gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PMD Based Mobile Node Position Monitoring (2006)

In this paper, we present first simulation results of the 3-dimensional, non-scanning, and non-coherent PMD (Photonic Mixer Device) imaging sensor to monitor the complete 6 degrees of freedom (DoF) of a mobile sensor node. The varying pose values of the node are measured directly from the 3-dimensional image sequences. As with a 3-D laser range finder, the system estimates 3-D position of the given markers with respect to the sensor node coordinate frame in real-time. The 3-D position of a minimum set of three markers fixed on the mobile node coordinate system is tracked by the PMD camera at a high frame rate to estimate the full 6 DoF of the moving node. The PMD does not have moving parts. The range of the sensor is a function of the modulation frequency of the transmitted light. In this paper a non- ambiguous range of 7.5 m at 20 MHz was considered in order to match the specifications of the existing PMD prototype. The pose estimation algorithm is a closed form solution and has no iterative loop, therefore the update rate is high and close to the sensor 3-D data acquisition rate.
A Steady‐State Kinetic Investigation of the Reaction Mechanism of the Tryptophan Synthetase of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1970)

The initial rate of glyceraldehyde‐ P formation catalyzed by the tryptophan synthetase of Escherichia coli from indole‐3‐glycerol‐ P has been measured as a function of the concentrations of indole‐glycerol‐ P , serine, tryptophan, and indole. The conversion of indole‐glycerol‐ P to indole and glyceraldehyde‐ P is proposed to proceed by the ordered sequential release from the enzyme of indole followed by glyceraldehyde‐ P . Tryptophan does not appreciably inhibit this reaction. Tryptophan formation is proposed to occur by the random sequential addition of serine and indole‐glycerol‐ P to the enzyme. Tryptophan is a product inhibitor of the reaction, apparently combining with the free enzyme and also forming an enzyme‐(indole‐glycerol‐ P )‐tryptophan deadend complex. Indole inhibits non‐competitively with respect to both indole‐glycerol‐ P and serine, and is proposed to combine with the free enzyme and with the enzyme having bound indole‐glycerol‐ P , serine, or both substrates. The implications of the results for the catalytic center and subunit structure of the enzyme are discussed.
Spectral response calculations of rugate filters (1987)

All gradient-index optical filter calculations may be made using the characteristic matrix approach by dividing the index profile into many small homogeneous index layers. This attests to the versatility of the characteristic matrix technique. However, a disadvantage is the computation time required for thick filters and possibly the lack of insight for certain types of gradient-index structure. The coupled-wave theory (variation of constants) has been used to derive a closed-form expression for the reflection of filters having periodic index variation. Boundary conditions are used to account for arbitrary substrate and incident media. The total complex electric field is resolved into left- and right-traveling components. Such an approach makes it convenient to derive the amplitude reflection coefficient as well as the electric field standing waves inside the structure. The results are also used to predict an optical monitor response during deposition of such gradient-index structures. The computational time for the spectral response is independent of the number of periods or filter thickness. Consequently, for thick filters the computer computation time may be orders of magnitude faster than the characteristic matrix approach.
Studies of a Polymer Melt in an Orthogonal Rheometer (1965)

A method has been developed for measuring three orthogonal forces in a polymer melt subjected to shear. Data are presented showing the relationship of these forces to shear rate for linear polyethylene. It has been found possible to measure the elastic and viscous forces while varying the shear rate in two different independent manners: (1) by varying the time scale of applying a given magnitude of shear deformation; (2) by varying the magnitude of shear deformation for a given time scale of application. Method number one results in the usual nonlinear relationship between shear stress and shear rate for polymer melts. Method number two results in a linear relationship between shear stress and shear rate thus making it possible to determine a single value of the coefficient of viscosity for any given time scale of application of shear strain. By varying the time scale of strain application, it has been found possible to measure polymer melt viscosities from essentially the zero shear rate viscosity to the disentangled viscosity.
Demo Abstract: PCP: The Personal Commute Portal (2008)

