gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Honeywell Experimental Distributed Processor – an Overview (1978)

The Honeywell Experimental Distributed Processor (HXDP) is a vehicle for research in the science and engineering of processor interconnection, executive control, and user software for a certain class of multiple-processor computers which we call "distributed computer" systems. Such systems are very unconventional in that they accomplish total system-wide executive control in the absence of any centralized procedure, data, or hardware. The primary benefits sought by this research are improvements over more conventional architectures (such as multiprocessors and computer networks) in extensibility, integrity, and performance. A fundamental thesis of the HXDP project is that the benefits and cost-effectiveness of distributed computer systems depend on the judicious use of hardware to control software costs.
Interleukin-8 expression in Helicobacter pylori infected, normal, and neoplastic gastroduodenal mucosa. (1994)

Immunoreactive IL-8, a potent neutrophil chemotactic and activating factor, is present in the epithelium of both normal and inflamed gastric mucosa with increased expression in the latter. There is site dependent variation in epithelial IL-8 expression within the gastroduodenal mucosa. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in gastric carcinoma cells may influence peritumoural cellular infiltrates.
rRNA Operon Copy Number Reflects Ecological Strategies of Bacteria (2000)

Although natural selection appears to favor the elimination of gene redundancy in prokaryotes, multiple copies of each rRNA-encoding gene are common on bacterial chromosomes. Despite this conspicuous deviation from single-copy genes, no phenotype has been consistently associated with rRNA gene copy number. We found that the number of rRNA genes correlates with the rate at which phylogenetically diverse bacteria respond to resource availability. Soil bacteria that formed colonies rapidly upon exposure to a nutritionally complex medium contained an average of 5.5 copies of the small subunit rRNA gene, whereas bacteria that responded slowly contained an average of 1.4 copies. In soil microcosms pulsed with the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indigenous populations of 2,4-D-degrading bacteria with multiple rRNA genes ( = 5.4) became dominant, whereas populations with fewer rRNA genes ( = 2.7) were favored in unamended controls. These findings demonstrate phenotypic effects associated with rRNA gene copy number that are indicative of ecological strategies influencing the structure of natural microbial communities.
Enhanced Word Embedding Method in Text Classification (2020)

For the task of natural language processing (NLP), Word embedding technology has a certain impact on the accuracy of deep neural network algorithms. Considering that the current word embedding method cannot realize the coexistence of words and phrases in the same vector space. Therefore, we propose an enhanced word embedding (EWE) method. Before completing the word embedding, this method introduces a unique sentence reorganization technology to rewrite all the sentences in the original training corpus. Then, all the original corpus and the reorganized corpus are merged together as the training corpus of the distributed word embedding model, so as to realize the coexistence problem of words and phrases in the same vector space. We carried out experiment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the EWE algorithm on three classic benchmark datasets. The results show that the EWE method can significantly improve the classification performance of the CNN model.
Properties of TiSi2 as an encroachment barrier for the growth of selective tungsten on silicon (1987)

Selective growth of chemical-vapor deposited selective tungsten, on thermally grown titanium silicide thin films, on silicon substrates, has been characterized. The nucleation of selective tungsten is found to be strongly affected by the surface chemical composition of the silicide. A thin layer of titanium nitride, formed on the silicide surface during the silicidation of sputtered titanium in nitrogen ambient, does not allow selective tungsten nucleation and has to be chemically removed to observe growth of the tungsten film. Localized titanium oxide regions on the silicide surface lead to adhesion problems between tungsten film and the silicide underlayer resulting in tungsten film blistering and bubbles formation. The regions of silicide where these bubbles form show accumulation of fluorine from the WF6 reduction at the interface. In regions of good adhesion and normal growth characteristics, no titanium oxide was found, almost all the silicide was consumed during the growth of selective tungsten and no fluorine accumulation at the interface was observed. These results indicate that it is possible to grow selective tungsten on titanium silicide barrier over silicon substrate provided that the surface of silicide is free of any titanium oxide or nitride layers. Under such conditions, the silicide layer acts as a sacrificial barrier allowing selective tungsten growth without resulting in any silicon consumption or encroachment of tungsten into the silicon substrate.
Validation of a new non-invasive portable tonometer for determining arterial pressure wave and pulse wave velocity (2004)

These results show that the PulsePen enables an easy and reliable evaluation of central arterial pressure and stiffness in clinical ambulatory practice, especially in high-risk patients in whom arterial stiffness has been shown to be a significant indicator of morbidity and mortality.
Prophylaxis against hepatitis B recurrence following liver transplantation using combination lamivudine and hepatitis B immune globulin (1998)

Patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatitis B-related liver disease are prone to recurrence. The mainstay of prophylaxis has been passive immunotherapy with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). Antiviral therapy with lamivudine has proven effective in lowering hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and improving histology in patients with hepatitis B infection; its role in prophylaxis against hepatitis B recurrence following liver transplantation is under investigation. Viral breakthrough and resistance, however, are a significant problem with monotherapy with either HBIG or lamivudine. The efficacy of combination lamivudine/HBIG prophylaxis has not been reported. Fourteen patients underwent transplantation for decompensated liver disease owing to hepatitis B. Lamivudine (150 mg p.o./d) was begun before transplantation in 10 patients, including 4 who were HBV DNA-positive. In addition, 1 patient was HBV DNA-positive when transplanted. HBIG was given perioperatively and continued thereafter; treatment with lamivudine was maintained or initiated at the time of transplantation and continued indefinitely. The median follow-up was 387 days. Actuarial 1-year patient and graft survival was 93% (1 patient died of unrelated causes). At a median interval of 28 days following lamivudine treatment, all 5 HBV DNA-positive patients cleared HBV DNA from the serum; 1 went on to clear hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), before transplantation, at day 148 of lamivudine treatment. By the highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR), at a median of 346 days (range, 130-525 days) following transplantation, all 13 surviving patients had no detectable serum HBV DNA. Lamivudine suppresses HBV replication in patients awaiting liver transplantation. At a median follow-up of 1.1 years, combination prophylaxis with lamivudine and HBIG prevented hepatitis B recurrence following liver transplantation.
Evidence of Bacterial Biofilm in Tubing from Hydraulic Pathway ofHemodialysis System (1998)

Biofilms consist of microorganisms immobilized at a substratum surface embedded in an organic polymer matrix of bacterial origin. Tubing drawn from the fluid pathways within dialysis machines of various models were investigated for biofilm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), performed on approximately 2 cm2 samples of the tubing inner surfaces revealed that the inner surfaces of the tubing were covered with biofilms consisting of numerous deposits and glycocalix at different stages of formation with components containing bacteria and algae. Evaluations of biomass were performed from tubing sections of various lengths and inner diameters put in tubes containing water for injection and immersed in an ultrasound washtub for 1 h to ensure sloughing of the biofilm. Living bacteria were identified by plating on nutrient agar media and incubation for 48 h at 37 degrees C. Epifluorescent stains were used for the total bacteria count. Lipopolysaccharide levels were determined by the endotoxin activity measurements. Polyoside contents were determined by the colometric method, and the chemical oxygen demand was measured to evaluate the amount of organic substance. Biofilms detached from tubing samples drawn from the water path, bicarbonate path, and fresh dialysate path within dialysis machines contained approximately 1.10(3)-1.10(6) total bacteria/cm2, yet only some living bacteria were found. Endotoxin levels ranged from 1 to 12 EU/cm2. In contrast in the dialysate fluid, no bacteria were found, and the endotoxin content was under the detection level of the method. The polyoside content and chemical oxygen demand of the biomass ranged from 11 to 83 microg/cm2 and from 53 to 234 mg/cm2, respectively. It is concluded that a germ- and endotoxin-free dialysate does not exclude the risks and hazards of bacteria and endotoxin discharge from biofilm developed on the fluid pathway tubing, acting as a reservoir for continuous contamination, and efforts in the optimization of cleaning and disinfection procedures used for hemodialysis systems should aim to detach and neutralize biofilm when necessary.
Metformin Inhibits Cytokine-Induced Nuclear Factor κB Activation Via AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Vascular Endothelial Cells (2006)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is tightly regulated by the cellular AMP:ATP ratio and plays a central role in regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolic stress. Metformin has been shown to activate AMPK. We hypothesized that metformin may prevent nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation in endothelial cells exposed to inflammatory cytokines. Metformin was observed to activate AMPK, as well as its downstream target, phosphoacetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Metformin also dose-dependently inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha-induced IkappaB kinase activity. Furthermore, metformin attenuated the TNF-alpha-induced gene expression of various proinflammatory and cell adhesion molecules, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, in HUVECs. A pharmacological activator of AMPK, 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside (AICAR), dose-dependently inhibited TNF-alpha- and interleukin-1beta-induced NF-kappaB reporter gene expression. AICAR also suppressed the TNF-alpha- and interleukin-1beta-induced gene expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in HUVECs. The small interfering RNA for AMPKalpha1 attenuated metformin or AICAR-induced inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by TNF-alpha, suggesting a possible role of AMPK in the regulation of cell inflammation. In light of these findings, we suggest that metformin attenuates the cytokine-induced expression of proinflammatory and adhesion molecule genes by inhibiting NF-kappaB activation via AMPK activation. Thus, it might be useful to target AMPK signaling in future efforts to prevent atherogenic and inflammatory vascular disease.
VERTICAL JUMPING AND SIGNALED AVOIDANCE (1988)

This paper reports an experiment intended to demonstrate that the vertical jumping response can be learned using a signaled-avoidance technique. A photoelectric cell system was used to record the response. Twenty female rats, divided equally into two groups, were exposed to intertrial intervals of either 15 or 40 s. Subjects had to achieve three successive criteria of acquisition: 3, 5, and 10 consecutive avoidance responses. Results showed that both groups learned the avoidance response, requiring increasingly larger numbers of trials as the acquisition criteria increased. No significant effect of intertrial interval was observed.
Case Study of Soft Particle Fluid to Improve Proppant Transport and Placement (2015)

Abstract The primary objective of hydraulic fracture stimulation is to use “ideal” fracturing fluids to initiate and propagate fractures, transport proppant and place a conductive proppant pack in the created fracture. Resident hydrocarbons may be more easily produced in the created fracture broadways. Thus, optimization of conductive fracture area is perhaps the most critical tenets of fracture stimulation. The effective fracture area is characterized by the conductive fracture height and length, and is often compromised by the inability to place the proppant throughout the created fracture area. Several attempts have been implemented to improve the effective fracture area, such as hybrid fracturing, ultralightweight proppant (ULWP) delivery, channel fracturing, and slug fracturing. The techniques are all based on viscosity-governed proppant transport mechanisms. This paper proposes a new fluid system for nearly perfect proppant suspension to improve proppant transport and vertical distribution in fractures. It improves effective fracture height by placing proppant across the complete productive interval under downhole conditions when properly applied. This leads to better transverse and vertical placement of proppant in the fracture and significantly increases the fractured surface area. The degradability of the fluid can lead to non-damaged fracture conductivity with time by internal or external stimulus. Criteria and considerations for successful applying such fluids to optimize proppant placement and maximize fracture conductivity are discussed. Job design is elaborated in terms of fluid mechanics and proppant transportation mechanics differences and benefits over traditional crosslinked gel systems. The execution, experiences, and subsequent well performance of treatment applications results are compared to offsets treated with a traditional crosslinked gel system.
Trust-Based Recommendations for Publications - A Multi-Layer Network Approach. (2006)

Current recommender systems using network data focus on a single network, either a trust or a document reference network. However, in a number of applications, several types of networks need to be taken into account. The paper describes an architecture for a recommender system for publications that integrates information from different networks. Relationships in the trust network are modeled in a semantically rich way to reflect trust relationships from the real life in a concise way.
Safety of poly (ethylene glycol)-coated perfluorodecalin-filled poly (lactide-co-glycolide) microcapsules following intravenous administration of high amounts in rats (2014)

The host response against foreign materials designates the biocompatibility of intravenously administered microcapsules and thus, widely affects their potential for subsequent clinical use as artificial oxygen/drug carriers. Therefore, body distribution and systemic parameters, as well as markers of inflammation and indicators of organ damage were carefully evaluated after administration of short-chained poly (vinyl alcohol, (PVA)) solution or poly (ethylene glycol (PEG))-shielded perfluorodecalin-filled poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide, PFD-filled PLGA) microcapsules into Wistar rats. Whereas PVA infusion was well tolerated, all animals survived the selected dose of 1247 mg microcapsules/kg body weight but showed marked toxicity (increased enzyme activities, rising pro-inflammatory cytokines and complement factors) and developed a mild metabolic acidosis. The observed hypotension emerging immediately after start of capsule infusion was transient and mean arterial blood pressure restored to baseline within 70 min. Microcapsules accumulated in spleen and liver (but not in other organs) and partly occluded hepatic microcirculation reducing sinusoidal perfusion rate by about 20%. Intravenous infusion of high amounts of PFD-filled PLGA microcapsules was tolerated temporarily but associated with severe side effects such as hypotension and organ damage. Short-chained PVA displays excellent biocompatibility and thus, can be utilized as emulsifier for the preparation of drug carriers designed for intravenous use.
Auxotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in black and white patients. (1980)

Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from 100 white and 113 black patients attending a venereal disease clinic were examined for their susceptibility to ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, and spectinomycin. The isolates were also characterised by gonococcal auxotyping. Gonococcal isolates from black patients were more resistant to the antibiotics than those from white patients, since the former were infected with the more antibiotic-resistant auxotypes (Pro, Zero, and Arg) whereas the latter were infected with the more antibiotic-susceptible auxotypes (AHU and others). These data indicate a preferential infection by sub-populations of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in two racial groups.
Correction to: Enforcing fine-grained access control for secure collaborative modelling using bidirectional transformations (2018)

The article “Enforcing fine-grained access control for secure collaborative modelling using bidirectional transformations”, written by Csaba Debreceni, Gábor Bergmann, István Ráth, Dániel Varró, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (https://link.springer.com/journal/10270) on [11/21/2017 6:24:42 AM] without open access.
Cold Crucible Induction Melter Technology: Results of Laboratory Directed Research and Development (2001)

This report provides a review of cold crucible induction melter (CCIM) technology and presents summaries of alternatives and design issues associated with major system components. The objective in this report is to provide background systems level information relating to development and application of cold crucible induction-heated melter technology for radiological waste processing. Included is a detailed description of the bench-top melter system at the V. G. Khlopin Radium Institute currently being used for characterization testing
Bcl-2 protein expression in breast cancer and its relationship to prognosis (1997)

The expression of bcl-2 protein was studied in invasive breast cancer by immunohistochemistry. Fourty-six (56.8%) bcl-2 protein-positive tumors were found in 81 breast cancers. There was no significant correlation between the bcl-2 protein immunoreactivity and histologic type, primary tumor status, or lymph node metastasis. However, a strong positive relationship was demonstrated between bcl-2 immunoreactivity and estrogen receptor status. The 5-year survival rate and disease-free survival rates were 73.7% and 71.1% of patients with bcl-2-positive tumors, and 62.5% and 58.0% of those with bcl-2-negative tumors; these differences between the two groups of patients wete significant (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis using Cox regression model, bcl-2 immunoreactivity emerged as an independent prognostic indicator in breast cancer patients.
HF link LCTLC resonant converter with LF AC output (2012)

The paper deals with design analysis, simulation, synthesis and verification of power resonant converter integrated with LCLC filter, HF transformer and rectifier output. The output voltage of LCTLC in the basic AC direct mode is sinusoidal one with harmonic distortion roughly 5% in the whole range of the load with possibility of non-symmetrical control of the converter. A novel detailed analysis of over-loaded rectifying mode with DC output is given, as well as transfer and transient properties analysis, non-linearity including. Simulations based on Matlab/OrCad models confirmed by experimental results of both modes are given in the paper.
Long term survival of patients mobilised early after acute myocardial infarction. (1985)

A Welsh multicentre trial of early (fifth day) compared with late (tenth day) mobilisation in 742 patients after uncomplicated myocardial infarction, reported previously, found that there were no significant differences in survival during the first year, but a partial follow up beyond the first year survival showed a significantly reduced survival during the second and third years among patients mobilised early. A full 10 year follow up of all patients admitted to the trial was therefore carried out. A small difference in survival was confirmed, which reached about 5% at four years; but the difference was not statistically significant. Further analysis suggested the possibility of real differences in survival in certain subgroups, but the present evidence was not sufficient to provide contraindication to mobilisation five days after uncomplicated myocardial infarction.
Desmosomal glycoproteins II and III. Cadherin-like junctional molecules generated by alternative splicing (1991)

We have cloned the human genes coding for desmosomal glycoproteins DGII and DGIII, found in desmosomal cell junctions, and sequencing shows that they are related to the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules. Thus a new super family of cadherin-like molecules exists which also includes the other major desmosomal glycoprotein, DGI (Wheeler, G. N., Parker, A. E., Thomas, C. L., Ataliotis, P., Poynter, D., Arnemann, J., Rutman, A. J., Pidsley, S. C., Watt, F. M., Rees, D. A., Buxton, R. S., and Magee, A. I. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., in press). DGIII differs from DGII by the addition of a 46-base pair exon containing an in-frame stop codon resulting in mature protein molecular weights of 84,633 for DGII and 78,447 for DGIII. The unique carboxyl-terminal region of DGII contains a potential serine phosphorylation site explaining why only DGII is phosphorylated on serine. The cadherin cell adhesion recognition sequence (His-Ala-Val) is replaced by Phe-Ala-Thr, suggesting that DGII/III may be adhesive molecules using a different mechanism.
Improved Treatment/Disposal of Reactive Metals (1988)

This study was conducted to develop improved treatment/disposal techniques for waste reactive metals. The basic approach considered was to convert the reactive metal (primarily sodium, with small quantities of radioactive and nonradioactive contaminants) to a glass form by reacting it primarily with silica sand, along with other minor additives to impart mechanical and chemical integrity to the waste form. A high-soda silicate glass was selected as the most desirable glass form for waste sodium disposal; however, it was found that small quantities of other additives would be necessary to impart acceptable resistance to leaching by groundwaters and other environmental stresses. Differential thermal analyses (DTA) with varying compositions of sodium oxide, silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, and magnesium oxide showed that the primary glass-forming reactions occur at <300°C. For the well-mixed samples used in the DTA tests, there were no additional thermal effects as the temperature was raised to 1260° C, indicating that the glass-forming reaction was essentially completed at the low temperature.Samples of different glasses were produced in a laboratory furnace to determine qualitative glass characteristics. Samples of sodium disilicate glass were tested for leachability of sodium by water. This particular glass had a relatively high sodium leach rate of 0.73 × 10−2 μg.mm−2.min−1 at room temperature in pure water. A conceptual one-step process for waste sodium conversion was designed, incorporating a low-g, low-pressure-drop, high-temperature cyclone as the reaction vessel as well as the reaction product separator.