gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compositional effects on the thermo-optic coefficients of potassium aluminophosphate glasses (2003)

The central wavelength of lightwave devices such as gratings is sensitive to temperature, due to the temperature dependence of the devices' optical path lengths. One way to solve this problem is to use an athermal device. Phosphate glasses are ideal hosts for such devices as they exhibit negative thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT), which counters the effect of expansion. For this study, fourteen different compositions of potassium aluminophosphate glasses, of the K<sub>2</sub>O-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> system, were prepared with O/P ranging from 2.8 to 3.1. Refractive indices, glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>), coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and thermo-optic coefficient (dn/dT) measured for the glasses are what is expected with the addition of aluminium : an increase in T<sub>g</sub> and a reduction in CTE. Tg changes in the range of 272°C to 621°C while CTE decreases from 21x10<sup>-6</sup>/°C to 7x10<sup>-6</sup>/°C as the aluminium content increases. We are able to achieve dn/dT value as negative as -16x10<sup>-6</sup>/°C. In addition, the glasses are thermally stable, judging by the large difference between T<sub>g</sub> and the temperature of onset of crystallisation. Athermal glasses have been achieved at low aluminium content with high CTE, which in turn leads to negative dn/dT. These results are consistent with the polarisability effect in the glasses as low aluminium content lowers polarisability, which gives rise to negative dn/dT. The CTE of glasses must be more than 10x10<sup>-6</sup>/°C to achieve negative dn/dT. Any deficit or excess P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> does not seem to affect the CTE and dn/dT.
Evaluation of Results of Surgical Decompression in Pott's Paraplegia patients by Anterior Transthoracic Transpleural approach (2013)

Background : Spinal tuberculosis is usually secondary to pulmonary or abdominal involvement and may also be the first manifestation of tuberculosis. Most of the patients with pott's spine or grade I and II pott's paraplegia responds well to chemotherapy alone but patients with grade III and IV paraplegia and those patients with grade I and II paraplegia, who do not responds to conservative treatment need urgent surgical decompression to avoid irreversible damage to spinal cord. Material and methods : This study is based on 12 patients with preoperative diagnosis of grade III and grade IV Pott’s paraplegia, who did  not respond to three to four weeks of conservative therapy or deteriorated neurologically during treatment and were treated by anterior Transthoracic Transpleural decompression and fusion, at department of orthopaedics, JN Medical College, AMU Aligarh. Results : Out of 12 patients 9 patients recovered & among these complete recovery was seen in 7 patients while 2 patients had partial recovery. Two patients didn’t show neural recovery until last  follow up & one patient deteriorated after anterior decompression. Conclusion : Early decompression of cord by anterior approach in patient with grade III & grade IV paraplegia gives satisfactory results in terms of early recovery, short period of hospitalization, early mobilization & healing of the lesion. With this approach adequate exposure can be obtained and post operative rehabilitation of patients is better.
Synthesis and lyotropic behavior of mesogen‐linked cellulose acetates (2004)

Abstract Three aromatic ( p ‐carboxyl phenyl) esters, 4‐(benzoyloxy) benzoic acid, 4‐(4′‐methylbenzoyloxy) benzoic acid, and 4‐(4′‐chlorobenzoyloxy) benzoic acid, were synthesized and they showed nematic monotropic or thermotropic behavior. The mesogen‐linked cellulose acetates were first prepared by the reaction of aromatic ( p ‐carboxyl phenyl) esters with cellulose acetate through esterification in the presence of N , N ‐dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) and 4‐dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Their degrees of mesogenic unit substitution (DS ‐meso ) were between 0.27 and 0.41. It was found that they can form cholesteric lyotropic phases in dichloroacetic acid and their critical concentration was about 25 wt %. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 2693–2697, 2004
Circulating Multiple Myeloma Cells (CMMCs): A Novel Method for Detection and Molecular Characterization of Peripheral Blood Plasma Cells in Multiple Myeloma Precursor States (2014)

Abstract Background Circulating plasma cells (PCs) have been identified as a prognostic factor in patients with myeloma precursor states (MGUS and SMM) and active multiple myeloma (MM). Enumeration of circulating PCs by available methods is not suitable for widespread use and does not provide molecular characterization. We developed and evaluated a novel method for enumeration and molecular characterization of circulating PCs (circulating multiple myeloma cells, “CMMC”), based on the CELLSEARCH® System (Janssen Diagnostics LLC, Raritan, NJ), an automated technology for the capture, enumeration and characterization of rare cells in the peripheral blood. Methods We are performing a prospective study of patients with MGUS and SMM to evaluate CMMCs as biomarker for progression to active MM. Utilizing the CELLSEARCH® System CMMCs were captured by CD138 ferrofluid magnetic particles and identification was defined as CD38+ and CD19-, CD45-. Nonviable cells were excluded by DAPI. Isolated CMMCs were stored and FISH for t(4:14), t(14;16) and del17 was performed. Results We have enrolled 16 patients, MGUS = 3, SMM = 11, and newly diagnosed MM = 2. The Mayo Risk stratification for MGUS patients was: low risk = 2, low-intermediate = 1. All SMM patients were low risk by Mayo Model incorporating serum free light chains. The median number of bone marrow plasma cells for MGUS patients was 7 (range 7-9) and for SMM patients was 15 (range 10-40). The median CMMCs for MGUS = 6 (range 2-55), median CMMCs for SMM = 31 (5-1918). The two patients with NDMM had 5870 and 5 CMMCs, respectively. A single patient with SMM progressed with a symptomatic solitary lumbar plasmacytoma and had CMMCs of 5 and 3 at baseline and progression, respectively. Abnormalities by FISH were detected in both bone marrow and CMMCs. Accrual is ongoing and additional data will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions The CELLSEARCH® CMMC assay can detect, quantify and provide molecular characterization of circulating PCs in MGUS/SMM/MM; longer prospective follow-up is needed to test the prognostic value of CMMCs. Disclosures Weiss: Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding. Sasser:Janssen: Employment. Rao:Janssen: Employment, Equity Ownership. Foulk:Janssen: Employment. Gross:Johnson & Johnson: Employment, Equity Ownership. Cohen:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Vogl:Celgene Corporation: Consultancy; Amgen: Consultancy; Millennium/Takeda: Research Funding; GSK: Research Funding; Acetylon: Research Funding. Stadtmauer:Janssen: Consultancy.
Textbook of Small Animal Surgery (1993)

(Abbreviated):Surgical Biology. Surgical Methods. Skin and Adnexa. Body Cavities and Hernias. Gastrointestinal System. Respiratory System. Cardiovascular System. Hemolymphatic System. The Nervous System. Eye and Adnexa. Reproduction System. Ear. Musculoskeletal System. Oncology. Anesthetic Considerations in Surgery. Dentistry. Appendix. Normal Laboratory Values.
MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLE HYPERTHERMIA IN CANCER TREATMENT (2010)

The activation of magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) by an alternating magnetic field (AMF) is currently being explored as technique for targeted therapeutic heating of tumors. Various types of superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic particles, with different coatings and targeting agents, allow for tumor site and type specificity. Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia is also being studied as an adjuvant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This review provides an introduction to some of the relevant biology and materials science involved in the technical development and current and future use of mNP hyperthermia as clinical cancer therapy.
Nonoperative Portacaval Shunt in Swine (1990)

GOLDMAN, MARTIN L. MD; BERTINO, RAYMOND E. MD; NELSON, JAMES A MD; SHAW, DENNIS W. MD; INTLEKOFER, MICHAEL J. MSEE; CLEMENT, THOMAS J. MSEE; SANO, AKIRA MD; JOHANSEN, KAJ H. MD, PhD Author Information
Calculation of the Throughput-Time in Simple Assembly Lines with Learning Effect (2015)

Calculating the throughput-time of a production run in simple assembly lines is important for several reasons. For example, the length of time to complete a production order is required for planning and scheduling production or the evaluation of throughput-time is required by any effort to improve assembly operations. Classical assembly line balancing techniques assume a constant cycle time. In this case, the calculation of the throughput-time is straightforward. In case of the presence of learning effect, however, cycle time changes for two main reasons. First, cycle time continuously decreases because of the decrease of operation time of the bottleneck station as a consequence of learning. Second, bottleneck may shift from one station to another, causing further changes of the cycle time. In this paper, an algorithm is presented to determine the throughput-time of a production run at the presence of learning based on the residence time of the workstations in the bottleneck. The algorithm and its application are illustrated with a simple example.
Fabrication and Electrical Properties of Mn-Doped KNbO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics Synthesized from KHCO<sub>3</sub> as a Starting Material (2012)

Potassium niobate-based ceramics with 0.1 wt % MnCO 3 , K (1+ x ) NbO 3 +MnCO 3 0.1 wt % (KN10000 x +Mn, x = 0.0000–0.0010), were fabricated using KHCO 3 powder as a starting material. The KN10000 x +Mn ceramics were basically fabricated using a conventional ceramic fabrication process and MnCO 3 powders were added at the milling stage after the calcination. High density ratios above 95% were prepared for the wide compositional range of excess K amount for KN10000 x +Mn ceramics. From these results, Mn ions are thought to act as a sintering aid for KN ceramics. Mn-doped KN10000 x ceramics also showed high resisitivities of approximately 10 12 Ω cm for the wide variety of x (10000 x =0–9). Moreover, the electromechanical coupling factors k 33 for KN10000 x +Mn had constant values of higher than 0.50.
Relationship between Control Grade, Stereoacuity and Surgical Success in Basic Intermittent Exotropia (2015)

In basic intermittent exotropia, better control grade was significantly accompanied by better stereoacuity. Better control grade was accompanied by higher surgical success rate but with no statistical significance.
Size Effect in Compression Fracture: Splitting Crack Band Propagation (1997)

A simplified fracture-mechanics-based model of compression failure of centrically or eccentrically loaded quasi-brittle columns is presented and the size effect on the nominal strength of a column is predicted. Failure is modeled as propagation of a band of axial splitting cracks in a direction orthogonal or inclined with respect to the column axis. The maximum load is calculated from the condition that the energy released from the column due to crack band advance be equal to the energy consumed by the splitting cracks. The axial stress transmitted across the crack band is determined as the critical stress for buckling of the microslabs of material between the axial splitting cracks, and the work on the microslabs during postbuckling deflections is taken into account. The critical postbuckling deflection of the microslabs is determined from a compatibility condition. Under the assumption of small enough material inhomogeneities, the spacing s of the splitting cracks is calculated by minimizing the failure load and is found to decrease with structure size D as D−1/5. The size effect on the nominal strength of geometrically similar columns is found to disappear asymptotically for small sizes D, and to asymptotically approach the power law D−2/5 for large sizes D (where D= cross section dimension). However, when the material inhomogeneities are so large that they preclude the decrease of s with increasing D, the asymptotic size effect changes to D−1/2. The size effect intensifies with increasing slenderness of the column, which is explained by the fact that a more slender column stores more strain energy. The predicted size effect describes quite well previous tests at Northwestern University of reduced-scale tied reinforced concrete columns of different sizes (with size range 1:4) and different slenderness (ranging from 19 to 53). Finally, a simple modification is pointed out for the case of shear loading of concrete, in which a system of parallel tensile cracks in the diagonal compression direction develops before the maximum compressive stress is reached.
Natural Language Processing Turns Text Into Data (2011)

Whether you’ve embraced voice recognition software or rely on a transcriptionist, there’s still the problem of large amounts of text that’s largely unusable. Enter natural language processing, which makes structured reporting and data mining possible by coding the text and extracting data.
Viewing Real-World Faces in 3D (2013)

We present a data-driven method for estimating the 3D shapes of faces viewed in single, unconstrained photos (aka "in-the-wild"). Our method was designed with an emphasis on robustness and efficiency - with the explicit goal of deployment in real-world applications which reconstruct and display faces in 3D. Our key observation is that for many practical applications, warping the shape of a reference face to match the appearance of a query, is enough to produce realistic impressions of the query's 3D shape. Doing so, however, requires matching visual features between the (possibly very different) query and reference images, while ensuring that a plausible face shape is produced. To this end, we describe an optimization process which seeks to maximize the similarity of appearances and depths, jointly, to those of a reference model. We describe our system for monocular face shape reconstruction and present both qualitative and quantitative experiments, comparing our method against alternative systems, and demonstrating its capabilities. Finally, as a testament to its suitability for real-world applications, we offer an open, on-line implementation of our system, providing unique means of instant 3D viewing of faces appearing in web photos.
Combining the Wavelet Transform and Forecasting Models to Predict Gas Forward Prices (2008)

This paper presents a forecasting technique for forward energy prices, one day ahead. This technique combines a wavelet transform and forecasting models such as multi-layer perceptron, linear regression or GARCH. These techniques are applied to real data from the UK gas markets to evaluate their performance. The results show that the forecasting accuracy is improved significantly by using the wavelet transform. The methodology can be also applied to forecasting market clearing prices and electricity/gas loads.
Frameless stereotactic localization and multimodal image registration using DSA/CT/MRI (2002)

A novel frameless stereotactic localization method and multimodal image registration techniques for computer assisted surgery are presented. Using four external markers, the position of brain tissue can be calculated by two different DSA projection images, CT slices and MRI slices respectively. The different anatomical information (tone, soft tissue and vessel) obtained from CT, MRI and DSA can be registered together. Using DSA, the locating accuracy of phantom experiment is 0.5 mm, the accuracy of skull experiment is 2.0 mm. The registration accuracy of DSA/CT images of skull is 2.0-2.5 mm. The volumetric representation of registered DSA and MRI images of human head shows satisfying results.
Der Philosemitismus Im Geistesgeschichtlichen Feld (1958)

220 DER PHILOSEMITISMUS IM GEISTESGESCHICHTLICHEN FELD Bericht über eine neue Quelle und Orientierungsversuch WOLFGANG PHILIPP Das von Hans Joacbim Schoeps verdienstvoll erschlossene Pha- nnmen des spatbarocken Philosemitismus1) kann nur musivisch, Stuck fiir Stuck rekonstruiert werden. Vielleicht ist darum das nachstehend aufgeffhrte philosemitische Credo nicht uninteressant, das sich in den Akten des Geistlichen Ministeriums zu Hamburg auffinden Es handelt sich um zwei Briefe des zum Judentum konvertierten Ham- burger Biirgers Benedikt Sebastian Sperling, der nach der Konversion unter dem Namen I s r a e 1 B e n e d e t i in Amster- dam lebt, an seine Mutter
Channel tracking in SDMA-based multi-user MIMO-OFDM communications systems (2013)

Capacity of current and future high data rate wireless communications depend significantly on how well changes in the wireless channel are predicted and tracked. Generally, this can be estimated by transmitting known symbols. However, this increases overheads if the channel varies over time. Given today’s bandwidth demand and the increased necessity for mobile wireless devices, the contributions of this research are very significant. This study has developed a novel and efficient channel tracking algorithm that can recursively update the channel estimation for wireless broadband communications reducing overheads, therefore increasing the speed of wireless communication systems.
BEARR: Batch Extraction and Analysis of cis-Regulatory Regions (2004)

Transcription factors play important roles in regulating biological and disease processes. Microarray technology has enabled researchers to simultaneously monitor changes in the expression of thousands of transcripts. By identifying specific transcription factor binding sites in the cis-regulatory regions of differentially expressed genes, it is then possible to identify direct targets of transcription factors, model transcriptional regulatory networks and mine the dataset for relevant targets for experimental and clinical manipulation. We have developed web-based software to assist biologists in efficiently carrying out the analysis of microarray data from studies of specific transcription factors. Batch Extraction and Analysis of cis-Regulatory Regions, or BEARR, accepts gene identifier lists from microarray data analysis tools and facilitates identification, extraction and analysis of regulatory regions from the large amount of data that is typically generated in these types of studies. The software is publicly available at http://giscompute.gis.a-star.edu.sg/~vega/BEARR1.0/.
Synthetic Studies into 3-Hydroxy-2(1)-pyridinone Based Hexadentate Metal(III) Ion Chelators (1998)

Abstract An improved synthesis and purification of the hexadentate chelators, N,N,N,-tris[2-(3-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-1-yl) acetamido]ethylamine, 8a and N,N,N,-tris[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-xo-1,2-dihydropyridin-1-yl) acetamido]ethylamine, 8b is described.
Lysophosphatidic acid as a regulator of endothelial/leukocyte interaction. (1999)

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is produced by a variety of activated cell types and acts as an intercellular mediator of processes associated with inflammation and repair including platelets aggregation, and smooth muscle and fibroblast proliferation. However no previous studies have examined the effects of LPA on endothelial cell leukocyte interactions. We have examined the ability of LPA to activate human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) to bind monocytes, neutrophils, and HL60 cells (a neutrophil surrogate). Treatment of HAEC for 4 hours with 10 microM LPA caused an increase in the binding of monocytes, neutrophils, and HL60. LPA but not phosphatidic acid dose-dependently increased E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) cell surface expression. We performed several studies to characterize the receptor mediating the LPA effect. We demonstrate that at least five potential LPA receptors are expressed by HAEC: Edg-1, -3, -4, and -5 as well as PSP24. Cyclic phosphate-containing phosphatidic acid analogue, an agonist for the type 3 low affinity LPA receptor, was not effective in activating HAEC to bind leukocytes, excluding a role for this receptor. The selective receptor antagonists N-palmitoyl-serine and N-palmitoyl-tyrosine (which inhibits PSP24) completely inhibited LPA-induced VCAM expression; however these antagonists inhibited E-selectin expression by only 30%, suggesting a role for at least one additional LPA receptor mediating E-selectin expression. We propose that Edg-1 might be the second receptor, because this receptor, when expressed in HEK293 cells, similarly to the PSP24 receptor, caused ERK activation to nanomolar concentration of LPA. Exposure of HAEC to sphingosine-1-phosphate, another Edg-1 receptor agonist, increased surface expression of E-selectin and to a much smaller extent VCAM-1. The effects of both LPA and sphingosine-1-phosphate on the induction of both VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression was abolished by pretreatment with pertussis toxin suggesting that both LPA receptors in HAEC couple to a Gi pathway. These findings reveal an important and novel role for LPA and its receptors in inflammatory processes.
Nonsurgical Management of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Clinical Practice Guideline (2020)

There is no evidence for or against the use of local or regional interventions other than transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of intermediate- or advanced-stage hcc. Furthermore, there is no evidence to support the addition of sorafenib to any local or regional therapy. Sorafenib or lenvatinib are recommended for first-line systemic treatment of intermediate-stage hcc. Regorafenib or cabozantinib provide survival benefits when given as second-line treatment. Antiviral treatment is recommended in individuals with advanced hcc who are positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen.
Force–length characteristics of <i>in vivo</i> human skeletal muscle (2001)

In the present study, the in vivo force-length relations of the human soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles were estimated. Measurements were taken in six men at ankle angles from 30 degrees of dorsiflexion to 45 degrees of plantarflexion in steps of 15 degrees, and involved dynamometry, electrical stimulation, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For each muscle and ankle angle studied the following three measurements were carried out: (1) dynamometry-based measurement of maximal voltage tetanic moment, (2) ultrasound-based measurement of pennation angle and fibre length and (3) MRI-based measurement of tendon moment arm length. Tendon forces were calculated dividing moments by moment arm lengths, and muscle forces were calculated dividing tendon forces by the cosine of pennation angles. In the transition from 30 degrees of dorsiflexion to 45 degrees of plantarflexion the SOL muscle fibre length decreased from 3.8 to 2.4 cm and its force decreased from 3330 to 290 N. Over the same range of ankle angles the TA muscle fibre length increased from 3.7 to 6 cm and its force increased from 157 to 644 N. Over the longest muscle fibre lengths reached the force of both muscles remained approximately constant. These results indicate that the intact human SOL and TA muscles operate in the ascending limb and plateau region of the force-length relationship. Similar conclusions were reached when calculating the theoretical operating range of the two muscle sarcomeres in the study.