gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immune systems biology: immunoprofiling of cells and molecules (2004)

White blood cells and their secreted products are key elements of immune systems biology that are important indicators of patient health and disease. We have developed the SurroScan microvolume laser scanning cytometer to immunoprofile hundreds of variables, including cell populations, cell surface antigens, and intracellular molecules in antibody-based assays on small samples (about 1 mL) of whole blood, processed blood, or other fluids without cell purification or washing steps. The system enables high-throughput, robust and automated data capture and analysis. We demonstrate the utility of this immunoprofiling technology platform by surveying patient samples before and after glucocorticosteroid administration and show both the expected and novel response characteristics. This system complements recent advances in genomic and proteomic approaches to disease prediction and monitoring.
Wattmeter calibration at zero power factor using digitally generated sinewaves (1976)

A two-phase digital sinewave generator with provision for accurate phase shifts has been constructed. A system using this generator for the calibration of power frequency wattmeters at zero power factor is described. This method relies mainly on the phase angles of three terminal gas dielectric capacitors and a four terminal current shunt for quadrature accuracy between current and voltage. An intercomparison with a high-quality air-cored mutual inductor gives phase agreement within ±50 μrad
A NOVEL CLOSED LOOP PROCESS FOR RECYCLING SPENT Li-ION BATTERY CATHODE MATERIALS (2021)

Hydrometallurgical recycling of spent lithium cathode material commonly uses sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) as reagents for impurity removal, metal extraction, and lithium recovery, which results a final processing solution containing high concentration of Na+ that needs to be treated before discharge or reuse. The present study reports the development of a novel closed-loop hydrometallurgical recycling of spent lithium cathode material process by adapting lithium hydroxide (LiOH) or lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) to replace in impurity removal and metal extraction, as well as using a three-compartment electrodialysis cell to regenerate LiOH and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in recovering lithium. The regenerated LiOH and H2SO4 can be reused in the hydrometallurgical recycling process, making this a closed-loop process. Three different scales are studied to understand the reaction kinetics: 1-l batch, 40-l batch, and 73-l continuous batch. With LiOH as a reagent, impurities, such as Al and Fe, can be removed at pH 4.0–5.5. Metal extraction of Ni, Co, and Mn as carbonate or hydroxide can be achieved at pH 8–10. Up to 0.9 M of LiOH can be generated with a three-compartment electrodialysis cell with a 78% current efficiency. The proposed closed-loop hydrometallurgical process reduces costs through reagent regeneration, offering economic attractiveness, and provides an environmentally friendlier approach to recycling spent lithium-ion battery cathode material.
A new method for multipath channel characterisation for terrestrial transmitted video (1995)

Under the multipath conditions of terrestrial television transmission, ghost carriers cause additive information to be generated by the VSB filter within the television receiver. By analysis of this a priori effect of the VSB filter under a ghosted condition the inphase and phase quadrature detected video signals are defined. Derived from these results, a new algorithm based upon correlation techniques is presented which finds the characteristics of the amplitude and delay of individual ghosts. These characteristics are then passed to a deterministic deghoster to minimise ghost effects.
Development of the research model: resources, the design of voluntary sustainability initiatives for supply chains, and legitimacy (2010)

AbstractThe preceding chapters developed several elements (i.e., theories and empirics) that must be integrated into a comprehensive research model. Hence, this chapter will recapitulate these theories as well as empirics and develop hypotheses on the relationships between the relevant concepts (see Section 6.1.). While aspects of the design of the voluntary sustainability initiative for supply chains as well as legitimacy effects will be developed based on the initial theoretical framework, hypotheses on key resources and complementarities will be directly adopted from the first empirical study of this thesis. As no effects concerning the nonlinearity of resource value and contingencies could be identified in the exploratory study, these effects will not be considered in the research model. In order to provide a good basis for theory-testing, all hypotheses will be summarised in the form of a table and path diagram (see Section 6.2.).KeywordsSupply ChainEffective DesignFocal FirmInstitutional ActorPath DiagramThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Liquid-tin-jet laser-plasma extreme ultraviolet generation (2004)

