gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scheme to polarization-correct a waxicon (1982)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. M. A. Azzam, "Scheme to polarization-correct a waxicon," Appl. Opt. 21, 3067-3068 (1982) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Determination of d-Mannose in Serum by Capillary Electrophoresis (2001)

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a newly delineated group of inherited multisystem disorders associated with abnormal glycosylation of glycoproteins (1). In CDG group I, which includes all defects in N -glycan assembly (2), the subgroup CDG type Ib, attributable to phosphomannose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.8.) deficiency, is treatable by mannose supplementation (3). Monitoring of this treatment necessitates the availability of methods to quantify d-mannose in serum.

The determination of mannose in serum is hampered by the presence of an ∼100-fold excess of glucose. Jolley et al. (4) used high-resolution liquid chromatography, whereas Aloia (5) used gas-liquid chromatography after treating the sera with glucose oxidase. Soyama (6) and Akazawa et al. (7) used enzymatic methods that involved treatment with glucose oxidase. In all of these studies, the presence or elimination of glucose remained critical. Pitkanen and Kanninen (8) were able to measure mannose using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. However, this method is not suitable for routine purposes. The assay proposed by Etchison and Freeze (9) involves the elimination of glucose by glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2), followed by the removal of anionic products by a subtle ion-exchange chromatography step. Finally, the mannose concentration is determined enzymatically.

We investigated whether capillary electrophoresis (CE) of fluorophore-labeled carbohydrates was an appropriate method. In the resulting procedure, d-mannose can be determined in small amounts of serum in the presence of d-glucose without loss of selectivity, accuracy, and sensitivity.

1-Aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonate (APTS) was purchased from Lambda Fluoreszenz Technologie GmbH. Sodium cyanoborohydride (1.0 mol/L in tetrahydrofuran) was …
Optimization of 1,3,4-Benzotriazepine-Based CCK<sub>2</sub> Antagonists to Obtain Potent, Orally Active Inhibitors of Gastrin-Mediated Gastric Acid Secretion (2007)

Starting from a novel, achiral 1,3,4-benzotriazepine-based CCK2 receptor antagonist, a process of optimization has afforded further compounds of this type that maintain the nanomolar affinity for recombinant, human CCK2 receptors and high selectivity over CCK1 receptors observed in the initial lead but display more potent inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in vivo. Moreover, this has largely been achieved without altering their potency at wild-type canine and rat receptors, as judged by their displacement of [125I]-BH-CCK-8S in a radioligand binding assay and by their activity in an isolated, perfused rat stomach bioassay, respectively. 2-(5-Cyclohexyl-1-(2-cyclopentyl-2-oxo-ethyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3H-1,3,4-benzotriazepin-3-yl)-N-(3-(5-oxo-2,5-dihydro- [1,2,4]oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl)-acetamide (47) was identified as the most effective compound stemming from this approach, proving to be a potent inhibitor of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats and dogs by intravenous bolus as well as by enteral administration.
Roles for mannitol and mannitol dehydrogenase in active oxygen-mediated plant defense (1998)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are both signal molecules and direct participants in plant defense against pathogens. Many fungi synthesize mannitol, a potent quencher of ROS, and there is growing evidence that at least some phytopathogenic fungi use mannitol to suppress ROS-mediated plant defenses. Here we show induction of mannitol production and secretion in the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata in the presence of host-plant extracts. Conversely, we show that the catabolic enzyme mannitol dehydrogenase is induced in a non-mannitol-producing plant in response to both fungal infection and specific inducers of plant defense responses. This provides a mechanism whereby the plant can counteract fungal suppression of ROS-mediated defenses by catabolizing mannitol of fungal origin.
Nanobiodiversity and Biomimetic Adhesives Development: From Nature to Production and Application (2019)

Advances in science and technology, especially in bioprospecting and biomimetics, have provided solutions to everyday problems over time. Through bioengineering, research and the discovery of the mechanisms present in nature for the production and functionality of adhesives, different materials and substances capable of imitating the role of their analogs in nature have been developed, which generates positive consequences in the area of the medical, textile, wood industry, among others. In this review, we present some researches and discoveries that have been made, which focus on the way in which adhesives produced by organisms found in nature are made, such as: marine organisms, plants, land organisms, insects, among others. In addition, different types of adhesives that exist and how they can be produced synthetically to be oriented to several industrial applications are mentioned, too.
PLASTICIZATION OF WOOD BY ACETYLATION WITH TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID PRETREATMENT (1986)

Acetylation with the conventional method does not confer thermofluidity to wood. However, wood acetylated by the trifluoroacetic anhydride-acetic acid medium (TFAA method) shows an apparent melting behavior at around 300°C. In this case, action of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as an agent for effectively cleaving some of the lignin's intramolecular bonding can be postulated. Based on these finding, a kind of simulation of the TFAA method has been attempted. That is, in order to confer thermoplasticity to acetylated wood, acetic acid used in the conventional pretreatment has been replaced by TFA. By using TFA as pretreatment agent and employing other adequate conditions for the pretreatment, acetylated wood with thermofluidity was able to be obtained. This acetylation method is basically a conventional one except the pretreatment. What is more interesting is that the acetylated wood thus obtained shows an apparent melting temperature of about 210°C. This temperature is about 90°C lower than the known apparent melting temperature (flow temperature) of cellulose acetate. The low flow temperature of the wood acetylated after the TFA-containing pretreatment can be experimentally attributed to plasticization of cellulose acetate by acetylated lignin within the acetylated wood.
Almost Triggerless Writeset Extraction in Multiversioned Databases (2009)

Efficient writeset extraction and application is crucial in modern database replication protocols since they execute all transaction operations in a delegate replica, collecting and propagating the updates to all replicas when transactions request commitment. In order to ensure portability, such replication protocols can be implemented in a middleware and some of such middleware systems use triggers for managing writeset collection. MADIS is an example of such systems. It has been developed assuming PostgreSQL as its underlying DBMS. Thus, its protocols are usually oriented to enforce snapshot isolation and rely on multiversioned concurrency control. PostgreSQL provides in its catalog information regarding its multiversioned control and such information can be used by the replication middleware for improving its writeset collection and application performance, without requiring any knowledge about DBMS's internals nor compromising the independence between the middleware and the DBMS layer. This paper describes an almost triggerless fully-user-space approach for writeset extraction in the MADIS middleware database replication system, comparing its performance with a minimal implementation based on triggers.
Bildung siliciumorganischer Verbindungen. IX. Gewinnung ringförmiger chlorierter Siliciummethylen‐Verbindungen (Cyclocarbosilane) aus CH<sub>3</sub>SiCl<sub>3</sub>, (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SiCl<sub>2</sub> und (CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>SiCl (1959)

Abstract Durch thermische Zersetzung der Methylchlorsilane bei 700°C lassen sich chlorierte Siliciummethylen‐Verbindungen gewinnen. Es bilden sich flüssige Verbindungen verschiedener Viskosität, farblose kristalline Substanzen und gelbe bis rote schmelzbare, benzollösliche Verbindungen. Es werden die Bedingungen und Ergebnisse der präparativen Herstellung und die Eigenschaften der Reaktionsprodukte aus den drei Methylchlorsilanen beschrieben. Bisher wurden isoliert: equation image Aus (CH 3 ) 2 SiCl 2 : Si 3 Cl 6 C 3 H 6 (krist.). In allen Verbindungen sind die Siliciumatome über je ein Kohlenstoffatom verbunden. Die Verbindungen mit drei und mehr Si‐Atomen sind ringförmig gebaut (Si‐chlorierte Cyclocarbosilane).
Improving Velocity Analysis Beneath a Submarine Canyon Using Velocity Re-datuming (1991)

A number of large submarine canyons are present in the Gippsland Basin. These canyons cause seismic rays to be refracted in a complicated manner, such that in time-offset (t, y) space, events beneath the canyon do not have hyperbolic moveout. Using model seismic data constructed by ray-tracing over typical canyon profiles, CMP gathers are analyzed by considering three parameters measured in t2-y2 space: Vstack, T0 and the RMS error value. Vstack is calculated from the slope of the best-fit line, To is calculated from the intercept of the best-fit line, and the RMS error measures how badly the event picks are positioned with respect to this line. Reference values for Vstack and T0 are Vrms and the two-way normal incidence time respectively and are calculated from the zero-offset model data. Analyzing the errors in the three parameters reveals that the Vstack parameter is the most sensitive to the presence of these canyons with relative errors exceeding 60%. Conventional replacement statics do not remove all of these errors. In particular, errors in T0 are increased, while errors in Vstack> calculated with the water layer replaced, are only partially reduced when referenced to Vrms derived from the corresponding zero-offset, replaced model. A modified replacement static technique called "velocity re-datuming" when applied to the model seismic data, reduces the errors in Vstack beneath the canyon to about 5%. The method only requires a water bottom profile and is not computer intensive. It is used only to estimate velocities for post-stack migration. Field data are stacked without replacement statics to avoid the increased errors in T0. Velocities derived by velocity re-datuming are applied to post-stack data for better migration and depth conversion of stacked seismic data in the Gippsland Basin.
Silicon Solar Cells Fabricated by Ion Implantation and Laser Annealing (1980)

Silicon solar cells are fabricated using ion implantation and laser annealing. An AM1 conversion efficiency of 10.5% is obtained without an antireflection coating in a cell ion-implanted with 4×10 15 P + ions/cm 2 at 25 keV and laser annealed using a Q-switched ruby laser. This efficiency increases after low temperature furnace annealing as a result of improvement in open circuit voltage ( V oc ) and fill factor ( FF ). The dependence of V oc on furnace annealing temperature is examined by diode characteristics measurements and deep-level transient spectroscopy. The fact that V oc increases and diode reverse current density decreases as the furnace annealing temperature increases is related to the decrease in the number of residual defects near the junction.
Fluorescent lighting, headaches and eyestrain (1989)

The weekly incidence of headaches among office workers was compared when the offices were lit by fluorescent lighting where the fluorescent tubes were operated by (a) a conventional switch-start circuit with choke ballast providing illumination that pulsated with a modulation depth of 43-49% and a principal frequency component at 100 Hz; (b) an electronic start circuit with choke ballast giving illumination with similar characteristics; (c) an electronic ballast driving the lamps at about 32 kHz and reducing the 100 Hz modulation to less than 7%. In a double-blind cross-over design, the average incidence of headaches and eyestrain was more than halved under high-frequency lighting. The incidence was unaffected by the speed with which the tubes ignited. Headaches tended to decrease with the height of the office above the ground and thus with increasing natural light. Office occupants chose to switch on the high-frequency lighting for 30% longer on average.
Reflective display with photoconductive layer and bistable reflective cholesteric mixture (1997)

Abstract— A reflective display was developed using a bistable reflective cholesteric formulation. It was addressed by using a photoconductive layer. An image was written on the liquid‐crystal layer by transmitting white light through a TFT‐LCD or slide film. Because the cholesteric materials are bistable, the displayed image remains after the applied voltage is removed and even when irradiated with intense light.
Iterative normalization of cDNA microarray data (2002)

This paper describes a new approach to normalizing microarray expression data. The novel feature is to unify the tasks of estimating normalization coefficients and identifying control gene set. Unification is realized by constructing a window function over the scatter plot defining the subset of constantly expressed genes and by affecting optimization using an iterative procedure. The structure of window function gates contributions to the control gene set used to estimate normalization coefficients. This window measures the consistency of the matched neighborhoods in the scatter plot and provides a means of rejecting control gene outliers. The recovery of normalizational regression and control gene selection are interleaved and are realized by applying coupled operations to the mean square error function. In this way, the two processes bootstrap one another. We evaluate the technique on real microarray data from breast cancer cell lines and complement the experiment with a data cluster visualization study.
Autobiography (2001)

This addition to the acclaimed New Critical Idiom series offers a wide-ranging introduction to the study of autobiography and a historical overview of autobiographical writing from St Augustine to the present day.Autobiography follows the important developments in autobiographical criticism in the last thirty years, paying particular attention to psychoanalytic, poststructualist and feminist approaches. Autobiography: outlines the main theoretical issues and concepts of this area looks at the different forms from confessions to narratives to memoirs to diaries considers the major writers of this tradition looks at the ideological assumptions about the nature of the self.
Using airborne lidar to retrieve crop structural parameters (2010)

Airborne LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is an active remote sensing technique that measures the properties of scattered light to determine the range and intensity information of a distant target. Many studies have been reported on estimating a suite of forest characteristics such as fractional vegetation cover, leaf area index and canopy height using LIDAR data. The three characteristics of crop canopy also play key roles in vegetation radiative transfer models and yield estimation. But crops are so small and low that more than 95% pulses have ground hit, it is difficult to separate the crop and soil completely, so the methods used in forest may not be suitable for crops. In this paper, based on theoretical analysis, we propose a new method, trying to derive gap fraction of crop field using the airborne LIDAR intensity of ground hits, so we can manage to retrieve the fractional vegetation cover, LAI and the height of crop canopy. We choose corn field as study object, field validation shows that our method can accurately retrieve the three structural parameters of corn field. This study documents the great potential of LIDAR remote sensing for accurately characterizing crop canopies.
Aerial projection of three-dimensional motion pictures by electro-holography and parabolic mirrors (2015)

We demonstrate an aerial projection system for reconstructing 3D motion pictures based on holography. The system consists of an optical source, a spatial light modulator corresponding to a display and two parabolic mirrors. The spatial light modulator displays holograms calculated by computer and can reconstruct holographic motion pictures near the surface of the modulator. The two parabolic mirrors can project floating 3D images of the motion pictures formed by the spatial light modulator without mechanical scanning or rotating. In this demonstration, we used a phase-modulation-type spatial light modulator. The number of pixels and the pixel pitch of the modulator were 1,080 × 1,920 and 8.0 μm × 8.0 μm, respectively. The diameter, the height and the focal length of each parabolic mirror were 288 mm, 55 mm and 100 mm, respectively. We succeeded in aerially projecting 3D motion pictures of size ~2.5 mm(3) by this system constructed by the modulator and mirrors. In addition, by applying a fast computational algorithm for holograms, we achieved hologram calculations at ~12 ms per hologram with 4 CPU cores.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:math>Channeling in a Rotating Plasma (2008)

The wave-particle alpha-channeling effect is generalized to include rotating plasma. Specifically, radio frequency waves can resonate with alpha particles in a mirror machine with ExB rotation to diffuse the alpha particles along constrained paths in phase space. Of major interest is that the alpha-particle energy, in addition to amplifying the rf waves, can directly enhance the rotation energy which in turn provides additional plasma confinement in centrifugal fusion reactors. An ancillary benefit is the rapid removal of alpha particles, which increases the fusion reactivity.
Usability Testing (2001)

How information is presented in an informed consent form can mean the difference between success and failure in a research project.
Mutations in the Dystrophin-Associated Protein γ-Sarcoglycan in Chromosome 13 Muscular Dystrophy (1995)

Severe childhood autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy (SCARMD) is a progressive muscle-wasting disorder common in North Africa that segregates with microsatellite markers at chromosome 13q12. Here, it is shown that a mutation in the gene encoding the 35-kilodalton dystrophin-associated glycoprotein, gamma-sarcoglycan, is likely to be the primary genetic defect in this disorder. The human gamma-sarcoglycan gene was mapped to chromosome 13q12, and deletions that alter its reading frame were identified in three families and one of four sporadic cases of SCARMD. These mutations not only affect gamma-sarcoglycan but also disrupt the integrity of the entire sarcoglycan complex.
Mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and regulation of eNOS expression during experimental myocardial necrosis by alpha-mangostin, a xanthonic derivative from<i>Garcinia mangostana</i> (2009)

Oxidative stress can play a key role in myocardial necrosis. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of alpha-mangostin (an antioxidant phytonutrient) on mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression during isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. Induction of rats with isoproterenol (ISO) (150 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) for 2 days resulted in a significant decrease in the activities of respiratory chain enzymes (NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase), tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase), mitochondrial antioxidants (GPx, GST, SOD, CAT, and GSH), mitochondrial cytochromes (b, c, c1, and aa3), and adenosine triphosphate level. A marked elevation in mitochondrial lipid peroxidation was also observed in ISO-intoxicated rats. Pretreatment with alpha-mangostin (200 mg/kg body weight) orally for 8 days significantly attenuated these functional abnormalities and restored normal mitochondrial function, when compared to the ISO-intoxicated group of rats. Cardiac eNOS expression was assessed by Western blot. Cardiac eNOS expression and NO level were significantly suppressed in ISO-intoxicated rats. Pretreatment with alpha-mangostin extenuated ISO-induced diminution of eNOS expression and NO level. Transmission electron microscopic observations also correlated with these biochemical parameters. Hence, these findings conclude the ameliorative potential of alpha-mangostin against ISO-induced biochemical and morphological changes in mitochondria, which might be mediated through the NO pathway and by its ability at quenching free radicals.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Mammalian Protein Kinase Harboring a Homology Domain that Defines a Subfamily of Serine/Threonine Kinases (1996)

The cDNA of a novel protein kinase (referred to as SNRK) was isolated from a rat fat cell cDNA library with a probe generated by a cloning approach based on the polymerase chain reaction. The encoded polypeptide (746 amino acids, Mr=81627) contains all conserved subdomains characteristic of the protein serine/threonine kinase family. A recombinant fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase catalysed autophosphorylation as well as phosphorylation of histone, confirming that SNRK has indeed protein kinase activity. By Northern blot hybridization, a 5-kb mRNA was detected in brain, heart, fat cells, intestine, testis, ovary, adrenal gland and thymus. In 3T3-L1 cells. SNRK was specifically expressed in the differentiated, adipocyte-like phenotype, whereas its mRNA was not detected in fibroblasts. Sequence comparisons of its catalytic domain relate SNRK to the SNF1 family of protein kinases. The noncatalytic domain comprises several intriguing structural features, including a glycine-rich region, two PEST sequences, and a bipartite nuclear localization signal which is preceded by a stretch of ten consecutive acidic residues. This part of the sequence exhibits no extended similarity with other proteins. In addition, we detected a high degree of sequence similarity with other SNF1-related proteinases in a small region (30-35 amino acids) flanking the C-terminus of the catalytic domain. This domain (designated the SNH domain) appears to define the subfamily of SNF1-related protein kinases and might represent a new type of regulatory domain of protein kinases.