gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An electronic pulse corrector for D-C dialing circuits (1963)

The most widely used type of telephone switching equipment requires, for optimum operation, control pulses with a ratio of 60% break, 40% make. Distortion produced in interoffice transmission facilities may, however, result in wide variations in incoming pulse ratios. This paper describes a pulse corrector that produces uniform pulses of the proper ratio, from input pulses ranging from 10% to 90% break, at speeds of 7 1/2 to 14 pulses per second (pps).
High-flux source of polarization-entangled photons from a periodically poled<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">KTiOPO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>parametric down-converter (2004)

We have demonstrated a high-flux source of polarization-entangled photons using a type-II phase-matched periodically poled ${\mathrm{KTiOPO}}_{4}$ parametric down-converter in a collinearly propagating configuration. We have observed quantum interference between the single-beam down-converted photons with a visibility of 99% together with a measured coincidence flux of $300{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}/\mathrm{mW}$ of pump. The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt version of Bell's inequality was violated with a value of $2.711\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017.$
Effects of poloxamer 407 on the assembly, structure and dissolution of fibrin clots (1996)

Poloxamer 407 has shown clinical promise in suppressing surgically related adhesion formation. The mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood. Since poloxamer 188 has rather dramatic fibrin altering properties, the present study was performed to evaluate the effects of poloxamer 407 on fibrin assembly, structure and dissolution. Studies were performed in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and a purified protein system. Poloxamer 407 enhanced the rate of fibrin assembly, and increased final gel turbidity. As poloxamer 407 concentration rose from 0 to 20 mg/ml in the purified protein system, the final gel optical density (OD) increased from 0.30 to 0.95, and fiber size (mass/length ratio [mu]) increased from 2.4 to 13.4 x 10(13) daltons/cm. Precipitation was noted in the purified system at poloxamer 407 concentrations > or = 20 mg/ml. Over a poloxamer 407 range of 0-20 mg/ml, mu increased from 2.64 to 13.2 x 10(13) daltons/cm in PRP. In PPP, mu increased from 2.95 to 9.25 x 10(13) daltons/cm. In contrast to results with poloxamer 188, clot lysis with tPA (43 IU/ml) was prolonged in the presence of poloxamer 407. At 20 mg of poloxamer 407 per ml, clot lysis was less than 18% complete after 3000 s. For the control, lysis was 50% complete after 1350 s. Poloxamer 407 inhibition of fibrinolysis was due to inhibition of plasminogen activation or plasmin activity. The fibrin altering properties of poloxamer 407 may partially explain some of this agent's interesting clinical properties.
Use of Truquant BR radioimmunoassay for early detection of breast cancer recurrence in patients with stage II and stage III disease. (1997)

These data demonstrate that the Truquant BR RIA can be used as an aid to predict recurrent breast cancer in patients with stage II and III disease.
Nanopore Sequencing of the phi X 174 genome (2014)

Nanopore sequencing of DNA is a single-molecule technique that may achieve long reads, low cost, and high speed with minimal sample preparation and instrumentation. Here, we build on recent progress with respect to nanopore resolution and DNA control to interpret the procession of ion current levels observed during the translocation of DNA through the pore MspA. As approximately four nucleotides affect the ion current of each level, we measured the ion current corresponding to all 256 four-nucleotide combinations (quadromers). This quadromer map is highly predictive of ion current levels of previously unmeasured sequences derived from the bacteriophage phi X 174 genome. Furthermore, we show nanopore sequencing reads of phi X 174 up to 4,500 bases in length that can be unambiguously aligned to the phi X 174 reference genome, and demonstrate proof-of-concept utility with respect to hybrid genome assembly and polymorphism detection. All methods and data are made fully available.
Protection of Metal Parts of Aircraft against Corrosion (1932)

During the past few years particular attention has been paid to the protection of metal parts of engineering structures of all kinds against corrosion. The problem of protecting metal structures against deterioration is now recognised as of primary concern both to users and to manufacturers. Corrosion prevention is an economic problem and its cost must be based on the cost of preventative measures compared with the loss directly and indirectly due to deterioration. In those sections of industry in which marked advances have occurred in corrosion prevention, the advances can be seen to be the result of close co-operation between the laboratory, manufacturers and users.
Sol–Gel Preparation of BaTi <sub>4</sub> O <sub>9</sub> and Ba <sub>2</sub> Ti <sub>9</sub> O <sub>20</sub> (2001)

BaTi 4 O 9 and Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 precursors were prepared via a sol–gel method, using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a chelating agent. The sol–gel precursors were heated at 700°–1200°C in air, and X‐ray diffractometry (XRD) was used to determine the phase transformations as a function of temperature. Single‐phase BaTi 4 O 9 could not be obtained, even after heating the precursors at 1200°C for 2 h, whereas single‐phase Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 (as determined via XRD) was obtained at 1200°C for 2 h. Details of the synthesis and characterization of the resultant products have been given.
A parallel processing architecture for image understanding (1991)

Abstract General‐purpose image understanding requires that an image understanding system be built that will accommodate multiple image understanding algorithms and thereby provide the system with flexibility and robustness. This paper proposes a mechanism whereby multiple modules can cooperate with each other and process in parallel, each of which modules is designed to execute a dedicated image understanding algorithm. An architecture to implement the mechanism onto a parallel computer is also presented. Knowledge regarding the execution of an algorithm and the results obtained by the execution are stored in each separate module. These results are accessed when the modules communicate with each other. Intra‐module parallel processing can be done by executing in parallel processes that are dynamically generated with query by query coming to each module to reply. This intra‐module processing makes it possible to concurrently apply the same algorithm to different local parts of a single image. A stereo matching system, one application of the mechanism, is introduced and some experimental results obtained on a parallel computer are shown.
Library of synthetic transcriptional AND gates built with split T7 RNA polymerase mutants (2013)

The construction of synthetic gene circuits relies on our ability to engineer regulatory architectures that are orthogonal to the host's native regulatory pathways. However, as synthetic gene circuits become larger and more complicated, we are limited by the small number of parts, especially transcription factors, that work well in the context of the circuit. The current repertoire of transcription factors consists of a limited selection of activators and repressors, making the implementation of transcriptional logic a complicated and component-intensive process. To address this, we modified bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase (T7 RNAP) to create a library of transcriptional AND gates for use in Escherichia coli by first splitting the protein and then mutating the DNA recognition domain of the C-terminal fragment to alter its promoter specificity. We first demonstrate that split T7 RNAP is active in vivo and compare it with full-length enzyme. We then create a library of mutant split T7 RNAPs that have a range of activities when used in combination with a complimentary set of altered T7-specific promoters. Finally, we assay the two-input function of both wild-type and mutant split T7 RNAPs and find that regulated expression of the N- and C-terminal fragments of the split T7 RNAPs creates AND logic in each case. This work demonstrates that mutant split T7 RNAP can be used as a transcriptional AND gate and introduces a unique library of components for use in synthetic gene circuits.
An Organizational Climate Intervention Associated With Increased Handwashing and Decreased Nosocomial Infections (2000)

Handwashing practices are persistently suboptimal among healthcare professionals and are also stubbornly resistant to change. The purpose of this quasi-experimental intervention trial was to assess the impact of an intervention to change organizational culture on frequency of staff handwashing (as measured by counting devices inserted into soap dispensers on four critical care units) and nosocomial infections associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). All staff in one of two hospitals in the mid-Atlantic region received an intervention with multiple components designed to change organizational culture; the second hospital served as a comparison. Over a period of 8 months, 860,567 soap dispensings were recorded, with significant improvements in the study hospital after 6 months of follow-up. Rates of MRSA were not significantly different between the two hospitals, but rates of VRE were significantly reduced in the intervention hospital during implementation.
Provably efficient scheduling for languages with fine-grained parallelism (1995)

Many high-level parallel programming languages allow for fine-grained parallelism.As in the popular work-time framework for parallel algorithm design, programs written in such ing problem discussed here, even if space considerations are ignored.1 Nodes represent unit-work tasks, and edges (assumed to be directed downward in the figure) represent control and/or data flow between the tasks.A level-by-level schedule of this graph requires @(n3) space for program variables, in order to hold the n3 intermediate results required at the widest level of the graph.Moreover, such a schedule may use @(n3 ) space for task bookkeeping, in order to keep track of tasks ready to be scheduled.Note that the standard depthfirst sequential schedule oft his graph uses only @(n2 ) space, counting the space for the input and output matrices.grams (such as for parallel quicksort [J&J92, Ble95]) whose task structure or data dependencies are reveaJed only as 1.2An efficient scheduling algorithm
Lacrimal canaliculitis due to Arachnia (Actinomyces) propionica. (1981)

The clinical and microbiological findings in a chronic case of lacrimal canaliculitis due to Arachnia propionica are described. Bacterial culture and identification should be performed in the investigation of the disease in order to establish the role of A. propionica and other specific actinomycetes at the acute as well as at the chronic stage.
Near-field Fourier ptychography: super-resolution phase retrieval via speckle illumination (2019)

High spatial resolution is the goal of many imaging systems. While designing a high-resolution lens with diffraction-limited performance over a large field of view remains a difficult task, creating a complex speckle pattern with wavelength-limited spatial features is easily accomplished with a simple random diffuser. With this observation and the concept of near-field ptychography, we report a new imaging modality, termed near-field Fourier ptychography, to address high-resolution imaging challenges in both microscopic and macroscopic imaging settings. 'Near-field' refers to placing the object at a short defocus distance with a large Fresnel number. We project a speckle pattern with fine spatial features on the object instead of directly resolving the spatial features via a high-resolution lens. We then translate the object (or speckle) to different positions and acquire the corresponding images by using a low-resolution lens. A ptychographic phase retrieval process is used to recover the complex object, the unknown speckle pattern, and the coherent transfer function at the same time. In a microscopic imaging setup, we use a 0.12 numerical aperture (NA) lens to achieve an NA of 0.85 in the reconstruction process. In a macroscale photographic imaging setup, we achieve ~7-fold resolution gain by using a photographic lens. The collection optics do not determine the final achievable resolution; rather, the speckle pattern's feature size does. This is similar to our recent demonstration in fluorescence imaging settings (Guo et al., Biomed. Opt. Express, 9(1), 2018). The reported imaging modality can be employed in light, coherent X-ray, and transmission electron imaging systems to increase resolution and provide quantitative absorption and object phase contrast.
Preparation and Properties of B‐Trifluoro‐, B‐Triiodo‐ and B‐Triazidoborazines (1963)

Abstract B‐Trifluoro‐, B‐triiodo‐ and B‐triazidoborazines were prepared by the reaction of B‐trichloroborazines with sodium fluoride, sodium iodide and sodium azide respectively, in suitable solvents. The reaction of B‐trifluoro‐N‐triphenyl borazine with Grignard reagents was studied.
A 6.78-MHz Single-Stage Wireless Power Receiver Using a 3-Mode Reconfigurable Resonant Regulating Rectifier (2017)

A 6.78-MHz wireless power receiver using a 3-mode reconfigurable resonant regulating rectifier for resonant wireless power transfer is presented. The proposed receiver improves power conversion efficiency and reduces die area and off-chip components by achieving power conversion plus voltage regulation in one stage, using only four on-chip power transistors and one off-chip capacitor. Moreover, the proposed 3-mode operation reduces the output voltage ripples and accomplishes switching synchronization easily during mode switching. The proposed pulsewidth modulation controller using ramp-stacking technique and type-II compensation achieves tight voltage regulation in the full loading range with fast transient responses. An adaptive sizing method is also employed to further improve the light-load efficiency of the receiver. Fabricated in a standard 0.35-μm CMOS process using 5-V devices, the receiver regulates the output voltage at 5 V and delivers a maximum power of 6 W. The measured peak efficiency reaches 92.2% when delivering an output power of 3.5 W. For a load step between 0.5 and 5 W, the overshoot and undershoot are less than 300 mV and the settling times are less than 16 μs.
Reliability of Safety-Critical Systems: Theory and Applications (2014)

Section 8.4 provides approximation formulas for the frequency of dangerous group failures (DGFs) and the PFDavg for general koon voted groups of independent and identical channels in (8.39) and (8.48), respectively. A DGF occurs when at least n − k + 1 channels have simultaneous D faults. The two formulas, (8.39) and (8.48), are adequate whenn−k+1 ≤ 2, but may be somewhat inaccurate when n − k + 1 ≥ 3. The inaccuracy is usually insigni cant since the probability that three or more independent channels are in a D fault state (simultaneously) in the same proof test interval will be very, very low for most practical SISs.1 The inaccuracies of the two formulas are therefore mostly of theoretical interest. Anyway, an improved derivation of the two formulas is presented in this note. For those of you who nd the presentation in Section 8.4 of the book to be inadequate, I have written a replacement version of pages 224–230 that may be downloaded from http://www.ntnu.edu/ross/books/sis – see Errata. The current note provides a more thorough derivation and several examples.
Characterisation of surface layers formed under natural environmental conditions on medieval stained glass and ancient copper alloys using SEM, SIMS and atomic force microscopy (1999)

Atmospheric corrosion is the result of interactions between a material and the surrounding environment. It involves a number of physical, chemical and electrochemical processes in the interfacial region ranging from the contacting atmosphere over the aqueous adlayer to the material itself. In this contribution surface analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, in combination with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDX) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) were applied to characterise the corrosion phenomena occurring on medieval stained glass and ancient bronze artefacts. A so-called leached layer has been formed on the glass surfaces due to an ion exchange process, where the potassium and calcium of the glass are replaced by hydrogen bearing species from the moist air. Subsequently, chemical reactions of the leached glass constituents K and Ca with acidifying gases in the ambient atmosphere has led to the formation of a weathering crust. On the surfaces of bronze artefacts a cuprous oxide (mainly) has been built up. Further chemical reactions are leading to crystalline weathering products such as brochantite or malachite depending on the environmental conditions. Additionally, tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) has been applied to study the initial stages of the weathering processes on glass with medieval composition and on pure copper. The task of the present work was not only to develop new analytical strategies and methods, but also to gain additional information of the surface processes involved. Protection against atmospheric corrosion requires such detailed understanding of the role of different corrosion stimulating constituents in the environment, such as humidity, gaseous pollutants and aerosol particulates.
Sulfenyl halides as modifying reagents for polypeptides and proteins. II. Modification of cysteinyl residues (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSulfenyl halides as modifying reagents for polypeptides and proteins. II. Modification of cysteinyl residuesAngelo. Fontana, Ernesto. Scoffone, and Carlo A. BenassiCite this: Biochemistry 1968, 7, 3, 980–986Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00843a015https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00843a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detecting approach of emergency vehicles using siren sound processing (2019)

When an emergency vehicle approaches a self- driving automobile, the automobile must give precedence to the emergency vehicle and needs to perform driving operations such as stopping or yielding. This requires the ability to automatically detect the approach of an emergency vehicle. In this study, for siren sounds based on emergency vehicle standards in Japan, we developed a method that uses siren sound processing to detect the approach of emergency vehicles and identify the type. These methods were used to evaluate the detection and identification of multiple types of emergency vehicle sound sources and in the presence of background noise set to approximate a real driving environment.
Early detection of BGP instabilities resulting from internet worm attacks (2005)

The increasing incidence of worm attacks in the Internet and the resulting instabilities in the global routing properties of the border gateway protocol (BGP) routers pose a serious threat to the connectivity and the ability of the Internet to deliver data correctly. In this paper we propose a mechanism to detect/predict the onset of such instabilities which can then enable the timely execution of preventive strategies in order to minimize the damage caused by the worm. Our technique is based on online statistical methods relying on sequential change-point and persistence filter based detection algorithms. Our technique is validated using a year's worth of real traces collected from BGP routers in the Internet that we use to detect/predict the global routing instabilities corresponding to the Code Red II, Nimda and SQL Slammer worms.
Motion Capture Measures Variability in Laryngoscopic Movement During Endotracheal Intubation (2012)

Motion analysis can detect interprovider differences in hand and laryngoscope movements during ETI, which may be related to provider experience. This technology has potential to objectively measure training and skill in ETI.
Self-Defined Gesture Recognition on Keyless Handheld Devices using MEMS 3D Accelerometer (2008)

A novel gesture recognition method is introduced in this paper, and it is designed for keyless handheld devices specially. This terminal contains a three dimensional MEMS accelerometer and a Single Chip Microcontroller, which enable kinds of gesture recognitions, such as inclination, swaying and handwritten Arabic numerals. In this way, we could operate a handheld device without any key just by gesture recognition. It is noted that the same track of a numeral may come from different strokes, for example, Arabic numeral "0" could be written clockwise or anti-clockwise, so self-defined gesture recognition is adopted in Arabic numeral recognition, by which every user could "write" in their own way. Using keyless handheld devices, young guys could get more fun and old people or blind persons could get more convenience. A large number of experiments have been done to verify its reliability and the correct rates (C.R.) prove this terminal could satisfy users' basic requirements.
Don't get caught in the cold, warm-up your JVM: understand and eliminate JVM warm-up overhead in data-parallel systems (2016)

Many widely used, latency sensitive, data-parallel distributed systems, such as HDFS, Hive, and Spark choose to use the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), despite debate on the overhead of doing so. This paper analyzes the extent and causes of the JVM performance overhead in the above mentioned systems. Surprisingly, we find that the warm-up overhead, i.e., class loading and interpretation of bytecode, is frequently the bottleneck. For example, even an I/O intensive, 1GB read on HDFS spends 33% of its execution time in JVM warm-up, and Spark queries spend an average of 21 seconds in warm-up.The findings on JVM warm-up overhead reveal a contradiction between the principle of parallelization, i.e., speeding up long running jobs by parallelizing them into short tasks, and amortizing JVM warm-up overhead through long tasks. We solve this problem by designing HotTub, a new JVM that amortizes the warm-up overhead over the lifetime of a cluster node instead of over a single job by reusing a pool of already warm JVMs across multiple applications. The speed-up is significant. For example, using HotTub results in up to 1.8X speedups for Spark queries, despite not adhering to the JVM specification in edge cases.
Peripheral and central substrates involved in the Rostrad transmission of nociceptive information (1982)

Department of Neurosurgery Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. 55901 U.S.A. (Received 26 May 1981, accepted 28 May 1981)