gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On End-to-end Multi-channel Time Domain Speech Separation in Reverberant Environments (2020)

This paper introduces a new method for multi-channel time domain speech separation in reverberant environments. A fully-convolutional neural network structure has been used to directly separate speech from multiple microphone recordings, with no need of conventional spatial feature extraction. To reduce the influence of reverberation on spatial feature extraction, a dereverberation pre-processing method has been applied to further improve the separation performance. A spatialized version of wsj0-2mix dataset has been simulated to evaluate the proposed system. Both source separation and speech recognition performance of the separated signals have been evaluated objectively. Experiments show that the proposed fully-convolutional network improves the source separation metric and the word error rate (WER) by more than 13% and 50% relative, respectively, over a reference system with conventional features. Applying dereverberation as pre-processing to the proposed system can further reduce the WER by 29% relative using an acoustic model trained on clean and reverberated data.
Photodynamic therapy of extracellular matrix stimulates endothelial cell growth by inactivation of matrix-associated transforming growth factor-beta. (1997)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the production of cytotoxic free-radical moieties by light activation of photosensitizer dyes, is a novel approach to inhibit experimental intimal hyperplasia. Local eradication of vascular cells with this method in vivo is followed by expedient reendothelialization, and PDT of extracellular matrix (ECM) in vitro stimulates endothelial cell (EC) growth. This in vitro study explored one possible mechanism underlying these findings by investigating the effects of PDT on matrix-associated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a potent inhibitor of EC growth. The ECM deposited by EC on tissue culture plates contained 85.4 +/- 10.2 pg/10 cm2 of TGF-beta, as measured by an ELISA. In contrast, after PDT of ECM, levels of TGF-beta could be barely be detected (0.2 +/- 0.5 pg/10 cm2). The functional consequence of this observation was demonstrated by the finding that PD1 of plates coated with a fibronectin-TGF-beta complex stimulated EC mitogenesis (102.3% +/- 19.3%, p < 0.0005) compared with the untreated control (44.1% +/- 13.5%). The inhibitory effect of ECM-associated TGF-beta on EC was further delineated by blocking its activity with a specific antibody. Whereas the antibody did not affect EC mitogenesis or PDT-treated matrix or matrix-free plates (101% +/- 8.8%, 105.6% +/- 9.8%), EC mitogenesis growing on ECM was significantly enhanced (125.9%, 17.5%, p < 0.05). Finally, SDS-PAGE analysis of PDT-treated TGF-beta in solution demonstrated that the PDT-mediated loss of TGF-beta activity was not associated with changes in its molecular weight. These data demonstrate that increased EC proliferation on PDT-treated matrix is, at least in part, mediated by inactivation of TGF-beta. PDT-removal of this EC growth inhibitor in the intima provides a mechanism by which PDT of the vascular wall could potentiate endothelial regrowth, a factor which may promote proper healing and result in the inhibition of intimal hyperplasia.
Flexible Implant Resection Arthroplasty in the Hand and Extremities (1974)

This book on the treatment of chronic pain will be of great value to studenits at any stage of their career and doctors both in hospitals and general practice.Dr. Dudley Hart writes with great authority and has gathered a team of exceptional ability to help
Understanding the Lomb–Scargle Periodogram (2018)

Abstract The Lomb–Scargle periodogram is a well-known algorithm for detecting and characterizing periodic signals in unevenly sampled data. This paper presents a conceptual introduction to the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and important practical considerations for its use. Rather than a rigorous mathematical treatment, the goal of this paper is to build intuition about what assumptions are implicit in the use of the Lomb–Scargle periodogram and related estimators of periodicity, so as to motivate important practical considerations required in its proper application and interpretation.
Spinal cord stimulation: fiber diameters in the dorsal columns modeled from clinical data (2002)

Computer simulations of clinical data were performed to estimate the diameter distribution of A/spl alpha//spl beta/ nerve fibers in the human dorsal columns, activated by spinal cord stimulation. Qualitatively, the calculated distribution was in accordance with experimental data. Due to mismatches in impedance and limited resolution of the CT scans more patient data is needed to reliably predict the quantitative diameter distribution.
A standard procedure for creating a frailty index (2008)

A systematic process for creating a frailty index, which relates deficit accumulation to the individual risk of death, showed reproducible properties in the Yale Precipitating Events Project cohort study. This method of quantifying frailty can aid our understanding of frailty-related health characteristics in older adults.
Department of Agriculture (1880)

Surveys the history of the Department of Agriculture, describing its structure, current function, and influence on American society.
Infrared absorption coefficients of gaseous H_2SO_4 and SO_3 (1978)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Richard F. Majkowski, Richard J. Blint, and John C. Hill, "Infrared absorption coefficients of gaseous H2SO4 and SO3," Appl. Opt. 17, 975-977 (1978) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency: A dynamic three-dimensional motion analysis (1989)

An electrogoniometer, capable of measuring all six degrees of freedom of knee movement, was developed in our laboratory. This Instrumented Spatial Linkage system was then used to generate data for a three-dimensional assessment of 20 ACL deficient and 30 normal subjects during level walking. The system proved to be a viable method for describing total knee motion. We found the ACL deficient knees to have increased anterior/posterior translation and significant pattern differences compared to the controls. The results of this study may have implications in the treatment of the ACL deficient patient.
Preanalytical Impact of Sample Handling on Proteome Profiling Experiments with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2005)

Mass spectrometry (MS) offers a wide range of possibilities for analyzing biological samples containing complex mixtures of proteins and peptides, by generating proteome profiles. The aim of most profiling experiments is identification of changes in protein patterns that are related to a certain disease or clinical status and might therefore be used to improve diagnosis, staging, and monitoring (1). Reproducibility of spectra generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS is crucial (2), however, and early enthusiastic reports about the diagnostic power of proteome-profiling approaches for early disease classification have recently been critically assessed and reevaluated (3). The reproducibility of profiling experiments depends on sample quality, which in turn is greatly influenced by preanalytical storage conditions and the choice of anticoagulants (4)(5)(6). In this study, we examined the impact of preanalytical sample handling and storage times on MALDI-TOF MS data for serum and plasma samples and identified a candidate marker to allow objective classification of given samples with respect to age and, hence, appropriateness for MS protein profiling and interpretation of data.

We collected 10-mL venous blood samples into serum tubes, EDTA-coated tubes, and ammonium-heparin–coated tubes (Sarstedt). After collection, all samples were initially kept at room temperature for 30 min, to allow clot formation, before centrifugation at 3000 g for 10 min in a precooled (4 °C) centrifuge (Rotina 48R; Hettich). After centrifugation, 1 aliquot of each sample was immediately frozen at −80 °C (time 0); other aliquots were incubated for distinct time periods at room temperature as follows: Specimens from 1 healthy volunteer were stored at room temperature until 1, 2, and 4 h after collection and then stored at −80 °C before further use. For classification analysis, serum samples from 6 healthy volunteers and from 20 patients consecutively entering the emergency unit of the …
Prevention of the First Occurrence of Neural-Tube Defects by Periconceptional Vitamin Supplementation (1992)

Periconceptional vitamin use decreases the incidence of a first occurrence of neural-tube defects.
Torque control of electric motors without using torque sensor (2007)

Accurate torque control of a brushless motor requires the motor’s torque characteristics, which can be captured by a periodic function in motor angle. This paper presents a direct adaptive controller for torque control of brushless motors, which estimates the Fourier coefficients of the periodic function based on the measurements of motor phase voltage and angle. It will be analytically shown that the proposed adaptive controller achieves torque tracking regardless of the trajectories of input signals. Moreover, the adaptive controller does not rely on the modeling of the mechanical load, and that makes control implementation simple and modular. Experimental results obtained from the McGill/MIT motor have demonstrated that motor torque converges to the command torque.
Performance evaluation of distributed co-ordination function for IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN protocol in presence of mobile and hidden terminals (1999)

This paper investigates the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) protocol's distributed coordination function (DCF) in the presence of mobile and hidden terminals. In order to study the joint effect of hidden terminals and user mobility on the performance of IEEE 802.11 DCF, we extend Tobagi and Kleinrock's (1975) hearing graph framework to model hidden terminals in a static environment. We derive a combined mobility and hidden terminal model using a Markov chain from the hearing graph of a given physical layout. The simple model uses two parameters: /spl alpha/, which controls the number of hidden terminals in the steady state, and /spl lambda/, which controls the rate of mobility of each terminal. By varying the values of /spl alpha/ and /spl lambda/ we can systematically generate scenario with different number of hidden terminals and different mobility rates for a particular physical layout with static obstructions. We have developed a discrete event simulator which uses the parameterized model to obtain the throughput and blocking probability behavior of an IEEE 802.11 based ad hoc network in the presence of certain static obstructions. Our simulations suggest that the IEEE 802.11 DCF protocol is robust enough to handle moderate conditions of hidden terminals and mobility, but the performance may degrade under extreme conditions. Carefully selecting protocol parameters (RTS and fragmentation threshold) can help improve the performance even under extreme conditions.
Gonadal dysfunction and fertility problems in cancer survivors (2007)

Gonadal dysfunction and fertility problems are adverse effects of cancer treatment or may be associated with specific malignancies. This review focuses on these problems in the young cancer survivors, where methods of protecting or restoring endocrine function and fertility need to be considered. In females, treatment adverse effects can result in infertility, but premature ovarian failure (POF) is probably relevant for more female cancer survivors, affecting also those who do not wish post-treatment parenthood. POF affects present and future health, especially through oestrogen deficiency symptoms and an increased risk of developing osteoporosis. A lower risk of developing POF has been considered in young females than in older due to a larger pool of oocytes. However, a recent long-term follow-up study reported a prevalence of POF in young females with Hodgkin's lymphoma of 37% showing that young age at time of treatment only delays the development of POF. In male gonads, germ cells are much more sensitive to irradiation and chemotherapy than Leydig cells. Thus, infertility is a more common adverse effect than hypogonadism. Some malignancies are particular relevant. Persistent azoospermia was formerly common after treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma, but currently, most patients recover spermatogenesis. Modern treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is also unlikely to cause infertility. Norwegian testicular cancer survivors diagnosed in 1980-1994 who attempted conception had an overall 15-year actuarial post-treatment paternity rate of 71% (range 48-92% depending on the treatment). However, the rate was significantly higher among men diagnosed in1989-1994 (over 80%) than in 1980-1988 (about 63%). Patients at risk for hypogonadism and infertility should be defined prior to treatment, and available methods for gonadal preservation should maximally be utilised. During follow-up, oncologists should routinely address these issues.
Elastomer biaxial characterization using bubble inflation technique. I: Experimental investigations (2001)

Abstract The biaxial rheological behavior of materials such as elastomers or polymers can be obtained using a bubble‐inflation‐technique. A circular membrane is clamped at the rim and expanded under gas pressure. The inflation of the circular membrane is recorded using a CCD video camera and the blowing pressure by a pressure sensor. Then, from elongation and curvature radius measurement at the pole of the bubble, one can deduce equibixial stress‐strain data. This study describes the optimization of a bubble‐inflation rheometer. The most sensitive point of the technique is the estimation of the elongation at the bubble pole, deduced from video camera measurements. A direct measurement of the bubble thickness was performed using a magnetic probe in order to validate rheometer results. Such a validation has evidently never been carried out before. Results of quasi‐static equibiaxial characterisation of elastomers are presented and analyzed.
Concrete (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConcreteMary Anne White View Author Information Institute for Research in Materials, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4J3, CanadaCite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 10, 1425Publication Date (Web):October 1, 2006Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 2006Published inissue 1 October 2006https://doi.org/10.1021/ed083p1425RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1351Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Materials Get e-Alerts
Three leflunomide metabolite analogs (2000)

The title compounds, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-N-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]but-2-enamide, C(12)H(12)N(2)O(4)S, PHI492, 1-cyano-2-hydroxy-N-[3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]but-2-enamide, C(12)H(12)N(2)O(4)S, PHI493, and N-[3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]-1-cyano-2-hydroxybut-2-e namide , C(12)H(8)BrF(3)N(2)O(3), PHI495, are potent inhibitors of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). The molecular structures of these compounds are similar and they display similar hydrogen-bonding networks and crystal packing. Examination of the crystal-packing interaction in the three compounds reveals an alternating direction of adjacent molecules in the crystalline lattice due to intermolecular cyano-amide hydrogen bonding. PHI492, a positional isomer of PHI493, does not form intermolecular O-H.O hydrogen bonds between molecules and crystallizes in a space group different from that of PHI493 and PHI495. The aromatic ring and the amide group of each molecule form a conjugated pi-system which ensures planarity, with further stabilization gained from intramolecular O-H.O hydrogen bonds.
Eddy current analysis by the boundary integral equation method (1990)

A novel formulation for eddy-current analysis is presented. The formulation is based on electric-field integral equations. (EFIE) and magnetic-field integral equations (MFIE) which are deduced from Maxwell's equation by using the vector Green's theorem. The EFIE and MFIE are reduced to one boundary integral equation on the assumption that the electromagnetic fields in the metal are attenuated very rapidly compared with those along the surface. This method is especially effective at induction heating frequencies, but is valid at any frequency which satisfies the above assumption. To examine the adequacy and accuracy of this method, calculated values of temperature rises are compared with measured values; reasonably good agreement is shown.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Joint least squares optimization for robust acoustic crosstalk cancellation (2000)

The objective of acoustic crosstalk cancellation is to use loudspeakers to deliver prescribed binaural signals (that reproduce a particular auditory scene) to a listener's ears. Such systems are very sensitive to the position of the listener's head. In this paper we perform a joint least squares optimization of both the filter coefficients and the modeling delay in order to obtain a robust solution. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
High Efficiency Feedback Shift Register: sigma-LFSR. (2007)

We introduce a new kind of word-oriented linear feedback shift register called σ−LFSR which is constructed with the instructions of the modern processor and have fast software implementation. We offer an algorithm to search for good primitive σ−LFSR. In particular, we give two examples HHZ-1 and HHZ-2 and compare their efficiency and security with those of the LFSRs appearing in stream ciphers such as SNOW, SOBER and Turing. Our results show that replacing the LFSRs in SNOW, SOBER and Turing with HHZ-1 will improve security and the efficiency of fast software implementation.
SIMD Optimization of Tetrahedral Interpolation for Color Management System (2011)

Modern color devices translate their color values to the others by interpreting each device's color characteristics, or color profiles. Due to the limit of computation power and memory requirement, this translation of color values is performed using a 'lookup table' followed by interpolation. Tetrahedral Interpolation method is known to be computationally the most efficient but it is still the most time-consuming part in the entire flow of color management. This makes it difficult to implement a purely software-based high-end image processing systems dealing with high-quality images. In this study, SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data)-based optimization methods for the Tetrahedral Interpolation is implemented using Intel's SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions) based on LittleCMS software package. After restructuring the original program and removing conditional branches to uncover the parallelism among input pixels and output channels, we apply SIMD instructions to parallelize the operations for tetrahedron determination, table lookup and weighted sum computation. Inter-pixel parallelism is used for tetrahedron determination while inter-output-channel parallelism is employed for the table lookup and weighted sum. A speedup of 2.62 is achieved compared with the original integer C implementation of the LittleCMS.
A study of downhole electromagnetic sources for mapping enhanced oil recovery processes (1994)

Abstract An evaluation of downhole electromagnetic (EM) sources has been made for mapping 3-D enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes. Two types of sources considered were vertical magnetic dipoles and vertical to near-vertical electric dipoles and bipoles. These sources were used to produce magnetic field responses expected of EOR processes for crosswell configurations. A borehole-to-surface configuration was also studied for the downhole electric source, since this configuration can be highly sensitive to shallow 3-D EOR targets.For the crosswell arrays, the criteria used to evaluate the sources were the magnitudes of the observed signals with and without the process and the amount these signals change because of a migrating process. Instrumental noise was considered in the evaluation. Findings show that either electric or magnetic sources can produce truly significant changes in the fields, provided the fields before and after the initiation of the process are compared. An order of magnitude change in the fields has been demonstrated. The key to measuring such changes is to use the highest frequency possible. This frequency will be limited by instrumental noise. A migrating process did not produce field changes that are as large as those observed with and without the process. Nevertheless, model simulations showed that changes in the fields caused by the migrating processes are significant and measurable.Calculated responses of a shallow process at the surface showed that they were extremely sensitive to small deviations in the orientation of the downhole electric source. Quantitative interpretation should proceed only with techniques that explicitly consider the source orientation.
Dopant-enhanced solid-phase epitaxy in buried amorphous silicon layers (2007)

The kinetics of intrinsic and dopant-enhanced solid-phase epitaxy (SPE) is studied in buried amorphous Si layers in which SPE is not retarded by H. As, P, B, and Al profiles were formed by multiple energy ion implantation over a concentration range of $(1--30)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{19}∕{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$. Samples were annealed in air at temperatures in the range $460--660\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ and the rate of interface motion was monitored using time-resolved reflectivity. The dopant-enhanced SPE rates were modeled with the generalized Fermi level shifting model using degenerate semiconductor statistics. The effect of band bending between the crystalline and amorphous sides of the interface is also considered.
Web Developer.com Guide to Building Intelligent Web Sites with JavaScript (1998)

From the Publisher:
Featuring a rapid skill-building format, this book is organized around goals you want to accomplish with JavaScript rather than the language's technical aspects. Even if you've never programmed a line of code in your life, you'll quickly learn how to enliven your site with the smarts it needs to automatically tailor its content to an individual user's needs, solve problems, make decisions, create new pages on the fly, and even close sales! Nigel Ford eases you into the basics of JavaScript and then, with the help of dozens of vivid examples, teaches you basic and advanced techniques for adding intelligence to your Web pages; how to store different types of knowledge in your Web pages; techniques for handling requests, accessing files, and using databases in server-side JavaScript; programming for language processing, searching, problem solving, and game playing; and how to program for both the client side and server side with JavaScript.