gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Augmentation of<i>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans</i>Invasion of Human Oral Epithelial Cells and Up-Regulation of Interleukin-8 Production by Saliva CD14 (2003)

It has recently been shown that human salivary glands constitutively express CD14, an important molecule in innate immunity, and that a soluble form of CD14 is secreted in saliva. The concentration of CD14 in parotid (a serous gland) saliva was comparable to that in normal serum and 10-fold the amount in whole saliva, although the physiological function of saliva CD14 remained unclear. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a periodontopathic bacterium and is able to invade oral epithelial cells. The present study showed that upon exposure to live A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 for 2 h, human oral epithelial HSC-2 cells produced interleukin-8 (IL-8) for a further 24 h and whole saliva augmented the production induced by A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4. Parotid saliva showed a more pronounced effect on the production of IL-8 than whole saliva. Neither saliva preparation itself had IL-8-inducing activity. Parotid saliva exhibited antibacterial activity against a low concentration of A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4, but recombinant CD14 did not show the activity. The internalization of A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4 into HSC-2 cells was inhibited by cytochalasin B, indicating that the process was actin dependent, and depletion of CD14 from parotid saliva inhibited the invasion and, as a consequence, inhibited production of IL-8. Furthermore, human recombinant CD14 augmented invasion and IL-8 production. These results suggest that saliva CD14 promoted the invasion of oral epithelial cells by A. actinomycetemcomitans and consequently augmented the production of IL-8, playing an important role in innate immunity in the oral cavity.
Comedogenesis: some new aetiological, clinical and therapeutic strategies (2000)

Hypercornification is an early feature of acne and precedes inflammation. It is associated with ductal hyperproliferation and there are many controlling factors such as androgens, retinoids and cytokines. Cycling of normal follicles and of comedones may explain the natural resolution of comedones and, in the longer term, resolution of the disease itself. There is a need to tailor treatment according to comedonal type. Suboptimal therapy can often result from inappropriate assessments of comedones, especially microcomedones, missed comedones, sandpaper comedones, submarine comedones and macrocomedones. Macrocomedones can produce devastating acne flares, particularly if patients are inappropriately prescribed oral isotretinoin. Gentle cautery under topical local anaesthesia is a useful therapy in the treatment of such lesions. The newer retinoids and new formulations of all-trans-retinoic acid show a better benefit/risk ratio. Evidence-based studies are required to allow adequate comparisons.
Hepatitis delta virus : molecular biology, pathogenesis, and clinical aspects : proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Heptitis Delta Virus, held at Rhodes, Greece, June 8-10, 1992 (1993)

Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, Volume 382 Hepatitis Delta Virus Molecular Biology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Aspects Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Hepatitis Delta Virus, Held at Rhodes, Greece, June 8-10, 1992 Stephanos J. Hadziyannis, John M. Taylor, and Ferruccio Bonino, Editors In the past decade, the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) has become the focus of increased research attention for epidemiologists, pathologists, and--most recently--molecular biologists. Hepatitis Delta Virus: Molecular Biology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Aspects provides a summary of recent investigations into some of the unique molecular properties of HDV, discussing how they can impact its infectiousness, carcinogenic potential, interaction with other hepatitis viruses, and resistance to different therapeutic measures. The text also explores the possibility of developing agents that mimic some of HDV's molecular properties, transforming such effects into useful antiviral activity. Individual chapters in the text are organized into sections covering the following subject areas: Molecular Biology of the Delta Virus Delta-Like Agents and Taxonomy Pathogenesis Viral Interactions Epidemiology and Transmission Clinical Issues Therapy Liver Transplantation Perspectives Hepatitis Delta Virus: Molecular Biology, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Aspects is a unique work that integrates findings from recent molecular investigations with the latest clinical data on the spread and treatment of HDV. Offering current, authoritative information and an extensive global perspective, this volume is an essential reference for molecular virologists, immunologists, infectious disease specialists, hepatologists, gatroenterologists, and hematologists.
Study of Low-Temperature Oxidation in Au/Si and Cu/Si Systems by 7-MeV Alpha Particle Backscattering Analysis (1992)

Low-temperature oxidation kinetics in the Au/Si and Cu/Si systems was measured by a 7-MeV alpha backscattering technique. The formation of a Si oxide layer near the surface in the Au/Si system is mainly controlled by intermixing between the Au and Si substrates. The formation of thick SiO 2 in the Cu-Si interface at room temperature is a catalytic process due to the presence of a Cu 3 Si compound.
UHPLC-TQ-MS Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Characterize Nucleosides, Nucleobases and Amino Acids in Angelicae Sinensis Radix Obtained by Different Drying Methods (2017)

