gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Strobilurin Analogues Containing 1,2,4‐Triazole Oxime Ether Moiety (2014)

Strobilurins are a class of important agricultural fungicides that are used widely in plant protection. To find new strobilurin analogues with high activity against resistant pathogens, a series of new strobilurin derivatives bearing 1,2,4‐triazole oxime ether side chain 3a , 3b , 3c , 3d , 3e , 3f , 3g , 3h were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1 H NMR, EIMS, and elemental analyses. Bioassays indicated that some of the compounds showed good fungicidal activities in the concentration of 50 mg/L. For example, compound 3f possessed 100%, 100%, and 95.5% inhibition against Fusarium omysporum , Physalospora piricola Nose, and Gibberella saubinetii at the concentration of 50 mg/L, respectively.
Epilogue: Bruckner and his contexts (2009)

The aim of this study has categorically not been simply to set up and resolve various components of the ‘Bruckner problem’ one after the other, as if these problems, and in fact those accruing to the life and work of any composer, simply dissolve under interdisciplinary scrutiny. Neither has it been to assert that such matters are in all cases irremediable except from an interdisciplinary, or broadly critical, perspective. Rather, it has been to point out the benefit to our understanding of Bruckner's symphonies of allowing them to act as the focus for a variety of methodological debates. This responds to a fundamental tendency to perceive contentious issues as methodologically self-contained: the idea that editorial and textual dilemmas demand exclusively philological solutions, or that biographical clichés will disperse if the appropriate biographical evidence is marshalled. It may, instead, be productive to view such problems as points of disciplinary convergence: editorial disagreements arise as much from analytical perceptions or from trends in reception history as they do from textual difficulties; biography becomes entangled in hermeneutic, analytical or historical agendas.
Role of c‐Fes in Normal and Neoplastic Hematopoiesis (1996)

The study of oncogenes has provided numerous insights, not only into the mechanisms by which growth regulation becomes uncontrolled in cancer cells, but also into signal transduction processes which regulate the orderly proliferation and maturation of cells. c-fes/fps is a cellular oncogene which has been transduced frequently by mammalian and avian retroviruses. There are several features about Fes which suggest it may play a unique role in myeloid cell growth and differentiation. While it contains a tyrosine kinase and SH2 domain, there is no SH3 domain or carboxy terminal regulatory phosphotyrosine such as found in the Src family of kinases. Fes has a unique N-terminal domain of over 400 amino acids of unknown function. It has been implicated in signaling by a variety of hematopoietic growth factors, and is predominantly a nuclear protein.
Quantitative analysis, Form N (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTQuantitative analysis, Form NH. E. Wilcox Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 5, 245Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1958Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 May 1958Published inissue 1 May 1958https://doi.org/10.1021/ed035p245.1RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views326Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (357 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
On Entropy Approxilllation for Gaussian Mixture Randolll Vectors (2008)

This work was partially supported by the German Research Founda­ tion (DFG) within the Research Training Group GRK 1194 Self-organizing Sensor-Actuator-Networks. . densities are a popular representation of non-Gaussian densi­ ties. They are a universal function approximator in that, given a sufficient number of components, they can approximate any smooth function to arbitrary accuracy [6]. They also tend to be a useful representation in practice for multivariate densities. However, there is no known closed-form solution to dif­ ferential entropy for Gaussian mixtures. There exist several approximations in the literature, including loose upper and lower bounds, but the only existent approximation that can be demonstrated to converge to the true entropy relies on expensive random sampling methods. Other approximations offer either very loose bounds or can be shown to deviate from the true entropy in an arbitrary fashion and hence, are of limited usefulness. In this paper, we present a novel approximation to differen­ tial entropy for Gaussian mixture random vectors based on Taylor-series expansions. For each Gaussian mixture com­ ponent, a Taylor-series expansion of the logarithm of the Gaussian mixture is determined as described in Section IV, which facilitates an analytical evaluation of the entropy measure. Additionally, a splitting technique for Gaussian densities is employed in Section IV-B in order to avoid Gaus­ sian components with high variance, which would require computationally expensive higher order expansion terms. Through the use of higher-order terms or component splitting it is possible to obtain an entropy approximation, which is of practical usefulness and versatile applicability as it • permits a tradeoff between computational demand and accuracy
Two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of the proteins and glycoproteins of purified human platelet surface and intracellular membranes (1984)

