gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of alkaline pH on the activity of rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase. (1988)

The pH optimum of rat liver phenylalanine hydroxylase is dependent on the structure of the cofactor employed and on the state of activation of the enzyme. The tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent activity of native phenylalanine hydroxylase has a pH optimum of about 8.5. In contrast, the 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin-dependent activity is highest at pH 7.0. Activation of phenylalanine hydroxylase either by preincubation with phenylalanine or by limited proteolysis results in a shift of the pH optimum of the tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent activity to pH 7.0. Activation of the enzyme has no effect on the optimal pH of the 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin-dependent activity. The different pH optimum of the tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent activity of native phenylalanine hydroxylase is due to a change in the properties of the enzyme when the pH is increased from pH 7 to 9.5. Phenylalanine hydroxylase at alkaline pH appears to be in an altered conformation that is very similar to that of the enzyme which has been activated by preincubation with phenylalanine as determined by changes in the intrinsic protein fluorescence spectrum of the enzyme. Furthermore, phenylalanine hydroxylase which has been preincubated at an alkaline pH in the absence of phenylalanine and subsequently assayed at pH 7.0 in the presence of phenylalanine shows an increase in tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent activity similar to that exhibited by the enzyme which has been activated by preincubation with phenylalanine at neutral pH. Activation of the enzyme also occurs when m-tyrosine or tryptophan replace phenylalanine in the assay mixture. The predominant cause of the increase in activity of the enzyme immediately following preincubation at alkaline pH appears to be the increase in the rate of activation by the amino acid substrate. However, in the absence of substrate activation, phenylalanine hydroxylase preincubated at alkaline pH displays an approximately 2-fold greater intrinsic activity than the native enzyme.
A screen for hydroxymethylcytosine and formylcytosine binding proteins suggests functions in transcription and chromatin regulation (2013)

Our screen has identified novel proteins that bind to 5fC in genomic sequences with different CpG composition and suggests they regulate transcription and chromatin, hence opening up functional investigations of 5fC readers.
Interlinkage between Constructs of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)- A Study among E-Commerce Users in India (2016)

The study aims at testing Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) for e commerce in India based on four constructs of TAM i.e. perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, behavioural intention to use and actual usage. For this purpose, 12 selected variables were chosen and the study is conducted with a sample size of 28 internet users using purposive sampling. All participants were internet users with varying internet experience of 1-3 years or more, residing in Delhi. A structured questionnaire was used for primary data collection. The analysis has been conducted using factor analysis and correlation analysis. The study concludes that each of these two constructs namely Perceived usefulness and Behavioural intention were related to actual use e commerce in India, while the other two constructs were not found to have significant relation with usage of e-commerce. Keywords: E-commerce, online shopping, TAM, factor analysis, correlation.
<title>Solid object visualization of 3D ultrasound data</title> (2000)

Visualization of volumetric medical data is challenging. Rapid-prototyping (RP) equipment producing solid object prototype models of computer generated structures is directly applicable to visualization of medical anatomic data. The purpose of this study was to develop methods for transferring 3D Ultrasound (3DUS) data to RP equipment for visualization of patient anatomy. 3DUS data were acquired using research and clinical scanning systems. Scaling information was preserved and the data were segmented using threshold and local operators to extract features of interest, converted from voxel raster coordinate format to a set of polygons representing an iso-surface and transferred to the RP machine to create a solid 3D object. Fabrication required 30 to 60 minutes depending on object size and complexity. After creation the model could be touched and viewed. A '3D visualization hardcopy device' has advantages for conveying spatial relations compared to visualization using computer display systems. The hardcopy model may be used for teaching or therapy planning. Objects may be produced at the exact dimension of the original object or scaled up (or down) to facilitate matching the viewers reference frame more optimally. RP models represent a useful means of communicating important information in a tangible fashion to patients and physicians.
pH Titration Monitored by Quantum Cascade Laser-Based Vibrational Circular Dichroism (2014)

Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of aqueous solutions of proline were recorded in the course of titrations from basic to acidic pH using a spectrometer equipped with a quantum cascade laser (QCL) as an infrared light source in the spectral range from 1320 to 1220 cm(-1). The pH-dependent spectra were analyzed by singular value decomposition and global fitting of a two-pK Henderson-Hasselbalch model. The analysis delivered relative fractions of the three different protonation species. Their agreement with the relative fractions obtained from performing the same analysis on pH-dependent Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and QCL-IR spectra validates the quantitative results from QCL-VCD. Global fitting of the pH-dependent VCD spectra of L-proline allowed for extraction of pure spectra corresponding to anionic, zwitterionic, and cationic L-proline. From a static experiment, only pure spectra of the zwitterion would be accessible in a straightforward way. A comparison to VCD spectra calculated for all three species led to assignment of vibrational modes that are characteristic for the respective protonation states. The study demonstrates the applicability of QCL-VCD both for quantitative evaluation and for qualitative interpretation of dynamic processes in aqueous solutions.
Morphology of Template-Grown Polyaniline Nanowires and Its Effect on the Electrochemical Capacitance of Nanowire Arrays (2008)

The morphology of polyaniline nanowires grown electrochemically in anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates is strongly influenced by the supporting electrolyte concentration, the potential of electropolymerization, the growth time, and the monomer concentration. Increasing the sulfuric acid concentration during growth induces a transition from solid nanowires with tubular ends to open nanowires. Current transient data for nanowire growth were interpreted quantitatively in terms of instantaneous and progressive nucleation and growth models, and this analysis was consistent with the observed concentration and potential dependence of nanowire vs nanotube growth. The electrochemical capacitance of nanowire arrays in AAO templates was shown to be related to the morphology of the nanowires. Specific capacitance values in the range of 700 F/g (measured at a charge/discharge rate of 5 A/g) were obtained for porous nanowires grown at 0.5 M aniline concentration at high overpotential in 1.5−2.0 M sulfuric acid solutions.
Quasi-monochromatic x-rays for diagnostic radiology (2003)

Monochromatic x-ray beams are desirable in various fields of diagnostic radiology; in fact a reduction of the dose and an enhancement of the contrast could be achieved. In this work two different methods to monochromatize x-ray beams produced by conventional tubes have been compared. In the first one the beam is obtained via Bragg diffraction on mosaic crystal and in the second one by attenuating the polychromatic beam with aluminium filters. We have simulated quasi-monochromatic x-ray spectra by setting suitable values of Bragg's angle to obtain beams tuned to 20, 30, 40 and 50 keV with the SHADOW code, an x-ray tracing program designed to study the propagation and the interaction of a photon beam through an optical system. We have validated such a program by comparing some calculated data with measurements carried out on an experimental apparatus. Attenuated polychromatic x-ray spectra have been simulated by setting appropriate values of aluminium filters and potential with the SPECTRUM PROCESSOR, the software version of the Catalogue of Spectral Data for Diagnostic X-Rays, which provides radiographic x-ray spectra that can be attenuated with several material filters. The relation between the energy resolution and the flux as a function of the mean energy has been investigated and results have been compared. Results show that quasi-monochromatic x-ray beams produced via Bragg diffraction exhibit, for a given mean energy and energy resolution, a higher total flux compared to attenuated spectra.
Does estrogen prevent skin aging? Results from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) (1997)

These results strongly suggest that estrogen use prevents dry skin and skin wrinkling, thus extending the potential benefits of postmenopausal estrogen therapy to include protection against selected age- and menopause-associated dermatologic conditions.
Norepinephrine and Dopamine Modulate Impulsivity on the Five-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task Through Opponent Actions in the Shell and Core Sub-Regions of the Nucleus Accumbens (2012)

Impulsive behavior is a hallmark of several neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD). Although dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) have a significant role in the modulation of impulsivity their neural loci of action is not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of the selective NE re-uptake inhibitor atomoxetine (ATO) and the mixed DA/NE re-uptake inhibitor methylphenidate (MPH), both with proven clinical efficacy in ADHD, on the number of premature responses on a five-choice serial reaction time task, an operational measure of impulsivity. Microinfusions of ATO into the shell, but not the core, sub-region of the nucleus accumbens (NAcb) significantly decreased premature responding whereas infusions of MPH in the core, but not the shell, sub-region significantly increased premature responding. However, neither ATO nor MPH significantly altered impulsive behavior when infused into the prelimbic or infralimbic cortices. The opposing effects of ATO and MPH in the NAcb core and shell on impulsivity were unlikely mediated by ancillary effects on behavioral activation as locomotor activity was either unaffected, as in the case of ATO infusions in the core and shell, or increased when MPH was infused into either the core and shell sub-region. These findings indicate an apparently 'opponent' modulation of premature responses by NE and DA in the NAcb shell or core, respectively, and suggest that the symptom clusters of hyperactive-impulsive type ADHD may have distinct neural and neurochemical substrates.
Modeling, design and characterization of a new low-jitter analog dual tuning LC-VCO PLL architecture (2005)

This paper describes the modeling, design, and characterization of a low-jitter 2.4-GHz LC-VCO PLL architecture realized in a standard 0.12-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. It features an analog dual control loop for fine and coarse VCO tuning that allows very low VCO gain (60 MHz/V) for noise rejection while maintaining a wide tuning range. The coarse input of the VCO is driven by an analog circuit that adjusts the VCO gain in a continuous manner. Measurements demonstrate an integrated jitter of 0.74 ps that is 43% lower compared to results from a standard PLL topology (STD PLL) with a single control loop. The PLLs have the same bandwidth and output frequency range and were built on the same wafer for comparison. The circuit area of the proposed LC-VCO PLL is 0.7 mm/sup 2/ and the power consumption is 32 mW. The area and power consumption of the proposed LC-VCO PLL are less than 1% larger compared to the STD PLL.
Tachinid (Diptera: Tachinidae) Parasitoids of Overwintered Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Pupae in Hazelnut Plantations in Samsun Province, Turkey (2012)

The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), is an exotic, defoliating larval pest in Europe and Asia. More than 4,000 overwintered pupae of H. cunea were collected from hazelnut plantations in Samsun province, Turkey in 2008 and 2009. Two tachinid species, Compsilura concinnata and Nemoraea pellucida , were reared in both 2008 and 2009. Species richness at sites ranged from 1 to 2 species. Parasitism was 2.4 times higher in 2009 than in 2008. The highest total parasitism for any site was 23.6% in 2009. Nemoraea pellucida parasitised 2.4% of all pupae collected, was responsible for 94.6% of all tachinid parasitism, and had the highest parasitism rate of 19.4% for any site. Compsilura concinnata parasitised 0.14% of all pupae and was responsible for 5.4% of tachinid parasitism.
Study on tissue culture of quality blueberry plantlets. (2010)

The results from studying the comprehensive culture technique of quality blueberry plantlets showed that the optimum condition for acclimating plantlets was 15℃,80% humidity and 30% transmittance for 12～20d,the plantlets were transplanted in T72 or T50 trays with 3 humic mycorrhiza soil ∶2 pearlite at preliminary culture stage,the plantlets were transplanted in a plastic pod(14cm×14cm)with 4 humic mycorrhiza soil∶1 yellow subsoil under 50% transmittance for culturing plantlets of P+1 type,and the plantlets at fast growth stage should be applied by fertilizer solution with 3.42g/m2 CO(NH2)2,4.7 g/m2 Ca(H2PO4)2,1.43g/m2 K2SO4,0.03g/m2 trace-element fertilizer.
Hierarchical Porous Carbon Materials with High Capacitance Derived from Schiff-Base Networks (2015)

A type of hierarchical porous carbon material was prepared using a Schiff-base network as the precursor and ZnCl2 as the activation agent, and their electrochemical performances were investigated in acid and alkaline aqueous solutions, respectively. The as-prepared materials have high surface areas, appropriate distributions of hierarchical pore sizes, and various forms of nitrogen/oxygen derivatives. These structural advantages guarantee the outstanding performances of such carbon materials as electrodes for supercapacitors, which include high specific capacitances, fast current responses, and high cycling stabilities.
Aggregated Low-Density Lipoprotein Uptake Induces Membrane Tissue Factor Procoagulant Activity and Microparticle Release in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (2004)

VSMC-TF expression is upregulated by both nLDL and agLDL. However, only agLDL engagement to LDL receptor-related protein induced cellular TF procoagulant activity and TF release by human VSMCs.
Microscale Elemental Imaging of Semiconductor Materials Using Focused Ion Beam Sims (1998)

Abstract The semiconductor industry demands elemental information from ever smaller regions. Two types of information in demand are two dimensional dopant profiles for the MOS transisitor and identification of particles as small as 30 nm diameter. The work of Levi-Setti and others resulted in liquid metal ion source (LMIS) instruments that provided secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) images using Ga+ beams with 20 nm lateral resolution. It is now possible to purchase focused ion beam (FIB) systems with 5 nm beam capability and SIMS detection. The application of LMIS SIMS to meet semiconductor demands has been pursued in our laboratory with a FEI-800 FIB. SIMS imaging of semiconductor patterns after etch has shown the ability to identify boron and carbon contamination. Figure 1 shows boron in a comb structure after a BC13 etch. The boron can be shown to be removed by a cleaning step.
Cycling endurance optimization scheme for 1Mb STT-MRAM in 40nm technology (2013)

Spin-transfer-torque (STT) MRAM is considered as a good candidate for next-generation memory that can replace Flash, SRAM and DRAM as well. As a replacement of SRAM or DRAM, write endurance more than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> cycles is required. However, due to limitation in the reliability of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), the required endurance may not be achieved if the MTJ is overstressed by the write voltage. In this paper, a new write-path design with wire-resistance-balance scheme is presented that minimizes the voltage stress on MTJ during write operation for cells near the write buffer. Simulation shows the voltage across MTJ becomes more uniform for cells from top to bottom of array. This new scheme is implemented into 1Mb MRAM test-chip and is fabricated in TSMC 40nm low-power process. Cycling testing shows that write endurance can be improved as compared to the previous design.
CD14 in the Inflammatory Response (1999)

