gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Lipid A Acylation in <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i> Virulence (2010)

Yersinia enterocolitica is an important human pathogen. Y. enterocolitica must adapt to the host environment, and temperature is an important cue regulating the expression of most Yersinia virulence factors. Here, we report that Y. enterocolitica 8081 serotype O:8 synthesized tetra-acylated lipid A at 37 degrees C but that hexa-acylated lipid A predominated at 21 degrees C. By mass spectrometry and genetic methods, we have shown that the Y. enterocolitica msbB, htrB, and lpxP homologues encode the acyltransferases responsible for the addition of C(12), C(14) and C(16:1), respectively, to lipid A. The expression levels of the acyltransferases were temperature regulated. Levels of expression of msbB and lpxP were higher at 21 degrees C than at 37 degrees C, whereas the level of expression of htrB was higher at 37 degrees C. At 21 degrees C, an lpxP mutant was the strain most susceptible to polymyxin B, whereas at 37 degrees C, an htrB mutant was the most susceptible. We present evidence that the lipid A acylation status affects the expression of Yersinia virulence factors. Thus, expression of flhDC, the flagellar master regulatory operon, was downregulated in msbB and lpxP mutants, with a concomitant decrease in motility. Expression of the phospholipase yplA was also downregulated in both mutants. inv expression was downregulated in msbB and htrB mutants, and consistent with this finding, invasion of HeLa cells was diminished. However, the expression of rovA, the positive regulator of inv, was not affected in the mutants. The levels of pYV-encoded virulence factors Yops and YadA in the acyltransferase mutants were not affected. Finally, we show that only the htrB mutant was attenuated in vivo.
Human Resources : a need to redefine itself : human resources (2008)

Intellectual capital - or simply put, people - are at the core of any business. Globally and in South Africa, companies are grappling with acute skills shortages. The ways in which people wish to be managed is changing as the flexible and / or work from home concepts gain momentum, more stringent techniques are introduced to measure performance, the work force in Western countries is ageing, global mobility increases and social responsibility becomes one of the main drivers of how successful a business is.
Cytokine Network: New Targeted Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer (2012)

Increasing evidence has shown that cytokines have a role in tumor biology. The role of chemokines in tumor biology is important because these peptides may influence tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. In this review, we demonstrated the role of cytokines (Interleukin-1α, hepatocyte growth factor, Interleukin-8, stromal cell-derived factor-1 and CXC-chemokines/CXCR2 biological axis) in pancreatic cancer angiogenesis, especially from the standpoint of the interaction between tumor and its microenvironments. The cytokines are intimately related with cancer angiogenesis. Blocking these cytokines could attenuate pancreatic cancer associated angiogenesis and further considered as a novel anti-angiogenic target in pancreatic cancer.
Limiting the probe effect in debugging concurrent object-oriented programs (1995)

Event-based tracers for visualizing distributed applications use process-time diagrams for demonstrating interaction among processes. Object-oriented programs can also benefit from a similar presentation in which object-time diagrams are drawn and the interaction between objects represents method invocations. In this type of diagram, it is necessary to identify the objects and methods involved.This paper presents an approach for resolving and storing class and method names at debug time instead of run time. In a sequential environment, this approach has the benefit of preserving class layouts. In a distributed object-oriented environment, it has the further benefit of minimizing the probe effect by separating resolution of naming information from program execution. Extensions were made to Poet , a partial-order event tracer, to display programs written using ABC++, a class library for adding concurrency to C++.
Against the Wall (2008)

Foreword: Strong Men Keep A-Comin On -Cornel West I. FACING THE SITUATION OF YOUNG BLACK MEN IN INNER CITIES 1. Against the Wall: Poor, Young, Black, and Male -Elijah Anderson 2. David's Story: From Promise to Despair -Raymond Gunn 3. Young, Black, and Male: The Life History of an American Drug Dealer Facing Death Row -Waverly Duck II. STRUCTURAL ANALYSES OF JOBLESSNESS AMONG BLACK YOUTH 4. The Economic Plight of Inner-City Black Males -William Julius Wilson 5. Blacklisted: Hiring Discrimination in an Era of Mass Incarceration -Devah Pager 6. The Effects of Immigration on the Economic Position of Young Black Males -Gerald D. Jaynes 7. Immigration and Equal Opportunity -Douglas S. Massey III. ENGAGING URBAN YOUTH IN SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS 8. Youth Entrepreneurship Training in the Inner City: Overcoming Disadvantage, Engaging Youth in School -Luke Anderson 9. Black Male Students and Reflections on Learning and Teaching -L. Janelle Dance 10. Fighting like a Ballplayer: Basketball as a Strategy Against Social Disorganization -Scott N. Brooks 11. Tell us how it feels to be a problem: Hip Hop Longings and Poor Young Black Men -Imani Perry IV. SOCIAL POLICY MATTERS 12. Social Issues Lurking in the Over-Representation of Young African American Men in the Expanding DNA Databases -Troy Duster 13. You can take me outta the 'hood, but you can't take the 'hood outta me: Youth Incarceration and Reentry -Jamie J. Fader 14. Suicide Patterns Among Black Males -Sean Joe 15. Why Are Handguns So Accessible on Urban Streets? -David Kairys Notes List of Contributors Index Acknowledgments
<title>Smart audiosonic contact impedance sensor for NDT of elastic polymers</title> (1998)

A nondestructive identification system for diagnostics of rubberlike materials has been developed. The system is based on the simultaneous contact impedance and compliance test conducted at two different sampling frequencies which correspond to the dynamic and quasistatic loadings, respectively. Measurements are taken by a piezoactive contact impedance tester which is a standing wave device registering the leakage of acoustic flow from the actuator via indenter into loaded specimens. Lame's elastic constants, density and rheological parameters of specimen are well correlated with a change in the output signal obtained from the sensor. Experimental data are processed by means of digital filtering, autoscaling and polynomial fitting. The LP filtered data, which correspond to the transient period of loading, are fitted with the dynamic model consisting of several Voigt's elements connected in series. Furthermore, the non-filtered data sampled at high frequency, which correspond to the quasistatic loading, are compared with the database.
An Investigation of the Economic Benefit of Inflow Control Devices on Horizontal Well Completions Using a Reservoir-Wellbore Coupled Model (2002)

Abstract A finite-difference, lumped-parameter based, reservoir-wellbore coupled model was developed to characterize the economic benefit of inflow control devices on horizontal well completions. Baker Oil Tools' inflow control device (ICD), the Equalizer™, has been tested and analyzed as a standalone entity. Several correlations have been developed to quantify the pressure drop characteristics of this ICD. To show the positive effects an ICD has on an asset, one must quantify, not only the flow performance of the ICD, but the time dependent depletion scenarios of the reservoir in question. In this paper, the benefits of a unique inflow control device will be shown by analyzing reservoir depletion scenarios with and without inflow control. Without inflow control, a horizontal completion is at risk of early water breakthrough. With early water breakthrough, the water cut tends to escalate due to its lower viscosity compared to that of oil. As the water cut escalates, oil production drops significantly, often leading to shutdown of the well and reserves being left in the ground. This paper will show the benefits of using an ICD by describing the model development of a hypothetical, yet typical, field and the subsequent analysis that drives the completion design of the horizontal well. The model includes the reservoir, water oil contact, near-wellbore characteristics, wellbore, sand control screen, ICDs, basepipe, and production tubing, capital expenditure input, and real time calculations of net present value of the reservoir. The use of inflow control devices increases the capital expenditure, but the increased cost is more than compensated for by the increased production efficiency. The technology presented can be extrapolated and applied to the analysis of well completions consisting of different types of hardware. Future developments of this type of analysis will be described. This work provides three additions to the technical knowledge base of the petroleum industry; 1) use of a lumped-parameter finite-difference based model to couple the wellbore completion to the reservoir, 2) proof of the positive effects of inflow control devices on producing hydrocarbons, and 3) further information on using the "economics of reservoir depletion" to drive horizontal completion designs.
Parallel Processing of DCT on GPU (2011)

In this paper the implementation of discrete cosine transform (DCT) on the GPU. The study indicates a clear superiority of the GPU as parallel processor for image compression using DCT over the CPU. It also indicates that the increase in image size considerably slowed the CPU and did not affect the GPU.
New Movable Plate for Efficient Millimeter Wave Vertical on-Chip Antenna (2013)

A new movable plate concept is presented in this paper to realize mm-wave vertical on-chip antennas through MEMS based post-processing steps in a CMOS compatible process. By virtue of its vertical position, the antenna is isolated from the lossy Si substrate and hence performs with a better efficiency as compared to the horizontal position. In addition, the movable plate concept enables polarization diversity by providing both horizontal and vertical polarizations on the same chip. Through a first iteration fractal bowtie antenna design, dual band (60 and 77 GHz) operation is demonstrated in both horizontal and vertical positions without any change in dimensions or use of switches for two different mediums (Si and air). To support the movable plate concept, the transmission line and antenna are designed on a flexible polyamide, where the former has been optimized to operate in the bent position. The design is highly suitable for compact, low cost and efficient SoC solutions.
Iterative curve fitting of chromatographic peaks (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIterative curve fitting of chromatographic peaksStephen N. Chesler and Stuart P. CramCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 8, 1354–1359Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60330a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views621Altmetric-Citations67LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (722 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Use of SPARK in a resource constrained embedded system (2009)

We are constructing a remote sensing buoy that will be deployed on the Arctic sea ice north of Alaska. The buoy will gather environmental data and transmit that data back to home base via the Iridium satellite network. This data will then be used (by others) to refine models of ice movement. To enhance reliability the buoy software was written using SPARK Ada. SPARK was also helpful in reducing the memory footprint of the software to an acceptable level. Note also that the construction of the prototype buoy is a student project. Thus our experience is in an educational context.
Multichannel Bipotentiostat Integrated With a Microfluidic Platform for Electrochemical Real-Time Monitoring of Cell Cultures (2012)

An electrochemical detection system specifically designed for multi-parameter real-time monitoring of stem cell culturing/differentiation in a microfluidic system is presented. It is composed of a very compact 24-channel electronic board, compatible with arrays of microelectrodes and coupled to a microfluidic cell culture system. A versatile data acquisition software enables performing amperometry, cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy in each of the 12 independent chambers over a 100 kHz bandwidth with current resolution down to 5 pA for 100 ms measuring time. The design of the platform, its realization and experimental characterization are reported, with emphasis on the analysis of impact of input capacitance (i.e., microelectrode size) and microfluidic pump operation on current noise. Programmable sequences of successive injections of analytes (ferricyanide and dopamine) and rinsing buffer solution as well as the impedimetric continuous tracking for seven days of the proliferation of a colony of PC12 cells are successfully demonstrated.
Medical image segmentation via coupled curve evolution equations with global constraints (2002)

In this work the authors modify the coupled curve evolution approach to snakes presented by the authors in previous work for bimodal and trimodal imagery through the introduction of global constraints. The key idea, as before, is to derive curve evolution equations which "pull apart" the values of one or more statistics within the image. However, by imposing a new constraint on the evolution of these statistics, the authors are able to segment a larger class of medical imagery for which their original model would fail.
Face and voice identifications in showups and lineups (1994)

Abstract Witnesses were asked to identify a young adult female target to whom they had spoken for 15 seconds five minutes earlier in a naturalistic field setting. Subjects were given a single facial photograph or a single tape‐recorded voice of either the target or a highly similar foil, or a target‐present or target‐absent six‐person photo lineup or six‐person voice lineup. Identification of the target was superior in the six‐person photo lineup than in the one‐person photo lineup when choices were corrected for guessing. False identifications of the ‘innocent’ suspect did not differ in one‐person and six‐person photo lineups. However, the diagnosticity index indicated that witnesses were twice as likely to be more accurate than inaccurate in making a selection with the six‐person photo lineup than in the one‐person lineup. Performance was poor in both one‐person and six‐person voice lineups. With the exception of the target‐absent one‐person photo lineup, no significant correlations were found between confidence and performance.
Atomic force microscopy studies of rubbed polyimide surfaces used for liquid crystal alignment (1996)

Liquid crystal (LC) surface alignment, which controls off-state contrast in LC displays, is commonly achieved by directional rubbing of polyimide-coated substrates. In order to better understand the alignment mechanism we have used tapping-mode atomic force microscopy to study the dependence of polymer surface morphology on rubbing conditions. Based on results from three polyimides rubbed at different strengths with two cloths, we have identified five surface feature types induced by the rubbing: (1) isolated point defects, (2) occasional deep scratches (≥5 nm), (3) numerous very shallow scratches (mostly ≤1 nm deep), (4) nanoscale surface islands (3–10 nm high, number density ≳109 cm−2), and (5) modified background texture. The last feature confirms that the entire surface has been affected by the rubbing process. The finest resolution achieved, about 10 nm full width, was insufficient to resolve individual polymer chains. Of the features observed, only occasional very deep off-axis scratches clearly affected azimuthal LC alignment. Quasiperiodic features observed under weak rubbing conditions suggest that initial rubbing occurs by a stick-slip mechanism, and the widths of such features gives an estimate of fiber-surface contact size.
Automotive control system diagnostics using neural nets for rapid pattern classification of large data sets (1989)

The problem of diagnosing faults in the electronic control systems now present in most new cars is considered. The authors have addressed this problem by developing an efficient data acquisition system for automotive applications which can obtain the full record of data exchanged between any electronic controller and the mechanical system in the vehicle. The task of analyzing the data sets obtained from the systems under test is essentially a classification problem and is therefore well suited to the application of neural nets. The authors present typical data extracted from the vehicles in short comprehensive tests and show how a variety of neural net paradigms have been used to classify the data as to the fault present and, in some cases, the severity of the fault.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THERMAL EXPANSION OF <font>ZrO</font><sub>2</sub>-<font>ZrW</font><sub>2</sub><font>O</font><sub>8</sub> COMPOSITES PREPARED USING CO-PRECIPITATION ROUTE (2009)

In this work, a series of ZrO 2 / ZrW 2 O 8 ceramic composites with different amounts of ZrW 2 O 8 were successfully prepared by calcining the precursors synthesized using co-precipitation route at 1150°C for 3 h. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed that the composites only consisted of α- ZrW 2 O 8 phase and m - ZrO 2 phase. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the synthesized ZrO 2 / ZrW 2 O 8 composites showed that the specimens had good mixed-uniformities. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficients of the composites decreased with increased amounts of negative thermal expansion ZrW 2 O 8 , specimen with 26wt% ZrW 2 O 8 shows almost zero thermal expansion and its average thermal expansion coefficient is -0.5897×10 -6 K -1 in the temperature range from 30°C to 600°C.
Predicting objective function weights from patient anatomy in prostate IMRT treatment planning (2013)

This study demonstrates a proof of concept that patient anatomy can be used to predict appropriate objective function weights for treatment planning. In the long term, such geometry-driven weights may serve as a starting point for iterative treatment plan design or may provide information about the most clinically relevant region of the Pareto surface to explore.
Towards Understanding the Roles of Prohibitins, Multi-Functional Regulator Proteins (2008)

Prohibitins comprise a family of highly conserved ubiquitous eukaryotic proteins that localise to different compartments of the cell. They have been implicated in important cellular processes such as cellular signalling and transcriptional control, apoptosis, cellular senescence, early development of Caenorhabditis elegans and mitochondrial biogenesis. In yeast, mammals and C. elegans there exist at least two homologous prohibitin proteins (yeast: PHB1, PHB2; human: BAP32, BAP37), which assemble into high molecular weight complexes of about 1.2 MDa in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Experimentally determined structural information about these proteins has been elusive for a long time. Recently, however, the biogenesis and architecture of the yeast prohibitin complex has been analysed and yielded ringshaped structures as visualised by single particle electron microscopy. Structural details at atomic level remain to be determined, but a first step into this direction is provided by modelling approaches. Prohibitins consist of three domains, an N-terminal transmembrane helix, a middle (PHB) domain and a C-terminal coiled coil domain. The PHB domain is the landmark feature within the super-family of SPFH (stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK/C) domain proteins. The recently determined NMR structure of mouse flotillin-2 provides a first access to structural details of prohibitins. While the first functional role attributed to prohibitins was the regulation of cellular senescence, DNA transcription and tumour cell growth, there is recent evidence that they also can act as markers for adipose tissue. In a mouse model, an apoptotic peptide targeted at prohibitin was successful in reversing obesity. An extracellular complex containing both BAP32 and BAP37 was found to bind to the Vi capsular polysaccharide, first identified as a virulence antigen of Salmonella typhi, suggesting a key role for both proteins in infection with S. typhi. Furthermore, the interaction of prohibitin with compounds activating melanin production has placed these proteins at a central position in melanogenesis, and further implicates mitochondria in signalling pathways of the pigmentation process. Accumulating evidence suggests that prohibitins are implicated in mitochondrial, age and oxidative stress-related diseases, as well as in immunity and inflammation, cancer and cancer-like diseases, obesity, and drug resistance. The complementary interplay between structural and chemical biology will provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms of prohibitins and, more generally, the functions of mitochondria in living cells. This review discusses the current state of knowledge about prohibitins, and provides a vision for further developments in the field of these eminently important proteins. Keywords: Molecular modelling, PHB domain, protein-protein interactions, m-AAA-protease, melanogenin
Microscopic image segmentation based on color pixels classification (2009)

The computer-assisted microscopy systems can increase the accuracy of the analysis. To guarantee correct results in computer-assisted microscopy, accurate nuclei segmentation is crucially important since images segmentation is the first step towards image understanding and image analysis. In this paper, we present clustering techniques to segment homogeneous clusters in RGB color space and then label each cluster as a different region. According to the evaluation process, 97% of nuclei pixels were correctly delineated with our algorithm and on average 90% of nuclei were correctly detected. Our methods could be of value to computer-based systems designed to objectively interpret microscopic images by accurate nuclei segmentation.
Reduced Plasma Antioxidant Concentrations and Increased Oxidative DNA Damage in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (2001)

Depletion of antioxidants is likely to be important in the pathophysiology of IBD: UC and CD patients show increased free radical peripheral leukocyte DNA damage and decreased plasma antioxidant defenses. These results indicate the necessity of further studies to establish whether optimal vitamin status may improve the clinical course of UC and CD.