gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk delay analysis of a 0.13-μm-node test chip and precise gate-level simulation technology (2003)

The impact of crosstalk on the delay was examined by measuring a test chip manufactured with a 0.13-/spl mu/m-node technology. This examination revealed three requirements for precise and fast gate-level simulation technology: (1) consideration of degradation change dependent on relative-signal-arrival-time over a wide range, (2) static timing analysis (STA) based operation, and (3) quantitative estimation of the degradation accumulation caused by multiple aggressors. A candidate for such simulation technology is provided. and its highly precise characteristic is demonstrated through measurements and simulations. In a test structure with a two-aggressor crosstalk, the maximum error between the measured and simulated degradations was reduced to less than one sixth of that with a conventional method.
Bioprospecting keratinous materials (2010)

The concept of bioprospecting for bioactive peptides from keratin-containing materials such as wool, hair, skin and feathers presents an exciting opportunity for discovery of novel functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals, while value-adding to cheap and plentiful natural sources. The published literature reports multiple examples of proline-rich peptides with productive bio-activity in models of human disease including tumour formation, hypertension control and Alzheimer's disease. Bioactive peptides have been identified from food and other protein sources however the bioactivity of keratin-related proteins and peptides is largely unknown. Considering the high representation of proline-rich peptides among proven bioactive peptides, the proline-rich character of keratinous proteins supports current research. A selection of mammalian (cow epidermis, sheep wool) and avian (chicken feather) keratinous materials were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using established processing methods. A bio-assay of determining inhibition of early stage amyloid aggregation involved using a model fibril-forming protein - reduced and carboxymethylated bovine K-casein (RCMk-CN) and quantitation of fibril development with the amyloid-specific fluorophore, Thioflavin T (ThT). The assay was fully validated for analytical repeatability and used together with appropriate positive controls. Peptide library products derived from chicken feather (n=9), sheep wool (n=9) and bovine epidermis (n=9) were screened in the fibril inhibition assay based on K-casein. 3 of 27 products exhibited interesting levels of bio-activity with regard to fibril inhibition. HPLC profiles provide an indication of the complexity of the assemblage of peptides in the three active products. We conclude the bioprospecting research using keratinous materials shows promise for discovery of useful bioactive peptides.
Collagen-like proteins in horse pathogenic Streptococcus equi (2005)

Streptococcus equi subspecies equi is the causative agent of strangles, a respiratory disease that affects horses worldwide. Like other pathogenic bacteria, S. equi subspecies equi expresses a number of extracellular proteins important for the interaction with the host and thus for the pathogenesis. In this thesis, one aim was to identify and characterise novel extracellular proteins in this subspecies. Signal phage display was used to screen the genome of S. equi subsp. equi strain 1866 for signal sequences thereby identifying extracellular proteins. A novel collagen-like protein, SclC, was found and further characterised. The SclC protein, similar to Scl proteins in S. pyogenes, has an N-terminal signal sequence, a unique region, a collagen-like region and a wall-spanning region ending with an LPXTG-motif preceding the membrane-bound region in the C-terminal end. Using bioinformatic tools, the collagen-like protein was found to be a member of a family consisting of seven collagen-like proteins, called SclC-SclI, in subspecies equi. In contrast to mammalian collagen, all these proteins have collagen-like regions that consist of KGD/KGE triplets, which are suggested to be of importance for the structure of the proteins. When sera from horses previously infected with subsp. equi and sera from healthy horses were analysed, antibodies against all seven proteins were detected. Furthermore, antibodies against SclC recognised all members of the family of collagen-like proteins. In an immunisation study in a strangles model in mice, immunisation with SclC resulted in protection against infection by S. equi subsp. equi. The biological role of SclC was further investigated in a collagen lattice gel contraction study to investigate whether mammalian integrins would recognise SclC, which turned out not to be the case. The biological role of the collagen-like proteins identified here is not fully comprehended. However, since the vaccination studies in mice resulted in protection against infection, these proteins have an interesting potential for further vaccine trials in horses.
Neural Network-Based Real-Time Prediction of Glucose in Patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes (2011)

Real-time prediction of glucose via the proposed NNM may provide a means of intelligent therapeutic guidance and direction.
A programmable hardware accelerator for compiled electrical simulation (1988)

This paper describes a high performance hardware accelerator for electrical simulation, with a speedup of over 500 for a uniprocessor. The processor addresses a variety of problems ranging from timing simulation to circuit simulation. The accelerator combines special purpose units, such as a high speed device evaluator, with fully programmable general purpose processors. The specialized processors offer extremely high speed for performance critical parts of the simulation. The general purpose processors are optimized for compiled electrical simulation, and use a very long instruction word I(VLIW) architecture. The network solution is compiled into VLIW code. This paper concentrates on those features of the machine that are designed for circuit simulation algorithms, such as SPICE. A simplified example is used to expose the hardware and software techniques used to attack the problem, and estimate the performance improvement due to each technique.
Substitution of Adenovirus Serotype 3 Hexon onto a Serotype 5 Oncolytic Adenovirus Reduces Factor X Binding, Decreases Liver Tropism, and Improves Antitumor Efficacy (2010)

Following intravascular delivery, an important route of administration for many clinical applications, the liver is the predominant site of adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) sequestration, thereby posing a risk of toxicity. In this regard, it has recently been shown that the Ad5 capsid binds to the blood coagulation factor X (FX) via the Ad5 hexon protein. This interaction mediates the majority of Ad5 liver transduction. Patient FX levels can be diminished by the administration of warfarin, a vitamin K inhibitor in the liver that decreases FX production; however, warfarin is a potent anticoagulant and can have a number of undesired side effects. Therefore, genetic modification of the virus to ablate FX binding is the preferred approach. Modifications of the hexon protein, specifically within the hypervariable 5 (HVR5) and 7 (HVR7) regions, have produced Ad5 vectors that show minimal liver sequestration. Our laboratory has pioneered adenovirus hexon modifications, including insertion of peptide ligands into the hypervariable regions and substitution of the adenovirus hexon with hexon proteins from alternate serotypes. Substitution of the adenovirus serotype 3 (Ad3) hexon protein onto the Ad5 capsid has been further characterized with regard to its interaction with FX and incorporated into an infectivity-enhanced conditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd). In vitro evaluation of these hexon-modified vectors showed decreased binding to FX and decreased cell transduction via FX-mediated pathways. Furthermore, in vivo biodistribution studies in mice exhibited a decrease in liver sequestration. With the use of xenograft tumor models, the antitumor efficacy of the hexon-modified CRAds was enhanced over nonmodified controls.
Facile Synthesis of Highly Faceted Multioctahedral Pt Nanocrystals through Controlled Overgrowth (2008)

Highly faceted Pt nanocrystals with a large number of interconnected arms in a quasi-octahedral shape were synthesized simply by reducing H2PtCl6 precursor with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) in aqueous solutions containing a trace amount of FeCl3. The iron species (Fe(3+) or Fe(2+)) play a key role in inducing the formation of the multioctahedral structure by decreasing the concentration of Pt atoms and keeping a low concentration for the Pt seeds during the reaction. This condition favors the overgrowth of Pt seeds along their corners and thus the formation of multiarmed nanocrystals. Electron microscopy studies revealed that the multioctahedral Pt nanocrystals exhibit a large number of edge, corner, and surface step atoms. The size of the multioctahedral Pt nanocrystals can be controlled by varying the concentration of FeCl3 added to the reaction and/or the reaction temperature. These multioctahedral Pt nanocrystals were tested as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and exhibited improved specific activity and durability compared to commercial Pt/C catalyst.
Stabilization of Montmorillonite Clay in Porous Media by High-Molecular-Weight Polymers (1992)

Summary A dynamic method is proposed for checking the stability of clay in porous media for different brine conditions and the stabilizing effect provided by several anionic and nonionic high-molecular-weight polymers. The method consists of injecting brine at decreasing salinity levels into clayey sandpacks until unstabilized permeability reduction is reached from the dislodging of clay particles that become trapped in pore restrictions. The last stable state before clay destabilization is characterized by a critical salinity concentration (CSC). As expected, montmorillonite clay 5% dispersed in a sandpack is more stable in the presence of KC1 than NaCl brines, giving CSC values of 5, 000 and 27, 500 ppm, respectively. Polyacrylamides are much better clay stabilizers than carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or xanthan gum (XG), lowering the CSC of KC1 to 1, 000 to 2, 000 ppm and the CSC of NaCl to 6, 000 to 7, 000 ppm. A low-molecular-weight shear-degraded polyacrylamide is shown to keep good stabilizing power without inducing the high permeability reduction values obtained after adsorption of high-molecular-weight products. In addition to preventing clay migration, polyacrylamides are also shown to inhibit clay swelling.
Anti-calmodulins and Tricyclic Adjuvants in Pain Therapy Block the TRPV1 Channel (2007)

Ca(2+)-loaded calmodulin normally inhibits multiple Ca(2+)-channels upon dangerous elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) and protects cells from Ca(2+)-cytotoxicity, so blocking of calmodulin should theoretically lead to uncontrolled elevation of intracellular Ca(2+). Paradoxically, classical anti-psychotic, anti-calmodulin drugs were noted here to inhibit Ca(2+)-uptake via the vanilloid inducible Ca(2+)-channel/inflamatory pain receptor 1 (TRPV1), which suggests that calmodulin inhibitors may block pore formation and Ca(2+) entry. Functional assays on TRPV1 expressing cells support direct, dose-dependent inhibition of vanilloid-induced (45)Ca(2+)-uptake at microM concentrations: calmidazolium (broad range) > or = trifluoperazine (narrow range) chlorpromazine/amitriptyline>fluphenazine>>W-7 and W-13 (only partially). Most likely a short acidic domain at the pore loop of the channel orifice functions as binding site either for Ca(2+) or anti-calmodulin drugs. Camstatin, a selective peptide blocker of calmodulin, inhibits vanilloid-induced Ca(2+)-uptake in intact TRPV1(+) cells, and suggests an extracellular site of inhibition. TRPV1(+), inflammatory pain-conferring nociceptive neurons from sensory ganglia, were blocked by various anti-psychotic and anti-calmodulin drugs. Among them, calmidazolium, the most effective calmodulin agonist, blocked Ca(2+)-entry by a non-competitive kinetics, affecting the TRPV1 at a different site than the vanilloid binding pocket. Data suggest that various calmodulin antagonists dock to an extracellular site, not found in other Ca(2+)-channels. Calmodulin antagonist-evoked inhibition of TRPV1 and NMDA receptors/Ca(2+)-channels was validated by microiontophoresis of calmidazolium to laminectomised rat monitored with extracellular single unit recordings in vivo. These unexpected findings may explain empirically noted efficacy of clinical pain adjuvant therapy that justify efforts to develop hits into painkillers, selective to sensory Ca(2+)-channels but not affecting motoneurons.
Constitutive Notch2 signaling induces hepatic tumors in mice (2012)

Our data establish an oncogenic role for constitutive Notch2 signaling in liver cancer development.
Activity of α-galactosidase in immobilized cells of Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt (1997)

Cell suspension culture Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. were permeabilized by Tween 80 and immobilized by glutaraldehyde. The highest α-galactosidase activity was at pH 5.3 and temperature 70 Â°C. The hydrolysis of substrate was linear for 3 h reaching 70 - 75 % conversion. The cells characterized by high enzyme activity and stability in long-term storage showed convenient physico-mechanical properties (physical protection from shear forces and easy separation of product from biocatalysts).
Do burned-out and work-engaged employees differ in the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis? (2006)

Burned-out and work-engaged managers only differ marginally in HPA-axis functioning.
Microbial Propionic Acid Production (2017)

Propionic acid (propionate) is a commercially valuable carboxylic acid produced through microbial fermentation. Propionic acid is mainly used in the food industry but has recently found applications in the cosmetic, plastics and pharmaceutical industries. Propionate can be produced via various metabolic pathways, which can be classified into three major groups: fermentative pathways, biosynthetic pathways, and amino acid catabolic pathways. The current review provides an in-depth description of the major metabolic routes for propionate production from an energy optimization perspective. Biological propionate production is limited by high downstream purification costs which can be addressed if the target yield, productivity and titre can be achieved. Genome shuffling combined with high throughput omics and metabolic engineering is providing new opportunities, and biological propionate production is likely to enter the market in the not so distant future. In order to realise the full potential of metabolic engineering and heterologous expression, however, a greater understanding of metabolic capabilities of the native producers, the fittest producers, is required.
Noise-tolerance improvement in dynamic CMOS logic circuits (2006)

Dynamic CMOS logic styles are widely used in high-performance systems due mainly to their speed. However they have lower noise-tolerance than their static CMOS counterparts. To overcome this disadvantage a new noise-tolerant circuit technique, suitable for precharge-evaluate dynamic circuits, is presented. The technique is suitable for TSPC and domino gates. Comparisons with previously reported noise-tolerant dynamic circuit techniques are presented. Simulation results on TSPC and domino gates show that the proposed technique improves the noise tolerance of conventional dynamic gates with reduced performance overhead. The feasibility of this new technique is demonstrated by means of a pipelined 0.35 μm CMOS carry look-ahead full adder. Experimental results show an increased noise tolerance of up to three times over standard CMOS logic.
Fully automatic pose-invariant face recognition via 3D pose normalization (2011)

An ideal approach to the problem of pose-invariant face recognition would handle continuous pose variations, would not be database specific, and would achieve high accuracy without any manual intervention. Most of the existing approaches fail to match one or more of these goals. In this paper, we present a fully automatic system for pose-invariant face recognition that not only meets these requirements but also outperforms other comparable methods. We propose a 3D pose normalization method that is completely automatic and leverages the accurate 2D facial feature points found by the system. The current system can handle 3D pose variation up to ±45° in yaw and ±30° in pitch angles. Recognition experiments were conducted on the USF 3D, Multi-PIE, CMU-PIE, FERET, and FacePix databases. Our system not only shows excellent generalization by achieving high accuracy on all 5 databases but also outperforms other methods convincingly.
Fabrication of a TCEP-immobilised monolithic silica microchip for reduction of disulphide bonds in proteins (2013)

Protein identification by mass spectrometry forms the cornerstone of proteomics. Commonly, the identification of proteins is based on digestion of proteins into peptides using proteolytic enzymes. Cleavage of the disulphide bonds in proteins before enzymatic digestion and mass spectral analysis is important in order to facilitate the accessibility of the enzyme to cleave the proteins into peptides. As a result, the protein sequence coverage will be increased. In this study, a novel approach for immobilisation of the reducing reagent on the surface of a silica-based monolith in order to use it for reduction of disulphide bonds in proteins was successfully developed. This was carried out by silanisation of the surface of the silica-based monolith with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), followed by immobilisation of the reducing reagent, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP) on the surface of the amino-bonded silica monolith. The fabricated monolith was characterised using SEM analysis, EDX analysis, IR spectroscopy, and BET model. The performance of the fabricated glass microchip containing the TCEP-immobilised silica monolith to reduce the disulphide bonds in proteins was checked by injection of 100 μL of denatured insulin inside the microchip using a syringe pump at a flow rate of 10 μL min−1, followed by sealing both ends of the ETFE tubes with Blu-Tak. The microchip was kept in a humidified chamber for 30 min at 60 °C. After the reduction reaction, the reduced cysteine residues were alkylated with IAA at 60 °C for 30 min, followed by using a MALDI-TOF-MS instrument for qualitative confirmation. The results show that the fabricated microchip-based silica monolith has the ability to reduce disulphide bonds in insulin. In addition, the method is simple, reduces the risk of contamination, and results in lower amounts of the sample and reagents compared with the conventional techniques for proteomics sample preparation. A future study investigating reduction of the disulphide bonds in proteins from a real sample using this new microfluidic device would be very interesting.
Learning performance of DAGSVM algorithm based on Markov sampling (2015)

Support vector machine (SVM) is originally designed for 2-class classification problem under the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) sampling. Most classification problems in practice involve multiple categories, hence the SVM has been extended to handle multi-class classification by solving a series of binary classification problems such as the Directed Acyclic Graph SVM (DAGSVM) method. In this paper, we propose the new DAGSVM based on the Markov sampling to replace the classical framework of i.i.d. samples. Numerical studies on the learning performance of the DAGSVM based on Markov sampling for real-world dátasete are presented. Experimental results indicate that the DAGSVM based on Markov sampling yields better learning performance compared to the DAGSVM algorithm based on independent random sampling.
Using Peephole Optimization on Intermediate Code (1982)

Many portable compilers generate an intermediate code that is subsequently translated into the target machine's assembly language. In this paper a stack-machine-based intermediate code suitable for algebraic languages (e.g., PASCAL, C, FORTRAN) and most byte-addressed mini-and microcomputers is described. A table-driven peephole optimizer that improves this intermediate code is then discussed in detail and compared with other local optimization methods. Measurements show an improvement of about 15 percent, depending on the precise metric used.
Fetal and neonatal haematology (1991)

Development of Blood in the Foetus: The Normal Blood Picture in Neonates. Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn: Anaemia in the Neonate: Polycythaemia in the Newborn Infant: Normal and Disordered Coagulation: Transfusion in the Foetus and Newborn: Inherited Disorders: Neonatal Tumours and Leukemia: Prenatal Diagnosis of Haematological Disorders.
Hybrid LUT/Multiplexer FPGA Logic Architectures (2015)

Hybrid configurable logic block architectures for field-programmable gate arrays that contain a mixture of lookup tables and hardened multiplexers are evaluated toward the goal of higher logic density and area reduction. Multiple hybrid configurable logic block architectures, both nonfracturable and fracturable with varying MUX:LUT logic element ratios are evaluated across two benchmark suites (VTR and CHStone) using a custom tool flow consisting of LegUp-HLS, Odin-II front-end synthesis, ABC logic synthesis and technology mapping, and VPR for packing, placement, routing, and architecture exploration. Technology mapping optimizations that target the proposed architectures are also implemented within ABC. Experimentally, we show that for nonfracturable architectures, without any mapper optimizations, we naturally save up to ~8% area postplace and route; both accounting for complex logic block and routing area while maintaining mapping depth. With architecture-aware technology mapper optimizations in ABC, additional area is saved, post-place-and-route. For fracturable architectures, experiments show that only marginal gains are seen after place-and-route up to ~2%. For both nonfracturable and fracturable architectures, we see minimal impact on timing performance for the architectures with best area-efficiency.
Multi-process constrained estimation (1991)

A method that maximizes the information flow through a constrained communications channel when it is desired to estimate the state of multiple nonstationary processes is described. The concept of a constrained channel is introduced as a channel that is not capable of transferring all of the information required. A measure of information is developed based on the estimation entropy utilizing the Kalman filter state estimator. It is shown that this measure of information can be used to determine which process to observe in order to maximize a measure of global information flow. For stationary processes, the sampling sequence can be computed a priori, but nonstationary processes require real-time sequence computation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>