By using highly purified surface and intracellular membrane fractions prepared from human platelets by free-flow electrophoresis, the polypeptide and glycopeptides of these membranes have been characterized by high-resolution gel electrophoresis under reducing and non-reducing conditions. Silver staining and a variety of glycoprotein-staining procedures have been applied to identify the major components. The principal finding was the clear disparity between the distribution patterns for these two membrane fractions. There are proportionately more low-Mr acidic components present in the intracellular membrane than in the surface-derived membrane. Of the major platelet surface glycoproteins GPIb, IIb, IIIa and IIIb (or IV) well expressed in the surface membrane only, GPIIb and IIIa appear as trace components in the intracellular membrane. The cytoskeleton proteins, actin, myosin, tropomyosin, actin-binding protein and alpha-actinin are prominent features of the surface membrane and essentially absent from the intracellular membrane. Neuraminidase treatment at the whole-cell level, before homogenization, which is an essential requirement for good resolution of the two membrane subfractions, modifies a number of the glycoprotein subunits with respect to their pI characteristics, suggesting much molecular micro-heterogeneity with respect to sialic acid content. A comparison of the staining characteristics of the major glycoproteins with periodic acid/Schiff's reagent and concanavalin A/peroxidase detection and a combined procedure revealed significant differences in associated carbohydrate structures, and the major concanavalin A-binding component was shown to be GPIIIa. These observations are discussed in the context of functional activities of both membrane systems in the physiological behaviour of the platelet.
Room-temperature photo-pumped operation of 1.58-μm vertical-cavity lasers fabricated on Si substrates using wafer bonding (1996)

Long-wavelength vertical cavity lasers have been successfully fabricated on Si substrates using direct wafer bonding. InGaAs-InGaAsP multiquantum-well active layers with 40.5-pair InGaAsP-InP stacked mirrors have been directly bonded on 3.5-pair Al <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> /a-Si mirrors deposited on Si substrates. The sample has been optically pumped at room temperature and lasing operation at 1.58-μm has been achieved.
Perchlorate-tainted wells spur government action (1998)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTPerchlorate-tainted wells spur government actionRebecca RennerCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 9, 210APublication Date (Web):June 8, 2011Publication History Published online8 June 2011Published inissue 1 May 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es983489thttps://doi.org/10.1021/es983489tresearch-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views91Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Direct Observation of Odd−Even Effect for Chiral Alkyl Alcohols in Solution Using Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy (2003)

The odd-even effect of chiral alkyl alcohols, (S)-CH(3)CHOHC(n)()H(2)(n)()(+1) (n = 2-8), in solution state has been observed spectroscopically for the first time. The vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) bands at 1148 cm(-)(1) exhibit a clear odd-even effect. The observed VCD bands of (R)-(-)-2-hexanol correspond well to those predicted (population weighted). Density functional theory calculations indicate that the most prevalent conformations in solution are the all-trans forms. The odd-even effect of the VCD bands is ascribed to the alternating terminal methyl motions in the alkyl chains relative to fixed motions near the chiral center in the trans conformations. The conformational sensitivity of VCD for the chiral alcohols in the solution state may be useful for the design of liquid crystals and ligands in the future.
Multi-spectral pyrometry—a review (2017)

In pyrometry measurements, the unknown target emissivity is a critical source of uncertainty, especially when the emissivity is low. Aiming to overcome this problem, various multi-spectral pyrometry systems and processing techniques have been proposed in the literature. Basically, all multi-spectral systems are based on the same principle: the radiation emitted by the target is measured at different channels having different spectral characteristics, and the emissivity is modelled as a function of wavelength with adjustable parameters to be obtained empirically, resulting in a system of equations whose solution is the target temperature and the parameters of the emissivity function. The present work reviews the most important multi-spectral developments. Concerning the spectral width of the measurement channels, multi-spectral systems are divided into multi-wavelength (monochromatic channels) and multi-band (wide-band channels) systems. Regarding the number of unknowns and equations (one equation per channel), pyrometry systems can either be determined (same number of unknowns and equations, having a unique solution) or overdetermined (more equations than unknowns, to be solved by least-squares). Generally, higher-order multi-spectral systems are overdetermined, since the uncertainty of the solutions obtained from determined systems increases as the number of channels increases, so that determined systems normally have less than four channels. In terms of the spectral characteristics of the measurement channels, narrow bands, far apart from each other and shifted towards lower wavelengths, seem to provide more accurate solutions. Many processing techniques have been proposed, but they strongly rely on the relationship between emissivity and wavelength, which is, in turn, strongly dependent on the characteristics of a particular target. Several accurate temperature and/or emissivity results have been reported, but no universally accepted multi-spectral technique has yet been developed.
The Future of Transparency: Power, Pitfalls and Promises (2010)

