gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Application of Microcomputers in Large Pumping Stations (1978)

A brief description is given of the system and the hardware used, as well as an outline of some of the problems and software requirements for controlling fully automatic pumping stations. Two applications in the SECV's open cut mines are covered as examples of a complex control task. The paper highlights the need for a clearly defined system specification followed by complete documentation of the commissioned plant. With falling microcomputer costs and increasing scales of operation in industrial installations, serious consideration will have to be given to the methods of control and to the training of suitable personnel.
Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures (2005)

Elevated serum prolactin assay, when measured in the appropriate clinical setting at 10 to 20 minutes after a suspected event, is a useful adjunct for the differentiation of generalized tonic-clonic or complex partial seizure from psychogenic nonepileptic seizure among adults and older children (Level B). Serum prolactin assay does not distinguish epileptic seizures from syncope (Level B). The use of serum PRL assay has not been established in the evaluation of status epilepticus, repetitive seizures, and neonatal seizures (Level U).
Alerting Services in a Digital Library Environment (2007)

The classical paradigm of finding information in the WWW by initiating retrieval and browsing becomes more and more ineffective. Other techniques have to be considered. Automatic delivery of contents to the user according to their needs and filtered by her profile of interests is required. Current implementations of such Alerting Services at content providers side have several drawbacks. In my research project I evaluate methods and techniques for Alerting Services with special respect to the area of digital libraries. I intend to provide a framework that supports design decisions in building alerting services depending on the infrastructure and desired system parameters. 1 Introduction Imagine one morning you just arrive at your office and switch on your computer to have a look at the recent news in your special field of research. Little pictures for each topic tell you that some interesting documents arrived. Behind one icon you find for instance the new announcements for c...
Transformer based dual-power-mode CMOS power amplifier for handset applications (2014)

A fully integrated transformer based dual-power-mode CMOS power amplifier (PA) is implemented. The proposed architecture provides enhanced back-off efficiency with simple circuit topology. With broadband characteristic of the transmission line transformer, the PA delivers good performance across the 1.7-2.0 GHz frequency band. The PA with a 3.5 V supply voltage has gains of 14.5-16.2 dB and 10-10.5 dB in high power mode (HPM) and low power mode (LPM), respectively. The linear average output power for long-term evolution signals having 10MHz bandwidth and 7.5 dB peak-to-average power ratio is 26/20 dBm with a PAE of 31.6%-33.8%/20.8%-26.5% across the 1.7-2.0 GHz frequency in the HPM/LPM.
SHAKTI-MS: a RISC-V processor for memory safety in C (2019)

In this era of IoT devices, security is very often traded off for smaller device footprint and low power consumption. Considering the exponentially growing security threats of IoT and cyber-physical systems, it is important that these devices have built-in features that enhance security. In this paper, we present Shakti-MS, a lightweight RISC-V processor with built-in support for both temporal and spatial memory protection. At run time, Shakti-MS can detect and stymie memory misuse in C and C++ programs, with minimum runtime overheads. The solution uses a novel implementation of fat-pointers to efficiently detect misuse of pointers at runtime. Our proposal is to use stack-based cookies for crafting fat-pointers instead of having object-based identifiers. We store the fat-pointer on the stack, which eliminates the use of shadow memory space, or any table to store the pointer metadata. This reduces the storage overheads by a great extent. The cookie also helps to preserve control flow of the program by ensuring that the return address never gets modified by vulnerabilities like buffer overflows. Shakti-MS introduces new instructions in the microprocessor hardware, and also a modified compiler that automatically inserts these new instructions to enable memory protection. This co-design approach is intended to reduce runtime and area overheads, and also provides an end-to-end solution. The hardware has an area overhead of 700 LUTs on a Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale FPGA and 4100 cells on an open 55nm technology node. The clock frequency of the processor is not affected by the security extensions, while there is a marginal increase in the code size by 11% with an average runtime overhead of 13%.
Randomized Clinical Trial EvaluatingTransdermal Ibuprofen for Moderate to SevereKnee Osteoarthritis (2013)

NCT01496326.
Genetic Studies of the Fertility Plasmid SCP2 and its SCP2* Variants in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (1981)

The plasmid SCP2, initially discovered through the occurrence of a high fertility variant, SCP2*, is a self-transmissible fertility factor capable of promoting chromosomal recombination within Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Further high fertility variants of SCP2, similar to SCP2*, were isolated from amongst the recombinants produced in matings involving SCP2, and their genetic properties were compared. SCP2 and its derivatives elicit lethal zygosis on transfer into an SCP2− recipient; this plasmid-determined phenotype allowed the isolation of SCP2− strains and the detection of the interspecific transfer of SCP2* by mating from S. coelicolor to Streptomyces parvulus and Streptomyces lividans, whereupon it underwent stable maintenance. The transfer genes of SCP2 and SCP2*, which are not normally fully expressed, were shown to undergo transient derepression on entry into an SCP2− strain. An ‘entry disadvantage’ system determined by SCP2 and SCP2* was recognized.
Oral Transmucosal Fentanyl Citrate for Premedication in Adults (1996)

This study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) for premedication in an adult population and to determine its effects on anxiety, sedation, gastric volume, and gastric fluid acidity.The fentanyl citrate is incorporated in a lozenge mounted on a handle (oralet). The effects of OTFC, placebo oralet, and no premedication were compared in a prospective, double-blind study on 90 adult ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing same-day admission surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: OTFC group (n = 30), placebo group (n = 30), and control group (n = 30). Arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory frequency, and oxygen saturation determined by pulse oximetry were recorded before any premedication was given, and then every 10 min until the patient was taken to the operating room. Baseline anxiety and sedation levels were assessed to ensure group similarity immediately before premedication was given and at the more anxiety-provoking phase upon entering the operating room. Anxiety levels were rated using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form and sedation levels were assessed with the Ramsay scale. Side effects, as reported by the patients, were also recorded. Gastric contents were aspirated via an orogastric tube after induction of anesthesia and were measured for volume and pH. No significant differences were found among the three groups in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, or respiratory frequency. Initial oxygen saturation levels in all groups decreased after 30 min but not less than 96% except for one patient in the OTFC group, who decreased to 88%. On entering the operating room, the OTFC group demonstrated significantly higher levels of anxiolysis than the control group, but no significant differences were seen between the OTFC and the placebo groups or the placebo and control groups. Mean gastric volumes (OTFC, 29 mL; placebo, 26 mL; control, 24 mL) and pH (OTFC, 2.0; placebo, 1.8; control, 2.1) were similar in all groups. There were no significant differences among the groups in levels of sedation achieved. Mild dizziness or light-headedness was the most commonly reported side effect in 23% of the OTFC group. In the OTFC group, 71.4% liked the premedicant effect as compared to 46.4% of the placebo group. Most of the groups found the oralet method of premedicant delivery very acceptable. This study demonstrates that the OTFC oralet is an effective anxiolytic in adults. It has minimal side effects and is prepared in an acceptable format. There was no measurable increase in gastric contents or acidity in the oralet groups, compared to those patients who were given nothing by mouth. (Anesth Analg 1996;82:158-61)
Calcium channel blockers for primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (2017)

Randomized controlled trials with evidence of low to moderate quality showed that CCBs (especially the dihydropyridine class) may be useful in reducing the frequency, duration, severity of attacks, pain and disability associated with Raynaud's phenomenon. Higher doses may be more effective than lower doses and these CCBs may be more effective in primary RP. Although there were more withdrawals due to adverse events in the treatment groups, no serious adverse events were reported.
Electrochemical Study Of Polyaniline In Aqueous And Organic Medium. Redox And Kinetic Properties. (1985)

Abstract The polyaniline (PANI) is an interesting material because it can be a very stable electronic conductive polymer. It shows several electrochemical redox systems which have to be elucidated. For the application as battery material, it is the polymer probably which has the larger charge density (Ah/kg).
Gene therapy research for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (1997)

Gene therapy is a promising option for the definitive treatment of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies. Presently, gene therapy for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies is still in the preclinical stage with dystrophin-deficient animals (the mdx mouse and a golden retriever dog strain) serving as convenient models. The thrust of research during the past 18 months has focused on two approaches: adenovirus-mediated dystrophin gene transfer and upregulation of a natural dystrophin analogue, utrophin. In the area of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, substantial progress has been made in characterizing and mitigating the deleterious immune responses to the vector and transgene proteins. Furthermore, new adenovirus vectors have been created with reduced immunogenicity and increased insert gene capacity, which enhance the longevity of the transgene expression. Additional efforts are underway to develop safe and efficient routes of administration of the adenovirus vector carrying the dystrophin expression cassette. The prospects of utrophin upregulation as an attractive strategy for treatment of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies was greatly enhanced by the demonstration of a substantial mitigation of the dystrophic phenotype of the transgenic mdx mouse overexpressing utrophin.
Complexes of Al(III) and Be(II) with Biguanide (1974)

Three complexes of biguanide (C 2 N 5 H 7 ) having the compositions [Be (C,Ν 5 Η 6 ) OH · H 2 O], [Be (C 2 N 5 H 7 ),] (OH) 2 , and [(C 2 N 5 H 7 ) 2 Al(OC 2 H 5 )Cl] Cl have been synthesised and characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectra.
The impact of oxidative stress on <i>Arabidopsis</i> mitochondria (2002)

Treatment of Arabidopsis cell culture for 16 h with H2O2, menadione or antimycin A induced an oxidative stress decreasing growth rate and increasing DCF fluorescence and lipid peroxidation products. Treated cells remained viable and maintained significant respiratory rates. Mitochondrial integrity was maintained, but accumulation of alternative oxidase and decreased abundance of lipoic acid-containing components during several of the treatments indicated oxidative stress. Analysis of the treatments was undertaken by IEF/SDS-PAGE, comparison of protein spot abundances and tandem mass spectrometry. A set of 25 protein spots increased >3-fold in H2O2/menadione treatments, a subset of these increased in antimycin A-treated samples. A set of 10 protein spots decreased significantly during stress treatments. A specific set of mitochondrial proteins were degraded by stress treatments. These damaged components included subunits of ATP synthase, complex I, succinyl CoA ligase, aconitase, and pyruvate and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Nine increased proteins represented products of different genes not found in control mitochondria. One is directly involved in antioxidant defense, a mitochondrial thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase, while another, a thioredoxin reductase-dependent protein disulphide isomerase, is required for protein disulfide redox homeostasis. Several others are generally considered to be extramitochondrial but are clearly present in a highly purified mitochondrial fraction used in this study and are known to play roles in stress response. Using H2O2 as a model stress, further work revealed that this treatment induced a protease activity in isolated mitochondria, putatively responsible for the degradation of oxidatively damaged mitochondrial proteins and that O2 consumption by mitochondria was significantly decreased by H2O2 treatment.
A Cross-Sectional Examination of the Sources Contributing to Academic Stress (2016)

Stress is common among the college students. The research was undertaken to determine the prevalence, sources and components of academic and non academic stress among the under graduate medical college students at one of the premier university in India. A survey of randomly selected respondents with mean of age (M=23, 21) and standard deviation (SD=3, 27), varied in year in school, age and gender was conducted based on a questionnaire which included demographic data and items examining possible sources of stress. The data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis test with the help of statistical software IBM SPSS version 21. The overall stress level was found to be 78.2%. Overall Stress level mean for female medical students is slightly above the male students stress level. Findings revealed that among the academic sources of stress, fear of failure factor was found to be the major contributor to stress. Among the non academic sources, limited time for recreation and home-sickness were found to be the greatest sources of stress. The research concluded that academic problems were the major contributors to induce stress in medical students compared to non-academic problems. The study provided scope for adopting strategies intended to reduce students’ stress and improve their mental well being. The findings from this study may be useful for further research on how these potential sources of stress influence health and well being of students.
MORPHOLOGY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BARLEY ENDOSPERM CELL WALLS (1975)

Cell walls have been isolated from barley endosperm and found to contain a microfibrillar phase which is embedded in an amorphous matrix. The microfibrillar phase probably consists of cellulose, together with tightly bound arabinoxylan and polysaccharides rich in mannose. The matrix material is arabinoxylan (approx. 25%) and β-glucan (approx. 75%). Pectic polysaccharides are absent from the isolated cell walls. After successive removal of the matrix polysaccharides with water and 1-M NaOH, only 6% of the wall remains. The intra-cellular surfaces of the wall fragments are extensively pitted, probably as a result of adpression of starch granules into the cell wall material during endosperm development. Although polysaccharides are the major components of the cell walls, some nitrogen (less than 1%) is present. Phenolic compounds may also be wall constituents, but hydroxyproline could not be detected.
Correction: Discriminating Multi-Species Populations in Biofilms with Peptide Nucleic Acid Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (PNA FISH) (2013)

Background: Our current understanding of biofilms indicates that these structures are typically composed of many different microbial species. However, the lack of reliable techniques for the discrimination of each population has meant that studies focusing on multi-species biofilms are scarce and typically generate qualitative rather than quantitative data.
Flow cytometric analysis of BCL‐2 can distinguish small numbers of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells from B‐cell precursors (2004)

Flow cytometric identification of small numbers of precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) cells in post-treatment marrow specimens could benefit from the identification of additional, easily detectable markers that could be used in most cases. In this study, we evaluate whether bcl-2 expression quantified by four-colour flow cytometry can be effectively used to discriminate precursor B-ALL blasts from normal B-cell precursors (haematogones) and function as a leukaemia-specific marker. Levels of bcl-2 in the 22 precursor B-ALL cases studied were found to be significantly higher (over sixfold higher on average) than those present in haematogone populations from 22 control marrow specimens. Higher relative levels of bcl-2 expression in the B-ALL cases were maintained with respect to both immature CD34+ and more mature CD34- haematogone subsets, and appeared stable. Dilutional studies indicated that multiparameter flow cytometry analysis using bcl-2 could identify precursor B-ALL blasts representing as few as 1% of CD19+ cells or 0.01% of total leucocytes in bone marrow specimens containing substantial numbers of haematogones. This study suggests that bcl-2 may be an important marker for flow cytometric detection and quantification of small numbers of residual precursor B-ALL cells in bone marrow specimens.
Challenges and Thrills of Legal Arguments (2020)

