gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Deep trench isolation effect on self-heating and RF performances of SiGeC HBTs (2005)

This paper focuses on the effect of deep trench isolation (DTI) on self-heating and electrical performances of state-of-the-art SiGeC heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs). The influence of DTI on the heat dissipation and on the thermal resistance of HBTs is studied both with electrical measurements and simulations. The results show that the DTI has a significant influence on heat dissipation and on the thermal resistance values but only little impact on RF performances.
Relative usefulness of measuring polyamines in serum, plasma, and urine as biochemical markers of cancer. (1975)

Serial samples of plasma and serum were collected in the morning and afternoon from cancer patients, along with 24-h urine specimens. Values for serum and plasma samples taken at the same time from the same patient differed little, suggesting that either procedure is acceptable for polyamine analysis. Increases in concentrations of putrescine and spermidine in serum and plasma correlate well with such increases in 24-h urine samples. Spermidine concentrations in sera were consistently about 10-fold lower than corresponding urine values. Putrescine concentrations were 10- to 100-fold different. The variation in putrescine values may be due to its more active metabolism by diamine oxidase, an enzyme known to be present in serum. Concentrations of polyamines in serum and urine increased in response to effective chemotherapy.
Cancer Survivors in the United States: A Review of the Literature and a Call to Action (2012)

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer will lead to more survivors and better quality of life. However, tools to recognize potentially serious long-lasting side effects of cancer therapy earlier in order to treat and/or prevent them must be developed. It is incumbent upon our health care delivery systems to make meeting these patients' needs a priority.
Long-term, controlled release of the HIV microbicide TMC120 from silicone elastomer vaginal rings (2005)

Continuous and prolonged zero-order release of TMC120 from a silicone vaginal ring device at quantities predicted to prevent HIV infection was observed.
Yttrium Bearing Silicon Carbide Matrices for Robust Ceramic Composites (2012)

Application of SiC ‐based ceramic matrix composites ( CMC s) in combustion environments demands the use of an environmental barrier coating ( EBC ) to prevent volatilization of the protective SiO 2 scale in flowing water vapor. The EBC only provides protection while present on the surface; cracking and spallation of the coating leaves the underlying SiC vulnerable to the oxidation–volatilization processes. A robust matrix material chemically tailored to regrow a yttrium silicate scale in the event of EBC loss has been developed by incorporating yttrium bearing species including YB 2 , Y 2 O 3 , and Y 5 Si 3 into the SiC . During oxidation a borosilicate glass helps seal cracks while Y 2 O 3 and SiO 2 react to form Y 2 Si 2 O 7 for environmental protection. Candidate compositions were oxidized for 10 min to 100 h at 1400°C and for 24 h at 1500°C to understand the scale growth. The prospects for effectively applying this approach in CMC s are discussed.
RF-Pilot Based Frequency Offset Estimationand Phase Noise Compensation for CO-OFDMSystems (2014)

One of the most severe impairments that affect coherent optical systems employing high-order modulation formats is phase noise due to transmit and receive lasers. The vulnerable sensitivity to laser linewidth induced inter-carrier interference (ICI) has long been recognized as a major problem to coherent optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) systems. Among the existing phase noise compensation algorithms, the RF-pilot aided phase recovery (RAPR) method shows a better compensation capability to laser linewidth. However, RAPR may fail to extract the pre-inserted RF-pilot at the receiver due to the influence of carrier frequency offset (CFO). An effective frequency offset estimation (FOE) is thus required to implement before performing RAPR. In consideration of the fact that the conventional FOE algorithm not only has high computational complexity, but more importantly cannot work in coordination with RAPR, a new RF-pilot aided frequency offset estimation (RAFOE) algorithm is proposed, in which CFO can be easily estimated by searching the peak of spectral samples. Furthermore, in order to obtain the optimum compensation performance with lower computing cost at combining RAFOE and RAPR, a joint frequency offset and phase noise compensation scheme is also performed in this paper.
Effect of n-butyrate on superinfection of Raji lymphoblastoid cell line by Epstein-Barr virus. (1985)

The effect of n-butyrate on superinfectability of virus-nonproducer Raji cells by the P3HR-1 strain of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was investigated. n-Butyrate is known to be a potent inducer of virus antigen synthesis in virus-producer cell lines and of cell differentiation in virus nonproducers. The drug inhibited the growth of Raji cells but did not interfere markedly with cell viability. It induced a low rate of early antigen (EA) synthesis in about 1-2% of noninfected Raji cells. While the number of superinfectable cells remained relatively constant after treatment with butyrate, an increase in antigen positivity was noted in untreated cells. This relative decrease in sensitivity to superinfection in butyrate-treated Raji cells was more pronounced in cultures that had been treated with the drug for 48 or 72 hr as compared to those treated for 24 hr. A blocking of the treated cells in the certain cell-cycle phase and their drug-induced differentiation towards plasma cells might have been involved in the phenomenon described.
Membranous nephropathy and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treated with rituximab (2009)

A 43-year-old black male was brought to hospital with complaints of confusion and fever. He was noted to have petechial lesions, thrombocytopenia (platelet count 7,200/ml), schistocytes on peripheral smear, and serum creatinine 1.7 mg/dl (150.28 micromol/L). He was diagnosed to have thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and started on high dose IV steroids and plasmapheresis. Attempts at steroid withdrawal following plasmapheresis were unsuccessful as his platelet count started to decrease. He subsequently was started on rituximab given as 4 weekly infusions. The platelet count normalized after 2 doses of rituximab. A kidney biopsy performed to evaluate proteinuria (10.24 gms/24 hr) revealed membranous nephropathy (MN), with organized obliterative arteriopathy consistent with thrombotic microangiopathy. Upon completion of the treatment, proteinuria decreased to 1.67 gm/24hr. Recent studies indicate that patients with TTP have an inhibitory (auto) antibody to von Willibrand factor cleaving protease (ADAMTS 13). Considerable evidence also exists that idiopathic membranous nephropathy is an autoimmune disease. Rituximab, a monoclonal chimeric antibody directed against CD20 antigen present on B cells, selectively depletes B cells and has been used with success in both diseases. Though evidence for a direct pathogenetic relationship between TTP and MN is lacking, the two entities are more likely related to autoantibodies induced by activation of B cells. For our patient with this rare disease combination rituximab therapy was one treatment solution to two diseases.
Anatomical Reconstruction of the Medial Collateral Ligament and Posteromedial Corner of the Knee in Patients With Chronic Medial Collateral Ligament Instability (2009)

Acceptable clinical results with the MCL reconstruction technique were achieved in patients suffering from chronic valgus instability.
Pallidal versus Subthalamic Deep-Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease (2010)

Patients with Parkinson's disease had similar improvement in motor function after either pallidal or subthalamic stimulation. Nonmotor factors may reasonably be included in the selection of surgical target for deep-brain stimulation. (ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00056563 and NCT01076452.)
A wearable networked MP3 player and "turntable" for collaborative scratching (2004)

We present a new type of wearable musical instrumentcalled the DJammer. The DJammer brings turntable likecreative functionality to the MP3 world while offering acollaborative platform for sharing the creative processover the network. It not only provides a new tool to DJsbut also empowers each listener to a new type ofcommunity experience by giving them the ability toactively participate in any jam session. In essence, theDJammer changes the 1-to-n creative process to a trulyn-to-n collaborative experience. This paper describes thetechnologies incorporated into the DJammer, anddiscusses the implementation of the prototype DJammer.Usage models and future enhancements are alsodescribed.
Optimal link scheduling in millimeter wave multi-hop networks with space division multiple access (2016)

In this paper, we introduce a model for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) into the analysis of a multi-hop millimeter wave network under the classic Network Utility Maximization (NUM) framework with Maximum Back Pressure scheduling (MBP). We show that the proof of convergence of MBP remains valid when we allow the scheduler to select multiple links to the same receiver in the same frame. Conventional MBP with a single link per receiver is traditionally implemented using the Maximum Weighted Matching (MWM) algorithm over the network graph. Under our modification, the problem becomes a Maximum Weighted Partition of the graph. Message Passing (MP) algorithms are efficient and have been successfully applied to graph partitioning problems in the past, so we use one to approximate the optimal MBP scheduling. Through simulation over a randomized mmWave picocell, we compare the MWM reference without SDMA, the efficient MP approximation, and the exact optimal MBP scheduler with SDMA (obtained by brute force). Simulations show that by leveraging SDMA in multi-hop mmWave network scheduling, a 50% capacity increase is obtained on average.
Example Based 3D Reconstruction from Single 2D Images (2006)

We present a novel solution to the problem of depth reconstruction from a single image. Single view 3D reconstruction is an ill-posed problem. We address this problem by using an example-based synthesis approach. Our method uses a database of objects from a single class (e.g. hands, human figures) containing example patches of feasible mappings from the appearance to the depth of each object. Given an image of a novel object, we combine the known depths of patches from similar objects to produce a plausible depth estimate. This is achieved by optimizing a global target function representing the likelihood of the candidate depth. We demonstrate how the variability of 3D shapes and their poses can be handled by updating the example database on-the-fly. In addition, we show how we can employ our method for the novel task of recovering an estimate for the occluded backside of the imaged objects. Finally, we present results on a variety of object classes and a range of imaging conditions.
A Minority Group (2014)

Communication methods have improved drastically in recent decades, enabling minority groups to share ideas and information, and facilitating important networks for such groups. Past research into minority groups and language has focused on the way that language use can highlight different connotations of particular terms. This leads to consideration of the issue of how terminology can reflect the perceptions of people with Autism and Aspergers Syndrome along with associated conditions. The focus of this research is how terminology is understood and used differently by the autistic community and those outside it. Words and phrases considered are: Autism and Aspergers Syndrome together with the associated terms Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Autistic Quotient, Autie, Aspie, Neurotypical, Neurodiversity, Curebie and Idiot Savant. The conclusions of this research were reached as a result of an online questionnaire. It is found that the autistic community coins terms to describe both those within and outside the community, whereas the mainstream community create words to refer only to those in the minority. Furthermore, terms coined within the autistic community are often unheard of outside their membership group. These conclusions reflect the varying recognition of relevant terminology displayed by the different groups of respondents. Results also indicate that the expression Idiot Savant, which was once an accepted medical term, has undergone a degree of semantic change following social developments, resulting in it now being used pejoratively within the media. Finally, connotations of the various terms also reflect different perceptions within the groups concerned, providing evidence of variances in attitude towards people with ASDs. In the case of connotations for Aspergers Syndrome and Autism results confirm considerable confusion related to diagnostic criteria
Statistics of the Quantization Noise in 1-Bit Dithered Single-Quantizer Digital Delta&ndash;Sigma Modulators (2007)

An analysis of the quantization noise introduced by a widely-used class of single-quantizer digital delta-sigma (DeltaSigma) modulators with low-level, 1-bit dither is presented. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived that ensure, in an asymptotic sense, various ensemble statistical properties of the quantization noise such as uniformity and independence from the input and delayed versions of itself. The conditions are also shown to be sufficient for a single realization of the quantization noise sequence to possess these properties in a time-averaged sense. Several of the most commonly-used digital DeltaSigma modulators are shown to satisfy the conditions
Whole-genome fetal and maternal DNA methylation analysis using MeDIP-NGS for the identification of differentially methylated regions (2016)

DNA methylation is an epigenetic marker that has been shown to vary significantly across different tissues. Taking advantage of the methylation differences between placenta-derived cell-free DNA and maternal blood, several groups employed different approaches for the discovery of fetal-specific biomarkers. The aim of this study was to analyse whole-genome fetal and maternal methylomes in order to identify and confirm the presence of differentially methylated regions (DMRs). We have initially utilized methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify genome-wide DMRs between chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and female non-pregnant plasma (PL) and peripheral blood (WBF) samples. Next, using specific criteria, 331 fetal-specific DMRs were selected and confirmed in eight CVS, eight WBF and eight PL samples by combining MeDIP and in-solution targeted enrichment followed by NGS. Results showed higher enrichment in CVS samples as compared to both WBF and PL samples, confirming the distinct methylation levels between fetal and maternal DNA for the selected DMRs. We have successfully implemented a novel approach for the discovery and confirmation of a significant number of fetal-specific DMRs by combining for the first time MeDIP and in-solution targeted enrichment followed by NGS. The implementation of this double-enrichment approach is highly efficient and enables the detailed analysis of multiple DMRs by targeted NGS. Also, this is, to our knowledge, the first reported application of MeDIP on plasma samples, which leverages the implementation of our enrichment methodology in the detection of fetal abnormalities in maternal plasma.
A low-power Reed-Solomon decoder for STM-16 optical communications (2003)

In this paper, a low-power Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder for STM-16 optical communications is presented. It mainly contains one (255,239) RS decoder and four 2 K-bit embedded memory for correcting the received codewords. Except the novel syndrome calculator reducing half the syndrome computations, our proposal also features a modified Berlekamp-Massey algorithm in the key equation solver and a terminated mechanism in the Chien search circuit. The (255,239) RS decoder is implemented by 0.25 /spl mu/m CMOS 1P5M standard cells with gate counts of 32.9 K and area of 2.03 mm/sup 2/. Simulation results show our approach can work successfully at the data rate of 2.5-Gbps and achieve 80% reduction of power dissipation on the average.
Enabling Runtime Adaptation of Physical Layer Settings for Dependable UWB Communications (2018)

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is increasingly used to build location-aware IoT applications because of its outstanding positioning accuracy. Its communication performance, however, is unexplored and strongly affected by the chosen physical layer settings as well as by the surrounding environment. Finding an effective way to increase the dependability of UWB communications is yet an open problem. In this paper, we study the performance of different UWB physical layer settings and use them as tuning knobs to increase the energy efficiency and robustness of communications. Towards this goal, we first experimentally quantify the reliability and energy cost of each setting, in order to understand which physical layer configuration to privilege depending on the application requirements. We then use the estimated channel impulse response-a unique feature of UWB transceivers-to accurately measure the link quality and to extract relevant information about the characteristics of the surrounding environment, such as the presence of destructive interference. Capitalizing on this information, we design a scheme that adapts the UWB physical layer settings at runtime. An experimental evaluation using the Decawave DW1000 radio shows the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive scheme, highlighting the increased communication robustness and energy efficiency.
A fuzzy-set-theoretic approach to the compositionality of meaning: (1983)

Frege''s principle of compositionality is modified and broadened in a fuzzy-set-theoretic setting.
Mouse models for nuclear DNA‐encoded mitochondrial complex I deficiency (2010)

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of heterogeneous pathologies with decreased cellular energy production as a common denominator. Defects in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, the most frequent one in humans being isolated complex I deficiency (OMIM 252010), underlie this disturbed-energy generation. As biogenesis of OXPHOS complexes is under dual genetic control, with complex II being the sole exception, mutations in both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are found. Increasing knowledge is becoming available with respect to the pathophysiology and cellular consequences of OXPHOS dysfunction. This aids the rational design of new treatment strategies. Recently, the first successful treatment trials were carried out in patient-derived cell lines. In these studies chemical compounds were used that target cellular aberrations induced by complex I dysfunction. Before the field of human clinical trials is entered, it is necessary to study the effects of these compounds with respect to toxicity, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic potential in suitable animal models. Here, we discuss two recent mouse models for nDNA-encoded complex I deficiency and their tissue-specific knock-outs.
HYPERCOAGULABLE STATE, MOF AND PROTEINASEINHIBITORS (1995)

First Department of Surtgery, Fukushima Medical College, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima City, 960–12 Japan
Relation of human cardiac action potential duration to the interval between beats: implications for the validity of rate corrected QT interval (QTc). (1987)

Fourteen patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterisation were paced at a steady frequency; after this test, stimuli were introduced with a variable preceding interval (test pulse interval). The QT interval of the electrocardiogram and the duration of the monophasic action potential of the right ventricle were measured. QT interval is a function of action potential duration; the two variables were very closely correlated in this study. Both these variables increased in duration with increasing test pulse interval. A biphasic response, as previously reported, was not seen. An increase in steady state pacing frequency caused QT interval and action potential duration to decrease for any given R-R interval. When frequency of stimulation was suddenly increased and then maintained, there was an immediate action potential shortening followed by a further more gradual shortening occurring over several minutes. These results imply that a simple correction of QT interval for heart rate (QTc) is inadequate. It is concluded that the relation between action potential duration (or QT interval) and heart rate depends on both the instantaneous interval between beats and the duration of the prevailing heart rate.
Mammalian <i>MagT1</i> and <i>TUSC3</i> are required for cellular magnesium uptake and vertebrate embryonic development (2009)

Magnesium (Mg(2+)) is the second most abundant cation in cells, yet relatively few mechanisms have been identified that regulate cellular levels of this ion. The most clearly identified Mg(2+) transporters are in bacteria and yeast. Here, we use a yeast complementary screen to identify two mammalian genes, MagT1 and TUSC3, as major mechanisms of Mg(2+) influx. MagT1 is universally expressed in all human tissues and its expression level is up-regulated in low extracellular Mg(2+). Knockdown of either MagT1 or TUSC3 protein significantly lowers the total and free intracellular Mg(2+) concentrations in mammalian cell lines. Morpholino knockdown of MagT1 and TUSC3 protein expression in zebrafish embryos results in early developmental arrest; excess Mg(2+) or supplementation with mammalian mRNAs can rescue the effects. We conclude that MagT1 and TUSC3 are indispensable members of the vertebrate plasma membrane Mg(2+) transport system.
A new technology for increasing therapeutic protein levels in the brain over extended periods (2019)

Effective delivery of protein therapeutics into the brain remains challenging because of difficulties associated with crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To overcome this problem, many researchers have focused on antibodies binding the transferrin receptor (TfR), which is expressed in endothelial cells, including those of the BBB, and is involved in receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT). RMT and anti-TfR antibodies provide a useful means of delivering therapeutics into the brain, but the anti-TfR antibody has a short half-life in blood because of its broad expression throughout the body. As a result, anti-TfR antibodies are only maintained at high concentrations in the brain for a short time. To overcome this problem, we developed a different approach which slows down the export of therapeutic antibodies from the brain by binding them to a brain-specific antigen. Here we report a new technology, named AccumuBrain, that achieves both high antibody concentration in the brain and a long half-life in blood by binding to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), which is specifically expressed in oligodendrocytes. We report that, using our technology, anti-MOG antibody levels in the brains of mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) were increased several tens of times for a period of one month. The mechanism of this technology is different from that of RMT technologies like TfR and would constitute a breakthrough for central nervous system disease therapeutics.