The Personal Commute Portal (PCP) is a Web-based traffic information system that provides a good driving direction and personalized route recommendation using historical and real-time traffic data obtained by a vehicular sensor network.
Maternal C-reactive protein and preterm labor. (1987)

Maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured in 109 pregnant women: 34 who were in labor before 35 weeks, 25 who were in labor at term and 50 who were not in labor. CRP values were correlated with outcome of tocolysis and with gestational age. Among 34 women in preterm labor, a CRP of greater than of equal to 0.8 mg/dL had a sensitivity of 85% (17/20) and a value of 81% (17/21) in predicting delivery within one week. Ten of the 14 who delivered more than one week following tocolysis had a CRP less than 0.8 mg/dL (71% specificity). Maternal CRP of greater than or equal to 0.8 mg/dL identifies a subgroup of women in preterm labor at highest risk of preterm delivery.
Thermodynamic properties and interfacial tension of a model water–carbon dioxide system (2002)

We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of liquid–liquid and liquid–vapor interfaces between bulk water and carbon dioxide. Interfacial systems, constructed from periodically replicated slabs, were studied at different pressures and temperatures by means of npT and nVT MD. Constant-pressure runs of 3, 1.2, and 0.3 nanoseconds were used to estimate the water–CO2 interfacial tension at 284.5 K and 298 K for a liquid–liquid system comprising 108 SPC water molecules and 108 three-site CO2 molecules. The liquid–vapor interface was studied under nVT conditions using 108 water molecules and 32 CO2 molecules. Interfacial tension was obtained from the difference between pressure components normal and tangential to the interface. The results showed a surprisingly (CO2 potential used has been never optimized for water–CO2 interaction) good agreement with experimental data; our model system also reproduced the pressure–temperature relationship of the interfacial tension. A second liquid–liquid system of 256 SPC water and 108 CO2 molecules was tested for temperature persistence of the interface at higher pressures (100 atm and 300 atm). The results of the simulation prove the feasibility of using the model system to predict the key properties of liquid–liquid water–carbon dioxide interface under widely varying conditions, including those relevant for deep-sea disposal of carbon dioxide.
Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in canine malignant mammary tumors (2015)

Mammary tumors are the most common type of tumor in dogs, with approximately half of these tumors being malignant. Hypoxia, characterized by oxygen levels below normal, is a known adverse factor to cancer treatment. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a central regulator of the pathophysiological response of mammalian cells to low oxygen levels. HIF-1α activates the transcription of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which in turn promotes angiogenesis through its ability to stimulate the growth, migration and invasion of endothelial cells to form new blood vessels, contributing to tumor progression. In this study, we evaluated the serum concentration and gene expression of VEGF and HIF-1α linking them with clinicopathological parameters and survival of dogs with mammary tumors in order to infer the possible prognostic value of these factors. We collected blood and tumor fragments of 24 female dogs with malignant mammary tumors (study group) and 26 non-affected female dogs (control group) to verify the gene expression of VEGF and HIF-1α by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and the serum levels by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent). The results showed high serum levels of VEGF in the study group and its correlation between abundant vascularization, lymph node involvement, metastasis, death rate and low survival (p<0.05). The serum percentage of HIF-1α in female dogs with mammary neoplasia was lower than that in the control group and higher in female dogs with tumor metastasis and history of tumor recurrence (p<0.05). Regarding gene expression, there was a gene overexpression of VEGFA in female dogs with poor outcome, in contrast to the gene underexpression of HIF-1A. Taken together, these results suggested that VEGF is important in tumor progression and can be used as a potential prognostic marker in the clinic and may be useful in predicting tumor progression in dogs with mammary neoplasia.
Photolysis of Nitrous Oxide. II. 1470 and 1830 A (1962)

The photolysis of N15NO and NN15O have been investigated using 1470- and 1830-A light. The products include small amounts of N230, as well as N229. The appearance of N230 shows that there are two primary processes occurring, one of which is the dissociation to a nitrogen atom and a nitric oxide molecule, the other dissociation to an oxygen atom and a nitrogen molecule. In addition, at 1470 A a photoexcited molecule is formed which is capable of dissociating another nitrous oxide molecule.
Polyurea RIM-A Versatile High Performance Material (1986)

