gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tumor Antigens in Thoracic Malignancy (2000)

Although various methods of immune stimulation have been attempted for treatment of thoracic malignancies, none have proven to be reliably effective (1‐3). In contrast, immune-based therapies have proven more successful in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (4, 5), leading to the misconception that thoracic malignancies are nonimmunogenic and will not be amenable to immunologic interventions. In ground-breaking studies, however, Boon and colleagues found that protective immunity can be generated against nonimmunogenic murine tumors (6, 7). These studies suggest that a tumor’s apparent lack of immunogenicity is indicative of a failure to elicit an effective host response rather than a lack of tumor antigen expression (8, 9). Accordingly, a new paradigm emerged that focused on generating antitumor responses by therapeutic vaccination (10, 11). In this setting, vaccination refers to an intervention that unmasks tumor antigens leading to generation of specific host-immune responses against the tumor. Several techniques have been used to detect tumor antigens (Ags) that are recognized by humoral and/or cellular immune responses. In this issue of the Red Journal, Robinson and colleagues report results using a technique referred to as “serologic analysis of recombinant complementary DNA (cDNA) expression libraries,” or SEREX, to identify tumor antigens (12). This technique identifies antibody responses generated in patients with malignant mesothelioma (MM) by using sera from the patients to interact with tumor cDNA libraries to identify specific Ags. Of particular interest is the finding of antibodies to topoisomerase II b in 13 of 14 patients with MM. The discovery of shared tumor antigens in patients with MM may have implications for both the diagnosis and eventual immune targeting of this disease, and these authors are applauded for initiating this process. In addition, Robinson and associates found that the number of serum reactivities correlated with patient survival, but the significance of this observation will require further study. In contrast to the use of cloned cell lines used in their
HIV nursing management in the home health care setting (1991)

Health care professionals have the responsibility to be up-to-date in regard to informa tion about the HIV/AIDS disease process and the care of PWAs. As PWAs spend most of their time outside the acute-care setting and as acute-care facility (ACF) stays have decreased in length, the accountability of the home health care professional is increasingly significant. The author's focus is nursing management, as the disease is nursing intensive. However, the information presented is directly applicable to all home health care professionals. The author describes the continuum of HIV disease in both medical and nursing models. This directly applicable information will facilitate the home health professional's efforts to minimize ACF admissions for PWAs, to maximize the quality of community-based services available, and to promote the development of a case-management system to assist PWAs.
Unexpected Consequences of Block Polydispersity on the Self-Assembly of ABA Triblock Copolymers (2012)

Controlled/"living" polymerizations and tandem polymerization methodologies offer enticing opportunities to enchain a wide variety of monomers into new, functional block copolymer materials with unusual physical properties. However, the use of these synthetic methods often introduces nontrivial molecular weight polydispersities, a type of chain length heterogeneity, into one or more of the copolymer blocks. While the self-assembly behavior of monodisperse AB diblock and ABA triblock copolymers is both experimentally and theoretically well understood, the effects of broadening the copolymer molecular weight distribution on block copolymer phase behavior are less well-explored. We report the melt-phase self-assembly behavior of SBS triblock copolymers (S = poly(styrene) and B = poly(1,4-butadiene)) comprised of a broad polydispersity B block (M(w)/M(n) = 1.73-2.00) flanked by relatively narrow dispersity S blocks (M(w)/M(n) = 1.09-1.36), in order to identify the effects of chain length heterogeneity on block copolymer self-assembly. Based on synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy analyses of seventeen SBS triblock copolymers with poly(1,4-butadiene) volume fractions 0.27 ≤ f(B) ≤ 0.82, we demonstrate that polydisperse SBS triblock copolymers self-assemble into periodic structures with unexpectedly enhanced stabilities that greatly exceed those of equivalent monodisperse copolymers. The unprecedented stabilities of these polydisperse microphase separated melts are discussed in the context of a complete morphology diagram for this system, which demonstrates that narrow dispersity copolymers are not required for periodic nanoscale assembly.
Time course of altered DNA methylation evoked by critical illness and by early administration of parenteral nutrition in the paediatric ICU (2020)

Critical illness- and early-PN-induced changes in DNA methylation occurred mainly within 3 days. Most abnormalities were at least partially maintained or got worse with longer time in PICU. Interventions targeting aberrant DNA methylation changes should be initiated early.
Roots, rhizosphere and soil: the route to a better understanding of soil science? (2005)

Summary The centenary of Hiltner's recognition of a rhizosphere effect is a convenient point to assess the impact of such thinking on the direction of soil science. A review of the major soil journals suggests that for much of the last century, Hiltner's insight had little effect on mainstream thinking outside of soil microbiology, but this situation is changing rapidly as the consequences of spatial and temporal heterogeneity on soil functioning assumes greater importance. Studies of root growth, root distributions and of rhizosphere processes over the last 25 years demonstrate both the size and distribution of root systems and the associated inputs from roots to soils. These inputs result in a plethora of dynamic reactions at the root–soil interface whose consequences are felt at a range of temporal and spatial scales. Root growth and respiration, rhizodeposition, and uptake of water and nutrients result in biological, chemical and physical changes in soils over variable distances from the root surface so that the rhizosphere has different dimensions depending on the process considered. At the root length densities common for many crop species, much of the upper 0.1 m of soil might be influenced by root activity for mobile nutrients, water and root‐emitted volatile compounds for a substantial proportion of the growing season. This brief review concludes that roots are an essential component of soil biology and of soil science.
Characterization of the ileal Na+/bile salt co-transporter in brush border membrane vesicles and functional expression in <i>Xenopus laevis</i> oocytes (1992)

The Na+/bile salt co-transporter of the pig ileal brush border membrane has been expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Injection of pig ileal poly (A)+ RNA into oocytes resulted in the functional expression of an Na(+)-gradient-stimulated taurocholate uptake within 2-5 days. The expressed Na(+)-dependent taurocholate uptake exhibited saturation kinetics (apparent Km of 48 microM), and displayed similar competitive substrate inhibition by taurodeoxycholate as the native brush border Na+/bile salt co-transporter studied in pig ileal brush border membrane vesicles. Interestingly, injection of pig proximal and mid intestinal poly (A)+ RNA into oocytes also resulted in the expression of the Na+/bile salt co-transporter, though the Na(+)-dependent transport of bile salts does not occur in brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV) isolated from pig proximal and mid intestine. This suggests that the mRNA coding for the co-transporter is present in the enterocytes lining the whole length of the small intestine, but that the function is only expressed in the brush border of the distal small intestine. The transport of D-glucose into BBMV, and the transport of methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (a non-metabolizable hexose derivative) into oocytes were used throughout the study as methods of confirming the integrity of vesicles and oocytes.
THE IMPLEMENT OF WIRELESS RESPONDER SYSTEM BASED ON RADIO FREQUENCY TECHNOLOGY (2018)

It includes the Nrf24l01 wireless module, LCD1602 liquid crystal display module, reset circuit, clock circuit. In the specified time, items for agreement, disagreement and abstaining from voting can be selected by pressing the buttons of the transmitter part. The voting results is displayed in the LCD1602 liquid crystal display. This design has the advantages of simple operation, intuition and economic applicability.
Structure-odor relationships of linalool, linalyl acetate and their corresponding oxygenated derivatives (2015)

Linalool 1 is an odorant that is commonly perceived as having a pleasant odor, but is also known to elicit physiological effects such as inducing calmness and enhancing sleep. However, no comprehensive studies are at hand to show which structural features are responsible for these prominent effects. Therefore, a total of six oxygenated derivatives were synthesized from both 1 and linalyl acetate 2, and were tested for their odor qualities and relative odor thresholds (OTs) in air. Linalool was found to be the most potent odorant among the investigated compounds, with an average OT of 3.2 ng/L, while the 8-hydroxylinalool derivative was the least odorous compound with an OT of 160 ng/L; 8-carboxylinalool was found to be odorless. The odorant 8-oxolinalyl acetate, which has very similar odor properties to linalool, was the most potent odorant besides linalool, exhibiting an OT of 5.9 ng/L. By comparison, 8-carboxylinalyl acetate had a similar OT (6.1 ng/L) as its corresponding 8-oxo derivative but exhibited divergent odor properties (fatty, greasy, musty). Overall, oxygenation on carbon 8 had a substantial effect on the aroma profiles of structural derivatives of linalool and linalyl acetate.
In Vivo Silencing of A20 via TLR9-Mediated Targeted SiRNA Delivery Potentiates Antitumor Immune Response (2015)

A20 is an ubiquitin-editing enzyme that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways induced by cytokines like TNF-α and IL-1 or pathogens via Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways. It has been identified as a negative regulator of dendritic cell (DC) maturation and attenuator of their immunostimulatory properties. Ex vivo A20-depleted dendritic cells showed enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and costimulatory molecules, which resulted in hyperactivation of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and inhibition of regulatory T cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that a synthetic molecule consisting of a CpG oligonucleotide TLR9 agonist linked to A20-specific siRNAs silences its expression in TLR9+ mouse dendritic cells in vitro and in vivo. In the B16 mouse melanoma tumor model, silencing of A20 enhances the CpG-triggered induction of NFκB activity followed by elevated expression of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12. This leads to potentiated antitumor immune responses manifested by increased numbers of tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells, high levels of tumor cell apoptosis and delayed tumor growth. Our findings confirm the central role of A20 in controlling the immunostimulatory potency of DCs and provide a strategy for simultaneous A20 silencing and TLR activation in vivo.
Interferon-γ Contributes to the Normalcy of Murine Pregnancy1 (1999)

Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are transient, large, heavily granulated, maternal lymphocytes present on the mesometrial side of the pregnant mouse uterus. These cells contribute to normal implantation site development. Cytokine production, particularly interferon (IFN)-gamma, is a major function of most NK cell subsets. In this study, uNK cells were assessed for IFN-gamma production. Local concentrations of IFN-gamma were measured in the mesometrial regions of murine implantation sites between Days 6 and 16 of gestation. IFN-gamma was detected by ELISA at all days studied in a random-bred (CD1) and an inbred (BALB/c) strain of immune-competent mouse and in two immune-deficient strains, SCID (NK(+), T(-), B(-)) and tgepsilon26 (NK(-), T(-), B(+)). Concentrations of IFN-gamma per implantation site peaked at Day 10 of gestation in NK(+) strains but were low and relatively constant in NK(-) mice. To evaluate the functions of IFN-gamma at murine implantation sites, pregnancy was studied in homozygously mated IFN-gamma(-/-) and IFN-gammaRalpha(-/-) mice and their congenic controls. Primiparous but not multiparous IFN-gamma(-/-) mice experienced significant fetal loss. Primiparous IFN-gammaRalpha(-/-) carried full litters to term. Implantation site pathology was demonstrated in both strains of gene-deleted mice by light microscopy and ultrastructurally. This included elevated numbers of uNK cells that contained fewer and smaller granules and, after Day 10 of gestation, progressive necrosis and loss of decidua. The presence of a fetus able to produce IFN-gamma did not modify the phenotype of pregnant IFN-gamma(-/-) mice. This study indicates that during murine pregnancy, uNK cells are the main source of IFN-gamma on the mesometrial side of the uterus and that IFN-gamma contributes to normal health of the midgestational decidua. Furthermore, evidence is presented that IFN-gamma-producing cells exist in mesometrial regions of implantation sites that are neither NK nor T cells.
Suppression of insulitis in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by oral insulin administration is associated with selective expression of interleukin-4 and -10, transforming growth factor-beta, and prostaglandin-E. (1995)

Oral administration of autoantigens suppresses development of autoimmunity in several animal models, and is being tested in clinical trials in patients with autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at 15 to 20 weeks of age, after mononuclear cell (MNC) infiltration of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. We have previously shown that oral administration of insulin suppresses insulitis and development of diabetes in the NOD mouse. Oral insulin has no metabolic effect on blood glucose. Oral insulin mediates its effect through a T cell-dependent mechanism as shown by adoptive transfer and T cell depletion experiments, but the mechanisms responsible have not been fully explored. We now report a serial analysis of the cells and cytokines associated with development of diabetes in NOD mice, and contrast this with the findings in animals fed equine insulin or a control protein (ovalbumin). Animals were fed 1 mg twice a week for 5 weeks, beginning at 5 weeks of age. Marked insulitis in naive or ovalbumin-fed NOD mice occurred at 10 weeks, at which time a dense peri-islet and intra-islet MNC infiltration was observed. Immunohistological studies using monoclonal antibodies showed that infiltrating MNC consisted mainly of CD4+ T cells ( > 75% of leukocytes) plus smaller numbers of macrophages and CD8+ T cells. These cells displayed evidence of immune activation with expression of receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2R) plus Th1 cytokines; dense labeling for IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, plus lesser amounts of IL-2, was observed. MNC lacked labeling for IL-4, IL-10, prostaglandin-E, or transforming growth factor-beta. By contrast, at 10 weeks, pancreatic tissues from NOD mice fed insulin showed considerably less insulitis, and the residual MNC, although still largely CD4+ T cells plus macrophages, showed dense labeling for IL-4, IL-10, prostaglandin-E, and transforming growth factor-beta and an absence of IL-2, IFN-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha Taken together with our previous findings, these data indicate that oral administration of insulin affects the development of diabetes in NOD mice through the generation of cells that elaborate immunoregulatory cytokines within the target organ and shift the balance from a Th1 to a Th2 pattern of cytokine expression.
Capacitive Coulter counting: detection of metal wear particles in lubricant using a microfluidic device (2009)

A microfluidic device based on the capacitance Coulter counting principle to detect metal debris particles in lubricant oil is presented. The device scans each individual metal debris particle as they pass through a microfluidic channel by monitoring the capacitance change. We first proved the feasibility of using the capacitance Coulter counting principle for detecting metal particles in a fluidic channel. Next, we tested the microfluidic device with aluminum abrasive particles ranging from 10 to 25 µm; the testing results show the microfluidic device is capable of detecting metal wear particles in low-conductive lubricant oil. The design concept demonstrated here can be extended to a device with multiple microchannels for rapid detection of metal wear particles in a large volume of lubricant oil.
Predicting Tumor Location by Modeling the Deformation of the Breast (2008)

Breast cancer is one of the biggest killers in the western world, and early diagnosis is essential for improved prognosis. The shape of the breast varies hugely between the scenarios of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (patient lies prone, breast hanging down under gravity), X-ray mammography (breast strongly compressed) and ultrasound or biopsy/surgery (patient lies supine), rendering image fusion an extremely difficult task. This paper is concerned with the use of the finite-element method and nonlinear elasticity to build a 3-D, patient-specific, anatomically accurate model of the breast. The model is constructed from MR images and can be deformed to simulate breast shape and predict tumor location during mammography or biopsy/surgery. Two extensions of the standard elasticity problem need to be solved: an inverse elasticity problem (arising from the fact that only a deformed, stressed, state is known initially), and the contact problem of modeling compression. The model is used for craniocaudal mediolateral oblique mammographic image matching, and a number of numerical experiments are performed.
Erratum: “Control of silicidation in HfO2/Si(100) interfaces” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 041913 (2005)] (2007)

. Relation between HfSi formation and the weight change of silicon valence states. The reduction of Si 3+ , Si 4+ concentration normalized with Si 0 intensity is intimately connected with the silicide concentration normalized by the intensity of HfO 2 . The dotted line is a guide for the eye.
A Stream Database Server for Sensor Applications (2002)

Abstract 1 We present a framework for stream data processing that incorporates a stream database server as a fundamental component. The server operates as the stream control interface between arrays of distributed data stream sources and end-user clients that access and analyze the streams. The underlying framework provides novel stream management and query processing mechanisms to support the online acquisition, management, storage, non-blocking query, and integration of data streams for distributed multi-sensor networks. In this paper, we define our stream model and stream representation for the stream database, and we describe the functionality and implementation of key components of the stream processing framework, including the query processing interface for source streams, the stream manager, the stream buffer manager, nonblocking query execution, and a new class of join algorithms for joining multiple data streams constrained by a sliding time window. We conduct experiments using real and synthetic data streams to evaluate the performance of the new algorithms against traditional stream join algorithms. The experiments show significant performance improvements and also demonstrate the flexibility of our system in handling data streams. A multi-sensor network application for the intelligent detection of hazardous materials is presented to illustrate the capabilities of our framework.
Effect of Intervertebral Disc Height on Postoperative Motion and Outcomes After ProDisc-L Lumbar Disc Replacement (2008)

Patients with greater disc collapse benefit more in ROM from a total disc replacement. The optimal range to maximize ROM for postoperative anterior disc height is 16 mm to 18 mm. This optimal range did not translate into better clinical outcome at 2 years follow-up.
X-ray powder diffraction data for strontium aluminate, SrAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (1979)

X-ray powder diffraction data for SrAl2O4 have been obtained from the pure synthetized compound. The crystals of SrAl2O4 are monoclinic, with unit-cell parameters: a = 5.1497 (8), b = 8.836 (2), c = 8.442 (1) Å, β = 93.43 (1)°; space group P21 or P21/m.
Identification of Chemicals Inducing Cardiomyocyte Proliferation in Developmental Stage–Specific Manner With Pluripotent Stem Cells (2013)

Our approach successfully uncovered novel molecular targets and mechanisms controlling cardiomyocyte proliferation in distinct developmental stages and offered pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes as a potent tool to explore chemical-based cardiac regenerative strategies.
Modified liquid junction interface for nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (2000)

Electrospray ionization (ESI) is the most widely used ionization method in on-line coupling of capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The conventional coaxial sheath flow electrospray interface is currently being replaced by the more sensitive nanoelectrospray technique. The usual limitation of nanoelectrospray CE-MS interface has been its short lifetime caused by deterioration of the metal coating on the CE capillary terminus. This article describes an easy way to construct a more durable and sensitive nanospray interface for nonaqueous CE-MS. In this approach a very thin glass spray capillary (ca. 30 microm outer diameter) is partly inserted inside the CE capillary, the junction being surrounded by the electrolyte medium, which is in contact with the platinum electrode. The interface was tested with five pharmaceuticals: methadone, pentazocine, levorphanol, dihydrocodeine, and morphine. Detection limits ranged from 12 to 540 fmol. Separation efficiency and reproducibility were also studied. The CE current was found to be stable and the migration times were highly reproducible. All the CE separations were carried out in a nonaqueous background electrolyte solution.
Temperature dependence for the photovoltaic device parameters of polymer-fullerene solar cells under operating conditions (2001)

We report on the temperature dependence of various photovoltaic device parameters of solar cells, fabricated from interpenetrating networks of conjugated polymers with fullerenes, in the wide temperature range of their possible operating conditions (25–60 °C). The open-circuit voltage was found to decrease linearly with increasing temperature. For the short-circuit current, we observed a monotonic increase with increasing temperature, followed by a saturation region. The rate of this increase (coupled to a corresponding increase for the fill factor) was found to overtake the corresponding rate of decrease in voltage, resulting in an overall increase of the energy conversion efficiency. The efficiency was observed to reach a maximum value in the approximate range 47–60 °C. The results are discussed with respect to possible mechanisms for photovoltage generation and charge carrier transport in the conjugated polymer-fullerene composite, and in particular, thermally activated charge carrier mobility.