gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ex vivo manipulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (2009)

Approaches to manipulate peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) ex vivo currently include the selection of CD34+ cells as a means to purge contaminating tumor cells from leukapheresis preparations or to provide a homogeneous starting population for the expansion of hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as the induction of postprogenitor cells of either the myeloid or megakaryocytic lineage. The latter cell populations might be used for an additional transplantation together with PBPC to possibly shorten the period of aplasia. In addition, ex vivo expansion of CD34+ cells can be used to generate autologous tumor-antigen-presenting dendritic cells for immunotherapeutic approaches aiming to treat minimal residual disease following high-dose chemotherapy.
Vibrotactile display for mobile applications based on dielectric elastomer stack actuators (2010)

Dielectric elastomer stack actuators (DESA) offer the possibility to build actuator arrays at very high density. The driving voltage can be defined by the film thickness, ranging from 80 μm down to 5 μm and driving field strength of 30 V/μm. In this paper we present the development of a vibrotactile display based on multilayer technology. The display is used to present several operating conditions of a machine in form of haptic information to a human finger. As an example the design of a mp3-player interface is introduced. To build up an intuitive and user friendly interface several aspects of human haptic perception have to be considered. Using the results of preliminary user tests the interface is designed and an appropriate actuator layout is derived. Controlling these actuators is important because there are many possibilities to present different information, e.g. by varying the driving parameters. A built demonstrator is used to verify the concept: a high recognition rate of more than 90% validates the concept. A characterization of mechanical and electrical parameters proofs the suitability of dielectric elastomer stack actuators for the use in mobile applications.
Prospects for universal geothermal energy from heat mining (1994)

The extraction of heat or thermal energy from the Earth—heat mining—has the potential to play a major role as an energy supply technology for the 21st century. However, even if reservoir productivity goals are achieved, the role of heat mining with today's energy prices and development costs is limited to only a small fraction of the Earth's surface. A generalized multi‐parameter economic model was developed for optimizing the design and performance of hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal systems. Key technical and institutional obstacles to universal heat mining are discussed in a more general context. Advanced concepts in drilling technology are reviewed in light of their potential impact on overcoming some of these obstacles to universal heat mining
Novel surface-wave antenna (1996)

A circular array of a large number of electrically short vertical dipoles of which only two are driven is described and analysed. The relevant parameters include the length and radius of the identical elements, the distance between adjacent elements and their number. A judicious choice of the parameters can establish one of many possible resonant modes for the current amplitude distribution around the array and generate a horizontally omnidirectional field pattern with very high vertical directivity. Applications as a surface-wave generator are discussed. Although the array is not a broadband device, the possibility of operating at several discrete frequencies using the same construction may be an advantage for some applications.
An Oriented Peptide Array Library (OPAL) Strategy to Study Protein-Protein Interactions (2004)

One of the major questions in signal transduction is how the specificities of protein-protein interactions determine the assembly of distinct signaling complexes in response to stimuli. Several peptide library methods have been developed and widely used to study protein-protein interactions. These approaches primarily rely on peptide or DNA sequencing to identify the peptide or consensus motif for binding and may prove too costly or difficult to accommodate high throughput applications. We report here an oriented peptide array library (OPAL) approach that should facilitate high throughput proteomic analysis of protein-protein interactions. OPAL integrates the principles of both the oriented peptide libraries and array technologies. Hundreds of pools of oriented peptide libraries are synthesized as amino acid scan arrays. We demonstrate that these arrays can be used to map the specificities of a variety of interactions, including antibodies, protein domains such Src homology 2 domains, and protein kinases.
Flavokawains A and B in Kava, Not Dihydromethysticin, Potentiate Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in C57BL/6 Mice (2014)

Anxiolytic kava products have been associated with rare but severe hepatotoxicity in humans. This adverse potential has never been captured in animal models, and the responsible compound(s) remains to be determined. The lack of such knowledge greatly hinders the preparation of a safer kava product and limits its beneficial applications. In this study we evaluated the toxicity of kava as a single entity or in combination with acetaminophen (APAP) in C57BL/6 mice. Kava alone revealed no adverse effects for long-term usage even at a dose of 500 mg/kg bodyweight. On the contrary a three-day kava pretreatment potentiated APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, resulted in an increase in serum ALT and AST, and increased severity of liver lesions. Chalcone-based flavokawains A (FKA) and B (FKB) in kava recapitulated its hepatotoxic synergism with APAP while dihydromethysticin (DHM, a representative kavalactone and a potential lung cancer chemopreventive agent) had no such effect. These results, for the first time, demonstrate the hepatotoxic risk of kava and its chalcone-based FKA and FKB in vivo and suggest that herb-drug interaction may account for the rare hepatotoxicity associated with anxiolytic kava usage in humans.
Proposals of call modeling for intelligent network over broadband ISDN (2002)

