gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV‐A and UV‐B radiation on growth of cucumber (1997)

The influence of solar UV‐A and UV‐B radiation at Beltsville, Maryland, on growth and flavonoid content in four cultivars of Cucumis sativus L. (Ashley, Poinsett, Marketmore, and Salad Bush cucumber) was examined during the summers of 1994 and 1995. Plants were grown from seed in UV exclusion chambers consisting of UV‐transmitting Plexiglas, lined with Llumar to exclude UV‐A and UV‐B, polyester to exclude UV‐B, or cellulose acetate to transmit UV‐A and UV‐B. Despite previously determined differences in sensitivity to supplemental UV‐B radiation, all four cultivars responded similarly to UV‐B exclusion treatment. After 19–21 days, the four cultivars grown in the absence of solar UV‐B (polyester) had an average of 34, 55, and 40% greater biomass of leaves, stems, and roots, respectively, 27% greater stem height, and 35% greater leaf area than those grown under ambient UV‐B (cellulose acetate). Plants protected from UV‐A radiation as well (Llumar) showed an additional 14 and 22% average increase, respectively, in biomass of leaves and stems, and a 22 and 19% average increase, respectively, in stem elongation and leaf area over those grown under polyester. These findings demonstrate the extreme sensitivity of cucumber not only to present levels of UV‐B but also to UV‐A and suggest that even small changes in ozone depletion may have important biological consequences for certain plant species.
High-temperature series expansion for spin glasses. I. Derivation of the series (1987)

It is shown that the free energy and the Edwards-Anderson susceptibility for Ising spin glasses have a star-graph expansion. With the use of this, a method for generating the high-temperature series for these quantities is described. The scope and the applicability of this method to other properties involving quenched disorder is discussed.
[Rapid identification of anaerobes in periodontics with computer] (1995)

It has documented that anaerobe has played important roles in the progress of periodontitis.Recently,the detection of its pathogens has caught more and more attention.This study has sieved physiological and biochemical reactions of more than 80 species anaerobes related to periodontics,selected the reactions with identifying significances to form a system,and identify bacterium according to their differences of the results to the selected reactions.The results of each bacteria is expressed with decimal number.then transfer it into the decimal number.So the decimal number represents the results of the bacteria to the selected reactions and represents a certain bacteria.The profile that the bacterium correspond to the numbers is designed.When the bacteria is identified,on the basis of its Gram stain,morphology and oxygen-tolerance,using compling program,the computer with suggest the reactions to be finished.After the reactions have been completed,input the produced number to the species of the indentified bacteria will be known.
23.5 An energy pile-up resonance circuit extracting maximum 422% energy from piezoelectric material in a dual-source energy-harvesting interface (2014)

Energy harvesting is one of the key technologies used to realize self-sustaining systems such as wireless sensor networks and health-care devices. Much research on circuit design has been conducted to extract as much energy as possible from transducers, such as the thermoelectric generator (TEG) and the piezoelectric transducer (PZT). Specifically, the energy in a PZT could be extracted more efficiently by utilizing resonance as [1] and [2] demonstrated. However, the maximum output voltage swing in those techniques are limited to twice of the original swing of the PZT, and thus, had a limited energy extraction capability in spite of more energy being available from the PZT. In [3], on the other hand, the large energy is obtained with higher voltage swing, but is limited up to 247% because the load energy is used to increase the output voltage swing of PZT. To obtain far more power from PZT, we propose an alternative resonance technique through which the PZT output swing can be boosted as high as CMOS devices can sustain. This technique is applied to a dual-energy-sourced (PZT and TEG) energy-harvesting interface (EHI) as a battery charger.
Approach to the Management of Fever and Granulocytopenia (1980)

In recent years, advances in chemotherapy for malignant disease have resulted in a greater population of patients with granulocytopenia whose course in often complicated by fever. We reviewed the current medical literature in an attempt to identify the most appropriate management of this special patient population. Our findings suggest that patients with fever and granulocytopenia and without a diagnosis of infectious disease who improve on empiric antimicrobial therapy should continue to receive empiric therapy until their granulocytes recover. Patients in this same category who remain febrile probably do not have an infectious cause of their fever, and discontinuation of empiric antibiotics should be considered if they appear clinically stable. A guideline to the management of these patients is presented.
Protein import into isolated pea root leucoplasts (2015)

Leucoplasts are important organelles for the synthesis and storage of starch, lipids and proteins. However, molecular mechanism of protein import into leucoplasts and how it differs from that of import into chloroplasts remain unknown. We used pea seedlings for both chloroplast and leucoplast isolations to compare within the same species. We further optimized the isolation and import conditions to improve import efficiency and to permit a quantitative comparison between the two plastid types. The authenticity of the import was verified using a mitochondrial precursor protein. Our results show that, when normalized to Toc75, most translocon proteins are less abundant in leucoplasts than in chloroplasts. A precursor shown to prefer the receptor Toc132 indeed had relatively more similar import efficiencies between chloroplasts and leucoplasts compared to precursors that prefer Toc159. Furthermore we found two precursors that exhibited very high import efficiency into leucoplasts. Their transit peptides may be candidates for delivering transgenic proteins into leucoplasts and for analyzing motifs important for leucoplast import.
Cloning of the human uroplakin 1B cDNA and analysis of its expression in urothelial-tumor cell lines and bladder-carcinoma tissue (1999)

The human uroplakin 1B (UPK1B) gene codes for a structural protein which is a terminal differentiation component of the asymmetric unit membrane on the apical surface of the mammalian bladder. UPK1B is a member of the tetraspan family of proteins, many of which have de-regulated patterns of expression in cancer. Using polymerase-chain-reaction techniques, we have cloned a partial human UPK1B cDNA which codes for the putative full open reading frame for the UPK1B protein. The deduced human UPK1B protein sequence has 92% and 93% amino-acid homology with bovine UPK1b and mink TI1 proteins respectively. Using Northern analysis, we show that the human UPK1B gene is highly expressed in normal human urothelium. However, expression of UPK1B mRNA was undetectable or markedly reduced in 11 out of 16 samples of transitional-cell-bladder-carcinoma tissue and in all 5 bladder-carcinoma cell lines when compared with normal urothelial tissue. The molecular mechanism of down-regulation of RNA expression does not appear to involve gross gene rearrangements or allelic loss.
GaInN-Based Solar Cells Using Strained-Layer GaInN/GaInN Superlattice Active Layer on a Freestanding GaN Substrate (2011)

High-performance GaInN-based solar cells with high open-circuit voltage, high short-circuit current density, and good fill factor have been obtained using a combination of two different GaInN superlattice structures. The GaInN barrier thicknesses (3 and 0.6 nm) in both superlattice structures were optimized, resulting in a thick GaInN-based active layer with a low pit density in the device. The conversion efficiency is approximately 2.5% under a solar simulator of air mass 1.5G and an irradiation intensity of 155 mW/cm2.
The Creation of ITCHY Hybrid Protein Libraries (2003)

Incremental truncation is a method for creating a library of every one base truncation of dsDNA. Incremental truncation libraries can be created by time dependent Exo III digestions (1) or by the incorporation of α-phosphorothioate dNTPs (αS-dNTPs) (2). The fusion of two incremental truncation libraries is called an ITCHY library (3). An ITCHY library created from a single gene consists of genes with internal deletions and duplications. An ITCHY library created between two different genes consists of gene fusions created in a DNA-homology independent fashion. ITCHY libraries, as well as an incremental truncation-like method called SHIPREC (4), have the potential to create proteins with improved or novel properties as well as to generate artificial families for in vitro recombination in a method called SCRATCHY (5) (see Chapter 17 ).
The novel target for developing cancer metastasis therapy: the cancer—platelet interaction (2016)

要約：血小板は止血において主要な役割を果たすが，一方でがんに対して促進的な効果が報告されている．とくに，がん細胞が血行性に転移する際，血小板はがん細胞表面を覆うことにより免疫細胞による攻撃からの回避に関与するとともに，血小板凝集を起点とした大きな腫瘍塊の形成は，転移先の毛細血管における塞栓形成を助長する．さらに，血小板は凝集の際，増殖因子やサイトカインを放出するため，がん細胞の増殖，転移能の亢進，転移初期のニッチ形成にも関与することが示唆されている．したがって，血小板を標的とした治療，とくに血小板とがん細胞の相互作用を抑制する方法は新規のがん転移治療薬の開発に繋がる可能性がある．本稿では，血小板とがんの関係，血小板凝集を介したがん転移促進機構，転移性がん細胞―血小板間相互作用を担う因子について概説するとともに，筆者らのグループが転移の治療薬の開発を目指して取り組んでいる血小板とがんの相互作用を標的とした転移抑制の研究の現状についても紹介する．
Synthesis of 7-dimethylamino-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline (minocycline) via 9-nitro-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline (1971)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 7-dimethylamino-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline (minocycline) via 9-nitro-6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracyclineRobert F. R. Church, Robert E. Schaub, and Martin J. WeissCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1971, 36, 5, 723–725Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1971Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00804a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00804a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views697Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Toward a Unified Theory of Urbach's Rule and Exponential Absorption Edges (1972)

Exponential absorption edges $\ensuremath{\alpha}=A{e}^{g(\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\hbar}{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0})}$ have been observed in both ionic (Urbach's rule: $g=\frac{\ensuremath{\sigma}}{{k}_{B}{T}^{*}}$ and covalent materials. Arguments are given to show that a unified theory of exponetial absorption edges must (i) rely on electric microfields as the cause, (ii) include exciton effects and the final-state interaction between the electron and the hole, and (iii) ascribe Urbach's rule to the relative, internal motion of the exciton. An approximate calculation has been made in which the nonuniform microfields are replaced by a statistical distribution of uniform microfields; this calculation is a generalization to physically relevant intermediate-strength fields of previous strong- and weak-field theories of Redfield and Dexter. In contrast with the other microfield models, which obtain the exponential spectral shape by averaging over microfield distributions, the present theory obtains a quantitatively exponential edge as an inherent feature. The temperature dependences of the edges in various materials follow qualitatively from the nature of the microfield sources. The specific temperature dependence of Urbach's rule in ionic crystals is obtained from this model, with supplementary arguments to account for nonuniformity of the fields.
Design, Performance Evaluation and Endwall Flow Structure Investigation of an S-Shaped Intermediate Turbine Duct (2007)

Annular S-shaped intermediate turbine ducts are used in modern multi-spool jet engines to connect the high pressure turbine with the low-pressure turbine. The trend towards engines with larger by-pass ratios requires the future intermediate turbine ducts to be shorter and have larger radial off-set. This paper deals with the design and performance evaluation of a state-of-the-art annular S-shaped intermediate turbine duct. The details of the design of the intermediate turbine duct are presented together with static pressure measurements and oil film flow visualization along the endwalls, and area traverses at the inlet and outlet planes using a 5-hole probe. The measurements were done for three operating points of the turbine. From the flow visualization no separation could be detected at design point conditions, but for off-design conditions regions of separation were detected on the guide vanes located within the inter-turbine duct. The pressure loss coefficient was shown to be comparable for the two cases with lowest swirl angle, but the design point showed a slightly lower pressure loss. For the case with the largest flow angle the pressure loss coefficient was clearly larger than for the other two cases, which can be associated with the separation found on the guide vanes.
Single large DNA molecule analysis using fluorescence microscopy (1999)

A large DNA analysis method which enable to obtain spatial information of positions of specific sequences along DNA molecule has been developed. Making use of the phenomenon that large DNA molecule is elongated stably under alternative current field in a concentrated linear polymer solution, direct observation of elongated individual lambda DNA molecules with fluorescence probes was carried out using fluorescence microscopy. Then, the spatial positions of the fluorescence spot of the probe on the DNA molecule were determined by image analysis.
Adaptive Multiplexing Based on E-model for Reducing Network Overhead in Voice over IP Security Ensuring Conversation Quality (2009)

Obtaining VoIP security through the IPsec protocol increases packet size, thus substantially increasing the network overhead. One way of mitigating such a problem consists of multiplexing calls so that the transmission of redundant data is reduced. The performance of such technique is directly linked to the number of concurrent calls; however, in more constrained scenarios, the existence of several simultaneous calls is not a premise that may be always assumed. Expanding packets' grouping time is an approach that can improve data compression in scenarios with only a few simultaneous calls; notwithstanding, such an approach reduces the quality of calls, increasing the end-to-end delay. In this work we propose an adaptive multiplexing solution based on the e-model recommendation, which objective consists of increasing the multiplexing capacity yet respecting the expected levels of quality during conversation. Results have shown that the proposed solution makes it possible to attain a higher compression rate when compared to traditional methods in favorable scenarios and better quality in unfavorable ones.
Effective code acquisition of Galileo BOC signals (2011)

This work proposes an effective code acquisition technique for Galileo BOC signals, exploiting a fast parabolic interpolator running on three estimated ambiguity samples in the neighbourhood of the coarse estimate. Performance analysis is carried out in comparison with the conventional approach, based on the power detector test. The numerical results, obtained from wide simulation trials under operating settings, have evidenced that the devised method outperforms the conventional approach for all the timing offsets and is well suited for satellite spread spectrum communications.
Self-assembly and Solvatochromic Fiber Formation of 4,5-Bis(dodecylthio)tetrathiafulvalene-4′-carboxylic Acid and Its Derivatives (2007)

Abstract TTF-carboxylic acid 2 exhibits gelling ability for hexane and cyclohexane to form an orange fibrous material and shows solvatochromism both in solution and in the fiber formation to produce a reddish-purple fibrous material from acetonitrile. Moreover, the corresponding ester 1 forms yellow fibers from acetonitrile. However, the tetrabutylammonium salt 3 produces fine microcrystals without gel or fiber formation.
A Coronary Primary Intervention Study of Japanese Men : Study Design, Implementation and Baseline Data (1996)

This report describes the design and baseline results of the Kyushu Lipid Intervention Study (KLIS). The study aims to test the hypothesis that the long term reduction of serum total cholesterol by pravastatin will lead to a decrease in coronary heart disease (CHD) events. The trial was designed to include a random 6,000 male patients aged 45-74 years with serum total cholesterol of 220 mg/dl (5.69 mmol/l) or greater and without a history of myocardial infarction, coronary surgery or angioplasty, to undertake either pravastatin or conventional treatment (including hypolipidemic drugs other than HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, probucol and bezafibrate), and to follow up each patient for 5 years. Primary endpoints are fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary bypass surgery and angioplasty, cardiac death, and sudden and unexpected death. During the period from May 1990 to September 1993, a total of 5,640 male patients aged 45-74 were recruited by 902 participating physicians throughout Kyushu. Randomization was, however, neglected by study physicians; the numbers of patients enrolled were 3,061 in the pravastatin group and 2,579 in the conventional treatment group. Patients allocated to the pravastatin treatment were generally unfavorable regarding coronary risk factors. Baseline mean levels of serum total cholesterol were 259 mg/dl (6.70 mmol/l) in the pravastatin group and 246 mg/dl (6.36 mmol/l) in the conventional treatment group (p <0.001). Although the trial was regarded as a prospective observational study, the KLIS provides valuable quantitative data regarding cholesterol lowering and reduction in CHD events as well as safety data of the long-term use of a statin in Japanese men with hypercholesterolemia.
The Relationship Between Wrinkle Depth and Dermal Thickness in the Forehead and Lateral Canthal Region (2011)

The dermis under a wrinkle becomes thinner in association with the progression of wrinkles until the dermis becomes thinner than one-half of its original thickness. When the dermis stops thinning, wrinkles develop further by dermal invagination into the subcutaneous layer.
Investigating Computational Geometry for Failure Prognostics in Presence of Imprecise Health Indicator: Results and Comparisons on C-MAPSS Datasets (2014)

Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) is a multidisciplinary field aiming at maintaining physical systems in their optimal functioning conditions. The system under study is assumed to be monitored by sensors from which are obtained measurements reflecting the system’s health state. A health index (HI) is estimated to feed a data-driven PHM solution developed to predict the remaining useful life (RUL). In this paper, the values taken by an HI are assumed imprecise (IHI). An IHI is interpreted as a planar figure called polygon and a case-based reasoning (CBR) approach is adapted to estimate the RUL. This adaptation makes use of computational geometry tools in order to estimate the nearest cases to a given testing instance. The proposed algorithm called RULCLIPPER is assessed and compared on datasets generated by the NASA’s turbofan simulator (C-MAPSS) including the four turbofan testing datasets and the two testing datasets of the PHM’08 data challenge. These datasets represent 1360 testing instances and cover different realistic and difficult cases considering operating conditions and fault modes with unknown characteristics. The problem of feature selection, health index estimation, RUL fusion and ensembles are also tackled. The proposed algorithm is shown to be efficient with few parameter tuning on all datasets.
Altered Levels of Growth-related and Novel Gene Transcripts in Reproductive and Other Tissues of Female Mice Overexpressing Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase (SSAT) (2002)

Overexpression of SSAT (polyamine catabolic enzyme) in female mice results in impaired ovarian folliculogenesis and uterine hypoplasia. To identify the molecular basis for this, the gene expression profiles in uterus and ovary and for comparison, liver and kidney, from non-transgenic (NT) and SSAT transgenic (ST) mice were compared. The mRNA abundance for lipoprotein lipase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was elevated in all four ST (>NT) tissues. The translation initiation factor-3 subunit 5 mRNA, and transcripts related to endogenous murine leukemia provirus (MLV-related) and murine retrovirus-related sequences (MuRRS) were decreased in ST tissues. A novel calmodulin-related mRNA was strongly induced in ST liver and kidney. SSAT overexpression was associated with increased levels of IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in the uterus and ovary, and a reduction in IGFBP-3 mRNA levels in the uterus. Exogenous spermidine and spermine elevated endogenous IGFBP-2 and SSAT mRNA abundance, whereas, putrescine stimulated IGFBP-2 mRNA abundance and transfected IGFBP-2 gene promoter activity in human (Hec-1-A) uterine cells. Sp1 and BTEB1 mRNAs that encode transcription factors for the IGFBP-2 gene also were induced in some ST tissues. The data suggest that SSAT and polyamines are important for the control of molecular pathways underlying reproductive tract tissue growth, phenotype, and function.
Transform-based indexing of audio data for multimedia databases (1997)

Since the relative proportion of multimedia (video, image and audio) data within databases is expected to increase substantially in the future, keyword-based indexing would be inadequate and efficient content-based query and retrieval are required. The problem of devising content based query, indexing, and retrieval for these newer data types remains an open and challenging problem. While considerable attention has recently been given to image (and, to some extent, video) indexing, much less has been devoted to the problem of indexing its unidimensional counterpart-audio data. The paper proposes content-based indexing schemes for audio data in multimedia databases. The methods are based on transform techniques used in signal processing which transform data from time (or spatial) domain to frequency domain. This offers many advantages such as easy removal of noise, efficient compression and different types of processing. Two algorithms for indexing are presented along with experimental results.