gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Growth Kinetics of <i>Thiobacillus ferrooxidans</i> Isolated from Arsenic Mine Drainage (1984)

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans is found in many Alaskan and Canadian drainages contaminated by metals dissolved from placer and lode gold mines. We have examined the iron-limited growth and iron oxidation kinetics of a T. ferrooxidans isolate, AK1, by using batch and continuous cultures. Strain AK1 is an arsenic-tolerant isolate obtained from placer gold mine drainage containing large amounts of dissolved arsenic. The steady-state growth kinetics are described with equations modified for threshold ferrous iron concentrations. The maximal specific growth rate (mu(max)) for isolate AK1 at 22.5 degrees C was 0.070 h, and the ferrous iron concentration at which the half-maximal growth rate occurred (K(mu)) was 0.78 mM. Cell yields varied inversely with growth rate. The iron oxidation kinetics of this organism were dependent on biomass. We found no evidence of ferric inhibition of ferrous iron oxidation for ferrous iron concentrations between 9.0 and 23.3 mM. A supplement to the ferrous medium of 2.67 mM sodium arsenite did not result in an increased steady-state biomass, nor did it appear to affect the steady-state growth kinetics observed in continuous cultures.
A quantitative study of neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques and astrocytes in the hippocampal subdivisions and entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease, normal controls and non‐Alzheimer neuropsychiatric diseases (1998)

The present quantitative study was performed in order to discriminate pathological substrates for dementia from Alzheimer changes in normal controls (NC) and non-Alzheimer neuropsychiatric diseases (NAND). Regional densities of senile plaques (SP), neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and astrocytes in the cornu ammonis (CA), subiculum and entorhinal cortex were measured and differences in these densities among Alzheimer's disease (AD), NAND and NC were statistically compared. Densities of NFT in the CA and subiculum were significantly higher in AD than in NAND, and densities of SP in all regions were significantly higher in AD than in NAND. Similarly, NFT density in the subiculum and SP density in all regions were higher in AD than in NC. Regional densities of astrocytes in most regions were closely correlated with those of Alzheimer changes. In conclusion, the attribution of the Alzheimer changes, particularly of NFT, to dementia is neglected when they are confined to the entorhinal cortex. However, the attribution of the Alzheimer changes to dementia should be appreciated when they spread from the entorhinal cortex to the subiculum and/or CA.
Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Driving Behaviours Based on Theory of Planned Behaviour (2021)

Driving behaviour is a complex and multidisciplinary research domain, and bad driving behaviours that threaten the safety of road users should be refrained. In order to better educate, manage, and restrain driver’s behaviours, from the perspective of human factors and psychology, the present study deconstructed driving behaviours based on theory of planned behaviour (TPB) into five categories: mistakes (Mis), lapses and slips (LaS), violations (Vio), driving experience (Exp), and safety attitude and awareness (SAA). According to today’s practical traffic rules and conditions in China, a driving behaviour questionnaire was built as an analysing tool and the survey data were collected in accordance with the demographic of Chinese drivers. Furthermore, a driving behaviour analysis model contains the aforementioned categories was established by using the structural equation model (SEM). Through the path analysis results among latent variables and manifested variables, it was found that Exp has an impact on Vio and LaS, and better SAA can inhibit Vio and Mis. In conclusion, the prime aim of improving road traffic safety is to reduce Vio by means of educating and improving the drivers’ Exp and SAA. Moreover, drivers’ LaS and Mis are transition processes which should be corrected timely and prevented from continuing to evolve into Vio.
Aromatic L-amino Acid decarboxylase (AADC) Deficiency: A Case Report (2012)

AADC deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder reducing the synthesis of neurotransmitter of catecholamines and serotonin and it only affects the sympathetic autoregulation. The clinical manifestations of AADC deficiency are oculogyric crises, floppiness, athetosis, deep tendon reflex, nasal congestion, tongue thrusting, difficulty swallowing, diaphoresis, hypotention, hypoglycemia, small hands and feet, and failure to thrive etc. Anterior openbite may be a major related dental problem due to the clinical manifestations. Moreover, the decreased/absent adrenergic, noradrenergic sympathetic activity and more aggressive dental treatment should be considered in AADC deficiency patients for dental treatment under sedation or general anesthesia.
Bees, Daphnia, and Polarized Light (1960)

