gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A transforming gene, hst, found in NIH 3T3 cells transformed with DNA from three stomach cancers and a colon cancer. (1987)

DNA samples from 5 out of 15 stomach cancers and from 5 out of 15 colon cancers showed transforming activity in NIH 3T3 cells upon transfection. A transforming gene from an NIH 3T3 transformant induced by transfection of DNA from a stomach cancer was cloned, and showed transforming activity amounting to 120 focus-forming units/micrograms. The transforming gene was identified as hst. The hst gene was also responsible for acquisition of the transforming activity in DNA samples from 2 other stomach cancers and one colon cancer.
Diferric transferrin reductase in the plasma membrane is inhibited by adriamycin. (1987)

Diferric transferrin which is often necessary for growth of cells is reduced by the transplasma membrane electron transport system of HeLa cells with release of ferrous iron outside the cell. Reduction of external diferric transferrin is reflected in oxidation of internal NADH. Adriamycin, an antitumor drug, inhibits diferric transferrin reduction by the HeLa cells and inhibits concomittant oxidation of cytosolic NADH at concentrations, 10(-8)-10(-6)M, which inhibit cell growth. Isolated liver plasma membranes have an NADH diferric transferrin reductase activity which is inhibited by similar adriamycin concentrations. We propose that inhibition of cell growth by adriamycin can be based on inhibition of transplasmalemma diferric transferrin reductase.
The virtual round table - a collaborative augmented multi-user environment (2000)

Existing immersed virtual reality and particularly augmented reality systems are usually based on dedicated and expensive hardware and I/O devices. Nevertheless they often provide limited support for the collaboration between multiple users and can hardly be used for arbitrary location independent application environments. Additionally, navigation and interaction within such virtual environments are not very natural or intuitive, making them difficult to use. This paper will introduce a new collaborative augmented reality environment -the Virtual Round Table . This environment is designed to support location-independent mixed reality applications, overcoming the limitations for collaboration and interaction of existing approaches. Moreover it extends the physical workplace of the users into the virtual environment, while preserving traditional verbal and non-verbal communication and cooperation mechanisms.
Magnetic Moments of Excited States in Nuclei Far from Stability (1986)

Magnetic moments of excited states in nuclei far from stability have been measured by gamma-gamma angular correlation at the output of the fission product separators TRISTAN and JOSEF. The results obtained until now will be reviewed. They provide important nuclear structure information about nuclei around closed shells, and transitional nuclei in the A=100 and 150 regions. 1. Introduction A large variety of nuclei off the line of stability are produced by fission. These are nuclei on the neutron-rich side of the periodic table, most of which can not be reached by any other nuclear reaction. The most interesting nuclei produced in this way can be classified in two groups: a) nuclei around closed shells (i.e. the region of 96Zr, 132Sn, the N=82 isotones); b) nuclei around A=100 and A=150 where rapid transitions from spherical to deformed shapes are known to occur. We will refer to these nuclei as belonging to
Alkaline phosphatase biosynthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum and its transport through the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane: cytochemical evidence. (1983)

Enzyme induction of HeLa cell placental alkaline phosphatase with various agents such as prednisolone, sodium butyrate, hyperosmolality (NaCl), or combination of these inducers resulted in the appearance of enzyme activity in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane. In the Golgi apparatus, intense reaction product deposits tended to be concentrated on its trans side, with small vesicles and granules also being positively stained. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide was followed by the disappearance of enzyme activity from these cytoplasmic organelles but not from the plasma membrane. Treatment with monensin, a secretory protein transport inhibitor, uniformly increased activity in the rough endoplasmic reticulum while causing marked dilatation of the intensely positive Golgi cisternae. These results suggest that intracellular alkaline phosphatase is newly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and then passes en route through the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane. Accordingly, the present system could represent the biosynthesis, transport, and incorporation of the model cell surface enzyme protein to add to the vesicular stomatitus virus glyco-1 (VSV-G) protein and acetylcholine receptor model systems for studying the dynamics of cell surface protein genesis, transport, and membrane integration.
Building multi-device, adaptive thin-client web user interfaces with Extended Java Server Pages (2002)

