gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> and ageing: current issues and interaction with folate (2013)

A compromised vitamin B12 status is common in older people despite dietary intakes that typically far exceed current recommendations. The maintenance of an optimal status of vitamin B12 is not only dependent on adequate dietary intake but more critically on effective absorption which diminishes with age. The measurement of vitamin B12 is complicated by the lack of a gold standard assay. There are a number of direct and functional indicators of vitamin B12 status; however, none of these are without limitations and should be used in combination. Vitamin B12 is of public health importance, not only because deficiency leads to megaloblastic anaemia and irreversible nerve damage, but also because emerging evidence links low B12 to an increased risk of a number of age-related diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cognitive dysfunction, dementia and osteoporosis. Furthermore, there are concerns relating to potential adverse effects for older adults with low vitamin B12 status of over-exposure to folic acid in countries where there is mandatory fortification of food with folic acid. The aim of this review is to examine the known and emerging issues related to vitamin B12 in ageing, its assessment and inter-relationship with folate.
A 10 b 250 MHz BiCMOS track and hold (2002)

This BiCMOS track and hold (T&H) circuit is intended for use as the front end of an A/D conversion system. The T&H operates at 250MHz sampling rate and is capable of limiting the harmonic distortion to -62dB for a 70MHz sinewave input. Similar results are obtained with 10MHz input sinewaves and 200MHz sampling frequency. The circuit exhibits hold-mode feedthrough and pedestal errors significantly better than previously-published results. A 12GHz-f/sup T/ O.8/spl mu/m BiCMOS process is used.
A Riemannian Modification of Artifact Subspace Reconstruction for EEG Artifact Handling (2019)

Artifact Subspace Reconstruction (ASR) is an adaptive method for the online or offline correction of artifacts comprising multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. It repeatedly computes a principal component analysis (PCA) on covariance matrices to detect artifacts based on their statistical properties in the component subspace. We adapted the existing ASR implementation by using Riemannian geometry for covariance matrix processing. EEG data that were recorded on smartphone in both outdoors and indoors conditions were used for evaluation (<i>N</i> = 27). A direct comparison between the original ASR and Riemannian ASR (rASR) was conducted for three performance measures: reduction of eye-blinks (sensitivity), improvement of visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) (specificity), and computation time (efficiency). Compared to ASR, our rASR algorithm performed favorably on all three measures. We conclude that rASR is suitable for the offline and online correction of multichannel EEG data acquired in laboratory and in field conditions.
Positively-charged gold nanoparticles as peroxidiase mimic and their application in hydrogen peroxide and glucose detection (2010)

Positively-charged gold nanoparticles possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, and can catalyze oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by H(2)O(2) to develop a blue color in aqueous solution, thus providing a simple approach to colorimetric detection of H(2)O(2) and glucose.
A time sequence of vessel wall changes in an experimental model of angioplasty (1994)

A detailed temporal sequence of vessel wall changes in a rabbit model of balloon angioplasty, to the iliac arteries, at 30 min, 2 h, day 1, day 3, day 7, day 14, 1 month, and 3 months was established using light microscopy, immunostaining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and electron microscopy. Complete endothelial denudation with extensive platelet and fibrin deposition was evident early. Intimal thickening, characterized by myointimal hyperplasia, was observed at day 7 and reached a maximum at 1 month. Re-endothelization was complete by day 14. Cellular proliferation, seen early at day 1, reached a maximum at day 7 for the media and day 14 for the intima before returning to baseline levels by 1 month. This simple model of angioplasty with its reproducible myointimal hyperplasia should prove useful for assessing any potential agents for inhibiting this process.
Hyperexpression of NOTCH-1 is found in immature acute myeloid leukemia. (2014)

