gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimized electrode configuration for current-in-plane characterization of magnetic tunnel junction stacks (2016)

The current-in-plane tunneling technique (CIPT) has been a crucial tool in the development of magnetic tunnel junction stacks suitable for magnetic random access memories (MRAM) for more than a decade. The MRAM development has now reached the maturity to make the transition from the R&D phase to the pilot production phase. This will require an improvement in the repeatability of the CIPT metrology technique. Here, we present an analytical model that can be used to simulate numerically the repeatability of a CIPT measurement for an arbitrary MTJ stack prior to any CIPT measurement. The model describes mathematically the main sources of error arising when a micro multi-electrode probe is used to perform a CIPT measurement. The numerically simulated repeatability values obtained on four different MTJ stacks are verified by experimental data and the model is used to optimize the choice of electrodes on a multi-electrode probe to reach up to 36% improvement on the repeatability for the resistance area product and the tunneling magnetoresistance measurement, without any hardware modification.
Multiscaled exploration of coupled folding and binding of an intrinsically disordered molecular recognition element in measles virus nucleoprotein (2013)

Numerous relatively short regions within intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as molecular recognition elements (MoREs). They fold into ordered structures upon binding to their partner molecules. Currently, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of how coupled binding and folding occurs in MoREs. Here, we quantified the unbound ensembles of the α-MoRE within the intrinsically disordered C-terminal domain of the measles virus nucleoprotein. We developed a multiscaled approach by combining a physics-based and an atomic hybrid model to decipher the mechanism by which the α-MoRE interacts with the X domain of the measles virus phosphoprotein. Our multiscaled approach led to remarkable qualitative and quantitative agreements between the theoretical predictions and experimental results (e.g., chemical shifts). We found that the free α-MoRE rapidly interconverts between multiple discrete partially helical conformations and the unfolded state, in accordance with the experimental observations. We quantified the underlying global folding-binding landscape. This leads to a synergistic mechanism in which the recognition event proceeds via (minor) conformational selection, followed by (major) induced folding. We also provided evidence that the α-MoRE is a compact molten globule-like IDP and behaves as a downhill folder in the induced folding process. We further provided a theoretical explanation for the inherent connections between "downhill folding," "molten globule," and "intrinsic disorder" in IDP-related systems. Particularly, we proposed that binding and unbinding of IDPs proceed in a stepwise way through a "kinetic divide-and-conquer" strategy that confers them high specificity without high affinity.
Identification of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Hydrodynamic Model Using the Extended, Cubature, and Transformed Unscented Kalman Filter (2017)

Having an accurate mathematical model is essential in design, control, and navigation process of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). Due to the modeling simplifications, the available mathematical models suffer from the uncertainty of their parameters and they usually need an identification phase for improving the modeling accuracy. In case of AUVs, the hydrodynamic coefficients of the model play an important role and they should be identified using the available experimental data. In this paper, a 6-DoF dynamic model of an AUV is presented and then some of its parameters including viscous damping, the body lift, and control input coefficients that have the highest effects on the modeling error are identified by augmented state model method. The extended Kalman filter (EKF), cubature Kalman filter (CKF), and transformed unscented Kalman filter (TUKF) are used as the estimation filters. To verify and compare the three estimation filters with consideration of the predetermined hydrodynamic coefficients and spiral maneuver AUV results, these three methods are evaluated. The results indicate that the TUKF identifies the best hydrodynamic model due to solving both the CKF nonlocal sampling problem and the EKF linearization problem.
Cu pillars on substrates &#x2014; a low cost alternative for the next generation of Flip Chip packaging technology (2010)

As the stress coupling in organic Flip Chip packages become more critical due to the introduction of brittle materials and continued pitch shrink, various technologies are emerging to manage or reduce thermal mismatch stresses. In this regard pillar bumps on the die side have had a good start as they also address underfill flow at shrunk pitch as well as electromigration during operation. Pillar bumps on the substrate side is a worthy alternative as they can leverage the capabilities of the substrate industry. Pillar bump technologies such as Tessera's μPILR <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">™</sup> use a unique non -plating process to deposit bumps on substrates to create pillar bumps that are intrinsically co - planar, do not require solder on the bond pads and alter the crack initiation sites and propagation path favorably. These μPILR bumps are deposited on stock organic Flip Chip substrates using tools and processes commonly available to the PCB industry. Using build up panels with differing characteristics from three established suppliers of flip chip substrates, a 150 μm pitch version of μPILR technology has been developed at pilot plant level to a yield greater than 70 %. Units assembled with low - k die and substrates using several designs of μPILR interconnects and heat - spreaders have been tested for reliability (TC, EM) with encouraging results.
Infrared lock-in carrierography (photocarrier radiometric imaging) of Si solar cells (2010)

Modulated photocarrier radiometric (PCR) imaging (lock-in carrierography) of multicrystalline (mc) Si solar cells is introduced using a near-infrared (NIR) InGaAs camera and a spread superband gap laser beam as an optoelectronic source at low modulation frequencies (&lt;10 Hz) or point-by-point scanning PCR imaging with a focused laser beam at high (kilohertz) frequencies. PCR images are supplemented by quantitative PCR frequency scans and compared to NIR optical reflectance, modulated electroluminescence (MEL) and modulated photovoltage (MPV) images. Noncontact PCR imaging is controlled by the photoexcited carrier diffusion wave and exhibits very similar images to contacting MEL and MPV. Among these methods it exhibits the highest contrast and sensitivity to mechanical and crystalline defects in the substrate at lock-in image frequencies in the range of the inverse recombination lifetime in the quasineutral region (bulk).
Randomized Phase III Trial of Weekly Compared With Every-3-Weeks Paclitaxel for Metastatic Breast Cancer, With Trastuzumab for all HER-2 Overexpressors and Random Assignment to Trastuzumab or Not in HER-2 Nonoverexpressors: Final Results of Cancer and Leukemia Group B Protocol 9840 (2008)

Weekly paclitaxel is more effective than every-3-weeks administration for MBC. Trastuzumab did not improve efficacy for HER-2 nonoverexpressors. Neurotoxicity is a treatment-limiting toxicity for weekly paclitaxel.
Cardiac myocyte remodeling mediated by N-cadherin-dependent mechanosensing (2011)

Cell-to-cell adhesions are crucial in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of cardiac cells. Little is known about the mechanosensitivity and mechanotransduction of cell-to-cell interactions. Most studies of cardiac mechanotransduction and myofibrillogenesis have focused on cell-extracellular matrix (ECM)-specific interactions. This study assesses the direct role of intercellular adhesion, specifically that of N-cadherin-mediated mechanotransduction, on the morphology and internal organization of neonatal ventricular cardiac myocytes. The results show that cadherin-mediated cell attachments are capable of eliciting a cytoskeletal network response similar to that of integrin-mediated force response and transmission, affecting myofibrillar organization, myocyte shape, and cortical stiffness. Traction forces mediated by N-cadherin were shown to be comparable to those sustained by ECM. The directional changes in predicted traction forces as a function of imposed loads (gel stiffness) provide the added evidence that N-cadherin is a mechanoresponsive adhesion receptor. Strikingly, the mechanical sensitivity response (gain) in terms of the measured cell-spread area as a function of imposed load (adhesive substrate rigidity) was consistently higher for N-cadherin-coated surfaces compared with ECM protein-coated surfaces. In addition, the cytoskeletal architecture of myocytes on an N-cadherin adhesive microenvironment was characteristically different from that on an ECM environment, suggesting that the two mechanotransductive cell adhesion systems may play both independent and complementary roles in myocyte cytoskeletal spatial organization. These results indicate that cell-to-cell-mediated force perception and transmission are involved in the organization and development of cardiac structure and function.
Philo and the Epistle to the Hebrews (1973)

Book Review| September 01 1973 Philo and the Epistle to the Hebrews Philo and the Epistle to the Hebrews, Ronald Williamson. George Howard George Howard Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of Biblical Literature (1973) 92 (3): 464–465. https://doi.org/10.2307/3263599 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation George Howard; Philo and the Epistle to the Hebrews. Journal of Biblical Literature 1 September 1973; 92 (3): 464–465. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/3263599 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveSBL PressJournal of Biblical Literature Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 1973 Society of Biblical Literature1973 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Parsing the WSJ using CCG and log-linear models (2004)

This paper describes and evaluates log-linear parsing models for Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG). A parallel implementation of the L-BFGS optimisation algorithm is described, which runs on a Beowulf cluster allowing the complete Penn Treebank to be used for estimation. We also develop a new efficient parsing algorithm for CCG which maximises expected recall of dependencies. We compare models which use all CCG derivations, including non-standard derivations, with normal-form models. The performances of the two models are comparable and the results are competitive with existing wide-coverage CCG parsers.
Assimilation and Modeling of the Atmospheric Hydrological Cycle in the ECMWF Forecasting System (2005)

Several new types of satellite instrument will provide improved measurements of Earth's hydrological cycle and the humidity of the atmosphere. In an effort to make the best possible use of these data, the modeling and assimilation of humidity, clouds, and precipitation are currently the subjects of a comprehensive research program at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Impacts on weather prediction and climate reanalysis can be expected. The preparations for cloud and rain assimilation within ECMWF's four-dimensional variational data assimilation system include the development of linearized moist physics, the development of fast radiative transfer codes for cloudy and precipitating conditions, and a reformulation of the humidity analysis scheme. Results of model validations against in situ moisture data are presented, indicating generally good agreement—often to within the absolute calibration accuracy of the measurements. Evidence is also presented of shortcomings in ECMWF's humidity analysis, from the operational data assimilation and forecasting system in 2002, and from the recently completed ERA-40 reanalysis project. Examples are shown of biases in the data and in the model that lead to biased humidity analyses. Although these biases are relatively small, they contribute to an overprediction of tropical precipitation and to an overly intense Hadley circulation at the start of the forecast, with rapid adjustments taking place during the first 6–12 h. It is shown that with an improved humidity analysis this long-standing “spindown” problem can be reduced.
Computer Graphics for Quality Assurance (1982)

A computer graphics system expedites the acquisition of reliable data for use in analysis and quality inspection of parts and tools.
Effect of the immunomodulator AS101 on chemotherapy-induced multilineage myelosuppression, thrombocytopenia, and anemia in mice. (1995)

The immunomodulator AS101 has previously been found to induce mouse and human hematopoietic cells to secrete cytokines such as interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). The compound was shown to protect mice from lethal and sublethal effects of chemotherapy and irradiation. AS101 prevented the decrease in the number of bone marrow (BM) and spleen myeloid progenitor cells, and increased the survival of lethally treated mice. In this study, we show a dose-dependent response of AS101 in the induction of high secretion levels of IL-6, IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and stem cell factor (SCF). Since these growth factors are known to induce the proliferation and differentiation of multilineage progenitors, including megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitors, we designed this study to evaluate the role of AS101 in attenuating thrombocytopenia, anemia, and multilineage myelosuppression associated with chemotherapy. We demonstrate that pretreatment of mice with AS101 24 hours before intraperitoneal injection of 250 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CYP) or intravenous injection of 150 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) significantly increased the number of circulating white blood cells (WBC) and platelets. The numbers of both neutrophils and lymphocytes were significantly increased in AS101-treated mice subjected to chemotherapy. In addition, AS101 attenuated erythropenia caused by 5-FU. It could also increase megakaryocyte and erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-MK and CFU-E) in the BM of treated mice severely affected by chemotherapy. We demonstrate that the protective effect of AS101 could be abrogated by treatment with anti-IL-1R or anti-SCF antibodies. We suggest that the endogenous production of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-3, SCF, and GM-CSF in mice treated with AS101 offers protection to circulating blood elements and ameliorates the reconstitution of megakaryocytic and erythroid progenitors. The simultaneous protection by AS101 of multilineage cell compartments is probably due to stimulation by AS101 of a selective subpopulation of primitive stem cells resistant to chemotherapy. On the basis of these studies, phase II clinical trials with patients treated with chemotherapy in combination with AS101 have been initiated.
Cténophores de la Baie d'Amboine (1908)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
A DC to 10-GHz 6-b RF MEMS time delay circuit (2006)

A 6-b radio frequency (RF) microelectromechanical system (MEMS) time-delay circuit operating from dc to 10 GHz with 393.75-ps total time delay is presented. The circuit is fabricated on 250-μm-thick alumina and uses metal contacting RF MEMS switches to realize series-shunt SP4T switching networks. The circuit demonstrates 1.8+/-0.6 dB of loss at 10 GHz and has linear phase response across the entire band with accuracy of better than a least significant bit for most states.
Synthesis of Sparse Arrays With Focused or Shaped Beampattern via Sequential Convex Optimizations (2012)

An iterative procedure for the synthesis of sparse arrays radiating focused or shaped beampattern is presented. The algorithm consists in solving a sequence of weighted l <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> convex optimization problems. The method can thus be readily implemented and efficiently solved. In the optimization procedure, the objective is the minimization of the number of radiating elements and the constraints correspond to the pattern requirements. The method can be applied to synthesize either focused or shaped beampattern and there is no restriction regarding the array geometry and individual element patterns. Numerical comparisons with standard benchmark problems assess the efficiency of the proposed approach, whose computation time is several orders of magnitude below those of so-called global optimization algorithms.
Folate-Linked Lipid-Based Nanoparticles Deliver a NF.KAPPA.B Decoy into Activated Murine Macrophage-Like RAW264.7 Cells (2006)

Activated macrophages are the key effector cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and secrete multiple mediators of inflammation including proinflammatory cytokines. We investigated delivery of a nuclear factor kappa B (NFkappaB) decoy by folate-linked lipid-based nanoparticles (NP-F) into murine macrophages. The expression of folate receptor (FR) in RAW264.7 cells activated by lipopolysaccaride was confirmed by strong expression of FR mRNA, and association of FITC-labeled folate-BSA conjugate. When transfected via NP-F, the NFkappaB decoy was strongly detected in the cytoplasm, and an inhibitory effect on the translocation of NFkappaB into the nucleus was observed at 0.03 microM of the decoy, suggesting that NP-F effectively delivered the NFkappaB decoy into the cytoplasm. This information is of value for the design of NFkappaB decoy carrier systems targeting FR in activated macrophages in gene therapy for autoimmune diseases such as RA.
Suppression of epileptiform activity by high frequency sinusoidal fields in rat hippocampal slices (2001)

1. Sinusoidal high frequency (20-50 Hz) electric fields induced across rat hippocampal slices were found to suppress zero-Ca2+, low-Ca2+, picrotoxin, and high-K+ epileptiform activity for the duration of the stimulus and for up to several minutes following the stimulus. 2. Suppression of spontaneous activity by high frequency stimulation was found to be frequency (< 500 Hz) but not orientation or waveform dependent. 3. Potassium-sensitive microelectrodes showed that block of epileptiform activity was always coincident with a stimulus-induced rise in extracellular potassium concentration during stimulation. Post-stimulus inhibition was always associated with a decrease in extracellular potassium activity below baseline levels. 4. Intracellular recordings and optical imaging with voltage-sensitive dyes showed that during suppression neurons were depolarized yet did not fire action potentials. 5. Direct injection of sinusoidal current into individual pyramidal cells did not result in a tonic depolarization. Injection of large direct current (DC) depolarized neurons and suppressed action potential generation. 6. These findings suggest that high frequency stimulation suppresses epileptiform activity by inducing potassium efflux and depolarization block.
Neuropeptide Y and catecholamine-mediated neuronal transmission in mechanisms of feeding-behaviour induction. (1991)

Intracerebroventricular administration of various doses of neuropeptide Y (NPY) to rats had different effects on their feeding behaviour: the lowest dose (100 ng) decreased food intake, but higher doses (5 micrograms) markedly increased the intake. Prazosin, a selective blocker of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, suppressed the effect induced by 5 micrograms (but not 100 ng) NPY. No such effect was observed with injections of yohimbine or propranolol. The opiate receptor antagonist, naloxone, blocked the feeding behaviour induced by 5 micrograms NPY without having any other effects on the responses induced by 100 ng NPY. The data obtained testify to heterogeneity within the NPY receptors of the central nervous system. It is concluded that the effects of high doses of NPY on feeding behaviour are mediated, at least in part, by alpha 1-adrenergic receptors.
Highly efficient synthesis of a carbacyclin analog. Stereospecific synthesis of aryl-substituted exocyclic olefins (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHighly efficient synthesis of a carbacyclin analog. Stereospecific synthesis of aryl-substituted exocyclic olefinsMikiko. Sodeoka, Shoji. Satoh, and Masakatsu. ShibasakiCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 14, 4823–4824Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00222a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00222a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views291Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts