gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Alveolar Macrophage-derived Chemotactic Factor for Neutrophils (1980)

The presence of neutrophils within the lung is a characteristic feature of a variety of lung diseases. To evaluate the potential role of alveolar macrophages in modulating the migration of neutrophils to the lung, normal human alveolar macrophages obtained from volunteers by bronchopulmonary lavage, were exposed for various periods of time in vitro to heat-killed microorganisms, and noninfectious particulates, immune complexes, and the macrophage supernates were evaluated for chemotactic activity. The microorganisms, noninfectious particulates, and immune complexes were chosen as stimuli for alveolar macrophages because these stimuli are representative of a spectrum of pathogenic agents that cause neutrophil accumulation in the lower respiratory tract. After incubation with each of these stimuli, alveolar macrophages released low molecular weight (400-600) chemotactic factor(s) (alveolar macrophage-derived chemotactic factor[s] [AMCF]) with relatively more activity for neutrophils than monocytes or eosinophils. Checker-board analysis of the AMCF revealed that the factor was primarily chemotactic and not chemokinetic for neutrophils. The selectivity for neutrophils vs. monocytes could not be explained by a selective deactivation of monocytes, because the AMCF was more potent in deactivating neutrophils than monocytes. Partial characterization of AMCF demonstrated it was heterogeneous with the following features: (a) stable to heating at 56 and 100 degrees C for 30 min; (b) stable over a pH range of 1.0 to 12.0 for 60 min; (c) stable after exposure to trypsin, papain, chymotrypsin, collagenase, and elastase; (d) partially inhibited by serum chemotactic factor inhibitor(s); (e) two major isoelectric points (pI 7.6 and 5.2); and (f) partially extractable into ethyl acetate, ether, and hexane. Although AMCF was, at least, partially lipid in nature, it did not appear to be similar to previously described lipid chemotactic factors (e.g., hydroxy-derivatives of 5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid); analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry of AMCF extracted into ethyl acetate did not reveal the presence of 5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid. The macrophage supernates containing the AMCF also stimulated normal human neutrophils to release lysozyme and lactoferrin but not lactate dehydrogenase. These studies suggest that a wide variety of potentially pathogenic stimuli induce normal alveolar macrophages to generate a low molecular weight chemotactic factor(s) that preferentially attracts neutrophils. Because alveolar macrophages are normal residents of alveoli, it is likely that by releasing this factor(s) macrophages play a significant role in amplifying the inflammatory processes seen in many acute and chronic lung diseases.
Cell cycle-specific enhancement of type C virus activation by sodium n-butyrate. (1980)

The effect of sodium n-butyrate on chemical induction of xenotropic virus from synchronized Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed BALB mouse cells was examined. When added during the last part of the G1 phase, n-butyrate produced a large increase in cycloheximide induction during S phase. Under similar conditions, activation by 5-iododeoxyuridine was inhibited. When added with cycloheximide during the S phase, n-butyrate inhibited activation of virus. Studies with synchronized cultures showed that n-butyrate delayed the onset of DNA synthesis, characteristic of the S phase, and inhibited histone deacetylation in log-phase cells. The effects produced by n-butyrate could, therefore, be the result of lengthening the G1 phase of the cell cycle or a modification of histones affecting transcription during virus activation.
Tunable infrared detector with integrated micromachined Fabry-Perot filter (2007)

This paper reports design, fabrication and test results of a tunable pyroelectric detector with an integrated micromachined Fabry-Perot (FP) filter for gas analysis in the Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR). The new approach is based on a bulk micromachined Fabry-Perot interferometer with an air cavity, which is electrostatically tuned. Various types of moveable reflectors and spring configurations have been fabricated to determine the optimum solution with respect to maximum tuning range, low gravity influence on center wavelength and suitable filter bandwidth. Short and long cavity filters were designed for the spectral ranges of 3...4.3 μm and 3.7...5.0 μm respectively. The tunable filter is arranged on top of a current mode pyroelectric detector with a flat spectral response. It could be shown that the main challenge is to achieve a high finesse in spite of non-perfect parallelism, mirror curvature and additional phase shift caused by the Bragg reflectors.
EFFECT OF PLASTICIZER EXTRACTION BY JET FUEL ON A NITRILE HOSE COMPOUND (2015)

ABSTRACT Seven ester plasticizers were evaluated in a reference acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber (NBR) fuel hose compound with respect to extractability resistance to jet fuel. Plasticizers differed primarily in chemical structure (polarity) and molecular weight (monomeric vs polymeric). Plasticizer addition led to lower viscosity, maximum torque, modulus, tensile strength, and enhanced low temperature properties. Exposure to jet fuel caused plasticizer extraction resulting in compound softening due to absorption of the aromatic components in the fuel. The glass transition temperature shifted toward lower temperatures. Extraction resistance is enhanced by optimizing polymer–plasticizer compatibility and by using a higher molecular weight plasticizer. The use of the polymeric plasticizer A-8600 lowers the loss of other fugitive plasticizers, indicating the presence of specific plasticizer–plasticizer interactions. Of the monomeric and polymeric plasticizers, trioctyl trimellitate and A-8600, respectively, display the best combination of plasticizing ability and extraction resistance.
Simultaneous scheduling, binding and floorplanning in high-level synthesis (2002)

With small device features in sub-micron technologies, interconnection delays play a dominant part in cycle time. Therefore, it is important to consider the impact of physical design during high level synthesis. In this paper, an efficient floorplanning algorithm which takes into account the effect of interconnect delays on the overall cycle time of a given schedule is presented. A simultaneous scheduling, binding and floorplanning algorithm is also presented. In comparison to a traditional approach which separates high-level synthesis from physical design, our algorithm is able to make these stages interact very closely, resulting in solutions with lower latency and area. In addition, a detailed model is considered, taking into account multiplexer and register areas and delays.
An Adaptive Zero-Copy Strategy for Ubiquitous High Performance Computing (2014)

Using a heterogeneous platform has became a common approach to improve performance. This trend leads to critical problems of synchronization and superfluous memory copy construct, thus a memory model can be built to overcome this performance bottleneck via data exchange. Consequently, keeping the benefits of service consolidation while not losing performance and IO efficiency has become a crucial issue.
A Ten-microRNA Expression Signature Predicts Survival in Glioblastoma (2011)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor with very poor patient median survival. To identify a microRNA (miRNA) expression signature that can predict GBM patient survival, we analyzed the miRNA expression data of GBM patients (n=222) derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. We divided the patients randomly into training and testing sets with equal number in each group. We identified 10 significant miRNAs using Cox regression analysis on the training set and formulated a risk score based on the expression signature of these miRNAs that segregated the patients into high and low risk groups with significantly different survival times (hazard ratio [HR]=2.4; 95% CI=1.4-3.8; p<0.0001). Of these 10 miRNAs, 7 were found to be risky miRNAs and 3 were found to be protective. This signature was independently validated in the testing set (HR=1.7; 95% CI=1.1-2.8; p=0.002). GBM patients with high risk scores had overall poor survival compared to the patients with low risk scores. Overall survival among the entire patient set was 35.0% at 2 years, 21.5% at 3 years, 18.5% at 4 years and 11.8% at 5 years in the low risk group, versus 11.0%, 5.5%, 0.0 and 0.0% respectively in the high risk group (HR=2.0; 95% CI=1.4-2.8; p<0.0001). Cox multivariate analysis with patient age as a covariate on the entire patient set identified risk score based on the 10 miRNA expression signature to be an independent predictor of patient survival (HR=1.120; 95% CI=1.04-1.20; p=0.003). Thus we have identified a miRNA expression signature that can predict GBM patient survival. These findings may have implications in the understanding of gliomagenesis, development of targeted therapy and selection of high risk cancer patients for adjuvant therapy.
Verification and Validation of MapReduce Progra m Model for Parallel Support Vector Machine Alg orithm on Hadoop Cluster (2013)

We currently live in the data age. It’s not easy to measure the total volume of structured and unstructured data that require machine-based systems and technologies in order to be fully analyzed. Efficient implementation techniques are the key to meeting the scalability and performance requirements entailed in such scientific data analysis. So for the same in this paper the Sequential Support Vector Machine in WEKA and various MapReduce Programs including Parallel Support Vector Machine on Hadoop cluster is analyzed and thus, in this way Algorithms are Verified and Validated on Hadoop Cluster using the Concept of MapReduce. In this paper, the performance of above applications has been shown with respect to execution time/training time and number of nodes. Experimental Results shows that as the number of nodes increases the execution time decreases. This paper is basically a research study of above MapReduce applications.
Dose-dependency of massage-like compressive loading on recovery of active muscle properties following eccentric exercise: rabbit study with clinical relevance (2012)

Results showed a dose-response effect for magnitude and frequency of MLL on recovery of active muscle properties following EEX. Future studies will investigate underlying biological mechanisms for this enhanced recovery of muscle function.
Role of O‐acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase in sulfur amino acid synthesis in various yeasts (1993)

Mutants defective in O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (OAH-SHLase) were obtained in five yeast strains representative of different yeast genera: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces lactis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Trichosporon cutaneum. In vitro, in all five strains, the enzyme also had O-acetylserine (OAS) sulfhydrylase activity so it is a 'bifunctional' OAH/OAS-SHLase (Yamagata, 1989). The enzyme was only found to be essential in S. cerevisiae (OAH SHLase-negative mutants are auxotrophs). Its impairment in K. lactis caused a slower growth rate and a decrease of the sulfur amino acid pool. In T. cutaneum only the pool was affected whereas in Y. lipolytica and S. pombe the lesion caused no change in the growth rate nor in the pool. In all strains where OAH SHLase-negative mutants were prototrophs, a monofunctional OAS sulhydrylase was detected. The results indicate that OAH SHLase may play different physiological roles in various yeasts.
Interaction of color : Grundlegung einer Didaktik des Sehens (1970)

»Wenn jemand ›Rot‹ sagt (als Bezeichnung einer Farbe) und wenn 50 Personen zuhören, darf man erwarten, dass 50 verschiedene Rot in ihrem Bewusstsein auftauchen. Man darf sicher sein, dass all diese Rot verschieden sind.« Bereits an diesen beiden ersten Sätzen, mit dem das Meisterwerk der Kunsterziehung Interaction of Color beginnt, wird klar, wie komplex die Wirkung von Farbe sein kann sowie deren visuelle Wahrnehmung. Erstmals 1963 bei Yale University Press als limitierte Siebdruckausgabe mit 150 Farbtafeln erschienen, ging dieser Text ab 1971 als Taschenbuch mit wenigen Farbtafeln in Druck. Seither wurden mehr als eine Viertelmillion Exemplare in verschiedenen Ausgaben verkauft. Dieses einflussreiche Handbuch und Lehrmittel für Künstler, Dozenten und Studenten erscheint nun, in einer aktualisierten Übersetzung und deutlich erweiterten Ausgabe, inklusive 14 ausklappbaren Seiten. Neu eingeleitet von Heinz Liesbrock sind zudem rund 60 illustrierende Farbstudien abgebildet, mit denen Albers wichtige Prinzipien und Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Farbe und ihrer Wirkung demonstriert. Dieses Handbuch bietet nach wie vor ein unentbehrliches Wissen für alle, die sich mit visueller Kommunikation beschäftigen möchten
Localizing Faults in Cloud Systems (2018)

By leveraging large clusters of commodity hardware, the Cloud offers great opportunities to optimize the operative costs of software systems, but impacts significantly on the reliability of software applications. The lack of control of applications over Cloud execution environments largely limits the applicability of state-of-the-art approaches that address reliability issues by relying on heavyweight training with injected faults. In this paper, we propose \emph(LOUD}, a lightweight fault localization approach that relies on positive training only, and can thus operate within the constraints of Cloud systems. \emph{LOUD} relies on machine learning and graph theory. It trains machine learning models with correct executions only, and compensates the inaccuracy that derives from training with positive samples, by elaborating the outcome of machine learning techniques with graph theory algorithms. The experimental results reported in this paper confirm that \emph{LOUD} can localize faults with high precision, by relying only on a lightweight positive training.
Conditional Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Higher-Order Integer-Valued Autoregressive Processes (2006)

In this paper, we extend earlier work of Freeland and McCabe (2004) and develop a general framework for maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of higher-order integer-valued autoregressive (INAR(p)) processes. Our exposition includes the case where the innovation sequence has a Poisson distribution and the thinning is Binomial. A recursive representation of the transition probability for the INAR(p) model is proposed. Based on this representation, we derive expressions for the score function and the Fisher information matrix of the INAR(p) model, which form the basis for maximum likelihood estimation and inference. Similar to the results in Freeland and McCabe (2004), we show that the score function and the Fisher information matrix can be neatly represented as conditional expectations. These new expressions enhance the interpretation of these quantities and lead naturally to new de?nitions for residuals for the INAR(p) model. Using the INAR(2) speci?cation with Poisson innovations, we examine the asymptotic effciency gain of implementing the ML technique over the widely used conditional least squares (CLS) method. We conclude that, if the Poisson assumption can be justified, there are substantial gains to be had from using ML especially when the thinning parameters are large.
Staphylococcus aureus Panton-Valentine leukocidin directly targets mitochondria and induces Bax-independent apoptosis of human neutrophils (2005)

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin secreted by Staphylococcus aureus that has recently been associated with necrotizing pneumonia. In the present study, we report that in vitro, PVL induces polymorphonuclear cell death by necrosis or by apoptosis, depending on the PVL concentration. PVL-induced apoptosis was associated with a rapid disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, suggesting that PVL-induced apoptosis is preferentially mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. Polymorphonuclear cell exposure to PVL leads to mitochondrial localization of the toxin, whereas Bax, 1 of the 2 essential proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, was still localized in the cytosol. Addition of PVL to isolated mitochondria induced the release of the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and Smac/DIABLO. Therefore, we suggest that PVL, which belongs to the pore-forming toxin family, could act at the mitochondrion level by creating pores in the mitochondrial outer membrane. Furthermore, LukS-PV, 1 of the 2 components of PVL, was detected in lung sections of patients with necrotizing pneumonia together with DNA fragmentation, suggesting that PVL induces apoptosis in vivo and thereby is directly involved in the pathophysiology of necrotizing pneumonia.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT APPROACHES FOR CHEMICAL PROCESSES (1990)

Key Words: Quality improvementDesign of experimentsProcess noise simulationVariance component analysisProcess industry.
RBridges: Use of IS-IS (2008)

RBridges implement the TRILL protocol, which in turn makes use of an
extended version of the IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate
System) routing protocol to determine topology and frame forwarding
and for the distribution and synchronization of data. RBridges provide
optimal pair-wise forwarding with zero configuration, safe forwarding
even during periods of temporary loops, and multipathing for both
unicast and multicast traffic. Rbridges also support VLANs. This
document specifies some details of IS-IS PDUs used in TRILL.
Effects of Caryophyllene, Caryophyllene Oxide, and Their Interaction with Gossypol on the Growth and Development of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1988)

Journal Article Effects of Caryophyllene, Caryophyllene Oxide, and Their Interaction with Gossypol on the Growth and Development of Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Get access G. H. Gunasena, G. H. Gunasena Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. B. Vinson, S. B. Vinson Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. J. Williams, H. J. Williams Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. D. Stipanovic R. D. Stipanovic Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 81, Issue 1, 1 February 1988, Pages 93–97, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/81.1.93 Published: 01 February 1988 Article history Received: 24 February 1987 Accepted: 05 October 1987 Published: 01 February 1988
GaAs Film Formation from Low Temperature Chloroaluminate Melts (1986)

Prospects of electrochemically forming layers of the III–V semiconductor gallium arsenide from a room temperature AlCl3 : 1-butylpyridinium chloride melt are discussed. Electrochemical behaviours of gallium and arsenic species are investigated by voltammetry and coulometry, and the complexation is discussed in acid-base terms. Potentiostatically controlled reduction of mixtures of Ga(III) and As(III) halides in the melt leads to films containing both gallium and arsenic. Films have been analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and their compositions verified by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and electron dispersive scattering analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: Perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic Acid Diimides: Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Use in Organic Electronics. (2011)

Abstract Review: 161 refs.
S<scp>YNTHETIC</scp> J<scp>ETS</scp> (2002)

▪ Abstract The evolution of a synthetic (zero-net mass flux) jet and the flow mechanisms of its interaction with a cross flow are reviewed. An isolated synthetic jet is produced by the interactions of a train of vortices that are typically formed by alternating momentary ejection and suction of fluid across an orifice such that the net mass flux is zero. A unique feature of these jets is that they are formed entirely from the working fluid of the flow system in which they are deployed and, thus, can transfer linear momentum to the flow system without net mass injection across the flow boundary. Synthetic jets can be produced over a broad range of length and timescale, and their unique attributes make them attractive fluidic actuators for a number of flow control applications. The interaction of synthetic jets with an external cross flow over the surface in which they are mounted can displace the local streamlines and induce an apparent or virtual change in the shape of the surface, thereby effecting flow changes on length scales that are one to two orders of magnitude larger than the characteristic scale of the jets. This control approach emphasizes an actuation frequency that is high enough so that the interaction domain between the actuator and the cross flow is virtually invariant on the global timescale of the flow, and therefore, global effects such as changes in aerodynamic forces are effectively decoupled from the operating frequency of the actuators.
Are minidisc recorders adequate for the study of respiratory sounds? (2002)

Digital audio tape (DAT) recorders have become the de facto gold standard recording devices for lung sounds. Sound recorded on DAT is compact-disk (CD) quality with adequate sensitivity from below 20 Hz to above 20 KHz. However, DAT recorders have drawbacks. Although small, they are relatively heavy, the recording mechanism is complex and delicate, and finding one desired track out of many is inconvenient. A more recent development in portable recording devices is the minidisc (MD) recorder. These recorders are widely available, inexpensive, small and light, rugged, mechanically simple, and record digital data in tracks that may be named and accessed directly. Minidiscs hold as much recorded sound as a compact disk but in about 1/5 of the recordable area. The data compression is achieved by use of a technique known as adaptive transform acoustic coding for minidisc (ATRAC). This coding technique makes decisions about what components of the sound would not be heard by a human listener and discards the digital information that represents these sounds. Most of this compression takes place on sounds above 5.5 KHz. As the intended use of these recorders is the storage and reproduction of music, it is unknown whether ATRAC will discard or distort significant portions of typical lung sound signals. We determined the suitability of MD recorders for respiratory sound research by comparing a variety of normal and pathologic lung sounds that were digitized directly into a computer and also after recording by a DAT recorder and 2 different MD recorders (Sharp and Sony). We found that the frequency spectra and waveforms of respiratory sounds were not distorted in any important way by recording on the two MD recorders tested.
Fossil-fuel power plant process based on Lurgi pressure gasification of coal. [Gas desulfurization] (1970)

In this cohort study, preconception thyrotropin levels outside of reference range were associated with increased risk of reduced fecundity and SA. These findings may provide insights for the implementation of preconception thyroid function screening and the design of future levothyroxine supplementation trials.