gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
HIGH DEFINITION ELECTRICAL CAPACITANCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR PIPELINE INSPECTION (2013)

Pipelines made of dielectric materials such as Polyethylene (PE) are becoming increasingly popular. With no suitable inspection technique for dielectric pipes, there is an urgent need to develop new technology for their inspection. This paper presents a novel pipe inspection technique using Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) imaging. Traditionally ECT is used for industrial process tomography as a low resolution but fast tomographic imaging technique. Typically commercial ECT can provide a resolution of approximately 10 percent of the imaging region. In this paper a limited region tomography technique is developed take into account prior knowledge about the geometry of the pipe. This has signiflcantly enhanced the imaging resolution of the ECT system, making it a viable pipe inspection solution. The experimental results in this study demonstrate an interior wall loss area as small as 0.195 percent of the ECT cross sectional imaging region is repeatable and can be reliably detected. A narrowband pass fllter method (NPFM) is used as a means to limit the region for the ECT algorithm. This results in an unprecedented resolution, making ECT a viable non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique for plastic pipes. The NDE application of the ECT for PE pipes is demonstrated in this paper with several experimental results. A wall loss of depth of 1.5mm could be detected for an ECT sensor array of 150mm in diameter, showing a high resolution and high deflnition ECT (HD-ECT) imaging that has not been reported before.
Statistical Fusion Approach on Keystroke Dynamics (2007)

Keystroke dynamics refers to a user’s habitual typing characteristics. These typing characteristics are believed to be unique among large populations. In this paper, we present a novel keystroke dynamic recognition system by using a fusion method. Firstly,we record the dwell time and the flight time as the feature data. We then calculate their mean and standard deviation values and stored. The test feature data will be transformed into the scores via Gaussian probability density function. On the other hand, we also propose a new technique, known as Direction Similarity Measure (DSM) to measure the differential of sign among each coupled characters in a phrase. Lastly, a weighted sum rule is applied byfusing the Gaussian scores and the DSM to enhance the final result. The best result of equal error rate 6.36% is obtained by using our home-made dataset.
NMR Structure of Transcription Factor Sp1 DNA Binding Domain<sup>,</sup> (2004)

To understand the DNA recognition mechanism of zinc finger motifs of transcription factor Sp1, we have determined the solution structure of DNA-binding domain of the Sp1 by solution NMR techniques. The DNA-binding domain of Sp1 consists of three Cys(2)His(2)-type zinc finger motifs. They have typical betabetaalpha zinc finger folds and relatively random orientations. From DNA-binding analysis performed by NMR and comparison between structures determined here and previously reported structures of other zinc fingers, it was assumed that DNA recognition modes of fingers 2 and 3 would be similar to those of fingers of Zif268, in which each finger recognizes four base pairs strictly by using residues at positions -1, 2, 3, and 6 of the recognition helix. On the contrary, finger 1 can use only two residues for DNA recognition, Lys550 and His553 at positions -1 and 3 of the helix, and has more relaxed sequence and site specificity than other Cys(2)His(2) zinc fingers. It is proposed that this relaxed property of finger 1 allows transcription factor Sp1 to bind various DNA sequences with high affinity.
The Integrative Transformation of<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>Using Bialaphos Resistance as a Dominant Selectable Marker (1996)

A plasmid pLC-bar containing the bialaphos resistance gene derived from Streptomyces hygroscopicus between the Lentinus edodes ras gene promoter and priA gene terminator was constructed. When protoplasts of Pleurotus ostreatus were mixed with the plasmid DNA in the presence of polyethylene glycol and CaCl2, bialaphos-resistant colonies were obtained. This indicated that transformation was successful. Southern blot analysis of total DNAs from transformants showed that the introduced plasmid DNA was integrated into the host chromosome and partly rearranged. A plasmid, pLC-GUS, containing the Escherichia coli beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene under the control of the L. edodes ras gene promoter and priA gene terminator was constructed and introduced into protoplasts of P. ostreatus with pLC-bar by co-transformation. Two of 5 transformants obtained as bialaphos-resistant colonies showed two to twenty times higher specific activity of GUS than the recipient. Southern blot analysis of total DNAs from transformants indicated the presence of the GUS gene only in the two transformants. These results indicated that co-transformation of P. ostreatus was successful, and that the GUS gene was expressed in P. ostreatus. This transformation system will enable us to breed commercial strains of P. ostreatus at the molecular level.
Magnetic Resonance Image Guided Biopsy in Prostate (2000)

