gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Intrusion Detection System Based on Support Vector Machine Active Learning (2007)

Using support vector machine(SVM) active learning in intrusion detection to resolve the problem of machine learning in the small sample size.This paper provides a framework of intrusion detection system based on SVM active learning,and it also provides a SVM active learning algorithm for intrusion detection system,discusses how the composition of the unlabeled sample set,the size of the unlabeled sample set and the parameter of the kernel function affect the accuracy of the SVM.Compared with the traditional SVM self-learning algorithm,the experiment shows active learning algorithm can immensely reduce the number of the training date and efficiently improve the performance of the classifier in intrusion detection system.
GENOMIC INSTABILITY IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMAS: COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT EVALUATION METHODS AND THEIR BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE (1996)

In order to demonstrate the relationship between microsatellite instability and other types of genomic instability, a series of 56 sporadic colorectal carcinomas was investigated by flow cytometrical ploidy analysis, oligonucleotide fingerprinting, and microsatellite polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Stabilization of the p53 gene product was analysed by immunohistochemistry and proliferative activity was determined flow cytometrically and by silver staining of nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). Of the 56 carcinomas, 11 (19 per cent) exhibited microsatellite instability; 33 of the cases were aneuploid (59 per cent) and 29 (52 per cent) showed alterations of the oligonucleotide fingerprints. There was a significant correlation of microsatellite instability with localization of these tumours proximal to the splenic flexure, diploid DNA content, and less frequent p53 stabilization. A solid growth pattern, mucinous differentiation, and a Crohn's-like lymphoid infiltrate were also characteristic for those tumours. The results demonstrate for the first time a significantly lower proliferative activity in tumours with microsatellite instability. Data obtained from DNA flow cytometry or from oligonucleotide fingerprinting did not correlate with such tumour characteristics. It is proposed that the use of microsatellite PCR facilitates specifically the detection of a group of colorectal cancers which may differ in pathogenesis and perhaps prognosis.
A 16 kbit/s wideband CELP coder with a high-order backward predictor and its fast coefficient calculation (2002)

This paper proposes a 16 kbit/s wideband CELP coder with a high-order backward predictor and its fast coefficient calculation method. The coefficients are calculated from autocorrelations of the residual signal. The proposed calculation scheme approximately calculates the autocorrelations of the residual signal from those of the decoded output signal. Therefore, an inverse filtering of the decoded output signal and a calculation for the autocorrelations of the residual signal are not necessary, and the complexity for the backward prediction is drastically reduced. The proposed coder also adopts a multi-pulse vector quantization to efficiently represent an excitation signal as well as a multi-mode coding to enhance the performance and the channel error robustness. An MOS test shows that the proposed coder achieves superior performance for speech to that of ITU-T G.722 at 56 kbit/s and comparable performance for audio to that of G.722 at 48 kbit/s.
Immunoglobulin concentrations in the duodenal fluids of infants and children. II. The effect of pancreozymin and secretin. (1981)

A study was conducted to determine whether pancreozymin and secretin affect the levels of immunoglobulins in duodenal fluid of children. The subjects consisted of 45 infants and children without gastrointestinal disease. Ig-A concentrations in duodenal fluid were significantly increased (P less than 0.02) after secretion administration (2 U./kg) as compared to resting fluid levels (18.3 +/- 0.8 vs. 12.9 +/- 1.1 mg./gm. protein). Secretin also produced a significant increase (P less than 0.0002) in Ig-M duodenal fluid levels (25.5 +/- 3.6 vs. 13.8 +/- 1.4 mg./gm. protein). Duodenal fluid Ig-G concentrations were not significantly changed in response to secretin (30.7 +/- 2.3 vs. 29.1 +/- 1.2 mg./gm. protein) or to pancreozymin (29.0 +/- 0.8 mg./gm. protein). Pancreozymin administration (2 U./kg) produced a significant decrease (P less than 0.01) in Ig-A concentration (11.2 +/- 0.8 mg./gm. protein) and a significant increase (P less than .0002) in the Ig-M levels of human duodenal fluid (20.8 +/- 1.8 mg./gm. protein).
D-algebra for composing access control policy decisions (2009)

This paper proposes a D-algebra to compose decisions from multiple access control policies. Compared to other algebra-based approaches aimed at policy composition, D-algebra is the only one that satisfies both functional completeness (any possible decision matrix can be expressed by a D-algebra formula) and computational effectiveness (a formula can be computed efficiently given any decision matrix). The D-algebra has several relevant applications in the context of access control policies, namely the analysis of policy languages decision mechanisms, and the development of tools for policy authoring and enforcement.
Failed retrograde transport of NGF in a mouse model of Down's syndrome: Reversal of cholinergic neurodegenerative phenotypes following NGF infusion (2001)

Age-related degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) contributes to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. With aging, the partial trisomy 16 (Ts65Dn) mouse model of Down's syndrome exhibited reductions in BFCN size and number and regressive changes in the hippocampal terminal fields of these neurons with respect to diploid controls. The changes were associated with significantly impaired retrograde transport of nerve growth factor (NGF) from the hippocampus to the basal forebrain. Intracerebroventricular NGF infusion reversed well established abnormalities in BFCN size and number and restored the deficit in cholinergic innervation. The findings are evidence that even BFCNs chronically deprived of endogenous NGF respond to an intervention that compensates for defective retrograde transport. We suggest that age-related cholinergic neurodegeneration may be a treatable disorder of failed retrograde NGF signaling.
Elemental Diet as Prophylaxis Against Radiation Injury (1985)

We investigated whether elemental diet feeding would protect the intestine from radiation injury. Five dogs were fed an elemental diet for three days before receiving pelvic irradiation (500 rad/day for four days) and were maintained on the diet during the days of irradiation. These dogs were compared with five dogs that were fed normal kennel ration, but were treated similarly otherwise. One day and five days following completion of the radiation treatment, the dogs were anesthetized and a biopsy specimen of terminal ileum was taken for histologic and electron microscopic studies. In the dogs fed the elemental diet, there was no significant damage to the intestine seen on histological examination, and electron microscopy disclosed elongated microvilli and no organelle damage. However, both histological and electron microscopic examination of the intestine from dogs maintained on normal kennel ration showed that severe damage had occurred from the irradiation procedure. It seems, therefore, that the feeding of an elemental diet to dogs as a prophylaxis can afford protection to the intestine from the acute phase of radiation injury.
Pattern recognition with a pulsed neural network (1991)

This paper describes pulse transmission (PT) neural networks and provides a series of analytical and experimental findings regarding their abilities to perform pattern-mapping and temporal integration. We
Linear Synchronous Motor Design (2005)

This paper provides a high level discussion of the design and application of linear synchronous motors. Design issues include field magnets, stator winding, power electronics, position sensing and control, mechanical structure, and cost. The applications include high speed, high force, elevators, maglev, and material handling
CAR T cell therapy for breast cancer: harnessing the tumor milieu to drive T cell activation (2018)

Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of targeting breast cancer using transgenic T cells equipped to thrive in the suppressive tumor milieu and highlight the importance of providing transgenic T cells with signals that recapitulate physiologic TCR signaling - [activation (signal 1), co-stimulation (signal 2) and cytokine support (signal 3)] - to promote in vivo persistence and memory formation.
[Significance of VEGF expression and microvessel count in oral carcinoma]. (2003)

This study indicates that VEGF expression is associated with angiogenesis, VEGF is one of the main angiogenic factors for oral carcinomas. Quantification of VEGF in oral tissues may provide a valuable marker for the prognosis of patients with oral carcinomas.
Periprocedural myocardial infarction and injury in elective coronary stenting (2017)

Periprocedural MI and injury are frequent complications of elective PCI associated with an increased rate of cardiovascular events at 30 days and 1 year.
The Major Nucleoside Triphosphatase in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Nuclei and in Rat Liver Nuclei Share Common Epitopes Also Present in Nuclear Lamins (1993)

The major nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase) activities in mammalian and pea (Pisum sativum L.) nuclei are associated with enzymes that are very similar both biochemically and immunochemically. The major NTPase from rat liver nuclei appears to be a 46-kD enzyme that represents the N-terminal portion of lamins A and C, two lamina proteins that apparently arise from the same gene by alternate splicing. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) G2, raised to human lamin C, both immunoprecipitates the major (47 kD) NTPase in pea nuclei and recognizes it in western blot analyses. A polyclonal antibody preparation raised to the 47-kD pea NTPase (pc480) reacts with the same lamin bands that are recognized by MAb G2 in mammalian nuclei. The pc480 antibodies also bind to the same lamin-like bands in pea nuclear envelope-matrix preparations that are recognized by G2 and three other MAbs known to bind to mammalian lamins. In immunofluorescence assays, pc480 and anti-lamin antibodies stain both cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens in plant cells, with slightly enhanced staining along the periphery of the nuclei. These results indicate that the pea and rat liver NTPases are structurally similar and that, in pea nuclei as in rat liver nuclei, the major NTPase is probably derived from a lamin precursor by proteolysis.
Tissue uridine pools: evidence in vivo of a concentrative mechanism for uridine uptake. (1986)

Pools of free uridine, ranging from 7.3 to 38.0 nmol/g wet weight, have been detected in a variety of freeze-clamped murine tissues. These concentrations average 10-fold greater than that detected in plasma. The kinetics of these pools after an i.v. tracer dose of [3H]uridine suggest that the initial rapid disappearance of [3H]uridine from plasma (t1/2 = 2 min) reflects distribution into tissues as well as catabolism by the liver. Subsequently, the tissue uridine pools turn over with half-lives of 13 to 18 h. Analyses of the activity of the proximal enzymes in uridine metabolism (uridine phosphorylase and uridine kinase) suggest that the phosphorylase correlates with the size of tissue uridine pools. Further evidence for this is seen in the sustained 5- to 15-fold increase in both tissue and plasma uridine concentrations after treatment with benzylacyclouridine, a potent uridine phosphorylase inhibitor. In contrast, a nonphysiological dose of exogenous uridine (250 mg/kg) briefly increases the plasma concentration of uridine to over 1 mM but it returns to below 10 microM within 1 h. Under these conditions as well, tissue concentrations of uridine increase 5- to 10-fold in most tissues, 20-fold in spleen, and 70-fold in kidney. High cellular concentrations of free uridine relative to medium are also observed in dispersed murine splenocytes. Furthermore, splenocytes incubated in 5 microM [3H]uridine achieved a 2-fold higher intracellular concentration of [3H]uridine in less than 1 min independent of phosphorylation. Thymidine was not concentrated in this system nor did nitrobenzylthioinosine inhibit [3H]uridine uptake. These findings suggest that in normal tissues and explanted cells, pools of uridine are sustained by a concentrative transport mechanism and constitute a previously unrecognized reservoir of pyrimidine nucleosides in tissues.
Photosynthetic Capacity, Stomatal Behavior and Chloroplast Ultrastructure in Leaves of the Endangered Plant Carpinus putoensis W.C.Cheng during Gaseous NO2 Exposure and after Recovery (2018)

Foliar uptake of gaseous NO2 mainly occurs through the stomata and disrupts normal plant growth, but no detailed reports about the physiological responses of plants exposed to NO2 are available. In this study, to study leaf physicochemical responses, stomatal characteristics and chloroplast structure, we observed the leaves of Carpinus putoensis W.C.Cheng after exposure to NO2 (6 μL/L) for five time periods (0, 1, 6, 24, and 72 h) and after 30 days of recovery following NO2 exposure. Our results showed that short-duration exposure to a high concentration of NO2 had significant negative impacts (p < 0.05) on the chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and chloroplast-related physicochemical processes of C. putoensis leaves; with the exception of one hour of NO2 exposure, which was helpful for plant physiological responses. Moreover, NO2 exposure significantly increased the thickness of the palisade/spongy tissue and caused swelling of the thylakoids within the chloroplasts; this thylakoid swelling could be reversed by removing the pollutant from the air flow. Restoration of unpolluted air alleviated the toxic effects of NO2, as indicated by an increased chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis, and PSII maximum quantum yield. These results could support the development of a treatment for roadside trees that are exposed to NO2 as a major road pollutant.
Machine Learning Methods for Solar Irradiation Forecasting: A Comparison in a Mediterranean Site (2018)

International audience
Skin repair and scar formation: the central role of TGF-β (2003)

Wound healing is a complex process that we have only recently begun to understand. Central to wound repair is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), a cytokine secreted by several different cell types involved in healing. TGF-beta has diverse effects, depending upon the tissue studied. This review focuses on healing in skin, particularly the phases of cutaneous wound repair and the role of TGF-beta in normal and impaired wound-healing models. It also explores TGF-beta activity in scarless foetal wound healing. Knowledge of TGF-beta function in scarless repair is critical to improving healing in clinical scenarios, such as diabetic wounds and hypertrophic scars.
A Survey of Open Source Products for Building a SIP Communication Platform (2011)

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a multimedia signalling protocol that has evolved into a widely adopted communication standard. The integration of SIP into existing IP networks has fostered IP networks becoming a convergence platform for both real-time and non-real-time multimedia communications. This converged platform integrates data, voice, video, presence, messaging, and conference services into a single network that offers new communication experiences for users. The open source community has contributed to SIP adoption through the development of open source software for both SIP clients and servers. In this paper, we provide a survey on open SIP systems that can be built using publically available software. We identify SIP features for service development and programming, services and applications of a SIP-converged platform, and the most important technologies supporting SIP functionalities. We propose an advanced converged IP communication platform that uses SIP for service delivery. The platform supports audio and video calls, along with media services such as audio conferences, voicemail, presence, and instant messaging. Using SIP Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), the platform allows the deployment of advanced integrated services. The platform is implemented with open source software. Architecture components run on standardized hardware with no need for special purpose investments.
Test and optimization of timing algorithms for PET detectors with digital sampling front-end (2008)

We tested a digital front-end concept in order to evaluate the time resolution of PET detectors based on APD or PMT with digital read-out. Measurements were done on a coincidence set-up with two detection blocks composed of a fast inorganic scintillator (LaBr <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> or LYSO) coupled to a photodetector (APD or PMT), preamplificators and prefilters. The signals were sampled at high rate (250MHz for APDs, 5GHz for PMTs) and treated offline. Two different timing algorithms were applied: a digital method deriving from constant fraction discriminator, and an optimal filtering technique based on parameter estimation with minimal variance. The classical optimal filter was adapted to the non-stationary noise conditions, with a significant improvement of timing resolution. We describe these algorithms and discuss their performances.
Integrated Functions for Four Basic Models of Indirect Pharmacodynamic Response (1998)

The integrated solutions (ABEC, area between baseline and effect curve) of four basic models of indirect pharmacodynamic responses are developed. These models assume that drug can inhibit or stimulate the production or loss of the response variable. For two models (I and III) with monoexponential drug disposition, explicit formulas for the ABEC were obtained, where ABEC is a function of ln (1 + (D/V)/IC50) or ln (1 + (D/V)/SC50) where D = dose, V = volume, and IC50 or SC50 = 50% effective concentration. Two other models (II and IV) were treated asymptotically with respect to small and large doses. Approximate formulas [e.g., ABEC = constant(1) x ln (1 + (D/V)/IC50) + constant (2)] were derived and the asymptotic behavior of the ABEC was established. In addition, simulations were performed to assess the effects of drug absorption rates and polyexponential disposition on ABEC values. These models show how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors jointly determine the net response to a single dose of drug.
Inference in Directed Acyclic Graphs with Applications to Hidden Markov Model Structures (1995)

