gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Wideband Millimeter-Wave Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity-Backed Rectangular Patch Antenna (2014)

In this letter, a new type of wideband substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch antenna and array for millimeter wave (mmW) are investigated and implemented. The proposed antenna is composed of a rectangular patch with a backed SIW cavity. In order to enhance the bandwidth and radiation efficiency, the cavity is designed to resonate at its TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">210</sub> mode. Based on the proposed antenna, a 4 × 4 array is also designed. Both the proposed antenna and array are fabricated with standard printed circuit board (PCB) process, which possess the advantage of easy integration with planar circuits. The measured bandwidth (|S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sub> | ≤ -10 dB) of the antenna element is larger than 15%, and that of the antenna array is about 8.7%. The measured peak gains are 6.5 dBi for the element and 17.8 dBi for the array, and the corresponding simulated radiation efficiencies are 83.9% and 74.9%, respectively. The proposed antenna and array are promising for millimeter-wave applications due to its merits of wide band, high efficiency, low cost, low profile, etc.
Quantitative Evaluation of Intensity Inhomogeneity Correction Methods for Structural MR Brain Images (2015)

The correction of intensity non-uniformity (INU) in magnetic resonance (MR) images is extremely important to ensure both within-subject and across-subject reliability. Here we tackled the problem of objectively comparing INU correction techniques for T1-weighted images, which are the most commonly used in structural brain imaging. We focused our investigations on the methods integrated in widely used software packages for MR data analysis: FreeSurfer, BrainVoyager, SPM and FSL. We used simulated data to assess the INU fields reconstructed by those methods for controlled inhomogeneity magnitudes and noise levels. For each method, we evaluated a wide range of input parameters and defined an enhanced configuration associated with best reconstruction performance. By comparing enhanced and default configurations, we found that the former often provide much more accurate results. Accordingly, we used enhanced configurations for a more objective comparison between methods. For different levels of INU magnitude and noise, SPM and FSL, which integrate INU correction with brain segmentation, generally outperformed FreeSurfer and BrainVoyager, whose methods are exclusively dedicated to INU correction. Nonetheless, accurate INU field reconstructions can be obtained with FreeSurfer on images with low noise and with BrainVoyager for slow and smooth inhomogeneity profiles. Our study may prove helpful for an accurate selection of the INU correction method to be used based on the characteristics of actual MR data.
Highly flexible, hybrid-structured indium tin oxides for transparent electrodes on polymer substrates (2013)

We developed highly flexible, hybrid-structured crystalline indium tin oxide (ITO) for use as transparent electrodes on polymer substrates by embedding Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) into the substrate. The hybrid ITO consists of domains in one orientation grown on the AgNPs and a matrix of the other orientation. The domains are stronger than the matrix and function as barriers to crack propagation. As a result, both the critical bending radius (rc) (under which the resistivity change (Δρ) is less than a given value) and the change in Δρ with decreasing r significantly decreased in the hybrid ITO compared with homogenous ITO.
A Series of Well‐Defined Metathesis Catalysts–Synthesis of [RuCl<sub>2</sub>(CHR′)(PR<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] and Its Reactions (1995)

Substantially better initiators and therefore considerably more reactive than complexes of type A, the novel metathesis catalysts B are easily prepared by the reaction of [RuCl2(PPh3)3] with the appropriate diazoalkanes and subsequent phosphane exchange. While the PPh3 derivatives are excellent catalysts for living ROMP of norbornene, the complex with R = Cy, R′ = Ph is also a very efficient catalyst for the metathesis of acyclic alkenes.
Evaluation of serum vitamin D levels in elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (2014)

Increasing numbers of researches have indicated the relationship between serum vitamin D level and several autoimmune diseases, because it has important roles in immune regulation. However, the role of vitamin D in the etiopathogenesis of these diseases is not well understood. Similarly, the detailed mechanism of vitamin D action on thyroid hormone metabolism and autoimmune thyroid diseases is still poorly understood. It was recently reported that patients with autoimmune thyroid disease showed lower vitamin D levels. However, there are few studies dealing with vitamin D status in elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. We therefore aimed to investigate vitamin D levels in elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. In the present study, a total of 37 patients (&amp;gt;70 years old) with subclinical hypothyroidism and 40 healthy controls (&amp;gt;70 years old) were retrospectively analyzed. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were analyzed by chemiluminescence immunoassay (Centaur XP, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Tarrytown, USA). Serum levels of 25-Hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay (DiaSorin, Liaison, Italy). Serum anti thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti thyroglobulin (anti-TG) were measured using a solid-phase, enzyme-labeled, chemiluminenescent sequential immunometric assay (Immulite 2000 XPi, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., Tarrytown, USA). There was no significant difference between groups in terms of age and gender distribution. Serum TSH, anti-TPO and anti- TG levels in elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism showed higher values than healthy controls as expected. Serum 25-OH D levels in elderly patients with subclinical hypothyroidism were lower than healthy controls (p&amp;lt;0.001). These data may suggest association between serum 25-OH D levels and subclinical hypothyroidism in elderly patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether vitamin D insufficiency is a casual factor in the etiopathogenesis of subclinical hypothyroidism in elderly patients or rather a consequence of the disease.
Reaction of aromatic amines with epoxidized natural rubber latex (1990)

Abstract Since oxidizability of raw rubber is adversely affected by epoxidation, an attempt was made to bind an amine antioxidant to the rubber molecule through the oxirane group. Effective binding was observed only if the latex is neutralized before addition of the amine. Of the three amines used, 4‐amino‐ para ‐phenyl diamine (pAA) reacted faster than meta ‐nitro‐aniline (mNA), where as N ‐isopropyl‐ N′ ‐phenyl‐ para ‐phenyl diamine (IPPD) was the least reactive. Crosslinking was observed with the primary amine, while, with higher epoxy contents, cyclization products were also formed. mNA had little effect on oxidation resistance once it was bound.
Safety and immunogenicity of a paediatric presentation of an influenza vaccine (2000)

This paediatric formulation of inactivated flu vaccine appears safe and immunogenic in children from 6 months to 3 years of age; the convenient presentation in a prefilled syringe of 0.25 ml volume will facilitate administration of the dose recommended for young children.
A Note of Correction (1939)

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Non referential method for defects inspection of TFT-LCD pad (2008)

Detecting defects is important technology of the TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display) production process for quality control. For high quality and improving productive, defect detection is performed on each manufacturing process. In array process, defect inspection is divided into inspection for active matrix area and inspection for pad area. Inspection on active matrix area has used period of pattern to detect defect. As pad has non repetitive pattern, period can not be used for defect detection. Therefore, defects on pad have been detected by referential method comparing to pre-stored reference pad image. Subtraction has been used for comparison with reference pad. This method is problematic for pad defect inspection due to variance in the shapes of pad, illumination change and alignment error. In this paper, we propose the inspection method making up for limitation of referential method which has been used for TFT-LCD pad. Inspection is performed by applying morphological method to each horizontal line. By finding valley of each line, defect is detected.
Inhibition of neutrophil NADPH oxidase assembly by a myristoylated pseudosubstrate of protein kinase C. (1993)

To further define the role played by protein kinase C (PKC) in the activation of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase, we have utilized a pseudosubstrate of PKC which was myristoylated at the N terminus. In electropermeabilized neutrophils, the myristoylated pseudosubstrate Phe-Ala-Arg-Lys-Gly-Ala-Leu-Arg-Gln (myr-psi PKC) inhibited PMA-induced protein phosphorylations and activation of the NADPH oxidase, induced either by PMA or by the receptor agonist formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Both the pseudosubstrate lacking the N-terminal myristate (psi PKC) and a myristoylated control peptide (Phe-Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly-Ala-Leu-Glu-Gln, myr-CP) were without effect on these responses. The myristoylated pseudosubstrate was also tested in a cell-free system, in which NADPH oxidase activation can be achieved by addition of SDS and guanosine 5'-3-O-(thio)triphosphate in a staurosporine-insensitive manner. Myr-psi PKC, but not psi PKC or myr-CP, proved to be a potent inhibitor of NADPH oxidase activity in the cell-free system, indicating that the inhibition observed in permeabilized neutrophils may have been caused by an effect other than PKC inhibition. In the presence of myr-psi PKC, translocation in the cell-free system of the cytosolic oxidase components p47-phox and p67-phox to the plasma membrane was inhibited. From these results we conclude that myristoylation profoundly increases the ability of pseudosubstrates of PKC to inhibit not only PKC-mediated phosphorylations, but also NADPH oxidase activation. The latter effect, however, is most probably not related to PKC inhibition but may indicate a critical role of the membrane surface charge in the translocation of the cytosolic oxidase components p47-phox and p67-phox.
Single Core Equivalent Virtual Machines for Hard Real—Time Computing on Multicore Processors (2014)

The benefits of adopting emerging multicore processors include reductions in space, weight, power, and cooling, while increasing CPU bandwidth per processor. However, the existing real-time system engineering process is based on the constant worst case execution time (WCET) assumption, which states that the measured worst case execution time of a software task when executed alone is the same as when that task is running together with other tasks. While this assumption is correct for single-core chips, it is NOT true for multicore chips. As it is now, the interference between cores can cause delay spikes as high as 600% in industry benchmarks. This paper reviews a technology package, namely Single Core Equivalence (SCE), that restores the constant WCET assumption so that engineers can treat each core in a multicore chip as if it were a single core chip. This is significant since FAA permits the use of only one core in a multicore chip due to inter-core interferences.
TRAJECTORY EQUATIONS FOR A SIX-DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM MISSILE USING A FIXED-PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEM (1966)

Abstract : This report derives from elementary principles the general equations of motion for a missile utilizing a fixed-plane coordinate system, i.e., a coordinate system with one axis constrained to lie in a given plane. Included in the derivation are explicit expressions for introducing wind and an alternate set of equations to be used when singularity conditions are approached. Means are provided for automatically converting to the alternate set of equations so that uninterrupted trajectory simulation can proceed under all conditions. A complete discussion of initial conditions is included. The general equations can be used for flat or spherical, rotating, or nonrotating earth cases.
An Autonomous Long Range Monitoring System for Emergency Operators (2011)

, where remote monitoring software is set up. The LRS infrastructure is based on Wi-Fi protocol and modular architecture. Field tests carried out on the developed prototype showed a high reliability in terms of correctly exchanged data and recovering capabilities in case of temporary disconnection, due to the operator's movements.
Defect Management Life Cycle Process For Software Quality Improvement (2015)

Software quality issues require special attention especially in view of the demands of quality software product to meet customer satisfaction. Software development projects in most organisations need proper defect management process in order to produce high quality software product and reduce the number of defects. The research question of this study is how to produce high quality software and reducing the number of defects. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to provide a framework for managing software defects by following defined life cycle processes. The methodology starts by reviewing defects, defect models, best practices, and standards. A framework for defect management life cycle is proposed. The major contribution of this study is to define a defect management roadmap in software development. The adoption of an effective defect management process helps to achieve the ultimate goal of producing high quality software products and contributes towards continuous software process improvement.
Acceleration of Convergence of Vector Sequences (1986)

A general approach to the construction of convergence acceleration methods for vector sequences is proposed. Using this approach, one can generate some known methods, such as the minimal polynomial extrapolation, the reduced rank extrapolation, and the topological epsilon algorithm, and also some new ones. Some of the new methods are easier to implement than the known methods and are observed to have similar numerical properties. The convergence analysis of these new methods is carried out, and it is shown that they are especially suitable for accelerating the convergence of vector sequences that are obtained when one solves linear systems of equations iteratively. A stability analysis is also given, and numerical examples are provided. The convergence and stability properties of the topological epsilon algorithm are likewise given.
Electromechanical actuators for automotive applications exploiting power line communication (2006)

Modern cars are equipped with tens of digitally controlled electromechanical actuators, that are managed by a main vehicle control unit through suitable communication networks. Such networks are based on serial protocols and exploit as physical layers dedicated electric cables, which are often difficult to install and to maintain. In this paper a power line communication approach is presented enabling existing power cables to provide the physical layer for standard automotive communication protocols, or to act as a low cost backup physical layer to critical communication lines, such those related to the drive by wire. According to the proposed approach suitable transceivers exploiting the LIN protocol have been developed, as well as suitable means to decouple data and power transmission. A prototype power line network has been realised and tested, featuring a percentage of error largely suitable for non real-time critical control applications
Relationship Between Tibial Acceleration and Proximal Anterior Tibia Shear Force Across Increasing Jump Distance (2014)

Proximal anterior tibia shear force is a direct loading mechanism of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and is a contributor to ACL strain during injury. Measurement of this force during competition may provide insight into risk factors for ACL injury. Accelerometers may be capable of measuring tibial acceleration during competition. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between acceleration measured by a tibia-mounted accelerometer and proximal anterior tibia shear force as measured through inverse dynamics and peak posterior ground reaction forces during two leg stop-jump tasks. Nineteen healthy male subjects performed stop-jump tasks across increasing jump distances. Correlation coefficients were calculated to determine if a relationship exists between accelerometer data and proximal anterior tibia shear force and peak posterior ground reaction force. An analysis of variance was performed to compare these variables across jump distance. Significant correlations were observed between accelerometer data and peak posterior ground reaction force, but none between accelerometer data and proximal anterior tibia shear force. All variables except peak proximal anterior tibia shear force increased significantly as jump distance increased. Overall, results of this study provide initial, positive support for the use of accelerometers as a useful tool for future injury prevention research.
Somatostatin receptor subtype gene expression in pituitary adenomas. (1995)