Purvose The purpose of this study was to develop an MR Image Guided Biopsy device using MR Tracking (1)for real time control of image scari plane. under g&ded scan control a Biopsy needle can be guided to a local target. Introduction MR Imaging with an endo rectal coil provides high sensitivity, high resolution images of the prostate (2,3) The current standard for a biopsy of the prostate is TRUS. (Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Biopsy). TRUS often cannot reliably differentiate normal tissue from BPH and prostatic cancer. We propose the use of MRI as a means to localize suspected lesions and guide a biopsy needle for improved accuracy. Methods A probe shell was designed by 3-D solid model. This model was used to produce a prototype part using a stereo lithography. Inside the,probe shell is a 2Qmm by 70mm surface coil. Also in the probe, is 3 tracking coils 2mm dia. 4mm length co-planer with the sagita! plane of the imaging coil and the biopsy needle guide. The 3 tracking coils contain small samples of CuSo4 in water. These 3 samples are used with a tracking sequence to prescribe an imaging plane in which the biopsy needle guide is contained. A pulse sequence locates coordinates of each tracking coil and then prescribes a scan plan containing these coordinates. This allows one to manipulate the handheld probe and have the scan plane follow the FOV of the imaging coil. The probe was connected to a commercial MRI scanner, (GE Signa lST), with custom hardware and software added to support the device tracking. The Probe
Inter-regional Contribution of Enhanced Activity of the Primary Somatosensory Cortex to the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Accelerates Chronic Pain Behavior (2011)

Multiple cortical areas are involved in pain processing, including the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although accumulations of evidence suggest that the S1 activity increases under chronic pain conditions, whether plastic change occurs or not within the S1, and whether and how the plastic change contributes to chronic pain behavior, is unknown. Here, we provide the first evidence that intra-regional remodeling within the mouse S1 accelerates chronic pain behavior by modulating neuronal activity in the ACC, one of the important cortical areas for chronic pain. Using two-photon Ca 2+ imaging, we found that the spontaneous activity of layer 2/3 neurons in the S1 and then response to sensory and layer 4 stimulations increased under chronic pain conditions. In addition, pharmacological attenuation and facilitation of S1 activity attenuated and facilitated the chronic pain behavior, respectively. Furthermore, electrical response of the ACC to peripheral stimulation successfully correlated with S1 neuronal activity, and inhibition of ACC activity alleviated the mechanical allodynia. The present results will provide development of efficient therapeutic strategies against chronic pain by focusing on the S1 and ACC.
Turbulence and skin friction modification in channel flow with streamwise-aligned superhydrophobic surface texture (2014)

Direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow in a channel with superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) were performed, and the effects of the surface texture on the turbulence and skin-friction coefficient were examined. The SHS is modeled as a planar boundary comprised of spanwise-alternating regions of no-slip and free-slip boundary conditions. Relative to the reference no-slip channel flow at the same bulk Reynolds number, the overall mean skin-friction coefficient is reduced by 21.6%. A detailed analysis of the turbulence kinetic energy budget demonstrates a reduction in production over the no-slip phases, which is explained by aid of quadrant analysis of the Reynolds shear stresses and statistical analysis of the turbulence structures. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in the strength of streamwise vortical structures in the presence of the SHS texture and a decrease in the Reynolds shear-stress component ⟨R12⟩ which has a favorable influence on drag over the no-slip phases. A secondary flow which is set up at the edges of the texture also effects a beneficial change in drag. Nonetheless, the skin-friction coefficient on the no-slip features is higher than the reference levels in a simple no-slip channel flow. The increase in the skin-friction coefficient is attributed to two factors. First, spanwise diffusion of the mean momentum from free-slip to no-slip regions increases the local skin-friction coefficient on the edges of the no-slip features. Second, the drag-reducing capacity of the SHS is further reduced due to additional Reynolds stresses, ⟨R13⟩.
Caveolin-1 expression in clinically confined human prostate cancer: a novel prognostic marker. (1999)

We demonstrated previously elevated caveolin-1 expression in metastatic mouse and human prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we analyzed its prognostic value for progression of clinically confined human prostate cancer. Immunohistochemical staining with a caveolin-1-specific antibody was performed on routinely processed paraffin sections from 189 radical prostatectomy specimens. Caveolin-1 immunoreactivity was evaluated in association with patients' age, race, preoperative prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and pathological features including Gleason score, extraprostatic extension, status of surgical margins, and time to disease progression after surgery. Positive caveolin-1 immunostaining was detected in 47 of the 189 cancers (25%) and correlated positively with Gleason score, positive surgical margin, as well as lymph node involvement (P = 0.0071, 0.0267, and 0.0399, respectively). In lymph node-negative cancers (n = 162), caveolin-1 immunoreactivity predicts a shorter time to disease progression after surgery (P = 0.0033, univariate analysis). Multivariate analyses that included caveolin-1 and other prognostic pathological markers identified positive caveolin-1 immunostaining as an independent predictor for time to disease progression (P = 0.0186). Thus, our study establishes caveolin-1 as a novel prognostic marker for clinically confined human prostate cancer.
Rheological Behavior of Composites Based on Carbon Fibers Recycled from Aircraft Waste (2009)

Rheological investigation of composite materials prepared from the recycled aircraft waste materials based on thermoset (epoxy/resin) matrix and long carbon fibers (CF) is presented with the aim of their utilization in consumer industry applications. The carbon fibers recovered via thermal process of pyrolysis were cut into about 150 μm length and melt mixed with thermoplastic matrices based on polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA) and various modifiers—ethylene‐ethyl acrylate‐maleic anhydride (E‐EA‐MAH), polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) and poly(styrene)‐block‐poly(ethylene‐co‐but‐1‐ene)‐block‐poly(styrene) (SEBS). Rheological, electrical, mechanical, thermal and morphological results revealed the composites of recycled CF and PP/PP‐g‐MA as well as PA/E‐EA‐MAH to be the most promising candidates for new applications.
Nucleation in binary polymer blends: A self-consistent field study (2002)

We study the structure and thermodynamics of the critical nuclei in metastable binary polymer blends using the self-consistent field method. At the mean-field level, our results are valid throughout the entire metastable region and provide a smooth crossover from the classical capillary-theory predictions near the coexistence curve to the density functional predictions of Cahn and Hilliard (properly transcribed into expressions involving the parameters of the binary polymer blends) near the spinodal. An estimate of the free energy barrier provides a quantitative criterion (the Ginzburg criterion) for the validity of the (mean-field) self-consistent approach. The region where mean-field theory is valid and where there can be a measurable nucleation rate is shown to be poorly described by the existing limiting theories; our predictions are therefore most relevant in this region. We discuss our results in connection with recent experimental observations by Balsara and co-workers.
Genomic Characterization of the Filamentous Integrative Bacteriophages φRSS1 and φRSM1, Which Infect <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> (2007)

The genomic DNA sequences were determined for two filamentous integrative bacteriophages, phiRSS1 and phiRSM1, of the phytopathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. The 6,662-base sequence of phiRSS1 contained 11 open reading frames (ORFs). In the databases, this sequence showed high homology (95% identity) to the circular double-stranded DNA plasmid pJTPS1 (6,633 bp) isolated from a spontaneously occurring avirulent mutant of R. solanacearum. Two major differences between the two sequences were observed within phiRSS1 ORF7, corresponding to pIII, a minor coat protein required for host adsorption, and at the phiRSS1 intergenic (IG) region. The 9,004-base sequence of phiRSM1 showed 12 ORFs located on the same strand (plus strand) and 2 ORFs on the opposite strand. Compared with Ff-type phages, two insertions are obvious in the phiRSM1 replication module. Genomic DNA fragments containing the phiRSM integration junctions were cloned and sequenced from phiRSM lysogenic strain R. solanacearum MAFF211270. The att core sequence was identified as 5'-TGGCGGAGAGGGT-3', corresponding to the 3' end of the serine tRNA (UCG) gene. Interestingly, ORF14, located next to the attP site on the phiRSM1 genome, showed high amino acid sequence homology with bacterial DNA recombinases and resolvases, different from XerCD recombinases. attP of phiRSS1 is within a sequence element of the IG region.
Hyperglycemie and Microvascular and Macrovascular Disease in Diabetes (1995)

In summary, over the past 16 years, since the publication of Kelly West's book, epidemiological study has provided better insight into the relation of hyperglycemia and diabetic complications. Data from the WESDR demonstrate a strong consistent relationship between hyperglycemia and the incidence and progression of microvascular (diabetic retinopathy, loss of vision, and nephropathy) and macrovascular (amputation and cardiovascular disease mortality) complications in people with IDDM and NIDDM (Figs. 19 and 20). The DCCT has demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy will reduce the incidence and progression of microvascular complications in people with IDDM (22). A number of further challenges await laboratory scientists and epidemiologists regarding hyperglycemia in people with diabetes. There is a need to understand the relation of hyperglycemia to pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to the development of specific complications, to develop new methods to detect and physiologically treat hyperglycemia, and to develop better methods of primary and secondary prevention of diabetic complications in people with IDDM and NIDDM.
Insect Distribution in Bulk-stored Wheat in Relation to Detection or Estimation of Abundance (1985)

Journal Article Insect Distribution in Bulk-stored Wheat in Relation to Detection or Estimation of Abundance Get access David W. Hagstrum, David W. Hagstrum Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George A. Milliken, George A. Milliken Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Merrilee S. Waddell Merrilee S. Waddell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Environmental Entomology, Volume 14, Issue 6, 1 December 1985, Pages 655–661, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/14.6.655 Published: 01 December 1985
GBshape: a genome browser database for DNA shape annotations (2014)

Many regulatory mechanisms require a high degree of specificity in protein-DNA binding. Nucleotide sequence does not provide an answer to the question of why a protein binds only to a small subset of the many putative binding sites in the genome that share the same core motif. Whereas higher-order effects, such as chromatin accessibility, cooperativity and cofactors, have been described, DNA shape recently gained attention as another feature that fine-tunes the DNA binding specificities of some transcription factor families. Our Genome Browser for DNA shape annotations (GBshape; freely available at http://rohslab.cmb.usc.edu/GBshape/) provides minor groove width, propeller twist, roll, helix twist and hydroxyl radical cleavage predictions for the entire genomes of 94 organisms. Additional genomes can easily be added using the GBshape framework. GBshape can be used to visualize DNA shape annotations qualitatively in a genome browser track format, and to download quantitative values of DNA shape features as a function of genomic position at nucleotide resolution. As biological applications, we illustrate the periodicity of DNA shape features that are present in nucleosome-occupied sequences from human, fly and worm, and we demonstrate structural similarities between transcription start sites in the genomes of four Drosophila species.
The Perception of Jiu Valley Population Regarding the Socio-Economic Rebound of the Area (2009)

The article is the result of the effort of ordering the empirical researches which I have made in the past few years in Jiu Valley. Here are presented some of the resident’s opinions regarding the economic evolution of the area and the chances of socio-economic rebound of it.
Design of chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis: From C <sub>2</sub> -symmetric P,P- and N,N-ligands to sterically and electronically nonsymmetrical P,N-ligands (2004)

For a long time, C(2)-symmetric ligands have dominated in asymmetric catalysis. More recently, nonsymmetrical modular P,N-ligands have been introduced. These ligands have been applied successfully in various metal-catalyzed reactions and, in many cases, have outperformed P,P- or N,N-ligands.
Confidence Limits for Measuring the Precision of Bioassays (1956)

An experiment for determining how much of one preparation, the Unknown, is needed to produce the same reaction in living material as a stated amount of a second preparation, the Standard, is known as a bioassay. Bioassays may be divided experimentally into two types, (1) those where the dependent variable is a threshold dose measured directly in each test animal, and (2) those where the dependent variable is the size of the reaction to dosages fixed by the experimenter. In the few assays of the first type, each threshold dose can be transformed to its logarithm and the log-relative potency (M') computed either as the difference between two mean log-doses, or as a mean difference. Both have confidence intervals that are well-known and simple. In the many assays of the second type, the difference in the response to the two preparations must be converted to units of dose. If the response plots linearly against the log-dose, the difference between the two mean responses is divided by the common slope of the log-dose response curves for the Standard and for the Unknown to obtain M'. If the response gives a straight line with arithmetic dosage units, potency is computed instead from the ratio of the slope for the Standard and that for the Unknown. In either case, the log-potency or potency depends upon the ratio of two statistics. The confidence limits for a ratio are more complex than those for a difference. In the form proposed by Marks (Fieller [1944]) for balanced crossover assays, and applied later by Gridgeman [1951] to other factorial assays, the confidence or fiducial limits of a ratio are not difficult to compute. With little loss in simplicity, Marks' equation can be extended to all assays based upon the ratio of two statistics, and accordingly it has been adopted in U.S.P. XV [1955]. The purpose of this paper is to review the general equation and consider some of its extensions in sufficient detail to facilitate their understanding and use by the practising bioassayer who is not a professional statistician or biometrician. Since the calculation of each U.S.P. assay, including its confidence interval has been illustrated elsewhere (Bliss [1956a]), the numerical examples are restricted here primarily to non-official assays.
New pepper varieties (1967)

The tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has long been a serious problem to growers of fresh market peppers. In order to reduce these losses, a new TMV-resistant wax (yellow) variety named Caloro and two TMV-resistant strains of California (Anaheim) Chili, 57M30 and 57M75, for green chili use have been released.
Convection-enhanced delivery of polyethylene glycol–coated liposomal doxorubicin: characterization and efficacy in rat intracranial glioma models (2008)

Convection-enhanced delivery of PLD achieved extensive tissue distribution and sustained drug release. Convection-enhanced delivery of PLD is a promising chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant gliomas.
Investigation on the interaction of antibacterial drug moxifloxacin hydrochloride with human serum albumin using multi-spectroscopic approaches, molecular docking and dynamical simulation (2017)

Investigating the interactions of moxifloxacin hydrochloride with human serum albumin<italic>via</italic>multi-spectroscopic approaches, molecular docking and dynamical simulation.
Rapid Computation of the Discrete Fourier Transform (1996)

Algorithms for the rapid computation of the forward and inverse discrete Fourier transform for points which are nonequispaced or whose number is unrestricted are presented. The computational procedure is based on approximation using a local Taylor series expansion and the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The forward transform for nonequispaced points is computed as the solution of a linear system involving the inverse Fourier transform. This latter system is solved using the iterative method GMRES with preconditioning. Numerical results are given to confirm the efficiency of the algorithms.
Designing ultra-low voltage PLL Using a bulk-driven technique (2009)

This paper describes an ultra-low voltage phase-locked loop (PLL) using a bulk-driven technique. The architecture of the proposed PLL employs the bulk-input technique to produce a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and the forward-body-bias scheme to produce a divider. This approach effectively reduces the threshold voltage of the MOSFETs, enabling the PLL to be operated at an ultra-low voltage. The chip is fabricated in a 0.13-mum standard CMOS process with a 0.5 V power supply voltage. The measurement results demonstrate that this PLL can operate from 360 to 610 MHz with a 0.5 V power supply voltage. At 550 MHz, the measured rms jitter and peak-to-peak jitter are 8.01 ps and 56.36ps, respectively. The total power consumption of the PLL is 1.25 mW and the active die area of PLL is 0.04 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .