gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pervaporation separation of water‐isopropyl alcohol mixtures with blend membranes of sodium alginate and poly(acrylamide)‐grafted guar gum (2002)

Abstract The blend membranes of sodium alginate (Na‐Alg) and poly(acrylamide)‐grafted guar gum (PAAm‐g‐GG) in the ratios of 3:1 and 1:1 were prepared and studied for the pervaporation separation of water–isopropyl alcohol mixtures over the entire range of mixture composition at 30°C. Membranes prepared from neat Na‐Alg (M‐1) and the 1:1 blend of Na‐Alg and PAAm‐g‐GG (M‐3) showed the highest separation selectivity for 10 mass % water in the feed mixture, whereas membranes prepared with the 3:1 blend ratio of Na‐Alg to PAAm‐g‐GG showed the highest separation selectivity of 20 mass % water in the feed. Selectivity decreased with increasing amount of water in the feed for all the membranes, but these values show an increase with increasing amount of grafted copolymer in the blend mixture. Flux increased with increasing amount of water in the mixture, but the flux values did not change markedly with the PAAm‐g‐GG content in the blend membrane at the lower mass % water. At higher mass % of water, the flux values of the blends increase systematically with increasing amount of PAAm‐g‐GG in the blend polymer. For the 10 mass %‐containing binary mixtures, the pervaporation separation experiments were performed at 30, 40, and 50°C, and the resulting data were used to calculate the Arrhenius activation parameters. These data indicated activated pore‐type diffusion of the permeants in the membranes. Dynamic sorption studies were also performed on up to 40 mass % water–isopropyl alcohol mixtures at 30°C. These results, when analyzed by the empirical equation, indicated Fickian transport in all the cases. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2014–2024, 2002
Selected acute phase CSF factors in ischemic stroke: findings and prognostic value (2011)

According to present study the cerebrospinal fluid contents of interleukin-6 and nitrates seem to be the most reliable prognostic factors in acute phase of ischemic stroke.
Business valuation and taxes: procedure, law and perspective (2005)

Business valuation and taxes: procedure, law and perspective , Business valuation and taxes: procedure, law and perspective , کتابخانه دیجیتال و فن آوری اطلاعات دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)
Change of the structure of microemulsions with the hydrophile-lipophile balance of nonionic surfactant as revealed by NMR self-diffusion studies (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChange of the structure of microemulsions with the hydrophile-lipophile balance of nonionic surfactant as revealed by NMR self-diffusion studiesUlf Olsson, Kozo Shinoda, and Bjoern LindmanCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 17, 4083–4088Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100408a050https://doi.org/10.1021/j100408a050research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views714Altmetric-Citations168LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
The Ethernet Frame Payload Size and Its Effect on IPv4 and IPv6 Traffic (2008)

The IPv4 traffic characteristics are deeply related to the 1500 byte limit, a consequence of the payload capacity of the Ethernet frame. This paper describes how this limit may impact future IPv6 traffic and tests some aspects of traffic behavior for new values. To assess this, real IPv4 traffic was transformed to IPv6 traffic, with several simple assumptions. It is showed that in some circumstances, the change from IPv4 to IPv6 causes an overhead in terms of number of transmitted bytes that is irrelevant when compared to the overhead of the number of transmitted packets. Conclusions point to the possible existence of increased routing and switching effort resulting from the shift to the IPv6 protocol. The paper also suggests that a wider limit could decrease significantly the number of generated packets.
Microwave spectra in external-cavity semiconductor lasers: theoretical modeling of multipass resonances (1994)

We show theoretically that the behavior of an external-cavity semiconductor laser depends on the microscopic intensity distribution of the feedback light. Adapted rate equations are developed based on the traveling-wave model. This model successfully predicts the double-peaked structure of the external-cavity resonance (centered around c/2L) and multiple-pass resonances when the system is misaligned.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Fibre tracks: explaining investment in fibre optic backbones (2004)

This paper examines the US portion of the global communications network known as the Internet. The stages in the Internet's evolution, telecommunications deregulation, and a rush by new competitors to new market opportunities associated with the Internet combined to prompt a flurry of investment in new fibre-optic networks. Frameworks to explain new networks built upon, and added to, existing telecommunications networks include network economies and the opportunity-rich paths located between the large markets on the east and west coasts of the country and a capital-driven set of new and old network suppliers. The paper then reviews the small but growing body of research on the geographic structure of the Internet. The empirical section of the paper focuses on analyses of the variation among urban areas both in bandwidth on interurban Internet backbone networks and in the number of web design firms in the USA. Bandwidth investment was attracted not only to cities with larger populations but also to cities with ‘knowledge economies’, indicated by doctoral degree-granting institutions and economic dynamism. The paper concludes with remarks about future research priorities.
Correction: Longitudinal Study of Spatially Heterogeneous Emphysema Progression in Current Smokers with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (2012)

Background: Cigarette smoke is the main risk factor for emphysema, which is a key pathology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Low attenuation areas (LAA) in computed tomography (CT) images reflect emphysema, and the cumulative size distribution of LAA clusters follows a power law characterized by the exponent D. This property of LAA clusters can be explained by model simulation, where mechanical force breaks alveolar walls causing local heterogeneous lung tissue destruction. However, a longitudinal CT study has not investigated whether continuous smoking causes the spatially heterogeneous progression of emphysema.
Intercomparison of Global Model Precipitation Forecast Skill in 2010/11 Using the SEEPS Score (2012)

Abstract Precipitation forecasts from five global numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are verified against rain gauge observations using the new stable equitable error in probability space (SEEPS) score. It is based on a 3 × 3 contingency table and measures the ability of a forecast to discriminate between “dry,” “light precipitation,” and “heavy precipitation.” In SEEPS, the threshold defining the boundary between the light and heavy categories varies systematically with precipitation climate. Results obtained for SEEPS are compared to those of more well-known scores, and are broken down with regard to individual contributions from the contingency table. It is found that differences in skill between the models are consistent for different scores, but are small compared to seasonal and geographical variations, which themselves can be largely ascribed to the varying prevalence of deep convection. Differences between the tropics and extratropics are quite pronounced. SEEPS scores at forecast day 1 in the tropics are similar to those at day 6 in the extratropics. It is found that the model ranking is robust with respect to choices in the score computation. The issue of observation representativeness is addressed using a “quasi-perfect model” approach. Results suggest that just under one-half of the current forecast error at day 1 in the extratropics can be attributed to the fact that gridbox values are verified against point observations.
Clinical Role of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Adults with Pulmonary Disease (1990)

BAL remains a powerful investigative tool. In a short span of 20 yr, it has helped tremendously in understanding some of the aspects of the pathogenesis of diseases involving the lower respiratory tract. To realize its full potential in the diagnosis and management of diseases involving the lower respiratory tract, there is a great need for standardization of the technical aspects of BAL as well as processing and analysis of the BAL cellular- and fluid-phase components. Despite these hurdles, BAL has been found to be diagnostic in several infectious and noninfectious diseases involving the lower respiratory tract, and it provides valuable information that may be helpful in characterizing the prognosis and response to therapy in certain interstitial diseases of the lung. It is expected that with future research, in particular long-term prospective epidemiologic and clinical studies in pneumoconioses and in other interstitial lung disease, BAL will prove more valuable in the diagnosis and management of such disease.
Uveítis posterior por tuberculosis (2012)

Caso clinico: Presentamos a un varon de 54 anos que en 2002 consulta por deterioro de la agudeza visual (AV) por una vasculopatia isquemica periferica neovascularizante con hemovitreo inferior, envainamiento venoso periferico y coroiditis focal en ojo izquierdo [AV 0,2]. Tenia un mantoux de 20 mm, hipercalcemia e hipertransaminasemia. Entre 2004 y 2008 desarrolla en ojo derecho multiples desprendimientos del epitelio pigmentario, desprendimiento de retina seroso, vasculitis arterial, focos de coriorretinitis, exudados duros perimaculares y una membrana neovascular subretiniana [AV 0,4], diagnosticandose de uveitis posterior con vasculitis retiniana bilateral idiopatica. Ante la falta de respuesta al tratamiento inmunosupresor, se solicita QuantiFERON-TB Gold que resulta positivo. Se inicia tratamiento tuberculostatico y el cuadro mejora rapidamente, hasta su resolucion completa.

Discusion: El diagnostico de la uveitis por TBC presenta dificultades por falta de criterios clinicos estandarizados y problemas para interpretar las pruebas de laboratorio (2). Se debe recurrir a examenes microbiologicos e incluso plantear el tratamiento empirico en pacientes con alto indice de sospecha
Hydroxyethyl nylon, a new flexible superpolyamide derivative (1955)

Abstract Interesting new derivatives of nylon with unusual properties were prepared by treating nylon with ethylene oxide. These graft copolymers have greatly enhanced flexibility but still retain the high melting character of the original nylon. A hydroxyethyl 6‐6 nylon containing 50% combined ethylene oxide was found to be flexible and useful over a very large temperature range, the polymer having a melting point of 221°C. and an apparent second‐order transition point below −40°C. Analyses, carried out to study the distribution of combined ethylene oxide residues in these materials, indicated a tendency toward limited substitution of the nylon backbone and rather long average polyethylene glycol branch lengths. The distributions of the combined ethylene oxide residues are correlated with the nature of the starting materials. Synthetic methods, analyses, infrared spectra, solubilities, viscosity behavior, melting point and second‐order transition point data, stress‐elongation results, and moisture permeabilities of these materials are reported. The hydroxyethyl derivatives are more hydrophilic than the unsubstituted linear nylons. Hydroxyethyl nylon should also be considerably more stable than Type 8 nylon since it does not contain the labile N ‐methoxymethyl linkage. A striking contrast in properties exists between hydroxyethyl nylon and derivatives of nylon prepared in solution under homogeneous conditions. This difference in properties is attributed to a nonrandom distribution of branch sites along the chain in the case of hydroxyethyl nylon. This nonrandomness is due to the heterogeneous nature of the ethylene oxide‐nylon reaction and to the formation of primary hydroxyl groups which are more reactive toward ethylene oxide than the original amide NH groups.
Metabolic engineering of <i>Escherichia coli</i> for microbial production of L‐methionine (2016)

L-methionine has attracted a great deal of attention for its nutritional, pharmaceutical, and clinical applications. In this study, Escherichia coli W3110 was engineered via deletion of a negative transcriptional regulator MetJ and over-expression of homoserine O-succinyltransferase MetA together with efflux transporter YjeH, resulting in L-methionine overproduction which is up to 413.16 mg/L. The partial inactivation of the L-methionine import system MetD via disruption of metI made the engineered E. coli ΔmetJ ΔmetI/pTrcA*H more tolerant to high L-ethionine concentration and accumulated L-methionine to a level 43.65% higher than that of E. coli W3110 ΔmetJ/pTrcA*H. Furthermore, deletion of lysA, which blocks the lysine biosynthesis pathway, led to a further 8.5-fold increase in L-methionine titer of E. coli ΔmetJ ΔmetI ΔlysA/pTrcA*H. Finally, addition of Na<sub>2</sub> S<sub>2</sub> O<sub>3</sub> to the media led to an increase of fermentation titer of 11.45%. After optimization, constructed E. coli ΔmetJ ΔmetI ΔlysA/pTrcA*H was able to produce 9.75 g/L L-methionine with productivity of 0.20 g/L/h in a 5 L bioreactor. This novel metabolically tailored strain of E. coli provides an efficient platform for microbial production of L-methionine. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 843-851. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Flagellin Treatment Prevents Increased Susceptibility to Systemic Bacterial Infection after Injury by Inhibiting Anti-Inflammatory IL-10+ IL-12- Neutrophil Polarization (2014)

Severe trauma renders patients susceptible to infection. In sepsis, defective bacterial clearance has been linked to specific deviations in the innate immune response. We hypothesized that innate immune modulations observed during sepsis also contribute to increased bacterial susceptibility after severe trauma. A well-established murine model of burn injury, used to replicate infection following trauma, showed that wound inoculation with P. aeruginosa quickly spreads systemically. The systemic IL-10/IL-12 axis was skewed after burn injury with infection as indicated by a significant elevation in serum IL-10 and polarization of neutrophils into an anti-inflammatory ("N2"; IL-10(+) IL-12(-)) phenotype. Infection with an attenuated P. aeruginosa strain (ΔCyaB) was cleared better than the wildtype strain and was associated with an increased pro-inflammatory neutrophil ("N1"; IL-10(-)IL-12(+)) response in burn mice. This suggests that neutrophil polarization influences bacterial clearance after burn injury. Administration of a TLR5 agonist, flagellin, after burn injury restored the neutrophil response towards a N1 phenotype resulting in an increased clearance of wildtype P. aeruginosa after wound inoculation. This study details specific alterations in innate cell populations after burn injury that contribute to increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. In addition, for the first time, it identifies neutrophil polarization as a therapeutic target for the reversal of bacterial susceptibility after injury.
One Pot Synthesis of 5-Fluoro-2-hydroxy-hypnone (2005)

5-Fluoro-2-hydroxy-hypnone with yield of 88.9% was synthesized by one step, which can be used conveniently in chemical industrial application.
EMS equipment of the future. (1995)

Just Imagine ... NASA contracts you to design the next lunar module. Or General Motors solicits you to work on an entirely new approach to carrying luggage in cars that will come off the assembly line in the year 2020. You ask, what does this have to do with me? EMSAT, that's what. If you're involved in EMS, read on. It's your future.
Effect of atmospheric dust deposition on solar mirror reflectivity in different meteorological conditions (1992)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Cardiac effects of 3‐iodothyronamine: a new aminergic system modulating cardiac function (2007)

3-Iodothyronamine T1AM is a novel endogenous thyroid hormone derivative that activates the G protein-coupled receptor known as trace anime-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1). In the isolated working rat heart and in rat cardiomyocytes, T1AM produced a reversible, dose-dependent negative inotropic effect (e.g., 27+/-5, 51+/-3, and 65+/-2% decrease in cardiac output at 19, 25, and 38 microM concentration, respectively). An independent negative chronotropic effect was also observed. The hemodynamic effects of T1AM were remarkably increased in the presence of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, whereas they were attenuated in the presence of the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor vanadate. No effect was produced by inhibitors of protein kinase A, protein kinase C, calcium-calmodulin kinase II, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, or MAP kinases. Tissue cAMP levels were unchanged. In rat ventricular tissue, Western blot experiments with antiphosphotyrosine antibodies showed reduced phosphorylation of microsomal and cytosolic proteins after perfusion with synthetic T1AM; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction experiments revealed the presence of transcripts for at least 5 TAAR subtypes; specific and saturable binding of [125I]T1AM was observed, with a dissociation constant in the low micromolar range (5 microM); and endogenous T1AM was detectable by tandem mass spectrometry. In conclusion, our findings provide evidence for the existence of a novel aminergic system modulating cardiac function.
Mechanism of Reaction in NaAlCl4 Molten Salt Batteries with Nickel Felt Cathodes and Aluminum Anodes: I . Modeling of the Battery Properties at Thermodynamic Equilibrium (1993)

