gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Campylobacter jejuni diarrhea model in infant chickens (1984)

To study the pathogenic mechanisms of Campylobacter jejuni infection, 36- to 72-h-old chickens were fed 10(3) to 10(6) live cells, using strains isolated from 40 patients with watery diarrhea and 6 with bloody mucoid diarrhea from whom no other known enteropathogen was detected. Chickens of Starbro strain were more likely to develop C. jejuni-induced diarrhea than were White Leghorn chickens. Diarrhea was defined on the basis of amounts of gut fluid in 288 chicks fed with live C. jejuni versus 183 saline-fed control as an accumulation greater than or equal to 0.4 ml of fluid in the guts (excluding ceca) of chickens. Twenty-five percent of the chickens developed diarrhea on day 2, 49% on day 4, and 81% on day 5. The intestines, including ceca, were distended with watery fluid. The majority of the strains, irrespective of whether they were isolated from watery or bloody mucoid enteritis patients, caused watery diarrhea in chickens, and a few caused mucoid diarrhea. No correlation was observed between the source of a strain and the outcome in the experimental model. Bloody diarrhea was never observed in chickens. The peak incidence of diarrhea on day 5 coincided with the mean of maximum fluid accumulation. The organisms multiplied by 3 to 4 logs in all parts of the intestine, with a steady increase in number until day 5. Systemic invasion occurred frequently: C. jejuni could be recovered from the spleen in 47% of the chickens on day 5, in 25% from the liver on day 6, and in 11% from heart blood on day 4. Histopathological examination of gut tissue of the chickens having watery diarrhea did not reveal any abnormality except slight submucosal edema. However, in chickens with mucoid diarrhea, the organisms were found to adhere to brush borders and penetrate into the epithelial cells with formation of a breach in continuity of the brush border lining. The electrolyte composition of the intestinal fluid from chickens infected with C. jejuni and from saline-fed controls did not show significant differences, except for depletion of K+ in the test group. The results obtained in this highly reproducible chicken diarrhea model indicate that (i) most chickens develop nonexudative watery diarrhea 2 to 5 days after oral feeding of 10(3) to 10(6) live cells of C. jejuni; (ii) the organism multiples in all parts of a chicken intestine, (iii) systemic invasion is common, and (iv) local invasion is sometimes observed.
GNOM – a program package for small-angle scattering data processing (1991)

The Fortran program package GNOM carries out SAS data treatment and interpretation for the disperse non-interacting dilute systems of different types. A general operator method based on Tikhonov's regularization technique is used. Here a finite real-space distribution function [the correlation function p(r) for monodisperse systems and size distribution function D(R) for polydisperse ones] is searched for to fit the experimental data in accordance with the experimental conditions and the error bounds. It is possible to require non-negativity of the solution. The package GNOM is applicable for arbitrary experimental conditions (arbitrary weighting functions and form factors) and provides solutions stable to statistical noise and termination effects. The program makes it possible to treat together experimental curves from the same object measured under different experimental conditions and to choose the best model from the given set. Interactive and batch versions are available. The program is adapted to NORD, VAX and IBM-PC computers. It possesses convenient graphics possibilities.
Determination of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Factors in Onion Plants (Allium cepa L.) Using PCR-RFLP and SNP Markers (2006)

We have developed a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) marker that can distinguish male-fertile (N) and male-sterile (S) cytoplasm in onions. The PCR-RFLP marker was located in a chloroplast psbA gene amplicon. Digesting the amplicons from different cytoplasm-containing varieties with the restriction enzyme MspI revealed that N-cytoplasm plants have a functional MspI site (CCGG), whereas the S-cytoplasm plants has a substitution in that site (CTGG), and thus no MspI target. The results obtained using this PCR-RFLP marker to distinguish between cytoplasmic male sterile factors in 35 onion varieties corresponded with those using a CMS-specific sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker. Moreover, the PCR-RFLP marker can identify N- ot S-cytoplasms in DNA sample mixtures in which they are in up to a 10-fold minority, indicating that use of the marker has high diagnostic precision. We also demonstrated the usefulness of the SNP detected in the psbA gene for high-throughput discrimination of CMS factors using Real-time PCR and a TaqMan probe assay.
Hypertension after renal transplantation. (1976)

The incidence of hypertension (mean diastolic pressure above 90 mm Hg) was evaluated in 85 patients with renal transplants whose follow-up ranged from 3 to 84 months. Bilateral nephrectomy had been performed in 80 recipients. The proportion of hypertensive subjects rose during the first three months, subsequently stabilised around 50-60% for up to five years, and then decreased slightly during the next two years. Over the years hypertension fluctuated so that one-third of the initially hypertensive patients became normotensive, and over one-third of the initially normotensive patients became hypertensive. The main single aetiological factor was renal failure. A significant relation between steroid dosage and blood pressure was found in only a quarter of the hypertensive patients, and in another quarter no cause could be found.
Influence of Protein Abundance on High-Throughput Protein-Protein Interaction Detection (2009)

Experimental protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks are increasingly being exploited in diverse ways for biological discovery. Accordingly, it is vital to discern their underlying natures by identifying and classifying the various types of deterministic (specific) and probabilistic (nonspecific) interactions detected. To this end, we have analyzed PPI networks determined using a range of high-throughput experimental techniques with the aim of systematically quantifying any biases that arise from the varying cellular abundances of the proteins. We confirm that PPI networks determined using affinity purification methods for yeast and Escherichia coli incorporate a correlation between protein degree, or number of interactions, and cellular abundance. The observed correlations are small but statistically significant and occur in both unprocessed (raw) and processed (high-confidence) data sets. In contrast, the yeast two-hybrid system yields networks that contain no such relationship. While previously commented based on mRNA abundance, our more extensive analysis based on protein abundance confirms a systematic difference between PPI networks determined from the two technologies. We additionally demonstrate that the centrality-lethality rule, which implies that higher-degree proteins are more likely to be essential, may be misleading, as protein abundance measurements identify essential proteins to be more prevalent than nonessential proteins. In fact, we generally find that when there is a degree/abundance correlation, the degree distributions of nonessential and essential proteins are also disparate. Conversely, when there is no degree/abundance correlation, the degree distributions of nonessential and essential proteins are not different. However, we show that essentiality manifests itself as a biological property in all of the yeast PPI networks investigated here via enrichments of interactions between essential proteins. These findings provide valuable insights into the underlying natures of the various high-throughput technologies utilized to detect PPIs and should lead to more effective strategies for the inference and analysis of high-quality PPI data sets.
Nondissipative turn-off snubber alleviates switching power dissipation, second-breakdown stress and V<sub>CE</sub> overshoot: Analysis, design procedure and experimental verification (1982)

A nondissipative, resonant turn-off snubber eliminates the power dissipation of the traditional R-C-diode snubber, while providing protection against transistor breakdown from energy stored in the power-transformer leakage inductance. Four operating modes are analyzed. Complete design procedures are given, with experimental verification.
The Taxonomy of Developmental Control in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (1998)

The Caenorhabditis elegans genome sequence was surveyed for transcription factor and signaling gene families that have been shown to regulate development in a variety of species. About 10 to 25 percent of the genes in most of the gene families already have been genetically analyzed in C. elegans, about half of the genes detect probable orthologs in other species, and about 10 to 25 percent of the genes are, at present, unique to C. elegans. Caenorhabditis elegans is also missing genes that are found in vertebrates and other invertebrates. Thus the genome sequence reveals universals in developmental control that are the legacy of metazoan complexity before the Cambrian explosion, as well as genes that have been more recently invented or lost in particular phylogenetic lineages.
The influence of chemical reactivity of surface defects on ambient-stable InSe-based nanodevices (2016)

We demonstrate that, in contrast to most two-dimensional materials, ultrathin flakes of InSe are stable under ambient conditions. Despite their ambient stability, InSe-based nanodevices show an environmental p-type doping, suppressed by capping InSe with hexagonal boron nitride. By means of transport experiments, density functional theory and vibrational spectroscopy, we attribute the p-type doping assumed by uncapped InSe under an ambient atmosphere to the decomposition of water at Se vacancies. We have estimated the site-dependent adsorption energy of O2, N2, H2O, CO and CO2 on InSe. A stable adsorption is found only for the case of H2O, with a charge transfer of only 0.01 electrons per water molecule.
Experience of the Management of Ventricular Tachycardia by Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (1990)

Three patients with ischemic heart disease in whom ventricular arrhythmia was thought to be the consequence of acute myocardial ischemia underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. This approach was not consistently successful. The mechanisms of ventricular tachyarrhythmia in ischemic heart disease and the rationale for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmia by revascularization remain unclear. The role of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty needs to be defined in this context.
Electrical Distribution Modeling:An Integration of Engineering Analysis and Geographic Information Systems (2005)

This thesis demonstrates the value of integrating electrical distribution engineering analysis with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The 37-Node IEEE Feeder model was used as the base distribution system in this study. It was modeled separately, both in software capable of unbalanced load-flow and in an industry-standard GIS environment. Both tools utilized were commercially available, off-the shelf products indicative of those used in academia and in basic GIS installations. The foundational data necessary to build these models is representative of information required by a variety of utility departments for a multitude of applications. It is inherent to most systems within an enterprise-level, business-wide data model and therefore can be used to support a variety of applications. In this instance, infrastructure information is assumed to be managed and housed with the GIS. This data provides the required information as input for load-flow calculations. The engineering analysis is performed within DistributionSystem 4.01 and its output is passed back to the GIS in tabular format for incorporation. This thesis investigates the transfer of information between GIS and DistributionSystem 4.01 and demonstrates the extended display capabilities in the GIS environment. This research is implemented on a small scale, but is intended to highlight the need for standardization and automatic integration of these systems as well as others that are fundamental to the effective management of electrical distribution systems.
CD4+CD25−Foxp3− Th1 cells are the source of IL-10–mediated immune suppression in chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis (2007)

Nonhealing forms of leishmaniasis in humans are commonly associated with elevated levels of the deactivating cytokine IL-10, and in the mouse, normally chronic infections can be cleared in the absence of IL-10. Using a Leishmania major strain that produces nonhealing dermal lesions in a T helper type 1 (Th1) cell-polarized setting, we have analyzed the cellular sources of IL-10 and their relative contribution to immune suppression. IL-10 was produced by innate cells, as well as CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(-) T cells in the chronic lesion. Nonetheless, only IL-10 production by antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(-) T cells, the majority of which also produced IFN-gamma, was necessary for suppression of acquired immunity in Rag(-/-) reconstituted mice. Surprisingly, Rag(-/-) mice reconstituted with naive CD4(+) T cells depleted of natural T regulatory cells developed more severe infections, associated with elevated levels of IL-10 and, especially, Th2 cytokines in the site. The data demonstrate that IL-10-producing Th1 cells, activated early in a strong inflammatory setting as a mechanism of feedback control, are the principal mediators of T cell-derived IL-10-dependent immune suppression in a chronic intracellular infection.
Role of MMP-7 in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (2016)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder. The association of MMP-7 and disease severity is still unclear. A total of 150 SLE patients and matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. Disease activity was scored according to SLEDAI (98 active and 52 inactive disease). Mean serum MMP-7 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients than controls ( p < 0.001). Patients with active disease showed higher levels (16.24 ± 6.2 ng/ml) as against inactive disease (10.50 ± 3.97 ng/ml) ( p ≤ 0.0001). Mean MMP-7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients (RQ = 3.16 ± 0.93) as compared to controls (RQ = 2.21 ± 0.89, p = 0.006). A positive correlation between MMP-7 levels, mRNA expression and SLEDAI score was observed ( r = 0.563, r = 0.427). The MMP-7 -181 G allele was found to be significantly higher among SLE patients ( p < 0.0001). A significant association was noted between MMP-7 -181 A/G +G/G genotypes with renal ( p = 0.0027) and CNS ( p = 0.0031) manifestations and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies ( p = 0.0312). Serum MMP-7 levels and mRNA expression were elevated in advanced stages of SLE, indicating that MMP-7 is associated with disease activity in SLE.
Optical waveguides structured with photoaligning polymers (2005)

We present a novel fast fabrication method for making optical waveguides by using a photoaligning and a liquid-crystal polymer. A difference in the refractive indices in the core and cladding regions is achieved by use of polarized UV light to align the polymer chains differently. A refractive-index difference of Deltan = 0.07 was achieved. The propagation loss in a channel waveguide is 4 dB/cm at a wavelength of 1.55 microm. The fabrication method has only a few processing steps and yields short fabrication times. The waveguide structures offer possibilities for generating devices with new applications related to the polarization of the guided light.
Septic arthritis of the knee: Presentation of a novel irrigation-suction system tested in a cadaver study (2011)

A novel irrigation-suction system may be an effective tool for postoperative knee joint irrigation in arthroscopic therapy for bacterial arthritis of the knee. Further animal studies are needed to verify the effects in vivo.
Experimental Studies on Biosensing by SPR (1989)

Biosensing using surface plasmon resonance is experimentally studied. The results obtained by detecting the bioresponse of the α-Feto protein system and cyclic experiments show that this technique has potential application in the field of biosensing. The effects of an organic layer on detecting sensitivity and restoration of sensors are also discussed.
Development of DNA field effect transistor (2003)

DNA sensor based on FET is researched.The working principle of DNAFET,the test circuit,the chip processing and the immobilization method are analyzed.And using this sensor to test the hybridization of oligonucleotide,the feasible result has got.At the same time the problems in the process of test,the methods to resolve one and the problem to further investigate have been discussed.
Use of the radio-frequency quadrupole structure as a cyclotron axial-buncher system (1981)

The radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) is a new linear accelerating structure being developed as a low-velocity linac. In this structure rf electric fields are used to simultaneously focus, bunch, and accelerate ions. The slow introduction of the accelerating field results in the adiabatic bunching of a dc ion beam with a large capture efficiency. Realistic computer simulations have shown that this new structure could also be used as a buncher in the axial injection system of a cyclotron. A description of the RFQ geometry and its general properties is given. A preliminary design is presented for a variable frequency RFQ to be used as buncher in the axial injection system of a variable energy cyclotron. The operating parameters for this RFQ are discussed.
A low-power, high-bandwidth LDO voltage regulator with no external capacitor (2008)

This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Fingerprint and speaker verification decisions fusion (2004)

By exploiting the specialist capabilities of each classifier, a combined classifier may yield results which would not be possible in a single classifier. We propose to combine fingerprint and speaker verification decisions using a functional link network. This is to circumvent the non-trivial trial-and-error and iterative training effort as seen in backpropagation neural networks which cannot guarantee global optimal solutions. In many data fusion applications, as individual classifiers to be combined would have attained a certain level of classification accuracy, the proposed functional link network can be used to combine these classifiers by taking their outputs as the inputs to the network. The network is used to combine the fingerprint and speaker verification decisions with much improved receiver operating characteristics performance as compared to an optimal weighting method.
Synthesis of narrowband AlN Lamb wave ladder-type filters based on overhang adjustment (2010)

By adjusting the aluminum nitride (AlN) "overhang" dimension, OH, measured from the center of the outermost electrode to the edge of AlN plate, independently of the interdigital transducer (IDT) pitch, AlN Lamb wave mode resonators (LWRs) with 0.25% relative frequency control were demonstrated. Unlike adjusting electrode number, NE, device length, L, and electrode coverage, η, all of which affect device parameters such as Q, R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> , C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> , and k <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , overhang frequency selection technique can linearly shift the center frequency up to 2.5% with no influence on other resonator parameters. Preliminary results of narrowband ladder filters using these finely spaced AlN LWRs as building blocks were fabricated and measured. Fine tuning of bandwidth and center frequency were studied.
Non invasive human stress detection using key stroke dynamics and pattern variations (2013)

Stress is considered as a very harmful health problem in the modern world. A large proportion of sick leave in the industrial world is believed to be related to stress. While some level of stress can act as a positive factor, extensive exposure to high levels of stress can have detrimental effects on one's health. Depression, panic attacks, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart problems are few of such diseases that can be initiated or worsened by stress. With the increasing people centricity in contemporary developments of computer science, Affective Computing has become a popular research area. According to the existing research, affective computing has shown positive results in detecting human stress. Stress detection has been tackled in various approaches including heart rate variability (HRV), skin conductance (SC), pupil diameter (PD) based detection, Finger Temperature (FT) and etc. Our focus in this study is to utilize a readily available yet underutilized resource in Affective Computing, key stroke dynamics (KSD). Recent developments in KSD based affective computing and Biometrics research proves that key stroke variations is a very powerful source of input that provides a valuable insight about an individual's psychological and emotional states. Our methodology suggests a personalised approach in detecting stress levels through key stroke variations. An application specific Individual key stroke pattern profile is created for an individual based on his normal typing patterns. This profile consists of trained average values for a set of typing features. Real time stress specific deviations of these features are analysed in order to arrive at the individual stress level. The remainder of the paper is structured as follows. First we introduce the research problem that this study is attempting to address. Then the significance of our approach is brought to the attention. The related work section tries to analyse and evaluate the existing related literature revolving around this research area. After that we present the details of our approach through the methodology section. The experiment section describes about the experiment conducted to gather the keystroke data that are to be analysed as stress and non-stress data samples. A brief overview of the results of the experiment is provided towards the end of the paper.
Vibration detection and backlash suppression in machine tools (2009)

Mechanical backlash is a common trouble in all servo mechanisms that is created by mechanical defects i.e. wear or looseness. Backlash imposes nonlinearity on a linear control system and may be contributed to a limit cycle. Considering mechanical subsystem of a servo axis as an elastic two-mass system, modeling the backlash with a dead zone and choosing reduced order control system for the speed and current controller, the frequency bandwidth of vibration is estimated. The estimated frequency is supported by the experimental vibration analysis of six different machine tools. To eliminate unwanted vibration, a backlash detection and suppression approach is proposed in this paper. In the case of vibration, load sensor is disregarded and the regulator conducts the setting speed of interpolator to the drive. Then stability is satisfied with the cost of some tracking error. When stability is detected load sensor is considered and the regulator output converges to the speed provided by the position control. To examine the approach, dynamic model of a real servo axis is obtained and it is validated by experimental data. Then the proposed modified control system is simulated.