The Notch signaling pathway is a cell program that is active during early development of multicellular organisms and is required for the formation of basic structures in the growing embryo. Scientific evidence which has accumulated during the last years clearly indicates that aberrant pathway activation may also be critical for the pathogenesis of malignant disease. Despite some limited information the exact role of the Notch signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poorly defined. Immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsies from 97 patients with AML, treated between February 1994 and May 2011, for NOTCH-1 was performed according to standardized procedures. Immunological, cytological, pathological, molecular and clinical data were obtained from the hospitals database and patient records. Hyperexpression of NOTCH-1 was seen in 7/97 AML specimens, the other patients showed some expression of NOTCH-1. There was a significant correlation between hyperexpression of NOTCH-1 and the morphological subgroup M0/1 - AML without morphologic maturation (p<0.001). Significant correlation between NOTCH-1 hyperexpression and coexpression of CD7, a phenotypic marker of immaturity (p<0.001) was also seen. Patients with hyperexpression of NOTCH-1 were found to have an inferior overall survival in this retrospective study. Our results indicate that a specific subgroup of AMLs may be associated with hyperexpression of components of the Notch signaling pathway. Better knowledge in pathway signaling in AML could help to identify patient subsets that may benefit from administration of pathway inhibitors and could also contribute to tailored treatment.
A direct assay for the routine measurement of testosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2015)

We have developed a rapid assay for the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry measurement of testosterone, androstenedione, dihydrotestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in a routine clinical laboratory. The assay requires a small volume of serum, and all analytes are measured simultaneously. The assay is rapid and simple to execute offering the potential for routine clinical application.
Ionic liquid–polymer gel catalytic membrane (1997)

A novel catalytic membrane for heterogeneous hydrogenation is fabricated by incorporating palladium into a gas-permeable ionic liquid–polymer gel composed of 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and poly(vinylidene fluoride)–hexafluoropropylene copolymer.
A Low-Power Instruction Cache Architecture Exploiting Program Execution Footprints (2001)

On-chip caches have been playing an important role in achieving high performance processors. In particu-lar, much higher performance is required for instruction caches because one or more instructions have to be is-sued on every clock cycle. In other words, from energy point of view, the instruction cache consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, it is strongly required to reduce the energy consumption for instruction-cache accesses. In direct-mapped instruction caches, tag comparison and data read are performed in parallel. Thus, the total energy consumed for a cache access has two factors: the energy for the tag comparison and that for the data read. Cache subbanking is one of approaches to reduc-ing the data-access energy: the data-memory array is partitioned into several subbanks, and only the sub-bank which includes the desired data is activated [1]. We have calculated the energy consumption for a 16 KB direct-mapped cache based on Kamble’s model [1]. Note that the energy for I/O drivers and address de-coder is not included in this calculation. As a result, it has been observed that increasing the number of sub-banks reduces a lot of energy for the data memory. Since the tag-access energy is maintained, however, the effect of the tag comparison becomes a significant fac-tor on the total energy consumption. In fact, where the subbank width is the same as the processor-word width, the energy consumed for the tag-memory ac-cesses occupies about 30 % and almost half of total en-ergy in 32-bit and 64-bit microprocessors, respectively. 2
Comparison Between Single-Screw and Triangulated, Double-Screw Fixation in Anterior Spine Surgery (1996)

In anterior surgery, fixation of the vertebra-device interface can be improved considerably by application of two triangulated screws.
Achieving Improved Reliability with Failure Analysis (2018)

Reliability is the ability of a product to properly function, within specified performance limits, for a specified period of time, under the life cycle application conditions. Failure analysis is a vital tool in the effort to ensure reliability of electronic products and systems throughout their product lifecycle. Today, organizations involved in activities within the electronics supply chain are facing new challenges, not just from complex assembly styles, harsher lifecycle environments, and sophisticated supply chains, but also from customers who are demanding a quicker turn-around. Unfortunately, root cause failure analysis is often performed incompletely, leading to a poor understanding of failure mechanisms and causes and, customer dissatisfaction due to recurring failures. The PDC starts with an introduction to reliability concepts, physics of failure and an overview of failure mechanisms that affect PCBs, PCBAs and components. The PDC then dives into root cause hypothesizing techniques (Pareto, FMEA, fishbone, FTA), non-destructive and destructive analysis and, materials characterization will be discussed. Numerous failure analysis case studies will be used to illustrate the techniques and analysis principles to arrive at the root cause(s) of field failures on printed circuit boards, active components, and assemblies. What Will You Learn: Topics include: Overview of Reliability Concepts Failure mechanisms of electronic products Root cause analysis Failure analysis techniques -Non-destructive techniques (optical, CSAM etc.) -Destructive analysis (DPA, Decap, FIB etc.) -Materials characterization (XRF, EDS, TMA/DSC etc.) Who Will Benefit: Reliability engineers, failure analysis engineers, engineering managers, design engineers, component engineers, quality assurance functions and, personnel involved with reliability activities within their company.
Dante memorials (1933)

