gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Persistent Current Operation of a Cryogen-Free NbTi Superconducting Magnet. (1997)

A cryocooler-cooled and thermally controlled type persistent current switch (PCS) using CuNi/NbTi superconductor for a cryogen-free superconducting magnet has been investigated. This PCS was combined with the cryogen-free NbTi superconducting magnet, and we succeeded in generating a magnetic field of 5.0T under persistent current operation. The PCS was covered with a thermal insulator and embedded in a copper cup with a cryogenic grease, and the copper cup was fixed to the second stage of the cryocooler. Heat transfer from the PCS to the cryocooler was controlled by a thermal insulator between the PCS and the copper cup, enabling the PCS to turn off with minimum power input. A practical PCS exhibited stable operation with 40mW of power input, and 18s and 100s of switching time from on-to-off and from off-to-on, respectively. When the magnet is energized, current sharing is induced to the PCS due to self inductance of the magnet. In order to reduce the self-heating of the PCS due to current sharing, enlargement of the off-resistivity of the PCS was important. The cryogen-free NbTi superconducting magnet with 52.6A/5T of constant magnetism and 59.6H of self-inductance was able to energize within 18min from 0T to 5T. The decreasing rate of generating 5T on persistent current operation was 39.5ppm/h (on average) in the initial 100h. This value corresponds well with the results of calculations based on an LR-circuit discharge due to the resistivity of soldered joints in the closed circuit.
Keratinocyte growth regulation by the products of immune cells. (1988)

We describe a bioassay that allows the in vitro investigation of the stimulatory and suppressive factors derived from immune cells in short-term cultures of human keratinocytes. In agreement with other assays, epidermal growth factor is not mitogenic for human keratinocytes. Supernatant fluid from human PBMC stimulated with Con A, from allo-MLRs, as well as supernatants from nonstimulated PBMC, possess growth-promoting molecules. Our results show that both activated and nonactivated T cells release growth factors. Suppressive molecules are produced preferentially by monocyte cultures. Two T cell products, IFN-gamma and transforming growth factor beta are both inhibitory for keratinocyte proliferation. Two other T cell products, IL-3 and GM-CSF, stimulate keratinocyte proliferation at nanogram concentrations. These results suggest the existence of regulatory circuits between the T cells of a dermal inflammatory infiltrate and the overlying epidermal keratinocytes. This may determine the fine control of epidermal proliferation and turnover leading either to enhanced wound repair or skin pathology.
HLSIM—a new hierarchical logic simulator and netlist converter (1992)

HLSIM is a hierarchical logic simulator that can deal with nested models. HLSIM is intended to simulate large VLSI circuits, including chips. The authors discuss two aspects of the simulator, as an analog-to-digital netlist converter and as a new digital simulator. As a converter, it takes a hierarchical analog ASTAP netlist and supplementary files for the leaf models and creates a digital model of the VLSI circuit. The simulator is discussed in terms of use and features, including how special cases such as emitter and collector dots and differential pairs are handled. Various examples of simulations are given. >
High-level DSP synthesis using concurrent transformations, scheduling, and allocation (1995)

This paper addresses high-level synthesis methodologies for dedicated digital signal processing (DSP) architectures used in the iterative Loop-based Minnesota Architecture Synthesis (MARS) design system. We present a novel concurrent scheduling and resource allocation algorithm which exploits inter-iteration and intra-iteration precedence constraints. The novel algorithm implicitly performs algorithmic transformations, such as pipelining and retiming, on the data-flow graphs during the scheduling process to produce solutions which are as good as those previously published and which executes in less time. MARS is capable of producing optimal and near-optimal schedules in fractions of seconds. Previous synthesis systems have focused on DSP algorithms which have single or lumped delays in the recursive loops. In contrast, MARS is capable of generating valid architectures for algorithms which have randomly distributed delays. MARS exploits these delays to produce more efficient architectures and allows our system to be more general. We are able to synthesize architectures which meet the iteration bound of any algorithm by unfolding, retiming, and pipelining the original data-flow graph.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Bilayered silk/silk-nanoCaP scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering: In vitro and in vivo assessment of biological performance (2014)

Novel porous bilayered scaffolds, fully integrating a silk fibroin (SF) layer and a silk-nano calcium phosphate (silk-nanoCaP) layer for osteochondral defect (OCD) regeneration, were developed. Homogeneous porosity distribution was achieved in the scaffolds, with calcium phosphate phase only retained in the silk-nanoCaP layer. The scaffold presented compressive moduli of 0.4MPa in the wet state. Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (RBMSCs) were cultured on the scaffolds, and good adhesion and proliferation were observed. The silk-nanoCaP layer showed a higher alkaline phosphatase level than the silk layer in osteogenic conditions. Subcutaneous implantation in rabbits demonstrated weak inflammation. In a rabbit knee critical size OCD model, the scaffolds firmly integrated into the host tissue. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed that collagen II positive cartilage and glycosaminoglycan regeneration presented in the silk layer, and de novo bone ingrowths and vessel formation were observed in the silk-nanoCaP layer. These bilayered scaffolds can therefore be promising candidates for OCD regeneration.
Stress-Induced versus Preovulatory and Pregnancy Hormonal Levels in Modulating Cytokine Production following Whole Blood Stimulation (2005)

Estradiol, progesterone, prolactin and cortisol concentrations are substantially increased during pregnancy. Also, cortisol and prolactin levels are elevated during stress. In the present study, we exposed peripheral blood to estradiol, progesterone, prolactin and cortisol alone or in combination for 24 h before stimulation with T-dependent (phytohemagglutinin, PHA) and independent activators (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) to study their immunomodulatory role in interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and IL-10 production in a whole blood model. This should be similar to in vivo exposure conditions such as long-term stress, preovulatory or pregnancy periods. The present study showed that the stress-induced and preovulatory levels of prolactin and estradiol, respectively, increased the production of IFN-gamma and IL-12 levels (and IL-10 in the case of estradiol) in PHA + LPS-stimulated whole blood, and inhibited a hydrocortisone (100 nmol/l) suppressive effect on IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-10 productions. In LPS-stimulated whole blood, however, prolactin enhanced only IL-10 production levels in a non-concentration-dependent manner. Higher prolactin levels as in pregnancy did not modulate any of the cytokines, but pregnancy estradiol concentrations only induced higher IL-10 levels in PHA + LPS-stimulated whole blood. All progesterone levels tested revealed no effect on any of the cytokines following whole blood stimulation. Our results indicate that (1) a long exposure time of prolactin and estradiol to whole blood modulates the production of cytokines in a concentration- and stimulus-dependent manner; (2) stress-induced levels of prolactin and preovulatory estradiol concentrations can regulate cortisol-induced cytokine suppression, and (3) even though the cytokine pattern is different, pregnancy estradiol and cortisol levels decreased the IFN-gamma/IL-10 ratio, thereby keeping the anti-inflammatory IL-10 levels favored during pregnancy, which could be useful in regulating inflammatory-mediated autoimmune diseases.
LA INTOLERANCIA POLÍTICA COMO PROTAGONISTA DEL CONFLICTO GOBIERNO Y MEDIOS ZULIANOS (2012)

El artículo tiene como propósito establecer las consecuencias de la intolerancia política desde la perspectiva del ejercicio periodístico en el Zulia se realizó bajo un esquema descriptivo, de campo con un diseño no experimental-transeccional, durante el período 2009-2011. Utilizando como población 30 jefes y coordinadores de los medios impresos (Panorama, La Verdad, El Regional del Zulia, Diario Versión Final). En el análisis de los resultados se evidenció que más del 50% de los periodistas objeto de estudio establecieron que las consecuencias de la intolerancia política sobre el ejercicio periodístico son la inseguridad, temor a la crítica,<br> entorno informativo exclusivo, autocensura y difamación. El instrumento utilizado es un cuestionario con ítems con tendencia negativa representados por una escala de likert. Los datos se procesaron en forma manual, los resultados se analizaron cuantitativamente y cualitativamente. Finalmente, se ponen recomendaciones en pro del fortalecimiento de las vías de comunicación para mejorar las consecuencias que está teniendo en el oficio del ejercicio periodístico.
Considerations for Automating the Dissolution Test (2013)

A primary challenge for the pharmaceutical laboratory is to maximize throughput with optimum compliance. A technique-dependent test like dissolution is a primary target for implementing varying levels of automation, from semiautomated sampling equipment to fully robotic systems. Instrumentation flexibility will be required in the laboratory of the future to minimize the potential for error caused by manual intervention and to fully utilize the dissolution apparatus with automated sampling and onand offline UV or HPLC analytical systems. This article offers suggestions for determining the level of automation needed to obtain peak performance based on the product(s), laboratory requirements, and regulatory compliance associated with laboratory automation.
Variations in the feedback of hearing aids (1999)

Variations in the loop response of hearing aids caused by jaw movements, variations in acoustics outside the ear, and variations of vent size have been identified. Behind The Ear (BTE) and In The Ear Canal (ITEC) hearing aids were considered. The largest variations among the variations of the acoustics outside the ear, except when the hearing aid was partly removed, were found with the ITEC when a telephone set was placed by the ear. The variations of the loop response caused by changes in vent size were compared with the variations of a theoretical model of the feedback path. The theoretical model was also used to compare the feedback of different designs of the vent that gives the same acoustic impedance at low frequencies. The calculated feedback was less with the short vents (12 mm) than the long vents (24 mm).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Neuroleptic Activity of a Series of 1‐(1‐(Benzo‐1,4‐dioxan‐2‐ylmethyl)‐4‐piperidinyl)benzimidazolone Derivatives. (1987)

Abstract The 6‐ and 7‐fluoro analogues (VIII) of the key intermediates (X) are synthesized from the corresponding fluorophenols (I) as outlined in the reaction scheme.
Low rank channel estimation for space-time coded wideband OFDM systems (2002)

To provide high-speed data transmission for the next generation wireless communication systems employing multiple transmit antennas, a space-time coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system has previously been proposed as a promising and efficient approach with both transmit diversity and high coding gains. In this paper, we study the channel estimation for spacetime coded OFDM using least squares (LS) and minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) criteria. In particular, the MSE bounds are given for the temporal channel estimations. By assuming that the channel frequency response is quasi-static over two consecutive OFDM symbols, a low rank Wiener filter based channel estimator is proposed. This significantly reduces the computation complexity while retaining accurate frequency domain channel estimation. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the performance of the low-rank frequency-domain channel estimation for space-time coded OFDM systems.
Liver segment approximation in CT data for surgical resection planning (2004)

Surgical planning of liver tumor resections requires detailed three-dimensional (3D) understanding of the complex arrangement of vasculature, liver segments and tumors. Knowledge about location and sizes of liver segments is important for choosing an optimal surgical resection approach and predicting postoperative residual liver capacity. The aim of this work is to facilitate such surgical planning process by developing a robust method for portal vein tree segmentation. The work also investigates the impact of vessel segmentation on the approximation of liver segment volumes. For segment approximation, smaller portal vein branches are of importance. Small branches, however, are difficult to segment due to noise and partial volume effects. Our vessel segmentation is based on the original gray-values and on the result of a vessel enhancement filter. Validation of the developed portal vein segmentation method in computer generated phantoms shows that, compared to a conventional approach, more vessel branches can be segmented. Experiments with in vivo acquired liver CT data sets confirmed this result. The outcome of a Nearest Neighbor liver segment approximation method applied to phantom data demonstrates, that the proposed vessel segmentation approach translates into a more accurate segment partitioning.
Quartz Cementation in Sandstones (2000)

IntroductionQuartz Cementation In Oil Field Sandstones: A Review Of The Key ControversiesThe Origins Of Large-Scale Quartz CementationModelling Quartz Cementation And Porosity In Reservoirs Sandstones - Examples From The Norwegian Continental ShelfRelated Quartz And Illite Cementation In The Brent Sandstones: A Modelling ApproachThe Different Processes Involved In The Mechanism Of Pressure Solution In Quartz-Rich Rocks And Their InteractionsA Test Of Hypotheses Regarding Quartz Cementation In Sandstones: A Quantitative Image Analysis ApproachQuantification Of Detrital, Authigenic And Porosity Components Of The Fontainbleau Sandstone: A Comparison Of Conventional Optical And Combined Scanning Electron Microscope Based Methods Of Modal AnalysesEffects Of Wettability On Quartz Cementation In Oil FieldsExperimental And Field Constraints On The Role Of Silica-Organic Complexation And Silica-Microbial Interactions During Sediment DiagenesisMicrostructure Of Deformed And Nondeformed Sandstones From The North Sea: Implications For The Origins Of Quartz Cement In SandstonePetrophysical And Petrographical Analysis Of Quartz Cement Across Oil-Water Contacts In The Magnus Field, Northern North SeaQuartz Cementation In Cretaceous And Jurassic Reservoir Sandstones From The Salam Oil Field, Western Egypt: Constraints On Temperature And Timing Of Formulation From Fluid InclusionsRegional Loss Of Si02 And Cac03 And Gain Of K20 During Burial Of Gulf Coast Mudrocks USAQuartz Cement: The Miller's TaleQuartz Cement Origins And Budget In The Tumblagooda Sandstone, Western AustraliaInfluence Of Uplift And Magnetism On Distribution Of Quartz And Illite Cementation: Evidence From Siluro-Devonian Sandstone Of The Parana Basin, BrazilPolyphased Quartz Cementation And Its Sources: A Case Study From The Upper Palaeozoic Haushi Group Sandstone, Sultanate Of OmanThe Porosity-Preserving Effects Of Microcrystalline Coatings In Arentic SandstonesHigh Temperature Quartz Cement And The Role Of Stylotites In A Deep Gas Reservoir, Spiro Sandstone, Arkoma Basin, USAOxygen Isotope Analysis Of Authigenic Quartz In Sandstones: A Comparison Of Ion Microprobe And Conventional Analytical TechniquesTrace Element Composition Of Quartz Cement
Neutrophil oxygen radical generation. Synergistic responses to tumor necrosis factor and mono/polyunsaturated fatty acids. (1996)

In inflammatory reactions there are complex interactions of protein mediators (cytokines) and mediators derived from lipids. An important event in inflammation is superoxide production, in relation to microbicidal activity as well as tissue damage. We have studied interactions of lipid mediators with a cytokine mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) in stimulating superoxide production by human neutrophils for this reason and because it throws light on intracellular signals activating this response. Pretreatment of neutrophils with TNF markedly augmented the amount of superoxide produced in response to AA but not to either a 20 carbon saturated fatty acid, or the hydroxy- or hydroperoxy-derivatives of AA. Not only were other polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosapentanoic, docosahexaenoic, linolenic, linoleic acid) as effective as AA but so was the monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid. Indeed TNF primed the neutrophils for an increased response to a major mediator of inflammation, leukotriene B4, which is a product of AA metabolism via the lipoxygenase pathway. The data demonstrate that two major types of mediators generated during an inflammatory response have synergistic action on neutrophils in the generation of reactive oxygen species. In contrast, neutrophils primed with TNF and challenged with PGE2, a product of AA metabolism via the cyclooxygenase pathway, showed a reduced chemiluminescence response. This identifies an important interaction between unsaturated lipids and cytokines which is likely to play a critical role in disease processes and nutrient modulation of the immune responses.
MLL Genomic Breakpoint Distribution Within the Breakpoint Cluster Region in De Novo Leukemia in Children (1998)

Suggested trends warranting investigation in more patients were breakpoint sites in the 3' bcr in AML and in patients older than 12 months. The distribution of MLL genomic breakpoints within the bcr in de novo leukemia in children is distinct from that in adults, where the breakpoints cluster in the 5' portion of the bcr.
A demodulation complexity reduction method using M-algorithm for high compaction multi-carrier modulation systems (2005)

This paper proposes a demodulation method for high compaction multi-carrier modulation (HC-MCM) using the M-algorithm to reduce the calculation complexity for data recovering in the receiver. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by the amount of Euclidean distance calculations in comparison with the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). The bit-error rate (BER) characteristics of HC-MCM systems using proposed demodulation method are demonstrated by computer simulations in the presence of Gaussian noise. Performance of the HC-MCM using proposed demodulation method is also evaluated over a 2-path equal power Rayleigh fading channel. As a result, it is shown that the calculation complexity for 8 subcarriers is reduced to 0.6% in comparison with the MLE, and BER performance is not degraded even when the proposed system gives 64% increase of spectral efficiency in comparison with OFDM. In addition to those good properties, it is shown here that the proposed system is available over a wideband fading channel using a guard time interval.
Oral administration of Capsaicin, a ligand of VR1, can modulate dendritic cell population and induces CD4+FoxP3- Tr-1 cells in the GALT (178.14) (2012)

Abstract VR1 is a non-selective cation channel, highly expressed by sensory neurons and cells of the immune system e.g. dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Capsaicin (CP), the pungent component of chili peppers is a chemical ligand of VR1. We have recently reported that oral administration of CP inhibits proliferation and activation of auto-reactive T cells and protects mice from development of Type-1 diabetes (T1D) in a dose dependent manner. Here we demonstrate that orally administered CP can lead to an increase in IL-27 producing DCs, and IL10 producing CD4+/FoxP3- T cells (Tr1) but decrease in the frequency of CD4+/IL17+ T cells (TH17) in the pancreatic lymph node (PLN). We also demonstrate that splenocytes and PLN cells when adoptively transferred from capsaicin fed mouse to a naïve NOD mouse leads to protection of the recipient mouse from T1D. Our results thus demonstrate that engagement of VR1 on immune cells can have profound effect on gut mediated immune tolerance and autoimmunity.
Generalized TM Dual-Mode Cavity Filters (2011)

A new cavity arrangement, namely, the generalized TM dual-mode cavity, is presented in this paper. In contrast with the previous contributions on TM dual-mode filters, the generalized TM dual-mode cavity allows the realization of both symmetric and asymmetric filtering functions, simultaneously exploiting the maximum number of finite frequency transmission zeros. The high design flexibility in terms of number and position of transmission zeros is obtained by exciting and exploiting a set of nonresonating modes. Five structure parameters are used to fully control its equivalent transversal topology. The relationship between structure parameters and filtering function realized is extensively discussed. The design of multiple cavity filters is presented along with the experimental results of a sixth-order filter having six asymmetrically located transmission zeros.
Transfer of multiple drug resistance plasmids between bacteria of diverse origins in natural microenvironments (1994)

Plasmids harboring multiple antimicrobial-resistance determinants (R plasmids) were transferred in simulated natural microenvironments from various bacterial pathogens of human, animal, or fish origin to susceptible strains isolated from a different ecological niche. R plasmids in a strain of the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae O1 E1 Tor and a bovine Escherichia coli strain were conjugated to a susceptible strain of the fish pathogenic bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in marine water. Conjugations of R plasmids between a resistant bovine pathogenic E. coli strain and a susceptible E. coli strain of human origin were performed on a hand towel contaminated with milk from a cow with mastitis. A similar conjugation event between a resistant porcine pathogenic E. coli strain of human origin was studied in minced meat on a cutting board. Conjugation of R plasmids between a resistant strain of the fish pathogenic bacterium A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and a susceptible E. coli strain of human origin was performed in raw salmon on a cutting board. R plasmids in a strain of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and a human pathogenic E. coli strain were conjugated to a susceptible porcine E. coli strain in porcine feces. Transfer of the different R plasmids was confirmed by plasmid profile analyses and determination of the resistance pattern of the transconjugants. The different R plasmids were transferred equally well under simulated natural conditions and under controlled laboratory conditions, with median conjugation frequencies ranging from 3 x 10(-6) to 8 x 10(-3). The present study demonstrates that conjugation and transfer of R plasmids is a phenomenon that belongs to the environment and can occur between bacterial strains of human, animal, and fish origins that are unrelated either evolutionarily or ecologically even in the absence of antibiotics. Consequently, the contamination of the environment with bacterial pathogens resistant to antimicrobial agents is a real threat not only as a source of disease but also as a source from which R plasmids can easily spread to other pathogens of diverse origins.