gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A class of order statistic LMS algorithms (1992)

Conventional gradient-based adaptive filters, as typified by the well-known LMS algorithm, use an instantaneous estimate of the error-surface gradient to update the filter coefficients. Such a strategy leaves the algorithm extremely vulnerable to impulsive interference. A class of adaptive algorithms employing order statistic filtering of the sampled gradient estimates is presented. These algorithms, dubbed order statistic least mean squares (OSLMS), are designed to facilitate adaptive filter performance close to the least squares optimum across a wide range of input environments from Gaussian to highly impulsive. Three specific OSLMS filters are defined: the median LMS, the average LMS, and the trimmed-mean LMS. The properties of these algorithms are investigated and the potential for improvement demonstrated. Finally, a general adaptive OSLMS scheme in which the nature of the order-statistic operator is also adapted in response to the statistics of the input signal is presented. It is shown that this can facilitate performance gains over a wide range of input data types.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A phase Ib/II study evaluating activity and tolerability of BTK inhibitor PCI-32765 and ofatumumab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) and related diseases. (2012)

6508 Background: Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a non-receptor kinase that is critical for B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in normal and malignant B lymphocytes. PCI-32765 (P), an oral, potent and irreversible BTK inhibitor, antagonizes BCR signaling in CLL cells and abrogates protective features of the microenvironment. P is highly active as a single agent in CLL/SLL patients (pts), and this phase Ib/II study builds upon single-agent experience by combining P with ofatumumab (O), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. We present initial safety and efficacy data from cohort 1. Methods: Pts with relapsed/refractory (R/R) CLL/SLL following ≥2 prior therapies (Tx), including a purine-nucleoside analog (PA), are treated with 420 mg P daily, in 28-day cycles, until disease progression. O is added at a dose of 300 mg on day (D) 1 of cycle 2, followed by 2000 mg on D8, 15, and 22 of cycle 2, D1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycle 3, and on D1 of cycles 5-8. Results: As of November 2011, 27 patients with either CLL/SLL/PLL (n=24) or Richter’s transformation (RT, n=3) have been enrolled and have received at least 6 cycles of treatment. The median age is 66 (range 51-85), 9 were Rai stage III/IV. Median number of prior Tx is 3 (range 2-10), 15 pts had bulky disease (> 5 cm); 11 pts were PA refractory. Poor-risk molecular features were common (del(17p) 10 pts, del(11q) 9 pts). No grade (G) 3 or 4 infusion reactions, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia have been observed. The majority of adverse events (AE) were G1/2. G3/4 AE included anemia (11%), pneumonia (11%), UTI (7%), hyponatremia (7%). 24/24 CLL/SLL/PLL pts have achieved PR (100% ORR) within 6 cycles; 2/3 RT pts had PR. With median follow-up of 6.5 mo (range 5.3-10.2 mo), 23 CLL/SLL/PLL pts and 1 RT pt remain on study; 1 CLL/SLL pt went to transplant in PR; 2 RT pts progressed. Conclusions: PCI-32765 combined with ofatumumab is well tolerated and highly active (100% ORR) in pts with heavily pre-treated R/R CLL/SLL. Rapid onset of response, low relapse rate, and favorable safety profile make this combination worthy of further study. Cohorts evaluating other Tx sequences are currently underway.
Anodic Dissolution and Passivation of Silicon in Hydrazine (1990)

Anodic dissolution and passivation of silicon in aqueous hydrazine has been studied. The current‐voltage characteristics of anodic‐biased silicon wafers, (100) oriented n‐ and p‐type with various doping concentrations, in hydrazine were examined. It is found that there is a critical current density for anodic biased silicon to be passivated in hydrazine solution. A mechanism of p‐n junction etch‐stop is proposed in which p‐n junction leakage current and critical passivation current density (CPI) are two determining parameters. For n‐type silicon, the CPI is found to be about 60 μA/mm2, independent of its resistivity; whereas for p‐type silicon the CPI depends on silicon resistivity. The different behavior of anodic biased n‐ and p‐type silicon wafers in hydrazine is attributed to the existence of surface states and their effects on the surface potential as well as the availability of holes at surface.
Multiple output of dual half bridge LLC resonant converter using PFM-PD control (2009)

