den Wissenschaftsfortschritt auf der Ebene von Theorie und Methode zu thematisieren. Welcher Art die Fragen sind, die eine Wissen- schaftssoziologie bearbeiten kann, wenn sie obige Vorstellung akzeptiert, soll paradigmatisch an Merton gezeigt werden.
A fast eavesdropping attack against touchscreens (2011)

The pervasiveness of mobile devices increases the risk of exposing sensitive information on the go. In this paper, we arise this concern by presenting an automatic attack against modern touchscreen keyboards. We demonstrate the attack against the Apple iPhone - 2010's most popular touchscreen device - although it can be adapted to other devices (e.g., Android) that employ similar key-magnifying keyboards. Our attack processes the stream of frames from a video camera (e.g., surveillance or portable camera) and recognizes keystrokes online, in a fraction of the time needed to perform the same task by direct observation or offline analysis of a recorded video, which can be unfeasible for large amount of data. Our attack detects, tracks, and rectifies the target touchscreen, thus following the device or camera's movements and eliminating possible perspective distortions and rotations In real-world settings, our attack can automatically recognize up to 97.07 percent of the keystrokes (91.03 on average), with 1.15 percent of errors (3.16 on average) at a speed ranging from 37 to 51 keystrokes per minute.
Onset of the antidepressant effect of ECT (1994)

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Rat Nucleolar 7-2 RNA Is Homologous to Mouse Mitochondrial RNase Mitochondrial RNA-processing RNA (1989)

7-2 RNA (also termed RNA M and 7SM RNA) is a noncapped small RNA present in small ribonucleoprotein particles; these particles are present in the granular compartment of the nucleolus. Some sera from patients with scleroderma specifically immunoprecipitate 7-2 RNA-containing particles (Hashimoto, C., and Steitz, J. A. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 1379-1382; Reddy, R., Tan, E. M., Henning, D., Nohga, K., and Busch, H. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 1383-1386; Reimer, G., Raska, I., Scheer, U., and Tan, E.M. (1988) Exp. Cell Res. 176, 117-128). In this study, the primary sequence of Novikoff hepatoma 7-2 RNA was determined and a possible secondary structure is presented. The Novikoff hepatoma 7-2 RNA is 94% homologous to the recently described mouse mitochondrial RNase MRP RNA, suggesting that Novikoff hepatoma 7-2 RNA may be the homologue of mouse MRP RNA. The presence of 7-2 RNA in nucleoli and in mitochondria suggests that 7-2 ribonucleoproteins, in addition to being essential components of mitochondrial RNase, may also be functional in nucleolar RNA processing and ribosome biogenesis.
Oxyd‐Systeme mit interessanten elektrischen und magnetischen Eigenschaften (1954)

Abstract Es wird über oxydische Mehrkomponentensysteme aus der ersten Übergangsreihe des Periodensystems berichtet. Es handelt sich um Sinterkörper mit Kochsalzgitter, Hämatitgitter, bzw. Spinellgitter. Die neu entwickelten keramischen Werkstoffe sind einerseits als Halbleiter für Spezialwiderstände, andererseits auf Grund ihrer magnetischen Eigenschaften technisch wichtig.
Differential localization of villin and fimbrin during development of the mouse visceral endoderm and intestinal epithelium (1989)

The apical surface of transporting epithelia is specially modified to absorb nutrients efficiently by amplifying its surface area as microvilli. Each microvillus is supported by an underlying core of bundled actin filaments. Villin and fimbrin are two actin-binding proteins that bundle actin filaments in the intestine and kidney brush border epithelium. To better understand their function in the assembly of the cytoskeleton during epithelial differentiation, we examined the pattern of villin and fimbrin expression in the developing mouse using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Villin is first detected at day 5 in the primitive endoderm of the postimplantation embryo and is later restricted to the visceral endoderm. By day 8.5, villin becomes redistributed to the apical surface in the visceral endoderm, appearing in the gut at day 10 and concentrating in the apical cytoplasm of the differentiating intestinal epithelium 2-3 days later. In contrast, fimbrin is found in the oocyte and in all tissues of the early embryo. In both the visceral endoderm and gut epithelium, fimbrin concentrates at the apical surface 2-3 days after villin; this redistribution occurs when the visceral endoderm microvilli first contain organized microfilament bundles and when microvilli first begin to appear in the gut. These results suggest a common mechanism of assembly of the absorptive surface of two different tissues in the embryo and identify villin as a useful marker for the visceral endoderm.
[Rosacea: histopathologic study of 75 cases]. (1988)

