gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A single‐mode microwave cavity for reducing radiolabelling reaction times, demonstrated by alkylations with [<sup>11</sup>C]alkyl halides (1994)

Abstract A single‐mode microwave cavity was constructed for microscale reactions with consideration taken to the space limitations typical for shielded working spaces used with positron emitting radionuclides. The effect of the microwave field in this cavity on typical reaction media is demonstrated. Reaction times for radiolabelling neuroreceptor ligands with [ 11 C]methyl iodide and [2‐ 11 C]isopropyl iodide were shown to be considerably reduced compared with the times reported in the literature for the corresponding thermal procedures.
Ruta crítica en la rehabilitación de las personas con trauma raquimedular del hospital Universitario del Valle - Colombia (2013)

El tratamiento oportuno y adecuado que recibe la persona con TRM, desde el momento del evento hasta el egreso hospitalario, inf luye en la rehabilitación, dado que previene complicaciones secundarias y terciarias. Objetivo: Describir la «ruta crítica» que sigue la persona con TRM en el HUV, desde el momento del evento hasta cuando sale de la institución. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo longitudinal a una población que presenta TRM, para evidenciar el proceso de atención recibido desde el momento de la lesión, durante la estancia hospitalaria hasta el egreso. Muestra de 30 usuarios, correspondiente al 100% de los pacientes con TRM en el HUV entre octubre de 2007 y enero de 2008. Resultados: El 81.8% de los pacientes fueron trasladados en ambulancia. Durante su estancia hospitalaria el 83% estuvo en la Unidad de Trauma, Urgencias (67%), Sala de oper aciones (37%), Neurocirugía (27%), Yesos (23%). Durante su hospitalización fueron valorados por otras especialidades según su necesidad. El 72% de los procedimientos se realizaron entre las 4 y las 8 primeras horas. Existen barreras por los trámites administrativos, en la atención hospitalaria y ambulatoria. Conclusión: La «ruta crítica» evidenció que a pesar de tener protocolos establecidos, existen problemas desde el traslado de los pacientes a la Institución. A nivel administrativo, por los requerimientos SGSS hay barreras para la atención. La educación a cerca de la condición de salud no se les da a todos los pacientes y en la fase ambulatoria existen barreras para obtener los servicios de rehabilitación.
Experimental Arthritis Produced by Proteoglycan Antigens in Rabbits (1980)

Spontaneous synovitis developed in the limb joints and rheumatoid factor-like component appeared in the sera of two rabbits from a pool 36 animals in the course of a long-term immunization with bovine nasal cartilage antigens. A single intra-articular injection of proteoglycan antigens regularly provoked a heavy synovitis and cartilage destruction irrespective of whether the booster injections were administered in physiological saline, or in Freund's complete adjuvant. The dose-dependent severity of arthritis suggested that the antibody titre against proteoglycan antigens played an important role in this mechanism. The synovial extract and synovial fluid of knee joints injected with proteoglycan antigens showed an increased enzyme activity concerning the four acid hydrolases (acid phosphatase, cathepsin D, hyaluronidase and beta-glucuronidase). The high activity of lysosomal acid hydrolases which persisted for several months can derange the molecular structure of proteoglycans of cartilage. The degraded proteoglycans may trigger autoimmune reactions, and the process eventually leads to chronic inflammation and joint destruction.
Effects of Semiconductor Laser Irradiation on Cultured Human Keratinocytes. (1996)

We studied the influence of semiconductor laser irradiation on the cultured human epidermal keratinocytes and measured cell viability and the concentration of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in the medium of irradiated cell cultures. We found that the number of viable cells in the cultures was significantly increased by giving semiconductor laser irradiation for 15s (115.0±0.5%), 20s (112.0±1.0%) compared with the number in the nonirradiated cultures (p<0.01). The production of IL-1α by cultured cells was increased by the laser irradiation for 20s (35.8±5.5pg/ml) compared with the control (27.0±5.6pg/ml) after a 12-h incubation period (p<0.01). These results imply that low-power laser irradiation has significant biological effects on human keratinocytes.
Bone Tissue Engineering (2015)

Medical advances have led to a welcome increase in life expectancy. However, accompanying longevity introduces new challenges: increases in age-related diseases and associated reductions in quality of life. The loss of skeletal tissue that can accompany trauma, injury, disease or advancing years can result in significant morbidity and significant socio-economic cost and emphasise the need for new, more reliable skeletal regeneration strategies. To address the unmet need for bone augmentation, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have come to the fore in recent years with new approaches for de novo skeletal tissue formation. Typically, these approaches seek to harness stem cells, innovative scaffolds and biological factors that promise enhanced and more reliable bone formation strategies to improve the quality of life for many. This review provides an overview of recent developments in bone tissue engineering focusing on skeletal stem cells, vascular development, bone formation and the translation from preclinical in vivo models to clinical delivery.
Criminal Defense Lawyering at the Edge: A Look Back (2007)

Improving ligand-to-active metal charge transfer (LAMCT) by finely tuning the organic ligand is a decisive strategy to enhance charge transfer in metal organic frameworks (MOFs)-based catalysts. However, in most MOFs loaded with active metal catalysts, electron transmission encounters massive obstacle at the interface between the two constituents owing to poor LAMCT. Herein, amines (-NH<sub>2</sub>) functionalized MOFs (NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-101(Cr)) encapsulated active metal Pt nanoclusters (NCs) catalysts are synthesized by the polyol reduction method and utilized for the photoreduction of CO<sub>2</sub>. Surprisingly, the introduction of -NH<sub>2</sub> (electron donating) groups within the matrix of MIL-101(Cr) improved the electron migration through the LAMCT process, fostering a synergistic interaction with Pt. The combined experimental analysis exposed the high number of metallic Pt (Pt<sup>0</sup>) in Pt@NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-101(Cr) catalyst through seamless electron shuttling from N of -NH<sub>2</sub> group to excited Pt generating versatile hybrid Pt-N catalytic centres. Consequently, these versatile hybrid catalytic centres act as electro-nucleophilic centres, which enable the efficient and selective conversion of CO bond in CO<sub>2</sub> to harvest CH<sub>4</sub> (131.0 µmol.g<sup>-1</sup>) and maintain excellent stability and selectivity for consecutive five rounds, superior to Pt@MIL-101(Cr) and most reported catalysts. Our study verified that the precise tuning of organic ligands in MOFs immensely improves the surface-active centres, electron migration, and catalytic selectivity of the excited Pt NCs catalysts encaged inside MOFs through an improved LAMCT pathway.
Autonomously controlled storage management in vehicle logistics – applications of RFID and mobile computing systems (2008)

Today, planning and control of logistic processes on automobile terminals are generally executed by centralised logistics systems, which cannot cope with high requirements for flexible order processing due to increasing dynamics and complexity. The main business processes on automobile terminals – notification of vehicles by automobile manufacturer, transport to automobile terminal, storage and technical treatment as well as delivery to automobile dealer – are planned and controlled by centralised application software systems. In the context of this article, an innovative approach to autonomous control in automobile logistics is investigated, considering as example the logistic order processing of an idealised automobile terminal of the company E.H. Harms Automobile-Logistics. Within a simulation study, evidence of the existing application potential of autonomous control in the field of vehicle storage management is provided. Thereupon the technical feasibility of an autonomously controlled storage management system is examined. System requirements for technical implementation of an autonomously controlled storage management are deviated. Thereafter, results of an executed case study concerning the implementation and test of an autonomously controlled, radio frequency identification (RFID) based storage management system are presented and the remaining weaknesses of the implemented IT solution are identified. Finally, further research and development activities are introduced in the form of a wearable computing concept using smart clothes.
Peroxide-Mediated Synthesis of Indium Oxide Nanocrystals at Low Temperatures (2008)

Well-defined indium oxide (In2O3) nanocrystals were prepared in the solution phase by a new and reproducible peroxide-mediated route at relatively low temperatures (120−180 °C) using indium acetylacetonate as the precursor. The resulting 7-nm cubic-In2O3 nanocrystals were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A combination of solution NMR spectroscopy, XPS, and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to confirm the presence of bound oleylamine and lauric acid on the nanocrystal surface. It was determined that the reaction does not produce crystalline In2O3 under these lower temperature reaction conditions in the absence of an organic peroxide; therefore, the peroxide plays a key role in oxide formation. The reaction occurs via a different pathway than the thermal pyrolysis or hydrolysis pathways that have been identified for the “heating-up” method. FT-IR spectroscopy and TEM were used to probe the reaction and growth kinetics, respectively, and it was determined that the peroxide quickly decomposes followed by a slower decomposition of the indium acetylacetonate. Upon In2O3 nucleation, nanocrystal growth occurs by a slow Ostwald ripening process, which differs from the relatively fast focusing growth mechanisms observed for the “heating-up” process that occurs at higher temperatures (>250 °C).
A Semantic Web Services Driven Application on Humanoid Robots (2006)

Nowadays, interdisciplinary applications are gaining more and more importance due to the complex needs of modern industrial and scientific applications. In this paper we introduce a first combined application of two different domains that are semantic Web services and robotics. We first present briefly semantic Web and Web services, then describe the robotics development and their current limitation. Then, the paper's core describes how semantic Web and Web services can be applied on robotics in order to facilitate cooperation between robots for joint tasks execution. Finally future work is described to show the next steps to be followed in the directions described in this paper.
LOW-INTENSITY/HIGH-DENSITY SUBTHRESHOLD DIODE MICROPULSE LASER FOR CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY (2016)

An SDM laser seems to be safe and effective for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. As advocated in the literature, a higher treatment density and larger treatment area, as reported in this article, may improve clinical results.
Design and implementation of an adapative single pole autoreclosure technique for transmission lines using artificial neural networks (1996)

Adaptive single pole autoreclosure (SPAR) offers many advantages over conventional techniques. In the case of transient faults, the secondary arc extinction time can be accurately determined and in the case of a permanent fault, breaker reclosure can be avoided. This paper describes, in some detail, the design and implementation of a SPAR technique using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The design described includes special methods for extracting features from post-circuit breaker opening fault data, which is a prerequisite for setting up training data sets. The technique is then implemented in hardware based on a high performance T800 transputer system and some results obtained from laboratory tests of this equipment are presented.
Intact fetal cell isolation from maternal blood: improved isolation using a simple whole blood progenitor cell enrichment approach (RosetteSep<sup>™</sup>) (2003)

Isolation and analysis of intact fetal cells in maternal blood is an attractive method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis; however, detection levels are not optimal. The poor sensitivity and inconsistent recovery of fetal cells is compounded by small numbers of circulating fetal cells and loss of fetal cells during enrichment procedures. Optimizing selection criteria by utilizing less complicated methods for target cell enrichment is essential. We report here salutary results using a simple density-based depletion method that requires neither MACS (magnetic-activated cell sorting) nor flow cytometric separation for enrichment of progenitor cells. Maternal blood samples (n = 81) were obtained from women prior to invasive prenatal genetic diagnostic procedures and processed randomly within 24 h using one of two density-based enrichment methods. For progenitor cell enrichment, samples (n = 49) were labeled with a RosetteSep progenitor antibody cocktail to remove unwanted mature T-cells, B-cells, granulocytes, natural killer cells, neutrophils and myelomonocytic cells. For CD45-negative cell enrichment, samples (n = 14) were labeled with RosetteSep CD45 antibody to remove unwanted maternal white cells. The desired cellular fraction was collected and analyzed by either fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or real-time PCR for the presence of intact fetal cells and to quantify Y-chromosome-specific DYS1 sequences, respectively. Overall, FISH and real-time PCR correct detection rates for the progenitor cell enrichment approach were 53% and 89% with 3% (1 out of 30 cases) and 0% false-positive detection, respectively. Fetal sequences were detected in the range from 0.067 to 1.167 genome equivalents per milliliter of blood. No fetal cells were detected using the CD45-negative enrichment method. Flow cytometric analysis of cord blood showed that a unique myeloid population of cells was recovered using RosetteSep trade mark progenitor enrichment compared with the CD45-negative enrichment method. Sensitivity of the RosetteSep progenitor enrichment approach for detection of fetal cells in this pilot study shows great promise with recovery of cells that are suitable for FISH and automated microscope scanning. This simple and rapid method may also allow expansion in culture and characterization of the fetal cell type(s) that circulate in maternal blood, hence, greatly improving reliability of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.
Effects of Vardenafil on Intraocular Pressure and Orbital Hemodynamics (2007)

The recommended dose of vardenafil has no negative effects on orbital hemodynamics and IOP in patients with erectile dysfunction.
Pharmacokinetics of Triamcinolone Acetonide After Intravenous, Oral, and Inhaled Administration (1995)

The pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide were studied after intravenous (2 mg), oral (5 mg), and inhaled (2 mg) administration. Triamcinolone acetonide concentrations were measured in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography/radioimmunoassay. After intravenous administration, triamcinolone acetonide was eliminated with a total body clearance of 37 L/h and a half-life of 2.0 hours. The volume of distribution was 103 L, and oral bioavailability averaged 23%. Absorption was rapid, achieving maximum triamcinolone acetonide levels of 10.5 ng/mL after 1 hour. After inhalation, bioavailability averaged 22% with maximum levels of 2.0 ng/mL observed after 2.1 hours. The resulting systemic levels for all three treatments caused a significant decrease in the number of lymphocytes in blood.
Efficient Formation and Cleavage of Benzylidene Acetals by Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate Supported on Silica Gel (2007)

NaHSO4 center dot SiO2 was used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for both the formation and the cleavage of benzylidene acetals. This catalyst is compatible with many functional or protective groups. Under different solvent systems, either the formation or the cleavage of benzylidene acetals was carried out smoothly in excellent yields and with good chemoselectivity.
Smart start: Final results of rituximab, lenalidomide, and ibrutinib lead in prior to combination with chemotherapy for patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (2019)

7508 Background: The non-germinal center (non-GCB) subtype of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is associated with inferior outcomes from standard immuno-chemotherapy. The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib (I) and immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide (L) have promising activity in non-GCB DLBCL as single agents, and result in synthetic lethality in non-GCB DLBCL models when combined. In relapsed non-GCB DLBCL, rituximab (R), L and I result in overall response rate (ORR) of 55% (Ramchandren, ASH 2018). We report the final results of RLI prior to chemotherapy in newly diagnosed non-GCB DLBCL patients, an investigator initiated, single-arm, open-label, phase 2 study. Methods: Adult patients with non-GCB DLBCL, determined by the Hans method, with adequate organ function and performance status were eligible. The primary objectives were to determine (1A) the ORR of two cycles of RLI as initial therapy, and (1B) the complete response rate (CRR) after 6 cycles of chemotherapy combined with RLI. All patients were treated with rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV day 1, ibrutinib 560 mg po daily, and lenalidomide 25 mg po days 1-10 of 21 day cycles for 2 cycles, followed by 6 additional cycles of RLI with chemotherapy. Results: The protocol accrued 60 patients from May 2016 – February 2019, with 52 patients evaluable for disease response (2 withdrew consent prior to restaging, 6 pending restaging prior to abstract deadline). The median age was 64 years (range: 30-83), 28% were ≥ 70 years, and 50% were female. Half the patients had poor risk IPI, 61% had advanced stage, and 71% had a Ki-67 of ≥ 80%. One patient had a fatal fungal infection (CNS aspergillosis) attributed to high dose corticosteroids and RLI, leading to prohibition of corticosteroids during the RLI only cycles with no further fungal infections identified. The ORR for 2 cycles of RLI was 84.6% (n=44), and the CRR was 38.5% (n=20). One patient refused to proceed with the pre-planned chemotherapy after achieving a CR with 2 cycles of RLI, and remains relapse free 18 months later. Conclusions: The Smart Start trial demonstrates the chemotherapy-free combination of rituximab 375 mg/m2, ibrutinib 560 mg, and lenalidomide 25 mg is highly effective in patients with newly diagnosed non-GCB DLBCL. Additional studies evaluating more cycles of RLI with less chemotherapy consolidation are planned. Clinical trial information: NCT02636322.
Advanced Biomedical Image Analysis (2010)

"This book covers the four major areas of image processing: Image enhancement and restoration, image segmentation, image quantification and classification, and image visualization. Image registration, storage, and compression are also covered. The text focuses on recently developed image processing and analysis operators and covers topical research"--Provided by publisher.
Classification of fetal heart rate during labour using hidden Markov models (2005)

Intrapartum electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) is an indispensable means for fetal surveillance. However, the early enthusiasm was followed by scepticism, since the introduction of EFM in every day practise resulted in an increase in operative deliveries. Nevertheless the drawbacks of EFM relate not so much to the technique itself but more to the difficulties in reading and interpreting the fetal heart rate (FHR). In an attempt to develop more objective means to analyse the FHR recordings and compensate for the different levels of expertise among clinicians, computerized systems have been developed during the last 2 decades. In this work, we present an approach to automatic classification of FHR tracings belonging to hypoxic and normal newborns. The classification is performed using a set of parameters extracted from the FHR signal and two hidden Markov models (one for each class). The results are satisfactory indicating that the FHR convey much more information than what is conventionally used.
PAVEMENT MARKING MATERIALS: ASSESSING ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY PERFORMANCE (1997)

Selection of pavement marking materials is often carried out on the basis of conventional considerations of retention of retroreflectivity of stripes, their durability, and their life cycle cost. Two additional often unaddressed considerations of marking materials are likely to be important in making such selections in the future. This is due to future regulatory controls on the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of coating materials used for pavement marking and the increased awareness of the user agencies of the potential health hazards to striping crews routinely exposed to marking materials. This study examines the engineering performance as well as these two additional attributes of common types of marking materials. The environmental performance of the marking materials is surmised from the composition of the marking formulations. A semi-quantitative approach that allows a user to obtain empirical parameters describing the engineering and environmental performance of pavement marking materials is discussed. The application of this methodology to the best available test data, the Northeastern Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials/Southeastern Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (NASHTO/SASHTO) data, illustrates its use as a powerful tool in selecting a marking material in particular situations. It is flexible enough to allow a user to take into account historical data at the location of interest as well as non-technical constraints such as cost.
Self-developing resist with submicrometer resolution and processing stability (1983)

Nitrocellulose films have been shown to function as self-developing resist layers that are sensitive to both low-energy (&lt;2 keV) Ar+ ions and to 193-nm UV radiation from pulsed excimer lasers. A resolution of &lt;100 nm and aspect ratios &gt;25:1 have been demonstrated using a stencil mask and an argon ion beam; the resolution obtained was mask limited. The sensitivity of the resist to 2-keV Ar+ ions is 36 μm/min at beam currents of 1 mA/cm2, allowing exposure times of 1 s for 0.5 μm of resist. The material is capable of functioning as a mask material for typical semiconductor dry etching processes.
[Auto-suture stapler EEA in surgery of the colon and rectum [author's transl)]. (1980)

Peripheral neuropathy is a common neurological problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Diagnosis and treatment of this condition are often hindered by the difficulties in making objective, noninvasive measurements of nerve fibers. Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) has the ability to obtain high resolution, specific images of peripheral nerves without exogenous contrast. We demonstrated the first proof-of-concept imaging of peripheral nerves using PAM. As validated by both standard histology and photoacoustic spectroscopy, the origin of photoacoustic signals is myelin, the primary source of lipids in the nerves. An extracted sciatic nerve sandwiched between two layers of chicken tissue was imaged by PAM to mimic the in vivo case. Ordered fibrous structures inside the nerve, caused by the bundles of myelin-coated axons, could be observed clearly. With further technical improvements, PAM can potentially be applied to monitor and diagnose peripheral neuropathies.