gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular pathogenesis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (2006)

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) typically associated with a worse prognosis than other localized extranodal lymphomas with similar histological characteristics. The defining feature of PCNSL is its confinement to the central nervous system (CNS), with proclivity for growth within the leptomeningeal as well as intraocular compartments. Primary CNS lymphoma rarely disseminates outside the CNS and accounts for less than 5% of all primary brain neoplasms. At least 95% of PCNSLs are of large B-cell histology, the most common subtype of NHL. Consistent with the trend seen in systemic NHLs, the incidence of PCNSL has markedly increased over the past three decades, both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Because PCNSL is relatively rare, the identification of molecular prognostic biomarkers and the definition of a standard therapeutic strategy have been challenging. The authors discuss the current knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of CNS lymphomas and review the recent advances in gene expression profile analysis and identification of novel prognostic biomarkers.
Incidence of retinoblastoma in the USA: 1975-2004 (2008)

The mean age-adjusted incidence rate of retinoblastoma of 11.8 cases per million children aged 0-4 years in the USA is similar to rates reported from European countries. The age-adjusted incidence rate of retinoblastoma in the USA has remained stable for the last 30 years.
Plasma Biomarkers for Detecting Hodgkin's Lymphoma in HIV Patients (2011)

The lifespan of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has increased as a result of effective antiretroviral therapy, and the incidences of the AIDS-defining cancers, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma, have declined. Even so, HIV-infected individuals are now at greater risk of other cancers, including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). To identify candidate biomarkers for the early detection of HL, we undertook an accurate mass and elution time tag proteomics analysis of individual plasma samples from either HIV-infected patients without HL (controls; n = 14) and from HIV-infected patient samples with HL (n = 22). This analysis identified 60 proteins that were statistically (p<0.05) altered and at least 1.5-fold different between the two groups. At least three of these proteins have previously been reported to be altered in the blood of HL patients that were not known to be HIV positive, suggesting that these markers may be broadly useful for detecting HL. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software identified "inflammatory response" and "cancer" as the top two biological functions associated with these proteins. Overall, this study validated three plasma proteins as candidate biomarkers for detecting HL, and identified 57 novel candidate biomarkers that remain to be validated. The relationship of these novel candidate biomarkers with cancer and inflammation suggests that they are truly associated with HL and therefore may be useful for the early detection of this cancer in susceptible populations.
Aura 3D Textures (2007)

This paper presents a new technique, called aura 3D textures, for generating solid textures based on input examples. Our method is fully automatic and requires no user interactions in the process. Given an input texture sample, our method first creates its aura matrix representations and then generates a solid texture by sampling the aura matrices of the input sample constrained in multiple view directions. Once the solid texture is generated, any given object can be textured by the solid texture. We evaluate the results of our method based on extensive user studies. Based on the evaluation results using human subjects, we conclude that our algorithm can generate faithful results of both stochastic and structural textures with an average successful rate of 76.4 percent. Our experimental results also show that the new method outperforms Wei and Levoy's method and is comparable to that proposed by Jagnow et al. [21].
Efficient integration of inertial observations into visual SLAM without initialization (2009)

The use of accelerometer and gyro observations in a visual SLAM implementation is beneficial especially in high dynamic situations. The downside of using inertial is that traditionally high prediction rates are required as observations are provided at high sample rates. An accurate orientation and velocity estimate must also be maintained at all times in order to integrate the inertial observations and correct for the effect of gravity. This paper presents a way to pre-integrate the high rate inertial observations without the need for an initial orientation or velocity estimate. This allows for a slower filter prediction rate and use of inertial observations when the initial velocity and attitude of the platform are unknown. Additionally the initial velocity and roll and pitch of the platform become observable over time and an estimate of these values is provided by the filter. An estimate of the gravity vector is also provided. Results are presented using a delayed state information smoother implementation however due to the linearity of the equations this technique can be applied to extended Kalman filter (EKF) implementations just as easily.
Mastication of rubber. VI. Viscosity and molecular weight relationships for natural rubber after cold mastication (1957)

Abstract Values of limiting viscosity number, Huggins' interaction constant, k ′, osmotic molecular weight and Flory‐Huggins' constant, μ, of masticated and unmasticated rubber have been compared. A calibration of limiting viscosity against molecular weight has been obtained formasticated rubber, but one is not available for unmasticated rubber due to the occurrence of different extents of branching. A mechanism is advanced of rupture during mastication of molecules above a critical molecular weight.
Extensive necrosis of spontaneous canine mammary adenocarcinoma after extracorporeal perfusion over Staphylococcus aureus Cowans I. I. Description of acute tumoricidal response: morphologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, immunologic, and serologic findings. (1980)

Abstract Morphologic, histologic, immunohistochemical, and serologic changes were recorded in dogs with spontaneous breast adenocarcinoma after extracorporeal perfusion of plasma over heat-killed and formalin-stabilized Staphylococcus aureus Cowans I (SAC), which was embedded in a membrane filtration system. Whole blood was passaged into a continuous flow cell-separator in which plasma and formed elements were partitioned, and plasma was selectively circulated over SAC, 1 g/kg body weight, at a flow rate of 15 to 30 ml/min. In 12 dogs, gross and microscopic tumor necrosis was observed beginning 4 hr after perfusion. By 24 hr after perfusion, multiple visible lesions in six of six dogs exhibited extensive necrosis, but there was no reaction in uninvolved normal mammary tissue. In eight dogs, healing of large ulcerated areas of cutaneous tumor was observed within 8 to 18 days after perfusion. Microscopically, tumor cell necrosis with minimal leukocytic elements was observed 4 hr after extracorporeal perfusion associated with immunohistochemical deposits of IgG and C3 and ultrastructural evidence of lytic lesions on tumor cell membranes. Extensive infiltration of necrotic areas of tumor by leukocytes was noted 48 hr after perfusion. Toxicity of the procedure included mild fever in 6 of 12 dogs and leukocytosis, which were transient and abated spontaneously. No tumoricidal effects were observed after perfusion over Staphylococcus aureus Woods (SAW) (nonprotein A bearing) in three dogs that previously or subsequently responded to SAC perfusion. SAC but not SAW perfusion was followed by increases in circulating tumor-specific antibodies (TSA) for up to 48 hr after perfusion. Serum IgG and C3 levels declined after SAC perfusion. IgG subsequently rebounded above preperfusion levels, whereas C3 values were sustained below pretreatment levels for up to 48 hr. Immune complexes rose after perfusion and remained elevated for 72 hr. There was no significant release of 125I SAC from the extracorporeal circulation system. Findings taken together suggest that the acute tumoricidal response may be initiated by TSA that are rendered operational or freshly generated after extracorporeal perfusion over SAC. Finally, the rapidity, specificity, and magnitude of the observed tumoricidal effects with minimal host toxicity suggests that this extracorporeal modality may represent a potentially effective therapeutic instrument in canine breast adenocarcinoma.
RamA Is an Alternate Activator of the Multidrug Resistance Cascade in <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i> (2004)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) in Enterobacter aerogenes can be mediated by induction of MarA, which is triggered by certain antibiotics and phenolic compounds. In this study, we identified the gene encoding RamA, a 113-amino-acid regulatory protein belonging to the AraC-XylS transcriptional activator family, in the Enterobacter aerogenes ATCC 13048 type strain and in a clinical multiresistant isolate. Overexpression of RamA induced an MDR phenotype in drug-susceptible Escherichia coli JM109 and E. aerogenes ATCC 13048, as demonstrated by 2- to 16-fold-increased resistance to beta-lactams, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and quinolones, a decrease in porin production, and increased production of AcrA, a component of the AcrAB-TolC drug efflux pump. We show that RamA enhances the transcription of the marRAB operon but is also able to induce an MDR phenotype in a mar-deleted strain. We demonstrate here that RamA is a transcriptional activator of the Mar regulon and is also a self-governing activator of the MDR cascade.
Phrase correction by laser ablation of a polarization independent LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Mach-Zehnder modulator (1997)