Somatostatin (SRIF) exerts its diverse biological effects through a family of membrane receptors. In addition to inhibiting GH secretion, SRIF has antiproliferative effects and has been used clinically in the treatment of pituitary tumors. SRIF receptor (SSTR) expression has recently been identified in pituitary adenomas, and it is unknown whether differential expression of SSTR subtypes predicts clinical responses to SRIF analogs. We therefore determined which SSTR subtype messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are expressed in pituitary adenoma phenotypes and in normal human pituitary tissue using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and tested whether expression of specific SSTR subtype mRNA is necessary for SRIF inhibition of GH secretion in human somatotroph adenomas in vitro. Expression of SSTR subtypes 1, 2, and 5 mRNA was identified in all pituitary adenoma types and normal pituitary tissue. In contrast, SSTR3 mRNA was detected in only one somatotroph adenoma as well as in control insulinoma tissue, a tissue known to express SSTR3 mRNA, and was not detected in normal pituitary tissue. SSTR4 mRNA was not detected in any human pituitary tissue. To determine whether specific SSTR subtype mRNA expression is required for SRIF inhibition of GH secretion, five somatotroph adenomas were treated with 10(-7) mol/L SRIF in vitro, and significant inhibition of GH release occurred in all adenomas. All five tumors expressed SSTR2 mRNA and SSTR5 mRNA, and three expressed SSTR1 mRNA. The absence of SSTR1 mRNA expression did not affect the ability of SRIF to suppress GH secretion. We conclude that: 1) human pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary express multiple SSTR gene transcripts; 2) SSTR5 mRNA, which has not been reported in other human endocrine tumor types, is expressed in neoplastic and normal pituitary tissue; and 3) SSTR2 mRNA, SSTR5 mRNA, and variable SSTR1 mRNA are expressed in GH-secreting tumors, which are responsive to SRIF in vitro. Further understanding of SSTR gene expression in pituitary adenomas will facilitate our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of tumorigenesis and may provide a rationale for the use of specific SRIF analogs for clinical application.
Multiple Hypotheses Testing For Variable Selection (2011)

Many methods have been developed to estimate the set of relevant variables in a sparse linear model Y= XB+e where the dimension p of B can be much higher than the length n of Y. Here we propose two new methods based on multiple hypotheses testing, either for ordered or non-ordered variables. Our procedures are inspired by the testing procedure proposed by Baraud et al (2003). The new procedures are proved to be powerful under some conditions on the signal and their properties are non asymptotic. They gave better results in estimating the set of relevant variables than both the False Discovery Rate (FDR) and the Lasso, both in the common case (pn).
On The Use of Upscaling Methods to Describe Acid Injection in Carbonates (2001)

Abstract In this paper, we study the dissolution process in carbonates for the design of acidizing jobs. The difficulty is the modelling of the formation and the propagation of the dissolution patterns (the wormholes) which result from an instability very similar to viscous fingering. In reservoir simulators, the flow equations must generally be written at a scale larger than the standard Darcy equations in order to incorporate the heterogeneities of the formation (upscaling). In multiphase displacements without acidizing, the upscaled properties such as relative permeabilities and capillary pressure, are derived from properties on homogeneous core samples by numerical simulations using the standard Darcy's equation ("Kyte and Berry" methods). For acidizing, the upscaling process must also incorporate the effect of the dissolution which is similar to heterogeneity which change with time. To derive the upscaled properties, we will use a similar approach based on numerical simulations. However, we need a numerical simulator that can account for worm-hole formation at Darcy scale. We have built a 2D numerical simulator which calculates the dissolution pattern in a core. The originality of the simulator is the introduction of the physics at the pore scale: The flow equation takes into account Darcy flow in the matrix and Stokes law in the wormhole. The dissolution equation is derived from a volume averaging of the diffusion and reaction equations written at the pore scale. Comparison between the numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrates that adequate physics is introduced in the model: The various dissolution regimes observed in experiments are also obtained in numerical simulations: compact, wormholing and homogeneous An optimum flow rate corresponding to the maximum penetration of the wormhole is also reproduced with the simulator. For the effect of concentration and core length, the simulations exhibit the same trends as those observed with the experiments In addition, the simulator as been used to study the effect of parameters which are difficult to change experimentally. The larger number of "numerical experiments" will be used to build the upscaled model for reservoir simulations.
<title>Scheme for negating the stimulated Brillouin scattering power limit in remotely interrogated interferometric fiber sensor arrays</title> (1993)

We describe an approach to the interrogation of fiber sensor arrays over long fiber links which greatly eases the limits on optical power handling capability of the system imposed by Stimulated Brillouin Scattering. The technique relies on matching the coherence properties of the source to the operational characteristics of the interferometric sensors.© (1993) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Proximal Third Gastric Carcinoma (2004)

The poor prognosis of PGC is mainly due to its more advanced stage at diagnosis compared with that of more distally located gastric carcinoma. Early detection is important for improving the prognosis of patients with proximal third gastric carcinoma.