Over the last few years, significant efforts have been made to establish the standards and generic guidelines for B-ISDN and IN. It is now strongly expected that the advanced services based on IN over B-ISDN will be introduced. The objective of this paper is to propose a basic concept for the realization of IN over B-ISDN from the standpoint of call modeling in SSF/CCF. Two primary proposals are made: (i) only a single relationship be needed between IN service logic and B-ISDN basic call control; (ii) a new basic call state model (BCSM) be defined in the B-ISDN "call" handling to allow a consistent and simple service control of a call by unifying call processings on both originating and terminating portions, instead of defining it based on the separated O.
Reliable Real-Time Applications on Android OS (2010)

Abstract – The Android operating system (OS) is widely used within several types of embedded &amp; mobile platforms, including mobile phones and tablets, and the industry is exploring the ability of Android within other embedded platforms, i.e., automotive or military, that require real-time guarantees and the ability to meet deadlines as a pre-requisite for reliable operation. In this paper, we present preliminary conclusions on Android’s real-time behavior based on experimental measurements performed on a commercially available Android platform. Dalvik VM makes full use of Linux for memory management and multi-threading, which is intrinsic in the Java language. The Application Framework provides many higher-level services to applications in the form of Java classes. This will vary in its facilities from one implementation to another. Index Terms – Android OS, Realtime Software, OMAP I.
Iron complexes of pyridylimidazole derivatives (1977)

Complexes of iron(II) with 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole (pbi) and 2-(6- methyl-2-pyridyl)benzimidazole (mpbi) have been characterized. [Fe(pbi)3] [BF4]2 undergoes a temperature-induced spin transition the course of which is determined by the extent of hydration. [Fe(mpbi)3] [ClO4]2 is high-spin and the differences in the properties of the two complexes are correlated with electronic spectral data. [Fe(pbi)2(CN)2] is low-spin. Iron(III) complexes of deprotonated pbi and 2-(2- pyridyl)imidazole (pyim), [Fe(pbi-H)3] and [Fe(pyim-H)3], result when the cationic iron(II) complexes are treated with base. Magnetic and Mossbauer effect data show that these complexes, which display strong p ? t2 charge-transfer absorption, are low-spin.
'A way of struggle': reformations and affirmations of E. P. Thompson's class analysis in the light of postmodern theories of language. (1997)

This paper is an analysis of the role of language in historical class formation in light of the recent developments in postmodern social theory and historiography. Revisionists from within this perspective have questioned if not abandoned E. P. Thompson's class struggle analysis, arguing that he fails to account for the constitutive character of language in the construction of collective identities. They oppose his account of the making of the English working class with alternative histories emphasizing populist and other non-class identities. Drawing on the Bakhtin Circle of literary studies, and returning to Thompson's own writings, I argue that we can incorporate language into class struggle analysis as a critical mediating force. I maintain that class struggle occurs largely within a hegemonic discursive formation, and that class consciousness and identity thus in part are formed through counter-hegemonic strategies of resistance to ideological domination. To illustrate this theory I analyse the role of language in the class struggles of the silk weavers of the Spitalfields district in London in the 1820s. I analyse how the silk weavers articulated a class consciousness through their counter-hegemonic struggles with the large capitalists and the language of political economy.
New Studies in Polymerization (1928)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
Kotlin coroutines: design and implementation (2021)

Asynchronous programming is having its “renaissance” moment in recent years. Created in the 1980s, it was in use for quite some time, but with the advent of multi-core processors, it has been sidestepped by multi-threaded programming, which was (for a long time) the de facto standard of performing concurrent computations. However, since the 2000s, more and more programming languages have begun to include the support for asynchronous programming, some built around asynchronicity from the start, others including it later in their evolution.
Integration of thermal and visible imagery for robust foreground detection in tele-immersive spaces (2008)

Abstract- Tele-immersive systems are designed to facilitate communication and collaboration between people. Therefore, the central objects of interest in a tele-immersive system are these people, the things they jointly manipulate, and the tools they need to perform this manipulation. This paper presents a multi-modal image fusion framework to detect these objects of interest. Experimental results with a prototype tele-immersive system show that fusion of visible and thermal imagery enables robust foreground detection in unstructured environments. The contribution of this work lies in designing the integration framework, prototyping hardware and software components, and evaluating quantitatively the multi-modal foreground detection for a set of standard scenarios.
Design of Data Collection System Based on CAN Field Bus (2005)

A low-cost plan for data collection system was introduced based on characteristics of CAN field bus technique, with overall structure of the system presented. The principle of hardware and method of software designing were explained. It indicates through the test that the system is simple and highly reliable, having improved the integrated degree of control testing system to answer for the data communications between the PC and the test system, which can be broadly used in distributed control system.
A closed-form solution to bearings-only target motion analysis (1997)

Bearings-only target motion analysis is a nonlinear state estimation problem in which the noise corrupted angle of arrival measurements of an emitted signal are used to obtain estimates of the source's range, bearing, course, and speed. The estimation process is complicated by unusual observability properties that render the quality of the estimate highly dependent on both the measurement noise levels and the source-observer geometry. Solutions that use recursive Kalman filtering approach or batch-style algorithms have been reported. The nonlinear batch style estimators for this process require iterative solution methods and under certain scenarios can be sensitive to initial conditions. Pseudolinear solutions that alleviate some of the difficulties with the iterative batch algorithms have been proposed. Although early versions of the pseudolinear filter suffered from biased estimates, subsequent improvements appear to have reduced the bias problem. This paper discusses a new pseudolinear solution based on the observable parameters from individual data segments defined by periods of constant observer velocity (termed "legs"). This solution is a true closed-form solution to the bearings-only target motion analysis problem. Although theoretically interesting, the technique does suffer under conditions of poor observability. A practical pseudolinear estimate, that does not suffer from the same observability problems, is developed and related to the first solution. Algorithm performance results, obtained from computer simulation, are presented. For the scenarios examined, the technique provides good state estimates under conditions of high observability. As observability conditions deteriorate, the solution does develop biases. However, it may still be useful for initializing an iterative nonlinear batch-style estimation algorithm.
Wafer-scale monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub>grown by chemical vapor deposition using a reaction of MoO<sub>3</sub>and H<sub>2</sub>S (2016)

Monolayer MoS2 nanosheets are potentially useful in optoelectronics, photoelectronics, and nanoelectronics due to their flexibility, mechanical strength, and direct band gap of 1.89 eV. Experimentalists have studied the synthesis of MoS2 using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods in an effort to fabricate wafer-scale nanofilms with a high uniformity and continuity for practical electronic applications. In this work, we applied the CVD method to a reaction of MoO3 powder and H2S gas to grow high-quality polycrystalline monolayer MoS2 sheets with unprecedented uniformity over an area of several centimeters. The monolayer MoS2 was characterized using Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The top-gate field-effect transistor prepared with a 30 nm HfO2 capping layer displayed an electrical mobility of 1 cm(2) v(-1) s(-1) and an I on/off of ~10(5). This method paves the way for the development of practical devices with MoS2 monolayers and advances fundamental research.
Wavelet estimation of time series regression with long memory processes (2006)

This paper studies the estimation of time series regression when both regressors and disturbances have long memory. In contrast with the frequency domain estimation as in Robinson and Hidalgo (1997), we propose to estimate the same regression model with discrete wavelet transform (DWT) of the original series. Due to the approximate de-correlation property of DWT, the transformed series can be estimated using the traditional least squares techniques. We consider both the ordinary least squares and feasible generalized least squares estimator. Finite sample Monte Carlo simulation study is performed to examine the relative efficiency of the wavelet estimation. * I am really grateful to Yanqin Fan for guidance and comments, and to Robert Taylor and two anonymous referees for valuable comments. All the errors are the author’s.
Write-back aware shared last-level cache management for hybrid main memory (2016)

Hybrid main memory with both DRAM and emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) becomes a promising solution for high performance and energy-efficient embedded systems. Cache plays an important role and highly affects the number of write backs to NVM and DRAM blocks. However, existing cache policies fail to fully address the significant asymmetry between NVM operations (especially writes) and DRAM operations, leading to non-optimal system designs. We propose a write-back aware last-level cache management scheme for the hybrid main memory, which improves the cache hit ratio of NVM memory blocks and minimizes write-backs to NVM. Experimental results show that our proposed framework leads to better performance and energy saving compared with the state-of-the-art cache management scheme for hybrid main memory architecture.
Eight-year follow-up of the 90,000-person Haimen City cohort: I. Hepatocellular carcinoma mortality, risk factors, and gender differences. (2002)

