gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Thoughts on the Future: Theory and Practice in Investment Management (2003)

Existing finance theory can be put into practice in ways that will greatly benefit clients—from individuals to pension funds to endowments.
First cases of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Norwegian seawater farmed Atlantic salmon, <i>Salmo salar</i> L., and phylogeny of the causative amoeba using 18S cDNA sequences (2008)

Abstract Amoebic gill disease (AGD) was observed in seawater farmed Atlantic salmon at four geographically distant locations on the western coast of Norway. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first detected AGD outbreaks in Norway. The outbreaks lasted for 7–12 weeks in late autumn 2006 and were for the most part concurrent. The crude, cumulative mortality was in the range of 12–20% at three farms and 82% at a fourth. The histopathology showed uniform parasomal amoebae in lesions characteristic for AGD. Another gill disease, proliferative gill inflammation (PGI), was also present to a variable degree and the distinction between the two gill problems is discussed. Seawater temperatures were 3.5 °C higher than average before disease outbreaks, which subsided in early winter. The geographical and time pattern of these outbreaks strongly indicates simultaneous infection from the marine environment. Two contiguous 18S cDNA sequences, obtained by reverse transcriptase PCR from gill tissue with AGD‐related lesions, showed highest similarity (99.2%) to a newly recognized species designated Neoparamoeba perurans and maximum likelihood analysis demonstrates that they represent Norwegian strains of this Neoparamoeba lineage.
Clinical practice guidelines for the care and treatment of breast cancer: 11. Lymphedema. (2001)

The steering committee was convened by Health Canada. COMPLETION DATE: October 2000.
A randomized trial to assess the efficacy of surgery in addition to radiotherapy in patients with a single cerebral metastasis (1996)

This trial failed to demonstrate that the addition of surgery to radiation therapy improved outcome of patients with a single brain metastasis. Thus, the efficacy of surgery plus radiation compared with radiation alone needs to be addressed by further clinical trials and/or a meta-analysis.
Identification of Novel Proteins Associated with Both α-Synuclein and DJ-1 (2006)

The molecular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease (PD) remain elusive, although many lines of evidence have indicated that alpha-synuclein and DJ-1, two critical proteins in PD pathogenesis, interact with each other functionally. The investigation on whether alpha-synuclein directly interacts with DJ-1 has been controversial. In the current study, we analyzed proteins associated with alpha-synuclein and/or DJ-1 with a robust proteomics technique called stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) in dopaminergic MES cells exposed to rotenone versus controls. We identified 324 and 306 proteins in the alpha-synuclein- and DJ-1-associated protein complexes, respectively. Among alpha-synuclein-associated proteins, 141 proteins displayed significant changes in the relative abundance (increase or decrease) after rotenone treatment; among DJ-1-associated proteins, 119 proteins displayed significant changes in the relative abundance after rotenone treatment. Although no direct interaction was observed between alpha-synuclein and DJ-1, whether analyzed by affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry or subsequent direct co-immunoprecipitation, 144 proteins were seen in association with both alpha-synuclein and DJ-1. Of those, 114 proteins displayed significant changes in the relative abundance in the complexes associated with alpha-synuclein, DJ-1, or both after rotenone treatment. A subset of these proteins (mortalin, nucleolin, grp94, calnexin, and clathrin) was further validated for their association with both alpha-synuclein and DJ-1 using confocal microscopy, Western blot, and/or immunoprecipitation. Thus, we not only confirmed that there was no direct interaction between alpha-synuclein and DJ-1 but also, for the first time, report these five novel proteins to be associating with both alpha-synuclein and DJ-1. Further characterization of these docking proteins will likely shed more light on the mechanisms by which DJ-1 modulates the function of alpha-synuclein, and vice versa, in the setting of PD.
Towards Fine-Grained Prosody Control for Voice Conversion (2019)

In a typical voice conversion system, prior works utilize various acoustic features (e.g., the pitch, voiced/unvoiced flag, aperiodicity) of the source speech to control the prosody of generated waveform. However, the prosody is related with many factors, such as the intonation, stress and rhythm. It is a challenging task to perfectly describe the prosody through acoustic features. To deal with this problem, we propose prosody embeddings to model prosody. These embeddings are learned from the source speech in an unsupervised manner. We conduct experiments on our Mandarin corpus recoded by professional speakers. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method enables fine-grained control of the prosody. In challenging situations (such as the source speech is a singing song), our proposed method can also achieve promising results.
Templated Synthesis of DNA Nanotubes with Controlled, Predetermined Lengths (2010)

We report a DNA-templated approach to construct nanotubes with controlled lengths and narrow molecular weight distribution, allowing the deliberate variation of this length. This approach relies on the facile and modular assembly of a DNA guide strand of precise length that contains single-stranded gaps repeating at every 50 nm. This is followed by positioning triangular DNA "rungs" on each of these single-stranded gaps and adding identical linking strands to the two other sides of the triangles to close the DNA nanotubes. The length of the guide strand can be deliberately changed. We show the use of this approach to produce nanotubes with lengths of 1 microm or 500 nm and narrow length distributions. This is in contrast to nontemplated approaches, which lead to long and polydisperse nanotubes. We also demonstrate the encapsulation of 20 nm gold nanoparticles within these well-defined nanotubes to form finite lines of gold nanoparticles with longitudinal plasmon coupling, with a number of potential nanophotonic applications. This guiding strand approach is a useful tool in the creation of DNA nanostructures, in this case allowing the use of a simple template generated by a minimal number of DNA strands to program the length and molecular weight distribution of assemblies, as well as to organize any number of DNA-labeled nano-objects into finite structures.
N-formylpeptide and complement C5a receptors are expressed in liver cells and mediate hepatic acute phase gene regulation. (1995)

Although the classical chemotactic receptor for complement anaphylatoxin C5a has been associated with polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytes, several recent studies have indicated that this receptor is expressed on nonmyeloid cells including human endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. In this study, we examined the possibility that other members of the chemotactic receptor family are expressed in HepG2 cells and human liver, and the possibility that such receptors mediate changes in acute phase gene expression in HepG2 cells. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of HepG2 mRNA with primers based on highly conserved regions of the chemotactic subgroup of the G protein-coupled receptor family, we identified a PCR fragment from the formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) receptor, as well as one from the C5a receptor. Immunostaining with antipeptide antisera to FMLPR confirmed the presence of this receptor in HepG2 cells. Receptor binding studies showed specific saturable binding of a radioiodinated FMLP analogue to HepG2 cells (Kd approximately 2.47 nM; R approximately 6 x 10(3) plasma membrane receptors per cell). In situ hybridization analysis showed the presence of FMLPR mRNA in parenchymal cells of the human liver in vivo. Both C5a and FMLP mediated concentration- and time-dependent changes in synthesis of acute phase proteins in HepG2 cells including increases in complement C3, factor B, and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, as well as concomitant decreases in albumin and transferrin synthesis. The effects of C5a and FMLP on the synthesis of these acute phase proteins was evident at concentrations as low as 1 nM, and they were specifically blocked by antipeptide antisera for the corresponding receptor. In contrast to the effect of other mediators of hepatic acute phase gene regulation, such as interleukin 6, the effects of C5a and FMLP were reversed by increased concentrations well above the saturation point of the respective receptor. These results suggest that acute phase gene regulation by C5a and FMLP is desensitized at high concentrations, a property that is unique among the several known mechanisms for hepatic acute phase gene regulation.
Taking A Closer Look at Domain Shift: Category-level Adversaries for Semantics Consistent Domain Adaptation (2018)

We consider the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation in semantic segmentation. The key in this campaign consists in reducing the domain shift, i.e., enforcing the data distributions of the two domains to be similar. A popular strategy is to align the marginal distribution in the feature space through adversarial learning. However, this global alignment strategy does not consider the local category-level feature distribution. A possible consequence of the global movement is that some categories which are originally well aligned between the source and target may be incorrectly mapped. To address this problem, this paper introduces a category-level adversarial network, aiming to enforce local semantic consistency during the trend of global alignment. Our idea is to take a close look at the category-level data distribution and align each class with an adaptive adversarial loss. Specifically, we reduce the weight of the adversarial loss for category-level aligned features while increasing the adversarial force for those poorly aligned. In this process, we decide how well a feature is category-level aligned between source and target by a co-training approach. In two domain adaptation tasks, i.e., GTA5 -> Cityscapes and SYNTHIA -> Cityscapes, we validate that the proposed method matches the state of the art in segmentation accuracy.
Does levodopa accelerate the pathologic process in Parkinson disease brain? (2011)

Chronic use of L-dopa in PD does not enhance progression of PD pathology as far as can be determined by our observations with SN neuronal counts and LB densities.
Hydrogeological Decision Analysis: 1. A Framework (1990)

Abstract This paper is the first in a four‐part series that describes the application of decision analysis to engineering design for projects in which the hydrogeological environment plays an important role. The methodology is well‐suited to the design of containment facilities at new waste‐management facilities, purge‐well networks in contaminant remediation applications, or drainage systems in geotechnical projects. It is based on a risk‐based philosophy of engineering design. It involves the coupling of three separate models: a decision model based on a risk‐cost‐benefit objective function, a simulation model for ground‐water flow and transport, and an uncertainty model that encompasses both geological uncertainty and parameter uncertainty. The approach can be used for the comparison of alternative engineered components of a system, for the design of monitoring systems, and for the assessment of data worth in the design of site investigation programs. This first paper lays the framework; the subsequent papers escribe how the methods can be applied in geotechnical and waste‐management applications.
The effect of the Capsicum annuum in the diet of broilers on the isolation and shedding rate of Salmonella paratyphoid (2010)

This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of giardiasis in sheep and carried out in seven different areas in AL – Diwaniya province. It was designed to investigate the effect of region, age, sex and months of the year on the infection ratios during the period from November 2006 to October 2007.In addition to study albendazole efficiency in treatment of giardiasis in sheep. A total (400) fecal samples has been collected from sheep, Results revealed that overall prevalence was (13.5%), The highest prevalence in sheep were (20%),(18.18%) in AL-Shamiya and Afak respectively, While the lowest (5.35%) was recorded in AL-Diwaniya center ,Which was significantly differ (p<0.05) .On the other hand the highest ratio was recorded in sheep (25.53%) on January, which was significantly higher (p<0.05) than (4.76%),(6.25%) on August and September respectively. Results showed higher prevalence rate were recorded in sheep less than 6 months of age as (21.78%), There were significantly higher (p<0.05) than that more than 6 months. There was no significant difference regarding the prevalence in different sex. Giardia parasite was found in diarrheic sheep as (22.91%) there was   significantly higher (p<0.05) than the non- diarrheic sheep. Oral treatment of giardiasis in sheep with albendazole at a dose of 20 mg/kg B.W. once daily for three consecutive days, showed that the drug was effective in reduction of cysts shedding with cure rates (99.37%), (97.41%),(96.07%) and (100%) in fourth, seventh, tenth, fourteenth days of treatment respectively, with no adverse reactions of the drug.
Will software ever work? (2001)

article Share on Will software ever work? Authors: Henry Lieberman MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MA MIT Media Lab, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Christopher Fry Bowstreet, Inc., Lynnfield, MA Bowstreet, Inc., Lynnfield, MAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 44Issue 3March 2001 pp 122–124https://doi.org/10.1145/365181.365236Published:01 March 2001Publication History 11citation1,483DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads1,483Last 12 Months433Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
On-demand QoS routing in multihop mobile networks (2002)

The emergence of nomadic applications have generated a lot of interest in next generation wireless network infrastructures which provide differentiated service classes. So it is important to study how the quality of service (QoS) should be guaranteed. To accomplish this, we develop an admission control scheme which can guarantee bandwidth for real-time applications in multihop mobile networks. In our scheme, a host need not discover and maintain any information of the network resources status on the routes to another host until a connection request is generated for the communication between the two hosts, unless the former host is offering its services as an intermediate forwarding station to maintain connectivity between two other hosts. This bandwidth guarantee feature is important for a mobile network to interconnect wired networks with QoS support. Our connection admission control scheme can also work in a standalone mobile ad hoc network for real-time applications. This control scheme contains end-to-end bandwidth calculation and bandwidth allocation. Under such a scheme, the source is informed of the bandwidth and QoS available to any destination in the mobile network. This knowledge enables the establishment of QoS connections within the mobile network and the efficient support of real time applications. In the case of an ATM interconnection, the bandwidth information can be used to carry out intelligent handoff between ATM gateways and/or to extend the ATM virtual circuit service to the mobile network with possible renegotiation of QoS parameters at the gateway. We examine via simulation the system performance in various QoS traffic flows and mobility environments. The "on-demand" feature enhances the performance in the mobile environment because the source can keep more connectivity with enough bandwidth to a receiver in the path-finding duration.
New Concepts for the Development and Use of Antifolates (1996)

Abstract Approximately one-third of all cases of colorectal carcinoma present in an advanced and, therefore, incurable stage. For these patients, the development of new chemotherapeutic strategies is of central importance. Biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) has resulted in approximately a twofold increase in activity of 5-FU. Recent preclinical investigations suggest that interferon can also modulate the activity of 5-FU and may result in enhanced response rates in patients. One of the critical mechanisms of resistance to 5-FU appears to be the acute induction in thymidylate synthase (TS) levels following therapy with inhibitors of this enzyme. This mechanism is based on a novel autoregulatory feedback pathway wherein the TS protein regulates its own translational efficiency. Regulatory function of the enzyme is dependent on its state of occupancy by either the physiologic ligands or inhibitors, including fluoropyrimidines and antifolates. Ongoing efforts are directed toward utilizing knowledge of this protein/messenger RNA interaction for therapeutic benefit. Given the importance of TS, our laboratory has developed antibodies capable of quantitating the levels of this enzyme in fresh or paraffin-embedded tissues. Preliminary investigations suggest that the level of TS has prognostic importance in patients with rectal carcinoma and may be used to predict responsiveness to fluoropyrimidine agents. Novel strategies utilizing dual modulation of 5-FU with leucovorin and interferon are under investigation in both the advanced and adjuvant disease settings. Emerging mechanistic concepts regarding TS, along with the development of new, more potent inhibitors will hopefully result in future therapeutic gains.
Structure of the Acid State of <i>Escherichia coli</i> Ribonuclease HI (1996)

Under acidic conditions Escherichia coli ribonuclease HI* (RNase H*) adopts a partially folded state with all of the properties of a molten globule. Using amide hydrogen exchange carried out under acid state conditions, followed by quenching and NMR detection on the native state, we have determined the residues that are responsible for the observed structure of the acid state. Although RNase H* is a mixed alpha + beta protein, a helical subdomain (helices A, D, and B) defines the structure of the acid state. This structure correlates with the rare higher energy conformations detected under native conditions and with data for the earliest intermediates populated in the kinetic folding pathway of the protein.
Rates of Reaction of Indoleacetic Acids with Horseradish Peroxidase Compound I and Their Dependence on the Redox Potentials (1996)

The rates of reaction of seven indole-3-acetic acid derivatives with horseradish peroxidase compound 1 at pH 5 were measured by stopped flow, and the reduction potentials and pKa of their radical cations were determined by pulse radiolysis. Reasonable correlation of these properties with Hammett substituent parameters was found, but not with Brown-Okamoto (theta +) parameters. The rates of reaction with compound I correlate well with the reduction potentials under the same conditions, with rates of reaction that increase by ca. 2.5 orders of magnitude with a 100 mV decrease in the reduction potential. This relationship is in agreement with that previously estimated for the reaction of compound I with phenols and anilines, suggesting that the rate of reaction depends solely on the reduction potential of the substrate radical, even for compounds of dissimilar structure.
Refractory seizures: Try additional antiepileptic drugs (after two have failed) or go directly to early surgery evaluation? (2009)

The goal of antiepileptic therapy is to achieve long-term seizure freedom with minimal or no adverse effects. Current evidence suggests that in many patients who have failed two appropriate antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) because of lack of efficacy, the chance of subsequent seizure freedom with further drug manipulation is low (reports ranging from as little as a few percent to nearly one-fourth of patients). Achieving this may require repeated drug manipulations. Surgery, in appropriately selected candidates, may render up to 70% of patients seizure-free when temporal resection is done, although frontal resection may have only a 25% yield. Both courses of actions (further drug trials and surgery) are associated with a plethora of potential adverse outcomes. Therefore, it is recommended that such patients be promptly referred to an epilepsy center for a comprehensive review of the diagnosis and management, which may include initial evaluation for surgery. Because presurgical evaluation and surgery itself may entail discomfort and risk, the decision to offer surgical treatment requires individual risk-benefit analysis that includes an assessment of possible success with additional trials of medication.
Intravenous Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke (2014)

URLs: http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials and http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: CTRI-ROVCTRI/2008/091/0004 and NCT0150177.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Additions of Amines to 5‐Methoxyfuran‐2(5H)‐one. An Efficient Synthesis of Amino Diols. (1988)

Abstract The methoxybutenolide (I), synthesized from 2‐formylfuran in 2 steps by photooxidation and methanolysis, reacts with the amines (II) to form the aminolactones (III).
Identifying Chaotropic and Kosmotropic Agents by Nanorheology (2018)

Chemical agents are classified into chaotropes (disorder inducing) and kosmotropes (order inducing) based on their ability to destabilize or stabilize, respectively, the structure of hydrated macromolecules and their solutions. Here, we examine the effect of such agents on the mechanical stiffness of the hydration layer of proteins, measured by nanorheology. We examine four different agents and conclude that chaotropic substances induce the overall softening of the protein-hydration layer system, whereas the kosmotropic substances induce stiffening. Specifically, with glucose and trifluoroethanol, two known kosmotropic agents, we observe the stiffening of the hydration layer. In contrast, with guanidine hydrochloride and urea, known kaotropic agents, we observe softening. Thus, the viscoelastic mechanics of the folded, hydrated protein provides an experimental measure of the effect that chaotropes and kosmotropes have on the dynamics.
Asynchronous Design Methodology for an Efficient Implementation of Low power ALU (2006)

The paper presents a design technique for implementing asynchronous ALUs with CMOS domino logic and delay insensitive dual rail four-phase logic. It ensures economy in silicon area and potentially for low power consumption. The design has been described and implemented to achieve high performance in comparison with the synchronous and available asynchronous design. The experimental result shows significant reduction in the number of transistors as well as delay