gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optomechanical Dark Mode (2012)

Thermal mechanical motion hinders the use of a mechanical system in applications such as quantum information processing. Whereas the thermal motion can be overcome by cooling a mechanical oscillator to its motional ground state, an alternative approach is to exploit the use of a mechanically dark mode that can protect the system from mechanical dissipation. We have realized such a dark mode by coupling two optical modes in a silica resonator to one of its mechanical breathing modes in the regime of weak optomechanical coupling. The dark mode, which is a superposition of the two optical modes and is decoupled from the mechanical oscillator, can still mediate an effective optomechanical coupling between the two optical modes. We show that the formation of the dark mode enables the transfer of optical fields between the two optical modes. Optomechanical dark mode opens the possibility of using mechanically mediated coupling in quantum applications without cooling the mechanical oscillator to its motional ground state.
<title>Progress of an advanced diffusion source plasma reactor</title> (1991)

While the main thrust for downstream reactors has so far focussed on electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) sources operating at 2. 45MHz there are potential price versus performance advantages to be obtained from working in the more conventional 13. 56 MHz frequency regime with novel antenna structures. Desirable features such as high rate uniform etching with low bias capability are retained while others such as reactant use and field efficiency are improved. Progress towards a practical realization of such a reactor will be reported and results obtained in a test stand operation will be presented for a variety of materials and conditions.
Private Set Intersection for Unequal Set Sizes with Mobile Applications (2017)

Abstract Private set intersection (PSI) is a cryptographic technique that is applicable to many privacy-sensitive scenarios. For decades, researchers have been focusing on improving its efficiency in both communication and computation. However, most of the existing solutions are inefficient for an unequal number of inputs, which is common in conventional client-server settings. In this paper, we analyze and optimize the efficiency of existing PSI protocols to support precomputation so that they can efficiently deal with such input sets. We transform four existing PSI protocols into the precomputation form such that in the setup phase the communication is linear only in the size of the larger input set, while in the online phase the communication is linear in the size of the smaller input set. We implement all four protocols and run experiments between two PCs and between a PC and a smartphone and give a systematic comparison of their performance. Our experiments show that a protocol based on securely evaluating a garbled AES circuit achieves the fastest setup time by several orders of magnitudes, and the fastest online time in the PC setting where AES-NI acceleration is available. In the mobile setting, the fastest online time is achieved by a protocol based on the Diffie-Hellman assumption.
A Novel Quad-Polarization Agile Patch Antenna (2009)

In this communication we present a novel polarization-agile microstrip antenna design. To dynamically change the polarization state, the radiating patch is fed by a tunable quasi-lumped coupler. The whole structure can be dynamically altered to radiate electromagnetic waves with vertical linear, horizontal linear, right-handed circular or left-handed circular polarization simply by changing the operating mode of the quasi-lumped coupler. Due to its topology the coupler is simply reconfigured by switching the bias of two varactor diodes via a very simple DC bias circuitry: no additional capacitors or inductors are required. A prototype is fabricated with a 0.762-mm-thick upper layer substrate for the radiating element and a 0.130-mm-thick layer substrate for the coupler circuit, both with the same dielectric material relative permittivity of 2.22. The simulated and measured scattering parameters, the axial ratio in circular radiation-mode and the cross-polarization level in linear mode, the gain and the radiation patterns are presented. The agile polarization capabilities of this new antenna, as demonstrated in this communication, underscore its suitability for modern wireless communications in a multi-path propagation environment.
Threshold Extending Receiver Structures for CE-OFDM (2007)

Constant Envelope OFDM (CE-OFDM) alleviates the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in OFDM. However, since CE-OFDM is based on angle modulation, it is susceptible to the well known threshold effect. This paper considers several threshold extending receiver structures for CE-OFDM. The simple arctangent receiver [4] is compared to the conventional limiter-discriminator type FM receiver and a second-order phase locked loop structure. A novel cycle slip eliminator (CSE) is also developed to detect and cancel cycle slips and is shown to provide significant threshold extension. It is observed that the optimum receiver design depends on the CE-OFDM modulation index. The various schemes are compared in terms of threshold extension capability and complexity for a wide range of modulation indexes.
Introduction to Software Testing (2008)

Extensively class-tested, this textbook takes an innovative approach to software testing: it defines testing as the process of applying a few well-defined, general-purpose test criteria to a structure or model of the software. It incorporates the latest innovations in testing, including techniques to test modern types of software such as OO, web applications, and embedded software. The book contains numerous examples throughout. An instructor's solution manual, PowerPoint slides, sample syllabi, additional examples and updates, testing tools for students, and example software programs in Java are available on an extensive website.
Thermosensitive Self-Assembling Block Copolymers as Drug Delivery Systems (2011)

Self-assembling block copolymers (poloxamers, PEG/PLA and PEG/PLGA diblock and triblock copolymers, PEG/polycaprolactone, polyether modified poly(Acrylic Acid)) with large solubility difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties have the property of forming temperature dependent micellar aggregates and, after a further temperature increase, of gellifying due to micelle aggregation or packing. This property enables drugs to be mixed in the sol state at room temperature then the solution can be injected into a target tissue, forming a gel depot in-situ at body temperature with the goal of providing drug release control. The presence of micellar structures that give rise to thermoreversible gels, characterized by low toxicity and mucomimetic properties, makes this delivery system capable of solubilizing water-insoluble or poorly soluble drugs and of protecting labile molecules such as proteins and peptide drugs.
Identification of Inhibitors of Melittin Using Nonsupport-bound Combinatorial Libraries (1996)

A strategy has been developed for the identification of inhibitors of toxins or regulatory proteins. This approach is based on blocking the access of such proteins to their biological targets during their solution transport. This approach uses the strength of nonsupport-bound synthetic combinatorial libraries (SCLs) for the study of acceptor-ligand interactions. A non-receptor assisted toxin, melittin, was selected for the present study to illustrate this application of the SCL approach. Hexapeptide SCLs were assayed for their ability to inhibit the cytolytic activity of melittin toward bacterial and erythrocyte cells. Over 20 inhibitory hexapeptides were identified following the screening and deconvolution processes from millions of sequences. The identified inhibitory peptides appeared to interact directly with melittin. These interactions appear to decrease melittin's ability to undergo lipid- and/or polysaccharide-induced conformational changes, and are demonstrated by fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopy.
Passive detection of buried structures using elastic waves (2003)

An investigation of the feasibility of detecting structures buried underground through passive listening techniques will be presented. Passive detection of structures will be analyzed using elastic wave sources originating inside the structure and from sources exterior to the structure and on the surface. The primary method of investigation will be numerical models using the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD). A source inside the structure excites elastic waves in the structure, a portion of which travel upward along the walls of the structure and onward to the surface. An alternate form of excitation is a source such as a train, large vehicle, or an explosion located on the surface, away from the structure. Waves from this source interact with the structure and a portion of them travel up from the structure to the surface. An array of sensors is constructed to map the field at the surface and to determine the location and basic characteristics of the structure. Generally, structures examined will be on the order of the size of an underground tunnel complex or buried room and elastic wave sources will be in the low frequency range of large machinery or vehicles.
Speed versus accuracy in visual search: Optimal performance and neural architecture (2015)

Searching for objects among clutter is a key ability of the visual system. Speed and accuracy are the crucial performance criteria. How can the brain trade off these competing quantities for optimal performance in different tasks? Can a network of spiking neurons carry out such computations, and what is its architecture? We propose a new model that takes input from V1-type orientation-selective spiking neurons and detects a target in the shortest time that is compatible with a given acceptable error rate. Subject to the assumption that the output of the primary visual cortex comprises Poisson neurons with known properties, our model is an ideal observer. The model has only five free parameters: the signal-to-noise ratio in a hypercolumn, the costs of false-alarm and false-reject errors versus the cost of time, and two parameters accounting for nonperceptual delays. Our model postulates two gain-control mechanisms--one local to hypercolumns and one global to the visual field--to handle variable scene complexity. Error rate and response time predictions match psychophysics data as we vary stimulus discriminability, scene complexity, and the uncertainty associated with each of these quantities. A five-layer spiking network closely approximates the optimal model, suggesting that known cortical mechanisms are sufficient for implementing visual search efficiently.
Noise figure of the MCP image intensifier tube (1975)

Expressions are obtained for the noise figure of the photoelectric image intensifier type of tube using a microchannel plate in the linear gain mode, including effects of dark current and ionic or optical feedback in the MCP, and of the same device using the MCP in an electron-counting mode. Comparison shows that the latter should be a preferable mode of operation, if practical problems can be overcome.
Optical-phonon states of SiC small particles studied by Raman scattering and infrared absorption (1989)

The particle-size dependence of frequencies and dampings of optical phonons is studied from analyses of Raman-scattering and infrared-absorption spectra of SiC small particles. The particle size ranges from a few nanometers to more than 1 \ensuremath{\mu}m. The measured spectra are explained qualitatively in terms of a model of a core plasmon and a carrier-free layer on the surface (shell) of the particles, provided that their sizes are larger than about 30 nm. Here we use Mie's scattering equation or the averaged dielectric function of Maxwell-Garnet. The thickness of the shell is 5--40 nm depending on the sample. If the particle size is smaller than about 200 nm, phonon parameters, such as the TO-phonon frequency (${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{T}$), the LO-phonon frequency (${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}$) and their dampings, depend on the particle size rather than on the size of the crystallites which constitute the particle. For smaller particles, both ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{T}$ and ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}$-${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{T}$ become smaller and the damping of the phonon becomes larger. The decrease in ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{T}$ and increase in the phonon damping are correlated with the lattice imperfection near the surface. The decrease in ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}$-${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{T}$ is related to the absence of a contribution to the macroscopic electric field from the hypothetical atoms outside the particle and to the existence of the surface layer which gives little contribution to the macroscopic field. For particle sizes of a few nanometers, the absorption spectrum exhibits a combination of a crystal-like component and a broad symmetric line as expected for amorphous materials. The origin of the latter is attributed to the ``surface layer,'' which is about 1 nm thick with lattice imperfection.
Scheduling algorithms for multicast traffic in TDM/WDM networks with arbitrary tuning latencies (2002)

We consider all-optical TDM/WDM broadcast and select networks. We assume that each network node is equipped with one fixed transmitter and one tunable receiver; tuning times are assumed to be not negligible with respect to the slot time. We discuss efficient scheduling algorithms to assign TDM/WDM slots to multicast traffic in such networks. Given the problem complexity, heuristic algorithms based on the Tabu Search methodology are proposed, and their performance is assessed using randomly created request matrices based on two types of multicast traffic patterns: a video-conference, and a server distribution traffic pattern. The considered performance index is the frame length required to schedule a given traffic request matrix.
New, general synthesis of 2-, 8-, and 9-substituted adenines (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew, general synthesis of 2-, 8-, and 9-substituted adeninesEdward Curtis Taylor, George P. Beardsley, and Yoshifumi MakiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 21, 3211–3217Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00820a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00820a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views322Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The PRIAMO study: A multicenter assessment of nonmotor symptoms and their impact on quality of life in Parkinson's disease (2009)

We performed a multicenter survey using a semistructured interview in 1,072 consecutive patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) enrolled during 12 months in 55 Italian centers to assess the prevalence of nonmotor symptoms (NMSs), their association with cognitive impairment, and the impact on patients' quality of life (QoL). We found that 98.6% of patients with PD reported the presence of NMSs. The most common were as follows: fatigue (58%), anxiety (56%), leg pain (38%), insomnia (37%), urgency and nocturia (35%), drooling of saliva and difficulties in maintaining concentration (31%). The mean number of NMS per patient was 7.8 (range, 0-32). NMS in the psychiatric domain were the most frequent (67%). Frequency of NMS increased along with the disease duration and severity. Patients with cognitive impairment reported more frequently apathy, attention/memory deficit, and psychiatric symptoms. Apathy was the symptom associated with worse PDQ-39 score but also presence of fatigue, attention/memory, and psychiatric symptoms had a negative impact on QoL. These findings further support a key role for NMS in the clinical frame of PD and the need to address them specifically in clinical trials using dedicated scales.
THE SYNTHESIS OF SOME BASIC DIPHENYL ETHERS (1962)

not available
p95HER2 and Breast Cancer (2011)

A subtype of HER2-positive tumors with distinct biological and clinical features expresses a series of carboxy-terminal fragments collectively known as p95HER2. One of these fragments, named 100- to 115-kDa p95HER2 or 611-CTF, is hyperactive because of its ability to form homodimers maintained by intermolecular disulfide bonds. Despite lacking the majority of the extracellular domain, this HER2 fragment drives breast cancer progression in vivo. The recent availability of specific anti-p95 antibodies has confirmed previous results indicating that the expression of p95HER2 is predictive of poor prognosis and correlates with resistance to the treatment with trastuzumab, a therapeutic antibody directed against the extracellular domain of HER2.
Synthesis and Magnetic Analysis of mi Oxamido-Bridged Cu(II)-Fe(II) Heterodinuclear Complexes (2005)

Five new copper(II)-iron(II) heterodinuclear complexes bridged by the dianion of N,N'-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]oxamido (dmoxpn) and end-capped with 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy); 1,10-phenanthroline (phen); 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (NO 2 -Phen); 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline (Cl-phen) or 5-bromo-1,10-phenanthroline (Br-phen); namely [Cu(dmoxpn)FeL 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 (L = bpy, phen, NO 2 -phen, Cl-phen, Br-phen), have been synthesized and characterized. Based on elemental analyses, magnetic moments (at room temperature), molar conductivity measurements, and spectroscopic studies, extended oxamido-bridged structures consisting of a copper(II) ion and an iron(II) ion, which have a square-planar environment and an octahedral environment, respectively, are proposed for these complexes. The [Cu(dmoxpn)Fe(bpy) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 (1) and [Cu(dmoxpn)Fe(phen) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 (2) complexes have been further characterized by variable temperature magnetic susceptibility (4.2∼300 K) and the observed data were least-squares fitted to the susceptibility equation derived from the spin Hamiltonian including single-ion zero-field interaction for the iron(II)ion, H = -2J 1 , S 2 - DS 2 Z 1 , giving the exchange integrals J =-15.9 cm - 1 for (1) and J =-17.5 cm - 1 for(2). These resultsindicated that the spin coupling between the adjacent copper(II) and iron(II) ions through oxamido-bridge in both complexes (1) and (2) is antiferromagnetic. The influence of methyl (-CH 3 ) substituents in the bridging ligand on magnetic interactions between the metal ions of this kind of complexes is also discussed.
Discovery and structure-activity relationships of novel alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone inhibitors. (1992)

Novel D-amino acid modified, hexapeptide inhibitors of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2, alpha-MSH) are described. The discovery of the alpha-MSH inhibitory activity of a known somatotropin (growth hormone) secretagogue, H-His-D-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 ([His1, Lys6-]GHRP, I), and its chemical similarity to the alpha-MSH6-11 sequence provided the impetus to investigate the structure-activity relationships of MSH-GHRP hybrid analogues. In this study we compared the melanotropic activity of a series of peptides of the generic formula H-His-Xaa-Yaa-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 (H-[Xaa7, Yaa8, D-Phe10] alpha-MSH6-11-NH2) on the R. pipiens (frog) and A. carolinensis (lizard) skin in vitro bioassays. In summary, D-Phe7-Ala8 substitution (II) in the heptapeptide template yielded an MSH-like agonist of moderately low potency (EC50 ca. 10(-6) M) relative to alpha-MSH; D-Ala7-Ala8 substitution (III) abolished agonist or antagonist activity. alpha-MSH inhibition was effected by MSH-GHRP analogues having D-Trp7-Ala8, D-Arg7-Ala8, D-Trp7-Arg8 or Phe7-Arg8 substitutions. The D-Trp7-Ala8 and Phe7-Arg8 modified derivatives (I and VI) selectively inhibited alpha-MSH on the R. pipiens assay (pA2 = 4.7 and 5.8, respectively), as they did not possess antagonist (or agonist) activities on the A. carolinensis assay. In contrast, the D-Arg7-Ala8 and D-Trp7-Arg8 modified derivatives (IV and V) inhibited alpha-MSH on both the R. pipiens and A. carolinensis assays (pA2 values ranging 5.0-6.0).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PTEN Activation by DNA Damage Induces Protective Autophagy in Response to Cucurbitacin B in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells (2016)

Cucurbitacin B (Cuc B), a natural product, induced both protective autophagy and DNA damage mediated by ROS while the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored the mechanism of Cuc B-induced DNA damage and autophagy. Cuc B decreased cell viability in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Cuc B caused long comet tails and increased expression of <i>γ</i>-H<sub>2</sub>AX, phosphorylation of ATM/ATR, and Chk1/Chk2. Cuc B induced autophagy as evidenced by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, increased expression of LC3II, phosphorylated ULK1, and decreased expression of phosphorylated AKT, mTOR. Cuc B induced apoptosis mediated by Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase activation. Furthermore, Cuc B induced ROS formation, which was inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). NAC pretreatment dramatically reversed Cuc B-induced DNA damage, autophagy, and apoptosis. Cuc B-induced apoptosis was reversed by NAC but enhanced by 3-methyladenine (3-MA), chloroquine (CQ), and silencing phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). 3-MA and CQ showed no effect on Cuc B-induced DNA damage. In addition, Cuc B increased PTEN phosphorylation and silence PTEN restored Cuc B-induced autophagic protein expressions without affecting DNA damage. In summary, Cuc B induced DNA damage, apoptosis, and protective autophagy mediated by ROS. PTEN activation in response to DNA damage bridged DNA damage and prosurvival autophagy.
Effects of Degradations on Deep Neural Network Architectures (2018)

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have massively influenced recent advances in large-scale image classification. More recently, a dynamic routing algorithm with capsules (groups of neurons) has shown state-of-the-art recognition performance. However, the behavior of such networks in the presence of a degrading signal (noise) is mostly unexplored. An analytical study on different network architectures toward noise robustness is essential for selecting the appropriate model in a specific application scenario. This paper presents an extensive performance analysis of six deep architectures for image classification on six most common image degradation models. In this study, we have compared VGG-16, VGG-19, ResNet-50, Inception-v3, MobileNet and CapsuleNet architectures on Gaussian white, Gaussian color, salt-and-pepper, Gaussian blur, motion blur and JPEG compression noise models.