We report the results obtained using a phase correction process of the TE- and TM-electrooptic responses of a Mach-Zehnder modulator integrated in a Z-propagation lithium niobate crystal. Phase correction is achieved by UV laser ablation. This ablation process allows the phase defects that can occur during the fabrication of the modulator to be cancelled out, in order to get a perfectly polarization-independent behavior.
Audited financial statements in the federal government: Intentions, outcomes and on-going challenges for management and policy-making (2010)

The Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990 (and the subsequent Government Management Reform Act of 1994) mandated federal agencies to prepare corporate-style annual financial statements and subject them to independent audit. Over a decade later, it is reasonable to ask what the consequences of CFO Act financial statements have been. Accrual accounting produces auditable financial statements that establish accountability, contribute to the credibility of financial information, and identify long-term financial issues; but financial statements are not linked to the processes for resource-allocation decisions, nor do they produce information needed by managers. Some of these shortcomings are explained by contextual and sectoral differences.
Reduced-state sequence estimation of OFDM signalin frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels (1995)

A reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) for detecting orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals transmitted over frequency selective Rayleigh fading channels is proposed. The Viterbi algorithm (VA) is used to search for the best path through the reduced-state trellis. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme reveals improved performance in symbol error rate (SER) compared to the previous noncoherent differential detection (NDD) methods.
Phage display cloning and characterization of an immunogenetic marker (perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody) in ulcerative colitis (1996)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is genetically associated with a marker serum Ab (pANCA), identified by its reactivity with a neutrophil Ag. This study utilized phage display technology to clone and characterize pANCA, which has resisted conventional isolation strategies. Since spontaneous pANCA-secreting B cells are detectable in UC lamina propria lymphocytes, this cell source was used to construct a complete IgG1-kappa Ig library. Selection of phage by panning with fixed neutrophils yielded a 195-fold enrichment after five cycles of panning. BstN1 fingerprinting of the enriched library revealed two predominant clones, and DNA sequencing demonstrated highly homologous heavy and light chain variable region segments. Clones were reengineered to express soluble Fab, and neutrophil binding was verified by ELISA. Detailed studies with the two recombinant Fabs, NANUC-1 and -2, validated their identity with serum pANCAs by the criteria of immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, and DNase I sensitivity. NANUC-1 and -2, like serum UC-pANCA, lack reactivity with previously characterized ANCA-reactive neutrophil proteins and thus detect a novel Ag(s). This study demonstrates the feasibility of selecting phage display Ab libraries on uncharacterized biologic substrates to isolate marker Abs of pathogenic importance.
RNA Interference Targeting CUG Repeats in a Mouse Model of Myotonic Dystrophy (2012)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an RNA dominant disease caused by expression of DM protein kinase (DMPK) transcripts that contain an expanded CUG repeat (CUG(exp)). The toxic mRNA localizes to nuclear foci and sequesters proteins involved in the regulation of alternative splicing, such as, muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1). Here, we used synthetic short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to target CUG repeats and test the concept that inhibiting the expression of CUG(exp) RNA can mitigate features of DM1 in transgenic mice. Intramuscular injection and electroporation of siRNA resulted in ~70-80% downregulation of CUG(exp) transcripts. A limited survey of endogenous mouse transcripts that contain nonexpanded CUG or CAG repeats showed that most were not affected, though Txlnb containing (CUG)(9) was significantly reduced. By this strategy, the number and intensity of CUG(exp) nuclear foci were reduced and splicing of MBNL1-dependent exons was improved. These data suggest that the expanded CUG repeats are a potential target for allele-selective RNA interference.
Immobilization of Enzymes via Microcontact Printing and Thiol–Ene Click Chemistry (2015)

This Communication describes a bioconjugation method for the generation of enzyme microarrays on surfaces using photochemical thiol-ene chemistry in combination with microcontact printing. Glucose oxidase and lactase were readily immobilized (i.e., printing time 2 min) on alkene terminated self-assembled monolayers on glass as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the activity of both immobilized enzymes was confirmed in single enzyme as well as cascade transformations.
Parametric study of low velocity impact analysis on composite tubes (2006)

Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering.
Differential promoter activity in benign and malignant human cells of skin origin* (1995)

In order to develop systems to express mammalian proteins in human skin-derived cells, we tested 6 different viral and 1 eukaryotic promoter (pCMV, pRSV, pSV, pMMTV, pPoly E, pPoly L, pHMT) for their ability to drive the expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme in different human skin-derived cells. DNA was transfected in human keratinocytes derived from normal foreskin and cervix, in the HPV-negative cervical cancer line HT-3 and in malignant melanoma cell lines (SK-Mel 23, SK-Mel 37) using a liposome-based technique or calcium precipitation. Transfection efficacy was controlled by cotransfection of a beta-galactosidase gene construct. The enzymatic activity of the CAT-gene expression was determined by incubation of the cell extract prepared from the transfected cells with 14 C-labeled chloramphenicol. The CMV-promoter was highly active in all skin- or mucosal-derived cells. In contrast to the strong CMV-promoter, the RSV-, SV-, and HMT-promoter were less active and varied in dependence of the cell type. The pattern of the promoter activity differed between benign and transformed genital keratinocytes. Only the SV-promoter showed a comparable strong basal activity, which was restricted to the SK-Mel 37 cells. In conclusion, the promoter activity has to be tested for each cell type depending on the aims of the gene expression.
THE SYNERGISTIC ACTION OF α-MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND TESTOSTERONE ON THE SEBACEOUS, PROSTATE, PREPUTIAL, HARDERIAN AND LACHRYMAL GLANDS, SEMINAL VESICLES AND BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE IN THE HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED-CASTRATED RAT (1975)

Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone was shown to act synergistically with testosterone to stimulate the sebaceous, prostate and the seminal vesicles in hypophys-ectomized-castrated rats. The sebaceous glands differed from the other three organs in that alpha-MSH not only acted synergistically, but also had a significant effect which was independent of the presence of exogenous testosterone. The response of the brown adipose tissue to testerone, considerably reduced by hypophysectomy, was not restored by alpha-MSH. The Harderian and lachrymal glands were also pituitary-dependent and their weights in hypophysectomized-castrated rats were not restored by alpha-MSH.
Release of phosphorus from biological nutrient removal sludges: A study of sludge pretreatment methods to optimize phosphorus release for subsequent recovery purposes (2003)

As part of on-going studies related to developmentimplementation of new technologies and approaches for enhancing recovery of phosphorus from municipal wastes, the effectiveness of various methods of pretreating waste activated sludges (WASs) from a biological nutrient removal (BNR) process was investigated to determine suitable methods for maximizing phosphorus release. The additions of a strong base (NaOH), strong acid (HCl), organic acid (citric acid), and sodium acetate to waste sludge all facilitated the release of phosphate into solution. The maximum phosphate release was obtained by adding 4.9 mmole/L (~400 mg/L) of acetate to an intermittently mixed digester. Excess amounts of acetate did not further increase the phosphate concentrations. Acetate addition, which triggers carbon storage, a unique characteristic of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) processes, releases internally stored phosphate compounds and is recommended as a method for releasing phosphates from EBPR sludges. Along with phosphates, various cations (most notably magnesium and potassium) were also mobilized and released into solution during digestion using acetate. These ions can be beneficially reused for struvite crystallization. Key words: acetate addition, caustic addition, phosphorus release, P-solubilization, sludge treatment, struvite.
Giga-bit scale DRAM cell with new simple Ru/(Ba,Sr)TiO/sub 3//Ru stacked capacitors using X-ray lithography (2002)

We have fabricated experimental memory cell arrays with a unit cell size of 0.29 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ (0.38 /spl mu/m/spl times/0.76 /spl mu/m). The layout was designed for a half-pitch 8F/sup 2/ cell with 0.14-/spl mu/m process technology, which is promising for 1-gigabit DRAMs and beyond. We developed three advanced technologies for this fabrication. Firstly, synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray lithography was used to replicate ultra-fine patterns instead of optical lithography. Secondly, we introduced a simple stacked capacitor composed of a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown (Ba,Sr)TiO/sub 3/ (BST) high-dielectric-constant film sandwiched by Ru-metal electrodes. Thirdly, we developed advanced etching techniques for the fine pattern fabrication using improved ECR discharged plasmas, which give less microloading effects.
Quantification of residual DNA in biological products. (1989)

Journal Article Quantification of residual DNA in biological products. Get access S R Per, S R Per Dept. of Molecular Biology, Quality Biologics Inc., Camden, NJ 08103 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C R Aversa, C R Aversa Dept. of Molecular Biology, Quality Biologics Inc., Camden, NJ 08103 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A F Sito A F Sito Dept. of Molecular Biology, Quality Biologics Inc., Camden, NJ 08103 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 35, Issue 9, 1 September 1989, Pages 1859–1860, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.9.1859 Published: 01 September 1989
Front Cover: Doping of organic semiconductors (Phys. Status Solidi A 1/2013) (2013)

The cover shows a schematic visualisation of the doping process in organic semiconductors. A matrix of the hole transport material MeO-TPD (black) is p-doped using the strong electron acceptor F4-TCNQ (orange). The background shows a pile of substrates with organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) that are based on the concept of molecular doping. In their Review Article on pp. 9–43, B. Lüssem, M. Riede, and K. Leo discuss recent work on both fundamental principles and applications of doping, focused primarily on doping of evaporated organic layers with molecular dopants in OLEDs and organic solar cells. Overall, controlled molecular doping can be considered as key enabling technology for many different organic device types that can lead to significant improvements in efficiencies and lifetimes.
IGF-I and TGF-β1 have distinct effects on phenotype and proliferation of intestinal fibroblasts (2002)

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) are upregulated in myofibroblasts at sites of fibrosis in experimental enterocolitis and in Crohn's disease (CD). We compared the sites of expression of IGF-I and TGF-beta1 in a rat peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS) model of chronic granulomatous enterocolitis and fibrosis. We used the human colonic CCD-18Co fibroblast/myofibroblast cell line to test the hypothesis that TGF-beta1 and IGF-I interact to regulate proliferation, collagen synthesis, and activated phenotype typified by expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and organization into stress fibers. IGF-I potently stimulated while TGF-beta1 inhibited basal DNA synthesis. TGF-beta1 and IGF-I each had similar but not additive effects to induce type I collagen. TGF-beta1 but not IGF-I potently stimulated expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and stress fiber formation. IGF-I in combination with TGF-beta1 attenuated stress fiber formation without reducing alpha-smooth muscle actin expression. Stress fibers were not a prerequisite for increased collagen synthesis. TGF-beta1 upregulated IGF-I mRNA, which led us to examine the effects of IGF-I in cells previously activated by TGF-beta1 pretreatment. IGF-I potently stimulated proliferation of TGF-beta1-activated myofibroblasts without reversing activated fibrogenic phenotype. We conclude that TGF-beta1 and IGF-I both stimulate type I collagen synthesis but have differential effects on activated phenotype and proliferation. We propose that during intestinal inflammation, regulation of activated phenotype and proliferation may require sequential actions of TGF-beta1 and IGF-I, but they may act in concert to increase collagen deposition.