gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angular-Momentum-Biased Nanorings To Realize Magnetic-Free Integrated Optical Isolation (2014)

We present the concept and practical design of nonreciprocal optical nanodevices that do not require magnetic materials or bias, but instead are based on a fully integrated nanophotonic ring resonator spatiotemporally modulated to impart angular momentum bias that, according to the Onsager–Casimir principle, can break time-reversal symmetry. On the basis of this idea, we discuss optimal designs for compact optical isolators exhibiting arbitrarily large isolation and low transmission loss, achieved by properly selecting the quality factor of the nanoring, the amount of angular momentum bias, and the gaps between ring and channel/drop waveguides. A practical implementation based on stepwise modulation and pin junctions is explored, showing strong nonreciprocal response in a simple, integrated design. These findings can enable the realization of on-chip, fully integrable nonreciprocal optical nanocomponents as a new paradigm in all-optical communication systems.
X-ray photoelectron diffraction applied to crystallinity studies of III-V surfaces (1990)

Due to electron diffraction in the atomic network, the measurement of core electron peak intensity or Auger electron peak intensity from a single crystal surface as a function of the electron take-off angle gives rise to plots in which pronounced fine structure is superimposed on the instrumental response function.
Practical management for hyperlipidemia. (1995)

Risk assessment, known coronary and other atherosclerotic disease, and lipid levels determine the potential need for drug therapy. Specific lifestyle objectives are strongly emphasized. Indications and regimens for newer and older drugs are offered.
Tetragonal Almandine-Pyrope Phase, TAPP: finally a name for it, the new mineral jeffbenite (2016)

Abstract Jeffbenite, ideally Mg 3 Al 2 Si 3 O 8 , previously known as tetragonal-almandine-pyrope-phase ('TAPP’), has been characterized as a new mineral from an inclusion in an alluvial diamond from São Luiz river, Juina district of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Its density is 3.576 g/cm 3 and its microhardness is ∼7. Jeffbenite is uniaxial (-) with refractive indexes ω = 1.733(5) and ε = 1.721 (5). The crystals are in general transparent emerald green. Its approximate chemical formula is (Mg 2 62 Fe 2+ 0.2 7 )(Al 186 Cr 0 16 )(Si 2 g 2 Al 018 )O 12 with very minor amounts of Mn, Na and Ca. Laser ablation ICP-MS showed that jeffbenite has a very low concentration of trace elements. Jeffbenite is tetragonal with space group I 42 d , cell edges being a = 6.5231(1) and c = 18.1756(3) Å. The main diffraction lines of the powder diagram are [d (in Å), intensity, hkl ]: 2.647, 100, 2 0 4; 1.625, 44, 3 2 5; 2.881, 24, 2 1 1; 2.220, 19, 2 0 6; 1.390, 13, 4 2 4; 3.069, 11,2 0 2; 2.056, 11,2 2 4; 1.372, 11,2 0 12. The structural formula of jeffbenite can be written as (M1)(M2) 2 (M3) 2 (T1)(T2) 2 O 12 with M1 dominated by Mg, M2 dominated by Al, M3 dominated again by Mg and both T1 and T2 almost fully occupied by Si. The two tetrahedra do not share any oxygen with each other (i.e. jeffbenite is classified as an orthosilicate). Jeffbenite was approved as a new mineral by the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names with the code IMA 2014-097. Its name is after Jeffrey W. Harris and Ben Harte, two world-leading scientists in diamond research. The petrological importance of jeffbenite is related to its very deep origin, which may allow its use as a pressure marker for detecting super-deep diamonds. Previous experimental work carried out on a Ti-rich jeffbenite establishes that it can be formed at 13 GPa and 1700 K as maximum P-T conditions.
The particle SSV1 from the extremely thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus is a virus: demonstration of infectivity and of transfection with viral DNA. (1992)

The lemon-shaped "virus-like" particle SSV1 produced by the thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus shibatae has not previously been observed to infect any host. Using a plaque assay suitable for the extreme growth conditions of this archaeon, we have shown infection of Sulfolobus solfataricus by SSV1. Upon infection, the viral genome was always found integrated into a tRNA gene of the host chromosome, a situation similar to that in S. shibatae, proving that site-specific integration is involved in establishing the lysogenic state. As in S. shibatae, UV-irradiation of lysogenized S. solfataricus led to virus production apparently not accompanied by cell lysis. We have also demonstrated the efficient uptake of exogenous DNA and its expression in Sulfolobus by transfecting S. solfataricus with SSV1 DNA by electroporation. Transfection efficiencies of up to 10(6) transfectants per microgram of DNA were obtained.
The Relationship Between Autoantibodies to Triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>) and Thryoglobulin (Tg) in the dog (1991)

The relationship between T3 autoantibodies (T3AA) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAA) in dogs was investigated by determining the inhibitory effect of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroglobulin (Tg) on T3AA and TgAA binding activity and by determining the pattern of occurrence of the two activities in canine serum samples. Strong similarity in binding characteristics between the two activities, as one might expect if T3AA activity were merely a cross-reactivity of TgAA, was not observed. Canine T3AA activity exhibited a cross-reactivity to purified canine Tg that was intermediate between that of T3 and T4, indicating an antigenic relationship to an epitope of Tg. Average affinity constants of canine T3AA (N = 11) for T3, Tg and T4 were 1.76 x 10(10) M-1, 2.29 x 10(9) M-1, and 1.02 x 10(8) M-1, respectively. Canine TgAA activity, however, did not cross-react significantly with T3 or T4. Canine TgAA (N = 21) binding to canine Tg was not inhibited by T4 or T3 at concentrations up to 2 x 10(-4) M. Each of 23 canine serum samples containing T3AA also exhibited TgAA activity, although there was poor correlation between the magnitudes of the two activities. Neither T3AA nor TgAA activity was observed in serum samples from 16 euthyroid dogs; however, 46.7% of the samples from 15 hypothyroid dogs had detectable TgAA activity. T3AA is so rare that is was not observed in this small population of samples from hypothyroid dogs. The [125I] T3 binding in serum from hypothyroid dogs was elevated compared to that in euthyroid dogs, but was considerably lower than in samples generally designated as containing T3AA. These results suggest that T3AA found in occasional canine serum samples are due to the presence of autoantibodies recognizing a T3 containing epitope of Tg that is different from the epitopes involved in eliciting the predominant population of canine Tg autoantibodies.
Robot placement based on reachability inversion (2013)

Having a representation of the capabilities of a robot is helpful when online queries, such as solving the inverse kinematics (IK) problem for grasping tasks, must be processed efficiently in the real world. When workspace representations, e.g. the reachability of an arm, are considered, additional quality information such as manipulability or self-distance can be employed to enrich the spatial data. In this work we present an approach of inverting such precomputed reachability representations in order to generate suitable robot base positions for grasping. Compared to existing works, our approach is able to generate a distribution in SE(2), the cross-space consisting of 2D position and 1D orientation, that describes potential robot base poses together with a quality index. We show how this distribution can be queried quickly in order to find oriented base poses from which a target grasping pose is reachable without collisions. The approach is evaluated in simulation using the humanoid robot ARMAR-III [1] and an extension is presented that allows to find suitable base poses for trajectory execution.
Alteration of Blood on Storage: Measurement of Adhesiveness of Aging Platelets and Leukocytes and Their Removal by Filtration (1961)

DURING studies of blood viscosity with a method designed to determine resistance to flow in very small blood vessels, it was unexpectedly found that very high pressures became necessary to force blood-bank blood through a microfilter with multiple openings 20 microns square after storage in acid-citrate-dextrose (A.C.D.) solution for two to ten days or longer or in heparin for only one day. This phenomenon, the apparatus that demonstrated it and a method by which the filtration characteristics of old stored blood can be returned to normal are described below.Material and MethodsBlood was routinely collected in A.C.D. solution or . . .
Distinct vascular patterns of early synovitis in psoriatic, reactive, and rheumatoid arthritis (1999)

The distinct vascular patterns in PsA and ReA compared with those in RA may reflect different specific vascular factors in the pathogenesis of these arthritides. Vascularity and villous hypertrophy are the most reliable features of synovitis grading.
Management for community practice: ‘an idea whose time has come’ (2003)

Abstract Community practice is identified most frequently as the management of change, inter-agency working, community profiling, social auditing, partnership work, consulting service users, working with voluntary sector organisations, understanding and working with different ethnic, cultural and religious groups, research methodologies and community consultation. This book aims to address those people who are managing these processes. It is highly relevant to managers of community workers and community development workers, but above all it is aimed at those managers in the fields of health, planning, economic development, environmental work, social work, youth work, policing, community safety or education who have a brief to develop and implement community policies. The book also contributes towards equipping managers to face the new challenges presented by the continuing development of a community focus in public policy.
An IEEE 802.1Q-based management protocol of asymmetric VLAN (2003)

This paper provides an asymmetric virtual local area network (VLAN) management protocol used in switches to make an end station available to others in different VLANs without routers in the case in which end stations are VLAN-unaware. The protocol is a supplement to the IEEE 802.1Q standard. The paper first introduces an asymmetric VLAN management protocol for a single switch situation and gives the protocol properties. It then extends the protocol to be used where there are multiple connected switches. The asymmetric VLAN management protocol is implemented and tested in our broadband access system.
ATOMIC LAYER DEPOSITION OF LANTHANIDE OXIDE THIN FILMS (2006)

This thesis describes the processing of thin films of lanthanide (Ln) oxides by atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. Deposition of all binary lanthanide oxides was studied, excluding terbium oxide and the unstable promethium oxide. In addition, gadolinium oxide-doped cerium dioxide films were grown by combining the respective binary processes developed in this work. Films were characterized by a wide range of analytical techniques for structural, compositional, electrical, and surface properties. As background for the study, some promising application areas for lanthanide and rare earth (RE) oxide thin films are briefly introduced, and the ALD technique is explained. Reported ALD processes for RE oxides are then reviewed.\n\nLn(thd)3 and ozone were successfully utilized for deposition of most members of the Ln2O3 series. The deposited films were nearly stoichiometric Ln2O3 with only low concentrations of carbon, hydrogen, and fluorine impurities. Films were also uniform and smooth. Relative permittivity values were in the range of 8.4-11.1.\n\nIn addition to Er(thd)3, Er2O3 films were also grown with (CpMe)3Er and Er(tBu2amd)3 as metal precursors. All processes resulted in pure and nearly stoichiometric Er2O3 films. The growth rate of 1.5 Å/cycle obtained with the (CpMe)3Er/H2O process was approximately four and six times the rates measured for erbia films grown by the Er(tBu2amd)3/O3 and Er(thd)3/O3 processes, respectively.\n\nCerium dioxide films were successfully deposited with use of Ce(thd)4 or Ce(thd)3(phen) and ozone as precursors. Gadolinium oxide-doped CeO2 (CGO) films were then grown by combining the Ln(thd)x/O3 processes for the respective binary oxides. ALD-grown CGO films were dense and conformal, but the Ce:Gd ratio in the films could not be optimized to the level required in solid oxide fuel cells.
Applications of Artificial Neural Networks in the Petroleum Industry: A Review (2019)

Abstract Oil/gas exploration, drilling, production, and reservoir management are challenging these days since most oil and gas conventional sources are already discovered and have been producing for many years. That is why petroleum engineers are trying to use advanced tools such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) to help to make the decision to reduce non-productive time and cost. A good number of papers about the applications of ANNs in the petroleum literature were reviewed and summarized in tables. The applications were classified into four groups; applications of ANNs in explorations, drilling, production, and reservoir engineering. A good number of applications in the literature of petroleum engineering were tabulated. Also, a formalized methodology to apply the ANNs for any petroleum application was presented and accomplished by a flowchart that can serve as a practical reference to apply the ANNs for any petroleum application. The method was broken down into steps that can be followed easily. The availability of huge data sets in the petroleum industry gives the opportunity to use these data to make better decisions and predict future outcomes. This paper will provide a review of applications of ANNs in petroleum engineering as well as a clear methodology on how to apply the ANNs for any petroleum application.
Cyclosporin A is a potent inhibitor of the inner membrane permeability transition in liver mitochondria (1989)

The immunosuppressive peptide cyclosporin A is a powerful inhibitor of the Ca2+-dependent permeability transition in rat liver mitochondria. When swelling is used to monitor the transition, the inhibitor is effective regardless of whether N-ethylmaleimide, Hg2+, WY-14643, t-butyl hydroperoxide, oxalacetate, rhein, phosphate, phosphoenolpyruvate, or ruthenium red plus uncoupler is used as the inducing agent. Twenty-five to fifty pmol/mg protein of cyclosporin A reduces the swelling response by 50% with complete inhibition obtained at about 150 pmol/mg protein. The compound, which does not inhibit Ca2+ uptake or mitochondrial phospholipase A2, is effective when added before or after the transition promoting agent. These findings, together with the shape of the inhibition dose-response curve, suggest that cyclosporin A essentially titrates a mitochondrial component which is present at 80-90 pmol/mg protein. It is proposed that this component is a solute unselective, regulated pore or a factor involved in controlling such a structure.
Presentation tools for performance visualization: the M31 instrumentation experience (2002)

The performance analysis tools developed for M31, Digital Equipment Corporation's experimental multiprocessor, are described. The tools allow a user to instrument an application, monitor its execution, and analyze the collected event traces. The analysis and presentation tools give a view of the application's dynamic call tree as well as the flow of control within and between cooperating processes. The trajectory of a scientific application is described through the performance debugging process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in lung cancer: current perspectives (2015)

Mar&amp;iacute;a Gonz&amp;aacute;lez-Cao,1 Niki Karachaliou,1 Santiago Viteri,1 Daniela Morales-Espinosa,1 Cristina Teixid&amp;oacute;,2 Jes&amp;uacute;s S&amp;aacute;nchez Ruiz,3 Miquel &amp;Aacute;ngel Molina-Vila,2 Mariacarmela Santarpia,4 Rafael Rosell1,2,5,61Translational Cancer Research Unit, Instituto Oncol&amp;oacute;gico Dr Rosell, Quir&amp;oacute;n Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; 2Pangaea Biotech SL, Barcelona, Spain; 3Centro Nacional de Investigaci&amp;oacute;n Oncolog&amp;iacute;a (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; 4Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy; 5Cancer Biology and Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; 6Fundaci&amp;oacute;n Molecular Oncology Research, Barcelona, SpainAbstract: Increased understanding of tumor immunology has led to the development of effective immunotherapy treatments. One of the most important advances in this field has been due to pharmacological design of antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies are currently in advanced phases of clinical development for several tumors, including lung cancer. Results from Phase I&amp;ndash;III trials with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in non-small-cell lung cancer have demonstrated response rates of around 20% (range, 16%&amp;ndash;50%). More importantly, responses are long-lasting (median duration of response, 18 months) and fast (50% of responses are detected at time of first tumor evaluation) with very low grade 3&amp;ndash;4 toxicity (less than 5%). Recently, the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) breakthrough therapy designation for treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, supported by data from a Phase Ib trial. Another anti-PD-1 antibody, nivolumab, has also been approved for lung cancer based on survival advantage demonstrated in recently released data from a Phase III trial in squamous cell lung cancer.Keywords: immunotherapy, immunoncology, cancer, checkpoint inhibitors
Spin orbit torque based electronic neuron (2015)

A device based on current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) that functions as an electronic neuron is proposed in this work. The SOT device implements an artificial neuron's thresholding (transfer) function. In the first step of a two-step switching scheme, a charge current places the magnetization of a nano-magnet along the hard-axis, i.e., an unstable point for the magnet. In the second step, the SOT device (neuron) receives a current (from the synapses) which moves the magnetization from the unstable point to one of the two stable states. The polarity of the synaptic current encodes the excitatory and inhibitory nature of the neuron input and determines the final orientation of the magnetization. A resistive crossbar array, functioning as synapses, generates a bipolar current that is a weighted sum of the inputs. The simulation of a two layer feed-forward artificial neural network based on the SOT electronic neuron shows that it consumes ∼3× lower power than a 45 nm digital CMOS implementation, while reaching ∼80% accuracy in the classification of 100 images of handwritten digits from the MNIST dataset.
Alamandine (2014)

Alamandine is a vasoactive peptide with similar protective actions as Ang-(1-7) that acts through the MrgD and may represent another important counter-regulatory mechanism within the RAS.
Randomised clinical trial of the effectiveness of base-in prism reading glasses versus placebo reading glasses for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children (2005)

Base-in prism reading glasses were found to be no more effective in alleviating symptoms, improving the near point of convergence, or improving positive fusional vergence at near than placebo reading glasses for the treatment of children aged 9 to <18 years with symptomatic CI.
High-resolution ion isolation with the ion cyclotron resonance capacitively coupled open cell (1995)

For ion cyclotron resonance, a capacitively coupled open cell variant with fourfold radial symmetry was constructed and tested for axial excitation-ejection of large ions at high resolution. With a reverse of frequency sweep direction, this cell gave substantial improvements in signal-to-noise ratio due to linearization of the excitation electric field. Single isotopic peaks of ubiquitin (8.6-kDa) and carbonic anhydrase (29-kDa) molecular ions could be isolated by selective stored waveform inverse Fourier transform excitation, which yielded an order of magnitude higher isolation resolving power than previously achieved at high mass-to-charge ratio values.
Chemically Prepared Nanocrystalline PbS Thin Films (2001)

PbS nanocrystalline thin films were prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) technique. A comparative study between "standard" and "nanocrystalline" PbS thin films was performed. We denoted "standard" the PbS film with a good photosensitivity for to use as IR detector. This film was deposited after 1 hour from chemical bath containing reducing agent and Bi ions as doping clement. The "nanocrystalline" film was obtained at shorter reaction time (after 17 minutes) from reducing bath without doping element. The other parameters: concentration of the reactants, pH, temperature were kept constant for the all depositions.
<i>E.coli</i>RNA polymerase, deleted in the C-terminal part of its α-subunit, interacts differently with the cAMP-CRP complex at the<i>lac</i>P1 and at the<i>ga</i>P1 promoter (1993)

A deletion of the C-terminal part of the alpha-subunit of RNA polymerase is known to affect differently promoters activated by CRP depending on the location of the CRP binding site at the promoter. When the CRP binding site is located at -61.5, as at lacP1 (a type I promoter), activation is strongly impaired while it is not significantly affected at galP1 where CRP binds 41.5 bp upstream of the start of the message (type II promoter). We have investigated the differences in the architecture of the corresponding open complexes by comparing the positioning of holoenzymes reconstituted respectively with native or with truncated alpha-subunits (containing the first 235 or 256 residues of a) at two 'up' promoter mutants of the lacP1 and galP1 promoters (respectively lacUV5 and gal9A16C). First, the affinity of wild-type RNA polymerase for both promoters is increased by the presence of CRP and cAMP. By contrast, holoenzymes reconstituted with truncated alpha-subunits, show cooperative binding at the galP1 promoter only. Second, footprinting data confirm these observations and indicate that the truncated holoenzymes are unable to recognize regions of the promoter upstream from position -40. The absence of contacts between the truncated enzymes and CRP at the lacP1 promoter can explain the deficiency in activation. At the galP1 promoter, where the CRP site is closer to the initiation site, protein-protein contacts can still occur with the truncated polymerases, showing that the C-terminal part of the alpha-subunit is not involved in activation.