gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of Human Papillomavirus-Specific CD4<sup>+</sup>and CD8<sup>+</sup>Lymphocytes by E7-Pulsed Autologous Dendritic Cells in Patients with Human Papillomavirus Type 16- and 18-Positive Cervical Cancer (1999)

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 (HPV 16) and HPV type 18 (HPV 18) are implicated in the induction and progression of the majority of cervical cancers. Since the E6 and E7 oncoproteins of these viruses are expressed in these lesions, such proteins might be potential tumor-specific targets for immunotherapy. In this report, we demonstrate that recombinant, full-length E7-pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DC) can elicit a specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against autologous tumor target cells in three patients with HPV 16- or HPV 18-positive cervical cancer. E7-specific CTL populations expressed strong cytolytic activity against autologous tumor cells, did not lyse autologous concanavalin A-treated lymphoblasts or autologous Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), and showed low levels of cytotoxicity against natural killer cell-sensitive K562 cells. Cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells could be significantly blocked by anti-HLA class I (W6/32) and anti-CD11a/LFA-1 antibodies. Phenotypically, all CTL populations were CD3(+)/CD8(+), with variable levels of CD56 expression. CTL induced by E7-pulsed DC were also highly cytotoxic against an allogeneic HLA-A2(+) HPV 16-positive matched cell line (CaSki). In addition, we show that specific lymphoproliferative responses by autologous CD4(+) T cells can also be induced by E7-pulsed autologus DC. E7-specific CD4(+) T cells proliferated in response to E7-pulsed LCL but not unpulsed LCL, and this response could be blocked by anti-HLA class II antibody. Finally, with two-color flow cytometric analysis of intracellular cytokine expression at the single-cell level, a marked Th1-like bias (as determined by the frequency of gamma interferon- and interleukin 4-expressing cells) was observable for both CD8(+) and CD4(+) E7-specific lymphocyte populations. Taken together, these data demonstrate that full-length E7-pulsed DC can induce both E7-specific CD4(+) T-cell proliferative responses and strong CD8(+) CTL responses capable of lysing autologous naturally HPV-infected cancer cells in patients with cervical cancer. These results may have important implications for the treatment of cervical cancer patients with active or adoptive immunotherapy.
Two regulatory levels of transcriptional gene silencing in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2002)

In mammals, some fungi, and plants, DNA methylation plays a central role in the epigenetic control of gene transcription. Recently, however, a subclass of Arabidopsis mutants revealed that the release of transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) does not necessarily require DNA demethylation. Here, we address the fundamental question of whether these mutants delineate a previously uncharacterized, methylation-independent level of epigenetic regulation, or whether they just act downstream of DNA methylation signals. Two mutants described earlier, ddm1 and mom1, reactivate previously silent loci: ddm1 impairs TGS by reducing chromosomal DNA methylation, and mom1 releases TGS without affecting DNA methylation. We examined the epistatic relationship between ddm1 and mom1 by constructing double mutant strains. The synergistic release of TGS revealed by gene expression patterns from silent loci, drastic developmental abnormalities, and characteristic changes in nuclear architecture in these double mutants implies that DDM1 and MOM are likely to operate at independent levels in TGS control. Our results indicate that the methylation-independent silencing mechanism reinforces the methylation-based system and prevents extremely rapid epigenetic deregulation in plants with DNA methylation deficiencies.
DBU-CH<sub>3</sub>I, a Potential Substitute for CH<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub> in the Preparation of Methyl Esters and Methyl Aryl Ethers: Studies with Assorted Acids (2008)

Abstract DBU-CH3I has been poised to be a substitute for diazomethane in the preparation of methyl esters from carboxylic acids. The reactions can be carried out in commercial untreated acetone and acetonitrile, which have been exemplified with several methyl esters, otherwise it is difficult to prepare. Bis-esterification using diiodomethane can also be achieved in a similar fashion. Sufficiently acidic phenols are also conveniently O-methylated by the method.
Automated Reasoning on Aspects Interactions (2006)

The aspect-oriented paradigm allows weaving aspects in different join points of a program. Aspects can modify object fields and method control flow, thus possibly introducing subtle and undesired interactions (conflicts) among aspects and objects, which are not easily detectable. In this paper we propose a fully automated approach to discover conflicts among classes and aspects directly from Java bytecode. The novelty of this work is the usage of a rule engine for identifying possible conflicts among advices, methods, and fields. The knowledge base is obtained through static analysis of classes and aspects bytecode. The possible conflicts are represented by means of rules that can be easily extended and customized
A new approach to continuous counter-current protein chromatography: Direct purification of malate dehydrogenase from aSaccharomyces cerevisiae homogenate as a model system (1997)

A novel technique for protein chromatography has been developed, which can be used to extract proteins from particulate-containing solutions (such as fermentation broths or preparations of disrupted cells) on a continuous basis, and delivers clarified streams of purified product. Adsorbents deployed in this type of contactor are based on PVA-coated perfluorocarbons derivitized with affinity ligands such as triazine dyes. In this article, we describe the application of this equipment for the continuous purification of malate dehydrogenase from an unclarified homogenate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using a Procion Red HE-7B-derivitized adsorbent. Although operating conditions were not optimized to produce a product of maximized purification factor, concentration, and yield, we have shown that MDH can be purified continuously in 78% yield at a rate of 70 U/min, with a purification factor of approximately 10. This corresponds to specific productivity of approximately 0.35 U/min per milliliter of settled adsorbent, a higher specific productivity than was feasible with the same adsorbent using expanded bed adsorption (EBA). (c) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 53: 427-441, 1997.
Using Sociology to Analyze Human and Organizational Problems: A Humanistic Perspective to Link Theory and Practice (1986)

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that sociological theory is a major part of the knowledge base needed by sociological practitioners, including both applied and clinical sociologists. Four well-established theories are reviewed to assess their perspectives on social reality, the kinds of problems they would be expected to highlight, and the types of solutions they would be likely to suggest. These are: symbolic interactionism, functionalism or systems theory, exchange theory, and critical theory. It is pointed out that these theories can stimulate sociologists to assess whether their priorities focus on the maintenance of organizational structures or on the fulfillment of human needs.
The mechanical properties of high polymers (1947)

E. HUTCHINSOX 447 E. HUTCHINSOX 447 A Lecture given by PROFESSORH. MARK,Director of the Polymer Res. Inst., the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, N.Y., before the Faraday Society at the Royal Institution in London, on 26th June, 1946. High polymeric materials have received much attention by scientists and
REPRESSED AND ACTIVE CHROMATIN ISOLATED FROM INTERPHASE LYMPHOCYTES (1963)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Dietary Components and Immune Function (2010)

Dietary Components and Immune Function focuses on immune modulation, immune mediated disease resistance, immune changes due to AIDS, immune modulated cancer therapy, and autoimmune diseases as modifie
Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on early human haemopoietic cell development (1997)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulates cell proliferation, differentiation and migration by binding to its receptor, MET R. Whether the HGF/MET R axis plays an important regulatory role in human haemopoietic cell growth is an unresolved issue. To investigate this situation, we employed several complementary strategies including RT-PCR, FACS analysis, and mRNA perturbation with oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). We found that very primitive, FACS sorted, CD34+ Kit+ marrow mononuclear cells (MNC) failed to express RT-PCR detectable MET R mRNA. In contrast, MET R expression was easily detectable by RT-PCR in marrow stroma fibroblasts, in cells isolated from BFU-E and CFU-GM colonies, and in unselected normal MNC. Subsequent FACS analysis revealed that MET R protein was detectable on approximately 5% of the latter cells. HGF, at concentrations of 1-50 ng/ml, had no demonstrable effect on survival or cloning efficiency of normal CD34+ MNC in serum-free cultures. Antisense ODN mediated perturbation of MET R mRNA expression in normal CD34+ MNC, with FACS documented decline in protein expression, had no effect on the ability of these cells to give rise to haemopoietic colonies of any lineage. We also examined the biology of HGF/MET R expression in malignant haemopoietic cells. Using the strategies described above, we found that MET R mRNA was expressed in many human haemopoietic cell lines, and that the protein was expressed at high levels on HTLV transformed T lymphocytes. Wild-type CML and AML blast cells also expressed MET mRNA, and HGF was able to co-stimulate CFU-GM colony formation in approximately 20% of cases studied. Therefore, although the HGF/MET R axis appears to be dispensable for normal haemopoietic cell growth, it may play a role in the growth of malignant haemopoietic progenitor cells.
Intravenous allicin improves pulmonary blood flow after ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. (2002)

This study shows that allicin improves postischemic PAF in this model. Allicin needs further investigation of potential utility and mechanism(s) of action.
Comparative efficacy of two α <sub>1</sub> ‐adrenoreceptor antagonists, doxazosin and alfuzosin, in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms from benign prostatic enlargement (2004)

The mean doses of doxazosin and alfuzosin used in this study were not equipotent. Doxazosin 6.1 mg/day produced significantly greater improvements than alfuzosin 8.8 mg/day in total and irritative urinary symptom scores and postvoid residual urine volume in men with moderate to severe LUTS. Changes in maximum and mean flow rates were comparable. Doxazosin and alfuzosin were both well tolerated.
Carbon Dioxide Recycling: Emerging Large‐Scale Technologies with Industrial Potential (2011)

This Review introduces this special issue of ChemSusChem dedicated to CO(2) recycling. Its aim is to offer an up-to-date overview of CO(2) chemical utilization (inorganic mineralization, organic carboxylation, reduction reactions, and biochemical conversion), as a continuation and extension of earlier books and reviews on this topic, but with a specific focus on large-volume routes and projects/pilot plants that are currently emerging at (pre-)industrial level. The Review also highlights how some of these routes will offer a valuable opportunity to introduce renewable energy into the existing energy and chemical infrastructure (i.e., "drop-in" renewable energy) by synthesis of chemicals from CO(2) that are easy to transport and store. CO(2) conversion therefore has the potential to become a key pillar of the sustainable and resource-efficient production of chemicals and energy from renewables.
ASSESSMENT OF THREE SURFACE COLLECTING AGENTS DURING TEMPERATE AND ARCTIC CONDITIONS (1985)

ABSTRACT Laboratory and field tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using surface collecting agents in cold weather oil recovery and in situ burning operations. In a small laboratory test tank, the surface areas and equilibrium thicknesses of three Alaskan North Slope crude oils were observed before and after the application of three different surface collecting agents to each oil. Numerous small bench-top tests also were conducted to further support the observations made in the test tank. Ambient air temperatures were varied from 23° C to −17° C, while the temperatures of fresh water and laboratory-prepared sea water were varied from 15° C to 0° C. The three surface collecting agents used (Corexit OC-5, Nalco 3WP-086, Shell Oil Herder) were equally effective in concentrating the areas of thin films by as much as 95 percent within a minute or less. The efficiencies of the surface collecting agents were observed to decrease only slightly with air temperatures below 0° C. Equilibrium thicknesses and areas before and after collectant application were determined using standard photometric techniques. In addition, two field tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of collecting agents on large experimental oil slicks in an onshore pit at Prudhoe Bay. In each test, approximately 1 m3 of fresh Prudhoe Bay crude oil was released and allowed to come to an equilibrium thickness. In each test, the oil was concentrated with Corexit OC-5 and Shell Oil Herder and then ignited. Winds of 4-to-6 knots (2-to-3 m/s) herded the slicks into one corner of the pit and produced an average slick thickness of 9.5 mm. The use of collectants resulted in a 5 percent reduction of the wind-herded slick areas, thus increasing the thicknesses to approximately 10 mm.
Renin — From Beginning to End (1990)

IN 1898 Tigerstedt and Bergman1 observed a sustained pressor response after the infusion of a saline extract of renal tissue into a rabbit. This ultimately led to elucidation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, the components of which are essential for homeostatic control of blood pressure and fluid and electrolyte balance. The aspartyl proteinase renin is released from juxtaglomerular cells encircling the afferent arterioles in the kidney. It acts on the α2-globulin angiotensinogen, produced in the liver, to form the nonpressor decapeptide angiotensin I. This in turn is cleaved by the peptidyl dipeptidase angiotensin-converting enzyme to angiotensin II, which has . . .
Linear current division in resistive areas (1970)

Present-day computer systems employ a variety of sophisticated peripheral equipments for the input and output of information. This paper describes a new method of obtaining (x, y) coordinate position information by means of linear current division in a resistive area.
An 'omics approach towards CHO cell engineering (2013)

Chinese hamster ovarian cells (CHO) cells have been extensively utilized for industrial production of biopharmaceutical products, such as monoclonal antibodies, human growth hormones, cytokines, and blood-products. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have resulted in the bioengineering of CHO cells that have robust gene amplification systems and can also be adapted to grow in suspension cultures. In parallel, recent advances in techniques and tools for decoding the CHO cell genome, transcriptome, proteome, and glycome have led to new areas of study for better understanding the metabolic pathways in CHO cells with the long-term goal of developing new biologics. This review paper discusses the recent advances in bioengineering strategies in CHO cell lines and the impact of the knowledge gained by CHO cell genomics, transcriptomics, and glycomics on the future of CHO-cell engineering.
Synchronizing optical data and electrical control planes in asynchronous optical packet switches (2006)

We experimentally demonstrate the use of optical payload envelope detection in a 40 Gbit/s asynchronous optical packet switch to synchronize the optical data and electrical control planes. Measurements show 100% envelope recovery over an 8.5 dB packet power dynamic range.
The role of stents in the treatment of congenital heart disease: Current status and future perspectives (2009)

Intravascular or intracardiac stenoses occur in many forms of congenital heart disease (CHD). Therefore, the implantation of stents has become an accepted interventional procedure for stenotic lesions in pediatric cardiology. Furthermore, stents are know to be used to exclude vessel aneurysm or to ensure patency of existing or newly created intracardiac communications. With the further refinement of the first generation of devices, a variety of "modern" stents with different design characteristics have evolved. Despite the tremendous technical improvement over the last 20 years, the "ideal stent" has not yet been developed. Therefore, the pediatric interventionalist has to decide which stent is suitable for each lesion. On this basis, currently available stents are discussed in regard to their advantages and disadvantages for common application in CHD. New concepts and designs developed to overcome some of the existing problems, like the failure of adaptation to somatic growth, are presented. Thus, in the future, biodegradable or growth stents might replace the currently used generation of stents. This might truly lead to widening indications for the use of stents in the treatment of CHD.
The "Alpine" Plants of the Antilles (1970)

Although few mountains of the Antilles are over 5000 ft, some of them do possess a distinctive type of vegetation near the summit. Mountains such as Mt. Pelee, the Soufriere of Guadeloupe, or the Soufriere of St. Vincent have been active volcanoes in the present century, and the reduced scanty or restricted vegetation there may be due to past and present volcanic fumes or rapid percolation of water on ashy substrata. The reduced elfin vegetation of other mountains has been attributed to effects of persistent wind, persistent cloud cover, colder temperatures, or saturated soils. Studies of the elfin forest on Pico del Oeste (3050 ft) in Puerto Rico have supplied information on both the environment of the mountain top and the composition of the forest type. After a full year of study it was shown that the rainfall was 453 cm; that clouds enveloped the peak 100 percent of the nighttime hours and 60 percent of daylight hours with the average relative humidity 98.5 percent. Clouds supplied an additional 10 percent to the total rainfall. Wind speed raniged from 8 to 11.1 knots. The average mean temperature was 17.4 degrees C and the soil 18.3 degrees C. Growth patterns of individual plants showed an abundance of long shoot-short shoot stems; dichotomous branching and pagoda branching. Insect damage to leaves was high, reducing the photosynthetic potential of the forest. Fertility was very low as recorded in pollen viability and seed set. THE ISLANDS OF the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean area possess volcanic cones which range in altitude from the 1950-foot St. Eustatius in the north to the 2749 feet of Mt. Catherine on Grenada in the south,
Lysosomal storage and impaired autophagy lead to inflammasome activation in <scp>G</scp> aucher macrophages (2015)

Gaucher disease, the inherited deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase, is characterized by the presence of glucosylcer-amide macrophages, the accumulation of glucosylceramide in lysosomes and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. However, the connection between this lysosomal storage and inflammation is not clear. Studying macrophages derived from peripheral monocytes from patients with type 1 Gaucher disease with genotype N370S/N370S, we confirmed an increased secretion of interleukins IL-1β and IL-6. In addition, we found that activation of the inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that activates caspase-1, led to the maturation of IL-1β in Gaucher macrophages. We show that inflammasome activation in these cells is the result of impaired autophagy. Treatment with the small-molecule glucocerebrosidase chaperone NCGC758 reversed these defects, inducing autophagy and reducing IL-1β secretion, confirming the role of the deficiency of lysosomal glucocerebrosidase in these processes. We found that in Gaucher macrophages elevated levels of the autophagic adaptor p62 prevented the delivery of inflammasomes to autophagosomes. This increase in p62 led to activation of p65-NF-kB in the nucleus, promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the secretion of IL-1β. This newly elucidated mechanism ties lysosomal dysfunction to inflammasome activation, and may contribute to the massive organomegaly, bone involvement and increased susceptibility to certain malignancies seen in Gaucher disease. Moreover, this link between lysosomal storage, impaired autophagy, and inflammation may have implications relevant to both Parkinson disease and the aging process. Defects in these basic cellular processes may also provide new therapeutic targets.
Surface Figuring Using Neutral Ion Beams (1989)

During recent years, economic and technological pressures have driven research for higher performance optical fabrication techniques. Among the candidate figuring technologies is ion beam sputtering in which material is removed from the optical surface by the kinetic interaction of ions and atoms or molecules of the surface. The first use of sputtering as a means for optical figuring occurred in the mid 1960's [1,2], and the technique has been investigated by several groups since that time. The prior work was done primarily with ion sources producing high energy (20KeV and above), low current (fraction of a milliampere), narrow (usually less than one millimeter) ion beams. The low current directly translates to low removal rates, while the high energy contributes to radiation damage, ion implantation, and other effects. In the present work the low current, high energy source is replaced with a Kaufman broad-beam ion source[3]. These sources produce higher ion currents at lower energies, thus giving faster removal with minimal surface damage. The ion beam produced by a Kaufman ion source consists of a number of ions traveling in a (typi-cally) slightly diverging beam, along with an equal flux of lower energy electrons. The electrons are injected into the ion beam to reduce electrostatic repulsion in the beam, but also to prevent the charging of dielectric targets.
Casein Kinase II Associates with Egr-1 and Acts as a Negative Modulator of Its DNA Binding and Transcription Activities in NIH 3T3 Cells (1996)

Although the activation domains within early growth response gene protein 1 (Egr-1) have been mapped, little is known of the kinases which phosphorylate Egr-1 and how phosphorylation correlates with the transcriptional activity of Egr-1. In this study we report that casein kinase II (CKII) co-immunoprecipitates with Egr-1 from NIH 3T3 cell lysates. The association of Egr-1 and CKII requires the C terminus of Egr-1 and CKII phosphorylates Egr-1 in vitro. The in vitro phosphorylation of Egr-1 by CKII and that induced by serum in vivo was compared by examining the CNBr-digested fragments of the phosphorylated Egr-1. CKII strongly phosphorylates fragments 7 and 10 which cover part of the activation/nuclear localization and DNA binding domains of Egr-1. CKII also phosphorylates, albeit weakly, fragments 5 and 8 which cover part of activation domain and the entire repression domain of Egr-1, respectively. Strong phosphorylation on fragment 10 as well as fragment 5 was also observed in Egr-1 immunoprecipitated from serum-induced, 32P-labeled cells. CKII phosphorylation of Egr-1 resulted in a decrease of its DNA binding as well as its transcriptional activities.
Current issues in dengue vaccination (2013)

Dengue vaccine development efforts have numerous complex challenges to overcome before a well tolerated and effective vaccine is licensed and available. In this review, the authors discuss the current issues in dengue vaccination.