gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Influence of ethylene oxide gas treatment on the <i>in vitro</i> degradation behavior of dermal sheep collagen (1995)

The influence of ethylene oxide gas treatment on the in vitro degradation behavior of noncrosslinked, glutaraldehyde crosslinked or hexamethylene diisocyanate crosslinked dermal sheep collagen (DSC) using bacterial collagenase is described. The results obtained were compared with the degradation behavior of either nonsterilized or gamma-sterilized DSC. Upon ethylene oxide sterilization, reaction of ethylene oxide with the free amine groups of DSC occurred, which resulted in a decreased helix stability, as indicated by a lowering of the shrinkage temperature of all three types of DSC. Except for the low strain modulus the mechanical properties of the ethylene oxide sterilized materials were not significantly altered. gamma-Sterilization induced chain scission in all three types of DSC, resulting in a decrease of both the tensile strength and the high strain modulus of noncrosslinked and crosslinked DSC. When exposed to a solution of bacterial collagenase, ethylene oxide sterilized materials had a lower rate of degradation compared with nonsterilized DSC. This has been explained by a reduced adsorption of the collagenase onto the collagen matrix as a result of the introduction of pendant N-2-hydroxy ethyl groups.
Single-Nucleotide-Polymorphism Typing and Genetic Relationships of <i>Salmonella enterica</i> Serovar Typhi Isolates (2007)

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a clone with a low level of variation. We developed a molecular typing method for serovar Typhi using 38 genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as markers detected by PCR-restriction enzyme digestion. The 73 worldwide serovar Typhi isolates studied were separated into 23 SNP profiles and four distinct genetic groups. Serovar Typhi isolates expressing the unique flagellar antigen z66 were found to cluster together and branch off from the ancestral group, suggesting that serovar Typhi was initially monophasic with only an H1 antigen and subsequently gained the z66 antigen. Typing using the 38 SNPs gave a discriminatory power of 0.87, and a minimum of 16 SNPs may be used to achieve the same level of differentiation. The SNP typing method we developed will be a valuable tool for global epidemiology studies of serovar Typhi.
Model predicts more accurate PI over a field's life (2001)

A model, using the vertical lift performance (VLP) for each oil producing well in a UK North Sea oil field, improved the predictions of the productivity index (PI) over the field's life.
The Development of Hydrazine‐Processed Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)<sub>2</sub> Solar Cells (2012)

Abstract The hydrazine‐based deposition of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se) 2 (CIGS) thin films has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its potential for the high‐throughput production of photovoltaic devices based on this absorber material. This article provides an introduction as well as presenting a complete picture of the current status of hydrazine‐based CIGS solar‐cell fabrication, including the three major steps of this deposition process: dissolution of the precursor materials in hydrazine, deposition of a film from the resulting precursor solution, and the completion and characterization of a photovoltaic device following absorber deposition. Recent discoveries are then discussed, regarding the dissolution chemistry of the relevant precursor complexes in hydrazine, which together represent the true foundation of this processing method. Recent studies on CIGS film formation are then summarized, including the control and analysis of the crystalline phase, electronic bandgap, and film morphology. Finally, the latest progress in high‐performance device fabrication is highlighted, with a focus on optoelectronic characterization including current–voltage, junction capacitance, and minority carrier lifetime measurements. Finally, a discussion and future outlook is provided.
Heterodimeric Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Consisting of p85 and p110β Is Synergistically Activated by the βγ Subunits of G Proteins and Phosphotyrosyl Peptide (1997)

