gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extracellular pH controls pre-mRNA alternative splicing of tenascin-C in normal, but not in malignantly transformed, cells (1996)

In cultured normal human fibroblasts, 2 main tenascin-C (TN-C) isoforms are generated by alternative splicing of the single TN-C primary transcript, 8 type III repeats being included or omitted in the mRNA. In these cultured cells, small pH variations of the culture medium (from 7.2 to 6.8) strikingly modify the alternative splicing pattern of the TN-C primary transcript. We report that malignantly transformed cells do not respond to extracellular pH variations as normal cells do. Indeed, malignantly transformed cells kept in culture media at pH values from 6.6 to 7.6 show no variations in the splicing pattern of the TN-C primary transcript and accumulate almost exclusively the large TN-C mRNA. These observations may explain the preferential accumulation in vivo of the large TN-C isoform in the extracellular matrix of different types of neoplasia.
A New Method for the Characterization of Organic Carbon in Aquatic Systems (1992)

Abstract Some problems in organic carbon characterization are briefly discussed. A new chromatographic multi-method for the direct characterization of organic matter in original waters with the simultaneous determination of UV-Vis, fluorescence, DOC, TIC, and organically bound nitrogen (DON) is described. Some applications with UV-Vis and DOC (“CODOC”) detection are presented.
Collaborative Ad Hoc Aerial Reconnaissance Platform (2013)

This paper describes the protocols surrounding a collaborative multi-node unmanned aerial system (UAS) for autonomous aerial reconnaissance. The system utilizes readily-available hardware and extends existing ad hoc communications techniques to provide a method of assembling a secure Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) to act as a framework for inter-node communications. The MANET framework facilitates the development of distributed software algorithms for coordinating dynamic, fault tolerant group navigation, allowing the nodes to arrange themselves autonomously into flight formations that provide nearly a three-fold greater range of coverage than that achieved by manual operation of individual aircraft.
Fe/Cu/Fe and Co/Cu/Co multilayers on Cu (1992)

The magnetooptical Kerr effect was used to search for evidence of the oscillatory antiferromagnetic (AF) coupling associated with the recently discovered giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) in Fe/Cu/Fe and Co/Cu/Co multilayers. The GMR effect was reported in samples grown by magnetron sputtering methods on Si wafers. In the present work the multilayers are grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) techniques on Cu
Aerosolized Prolastin Suppresses Bacterial Proliferation in a Model of Chronic <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Lung Infection (1999)

High levels of active neutrophil elastase (HNE) are present in the respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). We hypothesized that aerosolized Prolastin (alpha(1)-protease inhibitor or alpha(1)PI, purified from human blood) could suppress airway neutrophil inflammation and accelerate bacterial clearance from the lung in a model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection. Because human alpha(1)PI effectively inhibits rat as well as human neutrophil elastase (NE) activity in vitro, we choose to test this hypothesis using a rat agar bead model of chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. In this model, aerosolized Prolastin significantly decreased elastase activity (p < 0.01), lung neutrophil counts (p < 0.01), and bacterial colony counts (p < 0.01). Prolastin had no direct bactericidal effect on P. aeruginosa in vitro. Lung tissue histopathology revealed a marked decrease in lung inflammation in animals treated with Prolastin. These studies indicate that Prolastin can significantly decrease the elastase burden in the chronically infected lung. In addition, not only does Prolastin suppress lung inflammation, but it also markedly decreases P. aeruginosa density in a rat model of chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. These data suggest that aerosolized alpha(1)PI may represent a useful nonantibiotic adjunct in the treatment and control of infection and inflammation associated with CF lung disease.
A Convenient Synthesis of α-Substituted β,γ-Unsaturated Ketones and Esters via the Direct Addition of Substituted Allylic Zinc Reagents Prepared by Direct Insertion (2013)

A practical and convenient procedure for the synthesis of α-substituted β,γ-unsaturated ketones and esters has been developed. Substituted allylic zinc reagents, prepared via direct metal insertion in substituted allylic halides, react readily with a broad range of acid chlorides and chloroformates furnishing the corresponding α-substituted β,γ-unsaturated ketones and esters in high yield and perfect regioselectivity.
The dependence of ocean backscatter at K/sub u/-band on oceanic and atmospheric parameters (1997)

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory NUSCAT K/sub u/-band scatterometer successfully acquired ocean backscatter data over a wide variety of oceanic and atmospheric conditions during the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE). Ten flights resulted in 30 h of data collection were conducted on the NASA Ames C130 aircraft. The SWADE experimental area was deployed with several buoys providing appropriate in situ measurements to correlate with the radar backscatter for incidence angles from 10 to 60/spl deg/ at both horizontal and vertical polarizations. The NUSCAT-SWADE backscatter data base was utilized in conjunction with buoy measurements to investigate ocean backscatter signatures over the range of conditions encountered during SWADE. To account for modulations and fluctuations in incidence angles, a backscatter analysis independent of a priori geophysical model functions was developed, tested, and implemented. Results for backscatter azimuth modulations in terms of upwind, downwind, and crosswind radar returns are compared to airborne RADSCAT results and to SASS-I and II geophysical model functions versus neutral wind speed (U/sub N/). NUSCAT-SWADE results are closest overall to SASS-II values, fit best with SASS-I at 10/spl deg/ incidence angle, and are significantly higher than RADSCAT. Effects of friction velocity (u*), wave age (c/sub o//u*), and significant wave height (H/sub 1/3/) on ocean backscatter are studied. The backscatter shows a good positive sensitivity to u*, an inverse dependence on c/sub o//u*, and no systematic trend with H/sub 1/3/ excluding cases of large swells. Coefficients of empirical relations between backscatter and neutral wind speed, friction velocity, and wave age are derived for 10-40/spl deg/ incidence angles at both horizontal and vertical polarizations. Covariance studies of backscatter with the derived relations to winds show an overall deviation factor in the order of 1 dB for ocean signatures including uncertainties in surface conditions.
Value of graduated compression stockings in deep venous insufficiency. (1980)

The effect on elastic stockings on ambulatory venous pressure was investigated in 22 limbs with deep venous insufficiency. The failure of some elastic stockings to reduce the ambulatory venous pressure in some limbs is due to the lack of graduated compression, which is caused by ankle-calf disproportion--narrow ankles and wide calves. This can be recognised by using the pressure-girth profile and corrected by specially made stockings with increased tension at the ankle. A pressure-girth profile established for each stocking enabled the exact compression exerted by the stocking along the length of each limb to be determined. Elastic stockings exerting a graduated compression between ankle and calf induced a reduction in the ambulatory venous pressure in all but one limb. The greater the degree of graduated compression between ankle and calf exerted by the stocking, the greater the fall in ambulatory venous pressure. This may explain the beneficial effect of compression in limbs with venous ulceration.
Mapping of T cell epitopes of the major fraction of rye grass using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from atopics and non‐atopics. II. Isoallergen clone 5A of <i>Loliuum perenne</i> group I (<i>Lol p</i> I) (1994)

Rye grass is the major cause of hay fever which currently affects 20% of the population. Lolium perenne group I (Lol p I) is a glycoprotein of 240 amino acid residues, representing the main allergen of rye grass. We have used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from controls and subjects allergic to rye grass and cultured them with L. perenne extract (LPE) and Lol p I and measured lymphocyte activation using thymidine incorporation. Patients were further studied against the 115 overlapping peptides of the iso-allergen clone 5A of Lol p I to see whether the 4 amino acid residue differences between clone 1A and clone 5A affect the T cell epitope and thus, lymphocyte activation. There are 24 peptide differences between isoallergen clone 1A and clone 5A occurring in pools 4, 13, 16 and 19 each one of which could be an immunodominant epitope. The PBMC from all allergic patients studied showed a strong proliferative response to LPE and Lol p I. Five immunogenic peptide pools, pool 6, 15, 16, 17 and 19 of the isoallergen clone 5A were also identified. Most of these pools are in the C-terminal region of Lol p I. Out of 20 pools tested in vitro 1 pool (pool-17) induced PBMC proliferation in five out of six patients who were not restricted to an HLA class II DR gene product. However, three out of the six subjects responded to various other peptide pools in addition to the immunodominant pool. In spite of the amino acid differences between the two clones, pool 17 still remains the immunodominant T cell epitope. Control subjects showed only weak responses to LPE and no detectable response to either Lol p I or peptide pools. From within the most active pool we have defined two peptides of the isoallergen clone 5A (identical in sequence with clone 1A) which stimulate lymphocytes from rye grass-sensitive patients in vitro. Previous studies with the two continuous sequences (193WGAVWRIDTPDK204 and 195AVWRIDTPDKLT206) tested in vivo by intradermal skin testing have shown typical delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions after 24-48 h in one patient. Comparison of amino acid sequences of Lol p I, Lol p II and Lol p III proteins revealed a significant level of structural similarity among them. Interestingly, 50% of the residues of the second peptide sequence are also present in Lol p II and Lol p III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Towards Automatic Software Lineage Inference (2018)

Software lineage refers to the evolutionary relationship among a collection of software. The goal of software lineage inference is to recover the lineage given a set of program binaries. Software lineage can provide extremely useful information in many security scenarios such as malware triage and software vulnerability tracking. In this paper, we systematically study software lineage inference by exploring four fundamental questions not addressed by prior work. First, how do we automatically infer software lineage from program binaries? Second, how do we measure the quality of lineage inference algorithms? Third, how useful are existing approaches to binary similarity analysis for inferring lineage in reality, and how about in an idealized setting? Fourth, what are the limitations that any software lineage inference algorithm must cope with? Towards these goals we build ILINE, a system for automatic software lineage inference of program binaries, and also IEVAL, a system for scientific assessment of lineage quality. We evaluated ILINE on two types of lineage—straight line and directed acyclic graph—with large-scale real-world programs: 1,777 goodware spanning over a combined 110 years of development history and 114 malware with known lineage collected by the DARPA Cyber Genome program. We used IEVAL to study seven metrics to assess the diverse properties of lineage. Our results reveal that partial order mismatches and graph arc edit distance often yield the most meaningful comparisons in our experiments. Even without assuming any prior information about the data sets, ILINE proved to be effective in lineage inference—it achieves a mean accuracy of over 84% for goodware and over 72% for malware in our datasets.
Stereo vision and LIDAR based Dynamic Occupancy Grid mapping : Application to scenes analysis for Intelligent Vehicles (2013)

Les systèmes de perception, qui sont à la base du concept du véhicule intelligent, doivent répondre à des critères de performance à plusieurs niveaux afin d assurer des fonctions d aide à la conduite et/ou de conduite autonome. Aujourd hui, la majorité des systèmes de perception pour véhicules intelligents sont basés sur la combinaison de données issues de plusieurs capteurs (caméras, lidars, radars, etc.). Les travaux de cette thèse concernent le développement d un système de perception à base d un capteur de vision stéréoscopique et d un capteur lidar pour l analyse de scènes dynamiques en environnement urbain. Les travaux présentés sont divisés en quatre parties.La première partie présente une méthode d odométrie visuelle basée sur la stéréovision, avec une comparaison de différents détecteurs de primitives et différentes méthodes d association de ces primitives. Un couple de détecteur et de méthode d association de primitives a été sélectionné sur la base d évaluation de performances à base de plusieurs critères. Dans la deuxième partie, les objets en mouvement sont détectés et segmentés en utilisant les résultats d odométrie visuelle et l image U-disparité. Ensuite, des primitives spatiales sont extraites avec une méthode basée sur la technique KPCA et des classifieurs sont enfin entrainés pour reconnaitre les objets en mouvement (piétons, cyclistes, véhicules). La troisième partie est consacrée au calibrage extrinsèque d un capteur stéréoscopique et d un Lidar. La méthode de calibrage proposée, qui utilise une mire plane, est basée sur l exploitation d une relation géométrique entre les caméras du capteur stéréoscopique. Pour une meilleure robustesse, cette méthode intègre un modèle de bruit capteur et un processus d optimisation basé sur la distance de Mahalanobis. La dernière partie de cette thèse présente une méthode de construction d une grille d occupation dynamique en utilisant la reconstruction 3D de l environnement, obtenue des données de stéréovision et Lidar de manière séparée puis conjointement. Pour une meilleure précision, l angle entre le plan de la chaussée et le capteur stéréoscopique est estimé. Les résultats de détection et de reconnaissance (issus des première et deuxième parties) sont incorporés dans la grille d occupation pour lui associer des connaissances sémantiques. Toutes les méthodes présentées dans cette thèse sont testées et évaluées avec la simulation et avec de données réelles acquises avec la plateforme expérimentale véhicule intelligent SetCar du laboratoire IRTES-SET.
Synthesis and properties of carboxymethyl <i>Pueraria thomsonii</i> Benth. starch (2011)

Abstract As a source of starch, Pueraria thomsonii Benth. was selected to synthesize carboxymethyl starch (CMS) with monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in the presence of sodium hydroxide for the first time. The influence of the molar ratio of NaOH/AGU and MCA/AGU, reaction time, temperature, and water content of solvent on the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency were studied. IR spectrometry showed bands at 1609, 1420, and 1369 cm −1 due to –COO − symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibration when starch was successfully substituted. The SEM results displayed that the granules were agglomerate, and curly wrinkles appeared upon carboxymethylation. XRD revealed that the crystallinity reduced from 41.45 to 5.91%. Furthermore, the 13 C NMR spectra of the CMS showed a broad band at d = 178.85 ppm, which was assigned to the –CO carbon (C‐8) of the carboxymethyl group.
Structural basis for the acidity of sulfonamides. Crystal structures of dibenzenesulfonamide and its sodium salt (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructural basis for the acidity of sulfonamides. Crystal structures of dibenzenesulfonamide and its sodium saltF. Albert. Cotton and P. F. StokelyCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 2, 294–302Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00705a012Request reuse permissionsArticle Views910Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Anticancer Ether Lipids That Are Specifically Released by Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>in Tumor Tissue (2005)

The clinical use of anticancer lipids is severely limited by their ability to cause lysis of red blood cells prohibiting intravenous injection. Novel delivery systems are therefore required in order to develop anticancer ether lipids (AELs) into clinically useful anticancer drugs. In a recent article (J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 1694) we showed that it is possible to construct liposome systems composed of masked AELs that are activated by secretory phospholipase A2 in cancerous tissue. We present here the synthesis of six AELs and evaluate the biological activity of these bioactive lipids. The synthesized AEL 1-6 were tested against three different cancer cell lines. It was found that the stereochemistry of the glycerol headgroup in AEL-2 and 3 has a dramatic effect on the cytotoxicity of the lipids. AEL 1-4 were furthermore evaluated for their ability to prevent phosphorylation of the apoptosis regulating kinase Akt, and a correlation was found between their cytotoxic activity and their ability to inhibit Akt phosphorylation.
Research on Key Node of Wireless Sensor Network Based on Degree-degree Correlations (2011)

In this paper, the problem of key nodes was discussed based on the degree-degree correlations of wireless sensor networks. The fault model of sub-network was expressed in the form of a set at first; subsequently, the concept of key nodes was proposed; finally, based on the concept of degree-degree correlations of complex network theory, both bridge-type key nodes and key node of degree correlation in fault model were defined, and their quantitative determination and analysis were proposed.
Network management and control mechanisms to prevent maliciously induced network instability (2003)

Large networks relying on real-time processing can be driven into unstable modes of operation (e.g., routing system failures, routing flaps, congestion and deadlock scenarios, system crash chain reactions, etc.). In the past, unintentional system faults have led to frame relay networks, SS7 signaling networks, and PSTNs going into unstable modes that have led to major service disruptions. A serious concern is that a malicious party could induce similar instabilities. The vulnerability of a network to instabilities may be due to unrecognized design flaws or hidden software bugs. Since these details are not known in advance, effective control mechanisms tailored to the specifics of the vulnerability are virtually impossible to achieve. However, it is our contention that there are a limited number of "generic propagation mechanisms" that enable these network instabilities to occur. By enumerating these propagation mechanisms and designing network management and control mechanisms to mitigate them, it would be possible to stabilize networks against malicious attack even when the details of the network vulnerability being exploited are unknown. We focus on a single example of a generic propagation mechanism that can occur in IP and ATM networks using link state routing protocols. The propagation mechanism is overload propagation in the control plane caused by excessive route updates. Network management and control mechanisms for mitigating this propagation mechanism are developed and validated through simulation of both the control and data planes.
[Transcatheteral embolization with polyvinyl alcohol--technic and experimental studies]. (1983)

The article presents hardened polyvinyl alcohol foam (PVA) as embolisation material. PVA is well tolerated by the tissue and produces permanent vascular sealing. It is possible to achieve peripheral embolisation of arteries having a diameter of approx. 100 microns, as well as sealing of vessels with diameter of up to 8 mm. Pressed PVA is used for occluding larger vessels. This PVA re-assumes its original shape and dimensions in liquids, depending on their osmolarity and molecular size. Depending upon the pressure exercised, compression and re-expansion can be fourfold to tenfold.
Improving automata efficiency by stretching and jamming (2010)

In recent years, the range of alphabet sizes typically used in applications of finite automata has grown considerably, now ranging from DNA alphabets—whose symbols are representable using 2 bits—to Unicode alphabets—whose symbol representation may take up to 32 bits. As automata traditionally use symbol encodings taking 8 bits, the different alphabet and symbol sizes bring up the question whether they may be exploited to either decrease memory use for the automata’s transition tables or to decrease string processing time. In [3], stretching and jamming were introduced as transformations on finite automata. Given a finite automaton, we can stretch it by splitting each single transition into two or more sequential transitions, thereby introducing additional intermediate states. Jamming is the inverse transformation, in which two or more successive transitions are joined into a single transition, thereby removing redundant intermediate states. In this paper, we only consider a restricted form of stretching and jamming, in which a fixed factor is used to stretch (jam) transitions (transition paths) in a given automaton, and in which transition symbols are assumed to be encoded as bit strings. We consider improved versions of the algorithms that were presented in [3] for this particular form of stretching and jamming. The algorithms were implemented in c++ and used to benchmark the transformations. The results of this benchmarking indicate that, under certain conditions, stretching may be beneficial to memory use to the detriment of processing time, while jamming may be beneficial to processing time to the detriment of memory use. The latter seems potentially useful in the case of DNA processing, while the former may be for Unicode processing. Keywords: finite automata; transformation; split transition; join transition; transition table size; string processing time
The Electronic Library Manager's Guide to Virtual Reality (1991)

How often do you have fantasies in your mind? How often do you have vivid dreams of being the heroine tied to a railway track with the 01:34 express bearing down, desperately hoping that Superman will show up? Or of being James Bond with Bo Derek as your leading lady? How often have you identified with Calvin? Or even Hobbes? Did you know that apparently you can manipulate your dreams to make them more interactive? Instead of the dream events just unfolding before you, you can change the course of your activities within them — make things happen in a different way.