gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Technological Breakthroughs in Growth Control of Silicon Carbide for High Power Electronic Devices (2004)

Technological breakthroughs in growth control of SiC are reviewed. Step-controlled epitaxy by using off-axis SiC {0001} substrates to grow high-quality epitaxial layer is explained in detail. The introduction of substrate off-angles brings step-flow growth, which easily makes polytype replication of SiC at rather low temperatures. Off-angle dependence, rate-determining processes, and temperature dependence of growth rate are discussed. Prediction, whether step-flow growth or two-dimensional nucleation does occur, is given as a function of off-angle, growth temperature, and growth rate. Optical and electrical properties of undoped epitaxial layers are characterized. Impurity doping during the growth is explained. Recent progresses in peripheral technologies for realization of power electronic devices, such as bulk growth, epitaxial growth, ion implantation, MOS interface, ohmic contacts, are introduced. Finally application to high-power electronic devices is briefly described.
Synthesis structure and pharmacological activity of acyl 2 naphthyl acetic acids and their derivatives (1984)

La synthese s'effectue a partir du naphtaleneacetate-2 de methyle par reaction de Friedel Crafts (AlCl 3 -chlorure d'acyle)
Medical Nanorobot Architecture Based on Nanobioelectronics (2007)

This work describes an innovative medical nanorobot architecture based on important discoveries in nanotechnology, integrated circuit patents, and some publications, directly or indirectly related to one of the most challenging new fields of science: molecular machines. Thus, the architecture described in this paper reflects, and is supported by, some remarkable recent achievements and patents in nanoelectronics, wireless communication and power transmission techniques, nanotubes, lithography, biomedical instrumentation, genetics, and photonics. We also describe how medicine can benefit from the joint development of nanodevices which are derived, and which integrate techniques, from artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, and embedded smart sensors. Teleoperated surgical procedures, early disease diagnosis, and pervasive patient monitoring are some possible applications of nanorobots, reflecting progress along a roadmap for the gradual and practical development of nanorobots. To illustrate the described nanorobot architecture, a computational 3D approach with the application of nanorobots for diabetes is simulated using clinical data. Theoretical and practical analysis of system integration modeling is one important aspect for supporting the rapid development in the emerging field of nanotechnology. This provides useful directions for further research and development of medical nanorobotics and suggests a time frame in which nanorobots may be expected to be available for common utilization in therapeutic and medical procedures.
Highly reliable 40 mW, 25 GHz × 20 ch thermally tunable DFB laser module integrated with wavelength monitor (2002)

We developed a thermally tunable DFB laser module integrated with a wavelength monitor. We achieved PMF coupled power > 40mW, 25GHz × 20 ch tunabily, extremely small wavelength drift < +/-1 25GHz and lower TEC power consumption < 5W with very promising aging data.
Schistosoma mansoni adult microsomal antigens, a serologic reagent. II. Specificity of antibody responses to the S. mansoni microsomal antigen (MAMA). (1983)

The purified Schistosoma mansoni adult microsomal antigen, MAMA, was used in the quantitative single-tube kinetic dependent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (k-ELISA) to measure antibody levels of various human patient sera. The 511 serum specimens tested were from patients with both homologous and heterologous infections. Sera from U.S., Egyptian, Brazilian, and Puerto Rican patients infected with S. mansoni reacted strongly with MAMA. Chinese patients infected with S. japonicum, and Nigerians or Egyptians infected with S. haematobium produced much lower responses to this antigen than those infected with S. mansoni. Sera from patients with echinococcosis, filariasis, paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, trichinosis, amebiasis, and hepatitis and from healthy uninfected control individuals generally contained no detectable antibodies against this antigen. The S. mansoni adult microsomal antigen, MAMA, therefore, appears to be a highly potent and specific reagent for the serodiagnosis of S. mansoni infections.
Motile Flagellum with a "3 + 0" Ultrastructure (1980)

The male gamete of the parasitic protozoan Diplauxis hatti has a flagellum consisting of three doublet microtubules. This flagellum exhibits a helicoidal waveform in which bends propagate toward the tip with a frequency of about 1.5 hertz. It is the simplest motile eukaryotic flagellum yet described.
Driver-Input Sensor Selection and Topologies for Fault-Tolerant Drive-By-Wire Applications (2005)

Drive-by-wire applications, such as brake-by-wire, steer-bywire and throttle-by-wire, are becoming increasingly popular in the automotive industry. This work examines different sensors for driver-input systems for Drive-by-wire, as well as the integration of these sensors to achieve the fault-tolerance necessary for such safety-critical applications. A pedal test bed is constructed for studying the integration of similar and dissimilar sensors. Two sensor integration topologies involving multiple sensors, similar and dissimilar, are proposed to demonstrate different possibilities of fault-tolerant systems. The merits and limitations of both systems when coping with sensor and mechanical faults and failures are presented.
Are the PRC BITs Applicable to China's Special Administrative Regions？In Consideration of the Sanum v. Laos case (2016)

After Tza
Head‐to‐Tail Peptide Cyclodimerization by Copper‐Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition (2005)

Ringe aus der Kupferschmiede: Auf Polystyrol verankerte Oligopeptide mit Azid- und Alkin-Endgruppen cyclodimerisieren selektiv in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)-Ionen (siehe Schema; Prot=Schutzgruppe).
Optimization of a distillation column with a direct vapor recompression heat pump (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOptimization of a distillation column with a direct vapor recompression heat pumpJosep A. Ferre, Francesc Castells, and Joaquin FloresCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1985, 24, 1, 128–132Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200028a023https://doi.org/10.1021/i200028a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views756Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
An improved primary human nasal cell culture for the simultaneous determination of transepithelial transport and ciliary beat frequency (2009)

A new system was developed which offers possibilities as a fast screening tool for studying the potential of compounds for nasal drug administration, since permeability and a possible cilio-toxic effect can be assessed simultaneously.
<i>ZEMa</i>, a member of a novel group of MADS box genes, is alternatively spliced in maize endosperm (1995)

The identification of a number of cis-elements which direct gene expression in maize endosperm, and the characterization of corresponding DNA binding proteins, point to the interaction of different classes of transcription factors in this tissue. To assess whether MADS box genes are also involved in maize endosperm development, cDNA and genomic MADS box clones have been isolated. The three cDNA clones ZEM1, ZEM2 and ZEM3 were cloned from a maize endosperm cDNA library using a probe based on sequences conserved in plant MADS box genes. Further transcripts were cloned by RT-PCR experiments and designated ZEM4 and ZEM5. Analysis of the corresponding genomic clones led to the identification of the ZEM2 MADS box gene family, three members of which were characterized sharing 97% sequence identity in corresponding domains. 100% sequence identities between cDNA and one of the genomic clones, conserved exon-intron boundaries and the demonstration of in vivo splicing in a maize endosperm transient expression system, show that the transcripts ZEM1-5 are derived by alternative splicing of ZEMa, one ZEM2 member. The ZEMa transcripts are present in almost all maize tissues, but specific differentially spliced forms accumulate preferentially in maturing endosperm and leaf. The function of the ZEMa gene is discussed in the light of similarities in the expression pattern with members of the human MEF2/RSRF gene family.
3D‐Printed Transparent Glass (2017)

Silica inks are developed, which may be 3D printed and thermally processed to produce optically transparent glass structures with sub-millimeter features in forms ranging from scaffolds to monoliths. The inks are composed of silica powder suspended in a liquid and are printed using direct ink writing. The printed structures are then dried and sintered at temperatures well below the silica melting point to form amorphous, solid, transparent glass structures. This technique enables the mold-free formation of transparent glass structures previously inaccessible using conventional glass fabrication processes.
A power macromodeling technique based on power sensitivity (1998)

In this paper, we propose a novel power macromodeling technique for high level power estimation based on power sensitivity. Power sensitivity defines the change in average power due to changes in the input signal specification. The contribution of this work is that we can use only a few points to construct a complicated power surface in the specification-space. With such a power surface, we can easily obtain the power dissipation under any distribution of primary inputs. The advantages of our technique are two-fold. First, the required parameters corresponding to each representative point can be efficiently obtained by only one symbolic power estimation run or by only one Monte Carlo based statistical power estimation process. This stems from the fact that power sensitivity can be obtained as a by-product of probabilistic or statistical power estimation runs. Second, the memory requirements for the macromodel are reduced to O(dn), where n is the number of primary inputs of a circuit and d is the number of representative points (d can be as small as 1 in some cases). Results on a number of benchmark circuits demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique.
Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of a sinus lift operation using reoxidised cellulose (Surgicel<sup>R</sup>) as graft material (2001)

Various materials have been used for bone grafts in the sinus lift operation, to increase the vertical bone height in the maxilla before the placement of dental implants in the atrophic maxilla. In this case history, Surgicel (oxidised regenerated cellulose) was used as a graft material for one patient, allowing successful delayed implant placement within new and existing bone. The sinus region was examined three months after grafting with Surgicel using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MR images showed that material of similar MR signal to bone had formed within the graft. MRI allowed us to gain tomographic information of the region without exposure of the patient to ionising radiation. The formation of bone within the Surgicel matrix was confirmed at implant placement. This poses interesting questions as to the physiology of bone formation within non-particulate graft material, warranting further investigation.
Preparation and Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembly of Silver Nanoparticles Capped by Graphite Oxide Nanosheets (1999)

Sodium borohydride reduction of silver ions in aqueous dispersions of exfoliated graphite oxide (GO) resulted in the formation of remarkably monodisperse 100 Å diameter oblate Ag particles that are effectively protected by 5 Å thick GO sheets, Ag−GO. Ag−GO could be self-assembled onto poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride, PDDA, coated substrate; subsequent layer-by-layer self-assembly of Ag−GO and PDDA led to well-ordered ultrathin films of S-(PDDA/Ag−GO)n.
Defective transcriptional activation by diverse VP16 mutants associated with a common inability to form open promoter complexes. (1994)

Three different types of VP16 mutants were assayed in vitro. These included deletion of the C-terminal activation subdomain and alterations in either the acidic or non-acidic components of the minimal activation domain. The mutant GAL4-VP16 proteins were found to be transcriptionally defective using a HeLa cell nuclear extract. In all three cases the loss of transcription activity was accompanied by a commensurate loss in ability to form open transcription complexes. The comparison implies that the diverse components of GAL4-VP16 activate transcription by the common facilitation of steps required for open complex formation. The results further imply that open complex formation may be a common target for mammalian transcriptional activation, as known previously to be the case in bacterial systems.
Solving a 50 year mystery of a missing OPA1 mutation: more insights from the first family diagnosed with autosomal dominant optic atrophy (2010)

The thorough study of this family provides a detailed clinical picture accompanied by a molecular investigation of patients' fibroblasts. Our data show a classic OPA1-associated non-syndromic ADOA segregating in this family. Cell biological findings suggest that OPA1 is regulated by post-translational mechanisms and we would like to hypothesize that loss of OPA1 function might lead to impaired mitochondrial quality control. With the clinical, genetic and cell biological characterisation of a family described already more than 50 years ago, we span more than half a century of research in optic neuropathies.
Stereoselectivity in octahedral complexes. I. Cobalt(III) and vanadium(III) complexes of 3-substituted camphor (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselectivity in octahedral complexes. I. Cobalt(III) and vanadium(III) complexes of 3-substituted camphorYing-Tar Chen and Grover W. Everett Jr.Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 24, 6660–6665Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01026a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01026a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views77Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Blockade of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Improves the Arrhythmia Morbidity in Mice With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (2006)

Candesartan reduced both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias in the TAC mice, presumably by preventing the electrical remodeling by inhibiting the AT(1) receptor.
Integrating Prior Knowledge in Multiple Testing under Dependence with Applications to Detecting Differential DNA Methylation (2012)

DNA methylation has emerged as an important hallmark of epigenetics. Numerous platforms including tiling arrays and next generation sequencing, and experimental protocols are available for profiling DNA methylation. Similar to other tiling array data, DNA methylation data shares the characteristics of inherent correlation structure among nearby probes. However, unlike gene expression or protein DNA binding data, the varying CpG density which gives rise to CpG island, shore and shelf definition provides exogenous information in detecting differential methylation. This article aims to introduce a robust testing and probe ranking procedure based on a nonhomogeneous hidden Markov model that incorporates the above-mentioned features for detecting differential methylation. We revisit the seminal work of Sun and Cai (2009, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology)71, 393-424) and propose modeling the nonnull using a nonparametric symmetric distribution in two-sided hypothesis testing. We show that this model improves probe ranking and is robust to model misspecification based on extensive simulation studies. We further illustrate that our proposed framework achieves good operating characteristics as compared to commonly used methods in real DNA methylation data that aims to detect differential methylation sites.
Macro Rings. I. Preparation and Spectra of the Paracyclophanes (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacro Rings. I. Preparation and Spectra of the ParacyclophanesDonald J. Cram and H. SteinbergCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 12, 5691–5704Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01156a059https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01156a059research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2326Altmetric-Citations417LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Regioselective phenylcarbamoylation of hydroxy-groups of ribonucleosides with bis(tributyltin) oxide--phenyl isocyanate system. (1979)

Partial phenylcarbamoylation of ribonucleosides by means of bis(tributyltin) oxide--phenyl isocyanate system is described herein; the reaction was found to occur regioselectively to give the corresponding 5'-, 3'-, and 2'-O-phenylcarbamoyl derivatives due to the conditions used.
Calcineurin inhibitors affect B cell antibody responses indirectly by interfering with T cell help (2009)

In general, humoral immune responses depend critically upon T cell help. In transplantation, prevention or treatment of humoral rejection therefore require drugs that ideally inhibit both B cell and T helper cell activity. Here, we studied the effects of commonly used immunosuppressive drugs [tacrolimus, cyclosporin, mycophenolic acid (MPA) and rapamycin] on T cell helper activity and on T cell-dependent B cell responses. T cells were activated polyclonally in the presence of immunosuppressive drugs in order to analyse the effect of these drugs on T cell proliferation, co-stimulatory ligand expression and cytokines. The impact of immunosuppressive drugs on T cell-dependent immunoglobulin production by B cells was addressed in T-B cell co-cultures. All drugs affected T cell proliferation and attenuated T cell co-stimulatory ligand (CD154 and CD278) expression when T cells were activated polyclonally. Tacrolimus, cyclosporin and rapamycin also attenuated B cell stimulatory cytokine mRNA levels in T cells. As a consequence, a decrease in immunoglobulin levels was observed in autologous T-B cell co-cultures, where T cell help is essential for immunoglobulin production. In contrast, when pre-activated T cells were used to stimulate autologous B cells, calcineurin inhibitors failed to inhibit B cell immunoglobulin production, whereas MPA and rapamycin did show inhibition. From these studies, it is evident that calcineurin inhibitors affect the humoral immune response by interfering with T helper signals, but not by targeting B cells directly. Furthermore, our studies support the necessity of intervening in T cell helper function to attenuate humoral responses.
Microphone array exploratory study (2013)

In the field of acoustic signal processing, one of the most popular areas of research is that of microphone arrays. As a small research project in this field, a microphone array system with adjustable polar response will be developed. It is worth noting that this submission is more a research proposal than an abstract. This research will take part as a means of combining coursework and research for courses in engineering acoustics and real-time digital signal processing at the University of Miami. Before any arrays are physically constructed or any code written on a DSP, simulations will be performed in Matlab to determine optimum array configurations and to analyze various DSP algorithms for adjusting polar responses. Then, using a Texas Instruments TMS320C6713 DSP on a DSK audio target board, and writing code in C, Assembly, and Matlab, physical tests will be conducted to analyze performance of design. A MEMS microphone model will likely be used for its small size and low cost. From there, results will be analyzed and further research in the area proposed.
Direct Preparation of Guanidine from Trichloroacetamide. A Potentially Important Method to (−)-Tetrodotoxin (1994)

Abstract Trichloroacetamides obtained via Overman [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement were converted into dibenzyl guanidines. The key step was conversion of carbodiimide intermediate into guanidine by scandium or ytterbium trifluoromethane-sulfonates. This method was applied to a synthesis of guanidinium ring of (−)-tetrodotoxin.
A NEW SYNTHETIC METHOD OF 1-AZABICYCLO[4.<i>n</i>.0]SYSTEMS (1983)

Abstract A new method for the synthesis of bicyclic pyridinium salts from alicyclic amines and reduction of the salts to 1-azabicyclo[4.n.0]systems has been exploited.