Polyurethane elastomers were the first products to find wide commercial use in the RIM process. Recently, the advent of a new chain extender, diethyltolu enediamine (DETDA), provided another class of commercially useful RIM elas tomers. These materials are best classified as polyurethane/urea elastomers. We have been working on the next logical step in this evolution: amine- terminated polyether resins with amine chain extenders. These are best classi fied as polyurea elastomers. Amine-terminated polyether resins, or polyether polyamines, can replace the polyol in a RIM formulation. These materials are much more reactive than pol yols, and their composition can be varied more easily than conventional RIM polyols. Thus, these products can be tailored to meet the performance require ments of a particular end use more easily than polyols. The use of amine-terminated polyether products in RIM applications brings a new dimension to the RIM process. Depending on the choice of amine termi nated polyether amine, one can formulate systems covering a broad range of properties from elastomeric materials to rigid materials. Elastomeric materials are made by having a small amount of hard segment in a block-copolymer in conjunction with a polyether diamine. These elasto meric materials can be more closely tailored to meet a specific physical prop erty by either adjusting the formulation or by adjusting the density of the polymer. Very rigid materials can also be made by increasing the amount of hard seg ment in the block-copolymer in conjunction with a polyether triamine. High levels of an aromatic diamine chain extender can be used with the polyether triamine.
Novel <i>MYBL1</i> Gene Rearrangements with Recurrent <i>MYBL1–NFIB</i> Fusions in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinomas Lacking t(6;9) Translocations (2015)

Our study defines new molecular subclasses of ACC characterized by MYBL1 rearrangements and 5'-NFIB gene fusions.
A graphene-like metallic cathode host for long-life and high-loading lithium–sulfur batteries (2015)

Nanostructured sulfur host materials that embrace both high electronic conductivity and strong chemisorption towards polysulfides are central to enable high performance Li–S batteries.
Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis with Lactobacilli (1991)

​Sexually Transmitted Diseases publishes peer-reviewed, original articles on clinical, laboratory, immunologic, epidemiologic, behavioral, public health, and historical topics pertaining to sexually transmitted diseases and related fields. Reports from the CDC and NIH provide up-to-the-minute information. A highly respected editorial board is composed of prominent scientists who are leaders in this rapidly changing field. Included in each issue are studies and developments from around the world.
Is acute myeloid leukemia a liquid tumor? (2013)

Extramedullary manifestations of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were described as early as the 19th century. However, the incidence, clinical significance and pathobiology of extramedullary AML remain ill defined. We reviewed case reports, retrospective case series, pilot studies and imaging studies of extramedullary leukemia (EML) to determine its frequency, characteristics, clinical presentation and significance. EML precedes or accompanies development of AML and occurs during or following treatment, even during remission. Although imaging studies are rarely conducted and the true incidence of EML has yet to be verified, authors have reported several estimates based on retrospective and autopsy studies. The incidence of EML in patients with AML of all ages is estimated to be about 9% and EML in children with AML was detected in 40% of patients at diagnosis. The combination of positron emission tomography and computed tomography were the most sensitive and reliable techniques of detecting and monitoring EML. Based on our literature review, the frequency of EML is likely underreported. The well-documented nature of EML in patients with AML suggests that AML can manifest as a solid tumor. The extent to which EML accompanies AML and whether EML is derived from bone marrow are unknown. Furthermore, questions remain regarding the role of the microenvironment, which may or may not facilitate the survival and proliferation of EML, and the implications of these interactions with regard to minimal residual disease, tumor cell quiescence and relapse. Therefore, prospective studies of detection and characterization of EML in patients with AML are warranted.
Consecutive scanning based obstacle detection and probabilistic navigation of a mobile robot (2004)

This paper presents the obstacle detection algorithm based on the consecutive range sensor scanning scheme and the probabilistic navigation for an mobile robot. For a known environment, a mobile robot scans the environment using the range sensor which can rotate 360/spl deg/. The environment is rebuilt using nodes of two adjacent walls, and an obstacle is detected by comparing characteristic points of both the known environment and the scanned data set. It is very useful for detecting the moving obstacle. By comparing two data sets, the movement of an obstacle is extracted. Furthermore, the consecutive scanning data set provides obstacle information in unknown environment. Geometric comparison between the two consecutive data sets is used to detect the obstacles and the algorithm is presented with both simulation and experimental results. After the obstacle information is extracted from the consecutive scanning, the path is rebuilt by checking the collision probability.
Microarchitectural Support for Speculative Register Renaming (2007)

This paper proposes and evaluates a new microarchitecture for out-of-order processors that supports speculative renaming. We call speculative renaming to the speculative omission of physical register allocation along with the speculative early release of physical registers. These renaming policies may cause a register operand not to be kept in the physical register file (PRF). Thus, we add a low-ported auxiliary register file (XRF) located outside the processor core that keeps the values absent in PRF and supplies them at higher latency. To support the location of register operands being either in PRF or XRF, we use virtual registers. We consider omission and release policies directed by hardware prediction. Namely, we use a single last-use predictor that directs both speculative omission and release. We call this mechanism SR-LUP (speculative renaming based on last-use prediction). Two last-use predictor designs of incremental complexity and performance are analyzed. In a 256-ROB, 8-way processor with an 80int+80fp PRF, SR-LUP with an 11-port 256int+256fp XRF, speeds up computations up to 11.5% and 29% for INT and FP SPEC2K benchmarks, respectively. For FP benchmarks, if the PRF limits the clock frequency, a conventionally managed 128int+128fp PRF can be replaced using SR-LUP by a 64int+64fp PRF backed up with a 10-port 224int+224fp XRF, showing 19% IPS gain.
A 12-week treatment for dermatophyte toe onychomycosis terbinafine 250mg/day vs. itraconazole 200mg/day-a double-blind comparative trial (1996)

Lamisil (terbinafine) 250 mg daily and itraconazole 200 mg daily were compared in the treatment of dermatophyte toe onychomycosis over 12 weeks in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. At the end of follow-up (week 48) treatment with Lamisil led to negative mycology in 73% of patients compared with 45.8% in the itraconazole group (P < 0.0001). Globally the clinical symptoms of the target nail improved, a response which was in favour of Lamisil (P = 0.001). The percentages of patients who were clinically totally cured or who presented with only minimal symptoms were 76.3% for the Lamisil-treated group compared with 58.1% in the itraconazole group. The unaffected nail length for big toes was significantly higher in the Lamisil-treated group (9.1 mm vs. 7.7 mm; P = 0.0298). Onycholysis was also less in the Lamisil group (P = 0.001). We conclude that 12 weeks' continuous oral therapy leads to higher cure rates with Lamisil than with itraconazole and that both drugs are equally well tolerated.
Guidelines to Decortication in Posterolateral Spine Fusion (1998)

Despite the development of innovative approaches and the general success that has been achieved with spinal fusion, the rate of nonunion in some studies has been reported as high as 35%. Decortication has been shown to promote the fusion process and provides not only a rich source of vascular supply from the underlying cancellous bone, but also access to pluripotent stem cells within the marrow. Although the blood supply to the lumbar spine has been described, little attention has been paid to relevant areas of the spine most affected by decortication during the posterolateral fusion process. To assess these areas of the spine and attribute some potential importance to spinal fusion outcome, a perfusion study was designed to delineate the vascular anatomy involved in a decortication procedure. Cadaver spines were perfused with a radiopaque contrast material, fixed, decalcified, and cleared en bloc by the method of Spalteholz. Transverse, sagittal, and coronal slabs were made and the vascular supply was documented. The dominant intraosseous architecture of the vertebra reflected a cancellous bone structure, characterized by marrow and a sinusoidal blood distribution within a trabecular matrix. A contrasting architecture could be differentiated in the pars interarticularis that was more consistent with dense, cortical bone. Matrix from this region typified haversian lamellar bone and exhibited parallel osteons that contained a central vascular component. The relevance of this variance could have multiple implications, given the differences between cortical and cancellous bone in function, formation, healing, and remodeling. In posterolateral intertransverse process arthrodesis, the transverse processes and lateral facets are good areas to be decorticated, whereas the pars interarticularis is less attractive.
Free Radical Generation from High-Frequency Electromechanical Dissociation of Pure Water (2020)