Few histological studies have been devoted to rosacea, a common but ill-defined disease. We have examined histological sections obtained from 75 patients (41 men aged from 23 to 72 years and 34 women aged from 32 to 68 years), thereby confirming the diagnosis of rosacea. On average, 4 sections from each patient were examined. Blocks from cases with granuloma were serially sectioned in search of remains of hair follicles, degenerated collagen fibres and Demodex folliculorum. Elastotic degeneration, vasodilatation and the number of hair follicles were evaluated; the nature and disposition of inflammatory infiltrates were determined, and the presence of D. folliculorum was looked for. Elastotic degeneration, varying degrees of vasodilatation and inflammatory infiltrates were found in all patients. The infiltrates were predominantly lympho-histiocytic in 62 cases, neutrophilic around skin appendages in 6 cases, tuberculoid unrelated to appendages in 4 cases and tuberculoid surrounding follicle-related necrosis in 3 cases. The number and appearance of hair follicles seemed to be those normally observed in the regions where our specimens were taken. On the basis of histological, immunological and therapeutic arguments, it has been postulated that D. folliculorum was involved in the pathogenesis of rosacea, notably in its granulomatous form. In particular, several cases of granuloma containing the acarid in its core have been reported. However, the significance of such findings remains uncertain. D. folliculorum might induce the formation of a granuloma, but it is also possible that granulomas are consecutive to the destruction and resorption of hair follicles, the mite being "digested" more slowly than the epithelial structures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
CHARACTERISTICS OF FILTER-AIDS (1989)

Effective bed voidage is a reliable characteristic of filter-aids, both kieselguhrs and perlites. When combined with the evidence of electronmicrographs, it gives excellent correlation between filtration theory and practice. Effective bed voidage is a more reliable characteristic than permeability when comparing different filter materials. A typical effective bed voidage for a bodyfeed grade filter-aid is 37%. This is considerably less than the total voidage, which is a most inappropriate measurement for the assessment of filter-aids, despite it being generally quoted.
Evidence for treatable inborn errors of metabolism in a cohort of 187 Greek patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (2013)

We screened for the presence of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) in 187 children (105 males; 82 females, ages 4-14 years old) who presented with confirmed features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twelve patients (7%) manifested increased 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (3-OH-IVA) excretion in urine, and minor to significant improvement in autistic features was observed in seven patients following supplementation with biotin. Five diagnoses included: Lesch Nyhan syndrome (2), succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) deficiency (2), and phenylketonuria (1) (2.7%). Additional metabolic disturbances suggestive of IEMs included two patients whose increased urine 3-OH-IVA was accompanied by elevated methylcitrate and lactate in sera, and 30 patients that showed abnormal glucose-loading tests. In the latter group, 16/30 patients manifested increased sera beta hydroxybutyrate (b-OH-b) production and 18/30 had a paradoxical increase of sera lactate. Six patients with elevated b-OH-b in sera showed improved autistic features following implementation of a ketogenic diet (KD). Five patients showed decreased serum ketone body production with glucose loading. Twelve of 187 patients demonstrated non-specific MRI pathology, while 25/187 had abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) findings. Finally, family history was positive for 22/187 patients (1st or 2nd degree relative with comparable symptomatology) and consanguinity was documented for 12/187 patients. Our data provide evidence for a new biomarker (3-OH-IVA) and novel treatment approaches in ASD patients. Concise 1 sentence take-home message: Detailed metabolic screening in a Greek cohort of ASD patients revealed biomarkers (urine 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid and serum b-OH-b) in 7% (13/187) of patients for whom biotin supplementation or institution of a KD resulted in mild to significant clinical improvement in autistic features.
Gabapentin in traumatic nerve injury pain: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, multi-center study (2008)

