gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Conversion of ureidomalonates and 5-carbalkoxyhydantoins to 5-ureido-4,6-pyrimidinediones (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConversion of ureidomalonates and 5-carbalkoxyhydantoins to 5-ureido-4,6-pyrimidinedionesFlorian R. Perini and Howard TieckelmannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1970, 35, 3, 812–816Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00828a062https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00828a062research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views151Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate. (2004)

Clinical Advances in Hematology & Oncology Volume 2, Issue 6 June 2004 393 attempted, but was abandoned due to extrinsic compression. A transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) was performed to relieve the urinary obstruction. Pathological review of the TURP specimen revealed extensive involvement with high-grade adenocarcinoma of prostate (approximately 70% of tissue) with ductal-type histology. Histologic features included malignant cells growing with villoglandular and cribriform architecture, along with foci of comedonecrosis. Cellular morphology demonstrated high-grade cytologic abnormalities including anisocytosis, anisonucleosis, elevated nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio and prominent, eosinophilic nucleoli. Mitotic activity with abnormal mitotic forms was present. Immunohistochemical stains were performed to confi rm prostatic origin: cytokeratin-20 and 34βE12 cytokeratin were negative; cytokeratin-7, PSA, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and androgen receptor (AR) were positive. An abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scan revealed multiple enlarged pelvic lymph nodes (the largest measured at 1.6 × 1.2 cm) and an enlarged prostate (5 × 4.5 × 4.4 cm) with a volume estimated at 50 g. A bone scan showed no evidence of metastatic disease. The fi nal pathologic diagnosis was ductal adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Kinin B1 Receptor Up-Regulation after Lipopolysaccharide Administration: Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Neutrophil Influx (2004)

Several studies have now clearly established the ability of LPS to induce bradykinin B(1) receptor up-regulation in vivo and the functional relevance of this up-regulation for the pathophysiological effects of LPS. Using an in vivo system in which LPS is injected locally into the rat paw, we have examined the potential contribution of proinflammatory cytokines, NF-kappaB activation, and neutrophil influx for the functional and molecular up-regulation of the bradykinin B(1) receptor. Treatment with LPS resulted in a rapid and sustained functional up-regulation of B(1) receptors in the rat paw that correlated with the increase in B(1) receptor mRNA levels. B(1) receptor up-regulation is preceded by the rapid activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB and the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. More importantly, blockade of NF-kappaB translocation, TNF-alpha, or IL-1beta prevented the functional and molecular up-regulation of B(1) receptors. Injection of LPS also induced the influx of neutrophils that followed the peak of cytokine production and associated with the persistent activation of NF-kappaB and functional B(1) receptor up-regulation. Blockade of neutrophil influx with platelet-activating factor receptor antagonists or cell adhesion molecule blockers prevented B(1) receptor up-regulation. Thus, by acting in cooperation and in a coordinated, timely manner, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, neutrophils, and the transcription factor NF-kappaB are major and essential players in the ability of LPS to induce B(1) receptor expression in vivo.
Synthesis of anthraquinonyl glucosaminosides and studies on the influence of aglycone hydroxyl substitution on superoxide generation, DNA binding, and antimicrobial properties (1986)

A series of anthraquinonyl glucosaminosides (10a-e) were synthesized by Koenigs-Knorr glycosidation of the corresponding aglycones (11a-e) with bromo sugar 12 followed by saponification. These glycosides were intended to serve as models to study the role played by the hydroxyl substituents on the aglycone portion of the antitumor anthracycline antibiotics. Superoxide generation as measured in rat heart sarcosomes was found to increase with the addition of successive hydroxyl groups to the anthraquinone nucleus. The 1,8-dihydroxy pattern was determined to generate significantly less superoxide than the 1,4-dihydroxy pattern. Hydroxyl substitution was also observed to stabilize the complex formed between the anthraquinones and DNA and was required for antibacterial activity against a number of Gram-positive organisms.
Generalized scale independence through incremental precomputation (2013)

Developers of rapidly growing applications must be able to anticipate potential scalability problems before they cause performance issues in production environments. A new type of data independence, called scale independence, seeks to address this challenge by guaranteeing a bounded amount of work is required to execute all queries in an application, independent of the size of the underlying data. While optimization strategies have been developed to provide these guarantees for the class of queries that are scale-independent when executed using simple indexes, there are important queries for which such techniques are insufficient.
<title>EEV CCD39 wavefront sensor cameras for AO and interferometry</title> (2000)

SciMeasure, in collaboration with Emory University and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), has developed an extremely versatile CCD controller for use in adaptive optics, optical interferometry, and other applications requiring high-speed readout rates and/or low read noise. The overall architecture of this controller system will be discussed and its performance using both EEV CCD39 and MIT/LL CCID-19 detectors will be presented. Initially developed for adaptive optics applications, this controller is used in the Palomar Adaptive Optics program (PALAO), the AO system developed by JPL for the 200' Hale telescope at Palomar Mountain. An overview of the PALAO system is discussed and diffraction-limited science results will be shown. Recently modified under NASA SBIR Phase II funding for use in the Space Interferometry Mission testbeds, this controller is currently in use on the Micro- Arcsecond Metrology testbed at JPL. Details of a new vacuum- compatible remote CCD enclosure and specialized readout sequence programming will also be presented.
α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Nanocolumns and Nanorods Fabricated by Electron Beam Evaporation for Visible Light Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Applications (2013)

Both Fe2O3 thin films and nanorod arrays are deposited using electron beam evaporation through normal thin film deposition and oblique angle deposition (OAD) and are characterized structurally, optically, and photocatalytically. The morphologies of the thin films are found to be arrays of very thin and closely packed columnar structures, while the OAD films are well-aligned nanorod arrays. All films were determined to be in the hematite phase (α-Fe2O3), as confirmed by both structural and optical characterization. Texture measurements indicate that films have similar growth modes where the [110] direction aligns with the direction of material growth. Under visible light illumination, the thin film samples were more efficient at photocatalytically degrading methylene blue, while the nanorod arrays were more efficient at inactivating E. coli O157:H7. The size of the targeted agent and the different film morphologies result in different reactant/surface interactions, which is the main factor that determines photoactivity. Furthermore, an analytic mathematical model of bacterial inactivation based on chemotactic bacterial diffusion and surface deactivation is developed to quantify and compare the inactivation rate of the samples. These results indicate that α-Fe2O3 nanorods are promising candidates for antimicrobial applications and are expected to provide insight into the development of better visible-light antimicrobial materials for food products and processing environments, as well as other related applications.
RA8, A Human Anti-CD25 Antibody Against Human Treg Cells (2007)

Although anti-CD25 antibodies exist for clinical use in patients, there is a need for the development of a human Treg antibody that will abrogate the immunosuppressive function of this small but critical T cell subtype. Based upon mounting evidence that the level of Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment correlates with clinical prognosis and stage in man, it appears that Treg cells play an important role in the tumor's ability to overcome host immune responses. In mice, the rat anti-mouse CD25 antibody PC61 causes depletion of CD25-bearing Treg cells both peripherally in lymphatic tissues and in the tumor microenvironment, without inducing symptoms of autoimmunity. A similar antibody, though with the ability to delete Treg cells specifically, would be an important new tool for reversing tumor escape associated with Treg immunosuppression in man. To begin to generate such a reagent, we now describe the development of a human anti-CD25 antibody using a novel yeast display library. The target antigen CD25-Fc was constructed and used for five rounds of selection using a non-immune yeast display library that contained as many as 10(9) single chain variable fragments (scFv). Two unique clones with low K(D) values (RA4 and RA8) were then selected to construct fully human anti-CD25 antibodies (IgG1/kappa) for stable expression. One antibody, RA8, showed excellent binding to human CD25(+) cell lines and to human Treg cells and appears to be an excellent candidate for the generation of a human reagent that may be used in man for the immunotherapy of cancer.
Quantum mechanical model for nuclear-resonant scattering of gamma radiation (1997)

A one-dimensional quantum mechanical model for nuclear-resonant scattering of gamma radiation from matter is developed assuming the source radiation is gamma decay. A closed-form, finite-sum solution for the radiated intensity is obtained by restricting the calculation to coherent forward scattering. The solution provides a unified microscopic picture of nuclear-resonant scattering processes in which the radiation undergoes sequential scattering from one nucleus to another before reaching the detector. For recoil-free processes the various `paths' to the detector contribute coherently. The solution for this case gives results identical to the classical optical model. The one-dimensional model shows that the `speed-up' and `dynamical beating' effects are primarily a consequence of the fact that the single-nuclear scattering processes are out of phase with the incident radiation while the double-nuclear-scattering processes are in phase with the incident radiation. All multiple-scattering paths are, and must be, included. The model can treat the incoherent processes, i.e. processes involving gamma emission with recoil or conversion-electron emission. The results show that a correction may be needed when analysing time-differential Mössbauer spectroscopic data due to incoherent processes that occur in the absorber.
[Predictive value of fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with bladder cancer]. (2010)

The sensitivity and efficiency of FISH in the detection of bladder cancer are superior to those of cytology, especially for prophase cancer.
Glucose-Responsive Polyelectrolyte Capsules (2006)

Phenylboronic acids are known to form covalent complexes with polyol compounds such as glucose. A novel polyelectrolyte, containing phenylboronic acid as a glucose-sensitive moiety, has been synthesized and used for the fabrication of glucose-sensitive hollow polyelectrolyte capsules using the layer-by-layer technique. The response to glucose was observed as a rather fast dissolution of the capsules when brought into contact with a glucose-containing medium. These polyelectrolyte capsules are the first polyelectrolyte capsules able to respond to a stimulus that can be provided by the human body (i.e., an increase in glucose concentration). Therefore, the concept we present has promising applications in the biomedical field for the controlled delivery of insulin.
IDEAL Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System: Robust Water–Fat Separation for Uniform Fat Suppression, Marrow Evaluation, and Cartilage Imaging (2007)

The IDEAL technique provides uniform fat saturation even in complex magnetic environments and simultaneously produces in-phase and opposed-phase images that may be useful for characterization of osseous lesions. The IDEAL water-fat separation method is highly versatile and has been successfully combined with T1-weighted, T2-weighted, steady-state free precession, and spoiled gradient-recalled echo techniques to produce high-quality MR images in clinically acceptable scanning times.
Capacity of a cis-diammineplatinum[II]-polyglutamic acid complex to cure Trypanosoma congolense infections in mice (1984)

A cis-diammineplatinum(II)-polyglutamic acid complex proved to have marked trypanocidal activity in vivo. When 5 mg of platinum per kg was administered daily for 5 days or when 20 mg of platinum per kg was administered on days 1, 3, and 6, five of five treated Trypanosoma congolense-infected mice were cured. In contrast, cis-platin was ineffective at all doses tested. We believe that the complex has a much higher therapeutic ratio than does uncomplexed drug because it is less toxic.
Biological contaminants identified from laryngeal mask airways (2004)

Ten laryngeal mask airways (LMA), reused between 10 and 40 times, were collected from two UK NHS hospitals. All had been cleaned, autoclaved, inspected and repackaged using routine procedures recommended by the manufacturer, and were ready for reuse. These devices were collected, unpacked and subject to the biochemical analysis of erythrosine B staining on the outer surface areas of samples cut from the middle of the tube, the front middle and tip of the cuff. Parallel physical analysis using infrared (IR) spectroscopy was performed on sample cuts from the same areas as for the staining. Both surface infrared spectroscopy and biochemical assay revealed strong deposition of protein-related biological debris on almost all LMAs, with cuffs being contaminated more intensively than tubes. The results reveal that routine hospital LMA cleaning and sterilisation, coupled with visual inspection, are inadequate for identifying and removing protein related biological debris on reused LMAs. In light of the concern of possible cross-contamination, single-use LMAs should be encouraged.
The effect of gate recess width on the linearity of GaAs MESFETs (2002)

The width of the gate recess was found to greatly effect the linearity of GaAs MESFETs under class AB operation at 850 MHz. The MESFETs with gate-recess spacing larger than 105 nm exhibit poor 3rd order intermodulation and significantly different 5th order intermodulation product dependence on the output power. Good correlation of the discrete device data with the digital amplifier circuit performance was obtained. This work provides insight into a critical parameter for optimum performance of high linearity amplifier applications.
3D measurement of human face by stereophotogrammetry (2005)

At present several methods are adapted for the optical characterization of 3D surface profiles and forms, which are based on fringe projection, moire techniques, gray-code projection or photogrammetry [1-5]. According to principle and application the methods differ in accuracy of measurement as well as computation time or their technical complexity. Photogrammetry is a well-adapted method for the measurement of 3D objects. The basic idea of the method is to get the whole 3D matrix of real objects by capturing a number of 2D images. In this work we show a possibility for a rapid measurement (< 1 second) of the shape of a human face for medical applications (e. g. jaw-measurement). The surface structure of the human face is too homogenous to find homologous points by an ordinary illumination; therefore about 20 special statistical patterns are projected on the face and taken by cameras of a convergent stereo system. At present a digital projector is used but it is also possible to generate the statistical patterns by a classical one. To find the corresponding points in the pictures we use an enhanced correlation technique, which takes into account the characteristic intensity sequence of every single sensor element - unlike other correlation techniques, which avail a pixel area as a template. The influence of distortion - caused by the surface profile - is kept to a minimum. Therefore at higher profile gradients a denser point cloud is generated. At present the reachable accuracy is +/- 0.1mm (rms), which is sufficient for medical and other applications. But the demonstrated method is not restricted to evaluate the shape of human faces. Also technical objects could be measured.
<i>Vibrio cholerae</i> and Cholera (1994)

Presents the latest molecular studies of virulence, colonization, gene regulation, and the O1 antigen. Gives an in-depth and analytical approach to the epidemiology of cholera that includes outbreak investigations, case-control studies, and surveillance functions. Describes the molecular approach to epidemiologic problems and questions. Tracks the global spread of cholera by genetically defining individual strains. Addresses possible intervention and prevention strategies, including the latest vaccines, and their public health relevance.
Slc11a1, Formerly Nramp1, Is Expressed in Dendritic Cells and Influences Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Expression and Antigen-Presenting Cell Function (2007)

Solute carrier family 11 member a1 (Slc11a1; formerly Nramp1) encodes a late endosomal/lysosomal protein/divalent cation transporter that regulates iron homeostasis in macrophages. During macrophage activation, Slc11a1 has multiple pleiotropic effects on gene regulation and function, including gamma interferon-induced class II expression and antigen-presenting cell function. The wild-type allele at Slc11a1 has been associated with a bias in Th1 cell function in vivo, which is beneficial in resistance to infection against intracellular macrophage pathogens but detrimental in contributing to development of type 1 diabetes. The extent to which this depends on macrophage versus dendritic cell (DC) function is not known. Here we show that Slc11a1 is expressed in late endosomes and/or lysosomes of CD11c(+) DCs. DCs from mutant and congenic wild-type mice upregulate interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-10 mRNA in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, but the ratio of IL-10 to IL-12 is higher in unstimulated DCs and DCs stimulated for 15 h with LPS from mutant mice than from wild-type mice. DCs from wild-type mice upregulate major histocompatibility complex class II in response to LPS more efficiently than DCs from mutant mice. Unstimulated DCs from wild-type and mutant mice present ovalbumin (OVA) peptide with an efficiency equivalent to that of an OVA-specific CD4 T-cell line, but DCs from wild-type mice are more efficient at processing and presenting OVA or Leishmania activator of cell kinase (LACK) protein to OVA- and LACK-specific T cells. These data indicate that wild-type Slc11a1 expressed in DCs may play a role both in determining resistance to infectious disease and in susceptibility to autoimmune disease such as type 1 diabetes.
Intestinal Microbiota in Early Life and Its Implications on Childhood Health (2019)

Trillions of microbes reside in the human body and participate in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes that affect host health throughout the life cycle. The microbiome is hallmarked by distinctive compositional and functional features across different life periods. Accumulating evidence has shown that microbes residing in the human body may play fundamental roles in infant development and the maturation of the immune system. Gut microbes are thought to be essential for the facilitation of infantile and childhood development and immunity by assisting in breaking down food substances to liberate nutrients, protecting against pathogens, stimulating or modulating the immune system, and exerting control over the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the colonization and development of the gut microbiota in early life, highlighting the recent findings regarding the role of intestinal microbes in pediatric diseases. Furthermore, we also discuss the microbiota-mediated therapeutics that can reconfigure bacterial communities to treat dysbiosis.
Transcription of the pcbAB, pcbC and penDE genes of Penicillium chrysogenum AS-P-78 is repressed by glucose and the repression is not reversed by alkaline pHs (1999)

Glucose repressed transcription of the penicillin biosynthesis genes pcbAB, pcbC and penDE when added at inoculation time to cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum AS-P-78 but it had little repressive effect when added at 12 h and no effect when added at 24 or 36 h. A slight increase in the expression of pcbC and penDE (and to a smaller extent of pcbAB) was observed in glucose-grown cultures at pH 6.8, 7.4 and 8.0 as compared with pH 6.2, but alkaline pHs did not override the strong repression exerted by glucose. Transcription of the actin gene used as control was not significantly affected by glucose or alkaline pHs. Repression by glucose of the three penicillin biosynthetic genes was also observed using the lacZ reporter gene coupled to each of the three promoters in monocopy transformants with the constructions integrated at the pyrG locus. Glucose repression of the three genes encoding enzymes of penicillin biosynthesis therefore appears to be exerted by a regulatory mechanism independent from pH regulation.
Single-mode continuous-wave Cr^3+:LiSAF ring laser pumped by an injection-locked 670-nm broad-area diode laser (1995)

We report on an efficient continuous-wave Cr(3+):LiSrAlF(6) ring laser pumped by the near-diffraction-limited output of an injection-locked 665-nm broad-area diode laser. With an absorbed pump power of 120 mW the ring laser generates 22 mW of single-mode 855-nm radiation with a spectral linewidth of less than 10 MHz. Unidirectional operation and longitudinal-mode control of this ring laser is achieved by injection of 855-nm diode-laser radiation into the ring cavity. Optical feedback of ring-laser radiation into the diode laser narrows the diode laser's linewidth and locks its frequency to a resonance of the ring resonator.