We reveal a unique mechanism by which pure water can be dissociated to form free radicals without requiring catalysts, electrolytes, or electrode contact by means of high-frequency nanometer-amplitude electromechanical surface vibrations in the form of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) generated on a piezoelectric substrate. The physical undulations associated with these mechanical waves, in concert with the evanescent electric field arising from the piezoelectric coupling, constitute half-wavelength "nanoelectrochemical cells" in which liquid is trapped within the SAW potential minima with vertical dimensions defined by the wave amplitude (∼10 nm), thereby forming highly confined polarized regions with intense electric field strengths that enable the breakdown of water. The ions and free radicals that are generated rapidly electromigrate under the high field intensity in addition to being convectively transported away from the cells by the bulk liquid recirculation generated by the acoustic excitation, thereby overcoming mass transport limitations that lead to ion recombination.
<i>ASS1</i> as a Novel Tumor Suppressor Gene in Myxofibrosarcomas: Aberrant Loss via Epigenetic DNA Methylation Confers Aggressive Phenotypes, Negative Prognostic Impact, and Therapeutic Relevance (2013)

Our findings highlight ASS1 as a novel tumor suppressor in myxofibrosarcomas, with loss of expression linked to promoter methylation, clinical aggressiveness, and sensitivity to ADI-PEG20.
Crystallographic Investigations of Biotin and Carboxybiotin Derivatives<sup>a</sup> (1985)

The structures of a family of biotin and carboxybiotin derivatives have provided information on the mechanism of biotin action. The ureido moiety of the uncarboxylated cofactor is polarized and able to interact with ions and polar molecules; intermolecular interactions in the biotin derivatives suggest biochemical mechanisms resulting in nucleophilic activation to the enol tautomer. N1' carboxylation of biotin is important not only as a chemical reaction to generate the carboxyl-transferring species, carboxybiotin, but also in acting as a switch to depolarize the ureido carbonyl oxygen, and thereby facilitating interactions with non-polar molecules. The structure of an N1' methoxycarbonyl biotin derivative reveals such an interaction between the carbonyl oxygen, O2', and a neighboring methyl group. A computer-generated space-filing model of the van der Waals contacts involved in this interaction reveals that the methyl group is locked with respect to rotation and thus suggests a structural basis for the stereospecificity observed in the carboxyl-transferring half-reaction. The flexibility of the valeryl side chains in this family of structures provides translocation models in line with magnetic resonance data which indicate that the translocation events involve motions of, at most, 7 A. Our models demonstrate that such motions may be accomplished by simple, observed conformational changes in bonds of the valeryl side chain which locally adjoin the bicyclic ring system. High resolution, low temperature diffraction data will allow visualization of the bonding and lone pair electrons in biotin. These studies will serve to extend and fine-tune our description of the electronic structure of biotin which is currently based on accurate measurements of bond distances and angles.
Non-binary LDPC codes over finite division near rings (2016)

It is almost always assumed that the algebraic structure underlying non-binary Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes are Finite Fields. However, when considering non-binary LDPC belief-propagation (BP) decoding, Finite Fields are actually over constrained. In this contribution, we discuss the minimal requirements of the algebraic structure used for non-binary LDPC decoding which we denote Finite Division Near Ring over a Subtractive Near Group. To verify the requirements, a general Min-Max decoding algorithm is derived that incorporates any algebraic structure fulfilling this minimal requirement set. It is shown that by relaxing the mathematical constraints, the decoding performance of non-binary LDPC codes can be incrementally improved compared to a Finite-Field-based LDPC code without any additional hardware cost.