gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two Distinct Signaling Pathways Activate the Latent DNA Binding Function of p53 in a Casein Kinase II-independent Manner (1995)

Post-translational modification of a carboxyl-terminal negative regulatory domain in vitro by either casein kinase II or protein kinase C allosterically activates the latent sequence-specific DNA binding function of p53. Reported here is a biochemical approach to determine the types of signaling pathways and enzymes that are involved in p53 activation in cells. Using a novel chromatographic method, we have been able to separate three distinct biochemical forms of p53 that have been synthesized in vivo; two are in an activated state, and one is in a latent state for sequence-specific DNA binding. The two activated forms of p53 appear to be controlled individually by either a constitutive or a UV-inducible signaling pathway. p53 lacking the COOH-terminal casein kinase II site (p53 delta 4) was characterized biochemically and used to determine the affects of deletion of the casein kinase II motif on the production of the two activated forms of p53 in vivo. As observed with full-length p53, the production of two distinct chromatographic forms of activated p53 delta 4 occurs in vivo, indicating that p53 activation can occur through a casein kinase II-independent pathway and suggesting that two other factors are involved in activation of p53 in vivo.
Recovery of Replication‐Competent Virus from CD4 T Cell Reservoirs and Change in Coreceptor Use in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Children Responding to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (2000)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) suppresses plasma viremia in most patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Prospective study of HIV-infected children (n=27) shows that, in 8 of 12 who responded to HAART (>/=0.5 log reduction in plasma HIV RNA), HAART restricted the number of coreceptors used by the predominant HIV isolate (mean number of coreceptors used at baseline was 4, vs. 1 coreceptor used at 6 months after treatment). This decrease was most striking in 6 of 8 children whose HIV coreceptor tropism changed from X4-tropic at baseline to R5-tropic. In 6 of 10 children tested, with plasma HIV RNA levels of <50 copies/mL, R5-tropic virus was isolated from CD4 T cell reservoirs. All the responding children had a significant increase in naive CD4 T cells (P<.05). These results show that persistent HIV T cell reservoirs are present in children and that HAART may influence the number and type of coreceptors used by the predominant virus isolate.
Transcriptional Regulation of the Mercury-resistance Genes of Transposon Tn501 (1986)

Expression of the mercury-resistance (mer) genes of the transposon Tn501 is positively and negatively controlled by the product of the merR gene. DNA sequence analysis has identified three open reading frames as potential candidates for this gene, one of which is oriented divergently with respect to the mercury-resistance genes. We have demonstrated that although RNA polymerase will bind to fragments containing the potential control regions for all three reading frames, only the control region for this divergent reading frame shows detectable promoter activity in vivo. Transcription of this reading frame is required for repression and induction of mer transcription. We have also shown that the Tn501 merR gene product negatively regulates its own synthesis, and have identified the start point of the transcript for this reading frame and for the mercury-inducible transcript of the mercury-resistance genes.
Collisions, caging, thermodynamics, and jamming in the barrier hopping theory of glassy hard sphere fluids (2007)

An ultralocal limit of the microscopic single particle barrier hopping theory of glassy dynamics is proposed which allows explicit analytic expressions for the characteristic length scales, energy scales, and nonequilibrium free energy to be derived. All properties are shown to be controlled by a single coupling constant determined by the fluid density and contact value of the radial distribution function. This parameter quantifies an effective mean square force exerted on a tagged particle due to collisions with its surroundings. The analysis suggests a conceptual basis for previous surprising findings of multiple inter-relationships between characteristics of the transient localized state, the early stages of cage escape, non-Gaussian or dynamic heterogeneity effects, and the barrier hopping process that defines the alpha relaxation event. The underlying physical picture is also relevant to fluids of nonspherical molecules and sticky colloidal suspensions. The possibility of a unified view of liquid dynamics is suggested spanning the range from dense gases to the zero mobility jammed state.
Variable Furosemide Absorption and Poor Predictability of Response in Elderly Patients (1997)

Although furosemide concentration in urinary and natriuretic responses showed good correlation, variability in bioavailability considerably affects the drug's excretion into urine. Variability in absorption both among patients and within an individual patient is great and overwhelms any differences in bioavailability among approved furosemide products. Switching from one formulation to another will not likely result in any predictable change in patient response.
EXPERIENCE WITH TWELVE CASES OF INTRA-OCULAR ANTERIOR CHAMBER IMPLANTS FOR APHAKIA: TWO NEW MODELS OF LENSES ARE DESCRIBED (1961)

From the
Optimierter Radioextraktionsassay zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Aktivität von Diaminooxidase (DAO) in humanem Serum und Plasma (2005)

Patients intolerant to histamine-containing foods (histamine intolerance) frequently suffer from diminished histamine degradation based on deficiency or reduced activity of the enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO). Here, we present an easy-to-use, commercially available test kit for the quantification of DAO activity in blood. Radiolabeled putrescine is added as a substrate to 100 μl of plasma or serum. DAO converts one amino group to an aldehyde. The resulting molecule spontaneously reacts to cyclic Δ 1 -pyrroline which can be extracted selectively by ethylacetate. With an optimized buffer system, we could improve the yield of extractable reactants four-fold compared to previous systems. A calibration curve with DAO from porcine kidney is used for quantification. Intraassay variation is < 10% (3.5 - 14%,n = 20), interassay variation is < 15% (4 - 21%, n = 10). Mean recovery of DAO added to samples was 104% (86 - 123%, n = 20). Results are available within three hours. DAO activity in samples was stable at 4 °C for one week, storage at -20 °C with repeated freeze cycles did not affect activity. This assay is a reliable tool for the determination of blood DAO activity and is a helpful tool in the diagnosis of non-allergic food hypersensitivities. Due to the good stability of DAO, blood samples may be drawn in the doctors office and shipped to the diagnostic lab.
Anti–Transforming Growth Factor β Receptor II Antibody Has Therapeutic Efficacy against Primary Tumor Growth and Metastasis through Multieffects on Cancer, Stroma, and Immune Cells (2010)

These preclinical data provide a foundation to support using anti-TGFbeta RII antibody as a therapeutic agent for TGFbeta RII-dependent cancer with metastatic capacity.
Molecular beam epitaxy of metastable, diamond structure Sn<i>x</i>Ge1−<i>x</i> alloys (1989)

Single-phase SnxGe1−x alloys with x up to 0.3 have been grown by molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction measurements indicate the layers to have the diamond crystal structure. The metastability of the alloys is apparent as increases in the growth temperature, layer thickness, or Sn composition cause phase separation of the Sn into a noncubic (white or β-Sn) form. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and reflection high-energy electron diffraction measurements indicate that the initial stages of growth are complicated. The first several hundred angstroms of growth are compositionally graded, with the Sn incorporation rate increasing with film thickness. Thereafter, the alloy composition remains constant, determined by flux composition, until a critical thickness for phase separation is reached (≂2000 Å for x=0.3).
Die geskiedenis van besigheidsredding (2012)

Alhoewel Suid-Afrikaanse pogings tot dusver tot 'n geslaagde besigheidsreddingsmodel grootliks onsuksesvol was, moet dit steeds gemeld word dat Suid-Afrika eintlik baanbrekerswerk op die gebied verrig het.
Die hoofstuk het ten doel om die ontstaan en ontwikkeling van besigheidsredding te ontleed.
Performance of ethanol electro-oxidation on Ni–Cu alloy nanowires through composition modulation (2008)

To reduce the cost of the catalyst for direct ethanol fuel cells and improve its catalytic activity, highly ordered Ni-Cu alloy nanowire arrays have been fabricated successfully by differential pulse current electro-deposition into the pores of a porous anodic alumina membrane (AAMs). The energy dispersion spectrum, scanning and transmission electron microscopy were utilized to characterize the composition and morphology of the Ni-Cu alloy nanowire arrays. The results reveal that the nanowires in the array are uniform, well isolated and parallel to each other. The catalytic activity of the nanowire electrode arrays for ethanol oxidation was tested and the binary alloy nanowire array possesses good catalytic activity for the electro-oxidation of ethanol. The performance of ethanol electro-oxidation was controlled by varying the Cu content in the Ni-Cu alloy and the Ni-Cu alloy nanowire electrode shows much better stability than the pure Ni one.
Structural differences between the closed and open states of channelrhodopsin‐2 as observed by EPR spectroscopy (2013)

Channelrhodopsin is a cation channel with the unique property of being activated by light. To address structural changes of the open state of the channel, two variants, which contain either 1 or 2 wild-type cysteines, were derivatised with nitroxide spin label and subjected to electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Both variants contained the C128T mutation to trap the long-lived P3(520) state by illumination. Comparison of spin-spin distances in the dark state and after illumination reflect conformational changes in the conductive P3(520) state involving helices B and F. Spin distance measurements reveal that channelrhodopsin forms a dimer even in the absence of intermolecular N-terminal cysteines.
ChemInform Abstract: CONJUGATE ADDITION OF TRIMETHYSILYLLITHIUM. A PREPARATION OF 3‐SILYL KETONES (1976)

Abstract Hexamethyldisilan (I) gibt mit Methyllithium das Trimethylsilyllithium (II), das mit 2‐Cyclohexenon (III) definiert das Addukt (IV) gibt.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Hepatocyte Growth Factor/Scatter Factor, Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, and Placenta Growth Factor in Human Meningiomas and Their Relation to Angiogenesis and Malignancy (2000)

Meningiomas do not show an angiogenic switch involving VEGF and/or hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, as has previously been found in gliomas. Nevertheless, the biological activity of VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor in meningiomas suggests that both are potential targets for antiangiogenic therapy in meningiomas of all WHO grades.
Ferroelectric behaviour of lanthanum doped (NaK)NbO<sub>3</sub>ceramics (1988)

Abstract Specimens of NaxKx−3yLayNbO3 where x = 0.5 and y = 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 have been prepared by conventional ceramic technique. The dielectric properties and conductivity were studied as a function of temperature. Substitution of rare-earth ions in (NaK)NbO3 play an important role on the ferroelectric curie temperature as well as dielectric constant. Curie temperature decreases as the concentration of the rare-earth ions increases. Lattice parameters are determined from X-ray studies.
Recognizing academic performance, sleep quality, stress level, and mental health using personality traits, wearable sensors and mobile phones (2015)

What can wearable sensors and usage of smart phones tell us about academic performance, self-reported sleep quality, stress and mental health condition? To answer this question, we collected extensive subjective and objective data using mobile phones, surveys, and wearable sensors worn day and night from 66 participants, for 30 days each, totaling 1,980 days of data. We analyzed daily and monthly behavioral and physiological patterns and identified factors that affect academic performance (GPA), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, perceived stress scale (PSS), and mental health composite score (MCS) from SF-12, using these month-long data. We also examined how accurately the collected data classified the participants into groups of high/low GPA, good/poor sleep quality, high/low self-reported stress, high/low MCS using feature selection and machine learning techniques. We found associations among PSQI, PSS, MCS, and GPA and personality types. Classification accuracies using the objective data from wearable sensors and mobile phones ranged from 67-92%.
The natural course of carpal tunnel syndrome in a working population (2010)

CTS symptoms more than positive NCV test results alone appear to predict CTS at one year. Persistence of CTS at one year is high.
A novel technique for the sensitive quantification of acyl CoA esters from plant tissues (2001)