Graphical techniques for modeling the dependencies of random variables have been explored in a.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Green Security Games with Real-Time Information (2019)

Green Security Games (GSGs) have been proposed and applied to optimize patrols conducted by law enforcement agencies in green security domains such as combating poaching, illegal logging and overfishing. However, real-time information such as footprints and agents’ subsequent actions upon receiving the information, e.g., rangers following the footprints to chase the poacher, have been neglected in previous work. To fill the gap, we first propose a new game model GSG-I which augments GSGs with sequential movement and the vital element of real-time information. Second, we design a novel deep reinforcement learning-based algorithm, DeDOL, to compute a patrolling strategy that adapts to the real-time information against a best-responding attacker. DeDOL is built upon the double oracle framework and the policy-space response oracle, solving a restricted game and iteratively adding best response strategies to it through training deep Q-networks. Exploring the game structure, DeDOL uses domain-specific heuristic strategies as initial strategies and constructs several local modes for efficient and parallelized training. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to use Deep Q-Learning for security games.
Study of Magnetic Stray Field Measurement on Surface Using New Force Microscope (1992)

Surface magnetic stray fields are studied using a new force microscope with an optical beam deflection force detector. The measurements are made possible by using both a constant repulsive force control and a magnetic force gradient measurement. The microscope can simultaneously provide a magnetic force gradient image and a surface structure image. Initial results demonstrate that the surface magnetic stray field and the surface structure image of a magneto-optical disk can be obtained. The new method provides feasibility of measuring the surface magnetic stray field.
Hot science with cool sensors (2018)

The superconducting transition’s exquisite sensitivity to heat underlies a maturing technology for detecting photons.
Automated system for lung nodules classification based on wavelet feature descriptor and support vector machine (2015)

The CADx system presented is competitive with other literature systems in terms of sensitivity. The system reduces the complexity of classification by not performing the typical segmentation stage of most CADx systems. Additionally, the novelty of the algorithm is the use of a wavelet feature descriptor.
Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer Extension to the Surgical Margin and Pelvic Node Metastasis at Radical Prostatectomy (1993)

We analyzed data from 107 consecutive patients with clinical stage B prostate cancer in an attempt to identify those at high risk for having involved margins or nodal metastasis. Each patient underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided sextant biopsies of the prostate. Patient age, surgical approach to prostatectomy, pre-biopsy prostate specific antigen (PSA) level, and number, location and maximum Gleason score of positive biopsies were statistically evaluated for all patients groups. Prostate volume and PSA density (PSAD) were calculated for all patients undergoing prostatectomy. Of the 101 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy 64 had negative margins, 37 had at least 1 positive margin and 11 of the 37 had more than 1 positive margin. Involved margins were most common at the apex (62%) and mid portion (59%) of the gland. Prostatectomy was not performed on 6 patients with nodal metastases evident on frozen section examination. Therefore, 43 patients are considered to be at high risk for having residual disease after surgery. The mean PSAD, PSA level and number of positive biopsies were significant (p < 0.05) predictors of tumor extension to the surgical margin. The mean number of positive biopsies, biopsy Gleason score and PSA level were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in patients with nodal metastases. Only 15% of the patients with a single positive biopsy had positive margins versus 47% of those with multiple positive biopsies (p < 0.05). Of the patients with tumor positive nodes on frozen section 67% had 5 or more positive biopsies, whereas only 9% of all others had that many positive biopsies (p < 0.05). The number of positive biopsy sites, PSAD and PSA level were significantly associated with tumor at the surgical margin or metastatic to the pelvic nodes.