gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Co-Expression of SERCA Isoforms, Phospholamban and Sarcolipin in Human Skeletal Muscle Fibers (2013)

Sarcolipin (SLN) and phospholamban (PLN) inhibit the activity of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPases (SERCAs) by reducing their apparent affinity for Ca(2+). A ternary complex between SLN, PLN, and SERCAs results in super-inhibition of SERCA activity. Analysis of skeletal muscle homogenate has limited our current understanding of whether SLN and PLN regulate SERCA1a, SERCA2a, or both in skeletal muscle and whether SLN and PLN are co-expressed in skeletal muscle fibers. Biopsies from human vastus lateralis were analyzed through single fiber Western blotting and immunohisto/fluorescence staining to circumvent this limitation. With a newly generated SLN antibody, we report for the first time that SLN protein is present in human skeletal muscle. Addition of the SLN antibody (50 µg) to vastus lateralis homogenates increased the apparent Ca(2+) affinity of SERCA (K Ca, pCa units) (-Ab, 5.85 ± 0.02 vs. +Ab, 5.95 ± 0.02) and maximal SERCA activity (μmol/g protein/min) (-Ab, 122 ± 6.4 vs. +Ab, 159 ± 11) demonstrating a functional interaction between SLN and SERCAs in human vastus lateralis. Specifically, our results suggest that although SLN and PLN may preferentially regulate SERCA1a, and SERCA2a, respectively, physiologically they both may regulate either SERCA isoform. Furthermore, we show that SLN and PLN co-immunoprecipitate in human vastus lateralis homogenate and are simultaneously expressed in 81% of the fibers analyzed with Western blotting which implies that super-inhibition of SERCA may exist in human skeletal muscle. Finally, we demonstrate unequivocally that mouse soleus contains PLN protein suggesting that super-inhibition of SERCA may also be important physiologically in rodent skeletal muscle.
Sensorless control strategy for salient-pole PMSM based on extended EMF in rotating reference frame (2002)

This paper presents a novel sensorless control strategy for a salient-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor. A new model of salient-pole PMSM using an extended electromotive force (EMF) in the rotating reference frame is utilized to estimate both position and speed. The extended EMF is estimated by a least-order observer, and the estimation position error are obtained from the extended EMF. Both estimated position and speed are corrected so that the position error becomes zero. The proposed system is very simple and the design procedure is easy and clear. Several experimental drive tests are demonstrated and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control system.
Application of Ultraviolet Light during Postharvest Handling of Produce: Limitations and Possibilities (2008)

The use of ultraviolet (UV) light for improving the quality and safety of whole and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables is reviewed. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) is non-ionizing radiation that does not penetrate beyond surfaces and is generally regarded as a contact germicide. However, UV-C may induce resistance to various stress factors in tissue via hormesis (initiation of a positive reaction by a low dose of radiation). In some studies, UV-C light treatments have shown potential for controlling various post harvest fungal diseases, an effect often accompanied by delay of senescence. More recent studies suggest that UV-C can alter nutritional composition of some fruits and vegetables, revealing its potential as a tool to develop fresh functional products. Treatments that include UV-C in combination with other sanitizing agents appear to be particularly effective in reducing populations of human pathogens, but little is known about the effects of hurdle sanitizing systems on other aspects of the product’s quality including nutrient content. Although it is well known than plants respond to UV-A and UV-B, examination of these wavelengths for postharvest applications has been scarce. Overall, UV is a promising technology for postharvest disease control and microbial population reduction in some operations; provided that economically feasible means of irradiating fruits and vegetables on a large scale are identified.
Indium Phosphide Optical MEMS for Chemical and Biological Sensing (2006)

We present a resonant cantilever sensor for use in chemical and biological sensing applications. Electrostatically actuated suspended indium phosphide (InP) waveguides are used as the sensing cantilevers. This sensor uses an integrated optical detection scheme which eliminates the need for free space optical components seen in traditional systems. Discussions on device design as well as data collection methods are presented. Mass sensitivity in the range of Deltam = 6.6times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-15</sup> g is reported, comparable to similar cantilever sensor designs. Integration of waveguide cantilever sensors with on chip optical sources and detectors is also discussed
Bridging the gaps between cameras (2004)

The paper investigates the unsupervised learning of a model of activity for a multi-camera surveillance network that can be created from a large set of observations. This enables the learning algorithm to establish links between camera views associated with an activity. The learning algorithm operates in a correspondence-free manner, exploiting the statistical consistency of the observation data. The derived model is used to automatically determine the topography of a network of cameras and to provide a means for tracking targets across the "blind" areas of the network. A theoretical justification and experimental validation of the methods are provided.
The Problem of the Lipalian Interval (1947)

Occasionally sweeping generalizations cling in the literature which are not supported by detailed studies by recent workers. The present paper, based largely upon a study of the literature, is an attempt to draw a coherent picture from the many conflicting statements concerning the pre-Cambrian-Cambrian succession. It is tentatively concluded that many sediments now classed as Lower Cambrian may have been deposited in pre-Cambrian time, resulting in transition from pre-Cambrian to Cambrian sediments with little or no break in deposition. Evidence is also presented to show that the acquirement of the shell-forming habit may have taken place in a comparatively short time and that this time may be represented by continuous marine deposition.
Friend or Foe? Detecting and Isolating Malicious Nodes in Mobile Edge Computing Platforms (2015)

The evolution of mobile devices into highly capable computing platforms that sense, store, and execute complex tasks is making them attractive candidates for edge computational micro-cloud settings. Such solutions are creating novel security challenges due to the increased push for more seamless computational cyber-foraging that leverages the exploding proliferation of mobile devices. A major concern is that security challenges stemming from these trends, are growing at a rate exceeding the evolution of security solutions. In this paper, we consider an environment in which computational offloading is performed among a set of mobile devices. We propose HoneyBot, a defense technique for device-to-device (d2d) malicious communication. While classical honeypots designed to isolate distributed denial of service (DDoS) botnet attacks fail to detect d2d insider attacks, HoneyBot nodes detect, track, and isolate such attacks. We propose and investigate detection and tracking algorithms that leverage insecure d2d infected communication channels to accurately and efficiently identify suspect malicious nodes and isolate them. Our data driven evaluation and analysis, based on 3 real world mobility traces, show that the number and placement of HoneyBot nodes (Hb) in the network considerably impact the tracking delay and the detection accuracy.
(3<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-3-[4-(4-Fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]chroman-4,7-diol:  A Conformationally Restricted Analogue of the NR2B Subtype-Selective NMDA Antagonist (1<i>S</i>,2<i>S</i>)-1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2- (4-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidino)-1-propanol (1998)

(1S,2S)-1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(4-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidino)-1-propanol (CP-101,606, 1) is a recently described antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors containing the NR2B subunit. In the present study, the optimal orientation of compounds of this structural type for their receptor was explored. Tethering of the pendent methyl group of 1 to the phenolic aromatic ring via an oxygen atom prevents rotation about the central portion of the molecule. Several of the new chromanol compounds have high affinity for the racemic [3H]CP-101,606 binding site on the NMDA receptor and protect against glutamate toxicity in cultured hippocampal neurons. The new ring caused a change in the stereochemical preference of the receptor-cis (erythro) compounds had better affinity for the receptor than the trans isomers. Computational studies suggest that steric interactions between the pendent methyl group and the phenol ring in the acyclic series determine which structures can best fit the receptor. The chromanol analogue, (3R,4S)-3-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1- yl]chroman-4,7-diol (12a, CP-283,097), was found to possess potency and selectivity comparable to CP-101,606. Thus 12a is a new tool to explore the function of the NR2B-containing NMDA receptors.
The three major antigens on the surface of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites are derived from a single high molecular weight precursor. (1984)

A 195,000 mol wt Plasmodium falciparum protein and processing fragments derived from it have been purified by monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography. A polyvalent antiserum has been raised against the purified protein and used to identify the terminal processing products associated with the merozoite. Three unique fragments of 83,000, 42,000, and 19,000 mol wt are present and they represent the major surface antigens of P. falciparum merozoites.
Learning Pose Grammar to Encode Human Body Configuration for 3D Pose Estimation (2018)

In this paper, we propose a pose grammar to tackle the problem of 3D human pose estimation. Our model directly takes 2D pose as input and learns a generalized 2D-3D mapping function. The proposed model consists of a base network which efficiently captures pose-aligned features and a hierarchy of Bi-directional RNNs (BRNN) on the top to explicitly incorporate a set of knowledge regarding human body configuration (i.e., kinematics, symmetry, motor coordination). The proposed model thus enforces high-level constraints over human poses. In learning, we develop a pose sample simulator to augment training samples in virtual camera views, which further improves our model generalizability. We validate our method on public 3D human pose benchmarks and propose a new evaluation protocol working on cross-view setting to verify the generalization capability of different methods. We empirically observe that most state-of-the-art methods encounter difficulty under such setting while our method can well handle such challenges.
Room temperature femtosecond X-ray diffraction of photosystem II microcrystals (2012)

Most of the dioxygen on earth is generated by the oxidation of water by photosystem II (PS II) using light from the sun. This light-driven, four-photon reaction is catalyzed by the Mn(4)CaO(5) cluster located at the lumenal side of PS II. Various X-ray studies have been carried out at cryogenic temperatures to understand the intermediate steps involved in the water oxidation mechanism. However, the necessity for collecting data at room temperature, especially for studying the transient steps during the O-O bond formation, requires the development of new methodologies. In this paper we report room temperature X-ray diffraction data of PS II microcrystals obtained using ultrashort (< 50 fs) 9 keV X-ray pulses from a hard X-ray free electron laser, namely the Linac Coherent Light Source. The results presented here demonstrate that the "probe before destroy" approach using an X-ray free electron laser works even for the highly-sensitive Mn(4)CaO(5) cluster in PS II at room temperature. We show that these data are comparable to those obtained in synchrotron radiation studies as seen by the similarities in the overall structure of the helices, the protein subunits and the location of the various cofactors. This work is, therefore, an important step toward future studies for resolving the structure of the Mn(4)CaO(5) cluster without any damage at room temperature, and of the reaction intermediates of PS II during O-O bond formation.
Effect of phenol on the synthesis of benzoxazine (2015)

The kinetic parameters of benzoxazine synthesis approximately equaled those of phenol consumption revealing that phenol was the key starting material.
Neural Prosthesis for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (2005)

Electrical stimulation of the hypoglossal (XII) nerve has been demonstrated as an effective approach to treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The physiological effects of conventional modes of stimulation (i.e., genioglossus activation or whole XII nerve stimulation), however, have yielded inconsistent and only partial alleviations of hypoapneic or apneic events. While selective stimulation of the multi-fasciculated XII nerve offers many stimulus options, it is not clear how they will functionally affect the upper airway (UAW). To study these effects, animal experiments in four beagles were performed to investigate changes in critical pressure (Pcrit), during inspiration. For simulated inspiration, only whole XII nerve stimulation (-0.9 ± 0.4 cmH2O) and co-activation of the GG + HG/SG muscles (-1.18 ± 0.6 cmH2O) produced significant (p < 0.05) improvements in UAW stability (i.e., lowered Pcrit), compared to baseline (-0.52 ± 0.32 cmH2O). The results of this study suggest that a multi-contact nerve electrode can achieve both UAW dilation and patency, comparable to that obtained with non-selective stimulation by selectively activating the various branches of the XII nerve.
F0 Estimation Method for Singing Voice in Polyphonic Audio Signal Based on Statistical Vocal Model and Viterbi Search (2006)

This paper describes a method for estimating F0s of vocal from polyphonic audio signals. Because melody is sung by a singer in many musical pieces, the estimation of F0s of the vocal part is useful for many applications. Based on existing multiple-F0 estimation method, we evaluate the vocal probabilities of the harmonic structure of each F0 candidate. In order to calculate the vocal probabilities of the harmonic structure, we extract and resynthesize the harmonic structure by using a sinusoidal model and extract feature vectors. Then, we evaluate the vocal probability by using vocal and non-vocal Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). Finally, we track F0 trajectories using these probabilities based on Viterbi search. Experimental results show that our method improves estimation accuracy from 78.1% to 84.3%, which is 28.3% reduction of misestimation
Relationships among retinoid structure, inhibition of growth, and cellular retinoic acid-binding protein in cultured S91 melanoma cells. (1980)

S91 melanoma cells, which are sensitive to retinoic acid and contain a cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (RABP), were used in an investigation of the possible correlation between the capacities of various retinoids to inhibit cell proliferation and to bind to the RABP. Each of 27 different retinoids was evaluated for growth-inhibitory activity by exposing S91 melanoma cells to various retinoid concentrations between 1 nM and 10 microM. Subsequently, the ability of 17 of these retinoids to compete with [3H]retinoic acid for binding to RABP was determined. The results demonstrate that in addition to retinoic acid, many retinoids are capable of inhibiting the proliferation of S91 melanoma cells, although some are considerably less active. A positive correlation was found between the abilities of retinoids possessing a free carboxyl group at carbon 15 to inhibit cell proliferation and to bind to RABP. The structure-activity relationships established with the S91 cells are compared with previous reports on the biological activities of various retinoids in other systems.
TWO-LEVEL THREE-LEVEL FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLOW ANALYSIS BASED ON BUBBLE FUNCTIONS (2004)

A new finite element formulation with bubble functions for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are proposed in this paper. As the numerical approach, the spacial discretization is applied the mixed interpolations for velocity and pressure fields by the bubble element and linear element, respectively. Two-level three-level finite element approximation based on bubble functions is used for the discretization. To verify applicability of presented method, standing vortex problem and cavity flow are performed for the numerical examples.
Electron Deficiency of the Fullerenes (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectron Deficiency of the FullerenesP. W. Fowler and A. CeulemansCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 2, 508–510Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100002a010https://doi.org/10.1021/j100002a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views704Altmetric-Citations140LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
In a class of its own — the RNA polymerase sigma factor σ;<sup>54</sup> (σ<sup>N</sup>) (1993)

Bacteria synthesize a number of different sigma factors which allow the co-ordinate expression of groups of genes owing to the ability of sigma to confer promoter-specific transcription initiation on RNA polymerase. In nearly all cases these sigmas belong to a single family of proteins which appear to be related structurally and functionally to the major Escherichia coli sigma factor, sigma 70. A clear exception is the sigma factor sigma 54 (sigma N), encoded by rpoN, which represents a second family of sigmas that is widely distributed in prokaryotes. Studies of sigma 54 (sigma N) have demonstrated that this sigma is quite distinct both structurally and functionally from the sigma 70 family and the mode of transcription initiation which it mediates may have more in common with that found in eukaryotes than that which occurs with sigma 70 and its relatives.
Small Molecule Antagonizes Autoinhibition and Activates AMP-activated Protein Kinase in Cells (2008)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) serves as an energy sensor and is considered a promising drug target for treatment of type II diabetes and obesity. A previous report has shown that mammalian AMPK alpha1 catalytic subunit including autoinhibitory domain was inactive. To test the hypothesis that small molecules can activate AMPK through antagonizing the autoinhibition in alpha subunits, we screened a chemical library with inactive human alpha1(394) (alpha1, residues 1-394) and found a novel small-molecule activator, PT1, which dose-dependently activated AMPK alpha1(394), alpha1(335), alpha2(398), and even heterotrimer alpha1beta1gamma1. Based on PT1-docked AMPK alpha1 subunit structure model and different mutations, we found PT1 might interact with Glu-96 and Lys-156 residues near the autoinhibitory domain and directly relieve autoinhibition. Further studies using L6 myotubes showed that the phosphorylation of AMPK and its downstream substrate, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, were dose-dependently and time-dependently increased by PT1 with-out an increase in cellular AMP:ATP ratio. Moreover, in HeLa cells deficient in LKB1, PT1 enhanced AMPK phosphorylation, which can be inhibited by the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinases inhibitor STO-609 and AMPK inhibitor compound C. PT1 also lowered hepatic lipid content in a dose-dependent manner through AMPK activation in HepG2 cells, and this effect was diminished by compound C. Taken together, these data indicate that this small-molecule activator may directly activate AMPK via antagonizing the autoinhibition in vitro and in cells. This compound highlights the effort to discover novel AMPK activators and can be a useful tool for elucidating the mechanism responsible for conformational change and autoinhibitory regulation of AMPK.
The Cyanogen Bromide Peptides of Bovine Soluble and Insoluble Collagens: II. Tissue Specific Cross-linked Peptides of Insoluble Skin and Dentin Collagen (1976)

Cyanogen bromide peptides were prepared from insoluble bovine skin and dentin collagens and compared by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecylsulphate, with those of the alpha1 and alpha2 chains of soluble type I and type III collagen. Both insoluble collagens yielded predominantly the peptides of type I collagen. Insoluble skin collagen was approximately 13% type III. Type III collagen if present in dentin, is present in smaller quanitity not detected by the technique used here. Several new fragments, different in each tissue, were obtained which could not be accounted for as uncleaved peptides. Three of those from dentin were isolated by gel chromatography and characterized by amino acid analysis. Two were found to contain 3-hydroxyproline, suggesting the presence of alpha1CB6. The recovery of only 25-30% of alpha1CB6 in the expected position on SDS gel electrophoresis indicated that it was involved in interactions with other peptides in these two tissues to the extent of one and a half cross-links per tropocollagen molecule. The nature and distributin of cross-link peptides of bovine skin and dentin collagens was distinctly different.
Implementasi Sistem Aplikasi Pengajuan Cuti Karyawan Berbasis Android Pada Security Operation Management (2021)

Currently the process of applying for employee leave is sometimes still semi-computerized so it takes a long time for approval, and do not know the amount of remaining and the history of leave. Therefore, it requires an Android-based application system for staff and managers, as well as for website-based admins. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to make the process of applying for leave faster and reduce the amount of paper used for the approval. The method that will be used to build this application is data collection method by observation, interview and literature study while in the analysis method using PIECES method and system design using UML (Unified Modeling Language), testing using Black Box Testing, programming language that will be used for Android namely Java with Android studio IDE. For web programming use PHP with Visual Studio Code editor and MySQL Database. This research is to facilitate the application of leave by the employee concerned during the approval process and management of data reports.