gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Accurate delay models for digital BiCMOS (1992)

A detailed transient analysis of the MOSFET-BJT combination prevalent in digital BiCMOS gates is presented. The analysis accounts for high-level injection leading to BJT beta roll-off, base pushout leading to BJT f/sub T/ roll-off, short-channel behavior of the MOS drain current, and parasitic capacitances at the base and output. Based on the transient analysis, a piecewise delay expression is derived that shows excellent agreement with measured gate delay and with SPICE simulated delay. The comparisons are made for a wide range of circuit parameters in the gate, namely, MOSFET/BJT size, load capacitance, and supply voltage for both 1- and 0.6- mu m BiCMOS technologies. The model is used to optimally size gates, and to determine circuit and device design guidelines to minimize the delay degradation at reduced supply.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pathfinding and target selection by developing geniculocortical axons (1992)

During development of the mammalian cerebral cortex, thalamic axons must grow into the telencephalon and select appropriate cortical targets. In order to begin to understand the cellular interactions that are important in cortical target selection by thalamic axons, we have examined the morphology of axons from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) as they navigate their way to the primary visual cortex. The morphology of geniculocortical axons was revealed by placing the lipophilic tracer Dil into the LGN of paraformaldehyde-fixed brains from fetal and neonatal cats between embryonic day 26 (E26; gestation is 65 d) and postnatal day 7 (P7). This morphological approach has led to three major observations. (1) As LGN axons grow within the intermediate zone of the telencephalon toward future visual cortex (E30-40), many give off distinct interstitial axon collaterals that penetrate the subplate of nonvisual cortical areas. These collaterals are transient and are not seen postnatally. (2) There is a prolonged period during which LGN axons are restricted to the visual subplate prior to their ingrowth into the cortical plate; the first LGN axons arrive within visual subplate by E36 but are not detected in layer 6 of visual cortex until about E50. (3) Within the visual subplate, LGN axons extend widespread terminal branches. This represents a marked change in their morphology from the simple growth cones present earlier as LGN axons navigate en route to visual cortex. The presence of interstitial collaterals suggests that there may be ongoing interactions between LGN axons and subplate neurons along the entire intracortical route traversed by the axons. From the extensive branching of LGN axons within the visual subplate during the waiting period, it appears that they are not simply "waiting." Rather, LGN axons may participate in dynamic cellular interactions within the subplate long before they contact their ultimate target neurons in layer 4. These observations confirm the existence of a prolonged waiting period in the development of thalamocortical connections and provide important morphological evidence in support of the previous suggestion that interactions between thalamic axons and subplate neurons are necessary for cortical target selection.
Infrared spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen-containing impurities in silicon tetrachloride (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTInfrared spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen-containing impurities in silicon tetrachlorideThomas Y. Kometani, Darwin L. Wood, and Joseph P. LuongoCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 8, 1089–1093Publication Date (Print):April 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 April 1987https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00135a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (643 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Autolytic activity and pediocin-induced lysis in Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcus pentosaceus strains (2003)

The characterization of the autolytic phenotype of Pediococcus acidilactici and P. pentosaceus strains should expand the knowledge of their role in fermentation processes where these species occur as primary or secondary bacterial population.
Specificity of antibodies to type II collagen in early rheumatoid arthritis. (1994)

The presence of an established and persisting IgG antibody response to type II collagen in early RA before cartilage destruction is evident points to a subset of RA, perhaps equivalent to the collagen induced model in animals, in which this immune response is intrinsic to pathogenesis.
Significant relationships: planning for effective research supervision (1999)

Research supervision relationships should be comfortable and beneficial for both supervisor and supervisee, maintains Alun Jones.
Symbiotic Planning: Cognitive-Level Collaboration Between Users and Automated Planners (2009)

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder associated with arterial/venous thrombosis and pregnancy loss; thrombocytopenia is another common manifestation of APS. In the present study, we discovered a transient ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (EDTA-PTCP) phenomenon in APS, which has not yet been reported in the literature.
Robust Quantum Gates for a Singlet-Triplet Spin Qubit (2012)

We show that universal quantum control of a two-electron singlet-triplet spin qubit can be achieved using Landau-Zener-St\uckelberg interferometry. Going beyond normal Landau-Zener dynamics with infinitely long constant velocity sweeps across an energy level anti-crossing, we focus on a physical system consisting of a two-electron double quantum dot, where the spin states can be admixtures of charge states and the level velocity can be tuned in a time-dependent fashion. Our results indicate that charge coherence must be treated on an equal footing with spin coherence. In particular, we predict the presence of finite-time effects, which result in population transfer even in cases of an incomplete sweep through the anti-crossing. The competing requirements of adiabaticity and coherence are reconciled using specially designed pulses with a tunable level velocity. As a relevant example, we demonstrate that a Hadamard gate can be implemented for a realistic set of conditions in a GaAs double quantum dot device.
Implementations and Implications of Foveated Vision (2009)

Humans are equipped with “space-variant” vision, i.e. a concentration of photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells and other visual resources at the central fovea, and a sparser coverage of other regions within a wide 180 degree field of view. If the entire visual field was equipped with foveal ganglion cell resolution, then the brain would have to cope with approximately 350 times more visual information. We will review the relatively small number of existing hardware implementations and patents involving space variant vision. Space-variant vision is challenging to implement, because it comes along with distorted image representations, complicating standard geometry-based processing. Recent learning algorithms for feature detection and transformations are more flexible and may cope with foveated images. Foveated vision requires an active vision system: ballistic eye-movements termed “saccades” frequently move the fovea to points of interest in the visual field. The metric of saccades is adjustable, and the resolution increase at the fovea may play a role in supplying the feedback to the system. Furthermore, saccades are related to visual space perception and embodied vision. Keywords: Retina, space variant vision, camera, machine learning
A channel allocation algorithm for Citizens Broadband Radio Service/Spectrum Access System (2017)

Recently, the Federal Communications Commission has proposed to create Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) with the three-tier spectrum sharing system to release more spectrum for the mobile broadband usage in the United States. At the moment, the Wireless Innovation Forum is involved in defining the operational and functional requirements for this framework based on [1], and also in standardizations. Evidently, the successful operation of this system depends on efficient channel allocation algorithms. In this paper, we consider the CBRS with the three-tier spectrum sharing system. A set of CBRS users, i.e., Priority Access License (PAL) and General Authorized Access (GAA) users are located in an area, which is divided into multiple census tracts. The PAL and GAA users request frequency channels from the spectrum access system (SAS). The role of the SAS is to allocate channels to these two types of users while providing interference protection to the incumbent users. For this setup, we consider the problem of channel allocation for PAL and GAA users. The objective is to allocate channels for these two types of users, while considering the channel allocation rules proposed in [1]. For this problem, we propose a channel allocation algorithm to be used by the SAS. The proposed algorithm allocates channels to the CBRS users in two steps: 1) allocate channels to the PAL users and 2) allocate channel to the GAA users. Numerically, we show that the proposed algorithm is able to allocate channels while satisfying the rules proposed in [1]. More importantly, this research provides new insights on investigating channel allocation algorithms in CBRS/SAS.
Mtrace Version 2: Traceroute Facility for IP Multicast (2018)

This document describes the IP multicast traceroute facility, named
Mtrace version 2 (Mtrace2). Unlike unicast traceroute, Mtrace2
requires special implementations on the part of routers. This
specification describes the required functionality in multicast
routers, as well as how an Mtrace2 client invokes a query and receives
a reply.
Magnetically tunable superconductor filters using yttrium iron garnet films (1995)

Magnetically tunable superconducting single-resonator filters using YIG films have been demonstrated experimentally. Tunability of 400 MHz at a center frequency of 6 GHz was achieved for a half wavelength microstrip comprising a YIG-YBCO-MgO composite structure. The reason why the quality factor of the filter is relatively low is possibly due to an increase of the magnetic linewidth /spl Delta/H at liquid nitrogen temperature. The theory on dispersion relation of the filter is also presented.
Gain of high-intensity pulse-pumped GaP-AlGaP waveguide Raman amplifier (1999)

The gain measurement of a semiconductor Raman amplifier with a GaP-AlGap waveguide structure pumped by a high-intensity pulse source has been measured for use as a basis for the time gate amplification of light. A gain of 10dB has been obtained for a 5mm long waveguide with a back reflector. The gain measurement has also been performed for a waveguide which has both faces antireflection coated. From this measurement, it is confirmed that the gain is principally from backward scattering rather than from forward scattering. It is shown that the dominance of backward scattering limits the minimum gate time for the time gate amplification of light.
Oxygenation of Hexadecane in the Biosynthesis of Cyclic Glycolipids in<i>Torulopsis Apicola</i> (1992)

AbstractBiotransformation of [1-13C] labelled hexadecane, hexadecanol and hexadecanoic acid have been investigated using the yeast Torulopsis apicola. The yeast produces a microcrystalline mixture of two glycolipids, the lipophilic moiety of which consists of ω- or (ω-l)-hydroxylated hexadecanoic acid. Biosynthesis of these glycolipids takes place via hydroxylation of hexadecane, oxidation to hexadecanoic acid and ω or (ω-l)-hydroxylation of hexadecanoic acid. Feeding the cell cultures with a mixture of hexadecane and [1-13C] labelled hexadecane derivatives one observes 13C enrichment ratios which indicate that neither of the biohydroxylation or oxidation steps are rate limiting in the formation of the glycolipids, furthermore, two different monooxygenase systems appear to be involved in hydroxylation of hexadecane and hexadecanoic acid.Key Words: Biosynthesis[13C] labelled compoundsglycolipidsyeastTorulopsis (syn. Candida)
Research progress on siRNA delivery with nonviral carriers (2011)

RNA interference is a powerful method for the knockdown of pathologically relevant genes. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been widely demonstrated as effective biomedical genetic-therapy applications for many diseases. Unfortunately, siRNA duplexes are not ideal drug-like molecules. Problems hindering their effective application fundamentally lie in their delivery, stability, and off-target effects. Delivery systems provide solutions to many of the challenges facing siRNA therapeutics. Due to some fatal disadvantages of viral vectors, nonviral carriers have been studied extensively. Aside from liposomes, nanoparticles and cationic polymer carriers have exhibited improved in vivo stability, better biocompatibility, and efficiency for gene silencing with less cellular toxicity. They may represent a promising strategy for siRNA-based therapies, especially as nanomaterials. The present review also summarizes other methods of siRNA delivery and the side effects of the nanoparticles.
Simultaneous temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution of laser scatter from parametric plasma instabilities (1995)

A spatially discriminating optical streaked spectrograph is employed as a plasma diagnostic on the Nova laser. The instrument, which makes use of a spectrometer coupled to a streak camera with CCD readout, observes a small region of Nova target plasmas with a Cassegrain telescope. It yields simultaneous temporal and spectral information about emission and scattered light from the small plasma region.
Metabolomics of temperature stress (2007)

Plants possess inducible tolerance mechanisms that extend the temperature range for survival during acute temperature stress. The inducible mechanisms of cold acclimation and acquired thermotolerance involve highly complex processes. These include perception and signal transduction of non-optimal temperatures or their physical consequences on cellular components that program extensive modification of the transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and composition and physical structure of the cytoplasm, membranes and cell walls. Therefore, a systems biology approach will be necessary to advance the understanding of plant stress responses and tolerance mechanisms. One promise of systems biology is that it will greatly enhance our understanding of individual and collective functions and thereby provide a more holistic view of plant stress responses. Past studies have found that several metabolites that could functionally contribute to induced stress tolerance have been associated with stress responses. Recent metabolite-profiling studies have refocused attention on these and other potentially important components found in the 'temperature-stress metabolome'. These metabolomic studies have demonstrated that active reconfiguration of the metabolome is regulated in part by changes in gene expression initiated by temperature-stress-activated signaling and stress-related transcription factors. One aspect of metabolism that is consistent across all of the temperature-stress metabolomic studies to date is the prominent role of central carbohydrate metabolism, which seems to be a major feature of the reprogramming of the metabolome during temperature stress. Future metabolomic studies of plant temperature-stress responses should reveal additional metabolic pathways that have important functions in temperature-stress tolerance mechanisms.
Evolved orthogonal ribosome purification for in vitro characterization (2010)

We developed orthogonal ribosome-mRNA pairs in which the orthogonal ribosome (O-ribosome) specifically translates the orthogonal mRNA and the orthogonal mRNA is not a substrate for cellular ribosomes. O-ribosomes have been used to create new cellular circuits to control gene expression in new ways, they have been used to provide new information about the ribosome, and they form a crucial part of foundational technologies for genetic code expansion and encoded and evolvable polymer synthesis in cells. The production of O-ribosomes in the cell makes it challenging to study the properties of O-ribosomes in vitro, because no method exists to purify functional O-ribosomes from cellular ribosomes and other cellular components. Here we present a method for the affinity purification of O-ribosomes, via tagging of the orthogonal 16S ribosomal RNA. We demonstrate that the purified O-ribosomes are pure by primer extension assays, and structurally homogenous by gel electrophoresis and sucrose gradients. We demonstrate the utility of this purification method by providing a preliminary in vitro characterization of Ribo-X, an O-ribosome previously evolved for enhanced unnatural amino acid incorporation in response to amber codons. Our data suggest that the basis of Ribo-X's in vivo activity is a decreased affinity for RF1.
Spin Dynamics in a Heusler Alloy Pd<sub>2</sub>MnSn (1976)

Temperature dependences of spin wave energies, the integrated intensity of neutron scattering, as well as the magnetization of a single crystal of Pd 2 MnSn have been measured. The results have been found to be well interpreted in terms of the spin wave theory including magnon-magnon interactions developed for the Heisenberg system. Neutron paramagnetic scattering from the same crystal has also been measured at 300 and 1000 K. The second moment determined from the energy spectra of Gaussian shape is in good agreement with that calculated using the exchange parameters determined by spin wave measurement at 50 K. These results indicate that the Heusler alloy is a typical Heisenberg system with long range interactions.
Construction and use of a versatile set of broad-host-range cloning and expression vectors based on the RK2 replicon (1997)

The plasmid vectors described in this report are derived from the broad-host-range RK2 replicon and can be maintained in many gram-negative bacterial species. The complete nucleotide sequences of all of the cloning and expression vectors are known. Important characteristics of the cloning vectors are as follows: a size range of 4.8 to 7.1 kb, unique cloning sites, different antibiotic resistance markers for selection of plasmid-containing cells, oriT-mediated conjugative plasmid transfer, plasmid stabilization functions, and a means for a simple method for modification of plasmid copy number. Expression vectors were constructed by insertion of the inducible Pu or Pm promoter together with its regulatory gene xylR or xylS, respectively, from the TOL plasmid of Pseudomonas putida. One of these vectors was used in an analysis of the correlation between phosphoglucomutase activity and amylose accumulation in Escherichia coli. The experiments showed that amylose synthesis was only marginally affected by the level of basal expression from the Pm promoter of the Acetobacter xylinum phosphoglucomutase gene (celB). In contrast, amylose accumulation was strongly reduced when transcription from Pm was induced. CelB was also expressed with a very high induction ratio in Xanthomonas campestris. These experiments showed that the A. xylinum celB gene could not complement the role of the bifunctional X. campestris phosphoglucomutase-phosphomannomutase gene in xanthan biosynthesis. We believe that the vectors described here are useful for cloning experiments, gene expression, and physiological studies with a wide range of bacteria and presumably also for analysis of gene transfer in the environment.
Real-time, GPU-based pose estimation of a UAV for autonomous takeoff and landing (2016)

This paper proposes a real-time system for pose estimation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) using parallel image processing of a known marker. The system exploits the capabilities of a high-performance CPU/GPU embedded system in order to provide on-board high-frequency pose estimation, eliminating the need for transmitting the video stream off-board, and enabling autonomous takeoff and landing. The system is evaluated extensively with lab and field tests on board a small quadrotor. The results show that the proposed system is able to provide precise pose estimation with a framerate of at least 30 fps and an image resolution of 640×480 pixels. The use of the GPU for image filtering and marker detection provides an upper bound on the required computation time regardless of the complexity of the image thereby allowing for robust marker detection even in cluttered environments.
14β‐Hydroxyprogesterone binds to the digitalis receptor, inhibits the sodium pump and enhances cardiac contractility (1988)

1. Certain derivatives of progesterone are potent inhibitors of high affinity, specific binding of 3H-cardiac glycosides. The steroids interact at the cardiac glycoside site on Na,K-ATPase and inhibit the enzyme (the sodium pump) in cardiac and other tissues. However, the active congeners identified previously have been, unlike the cardiac glycosides, predominantly cardiodepressant. 2. Because a 14 beta-hydroxy substituent is an important determinant of activity of the cardiotonic cardiac glycosides, we synthesized 14 beta-hydroxyprogesterone. This derivative has about one-tenth the potency of the aglycone, ouabagenin, in a [3H]-ouabain binding assay. 3. Like ouabagenin, but in contrast to the cardiodepressant congeners of progesterone, 14 beta-hydroxyprogesterone consistently elicited positive inotropy in isolated cardiac muscle and enhanced both the magnitude and frequency of fluctuations in scattered light (an index of oscillatory intracellular release of calcium). 4. Thus, at least one hydroxylated derivative (and putative endogenous metabolite) of progesterone, mimics the cardiac effects of cardiac glycosides including enhanced contractility.
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry: analysis of pediatric fat estimate errors due to tissue hydration effects (2000)

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) percent (%) fat estimates may be inaccurate in young children, who typically have high tissue hydration levels. This study was designed to provide a comprehensive analysis of pediatric tissue hydration effects on DXA %fat estimates. Phase 1 was experimental and included three in vitro studies to establish the physical basis of DXA %fat-estimation models. Phase 2 extended phase 1 models and consisted of theoretical calculations to estimate the %fat errors emanating from previously reported pediatric hydration effects. Phase 1 experiments supported the two-compartment DXA soft tissue model and established that pixel ratio of low to high energy (R values) are a predictable function of tissue elemental content. In phase 2, modeling of reference body composition values from birth to age 120 mo revealed that %fat errors will arise if a "constant" adult lean soft tissue R value is applied to the pediatric population; the maximum %fat error, approximately 0.8%, would be present at birth. High tissue hydration, as observed in infants and young children, leads to errors in DXA %fat estimates. The magnitude of these errors based on theoretical calculations is small and may not be of clinical or research significance.