Peer Reviewed
Sarcoidosis (1997)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder of unknown cause that is characterized by its pathological hallmark, the noncaseating granuloma. Its presenting features are protean, ranging from asymptomatic but abnormal findings on chest radiography in many patients to progressive multiorgan failure in an unfortunate minority. The illness can be self-limited or chronic, with episodic recrudescence and remissions. Because the lungs and thoracic lymph nodes are almost always involved, most patients report acute or insidious respiratory problems, variably accompanied by symptoms affecting the skin, eyes, or other organs. The diverse manifestations of this disorder help fuel the prevailing hypothesis that sarcoidosis has more . . .
Oral leukoplakia and malignant transformation. A follow-up study of 257 patients (1984)

Two hundred fifty-seven patients with oral leukoplakia were studied and followed for an average period of 7.2 years. All lesions were more than one cm in size and had been present and observed for a minimum of 6 months. Of the initial biopsies, 235 revealed a benign hyperkeratosis and 22 others contained some degree of epithelial dysplasia. Seventy-three percent of the patients used tobacco, with cigarette usage being the predominant form. Forty-five patients (17.5%) subsequently developed squamous carcinomas in the hyperkeratotic epithelial site in an average time of 8.1 years. Eight of these malignant transformations came from patients who originally had epithelial dysplasia. High risks for malignant transformation also included non-smoking patients, the clinical presence of erythroplasia (erythroleukoplakia), and a clinical verrucous-papillary hyperkeratotic pattern. Duration of the leukoplakia progressively increased the total number of malignant transformations, with the largest rate occurring in the second year. This study confirms that oral leukoplakia is a precancerous lesion and that certain characteristics indicate greater risks and warrant consideration of more aggressive management.
On the Closure Properties of Robotic Grasping (1995)

The form-closure and force-closure properties of robotic grasp ing are investigated. Loosely speaking, these properties are related to the capability of the robot to inhibit motions of the workpiece in spite of externally applied forces. In this article, form-closure is considered as a purely geometric property of a set of unilateral (contact) constraints, such as those applied on a workpiece by a mechanical fixture, while force-closure is related to the capability of the particular robotic device being considered to apply forces through contacts. The concepts of partial form- and force-closure properties are introduced and discussed, and an algorithm is proposed to obtain a synthetic geometric description of partial form-closure constraints. Al though the literature abounds with form-closure tests, proposed algorithms for testing force-closure are either approximate or computationally expensive. This article proves the equiva lence of force-closure analysis with the study of the equilibria of an ordinary differential equation, to which Lyapunov's di rect method is applied. This observation leads to an efficient algorithm for assessing the force-closure property of the grasp.
Ketene, eine neue Körperklasse (1905)

Sitzung von Ern.0. Diels.)Verbindungen von der Constitution Rz C: CO h i d t man bislier fiir iiicht existenzfiiliig, soiidcrn man iiahin an, dass sie sich bei ilirem Eutstelien sofort polymeri~irteti, und zwar hatie W e d r k i n d I ) durch Entzieliuiig rori Salzsiurr nus Sliurechloriden init tertilren Hasen statt dieser Vet biuduugeii i n der Regel triinolekulare Polyrnerisationsproducte erbaltcn auseer brim Acetylchlorid, das ein tetramolekulares, die Ditiydrnretsaure, liefert
Growing carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition technique. (2000)

Carbon nanotubes were synthesized in the laboratory using chemical vapor deposition at different methane concentration. I found that a methane concentration of 4 sccm was ideal for well recognizable carbon nanotubes. A higher concentration led to fewer nanotube growth and silicon carbide structure. Coating the sample first with Fe(NO3)3 created a catalyst base on the substrate for the nanotube to adhere and grow on.
<i>Conference Report</i> Mineralization associated with acid magmatism and other aspects of ore geology (1978)

The first part of the title of this conference is also the title of an international group co-ordinating research in this field. This meeting was held at the request of the Group's British representatives and produced varied group of papers covering mineralization in both the volcanic and plutonic associations. It had been hoped that Dr M. Štemprok would give an opening address but, as he was unable to be present, Dr Alan Bromley kindly stepped into the breach. In a very comprehensive survey of the field he commenced with the problem of the generation of granitic magmas particularly those associated with subduction zones, because at this plate juncture we often see a zoning of metallic deposits which suggests derivation of the metals from the subduction zone, with perhaps the rising granite magmas acting only as carriers. The metals probably move as complex halide ions with, perhaps for tin, the possibility of fluoride, liberated from the breakdown of apatite, being the carrier ion. Bromley emphasized the importance of manganese nodules as carriers of many metals down the subduction zones but not of tin and tungsten. He noted that in Cornwall, joints in mineralized areas are coated with much manganese and posed the question, 'Does manganese give a broad halo useful in exploration in such areas?' Manganese nodules and the sediments of layer 1 of the oceanic crust could supply the metals of deposits in the zones nearest to the trenches. However, the genesis of tin and tungsten ores seems
Structural Basis for the Static Mechanical Properties of the Aortic Media (1964)

The arrangement and interrelation of the structural components of the rabbit aorta were studied by light and electron microscopy. Segments of abdominal aorta were restored to in vivo length and fixed in formalin or osmic acid while intraluminal pressures ranging from 0 to 200 mm Hg were maintained by a constant pressure perfusion apparatus. Transverse, longitudinal, and tangential sections of vessels fixed at various distending pressures were examined. Micrometric measurements included vessel diameters and wall thickness, thickness and waviness of elastin lamellae and interlamellar distances. With increasing pressures below the diastolic value, aortic radius increased and wall thickness decreased rapidly. Waviness of the tubular elastin lamellae decreased uniformly throughout the wall. Interlamellar distances decreased uniformly and markedly. Lamellar thicknesses decreased uniformly but much less than interlamellar distances. A fine fibrillary elastin network connected the thick lamellae. Collagen fibers showed no definite pattern of orientation. At and above diastolic pressure radius and wall thickness changed little with increasing pressures. Elastin lamellae were straight and interlamellar distances were uniform; the fibrils of the interlamellar elastin net were arranged obliquely. Collagen fibers were arranged nearly circumferentially. Collagen and elastin fibers were closely intermingled in the narrow interlamellar space but no collagen-elastin connections were obserevd. The mechanical properties and organization of the collagen and elastin components of the aortic media indicate that the wall normally functions as a "two-phase" material. At and above physiological pressures, circumferentially aligned collagen fibers of high tensile strength and relatively high modulus of elasticity bear most of the stressing force. Elastin lamellae and fibrils of relatively low modulus of elasticity distribute stressing forces uniformly. Attempts to assess the role of medial pressure and tension gradients in the pathogenesis of aortic disease must take into account the special mechanical properties of this "two-phase" material.
Ultrasonic evaluation of renal calculi (1978)

Nine patients with radiographic evidence of renal calculi were evaluated with gray scale renal ultrasonography. A characteristic "sonic shadow" caused by the calculus was adequately demonstrated in each case. This paper discusses the advantage of ultrasound in evaluating the presence of nonopaque and opaque renal stones.
A-ring substituted estrogens as inhibitors of the MXT transplantable mammary ductal carcinoma. (1987)

A-ring substituted estrogens have been examined as growth inhibitors of the hormone dependent MXT murine mammary tumor. Certain of these estrogen analogues inhibited the growth of newly implanted as well as established MXT tumors when administered either by s.c. or i.p. injections or by intubation. These compounds were nontoxic over a broad range of active levels. Amino and nitro groups, introduced at position-4 of estrone 3-methyl ether were particularly carcinostatic, a property not shared by 4-bromoestrone 3-methyl ether. In addition tumor inhibition was greatly diminished by placing the nitro group at the other ortho position (i.e., carbon-2). Evidence indicates that the A-ring substituted estrogens may function as growth inhibitors via the estrogen receptor mechanism in the case of 4-nitro- and 4-aminoestrone. The 3-methyl ethers of these compounds also blocked tumor growth, possibly through in vivo dealkylation leading to the free phenolic A-ring substituted estrogens. On the other hand, A-ring substituted 3-deoxyestrogens (particularly 4-nitro- and 4-aminoestratrien-17 beta-ol), which do not bind to receptor, were also excellent inhibitors of hormone dependent MXT breast tumors and therefore must express their activity by mechanisms other than that mediated by receptor. The A-ring substituted estrogens are unlike tamoxifen and diethylstilbestrol which (a) display toxicity at optimum inhibitory doses and (b) are inactive or marginally active in rodent breast cancer models.
Surface States Formation due to Impregnated Hydrogen at p‐Type Gallium Phosphide Electrodes with Metal Adatoms (1980)

p‐Type electrodes with and without metal adatoms showed noticeable photoresponse at wavelengths longer than the intrinsic absorption threshold, if surface states were formed by hydrogen impregnation. The formation mechanism of the surface states was analyzed and the role of metal adatoms was evaluated. The energy levels of the surface states formed are determined by analysis of the cathodic current in the dark.
Performance Enhancement of a Forwarding Layer for Mesh Networks (2010)

In this paper, we introduce our experiences with an ad hoc network and propose an enhancement to the ad hoc routing algorithm. The routing algorithm known as FLAME (Forwarding Layer for Meshing) uses in-band traffic to distribute the routing information instead of providing a separate routing protocol, which means that the routing information is delivered along with the user traffic. An ad hoc network having 4-node linear topology is formed to measure the throughput and the delay with respect to varying hops. The throughput reduces exponentially approximately by 60% for every hop increment. The delay increase approximately linearly for every hop increment. We have also compared the throughput and delay when the routing protocol is applied with those when it is not, to see how much the routing protocol deteriorates the performance for one hop link connection (since more than one hop connection always requires a routing protocol). The cause of the performance degradation for this specific routing protocol has been analyzed. We have enhanced the routing algorithm by changing the broadcast period based on the link usage and the delay has been reduced by 31% on average.
Genome analysis of MG virus, a human papovavirus (1981)

The genome of MG virus, a variant of the human papovavirus BK virus, consists of two molecules, M1 and M2, M1 and M2 have deletions which correspond to 0.33 to 0.55 map unit and 0.77 to 0.85 map unit, respectively, from the EcoRI site on the BK virus genome. Restriction enzyme analysis of the DNAs of these viruses revealed many alterations in both DNA species. Both M1 and M2 DNAs have three recognition sites for EcoRI. M1 has a single recognition site for HindIII and five sites for PvuII. M2 has a single recognition site for PuvII and three sites for HindIII. The sites of these and several other restriction enzymes on each DNA molecule were mapped after the cloning of M1 and M2 DNAs into pBR322 at their unique HindIII and PvuII sites, respectively.
SEEING CROSSWALKS IN A NEW LIGHT (2004)

The U.S. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has made improved pedestrian safety a priority and seeks to achieve a 10% reduction in pedestrian fatalities by 2007. Research staff from the FHWA Office of Safety Research and Development at the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center are investigating new ways to help reach this goal. Among the research topics under study is evaluation of countermeasures to improve safety in pedestrian crossings that are not controlled by traffic signals. This includes in-roadway warning lights in which each side of a crosswalk is lined with a series of amber lights embedded in the roadway that face oncoming traffic. The lights are visible to approaching drivers as a warning that a pedestrian is in or near the marked crosswalk. This article describes an FHWA study that examined pedestrian and driver behavior at crosswalks in Alexandria, Virginia, during daylight and dark conditions over the course of 1 year. Further evaluations will be conducted immediately before, immediately after, and 1 year after in-roadway warning lights are installed.
Copper/copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis using <i>Stachys lavandulifolia</i> and its antibacterial activity (2017)

