gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summary of Results Using the Nucleus CI24M Implant to Record the Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential (1999)

Using the protocol outlined in this study, it is possible to reliably record EAP responses from most subjects and for most electrodes in Nucleus CI24M cochlear implant users. These responses are robust and recording these responses does not require that the subject sleep or remain still. Based on these results, a specific protocol is proposed for measurement of the EAP using the NRT system of the CI24M cochlear implant. Potential clinical implications of these results are discussed.
Results of a Nationwide Survey to Determine Feedstuffs Fed to Lactating Dairy Cows (1999)

A nationwide survey to determine feedstuffs used in the diets of dairy cows was conducted. This survey was mailed to dairy nutritionists at universities in each state to describe the use of 144 feedstuffs. Twenty-eight states responded and were grouped by region as follows: Northeast (Maine, Maryland, New Hampshire, New York, Ohio, Vermont, and West Virginia), Northwest (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington), Midwest (Iowa, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin), Southeast (Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia), and Southwest (Arizona, Oklahoma, and Texas). Comparisons of the feedstuffs most commonly fed, the maximum inclusion rate of feedstuffs in the diet, and how these feedstuffs were fed (alone or in a mixed diet) were made. The maximum percentage fed was also reported. Overall, concentrate feeds were fed blended with other ingredients more often (98.7% of the time) than forages (67.8% of the time). Also, forage was fed at a higher percentage (42.3%) of the total diet relative to individual concentrate ingredients (16.3%). Corn silage, soybean meal, corn grain, alfalfa hay, and grass hay were common feeds across all regions. However, the use of by-product feeds was variable depending on local availability.
Effect of artificial surfactant on pulmonary function in preterm and full-term lambs (1990)

We hypothesized that agents very different from surfactant may still support lung function. To test this hypothesis, we instilled FC-100, a fluorocarbon, and Tween 20, a detergent, which have higher minimum surface tensions and less hysteresis than surfactant, into 15 full-term and 14 preterm lambs. FC-100 and Tween 20 were as efficient as natural surfactant in improving gas exchange and compliance in preterm lambs with respiratory failure. Dynamic compliance correlated with the equilibrium surface tension of the alveolar wash in both full-term (P less than 0.02) and preterm (P less than 0.008) lambs. Functional residual capacity in full-term and preterm lambs was lower after treatment with the two test agents than with surfactant, findings consistent with qualitative histology. Oxygenation in full-term lambs correlated with mean lung volumes (P less than 0.003), suggesting that the hysteresis and/or low minimum surface tension of surfactant may improve mean lung volume, and hence oxygenation, by maintaining functional residual capacity. The effects of the test agents suggest that agents with biophysical properties different from surfactant may still aid lung expansion.
Spectral transmission characteristics and chromatic dispersion of uv optical fibers (1975)

Schott's uv fiber optics with special organic cladding are supposed to increase the spectral transmission response at lower wavelengths. However, it was observed that chromatic dispersion occurred when certain geometrical arrangements of the fiber were made. Spectral transmission characteristics were analyzed in detail for both coherent and incoherent radiation sources. The cause of this chromatic dispersion is presently unknown.
Teaching cloud computing in cloud computing (2017)

At the beginning, this paper describes basic overview of Cloud Computing (CC) and its usage among companies. Second part describes how is Cloud Computing being taught on another schools and companies around the world. Next, there is description of our physical and logical topology, used during experiments. In the next part, there are descriptions of experiments we made during semester while teaching cloud related subjects. This is followed by results of measurements of used resources in our CC system.
Efficient Gene Delivery Vectors by Tuning the Surface Charge Density of Amino Acid-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles (2008)

Gold colloids functionalized with amino acids provide a scaffold for effective DNA binding with subsequent condensation. Particles with lysine and lysine dendron functionality formed particularly compact complexes and provided highly efficient gene delivery without any observed cytotoxicity. Nanoparticles functionalized with first generation lysine dendrons (NP-LysG1) were approximately 28-fold superior to polylysine in reporter gene expression. These amino acid-based nanoparticles were responsive to intracellular glutathione levels, providing a tool for controlled release and concomitant expression of DNA.
STOCHASTIC AND DETERMINISTIC COMPUTING: DIGITAL FILTERING AND OTHER APPLICATIONS. (1987)

Two approaches to performing arithmetic operations with 'one-bit' words and their application to digital filtering are discussed. In the first approach the numbers, scaled to lie between 0 and 1, are represented by probabilities. Then the similarity between probability algebra and Boolean algebra is exploited to obtain simple digital filter implementations. This approach, known as stochastic computing, inherently has inaccuracies associated with it, since the arithmetic result is a probability and has to be estimated. However, this approach is resistant to soft errors. In the second approach the 'run' properties of pseudorandom sequences are used to implement digital filters deterministically using exact arithmetic.
Synthesis, kinetics of photo-dimerization/photo-cleavage and physical properties of coumarin-containing branched polyurethanes based on polycaprolactones (2015)

A series of coumarin-containing branched polyurethanes based on polycaprolactones, hexamethylene diisocyanate and a monohydroxylated coumarin monomer with 5 and 10% content by weight of coumarin units were successfully prepared. Chain architecture was controlled by combination of polycaprolactone (PCL) triol or tetrol with PCL diol. Terminal coumarin units segregated from the polyurethane matrix as measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Photo-dimerization with 313 nm lamps presented an anomalous behavior in two steps with high irreversibility at high conversions. Photo-dimerization/photo-cleavage reactions showed an increase in irreversibility with the increase in cycles. It was demonstrated that conversion measured by Raman spectroscopy gave the same results than conversion measured by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. Photo-dimerization produced an elastomeric material with much better mechanical properties than non-irradiated material as a consequence of the crosslinking produced. Photo-cleavage decreased the mechanical properties and repeated photo-dimerization increased mechanical properties again.
Twitch crowdsourcing (2014)

To lower the threshold to participation in crowdsourcing, we present twitch crowdsourcing: crowdsourcing via quick contributions that can be completed in one or two seconds. We introduce Twitch, a mobile phone application that asks users to make a micro-contribution each time they unlock their phone. Twitch takes advantage of the common habit of turning to the mobile phone in spare moments. Twitch crowdsourcing activities span goals such as authoring a census of local human activity, rating stock photos, and extracting structured data from Wikipedia pages. We report a field deployment of Twitch where 82 users made 11,240 crowdsourcing contributions as they used their phone in the course of everyday life. The median Twitch activity took just 1.6 seconds, incurring no statistically distinguishable costs to unlock speed or cognitive load compared to a standard slide-to-unlock interface.
Effects of Ni content on the shape memory properties and microstructure of Ni-rich NiTi-20Hf alloys (2016)

Shape memory properties and microstructure of four Ni-rich NiTiHf alloys (Ni50.3Ti29.7Hf20, Ni50.7Ti29.3Hf20, Ni51.2Ti28.8Hf20, and Ni52Ti28Hf20 (at.%)) were systematically characterized in the furnace cooled condition. H-phase precipitates were formed during furnace cooling in compositions with greater than 50.3Ni and the driving force for nucleation increased with Ni content. Alloy strength increased while recoverable strain decreased with increasing Ni content due to changes in precipitate characteristics. When the precipitates were small (∼5–15 nm), they were readily absorbed by martensite plates, which resulted in maximum recoverable strain of 2% in Ni50.7Ti29.3Hf20. With increasing Ni content, the size (>100 nm) and volume fraction of precipitates increased and the growth of martensite plates was constrained between the precipitates when the Ni concentration was greater than 50.7 at.%. Near perfect dimensional stability with negligible irrecoverable strain was observed at stress levels as high as 2 GPa in the Ni52Ti28Hf20 alloy, though the recoverable strain was rather small. In general, strong local stress fields were created at precipitate/matrix interphases, which lead to high stored elastic energy during the martensitic transformation.
'Gradiometer' head pulse shapes (1990)

Simple analysis of the isolated voltage pulse response expected for normal ring heads, single-pole heads, naked and shielded single-element magnetoresistive heads, and naked and shielded two-element differentially sensed gradiometer heads for the cases of longitudinal (x) and perpendicular (y) magnetization transitions are given. These analyses, which hold only to the first-order for small signals, yield simple results which can be written in closed form. The results appear to match the published experimental data on many of these types of heads considerably better than do the results of much more elaborate numerical studies of these problems. It is noted that a normal inductive ring head functions as a gradiometer since it actually measures the first differential of a scalar, the head flux. The two recently introduced magnetoresistive gradiometer heads discussed here have presumably been so named because they, too, measure the difference between the fluxes flowing in the magnetoresistive elements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<title>Continuous on-line measurement of lignin in wood pulp</title> (1992)

We are working toward the development of an instrument for the continuous on-line measurement of the lignin concentration in wood pulp. The system will be used as a primary sensor for process control in the pulp and paper industry. The measurement is based on the fluorescence properties of lignin. The instrument will use an optical fiber probe to separate the light generation, detection, and analysis equipment from the hostile process environment. To provide the background data necessary for the design of the instrument, we have characterized the fluorescence properties of lignin bound to wood pulp. A nitrogen laser was used as the excitation source and an intensified photodetector array capable of fast grating was used to obtain time-resolved fluorescence spectra.
Solar Rocket Component Study (1985)

A program was conducted to identify the most promising solar-thermal rocket thruster concept and to design, fabricate, and deliver to the Air Force Rocket Propulsion Laboratory, a demonstrator absorber/thruster based on the selected concept for subsequent ground test evaluation. A concept assessment, in which windowless and windowed designs involving both direct and indirect propellant heating, resulted in the selection of the windowless heat exchanger cavity configuration. The selection considered the criteria of achievable specific impulse, thrust achievable, durability, complexity, technical risk, and relative cost. Based on the concept selected, a ground test demonstration absorber/thruster was designed. Supporting detailed thermal, stress, and performance analyses were conducted together with evaluations of critical materials and fabrication processes. the projected performance of the demonstrator absorber/thruster was a specific impulse of 7930 N sec/kg (807 lbf sec/lbm), with a thrust of 3.69 N (0.83 lbf). Fabrication and assembly were completed and the thruster satisfactorily leak-checked. The absorber coil was fabricated from rhenium by the same process. Radiation shielding and insulation minimized heat losses. Keywords include: Solar Thermal Propulsion, Solar Absorber, Thruster performance, Absorber/Thruster Design, Rhenium fabrication, Hydrogen Performance, Solar Window, Window Heat Transfer, Absorber/Thruster, and Heat Transfer.
Does N2− exist? A coupled-cluster study (1999)

Potential energy curves of the ground-state N2 molecule and its doublet N2− anion are calculated at the coupled-cluster level with single and double excitations and with noniterative triples [CCSD(T)] as well as with the multireference averaged-quadratic coupled-cluster (MR-AQCC) method. The N2− anion is shown to be temporary and decays to its neutral parent plus a free electron at bond lengths shorter than ≈1.4 and larger than ≈2.5 Å. Thus, the N2− anion exists within the 1.4⩽R(N–N)⩽2.5 Å range at the Born–Oppenheimer approximation.
Realisierung und Kalibrierung aktiver Antennensysteme mit digitaler Strahlformung (2001)

[no abstract]
Exercise Responses of Elderly Patients with Diastolic versus Systolic Heart Failure (2003)

Submaximal and peak exercise performance are markedly altered in elderly HF patients compared with age-matched HV but do not appear to be different between SD and DD patients.
Metal‐Free Bacterial Haloperoxidases as Unusual Hydrolases: Activation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> by the Formation of Peracetic Acid (1997)

How does the catalytic set-up of a hydrolase activate H2O2 for enzymatic oxidations? The oxidizing species is a peracid, as these studies with the metal-free haloperoxidases CPO-P and CPO-T clearly show. The analogy between the hydrolase and haloperoxidase reactions is elucidated in the reactions below.
Unusual Susceptibility of <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> to Antibacterial Agents in Relation to the Barrier Function of its Cell Envelope (1977)

Wild-type strains of the bacterial phytopathogen Erwinia amylovora (the cause of fire blight disease of apples and pears) are markedly susceptible to novobiocin, deoxycholate, and sodium dodecyl (= lauryl) sulfate. The inhibitory concentration, expressed as the concentration causing a 99% inhibition of growth, of these three antibacterial agents were 15 to 100, 40 to 800, and 50 to 800 mug/ml, respectively, depending on the E. amylovora strain. Growth of strains of other Erwinia spp. and Salmonella typhimurium is not affected at all, or is only slightly affected, at these concentrations. Introduction of the F'lac(+), RP1, and R100drd-56 (but not E-lac(+)) plasmids into an E. amylovora strain results in enhanced susceptibility to novobiocin and sodium dodecyl sulfate but not to deoxycholate. E. amylovora wild-type strains spontaneously release a periplasmic enzyme, cyclic phosphodiesterase, but not a cytoplasmic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, into the growth medium. Addition of MgCl(2) (20 mM) and NaCl (84 mM) to tryptone broth stimulates the growth of wild-type E. amylovora strains and reduces or eliminates leakage of the periplasmic enzyme. Mutant strains of E. amylovora, selected for resistance to each separate antibacterial agent (or to all three of them), showed a direct correlation (in all but the novobiocin-resistant mutant) between drug resistance and reduced periplasmic leakiness. The relatively low maximum growth temperature (<37 degrees C) of E. amylovora seems unrelated to periplasmic leakage, as judged from the inability of added MgCl(2) to raise the maximum growth temperature, although the generation time at 30 degrees C is reduced from 108 to 54 min upon the addition of 20 mM MgCl(2). The extensive leakage of periplasmic enzyme and unusual drug susceptibility of E. amylovora strains might stem from some defect(s) in some cell envelope component(s) other than the lipopolysaccharide of these bacteria (which contain the usual liposaccharide constituents).
Effects of multiple carbon fillers on the rheology of polycarbonate‐based composites (2011)

Abstract Adding conductive carbon fillers to insulating thermoplastic polymers increases the electrical conductivity of the resulting composite, which could allow them to be used in electrostatic dissipative and semiconductive applications. Adding fillers often increases viscosity, which can make the material more difficult to process. In this study, three different carbon fillers [carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (GNP)] were studied via three different combinations of two different fillers (CB/CNT, CB/GNP, and CNT/GNP). These filler combinations were studied via three 3 2 factorial designs, which considered the following loading levels: CB: 0, 2, and 5 wt%; CNT: 0, 1, and 5 wt%; and GNP: 0, 2, and 5 wt%. These composites were compounded, injection molded, and tested for electrical conductivity and steady shear viscosity. CB and GNP exhibited classic filler behavior, increasing the composite viscosity with increased filler loading. CNT acted differently, lowering the composite viscosity with increased filler loading. When CB and GNP were combined, the viscosity increase was additive. When CNT was combined with either CB or GNP, the resultant composite had a lower viscosity than the corresponding single filler composite with equivalent loadings of CB or GNP. This viscosity lowering effect of CNT, even at loadings as low as 1 wt%, allows for increased filler loadings of CB or GNP with little impact on processability. Five different formulations (four containing two filler combinations) could be used for electrostatic dissipative applications and seven different formulations (six containing two filler combinations) may be used for semiconductive applications. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Inheritance of Resistance to Alternaria cucumerina in Cucumis melo Line MR-1 (1990)

The resistant reaction of muskmelon line MR-1 to Alternaria leaf blight is characterized by the production of small necrotic lesions in response to infection by the pathogen. These lesionss remain restricted and do not expand to support abundant sporulation, as is the case with susceptible cultivars. The F 1 , F 2 , and BC 1 from crosses of the Alternaria leaf blight-resistant inbred line MR-1 and the susceptible cultivars Perlita and PMR 6 were used to determine inheritance of resistance to Alternaria cucumerina. All plants in the F 1 populations were resistant (...)
Discovering Anomalous Aviation Safety Events Using Scalable Data Mining Algorithms (2013)

The worldwide civilian aviation system is one of the most complex dynamical systems created. Most modern commercial aircraft have onboard flight data recorders that record several hundred discrete and continuous parameters at approximately 1 Hz for the entire duration of the flight. These data contain information about the flight control systems, actuators, engines, landing gear, avionics, and pilot commands. In this paper, recent advances in the development of a novel knowledge discovery process consisting of a suite of data mining techniques for identifying precursors to aviation safety incidents are discussed. The data mining techniques include scalable multiple-kernel learning for large-scale distributed anomaly detection. A novel multivariate time-series search algorithm is used to search for signatures of discovered anomalies on massive datasets. The process can identify operationally significant events due to environmental, mechanical, and human factors issues in the high-dimensional flight operations quality assurance data. All discovered anomalies are validated by a team of independent domain experts. This novel automated knowledge discovery process is aimed at complementing the state-of-the-art human-generated exceedance-based analysis that fails to discover previously unknown aviation safety incidents. In this paper, the discovery pipeline, the methods used, and some of the significant anomalies detected on real-world commercial aviation data are discussed.
Catalyst-free Gas-phase Epoxidation of Alkenes (2005)

Abstract Butadiene, styrene, cyclohexene, allyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, and allyl alcohol were epoxidized in a gas-phase reaction in the absence of a catalyst. The applied oxidizing agent is ozone. With exception of allyl alcohol (selectivity to glycidol: 58%), the selectivity to the corresponding epoxide ranged from 88 to 97%. For acrylonitrile, there was no measureable conversion.
Room-Temperature Deintercalation and Self-Extrusion of Ga from Cr <sub>2</sub> GaN (1999)

Bulk samples of the layered ternary nitride Cr2GaN were observed to extrude filaments of pure elemental gallium at room temperature. This self-extrusion phenomenon is best described as a room-temperature deintercalation of gallium from the basal planes of porous Cr2GaN samples. The extruded filaments are single crystals with 2- to 100-micrometer diameters and can be several centimeters long.
STATIC RECRYSTALLIZATION AFTER HOT WORKING OF Al-Li ALLOYS (1987)

Small slabs of DC cast and homogenised 8090 and 8091 have been hot rolled in an experimental mill at temperatures in the range 300-500°C and subsequently solution treated at 550°C for times up to 48 hrs. Increase in rolling temperature leads to slower recrystallization, but the effect diminishes at long solution treatment times when the rolling temperature is above 400°C. Recrystallized grains are nearly equiaxed after rolling at temperatures below 400°C but are elongated after rolling at higher temperatures. After high temperature rolling, 8091 recrystallizes more rapidly to give less elongated grains than 8090. Fine particles appear to play a critical role in determining the recrystallization behaviour.
Glial cells in the mouse enteric nervous system can undergo neurogenesis in response to injury (2011)

The enteric nervous system (ENS) in mammals forms from neural crest cells during embryogenesis and early postnatal life. Nevertheless, multipotent progenitors of the ENS can be identified in the adult intestine using clonal cultures and in vivo transplantation assays. The identity of these neurogenic precursors in the adult gut and their relationship to the embryonic progenitors of the ENS are currently unknown. Using genetic fate mapping, we here demonstrate that mouse neural crest cells marked by SRY box-containing gene 10 (Sox10) generate the neuronal and glial lineages of enteric ganglia. Most neurons originated from progenitors residing in the gut during mid-gestation. Afterward, enteric neurogenesis was reduced, and it ceased between 1 and 3 months of postnatal life. Sox10-expressing cells present in the myenteric plexus of adult mice expressed glial markers, and we found no evidence that these cells participated in neurogenesis under steady-state conditions. However, they retained neurogenic potential, as they were capable of generating neurons with characteristics of enteric neurons in culture. Furthermore, enteric glia gave rise to neurons in vivo in response to chemical injury to the enteric ganglia. Our results indicate that despite the absence of constitutive neurogenesis in the adult gut, enteric glia maintain limited neurogenic potential, which can be activated by tissue dissociation or injury.