gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> study on the anticandidal activity of <i>Melaleuca alternifolia</i> (tea tree) essential oil combined with chitosan (2008)

Abstract The in vitro activities of commercial Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (tea tree oil; TTO) and chitosan were investigated against Candida albicans , both alone and in combination, to assess their potential synergistic action; their anticandidal properties were assessed using standard microbiological techniques, such as MIC evaluation and a ‘time–kill’ test. Our results demonstrated that both TTO and chitosan possess remarkable activity against Candida : TTO inhibited C. albicans at 0.5 % v/v and was able to kill yeast cells in 120 min at 1% and in 300 min at 0.5–0.25%; as far as chitosan was concerned, 0.5 mg/ml were required to inhibit Candida growth in liquid medium, whereas 0.5–2 mg/ml chitosan required 24 h to kill them in the ‘time–kill’ test; this effect was pH‐dependent, being present at pH 5.0 and disappearing at pH 2.0. When TTO and chitosan were tested together, the polymer reduced the MIC of TTO but did not enhance the activity of the oil as evaluated in the ‘time–kill’ test. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Comparison of Warfarin and Aspirin for the Prevention of Recurrent Ischemic Stroke (2001)

Over two years, we found no difference between aspirin and warfarin in the prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke or death or in the rate of major hemorrhage. Consequently, we regard both warfarin and aspirin as reasonable therapeutic alternatives.
Arabidopsis Membrane Steroid Binding Protein 1 Is Involved in Inhibition of Cell Elongation (2004)

A putative Membrane Steroid Binding Protein (designated MSBP1) was identified and functionally characterized as a negative regulator of cell elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. The MSBP1 gene encodes a 220-amino acid protein that can bind to progesterone, 5-dihydrotestosterone, 24-epi-brassinolide (24-eBL), and stigmasterol with different affinities in vitro. Transgenic plants overexpressing MSBP1 showed short hypocotyl phenotype and increased steroid binding capacity in membrane fractions, whereas antisense MSBP1 transgenic plants showed long hypocotyl phenotypes and reduced steroid binding capacity, indicating that MSBP1 negatively regulates hypocotyl elongation. The reduced cell elongation of MSBP1-overexpressing plants was correlated with altered expression of genes involved in cell elongation, such as expansins and extensins, indicating that enhanced MSBP1 affected a regulatory pathway for cell elongation. Suppression or overexpression of MSBP1 resulted in enhanced or reduced sensitivities, respectively, to exogenous progesterone and 24-eBL, suggesting a negative role of MSBP1 in steroid signaling. Expression of MSBP1 in hypocotyls is suppressed by darkness and activated by light, suggesting that MSBP1, as a negative regulator of cell elongation, plays a role in plant photomorphogenesis. This study demonstrates the functional roles of a steroid binding protein in growth regulation in higher plants.
The Lowest Excited State of Brightly Emitting Gold(I) Triphosphine Complexes (2010)

The strongly luminescent neutral gold(I) triphosphine complexes [Au(dipnc)(PPh(3))] and [Au(dppnc)(PPh(3))] with dipnc = 7,8-bis(diisopropylphosphino)-nido-carborane ([(PiPr(2))(2)B(9)H(10)C(2))](-)) and dppnc = 7,8-bis(diphenylphosphino)-nido-carborane ([(PPh(2))(2)B(9)H(10)C(2)](-)) are studied in a wide range of temperatures of 1.5 <or= T <or= 300 K. Analysis of the emission decay dynamics provides detailed information about the lowest triplet state. In particular, the magnitude of zero-field splitting of the emitting state is determined to be 47 and 29 cm(-1) for [Au(dipnc)(PPh(3))] and [Au(dppnc)(PPh(3))], respectively. The emission decay times of the individual triplet substates lie in the range of 4 to 130 mus. The observed photophysical properties suggest that the molecular orbitals involved in the lowest electronic transitions exhibit, beside gold orbitals, considerable contributions from nonmetallic ligand orbitals. OLED or sensor application of these complexes is suggested.
Depth-resolved holographic optical coherence imaging using a high-sensitivity photorefractive polymer device (2008)

