gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Reservoir Characterization using High-Resolution Seismic Attributes (2017)

Abstract Seismic data typically includes useful structural and reservoir property information mixed with useless random noise. The accurate identification of geological structures (faults, fractures, and channels) and rock properties is required to develop accurate reservoir models, so enhancing the geological information while reducing random noise is desirable. Seismicattributes can also be used to enhance the delineation of subtle structural features which may not be readily visible in seismic amplitude images. Unfortunately, random noise hampersthedelineation and analysis of these smaller features and results in lower resolution seismic attributes. To aid in producing high quality seismic attributes, I introduce a new adaptive quality enhancing filter. This filter adapts to local noise levels by incorporating noise estimation in the filter design. Smaller filters are created in areas of low noise to preserve fine lineaments such as fractures. Conversely, larger filter sizes are used in higher noise areas to remove noise more aggressively, thereby providing good noise reduction in high noise areas while simultaneously preserving detailed geologic structure in low noise areas. This process improves seismic reflection continuity and maximizes spatial resolution for subsequent processing and interpretation. In this paper we show the result of calculating coherence and volumetric estimates of seismic reflector curvature after applying the new adaptive noise filter to three-dimensional (3-D) seismic datasets containing both structural and stratigraphic features. The results demonstrate the benefits of this approach in exploration and production settings for reservoir characterization and delineation.
Suppression of an Already Established Tumor Growing through Activated Mucosal CTLs Induced by Oral Administration of Tumor Antigen with Cholera Toxin (2008)

Priming of CTLs at mucosal sites, where various tumors are originated, seems critical for controlling tumors. In the present study, the effect of the oral administration of OVA plus adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) on the induction of Ag-specific mucosal CTLs as well as their effect on tumor regression was investigated. Although OVA-specific TCRs expressing lymphocytes requiring in vitro restimulation to gain specific cytotoxicity could be detected by OVA peptide-bearing tetramers in both freshly isolated intraepithelial lymphocytes and spleen cells when OVA was orally administered CT, those showing direct cytotoxic activity without requiring in vitro restimulation were dominantly observed in intraepithelial lymphocytes. The magnitude of such direct cytotoxicity at mucosal sites was drastically enhanced after the second oral administration of OVA with intact whole CT but not with its subcomponent, an A subunit (CTA) or a B subunit (CTB). When OVA plus CT were orally administrated to C57BL/6 mice bearing OVA-expressing syngeneic tumor cells, E.G7-OVA, in either gastric tissue or the dermis, tumor growth was significantly suppressed after the second oral treatment; however, s.c. or i.p. injection of OVA plus CT did not show any remarkable suppression. Those mucosal OVA-specific CTLs having direct cytotoxicity expressed CD8alphabeta but not CD8alphaalpha, suggesting that they originated from thymus-educated cells. Moreover, the infiltration of such OVA-specific CD8(+) CTLs was observed in suppressed tumor tissues. These results indicate that the growth of ongoing tumor cells can be suppressed by activated CD8alphabeta CTLs with tumor-specific cytotoxicity via an orally administered tumor Ag with a suitable mucosal adjuvant.
A C-Terminal Fragment of Agouti-Related Protein Increases Feeding and Antagonizes the Effect of Alpha-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone<i>in Vivo</i> (1998)

