gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crown cation complex effects. 10. Potassium tert-butoxide mediated penultimate oxidative hydrolysis of nitriles (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrown cation complex effects. 10. Potassium tert-butoxide mediated penultimate oxidative hydrolysis of nitrilesStephen A. DiBiase, Raymond P. Wolak Jr., Dennis M Dishong, and George W. GokelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 18, 3630–3634Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01306a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01306a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views956Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intestinal Colonization and Virulence of <i>Salmonella</i> in Mice (1978)

Within 3 h after oral challenge of mice with Salmonella typhimurium, foci of infection developed in the Peyer's patches of the small intestine. The numbers of organisms in the cecum, although in excess of those found in the small intestine, were not firmly associated with the cecal wall but were present largely in the cecum's contents. The Peyer's patches at first were remarkably incapable of eliminating even small numbers of Salmonella, but at about 7 days after infection developed the ability to eliminate a less virulent strain of S. typhimurium. Selected strains of Salmonella of varied virulence, and hybrid Escherichia coli/Salmonella typhimurium with varied O-antigens, revealed that those of low virulence could multiply within the intestinal Peyer's patches at nearly the same rate as a virulent strain, and the ability to multiply within the Peyer's patches was not dependent upon O-antigen type or smooth lipopolysaccharide. The ability of these strains to adhere to intestinal mucosa in vitro did not reflect on their ability to colonize the Peyer's patches, although strains of high in vitro adhesive ability appeared in greater numbers initially after oral challenge. Anti-O serum, ineffective in reducing the in vitro adhesive ability of virulent S. typhimurium, when given with the oral challenge prevented Peyer's patch colonization but was unable to prevent the appearance of a systemic infection. Anti-H serum, although effective in vitro in preventing adherence, had no effect in vivo. These experiments suggest that adhesiveness is neither essential nor sufficient for the virulence of Salmonella and that the usual development of a systemic infection after colonization of the small intestinal Peyer's patches may be subverted by the presence of O-antibody.
AVALANCHE INJECTION CURRENTS AND CHARGING PHENOMENA IN THERMAL SiO2 (1969)

Injection of carriers into thermally grown SiO2 from an avalanche plasma in silicon is a new way of achieving high current densities in SiO2. Electron injection from p-type silicon and hole injection from n-type silicon by hot carrier emission have been observed. Average electron current densities as high as 10−2 A/cm2 have been observed to flow through 1000 Å of SiO2. The oxide becomes negatively charged as a result of electron injection and positively charged as a result of hole injection. These charging effects appear to be related to the presence of water in the oxide.
Auditory and visual 3D virtual reality therapy for chronic subjective tinnitus: theoretical framework (2009)

It is estimated that ~10% of the adult population in developed countries is affected by subjective tinnitus. Physiopathology of subjective tinnitus remains incompletely explained. Nevertheless, subjective tinnitus is thought to result from hyperactivity and neuroplastic reorganization of cortical and subcortical networks following acoustic deafferentation induced by cochlear or auditory nerve damage. Involvement of both auditory and non-auditory central nervous pathways explains the conscious perception of tinnitus and also the potentially incapacitating discomfort experienced by some patients (sound hypersensitivity, sleep disorders, attention deficit, anxiety or depression). These clinical patterns are similar to those observed in chronic pain following amputation where conditioning techniques using virtual reality have been shown both to be theoretically interesting and effectively useful. This analogy led us to develop an innovative setup with dedicated auditory and visual 3D virtual reality environments in which unilateral subjective tinnitus sufferers are given the possibility to voluntarily manipulate an auditory and visual image of their tinnitus (tinnitus avatar). By doing so, the patients will be able to transfer their subjective auditory perception to the tinnitus avatar and to gain agency on this multimodal virtual percept they hear, see and spatially control. Repeated sessions of such virtual reality immersions are then supposed to contribute to tinnitus treatment by promoting cerebral plasticity. This paper describes the theoretical framework and setup adjustments required by this very first attempt to adapt virtual reality techniques to subjective tinnitus treatment. Therapeutic usefulness will be validated by a further controlled clinical trial.
Knowledge Transfer for Scene-specific Motion Prediction (2016)

When given a single frame of the video, humans can not only interpret the content of the scene, but also they are able to forecast the near future. This ability is mostly driven by their rich prior knowledge about the visual world, both in terms of (i) the dynamics of moving agents, as well as (ii) the semantic of the scene. In this work we exploit the interplay between these two key elements to predict scene-specific motion patterns. First, we extract patch descriptors encoding the probability of moving to the adjacent patches, and the probability of being in that particular patch or changing behavior. Then, we introduce a Dynamic Bayesian Network which exploits this scene specific knowledge for trajectory prediction. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is able to accurately predict trajectories and transfer predictions to a novel scene characterized by similar elements.
Micrograft Size and Subsequent Survival (1997)

Extremely high survival rates of micrografts are obtainable by transplanting intact follicular clumps with protective tissue around the micrograft, and preserving the follicular clump's sebaceous gland. These survival rates were not achieved when micrografts were produced by splitting individual hairs away from a naturally occurring follicular clump.
Testing Methods and Corrosion Control Measures For Buried Telephone Cable (1957)

Most of the thousands of miles of buried telephone cable installed by the Bell System have been placed within the past 10 to 15 years. Although relatively few serious corrosion troubles have been experienced on these cables to date, investigations have indicated that damage due to corrosion on this type of plant may be expected to increase unless special mitigative measures are employed. The number of miles of cable involved has made desirable the development of special layout records which will serve as a base for recording such field data as potential of cable to reference electrodes, sheath current flow measurements, location of corrosion troubles, etc. One such record developed by the author is described. The difficulty involved in obtaining access to buried cable at the frequent intervals desirable for measurement of current flow on the cable sheath has led to consideration of other means of testing to more precisely locate areas of current loss and the amount of current discharged to the soil. Testing methods now under field trial by the author are discussed. Utilization of data obtained by the above methods to determine the probable life of a cable from a corrosion standpoint and for balancing the estimated cost of remedial measures for an expected cable life against the cost of replacing the cable at some future date are also described. 7.7
Detection and Diagnosis of Plant-wide Oscillations: An application study (2004)

This paper presents an overview of the emerging techniques for oscillation detection and diagnosis and investigate their e#ciency through an industrial case study. The recently proposed autocorrelation function based method [15] is used for detection of multiple oscillations in process measurements and identifying signals having common oscillations. The signals having common oscillatory behavior are analyzed for the possible presence of valve stiction using the Higher Order Statistical method [1]. This method is helpful in identifying the key variables that are most likely to be the root cause of oscillations. We also present some issues pertinent to the diagnosis of oscillations, which are potential directions for future research.
A Novel Analytical Method for Assessing Glucose Variability: Using CGMS in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (2006)

These results suggest the potential utility of several novel methods for assessing variability and glycemic extremes to gauge the effects of pharmacological interventions not captured by glycosylated hemoglobin.
Connectivity and route analysis for a maritime communication network (2007)

We are interested in extending the coverage of a terrestrial wireless communication network to the sea so that cost effective communications can be provided to the ships. The coverage extension can be achieved by using ships as relay nodes for other ships that are further away. This paper studies the feasibility of doing so at the Singapore East Coast. The feasibility is based on having 90% of the nodes connected to the terrestrial network 90% of the times. Using actual ship mobility traces in the area, we confirm that such a network is feasible when transmission range between land station and ship is at least 15 km and transmission range between ships is at least 8 km. For a feasible network, there are always multiple candidate routes between a ship and the land station, and the average path length of the candidate routes is about 1.8. This calls for possible use of multi-path routing protocols, and the short path length implies a potentially acceptable end-to-end delay for real-time traffic.
MEG resting state functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease related dementia (2008)

Parkinson's disease (PD) related dementia (PDD) develops in up to 60% of patients, but the pathophysiology is far from being elucidated. Abnormalities of resting state functional connectivity have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study was performed to determine whether PDD is likewise characterized by changes in resting state functional connectivity. MEG recordings were obtained in 13 demented and 13 non-demented PD patients. The synchronization likelihood (SL) was calculated within and between cortical areas in six frequency bands. Compared to non-demented PD, PDD was characterized by lower fronto-temporal SL in the alpha range, lower intertemporal SL in delta, theta and alpha1 bands as well as decreased centro-parietal gamma band synchronization. In addition, higher parieto-occipital synchronization in the alpha2 and beta bands was found in PDD. The observed changes in functional connectivity are reminiscent of changes in AD, and may reflect reduced cholinergic activity and/or loss of cortico-cortical anatomical connections in PDD.
Metabolic precision labeling enables selective probing of O-linked <i>N</i> -acetylgalactosamine glycosylation (2020)

Protein glycosylation events that happen early in the secretory pathway are often dysregulated during tumorigenesis. These events can be probed, in principle, by monosaccharides with bioorthogonal tags that would ideally be specific for distinct glycan subtypes. However, metabolic interconversion into other monosaccharides drastically reduces such specificity in the living cell. Here, we use a structure-based design process to develop the monosaccharide probe <i>N</i>-(<i>S</i>)-azidopropionylgalactosamine (GalNAzMe) that is specific for cancer-relevant Ser/Thr(O)-linked <i>N</i>-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) glycosylation. By virtue of a branched <i>N</i>-acylamide side chain, GalNAzMe is not interconverted by epimerization to the corresponding <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine analog by the epimerase <i>N</i>-acetylgalactosamine-4-epimerase (GALE) like conventional GalNAc-based probes. GalNAzMe enters O-GalNAc glycosylation but does not enter other major cell surface glycan types including Asn(N)-linked glycans. We transfect cells with the engineered pyrophosphorylase mut-AGX1 to biosynthesize the nucleotide-sugar donor uridine diphosphate (UDP)-GalNAzMe from a sugar-1-phosphate precursor. Tagged with a bioorthogonal azide group, GalNAzMe serves as an O-glycan-specific reporter in superresolution microscopy, chemical glycoproteomics, a genome-wide CRISPR-knockout (CRISPR-KO) screen, and imaging of intestinal organoids. Additional ectopic expression of an engineered glycosyltransferase, "bump-and-hole" (BH)-GalNAc-T2, boosts labeling in a programmable fashion by increasing incorporation of GalNAzMe into the cell surface glycoproteome. Alleviating the need for GALE-KO cells in metabolic labeling experiments, GalNAzMe is a precision tool that allows a detailed view into the biology of a major type of cancer-relevant protein glycosylation.
INFLUENCE OF SOME OPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE FACTORS ON CAPSULAR CONTRACTURE AROUND BREAST PROSTHESES (1978)

In a follow-up of 490 patients with breast implants, neither the size of the prosthesis nor the nature of the surgical procedure (simple augmentation mammaplasty or after subcutaneous mastectomy) increased the incidence of capsular contracture. Hematoma or infection were followed by a higher incidence of capsular contracture. Drainage with suction and the instillation of steroid around the prostheses seemed to be effective in reducing the incidence of capsular contracture. In the steroid-treated group, the need for open surgical treatment was reduced. The recurrence rate after closed capsulotomy, or open capsulotomy, was not significantly different from that following the more extensive procedure of capsulectomy.
High temperature joints manufactured at low temperature (2002)

A fluxless bonding process using either indium-silver or tin-copper multilayer composite to produce high temperature joints at relatively low temperature has been developed. The process temperatures for indium-silver and tin-copper system are 210/spl deg/C and 280/spl deg/C, respectively. Joints, which are almost void-free, with melting temperatures of 210/spl deg/C and 415/spl deg/C, respectively, are made. After further annealing at 150/spl deg/C for In-Ag and 280/spl deg/C for Sn-Cu, the re-melting temperature of the joints increases to above 700/spl deg/C. The technique, thus, provides a quantum jump to the post-processing temperature of component fabrication. In either process, the joints are examined using a scanning acoustic microscope to confirm the bonding quality. The joint cross-sections are studied using SEM and EDX to find the microstructure and composition. Upon deposition, In interacts with Ag to become In-AgIn/sub 2/ composite, and Sn interacts with Cu to become Sn-Cu/sub 6/Sns composite. The intermetallic compounds AgIn/sub 2/ and Cu/sub 6/SnS prevent the In and Sn layers from oxidation in atmosphere. Thus no flux is needed. Besides the fluxless feature, the low process temperature would significantly reduce the stresses developed due to thermal expansion mismatch comparing to the otherwise high temperature processes with temperature exceeding the melting temperature. The multilayer bonding method also facilitates precise control of the alloy composition and the joint thickness. The new technique should find applications in the emergent high temperature electronic devices.
Manned space flight--some scientific results. (1965)

The paper presents the data of medical monitoring and physiological research carried out during the flights of V.F. Bykovsky, V.V. Tereshkhova and partially of G. Cooper. The results of measurements of hygienic parameters and microclimate testify to good reliability of life-support systems employed aboard the spacecraft. The analysis of the information of medical monitoring and physiological investigations allows the conclusion to be made that 5-day manned space flight causes no pathological changes. No essential peculiarities related to tolerance of flight factors by woman as compared to man have been revealed either. In conclusion the authors formulate basic tasks confronting physicians in performing physiological and hygienic investigations to promote further development of manned space flight.
DAG accumulation from saturated fatty acids desensitizes insulin stimulation of glucose uptake in muscle cells (2001)

The increased availability of saturated lipids has been correlated with development of insulin resistance, although the basis for this impairment is not defined. This work examined the interaction of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FA) with insulin stimulation of glucose uptake and its relation to the FA incorporation into different lipid pools in cultured human muscle. It is shown that basal or insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake was unaltered in cells preincubated with oleate, whereas basal glucose uptake was increased and insulin response was impaired in palmitate- and stearate-loaded cells. Analysis of the incorporation of FA into different lipid pools showed that palmitate, stearate, and oleate were similarly incorporated into phospholipids (PL) and did not modify the FA profile. In contrast, differences were observed in the total incorporation of FA into triacylglycerides (TAG): unsaturated FA were readily diverted toward TAG, whereas saturated FA could accumulate as diacylglycerol (DAG). Treatment with palmitate increased the activity of membrane-associated protein kinase C, whereas oleate had no effect. Mixture of palmitate with oleate diverted the saturated FA toward TAG and abolished its effect on glucose uptake. In conclusion, our data indicate that saturated FA-promoted changes in basal glucose uptake and insulin response were not correlated to a modification of the FA profile in PL or TAG accumulation. In contrast, these changes were related to saturated FA being accumulated as DAG and activating protein kinase C. Therefore, our results suggest that accumulation of DAG may be a molecular link between an increased availability of saturated FA and the induction of insulin resistance.
Feature detection on 3-D images of dental imprints (2002)

A computer vision approach for the extraction of feature points on 3D images of dental imprints is presented. The position of feature points are needed for the measurement of a set of parameters for automatic diagnosis of malocclusion problems in orthodontics. The system for the acquisition of the 3D profile of the imprint, the procedure for the detection of the interstices between teeth, and the approach for the identification of the type of tooth are described. The algorithm for the reconstruction of the surface of each type of tooth is presented. A new approach for the detection of feature points, called the watershed algorithm, is described in detail. The algorithm is a two-stage procedure which tracks the position of local minima at four different scales and produces a final map of the position of the minima. Experimental results of the application of the watershed algorithm on actual 3D images of dental imprints are presented for molars, premolars and canines. The segmentation approach for the analysis of the shape of incisors is also described in detail.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Novel Function for the rTS gene (2003)

The rTS gene codes for a naturally occurring antisense RNA to thymidylate synthase (TS) mRNA and two proteins (rTSalpha and rTSbeta). The role of the major protein product of rTS, rTSbeta has been linked to alterations in TS protein expression, but the precise function of rTSbeta is unknown. In this report we demonstrate that increased expression of rTSbeta is associated with the decrease in TS protein expression due to production of novel, diffusible signal molecules. These signal molecules are produced more abundantly when rTSbeta amounts are elevated. This hypothesis is supported by the demonstration that the rTSbeta-overproducing cell line H630-1 can downregulate TS protein in other cells without direct cellular contact. These cells are shown to secrete significant amounts of lipophilic metabolites derived from methionine, in contrast to cells that do not overproduce rTSbeta. In support of the hypothesis that rTSbeta is essential for the generation of these compounds, we demonstrate that rTSbeta can catalyze the transfer of the carboxyl carbon of methionine from S-adenosylmethionine to a lipophilic acceptor molecule in vitro. We propose rTS is involved in regulation of TS through a novel methionine-based signaling pathway.
Skin Cancer in Organ Transplant Recipients—Where Do We Stand Today? (2008)

Skin cancers are the most frequent malignancies in organ transplant recipients (OTR), with 95% being nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), especially squamous (SCC) and basal cell carcinomas. Most OTR with a first SCC subsequently develop multiple NMSC within 5 years, highlighting the concept of 'field cancerization', and are also at high risk for noncutaneous cancers. In order to reduce the tumor burden in these patients, their management requires an interdisciplinary approach including revision of immunosuppression, new dermatological treatments and adequate education about photoprotection in specialized dermatology clinics for OTR. Whereas surgery remains the gold-standard therapy for NMSC, noninvasive methods have shown promising results to treat superficial keratoses and subclinical lesions on large body areas. Although the threshold of skin cancer necessitating revision of immunosuppression is debated, this measure should be envisaged at the occurrence of the first SCC, or in case of multiple non-SCC NMSC. While the role of immunosuppressants in the occurrence of NMSC is widely recognized, the best immunosuppressive strategies remain to be defined. Presently, randomized prospective studies assess the burden of new skin tumors, as well as graft and patient survival, in patients with one or several NMSC after the introduction of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitors.
Design and performance of miniaturized wearable antennas in UHF band (2014)

Slotted wearable PIFA antenna in the UHF band is proposed and analyzed. The interaction between antenna and human body through the slot in the ground plane is investigated in terms of equivalent scheme, and it was shown that the strongest radiation into the body occurs when patch is placed above the slot. The values of elements in equivalent electric scheme of the slot are calculated and verified by simulations.