Nanoparticles of copper/cuprous oxide (Cu/Cu 2 O) were successfully synthesised by a green chemistry route. The synthesis process was carried out using an extract of Stachys lavandulifolia as both reducing and capping agents with a facile procedure. The nanoparticles were characterised by different techniques including X‐ray diffraction, indicating that the synthesised sample comprised both copper and cuprous oxide entity. The nanoparticles had a mean size of 80 nm and represented an impressive bactericidal effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
Enhanced transmission mode selection in IEEE 802.11a WLAN system (2005)

In the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN network, link adaptation affects the goodput and energy efficiency performance. Most of the conventional link adaptation schemes are focused on the maximum goodput performance. Moreover, they do not consider the contention among multiple users. By considering the MAC layer operation, we investigate the effects of SNR and the number of users on the goodput and energy efficiency performance.
土豪，说你呢! ROG玩家国度ARES-III显卡全国首发体验 (2014)

对于咱真正的geek来说，一直奉行的是“不GEEK，毋宁死”的原则，没有个性、不够逼格的产品是绝对不用的。好吧，我承认我马上要放毒了，因为我会马上向各位真土豪隆重推荐一款真正的高逼格、有品位的钻石发烧级游戏利器——ROG玩家国度ARESⅢ显卡。由于它过于烧钱，我们建议真土豪购买，假土豪可以退散了，至于屌丝则欢迎围观。
Synthesis and cytostatic activity of 4-substituted derivatives of isoxazolyltriazenes (2003)

4-(3,3-Alkyltriazeno)-5-benzoylisoxazole-3-carboxamides hydrochloride 6a-h and 7-benzoyl-3,4-dihydroisoxazolo[4,3-d]-[1,2,3]-triazyne-4-one 10 have been synthesized from 4-diazo-5-benzoylisoxazole-3-carboxamide chloride 5. Some from the triazenes were examined for cytostatic activity in comparison with Dacarbazine.
Combinatorial search for advanced luminescence materials (1999)

Phosphors are key materials in fluorescent lighting, displays, x-ray scintillation, etc. The rapid development of modern photonic technologies, e.g., mercury-free lamps, flat panel displays, CT-detector array, etc., demands timely discovery of advanced phosphors. To this end, a combinatorial approach has been developed and applied to accelerated experimental search of advanced phosphors and scintillators. Phosphor libraries can be made in both thin film and powder form, using masking strategies and liquid dispensing systems, respectively. High-density libraries with 100 to 1000 discrete phosphor compositions on a 1"-square substrate can be made routinely. Both compositions and synthesis temperatures can be screened in a high-throughput mode. In this article, details on the existing methods of combinatorial synthesis and screening of phosphors will be reported with examples. These methods are generic tools for application of combinatorial chemistry in the discovery of other solid state materials. A few highly efficient phosphors discovered with combinatorial methods have been reproduced in bulk form and their luminescent properties measured.
On-Line Calibration of High-Response Pressure Transducers During Jet-Engine Testing (1974)

Jet engine testing is reported concerned with the effect of inlet pressure and temperature distortions on engine performance and involves the use of numerous miniature pressure transducers. Despite recent improvements in the manufacture of miniature pressure transducers, they still exhibit sensitivity change and zero-shift with temperature and time. To obtain meaningful data, a calibration system is needed to determine these changes. A system has been developed which provides for computer selection of appropriate reference pressures selected from nine different sources to provide a two- or three-point calibration. Calibrations are made on command, before and sometimes after each data point. A unique no leak matrix valve design is used in the reference pressure system. Zero-shift corrections are measured and the values are automatically inserted into the data reduction program.
Research on Hybrid Energy Storage System of Super-capacitor and Battery Optimal Allocation (2014)

– Hybrid super-capacitor and battery energy storage combine the advantages of power-type energy storage element and energy storage components, to avoid the disadvantages of a single energy storage technology, which is one of the important development direction of the energy storage technology. For energy storage applying in high-power, high-capacity and strong volatility applications, the article analyzes the composition of the total cost of the objective function in the hybrid super-capacitor and battery energy storage system entire life cycle, with regard to two decision variables - the number of each energy storage element batch and the batch of energy storage element in the objective function, proposing calculation method of energy storage component number and batch based respectively on Ragone plots and the equivalent cycle life. The example proves the effectiveness of the proposed method.