gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selenoprotein P Is Required for Mouse Sperm Development1 (2005)

Selenoprotein P (SEPP1), an extracellular glycoprotein of unknown function, is a unique member of the selenoprotein family that, depending on species, contains 10-17 selenocysteines in its primary structure; in contrast, all other family members contain a single selenocysteine residue. The SEPP1-null (Sepp1(-/-)) male but not the female mice are infertile, but the cellular basis of this male phenotype has not been defined. In this study, we demonstrate that mature spermatozoa of Sepp1(-/-) males display a specific set of flagellar structural defects that develop temporally during spermiogenesis and after testicular maturation in the epididymis. The flagellar defects include a development of a truncated mitochondrial sheath, an extrusion of a specific set of axonemal microtubules and outer dense fibers from the principal piece, and ultimately a hairpin-like bend formation at the midpiece-principal piece junction. The sperm defects found in Sepp1(-/-) males appear to be the same as those observed in wild-type (Sepp1(+/+)) males fed a low selenium diet. Supplementation of dietary selenium levels for Sepp1(-/-) males neither reverses the development of sperm defects nor restores fertility. These data demonstrate that SEPP1 is required for development of functional spermatozoa and indicate that it is an essential component of the selenium delivery pathway for developing germ cells.
A Fast Non-Gaussian Bayesian Matching Pursuit Method for Sparse Reconstruction (2012)

A fast matching pursuit method using a Bayesian approach is introduced for sparse signal recovery. This method, referred to as nGpFBMP, performs Bayesian estimates of sparse signals even when the signal prior is non-Gaussian or unknown. It is agnostic on signal statistics and utilizes a priori statistics of additive noise and the sparsity rate of the signal, which are shown to be easily estimated from data if not available. nGpFBMP utilizes a greedy approach and order-recursive updates of its metrics to find the most dominant sparse supports to determine the approximate minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimate of the sparse signal. Simulation results demonstrate the power and robustness of our proposed estimator.
AGRIS: the Arabidopsis Gene Regulatory Information Server, an update (2010)

The Arabidopsis Gene Regulatory Information Server (AGRIS; http://arabidopsis.med.ohio-state.edu/) provides a comprehensive resource for gene regulatory studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Three interlinked databases, AtTFDB, AtcisDB and AtRegNet, furnish comprehensive and updated information on transcription factors (TFs), predicted and experimentally verified cis-regulatory elements (CREs) and their interactions, respectively. In addition to significant contributions in the identification of the entire set of TF-DNA interactions, which are the key to understand the gene regulatory networks that govern Arabidopsis gene expression, tools recently incorporated into AGRIS include the complete set of words length 5-15 present in the Arabidopsis genome and the integration of AtRegNet with visualization tools, such as the recently developed ReIN application. All the information in AGRIS is publicly available and downloadable upon registration.
Initialization and Readout of Nuclear Spins via a Negatively Charged Silicon-Vacancy Center in Diamond (2019)

In this Letter, we demonstrate initialization and readout of nuclear spins via a negatively charged silicon-vacancy (SiV) electron spin qubit. Under Hartmann-Hahn conditions the electron spin polarization is coherently transferred to the nuclear spin. The readout of the nuclear polarization is observed via the fluorescence of the SiV. We also show that the coherence time of the nuclear spin (6 ms) is limited by the electron spin-lattice relaxation due to the hyperfine coupling to the electron spin. This Letter paves the way toward realization of building blocks of quantum hardware with an efficient spin-photon interface based on the SiV color center coupled to a long lasting nuclear memory.
Laser Cathode Ray Tubes And Their Applications (1988)

Since 1970 FLAN, in cooperation with industry, has been developing "Laser CRTs" (LCRT) and studying their potentialities. The parameters (the brightness, monochromacity, the spectral regions from UV to IR) of the Laser CRT are much higher in the Laser CRT than in conventional phosphorous screen CRTs.
<i>N</i>‐glycosylation efficiency is determined by the distance to the C‐terminus and the amino acid preceding an Asn‐Ser‐Thr sequon (2010)

N-glycosylation is the most common and versatile protein modification. In eukaryotic cells, this modification is catalyzed cotranslationally by the enzyme oligosaccharyltransferase, which targets the β-amide of the asparagine in an Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr consensus sequon (where Xaa is any amino acid but proline) in nascent proteins as they enter the endoplasmic reticulum. Because modification of the glycosylation acceptor site on membrane proteins occurs in a compartment-specific manner, the presence of glycosylation is used to indicate membrane protein topology. Moreover, glycosylation sites can be added to gain topological information. In this study, we explored the determinants of N-glycosylation with the in vitro transcription/translation of a truncated model protein in the presence of microsomes and surveyed 25,488 glycoproteins, of which 2,533 glycosylation sites had been experimentally validated. We found that glycosylation efficiency was dependent on both the distance to the C-terminus and the nature of the amino acid that preceded the consensus sequon. These findings establish a broadly applicable method for membrane protein tagging in topological studies.
Diode Lasers AND PRACTICAL TRACE ANALYSIS (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDiode Lasers AND PRACTICAL TRACE ANALYSISTotaro Imasaka and Nobuhiko IshibashiCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 6, 363A–371APublication Date (Print):March 15, 1990Publication History Published online30 May 2012Published inissue 15 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00205a715https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00205a715research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views78Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluating the Effectiveness of BEN in Localizing Different Types of Software Fault (2016)

Debugging or fault localization is one of the most challenging tasks during software development. Many tools have been developed to reduce the amount of effort and time software developers have to spend on fault localization. In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of a fault localization tool called BEN in localizing different types of software fault. Assuming that combinatorial testing has been performed on the subject program, BEN leverages the result obtained from combinatorial testing to perform fault localization. Our evaluation focuses on impact of three properties of software fault on the effectiveness of BEN. The three properties include accessibility, input value sensitivity and control flow sensitivity. A random test set-based approach is used to measure the three properties. The experimental results suggest that BEN is more effective, respectively, in localizing faults of lower accessibility, input value-insensitive faults or control flow-insensitive faults than localizing faults of higher accessibility, input value-sensitive or control flow-sensitive faults in the subject programs. The insights obtained from our evaluation can be applied to other fault localization tools that are similar to BEN, and can be used to identify opportunities for further research on combinatorial testing-based fault localization.
Cloning of butyrogenic genes from Clostridium difficile and metabolic pathway reconstitution in Escherichia coli (2011)

Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die Entwicklung eines neuartigen Modellsystems dar, welches die Implementierung kompletter Stoffwechselmodule in geeignete Akzeptororganismen zur systematischen Anwendung in der synthetischen Biologie erlaubt. Das bisher wenig untersuchte butyrogene Stoffwechselmodul aus Clostridium difficile wurde hierzu in Escherichia coli transferiert, bestehend aus den individuellen Enzymen Thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9), -Hydroxybutyryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.157), Crotonase (EC 4.2.1.17), Butyryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase einschließlich der zwei Elektronen transferierenden Flavoprotein-Untereinheiten (EC 1.3.99.2), Phosphotransbutyrylase (EC 2.3.1.19) sowie Butyratkinase (EC 2.7.2.7). Die Enzyme wurden zunächst einzeln in E. coli produziert, funktionell getestet und in vitro charakterisiert. Die dabei erhaltenen kinetischen Parameter sowie Daten zur Substratspezifität und Stabilität gaben Aufschluss über die Fähigkeit der Enzyme zur Produktion von Intermediaten innerhalb von Modulen zur Produktion kurzkettiger Fettsäuren. In diesem Kontext wurden neue Aktivitätstests für Phosphotransbutyrylase und Butyratkinase etabliert. Im Zuge der Entwicklung einer vereinfachten Methode zur Messung der verzweigten Butyryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase in der physiologischen Reaktionsrichtung konnte die Annahme erhärtet werden, das C. difficile entgegen dem intensiv untersuchten C. acetobutylicum mithilfe dieses Enzyms zur Energiekonservierung mit reduziertem Ferredoxin fähig ist. Der potentielle Einfluss derartiger Enzyme bei der Produktion von Butan-1-ol in rekombinanten Stämmen wird in diesem Kontext diskutiert. Zur Konstruktion des kompletten artifiziellen Stoffwechselmoduls wurden die Gene für oben erwähnte Enzyme erfolgreich zu einem synthetischen Operon assembliert, resultierend in den Expressionsplasmiden pASG.wt_BUTD und pASG.wt_BUTAC, welche sich lediglich in der Herkunft des Butyryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase/ETF-Komplexes unterscheiden. Die Gene für den besagten Komplex stammten entweder aus C. difficile (pASG.wt_BUTD) oder C. acetobutylicum (pASG.wt_BUTAC). Die rekombinanten Butyrogenen Stoffwechselmodule wurden in vivo untersucht durch Kombinationen aus Enzymtests in zellfreien Extrakten und die Analyse des Fermentationsprozesses im Bezug auf Substrataufnahme, Biomasse-, Produkt- sowie Nebenproduktbildung zum Verständnis des Massenflusses innerhalb des Systems. Tatsächlich waren lediglich die rekombinanten Stämme zur Butyrat-Produktion fähig, mit maximalen Konzentrationen von 3,1 bzw. 3,7 mM im Medium. Während keine großen Unterschiede zwischen den beiden rekombinanten Stämmen bezüglich Wachstum, Substratverbrauch und Produktausbeute beobachtet werden konnten, hatte die Herkunft der jeweiligen Butyryl-CoA-Dehydrogenase dramatische Auswirkungen auf die Kinetik der Produktbildung, eine Beobachtung, die besonders im Bezug auf den potentiellen Einsatz in der biotechnologischen Lösemittelproduktion diskutiert wird.
The Effects of Exercises on the Relationship between Pulse Transit Time and Arterial Blood Pressure (2005)

Pulse transit time (PTT) is one of the physiological parameters that can be utilized to estimate arterial blood pressure (BP) non-invasively. However, the effects of successive exercises on the relationship between PTT and BP have not yet been studied systematically. This study examines the variation in PTT and BP on 15 healthy subjects after treadmill exercise. PTT-peak and PTT-foot, which represent the time intervals from the R-wave of electrocardiogram (ECG) to the peak and the foot of photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal, are verified respectively. ECG, PPG signal, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded from each subject. Experiment was divided into Pre-exercise, Post-exercisel, Post-exercise2, and Recovery. Treadmill exercise was carried out before Post-exersie1 and Post-exercise2. It was found that SBP and DBP increased significantly while PTT-foot and PTT-peak decreased significantly immediately after exercises. During the phase of the Recovery, increment of PTT-foot and hypotension phenomenon was temporarily observed. Throughout the experiments, PTT-foot and BP were inversely related under the effect of two successive exercises. Therefore, it is possible to estimate BP based on the PTT-approach after successive exercises.
A new family of six degrees of freedom positional devices (1997)

Positional control is fundamental to most manufacturing processes as well as a wide range of other applications. Many types of positional devices have been proposed and used, ranging from robotic arms to Stewart platforms. This paper discusses a new family of six degrees of freedom positional control devices which generally combine simple designs, high stiffness and strength, and a wider range of motion. Stiffness is particularly advantageous in very small (submicron) positional devices as thermal motion is a significant source of positional uncertainty. The stiffness and thermally induced positional uncertainty of three designs - a robotic arm, a Stewart platform, and one member of the new family - are analyzed and compared. The Stewart platform provides the greatest stiffness for a given structural mass but has the most restrictive range of motion. The robotic arm is least stiff. The new proposal combines greater stiffness than the robotic arm with a significantly greater range of motion than the Stewart platform.
철재형 이안제의 설계외력 산정기법 검증을 위한 실해역 시험 (2012)

철재형 이안제는 구조형식이 단조롭고 설계가 용이하며 퇴적파랑을 통과시키는 등 장점이 많아 기존의 중력식 방파제의 대안으로서 기대된다. 철재형 이안제의 설계기법은 권혁민 등(2011), 권오균 등(2011), 이정렬 등(2011)이 보고한 바 있다. 권혁민 등(2011)은 철재형 이안제의 설계외력을 산정함에 있어서 유의파고에 상당하는 규칙파를 사용하고 말뚝의 심도설계를 위한 연직상향력은 수평판의 지점별 최대압력분포로부터 산정할 것을 제안하였다. 본 연구는 제안된 외력산정기법의 실해역 검증을 위하여 수행되었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 설계상 가능한 구조물에 대하여 실해역 실험을 통하여 축조 과정 기술 확보, 파괴 여부 판정, 철거 가능성을 검증하고자 한다. 철재형 이안제에 사용된 소파판은 $9m{\times}12m$ (길이 ${\times}$ 폭)의 크기이고, 강관말뚝은 직경 711 mm, 두께 12 mm, 길이 23.2 m이다. 실해역 실험 결과, 본 구조물의 축조는 기존의 장비로 약 8시간 만에 1셀의 시공이 가능하고, 유의파고 5.83 m의 외력에 대하여 말뚝의 수평 및 수직 상호변위는 매우 작게 발생하였으며, 철거는 양호한 기후조건에서 2일이 소요되었다. 본 실해역 시험을 통하여 권혁민 등(2011)의 철재형 이안제에 작용하는 외력산정기법이 유용하며 말뚝의 인발력에 대한 마찰 안전율이 약 2.0에 상당하다는 것을 알았다. 또한 철재형 이안제는 설계, 시공, 철거가 간단하며, 소파판의 착탈식 운영방식으로 해안의 사정에 따라 모래포집량 조절이 가능할 수 있다는 기대를 높이게 되었다. 【The steel-type breakwater has the merits of structural simplicity and passing the long period wave for beach accretion. So, it has been expected to be a key tool for the strategic beach protection technology. The design methodology of the steel-type breakwater was published by Kweon et al.(2011), Kwon et al.(2011), Lee et al.(2011). For the analysis of the resistant friction load acting on the pile, Kweon et al. proposed the estimation method of the design up lift force acting on the dual horizontal plate. With a train of regular wave corresponding to the significant one, they integrated the distribution of the biggest pressure at each point. For the verification of the estimation method of the load on the pile, the study is carried out the experiment in a real sea state. Moreover, the construction procedure, the displacement, joint checking and removal possibility of the steel-type breakwater are discussed. The constructed breakwater has the horizontal wave energy dissipator of $9m{\times}12m$ ( $length{\times}width$ ) and pile diameter of 711 mm, thickness of 12 mm, length of 23.2 m. The construction took about 8 hours for 1 cell composed of 9 piles and 1 horizontal dual plate. There is a little vertical and horizontal displacement of pile attacked by the maximum wave height of 5.83 m. The removal of 1 cell took about 2 days. This study shows the merits of the easier design, faster construction and simpler removal of the steel-type breakwater. The structure could be estimated as a stable one because it has the horizontal dissipator on which acting a little compression and a little uplift force due to the perforated holes. Moreover, the easier removal could make it possible to manage the coastal line as depending on the conditions of erosion or accretion sand volume.】
An intents-based approach for service discovery and integration (2013)

Service discovery and integration has been a very active research field attracting many researchers around the world. Current technologies in service discovery like WSDL and UDDI have deficiencies which prevent their wide applications, especially outside of enterprise areas. Intents is an emerging technology aimed at interconnecting various services. Unlike its counterparts, services in Intents are single topic and given more informative descriptions. This paper examines the essentials of service discovery and integration applied in Intents, presents an architecture of Intents-based systems, and discusses the advantages of Intents over other existing technologies.
Identification of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases 3, 4 and 7 in human CD4<sup>+</sup>and CD8<sup>+</sup>T‐lymphocytes: role in regulating proliferation and the biosynthesis of interleukin‐2 (1996)

1. The cyclic AMP phosphodiesterases (PDE) expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes purified from the peripheral blood of normal adult subjects were identified and characterized, and their role in modulating proliferation and the biosynthesis of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma evaluated. 2. In lysates prepared from both subsets, SK&F 95654 (PDE3 inhibitor) and rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor) suppressed cyclic AMP hydrolysis indicating the presence of PDE3 and PDE4 isoenzymes in these cells. Differential centrifugation and subsequent inhibitor and kinetic studies revealed that the particulate fraction contained, predominantly, a PDE3 isoenzyme. In contrast, the soluble fraction contained a PDE4 (approximately 65% of total activity) and, in addition, a novel enzyme that had the kinetic characteristics of the recently identified PDE7. 3. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) studies with primer pairs designed to recognise unique sequences in the human PDE4 and PDE7 genes amplified cDNA fragments that corresponded to the predicted sizes of HSPDE4A, HSPDE4B, HSPDE54D and HSPDE7. No message was detected for HSPDE4C after 35 cycles of amplification. 4. Functionally, rolipram inhibited phytohaemagglutinin- (PHA) and anti-CD3-induced proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes, and the elaboration of IL-2, which was associated with a three to four fold increase in cyclic AMP mass. In all experiments, however, rolipram was approximately 60 fold more potent at suppressing IL-2 synthesis than at inhibiting mitogenesis. In contrast, SK&F 95654 failed to suppress proliferation and cytokine generation, and did not elevate the cyclic AMP content in T-cells. Although inactive alone, SK&F 95654 potentiated the ability of rolipram to suppress PHA- and anti-CD3-induced T-cell proliferation, and PHA-induced IL-2 release. 5. When a combination of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin were used as a co-mitogen, rolipram did not affect proliferation but, paradoxically, suppressed IL-2 release indicating that cyclic AMP can inhibit mitogenesis by acting at, or proximal to, the level of inositol phospholipid hydrolysis. 6. Collectively, these data suggest that PDE3 and PDE4 isoenzymes regulate the cyclic AMP content, IL-2 biosynthesis and proliferation in human CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes. However, the ability of rolipram to suppress markedly mitogen-induced IL-2 generation without affecting T-cell proliferation suggests that growth and division of T-lymphocytes may be governed by mediators in addition to IL-2. Finally, T-cells have the potential to express PDE7, although elucidating the functional role of this enzyme must await the development of selective inhibitors.
Genetic Diversity among Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (MRSE) (2005)

We selected 106 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and 22 methicillin-susceptible S. epidermidis (MSSE) hospital isolates--each with a different PFGE pattern--for more detailed documentation of genetic diversity. The 106 MRSE isolates showed extensive variation in the SmaI DNA fragments hybridizing with the DNA probe for mecA, the molecular size of which varied from as low as 20 kb up to over 500 kb. Parallel variation was also observed in the size of DNA fragments hybridizing with the chromosomal genes orfX and gyrA, and this was also observed in MSSE isolates. In contrast, SmaI fragments associated with the housekeeping genes murE and aroE, both located distantly from orfX, showed little size variation. Typing for the mec complex and ccr identified 10 different SCCmec structures and a large number of strains (21 isolates) that were non-typeable. The majority of strains studied (36%) carried a SCCmec type IV-like structure, including strains with non-related PFGE profiles. On the other hand, closely related strains often carried different types of SCCmec. The findings indicate that the acquisition and/or loss of mobile genetic elements, including various structural types of SCCmec, may occur frequently in the vicinity of the orfX gene on the S. epidermidis chromosome.
Tendon Functional Extracellular Matrix (2015)

This article is one of a series, summarizing views expressed at the Orthopaedic Research Society New Frontiers in Tendon Research Conference. This particular article reviews the three workshops held under the "Functional Extracellular Matrix" stream. The workshops focused on the roles of the tendon extracellular matrix, such as performing the mechanical functions of tendon, creating the local cell environment, and providing cellular cues. Tendon is a complex network of matrix and cells, and its biological functions are influenced by widely varying extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as age, nutrition, exercise levels, and biomechanics. Consequently, tendon adapts dynamically during development, aging, and injury. The workshop discussions identified research directions associated with understanding cell-matrix interactions to be of prime importance for developing novel strategies to target tendon healing or repair.