gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neuron-specific restriction of a herpes simplex virus recombinant maps to the UL5 gene (1994)

We have previously shown that, when compared with either parent, a herpes simplex virus type 1/herpes simplex virus type 2 intertypic recombinant (R13-1) is attenuated by 10,000-fold with respect to neurovirulence in mice. Despite this, after intracranial inoculation, R13-1 replicated to titers of 10(5) PFU per brain. We present evidence that the restriction is specific for replication in neurons and have taken a three-step approach in determining the basis of the attenuation by (i) characterizing cellular tropism of the virus in both central and peripheral nervous systems, (ii) defining where in the viral replication cycle the restriction is manifest, and (iii) identifying the genetic basis of the restriction through marker rescue analysis. Following inoculation into the animal, R13-1 viral antigens predominate in nonneuronal cells, and the block to replication in neurons was found to be beyond the level of adsorption and penetration. Despite the restricted replication within neurons, the virus established a latent infection in spinal ganglia and could be reactivated by in vitro cocultivation of the ganglia. In studies carried out in cell culture, R13-1 was found to replicate normally in mouse embryo fibroblasts and primary mouse glial cells but was restricted by 1,000-fold in primary mouse neurons and PC12 cells. R13-1 appeared to produce normal levels of early RNA in these cells, but production of DNA and late RNA was less than that of the wild type. Marker rescue analysis localized the fragment responsible for restoring neurovirulence to UL5, a component of the origin-binding complex implicated in replication of the viral genome. Our results with this virus, with a cell-specific restriction, suggest that a neuron-specific component is involved in viral replication.
Effect of Synthesis Variables on Tack in Urea-Formaldehyde Resin (1988)

Abstract The degree of tack-the ability of resin to adhere to another surface under light pressure and over short time-in urea-formaldehyde resin varies throughout the particleboard manufacturing process and affects mill maintenance and board quality. A three-part study was conducted to evaluate the effects of certain synthesis variables-molar formaldehyde:urea ratio, ingredient concentration, reaction pH, and reaction catalyst-on tack of urea-formaldehyde resin in particleboard manufacturing. Southern pine particleboard mats were formed and prepressed in the laboratory, and tack was evaluated with the push-off method. Reaction pH significantly affected tack and viscosity, which were highly related. On the average, reducing formaldehyde:urea ratio and ingredient concentration increased tack; these two variables may be significant to tack development and resin morphology. Reaction catalyst did not affect tack or other resin morphology. Reaction catalyst did not affect tack or other resin characteristics, but resin surface tension contributed significantly to tack development. Further study should better define optimum manufacturing time and make tack development in particleboard manufacturing more predictable.
A study of flexible setup automation using robot (2002)

In this paper, a method of setup, process automation for machining is presented. Setup is a preprocess that aligns and fixes the target objects on the fixture. Using an industrial robot, an automated setup station system is proposed. As a target object, 8 kinds of moving blocks of LM guide products that requires process of face grinding, drilling, and tapping are selected. A F/T sensor is attached to the robot end-effector to measure the contact force and moment between tool and object.
Airline Reservations Systems: Lessons From History (1988)

This article discusses the evolution of airline reservations systems—from their inception as manually maintained inventories of seat availability, through their description as “anticompetitive weapons” used “unlawfully” to obtain and exercise monopoly power. The evolutionary perspective reveals interdependent industry, company, and technology forces that shaped the pattern of competition. Although many facets of the airline experience are unique to the air transport industry, the authors identify three features with broad implications for the strategic use of information technology. First, large installed processing capacity can be a source of economies of scale and scope. Second, established technical competence is a necessary requirement for gaining competitive advantage. Finally, sustainable advantage need not be the result of extraordinary vision, but the result of consistent exploitation of opportunities revealed during the evolution of adaptable systems.
Hepatitis C: A Multifaceted Disease: Review of Extrahepatic Manifestations (1995)

Patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and porphyria cutanea tarda should be tested for HCV infection. Conversely, signs and symptoms of these conditions should be sought in patients with chronic HCV infection. Interferon therapy is currently recommended only for patients with symptomatic essential mixed cryoglobulinemia.
Sequential Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Reaction of Amines with <i>o</i>‐Acetylenyl‐Substituted Phenyldiazoacetates (2008)

Abstract A highly efficient, tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) hexafluorophosphate [Cu(MeCN) 4 PF 6 ]‐catalyzed tandem Cu(I)‐carbene NH insertion/Cu(I)‐catalyzed hydroamination of alkynes, which leads to sequential formation of two CN bonds to yield isoindole derivatives, has been developed.
Functional genome of the human pathogenic fungus<i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i> (2005)

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a dimorphic and thermo-regulated fungus which is the causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, an endemic disease widespread in Latin America. Pathogenicity is assumed to be a consequence of the cellular differentiation process that this fungus undergoes from mycelium to yeast cells during human infection. In an effort to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in this process a network of Brazilian laboratories carried out a transcriptome project for both cell types. This review focuses on the data analysis yielding a comprehensive view of the fungal metabolism and the molecular adaptations during dimorphism in P. brasiliensis from analysis of 6022 groups, related to expressed genes, which were generated from both mycelium and yeast phases.
Synthesis of switched-mode converters (1983)

An analytical synthesis method is described which is capable of generating the complete set of switching converters which possess given attributes. This leads to a number of useful new converter topologies, as well as to a more fundamental understanding of switched-mode conversion. Two examples are considered. It is found that the class of single-inductor two-topology converters contains seven basic members. In addition, a class of converters with nonpulsating input and output currents also contains seven members. Zero input or output current ripple may be obtained in three of these converters.
Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: an examination of future possibilities (2004)

Chlorophyll fluorescence has been routinely used for many years to monitor the photosynthetic performance of plants non-invasively. The relationships between chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and leaf photosynthetic performance are reviewed in the context of applications of fluorescence measurements to screening programmes which seek to identify improved plant performance. The potential role of chlorophyll fluorescence imaging in increasing both the sensitivity and throughput of plant screening programmes is examined. Finally, consideration is given to possible specific applications of chlorophyll fluorescence for screening of plants for tolerance to environmental stresses and for improvements in glasshouse production and post-harvest handling of crops.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Human Urine and Purified Tamm-Horsfall's Glycoprotein (1988)

Dialyzed and dehydrated human urine and purified Tamm-Horsfall's glycoprotein revealed similar morphology by scanning electron microscopy. Single filaments, with diameters between 15-45 nm, splitting off and merging with thicker fibers at irregular intervals made up a three-dimensional meshwork with submicrometer pores. The resulting "fishing net" is capable of trapping microorganisms and may facilitate their elimination from the urinary tract by micturition. Tamm-Horsfall's glycoprotein may accordingly be a factor protecting against urinary tract infections.
Lemon-Yellow Nails and Long-Term Phenazopyridine Use (1997)

Letters15 December 1997Lemon-Yellow Nails and Long-Term Phenazopyridine UseGuy Amit, MD and Amir Halkin, MDGuy Amit, MDHadassah Mount Scopus Hospital; 91240 Jerusalem, IsraelSearch for more papers by this author and Amir Halkin, MDHadassah Mount Scopus Hospital; 91240 Jerusalem, IsraelSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-12-199712150-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:An 87-year-old man was referred to the hospital for dysuria. His medical history consisted of mild dementia and recurrent urinary tract infections. On examination, vital signs were normal and the patient did not seem to be in distress. His sclera were mildly icteric, and central cyanosis was observed. Deep lemon-yellow discoloration of all nails was also noted. Other than an enlarged prostate, findings on physical examination were unremarkable. Laboratory tests revealed macrocytic anemia (hemoglobin level, 11.9 g/dL; mean corpuscular volume, 99 fL), a bilirubin level of 104 µmol/L (mostly unconjugated), a lactate dehydrogenase level of 1063 U, ...References1. Thomas RJ, Doddabele S, Karnad AB. Chronic severe hemolytic anemia related to surreptitious phenazopyridine abuse [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:308. Google Scholar2. Gabor EP. Chronic severe hemolytic anemia from phenazopyridine [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:156. Google Scholar3. Nathan DM, Siegel AJ, Bunn HF. Acute methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia with phenazopyridine: possible relation to acute renal failure. Arch Intern Med. 1977; 137:1636-8. Google Scholar4. Gavish D, Knobler H, Gottehrer N, Israeli A, Kleinman Y. Methemoglobinemia, muscle damage and renal failure complicating phenazopyridine overdose. Isr J Med Sci. 1986; 22:45-7. Google Scholar5. Alano FA, Webster GD. Acute renal failure and pigmentation due to phenazopyridine (Pyridium). Ann Intern Med. 1970; 72:89-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital; 91240 Jerusalem, Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDrug-induced Nail DisordersNail Reactions to Antibiotics, Antimalarials, and Other MedicationsPhenazopyridineCase report of chronic cough and legs edema of an 84-year-old man: When the solution is found in the nailsHighly selective differential pulse voltammetric determination of phenazopyridine using MgCr2O4 nanoparticles decorated MWCNTs-modified glassy carbon electrodeDrug-induced Nail ChangesSALICYLATES, PARACETAMOL, AND OTHER NON-OPIOID ANALGESICSPhenazopyridineAnti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in goutPhenazopyridine 15 December 1997Volume 127, Issue 12Page: 1137KeywordsBilirubinDrug therapyMean corpuscular volumeMethemoglobinMethemoglobinemiaRenal failureToxicityUrineVital signs Issue Published: 15 December 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Transmission of Bancroftial Filariasis on Ukara Island, Tanganyika. I.—A Geographical and Ecological Description of the Island with an annotated List of Mosquitos and other Arthropods of medical Importance (1955)

A description is given of Ukara Island, which lies in the Tanganyika part of Lake Victoria, with an annotated list of mosquitos and other arthropods of medical importance found there. There are also notes on local plants and vertebrates. The inhabitants, called Bakara, live in cone-shaped grass huts over 20 ft. in height and diameter. People and cattle are housed together. The area of the island is about 45 sq. miles. The 17,000 inhabitants, almost entirely African, support themselves by advanced agricultural practices involving the use of manure and nitrogenous plants. There is a coastal belt of intense cultivation and a large central area of uninhabited grassland with extensive deep erosion. The beds of rivers which radiate from the centre are occupied by large irrigated areas. Seasonal fluctuations in lake level have little effect in general on cropping practices which are affected more by seasonal variations in rainfall. The average rainfall for 1950–52 was 62 inches per annum. Temperatures are equable throughout the year. Mean maxima for 1953 were 81°F. for April, 83°F. for May, 82°F. for June and 81°F. for July—mean minima were 70°F. for April, 68°F. for May, 69°F. for June and 67°F. for July. Wind velocities, recorded at noon, vary between 4·8 metres per second in June and 2·4 in January.
Wagner v. Cutler: Novel Interpretation of a Warranty Deed (1990)

Wagner v. Cutler: Novel Interpretation of a Warranty Deed
Development of a Deceleration-Based Surrogate Safety Measure for Rear-End Collision Risk (2015)

A surrogate safety measure can be used for preventing hazardous roadway events by evaluating the potential safety risk by using information on the driving environment gathered from vehicles. In this paper, the deceleration-based surrogate safety measure (DSSM) is proposed as a safety indicator for rear-end collision risk evaluation based on the safety conditions and the decision-making process during human driving. The DSSM shows how drivers deal with collision risk differently in acceleration and deceleration phases. The proposed surrogate safety model has been validated for severe deceleration behavior, which is a driver-critical behavior in high-risk situations of collision based on microscopic vehicle trajectory data. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between the proposed surrogate safety measures and crash potential. The measure could be used for collision warning and collision avoidance systems. It has a merit in that it reflects the characteristics of both vehicle (e.g., mechanical braking capability) and driver (e.g., preference for certain acceleration rates).
2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid- and Itaconic Acid-Derived Fully Biobased Unsaturated Polyesters and Their Cross-Linked Networks (2017)

A range of fully biobased unsaturated polyesters (bio-UPs) derived from 2,5-furandicarboxylic (FDCA), itaconic acid (IA), succinic acid (SA), and 1,3-propanediol (PD) were obtained via direct polycondensation. The chemical structures of the bio-UPs were identified by Fourier transfrom infrared spectroscopy and 1H NMR before they were cured together with a biobased, nonvolatile reactive diluent, guaiacol methacrylate (GM). The thermal and mechanical characterizations of the cured bio-UPs were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis, 3-point bending tests, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Results showed that the thermal properties, flexural strength, and modulus of the cured bio-UPs were greatly improved after the introduction of FDCA. The temperature of 5% thermal weight loss reached 330 °C, and the flexural strength and modulus reached 122.8 and 3521 MPa, respectively. These results indicate that the bio-UPs have the potential to replace petroleum-based UPs.
Clinical experience of rehabilitation therapists with chronic diseases: a quantitative approach (1998)

The largest group of chronically ill patients treated by physical therapists in primary care are patients with chronic back pain (82 per 1000). Stroke patients are the most common chronically ill patients treated by physical therapists in institutional care (157 per 1000) and by occupational therapists in institutional (358 per 1000) and noninstitutional care (246 per 1000). These therapists also see a variety of other chronically ill patients. Exercise therapists and podiatrists treat less patients with the selected chronic diseases.
A 100 &#x03BC;W, 1.9GHz oscillator with fully digital frequency tuning (2005)

A 1.9GHz CMOS digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) is designed in a standard 0.13/spl mu/m process, targeting ultra low power frequency synthesizers for wireless sensor network transceivers. The oscillator exploits subthreshold device operation and a low 0.5V supply to achieve power consumption of only 100/spl mu/W. A novel switched capacitor configuration is employed to realize a frequency resolution of 200 kHz with a tuning range of 150MHz. High quality bondwire inductors also reduce power consumption. The phase noise is -114dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset, achieving performance competitive with other published work.
A traditional first flush assessment of E. coli in urban stormwater runoff (2008)

The behaviour of microorganisms in urban stormwater should be thoroughly investigated and understood to (a) design treatment technologies that can reduce the human health risks of utilising stormwater and (b) develop models which can accurately predict the levels of microorganisms in urban stormwater to aid in health risk assessments. A crucial part of understanding the behaviour of pollutants in urban stormwater is to determine whether the pollutant experiences higher levels in certain portions of the event (e.g. does the pollutant experience a first flush?). The aim of this paper is twofold: (a) determine if the first flush phenomenon exists for a commonly used microbial indicator, Escherichia coli, and (b) determine whether the presence of a first flush is dependent on antecedent climatic and/or hydrologic characteristics. E. coli data collected from the wet weather flows of four urban catchments in Melbourne was used in the paper. Cumulative mass versus volume curves were used in conjunction with standard statistical inferences to determine that the first flush phenomenon was not consistently present, and that the presence and magnitude of a first flush varied considerably between each site. Regression analyses were used to determine that this variation was probably not caused by the same governing processes for all four sites, with different explanatory variables significantly explaining the first flush at each site.
Plant Metabolites. New Compounds and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Uncaria tomentosa (1991)

Bioassay-directed fractionation of the anti-inflammatory extracts of Uncaria tomentosa, using the carrageenan-induced edema in rat paw, has led to the isolation of a new quinovic acid glycoside 7 as one of the active principles. Furthermore, a new triterpene 8 was isolated as its methyl ester. The structures were elucidated by spectral and chemical studies.
Online navigation of mobile robot under the existence of dynamically moving multiple obstacles (2002)

Proposes an online navigation method of mobile robots for collision avoidance with dynamically moving obstacles, where the multiple obstacles always change their velocities. For more applications of mobile robots in the real world, the robots are expected to work well in everyday space where people are walking around. The robot must reach the desired point even in a dynamic environment where many people (obstacles) are moving. In such a situation where the environmental objects are dynamically changing their position, it is not realistic to have all information of the dynamical environment such as trajectory of a human being's motion. To cope with the situation, the robots usually have a sensor system to obtain real time environmental information, and robots should have an ability of sensor-based online motion planning for the dynamical environment. The paper considers the online motion planning problem where the workspace has multiple moving obstacles. The proposed motion planner basically uses an idea of velocity obstacle. After discussing some problems when applying the idea of velocity obstacle to online motion planning problem for dynamical environment, a modified method using the idea is presented. The main point of the modification is for coping with velocity changes of moving obstacles during the sensor cycle. The paper also discusses the efficiency of the resultant trajectory produced by the motion planner. Some simulations of online motion planning problems where multiple obstacles are changing their velocities are shown.
Blood Coagulation, Inflammation, and Malaria (2008)

Malaria remains a highly prevalent disease in more than 90 countries and accounts for at least 1 million deaths every year. Plasmodium falciparum infection is often associated with a procoagulant tonus characterized by thrombocytopenia and activation of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolytic system; however, bleeding and hemorrhage are uncommon events, suggesting that a compensated state of blood coagulation activation occurs in malaria. This article (i) reviews the literature related to blood coagulation and malaria in a historic perspective, (ii) describes basic mechanisms of coagulation, anticoagulation, and fibrinolysis, (iii) explains the laboratory changes in acute and compensated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), (iv) discusses the implications of tissue factor (TF) expression in the endothelium of P. falciparum infected patients, and (v) emphasizes the procoagulant role of parasitized red blood cells (RBCs) and activated platelets in the pathogenesis of malaria. This article also presents the Tissue Factor Model (TFM) for malaria pathogenesis, which places TF as the interface between sequestration, endothelial cell (EC) activation, blood coagulation disorder, and inflammation often associated with the disease. The relevance of the coagulation-inflammation cycle for the multiorgan dysfunction and coma is discussed in the context of malaria pathogenesis.
Signal processing with Occam and the transputer (1984)

The transputer and its programming language Occam offer a new approach to digital system design. The transputer is a computer on a chip, which may be used for building highly concurrent systems. Occam is a language in which a system may be described as a set of concurrent processes. Together they can simplify the task of designing and implementing concurrent systems. An ideal application with which to illustrate this is signal processing because it can make simple use of concurrency to build powerful systems. The paper describes Occam and the transputer, and shows how they may be used in a simple signal processing application.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among French People Living with HIV (2021)

People living with HIV are a high-risk population concerning the coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) infection, with a poorer prognosis. It is important to achieve high COVID-19 vaccination coverage rates in this group as soon as possible. This project used self-reporting to assess vaccine hesitancy and acceptance among people living with HIV towards the novel COVID-19 vaccine. Sixty-eight (28.7%) participants among the 237 declared their hesitancy to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Participants who expressed concerns about their health (p < 0.001), the requirement of mandatory COVID-19 vaccination (p = 0.017), and their chronic disease status (p = 0.026) were independently associated with the acceptance of vaccination. Conversely, participants presenting general vaccine refusal (p < 0.001), concerns about the serious side effects of COVID-19 vaccines (p < 0.001), and those already thinking having an immune status to COVID-19 (p = 0.008) were independently associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Our results suggest that vaccine strategy would be more successful in France with a communication strategy emphasizing the collective benefits of herd immunity in the population living with HIV and reassuring patients with chronic diseases about the safety of the proposed vaccines.