gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Study of the effect of sclareol glycol diterpene on the 3',5'-AMP level]. (1989)

Sclareol glycol (SG) is a semisynthetic diterpene of the labdanic group. SG is tetranorlabdaniol bivalent alcohol 13, 14, 15, 16-tetranorlabdan-8 alpha, 12-diol, obtained from the plant Salvia sclarea L., grown in Bulgaria. The effects of SG were studied on the level of 3',5'-AMP in:mono-layer tissue cultures of the anterior hypophysis of the rat; in hypophysial and brain tissue during in vitro incubation; in liver microsomes of the rat during in vitro incubation and in liver perfusate of the rat. It was established that SG induced an increase in accumulation of 3,5'-AMP in the tissues from the anterior hypophyses of mature and newborn rats, in the sections of brain cortex and cerebellum of mature rats. Similar changes were found by the diterpene forskolin, studied comparatively. SG induced a reduction of accumulation of 3',5'-AMP in liver microsomes and diminished the release of 3',5'-AMP in a liver perfusate of the rat. The increased accumulation of 3',5'-AMP due to SG could be explained by postreceptor stimulation of the enzyme adenylate cyclase, binding directly to its catalytic subunit. The reduced accumulation of 3',5'-AMP in liver microsomes and its diminished release in liver perfusate could be explained either by activation of the inhibitory adenylate cyclase in hepatocytes or by desensitisation of 3',5'-AMP-generating system.
Sharing Session Keys in Encrypted Databases (2006)

Outsourcing database to database service providers demonstrates an emerging computation paradigm in many organizations. To meet the requirement of protecting sensitive data from outside providers, a bucket-based storage method is proposed to store the data encrypted. However, this storage method does not address the access control from the inside users, and an inside user may have enough rights to access the query results. In this paper, we propose a simple method to protect sensitive data both from insiders and outsiders on the bucket-based method. The session keys, used to encrypt sensitive data, are stored encrypted with corresponding tuples on remote databases. By constructing the user abilities to decrypt these encrypted keys on hierarchies, only the users in higher hierarchies are allowed to decrypt the encrypted session keys issued in some lower hierarchies. This method combines key distribution with access control and can be applied in the small enterprises where the users are structured in hierarchies
Consistency Properties of Least Squares Estimates of Autoregressive Parameters in ARMA Models (1983)

A unified treatment of the consistency properties of the ordinary least squares estimates in an autoregressive fitting of time series from nonstationary or stationary autoregressive moving average models is given. For a given model, the orders of autoregressions which produce consistent estimates are obtained and the limiting values, hence the biases, of the estimates of other autoregressions are investigated.
Intracellular actions of gonadotropic and peptide hormones and the therapeutic value of GnRH‐agonists in ovarian cancer (1992)

During the last two decades, considerable experimental evidence has been collected indicating that epithelial ovarian cancer might be gonadotropin dependent. LH and FSH receptors have been described in some of these tumors. The proliferation of ovarian cancer cells could be stimulated in vitro by gonadotropins. Suppression of endogenous LH and FSH secretion by GnRH-agonist treatment inhibited the growth of experimental or heterotransplanted ovarian cancers in various animal models. A number of recent phase II clinical trials have shown that the application of GnRH-agonists can lead to remission or stable disease in patients with relapsed advanced ovarian cancer. At present, prospective controlled clinical studies are being performed to assess the efficacy of GnRH-agonist treatment in addition to conventional surgical and cytostatic therapy in ovarian cancer in FIGO stages III and IV. Also, direct effects of GnRH analogues on ovarian cancer seem possible: a GnRH-like protein has been found in the human ovary. Our group discovered and partially characterized a specific GnRH-binding site (mol. wt 63.2 kDa) in ovarian cancer which is very similar to other human extrapituitary GnRH-binding sites of the low affinity, high capacity type, e.g. in breast cancer or the placenta. Recently, other groups have described also high affinity GnRH-agonist binding sites in ovarian cancer as well as in other extrapituitary tissues. First results from our laboratory indicate that the proliferation of certain ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro is reduced by both agonistic and antagonistic analogues of GnRH. Other authors were able to inhibit gonadotropin-induced in vitro proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines by co-incubation with a GnRH-agonist.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A precise and fast temperature mapping using water proton chemical shift (1995)

A new temperature measurement procedure using phase mapping was developed that makes use of the temperature dependence of the water proton chemical shift. Highly accurate and fast measurements were obtained during phantom and in vivo experiments. In the pure water phantom experiments, an accuracy of more than +/- 0.5 degrees C was obtained within a few seconds/slice using a field echo pulse sequence (TR/TE = 115/13 ms, matrix = 128 x 128, number of slices = 5). The temperature dependence of the water proton chemical shift was found to be almost the same for different materials with a chemical composition similar to living tissues (water, glucide, protein). Using this method, the temperature change inside a cat's brain was obtained with an accuracy of more than +/- 1 degree C and an in-plane resolution of 0.6 x 0.6 mm. The temperature measurement error was affected by several factors in the living system (B0 shifts caused by position shifts of the sample, blood flow, etc.), the position shift effect being the most serious.
Bulk and surface recombination in InAs/AlAs0.16Sb0.84 3.45 μm light emitting diodes (2000)

A study of the light generation efficiency of a series of InAs/AlAs0.16Sb0.84 light emitting diodes with p-type InAs active layers is reported. The bulk low-injection radiative efficiency of the p-type material is shown to be as high as 24% at a hole concentration of 1.5×1017 cm−3 but to decrease with increasing hole concentration in a manner consistent with the dominant low-injection nonradiative processes being Auger processes with two holes in their initial states and a total rate constant of 2×10−28 cm6 s−1. The maximum internal low-drive quantum efficiency achieved in the light emitting diodes is shown to be limited by interface recombination at the InAs/AlAs0.16Sb0.84 heterojunction and reabsorption in the active layer in addition to the bulk nonradiative processes in the InAs. A maximum value of ∼9% is achieved.
Induced PDK1 kinase activity suppresses apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells by activating Akt signaling following polyamine depletion. (2012)

Apoptosis plays a critical role in the maintenance of gut mucosal homeostasis and is highly regulated by numerous factors including polyamines. Decreasing cellular polyamines promotes the resistance of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to apoptosis by increasing Akt kinase activity, but the exact mechanisms by which polyamine depletion activates Akt remain unknown. 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), functions as a downstream of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and upstream of Akt and serves as a major regulator of Akt activity. The current study determined if polyamines regulate Akt activity by altering PDK1. Studies were conducted in IEC-6 cells, derived from rat small intestinal crypts. Depletion of cellular polyamines induced PDK1 phosphorylation and increased its kinase activity, which were prevented by exogenous polyamine putrescine. Induced PDK1 activation following polyamine depletion was associated with an increase in phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) and Akt kinase activity. In contrast, polyamine depletion did not alter levels of total PDK1 and Akt proteins. PDK1 silencing in polyamine-deficient cells not only prevented the induced Akt activation but also blocked the increased resistance to apoptosis. These results indicate that polyamine depletion enhanced Akt phosphorylation by increasing PDK1 kinase activity, thereby protecting IECs against apoptosis.
An Adaptive Body-Biased VCO with Voltage-Boosted Switched Tuning in 0.5-V Supply (2006)

This paper presents an adaptive body-biased low-voltage VCO. Despite the 0.5-V supply, the VCO uses coarse digital tuning by employing voltage-boosting technique. In addition, the effect of PVT variations is reduced by adaptive body-biasing technique. The proposed VCO is implemented in 0.18 mum CMOS technology and operates at 2.4 GHz. It achieves phase noise of -115.8 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset and 7.3 % of tuning range, while consuming 200 muW. Figure-of-merit with the tuning range is -189.1 dBc/Hz, which is the lowest among the recent state-of-the-art low-voltage VCOs
The RAPID Method for Blood Processing Yields New Insight in Plasma Concentrations and Molecular Forms of Circulating Gut Peptides (2009)

The correct identification of circulating molecular forms and measurement of peptide levels in blood entails that the endocrine peptide being studied is stable and recovered in good yields during blood processing. However, it is not clear whether this is achieved in studies using standard blood processing. Therefore, we compared peptide concentration and form of 12 (125)I-labeled peptides using the standard procedure (EDTA-blood on ice) and a new method employing Reduced temperatures, Acidification, Protease inhibition, Isotopic exogenous controls, and Dilution (RAPID). During standard processing there was at least 80% loss for calcitonin-gene-related peptide and cholecystokinin-58 (CCK-58) and more than 35% loss for amylin, insulin, peptide YY forms (PYY((1-36)) and PYY((3-36))), and somatostatin-28. In contrast, the RAPID method significantly improved the recovery for 11 of 12 peptides (P < 0.05) and eliminated the breakdown of endocrine peptides occurring after standard processing as reflected in radically changed molecular forms for CCK-58, gastrin-releasing peptide, somatostatin-28, and ghrelin. For endogenous ghrelin, this led to an acyl/total ghrelin ratio of 1:5 instead of 1:19 by the standard method. These results show that the RAPID method enables accurate assessment of circulating gut peptide concentrations and forms such as CCK-58, acylated ghrelin, and somatostatin-28. Therefore, the RAPID method represents an efficacious means to detect circulating variations in peptide concentrations and form relevant to the understanding of physiological function of endocrine peptides.
Trends in the Quick Service Restaurant Industry (1992)

With the efforts of researchers from all over the world, metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been booming rapidly in recent years. Generally, perovskite films are sensitive to surrounding conditions and will be changed under the action of physical fields, resulting in lattice distortion, degradation, ion migration, and so on. In this review, the progress of physical fields manipulation in PSCs, including the electric field, magnetic field, light field, stress field, and thermal field are reviewed. On this basis, the influences of these fields on PSCs are summarized and prospected. Finally, challenges and prospective research directions on how to make better use of external-fields while minimizing the unnecessary and disruptive impacts on commercial PSCs with high-efficiency and steady output are proposed.
Pharmaceutical Formulation Facilities as Sources of Opioids and Other Pharmaceuticals to Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents (2010)

Facilities involved in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products are an under-investigated source of pharmaceuticals to the environment. Between 2004 and 2009, 35 to 38 effluent samples were collected from each of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in New York and analyzed for seven pharmaceuticals including opioids and muscle relaxants. Two WWTPs (NY2 and NY3) receive substantial flows (>20% of plant flow) from pharmaceutical formulation facilities (PFF) and one (NY1) receives no PFF flow. Samples of effluents from 23 WWTPs across the United States were analyzed once for these pharmaceuticals as part of a national survey. Maximum pharmaceutical effluent concentrations for the national survey and NY1 effluent samples were generally <1 μg/L. Four pharmaceuticals (methadone, oxycodone, butalbital, and metaxalone) in samples of NY3 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 3.4 to >400 μg/L. Maximum concentrations of oxycodone (1700 μg/L) and metaxalone (3800 μg/L) in samples from NY3 effluent exceeded 1000 μg/L. Three pharmaceuticals (butalbital, carisoprodol, and oxycodone) in samples of NY2 effluent had median concentrations ranging from 2 to 11 μg/L. These findings suggest that current manufacturing practices at these PFFs can result in pharmaceuticals concentrations from 10 to 1000 times higher than those typically found in WWTP effluents.
Characteristics of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis induced by moderate-intensity exercise and weight loss in obesity (2007)

There are fewer mitochondria and a reduced oxidative capacity in skeletal muscle in obesity. Moderate-intensity physical activity combined with weight loss increase oxidative enzyme activity in obese sedentary adults; however, this adaptation occurs without a significant increase in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is unlike the classic pattern of mitochondrial biogenesis induced by vigorous activity. The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that the mitochondrial adaptation to moderate-intensity exercise and weight loss in obesity induces increased mitochondrial cristae despite a lack of mtDNA proliferation. Content of cardiolipin and mtDNA and enzymatic activities of the electron transport chain (ETC) and tricarboxylic acid cycle were measured in biopsy samples of vastus lateralis muscle obtained from sedentary obese men and women before and following a 4-mo walking intervention combined with weight loss. Cardiolipin increased by 60% from 47 +/- 4 to 74 +/- 8 microg/mU CK (P < 0.01), but skeletal muscle mtDNA content did not change significantly (1,901 +/- 363 to 2,169 +/- 317 Rc, where Rc is relative copy number of mtDNA per diploid nuclear genome). Enzyme activity of the ETC increased (P < 0.01); that for rotenone-sensitive NADH-oxidase (96 +/- 1%) increased more than for ubiquinol-oxidase (48 +/- 6%). Activities for citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase increased by 29 +/- 9% and 40 +/- 6%, respectively. In conclusion, moderate-intensity physical activity combined with weight loss induces skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in previously sedentary obese men and women, but this response occurs without mtDNA proliferation and may be characterized by an increase in mitochondrial cristae.
Photonic Measurements Of Microwave Pulses (1986)

We have successfully demonstrated a photonic free space microwave frequency sensor at the Sandia High Power Microwave facility. This sensor, which uses the Pockels effect, is a miniature dielectric device that we constructed from electro-optic and fiber-optic components. In this sensor, an incident pulsed microwave electric field modulates a carrier laser beam at the microwave frequency. The depth of modulation is proportional to the field strength. Since the bandwidth of the detected signal exceeds that of conventional transient signal digitizers, we use a prototype High Speed Multichannel Data Recorder that we have developed. This instrument employs a high bandwidth streak camera to record the sensor signal in real time, without the need for downmixing. Because it is small and dielectric, the sensor is non-perturbing. Its input and output leads are fiber-optic and therefore immune to electromagnetic interference. Because the sensor is broadband, we can Fourier transform the pulse and obtain a power spectrum. We discuss the construction and use of this sensor and present data showing the direct recording of a 3 GHz microwave pulse on the High Speed Multichannel Data Recorder. We also discuss the use of multigigahertz analog laser diode transmitters in extending the bandwidth of conventional pulsed microwave diagnostics.
Analysis, understanding and representation of Chinese newspaper with complex layout (2000)

Layout analysis, understanding and representation are important problems when transforming paper document to its electronic version. For a Chinese newspaper with a complex layout, a bottom-up algorithm of layout analysis based on nearest neighbor connect-strength and line confidence is proposed. We also propose a rule-based growing algorithm used for layout understanding. The implementation of layout representation is discussed at the same time. Using these algorithms with a Chinese OCR engine, we developed a complete system that can be used for automatic electronic publishing. The algorithms were proved to be efficient and practical by experimental results and by a practically running system.
Prestressed Pile to Bent Cap Connections: Seismic Performance of a Full-Scale Three-Pile Specimen (2013)

The South Carolina DOT employs a detail in which piles are plainly embedded into bent caps without the use of any special detailing to the pile. The behavior of these connections is of special concern in areas where seismic activity poses a threat to infrastructure. This paper discusses the experimental results of a full-scale three-pile bent specimen subjected to a modified earthquake displacement history. This study is significant in the type of loading applied, the scale of the specimen, the inclusion of multiple piles, and the evaluation of differing bent cap reinforcement designs. The specimen was the culmination of an experimental research effort that included eight full-scale single-pile specimens. Results of the full-scale experiment and a numerical model are used for evaluation of the connection as well as comparison between differing reinforcement designs at exterior ends of the bent cap. These results include concrete cracking and spalling, strand slippage, ductility, and the amount of confinement at each connection.
Semantic database mapping in EUFID (1980)

The End-User Friendly Interface to Data Management (EUFID) is a processing system of programs which permits users to query a database in a natural English-like way. The EUFID system translates the user's question into a query expressed in the query language of the target DataBase Management System (DBMS). EUFID makes use of two very different views of the applications data: that of the users, and that of the DBMS. This paper describes the mapping of query statements from one view to the other. Mapping is discussed in general terms as well as in terms of the specific algorithms of EUFID. Examples are given.
Gable porphyrin metal complex as a double recognition model (1990)

S. Kugimiya, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1990, 432 DOI: 10.1039/C39900000432
Requirement of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel β <sub>4</sub> Subunit for T Lymphocyte Functions (2005)

Calcium is known to play vital roles in diverse physiological processes, and it is known that voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav) mediate calcium influx in excitable cells. However, no consensus exists on the molecular identity of the calcium channels present in nonexcitable cells such as T lymphocytes. Here, we demonstrate that T lymphocytes express both regulatory beta4 and poreforming Cav1 alpha1 subunits of Cav channels. Cav beta4-mutant T lymphocytes fail to acquire normal functions and display impairment in the calcium response, activation of the transcription factor NFAT, and cytokine production. Although Cav1 channels of lymphocytes retain their voltage dependency, T cell receptor stimulation dramatically increases channel opening, providing a new mechanism for calcium entry in lymphocytes.
Is C-reactive protein level useful in differentiating infected from uninfected neonates among those at risk of infection? (2004)

Several intrapartum risk factors for EOS can cause elevation in CRP levels. However, this test may be useful in excluding infection.
Predicting and preventing melanoma invasiveness: advances in clarifying E2F1 function (2010)

Malignant melanoma of the skin is one of the most aggressive human cancers with increasing incidence, despite efforts to improve primary prevention. In particular, the prognosis of patients at late stages of the disease has not significantly improved in the last three decades, because systemic therapies have proven disappointing. Thus, metastatic melanoma continues to be a daunting clinical problem. The increasingly high rates of lethal outcome associated with advanced melanoma rely on the acquisition of invasiveness, early metastatic dissemination of tumor cells from their primary sites, and generation of chemoresistance as a consequence of alteration of key molecules involved in the regulation of cell survival. Thus far, extensive studies have been conducted to understand the molecular mechanisms that drive tumor progression, but the specific requirements underlying the aggressive behavior are still widely unknown. Understanding the determinants of this process is key to unveiling its dynamics, especially those that promote invasiveness, and may open new routes for the development of therapeutic strategies that control metastatic spread, and eventually the prevention of life-threatening metastases. Here, we review recent advances on molecular aspects, particularly of E2F1 transcription factor function, in the context of patient data, and discuss the implications for targeting melanoma cells when they begin to invade and metastasize.
Motor subtype and cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies (2006)

A PIGD motor subtype is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline in PD and may be considered a risk factor for incident dementia in PD.
Equiangular Spiral Antenna Backed by a Shallow Cavity With Absorbing Strips (2008)

When a conducting shallow cavity is placed behind an equiangular spiral to obtain a unidirectional beam, the inherent wideband characteristics of the spiral deteriorate. To restore the wideband characteristics, a ring-shaped absorbing strip (R-ABS) is placed under the spiral arms. Analysis of the equiangular spiral with the R-ABS is performed using the finite-difference time-domain method. It is found that the R-ABS successfully restores the wideband characteristics. Subsequently, the R-ABS is divided into two absorbing strips, each specified by an arc-angle . Analysis reveals that the radiation characteristics obtained using the R-ABS are reproduced when the arc-angle is greater than . Throughout this paper an extremely small cavity depth is selected for the analysis: 0.07 wavelength at the lower operating design frequency of 3 GHz.
Study of Oxidation—Reduction Properties and No‐Donor Ability of Dienediamines in the Indole, Pyrrole, and Thiophene Series. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.