gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Elderly Driver Safety and Comfort: In-Vehicle Intersection "Gap Acceptance Advisor" and Identifying Older Driver Needs (2005)

Our work in Toyota GapAdvise is comprised of two interrelated elements: identify driving task challenges, and a pilot study on one particular class of decision support system, an intersection gap advisor. From these elements, we have recommended countermeasures and potential design guidelines for the elderly driving population in the United States.We performed our work in the following sequence of technical tasks, each corresponding to a section heading in this final report:Determine Extent of Problem (Task 1). From crash databases and demographic data, we have determined the projected extent of the problem, extending from past work. From our synthesis and interpretation of data and publications, we have ranked causal factors.Conduct Focus Group and Observational Analysis of Elderly Drivers (Task 2). Through focus groups and observing elderly drivers in their own vehicles, we have developed an understanding of the problems faced by elderly drivers.Conduct Driving Experiments (Task 3). Using PATH instrumented vehicle and test intersection at the University of California, Berkeley’s Richmond Field Station facility, we have performed in-vehicle experiments to characterize driver behaviors.Recommend In-Vehicle Design (Task 4). From Tasks 1 – 3, we provide integrated recommendations, to include engineering constraints and design principles, from Tasks 1 – 3.
Design and simulation of resistive SOI CMOS micro-heaters for high temperature gas sensors (2005)

This paper describes the design of doped single crystal silicon (SCS) microhotplates for gas sensors. Resistive heaters are formed by an n+/p+ implantation into a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) wafer with a post-CMOS deep reactive ion etch to remove the silicon substrate. Hence they are fully compatible with CMOS technologies and allows for the integration of associated drive/detection circuitry. 2D electro-thermal models have been constructed and the results of numerical simulations using FEMLAB® are given. Simulations show these micro-hotplates can operate at temperatures of 500°C with a drive voltage of only 5 V and a power consumption of less than 100 mW.
The repurposed anthelmintic mebendazole in combination with trametinib suppresses refractory NRASQ61K melanoma (2017)

Structure-based drug repositioning in addition to random chemical screening is now a viable route to rapid drug development. Proteochemometric computational methods coupled with kinase assays showed that mebendazole (MBZ) binds and inhibits kinases important in cancer, especially both BRAFWT and BRAFV600E. We find that MBZ synergizes with the MEK inhibitor trametinib to inhibit growth of BRAFWT-NRASQ61K melanoma cells in culture and in xenografts, and markedly decreased MEK and ERK phosphorylation. Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) and immunoblot analyses show that both trametinib and MBZ inhibit the MAPK pathway, and cluster analysis revealed a protein cluster showing strong MBZ+trametinib - inhibited phosphorylation of MEK and ERK within 10 minutes, and its direct and indirect downstream targets related to stress response and translation, including ElK1 and RSKs within 30 minutes. Downstream ERK targets for cell cycle, including cMYC, were down-regulated, consistent with S- phase suppression by MBZ+trametinib, while apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and a sub-G1 population, were all increased with time. These data suggest that MBZ, a well-tolerated off-patent approved drug, should be considered as a therapeutic option in combination with trametinib, for patients with NRASQ61mut or other non-V600E BRAF mutant melanomas.
Nucleotides and nucleosides in ovine and caprine milk during lactation (2010)

The aim of this study was to determine the nucleoside and nucleotide content in ovine and caprine milks at the colostral, transitional, and mature stages of lactation. Samples from 18 dairy sheep and 18 dairy goats were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 15 d postpartum. Separation and quantitation of the 5'-nucleotides (NT) and the nucleosides (NS) was performed by reverse phase HPLC. For each compound measured, considerable interindividual variation was recorded in both species of milk. The total NS content ranged from 57 to 132 micromol/L and from 54 to 119 micromol/L in ovine and caprine milk, respectively. The major NS identified in both species of milk was uridine, representing more than 60% of the total NS pool. The mean levels of inosine and guanosine were comparable between ewe and goat milk. Instead, the mean level of cytidine across the sampling period was much higher in ewe milk (11.9 micromol/L compared with 4.5 micromol/L in goat milk) and exhibited a peak value on the fourth day of lactation. The adenosine content was at least 3-fold higher in caprine milk compared with its ovine counterpart. The total NS and orotic acid contents did not differ significantly between the 2 species. However, in the case of total NT content, interspecies differences were significant, with NT levels ranging from 294 to 441 micromol/L in ovine milk and from 166 to 366 micromol/L in caprine milk. The NT content in colostrum (1-3 d) of both species was higher than in mature milk (15 d), and uridine monophosphate was the dominant NT in all samples.
Diversity improvement of voice signal transmission using postdetection selection combining in land mobile radio (1984)

This paper describes the effect of postdetection selection combining diversity on voice signal transmission for wide-band PM and narrow-band PM in a Rayleigh fading environment. First, the baseband average SNR versus the average CNR for a two-branch selection diversity with the syllabic compandor is derived in a closed form including the effect of the envelope correlation coefficient. Then, the dual selection diversity receiver, which shares an envelope detector with two branches in time division, and its performance are described. Finally, laboratory tests using a Rayleigh fading simulator are carried out with the result that an effective diversity improvement is obtained for a cross correlation coefficient in the range from 0 to 0.5.
From basic sensors to intelligent sensors: Definitions andexamples (1995)

Describes the improvements that smart sensors will bring to electronic measurement and control systems, and the advantages of using integrated sensors. Outlines the problems encountered when designing integrating electronics for use on a smart sensor chip and lists the major functions that smart sensors must perform. Concludes that the solution to many real life sensor problems will only be found when a well designed “care‐free” intelligent sensor can be produced and continues that the way to realize this concept is to combine a sensor device with a number of micro‐electronic components into a single sensor package.
Oral Montelukast, Inhaled Beclomethasone, and Placebo for Chronic Asthma (1999)

Although beclomethasone had a larger mean effect than montelukast, both drugs provided clinical benefit to patients with chronic asthma. This finding is consistent with the use of these agents as controller medications for chronic asthma.
An Experimental Study of Air-Reformed Natural Gas in Spark-Ignited Engines (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">An experimental study of the use of air-reformed natural gas (natural gas broken down into hydrogen and carbon monoxide) in a spark-ignited engine was performed. Results measured included work output, brake efficiency, and the output of NO<sub>X</sub>) CO and total hydrocarbons. The principle variables were the equivalence ratio and the fraction of fuel reformed.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The hydrogen in the reformed fuel allowed the engine to run leaner than when running on natural gas, especially when higher fractions of reformed fuel were used. At the leaner equivalence ratios low levels of NO<sub>x</sub> were observed, with NO<sub>x</sub> mole fractions frequently below 10 ppm. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were generally reduced by the reformed fuel. Efficiencies were higher with reformed fuel in some ranges of operation, and about the same in other ranges of operation.</div>
Precipitation and Dissolution of Calcium−ATMP Precipitates for the Inhibition of Scale Formation in Porous Media (1997)

The precipitation reaction between aminotri(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), a phosphonate used for scale prevention in high-water-volume industrial processes such as petroleum production, and calcium was systematically studied. By varying the precipitating conditions, three distinct precipitates formed: a crystalline, sheetlike, 1:1 calcium−ATMP precipitate; an amorphous, spherical-shaped, 2:1 calcium−ATMP precipitate; and an amorphous, spherical-shaped, 3:1 calcium−ATMP precipitate. Corresponding batch dissolution experiments showed that as the precipitate calcium−ATMP molar ratio increased from 1:1 to 2:1 to 3:1, the rate of dissolution and the equilibrium solubility limit decreased significantly. The significance of these observations was evident when the release characteristics of each precipitate from porous media were studied as related to ATMP use in oil-recovery systems. The 3:1 calcium−ATMP precipitate was released from porous media in a much slower manner than the other two precipitates, strongly suggesting that the 3:1 precipitate is most suitable for use in oil recovery.
Syntheses and bioevaluation of substituted dihydropyridines for pregnancy-interceptive activity in hamsters (1989)

A number of 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-4-substituted-1,4- dihydropyridines were synthesized and evaluated for pregnancy-interceptive activity in mated hamsters. Out of 24 compounds, 12, 15, 21, 22, 28, and 34 caused a marked reduction in the number of implantations when administered on days 3-8 postcoitum. In an in vitro competition assay, none of the compounds exhibited noticeable binding affinity for uterine progesterone receptors. The results reported here have helped to identify new leads for developing pregnancy-interceptive agents and the active compounds do not seem to elicit their interceptive effect through receptor-mediated inhibition of progesterone action in hamster uterus.
Cross-Layer Design for Low-Power Wireless Sensor Node Using Wave Clock (2008)

We propose Isochronous-MAC (I-MAC) using the Long-Wave Standard Time Code (so called “wave clock”), and introduce cross-layer design for a low-power wireless sensor node with I-MAC. I-MAC has a periodic wakeup time synchronized with the actual time, and thus we take the wave clock. However, a frequency of a crystal oscillator varies along with temperature, which incurs a time difference among nodes. We present a time correction algorithm to address this problem, and shorten the time difference. Thereby, the preamble length in I-MAC can be minimized, which saves communication power. For further power reduction, a low-power crystal oscillator is also proposed, as a physical-layer design. We implemented I-MAC on an off-the-shelf sensor node to estimate the power saving, and verified that the proposed cross-layer design reduces 81% of the total power, compared to Low Power Listening.
A segment of the Mecp2 promoter is sufficient to drive expression in neurons (2005)

Rett syndrome (RTT) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding methyl CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Although MeCP2 shows widespread expression in both neuronal and non-neuronal tissues, the symptoms of RTT are largely neurological. Herein, we have identified the regulatory region of the mouse Mecp2 gene that is sufficient for its restricted expression in neurons. A segment of the Mecp2 gene (-677/+56) exhibited strong promoter activity in neuronal cell lines and cortical neurons, but was inactive in non-neuronal cells and glia. The region necessary for neuronal-specific promoter activity was located within a 19 bp region (-63/-45). Several nuclear factors were found to bind to this region and some of these factors were enriched in nuclear extracts prepared from the brain. To examine the activity of the Mecp2 promoter in vivo, we generated transgenic mice expressing the LacZ reporter driven by the -677/+56 region of the Mecp2 gene. The transgene was expressed in the mesencephalon as early as embryonic day 10 and in the hindbrain and spinal cord by E12. Interestingly, a marked induction of transgene expression was observed postnatally throughout the brain, similar to that of endogenous MeCP2. However, expression of the transgene was absent in non-neuronal tissues that are known to express Mecp2. Taken together, these data indicate that the -677/+56 region of the Mecp2 promoter partially recapitulates the native expression pattern of the Mecp2 gene, which possesses restricted expression in neurons of the central nervous system.
The Importance of Eye Gaze and Head Pose to Estimating Levels of Attention (2011)

This paper explores, from a theoretical and technical point of view, the role of head rotation and eye gaze directionality to the human perception of attention from non-verbal cues. We have annotated two different versions of the same dataset, in order to correlate the above parameters with the degree people have considered people in the dataset pay attention to a hypothetical task they have in front of them. Based on our findings, we investigate the role of eye gaze directionality in relation to head rotations and, based on previous studies, we developed an algorithm for estimating attention levels from head pose, eye gaze and facial feature spatial locations. With the help of our AI system and people's annotation, we have made a first attempt towards quantifying the role of each cue to the overall estimation of attention. One of the important properties of the technical part of this work is that all systems we used were non-intrusive and did not demand any personal training or calibration phase, constituting themselves ideal for Game playing. Knowing the behavioral state of a player can be of vital importance for adapting the game design during interaction, or building personal profiles, leading to appropriate game features aiming at maximizing player satisfaction.
The Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds from Aryl Azides. III. Some Six-membered Rings and Some Azidobiaryls (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds from Aryl Azides. III. Some Six-membered Rings and Some AzidobiarylsPeter A. S. Smith, Bernard Beau Brown, Richard K. Putney, and Ronald F. ReinischCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 24, 6335–6337Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01120a534https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01120a534research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views408Altmetric-Citations40LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Specific high affinity binding of human interleukin 1β by Caf1A usher protein of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> (1995)

Understanding the interaction of Yersinia pestis with the key components of the immune system is important for elucidation of the pathogenesis of bubonic plague, one of the most severe and acute bacterial diseases. Here we report the specific, high affinity binding (Kd = 1.40 x 10(-10) M +/- 0.14 x 10(-10)) of radiolabelled human interleukin 1 beta (hIL-1 beta) to E. coli cells carrying the capsular f1 operon of Y. pestis. Caf1A outer membrane usher protein was isolated to greater than 98% purity. Competition studies with purified Caf1A, together with immunoblotting studies, identified Caf1A as the hIL-1 beta receptor. Competition between Caf1 subunit and hIL-1 beta for the same or an overlapping binding site on Caf1A was demonstrated. Relevance of these results to the pathogenesis of Y. pestis and other Gram negative bacterial pathogens with homologous outer membrane usher proteins is discussed.
Ameliorative Effects of Mulberry (<i>Morus alba</i>L.) Leaves on Hyperlipidemia in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet: Induction of Fatty Acid Oxidation, Inhibition of Lipogenesis, and Suppression of Oxidative Stress (2010)

To determine the effects of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves on hyperlipidemia, we performed gene expression profiling of the liver. Rats were fed a high-fat diet and administered mulberry leaves for 7 weeks. Plasma triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid levels were significantly lower in the rats treated with mulberry leaves as compared with the untreated rats. DNA microarray analysis revealed that mulberry leaves upregulated expression of the genes involved in α-, β- and ω-oxidation of fatty acids, mainly related to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, and downregulated the genes involved in lipogenesis. Furthermore, treatment with mulberry leaves upregulated expression of the genes involved in the response to oxidative stress. These results indicate that consumption of fatty acids and inhibition of lipogenesis are responsible for the reduction in plasma lipids caused by mulberry administration. In addition, mulberry treatment maintains the body's oxidative state at a low level despite enhancing fatty acid oxidation.
In-Plane Correlations in a Polymer-Supported Lipid Membrane Measured by Off-Specular Neutron Scattering (2011)

Polymer-supported single lipid bilayers are models to study configurations of cell membranes. We used off-specular neutron scattering to quantify in-plane height-height correlations of interfacial fluctuations of such a lipid bilayer. As temperature decreased from 37 °C to 25 °C, the polymer swells and the polymer-supported lipid membrane deviates from its initially nearly planar structure. A correlation length characteristic of capillary waves changes from 30 μm at 37 °C to 11 μm at 25 °C, while the membrane bending rigidity remains roughly constant in this temperature range.
Graph-based clustering for detecting frequent patterns in event log data (2016)

Finding frequent patterns is an important problem in data mining. We have devised a method for detecting frequent patterns in event log data. By representing events in a graph structure, we can generate clusters of frequently co-occurring events. This method is compared with basic association mining techniques and found to give a “macro-level” overview of patterns, which is more interpretable. In addition, the resulting graph-based clustering output for frequently co-occurring event sets is substantially less than association mining, while providing similar information levels. Therefore, the results are more manageable for practical applications.
Pretty Secure BGP (psBGP) (2005)

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an IETF standard inter-domain routing protocol on the Internet. However, it is well known that BGP is vulnerable to a variety of attacks, and that a single misconfigured or malicious BGP speaker could result in large scale service disruption. We first summarize a set of security goals for BGP, and then propose Pretty Secure BGP (ps-BGP) as a new security protocol achieving these goals. psBGP makes use of a centralized trust model for authenticating Autonomous System (AS) numbers, and a decentralized trust model for verifying the propriety of IP prefix origination. We compare psBGP with S-BGP and soBGP, the two leading security proposals for BGP. We believe psBGP trades off the strong security guarantees of S-BGP for presumed-simpler operations, while requiring a different endorsement model: each AS must select a small number (e.g., one or two) of its peers from which to obtain endorsement of its prefix ownership assertions. This work contributes to the ongoing exploration of tradeoffs and balance between security guarantee, operational simplicity, and policies acceptable to the operator community. 1.
Reclassification of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Haemophilus paraphrophilus and Haemophilus segnis as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans gen. nov., comb. nov., Aggregatibacter aphrophilus comb. nov. and Aggregatibacter segnis comb. nov., and emended description of Aggregatibacter aphrophilus to include V factor-dependent and V factor-independent isolates (2006)

The aim of this study was to reinvestigate the relationships and the generic affiliations of the species Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Haemophilus paraphrophilus and Haemophilus segnis. The nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase gene (nadV) conferring V factor-independent growth was identified in Haemophilus aphrophilus. The gene encodes a polypeptide of 462 amino acids that shows 74.5 % amino acid sequence identity to the corresponding enzyme from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Ten isolates of Haemophilus paraphrophilus all carried a nadV pseudogene. DNA from Haemophilus aphrophilus was able to transform Haemophilus paraphrophilus into the NAD-independent phenotype. The transformants carried a full-length nadV inserted in the former locus of the pseudogene. The DNA-DNA relatedness between the type strains of Haemophilus aphrophilus and Haemophilus paraphrophilus was 77 %. We conclude that the division into two species Haemophilus aphrophilus and Haemophilus paraphrophilus is not justified and that Haemophilus paraphrophilus should be considered a later heterotypic synonym of Haemophilus aphrophilus. Forty strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus and Haemophilus segnis were investigated by multilocus sequence analysis. The 40 strains form a monophyletic group clearly separate from other evolutionary lineages of the family Pasteurellaceae. We propose the transfer of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus and Haemophilus segnis to a new genus Aggregatibacter gen. nov. as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans comb. nov. (the type species; type strain ATCC 33384(T)=CCUG 13227(T)=CIP 52.106(T)=DSM 8324(T)=NCTC 9710(T)), Aggregatibacter aphrophilus comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 33389(T)=CCUG 3715(T)=CIP 70.73(T)=NCTC 5906(T)) and Aggregatibacter segnis comb. nov. (type strain HK316(T)=ATCC 33393(T)=CCUG 10787(T)=CCUG 12838(T)=CIP 103292(T)=NCTC 10977(T)). The species of the genus Aggregatibacter are independent of X factor and variably dependent on V factor for growth in vitro.