We demonstrate the applicability of liquid-metal jets in vacuum as regenerative targets for laser-plasma generation of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft x-ray radiation. This extends the operation of liquid-jet laser-plasma sources to high-temperature, high-Z, high-density, low-vapor-pressure materials with new spectral signatures. The system is demonstrated using tin (Sn) as the target due to its strong emission around λ≈13 nm, which makes the material suitable for EUV lithography. We show a conversion efficiency of 2.5% into (2%BW×2π×sr) and report quantitative measurements of the ionic/atomic as well as particulate debris emission.
The coaction of tonic and phasic dopamine dynamics (2014)

Tonic neurochemical dopamine activity underlies many brain functions; however a consensus on this important concentration has not yet been reached. In this work, we introduce in vivo fast-scan controlled-adsorption voltammetry to report tonic dopamine concentrations (90 ± 9 nM) and the dopamine diffusion coefficient (1.05 ± 0.09 × 10(-6) cm(2) s(-1)) in the mouse brain.
Creep and Fatigue Testing of Micro Solder Joints (1984)

Against the background of the fact that solder joints crack owing to thermal cycling, the method of predicting the lifetime of a solder joint is critically discussed. The conclusion is that the working conditions of the solder joints have to be carefully analysed and to be brought into agreement with the material properties. On the basis of experimental values, it is shown how this can be done. Creep, relaxation and fatigue of solder joints are discussed.
Recombination in Polymer:Fullerene Solar Cells with Open‐Circuit Voltages Approaching and Exceeding 1.0 V (2012)

Abstract Polymer:fullerene solar cells are demonstrated with power conversion efficiencies over 7% with blends of PBDTTPD and PC 61 BM. These devices achieve open‐circuit voltages ( V oc ) of 0.945 V and internal quantum efficiencies of 88%, making them an ideal candidate for the large bandgap junction in tandem solar cells. V oc ’s above 1.0 V are obtained when the polymer is blended with multiadduct fullerenes; however, the photocurrent and fill factor are greatly reduced. In PBDTTPD blends with multiadduct fullerene ICBA, fullerene emission is observed in the photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectra, indicating that excitons are recombining on ICBA. Voltage‐dependent, steady state and time‐resolved photoluminescence measurements indicate that energy transfer occurs from PBDTTPD to ICBA and that back hole transfer from ICBA to PBDTTPD is inefficient. By analyzing the absorption and emission spectra from fullerene and charge transfer excitons, we estimate a driving free energy of –0.14 ± 0.06 eV is required for efficient hole transfer. These results suggest that the driving force for hole transfer may be too small for efficient current generation in polymer:fullerene solar cells with V oc values above 1.0 V and that non‐fullerene acceptor materials with large optical gaps (>1.7 eV) may be required to achieve both near unity internal quantum efficiencies and values of V oc exceeding 1.0 V.
Interband cascade light emitting diodes in the 5–8 μm spectrum region (1997)

Interband cascade electroluminescence in the 5–8 μm spectrum region is observed from a staircase of Sb-based type-II quantum well structures. The structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy on a GaSb substrate and comprises 15 periods of active regions separated by digitally graded multilayer injection regions. The device has been operated at 300 and 77 K with an output optical power up to 700 nW. The strong blue shift of the electroluminescent peak with the applied bias due to the Stark effect has also been observed.
Isolation and characterization of PRRSV GD3 strain isolated in China. (2009)

The PRRSV GD3 strain was isolated in Guangdong province in 2005.It was identified by RT-PCR,and IFA test.The physico-chemical property of GD3 was tested on Marc-145.Six gene fragments of GD3 were amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into pMD18-T vector for sequencing.5' ends was obtained by 5-Full RACE Core Set.The results showed that the complete genome of GD3 strain was 15 425 nt,containing nine open reading frames(ORFs) with 189 nt in the 5'UTR and 150 nt in the 3'UTR.The phylogenetic trees revealed the GD3 strain was a intergrade virus strain evoluated from classical PRRV CH-1a strain to the PRRSV JXA1 and HUN4 mutant strains indicated by 97.1 %,and 97.2 % nucleotide homology with JXA1 and HuN4 strain,94.9 % nucleotide homology with CH-1a strain.
Poetic Features for Poem Recognition: A Comparative Study (2008)

The Journal of Pattern Recognition Research (JPRR) provides an open access forum for the publication of research articles in areas of pattern recognition, machine learning, artificial intelligence, computational algorithms, and fuzzy learning
Special Repo Rates (1996)

ABSTRACT This article provides the causes and symptoms of special repo rates in a competitive market for repurchase agreements. A repo rate is, in effect, an interest rate on loans collateralized by a specific instrument. A “special” is a repo rate significantly below prevailing market riskless interest rates. This article shows that specials can occur when those owning the collateral are inhibited, whether from legal or institutional requirements or from frictional costs, from supplying collateral into repurchase agreements. Specialness increases the equilibrium price for the underlying instrument by the present value of savings in borrowing costs associated with the repo specials.
Introduction ofp53 induces cell-cycle arrest inp53-deficient human medullary-thyroid-carcinoma cells (1997)

The structural integrity of the p53 gene in a human thyroid-medullary-carcinoma-derived cell line has been studied. Analysis of high-molecular-weight DNA showed that the p53 locus is severely rearranged. PCR and single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis revealed that a large portion of the 5' end of the p53 gene is lost, while a region encompassing exons 8 and 9 is rearranged. As a consequence, no virtual expression of a p53-specific transcript is detected in mRNA from the medullary-carcinoma cell line. The absence of a p53 protein prompted us to analyze the biological effect of exogenous expression of this tumor-suppressor gene on cell growth and viability, introducing retroviral constructs carrying full-length human wild-type p53 cDNA. Contrary to what has been described for other cell types, including most thyroid-carcinoma cell lines of follicular origin, these experiments allowed us to establish clonal-cell populations which constitutively express p53. Cytometric analysis revealed G1-specific cell-cycle arrest, responsible for growth retardation in the transfected clones when compared with the parental cell line. However, medullary-thyroid-carcinoma cells expressing p53 are able to partially overcome the G1 block and progress through the cell cycle. In the search of the mechanism(s) involved in these processes, we describe the interaction of p53 with specific p21WAF1/Cip1 promoter sequences by gel-retardation assays.
GENETIC CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HUMAN ADULT HAEMOGLOBIN (HbA<sub>1</sub>) AND SICKLE CELL HAEMOGLOBIN (HbS) (1983)

The humoral response of twelve strains of mice to immunization with either normal adult human haemoglobin (HbA1) or sickle-cell haemoglobin (HbS) was studied using a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Results indicate the presence of at least two genes that control the magnitude of this response, one of which is located at the 'D-end' of the H-2 complex. H-2 haplotypes s, q and k are associated with a low response, haplotypes d and a with a high response, and the b haplotype with an intermediate response. No difference in the pattern or magnitude of the response was observed when HbS was used as the immunogen in place of HbA1. The N-terminal octapeptides of the beta chains of HbA1 and HbS were synthesized and the presence of antibodies specific for the N-terminal octapeptides was tested. The magnitude of the anti-N-terminal response correlated with that to the intact molecules with one exception. A much lower response to the beta s-peptide was found in the C57BL/10Sn mice. Monoclonal antibodies were prepared to HbA1 and HbS. Three clones were studied for their reaction with HbA1, HbS, and the beta A1 and beta S peptides. One clone was found which binds both the beta A1 and beta S peptides. This indicates that the N-terminal portion of the beta chain of human haemoglobin is antigenic in mice.
Condensation of Acetone with the Amino Derivatives from Nitrofen, Chlornitrofen and Chlomethoxynil in Gas Chromatograph (1982)

Acetone solution of the amino derivatives from three diphenyl ether herbicides, nitrofen-amino (p-aminophenyl 2, 4-dichlorophenyl ether), chlornitrofen-amino (p-aminophenyl 2, 4, 6-trichlorophenyl ether), and chlomethoxynil-amino (4-amino-3-methoxyphenyl 2, 4-dichlorophenyl ether) shows two peaks on a gas chromatogram (equipped with FID or ECD), respectively. GC-mass spectrometry revealed that the first peak was the amino compound, and the second was the condensate with acetone. The condensates were N-isopropylidene-p-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxy) aniline, N-isopropylidene-p-(2, 4, 6-trichlorophenoxy) aniline, and N-isopropylidene-4-(2, 4-dichlorophenoxy)-2-methoxyaniline. Results of experiments in which acetone was replaced with hexane suggest that the amino compounds in acetone exist in free states, or form easily reversible combinations with acetone and the dehydrated condensates are formed at the injection port (230°C) immediately after injecting the solution into GC.
A note on the capillary problem (1974)

The purpose of this note is to extend the result of Theorem 3 in the preceding paper w Consider an open set ~ in Euclidean n-space, bounded in part by a surface Z of class C (2) whose mean curvature H r. does not change sign; the sign of H r. is chosen to be positive when the curvature vector points into ~. As in [2], we use the symbols Y~ and ~ to denote also the area and volume of these sets. Let u(x) be a solution in ~ of ()=nH(x), 1 div vVu W ~= 1 + IVul ~, (1) where H(x) is prescribed in ~, and set 1 Tu=~Vu (2) in ~. Denote by v the exterior directed unit normal on Z. We observe first that i[ H(x) is bounded on one side, then/or any open subset Z*c ~,, the quantity S~* Tu .,~da is uniquely defined as a limit o/ integrals over sur/aces converging in any uni/orm way to Z*/rom within ~. To see this, it suffices to suppose H > 0 and to show the result when E* is the part of lying interior to a (small) sphere S centered on Y~, so that * and a part S*cS together bound ~*c ~. Integrating (1) by parts in the subregion cut off by an approximating surface F*, and passing to the limit as F*-~Z*, we find lim fr Tu.vda= f H(x)dX-fs TU.vda.
Iterative Automated Foreground Segmentation in Video Sequences Using Graph Cuts (2015)

In this paper we propose a method for foreground object segmentation in videos using an improved version of the GrabCut algorithm. Motivated by applications in de-identification, we consider a static camera scenario and take into account common problems with the original algorithm that can result in poor segmentation. Our improvements are as follows: (i) using background subtraction, we build GMM-based segmentation priors; (ii) in building foreground and background GMMs, the contributions of pixels are weighted depending on their distance from the boundary of the object prior; (iii) probabilities of pixels belonging to foreground or background are modified by taking into account the prior pixel classification as well as its estimated confidence; and (iv) the smoothness term of GrabCut is modified by discouraging boundaries further away from the object prior. We perform experiments on CDnet 2014 Pedestrian Dataset and show considerable improvements over a reference implementation of GrabCut.
Orexin A activates locus coeruleus cell firing and increases arousal in the rat (1999)

The localization of orexin neuropeptides in the lateral hypothalamus has focused interest on their role in ingestion. The orexigenic neurones in the lateral hypothalamus, however, project widely in the brain, and thus the physiological role of orexins is likely to be complex. Here we describe an investigation of the action of orexin A in modulating the arousal state of rats by using a combination of tissue localization and electrophysiological and behavioral techniques. We show that the brain region receiving the densest innervation from orexinergic nerves is the locus coeruleus, a key modulator of attentional state, where application of orexin A increases cell firing of intrinsic noradrenergic neurones. Orexin A increases arousal and locomotor activity and modulates neuroendocrine function. The data suggest that orexin A plays an important role in orchestrating the sleep-wake cycle.
Application of anti lung adenocarcinoma monoclonal antibody recognizing cytokeratin-like cytoplasmic antigen for tumor diagnosis. (1992)

An anti lung adenocarcinoma murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb), KM195 (IgG1), was generated using mice which underwent tolerance treatment to normal lung tissues. KM195 was selected from among a number of hybridoma clones because of its advantageous reactivity such as high binding to cell membranes of lung adenocarcinoma tissues and low binding to cell membranes of major normal tissues. In a binding assay using cultured cell lines KM195 was found to bind cytoplasmic antigen in many adenocarcinoma cells. Detailed immunohistochemical analysis using paraffin-fixed tissue sections showed that many adenocarcinoma cells such as gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, mammary cancer, ovary cancer and cervical cancer reacted positively with KM195, as well as lung adenocarcinoma cells. KM195 also positively stained a small number of normal cells found in adult and fetal tissues like lung, intestine, pancreas, liver and kidney. Western blot analysis using membrane fraction of lung adenocarcinoma tissues revealed two major KM195-positive bands which were electrophoresed nearby at molecular weights (M.W.) of 40 Kd. The protein corresponding to the two major bands was purified by immuno-affinity chromatography and sequenced. The amino-terminal 19 residues of the lower band was identified as VLEVDPNIQAVXTQEXEQI, which is identical to that of the human cytokeratin 8 (residues 77 to 95), M.W. 52Kd. The amino-terminal sequence of the upper band was blocked and not determined. To examine the ability of KM195 for tumor imaging, 125I-labeled KM195 was injected i.v. into nude mice bearing SW1116 xenografts. Significantly higher radioactivity was observed in the tumor compared with major organs at days 3 and 5. These data indicate that KM195, which recognizes cytokeratin 8-like cytoplasmic antigen, could be a potential MoAb for use in the immunohistochemical diagnosis and radioimmunodetection of adenocarcinoma.
Nucleotide sequence of the streptococcin A-FF22 lantibiotic regulon: model for production of the lantibiotic SA-FF22 by strains of<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (1999)

Streptococcin A-FF22 (SA-FF22) is a type AII linear lantibiotic produced by Streptococcus pyogenes strain FF22. Sequence analysis of an approximate 10 kb region of DNA showed it to contain nine open reading frames arranged in three operons responsible for regulation, biosynthesis and immunity of SA-FF22. This region is organized similarly to the Lactococcus lactis lacticin 481 region, however, unlike lacticin 481, a two-component regulatory system is essential for SA-FF22 production. Located immediately downstream of the scn region is a putative transposase gene, the presence of which supports earlier data that indicated a mobile nature to this region.
High conversion efficiency ultraviolet fiber Raman oscillator–amplifier system (1986)

High efficiency UV frequency conversion by stimulated Raman scattering in a XeCl (λ = 308-nm) excimer laser-pumped multimode fiber is presented. The system consists of a first piece of fiber as a Stokes generator and a second as a power amplifier. Power conversion efficiencies up to 80% have been measured. Uses of fiber Raman amplifiers in the near UV are also discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF MACROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS BY THERMAL DIMERIZATION OF 1,10‐PHENANTHROLINE DERIVATIVES (1977)

Abstract Das thermische Verhalten des Phenanthrolins (I) sowie der äquimolaren Gemische aus den Phenanthrolinen (I) und (III) bzw. (III) und (IV) wird mittels Differentialthermoanalyse und thermogravimetrischer Analyse untersucht.
Natural History of Brugada Syndrome (2002)

The information on the natural history of patients obtained in this study allowed elaboration of a risk-stratification scheme to quantify the risk for sudden cardiac death and to target the use of the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.
[Neural stem cells transplantation promote the expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor after the spinal cord injury of rats]. (2008)

The transplantation of NSCs can change the tiny-entironment by upregulating the expression of BDNF. It maybe one of the mechanism of repairing the SCI by NSCs transplantation.
Towards a New Generation of Social Networks: Merging Social Web with Semantic Web (2009)

This article investigates several well-known social network applications such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Last.fm, Flickr and identifies semantics and social data portability as the main technical issues that need to be addressed in the future. We argue that these issues can be addressed by building social networks like Semantic Web applications with FOAF, SIOC, and Linked Data technologies, and show how this can be done by implementing a prototype application using Java and core Semantic Web technologies. The developed prototype shows how features from semantic websites such as Freebase and DBpedia can be reused in social applications and lead to more relevant content and stronger social connections. In addition, the article discusses a number of issues that need to be addressed in the design and implementation of semantic social networks, which could serve as a guideline in the implementation of other semantic social applications.
Electrical properties of hexatriacontane single crystal (1979)

A nonlinear current-voltage characteristic is observed in hexatriacontane (C36H74) single crystals and a Schottky effect or Poole-Frenkel effect mechanism is suggested as the cause. It is shown that the breakdown strength (1.5 MV cm-1) of the crystal at room temperature: (i) is much smaller than that of polyethylene (6 MV cm-1), (ii) decreases with increasing electrode distance and (iii) is temperature insensitive until the temperature nears boiling point. These results can be explained by taking into account the large electron mobility in hexatriacontane single crystal compared with that in polyethylene. The important role of the amorphous part of the electrical conduction and breakdown characteristics in polyethylene are indicated from these discussions.