gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of the Friedreich ataxia mouse gene leads to early embryonic lethality without iron accumulation (2000)

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), the most common autosomal recessive ataxia, is caused in almost all cases by homozygous intronic expansions resulting in the loss of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein conserved through evolution, and involved in mitochondrial iron homeostasis. Yeast knockout models, and histological and biochemical data from patient heart biopsies or autopsies indicate that the frataxin defect causes a specific iron-sulfur protein deficiency and mitochondrial iron accumulation leading to the pathological changes. Affected human tissues are rarely available to further examine this hypothesis. To study the mechanism of the disease, we generated a mouse model by deletion of exon 4 leading to inactivation of the Frda gene product. We show that homozygous deletions cause embryonic lethality a few days after implantation, demonstrating an important role for frataxin during early development. These results suggest that the milder phenotype in humans is due to residual frataxin expression associated with the expansion mutations. Surprisingly, in the frataxin knockout mouse, no iron accumulation was observed during embryonic resorption, suggesting that cell death could be due to a mechanism independent of iron accumulation.
ANCA-associated vasculitis in scleroderma: a case series of fourteen patients (2011)

Antimyeloperoxidase (MPO), perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA), and/or clinically evident vasculitis in patients with scleroderma have been reported only rarely. The clinical significance and prognosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis in systemic sclerosis is uncertain. To report a case and identify the clinical characteristics of scleroderma patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. Patients with both vasculitis and scleroderma occurring between 1976 to 2006 were identified using an electronic diagnostic index. These diagnoses were confirmed by retrospective review of complete medical records. Clinical features and outcomes recorded included age at vasculitis diagnosis, connective tissue disease (CTD) features, type of scleroderma (limited or diffuse); ANCA serology, vasculitic organ system manifestations; and death. Fourteen cases of scleroderma patients with ANCA-associated and/or small vessel vasculitis were identified. The majority (71%) were female, with mean age at vasculitis diagnosis 53 years. Seven patients (50%) had overlap CTD features, and the majority (79%) had limited variant of scleroderma. All of the 10 patients tested were MPO and pANCA positive. Seven patients (50%) had glomerulonephritis, 11 (79%) pulmonary involvement including 3 with pulmonary-renal syndrome, 6 skin purpura, and 5 mononeuritis multiplex and/or peripheral neuropathy. Six patients (43%) died during followup to 2008. The presence of pANCA-associated small vessel vasculitis is a rarely reported complication of scleroderma. It occurs most commonly in women with limited scleroderma and most commonly includes pulmonary and/or renal involvement, including severe organ-threatening manifestations and death. Further studies are needed to clarify the role and clinical impact of ANCA in scleroderma patients with and without vasculitis.
A preliminary study of inflammatory markers in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients (2010)

It was reported that C-reactive protein (CRP) levels increase in parallel with the progression of chronic liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Inflammatory markers, such as high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), ferritin, transferrin, albumin, alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AAG), alpha-2 macroglobulin (AMG), alpha-1 anti-trypsin (AAT) and lipoprotein a [Lp(a)] were measured in coronary artery disease patients (CAD) and CAD patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the present preliminary study an attempt was made to study whether there is an increase in the levels of CRP in CAD patients associated with NASH. CAD patients showed an increase in CRP and serum ferritin levels. In CAD patients with NASH along with an increase in the levels of serum ferittin (p<0.001), the levels of serum AMG and ceruloplasmin (CP) were also increased (p<0.01). The CAD patients with NASH had a higher proportion of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia compared to CAD patients. But how this difference contributes to the elevation in acute inflammatory markers particularly AMG and CP levels in CAD patients with NASH cannot be explained. This study shows that a substantial number of CAD patients may be associated with NASH. Non-invasive simple parameters that reflect the degree of inflammation and fibrosis of the liver in patients with NASH would facilitate improved understanding and treatment of the disease. Further studies may be necessary to evaluate the percentage of NASH patients progressing to CAD.
Industrial prototypes for the pyrolysis of used tires and waste plastic materials (1979)

