gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Human Transmembrane Tryptase (TMT)/Tryptase γ (2002)

Transmembrane tryptase (TMT)/tryptase gamma is a membrane-bound serine protease stored in the secretory granules of human and mouse lung mast cells (MCs). We now show that TMT reaches the external face of the plasma membrane when MCs are induced to degranulate. Analysis of purified recombinant TMT revealed that it is a two-chain neutral protease. Thus, TMT is the only MC protease identified so far which retains its 18-residue propeptide when proteolytically activated. The genes that encode TMT and tryptase betaI reside on human chromosome 16p13.3. However, substrate specificity studies revealed that TMT and tryptase betaI are functionally distinct even though they are approximately 50% identical. Although TMT is rapidly inactivated by the human plasma serpin alpha(1)-antitrypsin in vitro, administration of recombinant TMT (but not recombinant tryptase betaI) into the trachea of mice leads to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and increased expression of interleukin (IL) 13. T cells also increase their expression of IL-13 mRNA when exposed to TMT in vitro. TMT is therefore a novel exocytosed surface mediator that can stimulate those cell types that are in close proximity. TMT induces AHR in normal mice but not in transgenic mice that lack signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 6 or the alpha-chain of the cytokine receptor that recognizes both IL-4 and IL-13. Based on these data, we conclude that TMT is an exocytosed MC neutral protease that induces AHR in lungs primarily by activating an IL-13/IL-4Ralpha/STAT6-dependent pathway.
Automatic speaker recognition system using the discrete Hartley transform and an artificial neural network (2002)

A system is presented which will identify speakers that it was trained to recognize with 100% accuracy. This system will also classify inputs that it has not been trained to recognize as unknown. The high degree of confidence offered by this system is attributed to careful processing of the input data sets. Only easily distinguishable segments of the speech samples are passed as inputs to the artificial neural network (ANN). Additionally, sufficient input information is provided with the training inputs to enable the ANN to rapidly train and subsequently classify speakers. This system may be readily implemented in hardware using existing technology. Hardware implementation will render near real-time performance. Applications that would be enhanced by the use of this system include electronic surveillance and computer security. The speaker identification system was successfully tested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phase transitions in heterogeneous films (1981)

The thermodynamics of monolayer films adsorbed on nonuniform substrates is analyzed in terms of arbitrary but well characterized substrate heterogeneity. It is shown that a combination of vapor-pressure isotherms of a two-phase film and high-resolution diffraction can yield the distribution functions of binding energy and of crystallite size. These distributions can be used as a basis for characterizing all films subject to similar adsorption forces. The effects of these distributions are discussed, with reference to single-phase regimes, phase boundaries of two-phase regions, triple-point melting, and second-order transitions. Several specific examples drawn from recent literature are discussed. A method is developed for unfolding ideal film behavior from measurements on well-characterized nonuniform substrates.
SPORE: A sequential personalized spatial item recommender system (2016)

With the rapid development of location-based social networks (LBSNs), spatial item recommendation has become an important way of helping users discover interesting locations to increase their engagement with location-based services. Although human movement exhibits sequential patterns in LBSNs, most current studies on spatial item recommendations do not consider the sequential influence of locations. Leveraging sequential patterns in spatial item recommendation is, however, very challenging, considering 1) users' check-in data in LBSNs has a low sampling rate in both space and time, which renders existing prediction techniques on GPS trajectories ineffective; 2) the prediction space is extremely large, with millions of distinct locations as the next prediction target, which impedes the application of classical Markov chain models; and 3) there is no existing framework that unifies users' personal interests and the sequential influence in a principled manner. In light of the above challenges, we propose a sequential personalized spatial item recommendation framework (SPORE) which introduces a novel latent variable topic-region to model and fuse sequential influence with personal interests in the latent and exponential space. The advantages of modeling the sequential effect at the topic-region level include a significantly reduced prediction space, an effective alleviation of data sparsity and a direct expression of the semantic meaning of users' spatial activities. Furthermore, we design an asymmetric Locality Sensitive Hashing (ALSH) technique to speed up the online top-k recommendation process by extending the traditional LSH. We evaluate the performance of SPORE on two real datasets and one large-scale synthetic dataset. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in SPORE's ability to recommend spatial items, in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency, compared with the state-of-the-art methods.
Applications of ultrafast lasers to two-photon fluorescence and lifetime imaging (2002)

Fluorescent probes have found widespread use in biomedical sciences. Particularly since they can be targeted to cellular compartments and further more can report on the properties of their environment such as calcium concentration. Near infrared ultrafast lasers find increasing use for fluorescence applications since femtosecond pulses with a few milliwatts of average power are sufficient to induce significant two photon fluorescence from the probe when focused into typical samples. The nonlinear optical excitation process allows sectioned imaging of 3-D samples without use of a confocal pinhole. In this paper we describe two aspects of multiphoton microscopy: the two- photon excitation cross section and the fluorescence lifetime. Of interest is the wavelength characterization of two-photon excitation cross-sections of fluorescence probes. We slowly modulate (~500Hz) the intensity envelope of the input laser pulse train and analyze the emission signal in terms of the amplitude and phase of the harmonics of this modulation. In effect this is a power study that allows separation of different order effects. An application of ultrafast laser excitation that exploits many of the features outlined above is measurement of pH gradients in the skin. This is essential to skin barrier function and disruption of the gradient is thought to be an indicating factor in many skin diseases. A probe for which the fluorescence lifetime varies with pH is used. We thus are able to tackle problems associated with inhomogeneous labeling. We have developed a two-photon laser-scanning lifetime microscope and present pH maps of skin obtained with this instrument.
Gate sizing: finFETs vs 32nm bulk MOSFETs (2006)

FinFET devices promise to replace traditional MOSFETs because of superior ability in controlling leakage and minimizing short channel effects while delivering a strong drive current. We investigate in this paper gate sizing of finFET devices, and we provide a comparison with 32nm bulk CMOS. Wider finFET devices are built utilizing multiple parallel fins between the source and drain. Independent gating of the finFET's double gates allows significant reduction in leakage current. We perform temperature-aware circuit optimization by modeling delay using temperature-dependent parameters, and by imposing constraints that limit the maximum allowable number of parallel fins. We show that finFET circuits are superior in performance and produce less static power when compared to 32nm circuits.
Random sources generating ring-shaped beams (2013)

Two classes of scalar, stochastic sources are introduced, each capable of producing far fields with intensities forming rings. Although the Bessel-Gaussian and the Laguerre-Gaussian Schell-model sources are described by two different math models, the behavior of their degrees of coherence and, hence, the shapes of their far fields are qualitatively similar. The new beams are of importance for optical methods of particle manipulation.
Protection of Japanese Flounder <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i> against Experimental Edwardsiellosis by Formalin-killed <i>Edwardsiella tarda</i> in Combination with Oral Administration of Immunostimulants (1999)

We studied the effects of oral administration of immunostimulants (curdlan and quillaja saponin) and formalin-killed Edwardsiella tarda cells (FKC) on the protection against edwardsiellosis in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Fish were fed experimental diets containing immunostimulants and FKC singly or in combination for three weeks. The survival rates were observed for 19 days after challenge with E. tarda, and the agglutination titers against the bacterium were measured before and after the challenge. Fish fed the immunostimulants showed higher survival rates than the control group, with the agglutination titers being as low as those of the control group. On the other hand, fish fed on FKC-containing diets exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher survival rates and titers than the control group. The immunostimulants were suggested to activate immune systems in the vaccinated fish, which led to enhancement of resistance against edwardsiellosis.
Complex Formation Of Platelet Glycoproteins IIB And IIIA With Fibrinogen (1981)

Platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb and IIIa were isolated and purified from human platelet membranes using lentil lectin affinity chromatography and electrophoretic elution from SDS-poly-acrylamide gels. Two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of a mixture of the purified proteins against monospecific antisera showed antigenic uniqueness of the separate polypeptides. Computerized analysis of autoradiographs of two dimensional tryptic 125I peptide maps revealed that the two glycoproteins had completely different structures. Thus human platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb and IIIa are separate molecular entities. Monospecific anti-GPIIb and anti-GPIIIa were utilized in an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay system to demonstrate complex formation of the platelet glycoproteins with purified human fibrinogen. The formation of this GPIIb-GPIIIa fibrinogen complex is calcium dependent, fibrinogen specific, saturable, and inhibited by specific amino sugars and amino acids. These observations suggest that the GPIIb-GPIIIa macromolecular complex on the platelet surface acts under the proper physiologic circumstances as the fibrinogen binding site required for normal platelet aggregation.
Trypsin‐like activity levels of Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis in adults with periodontitis (1994)

Treponema denticola (Td) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) are associated with human moderate and severe adult periodontal diseases. This study quantifies these two anaerobes and their trypsin-like (TL) activities in subgingival plaque collected from both clinically healthy and periodontally diseased sites of human periodontitis patients. Antigen levels of the microorganisms were determined by monoclonal antibodies and TL activities were measured by the fluorescent substrate Z-gly-gly-arg-AFC in a disc format. Significant positive correlations were observed between the antigen levels and the TL activities when the data were subjected to statistical analyses both on a site-specific and on a patient basis. Anaerobe synergism was found between Td and Pg in a continental US population, and positive correlations were found between anaerobe levels (individually and total) and clinical indicators of adult periodontitis.
Off-Policy Integral Reinforcement Learning Method to Solve Nonlinear Continuous-Time Multiplayer Nonzero-Sum Games (2016)

This paper establishes an off-policy integral reinforcement learning (IRL) method to solve nonlinear continuous-time (CT) nonzero-sum (NZS) games with unknown system dynamics. The IRL algorithm is presented to obtain the iterative control and off-policy learning is used to allow the dynamics to be completely unknown. Off-policy IRL is designed to do policy evaluation and policy improvement in the policy iteration algorithm. Critic and action networks are used to obtain the performance index and control for each player. The gradient descent algorithm makes the update of critic and action weights simultaneously. The convergence analysis of the weights is given. The asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system and the existence of Nash equilibrium are proved. The simulation study demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed method for nonlinear CT NZS games with unknown system dynamics.
Isolation and Characterization of Canthaxanthin Biosynthesis Genes from the Photosynthetic Bacterium <i>Bradyrhizobium</i> sp. Strain ORS278 (2000)

ABSTRACT A carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster involved in canthaxanthin production was isolated from the photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium sp. strain ORS278. This cluster includes five genes identified as crtE , crtY , crtI , crtB , and crtW that are organized in at least two operons. The functional assignment of each open reading frame was confirmed by complementation studies.
Flow-cytometric studies with eleutherococcus senticosus extract as an immunomodulatory agent. (1987)

A placebo-controlled study of the effect of an Eleutherococcus senticosus extract (Eleukokk) on the immune system was performed with 36 healthy volunteers utilising quantitative multi-parameter flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies directed against specific surface markers of human lymphocyte subsets. Volunteers in the verum group received 10 ml of an ethanolic (vincamine free) eleutherococcus senticosus preparation, 3 times daily for 4 weeks. In the placebo, the eleutherococcus extract was substituted by additional wine, resulting in identical final concentrations of ethanol in both preparations. The purpose of the double-blind study was the demonstration of possible effects on the cellular immune status, as determined by quantitative flow cytometry. The most salient feature in the verum group was a drastic increase in the absolute number of immunocompetent cells, with an especially pronounced effect on T lymphocytes, predominantly of the helper/inducer type, but also on cytotoxic and natural killer cells. In addition, a general enhancement of the activation state of T lymphocytes was observed. No side effects were observed during the trial or afterwards (observation period 6 months).
An Analysis Of 3-D Display Strategies (1984)

Development of a general purpose and practical 3-D display system appears feasible through the combination of fast data processing and transfer techniques with modern display methods. The technological problems and methods for effecting a merger of strategies and devices are discussed in this article.
Abiraterone Acetate in Combination with Prednisone for the Treatment of Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: U.S. Food and Drug Administration Drug Approval Summary (2013)

On December 10, 2012, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted full approval for a modified indication for abiraterone acetate (Zytiga tablets; Janssen Biotech, Inc.) in combination with prednisone for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The approval was based on clinical trial COU-AA-302, which randomly allocated asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with chemotherapy-naïve mCRPC and no visceral metastases to either abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (N = 546) or placebo plus prednisone (N = 542). The coprimary endpoints were radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) and overall survival (OS). The median rPFS was 8.3 months in the placebo arm and had not yet been reached in the abiraterone acetate arm {HR, 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.52]; P < 0.0001}. A prespecified interim analysis demonstrated an improvement in OS favoring the abiraterone acetate arm [HR, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.66-0.96)] but did not cross the O'Brien-Fleming boundary for statistical significance. Safety data confirmed the known adverse reaction profile of abiraterone acetate. Full approval was granted on the basis of a large magnitude of effect on rPFS, a favorable trend in OS, and internal consistency across multiple secondary endpoints and exploratory patient-reported pain data. This is the first drug approval for mCRPC to use rPFS as the primary endpoint. Importantly, this approval was granted in the context of a prior statistically significant OS benefit that formed the basis of the original April 28, 2011, approval of abiraterone acetate for patients with mCRPC who had received prior chemotherapy containing docetaxel.
Natural Product Synthesis via Biocatalysis: An Essay on the Merits of Multidisciplinary Ventures (1998)

A critical opinion is advanced on the merits of multidisciplinary ventures in synthetic organic chemistry. In particular, the concept of a "tool box" of methodologies available for effective solutions to problems in organic synthesis is analyzed in the context of available examples from the literature as well as from the ongoing projects in our research group. The discussion of several cases of recently accomplished total syntheses offers evidence that the introduction of biocatalytic methods greatly improves the overall process of preparation of target compounds. Some examples of such projects form also the topic of the authors lecture at the 8th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis in September 1998.
Elucidating the Role of the Aluminous Source on Limestone Reactivity in Cementitious Materials (2015)

When limestone (CaCO 3 ) is present in ordinary portland cement ( OPC ), carbonate‐ AF m phases (i.e., hemi‐ and/or mono‐carboaluminate) are stabilized at the expense of the sulfate‐ AF m, which is more commonly found in cement systems. In OPC , the quantity of AF m hydrates formed is often limited by the availability of aluminum. Therefore, as a means of enhancing AF m phase formation, this study elucidates the role of aluminous sources including: calcium aluminate cements, metakaolin, and a hydratable alumina to determine if their addition would enhance limestone reactions and carbonate‐ AF m formation in cement systems. The results of a detailed study including: X‐ray diffraction, strength measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermodynamic calculations are used to quantify solid phase constitutions, and the extent of limestone reacted. The results suggest that, the amount of limestone reacted and the specific carbonate‐ AF m formed is sensitive to both, the nature of the aluminous source and limestone content. Pozzolanic reactions which occur when metakaolin is used as an aluminous source are noted to be especially beneficial in offsetting the effects of OPC replacement. It is noted that although the different aluminous materials react with different quantities of Ca CO 3 during hydration, enhanced carbonate‐ AF m formation alone is insufficient to ensure strength equivalence, when OPC is replaced by limestone.
Time and Temperature Dependence of Density of Oxidation-Induced Stacking Faults in Diamond-Lapped Silicon (1984)

The mechanically damaged silicon wafers are oxidized at temperatures in the range of 950–1150°C for 15 min-128 h in dry oxygen. Oxidation-induced stacking faults (OSF) are delineated by preferential etching. The density of OSF decreases with the increase of both oxidation time and temperature. Unfaulting reactions of OSF are detected by transmission electron microscopy. The annihilation of OSF seems attributable to unfaulting reactions due to the local concentration of the residual stress from mechanical damage and the impingement of OSF.
Abstract LB-190: CDC25A suppression of apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma depends on 14-3-3ϵ (2018)

Abstract Cytoplasmic relocalization of the dual-specificity phosphatase, CDC25A, occurs during nonmelanoma skin cancer development and progression, leading to suppression of cell death. Cytoplasmic CDC25A is phosphorylated at Ser178, which allows for its association with 14-3-3ϵ. 14-3-3ϵ is a member of the 14-3-3 family of proteins that bind phosphoserine/threonine-containing proteins and are involved in various processes including scaffolding, nuclear transport, protein degradation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and cell signaling. We hypothesized that CDC25A's antiapoptotic function depends upon 14-3-3ϵ binding to trigger activation of prosurvival signaling pathways in SCC cells. Co-immunoprecipitation of CDC25A from the SCC cell line SCC12B.2 followed by immunoblotting for 14-3-3ϵ confirmed an association between CDC25A and14-3-3ϵ. CDC25A over-expression in SCC12B.2 cells reduced apoptosis by approximately 50%, as assessed by a caspase 3/7 glo assay. However, inhibition of 14-3-3ϵ with the peptide R18, or silencing of 14-3-3ϵ, blocked the anti-apoptotic effect of CDC25A in SCC cells. Treatment with serial dilutions of R18 increased cell death with an IC50 of 8.9 μM in SCC12B.2 cells. Interestingly, over-expression of CDC25A significantly increased P-Akt (p=0.011), P-BAD (p=0.034) and Survivin (p=0.036) when compared to control. Consistent with our hypothesis that 14-3-3ϵ facilitates CDC25A's antiapoptotic activity, silencing of 14-3-3ϵ decreased P-Akt (p=0.044), P-BAD (p=0.034) and Survivin (p=0.008). Taken together, these results indicate that cytoplasmic CDC25A and 14-3-3ϵ interact in skin carcinomas to suppress apoptosis through a mechanism involving activation of Akt/BAD/Survivin signaling, rendering SCC cells sensitive to 14-3-3ϵ or CDC25A inhibition, a mechanism that requires further study. Citation Format: Thomas R. Holmes, Jenan Al-Matouq, Brianna Hammiller, Yawah T. Nicholson, Matti J. Holmes, Laura A. Hansen. CDC25A suppression of apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma depends on 14-3-3ϵ [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-190.
Thermal conductivity of poly(ethylene glycols) and their binary mixtures (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal conductivity of poly(ethylene glycols) and their binary mixturesRalph DiGuilio and Amyn S. TejaCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1990, 35, 2, 117–121Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00060a005https://doi.org/10.1021/je00060a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views713Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts