gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Nedd4 and Ubiquitination of Rous Sarcoma Virus Gag in Budding of Virus-Like Particles from Cells (2004)

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) budding requires an interaction of the L domain within the p2b region of Gag with cellular Nedd4-family E3 ubiquitin protein ligases. Members of our laboratories previously demonstrated that overexpression of a fragment of the chicken Nedd4-like protein (LDI-1 WW) inhibits Gag release in a dominant-negative manner (A. Kikonyogo, F. Bouamr, M. L. Vana, Y. Xiang, A. Aiyar, C. Carter, and J. Leis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:11199-11204, 2001). We have now identified the complete 3' end of LDI-1 and determined that it has a C-terminal ubiquitin ligase HECT domain, similar to other Nedd4 family members. While overexpression of the full-length LDI-1 clone (LDI-1 FL) had little effect on Gag budding, an LDI-1 FL mutant with a substitution in the HECT domain catalytic site blocked Gag release, similar to LDI-1 WW. The coexpression of Gag and hemagglutinin-tagged ubiquitin (HA-Ub) resulted in the detection of mono- and polyubiquitinated forms of Gag in cells and mostly monoubiquitinated Gag in virus-like particles (VLPs). When the Nedd4-binding site (L domain) was deleted, ubiquitinated Gag was not detected. Interestingly, the release of Gag with ubiquitin covalently linked to the C terminus (Gag-Ub) was still blocked by LDI-1 WW. To understand the mechanism of this inhibition, we examined cells expressing Gag and LDI-1 WW by electron microscopy. In the presence of LDI-1 WW, VLPs were found in electron-dense inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. In contrast, when cells that coexpressed Gag-Ub and LDI-1 WW were examined, inclusion bodies were detected but did not contain VLPs. These results indicate that the ubiquitination of Gag is dependent upon Nedd4 binding to the L domain and suggest that Nedd4 has additional functions during RSV release besides the ubiquitination of Gag.
Autonomous damage initiated healing in a thermo‐responsive ionomer (2010)

Abstract The partially neutralised poly[ethylene‐ co ‐(methacrylic acid)] copolymer Surlyn 8940 ® (DuPont) ionomer exhibits damage‐initiated healing during high‐energy impact. This is attributed to the hierarchical structure of ionomers, arising from the presence of ionic aggregates and hydrogen bonding. This work investigates the mechanism of this process using novel techniques developed here. The ionomer's response to penetration has been found to consist of three consecutive events: an initial elastic response, an anelastic response and pseudo‐brittle failure. In addition, the ultimate level of healing has been shown to be dependent upon the elastic response during impact as well as post‐failure viscous flow. Increasing the local temperature at impact consistently increases elastic healing, although further improvements in healing are minor once the local temperature increases beyond the melting point. Below the order‐to‐disorder transition, microscopic investigations reveal severe plastic deformation while the lack of shape memory reduces the comparative level of elastic healing. Above this temperature, healing is facilitated by elastomeric behaviour at the impact site, while above the melting point a combination of elastomeric and viscous flow dominates. This work provides for the first time evidence of the consecutive healing events occurring during high‐impact penetration for ionomers. The hierarchical structure of ionomers and its impact upon the microstructure have been shown to be critical to the process. Comparison of the mechanical response during impact with that of non‐ionic polymers further highlights this. In addition, slow relaxational processes occurring post‐impact are found to facilitate further recovery in mechanical properties. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Inverter models of CMOS gates for supply current and delay evaluation (1994)

The subject of this paper is the reduction of transistor-level models of CMOS logic gates to equivalent inverters, for the purpose of computing the supply current in digital circuits. No restrictions are applied to either the number of switching inputs or the transition times and relative delays of the input voltages. The relative positions of the switching inputs are also accounted for in the case of series-connected MOSFET's. When combined with our previously reported CMOS inverter model, the peak current is obtained in a time approximately three orders faster than HSPICE with the level-3 MOSFET model. The corresponding accuracy is around 12%. If the current waveform is required, the speed improvement is about an order less. Since the inverter model also yields the delay at no extra cost, the timing of the current waveforms can be done automatically, without recourse to a timing simulator. Although the emphasis here is on CMOS static gates, the method is applicable to dynamic logic gates as well.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Eccentrics of Istanbul: Chan, Art, and Cross-Asian Networks in the Ming (2018)

Images of Chan eccentrics were a popular artistic theme in East Asia from the eleventh century onwards. In the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), the theme was carried across the Eurasian continent to Persia. This article examines two fifteenth-century paintings of Chan eccentrics in Persian albums, currently in the Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul. It argues that the paintings are different both thematically and visually, and it explores them in the contexts of their specific albums and histories of collection and viewing. The article shows that each painting brings together visual and conceptual elements of many traditions, including Chinese, Persian and Eurasian traditions and Islamic mysticism. The paintings question common modes of art historical categorization. At the same time, they are evidence of lively artistic networks between Ming China and the Eurasian continent.
Meniere's syndrome--present therapy. (1978)

Theodore Roosevelt writes to his sister Anna Roosevelt about an upcoming dinner that he is planning. He asks her to tell Rob he has been riding Egypt lately.
Characterization and Regulation of the Genes Encoding Ribosomal Proteins L39 and S7 of the Human PathogenCandida albicans (1997)

Genes encoding the Candida albicans ribosomal proteins L39 and S7 (RPL39, RPS7) were isolated and sequenced. From RPL39 cDNA a single intron interrupting the fifth codon in the genomic sequence could be deduced. Two homologous RPL39 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain a single intron in a conserved position. In contrast, C. albicans RPS7 was found to lack an intron, while both S. cerevisiae homologs are interrupted by single introns. The deduced L39 and S7 proteins contained 67% and 83% identical residues compared to the S. cerevisiae homologs. During hyphal induction the RPL39, RPS7 and RPL29 transcript levels increased three- to six-fold relative to ribosomal RNA, while ACT1 and RPS33 control transcripts were not regulated extensively. As suggested by unaltered transcript stabilities during hyphal induction, this regulation occurs on the transcriptional level; a conserved 18 bp palindromic sequence (5'-TTAGGGCTATAGCCCTAA-3'), which is present in the promoter regions of the RPL39 and RPS7 genes, may be involved in regulation.
The Selecting of Artificial Intelligence Technology for Control of Mobile Robots (2018)

The article analyzes the application of artificial intelligence methods for control of mobile robots. The proposed method of selecting of the optimal artificial intelligence technology by the set of available technologies for control of mobile robots allows to improve the functional characteristics of the robot control system as a whole and its individual subsystems by the optimal coverage of a set of tasks and procedures solved by the robot control system. The method is based on the description of the initial information in the form of preference relations on a set of alternatives. As a solution to the problem of selecting an optimal information technology is adopted the most nondominant alternative. The proposed method was applied to the selection of the optimal artificial intelligence technology for modelling traffic control and technical operation field irrigation in developing control system of mobile robotic sprinkler system “Fregat”, This method can be implemented in the design of software not only for mobile robots, but robots for other purposes.
The major volatile organic compound emitted from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> flowers, the sesquiterpene (<i>E</i>)‐β‐caryophyllene, is a defense against a bacterial pathogen (2011)

Flowers have a high risk of pathogen attack because of their rich nutrient and moisture content, and high frequency of insect visitors. We investigated the role of (E)-β-caryophyllene in floral defense against a microbial pathogen. This sesquiterpene is a common volatile compound emitted from flowers, and is a major volatile released from the stigma of Arabidopsis thaliana flowers. Arabidopsis thaliana lines lacking a functional (E)-β-caryophyllene synthase or constitutively overexpressing this gene were challenged with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, which is a bacterial pathogen of brassicaceous plants. Flowers of plant lines lacking (E)-β-caryophyllene emission showed greater bacterial growth on their stigmas than did wild-type flowers, and their seeds were lighter and misshapen. By contrast, plant lines with ectopic (E)-β-caryophyllene emission from vegetative parts were more resistant than wild-type plants to pathogen infection of leaves, and showed reduced cell damage and higher seed production. Based on in vitro experiments, (E)-β-caryophyllene seems to act by direct inhibition of bacterial growth, rather than by triggering defense signaling pathways. (E)-β-Caryophyllene thus appears to serve as a defense against pathogens that invade floral tissues and, like other floral volatiles, may play multiple roles in defense and pollinator attraction.
Turnoff transient characteristics of complementary insulated-gate bipolar transistor (1994)

An analytical model used for analyzing the fast turnoff transient characteristics of the complementary insulated-gate bipolar transistor (CIGBT) is proposed, accounting for the transient charge-sharing effect and the back-injection effect. The normalized turnoff transient current of the CIGBT is obtained, which is in agreement with the enhanced SPICE3 simulated results and the experiment. The relationships of the turnoff time T/sub 0/ with the device parameters are given. The modeling methodology is also applicable to the mixed LIGBT/LDMOS.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 34 µm<sup>2</sup> DRAM cell fabricated with a 1 µm single-level polycide FET technology (1981)

Exploratory one-device dynamic RAM arrays, fabricated with N-channel single-level polycide (WSI <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) technology with minimum feature size of 1μm, will be discussed.
Select the best VOC control strategy (1993)

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the most common pollutants emitted by the chemical process industries (CPI). Accordingly, VOC emission control is a major portion of the CPI's environmental activities. Reduction of VOC emissions in areas that exceed the current national ambient air quality standard for ozone of 0.12 ppm is mandated under Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. In addition, Title III of the Amendments requires reduction of the emission of 189 hazardous air pollutants, most of which are included under the definition of VOCs as well. Thus, some sources may be controlled under two separate sets of regulations with potentially differing requirements. This makes the selection of controls especially difficult--what may be the cost-effective choice today could prove inadequate in the near future and costly to upgrade. Therefore, intelligent planning is essential for defining a cost-effective emissions control strategy. This article discusses VOC emission control from a process design standpoint. It first outlines the factors that must be considered when selecting a technology. Then it reviews the technologies available for VOC control and where each can and cannot be used.
Restoration of Long-Term Potentiation in Middle-Aged Hippocampus After Induction of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (2006)

Restoration of neuronal viability and synaptic plasticity through increased trophic support is widely regarded as a potential therapy for the cognitive declines that characterize aging. Previous studies have shown that in the hippocampal CA1 basal dendritic field deficits in the stabilization of long-term potentiation (LTP) are evident by middle age. The present study tested whether increasing endogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) could reverse this age-related change. We report here that in middle-aged (8- to 10-mo-old) rats, in vivo treatments with a positive AMPA-type glutamate receptor modulator both increase BDNF protein levels in the cortical telencephalon and restore stabilization of basal dendritic LTP as assessed in acute hippocampal slices 18 h after the last drug treatment. These effects were not attributed to enhanced synaptic transmission or to facilitation of burst responses used to induce LTP. Increasing extracellular levels of BDNF by exogenous application to slices of middle-aged rats was also sufficient to rescue the stabilization of basal dendritic LTP. Finally, otherwise stable LTP in ampakine-treated middle-aged rats can be eliminated by infusion of the extracellular BDNF scavenger TrkB-Fc. Together these results indicate that increases in endogenous BDNF signaling can offset deficits in the postinduction processes that stabilize LTP.
Low plasma androgens in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (1987)

The high ratio of women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has remained unexplained, despite the recent description of metabolic abnormalities of estrogen and androgen metabolism. Alterations of steroid metabolism in patients with SLE could be important in the pathogenesis of this disease, since it has been reported that gonadal steroids modulate the immune system. Moreover, research with inbred lupus mice has shown that estrogens have adverse effects on the disease in both sexes, whereas androgen therapy or oophorectomy is protective in females. Recently, the finding of elevated testosterone oxidation at C-17 in females with SLE suggested that plasma androgen levels in males and females with SLE should be examined more closely. We studied the varying degrees of clinical activity, with regard to plasma levels of 4 significant androgens: testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in a series of 5 male and 42 female SLE patients. Decreased levels of all androgens were observed in women with SLE. The lowest levels of plasma androgens were found in female patients who had active disease, as determined by laboratory and clinical assessment. These data support the fact that specific abnormalities of androgen metabolism in the female are associated with SLE, and may contribute in some way to morbidity and mortality. More importantly, these data may have implications for future therapeutic regimens based on male hormone replacement.
Localization and nonlinear transport in single walled carbon nanotube fibers (2008)

Electrical and magnetotransport properties of single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) fibers are reported. The dependencies of resistance on temperature can be approximated by the Mott law for three-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH) below 80 K and by typical law for fluctuation induced tunneling model within the range of 80–300 K. Both negative and positive magnetoresistances (MRs) were observed. At low fields, MR is negative. Positive upturn was observed on the MR curves, which shifted to the high field’s values with temperature increase. The upturn field of the MR effect was shifted from 1.5 T at 2 K to a value of about 20 T at 40 K. The value of positive MR varies as exp(B2), which changes to B1/3 at sufficiently high fields as expected for the VRH transport. The model of VRH transport is illustrated by the influence of strong microwave field and terahertz radiation induced photocurrent manifestation at low temperatures.
Topography of early HPV 16 transcription in high-grade genital precancers. (1989)

The extent to which human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is transcribed and the nature of the transcripts produced in genital precancers has not been clearly defined. The authors analyzed 28 cases of cervical (CIN) or vulvar (VIN) intraepithelial neoplasia by RNA-RNA in situ hybridization, using probes generated from HPV 16 open reading frames (ORFs) either upstream (E6-E7) or downstream (E2-E5-L2) to the E1 ORF, where HPV 16 genomic integration most commonly occurs. Hybridization signals corresponding to one or both probes were detected in a high proportion of cells throughout the lesional epithelium of low- and high-grade CIN, including basal layers. In serial sections analyzed with the two probes, hybridization signals were obtained from both, and in similar proportion, irrespective of CIN grade. The distribution and character of hybridization signals suggests that the morphologic progression of precancers is not associated with either cessation of HPV 16 early transcription or a change in the general character of the transcripts produced.
NUCAM3-a gamma camera based on segmented monolithic CdZnTe detectors (2002)

NUCAM3 is the latest generation of solid-state pixelated gamma cameras developed at Soreq NRC. The NUCAM3 head is based on segmented pad monolithic CdZnTe detectors that currently provide a useful field of view of 18.5 cm/spl times/20.1 cm. The camera is designed for cardiac SPECT, breast scintimammography, thyroid, and other small organ evaluation. The camera contains 528 detectors. Each detector is 5 mm thick and is divided to a matrix of 16 square pixels, with a pitch of 2.1 mm. The use of pixelated CdZnTe detectors and low-noise electronics provides a camera with an average energy resolution of 4.5% full width half maximum (FWHM) at 140.5 keV and 9.5% FWHM at 59.6 keV and an intrinsic spatial resolution of 2.1 mm, regardless of the photon energy. We present the analysis of over 1300 CdZnTe monolithic detectors, the physical and imaging characteristics of the NUCAM3 camera and their comparison to state of the art Anger cameras. We show the advantages of CdZnTe technology, which are due to the camera pixel structure and superior energy resolution. These advantages lead to better detectability of small size cold and hot lesions in a scatter environment.
Understanding embodied visual attention in child-parent interaction (2013)

A key component of the human visual system is our attentional control - the selection of which visual stimuli to pay attention to at any moment in time. Understanding visual attention in children could yield new insight into how the visual system develops during formative years and how their visual attention and selection play a role in development and learning. We use head-mounted cameras to record first-person video from interacting children and parents, giving a good approximation of the contents of their visual fields of view, and collect gaze direction data to record where they look within the visual field. We data-mine this data to study the distributions of gaze patterns within the first-person visual frame for both children and adults. We also study the ability of visual saliency to predict visual attention, as a function of the tasks, actions, and interactions that the participants perform. We find significant differences in the results between children and parents, indicating substantial differences in how their bodily actions are coupled with their visual attention between developing (child) and developed (adult) visual systems.
Compact Magnetostatic Wave Channelizer (2005)

A compact 5 channel filter bank is described which uses the new technology of magnetostatic forward volume waves propagating in narrow epitaxial yttrium iron garnet strips. Results are presented showing S-band performance where a -55 dB out-of-band level is achieved and a 2 tone intermodulation level rejection of 50 dB at 25 MHz from the mid-band frequency.
Independence of pitch and loudness of an electrocutaneous stimulus for sensory feedback (1994)

Three experiments were performed to determine if: 1) perceived intensity (loudness) is dependent on stimulus frequency, and 2) perceived pitch is dependent on stimulus amplitude for an electrocutaneous stimulus used for sensory feedback. The electrocutaneous stimuli consisted of repetitive bursts of rectangular, charge-balanced, biphasic pulses applied through a concentric surface electrode on the lateral aspect of the upper arm. In the first experiment, subjects matched the pitch of two electrocutaneous stimuli with different charges (per pulse phase). In the second and third experiments, objects matched the loudness of stimuli with; burst periods that varied over a narrow range (30-50 ms) or a broad range (15.6-500 ms). Burst period and charge were independent over the range of stimulus parameters used; that is, subjects' pitch matches depended only on burst period and were not affected by discriminable differences in charge of /spl plusmn/0.5 dB and /spl plusmn/1.0 dB. Subject' loudness matches depended primarily on charge, were not affected by discriminable differences in burst periods of /spl plusmn/10 ms, and depended only slightly on burst period over the range of 15.6 to 500 ms (2.0 to 64.1 Hz).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 29ns 8Mb EPROM With Dual Reference-column ATD Sensing (1991)

A 29ns 8Mb EPROM in a submicron double-layer metal CMOS technology serves high-density applications dominated by 16b and 32b microprocessors and microcontrollers. The 8Mb CMOS EPROM technology uses 0.8μm lithography. The improvements in resolution, dimensional control and registration over the previous generation allow scaling the area of the floating-gate EPROM cell to 6.5μm2 .1 Peripheral circuit layout density is improved through the use of p-epi on a p+ substrate, which allows compact n+/p+ spacing with latchup immunity, and through the use of two full metallization layers in addition to a silicide layer for maximum density in the decoder and the logic areas. Improved circuit performance in the periphery is achieved through the use of scaled LDD n-channel and LDD pchannel transistors with electrical channel lengths of0.75μm and 0.7μm, respectively. In addition, the double-layer metal reduces circuit path lengths and associated RC delays. Table 1 summarizes the key technology attributes.
Dual-channel Faraday-effect current sensor capable of simultaneous measurement of two independent currents (1991)

We describe a current sensor that uses the Faraday effect in two square rings of glass capable of measuring two independent currents simultaneously with a resolution of 1.2 A radicalHz. Pseudoheterodyne signal processing is used to recover the phase modulation produced by the Faraday effect.
Fluoxetine-induced sexual dysfunction. (1990)

Of the first 60 patients treated at our clinic with the antidepressant fluoxetine, 5 (8.3%) developed treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction (anorgasmia and/or delayed orgasm). Three of those 5 patients had a history of treatment-emergent sexual dysfunction while receiving other antidepressant agents. Clinicians should be aware of this side effect of fluoxetine.