The increasing amounts of old tires and waste plastics are creating problems regarding their disposal and recycling. Such wastes, however, can be converted by pyrolysis into almost residue-free organic raw materials. Various processes, particularly for the pyrolysis of old tires, are described which have been tested in Japan, the USA, Great Britain and the Federal Republic of Germany. In indirectly heated fluidized sand beds, whole automobile tires can be decomposed to give up to 20 wt-% gas, 30 wt-% aromatics, 40 wt-% carbon black, and 10 wt-% steel scrap.
Design of machine elements (1948)

Design of machine elements , Design of machine elements , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
An open and secure terminal infrastructure for hosting personal services (2002)

With the emergence of the Internet and distributed object technologies, naming and directory services have become key elements in distributed system architectures. A key benefit of naming services is to enable location-independent access to remote objects. In the Java environment, the Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) is proposed as a common framework to provide an object-oriented view of naming and directory services, and to unify and federate different types of services. In this paper, we present a terminal infrastructure which relies on naming and directory services for accessing distributed objects. This infrastructure is based on the usage of a new component that we have named the Personal Naming and Directory Service (PNDS), which is embedded on a smart card. PNDS has been prototyped using a fully object-oriented Java card, and has been integrated as a new additional component in the JNDI framework. By leveraging the Open Card framework, the standardized framework and interface to access both the smart card reader and applications on the card, and the JNDI framework approach to naming and directory services, PNDS enables access to both smart card- and network-based services. The PNDS smart card provides the proposed terminal infrastructure with knowledge of a user's personal services, and with means for accessing and securing the access.
The Consumption of whey by Non-Lactating Sows (1988)

Non-lactating sows are the only class of pig fed below appetite and can make use of bulky feeds including low dry matter materials such as liquid whey. Farmers who feed whey to pregnant sows from communal troughs complain of the difficulty of maintaining homogeneous body condition throughout the herd. The object of these experiments was to quantify the differences in intake between sows which produce this disparity and to indicate how feed dispensing systems might be controlled.
Differential scanning calorimetry and Mössbauer effect studies of the thermal decomposition of hydrous ferrous oxalate in hydrogen (1995)

The thermal decomposition process of hydrous ferrous oxalate and its solid decomposition products in reducing H2 atmosphere are studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Mössbauer effect. The results indicate that the thermal decomposition of FeC2O4 · 2 H2O in hydrogen is similar to that in an inert atmosphere. The dehydration and the decomposition are two processes quite separate as regards temperature, the initial solid decomposition product is wüstite which then transforms into magnetite and α-Fe. A small amount of iron carbide is observed among the decomposition products. The oxide and the carbide in the solid are reduced to α-Fe by hydrogen at about 415 °C.
Exodoncia de un canino incluido, sinus-lift y colocación de implantes en una sola fase quirúrgica (2004)

En la clinica diaria no es infrecuente encontrarnos con un maxilar superior atrofico y menos aun con un canino superior incluido. Lo que si suele ser menos frecuente es encontrarnos las dos cosas a la vez en el mismo paciente. Y eso nos plantea dos problemas importantes a la hora de rehabilitar al paciente, el cual a su vez, nos exige la maxima rapidez posible en la finalizacion del tratamiento. Esta claro que viendo el caso en desde el punto de vista global es un caso complejo por todas las maniobras quirurgicas a realizar, pero (y asi lo queremos hacer ver en este caso) si vemos por separado los tres procesos a realizar (exodoncia del canino incluido, elevacion sinusal y colocacion de implantes) no deberia de presentar ningun problema en cuanto a la predictibilidad de exito, ya que todos los pasos a realizar estan perfectamente protocolizados. Lo realizaremos todo en una sola fase quirurgica para reducir asi el tiempo total del tratamiento y satisfacer asi la demanda del paciente. Palabras clave: Elevacion sinusal. Implantes osteintegrados. Osteointegracion.
Anchored Regression Networks Applied to Age Estimation and Super Resolution (2017)

We propose the Anchored Regression Network (ARN), a nonlinear regression network which can be seamlessly integrated into various networks or can be used stand-alone when the features have already been fixed. Our ARN is a smoothed relaxation of a piecewise linear regressor through the combination of multiple linear regressors over soft assignments to anchor points. When the anchor points are fixed the optimal ARN regressors can be obtained with a closed form global solution, otherwise ARN admits end-to-end learning with standard gradient based methods. We demonstrate the power of the ARN by applying it to two very diverse and challenging tasks: age prediction from face images and image super-resolution. In both cases, ARNs yield strong results.
XIII.—On the Size of the Particles in Deep-sea Deposits (1917)

Summary A new method for the mechanical analysis of soils and deposits has been developed. It consists in weighing, from time to time, on a specially constructed balance, the amount of sediment accumulated on a circular disc suspended from the balance near the bottom of a vessel containing an aqueous suspension of the sample. From the “accumulation-curve” thus obtained one finds by a series of mathematical operations a “distribution-curve,” i.e. a curve showing how the amount of particles of a certain size varies with the latter quantity. This method has been applied to the study of some deep-sea deposits from the Challenger Office. The distribution-curves thus obtained show marked differences for the different samples, and reveal a surprising lack of very fine particles in the deposits from the largest depths, besides suggesting interesting problems for new research.
Repair effect of transplantation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the irradiation injured lung of rat (2012)

Objective To investigate the repair effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on the irradiation injured lung of rat and possible mechanisms.Methods Rat bone MSCs were extracted by density gradient centrifugation combined with adherrnce method.Female Lewis rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group,60COγ irradiation group,60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group.Tracking of MSCs were determined by PCR and Y chromosome fluorescent in situ hybridization (Y-FISH).The apoptosis of the lung cells was assessed by TUNEL staining.The level of tumor neerosisfactor-α(TNF-α) in lung was measured by ELISA.Results Y chromosome sequence was amplified in the irradiated recipient' s lung of rat.Moreover,cells with Sry gene were found in injured lung by Y-FISH in 60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group.Some of the Y chromosome positive cells also expressed SP-C,the marker of type Ⅱ pneumocytes.The apoptotic indexes of the injured lung in 60COγ irradiation group and 60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group were higher than those in normal control group.The apoptosis rates of the injured lung in 60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group were lower than those in 60COγ irradiation group.The TNF-α levels of the injured lung in 60COγ irradiation group and 60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group were significantly higher than those in normal control group.The TNF-α levels of the injured lung in 60COγ irradiation + MSCs transplantation group was significantly lower than that in 60COγ irradiation group.Conclusions MSCs transplantation can reduce the injured lung by 60COγ irradiation,through inhibits the apoptosis of injured lung,downregulates of the expression of TNF-α,and differentiate into type Ⅱ pneumocytes.

Key words: 
Mesenchymal stem cells ;  Tumor necrosis factor-α ;  Irradiation ;  Apoptosis
Automatic Vagus Nerve Stimulation Triggered by Ictal Tachycardia: Clinical Outcomes and Device Performance—The U.S. E-37 Trial (2015)

The Model 106 performed as intended in the study population, was well tolerated and associated with clinical improvement from baseline. The study design did not allow determination of which factors were responsible for improvements.
EVALUATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CFRP BY VARTM AND ITS APPLICATION (2006)

In the present study, we contrast the change of mechanical and physical properties between VaRTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding) and hand lay-up process. In the results of mechanical tests, VaRTM specimen is stronger than hand lay-up specimen and hand lay-up specimen became delamination. In the results of physical tests, the resin content of VaRTM specimen is lower than hand lay-up specimen. On micrograph, the strength of specimen by VaRTM between fiber and resin is stronger than that of one by hand lay-up. And the specimen by hand lay-up contains more defects than one by VaRTM. So, VaRTM process can practically apply for automobile engine hood. This paper shows that VaRTM process is one of the most suitable processes for composite parts of automobile.
Effect of ramipril on morbidity and mode of death among survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. A report from the AIRE Study Investigators. (1997)

Ramipril reduces mortality and progression to resistant heart failure among patients with evidence of heart failure early after myocardial infarction. Retarding the progression of heart failure appears to be a major factor contributing to the reduction in mortality both by reducing circulatory failure and by reducing sudden death.
CHLOROPLAST‐DNA AND ALLOZYMIC VARIATION IN DIPLOID AND AUTOTETRAPLOID HEUCHERA GROSSULARIIFOLIA (SAXIFRAGACEAE) (1990)

Diploid and autotetraploid populations of Heuchera grossulariifolia occur throughout mountainous regions of the Pacific Northwest. Controlled greenhouse crosses indicated that the two cytotypes are largely reproductively isolated. Fourteen diploid and 11 tetraploid populations were analyzed electrophoretically. Individual tetraploid plants expressed up to four alleles per isozyme locus, and tetraploid populations had significantly higher levels of heterozygosity than diploids. Mean observed heterozygosity was 0.159 for tetraploid populations and 0.058 for diploid populations. The patterns of allelic distribution between cytotypes suggested multiple origins of autotetraploids. This hypothesis was supported by restriction-site analysis of chloroplast-DNA (cpDNA) variation which indicated that there had been at least three independent origins of tetraploids. Electrophoretic data, in conjunction with a cpDNA-based phylogeny and geographic distribution of populations, suggest that autopolyploid populations evolved several times as migration of diploids occurred down river systems. This study further supports the contention that autopolyploidy can be a common and successful speciation process in some groups of plants.
Antipsychotic effects on cognition in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (2009)

Background and Objectives: Several studies have shown an improved performance on neuropsychological tests among patients treated with atypical antipsychotics compared to traditional ones. Here we present a meta-analysis of various randomised control trials with the aim of exploring whether patients treated with atypical agents obtain better results than those treated with traditional ones.
[Effect of interleukin-8 in cell invasion and proliferation of human breast cancer]. (2005)

Interleukin-8 may be the key factor involved in human breast cancer progression and invasion, and play an important role in cell invasion of breast cancer.
Improved synthesis of methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-(2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (DHP-218). (1988)

Attempts were made to improve the synthesis of methyl 2, 6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-(2-oxo-1, 3, 2-dioxaphosphorinan-2-yl)-1, 4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate (DHP-218), a new calcium antagonist. 2-Acetonyl-2-oxo-1, 3, 2-dioxaphosphosphorinane (5a), the key intermediate, was prepared from the allenylphosphonate (2) via the enaminophosphonate (4) in a good yield. Subsequently, the Knoevenagel condensation using 5a and the imine (6a) gave the benzylideneacetonylphosphonate (7a) in a good yield without the use of the Horner-Emons reaction. This condensation also gave good results for other acetonylphopshonates. The final step gave DHP-218 in a good yield through a modified Hantzsch synthesis with the use of a dehydrating agent. The overall yield was increased from 1.7% to 22%.
Comparison of immune responsiveness in mice after single or multiple donor-specific transfusions. (1984)

Immune responsiveness was compared in B6AF1 mice after one, two, three, or four donor-specific DBA/2 blood transfusions (DST). Ten days after the last transfusion, the spleen cells of transfused mice were assayed for direct lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity, for the ability to respond in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) and cell-mediated lymphocytotoxic (CML) assays to DBA/2 and C3H/He antigens, and for the ability to inhibit the MLC and CML response of normal B6AF1 to DBA/2 and C3H/He antigens. Immune responsiveness was also tested in B6AF1 2 to 80 days after a single DBA/2 DST. The MLC response of transfused mice was specifically suppressed to the blood donor after both single and multiple transfusions. The CML response to DBA/2 was suppressed after a single DST, but returned to normal after multiple transfusions. Spleen cells from transfused mice did not inhibit the MLC response of normal B6AF1 mice to DBA/2 or C3H/He antigens after one or two transfusions regardless of time tested, but were able to inhibit the response to both stimulators after three or more transfusions. The MLC response remained specifically suppressed to the blood donor for as long as 80 days after a single DST, while the CML response was suppressed up to 50 days after transfusion, but had returned to normal by 80 days.
The piezoelectric, elastic and dielectric constants for ceramics in the solid solution: (x) PbZro<sub>3</sub>− (1 − x − z) Pb(Zn<sub>⅓</sub>Nb<sub>⅔</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>− (z) PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (1996)

Abstract In earlier work the existence of a morphotropic phase boundary separating an antiferroelectric and a ferroelectric phase has been found in the solid solution system (x) PbZrO3 − (1 − x − z) Pb(Zn⅓Nb⅔)O3 - (z) PbTiO3 [PZNT (x/z)]. This paper further explores the electrical field dependence of various material properties near this boundary. Some of those properties measured are the piezoelectric coefficients (d31, K31 and Kp), the dielectric constant (ϵ33), and the elastic constant (s11 E. In addition, the pyroelectric effect and hysteresis behavior are also examined
Influences of neurotrophins on mammalian motoneurons <i>in vivo</i> (1993)

Several recently reported investigations have shown that a member of the neurotrophin family of neuronal growth factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), supports motoneurons in vitro and rescues motoneurons from naturally occurring and axotomy-induced cell death (Oppenheim et al., 1992b; Sendtner et al., 1992b; Yan et al., 1992; Koliatsos et al., 1993; Henderson et al., 1993). In the current study, we have explored the issue of whether BDNF and other neurotrophins act to regulate motoneuron survival during development and asked whether synthesis of motoneuron transmitter enzymes is also regulated. We first examined whether spinal motoneurons in newborn animals could retrogradely transport iodinated neurotrophins from their targets in a specific, receptor-mediated manner. We found that motoneurons readily transported NGF, BDNF, and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). The retrograde transport of one factor could be completely or largely blocked by excess of unlabeled homologous factor, but only partially blocked by excess of unlabeled heterologous factors. Since previous studies have shown that these three neurotrophins bind to the low-affinity NGF receptor, p75NGFR, with similar affinity, our data suggest that the retrograde transport of neurotrophins by motoneurons may be mediated by additional components, such as the trk family of proto-oncogenes. Consistent with this hypothesis, we demonstrate here that motoneurons express mRNA for two members of the trk family, trkB and trkC. Furthermore, both trkB and trkC were expressed by E13, consistent with a role for BDNF and NT-3 in regulating important developmental events involving motoneurons such as naturally occurring cell death. In order to determine which members of the neurotrophin family influence motoneuron survival and to assess the generality of their effects, we evaluated the abilities of NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 to save both spinal and cranial motoneurons after neonatal axotomy. Locally applied BDNF saved 40-70% of motoneurons which would ordinarily die after axotomy in lumbar and cranial motor pools, depending on the treatment protocol employed. NT-3 also exhibited some ability to rescue motoneurons and saved 20-25% of motoneurons which would die in the absence of treatment. Finally, we asked whether neurotrophins could influence synthesis of transmitter enzymes by motoneurons as well as their survival after axotomy. Locally applied BDNF and NT-3 could partially prevent the decrease of protein contents in L4 and L5 ventral roots which normally follows sciatic nerve transection. However, treatment with these neurotrophins did not prevent the decrease in choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in L4 and L5 ventral roots which results from this procedure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)