gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Attending to the Concerns of Teacher Candidates in a Social Justice Course: A Self-Study of a Teacher Educator (2019)

In this self-study, an education professor examines his efforts to attend to the concerns of teacher candidates concerning equity, diversity and social justice in a new School and Society course. The teacher educator asked teacher candidates complete exit cards after most classes and also read numerous teacher candidate journals and responses to readings along the way. Along with contributions from a critical friend, the rich feedback provided by teacher candidates on their experience of the issues raised in the course led him to address reluctance and resistance from mainstream teacher candidates. This article focuses on four themes that emerged from the analysis of the data: (1) teacher candidate interest in serving student needs; (2) the influence of discourses of privilege; (3) the value of exit cards in understanding their struggles; and (4) the importance of adapting instruction and written feedback to their concerns. Four tensions of practice are employed as a critical frame for analysing his experiences teaching this course. The study suggests that relational approaches, in which teacher educators are humble, vulnerable and receptive, can create safe spaces for teacher candidates to examine their resistance in order to become more inclusive as teachers.
Language, meaning and culture : the selected papers of C. E. Osgood (1990)

Introduction The Three Magnificent Themes of a Dinosaur Caper Psycholinguistic Research and Theory Cross-Cultural Universals of Affective Meaning Psycho-Social Dynamics and the Prospects for Mankind A Comprehensive Bibliography of the Works of Charles E. Osgood Index
XLIV. <i>On the action of nitric acid on alcohol at common temperatures</i> (1856)

(1856). XLIV. On the action of nitric acid on alcohol at common temperatures. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 12, No. 80, pp. 361-371.
Dietary Flavonoids as Potential Natural Biological Response Modifiers Affecting the Autoimmune System (1995)

ABSTRACT In vitro anti‐complement activity of 19 phenolic compounds was evaluated in the classical pathway. Two flavonoids, epigallocatechin gallate and myricetin, exhibited marked anti‐complement activities with IC 50 values of 4.2 and 5.2 μg/mL (concentration causing 50% inhibition of complement activity), respectively. The two flavonoids appeared to interact with both antibody‐sensitized erythrocytes and complement components to inhibit the cascade reactions in the classical pathway of the complement system. The flavonoids may function as natural biological response modifiers by multiple mechanisms including anticomplement effects. Dietary flavonoids may thus affect the body's autoimmune system.
Mechanism of the Voltage Sensitivity of IRK1 Inward-rectifier K+ Channel Block by the Polyamine Spermine (2005)

IRK1 (Kir2.1) inward-rectifier K+ channels exhibit exceedingly steep rectification, which reflects strong voltage dependence of channel block by intracellular cations such as the polyamine spermine. On the basis of studies of IRK1 block by various amine blockers, it was proposed that the observed voltage dependence (valence approximately 5) of IRK1 block by spermine results primarily from K+ ions, not spermine itself, traversing the transmembrane electrical field that drops mostly across the narrow ion selectivity filter, as spermine and K+ ions displace one another during channel block and unblock. If indeed spermine itself only rarely penetrates deep into the ion selectivity filter, then a long blocker with head groups much wider than the selectivity filter should exhibit comparably strong voltage dependence. We confirm here that channel block by two molecules of comparable length, decane-bis-trimethylammonium (bis-QA(C10)) and spermine, exhibit practically identical overall voltage dependence even though the head groups of the former are much wider ( approximately 6 A) than the ion selectivity filter ( approximately 3 A). For both blockers, the overall equilibrium dissociation constant differs from the ratio of apparent rate constants of channel unblock and block. Also, although steady-state IRK1 block by both cations is strongly voltage dependent, their apparent channel-blocking rate constant exhibits minimal voltage dependence, which suggests that the pore becomes blocked as soon as the blocker encounters the innermost K+ ion. These findings strongly suggest the existence of at least two (potentially identifiable) sequentially related blocked states with increasing numbers of K+ ions displaced. Consequently, the steady-state voltage dependence of IRK1 block by spermine or bis-QA(C10) should increase with membrane depolarization, a prediction indeed observed. Further kinetic analysis identifies two blocked states, and shows that most of the observed steady-state voltage dependence is associated with the transition between blocked states, consistent with the view that the mutual displacement of blocker and K+ ions must occur mainly as the blocker travels along the long inner pore.
Single walled carbon nanotubes for transport and delivery of biological cargos (2006)

Abstract The innate ability of carbon nanotubes to breach the cell membrane of various types of mammalian cells has been reported. Here, we present a summary of the various applications of carbon nanotubes as a cellular transport and delivery system for functional biological cargos. The internalization of SWNTs for transport and delivery into cells is mediated via endocytosis and does not appear to have any detrimental effect on either the transported cargo or the breached cell. The emergence of SWNT as a new class of cellular transporters holds many exciting promises for SWNT‐based systems for drug delivery, protein delivery, gene therapy and cancer therapy applications. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Aerosol−induced thermal blooming (1975)

Experiments have been carried out to study the nonlinear distortion of a laser beam due to absorption by aerosol particles in the air. A 15−W 10.6−μ beam was passed through a 1.5−m cell containing a carbon aerosol in air at STP, and various measurements of the distorted beam profile were made. The data show that aerosol absorption can lead to severe nonlinear distortion and that, for the regime in which the beam transit time is long compared to the interparticle thermal diffusion time, this distortion is qualitatively similar to that produced by molecular absorption, but has a magnitude somewhat below that predicted by conventional thermal blooming theory.
Sensitive β-galactosidase-targeting fluorescence probe for visualizing small peritoneal metastatic tumours in vivo (2015)

Fluorescence-guided diagnostics is one of the most promising approaches for facile detection of cancer in situ. Here we focus on β-galactosidase, which is overexpressed in primary ovarian cancers, as a molecular target for visualizing peritoneal metastases from ovarian cancers. As existing fluorescence probes are unsuitable, we have designed membrane-permeable HMRef-βGal, in which the optimized intramolecular spirocyclic function affords >1,400-fold fluorescence enhancement on activation. We confirm that HMRef-βGal sensitively detects intracellular β-galactosidase activity in several ovarian cancer lines. In vivo, this probe visualizes metastases as small as <1 mm in diameter in seven mouse models of disseminated human peritoneal ovarian cancer (SHIN3, SKOV3, OVK18, OVCAR3, OVCAR4, OVCAR5 and OVCAR8). Because of its high brightness, real-time detection of metastases with the naked eye is possible. Endoscopic fluorescence detection of metastases is also demonstrated. The results clearly indicate preclinical potential value of the probe for fluorescence-guided diagnosis of peritoneal metastases from ovarian cancers.
A Medical-Legal Dilemma: When Can "Inappropriate" Nutrition and Hydration be Removed in Indiana? (1992)

The Court assumed that even a competent patient has the constitutional right to refuse life-sustaining treatment.Id. at 2852.Whether this assumption will continue and how it may influence the question of life-sustaining treatments, including nutrition and hydration, will be uncertain until a case directly confronts it.7. Id. at 2852.Judicial Affairs' conclusion that "[iife [sustaining] medical treatment includes medication and artificially or technologically supplied respiration, nutrition or hydration."' Most lower courts and most in the medical community have also agreed with this conclusion. 9Many states approach the problem of medical decision making for an incompetent patient with two statutes-living will statutes and durable power of attorney statutes.Living will statutes allow a competent individual to execute a written statement directing that, in the event she becomes incompetent and terminally ill, life-sustaining treatment may be withheld or withdrawn. 10 Living wills allow individuals to make important health care 8. AMERICAN MED.A., CuRENr OPINIONS OF THE CoUNCm ON ETHiCAL AND JuDiciAL AsnAins 13 (1986) ("In treating a terminally ill or irreversibly comatose patient, the physician should determine whether the benefits of treatment outweigh its burdens.").9.
Exploiting XPS for the identification of sulfides and polysulfides (2015)

The identification of surface sulfide and polysulfide species based on the curve fitting of S2p photoelectron spectra and, for the first time, of X-ray excited S KLL Auger spectra has been performed.
Structural determination of glycosphingolipids as lithiated adducts by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using low-energy collisional-activated dissociation on a triple stage quadrupole instrument (2001)

Structural characterization of glycosphingolipids as their lithiated adducts using low-energy collisional-activated dissociation (CAD) tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) is described. The tandem mass spectra contain abundant fragment ions reflecting the long chain base (LCB), fatty acid, and the sugar constituent of the molecule and permit unequivocal identification of cerebrosides, di-, trihexosyl ceramides and globosides. The major fragmentation pathways arise from loss of the sugar moiety to yield a lithiated ceramide ion, which undergoes further fragmentation to form multiple fragment ions that confirm the structures of the fatty acid and LCB. The mechanisms for the ion formation and the possible configuration of the fragment ions, resulting from CAD of the lithiated molecular ions ([M + Li]+) of monoglycosylceramides are proposed. The mechanisms were supported by CAD and source CAD tandem mass spectra of various cerebrosides and of their analogous molecules prepared by H-D exchange. Constant neutral loss and precursor ion scannings to identify galactosylceramides with sphingosine or sphinganine LCB subclasses, and with specific N-2-hydroxyl fatty acid subclass in mixtures are also demonstrated.
GSM security: a description of the reasons for security and the techniques (1994)

