gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Method for Characterizing Thermoset Polyimides (1996)

Thermoset polyimides have great potential for successfully meeting tough stress and temperature challenges in the advanced aircraft development program. However, studies of structure-property relationships in these materials have not been very successful so far. Positron lifetime spectroscopy (PLS) has been used to investigate free volumes and associated parameters in a series of variable, segmental molecular weight samples. The free volume correlates well with the molecular weight M(sub c), the cross-link density v, and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of these materials. Currently, no other techniques are available for direct measurement of these parameters, particularly for polymers in solid phase. Experimental results and their interpretations are presented.
A New Approach to the Phase Behavior of Oppositely Charged Polymers and Surfactants (2002)

The complex salt (ionic surfactant + polymeric counterion) cetyltrimethylammonium polyacrylate (CTAPA) has been synthesized, and its aqueous mixtures with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) have been studied. These mixtures differ from conventional oppositely charged polymer/surfactant mixtures in that the conventional counterion of the polyion (usually sodium, for the polyacrylate) is absent, which simplifies the studies and their interpretation considerably. The phase diagram of the CTAPA/CTABr/water system at >20 wt % water and at 40 °C has been established, representing the first truly ternary phase diagram of an oppositely charged polymer/surfactant pair in water. The two dimensions of the phase diagram may be chosen as the water content (in weight percent) and the fraction of bromide counterions, xBr (in units of charge equivalents). The phase diagram is characterized by a large hexagonal phase (at low water contents and for all values of xBr), a small cubic phase (at 55 wt % water content and for xBr < 0.1), a narrow isotropic (micellar) phase (at high water contents and for xBr > 0.9), and a large multiphase region (at water contents >50 wt %) containing two or three of the cubic, hexagonal, or isotropic phases in coexistence. The cubic and hexagonal phases are connected to the corresponding phases that separate out from aqueous NaPA/CTABr mixtures. The maximum water uptake of the hexagonal phase is remarkably constant at ca. 50 wt % over a large CTAPA/CTABr composition range (xBr < 0.9). The study confirms previous conclusions that the polyacrylate counterions favor a higher aggregate curvature (leading to smaller aggregates) than do the bromide counterions.
A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicb reflection data (1986)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1986A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicb reflection dataAuthors: Albert TarantolaAlbert TarantolaInstitut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893017 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893017FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byElectromagnetic inverse scattering of two-dimensional perfectly conducting objects by real-coded genetic algorithmIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 39, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1986 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1986 Pages: 715 publication data© 1986 Copyright © 1986 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 07 Mar 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Albert Tarantola, (1986), "A strategy for nonlinear elastic inversion of seismicb reflection data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 527-530. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1893017 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Protein expression based multimarker analysis of breast cancer samples (2011)

We show that correlation network methods, which are primarily used to analyze the relationships between gene products, are also useful for analyzing the relationships between patients and for defining distinct patient groups based on TMA data. We identify a rule based on three tumor markers for predicting breast cancer survival outcomes.
Cocaine Dependence Severity Predicts Outcome in Outpatient Detoxification from Cocaine and Alcohol (2004)

This study compared the effects of alcohol and cocaine dependence severity on the outcome of outpatient detoxification from alcohol and cocaine. Subjects included 84 subjects with both alcohol and cocaine dependence admitted for outpatient detoxification. Fifty-three of the 84 subjects (63%) completed detoxification. Baseline cocaine use, cocaine craving, and cocaine withdrawal symptoms predicted detoxification outcome, whereas alcohol use, alcohol craving, and alcohol withdrawal symptoms did not. Among cocaine- and alcohol-dependent subjects, cocaine dependence severity appears to be a more important predictor of detoxification success than alcohol dependence severity.
Probiotics for Urogenital Health (2002)

Bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infection, and yeast vaginitis afflict an estimated 1 billion women each year. Once investigation has ruled out complicated underlying causes, the only therapeutic option is antimicrobial agents. In many cases, this is effective at clearing infection. However, recurrences, side effects, and secondary infections are frequent. Coinciding with infection is a disruption of the normal commensal microflora in the vagina, primarily a loss of lactobacilli. The exogenous application of lactobacilli to the host as probiotic agents appears to offer hope as an alternative management regimen to antimicrobial treatment and prophylaxis. Although commercial probiotics specifically selected and proven to be effective for urogenital infections are not yet available, there is growing in vitro and human data to suggest that certain strains could confer health benefits on a large number of women. Given that depleted vaginal lactobacilli and recurrent infection is associated with increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases and preterm labor, multiple antibiotic resistance, and significant reduction in quality of life, the need for probiotic therapeutics has never been greater.
On the chemical stability of post-lithiated garnet Al-stabilized Li<sub>7</sub>La<sub>3</sub>Zr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub>solid state electrolyte thin films (2016)

Garnet-based Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 has the potential to be used as a solid state electrolyte for future lithium microbattery architectures, due to its relatively high Li(+) conductivity and stability against Li. Through this work, a model experiment is presented in which the effect of post-lithiation on phase formation and chemical stability is studied for pulsed laser deposited Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 thin films on MgO substrates. We report the implications of the newly suggested post-lithiation route for films with thicknesses between 90 and 380 nm. The phase changes from cubic, to a mix of cubic and tetragonal Li7La3Zr2O12, to a cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 and La2Zr2O7 containing film is accompanied by a reduction in the degree of de-wetting as the thickness increases. This study reveals that the thicker, dense, and continuous films remain predominantly in a mixed phase containing cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 and the lithium free La2Zr2O7 phase whereas the thinner, de-wetted films exhibit improved lithium incorporation resulting in the absence of the lithium free phase. For tuning the electrical conductivity and effective use of these structures in future batteries, understanding this material system is of great importance as the chemical stability of the cubic Li7La3Zr2O12 phase in the thin film system will control its effective use. We report a conductivity of 1.2 × 10(-3) S cm(-1) at 325 °C for a 380 nm thick solid state electrolyte film on MgO for potential operation in future all solid state battery assemblies.
A Modular Software Infrastructure for Distributed Control of Collaborating UAVs (2006)

Collaborating unmanned aerial vehicles can e‐ciently perform surveillance, mapping, and other tasks without human risk. Currently deployed unmanned aerial vehicles demonstrate a need for increased autonomy and cooperation. We present a UAV software architecture and hardware platform that have demonstrated single-user control of a ∞eet of aircraft, distributed task assignment, and vision-based navigation. A modular software infrastructure has been developed to coordinate distributed control, communications, and vision-based control. Along with the onboard control architecture, a set of user interfaces has been developed to allow a single user to e‐ciently control the ∞eet of aircraft. Distributed and vision-based control are enabled by powerful onboard computing capability and an aircraft-to-aircraft ad-hoc wireless network. Custom modiflcations to the Sig Rascal airframe are required to support this capability, including reinforcement and vibration isolation. We describe original elements of the system that provide unique capabilities for collaboration, followed by results of a ∞ight demonstration.
Detection of low level HER-2/neu gene amplification in prostate cancer by fluorescence in situ hybridization. (2002)

In contrast to breast cancer, FISH detects HER-2/neu amplification in a substantial proportion of prostate cancers that do not overexpress HER-2/neuby IHC. Although the biologic significance of this finding is uncertain, it has implications for the direction of current and planned clinical trials of trastuzumab in advanced prostate cancer, including determination of patient eligibility.
"Vection field" for pedestrian traffic control (2011)

Public pathways, in areas such as stations and concert halls, can present pedestrian crowds with difficulties, for example, congestions and collisions (Figure 1-a). Although visual signs and audio cues are commonly used for smoother pedestrian flow, they are often ignored or neglected because they require some time to be understood. For more intuitive navigation, wearable devices have been proposed, some of which induce motion using a haptic device [Kojima et al. 2009] or vestibular stimuli [Maeda et al. 2005]. However, these personal navigation devices are not suitable for congestion scenarios because numerous devices are required for controlling pedestrian flow, which is quite impractical. In this paper, we propose a novel method to control pedestrian flow using an environmental visual cue, which is produced by the placement of large lenticular lenses on the floor.
Incoherent broad-band cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy of liquids (2005)

A new application of incoherent broad-band cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) to weak transitions in solution through a very straightforward modification of commercially available double-beam UV/VIS absorption spectrometers is reported. The improved sensitivity of the new approach is demonstrated on basis of the weak Franck–Condon inhibited absorption of the fifth C–H stretch overtone in liquid benzene. The theoretical limits of the enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio of IBBCEAS in comparison with single pass absorption experiments are discussed for a set of given experimental cavity parameters. The optical loss properties of a typical transparent cuvette window in the cavity are also discussed.
A Transformerless Energy Storage System Based on a Cascade Multilevel PWM Converter With Star Configuration (2008)

This paper describes a transformerless energy storage system based on a cascade multilevel pulsewidth modulation converter with star configuration. The system is intended for power leveling of renewable energy sources, as well as for improving power quality and reliability of a power distribution system. This paper pays attention to active-power control and voltage-balancing control that are indispensable for proper operation of the energy storage system. A 200-V 10-kW 8.8-kJ downscaled laboratory system is designed, constructed, and tested, replacing electric double-layer capacitors with large-capacity electrolytic capacitors. Experimental results obtained from the laboratory system verify the viability and effectiveness of the 6.6-kV energy storage system.
Erythrocyte-based drug delivery (2005)

The use of a physiological carrier to deliver therapeutics throughout the body to both improve their efficacy while minimising inevitable adverse side effects, is an extremely fascinating perspective. The behaviour of erythrocytes as a delivery system for several classes of molecules (i.e., proteins, including enzymes and peptides, therapeutic agents in the form of nucleotide analogues, glucocorticoid analogues) has been studied extensively as they possess several properties, which make them unique and useful carriers. Furthermore, the possibility of using carrier erythrocytes for selective drug targeting to differentiated macrophages increases the opportunities to treat intracellular pathogens and to develop new drugs. Finally, the availability of an apparatus that permits the encapsulation of drugs into autologous erythrocytes has made this technology available in many clinical settings and competitive with other drug delivery systems.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE PLATO COMPUTERIZED DOUBLE-AUCTION MARKET MECHANISM (1978)

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Cytokine response by monocytes and macrophages to free and lipoprotein-bound lipopolysaccharide (1990)

Recent evidence suggests that bacterial lipopolysaccharide binds to serum lipoproteins in vitro and in vivo and that lipopolysaccharide in the form that is bound to lipoprotein is less biologically active in several experimental models. In order to study the mechanism of this apparent detoxification, we compared the ability of free and lipoprotein-bound lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O18 to stimulate interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor from elicited murine peritoneal macrophages and circulating human monocytes. Lipopolysaccharide bound to lipoprotein was 20- to 1,000-fold less active than the unbound form in inducing the release of each cytokine. We also studied the binding of each form of lipopolysaccharide to the macrophage surface. Lipopolysaccharide complexed to lipoprotein was unable to compete for the binding of radiolabeled heterologous lipopolysaccharide to murine macrophages, and radiolabeled lipopolysaccharide-lipoprotein complexes bound poorly compared with molar equivalents of free lipopolysaccharide. Our experiments suggest that in the process of binding to lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharide may be rendered less toxic through a mechanism of decreased ability to induce monocytes and macrophages to release cytokines, perhaps because of an altered interaction at the cell surface.
Two Shope papillomavirus-associated VX2 carcinoma cell lines with different levels of keratinocyte differentiation and transplantability (1985)

Two cell lines, named VX2T and VX2R, were isolated from the transplantable VX2 carcinoma, a wholly anaplastic tumor established from a carcinoma induced by the Shope cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) (J.G. Kidd and P. Rous, J. Exp. Med. 71:813-838, 1940). The CRPV genome was found to be maintained and transcribed in both cell lines, as in the VX2 carcinoma. The VX2T cells retained the tumor-producing capacity in the rabbit and the low expression of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation of the VX2 tumor cells. The VX2R cells, although tumorigenic for nude mice, were no longer serially transplantable in the rabbit and expressed differentiated functions of keratinocytes. These data indicate that the anaplastic characteristic and the transplantability of VX2 carcinoma cells to immune competent allogenic hosts may be lost without any detectable modification of the physical state and transcription of the CRPV genome.
Ellipsometric determination of optical properties for ultrathin gate oxides (2003)

The silicon dioxide (SiO/sub 2/) layer thermally grown on a crystalline silicon is usually used in dielectric isolation of one device from another, acts as a component in MOS structures, and provides electrical isolation of multilevel metallization systems. The 1997 edition of the National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS) had envisioned the need for 3-4 nm gate oxides with a process tolerance of 4% at 180 nm technology node in 1999. The next technology node of 150 nm predicts gate oxides of 2 to 3 nm for the year 2001 with a process tolerance of 4%. An uncertainty of 1% is required at 95% or better confidence level. Because even a small degree of interfacial micro-roughness or nonuniformity can alter device performance, it is crucial to control the atomic scale structure. Ellipsometry is an optical technique that is widely used for the characterization of thin films. In recent articles, it was reported that, if the wavelength of a spectroscopic ellipsometer is adjusted to the antireflection condition where the s-polarized component of the incident light is transmitted through to the substrate with minimum reflected intensity, then an interface layer between the top layer and the substrate can strongly influence the antireflection condition established in the top layer. In this work, the experimental value of the phase shift and amplitude attenuation for oxide samples was obtained by a spectroscopic phase-modulated ellipsometer. To simulate the possibility of a non-abrupt interface an interlayer between the SiO/sub 2/ layer and the Si substrate was assumed. The dielectric function of the interlayer was obtained by evaluating the effective dielectric function of a physical mixture of SiO/sub 2/ and amorphous silicon (a-Si) in the Bruggeman effective medium approximation.
Learning effective search heuristics (1983)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) activates the transcription factors nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) in sympathetic neurons. Whereas NGF-inducible NF-kappaB is required for the survival of neurons, c-Jun has the ability to promote neuronal death. In this report, we have examined the effect of NGF withdrawal on c-Jun and NF-kappaB transcription factors in PC12 cells differentiated to a neuronal phenotype. We show that the withdrawal of NGF from these cultures results in de novo synthesis of c-Jun, increase in AP-1 activity, and down-regulation of NF-kappaB activity. To investigate how the signal transduction pathways activating c-Jun and NF-kappaB are differentially regulated by NGF, we performed transcriptional analyses. Expression of ReIA (NF-kappaB) suppressed the c-Jun-dependent transcription of c-jun, and this effect was reversed by overexpression of the coactivator p300. RelA's effects on c-Jun transcription were mediated by competitive binding of the carboxy-terminal region of RelA to the CH1 domain of p300, which also binds to c-Jun; deletion of this region abrogated the ability of RelA to inhibit c-Jun activity. Furthermore, the inhibition of endogenous NF-kappaB in NGF-maintained neuronal PC12 cells led to the induction of c-Jun synthesis and a marked increase in cell death. Together, these studies demonstrate a functional interaction between NF-kappaB and c-Jun and suggest a novel mechanism of NF-kappaB-mediated neuroprotection.
A theoretical analysis of natural convection towers for solar energy conversion (1983)

A theoretical study of solar-powered natural convection tower (chimney) performance is presented. Both heated and cooled towers are analyzed, the latter using evaporating water as the cooling mechanism. The results, which are applicable to any open-cycle configuration, show that the ideal conversion efficiencies of both heated and cooled natural convection towers are linear functions of height. The performance of a heated tower in an adiabatic atmospheric ideally approaches the Carnot efficiency limit of approx. 3.4%/km(1.0%/1000 ft). Including water pumping requirements, the ideal limit to cooled tower performance is approx. 2.75%/km(0.85%/1000 ft). Ambient atmospheric conditions such as vertical temperature gradient (lapse rate) and relative humidity can have significantly adverse effects on natural convection tower performance. The combined effects of lapse rate and ambient relative humidity are especially important for cooled natural convection towers.
Rapid Assembly of Multiple-Exon cDNA Directly from Genomic DNA (2007)

The "Genomic DNA Splicing" protocol avoids RNA preparation and reverse transcription steps, and the entire assembly process can be finished within hours. Since genomic DNA is more stable than RNA, it may be a more practical cloning strategy for many genes, especially the ones that are very large and difficult to generate a full length cDNA using oligo-dT primed reverse transcription. With this technique, we successfully cloned the full-length wild type coding sequence of human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, which is 2295 bp in length and composed of 10 exons.
Natural History of Perinatal Cytomegaloviral Infection (1980)

Epidemiological data presented here indicate that cytomegaloviral (CMV) infection is one of the most common perinatal infections found in human beings. Transmission to the offspring occurs in utero at birth and postnatally. Intrauterine infection results from primary or recurrent maternal involvement, the latter being more common in populations where infection is initially acquired during childhood or adolescence, such as in low socioeconomic settings. Congenital infection is usually subclinical with either type of maternal involvement but primary infection has a greater tendency to produce disease in the fetus. About 20% of the offspring infected in utero are damaged, infrequently with generalized disease, but more often with auditory involvement. The latter can develop in utero or postnatally and can be progressive. The major cause of recurrent maternal infection according to restriction enzyme analysis is reactivation of latent virus, which occurs in the face of substantial maternal humoral immunity, even with intrauterine transmission of virus. Reinfection by exogenous virus remains a lesser possibility for maternal recurrences. Even more commonly, CMV can be transmitted at birth from the infected maternal genital tract and postnatally through infected breast milk, especially in highly immune populations. With the possible exception of early pneumonia, these infections appear to be innocuous.
Records of the Turnpike trusts (1941)

Journal Article Records of the Turnpike trusts Get access Alan B. Anderson Alan B. Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 181, Issue 2, 12 July 1941, Pages 25–26, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/181.2.25 Published: 12 July 1941