gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
“Premix”: A novel process for improved bleaching of mechanical pulps using a mixture of reductive agents (2006)

L'usine Biron de Stora Enso a Wisconsin Rapids produit du papier leger couche a partir d'un melange de PTM et de pâte mecanique. L'an dernier, l'usine est passee du blanchiment a l'hydrosulfite a un nouveau procede appele Premix pour le blanchiment des pâtes mecaniques. Selon ce procede, on ajoute directement dans le circuit de pâte un melange de produits chimiques prepares a partir de deux solutions stables, le bisulfite de sodium et le borohydrure de sodium. La presente communication donne les details du procede Premix, ainsi que les resultats des essais en laboratoire et de la performance du blanchiment en usine.
A Design Rationale for Providing IP Services Over DVB-S2 Links (2006)

This document describes a framework for the transmission of IP
datagrams over DVB-S2, the second generation standard for Digital
Video Broadcasting over Satellite. The new standard features an
improved and adaptive physical layer, as well as a new framing
structure at link level, the Generic Streams. Combined use of
adaptability and Generic Streams is expected to offer throughputs
never achieved for IP services up to now, but no standard way to carry
IP data using the specific features of DVB-S2 has been published up to
date. The present document analyzes these issues, and it identifies
the requirements for the definition of a standard interface between
the DVB-S2 link layer and an IP subnetwork.
Kagome PC fiber goes to extremes for ultrashort-pulse lasers (2014)

International audience
Synthesis and properties of a bio-based epoxy resin from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) (2015)

Based on the properties comparison between FDCA-based epoxy and TPA-based epoxy, FDCA has been regarded as an ideal renewable platform chemical for the synthesis of thermosetting resins with high performance.
Variation with composition of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>E</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>E</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mi/><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi/><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>gaps in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Zn</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Se</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>alloys (1974)

Reflectivity measurements were made to determine the variation with composition of the lowest gap ${E}_{0}$ together with its spin-orbit-split gap ${E}_{0}+{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{0}$ in $\mathrm{Zn}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ at room temperature. The variation of these gaps indicates that $\mathrm{Zn}{\mathrm{S}}_{x}{\mathrm{Se}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ is an amalgamation-type alloy, at least for these gaps, contrary to a previous suggestion of a persistence type. The bowing parameters of the ${E}_{0}$ and ${E}_{0}+{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{0}$ gaps are determined to be 0.630 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.030 and 0.596 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.023 eV, respectively. The variation with composition of the spin-orbit splitting ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{0}$ tends to be convex as in the case of $\mathrm{Zn}{\mathrm{Se}}_{x}{\mathrm{Te}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$ alloys. The negative bowing of ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{0}$ may be interpreted in terms of the virtual-crystal approximation.
Bandwidth- and Wavelength-tunable Comb Filter using PLC-based Optical Transversal Filter (2009)

We demonstrate bandwidth- and wavelength-tunable comb filters with sharp-cutoff and low-dispersion characteristics using a 16-tap PLC-based optical transversal filter. Such filters have no limitation of the wavelength-channel number owing to the cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure.
Spatial and temporal patterns of oligodendrocyte differentiation in rat cerebrum and cerebellum (1988)

Oligodendrocytes are largely generated postnatally during mammalian CNS development. We have used a variety of antibodies to label immature neuroectodermal cells and developing oligodendrocytes in several areas of the rat CNS. Antibodies included those to GD3 ganglioside, a characteristic glycolipid of immature cells; carbonic anhydrase (CA), contained primarily in oligodendrocytes; and galactocerebroside and myelin basic protein, myelin components. Several aspects of oligodendrocyte development were examined: changes in shapes of immature cells with respect to time and to location within the brain, the sequential acquisition of the various markers, and possible sites of origin and pathways of precursor cell migration. Our observations suggest that oligodendrocytes in the forebrain and cerebellum arise from cells of the subventricular zone (SVZ) adjacent to the ventricles and migrate into and through nearby white and gray matter. During maturation, there are distinct patterns of morphological changes that correlate with time, locations of the cells in the brain, and acquisition of specific markers.
Active filter power dissipation reduction using improved op amp output stage (1990)

One way the power dissipation can be reduced is to dynamically switch the voltage supply to a lower voltage supply at instants where the output waveform is also low. This approach can be implemented using parallel or stacked class-B stages and has been dubbed the 'class-G' amplifier. Class-G amplifiers have been proposed for high-power use with resistive loads, and significant improvements in power efficiency have been demonstrated. The author shows that the class-G amplifier can also be beneficially applied to low-power op amp active filter circuits where the effective load impedances on the op amps are in general complex.
Detection and Adaptive Cancellation of Heart Sound Interference in Tracheal Sounds (2006)

Heart sound is often a serious source of noise in the analysis of respiratory sounds. The interference of heart sound is important when breath sounds are analyzed, since the intensity of heart sound is 1 to 10 times greater than the intensity of breath sound. Methods to reduce heart sound interference in breath sound analysis had been suggested. However, the majority of those methods require acquisition of an additional signal and knowledge of the spectral content of heart sound. In this paper it has been proposed an algorithm for the detection and adaptive filtering of heart sounds using only the sound signal and, minimizing distortion in the respiratory sound. The main components of the power spectral density (PSD) of the filtered tracheal sound are comparable with the PSD of the original signal. The experimental results shown reduction of the heart sound interference when the adaptive filter is applied. This kind of filter could facilitate the analysis and a better interpretation of the respiratory sound during spontaneous ventilation.
High fidelity microelectromechanical system electrodynamic micro-speaker characterization (2013)

This paper deals with the heterogeneous characterization of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) electrodynamic micro-speaker. This MEMS micro-speaker consists of an optimized silicon structure based on a very light but very stiff membrane. The mobile part is suspended using soft suspension beams, also made of silicon, which enable large out-of-plane displacement. The electromagnetic motor is composed of a micro-assembly permanent ring magnet and of a deposit mobile planar coil fixed on the top of the silicon membrane. Previous publications have presented the MEMS as theoretically able to produce high fidelity and high efficiency over a wide bandwidth. The present study intends to validate the electrical, the mechanical, and the acoustic performance improvements. The characterization of the microfabricated micro-speaker showed that the electric impedance is flat over the entire audio bandwidth. Some results validates the performance improvements in terms of audio quality as compared to state of the art of the MEMS micro-speakers, such as the high out-of-plane membrane displacement over ±400 μm, the 80 dBSPL sound pressure level at 10 cm, the 2% maximal distortion level, and the useful bandwidth from 335 Hz to cutoff frequency.
Biocompatibility of NDGA‐polymerized collagen fibers. II. Attachment, proliferation, and migration of tendon fibroblasts in vitro (2001)

The material properties of collagen fibers polymerized with nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) are equivalent to native tendon, suggesting that NDGA crosslinking may provide a viable approach to stabilizing collagenous materials for use in repairing ruptured, lacerated, or surgically transected fibrous tissues, such as tendons and ligaments (Koob & Hernandez, 1). The present study evaluated the biocompatibility of these fibers with cultured bovine tendon fibroblasts. Fibroblast attachment, migration, and proliferation on NDGA-crosslinked materials were compared to those on prepolymerized type I tendon collagen constructs as well as on tissue-culture-treated plastic. Fibroblast attachment on NDGA-crosslinked collagen fibrils was equivalent to attachment on plates coated with collagen alone. Over a period of 8 days in culture, attached fibroblasts proliferated on NDGA-crosslinked collagen at a rate identical to that of fibroblasts attached to native collagen. In order for the biomaterial effectively to bridge gaps in fibrous tissues, fibroblasts must be able to migrate and replicate on the bridging fiber. Control and crosslinked fibers were inserted in calf tendon explants, with a portion of the fiber extending out of the sectioned end of the tendon. Explants were cultured for 9 weeks, and the number of cells was measured at weekly intervals. Cells appeared on the fibers after 1 week of culture. By 2 weeks, cells had colonized the entire fiber. The number of cells continued to increase throughout the 9 weeks in culture, forming a layer several cells thick. Histologic analysis indicated that the fibroblasts populating the fibers appeared to originate in the epitenon. There was no difference in the rate of fibroblast migration and replication, nor in the ultimate number of colonizing cells, between control collagen fibers and NDGA-crosslinked fibers. NDGA-crosslinked fibers may provide a means of bridging gaps in ruptured, lacerated, or surgically transected tendons by providing a mechanically competent scaffold on which tendon fibroblasts can migrate, attach, and proliferate. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 56: 40–48, 2001
Transcriptional Regulation of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> Hemagglutinin/Protease by the Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein and RpoS (2004)

Vibrio cholerae secretes a Zn-dependent metalloprotease, hemagglutinin/protease (HA/protease), which is encoded by hapA and displays a broad range of potentially pathogenic activities. Production of HA/protease requires transcriptional activation by the quorum-sensing regulator HapR. In this study we demonstrate that transcription of hapA is growth phase dependent and specifically activated in the deceleration and stationary growth phases. Addition of glucose in these phases repressed hapA transcription by inducing V. cholerae to resume exponential growth, which in turn diminished the expression of a rpoS-lacZ transcriptional fusion. Contrary to a previous observation, we demonstrate that transcription of hapA requires the rpoS-encoded sigma(s) factor. The cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP) strongly enhanced hapA transcription in the deceleration phase. Analysis of rpoS and hapR mRNA in isogenic CRP+ and CRP- strains suggested that CRP enhances the transcription of rpoS and hapR. Analysis of strains containing hapR-lacZ and hapA-lacZ fusions confirmed that hapA is transcribed in response to concurrent quorum-sensing and nutrient limitation stimuli. Mutations inactivating the stringent response regulator RelA and the HapR-controlled AphA regulator did not affect HA/protease expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift experiments showed that pure cAMP-CRP and HapR alone do not bind the hapA promoter. This result suggests that HapR activation of hapA differs from its interaction with the aphA promoter and could involve additional factors.
[TP53 tumor suppressor gene: 20 years (and ten thousand mutations) later]. (2000)

Cela commence comme un roman d’Alexandre Dumas. En 1979, la proteine p53 est simultanement decouverte, ou plus exactement, correctement identifiee, par quatre equipes : trois mousquetaires anglo-saxons, Franck McCormick, David Lane et Arnold Levine, et un d’Artagnan bien francais, Pierre May [1]. Vingt ans apres, la litterature mondiale sur p53 represente un corpus de pres de 200 000 pages de journaux, monographies ou traites scientifiques, et personne au monde ne peut se targuer d’en avoir lu plus de la moitie. Au moment ou cet immense chantier scientifique s’eparpille en une multitude de champs de fouille specialises, cet article tente de dresser un bilan d’une fascinante plongee au cœur des bases moleculaires du cancer, dont les principales etapes sont resumees dans le tableau I. En effet, au fil des ans, la proteine p53 s’est imposee comme un acteur essentiel de l’interconnexion entre division cellulaire et maintien de l’integrite du genome. A ce titre, elle represente pour les chercheurs un fil d’Ariane dans l’exploration du labyrinthe moleculaire que constituent les voies complexes de l’arret du cycle cellulaire, de l’apoptose, de la differenciation, de la senescence et de la reparation de l’ADN. Pour une approche detaillee de la litterature sur p53, je renvoie le lecteur a plusieurs revues recentes et detaillees [2-5]. p53, un « poids lourd » de la cancerogenese moleculaire Premier critere pour apprecier l’impact de p53 : le poids. La p53 « pese » aujourd’hui 17 000 publications referencees dans Medline, loin devant d’autres megastars moleculaires telles que Ras, Myc, Rb, p16Ink4a ou NFkB. La raison de ce succes est simple : le gene TP53 (MIM 191170, chromosome 17p13.1) est celui le plus souvent altere dans les cancers humains. Conformement au dogme definissant les genes suppresseurs de tumeurs, ces alterations sont souvent des pertes d’alleles. Toutefois, TP53 se distingue des autres suppresseurs par la frequence exceptionnelle des mutations ponctuelles entrainant le remplacement d’un acide amine par un autre (mutations faux sens). Aujourd’hui, sur les quelque 12 000 mutations ponctuelles recensees dans les cancers, plus de 10 000 sont des mutations faux sens. Cet ensemble de mutations constitue la plus grande banque de donnees a ce jour sur les variations d’un gene humain [6, 7].
PRAM-a power ramping controller for TDMA systems in digital mobile telecom applications (2002)

Modern digital cellular or cordless telephone standards like GSM or DECT share frequency bands among several users by time division multiple access (TDMA). This approach necessitates the power amplifier being rapidly ramped up and down for transmit bursts. To balance the trade-off between quick turn-on and turnoff and spurious spectral emissions, the recommendations define strict templates into which the output power must fit. This integrated circuit is fabricated in a standard CMOS technology with self-aligned contacts for all control functions for RF power amplifiers in bipolar or GaAs technology for the GSM, DCS1800 or PCN1900 standards. The device may be used as a stand alone component but can also be included on a VLSI as a library block.
Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Differentiate to 3D Glandular Acini on Basement Membrane Matrix (2010)

To create a model system that investigates mechanisms resulting in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of respiratory tract submucosal glands, we developed an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) system wherein normal human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells differentiated into glandular acini when grown on a basement membrane matrix. The differentiation of primary HBE cells into glandular acini was monitored temporally by light microscopy. Apoptosis-induced lumen formation was observed by immunofluorescence analysis. The acinar cells expressed and secreted MUC5B mucin (marker for glandular mucous cells) and lysozyme, lactoferrin, and zinc-α2-glycoprotein (markers for glandular serous cells) at Day 22. β-Tubulin IV, a marker for ciliated cells, was not detected. Expression of mucous and serous cell markers in HBE glandular acini demonstrated that HBE cells grown on a basement membrane matrix differentiated into acini that exhibit molecular characteristics of respiratory tract glandular acinar cells. Inhibition studies with neutralizing antibodies resulted in a marked decrease in size of the spheroids at Day 7, demonstrating that laminin (a major component of the basement membrane matrix), the cell surface receptor integrin α6, and the cell junction marker E-cadherin have functional roles in HBE acinar morphogenesis. No significant variability was detected in the average size of glandular acini formed by HBE cells from two normal individuals. These results demonstrated that this in vitro model system is reproducible, stable, and potentially useful for studies of glandular differentiation and hyperplasia.
A micro-capacitive pressure sensor design and modelling (2016)

Abstract. Measuring air pressure using a capacitive pressure sensor is a robust and precise technique. In addition, a system that employs such transducers lies within the low power consumption applications such as wireless sensor nodes. In this article a high sensitivity with an elliptical diaphragm capacitive pressure sensor is proposed. This design was compared with a circular diaphragm in terms of thermal stresses and pressure and temperature sensitivity. The proposed sensor is targeted for tyre pressure monitoring system application. Altering the overlapping area between the capacitor plates by decreasing the effective capacitance area to improve the overall sensitivity of the sensor (ΔC ∕ C), temperature sensitivity, and built-up stresses is also examined in this article. Theoretical analysis and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to study pressure and temperature effects on the behaviour of the proposed capacitive pressure sensor. A MEMS (micro electro-mechanical systems) manufacturing processing plan for the proposed capacitive sensor is presented. An extra-low power short-range wireless read-out circuit suited for energy harvesting purposes is presented in this article. The developed read-out circuitry was tested in terms of sensitivity and transmission range.
A simple colony blot procedure for Neurospora (1989)

This regular paper is available in Fungal Genetics Reports: https://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol36/iss1/6
Increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels block progression but not initiation of human T cell proliferation. (1990)

The involvement of cyclic nucleotides in the regulation of cell growth is well established as are the findings that sustained high levels of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) inhibit ligand-induced lymphocyte proliferation. However, there is considerable controversy concerning the precise role of cAMP in this regard or the target of its action. A number of studies with cAMP analogs or forskolin have implicated the early events after ligand binding as being particularly susceptible whereas others have failed to do so or offered alternate targets. We have examined the effects of cell permeant analogs of cAMP and forskolin on human T cell proliferation. After brief exposure to submitogenic concentrations of PHA or phorbol ester plus ionomycin, we have examined the effects of increased cAMP levels during initial activation (or induction of competence) and progression to DNA synthesis. We find that these drugs that inhibit T cell proliferation have little effect on induction of competence or early activation events including transmembrane Ca2+ uptake, release of Ca2+ from internal stores or induction of the genes encoding c-fos or early growth response gene. In contrast, it is the progression phase of the proliferative response which appears to be the major target for cAMP-protein kinase A-mediated inhibition of human T cell proliferation.
A power primer (2007)

One possible reason for the continued neglect of statistical power analysis in research in the behavioral sciences is the inaccessibility of or difficulty with the standard material. A convenient, although not comprehensive, presentation of required sample sizes is provided. Effect-size indexes and conventional values for these are given for operationally defined small, medium, and large effects. The sample sizes necessary for .80 power to detect effects at these levels are tabled for 8 standard statistical tests: (1) the difference between independent means, (2) the significance of a product-moment correlation, (3) the difference between independent rs, (4) the sign test, (5) the difference between independent proportions, (6) chi-square tests for goodness of fit and contingency tables, (7) 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and (8) the significance of a multiple or multiple partial correlation.
THE KAOLIN MINERALS <sup>1</sup> (1930)

ABSTRACT A report of an investigation of the clay minerals, nacrite, diekite, and kaolinite is presented in which the methods of study are explained. The optical and physical properties, chemical composition, and X‐ray studies of these kaolin minerals are discussed and the results of the study are outlined.
Palmitoylation State Impacts Induction of Innate and Acquired Immunity by the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium <i>msbB</i> Mutant (2011)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), composed of lipid A, core, and O-antigen, is a major virulence factor of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, with lipid A being a major stimulator to induce the proinflammatory response via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MD2-CD14 pathway. While Salmonella msbB mutants lacking the myristate chain in lipid A were investigated widely as an anticancer vaccine, inclusion of the msbB mutation in a Salmonella vaccine to deliver heterologous antigens has not yet been investigated. We introduced the msbB mutation alone or in combination with mutations in other lipid A acyl chain modification genes encoding PagL, PagP, and LpxR into wild-type S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The msbB mutation reduced virulence, while the pagL, pagP, and lpxR mutations did not affect virulence in the msbB mutant background when administered orally to BALB/c mice. Also, all mutants exhibited sensitivity to polymyxin B but did not display sensitivity to deoxycholate. LPS derived from msbB mutants induced less inflammatory responses in human Mono Mac 6 and murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells in vitro. However, an msbB mutant did not decrease the induction of inflammatory responses in mice compared to the levels induced by the wild-type strain, whereas an msbB pagP mutant induced less inflammatory responses in vivo. The mutations were moved to an attenuated Salmonella vaccine strain to evaluate their effects on immunogenicity. Lipid A modification caused by the msbB mutation alone and in combination with pagL, pagP, and lpxR mutations led to higher IgA production in the vaginal tract but still retained the same IgG titer level in serum to PspA, a test antigen from Streptococcus pneumoniae, and to outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from Salmonella.