Agouti-related protein (Agrp) is present in rat and human hypothalamus and is structurally related to agouti protein. Overexpression of either of these proteins results in obesity. However the effect of exogenous Agrp and its in vivo interaction with alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alphaMSH), the likely endogenous melanocortin 3 and 4 receptor (MC3-R and MC4-R) agonist, have not been demonstrated. We report that 1 nmol of Agrp(83-132), a C-terminal fragment of Agrp, when administered intracerebroventricularly (ICV) into rats, increased food intake over a 24-h period (23.0+/-1.4 g saline vs 32.9+/-2.3 g Agrp, p<0.05). The hyperphagia was similar to that seen when 1 nmol of the synthetic MC3-R and MC4-R antagonist SHU9119 was given i.c.v. (19.6+/-1.8 g saline vs 32.5+/-1.7 g SHU9119, p<0.001). Both Agrp(83-132) and SHU9119 blocked the reduction in 1-h food intake of i.c.v. alphaMSH at the beginning of the dark phase. This effect occurred independently of whether the antagonists were administered simultaneously, or nine hours prior, to the alphaMSH. We have also shown Agrp(83-132) is an antagonist at the MC3-R and MC4-R, with similar inhibition of cAMP activation to that previously reported for the full length peptide. In conclusion, Agrp(83-132) administered i.c.v. increases feeding with long lasting effects and is able to inhibit the action of alphaMSH. This interaction may be mediated by the MC3-R and/or MC4-R.
Cable and New Media (1972)

Mary Alice Mayer Phillips' CATV: A History of Community Antenna Television (Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1972—$9.75)
Prediction of Bulk Properties of Fischer−Tropsch Derived Liquids (1997)

Asymptotic behavior correlations (ABCs) based on the properties of pure n-paraffins are used to predict the bulk properties of liquid mixtures derived from the Fischer−Tropsch synthesis. Comparisons are made with literature data for congealing point, density, specific heat, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and surface tension. Mixture property predictions are based on appropriate average carbon numbers and on a general property mixing rule. Both ideal and nonideal solution behavior are exhibited. For the nonideal properties, viscosity and surface tension, mixing rules are proposed and parameters regressed to obtain reasonable agreement with mixture data. Property estimates based on the appropriate average carbon number are probably sufficient for most engineering applications. Methods are outlined for estimating different carbon-number averages based on congealing- and melting-point, density, and the Anderson−Schulz−Flory distribution when the carbon number distribution of the mixture is not available. The presence of other Fischer−Tropsch byproducts appears to have little effect on the accuracy of predictions made for high molecular weight mixtures.
K-band frequency up-converters using reduced-size couplers and dividers (2002)

A reduced-size branch-line hybrid circuit and a rat-race circuit, both of which were designed on an uniplanar approach, are successfully applied to a small size K-band balanced up-converter and an image-rejection up-converter. These two circuits utilize a combination of high-impedance transmission lines and lumped-constant capacitors. The image-rejection up-converter also employs a lumped-element balun and a lumped-element Wilkinson combiner. The use of these four circuit greatly reduced the size of the up-converter chips. The fabricated up-converter showed good performance including conversion gain of 1.7 dB and image-rejection of more than 20 dB at the K-band.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Note: Stacked rings for terahertz wave-guiding (2011)

We demonstrate the construction of corrugated waveguides using stacked rings to propagate terahertz frequencies. The waveguide allows propagation of the same fundamental mode as an optical-fiber, namely, the HE(11) mode. This simple concept opens the way for corrugated wave-guides up to several terahertz, maintaining beam characteristics as for terahertz applications.
High incidence of endogenous depression in migraine: confirmation by tyramine test. (1990)

Forty patients with migraine who were attending a specialist clinic were interviewed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Lifetime version. Sixteen (40%) had a history of major depression which was of endogenous type in 15, according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. The tyramine test, a previously established trait marker for endogenous depression, showed that the migraine group as a whole had significantly low values compared with 14 normal controls, due almost entirely to low values in the endogenous depressive subgroup; there were no differences between diet-sensitive and non-diet-sensitive migraine patients. Thus depression in patients with migraine seems unlikely to be secondary to migraine per se. A substantial subgroup of patients with migraine may possess an inherent predisposition to endogenous depression.
Forced expiratory volume in one second: not just a lung function test but a marker of premature death from all causes (2007)

The clinical utility of spirometric screening of asymptomatic smokers for early signs of air flow limitation has recently come under review. The current authors propose that reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) is more than a measure of airflow limitation, but a marker of premature death with broad utility in assessing baseline risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, coronary artery disease and stroke, collectively accounting for 70-80% of premature death in smokers. Reduced FEV(1) identifies undiagnosed COPD, has comparable utility to that of serum cholesterol in assessing cardiovascular risk and defines those smokers at greatest risk of lung cancer. As such, reduced FEV(1) should be considered a marker that identifies smokers at greatest need of medical intervention. Smoking cessation has been shown to attenuate FEV(1) decline and, if achieved before the age of 45-50 yrs, may not only preserve FEV(1) within normal values but substantially reduce cardiorespiratory complications of smoking. Recent findings suggest inhaled drugs (bronchodilators and corticosteroids), and possibly statins, may be effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The current authors propose that spirometry has broad utility in identifying smokers who are at greatest risk of cardiorespiratory complications and greatest benefit from targeted preventive strategies, such as smoking cessation, prioritised screening and effective pharmacotherapy.
Overexpression of the type-1 insulin-like growth factor receptor increases ligand-dependent proliferation and differentiation in bovine skeletal myogenic cultures (1996)

Previous studies demonstrated that overexpression of the type-1 insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor (IGF-1R) in skeletal myogenic cell lines increased proliferation and differentiation responses to IGF. However, it was unclear if such manipulations in primary, untransformed skeletal myogenic cells would result in modulation of these responses, which may be more stringently regulated in primary cells than in myogenic cell lines. In this study, low passage untransformed fetal bovine myogenic cultures were infected with a replication-deficient retroviral expression vector (LISN) coding for the human IGF-1R or with a control retroviral vector (LNL6). Bovine myogenic cultures infected with the LISN vector (Bov-LISN) displayed ten times more IGF-1Rs than controls (Bov-LNL6). Bov-LISN myogenic cultures exhibited elevated rates of IGF-I-stimulated proliferation and increased rates of terminal differentiation which were reduced to control levels by the anti-human IGF-1R antibody alpha IR3. These findings indicate overexpression of the IGF-1R can enhance IGF sensitivity and thereby modify the proliferation and differentiation behavior of untransformed low passage myoblasts. Such manipulations may be useful to increase muscle mass in clinical or agricultural applications.
Supervisory control of families of linear set-point controllers - Part I. Exact matching (1996)

This paper describes a simple "high-level" controller called a "supervisor" which is capable of switching into feedback with a SISO process, a sequence of linear positioning or set-point controllers from a family of candidate controllers so as to cause the output of the process to approach and track a constant reference input. The process is assumed to be modeled by a SISO linear system whose transfer function is in the union of a number of subclasses, each subclass being small enough so that one of the candidate controllers would solve the positioning problem if the transfer function of the process were to be one of the subclasses' members. Each subclass contains a "nominal process model transfer function" about which the subclass is centred. It is shown that in the absence of unmodeled process dynamics, the proposed supervisor can successfully perform its function even if process disturbances are present, provided they are bounded and constant.
Isolation of chromosome-specific genes by reciprocal probing of arrayed cDNA and cosmid libraries (1995)

We have identified and mapped 61 novel and previously described chromosome 17 and X genes, using a human placental cDNA library. These genes were isolated using a gene identification and mapping strategy based on reciprocal probing of arrayed chromosome specific cosmid and cDNA libraries. This strategy scans gridded cosmids for nuclear genes and isolates the expressed sequence by a cosmid to cDNA filter hybridization. Inherent to this approach is the advantage of identifying the corresponding genomic cosmid clone of a particular cDNA. The genomic and cDNA reagents can be used for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based mapping to resolve map positions of cDNAs belonging to gene families and those associated with multiple chromosomes. The downstream utility of reagents generated by the reciprocal probing methods is demonstrated in our studies.
Nosocomial and Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremias from 1980 to 1993: Impact of Intravascular Devices and Methicillin Resistance (1996)

The rate of nosocomial bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus has increased over the past decade, but trends in community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia are less certain. This hospital-based observational study compares nosocomial and community-acquired S. aureus bacteremias during 1980-1983 and 1990-1993. The rate of nosocomial S. aureus bacteremia increased from 0.75 to 2.80 cases per 1,000 discharges, while the rate of community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia increased from 0.84 to 2.43 cases per 1,000 discharges. The number of nosocomial device-related bacteremias increased eightfold; 56% of S. aureus bacteremias were associated with devices during 1990-1993. Intravascular devices were associated with no community-acquired S. aureus bacteremias during 1980-1983 but with 22% during 1990-1993. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) seldom caused bacteremia during 1980-1983. From 1990 to 1993, MRSA caused 32% and 18.5% of nosocomial and community-acquired S. aureus bacteremias, respectively. The rates of both community-acquired and nosocomial S. aureus bacteremias have increased significantly since 1980. In addition to their role in nosocomial infections, MRSA and intravascular device-related S. aureus bacteremias are emerging problems in the nonhospital setting.
The Life of Australian Banknotes (2015)

The contents of this publication shall not be reproduced, sold or distributed without the prior consent of the Reserve Bank of Australia and, where applicable, the prior consent of the external source concerned. Requests for consent should be sent to the Head of Information Department at the email address shown above. ISSN 1448-5109 (Online) The Discussion Paper series is intended to make the results of the current economic research within the Reserve Bank available to other economists. Its aim is to present preliminary results of research so as to encourage discussion and comment. Views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Reserve Bank. Use of any results from this paper should clearly attribute the work to the authors and not to the Reserve Bank of Australia. Enquiries:
Aortic Strain Correlates With Elastin Fragmentation in Fibrillin-1 Hypomorphic Mice (2019)

<i>FBN1</i> <sup><i>mgR/mgR</i></sup> mice had increased aortic diameters, reduced circumferential strain, and increased elastin fragmentation. Elastin fragmentation in <i>FBN1</i> <sup><i>mgR/mgR</i></sup> and their wild type littermates was correlated with reduced circumferential strain.
Methanol to hydrocarbons: enhanced aromatic formation using a composite Ga2O3–H-ZSM-5 catalyst (2001)

Addition of beta-Ga2O3 to H-ZSM-5, as a physical mixture, enhances the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons in the methanol to hydrocarbons reaction.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Thiol‐Ene Hydrogelation Using Eosin‐Y as the Only Photoinitiator (2013)

The utility of visible-light-mediated polymerization in tissue engineering has been limited due to the necessary use of potentially cytotoxic coinitiator and comonomer. Here, we report a visible-light-mediated thiol-ene hydrogelation scheme using eosin-Y as the only photoinitiator. Under visible light exposure, rapid and highly tunable step-growth gelation is achieved using PEG-norbornene and a model cross-linker dithiothreitol. In addition to investigating the gelation kinetics and properties of thiol-ene hydrogels formed by this new gelation scheme, we also report high cytocompatibility of these hydrogels using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and pancreatic MIN6 β-cells.
Resonance enhanced Raman scatter in liquid benzene at vapor-phase absorption peaks (2013)

The resonance enhanced Raman spectra in the 1B2u mode of the forbidden benzene electronic transition band, ~230-270 nm, has been investigated. Resonance enhanced Raman scattering in both liquid benzene and liquid toluene exhibit the greatest enhancement when the wavelength of excitation is tuned to the vapor-phase absorption peaks; even though the sample volume is in a liquid state. Raman signals for the symmetric breathing mode of the carbon ring are found to be resonantly enhanced by several orders of magnitude (>500X) with deep UV excitation compared to non-resonant visible excitation. Since the benzene absorbs near this resonant wavelength, its effect on the sampled volume cannot be neglected in determining the resonance gain, as we discuss in detail. Large resonant gains correspond with excitation at the 247, 253, and 259 nm absorption peaks in the benzene vapor spectrum. The narrow region of resonance gain is investigated in detail around the absorption peak located at 259 nm using 0.25 nm steps in the excitation wavelength. We observe the resonance gain tracking the vapor phase absorption peaks and valleys within this narrow range. Results are interpreted in terms of the coherence forced by the use of a forbidden transition for resonance excitation.
Non-protein biologic therapeutics (2017)

While the therapeutic biologics are dominated by therapeutic proteins, particularly monoclonal antibodies, a wide range of non-protein therapeutic biologics are rapidly gaining ground both in clinical studies and approved products. Many of these first-in-class therapies provide novel treatment modalities and address previously untreatable conditions or undruggable targets. In particular, novel treatments for rare genetic disorders and qualitatively different oncology therapeutics have been approved in the last two years. This review discusses recent advances in peptide, nucleic acid, carbohydrate, vaccine, and cell-based therapies as well as the manufacturing and commercialization challenges associated with these novel therapeutics.
Kinetics of reactions in heterocycles. Part II. Replacement of the methylsulphonyl group in substituted pyridines, pyridazines, and pyrazine by methoxide ion (1967)

Kinetic study of the reactions of methylsulphonylpyridines, pyridazines, and pyrazine with methoxide ion shows that the methylsulphonyl group is very readily replaced. Where direct comparison is possible, as in the 3-substituted pyridazines, it is found that the methylsulphonyl compound is ca. 90 times more reactive than the chloro-compound, at 40·2°.The preparation of new methylsulphonyl compounds is described. Ionisation constants and ultraviolet and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra are recorded and discussed.
An EMS-induced low-linolenic-acid mutant in McGregor flax (<i>Linum usitatissimum</i> L.) (1991)

McGregor flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seed was treated with ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) and the resulting M 1 , M 2 , M 3 and M 4 progeny were screened for linolenic acid mutants, using the half-seed technique. A stable low-linolenic acid (2%) mutant was found in the M 4 . The low linolenic character is controlled by recessive alleles at two independent loci, apparently the result of a rare double mutation. Key words: EMS, mutation, flax, Linum usitatissimum, fatty acid
An amorphous magnetostrictive delayline cordless digitizer (1988)

A digitizer with a cordless cursor to input the coordinates of graphics is reported. The digitizer utilizes magnetostrictive delay lines made of iron-based amorphous ribbons. During the propagation of a magnetoelastic wave ion the ribbon, the output signal is generated by a solenoid coil wound through the entire ribbon length when the wave arrives at a position immediately underneath the cursor magnet. The resolution of the digitizer is +or-0.1 mm; the cursor position was still detectable even when placed 12 mm above the pad surface.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Coherent laser radar with dual-frequency Doppler estimation and interferometric range detection (2016)

The concept of a coherent interferometric dual frequency laser radar, that measures both the target range and velocity, is presented and experimentally demonstrated. The innovative architecture combines the dual frequency lidar concept, allowing a precise and robust Doppler estimation, with the interferometric phase measure technique for the detection of the range with high accuracy. Moreover, the coherent detection approach, exploited for both the range and velocity measurements, allows to enhance the signal to noise ratio reaching excellent performances also with low level of received power. The laboratory characterization in terms of resolution and sensitivity, as well as the indoor demonstration with real targets proves the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Diversity (2005)

The secreted glycoprotein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent and specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells, capable of stimulating angiogenesis during embryonic development and tumor formation. Despite intensive research, the functions of several VEGF family members remain a mystery. Insight into their evolutionary relationships could profoundly improve our understanding of why there are so many VEGFs and why we have not been able to dissect their function to our satisfaction. It appears from the presence of several structurally related VEGF proteins that VEGF proteins do have a long divergence history. We investigated the evolution and phylogenetic relationships among VEGF proteins by using the information from the molecular data. Consistent phylogenetic trees were generated with character-based and distance-based methods. Several gene duplication events were detected that led to the formation of today&amp;apos;s VEGF diversity.