To explore the nutrients in roots of <i>Angelica sinensis</i> (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, ASR), a medicinal and edible plant, and evaluate its nutritional value, a rapid and reliable UHPLC-TQ-MS method was established and used to determine the potential nutritional compounds, including nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, in 50 batches of ASR samples obtained using two drying methods. The results showed that ASR is a healthy food rich in nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, especially arginine. The total average content of nucleosides and nucleobases in all ASR samples was 3.94 mg/g, while that of amino acids reached as high as 61.79 mg/g. Principle component analysis showed that chemical profile differences exist between the two groups of ASR samples prepared using different drying methods, and the contents of nutritional compounds in samples dried with the tempering-intermittent drying processing method (TIDM) were generally higher than those dried using the traditional solar processing method. The above results suggest that ASR should be considered an ideal healthy food and TIDM could be a suitable drying method for ASR when taking nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids as the major consideration for their known human health benefits.
Semantic Analysis of Tag Similarity Measures in Collaborative Tagging Systems (2008)

Social bookmarking systems allow users to organise collections of resources on the Web in a collaborative fashion. The increasing popularity of these systems as well as first insights into their emergent semantics have made them relevant to disciplines like knowledge extraction and ontology learning. The problem of devising methods to measure the semantic relatedness between tags and characterizing it semantically is still largely open. Here we analyze three measures of tag relatedness: tag co-occurrence, cosine similarity of co-occurrence distributions, and FolkRank, an adaptation of the PageRank algorithm to folksonomies. Each measure is computed on tags from a large-scale dataset crawled from the social bookmarking system del.icio.us. To provide a semantic grounding of our findings, a connection to WordNet (a semantic lexicon for the English language) is established by mapping tags into synonym sets of WordNet, and applying there well-known metrics of semantic similarity. Our results clearly expose different characteristics of the selected measures of relatedness, making them applicable to different subtasks of knowledge extraction such as synonym detection or discovery of concept hierarchies.
Field testing a three-component fiber-optic borehole seismic sensor array (2014)

Summary High-temperature and high-pressure subsurface environments pose challenges to traditional seismic sensors and recording equipment. Recent developments in fiber-optic sensor technology have made it possible to manufacture highly sensitive three-component (3C) sensors in a form factor similar to existing borehole tools. In contrast to distributed acoustic (DAS) or temperature sensing (DTS) applications (Li 2013; Mateeva 2013), the three-component acceleration of the ground motion is recorded at a discrete spacing which is predetermined during manufacturing. A recent field test using 20 levels of three-component fiber optic sensors was carried out at BEG's Devine Test Site in South Texas. The sensor spacing was chosen to be 50 ft, comparable to typical wire-line tools. The maximum deployment depth of approximately 2350 ft (780m) was limited by the borehole's total depth, but was located just above the Eagle Ford shale formation which is situated relatively shallow at the test site. Several short walk-away and circular VSP patterns were acquired using a high-frequency vertical vibrator as well as a low energy PEG source. Analysis of the active source records and passive monitoring records show the fiber-optic tool's high sensitivity and large bandwidth, with the added benefit of having only passive fibers in the borehole and all necessary interrogation electronics at the surface.
Non-resonant vibration conversion (2006)

The development of distributed wireless sensor systems for automotive, medical or industrial monitoring applications is one of the aims for MEMS technology. For applications where environmental vibrations are present, the harvesting of this kinetic energy is an opportunity to power remote sensor nodes. For the conversion, typically resonant spring–mass–damper systems are considered. In this paper, a novel non-resonant conversion mechanism is presented. Depending on the geometry of the harvester and the vibration, this conversion mechanism shows a few advantages: low frequencies can be converted, higher or lower modes of vibration will be converted instantaneously, the transducer has 2 DOF for energy conversion and the generation of energy is not limited to a small frequency band. Based on a vibration amplitude of 100 µm, the behavior of a fine-mechanical generator and a MEMS generator has been simulated. The results of the fine-mechanical generator were verified by measurements of a prototype with 1.5 cm3 volume. So far the transducer is capable of producing 0.4–3 mW for vibration frequencies ranging from 30 to 80 Hz.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Stimulates Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Recruitment to New Focal Adhesions of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Paxillin in Endothelial Cells (1997)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple components in confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) including bands of Mr 205,000, corresponding to the VEGF receptors Flt-1 and KDR, and Mr 145,000, 120,000, 97,000, and 65,000-70,000. VEGF caused a striking and transient increase in mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activity and stimulated phospholipase C-gamma tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase activity. VEGF caused a marked increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), which was both rapid and concentration-dependent. VEGF produced similar effects on p125(FAK) in the endothelial cell line ECV.304. VEGF stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the 68-kDa focal adhesion-associated component, paxillin, with similar kinetics and concentration dependence to that for p125(FAK). Thrombin and the phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, also increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation in HUVECs. The effect of VEGF on p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation was completely inhibited by the actin filament-disrupting agent cytochalasin D and was partially inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X. Inhibition of the MAP kinase pathway using a specific inhibitor of MAP kinase kinase had no effect on p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation. VEGF stimulated migration and actin stress fiber formation in confluent HUVEC, and VEGF-induced p125(FAK)/paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation was accompanied by increased immunofluorescent staining of p125(FAK), paxillin, and phosphotyrosine in focal adhesions in confluent cultures of HUVECs. These findings identify p125(FAK) and paxillin as components in a VEGF-stimulated signaling pathway and suggest a novel mechanism for VEGF regulation of endothelial cell functions.
A new RF architecture for cesium frequency standards (2003)

A novel RF chain is described which overcomes many of the limitations of previous RF chains. The new architecture greatly reduces the four main problems in existing RF chains: excessive spurious sidebands, temperature-induced phase instability, inadequate isolation of internal and external subsystems, and significant modulator distortion. The cesium standard realizes higher performance by utilizing amplitude modulation in addition to frequency modulation and controls the RF level with a servo loop based on atomic interactions. The RF chain described implements these techniques. It also has sufficient available drive power for the beam tube to allow considerably lower Ramsey cavity Q.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
[Renoprotective and antihypertensive effect of combination therapy with a low protein diet, long-term exercise and angiotensin II receptor antagonist in rats with renal ablation]. (2006)

A low protein diet(LPD) has been prescribed to alleviate uremic symptoms, and to delay the aggravation of chronic renal failure(CRF). However, it has been suggested that LPD treatment causes malnutrition and attenuation of muscle power. On the other hand, it also has been suggested that appropriate long-term exercise training(EX) may lead to improvement of the physical fitness and quality of life (QOL) in patients with CRF. However, there is no definitive conclusion as to whether EX has any renal protective effect or not. We assessed the effects of combination therapy with LPD and EX. We also assessed the effects of a combination of these therapies and the angiotensin II receptor antagonist, olmesartan (OLS). Male Wistar Kyoto rats that were five-sixth-nephrectomized were divided into 6 groups; 1) normal-protein diet(NPD); 2) NPD and EX with treadmill running(1 h/day, 5 days/week for 12 weeks)(NPD + EX); 3) LPD; 4) LPD + EX; 5) LPD + EX with OLS( 10 mg/kg/day for 12 weeks) (LPD + EX + OLS); and 6) Sham-operated(S). Systolic blood pressure(SBP) in the NPD + EX, LPD + EX, LPD + EX + OLS, and S groups was significantly lower than in the NPD group. Moreover, SBP in the LPD + EX + OLS was significantly lower than in all the other groups. LPD, LPD + EX, and LPD + EX + OLS induced a significant decrease in UP, Scr and BUN compared with the NPD group. UP in the LPD + EX, LPD + EX + OLS, and S groups was significantly lower than in the LPD group. The index of glomerular sclerosis (IGS) and relative interstitial volume(RIV) in the NPD + EX, LPD, LPD + EX, LPD + EX + OLS, and S groups were significantly lower than the values in the NPD group. IGS and RIV in the LPD, LPD + EX, LPD + EX + OLS, and S groups were significantly lower than the values in the NPD + EX and LPD groups. Glomerular ED-1 positive cells in the LPD + EX, LPD + EX + OLS, and S groups was significantly fewer than in the NPD groups. These results indicate that LPD and EX have renoprotective effects, and suggest that the combination therapy with LPD and EX provides greater renoprotective effects than LPD alone. Moreover simultaneous treatment of OLS and LPD + EX provides greater antihypertensive and antiproteinuric effects than treatment with LPD + EX.
Identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptide, defensin, in the taiga tick, <i>Ixodes persulcatus</i> (2009)

Ixodes persulcatus is the primary vector for human tick-borne diseases in Japan. A cDNA library was constructed from whole body homogenates of fed nymphs of I. persulcatus. From this library, one cDNA encoding defensin-like antimicrobial peptide was identified. The amino-acid sequence showed high similarity to those of the defensins of other ticks and arthropods. I. persulcatus defensin mRNA transcripts were detected at all life cycle stages of fed ticks and found to be predominantly expressed in the midguts of adult female ticks, but not in the salivary glands, a finding corroborated by Western blotting analysis. To investigate the function of I. persulcatus defensin, we examined its antibacterial activity by evaluation of growth of several bacterial strains in the presence of the synthetic peptide. The defensin from I. persulcatus markedly inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Corynebacterium renale, but not Gram-negative bacteria except Escherichia coli O157. In conclusion, these results suggest that I. persulcatus defensin may be playing a significant role in the defence against microbes from bloodmeals.
p53 autoantibodies can be indicative of the development of breast cancer relapse. (2003)

Monitoring of p53 AAb during follow-up can be informative about the clinical course of the disease. The development of breast cancer relapse can be preceded by an increase of p53 AAb titer.
The navigation of autonomous vehicles in uncertain dynamic environments: a case study (2004)

This paper proposes a method for building with multiple vehicles a probability map of uncertain dynamic environments. It is assumed that each vehicle has a limited sensor range and therefore lacks global information. The vehicles share their measurement information to build a probability map. The probability map is updated using sensor information and a priori statistics of the dynamic environment.
Selection of phage-displayed peptides on live adherent cells in microfluidic channels (2011)

Affinity reagents that bind to specific molecular targets are an essential tool for both diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. There is a particular need for advanced technologies for the generation of reagents that specifically target cell-surface markers, because transmembrane proteins are notoriously difficult to express in recombinant form. We have previously shown that microfluidics offers many advantages for generating affinity reagents against purified protein targets, and we have now significantly extended this approach to achieve successful in vitro selection of T7 phage-displayed peptides that recognize markers expressed on live, adherent cells within a microfluidic channel. As a model, we have targeted neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), a membrane-bound receptor expressed at the surface of human prostate carcinoma cells that plays central roles in angiogenesis, cell migration, and invasion. We show that, compared to conventional biopanning methods, microfluidic selection enables more efficient discovery of peptides with higher affinity and specificity by providing controllable and reproducible means for applying stringent selection conditions against minimal amounts of target cells without loss. Using our microfluidic system, we isolate peptide sequences with superior binding affinity and specificity relative to the well known NRP-1-binding RPARPAR peptide. As such microfluidic systems can be used with a wide range of biocombinatorial libraries and tissue types, we believe that our method represents an effective approach toward efficient biomarker discovery from patient samples.
Transforaminal Epidural Clonidine Versus Corticosteroid for Acute Lumbosacral Radiculopathy due to Intervertebral Disc Herniation (2010)

In Brief We compared serial transforaminal epidural clonidine to triamcinolone in patients with acute radiculopathy due to disc herniation using a randomized trial design. Patients receiving triamcinolone showed greater functional improvement during the 1-month follow-up. No differences were noted in a number of other outcome measures.
Three-Phase to Four-Phase Transformer for Four-Phase Power Transmission Systems (2002)

A new three-phase to four-phase transformer with four-phase four-leg structure is first proposed, its electromagnetism principle is analyzed, and properties and features of the transformer are discussed. This transformer may be applicable to either four-phase transmission systems or autotransformer (AT) traction power supply systems in electric railways.
Plasma bone-specific alkaline phosphatase as an indicator of osteoblastic activity (1993)

The total plasma alkaline phosphatase level has long been recognised as an indicator of osteoblastic activity, but lack of specificity makes it an insensitive index of the progress of disease and the response to treatment. Selective precipitation by wheatgerm lectin allows measurement of the plasma bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. We measured the plasma levels of this isoenzyme in 170 normal Chinese adolescents and adults, in 49 adults with fractures of a long bone, in 15 patients with osteosarcoma and in 38 patients with osteolytic metastases. The enzyme activity was also determined in 39 patients with liver disease. Of the patients with fractures, 94% had increased plasma activity during the healing process. The level was also increased in those with osteosarcoma but not in those with osteolytic bone metastases. There was no significant increase in activity in the patients with liver disease. We conclude that the plasma bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity is a sensitive and reliable measure of osteoblastic activity.
Spontaneous deformation of protocatechuic acid crystals (1949)

Abstract In this paper an extensive study is reported of the very remarkable, and thus far apparently unique, case of the deformation in three dimensions of protocatechuic acid, to which attention was drawn many years ago by Otto Lehmann. The deformations are spontaneous, and are probably due to progressive gliding of the lattice planes, which exist in two configurations, one stable and the other unstable, the latter being the condition of the long prismatic rods when they first form. Such a prism presently deforms into a zigzag crystal, with stable and unstable sections in alternation which, with continuation of the deformation, becomes again straight, but now in the stable configuration. The bending is progressive, like that of an umbrella case, pendant from the end of an oblique cane pointed down, when the latter is pushed into it. The movements are so rapid that motion pictures, made with a microscope, were necessary for the observation of certain stages of the deformation. The deformations have been shown to many chemists and physicists during the past decade or more, none of whom had ever seen or heard of this remarkable type of crystal movement. The deformations are usually observed as the warm saturated solution cools, but they also occur after the crystal has been dried for many hours.
101 Basic computer games (1973)

Public domain per https://blog.adafruit.com/2022/06/16/david-ahl-places-all-his-classic-computing-publications-into-the-public-domain/