Dante memorials Get access P. McP P. McP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume CLXIV, Issue feb18, 18 February 1933, Page 123, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/CLXIV.feb18.123a Published: 18 February 1933
Molindone in chronic schizophrenia (1970)

Molindone, a new indole derivative, was evaluated as an antipsychotic agent with the use of a double‐blind placebo‐controlled technique. Antipsychotic activity relative to placebo was apparent, although it did not appear as impressive as that of the standard drug, chlorpromazine. A possible alerting effect associated with molindone was not apparent with chlorpromazine. Side effects were no more frequent than those seen with the usual psychotropic drugs.
Histochemical Demonstration of Methamphetamine by Immunocytochemistry (1987)

A method for the demonstration of methamphetamine (MA) by immunocytochemistry was established. The tissues of intoxicated mice, administered various amounts of MA in single doses of from 0.01 to 1 mg of MA-HCl, were fixed in glutaraldehyde-containing fixatives. Cryostat and paraffin slices gave a positive reaction of MA localization by staining the brain, liver, kidney, lung, stomach, spleen, and so forth, with the aid of the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Those of animals administered a single dose of 0.1 mg or more (over 3 to 4 mg/kg--the usual dose of MA in acute intoxication death in forensic medicine), in particular, gave a strong strong reaction, so that the diagnosis of MA intoxication can be performed by macroscopic observation of stained slices. The histochemical diagnosis of MA intoxication in clinical toxicology and pathology might be regarded as a useful tool, especially in forensic pathology. The following cells gave a strong positive reaction: nerve cells and myelin sheaths, hepatocytes, epithelial cells of the distal part of the renal tubule and of the collecting tubule, alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells of the lung, chief and parietal cells of the gastric gland, capillaries of the renal glomerulus, macrophages in the blood and tissues, and striated muscle cells including cardiocytes. The morphological evidence of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of MA can be determined at the cellular level by immunocytochemistry.
GaN alternating current light‐emitting device (2007)

Abstract We report a new design of the light‐emitting device which can be operated under alternating current source directly. The new type alternating current driven light‐emitting device (AC LED) can increase the radition area in each bias direction to improve the device efficiency by the Wheatstone Bridge (WB) circuit design. WB‐AC LEDs with different designs were fabricated and the electrical and optical characteristics were measured. It is found that the efficiency of the WB‐AC LED is influenced by the varied area ratio of the rectified microchip to the central one because of the different current density and forward bias of each microchip. Additionally, the relationship between the area ratio of microchips and the wall plug efficiency of the WB‐AC LED has also been discussed. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Supranormal Electroretinogram in<i>F</i><i>at-1</i>Mice with Retinas Enriched in Docosahexaenoic Acid and n<i>-</i>3 Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (C24–C36) (2009)

Highly enriched DHA and n-3 VLCFA in the retina lead to supernormal scotopic and photopic ERGs and increases in Müller cell reactivity and oxidative stress in photoreceptors. The regulation of n-3 fatty acids levels and of the n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio are essential in preserving retinal integrity.
Markov Chains for Computer Music Generation (2021)

Random generation of music goes back at least to the 1700s with the introduction of Musical Dice Games. More recently, Markov chain models have been used as a way of extracting information from a piece of music and generating new music. We explain this approach and give Python code for using it to first draw out a model of the music and then create new music with that model.
Immunohistochemical study of beta- and kappa-casein in the human breast and breast carcinomas, using monoclonal antibodies. (1989)

The immunohistochemical analysis of human beta- and kappa-caseins in the human breast, benign breast disease, and breast carcinomas is reported. The monoclonal antibodies LICR-LON-32.2 and LICR-LON-14.1 which react with human beta- and kappa-casein, respectively (Earl, H. M., and McIlhinney, R. A. J. Mol. Immunol., 22: 981-991, 1985) were used for these studies. Human beta- and kappa-caseins were detected in lactating human breast tissue, lactational foci in the resting breast, and heterogeneously in the 16th-week pregnant breast, but not in normal breast tissue. In benign breast disease occasional epithelial cells were demonstrated to synthesize beta- and kappa-caseins, but this finding did not appear to correlate with the hormonal status or previous obstetric histories of the patients. However, similar studies in 45 breast carcinomas with a wide range of estrogen receptor content, demonstrated no detectable beta- or kappa-casein. These results demonstrate that the caseins, which are biochemical markers of mammary gland differentiated function, and have been previously put forward as markers of breast cancer, were not synthesized in the 45 human breast carcinomas studied here, even in tumors with high levels of estrogen receptor protein.
A 55-kW Three-Phase Inverter Based on Hybrid-Switch Soft-Switching Modules for High-Temperature Hybrid Electric Vehicle Drive Application (2012)

This paper presents a 55-kW three-phase inverter based on soft-switching modules for hybrid electric vehicle drives at high-temperature conditions. The main switch of the module is composed of the hybrid switch, which is composed of parallel IGBT and MOSFET. Highly integrated soft-switching modules have been employed to achieve switching loss as well as conduction loss reduction. The operation principle of the proposed inverter is analyzed in detail. Experimental evaluations of the inverter have been conducted through both inductive load and motor-dynamometer load at coolant temperatures ranging from 25°C to 90°C. Efficiency measurement using power meter showed that the peak efficiency is around 99%, and it drops slightly at lower speed and higher temperature conditions. To ensure measurement fidelity, a double-chamber differential calorimeter system was designed and calibrated for the inverter testing. Through long-hour testing, the measured efficiencies consistently showed 99% and higher. The soft-switching inverter has been operated reliably and demonstrated high efficiency at different temperature and test conditions.
Spare allocation and reconfiguration in large area VLSI (1988)

One approach to enhancing the yield of large area VLSI is through design for yield enhancement by means of restructurable interconnect, logic and computational elements. Although extensive literature exists concerning architectural design for inclusion of spares and restructuring mechanisms in memories and processor arrays, little research has been published on optimal spare allocation and reconfiguration in the presence of multiple defects. In this paper, a summary of a systematic approach developed by the authors for spare allocation and reconfiguration is presented. Spare allocation is modeled in graph theoretic terms in which spare allocation for a specific reconfigurable system is shown to be equivalent to either a graph matching or a graph dominating set problem. The complexity of optimal spare allocation for each of the problem classes is analyzed in this paper and reconfiguration algorithms are provided.
From Garbage to Biomaterials: An Overview on Egg Shell Based Hydroxyapatite (2014)

The conversion of waste obtained from agricultural processes into biocompatible materials (biomaterials) used in medical surgery is a strategy that will add more value in waste utilization. This strategy has successfully turned the rather untransformed wastes into high value products. Eggshell is an agricultural waste largely considered as useless and is discarded mostly because it contributes to pollution. This waste has potential for producing hydroxyapatite, a major component found in bone and teeth. Hydroxyapatite is an excellent material used in bone repair and tissue regeneration. The use of eggshell to generate hydroxyapatite will reduce the pollution effect of the waste and the subsequent conversion of the waste into a highly valuable product. In this paper, we reviewed the utilization of this agricultural waste (eggshell) in producing hydroxyapatite. The process of transforming eggshell into hydroxyapatite and nanohydroxyapatite is an environmentally friendly process. Eggshell based hydroxyapatite and nanohydroxyapatite stand as good chance of reducing the cost of treatment in bone repair or replacement with little impact on the environment.
Preparation of Bubble Coating and Formation of Microporous Layer (2001)

これまで紙パ産業では, 泡を取り除く技術について精力的に取り組んできた反面, 泡を積極的に利用した例は少ない。本報では, 気泡含有塗料の調製と, 泡を利用した多孔性塗膜の形成につき報告する。本多孔性塗膜は, 界面活性剤および粘度調整剤を含む樹脂液に, 気体混入撹拝法によって多数の微細気泡を含有させ, これを基材上に塗工, 乾燥することによって形成される。本多孔性塗膜の形成には, 塗料中の気泡を微細化し, 塗膜形成過程の泡沫を安定化することが重要である。界面科学的な考察, および実験結果から, 泡の微細化/安定化に必要な要因を明らかにし, 結果として気泡径が4～12μmの気泡含有塗料を調製した。本多孔性塗膜含有シートを溶融熱転写記録紙として用いると, 優れた記録品質が得られる。微細孔による毛細管力由来の溶融インクの吸収性, 高い断熱性由来のインク溶融に必要な熱の保持, および高い圧縮変形性由来のインクリボンとの密着性が, 優れた記録性能の発現に寄与していると考える。
Dendritic Cell (DC)-Based Anti-Infective Strategies: DCs Engineered to Secrete IL-12 Are a Potent Vaccine in a Murine Model of an Intracellular Infection (1999)

Infections with intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania donovani and Mycobacterium tuberculosis pose serious health problems worldwide. Effective vaccines for these pathogens are not available. Furthermore, despite optimal therapy, disease progression is often seen with several intracellular infections. For these reasons, we initiated studies to develop novel anti-infective vaccine and treatment strategies that couple the potent Ag-presenting capacity of dendritic cells (DC) with paracrine delivery of potent anti-infective cytokines such as IL-12 to local immune response sites. We tested this strategy in a murine model of visceral leishmaniasis. Adoptive transfer of DCs pulsed ex vivo with soluble L. donovani Ags (SLDA) to naive mice induced the Ag-specific production of IFN-gamma, and increased the percentage of activation markers on spleen lymphocytes. SLDA-pulsed DCs engineered by retroviral gene transfer techniques to secrete high levels of biologically active murine IL-12 augmented this immune response further. In several different vaccination and immunotherapy protocols, compared with sham-treated mice, animals receiving SLDA-pulsed DCs either before or following infection had 1-3 log lower parasite burdens, and this protection was associated with a pronounced enhancement in the parasite-specific IFN-gamma response. The augmentation of this protection by IL-12-engineered DCs was striking. First, live parasites were not detected in the liver of mice vaccinated with IL-12-transduced, SLDA-pulsed DCs. Second, this parasitological response was associated with a nearly normal liver histology. In contrast, parasites and granulomas were found in mice vaccinated with SLDA-pulsed, nontransduced DCs. Collectively, these studies provide the rationale for the development of potent DC-based immunotherapies.
A zinc phosphate analogue of analcime: kehoeite (1964)

Summary Kehoeite, a hydrated zinc aluminate-phosphate, produces an X-ray powder diffraction pattern with interplanar spacings similar to those of analcime, viséite, and pollucite. The diffraction maxima appear to be compatible with a cubic (or pseudocubic) lattice with a 13·7 Å. It is concluded that kehoeite is essentially isostructural with analcime and that its framework is composed of linked tetrahedra: (AlO 2 ) − , (H 3 O 2 ) − , and (PO 2 ) + , as was found to be the case for viséite, which contains (SiO 2 ) in addition. Calculations of the density, the number of oxygens in the unit cell, and the chemical composition are consistent with the structural formula Zn 5·5 Ca 2·5 (H 2 O) 32 [(Al 16 P 16 (H 3 ) 16 )O 96 ].