GSM is the 900 MHz radio system using a common world-wide standard. The system use by PCN (DCS 1800) is technically identical, except for the frequency. It allows full roaming from operator to operator if mutual bilateral agreements are in place. The objective of security for GSM system is to make the system as secure as the public switched telephone network. The use of radio at the transmission media allows a number of potential threads from eavesdropping the transmissions. It was soon apparent in the threat analysis that the weakest part of the system was the radio path, as this can be easily intercepted. >
Digital Holographic Microscopy: A Quantitative Label-Free Microscopy Technique for Phenotypic Screening (2014)

Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM) is a label-free imaging technique allowing visualization of transparent cells with classical imaging cell culture plates. The quantitative DHM phase contrast image provided is related both to the intracellular refractive index and to cell thickness. DHM is able to distinguish cellular morphological changes on two representative cell lines (HeLa and H9c2) when treated with doxorubicin and chloroquine, two cytotoxic compounds yielding distinct phenotypes. We analyzed parameters linked to cell morphology and to the intracellular content in endpoint measurements and further investigated them with timelapse recording. The results obtained by DHM were compared with other optical label-free microscopy techniques, namely Phase Contrast, Differential Interference Contrast and Transport of Intensity Equation (reconstructed from three bright-field images). For comparative purposes, images were acquired in a common 96-well plate format on the different motorized microscopes. In contrast to the other microscopies assayed, images generated with DHM can be easily quantified using a simple automatized on-the-fly analysis method for discriminating the different phenotypes generated in each cell line. The DHM technology is suitable for the development of robust and unbiased image-based assays.
Tau in Alzheimer Disease and Related Tauopathies (2010)

Tau is the major microtubule associated protein (MAP) of a mature neuron. The other two neuronal MAPs are MAP1 and MAP2. An established function of MAPs is their interaction with tubulin and promotion of its assembly into microtubules and stabilization of the microtubule network. The microtubule assembly promoting activity of tau, a phosphoprotein, is regulated by its degree of phosphorylation. Normal adult human brain tau contains 2-3 moles phosphate/mole of tau protein. Hyperphosphorylation of tau depresses this biological activity of tau. In Alzheimer disease (AD) brain tau is ~three to four-fold more hyperphosphorylated than the normal adult brain tau and in this hyperphosphorylated state it is polymerized into paired helical filaments ([PHF) admixed with straight filaments (SF) forming neurofibrillary tangles. Tau is transiently hyperphosphorylated during development and during anesthesia and hypothermia but not to the same state as in AD brain. The abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau in AD brain is distinguished from transiently hyperphosphorylated tau by its ability (1) to sequester normal tau, MAP1 and MAP2 and disrupt microtubules, and (2) to self-assemble into PHF/SF. The cytosolic abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau, because of oligomerization, unlike normal tau, is sedimentable and on self-assembly into PHF/SF, loses its ability to sequester normal MAPs. Some of the tau in AD brain is truncated which also promotes its self-assembly. Tau mutations found in frontotemporal dementia apparently promote its abnormal hyperphosphorylation. Thus, the AD abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau (1) is distinguishable from both normal and transiently hyperphosphorylated taus, and (2) is inhibitory when in a cytosolic/oligomeric state but not when it is self-assembled into PHF/SF. Inhibition of abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau offers a promising therapeutic target for AD and related tauopathies.
Self-cleaning and surface chemical reactions during hafnium dioxide atomic layer deposition on indium arsenide (2018)

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) enables the ultrathin high-quality oxide layers that are central to all modern metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits. Crucial to achieving superior device performance are the chemical reactions during the first deposition cycle, which could ultimately result in atomic-scale perfection of the semiconductor-oxide interface. Here, we directly observe the chemical reactions at the surface during the first cycle of hafnium dioxide deposition on indium arsenide under realistic synthesis conditions using photoelectron spectroscopy. We find that the widely used ligand exchange model of the ALD process for the removal of native oxide on the semiconductor and the simultaneous formation of the first hafnium dioxide layer must be significantly revised. Our study provides substantial evidence that the efficiency of the self-cleaning process and the quality of the resulting semiconductor-oxide interface can be controlled by the molecular adsorption process of the ALD precursors, rather than the subsequent oxide formation.
Sound localization in individualized and non-individualized crosstalk cancellation systems (2013)