The growing attention to transparency is not an accidental and fashionable wave, soon to be replaced by another timely topic in environmental governance. Transparency is here to stay and to further develop in environmental politics, as it piggy-backs on a number of wider social developments. In assessing the achievements of transparency to date, this article concludes that it has on balance been positive for democracy. But this overall positive past assessment does not automatically extend into the future, as new challenges (and thus new research agendas) lie ahead. The growing importance attached to transparency in environmental politics ensures that it becomes a central object of power struggles, with uncertain outcomes in terms of democracy as well as environmental effects. Markets and states seek to capture transparency arrangements for their own goals, which may not necessarily be in line with assumed normative linkages between transparency, democracy and participation.
Autoradiographic localization of dopamine DA‐1 receptors in the rat renal vasculature using [<sup>3</sup>H]‐SCH 23390 as a ligand (1990)

1. The localization of the selective dopamine (DA) DA-1 receptor antagonist [3H]-SCH 23390 was studied in sections of rat kidney using combined radioreceptor binding and autoradiographic techniques to identify the target of DA-1 receptors in renal vasculature. 2. Binding data were consistent with the labelling by [3H]-SCH 23390 of a single population of high affinity DA-1 sites. The apparent dissociation constant value (Kd) was 4.2 nM and the maximum binding capacity value (Bmax) was 140.6 +/- 6.5 fmol mg-1 tissue. Selective DA-1 or mixed DA-1 and DA-2 receptor antagonists or agonists were able to antagonize dose-dependently [3H]-SCH 23390 binding to sections of rat kidney. DA-2 receptor selective antagonists were ineffective. 3. Light microscope autoradiography using sections exposed to nuclear emulsion for 2 weeks revealed development of specific silver grains only within proximal cortical tubules. Longer exposure times (10 weeks) caused the development of specific silver grains in proximal and distal cortical tubules and in the medial layer of intrarenal arteries. 4. Quantitative analysis of the density of silver grains within the cortical tubules and the medial layer of intrarenal arteries revealed a significantly higher density of binding sites in proximal cortical tubules than in the vasculature or in distal cortical tubules. No significant differences in the density of silver grains in the medial layer of interlobar arcuate or cortical radial arteries were observed. 5. These results suggest that, using adequate ligand concentrations and exposure times for autoradiography, both tubular and vascular DA-1 receptors can be visualized in the rat kidney. The observation of a higher density of proximal tubules DA-1 receptors is consistent with the hypothesis of a more important role of DA-1 receptors in the control of natriuresis than of renal haemodynamics.
Solid-Phase Synthesis of BRL 49653 (1999)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTSolid-Phase Synthesis of BRL 49653Kay M. Brummond and Jianliang LuView Author Information Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045 Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 5, 1723–1726Publication Date (Web):February 17, 1999Publication History Received22 September 1998Published online17 February 1999Published inissue 1 March 1999https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo981931khttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo981931kbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1999 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views556Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Crystal cleavage,Lipids,Molecules,Pharmaceuticals Get e-Alerts
Ghost-Free High Dynamic Range Imaging via Rank Minimization (2014)

We propose a ghost-free high dynamic range (HDR) image synthesis algorithm using a low-rank matrix completion framework, which we call RM-HDR. Based on the assumption that irradiance maps are linearly related to low dynamic range (LDR) image exposures, we formulate ghost region detection as a rank minimization problem. We incorporate constraints on moving objects, i.e., sparsity, connectivity, and priors on under- and over-exposed regions into the framework. Experiments on real image collections show that the RM-HDR can often provide significant gains in synthesized HDR image quality over state-of-the-art approaches. Additionally, a complexity analysis is performed which reveals computational merits of RM-HDR over recent advances in deghosting for HDR.
Percutaneous Mesh Expansion: A Regenerative Wound Closure Alternative (2017)

Therapeutic, IV.
Antinociceptive effect of intracerebroventricularly administered histamine in rats. (1985)

