gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel algorithm and architecture for adaptive digital beamforming (1986)

A novel algorithm and architecture are described which have specific application to high performance, digital, adaptive beamforming. It is shown how a simple, linearly constrained adaptive combiner forms the basis for a wide range of adaptive antenna subsystems. The function of such an adaptive combiner is formulated as a recursive least squares minimization operation and the corresponding weight vector is obtained by means of the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q-R</tex> decomposition algorithm using Givens rotations. An efficient pipelined architecture to implement this algorithm is also described. It takes the form of a triangular systolic/wavefront array and has many desirable features for very large scale integration (VLSI) system design.
A 13.56MHz RFID System based on Organic Transponders (2006)

RFID tags using organic transistors are described: Two 8b tags carrying different codes, energized and read out at 13.56MHz, the defacto standard for item-level ID, have been tested and demonstrated to enable multiple-object identification for the first time; A 64b tag, the most complex organic transponder reported to date, operates at 125kHz and employs 1938 transistors
Nonlinear stability of flock solutions in second-order swarming models (2014)

In this paper we consider interacting particle systems which are frequently used to model collective behaviour in animal swarms and other applications. We study the stability of orientationally aligned formations called flock solutions, one of the typical patterns emerging from such dynamics. We provide an analysis showing that the nonlinear stability of flocks in second-order models entirely depends on the linear stability of the first-order aggregation equation. Flocks are shown to be nonlinearly stable as a family of states under reasonable assumptions on the interaction potential. Furthermore, it is tested numerically that commonly used potentials satisfy these hypotheses and the nonlinear stability of flocks is investigated by an extensive case study of uniform perturbations.
Tool wear inspection method for small lathe (2014)

This paper represents the method for tool wear area inspection for small lathe. Based on the machine vision technology, combined with the features of the cutting tool, tool wear area inspection system is designed. Facet model is used for Sub-pixel extraction of tool edge, then the main and minor cutting edge is fitted, and the wear area of tool tip zone is calculated. Tool wear experiments are done with PCD tool and #45 steel. Results show the tool wear inspection method could calculate the tool tip angle and the wear area of the tool tip precisely and rapidly. This method could monitor the tool wear in the cutting process for the small lathe.
LacI(Ts)-Regulated Expression as an In Situ Intracellular Biomolecular Thermometer (2011)

In response to needs for in situ thermometry, a temperature-sensitive vector was adapted to report changes in the intracellular heat content of Escherichia coli in near-real time. This model system utilized vectors expressing increasing quantities of β-galactosidase in response to stepwise temperature increases through a biologically relevant range (22 to 45°C). As judged by calibrated fluorometric and colorimetric reporters, both whole E. coli cells and lysates expressed significant repeatable changes in β-galactosidase activity that were sensitive to temperature changes of less than 1°C (35 to 45°C). This model system suggests that changes in cellular heat content can be detected independently of the medium in which cells are maintained, a feature of particular importance where the medium is heterogeneous or nonaqueous, or otherwise has a low heat transfer capacity. We report here that the intracellular temperature can be reliably obtained in near-real time using reliable fluorescent reporting systems from cellular scales, with a 20°C range of detection and at least 0.7°C sensitivity between 35 and 45°C.
SME entry into an emerging market: a resource-based and institutional approach (2015)

SMEs experience different and more pronounced challenges when entering foreign markets, compared with MNEs. This is most evident in terms of resources and the firms' ability to respond to institutional differences in a host market. This study explores the interactions between SMEs' utilisation of internal and external resources, and the influence of home and host country institutions in the foreign market entry process.
Studies in the Field of Diuretics (1960)

Abstract The condensation of some halogeno-2,4-disulphamylbenzenes with basic reagents has been examined. Some of the resulting products have been converted into 1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives. By using 2-aminopyridine in the reaction the novel azaphenthiazines (VII) were obtained.
Development of a Robot System for Pipe Welding (2010)

Large amount of stainless steel tubes would be applied in the desalination system. If the tubes are welded manually, there would be a lot of the repeated work accompanied with the extremely low efficiency and the welding quality could not guaranteed either. So the best choice to finish the work is using a robotic welding system. In this paper, a robotic system to be employed in welding the pipes for desalination of sea water is introduced. The robotic system contains four revolute axes and could be mounted on a branch pipe, so it can both maneuver between the pipes and adjust to a wide range of pipes' diameter. Moreover, it is very convenient to take with for it is compact and lightweight. The mathematical method for calculating of the geometry of welding path of the intersecting cylinders is also explained. The welding robot, a digital welding power and the gas shielded system are included in the welding system. The robot movement is controlled by a micro-controller and it could communicate with the host IPC (industrial personal computer) through RS232. Other devices are directly controlled by the host IPC. Finally, a simulation is taken and the result shows that the welding system is able to meet the requirements.
An algorithm that improves speech intelligibility in noise for normal-hearing listeners (2009)

Traditional noise-suppression algorithms have been shown to improve speech quality, but not speech intelligibility. Motivated by prior intelligibility studies of speech synthesized using the ideal binary mask, an algorithm is proposed that decomposes the input signal into time-frequency (T-F) units and makes binary decisions, based on a Bayesian classifier, as to whether each T-F unit is dominated by the target or the masker. Speech corrupted at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels (-5 and 0 dB) using different types of maskers is synthesized by this algorithm and presented to normal-hearing listeners for identification. Results indicated substantial improvements in intelligibility (over 60% points in -5 dB babble) over that attained by human listeners with unprocessed stimuli. The findings from this study suggest that algorithms that can estimate reliably the SNR in each T-F unit can improve speech intelligibility.
A high-performance low-power asynchronous matrix-vector multiplier for discrete cosine transform (2003)

This paper proposes a high-performance low-power asynchronous architecture for matrix-vector multipliers of a constant matrix by a vector which are typically used in discrete cosine transform (DCT) and inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) applications. The architecture takes advantage of the statistics of DCT and IDCT data that suggest that the input data have mostly zero or small values. It avoids unnecessary arithmetic operations by quickly terminating multiplication by zero and significantly reduces power and delay when operating on a small-valued data by adaptively controlling effective word lengths using fine-grain bit-partitioning and speculative completion sensing.
Synthesis of Ammonia through Direct Chemical Reactions between an Atmospheric Nitrogen Plasma Jet and a Liquid (2010)

Fundamental chemical reactions between an atmospheric nitrogen plasma jet and water or a water/ethanol solution have been investigated. When the nitrogen plasma jet was injected directly into pure water, active nitrogen species produced nitric acid and ammonia through fatal reactions with H2O. The interaction between nitrogen plasma and a liquid mixture of pure water and ethanol produced NH4+ ions effectively. These experimental results clearly show that the active nitrogen species in the pulsed-discharge atmospheric plasma can interact strongly with materials in solution to extract oxygen or hydrogen from them and add atomic nitrogen to them.
Effects of diacetyl monoxime and cytochalasin D on ventricular fibrillation in swine right ventricles (2001)

Whether or not the excitation-contraction (E-C) uncoupler diacetyl monoxime (DAM) and cytochalacin D (Cyto D) alter the ventricular fibrillation (VF) activation patterns is unclear. We recorded single cell action potentials and performed optical mapping in isolated perfused swine right ventricles (RV) at different concentrations of DAM and Cyto D. Increasing the concentration of DAM results in progressively shortened action potential duration (APD) measured to 90% repolarization, reduced the slope of the APD restitition curve, decreased Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, and reduced the number of VF wave fronts. In all RVs, 15-20 mmol/l DAM converted VF to ventricular tachycardia (VT). The VF could be reinduced after the DAM was washed out. In comparison, Cyto D (10-40 micromol/l) has no effects on APD restitution curve or the dynamics of VF. The effects of DAM on VF are associated with a reduced number of wave fronts and dynamic complexities in VF. These results are compatible with the restitution hypothesis of VF and suggest that DAM may be unsuitable as an E-C uncoupler for optical mapping studies of VF in the swine RVs.
Immune Modulation as an Effective Adjunct Post-exposure Therapeutic for B. pseudomallei (2016)

Melioidosis is caused by the facultative intracellular bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei and is potentially fatal. Despite a growing global burden and high fatality rate, little is known about the disease. Recent studies demonstrate that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition is an effective post-exposure therapeutic for pulmonary melioidosis, which works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This treatment, while effective, was conducted using an experimental COX-2 inhibitor that is not approved for human or animal use. Therefore, an alternative COX-2 inhibitor needs to be identified for further studies. Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) COX-2 inhibitor marketed outside of the United States for the treatment of migraines. While this drug was developed for COX-2 inhibition, it has been found to modulate other aspects of inflammation as well. In this study, we used RAW 264.7 cells infected with B pseudomallei to analyze the effect of TA on cell survival, PGE2 production and regulation of COX-2 and nuclear factor- kappaB (NF-ĸB) protein expression. To evaluate the effectiveness of post-exposure treatment with TA, results were compared to Ceftazidime (CZ) treatments alone and the co-treatment of TA with a sub-therapeutic treatment of CZ determined in a study of BALB/c mice. Results revealed an increase in cell viability in vitro with TA and were able to reduce both COX-2 expression and PGE2 production while also decreasing NF-ĸB activation during infection. Co-treatment of orally administered TA and a sub-therapeutic treatment of CZ significantly increased survival outcome and cleared the bacterial load within organ tissue. Additionally, we demonstrated that post-exposure TA treatment with sub-therapeutic CZ is effective to treat melioidosis in BALB/c mice.
Development of an eye information analysis system with a small display for evaluation of eye tracking functions (2002)

We developed an eye movement analysis system using eye images during many kinds of eye movements. The system can display any kind of pattern in front of their eyes. It can analysis eye movements while subjects are on some ocular tasks. Our experimental system consists of a head mount display with a color liquid crystal display, infrared LEDs, and an infrared sensitive CCD camera. The camera is attached to the display goggle. The goggle is very light and it is a non-invasive system. In this study, we conducted the examination of eye tracking function. We made an moving target on the small liquid crystal display. The system could provide detailed data of the relationship between the eyes and the target position. It could be very useful for clinical diagnosis of neurological diseases.
Peptide nucleic acid probes with charged photocleavable mass markers (2010)

Halogen-labelled peptide organic acid (HPOA) monomers have been synthesised and incorporated into sequence-specific peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes. Three different types of probe have been prepared; the unmodified PNA probe, the PNA probe with a mass marker, and the PNA probe with photocleavable mass marker. All three types of probe have been used in model studies to develop a mass spectrometry-based hybridisation assay for detection of point mutations in DNA.
Model Agnostic Defence against Backdoor Attacks in Machine Learning (2019)

Machine Learning (ML) has automated a multitude of our day-to-day decision making domains such as education, employment and driving automation. The continued success of ML largely depends on our ability to trust the model we are using. Recently, a new class of attacks called Backdoor Attacks have been developed. These attacks undermine the user's trust in ML models. In this work, we present NEO, a model agnostic framework to detect and mitigate such backdoor attacks in image classification ML models. For a given image classification model, our approach analyses the inputs it receives and determines if the model is backdoored. In addition to this feature, we also mitigate these attacks by determining the correct predictions of the poisoned images. An appealing feature of NEO is that it can, for the first time, isolate and reconstruct the backdoor trigger. NEO is also the first defence methodology, to the best of our knowledge that is completely blackbox. We have implemented NEO and evaluated it against three state of the art poisoned models. These models include highly critical applications such as traffic sign detection (USTS) and facial detection. In our evaluation, we show that NEO can detect $\approx$88% of the poisoned inputs on average and it is as fast as 4.4 ms per input image. We also reconstruct the poisoned input for the user to effectively test their systems.
Learning Generative Models with Visual Attention (2013)

Attention has long been proposed by psychologists as important for effectively dealing with the enormous sensory stimulus available in the neocortex. Inspired by the visual attention models in computational neuroscience and the need of object-centric data for generative models, we describe for generative learning framework using attentional mechanisms. Attentional mechanisms can propagate signals from region of interest in a scene to an aligned canonical representation, where generative modeling takes place. By ignoring background clutter, generative models can concentrate their resources on the object of interest. Our model is a proper graphical model where the 2D Similarity transformation is a part of the top-down process. A ConvNet is employed to provide good initializations during posterior inference which is based on Hamiltonian Monte Carlo. Upon learning images of faces, our model can robustly attend to face regions of novel test subjects. More importantly, our model can learn generative models of new faces from a novel dataset of large images where the face locations are not known.
An efficient wavelet-based deblocking algorithm for highly compressed images (2001)

A new post-processing method is proposed in the wavelet domain for the suppression of blocking artifacts in compressed images. The novelty of our method is that we can obtain soft-threshold values based on the difference between the wavelet transform coefficients of the image blocks and the coefficients of the entire image to threshold high-frequency wavelet coefficients in different subbands using different values and strategies. The threshold value is made adaptive to different images and characteristics of blocking artifacts. In particular the new method is robust, fast, and works remarkably well for different discrete cosine transform-based compressed images at low bit rates. The method is nonlinear, computationally efficient, and spatially adaptive. Another advantage of the new method is that it retains sharp features in the images since it only removes artifacts. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve a significantly improved visual quality and also increase the PSNR in the output image. Our method also performs better than algorithms based on overcomplete wavelet presentation for images containing a large portion of texture.
Is the Ambu aScope 3 Slim single-use fiberscope equally efficient compared with a conventional bronchoscope for management of the difficult airway? (2016)

The Ambu aScope 3 Slim required more time to intubate than the conventional reusable FOB. It requires more rigidity, similar to the conventional FOB for management of the difficult airway.
Syk inhibitors in clinical development for hematological malignancies (2017)

Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytosolic non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells. Syk was recognized as a critical element in the B-cell receptor signaling pathway. Syk is also a key component in signal transduction from other immune receptors like Fc receptors and adhesion receptors. Several oral Syk inhibitors including fostamatinib (R788), entospletinib (GS-9973), cerdulatinib (PRT062070), and TAK-659 are being assessed in clinical trials. The second generation compound, entospletinib, showed promising results in clinical trials against B-cell malignancies, mainly chronic lymphoid leukemia. Syk inhibitors are being evaluated in combination regimens in multiple malignancies.
Acamprosate inhibits the binding and neurotoxic effects of trans-ACPD, suggesting a novel site of action at metabotropic glutamate receptors. (2002)

Na-acamprosate demonstrates the binding and functional characteristics that are consistent with a group I mGluR antagonist. The functional similarities between Na-acamprosate and SIB-1893 support an interaction of Na-acamprosate at mGluR5s. The neuroprotective properties of acamprosate and possibly its ability to reduce craving in alcohol-dependent patients may result from its alterations in glutamatergic transmission through mGluRs.
Mullerian-inhibiting substance regulates NF–κB signaling in the prostate<i>in vitro</i>and<i>in vivo</i> (2002)

Mullerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, a class of molecules that regulates growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in many cells. MIS type II receptor in the Mullerian duct is temporally and spatially regulated during development and becomes restricted to the most caudal ends that fuse to form the prostatic utricle. In this article, we have demonstrated MIS type II receptor expression in the normal prostate, human prostate cancer cell lines, and tissue derived from patients with prostate adenocarcinomas. MIS induced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity and selectively up-regulated the immediate early gene IEX-1S in both androgen-dependent and independent human prostate cancer cells in vitro. Dominant negative IkappaBalpha expression ablated both MIS-induced increase of IEX-1S mRNA and inhibition of growth, indicating that activation of NF-kappaB signaling was required for these processes. Androgen also induced NF-kappaB DNA binding activity in prostate cancer cells but without induction of IEX-1S mRNA, suggesting that MIS-mediated increase in IEX-1S was independent of androgen-mediated signaling. Administration of MIS to male mice induced IEX-1S mRNA in the prostate in vivo, suggesting that MIS may function as an endogenous hormonal regulator of NF-kappaB signaling and growth in the prostate gland.
Pulsatile and nonpulsatile extracorporeal circulation using Capiox E terumo oxygenator: a comparison study with Ultrox and Maxima membrane oxygenators. (1997)

An open randomised, prospective study was undertaken on 90 patients who underwent routine myocardial revascularization. The aim of the study was to demonstrate that the Capiox E polypropylene fiber membrane oxygenator with a conventional single pulsatile/nonpulsatile blood pump for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was comparable in performance to that of the Maxima and the Ultrox membrane oxygenators using a double pump system. The patients were divided into six groups according to perfusion mode and oxygenator type. Laboratory parameters, fluid balance and oxygenation was examined at set times before during and after cardiopulmonary bypass. Net fluid input was lower in the Capiox E groups regardless of perfusion mode: 2932 +/- 562 ml (Capiox E), compared to 3646 +/- 531 ml (Ultrox) and 3593 +/- 582 ml (Maxima). Net fluid balance 1288 +/- 534 ml was lowest in the Capiox/NP group, compared to 1604 +/- 460 ml (Ultrox/NP) and 1881 +/- 594 ml (Maxima/NP), (p < 0.05). The higher net fluid balance in the Capiox E/PP group 1649 +/- 580 ml compared to 1592 +/- 583 ml (Ultrox E/PP) and 1494 +/- 542 ml (Maxima/PP) was attributed to a technicality whereby the recommended priming volume of the Capiox E oxygenator was exceeded for safety reasons. The values of plasma free Hb were slightly higher in the PP than NP groups: Maxima/PP 80 mg/dl, /NP 50 mg/dl; Ultrox/PP 62 mg/dl, /NP 48 mg/dl; Capiox E/PP 55 mg/dl, /NP 48 mg/dl. The FiO2 was higher in the Capiox E groups 0.77 (PP) and 0.88 (NP) compared to Maxima/PP (0.66), /NP (0.65) and Ultrox/PP (0.64), /NP (0.63). Reciprocally, the venous saturation was higher in the Ultrox and Maxima groups compared to Capiox E at end of CPB. The study demonstrated that the CapioxE oxygenator with a single blood pump system can compare to the Maxima and Ultrox oxygenators with a double blood pump for CPB with regard to blood handling, oxygenation and fluid balance in routine cardiac surgery.
Grid engine script generating tool (2004)

Most high performance computing centers use a batch queuing system to facilitate job throughput by matching computer resources against job requirements. Users typically communicate their job constraints to the queuing system by writing a job submission script. This scripting task can be frustrating to some users because errors can keep the script from submitting the job properly, or cause the queuing system to handle the job differently than what the user intended. At the ARL MSRC, we have recently developed and released the Grid Engine Script Generating Tool (GEST) to help users produce batch scripts for ARL's most utilized COTS software packages. GEST imposes a framework across all applications, dynamically configuring the GUI for application-specific inputs based on information entered by the user. Scripts subsequently generated can be submitted directly, or saved for further customization by the user. GEST allows users to avoid the typical mistakes that can occur when they write their own scripts. It significantly reduces the amount of time that users spend writing and debugging scripts. By using GEST, users minimize and in most cases eliminate incorrect runs from improperly constructed submission scripts resulting in more effective use of the overall computing resources.