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) is a key signaling enzyme implicated in variety of receptor-stimulated cell responses. Receptors with intrinsic or associated tyrosine kinase activity recruit heterodimeric PI 3-kinases consisting of a 110-kDa catalytic subunit (p110) and an 85-kDa regulatory subunit (p85). We separated a PI 3-kinase that could be stimulated by the betagamma subunits of G protein (Gbetagamma) from rat liver. The Gbetagamma-sensitive PI 3-kinase appeared to be a heterodimer consisting of p110beta and p85 (or their related subunits). The stimulation by Gbetagamma was inhibited by the GDP-bound alpha subunit of the inhibitory GTP-binding protein. Moreover, the stimulatory action of Gbetagamma was markedly enhanced by the simultaneous addition of a phosphotyrosyl peptide synthesized according to the amino acid sequence of the insulin receptor substrate-1. Such enzymic properties could be observed with a recombinant p110beta/p85alpha expressed in COS-7 cells with their cDNAs. In contrast, another heterodimeric PI 3-kinase consisting of p110alpha and p85 in the same rat liver, together with a recombinant p110alpha/p85alpha, was not activated by Gbetagamma, although their activities were stimulated by the phosphotyrosyl peptide. These results indicate that p110beta/p85 PI 3-kinase may be regulated in a cooperative manner by two different types of membrane receptors, one possessing tyrosine kinase activity and the other activating GTP-binding proteins.
Oxygen dependence of the photosensitizing effect of hematoporphyrin derivative in NHIK 3025 cells. (1985)

Cells of the established line NHIK 3025 were incubated with hematoporphyrin derivative and exposed to light at different concentrations of oxygen. The efficiency of photoinactivation of the sensitized cells decreased with decreasing oxygen concentration. No photoinactivation was observed when the atmosphere above the medium overlying the cells was pure N2 gas. With 1% O2 in the atmosphere, the quantum yield of photoinactivation was reduced by 50% compared to the yield in air-saturated medium. It is hardly possible to inactivate cells in anoxic regions of a tumor by means of porphyrin sensitized photochemotherapy. In spite of this, the therapy seems to be efficient in several cases. Thus, it seems that anoxic tumor cells are inactivated in secondary reactions, probably due to breakdown of the circulatory system in the tumor.
(11<i>Z</i>)‐hexadec‐11‐enal enhances the attractiveness of <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i> main pheromone component in wind tunnel experiments (2005)

Abstract: GC‐EAD and GC‐MS analysis of pheromone gland extracts of sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis , revealed two antennally active compounds, (9 Z ,11 E )‐hexadeca‐9,1‐dienal and (11 Z )‐hexadec‐11‐enal, in approximately 10 : 1 ratio. Various doses of identified compounds were investigated in wind tunnel experiments individually and in a 10 : 1 ratio. At all tested doses (9 Z ,11 E )‐hexadeca‐9,1‐dienal alone elicited upwind orientation and source location only in a minority of tested males. An admixture of (11 Z )‐hex‐11‐enal enhanced the attractiveness of (9 Z ,11 E )‐hexadeca‐9,11‐dienal significantly. This two‐component blend (100 pg) was as attractive as natural pheromone extracted from three female pheromone glands. The data suggest that (11 Z )‐hexadec‐11‐enal is a part of the D. saccharalis sex pheromone.
Image Recapture Detection Using Multiple Features (2013)

With advances in image display technology, recapturing good-quality images from highfidelity artificial scenery on a LCD screen becomes possible. Forgers can recapture the artificially generated scenery and use the recaptured image to fool image forensic system. Image recapture detection is to distinguish real-scene images from the recaptured ones. An image recapture detection method based on multiple feature descriptors is proposed in this paper, which uses combinations of low-level features including texture, noise, difference histogram and color information. One hundred and thirty-six dimensions of features are extracted to train a support vector machine classifier with RBF kernel. Experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient with good detection rate of distinguishing realscene images from the recaptured ones. It also possesses low dimensional features and low time complexity.
Source code that talks (2005)

A programmer performing a change task to a system can benefit from accurate comments on the source code. As part of good programming practice described by Kernighan and Pike in the book The Practice of Programming , comments should "aid the understanding of a program by briefly pointing out salient details or by providing a larger-scale view of the proceedings." In this paper, we explore the widely varying uses of comments in source code. We find that programmers not only use comments for describing the actual source code, but also use comments for many other purposes, such as "talking" to colleagues through the source code using a comment "Joan, please fix this method." This kind of comments can complicate the mining of project information because such team communication is often perceived to reside in separate archives, such as emails or newsgroup postings, rather than in the source code. Nevertheless, these and other types of comments can be very useful inputs for mining project information.
MusA: Using Indoor Positioning and Navigation to Enhance Cultural Experiences in a Museum (2013)

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the use of multimedia mobile guides in museum environments. Mobile devices have the capabilities to detect the user context and to provide pieces of information suitable to help visitors discover and follow the logical and emotional connections that develop during the visit. In this scenario, location based services (LBS) currently represent an asset, and the choice of the technology to determine users' position, combined with the definition of methods that can effectively convey information, become key issues in the design process. In this work, we present Museum Assistant (MusA), a general framework for the development of multimedia interactive guides for mobile devices. Its main feature is a vision-based indoor positioning system that allows the provision of several LBS, from way-finding to the contextualized communication of cultural contents, aimed at providing a meaningful exploration of exhibits according to visitors' personal interest and curiosity. Starting from the thorough description of the system architecture, the article presents the implementation of two mobile guides, developed to respectively address adults and children, and discusses the evaluation of the user experience and the visitors' appreciation of these applications.
Clopidogrel: A Pharmacogenomic Perspective on its Use in Coronary Artery Disease (2010)

The thienopyridine antiplatelet agent clopidogrel is an effective drug for the prevention of vascular events. However, data has accumulated over time to suggest it is prone to significant interpatient variability. While there are several factors that contribute to this, one of the most important is variability in forming the active metabolite necessary for clopidogrel function. Several enzymes are involved in formation of this metabolite, and two, CYP2C19 and P-glycoprotein, appear to have alleles that both occur frequently in the population and have a clinically significant impact. Patients carrying these alleles can be identified, but it remains to be determined if this information is necessary or sufficient for risk stratification. Furthermore, if patients with high-risk alleles are identified, it is unclear how treatment should be adjusted.
Numeric-Attribute-Powered Sentence Embedding (2018)

Modern embedding methods focus only on the words in the text. The word or sentence embeddings are trained to represent the semantic meaning of the raw texts. However, many quantified attributes associated with the text, such as numeric attributes associated with Yelp review text, are ignored in the vector representation learning process. Those quantified numeric attributes can provide important information to complement the text. For example, review stars, business stars and number of likes, etc., have great influence on interpreting the semantic meaning of text. Numeric attributes associated with the text often reveal the quantity or the significance of the object that the number is modifying. We propose an algorithm using vector projection to generate numeric-attribute-powered sentence embeddings for multi-label text classification. We evaluate our algorithm on a public Yelp dataset, showing that classification performance improves significantly when numeric attributes are incorporated well.
The efficacy of treadmill training with and without projected visual context for improving walking ability and reducing fall incidence and fear of falling in older adults with fall-related hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial (2016)

The Netherlands Trial Register ( NTR3222 , 3 January 2012).
A Typical Korean Case Of Carney Complex (2003)

Carney complex is a multiple neoplasia syndrome, inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, that is characterized by lentigines, cardiac myxoma, and numerous endocrine and other tumors, including primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. Here, we describe a typical case of Carney complex in a 27-year-old female who exhibited spotty skin pigmentation on the lips, oral mucosa, fingers, and toes and several manifestations of Cushing's syndrome due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. She also had pituitary adenoma, breast tumor and thyroid nodule. Only a few cases of this disorder have been reported in the Korean literature. All of them, however, had only two components of Carney complex: composed of skin pigmentation and primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease. Therefore, the present case seems to be the first true case of Carney complex reported in Korea.
Towards multiscale communication systems (2006)

Forty years after AT&amp;T’s Picturephone, video is still mainly considered as a way to enhance audio communication in an attempt to reproduce face-to-face conditions. In a 1992 paper, Hollan and Stornetta argued that we should develop communication tools that go beyond being there. In this paper, I discuss two different interpretations of their analysis. I then propose the concept of multiscale communication system as an alternative approach for motivating further video-mediated communication research. The paper ends with a description of three systems that illustrate the concept.
Intramolecular Electroreductive cyclization (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleIntramolecular Electroreductive cyclizationDennis P. Fox, R. Daniel Little, and Manuel M. BaizerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1985, 50, 12, 2202–2204Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00212a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00212a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Structure of Maltotriose<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Structure of Maltotriose1A. Thompson and M. L. WolfromCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 14, 3612–3614Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01134a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01134a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Intrinsically Motivated Learning of Hierarchical Collections of Skills (2004)

Humans and other animals often engage in activities for their own sakes rather than as steps toward solving practical problems. Psychologists call these intrinsically motivated behaviors. What we learn during intrinsically motivated behavior is essential for our development as competent autonomous entities able to efficiently solve a wide range of practical problems as they arise. In this paper we present initial results from a computational study of intrinsically motivated learning aimed at allowing artificial agents to construct and extend hierarchies of reusable skills that are needed for competent autonomy. At the core of the model are recent theoretical and algorithmic advances in computational reinforcement learning, specifically, new concepts related to skills and new learning algorithms for learning with skill hierarchies. 1
Toward an automated approach to the design of sheet metal components (2003)

The design of sheet metal components is perhaps one of the more challenging concurrent activities for design and manufacturing engineers. To aid this design process, a method is developed to encapsulate the constraints of sheet metal that make designing such components a tedious and iterative procedure. This project involves the implementation and testing of a geometric representation scheme for building feasible sheet metal components through the use of 17 grammar rules that capture manufacturing operations like cutting and bending. The implemented system has benefits both as a user interaction tool and as the basis for a computational design synthesis approach for designing sheet metal components. An example of a constructed sheet metal component is shown along with the method for invoking the sheet metal grammar to create this component.
Monolithic CMOS MEMS Oscillator Circuit for Sensing in the Attogram Range (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> This letter presents the design, fabrication, and demonstration of a CMOS/microelectromechanical system (MEMS) electrostatically self-excited resonator based on a submicrometer-scale cantilever with <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$\sim$</tex></formula>1 ag/Hz mass sensitivity. The mechanical resonator is the frequency-determining element of an oscillator circuit monolithically integrated and implemented in a commercial 0.35-<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>m CMOS process. The oscillator is based on a Pierce topology adapted for the MEMS resonator that presents a mechanical resonance frequency of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex></formula>6 MHz, a relative low quality factor of 100, and a large motional resistance of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex> </formula>25 M<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\Omega$</tex></formula>. The MEMS oscillator has a frequency stability of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex></formula>1.6 Hz resulting in a mass resolution of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex></formula>1 ag (1 ag <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$= \hbox{10}^{ - 18}$</tex></formula> g) in air conditions. </para>
A CORBA-based architecture for service change notification (2002)

The nature of distribution and autonomy in an open environment makes it difficult to maintain a consistent view of service provision among distributed groups of clients. Change in services may have an impact on current operation of clients if they are not properly informed. Better management for change notification is necessary so that clients are able to prepare for the change accordingly. The paper proposes a service change notification system that can manage service change events for subscribing clients. The architecture of this service is CORBA-based, as it cooperates with a CORBA Trading Service to gather change events and has an Event Notification Service as the core component for change notification. Service providers can also register with this system to announce change events, and clients can subscribe for notification of change in services of their interest, specifying their preference for delivery style, notification format, and quality of service.
Assessment of periodontal and opportunistic flora in patients with peri‐implantitis (2014)

The implant surface may be colonized with pathogens different from periodontal bacteria. Opportunistic pathogens such as P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and C. albicans may be associated with implant failure.
Modelling of partial discharge development in electrical tree channels (2003)

A model of partial discharge development in electrical tree structures is presented. The model considers channel conductivity, charge transport, and electric field redistribution during propagation of the discharge along the channels. It has been used for numerical investigation of temporal-spatial and electric characteristics of the partial discharges in capillaries and electrical trees exposed to AC voltage in a needle-plane geometry. The simulation results have been compared with experimental data given in the literature.
Java object-sharing in Habanero (1998)

article Free AccessJava object-sharing in Habanero Authors: Annie Chabert Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile , Ed Grossman View Profile , Larry S. Jackson Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile , Stephen R. Pietrowiz Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile , Chris Seguin Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Univ. of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 41Issue 6June 1998 pp 69–76https://doi.org/10.1145/276609.276622Published:01 June 1998Publication History 110citation622DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations110Total Downloads622Last 12 Months33Last 6 weeks14 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF