gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypothesis Creation in Organizational Behavior Research. (1976)

The field of organizational behavior has begun to place undue emphasis on hypothesis testing and thereby underemphasize hypothesis generation. After suggesting several reasons for this, this paper reviews how useful research ideas are discovered and the prerequisites for hypothesis creation, and then catalogues hypothesis generation. Suggested criteria for acting on new research ideas and questions are: extensity, professional encounter, mental experiments, and timing.
Eritadenine-induced Alterations of Plasma Lipoprotein Lipid Concentrations and Phosphatidylcholine Molecular Species Profile in Rats Fed Cholesterol-free and Cholesterol-enriched Diets (2003)

The effects of dietary eritadenine on the concentration of plasma lipoprotein lipids and the molecular species profile of plasma lipoprotein phosphatidylcholine (PC) were investigated in rats fed cholesterol-free and cholesterol-enriched diets to obtain insights into the relationship between the changes in PC molecular species profile and the hypocholesterolemic action of eritadenine. The effect of eritadenine on the secretion rate of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) from the liver was also estimated. Rats were fed the control or eritadenine-supplemented (50 mg/kg) diets with or without exogenous cholesterol for 14 d. Eritadenine supplementation significantly decreased the cholesterol of major plasma lipoproteins, high density lipoprotein and VLDL, in rats fed cholesterol-free and cholesterol-enriched diets, respectively. The ratio of PC to phosphatidylethanolamine, delta6-desaturase activity, and the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid in liver microsomes were markedly decreased by eritadenine irrespective of the presence or absence of exogenous cholesterol. Dietary eritadenine increased the proportion of 16:0-18:2 molecular species with a decrease in 18:0-20:4 in plasma lipoprotein PC in both rats fed cholesterol-free and cholesterol-enriched diets. Eritadenine did not depress the secretion rate of VLDL in rats fed a cholesterol-free diet containing a high level of choline. The results indicate that dietary eritadenine elicits its hypocholesterolemic action with modulations of the fatty acid and molecular species profiles of PC irrespective of the presence or absence of exogenous cholesterol. The eritadenine-induced alteration of PC molecular species profile is discussed in relation to the hypocholesterolemic action of eritadenine.
Accurate Weed Mapping and Prescription Map Generation Based on Fully Convolutional Networks Using UAV Imagery (2018)

Chemical control is necessary in order to control weed infestation and to ensure a rice yield. However, excessive use of herbicides has caused serious agronomic and environmental problems. Site specific weed management (SSWM) recommends an appropriate dose of herbicides according to the weed coverage, which may reduce the use of herbicides while enhancing their chemical effects. In the context of SSWM, the weed cover map and prescription map must be generated in order to carry out the accurate spraying. In this paper, high resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery were captured over a rice field. Different workflows were evaluated to generate the weed cover map for the whole field. Fully convolutional networks (FCN) was applied for a pixel-level classification. Theoretical analysis and practical evaluation were carried out to seek for an architecture improvement and performance boost. A chessboard segmentation process was used to build the grid framework of the prescription map. The experimental results showed that the overall accuracy and mean intersection over union (mean IU) for weed mapping using FCN-4s were 0.9196 and 0.8473, and the total time (including the data collection and data processing) required to generate the weed cover map for the entire field (50 × 60 m) was less than half an hour. Different weed thresholds (0.00⁻0.25, with an interval of 0.05) were used for the prescription map generation. High accuracies (above 0.94) were observed for all of the threshold values, and the relevant herbicide saving ranged from 58.3% to 70.8%. All of the experimental results demonstrated that the method used in this work has the potential to produce an accurate weed cover map and prescription map in SSWM applications.
The Crystal Structure Of Pyruvate Decarboxylase From Kluyveromyces Lactis (2005)

Hasylab Ann. Rep. 2005, 307-308 This report illustrates the crystal structure of pyruvate decarboxylase from <em>Kluyveromyces lactis</em>.
Penan Benalui Wild-Plant Use, Classification, and Nomenclature (2007)

The Penan Benalui, former hunter-gatherers, started becoming sedentary in the mid-1950s. They have a detailed classification system for wild plants and recognize many useful wild plants, but their use knowledge is relatively simple and differs from that of Bornean farmers. Men are more knowledgeable than women about forest plants. Men often hunt in the forest and collect forest products, whereas women spend most of their time in the village. This suggests that ethnobotanical knowledge is closely related to forest activities. At the same time, the Penan Benalui have more than enough knowledge from a utilitarian point of view, and gaining knowledge depends to some extent on personal experience. The nature of the Penan Benalui classification of wild plants does not support previous theories regarding the relationships among use, classification, and nomenclature of organisms. It is possible that nomenclature patterns affect the classification mechanism.
Heat-transfer model assessment of chill rolls for polymer film extrusion (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHeat-transfer model assessment of chill rolls for polymer film extrusionEnio KumpinskyCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1993, 32, 11, 2866–2872Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00023a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00023a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views222Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Sintering Behaviour of T42 Water Atomised High Speed Steel Powder Under Vacuum and Industrial Atmospheres with Free Carbon Addition (1989)

(1989). Sintering Behaviour of T42 Water Atomised High Speed Steel Powder Under Vacuum and Industrial Atmospheres with Free Carbon Addition. Powder Metallurgy: Vol. 32, No. 4, pp. 291-299.
Adsorption of Block Copolymers from Selective Solvents on Curved Surfaces (2008)

We have investigated the adsorption of asymmetric poly(styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) block copolymers (PS-PMMA) from a selective solvent onto alumina (Al(2)O(3)) particles having variable and controllable radii. The solvent used was a bad solvent for the PS block (block A) and a good solvent for the PMMA block (block B), which has a higher affinity of the surface. Such a case represents a new class of adsorption, where both blocks compete for the adsorption sites of the metallic surface. Two theoretical models, the modified drops model and the perforated film model, have been evaluated as appropriate representation of such an adsorption scenario. The experimental results indicated that the adsorption of the PS-PMMA block copolymer generated a patterned surface comprised of a homogeneous melt layer of the PS block perforated with holes having a variable PMMA structure, depending on the distance from the bottom of the hole (alumina surface) and the distance from walls of the hole. The density gradient of the PMMA moiety in the hole reverted to the classical brush morphology at a critical distance from the surface of the hole.
A hybrid rule and machine learning based generic alerting platform for smart environments (2016)

Existing smart environment based alert solutions have adopted a relatively complex and tailored approach to supporting individuals. These solutions have involved sensor based monitoring, activity recognition and assistance provisioning. Traditionally they have suffered from a number of issues, rooted in scalability and performance, associated with complex activity recognition processes. This paper introduces a generic approach to realizing an alerting platform within a smart environment. The core concept of this approach is presented and placed within the context of related work. A description of the approach is provided, followed by an evaluation. This evaluation shows the approach offers reasonable accuracy, future work will increase accuracy.
Synthesis of Macromolecules by <i>Escherichia coli</i> near the Minimal Temperature for Growth (1967)

When a culture of Escherichia coli ML30 growing exponentially at 37 C in a glucose minimal medium was shifted abruptly to 10 C, growth decreased for about 4.5 hr. There was no net synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein. The cells, however, respired at a rate characteristic of cells growing in the steady state at 10 C and were able to accumulate alpha-methyl-d-glucoside. When growth recommenced at 10 C, protein synthesis started at 4 hr, RNA synthesis, with a burst at 6 hr, and DNA synthesis, with a burst at 7 hr. One synchronous division occurred at about 11 hr after shifting to 10 C. There was no alteration in the steady-state RNA to protein ratio. The results are discussed in relation to other reported effects of shifts in environmental conditions. The lag at 10 C was dependent on prior conditions of growth at 37 C. Growth at 37 C under conditions giving catabolite repression were necessary for the lag to be established on shifting to 10 C.
Fast determination of procyanidins and other phenolic compounds in food samples by micellar electrokinetic chromatography using acidic buffers (2001)

Procyanidins are phenolic oligomers, mainly composed of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin units that exhibit certain sensorial and physiological properties of interest (e.g., astringency and bitterness of food, antioxidant activity, etc.). This paper shows the development of a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method for the separation of three procyanidin dimers (B1, B2, and B3), their monomers ((+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin), and the cis- and trans-forms of p-coumaric acid. Separation conditions are optimized in terms of buffer pH, SDS concentration, and washing routine between injections. The best results in terms of peak resolution and reproducibility between separations were obtained with a MEKC running buffer at pH 5 with 100 mM SDS and a washing routine that includes a rinse step with 0.1 M sodium hydroxide. Using this new MEKC method it is possible to separate in less than 5 min the seven substances. More interestingly, it is demonstrated that the low pH used in this MEKC method allows one to obtain clean electropherograms when samples are injected. The method is shown to be reproducible between different days with relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 1% for migration times and lower than 7% for peak areas (3 days, 24 injections). The usefulness of this procedure to determine these compounds in effluents from food processing (i.e., soaking water from lentils, white beans and black beans) and in food by-products (i.e., almond peels) considered as potential procyanidin sources is demonstrated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of separation and determination of procyanidins in food samples done by capillary electrophoresis.
BIODISTRIBUTION AND PDT EFFICACY OF A KETOCHLORIN PHOTOSENSITIZER AS A FUNCTION OF THE DELIVERY VEHICLE (1994)

C8KC is a new ketochlorin photosensitizer that must be formulated with an emulsifier because of its poor water solubility. In this report, we compare properties of Cremophor EL (CRM) and Tween 80 as delivery vehicles for C8KC. Unlike Tween 80, CRM altered the physical properties of both human and mouse plasma lipoproteins, resulting in decreased electrophoretic mobility of the individual lipoproteins along with the formation of a lipoprotein degradation product: a phospholipid fraction of low buoyant density. In human plasma, where there was sufficient low-density lipoprotein (LDL) for a distinction to be made, CRM caused a shift in binding of a ketochlorin from albumin to LDL and the degraded lipoprotein fraction. In mice bearing the RIF tumor, the use of CRM for drug formulation was associated with longer plasma and tissue persistence of C8KC, and enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. These results indicate the importance of both sensitizer and vehicle as determinants of PDT efficacy.
Thermoelectric generator device based on carbon nanotube membrane (2013)

A novel type of thermoelectric generator device (TEGD) based on carbon nanotube (CNT) membrane is introduced to realize the self-powered function of nano/micro electromechanical systems (N/MEMS) in some special environments. The TEGD unit is composed of an n-type CNT membrane and a p-type one connected in series. When temperature gradient exists between both ends of the TEGD unit, electric potential difference will generate. The TEGD is formed through connecting several TEGD units in series to get enough electric power. In the paper, CNT membranes of the TEGD are synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and the TEGD properties are researched in detail. Experimental results demonstrated that the TEGD has much use value and bright application prospect in the future.
Optical properties of amorphous GeTe, Sb2Te3, and Ge2Sb2Te5: The role of oxygen (2006)

Amorphous films of GeTe, Sb2Te3, and Ge2Sb2Te5 were grown to thicknesses of 0.3–3μm using rf sputtering. The optical properties of these films are influenced by the presence of oxygen impurities. The absorption edge in these glasses is sometimes broader than in “standard” chalcogenide glasses, such as GeSe2 or As2Se3. This result implies either that the valance band consists of highly strained bonds or that large densities of defects exist. In some samples, there exists an electron paramagnetic resonance signal in the absence of any optical excitation, which implies that a large defect density (∼1019cm−3) exists within the energy gap. Below the optical gap the refractive index for Ge2Sb2Te5 is approximately 3.5. Electron spin resonance signals associated with the glassy SiO2 interface with the chalcogenide films are also observed.
A Content-aware Data-plane for Efficient and Scalable Video Delivery (2019)

International audience
Treatment of Facial Wounds with Botulinum Toxin A Improves Cosmetic Outcome in Primates (2000)

Surgeons have constantly sought to achieve the most aesthetic scar. A major factor determining the final cosmetic appearance of a cutaneous scar is the tension acting on the wound edges during the healing phase. Since Theodor Kocher pioneered the alignment of skin incisions with Langer's lines in 1892, surgical techniques that attempt to overcome closing tension have become standard. Yet, no treatment has been available to minimize underlying muscle contractions, which are the major cause of this tension. Botulinum toxin A is a potent drug that produces temporary muscular paralysis when injected locally. It has proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of a variety of disorders, including hyperkinetic facial lines. The objective of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled primate study was to investigate the efficacy of a single injection of botulinum toxin A to improve the cosmetic appearance of cutaneous scars. Symmetric pairs of standardized excisions were performed on either side of the forehead of six primates. The half foreheads were randomized to the botulinum toxin A treatment side versus the placebo injection side. A panel of three blinded facial surgeons assessed the cosmetic appearance of the mature scars 3 months postoperatively. The wounds that had been immobilized with botulinum toxin A were rated as significantly better in appearance than the control wounds (p < 0.01). Histologic examination confirmed that all scars were mature. Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled human clinical trials are presently under way at the Mayo Clinic.
Etching characteristics of porous silica (k=1.9) in neutral loop discharge plasma (2003)

Etching characteristics of a porous silica material (ISM-1.5™ produced in ULVAC, Inc.) were investigated and compared with those of thermal oxide. The etch rate of porous silica in magnetic neutral loop discharge plasma was approximately two times higher than that of thermal SiO2 film when linear saturated perfluorocarbon compounds were used. This may be due to the low film density of the porous silica. However, in the case of C4F8 (octafluorocyclobutane) plasma, the etch rate ratio to SiO2 was about 1.45. When C4F6 (CF2=CFCF=CF2: hexafluorobutadiene) was used, the etch rate ratio was also very low (0.6). So, the etch rate strongly depended on the gas structure, whereas the SiO2 etch rate did not depend on the gas species and was almost constant. Through mass spectrometry and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, it was deduced that the fluorocarbon polymer formed in the pore suppressed the etch rate of porous silica in C4F8 or C4F6 plasmas.
Mrs. Lincoln Goes Shopping (2009)

Analysis of the Old Clothes Scandal of 1867, and Mrs. Lincoln's "shopping mania."
The N1 Wave of the Human Electric and Magnetic Response to Sound: A Review and an Analysis of the Component Structure (1987)

ABSTRACT This paper reviews the literature on the Nl wave of the human auditory evoked potential. It concludes that at least six different cerebral processes can contribute to (he negative wave recorded from the scalp with a peak latency between 50 and 150 ms: a component generated in the auditory‐cortex on the supratemporal plane, a component generated in the association cortex on the lateral aspect of the temporal and parietal cortex, a component generated in the motor and premotor cortices, the mismatch negativity, a temporal component of the processing negativity, and a frontal component of the processing negativity, The first three, which can be considered ‘true’ N1 components, are controlled by the physical and temporal aspects of the stimulus and by the general state of the subject. The other three components are not necessarily elicited by a stimulus but depend on the conditions in which the stimulus occurs. They often last much longer than the true N1 components that they overlap.
Solution‐Processible Red Iridium Dendrimers based on Oligocarbazole Host Dendrons: Synthesis, Properties, and their Applications in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (2008)

Abstract A series of novel red‐emitting iridium dendrimers functionalized with oligocarbazole host dendrons up to the third generation ( red‐G3 ) have been synthesized by a convergent method, and their photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescent properties have been investigated. In addition to controlling the intermolecular interactions, oligocarbazole‐based dendrons could also participate in the electrochemical and charge‐transporting process. As a result, highly efficient electrophosphorescent devices can be fabricated by spin‐coating from chlorobenzene solution in different device configurations. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) based on the non‐doped device configuration increases monotonically with increasing dendron generation. An EQE as high as 6.3% was obtained as for the third generation dendrimer red‐G3 , which is about 30 times higher than that of the prototype red‐G0 . Further optimization of the device configuration gave an EQE of 11.8% (13.0 cd A −1 , 7.2 lm W −1 ) at 100 cd m −2 with CIE coordinates of (0.65, 0.35). The state‐of‐the‐art performance indicated the potential of these oligocarbazole‐based red iridium dendrimers as solution processible emissive materials for organic light‐emitting diode applications.
Control of a High Performance 3 DOF Linear Direct Drive Operating with Submicron Precision (1998)

Developments in microelectronics, micromechanics and microelectromechanical systems (e.g. micromotors, microsensors) require significant improvements in manufacturing tools for mass productions. Especially the assembling tools have to become faster and more precise. Many assembly devices use XY stages driven by DC servomotors with ball screws or parallel structures; others use linear drives with traditional ball bearings. Only a few devices use linear drives together with air bearings, but always together with an angular guide for X and Y direction. The novel approach presented in this paper is based on linear drives together with a planar air bearing. In contrast to other stages, it doesn’t need any angular guides. This reduces the moved mass and leads to higher accelerations. It consists of an arrangement of three respectively four identical moving-coils attached to a slide, which is suspended by a planar air bearing. This novel configuration allows a large workspace and high accelerations. In the realized experimental setup the workspaceislimitedto60x60mm 2, due to the used sensor system. Furthermore, the maximal possible acceleration is limited to 3 g, due to the used power amplifiers. The attainable performance has been proved in the whole workspace by 30 mm translational strokes on sinusoidal trajectories within 0.09 seconds together with a transient overshoot smaller than 900 nm. For slower movements or smaller strokes the transient overshoot reduces down below 100 nm. The stationary positioning noise can be smaller than 30 nm, depending on the stiffness of the used control structure. This paper gives an overview of the system, focuses on the controller design and shows the achieved performance.
Stimulation of Humoral and Cellular Immunity by Viscum Preparations (1982)

The immuno-adjuvanticity of fresh plant juice of VISCUM ALBUM and a polysaccharide fraction isolated from the berries was studied. Both delayed hypersensitivity and antibody formation against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were enhanced after immunization of mice with a mixture of antigen and plant juice. Polysaccharide stimulated the immune response when administered 5 minutes before the antigen. Adjuvant-active doses of plant juice but not of polysaccharide caused non-specific inflammation as measured by paw swelling. Polysaccharide inhibited the pinocytic activity of the mononuclear phagocytic system initially but stimulated later on. Plant juice stimulated only for a short time. Both preparations caused splenomegaly while polysaccharide also increased the weight of the liver. The effects are compared with the activity of the Viscum preparation Iscador R .