Intracerebroventricularly (icv) administered histamine produced a dose-related antinociceptive effect in rats, using the rat tail-hot wire technique as the experimental parameter. The H1-receptor agonist, 2-methyl-histamine, given icv, also induced marked antinociception, whereas the H2-receptor agonist, 4-methylhistamine, produced relatively weaker and transient antinociception. Histamine-induced antinociception was significantly inhibited by mepyramine, a H1-receptor antagonist, but not by cimetidine, a H2-receptor antagonist. 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine, a specific serotonin neuronolytic agent, and p-chlorophenylalanine, which selectively inhibits serotonin synthesis, markedly inhibited the antinociceptive effect of histamine, which was also attenuated by naloxone, an antagonist for endogenous opioid receptors, and by dexamethasone, which is known to reduce central endorphin concentrations. On the contrary, the effect of histamine was potentiated by adrenalectomy and by metyrapone, an inhibitor of endogenous corticoid synthesis, which are known to enhance central endorphins.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength as-cast Ti-15-3 alloy (2002)

The effects of heat treatment and solidification cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as cast Ti 15 3 alloy prepared by induction skull melting method were investigated. Results show that the microstructure of as cast Ti 15 3 alloy changes from the features of simplified and larger size of beta grains to finer grain size with increasing solidification cooling rate. After solution treatment and different ageing treatment, alpha phase precipitates in grains interior as well as in grain boundaries. Due to the modification of the precipitate phase, the tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are improved simultaneously. A good combination of the values of 1.406?GPa of σ b and 4.5% of δ was obtained, which will be satisfied the use of this kind of alloy in critical areas.
Postnatal Development of Numbers and Mean Sizes of Pancreatic Islets and Beta-Cells in Healthy Mice and GIPRdn Transgenic Diabetic Mice (2011)

The aim of this study was to examine postnatal islet and beta-cell expansion in healthy female control mice and its disturbances in diabetic GIPR(dn) transgenic mice, which exhibit an early reduction of beta-cell mass. Pancreata of female control and GIPR(dn) transgenic mice, aged 10, 45, 90 and 180 days were examined, using state-of-the-art quantitative-stereological methods. Total islet and beta-cell volumes, as well as their absolute numbers increased significantly until 90 days in control mice, and remained stable thereafter. The mean islet volumes of controls also increased slightly but significantly between 10 and 45 days of age, and then remained stable until 180 days. The total volume of isolated beta-cells, an indicator of islet neogenesis, and the number of proliferating (BrdU-positive) islet cells were highest in 10-day-old controls and declined significantly between 10 and 45 days. In GIPR(dn) transgenic mice, the numbers of islets and beta-cells were significantly reduced from 10 days of age onwards vs. controls, and no postnatal expansion of total islet and beta-cell volumes occurred due to a reduction in islet neogenesis whereas early islet-cell proliferation and apoptosis were unchanged as compared to control mice. Insulin secretion in response to pharmacological doses of GIP was preserved in GIPR(dn) transgenic mice, and serum insulin to pancreatic insulin content in response to GLP-1 and arginine was significantly higher in GIPR(dn) transgenic mice vs. controls. We could show that the increase in islet number is mainly responsible for expansion of islet and beta-cell mass in healthy control mice. GIPR(dn) transgenic mice show a disturbed expansion of the endocrine pancreas, due to perturbed islet neogenesis.
Problems with wirebonding on probe marks and possible solutions (2004)

As density of VLSI devices continues to increase at a rapid rate, extensive efforts are being made in development of fine pitch wirebond for IC packages to utilize higher U0 bonds required for recent fme pitch wirebond applications, the effect of the probe mark under the wirebond ball is counts while shrinking chip sizes. With the small size of ball
Growth and Defect Structure of Sapphire Microcrystals (1957)

Examination of small euhedral crystals of α-Al2O3 (sapphire) that were observed following oxidation of aluminum and an aluminum alloy in wet hydrogen at high temperatures showed that growth probably occurs by decomposition of AlO on an Al2O3 surface. Rapid growth occurs on the tips of needles and the edges of platelets at lattice steps formed by intersection of hollow screw dislocations with these surfaces. Screw dislocations were detected by x-ray measurement of the lattice twist they produce in the needle-like crystals or ``whiskers.'' Needles were bent to elastic strains of over 2% corresponding to a strength of 1011 dyne cm−2.