The sound-source localization provided by a crosstalk cancellation (CTC) system depends on the head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) used for the CTC filter calculation. In this study, the horizontal- and sagittal-plane localization performance was investigated in humans listening to individualized matched, individualized but mismatched, and non-individualized CTC systems. The systems were simulated via headphones in a binaural virtual environment with two virtual loudspeakers spatialized in front of the listener. The individualized mismatched system was based on two different sets of listener-individual HRTFs. Both sets provided similar binaural localization performance in terms of quadrant, polar, and lateral errors. The individualized matched systems provided performance similar to that from the binaural listening. For the individualized mismatched systems, the performance deteriorated, and for the non-individualized mismatched systems (based on HRTFs from other listeners), the performance deteriorated even more. The direction-dependent analysis showed that mismatch and lack of individualization yielded a substantially degraded performance for targets placed outside of the loudspeaker span and behind the listeners, showing relevance of individualized CTC systems for those targets. Further, channel separation was calculated for different frequency ranges and is discussed in the light of its use as a predictor for the localization performance provided by a CTC system.
Diameter of ovarian follicles, estradiol, and progesterone concentrations, and pregnancy rates in cattle treated with progestins and PGF (1994)

Holstein cows and virgin heifers were treated with progestins and PGF before first 2a service to determine their influence on reproductive traits. Control cows were given two injections of PGF 14 days apart and 2a inseminated at estrus after the second injection. Two groups received a norgestomet ear implant (N1) or a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID; P1) 8 days after one injection of PGF , followed the next day by PGF to 2a 2a regress the corpus luteum, and the progestin source was removed 7 days later. The last two treatments were similar except the second injection of PGF was given 14 days after the 2a first and norgestomet (N6) or PRID (P6) sources were removed 1 day later. Inseminations were performed at estrus in the latter four treatments. Pregnancy rates and serum progesterone were higher and serum estradiol and follicular diameters were lower in controls, P6, and N6 treatments, where the corpus luteum was functional during progestin treatments, than in those treatments where the corpus luteum was absent (P1 and N1). Follicle turnover occurred more consistently in control, P6, and N6 treatments, whereas when follicular diameter and serum estradiol were greater (N1 treatment), turnover did not occur as often and pregnancy rates at first service were reduced markedly. Treatments with progestins must control follicular growth, or fertility will be reduced.; Dairy Day, 1994, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1994;
Image summarization using topic modelling (2015)

With the rapid advancement in technology it is easy to take pictures, and easier still to share them with the world at large. In this digital age the image data we have has grown manifold over the past few years. Digital Cameras have allowed the capturing and storing of large number of images highly inexpensive and hence we can't go on a trip without taking several hundreds of photographs. We take repeated shots till we find the perfect one. As a result, in a collection of images we end up having recurring and similar images which we would like to omit. Manually going through such a huge collection and picking out the best images is a highly laborious task. This paper deals with devising a way of summarizing a given collection of photographs to represent a distinct set of representative images. This would save the users a lot of effort while allowing the selection of the best images of the set which also represent the entire set. Here we employ a modified Latent Dirichlet Allocation technique, a generative probabilistic model, to partition the images from a ‘Bag of words’ representation created using Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) vectors and then clustering these vectors into bins. We validate the results using subjective analysis based on 3 metrics by the people providing the image collection and also by a more general set of people.
A Fragile Watermarking Algorithm Based on Logistic System (2010)

Fragile watermarking for tamper location always parity checks the original image based on pixels. However, the method can’t find the tamper in case of a pixel is tampered with even number tamper. Therefore, in this paper, a fragile watermarking algorithm based on Logistic system is proposed. This method disperses every pixel into 7 bits with different locations, then embeds the parity check bits into the LSB (Least Significant Bit) of the image in shuffled domain, As far as tamper location is concerned, the bits in shuffled domain is parity checked to obtain the tamper probability. Experiment result shows that the proposed algorithm is precise for tamper detection.
Binding sites between platinum(II) and purine or pyrimidine ribosides (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding sites between platinum(II) and purine or pyrimidine ribosidesPi-Chang. Kong and Theophile. ThiophanidesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 8, 1981–1985Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50138a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50138a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views70Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts