gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On Universal and Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing (1999)

A novel universal and fault-tolerant basis (set of gates) for quantum computation is described. Such a set is necessary to perform quantum computation in a realistic noisy environment. The new basis consists of two single-qubit gates (Hadamard and ${σ_z}^{1/4}$), and one double-qubit gate (Controlled-NOT). Since the set consisting of Controlled-NOT and Hadamard gates is not universal, the new basis achieves universality by including only one additional elementary (in the sense that it does not include angles that are irrational multiples of $π$) single-qubit gate, and hence, is potentially the simplest universal basis that one can construct. We also provide an alternative proof of universality for the only other known class of universal and fault-tolerant basis proposed by Shor and by Kitaev.
Simulation Platform: A cloud-based online simulation environment (2011)

For multi-scale and multi-modal neural modeling, it is needed to handle multiple neural models described at different levels seamlessly. Database technology will become more important for these studies, specifically for downloading and handling the neural models seamlessly and effortlessly. To date, conventional neuroinformatics databases have solely been designed to archive model files, but the databases should provide a chance for users to validate the models before downloading them. In this paper, we report our on-going project to develop a cloud-based web service for online simulation called "Simulation Platform". Simulation Platform is a cloud of virtual machines running GNU/Linux. On a virtual machine, various software including developer tools such as compilers and libraries, popular neural simulators such as GENESIS, NEURON and NEST, and scientific software such as Gnuplot, R and Octave, are pre-installed. When a user posts a request, a virtual machine is assigned to the user, and the simulation starts on that machine. The user remotely accesses to the machine through a web browser and carries out the simulation, without the need to install any software but a web browser on the user's own computer. Therefore, Simulation Platform is expected to eliminate impediments to handle multiple neural models that require multiple software.
Crystal Structure of the Galectin-9 N-terminal Carbohydrate Recognition Domain from Mus musculus Reveals the Basic Mechanism of Carbohydrate Recognition (2006)

The galectins are a family of beta-galactoside-binding animal lectins with a conserved carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). They have a high affinity for small beta-galactosides, but binding specificity for complex glycoconjugates varies considerably within the family. The ligand recognition is essential for their proper function, and the structures of several galectins have suggested their mechanism of carbohydrate binding. Galectin-9 has two tandem CRDs with a short linker, and we report the crystal structures of mouse galectin-9 N-terminal CRD (NCRD) in the absence and the presence of four ligand complexes. All structures form the same dimer, which is quite different from the canonical 2-fold symmetric dimer seen for galectin-1 and -2. The beta-galactoside recognition mechanism in the galectin-9 NCRD is highly conserved among other galectins. In the apo form structure, water molecules mimic the ligand hydrogen-bond network. The galectin-9 NCRD can bind both N-acetyllactosamine (Galbeta1-4GlcNAc) and T-antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAc) with the proper location of Arg-64. Moreover, the structure of the N-acetyllactosamine dimer (Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc) complex shows a unique binding mode of galectin-9. Finally, surface plasmon resonance assay showed that the galectin-9 NCRD forms a homophilic dimer not only in the crystal but also in solution.
Shiga Toxin–producing <i>Escherichia coli,</i> Idaho (2007)

DOAJ is a unique and extensive index of diverse open access journals from around the world, driven by a growing community, committed to ensuring quality content is freely available online for everyone.
DeepSignal: detecting DNA methylation state from Nanopore sequencing reads using deep-learning (2019)

Supplementary data are available at bioinformatics online.
Solvolysis of xanthenyl and fluorenyl ion pairs in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvolysis of xanthenyl and fluorenyl ion pairs in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME)H. E. Zaugg and R. J. MichaelCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 6, 851–853Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00920a028https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00920a028research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views246Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Myocardial infarction in rats. Infarct size, myocyte hypertrophy, and capillary growth. (1986)

To determine the compensatory reserve capacity of the ventricular myocardium following infarction, the left coronary artery in rats was ligated, and the animals were killed 40 days later. Infarcts affecting an average 23% of the left ventricle were characterized by a 27% hypertrophic growth of the remaining myocardium that produced a complete replacement of the necrotic tissue. In contrast, infarcts with an average 50% loss of mass resulted in 83% expansion of the spared myocardium that was inadequate for a complete restoration of ventricular tissue. Myocyte hypertrophy was 26% and 78% in small and large infarcts, respectively. Cellular hypertrophy in both cases involved significant increases in myocyte transverse area and myocyte length. After large infarcts, there was an 18% reduction in capillary surface and a 16% increase in the diffusion distance. Corresponding values for small infarcts were -10% and 9%. These alterations combined with the deficient reconstitution of myocardial mass following large infarcts resulted in 25%, 29%, and 30% deficits in the absolute amounts of capillary lumen, surface, and length per ventricle respectively. Even with small infarcts, a deficit was seen in capillary luminal surface (-16%), and length (-19%). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that cardiac hypertrophy following myocardial infarction is consistent with cellular shape changes characteristic of a combination of concentric and eccentric hypertrophic growth. However, cardiac muscle cells appear to be unable to compensate for the loss of mass induced by a 50% infarct. The inadequate adaptation of the capillary vasculature in the infarcted hearts suggests that the injured ventricle is more vulnerable to additional ischemic episodes.
The Micromachinery of Mechanotransduction in Hair Cells (2007)

Mechanical stimuli generated by head movements and changes in sound pressure are detected by hair cells with amazing speed and sensitivity. The mechanosensitive organelle, the hair bundle, is a highly elaborated structure of actin-based stereocilia arranged in precise rows of increasing height. Extracellular linkages contribute to its cohesion and convey forces to mechanically gated channels. Channel opening is nearly instantaneous and is followed by a process of sensory adaptation that keeps the channels poised in their most sensitive range. This process is served by motors, scaffolds, and homeostatic mechanisms. The molecular constituents of this process are rapidly being elucidated, especially by the discovery of deafness genes and antibody targets.
EL SÁBADO EN LOS SALMOS Y EN LA LITERATURA SAPIENCIAL DEL ANTIGUO TESTAMENTO (2010)

Investigaciones académicas previas que estudian la teología bíblica del sábado casi han obviado la\nliteratura sapiencial del AT. Aunque en los salmos y en la literatura sapiencial del AT se hacen\npocas referencias al sábado, el autor ha llegado a la convicción de que esas pocas alusiones hacen\nuna contribución significativa a la teología del sábado. En este estudio se dará atención a la única\nreferencia explícita al sábado en los salmos y en la literatura sapiencial del AT (Salmos 92). Después\nse hará una exploración de otras alusiones en esta parte del canon bíblico.
Wireless Sensor Network Based Coal Mine Wireless and Integrated Security Monitoring Information System (2007)

According to the actual landform of underground coal mine and the demand of security monitoring, in this paper a coal mine wireless and integrated security monitoring system which combine wireless sensor network and wire monitoring network is proposed. This paper emphasizes a wireless sensor network for coal mine monitoring. In the light of the actual circumstances of coal mine, we propose two-leveled network architecture for the wireless sensor network, put forward a corresponding topology generation algorithm, and discuss monitoring mechanism about the network in details.
Stimulation of Nonspecific Resistance to Infection by a Crude Cell Wall Preparation from <i>Mycobacterium phlei</i> (1966)

Fox, Alfred E. (Warner-Lambert Research Institute, Morris Plains, N.J.), George L. Evans, Frank J. Turner, Benjamin S. Schwartz, and Ansel Blaustein. Stimulation of nonspecific resistance to infection by a crude cell wall preparation from Myocobacterium phlei. J. Bacteriol. 92:1-5. 1966.-Exposure of large quantities of viable Mycobacterium phlei to attrition in a colloid mill resulted in 90 to 95% disruption of the organisms. Isolation of the crude cell wall preparation was accomplished by centrifugation of the broken cells at 10,000 x g, resuspension of the sediment, and repeated centrifugation at 1,000 x g to remove intact cells. Single oral or parenteral doses of the cell wall preparation increased the resistance of mice and guinea pigs to experimental infection with Salmonella enteritidis, and of mice to Staphylococcus aureus, for prolonged periods after administration. Histological examination of the organs of mice treated orally or intraperitoneally revealed a lymphoid hyperplasia of the spleen and a Kupffer cell proliferation of the liver. The preparation was nontoxic to mice by the oral route at doses up to 5,000 mg/kg, and the intraperitoneal ld(50) was approximately 680 mg/kg.
Graphical Models for Game Theory (2013)

We introduce a compact graph-theoretic representation for multi-party game theory. Our main result is a provably correct and efficient algorithm for computing approximate Nash equilibria in (one-stage) games represented by trees or sparse graphs. 1
E. coli K-12 and EHEC Genes Regulated by SdiA (2010)

The genes of E. coli that respond to plasmid-based expression of sdiA are largely different than those that respond to chromosomal sdiA and/or AHL. This has significant implications for determining the true function of AHL detection by E. coli.
Microcephaly in north-east Brazil: a retrospective study on neonates born between 2012 and 2015 (2016)

The numbers of microcephaly reported here are much higher than the 6.4 per 10 000 live births reported by the Brazilian live birth information system. The results raise questions about the notification system, the appropriateness of the diagnostic criteria and future implications for the affected children and their families. More studies are needed to understand the epidemiology and the implications for the Brazilian health system.
Evidence that calcineurin is rate-limiting for primary human lymphocyte activation. (1997)

Cyclosporine (CsA) is both a clinical immunosuppressive drug and a probe to dissect intracellular signaling pathways. In vitro, CsA inhibits lymphocyte gene activation by inhibiting the phosphatase activity of calcineurin (CN). In clinical use, CsA treatment inhibits 50-75% of CN activity in circulating leukocytes. We modeled this degree of CN inhibition in primary human leukocytes in vitro in order to study the effect of partial CN inhibition on the downstream signaling events that lead to gene activation. In CsA-treated leukocytes stimulated by calcium ionophore, the degree of reduction in CN activity was accompanied by a similar degree of inhibition of each event tested: dephosphorylation of nuclear factor of activated T cell proteins, nuclear DNA binding, activation of a transfected reporter gene construct, IFN- and IL-2 mRNA accumulation, and IFN- production. Furthermore, the degree of CN inhibition was reflected by a similar degree of reduction in lymphocyte proliferation and IFN- production in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte cultures. These data support the conclusion that CN activity is rate-limiting for the activation of primary human T lymphocytes. Thus, the reduction of CN activity observed in CsA-treated patients is accompanied by a similar degree of reduction in lymphocyte gene activation, and accounts for the immunosuppression observed. (
Radial Applanation Tonometry as an Adjuvant Tool in the Noninvasive Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure Assessment (2014)

Since antiquity, the human arterial pulse represents an important parameter in the clinical assessment. Besides being routinely assessed in the medical practice, such pulse is not observed in its completeness yet, once many of the data obtained through it cannot be evaluated using conventional methods. Taking into account such methods, the measurement of arterial blood pressure using sphygmomanometry, although broadly widespread in the assessment and follow-up of patients who require accompaniment of their cardiovascular status, is not able to properly guide about parameters related to the central hemodynamic status, the latter most strongly associated with cardiovascular risk. Such incapability is due to the centrifugal augmentation of the pressures taken at different points of the arterial bed, based on the properties of the closed arterial system through which the blood flow travels. In this context, methodologies capable of assessing central parameters estimated using the pulse wave analysis, such as applanation tonometry, represent a promising adjuvant for evaluating patients with cardiovascular diseases, by providing detailed information concerning hemodynamic parameters otherwise inaccessible. In this scenario, the present review focuses on the applanation tonometry and its assessment on the radial artery, highlighting the importance of this method in the cardiovascular assessment, as well as its relevance in the clinical practice, when determining parameters peripherally obtained capable of estimating the central hemodynamic status.
My Voiceprint Is My Authenticator: A Two-Layer Authentication Approach Using Voiceprint for Voice Assistants (2019)

Voice assistants are a ubiquitous service of contemporary daily life. Their intuitive use and 24-hour-a-day convenience make them popular with an increasing user base. However, the security of voice assistants not not increased commensurate with the rising number of users and their increasing technical abilities. The lack of an authentication mechanism gives attackers an opportunity to exploit voice assistants to control and get personal information from linked services. The goal of this research is to provide an authentication method that protects voice assistants from attacks without degrading their usability. We utilize Microsoft Azure Speaker Recognition API and Google Speech API to implement an Android application to examine the approach. The results indicate that the voice authentication method can resist replay attacks and be easily learned and used.
Collective Action Frames, Advocacy Organizations, and Protests Over Same-Sex Marriage (2016)

Although new theories of collective action in the contemporary media environment have provided an expanded view of the structure of action, important questions remain. These questions include how action frames flow between advocacy organizations and individuals on social media, especially in cases in which organizations do not initiate collective action. To address this question, we used Granger tests to analyze roughly 800,000 tweets about a competing boycott and buycott campaign that occurred in 2012. We found that the conversation about the campaigns began postbureaucratically (i.e., through citizen networks). Although organizations’ involvement was associated with increased citizen attention to the campaigns, the organizations neither adopted nor influenced citizen frames on the issue. We view this as an illustration of the variable and sometimes unpredictable role of organizations in communication about collective action today.
Structure—Function Studies of the Eighth Hydrophobic Domain of a Serotonin Receptor (1999)

The most prominent structural feature of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily is their seven hydrophobic domains, which are postulated to form membrane-spanning alpha helices. Some members of the G protein-coupled receptor family, specifically several serotonin (5-HT) receptors, possess eight hydrophobic domains. The importance of this extra hydrophobic domain, located at the N terminus of the receptor, is unknown. This question was addressed by deleting the extra hydrophobic region from the 5-HT2C receptor and comparing its function and topology with those of the wild-type receptor. Immunofluorescence microscopy was used to determine the location of the N terminus of the epitope-tagged wild-type and mutant receptors. The N terminus of both receptors was extracellular, suggesting that the extra hydrophobic domain does not change the topology of this receptor and is unlikely to be a membrane-spanning alpha helix. Radioligand-binding studies in transfected cells and expression studies in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that seven hydrophobic domains were sufficient for normal function in these assays. Interestingly, the mutant receptor, now containing seven hydrophobic domains, is expressed at higher levels in transfected cells than the wild-type receptor containing eight hydrophobic domains, suggesting that the extra hydrophobic domain does impact the activity of this receptor by regulating its expression.
E2A expression, nuclear localization, and in vivo formation of DNA- and non-DNA-binding species during B-cell development. (1993)

A monoclonal antibody (Yae) was characterized and shown to specifically recognize E2A proteins in vivo, including the E2A-Pbx1 fusion gene products, p77E2A-Pbx1 and p85E2A-Pbx1. E2A proteins of a predominant molecular mass of 72 kDa, which comigrated with in vitro-produced rat E12 and and rat E47, were detected in human pro-B, pre-B, mature B, and plasma cell lines. The Yae antibody detected an E2A-containing microE2 enhancer element-binding complex (BCF-1) in pre-B- and mature B-cell lines in electrophoretic mobility shift assays which displayed a migration rate similar to that of in vitro-produced rat E12 and rat E47. A new E2A-containing microE2-binding species (P-E2A) was identified in plasma cells by using electrophoretic mobility shift assays. E2A proteins were detected in pro-B cells but were unable to bind the microE2 site. These observations suggest that the microE2 site is the target of stage-specific E2A regulatory complexes during B-cell development. Immunostaining analyses demonstrated the predominant nuclear localization of E2A proteins. Finally, we have identified an E2A form, designated I-E2A, which is unable to bind DNA. Our observations demonstrate novel in vivo mechanisms for the regulation of transcription by E2A proteins during B-cell development.
Correctability limitations imposed by plane-wave scintillation in multiconjugate adaptive optics (2006)

Plane-wave scintillation is shown to impose multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) correctability limitations that are independent of wavefront sensing and reconstruction. Residual phase and log-amplitude variances induced by scintillation in weak turbulence are derived using linear (diffraction-based) diffractive MCAO spatial filters or (diffraction-ignorant) geometric MCAO proportional gains as open-loop control parameters. In the case of Kolmogorov turbulence, expressions involving the Rytov variance and/or weighted C(2)(n) integrals apply. Differences in performance between diffractive MCAO and geometric MCAO resemble chromatic errors. Optimal corrections based on least squares imply irreducible performance limits that are validated by wave-optic simulations.
Towards the Selection of Best Machine Learning Model for Student Performance Analysis and Prediction (2019)

Educational Data Mining (EDM) has become one of the most important fields now a day because with the development of technology, student's problems are also increasing. In order to tackle these problems and help students, educational data mining has come into existence. In this research paper, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) has been carried out to get 20 studies (2012-2019) in the field of EDM. From these studies, 11 highly advanced machine learning models have been obtained and we have implemented them on 2 public student databases in order to predict their future outcomes. Feature extraction techniques have been applied and then models have been trained based on these databases to get the required results. Results of different machine learning models have been compared in order to find out the best model among them based on. With these experiments, weak students can be easily identified and proper precautions can be taken in order to help them.
The Amino Acid Sequence of Peptides from the Cross-Linking Region of Rat Skin Collagen<sup>*</sup> (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Amino Acid Sequence of Peptides from the Cross-Linking Region of Rat Skin Collagen*Andrew H. Kang, Paul Bornstein, and Karl A. PiezCite this: Biochemistry 1967, 6, 3, 788–795Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00855a019https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00855a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts