gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Generation of Human iPSCs from Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using Non-integrative Sendai Virus in Chemically Defined Conditions (2013)

Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have received enormous attention because of their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types that demonstrate the patient's original phenotype. The use of hiPSCs is particularly valuable to the study of cardiac biology, as human cardiomyocytes are difficult to isolate and culture and have a limited proliferative potential. By deriving iPSCs from patients with heart disease and subsequently differentiating these hiPSCs to cardiomyocytes, it is feasible to study cardiac biology in vitro and model cardiac diseases. While there are many different methods for deriving hiPSCs, clinical use of these hiPSCs will require derivation by methods that do not involve modification of the original genome (non-integrative) or incorporate xeno-derived products (such as bovine serum albumin) which may contain xeno-agents. Ideally, this derivation would be carried out under chemically defined conditions to prevent lot-to-lot variability and enhance reproducibility. Additionally, derivation from cell types such as fibroblasts requires extended culture (4-6 weeks), greatly increasing the time required to progress from biopsy to hiPSC. Herein, we outline a method of culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and reprogramming PBMCs into hiPSCs using a non-integrative Sendai virus.
ChemInform Abstract: Wittig Rearrangement of 3‐Furylmethyl Ethers and Its Application to the Synthesis of Dendrolasin. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Advanced Capabilities for Combat Medics (2004)

The US Army Institute of Surgical Research (USAISR) has the lead for directing the Research Program Area for Advanced Triage Capabilities for Combat Medics in the Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC) research program in Combat Casualty Care. The objective of this Program Area is to develop and demonstrate a semi-automated trauma triage capability that provides critical casualty information remotely to the battlefield medic. When this goal is met, the medic will possess a greater decision making capability for prioritizing casualty care based on continuous information about live/dead status and severity and progression of the injury and which injuries require life saving interventions (LSI). Since hemorrhagic shock remains a leading cause of death on the battlefield, the research activities in the task area for advanced capabilities for remote triage are designed to focus on the identification and care of wounded soldiers with severe hemorrhage. This Research Program Area is founded on the fundamental premise that meeting this goal will save lives on the battlefield. The purpose of this paper is to describe the Program Area plan for conducting research that will lead to advanced diagnosis and triage capabilities for combat medics by developing an algorithm for clinical assessment of wounded soldiers.
Damage-resistant LiNbO3 waveguides (1984)

The photorefractive effect (‘‘optical damage’’) severely limits the application of LiNbO3 in visible wavelengths. We have found that proton exchanged LiNbO3, in which up to 70% of the Li ions are replaced by protons, exhibit no measurable index change with average intensities of visible light up to 5 kW/cm2 or peak pulse intensities of ∼5×108 W/cm2 in the guide. These experiments demonstrate that the photorefractive sensitivity of proton exchanged waveguides is at least four orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional titanium diffused guides. Similar results are obtained with titanium diffused waveguides which are subsequently proton exchanged.
Electronic animal identification and temperature monitoring (1974)

A unique system of identifying animals so that a computercompatible digital code number can be automatically recognized by electronic methods is described. The transponder attached to the animal is passive and has an unlimited life. It provides a means of measuring body temperature in animals in addition to providing identity. The characteristics of the system and its potential in animal health control are discussed. (25 figures) (auth)
Studies on DNA adduction with heterocyclic amines by accelerator mass spectrometry: a new technique for tracing isotope-labelled DNA adduction. (1993)

DNA adduction in rodents at doses equivalent to human dietary exposure (10(4)-10(6)-fold lower than laboratory studies) is being studied using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). AMS is a nuclear physics technique for detection of cosmogenic isotopes and has been used for specifically selecting and counting 14C. Using AMS, DNA adducts are detectable at levels of 1-10 adducts/10(12) nucleotides following acute and chronic dosing regimes with 14C-labelled carcinogens. The adduct detection limit has been imposed by the natural abundance of 14C in the samples and animal-to-animal variation. AMS is also being coupled to HPLC, multidimensional TLC and radio-immunoassay. In addition, AMS's great sensitivity makes it useful for demonstrating that drugs and chemicals do not bind to DNA. The use of AMS, however, is limited to situations where radiolabelled agents can be used. The data suggest that AMS is extremely useful in obtaining quantitative data on the effects of carcinogens on DNA at the low doses common for actual human exposures and may be useful in human studies.
Minerva (2001)

Enterprise-scale storage systems, which can contain hundreds of host computers and storage devices and up to tens of thousands of disks and logical volumes, are difficult to design. The volume of choices that need to be made is massive, and many choices have unforeseen interactions. Storage system design is tedious and complicated to do by hand, usually leading to solutions that are grossly over-provisioned, substantially under-performing or, in the worst case, both.To solve the configuration nightmare, we present minerva: a suite of tools for designing storage systems automatically. Minerva uses declarative specifications of application requirements and device capabilities; constraint-based formulations of the various sub-problems; and optimization techniques to explore the search space of possible solutions.This paper also explores and evaluates the design decisions that went into Minerva, using specialized micro- and macro-benchmarks. We show that Minerva can successfully handle a workload with substantial complexity (a decision-support database benchmark). Minerva created a 16-disk design in only a few minutes that achieved the same performance as a 30-disk system manually designed by human experts. Of equal importance, Minerva was able to predict the resulting system's performance before it was built.
Autoantibody Responses to Carbohydrate Epitopes in Endometriosis (2002)

Autoantibody responses to endometrial and serum antigens are a common feature of endometriosis. We have shown that the serum autoantibody response in endometriosis to a number of previously identified antigens, including alpha2-Heremans Schmidt glycoprotein and carbonic anhydrase, is specific for a carbohydrate epitope common to these proteins. Removal of carbohydrate moieties from these antigens resulted in a loss of antibody binding. Antibody reactivity was abolished following adsorption with the lectin jacalin, which specifically binds the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen (Gal beta1-3GalNAc). Demonstration that the autoantibodies also reacted with other Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen-bearing proteins, such as serum IgA1, hemopexin, and MMP-9, confirmed that this glycotope is involved in the autoantibody response. However, the autoantibody binding requires the presence of at least one sialic acid residue. Thus, the glycotope involved may be a sialylated T antigen. These findings allow us to hypothesize a number of mechanisms whereby the autoimmune response plays a direct role in several aspects of the disease process. The proposed mechanisms take into account the salient endocrine dependency of endometriotic lesions and other aspects of the disease process such as aberrant matrix metalloproteinase function and the ability of endometrial cells to implant at ectopic sites. The anti-T-like response may also be indicative of an underlying genetic defect in glycosylation or in the control of glycosylation by steroid sex hormones. Further characterization of this autoimmune response may prove useful in the development of serum-based diagnostic tests for endometriosis and may lead to the development of therapeutic strategies.
Dose-escalation phase I study of NKTR-105, a novel pegylated form of docetaxel. (2010)

TPS160 Background: Docetaxel (D) is widely used in the treatment of several solid tumor malignancies. It has a relatively short half-life of 11 hours. NKTR-105 was engineered to provide a sustained release of D to improve its efficacy, safety, and tolerability profile over marketed D. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in rats and dogs showed that NKTR-105 improved the D PK profile by reducing its peak concentrations and prolonging its half- life. NKTR-105 demonstrated superior activity over D in mouse models of human lung, colon, and prostate carcinomas. In PK-PD studies, NKTR-105 resulted in sustained D concentrations in plasma and tumor. Equitoxic doses of D and NKTR-105 achieved similar plasma D AUC, but tumor AUC was 2-fold greater after NKTR-105 administration, indicating that the superior antitumor activity of NKTR-105 was mediated by greater and sustained tumor D exposure. The encouraging antitumor activity and unique PK profile formed the basis for the design and initiation of study 08-PDX-01, a phase I, multicenter, open-label, dose-escalation study to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of NKTR-105 when given on a Q21 day schedule. Methods: The primary objective of this first Phase 1 study is to characterize the safety profile of NKTR-105 and establish a maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of NKTR-105 when given on an every 21-day treatment schedule as 1-hr intravenous infusion. Secondary objectives include determination of the plasma PK profile of NKTR-105 and its metabolite docetaxel and exploratory evaluation of antitumor activity. Patients who are ≥ 18 years old and who have a histologically confirmed, evaluable, or measurable solid tumor that is metastatic or unresectable, for which standard curative or palliative therapies do not exist are eligible. Each cohort of 3 to 6 patients is treated at a single dose level of NKTR-105. Doses are escalated in 25% to 100% increments based on adverse and serious adverse events, dose limiting toxicities, laboratory and PK data. Once the MTD has been identified, a total of up to 20 patients may be treated at that dose to further evaluate the safety, anti-tumor effect and PK of NKTR-105. To date, 17 patients have been enrolled in the study. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Nektar Therapeutics
Collinear photothermal deflection spectroscopy with light-scattering samples (1990)

An analytical model that incorporates effects of light scattering was developed for dual-beam photothermal deflection spectroscopy. Thermal gradients induced by a modulated excitation beam deflect an optical probe beam which was treated as being of finite dimensions. Mechanisms by which thermal gradients produce refractive index gradients are discussed, with an explicit expression for dn/dT being derived. Experimental studies with suspensions of small latex particles in Nd(3+) solutions demonstrated that the model accurately predicts both the shape of the deflection signal and the attenuation of the signal due to light scattering. The absolute magnitude of the observed signal is approximately predicted by theory.
Fir Filters, Windows (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are What is a Finite‐Impulse‐Response Digital Filter? Analysis of Fir Digital Filters Realization of Fir Filters Fir Filters Versus Iir Filters Design Methods Design of Half‐Band and M TH Band Filters Quantization Effects
Self-assembly and optical properties of<i>N</i><i>N</i>′-bis(4-(1-benzylpiperidine))perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide (2012)

