gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Social Recommendations for Events (2013)

Due to an abundance of available events, selecting the most interesting events and deciding who to invite to attend these events becomes increasingly difficult. This paper describes the Outlife recommender, which assists in finding the ideal event by providing recommendations based on the user’s personal preferences. For each event recommendation, the Outlife recommender suggests a group of friends to invite to the event. Conversely, the user can select a group of friends and receive group recommendations based on the preferences of all group members. Compared to traditional group recommenders, which assume the group composition is available as input, the Outlife recommender automatically composes the user’s groups of best friends based on interaction behavior. A user evaluation showed that the composition of groups of friends is accurate and that the offered recommendations match the user’s preferences.
Surface Modification of 3D Printed PLA Objects by Fused Deposition Modeling: A Review (2019)

Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are very popular as a thermoplastic source used in the 3D printing field by the “Fused Deposition Modeling” method in the last decade. The PLA market is expected to reach 5.2 billion US dollars in 2020 for all of its industrial uses. On the other hand, 3D printing is an expanding technology that has a large economic potential in many industries where PLA is one of the main choices as the source polymer due to its ease of printing, environmentally friendly nature, glossiness and multicolor appearance properties. In this review, we first reported the chemical structure, production methods, general properties, and present market of the PLA. Then, the chemical modification possibilities of PLA and its use in 3D printers, present drawbacks, and the surface modification methods of PLA polymers in many different fields were discussed. Specifically, the 3D printing method where the PLA filaments are used in the extrusion-based 3D printing technologies is reviewed in this article. Many methods have been proposed for the permanent surface modifications of the PLA where covalent attachments were formed such as alkaline surface hydrolysis, atom transfer polymerization, photografting by UV light, plasma treatment, and chemical reactions after plasma treatment. Some of these methods can be applied for surface modifications of PLA objects obtained by 3D printing for better performance in biomedical uses and other fields. Some recent publications reporting the surface modification of 3D printed PLA objects were also discussed.
Overview of DBMS: a high performance database management system (1987)

This paper presents ADMS, a high performance Relational Database Management System that supports intelligent cache techniques for access paths in the database. ADMS improves the database access performance by building an integrated memory of search paths and short-cuts. This is based on a new concept of incremental learning that allows the system to acquire knowledge about access obtained from previous search. Benchmark results comparing the speeds of conventional DBMSs with ADMS are included.
Generation of easily accessible human kidney tubules on two‐dimensional surfaces in vitro (2010)

The generation of tissue-like structures in vitro is of major interest for various fields of research including in vitro toxicology, regenerative therapies and tissue engineering. Usually 3D matrices are used to engineer tissue-like structures in vitro, and for the generation of kidney tubules, 3D gels are employed. Kidney tubules embedded within 3D gels are difficult to access for manipulations and imaging. Here we show how large and functional human kidney tubules can be generated in vitro on 2D surfaces, without the use of 3D matrices. The mechanism used by human primary renal proximal tubule cells for tubulogenesis on 2D surfaces appears to be distinct from the mechanism employed in 3D gels, and tubulogenesis on 2D surfaces involves interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The process is induced by transforming growth factor-β(1), and enhanced by a 3D substrate architecture. However, after triggering the process, the formation of renal tubules occurs with remarkable independence from the substrate architecture. Human proximal tubules generated on 2D surfaces typically have a length of several millimetres, and are easily accessible for manipulations and imaging, which makes them attractive for basic research and in vitro nephrotoxicology. The experimental system described also allows for in vitro studies on how primary human kidney cells regenerate renal structures after organ disruption. The finding that human kidney cells organize tissue-like structures independently from the substrate architecture has important consequences for kidney tissue engineering, and it will be important, for instance, to inhibit the process of tubulogenesis on 2D surfaces in bioartificial kidneys.
[Medical and social aspects of the question of noise in hospitals]. (1969)

An analysis is made of the part played by noise in modern life and attention is drawn to its harmful effects from the social point of view. An account is given of the essential principles of acoustics and of the main effects of noise on human physiopathology. Attention is then given to the specific question of the effect of both internal and external noise on both patients and staff in hospitals. Principles to be applied in the rational prevention of disturbances due to noise are suggested and stress is laid on the importance of improved social and health education in this respect.
A New Class of Platinum(II) Vapochromic Salts (2004)

Luminescent chloride and hexaflurophosphate salts of Pt(Me2bzimpy)Cl+ (Me2bzimpy = 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine) are reported. As solids, both compounds are vapochromic, undergoing pronounced and reversible changes of color and emission in the presence of volatile organic compounds. The chloride salt responds to vapors of methanol, chloroform, ethanol, and acetonitrile, undergoing a distinct change in color from yellow to red within seconds. The PF6- salt responded selectively to acetonitrile vapor, changing from yellow to violet while sorbing 1.0 +/- 0.1 equiv. For either salt, leaving vapor-exposed samples in air for several days or heating for several minutes restored the original color. UV-visible absorption spectra and solid-state room temperature and 77 K emission spectra are reported, and the accumulated data are consistent with a decrease in Pt...Pt separation accompanying vapor sorption.
Epidemiological study of infantile rotavirus diarrhoea in Tananarive (Madagascar). (1993)

An epidemiological study of rotavirus infections was conducted in Tananrive, Madagascar, from November 1988 to October 1990. Rotavirus antigen was detected by ELISA in faecal specimens of 183 of 1,659 children with acute diarrhoea (11%) and in 11 of 631 specimens from children without diarrhoea (1.7%). Rotaviral diarrhoeas were most frequently found in infants aged 6 to 18 months and occurred throughout the year with a definite peak during the first winter months. Analysis of the viral RNA by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis permitted the characterisation of 170 and 194 strains identified. Nine different electropherotypes (A-I) and one mixed infection were observed. The "short" electropherotypes (A-E) were predominant and represented 140 strains (82.4%), and the "long" electropherotypes (F-I and M) represented 30 strains (17.6%). The "short" electropherotype A (cafb) was the most frequent in our environment (45.3% of cases) and was predominant during the first 14 months of the study. The "long" electropherotype F (bbea) appeared in July 1990 and was predominant during the last three months. Among these children with diarrhoea, the presence of rotavirus was significantly associated with vomiting, fever, and moderate to severe dehydration. However, no significant differences in the occurrence of these symptoms were found between the "short" and "long" electropherotypes.
Late Effects of Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer (1992)

Late effects after radiotherapy for breast cancer include radiation induced malignancy and changes in irradiated tissues leading to e.g. edema of the arm, decreased mobility of the shoulder joint, brachial plexus neuropathy, pulmonary fibrosis, telangiectasia or atrophic ulceration of the skin. While radiation-induced malignancy depends on the volume of tissue irradiated and the total dose, other late effects are also fractionation dependent. Several reports have shown increased rates of such late effects after changes of the fractionation schedule which should be isoeffective according to the mathematical models commonly used to predict early effects. Although knowledge of the relation between total dose, number of fractions and radiation effects in late responding tissues has increased, extrapolations from the models should be used cautiously. The dose-response curve seems to be steeper for late effects than for tumour control. The possibility of late effects should be included in the decision as to when and how to treat breast cancer with radiotherapy.
Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids (2010)

Considerable evidence demonstrates that manipulation of the endocannabinoid system regulates nausea and vomiting in humans and other animals. The anti-emetic effect of cannabinoids has been shown across a wide variety of animals that are capable of vomiting in response to a toxic challenge. CB(1) agonism suppresses vomiting, which is reversed by CB(1) antagonism, and CB(1) inverse agonism promotes vomiting. Recently, evidence from animal experiments suggests that cannabinoids may be especially useful in treating the more difficult to control symptoms of nausea and anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy patients, which are less well controlled by the currently available conventional pharmaceutical agents. Although rats and mice are incapable of vomiting, they display a distinctive conditioned gaping response when re-exposed to cues (flavours or contexts) paired with a nauseating treatment. Cannabinoid agonists (Δ(9) -THC, HU-210) and the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor, URB-597, suppress conditioned gaping reactions (nausea) in rats as they suppress vomiting in emetic species. Inverse agonists, but not neutral antagonists, of the CB(1) receptor promote nausea, and at subthreshold doses potentiate nausea produced by other toxins (LiCl). The primary non-psychoactive compound in cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD), also suppresses nausea and vomiting within a limited dose range. The anti-nausea/anti-emetic effects of CBD may be mediated by indirect activation of somatodendritic 5-HT(1A) receptors in the dorsal raphe nucleus; activation of these autoreceptors reduces the release of 5-HT in terminal forebrain regions. Preclinical research indicates that cannabinioids, including CBD, may be effective clinically for treating both nausea and vomiting produced by chemotherapy or other therapeutic treatments.
Feature Extraction via Multiresolution Analysis for Short-Term Load Forecasting (2005)

The importance of short-term load forecasting has been increasing lately. With deregulation and competition, energy price forecasting has become a big business. Bus-load forecasting is essential to feed analytical methods utilized for determining energy prices. The variability and nonstationarity of loads are becoming worse, due to the dynamics of energy prices. Besides, the number of nodal loads to be predicted does not allow frequent interactions with load forecasting experts. More autonomous load predictors are needed in the new competitive scenario. This paper describes two strategies for embedding the discrete wavelet transform into neural network-based short-term load forecasting. Its main goal is to develop more robust load forecasters. Hourly load and temperature data for North American and Slovakian electric utilities have been used to test the proposed methodology.
Solar cell as a heat engine: energy–entropy analysis of photovoltaic conversion (2008)

Abstract A thermodynamic theory for the voltage or free energy generated by a quantum solar energy converter which has recently been proposed, is developed here in a more direct and simpler way. We consider separately the luminescence and conversion of a single photon of the incident radiation. The energy/entropy balance for the conversion process yields an expression for the voltage in a form familiar from the classical thermodynamics of the work carried out by the heat engine. A similar balance for the absorption and emission of light gives an expression for the irreversible entropy generation which reduces the open circuit voltage generated by the solar cell. Detailed expressions for losses due to individual mechanisms, including non‐radiative recombination, are obtained with the use of an approximation where photons in the incident and emitted beams are modelled as an ideal two‐dimensional gas. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Three-dimensional culture model to distinguish normal from malignant human bronchial epithelial cells (2013)

In the present study, we have developed an in vitro three-dimensional model to differentiate normal lung cells from lung cancer cells in order to study the mechanisms resulting in lung cancer. Using a reconstituted laminin-rich basement membrane (Matrigel), we were able to culture normal human bronchial epithelial cells and a subset of malignant cells. The two cell types can be readily distinguished by the ability of normal cells to express a structurally and functionally differentiated phenotype within Matrigel. Human bronchial epithelial cells embedded in Matrigel as single cells were able to form multi-cellular spherical colonies with a final size close to that of true acini in situ. Sections of mature spheres revealed a central lumen surrounded by polarised epithelial cells. In contrast, none of malignant cells tested, cell lines and lung biopsies responded to basement membrane by lumen formation. These results demonstrated that this in vitro glandular tumour model can be useful for studies of bronchial oncogene. Indeed, these findings may provide the basis for a rapid assay to discriminate normal human bronchial epithelial cells from their malignant counterparts. In conclusion, the three-dimensional tumour bronchial epithelial acinar-like sphere represents a novel in vitro model to further investigate pathophysiological functions resulting in lung cancer.
The kinematics of hyper-redundant robot locomotion (1995)

This paper considers the kinematics of hyper-redundant (or "serpentine") robot locomotion over uneven solid terrain, and presents algorithms to implement a variety of "gaits". The analysis and algorithms are based on a continuous backbone curve model which captures the robot's macroscopic geometry. Two classes of gaits, based on stationary waves and traveling waves of mechanism deformation, are introduced for hyper-redundant robots of both constant and variable length. We also illustrate how the locomotion algorithms can be used to plan the manipulation of objects which are grasped in a tentacle-like manner. Several of these gaits and the manipulation algorithm have been implemented on a 30 degree-of-freedom hyper-redundant robot. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate and validate these concepts and our modeling assumptions.
Robust fetal ECG extraction and detection from abdominal leads (2014)

The fetal ECG derived from abdominal leads provides an alternative to standard means of fetal monitoring. Furthermore, it permits long-term and ambulant recordings, which expands the range diagnostic possibilities for evaluating the fetal health state. However, due to the temporal and spectral overlap of maternal and fetal signals, the usage of abdominal leads imposes the need for elaborated signal processing routines.In this work a modular combination of processing techniques is presented. Its core consists of two maternal ECG estimation techniques, namely the extended Kalman smoother (EKS) and template adaption (TA) in combination with an innovative detection algorithm. Our detection method employs principles of evolutionary computing to detect fetal peaks by considering the periodicity and morphological characteristics of the fetal signal. In a postprocessing phase, single channel detections are combined by means of kernel density estimation and heart rate correction.The described methodology was presented during the Computing in Cardiology Challenge 2013. The entry was the winner of the closed-source events with average scores for events 4/5 with 15.1/3.32 (TA) and 69.5/4.58 (EKS) on training set-A and 20.4/4.57 (TA) and 219/7.69 (EKS) on test set-B, respectively. Using our own clinical data (24 subjects each 20 min recordings) and statistical measures beyond the Challenge's scoring system, we further validated the proposed method. For our clinical data we obtained an average detection rate of 82.8% (TA) and 83.4% (EKS). The achieved results show that the proposed methods are able produce reliable fetal heart rate estimates from a restricted number of abdominal leads.
Regularity-oriented analog placement with diffusion sharing and well island generation (2010)

This paper presents a novel regularity evaluation of placement structure and MOS analog specific layout techniques called diffusion sharing and well island generation, which are developed based on Sequence-Pair. The regular structures such as topological row, array and repetitive structure are characterized by the way of forming subsequences of a sequence-pair. A placement objective is formulated balancing the regularity and the area efficiency. Furthermore, diffusion sharing and well island can be also identified looking into forming of a sequence-pair. In experiments, we applied our regularity-oriented placement mixed with the constraint-driven technique to real analog designs, and attained the results comparable to manual designs even when imposing symmetry constraints. Besides, the results also revealed the regularity serves to increase row-structures applicable to the diffusion-sharing for the area and wire-length saving.
English-Only and Standard English Ideologies in the U.S. (1996)

planning and policy from a historical-structural perspective by analyzing and synthesizing a broad base of literature. It compares and contrasts two popularly accepted ideologies. The first is the ideology of English monolingualism, which frames policy issues in an immigrant paradigm in order to portray language diversity as an alien and divisive force; the second involves a standard language ideology that is used to position speakers of different varieties of the same language within a social hierarchy. The article discusses the connection between assumptions underlying linguistic ideologies and other social ideologies related to individualism and social mobility through education. It discusses limitations in the immigrant paradigm and considers the instrumental role that schools play in positioning students by using language assessment and classification schemes. Dilemmas and opportunities for contesting these ideologies are addressed. Dominant attitudes toward language in the U.S. are replete with contradictions. Bilingualism, for example, has tended to be seen as either a curse or a blessing. This contradiction is evident in the contrast between two drastically different policies toward bilingualism. The first is a policy toward language minority students that is intended to prescribe rapid transition out of LI instruction into English-only instructionoften resulting in the eventual loss of the L1. The second is a policy toward monolingual English-speaking students that is intended to promote learning a foreign language. In terms of resource allocation, bilingual programs are mandated to develop languages other than English-only to a minimum level-whereas foreign language programs spend millions attempting to develop them further (see Crawford, 1992a; Simon, 1988). However, on closer inspection, the root of this contradiction becomes clear: These policies are designed for two different populations. Transitional bilingual education, developed under
Pathogen Identification Direct From Polymicrobial Specimens Using Membrane Glycolipids (2018)

With the increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, the use of colistin and other last-line antimicrobials is being revisited clinically. As a result, there has been an emergence of colistin-resistant bacterial species, including Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The rapid identification of such pathogens is vitally important for the effective treatment of patients. We previously demonstrated that mass spectrometry of bacterial glycolipids has the capacity to identify and detect colistin resistance in a variety of bacterial species. In this study, we present a machine learning paradigm that is capable of identifying A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae and their colistin-resistant forms using a manually curated dataset of lipid mass spectra from 48 additional Gram-positive and -negative organisms. We demonstrate that these classifiers detect A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae in isolate and polymicrobial specimens, establishing a framework to translate glycolipid mass spectra into pathogen identifications.
Isolation and Expression Analysis of the Canine Insulin-Like Factor 3 Gene1 (2003)

The insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3 or relaxin-like factor) is a hormone produced mainly in gonadal tissues in males and females. Deletion of INSL3 or its receptor in male mice leads to the undescended testes, or cryptorchidism. Here we describe an isolation and analysis of full-length canine INSL3 gene. The INSL3 gene is composed of two exons within a small genomic region. Putative translation of the isolated cDNA yields 132 amino acid preproINSL3 that has the domain structure characteristic for the insulin-relaxin peptide superfamily with a well-conserved receptor-binding domain. Northern blot hybridization showed stronger expression of INSL3 in testis than in ovary. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the INSL3 expression revealed a minor splice variant of INSL3 potentially encoding 105 amino acids peptide. We established that the medium, conditioned with recombinant canine INSL3, produced from the full-length cDNA, but not from the minor splice variant, activated human GREAT/LGR8 receptor in vitro. In addition to the functional allele of INSL3, genomic DNA of one of the analyzed dogs contained an intronless nonexpressed pseudogene of INSL3. We isolated canine INSL3 promoter and showed that its activity was strongly mediated by steroidogenic factor-1 in vitro. Using site-specific mutagenesis, we identified a well-conserved steroidogenic factor-1 binding site within canine INSL3 promoter.
The plant amino acid mimosine may inhibit initiation at origins of replication in Chinese hamster cells. (1992)

An understanding of replication initiation in mammalian cells has been hampered by the lack of mutations and/or inhibitors that arrest cells just prior to entry into the S period. The plant amino acid mimosine has recently been suggested to inhibit cells at a regulatory step in late G1. We have examined the effects of mimosine on cell cycle traverse in the mimosine [corrected]-resistant CHO cell line CHOC 400. When administered to cultures for 14 h after reversal of a G0 block, the drug appears to arrest the population at the G1/S boundary, and upon its removal cells enter the S phase in a synchronous wave. However, when methotrexate is administered to an actively dividing asynchronous culture, cells are arrested not only at the G1/S interface but also in early and middle S phase. Most interestingly, two-dimensional gel analysis of replication intermediates in the initiation locus of the amplified dihydrofolate reductase domain suggests that mimosine may actually inhibit initiation. Thus, this drug represents a new class of inhibitors that may open a window on regulatory events occurring at individual origins of replication.