gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Virus‐neutralizing antibodies to hepatitis <scp>C</scp> virus (2013)

For a long time, the lack of an appropriate cell culture system has hampered the study of neutralizing antibody responses against hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, the last decade has seen the development of several model systems that have significantly advanced our understanding of viral entry and antibody neutralization. Studies of acutely infected patients suggest that a strong and early production of neutralizing antibodies may contribute to control the virus during the acute phase of HCV infection and facilitate viral elimination by cellular immune responses. It also emerges that the early antibody response mainly targets hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of the envelope glycoprotein E2. This host response can lead to viral escape from neutralization by rapid amino acid changes in this hypervariable region. In contrast, cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies seem to appear later during HCV infection, and several mechanisms contribute to reduce their accessibility to their cognate epitopes. These include the masking of major conserved neutralizing epitopes by HVR1, specific N-linked glycans and the lipid moiety of the viral particle. Other potential mechanisms of evasion from the neutralizing antibody response include a modulation by high-density lipoproteins and interfering antibodies as well as the capacity of the virus to be transferred by cell-to-cell contacts. Finally, the recent identification of several highly conserved neutralizing epitopes provides some opportunities for the design and development of vaccine candidates that elicit a protective humoral immune response.
Inhibition of Murine AIDS by Reduced Glutathione (1996)

The imbalance of the redox state in cells and body fluids in HIV-1-infected patients may result in progression of the disease as well as in immunologic disfunctions. In this report, we have evaluated whether the direct administration of high doses of reduced glutathione (GSH) exerts any antiviral activity and/or improves immune functions in a murine immunodeficiency animal model. Intramuscular administration of 50 or 100 mg GSH/mouse for five consecutive days weekly to LP-BM5-infected mice did not show local or systemic signs of acute toxicity. During the first 3 weeks from infection, a period in which clinical signs of disease were not yet detectable, GSH significantly reduced the viral load in lymph nodes and spleen as evaluated by a PCR semiquantitative assay of the proviral DNA content. At 10 weeks a GSH concentration-dependent reduction of splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and hypergammaglobulinemia was evident in all treated mice. Evaluation of proviral DNA content showed that GSH was effective in inhibiting LP-BM5 infectivity in lymph nodes, spleen, and bone marrow at 100 mg/day, while it was less effective when administered at 50 mg/day. At 10 weeks some animals receiving the highest GSH dose died, thus only the mice receiving 50 mg GSH were followed up to 15 weeks without signs of toxicity. In this case, almost not significant differences among infected untreated or treated animals were observed. Thus, GSH is effective in reducing the proviral DNA load in the first period of infection. These data and the failure of sulfhydril supplementation to further counteract the progression of disease after 10 weeks of infection suggest that combinations of GSH and other antiviral agents may be useful for improving current antiviral therapies.
Calendar queues: a fast 0(1) priority queue implementation for the simulation event set problem (1988)

A new priority queue implementation for the future event set problem is described in this article. The new implementation is shown experimentally to be O(1) in queue size for the priority increment distributions recently considered by Jones in his review article. It displays hold times three times shorter than splay trees for a queue size of 10,000 events. The new implementation, called a calendar queue, is a very simple structure of the multiple list variety using a novel solution to the overflow problem.
Mo Yan : se moquer sans faire de vagues (2013)

L’attribution du prix Nobel de littérature à Mo Yan en 2012 a suscité de nombreuses controverses, souvent plus politiques que littéraires, sur le danger d’accorder un prix si prestigieux à un écrivain reconnu par les autorités chinoises. Car si Mo Yan, dans ses œuvres, manie le grotesque, le sarcasme et l’ironie, le résultat n’est pas une critique en profondeur mais un éclat de rire généralisé qui met sur le même plan victimes et bourreaux. Sans faire trop de vagues.
Identification of Lignans as Major Components in the Phenolic Fraction of Olive Oil (2000)

Lignans, as natural components of the diet, may be important modulators of cancer chemopreventive activity.
The Importance of Structure Coefficients in Structural Equation Modeling Confirmatory Factor Analysis (1997)

A general linear model (GLM) framework is employed to suggest that structure coefficients ought to be interpreted in structural equation modeling confinmatory factor analysis (CFA) studies in which factors are correlated. The computation of structure coefficients is explained. Two heuristic data sets are used to make the discussion concrete. The benefits from using CFA structure coefficients are illustrated using two additional studies.
Nonlinear Vibration Analysis of Car Suspension with Novel Magnetorheological Damper (2010)

According to the numerical analysis with sigmoid model of the magnetic damper,the parameters' effect was revealed on the damping force and proves that the magnetic damper which accord with practical application can be designed by reasonable selection of parameters.Through the theoretical analysis of Sigmoid model of magnetic damper under deterministic excitation,the nonlinear model of the damper suspension can give a more accurate description on the vehicle vibration characteristics.The magnetic damper has good value in use and Sigmoid model of magnetic damper has feasibility of application in vehicle control engineering.
Biosynthesis of macbecin. (1982)

The biosynthesis of macbecin,1 ^a new antibiotic of the benzenoid ansamycin group produced by Nocardia sp. No. C-14919, was investigated by incorporation of 14Cand 13C-labeled compoundsinto the antibiotic molecule and analysis of 13C-NMRspectra.
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors associated with interstitial lung disease in cancer patients (2017)

Immunotherapy is becoming a standard of care for many cancers. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can generate immune-related adverse events. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been identified as a rare but potentially severe event.Between December 2015 and April 2016, we conducted a retrospective study in centres experienced in ICI use. We report the main features of ICI-ILD with a focus on clinical presentation, radiological patterns and therapeutic strategies.We identified 64 (3.5%) out of 1826 cancer patients with ICI-ILD. Patients mainly received programmed cell death-1 inhibitors. ILD usually occurred in males, and former or current smokers, with a median age of 59 years. We observed 65.6% grade 2/3 severity, 9.4% grade 4 severity and 9.4% fatal ILD. The median (range) time from initiation of immunotherapy to ILD was 2.3 (0.2-27.4) months. Onset tended to occur earlier in lung cancer <i>versus</i> melanoma: median 2.1 and 5.2 months, respectively (p=0.02). Ground-glass opacities (81.3%) were the predominant lesions, followed by consolidations (53.1%). Organising pneumonia (23.4%) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (15.6%) were the most common patterns. Overall survival at 6 months was 58.1% (95% CI 37.7-73.8%).ICI-ILD often occurs early and displays suggestive radiological features. As there is no clearly identified risk factor, oncologists need to diagnose and adequately treat this adverse event.
Inhibitors of histone deacetylase 1 reverse the immune evasion phenotype to enhance T-cell mediated lysis of prostate and breast carcinoma cells (2016)

The clinical promise of cancer immunotherapy relies on the premise that the immune system can recognize and eliminate tumor cells identified as non-self. However, tumors can evade host immune surveillance through multiple mechanisms, including epigenetic silencing of genes involved in antigen processing and immune recognition. Hence, there is an unmet clinical need to develop effective therapeutic strategies that can restore tumor immune recognition when combined with immunotherapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade and therapeutic cancer vaccines. We sought to examine the potential of clinically relevant exposure of prostate and breast human carcinoma cells to histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to reverse tumor immune escape to T-cell mediated lysis. Here we demonstrate that prostate (LNCAP) and breast (MDA-MB-231) carcinoma cells are more sensitive to T-cell mediated lysis in vitro after clinically relevant exposure to epigenetic therapy with either the pan-HDAC inhibitor vorinostat or the class I HDAC inhibitor entinostat. This pattern of immunogenic modulation was observed against a broad range of tumor-associated antigens, such as CEA, MUC1, PSA, and brachyury, and associated with augmented expression of multiple proteins involved in antigen processing and tumor immune recognition. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition studies identified HDAC1 as a key determinant in the reversal of carcinoma immune escape. Further, our findings suggest that the observed reversal of tumor immune evasion is driven by a response to cellular stress through activation of the unfolded protein response. This offers the rationale for combining HDAC inhibitors with immunotherapy, including therapeutic cancer vaccines.
Study of Ag and Cu/MgB2 powder-in-tube composite wires fabricated by in situ reaction at low temperatures (2002)

Superconducting Ag or Cu sheathed MgB2 wires have been fabricated by conventional powder-in-tube techniques. The in-situ reaction of Mg and B powders with atomic proportions of 1:2 and 1.33:2 inside Ag or Cu tubes at low temperatures have been searched. An active alloying of Mg with Ag or Cu sheaths at temperatures below 660 C has been observed. For Ag sheaths, there is a strong diffusion of Mg, which does not allow the formation of large amounts of MgB2 at the core. For Cu sheaths, the diffusion of Mg is stopped by the formation of a MgCu2 layer around the superconducting core and an appropriated excess of Mg leads to superconducting cores with Tc=39 K and good Jc values, thus being possible the development of Cu/MgB2 composite wires.
Overcoming the Challenges of Porting OpenCV to TI's Embedded ARM + DSP Platforms (2012)

The growing performance and decreasing price of embedded processors are opening many doors, for both developers in the industry and in academia. However, the complexities of these systems can create serious developmental bottlenecks. Sophisticated software packages such as OpenCV can assist in both the functional development and educational aspects of these otherwise complex applications; such tools lend themselves very well to use by the academic community, in particular in providing examples of algorithm implementation. However the task of migrating this software to embedded platforms poses its own challenges. This paper will review how to mitigate some of these issues, including C++ implementation, memory constraints, floating-point support, and opportunities to maximise performance using vendor-optimised libraries and integrated accelerators or co-processors. Finally, we will introduce a new effort by Texas Instruments to optimise vision systems by running OpenCV on the C6000™ digital signal processor architecture. Benchmarks will show the advantage of using the DSP by comparing the performance of a DSP+ARM® system-on-chip (SoC) processor against an ARM-only device.
Short Rotation Crops in the United States (1998)

The report is based primarily on the results of survey questions sent to approximately 60 woody and 20 herbaceous crop researchers in the United States and on information from the U.S. Department of Energy�s Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program. Responses were received from 13 individuals involved in woody crops research or industrial commercialization (with 5 of the responses coming from industry). Responses were received from 11 individuals involved in herbaceous crop research. Opinions on market incentives, technical and non-technical barriers, and highest priority research and development areas are summarized in the text. Details on research activities of the survey responders are provided as appendices to the paper. Woody crops grown as single-stem systems (primarily Populus and Eucalyptus species) are perceived to have strong pulp fiber and oriented strand board markets, and the survey responders anticipated that energy will comprise 25% or less of the utilization of single-stem short-rotation woody crops between now and 2010. The only exception was a response from California where a substantial biomass energy market does currently exist. Willows (Salix species) are only being developed for energy and only in one part of the United States at present. Responses from herbaceous crop researchers suggested frustration that markets (including biomass energy markets) do not currently exist for the crop, and it was the perception of many that federal incentives will be needed to create such markets. In all crops, responses indicate that a wide variety of research and development activities are needed to enhance the yields and profitability of the crops. Ongoing research activities funded by the U.S. Department of Energy�s Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program are described in an appendix to the paper.
A fingerprint marker from early gestation associated with diabetes in middle age: The Dutch Hunger Winter Families Study (2008)

Diabetes diagnosed at age 50+ years was associated with a fingerprint marker established in early gestation, irrespective of birth weight. Fingerprints may provide a useful tool to investigate prenatal developmental plasticity.
Synthese und Eigenschaften von Kohlenhydrattensiden (1989)

Synthese d'O-alkyl glycosides a partir de mono ou polysaccharides et d'alcools gras. Etude de leur activite superficielle
Reducing Bias in Observational Studies Using Subclassification on the Propensity Score (1984)

Abstract The propensity score is the conditional probability of assignment to a particular treatment given a vector of observed covariates. Previous theoretical arguments have shown that subclassification on the propensity score will balance all observed covariates. Subclassification on an estimated propensity score is illustrated, using observational data on treatments for coronary artery disease. Five subclasses defined by the estimated propensity score are constructed that balance 74 covariates, and thereby provide estimates of treatment effects using direct adjustment. These subclasses are applied within sub-populations, and model-based adjustments are then used to provide estimates of treatment effects within these sub-populations. Two appendixes address theoretical issues related to the application: the effectiveness of subclassification on the propensity score in removing bias, and balancing properties of propensity scores with incomplete data.
Adaptive least-squares method applied to structure-activity correlation of hypotensive N-alkyl-N''-cyano-N'-pyridylguanidines (1980)

A method using an adaptive least-squares (ALS) technique has been developed for the discrimination of ordered categorical data. The method (ALS method) has the advantages of simultaneously considering any number of classes and of producing a single discriminant function which can place patterns in several classes. The ALS method was compared with linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in application to the problem of discriminating three-class hypotensive therapeutic indices of 76 N-alkyl-N''-cyano-N'-pyridylguanidines using nine descriptor variables. With the full data set and in the five leave-out runs, it was shown that the ALS method was superior and more stable in recognition and prediction. The structure--activity relationship is discussed on the basis of discriminant functions formulated.
A three DoFs wearable tactile display for exploration and manipulation of virtual objects (2012)

This paper describes a wearable haptic display with small dimensions and low weight, that allows to simulate on the fingertip a wide range of contact forces. The device consists of two platforms: a static one, fixed on the back side of the finger, which supports three actuators and the mechanical instrumented system, and a mobile one, which interacts directly with the fingertip. The platforms are connected by three cables whose lengths and strains are regulated by the motors. Three force sensors, placed on the mobile platform, measure the actual forces applied to the finger. This work summarizes the design of the proposed display and presents a numerical model analysing the relationship between the forces registered at the fingertip and the platform's orientation and displacement. In order to validate the device an experiment of curvature discrimination has been carried out.
Multi-channel MAC protocol for multi-hop wireless networks: Handling multi-channel hidden node problem using snooping (2008)

In multi-channel wireless network, several nodes can transmit data simultaneously in different channels. Thus the overall network performance can be improved significantly compared to single channel network. Various multi-channel MAC protocols have been proposed to coordinate the usage of multiple channels. However, multi-channel MAC protocols that use dynamic channel selection can cause multi-channel hidden node problem in multi-hop wireless network. This paper proposes a new approach of channel selection. Nodes snoop data channels during idle times and then select an idle data channel within the carrier sensing range using both the snooping results and the channel usage information. Our simulation results verify that the proposed channel selection approach can effectively avoid the multi-channel hidden node problem and improve the networkwide performance.
Development of neoglycoproteins conjugated with natural oligosaccharides through carboxyl residues of proteins and its application to recombinant human interleukin 1. (1993)

In order to develop glycosylated cytokines, neoglycoproteins were synthesized utilizing naturally occurring oligosaccharides. High mannose type oligosaccharide-asparagine (Asn)s, containing Man8GN2-Asn, Man7GN2-Asn and Man6GN2-Asn, were obtained from quail ovalbumin and were coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by carbodiimide-mediated coupling. Major reaction occurred between amino residues of oligosaccharide-Asns and carboxyl residues of BSA. Approximately one molecules of oligosaccharides-Asns were coupled to per molecule of BSA with 50% yield of glycosylation. Among the oligosaccharides, Man6GN2-Asn appeared to be conjugated predominantly. While this strategy was applied to recombinant human interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), three molecules of oligosaccharide-Asns were introduced into per molecule of IL-1 with 10% yield of glycosylation.
Selective Gas Adsorption in One-Dimensional, Flexible Cu<sup>II</sup> Coordination Polymers with Polar Units (2009)

Introducing polar Cu−PF6 parts into a coordination framework will open new routes in the fabrication of high-performance and/or novel functional porous materials. We have designed and synthesized the one-dimensional CuII coordination polymer [Cu(PF6)2(bpetha)2]n (1), with weak and flexible Cu−PF6 parts. 1 shows the property of highly selective adsorption for CO2 and C2H2 gases, which interact with the F atoms of the polar Cu−PF6 parts. Crystallographic characterization of [Cu(PF6)2(4-mepy)4] (2) with a basic [Cu(PF6)2(pyridine)4] structure indicates that 2 forms weak Cu−PF6 bonds at its axial sites and the polarity of the surface in 2 is higher than that in α-[Ni(NCS)2(4-mepy)4]. The axial ligand-exchanged frameworks, [Cu(PF6)1.4(BF4)0.6(bpetha)2]n (3) and {[Cu(bpetha)2(DMF)2]·2PF6}n (4), enable us to control the onset pressure and maximum adsorption amount for targeted CO2 gases, showing the first case of finely controlled adsorption properties using one-dimensional porous coordination polymers.
Practical automatic background substitution for live video (2017)

In this paper we present a novel automatic background substitution approach for live video. The objective of background substitution is to extract the foreground from the input video and then combine it with a new background. In this paper, we use a color line model to improve the Gaussian mixture model in the background cut method to obtain a binary foreground segmentation result that is less sensitive to brightness differences. Based on the high quality binary segmentation results, we can automatically create a reliable trimap for alpha matting to refine the segmentation boundary. To make the composition result more realistic, an automatic foreground color adjustment step is added to make the foreground look consistent with the new background. Compared to previous approaches, our method can produce higher quality binary segmentation results, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such an automatic and integrated background substitution system has been proposed which can run in real time, which makes it practical for everyday applications.
High dilution submerged arc welding of Cr–Ni–Mo austenitic stainless steel (2000)

Improvements in the submerged arc welding (SAW) of Cr–Ni–Mo austenitic stainless steel have been achieved from a combination of simplified edge preparation, intermediate heat input, and high dilution (75–80%). The cost benefit is 83% compared with the previously used practice. Mechanical properties of the weld metal in a square edge preparation showed a decrease in yield and tensile strengths, but a significant improvement in toughness compared with the Y preparation weld metal. Thin foil transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of χ phase in some areas of the Y preparation weld metal, and M23C6 in some areas of the square edge preparation. This has been related to the incidence of fewer reheated and cooled areas in the square edge preparation weld. The reduced precipitation has influenced the toughness characteristics of the square edge preparation weld metal.
Medication-Assisted Therapies — Tackling the Opioid-Overdose Epidemic (2014)

T he rate of death from over- doses of prescription opioids in the United States more than quadrupled between 1999 and 2010 (see graph), far exceeding the combined death toll from cocaine and heroin overdoses. 1 In 2010 alone, prescription opioids were involved in 16,651 overdose deaths, whereas heroin was implicated in 3036. Some 82% of the deaths due to prescription An audio interview with Dr.