We report a novel, highly sensitive and selective method for the extraction and quantification of acyl CoA esters from plant tissues. The method detects acyl CoA esters with acyl chain lengths from C4 to C20 down to concentrations as low as 6 fmol in extracts. Acyl CoA esters from standard solutions or plant extracts were derived to their fluorescent acyl etheno CoA esters in the presence of chloroacetaldehyde, separated by ion-paired reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and detected fluorometrically. This derivitization procedure circumvents the selectivity problems associated with previously published enzymatic methods, and methods that rely on acyl chain or thiol group modification for acyl CoA ester detection. The formation of acyl etheno CoA esters was verified by mass spectrometry, which was also used to identify unknown peaks from chromatograms of plant extracts. Using this method, we report the composition and concentration of the acyl CoA pool during lipid synthesis in maturing Brassica napus seeds and during storage lipid breakdown in 2-day-old Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. The concentrations measured were in the 3--6 microM range for both tissue types. We also demonstrate the utility of acyl CoA profiling in a transgenic B. napus line that has high levels of lauric acid. To our knowledge, this is the first time that reliable estimates of acyl CoA ester concentrations have been made for higher plants, and the ability to profile these metabolites provides a valuable new tool for the investigation of gene function.
Comparative pharmacokinetics, distributions in tissue, and interactions with blood proteins of conventional and sterically stabilized liposomes containing 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (1996)

The pharmacokinetics and distribution in tissue of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI) encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes have been evaluated in rats. Most of the sterically stabilized liposomes concentrated in the spleen with a peak level at 24 h after their intravenous injection. An extended half-life in plasma was observed for sterically stabilized liposomes (14.5 h) compared with that of conventional liposomes (3.9 h). The systemic clearance of ddI incorporated in sterically stabilized liposomes was 180 times lower than that of the free drug. The levels of in vitro and in vivo protein binding on both conventional and sterically stabilized liposomes were also evaluated. Results suggest that the amount of proteins associated with liposomes might not be the only factor involved in the in vivo clearance of liposomes, as this process may also be influenced by the nature of the bound blood proteins.
Non-nutritive sucking recorded<i>in utero</i>via fetal magnetography (2008)

Several studies in term and pre-term infants have investigated the rhythmic pattern of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) indicating correlations between the quantitative measures derived from sucking pressure variation and/or electromyographic (EMG) recordings and a range of factors that include age, perinatal stress and sequelae. In the human fetus, NNS has been reported from 13 weeks of gestation and has been studied using real-time Doppler ultrasonography exclusively. The present study indicates that NNS in fetus can be reliably recorded and quantified using non-invasive biomagnetic measurements that have been recently introduced as an investigational tool for the assessment of fetal neurophysiologic development. We show that source separation techniques, such as independent component analysis, applied to the high-resolution multichannel recordings allow the segregation of an explicit waveform that represents the biomagnetic equivalent of the ororhythmic sucking pressure variation or EMG signal recorded in infants. This enables the morphological study of NNS patterning over different temporal scales, from the global quantitative measures to the within burst fine structure characterization, in correlation with the fetal cardiac rhythm.
Copper-catalysed substitution of aryl halides by potassium phthalimide: an extension of the Gabriel reaction (1969)

Conversion into phthalimido-compounds is effected by copper-catalysed substitution reactions, in boiling dimethylacetamide, between potassium phthalimide and a wide range of aryl bromides and iodides, thus providing a useful preparative route to aromatic amines.
A study of the high speed driving scheme for HDTV grade AC PDP (2003)

To achieve high speed addressing for a HDTV grade plasma display, optimization of the timing pulses of priming and addressing have been made. Space charge control pulses were applied to address electrodes to prevent a sustaining voltage hike for high frequency sustaining. As a result, addressing of address pulse width 1 /spl mu/s has been realized and a 10 V voltage reduction in sustain pulse of width 1.8 /spl mu/s has been achieved. An image of 256/spl times/160 pixels with 8 bit gray scale could be displayed. Luminance of 560 cd/m/sup 2/ and background luminance of 0.58 cd/m/sup 2/ have been achieved by one priming discharge in one TV field.
A digital computer program for the dynamic interaction simulation of controls and structure (DISCOS), volume 1 (1978)

A theoretical development and associated digital computer program system for the dynamic simulation and stability analysis of passive and actively controlled spacecraft are presented. The dynamic system (spacecraft) is modeled as an assembly of rigid and/or flexible bodies not necessarily in a topological tree configuration. The computer program system is used to investigate total system dynamic characteristics, including interaction effects between rigid and/or flexible bodies, control systems, and a wide range of environmental loadings. In addition, the program system is used for designing attitude control systems and for evaluating total dynamic system performance, including time domain response and frequency domain stability analyses.
A Comparison of Four Glucose Monitors in a Hospital Medical Surgical Setting (1993)

Four bedside glucose monitors were evaluated and compared for accuracy in correlation with concomitant laboratory glucose values. Of these four monitors--Diascan, Glucometer Q.A., Accucheck, and One Touch--two bedside glucose monitors were comparable with a correlation coefficient of 0.91 for Glucometer Q.A. and 0.90 for One Touch. These two machines were then evaluated for precision and linearity. Although the Glucometer Q.A. was more precise for all three levels of glucose, the One Touch linearity was almost perfect. Lastly, in asking nursing staff for an evaluation of One Touch and Glucometer Q.A., 15 of 16 staff members preferred One Touch.
Conserved mechanisms across development and tumorigenesis revealed by a mouse development perspective of human cancers (2004)

Identification of common mechanisms underlying organ development and primary tumor formation should yield new insights into tumor biology and facilitate the generation of relevant cancer models. We have developed a novel method to project the gene expression profiles of medulloblastomas (MBs)--human cerebellar tumors--onto a mouse cerebellar development sequence: postnatal days 1-60 (P1-P60). Genomically, human medulloblastomas were closest to mouse P1-P10 cerebella, and normal human cerebella were closest to mouse P30-P60 cerebella. Furthermore, metastatic MBs were highly associated with mouse P5 cerebella, suggesting that a clinically distinct subset of tumors is identifiable by molecular similarity to a precise developmental stage. Genewise, down- and up-regulated MB genes segregate to late and early stages of development, respectively. Comparable results for human lung cancer vis-a-vis the developing mouse lung suggest the generalizability of this multiscalar developmental perspective on tumor biology. Our findings indicate both a recapitulation of tissue-specific developmental programs in diverse solid tumors and the utility of tumor characterization on the developmental time axis for identifying novel aspects of clinical and biological behavior.
Investigation of band structures for 2D non-diagonal anisotropic photonic crystals using a finite element method based eigenvalue algorithm (2007)

A finite element method based eigenvalue algorithm is developed for the analysis of band structures of two-dimensional non-diagonal anisotropic photonic crystals under the in-plane wave propagation. The characteristics of band structures for the square and triangular lattices consisting of anisotropic materials are examined in detail and the intrinsic effect of anisotropy on the construction of band structures is investigated. We discover some interesting relationships of band structures for certain directions of the wave vector in the first Brillouin zone and present a theoretical explanation for this phenomenon. The complete band structures can be conveniently constructed by means of this concept.
Machine Learning Techniques for Passive Network Inventory (2010)

Being able to fingerprint devices and services, i.e., remotely identify running code, is a powerful service for both security assessment and inventory management. This paper describes two novel fingerprinting techniques supported by isomorphic based distances which are adapted for measuring the similarity between two syntactic trees. The first method leverages the support vector machines paradigm and requires a learning stage. The second method operates in an unsupervised manner thanks to a new classification algorithm derived from the ROCK and QROCK algorithms. It provides an efficient and accurate classification. We highlight the use of such classification techniques for identifying the remote running applications. The approaches are validated through extensive experimentations on SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) for evaluating the impact of the different parameters and identifying the best configuration before applying the techniques to network traces collected by a real operator.