In a world full of pathogens the ability to detect an incipient infection and to respond rapidly and appropriately to it is a decisive part of our survival strategy. The innate immune system provides the first response to an infection by initiating an inflammatory response and the monocyte surface molecule CD14 is a key element in this response sys
High Efficacy of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin as First-Line Therapy in Advanced Breast Cancer: A Phase I-II Study (2000)

The aim of this study was to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of paclitaxel (TAX) in combination with doxorubicin (ADM). To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of this combination, TAX was administered in escalating doses of 30 mg/m2, starting from 120 mg/m2, by 1 hour continuous infusion, per group of three patients; ADM was administered at a fixed dose of 50 mg/m2, 24 hours before administering TAX (phase 1). The combination was recycled every 3 weeks. In phase II, TAX was administered at the MTD defined in phase I. Thirty-six women were enrolled. The MTD of TAX was 220 mg/m2. Objective responses were observed in 28/34 (82%) assessable patients. The median progression-free survival was 11.8 months and overall survival 27.8 months. The main clinical toxicity was neutropenia (grade III-IV) of short duration (94%). Two patients developed cardiac toxicity. The combination TAX+ADM is very effective in advanced breast cancer.
Ozone Reaction with 1-Hexene -<i>Clue to Smog Formation</i> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOzone Reaction with 1-Hexene -Clue to Smog FormationBernard E. Saltzman and Nathan. GilbertCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1959, 51, 11, 1415–1420Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50599a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50599a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views71Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Providing Spatial Decision Support for Rural Public Service Facilities That Require a Minimum Workload (1996)

One class of spatial problems is concerned with the location of facilities and the allocation of demand to them. A special case occurs in rural areas where a minimum workload may be needed to ensure the viability of a facility. Where a facility does not meet this threshold workload, demand may be reallocated from adjacent centres that exceed their thresholds. Decisionmakers traditionally have undertaken this reallocation process either by using optimising algorithms or by adopting subjective self-identified changes to the system. An algorithm, called ADJUST, has been developed to bridge these two approaches. Although ADJUST identifies a sequence of demand units to be reallocated that least increase the total distance travelled in the system, decisionmakers explicitly control the trade-off between meeting the workload threshold of a facility and the extra distance incurred in reallocating a demand unit to it. Such a supervised trade-off process is applicable to a broad class of geographic problems. We describe the strategies employed by a group of decisionmakers when they used ADJUST to reorganise area education authorities in Iowa, the implementation of the algorithm, and possible extensions to enhance its ability to support collaborative spatial decisionmaking processes.
Accelerometery-based adaptive noise cancellation for remote physiological monitoring by a wearable pulse oximeter (2007)

The implementation of wearable diagnostic devices would enable real-time remote physiological assessment and facilitate triage of injured persons operating in dangerous and high-risk environments. For example, a wearable pulse oximeter to monitor arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) could enable field medics to monitor vital physiological information following critical injuries, thereby prioritizing live saving medical intervention. However, since photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals, from which SpO2 and HR measurements are derived, are compromised during movements, the applications of commercially available pulse oximeters require the wearer to remain at rest. This study was undertaken to investigate if accelerometry-based adaptive noise cancellation is effective in minimizing SpO2 and HR errors induced during jogging exercises to simulate artifacts expected to occur in the field. Since transmission-type pulse oximeters utilizing fingertip sensors are highly vulnerable to motion artifacts, measurements were performed using a custom, forehead-mounted pulse oximeter. Preliminary tests revealed that processing the motion corrupted PPG signals by a simple least mean squared (LMS) adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) algorithm can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of motion-corrupted PPG signals, thereby reducing SpO2 and HR errors during jogging.
16S Classifier: A Tool for Fast and Accurate Taxonomic Classification of 16S rRNA Hypervariable Regions in Metagenomic Datasets (2015)

The diversity of microbial species in a metagenomic study is commonly assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. With the rapid developments in genome sequencing technologies, the focus has shifted towards the sequencing of hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene instead of full length gene sequencing. Therefore, 16S Classifier is developed using a machine learning method, Random Forest, for faster and accurate taxonomic classification of short hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA sequence. It displayed precision values of up to 0.91 on training datasets and the precision values of up to 0.98 on the test dataset. On real metagenomic datasets, it showed up to 99.7% accuracy at the phylum level and up to 99.0% accuracy at the genus level. 16S Classifier is available freely at http://metagenomics.iiserb.ac.in/16Sclassifier and http://metabiosys.iiserb.ac.in/16Sclassifier.