Well-defined nanobelts with strong fluorescence were fabricated from a perylene tetracarboxylic diimide molecule modified with specific side-chain substitution. The new perylene diimide was characterised by 1H, 13C NMR, mass and IR spectral techniques. The photophysical and electrochemical properties were investigated by UV–vis absorption, fluorescence, differential scanning calorimetry and cyclic voltammetry. 1D nanobelt self-assembly of the compound was studied with optical, fluorescence and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The observed self-assembly was supported by computational studies using density functional theory and natural bond order analysis. The optimised molecule was fit into crystal space theoretically, and the observed band gap was correlated well with optical and electrical properties.
Diamide analogues of phosphatidyl choline as potential anti-AIDS agents (1993)

Acylation of 3-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxypropane-1,2-diamine with dodecanoyl chloride (lauroyl chloride) and hexadecanoyl chloride (palmitoyl chloride) followed by O-deprotection afforded racemic diamide analogues of 1,2-diglycerides which were converted by sequential treatment with 2-chloro-1,3,2-dioxaphospholan-2-one and trimethylamine into the corresponding diamide analogues of phosphatidyl choline. One of these compounds shows moderate anti-HIV activity.
A note on parallel executions of restrictive blind issuing protocols for secret-key certificates (1995)

The receiver in a restrictive blind certificate issuing protocol can blind the issued public key and the certificate but not a certain blinding-invariant predicate of the secret key. Recently a generally applicable technique was described for designing restrictive blind issuing protocols for a certain type of secret-key certificates, and it was shown that the resulting issuing protocols should not be run in parallel since that would enable an attack in which completely blinded triples can be retrieved. To allow the signer in highly demanding applications to run the restrictive blind certificate issuing protocol in parallel mode, a simple technique for modifying the issuing protocols was proposed. In this note it is shown that the proposed modification technique does not overcome the parallel attack problem.
Opsonophagocytosis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Interaction of Local and Disseminated Isolates with Complement and Neutrophils (1985)

The phagocytosis of serum-sensitive (SS) and serum-resistant (SR) gonococci by neutrophils was examined. SS strains were more rapidly and completely ingested and killed than were SR strains (8.8% +/- 3.4% vs. 64.4% +/- 7.7% survival at 30 min [P less than .005]) in C8-deficient serum or C8-depleted normal serum. Opsonic requirements of the two types of isolates differed. Heat-labile and -stable serum factors played an important role in the phagocytosis of SS but not SR strains. Indeed, killing of SR strains by polymorphonuclear neutrophils did not vary over a 1,000-fold change in serum concentration. SS strains consumed and fixed C3 more rapidly and in greater amounts than did SR strains (83.3% +/- 17.4% vs. 20.8% +/- 5.0% at 10 min [P less than .01]). However, this difference in C3 consumption and fixation did not completely account for the difference in phagocytosis because killing of SS strains was still greater than that of SR strains under conditions of equal C3 fixation.
Pulse-echo field distribution measurement technique for high-frequency ultrasound sources (1997)

A simple technique for the determination of the spatial and temporal transmit-receive field distributions of spherically focused high-frequency transducers is described. Instead of a point-like target, tungsten wires (line-like targets) with diameters less than the acoustic wavelength are used as pulse-echo targets. Spatial and temporal field quantities were determined for spherically focused transducers in the frequency range from 3 to 17 MHz, and a comparison with hydrophone measurements showed that both techniques yielded comparable results for the low-frequency transducer. However, for the higher frequency transducers, hydrophone measurements did not yield satisfactory results compared to the wire-target technique due to the hydrophone's aperture size, while the results from the wire-target technique were in general agreement with theory.
Seniority Pay, Turnover and Job Training in Korea (1998)

The Korean blue-collar workers have seniority-based pay stranger than the Japanese one The seniority pay, however, is not the result of on-the-, jab train-ing and it does not function as incentive to reduce turnover in Korean labor market for blue-collar workers: The analysis in this paper shows that high re-turns to tenure have very little to do with intro- firm training and do not incur low level of turnover in Korea Contrary to conventional theories, high seniority pay, low turnover and high investment in training undertaken by the firm do not reinforce each other in Korea.
Phase I Study of huN901-DM1 (BB-10901) in Patients with Relapsed and Relapsed/Refractory CD56-Positive Multiple Myeloma. (2007)

Abstract Background: huN901-DM1 (BB-10901) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds with high affinity to CD56 and is covalently linked to a novel cytotoxic maytansinoid DM1. Once bound to CD56, the conjugate is internalized and releases DM1. CD56 is expressed on a variety of tumor types including small cell lung carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumors and hematological malignancies. About 70% of MM patients have surface expression of CD56. Preclinical investigations demonstrated significant in vitro and in vivo anti-myeloma activity of huN901-DM1. Objectives: To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose limiting toxicities (DLTs), and pharmacokinetics (PK) of huN901-DM1 given on a weekly schedule. Methods: Relapsed or relapsed/refractory MM patients who have failed at least one prior therapy and have CD56-expressing myeloma received a single IV infusion of huN901-DM1 on 2 consecutive weeks every 3 weeks. Subjects are enrolled in cohorts of 3 at each dose level. The starting dose was 40 mg/m2/week based on experience from a prior phase I trial in solid tumors. Results: Twelve patients have received huN901-DM1, 3 patients each on 40 mg/m2/week, 60 mg/m2/week, 75 mg/m2/week, and 90 mg/m2/week cohorts. No patients have experienced DLTs and no serious adverse events related to study drug were observed. In addition, no patients have experienced serious hypersensitivity reactions or evidence of HAHA or HADA formation. Our preliminary PK findings demonstrate a terminal half life of huN901-DM1 of about 20 hours. Immunohistochemistry performed on marrow aspirates 24 hours after huN901-DM1 infusion at 40 mg/m2 confirmed the presence of huN901-DM1 on myeloma cells in the marrow. To date one patient treated at 60 mg/m2/week had a minimal response (European Bone Marrow Transplant criteria) and has received 15 cycles of therapy. Conclusions: This phase I study provides preliminary evidence of safety and clinical activity of huN901-DM1 in patients with CD56-positive MM who have failed established MM treatments. Targeting of huN901-DM1 to myeloma cells in the marrow was confirmed. Toxicity is manageable. The MTD is not yet defined and enrollment is ongoing.
Optical filter of the window on 0&#x223C;25 degree incidence angle 980nm semiconductor detector (2010)

In this paper a window with band-pass filter is used on 980nm semiconductor detector. The window is designed with substrate HW800, materials whose index are N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">h</sub> =2.4, N <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">l</sub> =1.7, and center wavelength 990nm. Ion Beam Associated Deposition (IBAD) is introduced to film-growing process for improving the film structure and developing the gas' ability of reaction. And all processes are monitored by both optical and crystal controller. Finally we obtained the experimental results, with good average transmissivity T <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">avg</sub> >90% not only on waveband 960-1030nm at 0 incidence angle, but also on waveband 940-1000nm at 25 incidence angle. This window blocks off other waveband(400-760nm, 1100-1200nm) as noise, and obtains good signal intensity from 0°-25° incidence angle at the same time. At the same time, this design overcomes the shortcomings such as high cost and difficulty in control, in the case when double-side film-growing is necessary in traditional processes.
Direct electrical detection of target cells on a microfluidic biochip (2008)

Pathogenic bacterial cell detection is currently performed using techniques such as culture enrichment and various plating methods, which are expensive and can take up to several days. In this study, we describe the design, fabrication, and testing of a rapid and inexpensive sensor for detection of target cells electrically in real-time. The sensor operates with the use of microelectrodes integrated in a micro-channel. As a proof of principle, we have successfully demonstrated real-time detection of target yeast cells with a concentration of 10<sup>7</sup> cells/ml. We have also demonstrated the selectivity of our sensors in responding to target cells while remaining irresponsive to non-target cells. We also perform theoretical modeling in order to determine the ultimate detection limit of the sensor. Based on our modeling results, proper optimization of the sensor can yield detection limits approaching the single cell level.
The herpesvirus 8-encoded chemokine vMIP-II, but not the poxvirus-encoded chemokine MC148, inhibits the CCR10 receptor (2001)

The viral chemokine antagonist vMIP-II encoded by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) and MC148 encoded by the poxvirus - Molluscum contagiosum - were tested against the newly identified chemokine receptor CCR10. As the CCR10 ligand ESkine / CCL27 had the highest identity to MC148 and because both chemokines are expressed in the skin we suspected MC148 to block CCR10. However, in calcium mobilization assays we found MC148 unable to block CCR10 in micromolar concentrations in contrast to vMIP-II. (125)I-MC148 was only able to bind to CCR8, but not to CCR10, CCR11, CXCR6 / BONZO, APJ, DARC or the orphan receptors BOB, EBI-II, GPR4, GPR17, HCR or RDC1. We conclude that MC148 is a highly selective CCR8 antagonist conceivably optimized to interfere with NK cell and monocyte invasion, whereas the broad-spectrum antagonist vMIP-II protects HHV8 by blocking multiple receptors.