This paper proposes the multiple output of dual half bridge LLC resonant converter using PFM-PD control. For the main output, dual half bridge LLC resonant converter controlled by pulse frequency modulation (PFM) is used. For the sub output, multiple outputs scheme is configured and operated by phase delay (PD) control. Since the control variables, PFM and PD, have little mutual effect, the sub output voltage can be regulated for a wide input and load range. All MOSFETs achieved ZVS and all rectifier diodes attained ZCS for the whole load range. The modes of operation are investigated and then steady state characteristics of the proposed converter are analyzed. A 320 V-400 V input, 24 V/20 A, 5 V/16 A hardware prototype is realized with dsPIC33FJ16GS502 and tested to verify the performances of the proposed multiple output converters.
On the development and use of fast atom beams for the SIMS analysis of polymers and insulators (1984)

A commercial ion gun has been modified to generate a diffuse neutral beam for molecular secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The mechanism of the ion neutralization process used is summarized. Applications of fast-atom molecular SIMS on insulating specimens are also described.
A Universal Approach for the Self‐Assembly of Hydrophilic Nanoparticles into Ordered Monolayer Films at a Toluene/Water Interface (2006)

Making films: Removal of most of the toluene from a two-phase toluene/water mixture causes nanoparticles present at the liquid–liquid interface to pack closely together in an ordered monolayer film (MLF). This MLF can be removed from the interface for further study. Supporting Information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z504595_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Applying data mining to telecom churn management (2005)

Taiwan deregulated its wireless telecommunication services in 1997. Fierce competition followed, and churn management becomes a major focus of mobile operators to retain subscribers via satisfying their needs under resource constraints. One of the challenges is churner prediction. Through empirical evaluation, this study compares various data mining techniques that can assign a ‘propensity-to-churn’ score periodically to each subscriber of a mobile operator. The results indicate that both decision tree and neural network techniques can deliver accurate churn prediction models by using customer demographics, billing information, contract/service status, call detail records, and service change log.
Ion composition measurement techniques for space plasmas (abstract) (1990)

Plasmas found in space range from the solar wind with a typical temperature of 105–106 K, ∼400 km/s bulk flow speed, and high ionization (charge states) of ions, to the hot, slowly moving plasmas in the outer magnetospheres of the giant planets, to the cold, co-rotating plasmas in inner magnetospheres. While measurements of the distribution functions of protons and electrons, which have been available for several decades of space exploration, are providing important information about the heating and acceleration mechanisms producing these plasmas, knowledge of the elemental composition and charge states of ions in these plasmas is essential for establishing their sources of origin. We review space plasma instruments and techniques, with an emphasis on hot plasma composition measurements. Starting with Faraday Cup detectors some 30 years ago, plasma instruments have evolved to the present time-of-flight systems with excellent mass resolution and three-dimensional viewing capabilities.
A rational approach towards successful crystallization and crystal treatment of human cytomegalovirus protease and its inhibitor complex (2000)

The crystallization and subsequent crystal treatment of both free human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) protease and its inhibitor complexes are reported. For free-enzyme crystals, diffraction was greatly improved by optimizing the crystallization conditions, raising the precipitant concentration in the reservoir and soaking the crystals in artificial mother liquors. Each of the six components in the final crystallization formula (16% PEG 4000, 0.1 M MES pH 6.0, 0.4 M LiCl, 10% glycerol, 5% t-butanol and 5 mM Na(2)S(2)O(3)) plays a distinctive role and is indispensable. A synergistic effect of Na(2)SO(4) and t--butanol on diffraction was observed and studied. A 2.0 A multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) data set was collected using a synchrotron-radiation source, leading to the elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme. For the inhibitor-complex crystals, initial attempts with co-crystallization and soaking experiments at pH 6.0 did not produce conclusive results. Subsequently, experiments were designed to co-crystallize the complex at pH 8.0, the optimal pH for the enzyme and the inhibitor activity. Using 20-50 mM spermine in the crystallization buffer, crystals of two peptidomimetic inhibitor complexes were obtained at pH 7.5 and 8.0. Spermine was required for the inhibitor complexes to be crystallized at pH 8.0, possibly neutralizing net negative charges of hCMV protease owing to its acidic pI of 5.5. A 2.7 A data set was collected from one of the inhibitor complexes and the structure was determined using the molecular-replacement method.
The Effects of Silicone Oil Removal (1994)

