gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrocatalytic activity of electropolymerized films of bis(vinylterpyridine)cobalt(2+) for the reduction of carbon dioxide and oxygen (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrocatalytic activity of electropolymerized films of bis(vinylterpyridine)cobalt(2+) for the reduction of carbon dioxide and oxygenH. C. Hurrell, A. L. Mogstad, D. A. Usifer, K. T. Potts, and H. D. AbrunaCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 6, 1080–1084Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00305a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00305a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views624Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A discriminative deep model for pedestrian detection with occlusion handling (2012)

Part-based models have demonstrated their merit in object detection. However, there is a key issue to be solved on how to integrate the inaccurate scores of part detectors when there are occlusions or large deformations. To handle the imperfectness of part detectors, this paper presents a probabilistic pedestrian detection framework. In this framework, a deformable part-based model is used to obtain the scores of part detectors and the visibilities of parts are modeled as hidden variables. Unlike previous occlusion handling approaches that assume independence among visibility probabilities of parts or manually define rules for the visibility relationship, a discriminative deep model is used in this paper for learning the visibility relationship among overlapping parts at multiple layers. Experimental results on three public datasets (Caltech, ETH and Daimler) and a new CUHK occlusion dataset <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> specially designed for the evaluation of occlusion handling approaches show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Conference on power sector reforms in India (1993)

India's electricity supply industry (ESI) is facing numerous difficulties. Despite considerable investment and expansion of generating capacity over the last decade, the operational efficiency, quality, and reliability of electricity supply have deteriorated steadily. As it now stands, India's ESI cannot mobilize the resources required for its development. Almost all power utilities, particularly the State Electricity Boards (SEBs), are in financial distress. To overcome the financial gap, India counted on a substantial increase in local and foreign private participation. In light of the above situation, the government of India and the World Bank agreed that a conference on power sector reform would be an appropriate first step to assist India in bringing progress on the obvious issue. The main objective of the conference was to expose senior Indian officials to the alternative sector models and the restructuring experiences in other countries, and in that way to assist them in planning and implementing appropriate reforms for the power sector, especially at the state level. The conference consisted of an opening sessions, four topical sessions, and a summary of the lessons learned and the key elements needed to continue examining the potential for power sector reform in India. The four topic sessions covered (a) the need and conceptual framework for power sector reforms in India; (b) challenges faced by the SEBs; (c) four country case studies; and (d) commercialization of the SEBs and design of the reform process.
Magnetic Impedance Tomography<sup>a</sup> (1999)

Tissue can be characterized by its electrical impedance, especially if measurement can be extended over a range of frequencies. Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in imaging the distribution of electrical impedance through the technique of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). However, EIT has a number of practical problems relating to the placement of electrodes on the body. Such contacts are not required to collect magnetic field data around an object through which current is flowing and thus this approach may be more practical than EIT in the clinical environment. This paper describes the technique of magnetic impedance tomography (MIT), which allows reconstruction of the current distribution from magnetic field measurements. The reconstruction techniques used to generate the images and the prototype data collection system are described. Images produced using data collected from discrete and distributed current phantoms and the thorax during human respiration are presented.
Potential brain neuronal targets for amphetamine-, methylphenidate-, and modafinil-induced wakefulness, evidenced by c- <i>fos</i> immunocytochemistry in the cat (1996)

Much experimental and clinical data suggest that the pharmacological profile of modafinil, a newly discovered waking substance, differs from those of amphetamine and methylphenidate, two classical psychostimulants. The brain targets on which modafinil acts to induce wakefulness, however, remain unknown. A double-blind study using the protooncogene c-fos as experimental marker in the cat was, therefore, carried out to identify the potential target neurons of modafinil and compare them with those for amphetamine and methylphenidate. Cats were sacrificed after a single oral administration of amphetamine, methylphenidate, or modafinil at equivalent doses for wake induction (1, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg, respectively) and brain sections examined for Fos by immunocytochemistry. Administration of either amphetamine or methylphenidate evoked Fos-like immunoreactivity in a large number of neurons in the striatum and whole cortex, especially in the caudate nucleus and mediofrontal cortex, which are known to be dopaminergic targets. In contrast, administration of modafinil resulted in the labeling of few cells in these structures, but did induce marked Fos labeling in neurons of the anterior hypothalamic nucleus and adjacent areas. These results provide evidence for the potential brain targets of modafinil, which differ from those of amphetamine or methylphenidate, and suggest that modafinil induces wakefulness by mechanisms distinct from those of the two stimulants.
A Constrained Optimization Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Multiobjective Optimization Techniques (2005)

This paper presents a novel evolutionary algorithm for constrained optimization. During the evolutionary process, our algorithm is based on multiobjective optimization techniques, i.e., an individual in the parent population may be replaced if it is dominated by a nondominated individual chosen from the offspring population. In addition, a model of population-based algorithm-generator and an infeasible solutions archiving and replacement mechanism are introduced. Furthermore, the simplex crossover is used as a recombination operator to enrich the exploration and exploitation abilities of the approach proposed. The new approach is tested on thirteen well-known benchmark functions, and the empirical evidences suggest that it is robust, efficient and generic when handling linear/nonlinear equality/inequality constraints. Compared with some other state-of-the-art algorithms, our algorithm remarkably outperforms them in terms of the best, median, mean, and worst objective function values and the standard deviations.
DNA Double-Strand Breaks and γ-H2AX Signaling in the Testis1 (2003)

Within minutes of the induction of DNA double-strand breaks in somatic cells, histone H2AX becomes phosphorylated at serine 139 and forms gamma-H2AX foci at the sites of damage. These foci then play a role in recruiting DNA repair and damage-response factors and changing chromatin structure to accurately repair the damaged DNA. These gamma-H2AX foci appear in response to irradiation and genotoxic stress and during V(D)J recombination and meiotic recombination. Independent of irradiation, gamma-H2AX occurs in all intermediate and B spermatogonia and in preleptotene to zygotene spermatocytes. Type A spermatogonia and round spermatids do not exhibit gamma-H2AX foci but show homogeneous nuclear gamma-H2AX staining, whereas in pachytene spermatocytes gamma-H2AX is only present in the sex vesicle. In response to ionizing radiation, gamma-H2AX foci are generated in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids. In irradiated spermatogonia, gamma-H2AX interacts with p53, which induces spermatogonial apoptosis. These events are independent of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Irradiation-independent nuclear gamma-H2AX staining in leptotene spermatocytes demonstrates a function for gamma-H2AX during meiosis. gamma-H2AX staining in intermediate and B spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes, and sex vesicles and round spermatids, however, indicates that the function of H2AX phosphorylation during spermatogenesis is not restricted to the formation of gamma-H2AX foci at DNA double-strand breaks.
SmoothMoves (2017)

SmoothMoves is an interaction technique for augmented reality (AR) based on smooth pursuits head movements. It works by computing correlations between the movements of on-screen targets and the user's head while tracking those targets. The paper presents three studies. The first suggests that head based input can act as an easier and more affordable surrogate for eye-based input in many smooth pursuits interface designs. A follow-up study grounds the technique in the domain of augmented reality, and captures the error rates and acquisition times on different types of AR devices: head-mounted (2.6%, 1965ms) and hand-held (4.9%, 2089ms). Finally, the paper presents an interactive lighting system prototype that demonstrates the benefits of using smooth pursuits head movements in interaction with AR interfaces. A final qualitative study reports on positive feedback regarding the technique's suitability for this scenario. Together, these results indicate show SmoothMoves is viable, efficient and immediately available for a wide range of wearable devices that feature embedded motion sensing.
Review of Cathodic Arc Deposition for Preparing Droplet-Free Thin Films (2007)

Cathodic arc plasma is one of the potential ion plating physical vapor deposition methods to prepare protective coatings on cutting tools, metal mold, etc. In particular, TiN, CrN, and TiAlN films are coated on industrial cutting tools using cathodic arc plasma. However, the cathode spot of the vacuum arc generates macrodroplets as coproducts of cathodic arc plasma containing high-energy ions. These macrodroplets may pose problems with smooth-surface films that are used for advanced high-precision applications. This paper reviews cathode phenomena particularly for a graphite cathode, the techniques for reduction of macrodroplet generation, and the techniques for macrodroplet removal from the processing plasma. The reduction technique includes steered arc, pulsed arcs, etc. The removal technique includes shielded arcs and filtered arcs. Recent filtered arc deposition systems are referred.
Effect of soluble calcium of milk on fouling of ultrafiltration membranes (1994)

Abstract Flux decline with time is a major problem encountered during the application of ultrafiltration in the dairy industry. Most work has put the emphasis on the role of casein, whey proteins, fat and colloidal calcium. These components either promote the build up of a concentration polarisation layer or are adsorbed on the membrane surface. The minor constituents have received little attention so far, probably because they do not contribute greatly to the mass of the gel layer. The role of soluble calcium on fouling of membranes is very evident as permeates obtained from four major dairy products fouled the membranes when applied as feed. Ultrafiltration of soft water, mains water and lactose solutions indicated that the presence of calcium brings about flux decline with time. Addition of 2 mM calcium chloride further reduced the flux rates to very low levels but addition of E.D.T.A. to the permeates improved the flux rates and reduced the fouling. Heating the permeates, followed by clarification also had beneficial effects on flux rates.
Catalytic Dehydrogenation and Cracking of Cyclohexane over Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Solids (1995)

The catalytic conversion of cyclohexane over Ni/Al 2 O 3 has been investigated using a microcatalytic pulse technique. The nickel content was varied between 7.9–34.3 wt.% NiO and the reaction temperatures were changed between 240–450°C. The liquids and gases produced were analyzed chromatographically. The results obtained reveal that the cyclohexane underwent both dehydrogenation and cracking reactions producing benzene and light aliphatic hydrocarbons, respectively. The nickel metal acts as the actual active constituent of Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalysts. The selectivity towards the cracking reaction was increased by increasing the amount of nickel, the solids possessing 7.9 wt.% Ni showing no detectable cracking activity at temperatures below 350°C. On the other hand, the selectivity towards benzene formation decreased on increasing the extent of nickel in the various solid catalysts. Although catalysts containing 7.9 wt.% nickel showed the smallest catalytic activity, they exhibited the highest selectivity towards benzene formation.
[Color stability of porcelain-fused-to-titanium restorations after repeated firings]. (2004)

Repeated firings will not affect the color stability of porcelain-fused-to-titanium restorations.
Probiotics in Bread and Baked Products: A New Product Category (2013)

The modern human gut is teeming with bacterial cells, mostly located in the colon: about 100 trillion cells in total, representing more than 1,000 species of bacteria. By shaping and maintaining normal mucosal immunity, the intestinal flora forms a “barrier effect” that prevents colonization of the intestine by pathogens and thereby helps the body defend against infections. The delicate balance between microbes can be disturbed by diet, alcohol, contaminated foods, antibiotics, stress, and aging, as well as by digestive disorders and diseases. There is a growing market for foods that contain probiotic bacteria, and a wide variety of probiotic strains are being added to an array of foods. The ability of probiotic strains to survive conditions encountered in industrial manufacturing processes (e.g., temperature, pH, oxygen, etc.) is the main obstacle food manufacturers must overcome. For example, the heat involved in baking can result in significant losses in probiotic viability during the manufacture and s...
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Syntheses of (‐)‐ and (+)‐Homocitric Acid Lactones ( VII). (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
DETERMINANTS OF LYMPHOID-MYELOID LINEAGE DIVERSIFICATION (2006)

In recent years, investigators have made great progress in delineating developmental pathways of several lymphoid and myeloid lineages and in identifying transcription factors that establish and maintain their fate. However, the developmental branching points between these two large cell compartments are still controversial, and little is known about how their diversification is induced. Here, we give an overview of determinants that play a role at lymphoid-myeloid junctures, in particular transcription factors and cytokine receptors. Experiments showing that myeloid lineages can be reversibly reprogrammed into one another by transcription factor network perturbations are used to highlight key principles of lineage commitment. We also discuss experiments showing that lymphoid-to-myeloid but not myeloid-to-lymphoid conversions can be induced by the enforced expression of a single transcription factor. We close by proposing that this asymmetry is related to a higher complexity of transcription factor networks in lymphoid cells compared with myeloid cells, and we suggest that this feature must be considered when searching for mechanisms by which hematopoietic stem cells become committed to lymphoid lineages.
The Land beyond the River. By Jesse Stuart. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1973. 380 pp. $7.95 (1977)

The Land beyond the River. By Jesse Stuart. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1973. 380 pp. $7.95 Get access Glen Edward Taul Glen Edward Taul Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Church and State, Volume 19, Issue 1, Winter 1977, Page 138, https://doi.org/10.1093/jcs/19.1.138 Published: 01 January 1977
Computer immunology (2007)

This review describes a body of work on computational immune systems that behave analogously to the natural immune system. These artificial immune systems (AIS) simulate the behavior of the natural immune system and in some cases have been used to solve practical engineering problems such as computer security. AIS have several strengths that can complement wet lab immunology. It is easier to conduct simulation experiments and to vary experimental conditions, for example, to rule out hypotheses; it is easier to isolate a single mechanism to test hypotheses about how it functions; agent-based models of the immune system can integrate data from several different experiments into a single in silico experimental system.
Design and Synthesis of Antioxidant α-Lipoic Acid Hybrids (2009)

The design and synthesis of hybrid molecules encompassing two pharmacophores in one molecular scaffold is a well-established approach to the synthesis of more potent drugs with dual activity. In this chapter, we will present the most important synthetic methodologies we have applied for the preparation of hybrid compounds containing the "universal antioxidant" alpha-lipoic acid. Experimental details for the synthesis and purification techniques of specific examples of molecules will be given. The synthesized molecules combine antioxidant activity with a variety of other biological activities such as protection against reperfusion arrhythmias, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory activity.
Development of high resolution imaging modules for wireless endoscopic applications (2011)

With advent of Capsule endoscopy (CE), GI tract lesion detection has become much easier for doctors and has lesson the burden on the Gastroscopy and colonoscopy procedures. Capsule endoscopy with its wireless features is leading the way in future diagnostic endoscopy. This work will present a high resolution imaging module and its integration with the wireless module for a full wireless capsule endoscopic application. The image sensor has a pixel resolution of 2.8 um and can operate up to 30 frames per second at 24 MHz clock. Various sub-blocks of imaging module, wireless ASIC+MCU chip module, ANT module, Power management module were integrated with FR4 substrate design. Various design for testing (DFT) features has being done in FR4 substrate and fabricated. Detailed assembly flow was created to assembly all the modules. Assembled module was packaged inside a capsule and ex-vivo animal trials were conducted. The results were encouraging with higher resolution images of GI tracks.
A novel gene encoding a B-box protein within the BRCA1 region at 17q21.1 (1994)

A novel cDNA clone was isolated using a polyclonal serum directed against partially purified ovarian carcinoma antigen CA125. The deduced peptide sequence lacked membrane protein characteristics expected for CA125 but encompassed a B-box/coiled coil motif present in many genes with transformation potential. The gene was mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization within the minimum region known to contain the familial breast/ovarian carcinoma gene, BRCA1. YAC and cosmid clones were isolated and used to refine the location of this gene adjacent and proximal to the RNU2 locus. The exon structure of the gene was determined. Extensive SSCP and sequence analysis of over 100 tumour and normal DNAs from familial and sporadic breast cancers and sporadic ovarian cancers failed to detect mutations in the coding region of this gene.
A user study of the expandable grid applied to P3P privacy policy visualization (2008)

Displaying website privacy policies to consumers in ways they understand is an important part of gaining consumers' trust and informed consent, yet most website privacy policies today are presented in confusing, legalistic natural language. Moreover, because website privacy policy presentations vary from website to website, policies are difficult to compare and it is difficult for consumers to determine which websites offer the best privacy protections. The Platform for Privacy Preferences P3P) addresses part of the problem with natural language policies by providing a formal, machine-readable language for expressing privacy policies in a manner that is standardized across websites. To address remaining problems, an automated tool must be developed to read P3P policies and display them to users in a comprehensible way. To this end, we have developed a P3P policy presentation tool based on the Expandable Grid, a visualization technique for displaying policies in an interactive matrix. In prior work, the Expandable Grid has been shown to work well for displaying file permissions policies, so it appears to hold promise for presenting online privacy policies as well. To evaluate our Expandable Grid interface, we conducted two user studies, an online study with 520 participants and a laboratory study with 12 participants. The studies compared participants' comprehension of privacy policies presented with the Grid interface with their comprehension of the same policies presented in natural language. To our surprise, comprehension of policies was, for the most part, no better with the Grid interface than with natural language. We describe why the Grid interface did not perform well in our study and discuss implications for when and how the Expandable Grid concept can be usefully applied.
Broad-Spectrum β-Lactam Antibiotics for Treating Experimental Peritonitis in Mice Due to Klebsiella pneumoniae Producing the Carbapenemase OXA-48 (2012)

A lethal peritonitis model was induced in mice with a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate producing the carbapenemase OXA-48. Administration of a single dose (up to 100 mg/kg) of the antibiotic piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem-cilastatin, ertapenem, or cefotaxime had little or no impact on lethality. Ceftazidime had the highest efficacy in vivo, which mirrored its in vitro activity; this was not the case for carbapenems. Therefore, ceftazidime may be recommended for the treatment of infections due to OXA-48 producers if they do not coproduce an extended-spectrum β-lactamase or a plasmid-mediated AmpC cephalosporinase.