State-of-the-art attention based models, mostly centered around the transformer architecture, solve the problem of sequence-to-sequence translation using the so-called scaled dot-product attention. While this technique is highly effective for estimating inter-token attention, it does not answer the question of inter-sequence attention when we deal with conversation-like scenarios. We propose an extension, HumBERT, that attempts to perform continuous contextual argument generation using locally trained transformers.
Feedback linearizing control of switched reluctance motors (1987)

Motivated by technological advances in power electronics and signal processing, and by the interest in using direct drives for robot manipulators, we investigate the control problem of high-performance drives for switched reluctance motors (SRM's). SRM's are quite simple, low cost, and reliable motors as compared to the widely used dc motors. However, the SRM presents a coupled nonlinear multivariable control structure which calls for complex nonlinear control design in order to achieve high dynamic performances. We first develop a detailed nonlinear model which matches experimental data and establish an electronic commutation strategy. Then, on the basis of recent nonlinear control techniques, we design a state feedback control algorithm which compensates for all the nonlinearities and decouples the effect of stator phase currents in the torque production. The position dependent logic of the electronic commutator assigns control authority to one phase, which controls the motion, while the remaining phase currents are forced to decay to zero. Simulations for a direct drive, single link manipulator with the SRM are reported, which show the control performance of the algorithm we propose in nominal conditions and test its robustness versus the most critical parameter uncertainties of payload mass and stator resistance.
Ridge filter design and optimization for the broad‐beam three‐dimensional irradiation system for heavy‐ion radiotherapy (2000)

The broad-beam three-dimensional irradiation system under development at National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) requires a small ridge filter to spread the initially monoenergetic heavy-ion beam to a small spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP). A large SOBP covering the target volume is then achieved by a superposition of differently weighted and displaced small SOBPs. Two approaches were studied for the definition of a suitable ridge filter and experimental verifications were performed. Both approaches show a good agreement between the calculated and measured dose and lead to a good homogeneity of the biological dose in the target. However, the ridge filter design that produces a Gaussian-shaped spectrum of the particle ranges was found to be more robust to small errors and uncertainties in the beam application. Furthermore, an optimization procedure for two fields was applied to compensate for the missing dose from the fragmentation tail for the case of a simple-geometry target. The optimized biological dose distributions show that a very good homogeneity is achievable in the target.
Use of various coffee industry residues for the cultivation of<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>in solid state fermentation (2000)

Abstract Studies were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using coffee industry residues, viz. coffee husk, coffee leaves and spent coffee ground as substrates in solid state fermentation (SSF) to cultivate edible mushrooms Pleurotus . Eight strains of Pleurotus ostreatus and two strains of Pleurotus sajor‐caju were screened on a medium prepared from aqueous extract of coffee husk and agar. Based on best mycelial growth (9.68 mm/day) and biomass production (43.4 mg/plate in 9 days at 24°C), the strain P. ostreatus LPB 09 was selected for detailed studies. SSF was carried out using these substrates under different moisture conditions (45–75%) and spawn rates (2.5–25%). In general, although a 25% spawn rate appeared superior, the 10% spawn rate was recommended for all the three substrates in view of the process economics, as there was not any significant difference in the increase with 10 to 15%. The ideal moisture content for mycelial growth was 60–65% for coffee husk and spent coffee ground, and 60–70% for coffee leaves. The biological efficiency (BE), which is defined as the ratio of the weight of fresh fruiting bodies to the weight of dry substrate, multiplied by 100, and which indicates the fructification ability of the fungus for utilizing the substrate, was best with coffee husk. With coffee husk as the substrate, the first fructification occurred after 20 days of inoculation, and the biological efficiency reached about 97% after 60 days. When coffee leaves were used as the substrate, no fructification was observed even upon prolonged cultivation. With spent ground as the substrate, the first fructification occurred 23 days after inoculation and the biological efficiency reached about 90% in 50 days. There was a significant decrease in the caffeine and tannin contents (61 and 79%, respectively) of coffee husk after 60 days. It was remarkable to observe that caffeine was adsorbed onto the fruiting body (0.157%), indicating that it was not completely degraded by the fungal culture. However, no tannins were found in the fruiting body, indicating that the fungal strain was capable of degrading them. The results showed the feasibility of using coffee husk and spent coffee ground as substrates without any pre‐treatment for the cultivation of edible fungi in SSF, and provided one of the first steps towards an economical utilization of these otherwise unutilized or poorly utilized residues.