We describe a new approach to providing adaptable thin client interfaces for web-based systems that allows a developer to specify a web-based interface using a device-independent mark-up language embedded in conventional Java Server Pages. At run-time this single interface description is used to automatically provide an interface for multiple web devices e.g. desk-top HTML and mobile WML-based systems, as well as highlight, hide or disable interface elements depending on the current user and user task. Our approach allows developers to more easily construct and maintain web-based user interfaces than other current approaches while utilising their existing server-side web components. We describe the software architecture of our system, its implementation using Java Server Page custom tag libraries, and an example application of our technique. We report our experiences using the technology to build three web-based applications and the results of two empirical studies of its effectiveness.
Isolation and Expression in <i>Escherichia coli</i> of <i>cslA</i> and <i>cslB</i> , Genes Coding for the Chondroitin Sulfate-Degrading Enzymes Chondroitinase AC and Chondroitinase B, Respectively, from <i>Flavobacterium heparinum</i> (2000)

In medium supplemented with chondroitin sulfate, Flavobacterium heparinum synthesizes and exports two chondroitinases, chondroitinase AC (chondroitin AC lyase; EC 4.2.2.5) and chondroitinase B (chondroitin B lyase; no EC number), into its periplasmic space. Chondroitinase AC preferentially depolymerizes chondroitin sulfates A and C, whereas chondroitinase B degrades only dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). The genes coding for both enzymes were isolated from F. heparinum and designated cslA (chondroitinase AC) and cslB (chondroitinase B). They were found to be separated by 5.5 kb on the chromosome of F. heparinum, transcribed in the same orientation, but not linked to any of the heparinase genes. In addition, the synthesis of both enzymes appeared to be coregulated. The cslA and cslB DNA sequences revealed open reading frames of 2,103 and 1,521 bp coding for peptides of 700 and 506 amino acid residues, respectively. Chondroitinase AC has a signal sequence of 22 residues, while chondroitinase B is composed of 25 residues. The mature forms of chondroitinases AC and B are comprised of 678 and 481 amino acid residues and have calculated molecular masses of 77,169 and 53,563 Da, respectively. Truncated cslA and cslB genes have been used to produce active, mature chondroitinases in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli. Partially purified recombinant chondroitinases AC and B exhibit specific activities similar to those of chondroitinases AC and B from F. heparinum.
<title>Programmable Acousto-Optic Filter-A Device For Multispectral Optical Processing</title> (1980)

The tunable acousto-optic filter has been described principally in terms of its capabilities as a rapid access spectrometer, and work has been reported on its multispectral imaging properties as well. Such filters are well adapted to microcomputer interfacing for control functions and hybrid optical-electronic operation. One of the most significant features of the device is the ability to rapidly scan a large spectral range, for example, the entire visible in less than 100 TJseconds, or to randomly access any of a number of selected wavelengths either singly or simultaneously. Applications have been reported in such fields as astronomical imaging and fiber optic systems, as well as the more conventional spectroscopic applications.
Down-to-the-minute effects of super bowl advertising on online search behavior (2013)

Online consumer data presents new opportunities for measuring the effects of advertising. We combine search query data with the television commercial schedule for the 2011 Super Bowl to measure the causal impact of TV advertising on consumer search behavior. Examining 46 Super Bowl commercials, we generally find large spikes in search behavior related to the advertiser or product within 15 seconds following the conclusion of the TV commercial. We present results for four categories of Super Bowl advertisers: movies, online services, cars, and other consumer goods. We also consider the economic and statistical feasibility of scaling this analysis to use search data to measure the impact of other TV commercials.
Algorithms and Databases (2009)

The capacity of proteomics methods and mass spectrometry instrumentation to generate data has grown substantially over the past years. This data volume growth has in turn led to an increased reliance on software to identify peptide or protein sequences from the recorded mass spectra. Diverse algorithms can be applied for the processing of these data, each performing a specific task such as spectrum quality filtering, spectral clustering and merging, assigning a sequence to a spectrum, and assessing the validity of these assignments. The key algorithms to mass spectral processing pipelines are the ones that assign a sequence to a spectrum. The most commonly used variants of these are crucially dependent on the information contained in the sequences database, which they use as a basis for identification. Since these sequence databases are constructed in different ways and can therefore vary substantially in the amount and type of data they contain, they are also discussed here.
Improving the thermostability of alpha-amylase by combinatorial coevolving-site saturation mutagenesis (2012)

Our method is able to produce more thermostable mutant α-amylases with novel beneficial mutations at new sites. It is also verified that the coevolving sites can be used as the hotspots to construct focused mutant libraries in protein engineering. This study throws new light on the active researches of the molecular coevolution.
Survivable WDM mesh networks. II. Restoration (2003)

This investigation considers optical networks which employ wavelength cross-connects that enable the establishment of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) channels, between node-pairs. In such and other networks, the failure of a network element may cause the failure of several optical channels, thereby leading to large data losses. Ramamurthy and Mukherjee formulated integer linear programs to determine the capacity requirements for different protection schemes for a static traffic demand. In this paper, we formulate a model of protection switching times for the different protection schemes, and propose distributed control protocols for path and link restoration, assuming a fully distributed control network. Based on our assumptions, we find that when the cross connect configuration time is low (/spl les/10 /spl mu/s), the protection schemes in increasing order of average protection-switching times are as follows: (a) shared-link, (b) dedicated-path, and (c) shared-path. When the cross-connect configuration time is high (/spl ges/500 /spl mu/s), the protection schemes in increasing order of average protection-switching times are as follows: (a) dedicated-path, (c) shared-link, and (d) shared-path. Numerical results obtained by simulating the distributed restoration protocols indicate that, for a representative network topology, path restoration has a better restoration efficiency than link restoration, and link restoration has a better restoration time compared to path restoration.
Two-step pathway for isoprenoid synthesis (2018)

Isoprenoids comprise a large class of chemicals of significant interest due to their diverse properties. Biological production of isoprenoids is considered to be the most efficient way for their large-scale production. Isoprenoid biosynthesis has thus far been dependent on pathways inextricably linked to glucose metabolism. These pathways suffer from inherent limitations due to their length, complex regulation, and extensive cofactor requirements. Here, we present a synthetic isoprenoid pathway that aims to overcome these limitations. This isopentenol utilization pathway (IUP) can produce isopentenyl diphosphate or dimethylallyl diphosphate, the main precursors to isoprenoid synthesis, through sequential phosphorylation of isopentenol isomers isoprenol or prenol. After identifying suitable enzymes and constructing the pathway, we attempted to probe the limits of the IUP for producing various isoprenoid downstream products. The IUP flux exceeded the capacity of almost all downstream pathways tested and was competitive with the highest isoprenoid fluxes reported.
Antimicrobial‐Associated Risk Factors for<i>Clostridium difficile</i>Infection (2008)

Antimicrobial therapy plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), presumably through disruption of indigenous intestinal microflora, thereby allowing C. difficile to grow and produce toxin. Investigations involving animal models and studies performed in vitro suggest that inhibitory activity against C. difficile and differences in the propensity to stimulate toxin production may also influence the likelihood that particular drugs may cause CDI. Although nearly all antimicrobial classes have been associated with CDI, clindamycin, third-generation cephalosporins, and penicillins have traditionally been considered to harbor the greatest risk. Recent studies have also implicated fluoroquinolones as high-risk agents, a finding that is most likely to be related in part to increasing fluoroquinolone resistance among epidemic strains (i.e., restriction-endonuclease analysis group BI/North American PFGE type 1 strains) and some nonepidemic strains of C. difficile. Restrictions in the use of clindamycin and third-generation cephalosporins have been associated with reductions in CDI. Because use of any antimicrobial has the potential to induce the onset of CDI and disease caused by other health care-associated pathogens, antimicrobial stewardship programs that promote judicious use of antimicrobials are encouraged in concert with environmental and infection control-related efforts.
Ranking Function Discovery by Genetic Programming for Robust Retrieval. (2003)

Ranking functions are instrumental for the success of an information retrieval (search engine) system. However nearly all existing ranking functions are manually designed based on experience, observations and probabilistic theories. This paper tested a novel ranking function discovery technique proposed in [Fan 2003a, Fan2003b] – ARRANGER (Automatic geneRation of RANking functions by GEnetic pRogramming), which uses Genetic Programming (GP) to automatically learn the “best ” ranking function, for the robust retrieval task. Ranking function discovery is essentially an optimization problem. As the search space here is not a coordinate system, most of the traditional optimization algorithms could not work. However, this ranking discovery problem could be easily tackled by ARRANGER. In our evaluations on 150 queries from the ad-hoc track of TREC 6, 7, and 8, the performance of our system (in average precision) was improved by nearly 16%, after replacing Okapi BM25 function with a function automatically discovered by ARRANGER. By applying pseudo-relevance feedback and ranking fusion on newly discovered functions, we improved the retrieval performance by up to 30%. The results of our experiments showed that our ranking function discovery technique – ARRANGER – is very effective in discovering high-performing ranking functions. 1.
Tattoo removal using a liquid nitrogen cryospray (1984)

Fifteen patients with relatively small self‐induced tattoos on the forearm or fingers were treated with liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy. Eleven patients had cither a satisfactory or good result and four showed little change.
A Weak-Randomizer Attack on RSA-OAEP with e = 3. (2005)

Coppersmith&apos;s heuristic algorithm for finding small roots of bivariate modular equations can be applied against low-exponent RSA-OAEP if its randomizer is weak. An adversary that knows the randomizer can recover the entire plaintext message, provided it is short enough for Coppersmith&apos;s algorithm to work. In practice, messages are symmetric cipher keys and these are potentially short enough for certain sets of key sizes. Weak randomizers could arise in constrained smart cards or in kleptographic implementations. Because RSA&apos;s major use is transporting symmetric keys, this attack is a potential concern. In this respect, OAEP&apos;s design is more fragile than necessary, because a secure randomizer is critical to prevent a total loss of secrecy, not just a loss of semantic security or chosen-ciphertext security. Countermeasures and more robust designs that have little extra performance cost are proposed and discussed.
Intrinsic device-to-device variation in graphene field-effect transistors on a Si/SiO2 substrate as a platform for discriminative gas sensing (2014)

Arrays of nearly identical graphene devices on Si/SiO2 exhibit a substantial device-to-device variation, even in case of a high-quality chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or mechanically exfoliated graphene. We propose that such device-to-device variation could provide a platform for highly selective multisensor electronic olfactory systems. We fabricated a multielectrode array of CVD graphene devices on a Si/SiO2 substrate and demonstrated that the diversity of these devices is sufficient to reliably discriminate different short-chain alcohols: methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. The diversity of graphene devices on Si/SiO2 could possibly be used to construct similar multisensor systems trained to recognize other analytes as well.
Four distinct types of dehydration stress memory genes in Arabidopsis thaliana (2013)

The results reveal the unknown, hitherto, existence of four distinct transcription memory response types in a plant and provide genome-wide characterization of memory and non-memory dehydration stress response genes in A.thaliana. The transcriptional responses during repeated exposures to stress are different from known responses occurring during a single exposure. GO analyses of encoded proteins suggested implications for the cellular/organismal protective, adaptive, and survival functions encoded by the memory genes. The results add a new dimension to our understanding of plants' responses to dehydration stress and to current models for interactions between different signaling systems when adjusting to repeated spells of water deficits.
Blockchain Covid 19 Tracker for Educational Institutions (2021)

The current COVID-19 pandemic has changed our lives in unimaginable ways. It has brought forth the need to know our location, the people we’ve been in contact with, and other details like our body temperature and more to contain the spread of this virus. This information is even more vital when it comes to students, as their return to school increases their exposure level. There are quite a few existing systems that must be integrated to solve this problem. Currently, we have in use thermal sensors to record people’s temperatures by scanning, we have card readers in buses to confirm the student’s presence, and we have online portals where teachers can log a student’s attendance for each class. Using blockchain, we can incorporate these systems to create an effective, transparent COVID-19 tracker. In this paper, we discuss a new blockchain-based tracking system that ensures transparency between the student, school and government to prevent the spread of the virus and help in contact tracing. We facilitate the integration of the above-mentioned systems using blockchain and school national ID cards.
Synthesis and Characterization of Capillary Columns Coated with Glycoside-Bearing Polymer (1996)

Fused silica capillary columns were coated with a polymer obtained by radical polymerization of a novel acrylamido derivative, [(N-acryloylamino)ethoxy]ethyl-β-d-glucopyranose (AEG). This monomer, bearing a monosaccharide residue, was synthesized by direct coupling of [(N-acryloylamino)ethoxy]ethanol with glucose. The aim of this work was to demonstrate that weak, reversible interactions that take place between wall polymer coatings and protein analytes lead to poor reproducibility of transit times and capillary performance degradation. The pronounced hydrophilicity of the new poly(AEG) phase improves the reproducibility of transit times and the peak efficiency, as demonstrated by a complete series of tests carried out at various pH values.
Search for physiological role of polyamines by inhibitors of biosynthesis. (1990)

ポリアミンはそのコンホメーションを自由に変えることで,種々の生体高分子に作用して,それらの機能に影響を与え,細胞増殖や分化など基本的な細胞機能を補助するために重要な役割を演じているだろう.しかし,ポリアミンが,どこで,どのような作用をしているのか,その詳細は不明である.ポリアミンの生合成阻害剤は,そのようなポリアミンの役割を少しずつ明らかにしつつ,その生理的な重要性に新しい視点を加えている.
Laser-induced fluorescence detector with a fiber-coupled micro GRIN lens for capillary electrophoresis (2020)

Capillary electrophoresis coupled with sheath-flow laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection has been shown to offer outstanding sensitivity for chemical and biochemical analysis. However, a major drawback remains with the complexity of the optical configuration traditionally employed. Here we present a simplified confocal optics based on fiber optics and micro gradient-index (GRIN) lenses for modular optical design in capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence. We demonstrate the use of the optical system with a sheath-flow cuvette as the laser-induced fluorescence detector for capillary electrophoresis. The system's performance was established with concentration detection limits of 8±2<i>p</i><i>M</i> and mass detection limits of 57 zeptomole for a standard sodium fluorescein sample.
Pointing grade fiber optic gyroscope (1994)

Fiber optic gyroscopes (FOG) are solid-state rotation sensors that are appropriate for a wide variety of applications. In addition to becoming competitive with ring laser gyroscopes on new programs, FOGs are being manufactured to replace spinning wheel gyro technology in existing programs. The FOG brings with it the advantages of long life, high reliability, input axis stability, and low acceleration sensitivity. The AlliedSignal pointing grade fiber gyroscope was designed to replace a high-performance mechanical gyroscope currently made by AlliedSignal. Detailed passive thermal design, gyro assembly techniques, methods for rejecting light source intensity noise, and light source wavelength control are critical features that have been developed to produce a FOG with low noise, stable bias, and a stable and linear scale factor. Results of performance tests and error models indicate that these gyros have a capability for random walk of 0.0002 degrees//spl ne/ hour and bias stability of 0.001 degrees/hour.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>