A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over multi-center study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gabapentin in the treatment of neuropathic pain caused by traumatic or postsurgical peripheral nerve injury, using doses up to 2400 mg/day. The study comprised a run-in period of two weeks, two treatment periods of five weeks separated by a three weeks' washout period. The primary efficacy variable was the change in the mean pain intensity score from baseline to the last week of treatment. Other variables included pain relief, health related quality of life (SF-36), interference of sleep by pain, Clinician and Patient Global Impression of Change, and adverse effects. Nine centers randomized a total of 120 patients, 22 of whom withdrew. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatments for the primary outcome efficacy variable. However, gabapentin provided significantly better pain relief (p=0.015) compared with placebo. More patients had at least a 30% pain reduction with gabapentin compared with placebo (p=0.040) and pain interfered significantly less with sleep during gabapentin treatment compared with placebo (p=0.0016). Both the Patient (p=0.023) and Clinician (p=0.037) Global Impression of Change indicated a better response with gabapentin compared with placebo. Gabapentin was well tolerated. The most common adverse effects were dizziness and tiredness.
Screening of Antibiotic Susceptibility to β-Lactam-Induced Elongation of Gram-Negative Bacteria Based on Dielectrophoresis (2012)

We demonstrate a rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) based on the changes in dielectrophoretic (DEP) behaviors related to the β-lactam-induced elongation of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) on a quadruple electrode array (QEA). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) can be determined within 2 h by observing the changes in the positive-DEP frequency (pdf) and cell length of GNB under the cefazolin (CEZ) treatment. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and the CEZ are used as the sample bacteria and antibiotic respectively. The bacteria became filamentous due to the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and cell division and cell lysis occurred for the higher antibiotic dose. According to the results, the pdfs of wild type bacteria decrease to hundreds of kHz and the cell length is more than 10 μm when the bacterial growth is inhibited by the CEZ treatment. In addition, the growth of wild type bacteria and drug resistant bacteria differ significantly. There is an obvious decrease in the number of wild type bacteria but not in the number of drug resistant bacteria. Thus, the drug resistance of GNB to β-lactam antibiotics can be rapidly assessed. Furthermore, the MIC determined using dielectrophoresis-based AST (d-AST) was consistent with the results of the broth dilution method. Utilizing this approach could reduce the time needed for bacteria growth from days to hours, help physicians to administer appropriate antibiotic dosages, and reduce the possibility of the occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria.
Allele-specific genome editing using CRISPR–Cas9 is associated with loss of heterozygosity in diploid yeast (2018)

Targeted DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) with CRISPR-Cas9 have revolutionized genetic modification by enabling efficient genome editing in a broad range of eukaryotic systems. Accurate gene editing is possible with near-perfect efficiency in haploid or (predominantly) homozygous genomes. However, genomes exhibiting polyploidy and/or high degrees of heterozygosity are less amenable to genetic modification. Here, we report an up to 99-fold lower gene editing efficiency when editing individual heterozygous loci in the yeast genome. Moreover, Cas9-mediated introduction of a DSB resulted in large scale loss of heterozygosity affecting DNA regions up to 360 kb and up to 1700 heterozygous nucleotides, due to replacement of sequences on the targeted chromosome by corresponding sequences from its non-targeted homolog. The observed patterns of loss of heterozygosity were consistent with homology directed repair. The extent and frequency of loss of heterozygosity represent a novel mutagenic side-effect of Cas9-mediated genome editing, which would have to be taken into account in eukaryotic gene editing. In addition to contributing to the limited genetic amenability of heterozygous yeasts, Cas9-mediated loss of heterozygosity could be particularly deleterious for human gene therapy, as loss of heterozygous functional copies of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic genes is a known path to cancer.
Determining and reporting purity of organic molecules: why qNMR (2012)

Although NMR has been routinely used to determine/estimate relative number of protons for structure elucidation, it has been rarely used to determine and report the purity of organic compounds. Through this paper, we want to emphasize on routine use of quantitative NMR (qNMR) for this purpose. The results of qNMR can be routinely considered as documentation of purity much like other established methods (HPLC, elemental analysis and differential scanning calorimetry). qNMR is a fast, easy, accurate and non-destructive alternate to speed up the whole analytical process and serves the purpose of both identification and purity determination of compounds using single technique.
Two-dimension localization of passive RFID tags using AOA estimation (2011)

RFID is widely used in electronic identification and tracking. Both identity and location information are important in object tracking applications. Recent techniques in RFID localization generally use active tags and pay attention to RSS (received signal strength). As the signal processing of passive RFID is more complicated, RSS based localization of passive tags has a high error. Note that phase characteristics play an important role in signal propagation. This paper presents a method to locate passive RFID tags by estimating AOA (angle of arrival) using the phase difference. Modelling and experimental results show that AOA estimation by phase difference can be used to locate RFID tags accurately.
Cost-efficient built-in repair analysis for embedded memories with on-chip ECC (2011)

This paper concerns low-cost implementation of built-in repair analysis (BIRA) for embedded memories. As embedded memories become more and more dominant in system-on-chip (SoC) design, it is very crucial to achieve sufficiently high embedded memory yield. Due to the increasing number of diversified embedded memories on chip, external memory testing and redundancy repair analysis become inadequate and the use of BIRA becomes more attractive and even indispensable. The essential challenge of BIRA design is to how to minimize its unnegligible implementation cost without sacrificing the achievable repair rate. The key feature that distinguishes this work from prior work is that, motivated by the fact that almost all the embedded memories use error correction code (ECC) for soft error tolerance, we propose to appropriately leverage such existing built-in error correction capability to enable very low-cost BIRA implementations while maintaining the same and even higher defect repair rate and the same soft error tolerance. With this underlying theme, this paper presents a specific design solution, and its effectiveness and advantages over existing solutions has been successfully demonstrated using computer simulations.
Fabrication and performance of packaged fibre gratings for telecommunications (1995)

Fibre gratings provide a reliable filter for telecommunications at a cost which is lower than any competing technologies. We are now able to produce fibre gratings with very high technical specifications in terms of wavelength characteristics and transmission loss. This paper discusses the performance that may be achieved from fibre gratings and the fabrication routes that are used to achieve components for use in the telecoms industry. Potential applications for fibre gratings are for channel selection in WDM systems, amplifier noise reduction, frequency stabilisation of transmitters, dispersion compensation and link supervision. (5 pages)
HiTi graph model of topographical road maps in navigation systems (2002)

In navigation systems, a primary task is to compute the minimum cost route from the current location to the destination. One of the major problems for navigation systems is that a significant amount of computation time is required to find a minimum cost path when the topographical road map is large. Since navigation systems are real time systems, it is critical that the path be computed while satisfying a time constraint. We propose a new graph model named HiTi (hierarchical multi graph model), for efficiently computing an optimal minimum cost path. Based on HiTi graph model, we propose a new single pair minimum cost path algorithm. We empirically show that our proposed algorithm performs far better than the traditional A* algorithm. Further, we empirically analyze our algorithm by varying both edge cost distribution and hierarchical level number of HiTi graphs.
Transient increase in procollagen propeptides in the CSF after subarachnoid hemorrhage (2000)

Time-dependent changes in CSF concentrations of PICP and PIIINP suggest a transient fibroproliferative reaction in the meninges after SAH. The considerable magnitude and extended time course of the changes make the measurement of PICP and PIIINP practicable for the diagnosis of a fibroproliferative state in patients with recent meningeal disease. Furthermore, the results suggest a role for meningeal fibrosis in the development of late posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.
Kognitive Grenzen der Rationalität (1976)

ZusammenfassungIn den drei vorhergegangenen Kapiteln beschäftigten wir uns mit dem Einfluß von Motivationen und Zielen auf das menschliche Verhalten in Organisationen. Der Inhalt dieser Kapitel bildet eine wesentliche Erweiterung der „klassischen“ Organisationstheorie, welche den Beschäftigten als „Instrument“ ansieht. In diesem und dem folgenden Kapitel wollen wir uns auf andere Eigenschaften der Organisationsmitglieder konzentrieren — auf ihre Eigenschaften als rationale Wesen. Wenn wir am Ende des siebten Kapitels das Studium dieser Eigenschaften und deren Implikationen für die Organisationstheorie abschließen, haben wir damit auch die Hauptaufgaben, die wir uns gesetzt haben, erfüllt: 1. Schrittweise Eliminierung der Scheinwahrheiten der klassischen Beschreibung des Beschäftigten als Instrument. 2. Ersetzung dieser Abstraktion durch eine andere, welche anerkennt, daß Mitglieder von Organisationen Wünsche, Motive und Triebe haben, und daß ihr Wissen und ihre Fähigkeit zum Lernen und Problemlösen begrenzt ist.