A theoretical description of the thermodynamic properties of the battery systems: and the corresponding system without chalcogen has been provided for cells with basic to slightly acidic melts containing small amounts of chalcogen. The model developed describes the equilibrium concentrations of constituent species in the electrolyte and equilibrium potentials of the electrodes vs. number of coulombs passed through the cells. For cells without chalcogen curves were calculated under the assumption of formation showing corresponding variation of anode potential, cathode potential, and cell voltage as a function of electrolyte composition. For sulfide containing cells the plateau of lowest potential has been found to be associated with essentially pure nickel sulfide, . A procedure for model fitting to the cathode potential curve‐form of the is presented. A general equation is proposed for the reaction taking place along the second plateau.
Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Cardiopulmonary Changes in Three Rat Strains: Inhibition by the Endothelin Receptor Antagonist SB 217242 (1998)

The cardiopulmonary profile of three different rat strains was compared after exposure to hypoxia (9% O2) for 0, 7, or 14 days. In Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar (W), and high altitude-sensitive (HAS) rats, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) rose 30, 58, and 85% respectively, after 7 days of hypoxia, and by 108, 116, and 167%, respectively, at 14 days compared to strain- and age-matched normoxic controls. Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), expressed as the ratio of right free wall/left wall + septum weight, in SD, W, and HAS was increased by 24, 53, and 48%, respectively, at 7 days, and by 51, 93, and 55% at 14 days compared to normoxic littermates. Histologically, marked medial thickening and luminal stenosis of small and medium-sized arteries were observed in all hypoxic rats, being most pronounced in the HAS rats at 14 days. Treatment of HAS rats with the ET receptor antagonist SB 217242 (3.6 or 10.8 mg/day i.p. by osmotic pump) significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced increases in PAP (70-75% decrease). RVH was inhibited by 40% at the dose of 10.8 mg/day. Histologically, the SB 217242-treated rats had almost "normal" small and medium-sized arteries, comparable to those of the normoxic HAS controls. This study demonstrates an exaggerated PAP response to chronic hypoxia in HAS compared to SD and W rats. The inhibitory influence of SB 217242 on the functional and morphologic changes induced by hypoxia provides further evidence for a role for ET and the potential utility of ET receptor antagonists in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
An estimate of the global minimum DV needed for earth-moon transfer (1991)

An estimate is found for a lower bound on the Delta V needed for any trajectory which starts at 167 km altitude circular earth orbit and ends in a 100 km altitude circular polar lunar orbit. The analysis used involves calculations of Jacobi's integral in a circular restricted three-body problem which approximates the earth-moon transfer problem. The result is an estimate that any such trajectory will require Delta Vs of at least 3099 km/s to leave the neighborhood of earth and at least 0.622 km/s to achieve the desired orbit around the moon, for a total of 3721 km/s.
Antifungal Activities of<i>Origanum</i><i>vulgare</i>subsp.<i>hirtum, Mentha spicata,</i><i>Lavandula angustifolia</i>, and<i>Salvia fruticosa</i>Essential Oils against Human Pathogenic Fungi (1998)

The essential oils of Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, Mentha spicata, Lavandula angustifolia, and Salvia fruticosa exhibited antifungal properties against the human pathogens Malassezia furfur, Trichophyton rubrum, and Trichosporon beigelii. Of the four oils, O. vulgare subsp. hirtum oil showed the highest fungicidal activity and at a dilution of 1/50000 caused a 95% reduction in the number of metabolically active cells within 6 h of exposure. Among the main components of the four oils, carvacrol and thymol exhibited the highest levels of antifungal activity. The therapeutic efficacy of the O. vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oil was tested in rats experimentally infected with T. rubrum and yielded promising results. Furthermore, the above essential oils were tested with the Ames test and did not exhibit any mutagenic activity. Keywords: Essential oils; Origanum vulgare; Mentha spicata; Lavandula angustifolia; Salvia fruticosa; Malassezia furfur; Trichophyton rubrum; Trichosporon beigelii; Dermatophytosis; antifungal; mutagenic; in vivo studies