gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the accuracy of plate theories for the prediction of unwanted modes near the fundamental thickness shear mode (2002)

The first order plate theories with correction factors are generally assumed to predict accurately the plate modes which have half wave lengths greater than the plate thickness, and at frequencies up to twenty percent higher than the fundamental thickness shear frequency. This assumption is assessed by comparing the straight crested wave solutions of the plate theories with those of the three-dimensional elastic equations of motion. The frequency spectra for bandwidths of resonant frequencies versus the aspect ratio of length to thickness are compared for three sets of plate equations: The first order Mindlin plate equations, the third order Mindlin plate equations, and the third order Lee and Nikodem plate equations. The finite element results for a quartz SC-cut strip with free edges show that Mindlin's first order plate equations, and Lee and Nikodem's third order plate equations do not yield an accurate frequency spectra of the modes in the vicinity of the fundamental thickness shear mode, although the thickness shear mode itself is predicted accurately. The third order Mindlin plate equations without correction factors, on the other hand, predict well the frequency spectrum in the vicinity. The first order Mindlin plate theory is found to yield accurate frequency spectra for normalized frequencies less than 0.1, which is lower than previously assumed. At normalized frequencies greater than 0.1, deviations are seen in the frequency spectra, starting with the modal branches which are more steeply inclined.
The Influence of Foot Position on Stretching of the Plantar Fascia (2007)

This study provides a mechanical explanation for enhanced outcomes in recent clinical trials using plantar fascia tissue-specific stretching exercises and lends support to the use of ankle and MTP joint dorsiflexion when employing stretching protocols for nonoperative treatment in patients with chronic proximal plantar fasciitis.
TBCs for better engine efficiency (1989)

State-of-the-art thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) developed for aircraft engines can achieve both hot-section component operating temperature reductions and superior oxidation resistance. Such TBCs typically consist of two layers: a metallic, often NiCrAlY 'bond' inner layer in contact with the superalloy structural component, and an outer, insulating ceramic layer. A ceramic frequently used in this role due to its high durability is plasma-sprayed ZrO2, partially stabilized with 6-8 wt pct Y2O3. TBCs can also be useful in nonaircraft gas turbines, which frequently use highly contaminated fuels.
Secret program execution in the cloud applying homomorphic encryption (2011)

A growing number of compute and data storage jobs is performed on remote resources. In a cloud environment the customer can't be sure where a particular job is physically executed and thus cannot rely on the security and confidentiality of the remote resource. A solution for this problem is operating on encrypted functions and encrypted data. This enables a customer to generate a program that can be executed by a third party, without revealing the underlying algorithm or the processed data. This helps securing applications and data in a distributed digital ecosystem. We present a method to compute a secret program on an untrusted resource using fully homomorphic encrypted circuits. We sketch an algebraic homomorphism as a cryptographic foundation and define a sample system architecture for which we provide a software implementation. Our concept solves the problems of encrypted storage access with encrypted addresses and encrypted branching: in contrast to other approaches, like static one-pass circuit simulations, our system supports dy namic parameters and non-linear programs, that render branch decisions at runtime and cannot be represented in a circuit with hard-wired in-circuit parameters and data. Our implementation comprises the runtime environment for an encrypted program and an assembler to generate the encrypted machine code.
(S)-emopamil, a novel calcium and serotonin antagonist for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders. 3rd communication: effect on postischemic cerebral blood flow and metabolism, and ischemic neuronal cell death. (1989)

The effect of (S)-emopamil ((2S)-2-isopropyl-5-(methylphenethylamino)-2-phenylvaleronitril e hydrochloride) treatment on postischemic cerebral blood flow and metabolism was investigated in nitrous oxide anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. Forebrain ischemia was induced and maintained for 20 min by lowering arterial blood pressure to approximately 40 mmHg and clamping both carotid arteries. Local cerebral blood flow and glucose utilization were evaluated autoradiographically in 34 cerebral regions. In the cerebral blood flow studies intravenous infusion of 0.1 mg/(kg min) (S)-emopamil was begun 5 min after the end of ischemia. Local cerebral blood flow was determined 60 min later using [14C]iodoantipyrine. When the animals were treated with saline only, postischemic blood flow of 22 affected forebrain areas fell on average to 42 +/- 13% of nonischemic control. Treatment with (S)-emopamil increased perfusion of the same areas in a region-dependent fashion by an average of 54 +/- 19%, resulting in 63 +/- 17% of control values. The rise of blood flow in structures not directly affected by ischemia amounted to 52 +/- 27% (134 +/- 23% of control). In the studies on cerebral metabolism, the experimental animals received a total of 6 mg/kg (S)-emopamil by slow intravenous infusion before and during the ischemic episode. Determination of local cerebral glucose utilization was initiated after 50 min of postischemic recirculation using [14C]deoxyglucose. In the placebo-treated experimental group average glucose utilization of 14 forebrain areas was significantly lower (74 +/- 9% of control) than in the nonischemic control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Randomized comparative study on enteral nutrition combined glutamine supplement by gut in severe ill patients (2008)

Objective To explore the effective of enteral nutrition (EN) with glutamine supplement by gut in severe ill pa-tients. Methods One hundred and forty - eight severe ill patients were performed randomized the treatment of conventional EN(control group, n=48), EN +Gln (trial group, n = 50), PN + Gin ( positive control group, n = 50) to evaluate the difference a-mong plasma pre -albumin, total lymphocyte count, diamine oxidase, C reactive protein,liver and renal function at the 7th day.Results All patients'nutritional state and intestinal barrier function were improved, but the trial group improved most signifi-cantly. There was no obvious difference between the eontrol group and positive control group. Conclusion EN combined gluta-mine supplement by gut is safe and effective in severe ill patients. It can promote the synthesis of protein, lessen stress reaction,improve nutritional state and intestinal barrier function. It may also decrease obviously the cost of hospitalization.

Key words: 
Enteral nutrition;  Parenteral nutrition;  Glutamine;  Diamine oxidase;  Intestinal barrier function
Adaptive enhancement for nonuniform illumination images via nonlinear mapping (2017)

Nonuniform illumination images suffer from degenerated details because of underexposure, overexposure, or a combination of both. To improve the visual quality of color images, underexposure regions should be lightened, whereas overexposure areas need to be dimmed properly. However, discriminating between underexposure and overexposure is troublesome. Compared with traditional methods that produce a fixed demarcation value throughout an image, the proposed demarcation changes as local luminance varies, thus is suitable for manipulating complicated illumination. Based on this locally adaptive demarcation, a nonlinear modification is applied to image luminance. Further, with the modified luminance, we propose a nonlinear process to reconstruct a luminance-enhanced color image. For every pixel, this nonlinear process takes the luminance change and the original chromaticity into account, thus trying to avoid exaggerated colors at dark areas and depressed colors at highly bright regions. Finally, to improve image contrast, a local and image-dependent exponential technique is designed and applied to the RGB channels of the obtained color image. Experimental results demonstrate that our method produces good contrast and vivid color for both nonuniform illumination images and images with normal illumination.
Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) in Malignant Ascites Stimulates Motility of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells through LPA1 (2004)

Cytokines and growth factors in malignant ascites are thought to modulate a variety of cellular activities of cancer cells and normal host cells. The motility of cancer cells is an especially important activity for invasion and metastasis. Here, we examined the components in ascites, which are responsible for cell motility, from patients and cancer cell-injected mice. Ascites remarkably stimulated the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. This response was inhibited or abolished by pertussis toxin, monoglyceride lipase, an enzyme hydrolyzing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), and Ki16425 and VPC12249, antagonists for LPA receptors (LPA1 and LPA3), but not by an LPA3-selective antagonist. These agents also inhibited the response to LPA but not to the epidermal growth factor. In malignant ascites, LPA is present at a high level, which can explain the migration activity, and the fractionation study of ascites by lipid extraction and subsequent thin-layer chromatography indicated LPA as an active component. A significant level of LPA1 receptor mRNA is expressed in pancreatic cancer cells with high migration activity to ascites but not in cells with low migration activity. Small interfering RNA against LPA1 receptors specifically inhibited the receptor mRNA expression and abolished the migration response to ascites. These results suggest that LPA is a critical component of ascites for the motility of pancreatic cancer cells and LPA1 receptors may mediate this activity. LPA receptor antagonists including Ki16425 are potential therapeutic drugs against the migration and invasion of cancer cells.
Improvement of amorphous silicon solar cells by electrochemical treatments (1987)

In the manufacturing process of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells, leakage currents through the pinholes in the a-Si:H film often spoils its performance. We have demonstrated that two electrochemical treatments are effective for stopping the leakage through pinholes. One method is an electrochemical dissolution of the transparent conductive oxide exposed to the pinholes, and another is an electrochemical deposition of insulating materials in the pinholes. These effects have been confirmed by use of intentionally fissured a-Si:H electrodes as well as solar cells showing large leakage currents.
Evidence for Radiation Field Collimation in NGC4151 (1995)

Abstract We report on a detailed study by the Lovers of Active Galaxies collaboration of the gas and dust surrounding the active nucleus in NGC4151. The ionization structure of the extended narrow line region (ENLR) is broadly consistent with photoionization by the AGN radiation field. The jet-like morphology of the ENLR, and its misalignment with the arcsecond-scale radio source, can be explained if ionizing radiation emerges from the nucleus in a broad inclined cone and illuminates the galactic disk at grazing incidence. The overall distribution of gas and dust suggests that bar-driven gas flows are important in the circum-nuclear region and that these are intimately linked to the material collimating the ionizing radiation field.
Gene Expression Signatures Predictive of Early Response and Outcome in High-Risk Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Children's Oncology Group Study (2008)

Genes and pathways that play a role in early blast regression may identify patients who may be at risk for inferior responses to treatment. A fully validated predictive gene expression signature was defined for high-risk ALL that provided insight into the biologic mechanisms of treatment failure.
Adaptive Control of Individual Cylinder Ignition Timing for Improvement of Idle Stability (1993)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a technique for the improvement of the idle stability on a spark ignition engine through the adaptive control of the individual cylinder ignition timing. In many causes that affect the idle stability, the difference in the torque production between cylinders has been a matter of concern. The engine speed has been sampled 220 times per a cycle and the average angular acceleration has been calculated from it. In this research, the average angular acceleration has been characterized by nonuniform torque production among cylinders. The control system has been designed to keep the average angular acceleration constant.</div>
Correlation of Daptomycin Resistance in a Clinical <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Strain with Increased Cell Wall Teichoic Acid Production and <scp>d</scp> -Alanylation (2011)

Cell wall thickening is a common feature among daptomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. However, the mechanism(s) leading to this phenotype is unknown. We examined a number of cell wall synthesis pathway parameters in an isogenic strain set of S. aureus bloodstream isolates obtained from a patient with recalcitrant endocarditis who failed daptomycin therapy, including the initial daptomycin-susceptible parental strain (strain 616) and two daptomycin-resistant strains (strains 701 and 703) isolated during daptomycin therapy. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated significantly thicker cell walls in the daptomycin-resistant strains than in the daptomycin-susceptible strain, a finding which was compatible with significant differences in dry cell weight of strain 616 versus strains 701 to 703 (P < 0.05). Results of detailed analysis of cell wall muropeptide composition, the degree of peptide side chain cross-linkage, and the amount of the peptidoglycan precursor, UDP-MurNAc-pentapeptide, were similar in the daptomycin-susceptible and daptomycin-resistant isolates. In contrast, the daptomycin-resistant strains contained less O-acetylated peptidoglycan. Importantly, both daptomycin-resistant strains synthesized significantly more wall teichoic acid (WTA) than the parental strain (P < 0.001). Moreover, the proportion of D-alanylated WTA species was substantially higher in the daptomycin-resistant strains than in the daptomycin-susceptible parental strain (P < 0.05 in comparing strain 616 versus strain 701). The latter phenotypic findings correlated with (i) enhanced tagA and dltA gene expression, respectively, and (ii) an increase in surface positive charge observed in the daptomycin-resistant versus daptomycin-susceptible isolates. Collectively, these data suggest that increases in WTA synthesis and the degree of its D-alanylation may play a major role in the daptomycin-resistant phenotype in some S. aureus strains.
PHASE EQUILIBRIA INVESTIGATION OF BINARY, TERNARY, AND HIGHER ORDER SYSTEMS. PART 9. CALCULATION OF THERMODYNAMIC QUANTITIES FROM PHASE DIAGRAMS (1970)

Abstract : The thermodynamic fundamentals relating phase equilibria in binary and ternary systems to the thermodynamic properties of the phases are reviewed and discussed. Considered in detail are partition equilibria in ternary systems and the role of the three-phase equilibrium in the determination of the relative stabilities of stable as well as hypothetical phases. Sample calculations carried out on selected ternary metal-carbon and a metal silicate system demonstrate the application of the equations for extracting thermodynamic data from phase diagrams and also for the prediction of phase equilibria.
Pyripyropenes, Fungal Sesquiterpenes Conjugated with .ALPHA.-Pyrone and Pyridine Moieties, Exhibits Anti-angiogenic Activity against Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (2009)

In the course of our search for anti-angiogenic substances, pyripyropenes A (1), B (2), and D (3) were re-discovered as selective anti-proliferative substances against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) from a marine-derived fungus of Aspergillus sp. Pyripyropenes showed potent anti-proliferative activity against HUVECs with IC(50) values of the range of 0.1-1.8 muM, which were cytostatic at 0.05 to 20 muM. The selective index was more than 55-fold in comparison with those of several tumor cell lines. Compound 1 inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced migration and tubular formation of HUVECs, while 1 showed no effect on the VEGF-induced phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, p38, and Akt. Pyripyropenes were originally isolated as an inhibitor of acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT-2). While, the expression level of ACATs between HUVECs and other tumor cell lines did not correspond to the selective index of the anti-proliferative activity of compound 1. Moreover, ACATs inhibitor, 2,2-dimethyl-N-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)dodecanamide (CI-976), showed growth inhibitory activity with only poor selectivity (2.4-fold) between HUVECs and human epidermoid carcinoma KB3-1 cells.
Analysis and synthesis of a class of discrete-time neural networks with multilevel threshold neurons (1995)

In contrast to the usual types of neural networks which utilize two states for each neuron, a class of synchronous discrete-time neural networks with multilevel threshold neurons is developed. A qualitative analysis and a synthesis procedure for the class of neural networks considered constitute the principal contributions of this paper. The applicability of the present class of neural networks is demonstrated by means of a gray level image processing example, where each neuron can assume one of sixteen values. When compared to the usual neural networks with two state neurons, networks which are endowed with multilevel neurons will, in general, for a given application, require fewer neurons and thus fewer interconnections. This is an important consideration in VLSI implementation.
Generalized series dynamic imaging with deformable references [MRI application] (2003)

Many imaging applications require the acquisition of a time series of images. Conventional full-scan methods acquire each of these images independently, resulting in a tradeoff between spatial resolution and temporal resolution. To address this problem, a generalized series-based reduced-encoding method has been proposed, which collects one or a few high-resolution references and a sequence of reduced data sets. This paper extends this imaging scheme to allow deformable references to be used to compensate for possible geometric variations between the references and the reduced data sets. The deformable references are constructed using a thin-plate spline model and a mutual information-based registration algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can handle large geometric changes such as those encountered in cardiac imaging.
Solving systems of polynomial equations (1994)

Geometric and solid modelling deal with the representation and manipulation of physical objects. Currently most geometric objects are formulated in terms of polynomial equations, thereby reducing many application problems to manipulating polynomial systems. Solving systems of polynomial equations is a fundamental problem in these geometric computations. The author presents an algorithm for solving polynomial equations. The combination of multipolynomial resultants and matrix computations underlies this efficient, robust and accurate algorithm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
When Ultrasonic Sensors and Computer Vision Join Forces for Efficient Obstacle Detection and Recognition (2016)

In the most recent report published by the World Health Organization concerning people with visual disabilities it is highlighted that by the year 2020, worldwide, the number of completely blind people will reach 75 million, while the number of visually impaired (VI) people will rise to 250 million. Within this context, the development of dedicated electronic travel aid (ETA) systems, able to increase the safe displacement of VI people in indoor/outdoor spaces, while providing additional cognition of the environment becomes of outmost importance. This paper introduces a novel wearable assistive device designed to facilitate the autonomous navigation of blind and VI people in highly dynamic urban scenes. The system exploits two independent sources of information: ultrasonic sensors and the video camera embedded in a regular smartphone. The underlying methodology exploits computer vision and machine learning techniques and makes it possible to identify accurately both static and highly dynamic objects existent in a scene, regardless on their location, size or shape. In addition, the proposed system is able to acquire information about the environment, semantically interpret it and alert users about possible dangerous situations through acoustic feedback. To determine the performance of the proposed methodology we have performed an extensive objective and subjective experimental evaluation with the help of 21 VI subjects from two blind associations. The users pointed out that our prototype is highly helpful in increasing the mobility, while being friendly and easy to learn.
Parental Cardiovascular Disease as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Middle-aged Adults (2004)

Using validated events, we found that parental cardiovascular disease independently predicted future offspring events in middle-aged adults. Addition of parental information may help clinicians and patients with primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, when treatment decisions may be difficult in patients at intermediate risk based on levels of single or multiple risk factors. These data also support further research into genetic determinants of cardiovascular risk.
Rehabilitation for Chronic Ankle Instability With or Without Destabilization Devices: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2016)

Incorporating destabilization devices into rehabilitation did not improve ankle function more effectively than traditional rehabilitation tools because both interventions resulted in similar improvements. Impairment-based progressive rehabilitation improved clinical outcomes associated with CAI.
Rubber Chemicals (2000)

Abstract Rubber chemicals are materials that are added in minor amounts to rubber formulations in order to improve their properties and make them commercially useful. Raw rubber polymer has very limited practical applications because of tackiness, flow, and other undesirable features. Rubber chemicals are added to assist processing, promote cross‐linking, and provide longevity to the part in service. Vulcanizing adjacent polymer chains together by cross‐links prevents flow, increases strength, and provides recovery from deformation. The most widely used method of cross‐linking polymer chains is by heating with elemental sulfur (vulcanization). Accelerators speed up the reaction of sulfur with polymer to improve the economics of manufacture and prevent degradation that would otherwise occur upon prolonged heating. Peptizers and process aids assist flow during the mixing and shaping operations. Antidegradants protect the part in service from heat, oxygen, ozone, and repeated flexing. Other rubber chemicals function as blowing agents, adhesion promoters, and activators or retarders which modify the onset of cross‐linking. Organic chemicals which are used primarily in the rubber industry contributed $415 million to the United States economy in 1994. Other rubber chemicals are also discussed.