gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oral history projects: hints on organising and financing (1987)

With the increasing interest in oral history as a means of gathering community history in suburb, town and city, ways are being sought to organise and finance special projects. Grants from bicentennial authorities have aided this process but many who apply for assistance are inexperienced in oral . history and do not know how to organise a project and what financial help to seek. This article offers advice on these matters. It is assumed that the project under consideration is an oral history of a community. The ideas and hints are based on experience in setting up oral history projects in Western Australia, though the principles espoused apply to other types of projects.
Tissue temperature monitoring during interstitial photodynamic therapy (2005)

During δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) based Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy (IPDT) a high light fluence rate is present close to the source fibers. This might induce an unintentional tissue temperature increase of importance for the treatment outcome. In a previous study, we have observed, that the absorption in the tissue increases during the treatment. A system to measure the local tissue temperature at the source fibers during IPDT on tissue phantoms is presented. The temperature was measured by acquiring the fluorescence from small Cr<sup>3+</sup>-doped crystals attached to the tip of the illumination fiber used in an IPDT-system. The fluorescence of the Alexandrite crystal used is temperature dependent. A ratio of the intensity of the fluorescence was formed between two different wavelength bands in the red region. The system was calibrated by immersing the fibers in an Intralipid solution placed in a temperature controlled oven. Measurements were then performed by placing the fibers interstitially in a pork chop as a tissue phantom. Measurements were also performed superficially on skin on a volunteer. A treatment was conducted for 10 minutes, and the fluorescence was measured each minute during the illumination. The fluorescence yielded the temperature at the fiber tip through the calibration curve. The measurements indicate a temperature increase of a few degrees during the simulated treatment.
Structure and Ionic Conductivity in the Mixed-Network Former Chalcogenide Glass System [Na<sub>2</sub>S]<sub>2/3</sub>[(B<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>)<sub><i>x</i></sub>(P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub>)<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>]<sub>1/3</sub> (2012)

Glasses in the system [Na2S]2/3[(B2S3)x(P2S5)1–x]1/3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) were prepared by the melt quenching technique, and their properties were characterized by thermal analysis and impedance spectroscopy. Their atomic-level structures were comprehensively characterized by Raman spectroscopy and 11B, 31P, and 23Na high resolution solid state magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR techniques. 31P MAS NMR peak assignments were made by the presence or absence of homonuclear indirect 31P–31P spin–spin interactions as detected using homonuclear J-resolved and refocused INADEQUATE techniques. The extent of B–S–P connectivity in the glassy network was quantified by 31P{11B} and 11B{31P} rotational echo double resonance spectroscopy. The results clearly illustrate that the network modifier alkali sulfide, Na2S, is not proportionally shared between the two network former components, B and P. Rather, the thiophosphate (P) component tends to attract a larger concentration of network modifier species than predicted by the bulk composition, and this results in the conversion of P2S74–, pyrothiophosphate, Na/P = 2:1, units into PS43–, orthothiophosphate, Na/P = 3:1, groups. Charge balance is maintained by increasing the net degree of polymerization of the thioborate (B) units through the formation of covalent bridging sulfur (BS) units, B–S–B. Detailed inspection of the 11B MAS NMR spectra reveals that multiple thioborate units are formed, ranging from neutral BS3/2 groups all the way to the fully depolymerized orthothioborate (BS33–) species. On the basis of these results, a comprehensive and quantitative structural model is developed for these glasses, on the basis of which the compositional trends in the glass transition temperatures (Tg) and ionic conductivities can be rationalized. Up to x = 0.4, the dominant process can be described in a simplified way by the net reaction equation P1 + B1 ⇆ P0 + B4, where the superscripts denote the number of BS atoms for the respective network former species. Above x = 0.4, all of the thiophosphate units are of the P0 type and both pyro- (B1) and orthothioborate (B0) species make increasing contributions to the network structure with increasing x. In sharp contrast to the situation in sodium borophosphate glasses, four-coordinated thioborate species are generally less abundant and heteroatomic B–S–P linkages appear to not exist. On the basis of this structural information, compositional trends in the ionic conductivities are discussed in relation to the nature of the charge-compensating anionic species and the spatial distribution of the charge carriers.
Design of multimirror structures for high-frequency bursts and codes of ultrashort pulses (1994)

A stack of multiple mirrors may be used to change one short pulse into a carefully crafted burst with a designed envelope. For example, 800-GHz bursts, digital pulse codes, and other discrete time signals are reported here. The direct design of these structures is problematic. Though linear and causal, their impulse response is nonlinear with respect to the reflection coefficients of the mirrors. However, if we represent the structure's energy transfer laws as a product of 2/spl times/2 scattering matrices then we can determine the reflection coefficients needed to produce a desired response using a recursive layer-peeling procedure that bypasses some tedious mathematics.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A hydrophobin (ABH3) specifically secreted by vegetatively growing hyphae of Agaricus bisporus (common white button mushroom) (1998)

Aerial mycelium and hyphal strands of Agaricus bisporus, strain U1, exhibited a rodlet pattern at their surfaces characteristic for assembled class I hydrophobins. An SDS-insoluble/trifluoroacetic-acid-soluble fraction from strands was found to contain one abundant protein with an apparent molecular mass on gel of 19 kDa. Two sequences for this protein (ABH3), typical of class I hydrophobins, could be deduced by sequencing cDNA clones obtained by RT-PCR. The two forms of the protein could be assigned to different alleles present in the two homokaryons that constitute the heterokaryotic U1 strain. ABH3 displays all the in vitro properties of a typical class I hydrophobin such as SC3 from Schizophyllum commune but is not glycosylated or otherwise post-translationally modified because the molecular mass values deduced from the amino acid sequence (9228 and 9271 Da) and derived from mass spectrometry were in good agreement. The ABH3 transcript was found to be present in the vegetative mycelium of both primary and secondary mycelium but not in the fruiting bodies, whereas the reverse was found for the ABH1 hydrophobin. Using an S. commune mutant with a disrupted SC3 gene it was found that ABH3 can substitute for SC3 in inducing formation of aerial hyphae, suggesting a role of ABH3 in the emergence of aerial hyphae and strands in A. bisporus.
Geosynchronous satellite maneuver detection and orbit recovery using ground based optical tracking (2006)

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006.
CoAP-based enablers for designing efficient and reliable distributed IoT applications (2018)

family in Leuven who are originally from my hometown, Jimma, for what they did for me.Ermias and Fitsum (and their lovely kids Abigail, Yadon and Yonathan), I am so greatful for your excellent hospitality and introducing me to other friends in Leuven.Paulos and Nebiyat (and their kids), Rosa, Woizero Mulu, Jalle, Seble, Gelila, Thank you very much for all those wonderful days I spent and all the birthdays I celebrated with you.I am also grateful to Micheline and her husband, Ren Morel, for letting me stay at their place whenever I come to Ghent.Due to their caring nature, I was feeling
Edge states in the integer quantum Hall effect and the Riemann surface of the Bloch function (1993)

We study edge states in the integral quantum Hall effect on a square lattice in a rational magnetic field \ensuremath{\varphi}=p/q. The system is periodic in the y direction but has two edges in the x direction. We have found that the energies of the edge states are given by the zero points of the Bloch function on some Riemann surface (RS) (complex energy surface) when the system size is commensurate with the flux. The genus of the RS, g=q-1, is the number of the energy gaps. The energies of the edge states move around the holes of the RS as a function of the momentum in the y direction. The Hall conductance ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}_{\mathit{x}\mathit{y}}$ is given by the winding number of the edge states around the holes, which gives the Thouless, Kohmoto, Nightingale, and den Nijs integers in the infinite system. This is a topological number on the RS. We can check that ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}_{\mathit{x}\mathit{y}}$ given by this treatment is the same as that given by the Diophantine equation numerically. Effects of a random potential are also discussed.
New Anticancer Antibiotics Pelagiomicins, Produced by a New Marine Bacterium Pelagiobacter variabilis. (1997)

In the course of our screening for new anticancer compounds produced by marine bacteria, we found that a new genus marine bacterium Pelagiobacter variabilis produced new phenazine antibiotics, pelagiomicins A, B and C. Those compounds were labile in water and alcohols. The absolute structure of the main component, pelagiomicin A, and the structures of the minor ones were determined from the spectroscopic data and by synthesis. Pelagiomicin A exhibits activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria and antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.
Synthesis and characterization of novel wholly para‐oriented aromatic polyamide‐hydrazides containing sulfone‐ether linkages (2009)

Abstract Four novel wholly para‐oriented aromatic polyamide‐hydrazides containing flexibilizing sulfone‐ether linkages in their main chains have been synthesized from 4‐amino‐3‐hydroxy benzhydrazide (4A3HBH) with either 4,4′‐sulfonyldibenzoyl chloride (SDBC), 4,4′‐[sulfonylbis(1,4‐phenylene)dioxy]dibenzoyl chloride (SODBC), 4,4′‐[sulfonylbis(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene)dioxy]dibenzoyl chloride (4MeSODBC), or 4,4′‐(1,4‐phenylenedioxy)dibenzoyl chloride (ODBC) via a low‐temperature solution polycondensation reaction. A polyamide‐hydrazide without the flexibilizing linkages is also investigated for comparison. It was synthesized from 4A3HBH and terephthaloyl chloride (TCl) by the same synthetic route. The intrinsic viscosities of the polymer ranged from 2.85 to 4.83 dL g −1 in N , N ‐dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) at 30°C and decreased with introducing the flexibilizing linkages into the polymer. All the polymers were soluble in DMAc, N , N ‐dimethyl formamide (DMF), and N ‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP), and their solutions could be cast into films with good mechanical strengths. Further, they exhibited a great affinity to water sorption. Their solubility and hydrophilicity increased remarkably by introducing the flexibilizing linkages. The polymers could be thermally cyclodehydrated into the corresponding poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazolyl‐benzoxazoles) approximately in the region of 295–470°C either in nitrogen or in air atmospheres. The flexibilizing linkages improve the solubility of the resulting poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazolyl‐benzoxazoles) when compared with poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazolyl‐benzoxazoles) free from these linkages. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Improved Hydrogen Gas Getters for TRU Waste -- Final Report (2005)

Alpha radiolysis of hydrogenous waste and packaging materials generates hydrogen gas in radioactive storage containers. For that reason, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission limits the flammable gas (hydrogen) concentration in the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) containers to 5 vol% of hydrogen in air, which is the lower explosion limit. Consequently, a method is needed to prevent the build up of hydrogen to 5 vol% during the storage and transport of the TRUPACT-II containers (up to 60 days). One promising option is the use of hydrogen getters. These materials scavenge hydrogen from the gas phase and irreversibly bind it in the solid phase. One proven getter is a material called 1,4-bis (phenylethynyl) benzene, or DEB, characterized by the presence of carbon-carbon triple bonds. Carbon may, in the presence of suitable precious metal catalysts such as palladium, irreversibly react with and bind hydrogen. In the presence of oxygen, the precious metal may also eliminate hydrogen by catalyzing the formation of water. This reaction is called catalytic recombination. DEB has the needed binding rate and capacity for hydrogen that potentially could be generated in the TRUPACT II. Phases 1 and 2 of this project showed that uncoated DEB performed satisfactorily in lab scale tests. Based upon these results, Phase 3, the final project phase, included larger scale testing. Test vessels were scaled to replicate the ratio between void space in the inner containment vessel of a TRUPACT-II container and a payload of seven 55-gallon drums. The tests were run with an atmosphere of air for 63.9 days at ambient temperature (15-27°C) and a scaled hydrogen generation rate of 2.60E-07 moles per second (0.35 cc/min). A second type of getter known as VEI, a proprietary polymer hydrogen getter characterized by carbon-carbon double bonds, was also tested in Phase 3. Hydrogen was successfully “gettered” by both getter systems. Hydrogen concentrations remained below 5 vol% (in air) for the duration of the tests. However, catalytic reaction of hydrogen with carbon triple or double bonds in the getter materials did not take place. Instead, catalytic recombination was the predominant gettering mechanism in both getter materials as evidenced by (1) consumption of oxygen in the belljars, (2) production of free water in the belljars, and (3) absence of chemical changes in both getter materials as shown by nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
Development of new materials for solar cells in Nagoya Institute of Technology (2004)

Solar cells with high efficiency and low price have long been desired, however, the commercially available solar cells are still expensive and the efficiencies of them are not high enough yet. A tandem solar cell was fabricated to develop a high-efficiency solar cell, and amorphous carbon solar cells were fabricated to develop a low-price solar cell.An AlGaAs/Si tandem solar cell was successfully fabricated by heteroepitaxial growth of AlGaAs on Si substrate. At first, a p–n junction was formed in Si substrate by the impurity diffusion method. Then, an AlGaAs p–n junction was grown by MOCVD. Since the AlGaAs p–n junction has a graded band gap emitter, the photo-excited minority carriers can be collected efficiently. The energy conversion efficiency of AlGaAs/Si tandem solar cell was 21.4% (AM0) in spite of large lattice mismatch and difference in thermal expansion coefficients between AlGaAs and Si.Solar cells were fabricated by using amorphous carbon films deposited by Ion Beam Sputtering and Pulse Laser Deposition(PLD). The highest efficiency of 1.82% (AM0) was attained with a-C(IBS)/p-C(pyrolysis)/p-Si structure. Solar cells using a-C:H were also fabricated by PLD and Plasma CVD, and the efficiencies of them were 2.1% (AM1.5) and 0.04% (AM0), respectively.Other research activities on solar cells in Nagoya Institute of Technology are briefly mentioned.
Ethylene and programmed cell death in plants (2009)

Plants produce and utilize the gaseous hydrocarbon ethylene as a phytohormone throughout their life cycle. Ethylene is notoriously associated with fruit ripening and this aspect of its biology, along with its biosynthesis and mechanisms of signal transduction, has received a great deal of study. Many plants also employ ethylene signalling during instances of programmed cell death (PCD), including aerenchyma formation, epidermal PCD above emerging adventitious roots, senescence of petals, leaves, and reproductive structures, and endosperm death in developing cereal seeds. Ethylene-signalling during PCD is both spatially and temporally regulated, and is selective in that it induces PCD only in sensitized cells or tissues. This review examines instances of ethylene-regulated plant PCD, proposes a general model, and suggests avenues for future research that might improve our understanding of both PCD and ethylene signal transduction.
Simulation of high fluence swelling behavior in technological materials (1977)

The U.S. Breeder Reactor Program is employing charged particle irradiation experiments at accelerated displacement rates to simulate neutron-induced microstructural changes in materials of technological interest. Applications of the simulation technique range from the study of fundamental microstructural mechanisms to the development of predictions of the high fluence swelling behavior of candidate alloys for breeder reactor ducts and fuel cladding. An exact equivalence probably cannot be established between all facets of the microstructural evolution which occurs in the disparate charged-particle and neutron environments. To aid in the correlation of data developed in the two environments an assessment has been made of the factors influencing the simulation process. A series of intercorrelation programs and analysis activities have been conducted to identify and explore the relevant phenomena. The factors found to exert substantial influence on the correlation process fall into two categories, one which deals with those variables which are atypical of the neutron environment and one which deals with the additional factors which arise due to the large differences in displacement rate of the two irradiation environments. While the various simulation techniques have been invaluable in determining the basic mechanisms and parametric dependencies of swelling, the potential of these tools in the confident prediction of swelling at high neutron fluence has yet to be realized. The basic problem lies in the inability of the simulation technique to reproduce the early microstructural development in the period that precedes and encompasses the incubation of voids. The concepts of temperature shift and dose equivalency have also been found to be more complicated than previously imagined. Preconditioning of metals in a neutron environment prior to simulation testing is now being employed in order to provide more appropriate starting microstructures.
Separation and identification of urinary proteins and stone-matrix proteins by mini-slab sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. (1989)

Mini-slab electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel can be used to detect protein in unconcentrated urines containing more than 100 mg of protein per liter. Several urinary proteins--including albumin, transferrin, and the Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein--precipitate, partly or totally, if urine samples are stored at 4 degrees C for one or two days. The present procedure permits identification of the albumin and transferrin in unconcentrated urines, thus avoiding their partial loss. Stone-matrix proteins in 10 mg or more of urinary calculi also could be detected. Albumin, transferrin, and Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein accounted for greater than 40% of the total matrix protein in most of the urinary stones analyzed. The precipitation properties of these proteins and their high concentrations in stone matrix relative to those in urine suggest that they may play a role in stone formation and growth.
Design and synthesis of a tribranched phenylethynyl‐terminated aryl ether compound and its use as a reactive diluent for PETI‐5 (2007)

Abstract In this study, a tribranched, phenylethynyl‐terminated aryl ether compound (Tri‐PE‐PAEK) was synthesized. This novel star‐shaped compound exhibits a good combination of properties, such as a low melting temperature (252 °C) and good solubility in aprotic solvents, as well as a low melt viscosity (0.1 P at 280 °C). All these advantages make it a good candidate material for modern processing techniques such as resin infusion and resin transfer molding, which are the most favorable methodologies for current economical manufacturing of polymer matrix/carbon fiber composites. Furthermore, after undergoing thermal curing to yield a network at 370 °C for 1 h, a cured sample exhibited an unexpectedly higher glass transition temperature (370 °C), storage modulus retention above the glass transition temperature, and good thermal stability. In addition, this compound can be used as a reactive diluent for phenylethynyl‐terminated imide oligomer, which has the molecular weight of 5000 g/mol (PETI‐5) to reduce its viscosity and lower the minimum temperature of the minimum viscosity. Meanwhile, the toughness of a cured blended resin can be greatly increased with the addition of just 10% Tri‐PE‐PAEK to PETI‐5. Further loading levels of Tri‐PE‐PAEK in the blending would lead to a higher storage modulus and a higher mechanical strength without compromising the thermal stability. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4844–4854, 2007
Effect of the vulcanization time and storage on the stability and physical properties of sulfur‐prevulcanized natural rubber latex (2005)

Abstract Prevulcanized natural rubber latex was prepared by the heating of the latex compound at 55°C for different periods of time (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h). The changes in the colloidal stability and physical properties were evaluated during the course of prevulcanization. The prevulcanized latex compounds were stored for 300 days, and the properties were monitored at different storage intervals (0, 20, 40, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 days). During prevulcanization, the mechanical stability time increased, and the viscosity remained almost constant. The tensile strength increased during storage for a period of 20 days. The degree of crosslinking, modulus, elongation at break, and chloroform number were varied with the time of storage. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1804–1811, 2005
Promotion of peripheral nerve growth by collagen scaffolds loaded with collagen‐targeting human nerve growth factor‐β (2007)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a critical role in neuronal development and regeneration. However, the lack of efficient NGF delivery system limits its clinical application. We reported that a peptide deduced from collagenase, TKKTLRT, fused with NGF-beta could develop a collagen based NGF targeting delivery system. Our results showed that this peptide could allow fused NGF-beta bind to collagen specifically. In addition, we found that the polypeptide could result in a 2.3-fold increase in the expression level and a significant improvement of bioactivity of fused NGF-beta. In the in vivo function study, collagen membranes loaded with the collagen binding NGF enhanced the nerve growth. Thus, the targeting wound repair system could be important for the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
Widely tunable filter based on coupling between a side-polished fiber and a tapered planar waveguide (2004)

We demonstrate a tunable filter with a wide tunable wavelength range (>300 nm) based on coupling between a side-polished fiber and a tapered planar waveguide (PWG). The thickness variation, due to sliding of the upper block, of taper PWG on the side-polished fiber region shifted the resonance wavelength of the coupler. Design and fabrication technique are presented.