gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A MICROMACHINED VIBRATING RING GYROSCOPE (1994)

A new micromachined gyroscope based on a vibrating ring is described. The device measures rotation rate or whole angle inertial rotation by monitoring the position of node lines in a vibrating ring. To sense rotation, the ring is electrostatically forced into an elliptically shaped vibration mode and the position of the node lines are capacitively monitored. When the device is rotated about the ring center, the node lines lag behind the rotation due to the Coriolis force. The control and readout circuitry monitors this lag and develops a corrective voltage, that is proportional to the rotation rate, to hold the position of the node lines fixed. In the dissertation a detailed mathematical model of the sensor is developed. This model is used to understand and discuss the operation of the sensor and in the design of the control and readout circuitry. Experimental measurements of the model parameters show good agreement with the theoretical predictions of the device model. To fabricate the sensor, a low-cost process based on metal electroforming techniques was developed that allows large amounts of circuitry to be included with the sensor for signal readout, compensation, autocalibration, and self-test. Using this process sensors, including 3$\mu$m CMOS on-chip buffer amplifiers, have been fabricated. A resolution of approximately 0.5$\sp\circ$/sec in a 10 Hz bandwidth, limited by the on-chip electronics, has been obtained with this new sensor. The zero bias drift of the device was less than 1.5$\sp\circ$/sec over the automotive temperature range while the sensitivity of the device varied by approximately 30% over this same temperature range. Further improvements in the on-chip electronics, the sensor materials, and the sensor design are expected to push the resolution to below 0.1$\sp\circ$/sec in a 50 Hz bandwidth and to improve the temperature performance of the sensor. Recommendations for improving the sensor to meet the requirements for low to medium performance applications are discussed.
A Mixed-Valent Ruthenium−Oxo Oxalato Cluster Na<sub>7</sub>[Ru<sub>4</sub>(<i>μ</i><sub>3</sub>-O)<sub>4</sub>(C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)<sub>6</sub>] with Potent Anti-HIV Activities (2006)

A structurally characterized mixed-valent tetranuclear ruthenium-oxo oxalato cluster exhibits anti-viral activities toward R5- and X4-tropic HIV-1, and possesses cytoprotective activity toward HIV-1 infected cells.
Benzoannulation of ketones (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBenzoannulation of ketonesMarcus A. Tius and Sadaquat AliCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 16, 3163–3166Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00137a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00137a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views244Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Coagulation Factor XIII and Cardiovascular Disease in UK Asian Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography (2001)

Possession of the coagulation factor XIII Val34Leu (FXIIIVal34Leu) polymorphism is associated with protection against myocardial infarction (MI) in Caucasians, in the absence of features of insulin resistance. The role of this polymorphism in the UK Asian population, with its high prevalence of insulin resistance and ischaemic heart disease, is unknown. We investigated the frequency of genotypes at this polymorphism, and measures of circulating FXIII in a group of UK Asians attending for coronary angiography. Genotype at the FXIIIVal34Leu polymorphism was not associated with MI. FXIII B-subunit levels correlated with waist: hip ratio (r = 0.19, p <0.005), HbA1c (r = 0.18, p <0.05), fasting triglycerides (r = 0.21, p <0.005), total cholesterol (r = 0.29, p <0.0005) and PAI-1 antigen (r = 0.24, p <0.005). An association between FXIIIVal34Leu and FXIII cross-linking activity was confirmed in these subjects (one-way ANOVA p <0.0005). This evidence does not support the hypothesis that FXIIIVal34Leu is protective against MI in the UK Asian population. FXIII B-subunit levels are strongly linked to risk factors for cardiovascular disease, suggesting an underlying association with insulin resistance.
Nanostructured Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide Thin Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (2011)

Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) paste was prepared by sol-gel and hydrothermal method with various precursors. Nanostructured mesoporous TiO 2 thin-film back electrode was fabricated from the nanoparticle colloidal paste, and its performance was compared with that made of commercial P25 TiO 2 . The best performance was demonstrated by the DSSC having a 16 μ m-thick TTIP-TiO 2 back electrode, which gave a solar energy conversion efficiency of 6.03%. The ability of stong adhesion on ITO conducting glass substrate and the high surface area are considered important characteristics of TiO 2 thin film. The results show that a thin film with good adhesion can be made from the prepared colloidal paste as a result of alleviating the possibility of electron transfer loss. One can control the colloidal particle size from sol-gel method. Therefore, by optimizing the preparation conditions, TiO 2 paste with nanoparticle and narrow diameter distribution was obtained.
PROCESSING and EVALUATION of CARBONATED BEVERAGE FROM JACKFRUIT WASTE (ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS) (1993)

Edible bulbs of ripe jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) are consumed for their fine taste and pleasant aroma. the edible portion is about 30% by weight. About 50% of fruit, composed of rind and unfertilized floral parts, which are also rich in jackfruit flavor, are usually discarded as waste, because they are fibrous. A process for the preparation of clarified juice has been developed and involves treatment of the jackfruit waste with pectic enzyme at 0.3% concentration (vw), incubation for 2 hat 40C and subsequent filtration, giving about 60% yield of clarified juice having 23° Brix and 0.15-0.20% acidity. Sensory evaluation of ready-to-serve (RTS) beverages (12% juice, 15° Brix sugars and 0.3% acidity) without and with carbonation at 3 levels (CO2 gas pressures 0. 775, 2.092 and 3.685 kg/cm2) by a 15-member trained panel revealed that the product was highly acceptable either without or with carbonation at 0. 775 kg/cm2, compared to higher levels ofcarbonation. It is concluded that preparation of beverage from jackfruit waste as a byproduct, besides processing of bulbs and seeds, brings about the effective utilization of jackfruit to over 80%.
Decreased Sound Tolerance and Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) (2002)

The main objective of Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) is habituation of activation of the autonomic nervous system, evoked by signals present in the auditory pathways. Sound therapy aims at decreasing the strength of these signals. The same systems in the brain are involved in tinnitus and decreased sound tolerance, and the same basic neurophysiological mechanisms are utilised for decreasing the tinnitusrelated neuronal activity and, in case of hyperacusis, abnormally enhanced activity induced by external sounds. The similarity of TRT treatment between tinnitus and misophonia is even closer, as in both situations the goal is to achieve extinction of functional connections between the auditory and the limbic and autonomic nervous systems. The increased gain within the auditory pathways that are presumably responsible for hyperacusis could enhance the tinnitus signal, thus it is possible to expect coexistence of tinnitus and hyperacusis, and the predisposition of hyperacusis patients to develop tinnitus. As such, for some patients tinnitus and hyperacusis may be considered the double manifestation of the same internal phenomenon.
The receptor for urokinase‐type plasminogen activator is expressed during mouse spermatogenesis (1997)

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) binds to a plasma membrane receptor (uPAR) that localizes plasmin generation to the cell environment. Mouse spermatozoa have surface-bound uPA, which appears to be acquired from genital tract secretions at ejaculation. We determined the presence of uPAR mRNA in spermatogenic cells and their uPA-binding activity. Northern blot and in situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of uPAR mRNA in germ cells. Binding of uPA, but not of a mutant enzyme lacking the receptor-binding domain, indicated the presence of uPAR on spermatids and spermatozoa. The uPAR and/or receptor-bound uPA may be involved in spermatogenesis, spermatozoa maturation or fertilization.
Wireless Sensing and Communication Capability from In-Core to a Monitoring Center (2020)

Significant cost savings can be made if electrical cables can be replaced by wireless technology in current Nuclear Power Plants (NPP) and in advance reactor designs. Wireless technology can also provide in-core opportunities by significantly reducing the number of penetrations in the pressure vessel, cost and complexity of sensor installation and by increasing the efficiency of current and advanced reactors. Unlike other deployment scenarios for an industrial environment, operators need to have centralized control over all the networks. Centralized control will reduce implementation costs, provide single point control and enable monitoring of network devices, improve security, and enhance connectivity. Micro-sensors that can simultaneously monitor temperature and pressure within a fuel rod inside nuclear reactors will enable preventative actions during abnormal operating conditions. This ability could avert accidents and enable the expedient development of accident tolerant fuels. A novel micro-sensor suite (~ mm) to simultaneously measure multiple parameters such as temperature, strain, pressure, and neutron/gamma flux inside a fuel rod is being developed for use in reactors. The necessary communication architecture is also being developed to transmit measurement signals from the core to the plant's data cloud or control room. A three three-tier strategy has been developed to support wireless transmission of in-core measurements to the control room or to a secure cloud platform for control, analytics, and decision-making purposes. 1. In-core: data signal from in-core to outside of the pressure vessel within the containment building 2. Containment building: data signal from inside to the outside of the containment building and into the balance of the plant network 3. Balance of the plant network: information transmitted to the data cloud and control room This plan presents a wireless sensing and communication system for use within a reactor core and elsewhere. The communication technology is advantageous to compensate for network equipment failures and adverse data transmission conditions. Wireless technology will significantly increase the resiliency of the plants network system. The wireless system naturally provides multiple transmission path capability and data redundancy.
Separation and analysis of novel polyunsaturated mycolic acids from a psychrophilic, acid‐fast bacterium, <i>Gordona aurantiaca</i> (1984)

More than 30 molecular species of highly unsaturated mycolic acids, ranging from C60 to C78 and possessing between two and seven double bonds, have been obtained from a new genus of acid-fast bacteria, Gordona aurantiaca. They were fully separated and identified as their trimethylsilyl ether derivatives by a combination of silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC), argentation thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). On silica gel thin-layer chromatography two adjacent spots, corresponding to mycolic acids possessing different structures of straight-chain and alpha-alkyl branch, were detected. The lower spot was separated by argentation TLC into four subclasses: monoenoic (including a small amount of saturated), dienoic, trienoic and tetraenoic mycolic acids ranging from C62 to C74 and possessing a C16:0, C18:0 or C20:0 alkyl branch at the C-2 position. The upper spot was separated by argentation TLC into five subclasses: dienoic (including a small amount of monoenoic), trienoic, tetraenoic, pentaenoic and hexaenoic (heptaenoic) acids ranging from C64 to C78 and possessing a C18:1 or C20:1 alkyl branch at the C-2 position. These types of mycolic acid structure differ from those reported previously in Mycobacteria and Nocardia, in the numbers of both carbon atoms and double-bonds and the intermediate length of the alpha-alkyl branch. The characteristic polyenoic structure of the straight-chain alkyl unit was also confirmed by GC/MS analysis of the meromycolaldehydes obtained after pyrolysis of the methyl mycolates. The major aldehydes obtained from the lower-spot mycolic acids were C44, C46, C48, C50 and C52, while those from the upper-spot mycolic acids were C48, C50, C52, C54 and C56, centering at C54. These aldehydes were also shown to possess between two and four double bonds in the lower-spot and between two and seven double bonds in the higher-spot mycolic acids, respectively. The physiological role of such highly polyunsaturated mycolic acids in psychrophilic acid-fast bacteria is discussed.
Mining Video Hierarchical Structure for Efficient Management and Access (2006)

To access video content, the suitable organization of video data is critical. The basic structure of video is a hierarchical structure that consists of four kinds of components, namely frame, shot, scene, and video program. To achieve such a structure, not only the shot detection and shot similarity, but also the scene structure construction is important. A simple framework for video hierarchical structure mining is to segment continued video frames into discrete physical shots, extract features from video shots and construct scene structure based on shots. In this paper, an efficient shot detection algorithm is proposed, and a novel algorithm for measuring video shot similarity is developed and scene change detection (SCD) is adopted to construct video scene based on color, texture and semantic similarity between shots. Our experimental results demonstrate the performance of the algorithms is promising
Comparison of triple-patterning decomposition algorithms using aperiodic tiling patterns (2008)

Double patterning has gained prominence as the most likely methodology to help keep Moore's law going towards 22nm 1/2 pitch lithography. However, most designs cannot be blindly shrunk to run using only two patterning layers and a variety of constraints must be imposed on designs to allow for correct decomposition. These constraints are more onerous for the contact layer than for line/space patterns because they more easily form odd cycles on the 2D plane, which cannot be broken using polygon cutting. As this can adversely limit packing density, especially in bit cells, a triple patterning decomposition capability could be attractive for the contact layer. Pattern decomposition for contacts can be likened to coloring a map where minimum spaces between contacts are replaced with borders. It is well known that 4 colors can color any map, but it is an NP-complete problem to compute the minimum number of colors needed to color any given map. This should place an upper limit on the scalability of any algorithm able to color large networks. A variety of test patterns that are known 3-colorable are needed to compare suitable algorithms. It has been proved that a set of aperiodic tiling known as "Penrose Tiles" is 3-colorable. This paper compares the scalability of different coloring algorithms using a variety of contact patterns based on Penrose Tiles.
Photodynamic therapy in dermatology (1999)

Editorial commentTherapies that selectively target diseased cells while sparing normal tissue remain the goal of modern medicine. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) achieves double selectivity both by the degree that preferential accumulation of the photosensitizer occurs in the targeted cells and the extent to which the illumination is spatially localized to the target. Dr. GI Stables has reviewed the burgeoning literature on this oxygen-requiring technique by discussing its essential components (photosensitizers, light sources) and its many applications including benign, premalignant, and malignant disease. Most studied has been the use of 5 -aminolaevulinic acid PDT for psoriasis, actinic keratoses and non-melanoma skin cancer. While residents and trainees have reason to be excited about these developments, all readers should be cautioned that PDT's role in routine dermatological practice awaits comparison to carefully controlled trials involving comparison to more standardized techniques.
Transforming Growth Factor-β Potentiation of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Induced Deoxyribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Hamster Preantral Follicles is Mediated by a Latent Induction of Epidermal Growth Factor1 (1993)

The mechanisms of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) potentiation of FSH action on follicular DNA synthesis in the hamster were investigated by use of TGF-beta (beta 1 and beta 2) and a potent epidermal growth factor (EGF)-specific polyclonal antibody. Preantral follicles at stages 1-6 and early antral follicles at stage 7 were enzymatically and mechanically isolated from adult golden hamsters on proestrus. Follicles were incubated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with ITS+ (6.25 micrograms insulin, 6.25 micrograms transferrin, 6.25 micrograms selenium, 1.25 mg BSA, and 5.35 micrograms linoleic acid/ml) hydrocortisone, and 1 microCi/ml [3H]thymidine. Follicles were exposed for 24 h to FSH (100 ng/ml), TGF-beta 1, and TGF-beta 2 (1 and 10 ng/ml), EGF antibody (50 microliters/ml), and TGF-alpha (50 ng/ml) under various experimental conditions. Both TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2 significantly potentiated FSH-induced follicular DNA synthesis; however, the effect was drastically attenuated by EGF antibody. EGF antibody also inhibited FSH-induced follicular [3H]thymidine incorporation. TGF-beta 2 potentiation of FSH action was also significantly inhibited by a second dose of TGF-beta 2 when added 6 h after the beginning of culture; however, follicles at different stages responded differently to the second dose of TGF-beta 2. For example, when the second dose of TGF-beta 2 was added 14 h after the first dose, only the large preantral follicles at stages 4-6 were affected. Interestingly, the second dose of TGF-beta 2 also inhibited TGF-beta 2-induced DNA synthesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Saphenous vein graft as a conduit for hepatic artery catheters in anomalies of the hepatic arterial system. (1986)

Access to the hepatic arterial system for perfusion chemotherapy is complicated by a high rate (45%) of anomalies including replaced and/or accessory arteries, as well as atrophic, absent, or thrombosed vessels. The use of a short segment of saphenous vein graft provides access for hepatic arterial perfusion in each of these situations and is safe, easily performed, and enduring.
Morphologic heterogeneity of human adult astrocytes in culture: Correlation with HLA‐DR expression (1990)

Human adult astrocytes derived from brain surgical resections showed marked morphologic heterogeneity when cultured in vitro, ranging from a flat, fibroblast-like appearance to process-bearing cells with little soma cytoplasm. The majority of cells were intermediate in morphology, bearing a prominent cytoplasmic cell body with processes radiating from them. The morphologic heterogeneity was more extensive than that of adult rat astrocytes, and was not correlated with the extent of attendant gliosis in the surgical specimens, or the site of the surgical resection. None of the human astrocytes expressed A2B5, thus preventing their classification on basis of lineage into type 1 or type 2 astrocytes. However, functional differences appear to exist between subpopulations of human astrocytes, since the proportion of process-bearing human astrocytes that expressed HLA-DR in vitro was significantly greater than that found for flat astrocytes.
Speed sensorless induction motor drives for electrical actuators: schemes, trends and tradeoffs (2002)

This paper evaluates documented schemes for speed sensorless drives, and discusses the trends and tradeoffs involved in selecting a particular scheme. These schemes combine the attributes of the direct and indirect field-oriented control (FOG) or use model adaptive reference systems (MRAS) with a speed-dependent current model for flux estimation which tracks the voltage model-based flux estimator. Many factors are important in comparing the effectiveness of a speed sensorless scheme. Among them are the wide speed range capability, motor parameter insensitivity and noise reduction. Although a number of schemes have been proposed for solving the speed estimation, zero-speed FOC with robustness against parameter variations still remains an area of research for speed sensorless control.
Matrix Gla protein is an independent predictor of both intimal and medial vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease (2020)

Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification (VC) and requires carboxylation by vitamin K to exert calcification inhibition. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergo early vascular aging often involving extensive VC. The present cross-sectional study investigated the association between circulating dp-ucMGP levels, MGP expression in vascular tissue and MGP polymorphisms. In 141 CKD stage 5 patients, CAC score was significantly increased in the highest tertile of dp-ucMGP (p = 0.002), and a high medial VC score was associated with elevated dp-ucMGP levels. MGP vascular expression was associated with increased circulating dp-ucMGP and CAC scores. MGP SNP analysis revealed that patients homozygous for the C allele of the rs1800801 variant had a higher CAC score (median 15 [range 0-1312]) compared to patients carrying a T allele (median 0 [range 0-966] AU). These results indicate that plasma levels of dp-ucMGP are an independent predictor of increased VC in CKD5 patients and correlate with both higher CAC scores and degree of medial calcification. Additionally, high vascular expression of MGP was associated with higher CAC scores and plasma dp-ucMGP levels. Taken together, our results support that MGP is involved in the pathogenesis of VC.