In an 8-year follow-up of a prospective cohort study in Haimen City, China, we sought to identify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk factors in addition to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Two cohorts of adults between ages 25 and 64 years at study entry were followed from 1992-1993 to 2000. The male cohort included 58,545 men, 15.0% of whom were HBV carriers. The female cohort included 25,340 women, 10.7% of whom were HBV carriers. 434,718 person-years of follow-up were accumulated, and 1092 deaths from HCC occurred. The relationship of potential risk factors measured at study entry to HCC mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. For males, HCC mortality was significantly associated with HBV infection [relative risk (RR) 18.8; 95% confidence interval (CI), 15.7-22.5], history of acute hepatitis (RR, 2.3; 95% CI, 2.0-2.7), family history of HCC (RR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.9-2.7), and occupation as a peasant (RR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.3-1.8). For females, HCC mortality was significantly associated with HBV infection (RR, 33.5; 95% CI, 17.1-65.5) and acute hepatitis history (RR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.0-7.5). HCC risk was not significantly associated with alcohol consumption, water source, or staple foods in either sex. There was no association with smoking in males, but there was a positive association for females. Environmental and genetic risk factors besides HBV infection play a significant role in HCC mortality in this extremely high-risk population. Gender differences in HCC mortality and known risk factors are substantial and warrant further study. Identification of risk factors amenable to intervention should be a high priority in the prevention of HCC.
Interactions for Untangling Messy History in a Computational Notebook (2018)

Experimentation through code is central to data scientists' work. Prior work has identified the need for interaction techniques for quickly exploring multiple versions of the code and the associated outputs. Yet previous approaches that provide history information have been challenging to scale: real use produces a high number of versions of different code and non-code artifacts with dependency relationships and a convoluted mix of different analysis intents. Prior work has found that navigating these records to pick out the relevant information for a given task is difficult and time consuming. We introduce Verdant, a new system with a novel versioning model to support fast retrieval and sensemaking of messy version data. Verdant provides light-weight interactions for comparing, replaying, and tracing relationships among many versions of different code and non-code artifacts in the editor. We implemented Verdant into Jupyter Notebooks, and validated the usability of Verdant's interactions through a usability study.
Stereoselectivity of isozyme C of glutathione S-transferase toward arene and azaarene oxides (1983)

Three of the isozymes of glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) from rat liver (isozymes A, B, and C) catalyze the addition of glutathione to phenanthrene 9, 10-oxide with varying degrees of efficiency and stereoselectivity. Isozyme C is 2-fold and 35-fold more efficient toward this substrate than are isozymes A and B, respectively, and gives a 20 to 1 ratio of the two possible diastereomeric products. The stereoselectivities of isozymes A (approximately 1 to 1) and B (3 to 1) are considerably lower. The major product diastereomer from isozyme C is deduced to have the 9S, 10S absolute configuration by circular dichroism spectroscopy, implying attack of glutathione on the oxirane carbon on R absolute configuration. Isozyme C shows little kinetic discrimination between other K-region arene oxides such as pyrene 4,5-oxide and the enantiomers of benz[a]anthracene 5,6-oxide and benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide. However, the stereoselectivity toward all the substrates is conserved with predominant (greater than 95%) attack at the oxirane carbon of R absolute configuration to give the S,S product. The stereoselectivity of isozyme C is very sensitive to the introduction and location of nitrogen substitution in the phenyl rings of phenanthrene 9,10-oxide. As a result isozyme C shows little or no stereoselectivity toward 4,5-diaza- and 4-azaphenanthrene 9,10-oxide. In contrast, 1-azaphenanthrene 9,10-oxide is attacked preferentially at the R carbon of the oxirane. The results suggest that hydrophobic interactions between the enzyme surface and the substrate distal to the oxirane ring are important in determining the stereoselectivity of the enzyme toward arene oxides.
Anti‐α3 integrin antibody induces the activated form of matrix metalloprotease‐2 (MMP‐2) with concomitant stimulation of invasion through matrigel by human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (1997)

Proteolytic enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), play a pivotal role in cancer invasion and metastasis. Invasive human rhabdomyosarcoma cells (RD) secreted proMMP-2 (72-kDa progelatinase). We found that anti-α3 and -α2 integrin antibodies induced the activated form of MMP-2 and enhanced proMMP-2 secretion by RD cells. The effect of anti-α2 integrin antibody was less prominent than that seen with anti-α3 integrin antibody. Moreover, we have found that anti-α3 and -α2 integrin antibodies enhanced RD-cell invasion through matrigel (reconstituted basement membrane) by 2.6-and 2.0-fold respectively this process was abrogated by neutralizing antibody to MMP-2. These data suggest that signaling events induced by anti-α3 integrin antibody may be involved in RD-cell invasion as a result of modulation of matrix-metalloprotease expression. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.