Removal of silicone oil in anatomically successful eyes significantly increases the likelihood of improved visual acuity with a slight increase in the likelihood of recurrent retinal redetachment. There was a trend for a reduction in the incidence of complications in the oil-removed eyes.
Active Load Control for Airfoils using Microtabs (2001)

Micro-electro-mechanical (MEM) translational tabs are introduced for active load control on aerodynamic surfaces such as wind turbine rotor blades. Microtabs are mounted near the trailing edge of rotor blades, deploy approximately normal to the surface, and have a maximum deployment height on the order of the boundary-layer thickness. Deployment of the tab effectively changes the sectional chamber of the rotor blade, thereby changing its aerodynamic characteristics. A tab with tab height to blade section chord ratio, h/c, of 0.01 causes an increase in the section lift coefficient, C1, of approximately 0.3, with minimal drag penalty. This paper presents a proof of concept microtab design and the multi-disciplinary techniques used to fabricate and test the tabs. Computational and experimental wind tunnel results for a representative airfoil using fixed as well as remotely actuated tabs are compared. Although the specifics of load control limitations, including actuation and response times will require further research, the results presented demonstrate the significant potential for using microtabs for active load control.
Comparative Study of Compensated Wide Band Gap Photo Conductive Switch Material for Extrinsic Mode Operations (2008)

The material properties of semi insulating 6H-SiC and GaN have been analyzed in terms of their applications as a photoconductive switch at high bias conditions. Both the switches have similar button type geometry and have been analyzed for breakdown, photocurrent profile, rise and fall time. The laser power and duration for initiating conduction in both the PCSS were the same except for the wavelength, which was selected to provide sufficient energy for carrier generation in the switches. Analysis show that both GaN and SiC have good capability as a PCSS material in terms of such parameters as current conduction, hold-off and risetime, with Fe compensated GaN having a moderate advantage in terms of rise time and off-state hold-off properties. The presence of traps in both the compensated materials types plays a role in the switch performance. The trap parameters such as capture cross section, concentration limit the maximum voltage to which the PCSS can be pulse charged. In GaN, due to its high capture cross sections, the voltage is limited to a maximum of 41 kV while it is 38 kV for SiC. The rise and fall time for GaN is also better as compared to SiC. In the simulation studies, ohmic contact was assumed. In laboratory applications the conduction current magnitude at the charging and on-state of the PCSS are limited by the damage of the switch electrodes and bulk material. The higher thermal conductivity of SiC compared to GaN must also be considered at higher power operations.
Nucleotide-Mediated Mucin Secretion from Differentiated Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells (2004)

Abstract Most current cell-based models for examining the regulation of mucin secretion demonstrate low signal-to-noise ratios, making experimental manipulation and data interpretation difficult. Using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a mucin secretagogue, we have developed a model of agonist-induced mucin secretion in differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells. Mucin secretory signals were estimated using enzyme-linked lectin assay, and typical signals of 300–400% of baseline were observed in response to a 30-min exposure to ATP (100 μM). ATP and uridine triphosphate equipotently stimulated mucin secretion consistent with mediation via P2Y2 receptor activation. Suramin and AR-C118925XX, a competitive P2Y2 receptor antagonist, inhibited adenosine 5′-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) (ATP-γS)–induced mucin secretion. A selective Gq G–protein antagonist (GP-ANT)–2A completely abrogated ATP-γS–induced mucin secretion. Pertussis toxin and the Gi/o-specific, GP-ANT-2, had no effect. The phospholipase C inhibitor, D609, and the protein kinase C inhibitor, calphostin C, substantially inhibited ATP-γS–induced mucin secretion. Phorbol myristate acetate also stimulated mucin secretion in a calphostin C–sensitive manner. ATP-γS–induced mucin secretion was inhibited by the Ca2+ chelator, 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetra-acetic acid tetra (acetoxymethyl) ester. Ionomycin and thapsigargin both stimulated mucin secretion. Our data are broadly consistent with known G-protein–coupling and downstream signaling events associated with the P2Y2 receptor. The exceptional signal-to-noise ratios obtained using this model have permitted clear evaluation of the involvement of these mechanisms in agonist-induced mucin secretion from differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells.
Calcium Enhances Heparin Catalysis of the Antithrombin-Factor Xa Reaction by a Template Mechanism (1998)

It is believed that heparin accelerates factor Xa (FXa) inactivation by antithrombin (AT) by conformationally activating the inhibitor rather than by bridging AT and FXa in a ternary complex (template effect). This is derived from kinetic studies done in the absence of Ca2+ or in the presence of EDTA. To test the possibility that the anionic Gla domain of FXa, when not neutralized by Ca2+ ions, prevents heparin binding to FXa, the heparin and pentasaccharide dependence of FXa inactivation by AT in both the absence (100 microM EDTA) and presence of Ca2+ (2.5 mM) was studied using wild-type FXa and a FXa derivative that lacks the Gla domain (GDFXa). AT inactivated both FXa derivatives similarly in both the absence and presence of Ca2+ (k2 = 1.7-2.5 x 10(3) M-1 s-1). The active AT-binding pentasaccharide also accelerated the inactivation rates of both derivatives similarly in both the absence and presence of Ca2+ (k2 = 5.7-8.0 x 10(5) M-1 s-1). However, in the presence of an optimum concentration of heparin ( approximately 50 nM) the inactivation rate constant of FXa in the presence of Ca2+ (k2 = 4.4 x 10(7) M-1 s-1) was 13-fold higher than the rate constant in the absence of Ca2+ (k2 = 3.5 x 10(6) M-1 s-1). Heparin acceleration of GDFXa inactivation by AT was rapid and insensitive to the presence or absence of Ca2+ (k2 = 5.1-5.9 x 10(7) M-1 s-1). The additional cofactor effect of heparin with all FXa derivatives was a bell-shaped curve, which disappeared if the ionic strength of the reaction was increased to approximately 0.4. These results suggest that although the major effect of heparin in acceleration of FXa inactivation is through a heparin-induced conformational change in the reactive site loop of AT, the template effect of heparin, nevertheless, contributes significantly to rapid FXa inactivation at physiological Ca2+.
The Dandi March (2004)

This chapter recounts Gandhi’s 241-mile trek from Ahmedabad to Dandi, inaugurating the ‘Salt Satyagraha’, which proved to be one of the most dramatic and successful episodes in the history of the Indian freedom struggle. It discusses how Gandhi’s imprisonment stimulated rather than slackened civil disobedience. Civil disobedience, inspired by Gandhi’s action, resulted in the signing of the Gandhi–Irwin Pact in March 1931.
Householder transforms in signal processing (1988)

The author explores Householder transforms and their applications in signal processing. He shows that these transforms can be viewed as mirror-image reflections of a data vector about any desired hyperplane. The virtue of reflections is that they are covariance invariant, that is, they preserve the covariance matrix of the data. One can construct a finite sequence of such reflections that maps a block of data vectors into a lower rectangular matrix. If only the covariance eigenvalues need to be preserved, one can map into a bidiagonal matrix. The former sparse form is useful for inverting covariance matrices and the latter is useful in finding eigenvalues of covariance matrices.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tampa Electric Neural Network Sootblowing (2004)

Boiler combustion dynamics change continuously due to several factors including coal quality, boiler loading, ambient conditions, changes in slag/soot deposits and the condition of plant equipment.NOx formation, Particulate Matter (PM) emissions, and boiler thermal performance are directly affected by the sootblowing practices on a unit.As part of its Power Plant Improvement Initiative program, the US DOE is providing cofunding (DE-FC26-02NT41425) and NETL is the managing agency for this project at Tampa Electric's Big Bend Station.This program serves to co-fund projects that have the potential to increase thermal efficiency and reduce
Coal vs. Charcoal-fueled Diesel Engines: A Review (2009)

Abstract Coal-fired diesel engines utilizing coal-water slurries have been intensively investigated by previous researchers. Specialized coal-water slurries injection equipment was developed to handle the slurries, and hard materials were used to handle the abrasion due to coal ash. Charcoal-based water slurries are shown to result in dramatically reduced engine abrasion problems compared to coal. An economic comparison of charcoal-based water slurries to #2 diesel fuel for fueling diesel engines shows promise for the charcoal-based water sluries diesel fuel. In addition, the potential supply of charcoal is adequate to supply 75% of current diesel fuel consumption. Keywords: charcoalcoaldiesel enginefuelslurry Notes Sources: aGeneral Electric Co., 1994. bObernberger, 2006. cASTM Standard D975-07b. dEnvironmental Protection Agency, 2006. 71:32450. ** = Not available. Sources: aValvovic, 1983. bObernberger et al., 2006. aDistilled water. b1% hydrochloric acid. c10% acetic acid.
Modulation Methods Based on a Novel Carrier-Based PWM Scheme for Matrix Converter Operation under Unbalanced Input Voltages (2006)

In this paper, 1) a carrier-based modulation scheme for matrix converters, that is as simple as that in conventional PWM inverters for motors drives, is extended to unbalanced input voltages, and 2) three different modulation schemes are presented and verified by experiments.
Effects of Surfactant Structure on the Phase Inversion of Emulsions Stabilized by Mixtures of Silica Nanoparticles and Cationic Surfactant (2009)

Silica nanoparticles without any surface modification are not surface active at the toluene-water interface due to their extreme hydrophilicity but can be surface activated in situ by adsorbing cationic surfactant from water. This work investigates the effects of the molecular structure of water-soluble cationic surfactant on the surface activation of the nanoparticles by emulsion characterization, adsorption and zeta potential measurements, dispersion stability experiments, and determination of relevant contact angles. The results show that an adsorbed cationic surfactant monolayer on particle surfaces is responsible for the wettability modification of the particles. In the presence of a trace amount of cationic surfactant, the hydrophobicity of the particles increases, leading to the formation of stable oil-in-water O/W(1) emulsions. At high surfactant concentration (>cmc) the particle surface is retransformed to hydrophilic due to double-layer or hemimicelle formation, and the concentration of the free surfactant in the aqueous phase is high enough to stabilize emulsions alone. O/W(2) emulsions, probably costabilized by free surfactant and particles, are then formed. The monolayer adsorption seems to be charge-site dependent. Thus, using single-chain trimethylammonium bromide surfactants or a double-head gemini cationic surfactant, the hydrophobicity of the particles achieved is not sufficient to stabilize water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions, and no phase inversion is induced. However, using a double-chain cationic surfactant, the chain density on the particle surfaces endows them with a hydrophobicity high enough to stabilize W/O emulsions, and double phase inversion, O/W(1) --> W/O --> O/W(2), can then be achieved by increasing the surfactant concentration.
El pathos de la vida y de la existencia. La fenomenología en busca de una ampliación de la razón (2019)

El presente artículo busca interrogar el pathos de la vida y de la existencia, a partir del estudiode las obras de Michel Henry y de Henri Maldiney. Dicho intento de ampliar la razón recobrando ladimensión afectiva de la vida (Henry) o de la existencia (Maldiney) ha orientado a la fenomenologíahacia una reflexión profunda sobre una inmanencia absoluta de la vida o sobre la apertura hacia elacontecimiento de sentido que es propia a la existencia. De este modo, nos pregunatremos quéfenomenología (Henry o Maldiney) se apropia mejor la tarea de ampliar la razón hacia la dimensióndel sentir y de la afectividad.