We present coherence-gated holographic imaging using a highly sensitive photorefractive (PR) polymer composite as the recording medium. Due to the high sensitivity of the composite holographic recording at intensities as low as 5 mW/cm2 allowed for a frame exposure time of only 500ms. Motivated by regenerative medical applications, we demonstrate optical depth sectioning of a polymer foam for use as a cell culture matrix. An axial resolution of 18 μm and a transverse resolution of 30 μm up to a depth of 600 μm was obtained using an off-axis recording geometry.
REVIEW OF SOME FLUID OSCILLATORS (1969)

Abstract : Fluid oscillators of various types have been developed and applied to fluidic systems for sensing or missile control. The operating characteristics of these oscillators, including the dependence of the frequency on the stagnation pressure and temperature, are a function of the type of return loop employed for maintaining oscillations. This report discusses and summarizes the operating principles, design, frequency variation, and applications of some of the most prominent oscillators such as: The sonic, lumped R-C-R and L-R, edgetone, ringtone, and vortex oscillators.
Primary liver cancer and oesophageal basal cell hyperplasia in rats caused by <i>fusarium moniliforme</i> (1984)

Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon is one of the most prevalent fungi associated with maize throughout the world. A correlation has been found between the incidence of F. moniliforme in home-grown maize and the human oesophageal cancer rate in Transkei, southern Africa. Culture material on maize of F. moniliforme strain MRC 826, isolated from maize in a high-risk area for oesophageal cancer in Transkei, was either freeze-dried or oven-dried and fed to groups of 20 inbred male BD IX rats on a life-long basis. At a dietary level of 8%, both types of culture material were hepatotoxic and caused 100% mortality. Hepatic lesions in rats that died were characterized by cirrhosis, nodular hyperplasia and bile-duct proliferation. At a dietary level of 4% for 286 days followed by 2% for the remainder of the experiment, both types of culture material were hepatocarcinogenic and caused hepatocellular carcinoma in 80% and ductular carcinoma of the liver in 63% of the rats surviving more than 450 days. Only one of 30 such rats did not have a primary hepatic carcinoma. No hepatocellular or ductular carcinomas occurred in the controls. Hepatocellular carcinomas in the experimental rats invariably developed in severely cirrhotic livers showing nodular hyperplasia. Adenofibrosis also developed concurrently with hepatocellular carcinoma. A higher incidence of basal cell hyperplasia occurred in the oesophageal epithelia of rats fed freeze-dried than in those fed oven-dried material. The chemical nature of the hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin(s) produced by F. moniliforme is unknown.
Physical Therapy Procedures: Selected Techniques (1975)

Journal Article Physical Therapy Procedures: Selected Techniques Get access Physical Therapy Procedures: Selected Techniques. By Downer AH. Springfield, IL, Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1974, cloth, 216 pp, $7.95 Ruth Wood Ruth Wood Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Physical Therapy, Volume 55, Issue 2, February 1975, Page 202, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/55.2.202 Published: 01 February 1975
Measuring and Managing Ratio Compression for Accurate iTRAQ/TMT Quantification (2013)

Isobaric mass tagging (e.g., TMT and iTRAQ) is a precise and sensitive multiplexed peptide/protein quantification technique in mass spectrometry. However, accurate quantification of complex proteomic samples is impaired by cofragmentation of peptides, leading to systematic underestimation of quantitative ratios. Label-free quantification strategies do not suffer from such an accuracy bias but cannot be multiplexed and are less precise. Here, we compared protein quantification results obtained with these methods for a chemoproteomic competition binding experiment and evaluated the utility of measures of spectrum purity in survey spectra for estimating the impact of cofragmentation on measured TMT-ratios. While applying stringent interference filters enables substantially more accurate TMT quantification, this came at the expense of 30%-60% fewer proteins quantified. We devised an algorithm that corrects experimental TMT ratios on the basis of determined peptide interference levels. The quantification accuracy achieved with this correction was comparable to that obtained with stringent spectrum filters but limited the loss in coverage to <10%. The generic applicability of the fold change correction algorithm was further demonstrated by spiking of chemoproteomics samples into excess amounts of E. coli tryptic digests.
Wallet-on-wheels &#x2014; Using vehicle's identity for secure mobile money (2013)

Mobile Money is growing in the developed world while cars are becoming much smarter. Combine the two — and you get cars that ‘own’ a wallet. We propose not a user-centric, but a car-centric service that enables cars to have Pre-Pay subscription accounts for car-related purchases and for linking to financial services. The solution uses advanced car communications capability and securely stored car credentials to offer enhanced authentication security, which is a pre-requisite for such financial services. We propose strengthening the authentication procedure further with the ‘Twin-Set’ (of ‘Two-Factor’) method using both car-based and SIM-based authentication, and the ‘Twin-Step’ confirmation method for service authorization. In this paper we present an innovative use of advanced technologies, combining M2M, Mobile-Money, Automotive Communications and advanced security procedures.
Design and Thermal Analysis of LED Lamp Cooling by using Optimization of Circular Fins (2015)

The selection of particular fin configuration in LED Lamp for heat transfer application depend on the  weight and manufacturing technique consideration as well as the thermal characteristics it exhibits, Circular Fins are one of the most popular choice for enhancing the heat transfer rate to Minimize an junction temperature by minimizing the total thermal resistance of system. For actively cooled systems,  this may essentially be achieved by simultaneously engineering the conduction through the heat sink and creating a well-designed flow pattern of Heat over suitable convective surface area. Finite element method (FEM) was used to compute the maximum temperature at junction of LED. An extensive study was carried out using ANSYS, a powerful platform for Heat flow through Led Heat sink. Results obtained were presented in a series of temperature along the length of fins. Keywords : ANSYS, Circular Fins, FEM, Junction Temperature, Thermal Resistance.
An Analysis of the Olympic Sponsorship Effect on Consumer Brand Choice in the Carbonated Soft Drink Market Using Household Scanner Data (2011)

Abstract Diverse notions on the effectiveness of sport sponsorship have been discussed to some degree in literature on consumer psychology and shareholder wealth. However, there is little investigation on a micro-level that provides empirical evidence for financial returns resulting from sponsorship. In fact, few studies have explored issues related to the evaluation of sponsorship return on investment (ROI), particularly regarding the scope of measurement. This study investigates the effects of a major Olympic sponsorship on consumers’ actual soft drink choices. It analyzes Nielsen Homescan purchase data for over 10,000 American households for a 3-year period spanning Coca-Cola's sponsorship of the 2006 Olympic Winter Games and the 2008 Summer Games. Our analysis indicates that Olympic sponsorship may have generated significantly greater consumer choices for Coke over Pepsi during the Games. The effectiveness of sponsorship is statistically supported, even after controlling for sales increases attributed to traditional media advertising. It demonstrates that evaluation of sponsorship ROI is empirically achievable.
<title>Texture characterization of compressed aerial images using DCT coefficients</title> (1997)

We test the performance of a texture feature constructed from the variance of the first eight AC Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficients of JPEG compressed images. We break the image into sub-images, consisting of many 8*8 blocks, and them calculate the variance of each DCT coefficient across the sub-image. We evaluate the texture feature at two different image resolutions, and at three different quality factors. In our high resolution image a pixel covered a square of side 4 cm on the ground. Our low resolution image was generated by subsampling. Representative feature vectors were generated for give subjectively identified textures, by averaging a small training set. Each sub-image was then classified according to the representative feature vector closest in feature space. Compression ratio had little effect on the classification result in our study. However image resolution significantly altered the classification result. Classification correlated much more closely to a subjective classification for the low resolution image. Feature vectors also fell into much more clearly defined clusters at the lower resolution. Although more research is required across different photo-scales and sets of images, we conclude that texture features generated from compressed JPEG images have potential for content-based image retrieval based on texture.
18 F-FDG PET-CT during chemo-radiotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: the early metabolic response correlates with the delivered radiation dose (2012)

In patients with locally advanced NSCLC, ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT performed during and after treatment allows early metabolic modifications to be detected, and for this SUVmax is the more sensitive parameter. Further studies are needed to investigate the correlation between the metabolic modifications during therapy and the clinical outcome in order to optimize the therapeutic strategy. Since the metabolic activity during chemo-radiotherapy correlates with the cumulative dose of fractionated radiotherapy delivered at the moment of the scan, special attention should be paid to methodological aspects, such as the radiation dose reached at the time of PET.
Down‐regulation of riα subunit of camp‐dependent protein kinase induces growth inhibition of human mammary epithelial cells transformed by c‐ha‐<i>ras</i> and c‐<i>erb</i>b‐2 proto‐oncogenes (1993)

MCF-10A is a spontaneously immortalized, non-transformed human mammary epithelial cell line. We have recently obtained MCF-10A clones (MCF-10A HE cells) that are transformed following over-expression of both a human point-mutated c-Ha-ras and the c-erbB-2 proto-oncogenes. Two isoforms of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAK) have been described in mammalian cells. Enhanced levels of type-I cAK (cAKI) are generally found in tumor cells. To determine whether inhibition of cAKI expression may interfere with ras and erbB-2 oncogene-induced transformation of human mammary epithelial cells, we have tested the effects of 2 agents that specifically down-regulate cAKI, such as 8-chloro-cAMP and an anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the RI alpha regulatory subunit of cAKI on MCF-10A HE cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with 8-chloro-cAMP induces a dose-dependent growth inhibition under both monolayer and soft-agar growth conditions, that is correlated with an accumulation of MCF-10A HE cells in G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle and a reduction of the number of cells in S phase. In contrast, 8-chloro-cAMP has no effect on MCF-10A cell growth. Furthermore, 8-chloro-cAMP treatment of MCF-10A HE cells induces a 4- to 6-fold reduction in p185erbB-2 expression and brings p21ras expression to levels comparable to those found in MCF-10A cells. Treatment of MCF-10A HE cells with an RI alpha anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotide determines a comparable inhibition of both anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth. Our results suggest that cAKI may act as a mediator of ras and erbB-2 oncogene action in human breast cells and that interference with cAKI action provides a potential tool for inhibiting the growth-promoting effects of these oncogenes.
Simultaneous determination of refractive index and size of spherical dielectric particles from light scattering data (1983)

The diameter and refractive index of micrometer sized spherical dielectric particles are simultaneously deduced using the wavelength dependence of backscattering data from optically levitated particles. The accuracy of the results is set by experimental errors in the determination of the wavelength of backscatter resonance peaks and the ratio of slopes of specified peaks. At present the refractive index and diameter can be deduced with relative errors of 5 x 10(-5). This represents the most accurate determination of absolute size and refractive index yet made by light scattering. A reduction of these errors by an order of magnitude is possible. We assume a priori knowledge of diameter and refractive index with accuracy of 10(-1) and 5 x 10(-3), respectively.
The Effect of Acceptor Oligoribonucleotide Sequence on the T<sub>4</sub> RNA Ligase Reaction (1982)

In order to make efficient use of T4 RNA ligase in a program involving chemical-enzymatic oligoribonucleotide synthesis, the sequence effects of the acceptor oligomer have been refined. The reaction of the donor molecules pCp and pUpUpUpCp with a series of trinucleoside diphosphates ApApN, CpNpA and NpCpA (where N = U, C, A or G) was examined. High-performance liquid chromatography was used for simultaneous analysis of all substrates, intermediates and products. For all trinucleoside bisphosphates tested a substantial amount of the intermediate A(5')pp(5')Cp or A(5')pp(5')UpUpUpCp was observed. This indicated that the extent of ligation was dependent upon sequence of the acceptor molecule and not upon adenylation of the donor. Conversely, examination of the four nucleoside 3',5'-bisphosphate donors pUp, pCp, pAp and pGp with a common acceptor ApApU indicated that in the case of poor ligation little of the intermediate adenylated donor was formed.
Function tables in digital control computers (1958)

Function tables of limited size in connection with appropriate interpolation techniques offer considerable advantages in digital computers used in the control loop of servo systems. Several pertinent applications are treated in detail.
The Catalytic Mn<sup>2+</sup> Sites in the Enolase−Inhibitor Complex:  Crystallography, Single-Crystal EPR, and DFT Calculations (2007)

Crystals of Zn2+/Mn2+ yeast enolase with the inhibitor PhAH (phosphonoacetohydroxamate) were grown under conditions with a slight preference for binding of Zn2+ at the higher affinity site, site I. The structure of the Zn2+/Mn2+-PhAH complex was solved at a resolution of 1.54 A, and the two catalytic metal binding sites, I and II, show only subtle displacement compared to that of the corresponding complex with the native Mg2+ ions. Low-temperature echo-detected high-field (W-band, 95 GHz) EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) and 1H ENDOR (electron-nuclear double resonance) were carried out on a single crystal, and rotation patterns were acquired in two perpendicular planes. Analysis of the rotation patterns resolved a total of six Mn2+ sites, four symmetry-related sites of one type and two out of the four of the other type. The observation of two chemically inequivalent Mn2+ sites shows that Mn2+ ions populate both sites I and II and the zero-field splitting (ZFS) tensors of the Mn2+ in the two sites were determined. The Mn2+ site with the larger D value was assigned to site I based on the 1H ENDOR spectra, which identified the relevant water ligands. This assignment is consistent with the seemingly larger deviation of site I from octahedral symmetry, compared to that of site II. The ENDOR results gave the coordinates of the protons of two water ligands, and adding them to the crystal structure revealed their involvement in a network of H bonds stabilizing the binding of the metal ions and PhAH. Although specific hyperfine interactions with the inhibitor were not determined, the spectroscopic properties of the Mn2+ in the two sites were consistent with the crystal structure. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations carried out on a cluster representing the catalytic site, with Mn2+ in site I and Zn2+ in site II, and vice versa, gave overestimated D values on the order of the experimental ones, although the larger D value was found for Mn2+ in site II rather than in site I. This discrepancy was attributed to the high sensitivity of the ZFS parameters to the Mn-O bond lengths and orientations, such that small, but significant, differences between the optimized and crystal structures alter the ZFS considerably, well above the difference between the two sites.
Optimal color spaces for image demosaicing (2009)

Most demosaicing algorithms today are based on first reconstructing the green (G) color component followed by the reconstruction of the red (R) and the blue (B) components using the green. This approach and associated methods of using the differences R-G and B-G are arbitrary and in most cases not optimal. Instead, we propose optimal color spaces for demosaicing. Our optimization is based on energy compactness and smoothness of the color components. We compare the performance of the proposed algorithms to presently available demosaicing methods and show that the new approaches are superior both visually and quantitatively. Our conclusion is that the new color spaces improve the performance of demosaicing algorithms.
A new adaptive autoreclosure scheme to distinguish transient faults from permanent faults (2003)

This paper brings forward a whole new scheme of distinguishing transient faults from permanent faults based on the carrier channel of carrier protections of EHV transmission lines. By using the method of mode components, the propagation characteristic of carrier current has been examined in detail. Theoretical analysis and EMTP simulation tests show that the proposed scheme is correct and valid when applied in three-phase reclosure. It is of great significance that the new scheme solves the problem of reclosing on permanent faults when a three-phase recloser is used.
Measurement of contact angle in systems involving liquid metals (1996)

A technique has been developed for measurement of the contact angle of liquid metals with solid materials. The liquid metal, when contained in a small cup (inner diameter <4 mm) forms a concave or convex mirror surface. For the present technique, an optical method was devised to measure the radius of curvature of this mirror surface, from which the contact angle can be determined. The surface of the liquid metal approaches sphericity as the diameter of its container is decreased. The optical system formed in this method is non-paraxial. An analytical formula, valid for a spherical non-paraxial mirror, for calculation of image size was deduced. The technique has been demonstrated using the mercury - graphite (15.9% total porosity) system at room temperature and the contact angle was determined to be .