gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization and Comparison of Manual and Semi-Automated Material Handling in a Cross-Dock Using Discrete-Event Simulation (2018)

A Cross-Dock (CD) is a synchronized unit of a supply chain network, used to sort the goods received from inbound trucks (from a warehouse or factory), and load those products to outbound trucks (for delivery of the goods to retail stores in the supply chain\nnetwork). Most cross-docks use forklifts, and other manual material handling equipment (MHE) to process the goods on pallets received from inbound trucks. Those pallets are sorted and loaded onto outbound trucks. With the advancements in robotics, it could be bene cial to employ semi-automated material handling techniques in a CD, rather than solely relying on manual material handling. In this thesis, the scope of self-driving vehicles (SDVs) in one such semi-automated cross-dock facility is studied. We compare the cases of purely manual and semi-automated material handling in a cross-dock.\n\nUsing simulation, we modelled two cross-dock facilities, one with forklifts only and with a mixture of forklifts and SDVs. Simulation was thus employed to mimic the CD's material handling process, to compare the two MHE con gurations. Then the built cross-dock simulation models were optimized using the response surface methodology and mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP), to achieve the optimal MHE con guration for those facilities operating with the desired levels of performance metrics.\n\nThereby the manual and semi-automated cross-dock with similar performance (and optimal MHE con gurations) are compared and the scope of SDVs in a cross-dock is evaluated. Conclusions are given, and opportunities for further research are presented.
Design and Synthesis of Poly ADP-ribose Polymerase-1 Inhibitors. 2. Biological Evaluation of Aza-5[<i>H</i>]-phenanthridin-6-ones as Potent, Aqueous-Soluble Compounds for the Treatment of Ischemic Injuries (2003)

A series of aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1). Inhibitory potency of the unsubstituted aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones (i.e., benzonaphthyridones) was dependent on the position of the nitrogen atom within the core structure. The A ring nitrogen analogues (7-, 8-, and 10-aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones) were an order of magnitude less potent than C ring nitrogen analogues (1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones). Preliminary stroke results from 1- and 2-aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-one prompted structure−activity relationships to be established for several 2- and 3-substituted 1-aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones. The 2-substituted 1-aza-5[H]-phenanthridin-6-ones were designed to improve the solubility and pharmacokinetic profiles for this series of PARP-1 inhibitors. Most importantly, three compounds from this series demonstrated statistically significant protective effects in rat models of stroke and heart ischemia.
Real-time Projection MR Angiography: Feasibility Study (2000)

Intraarterial injections of small doses of gadopentetate dimeglumine were combined with a fast spoiled-gradient-echo magnetic resonance (MR) sequence to obtain real-time projection angiographic images of the rabbit aorta and canine coronary arteries. Arterial filling and washout, as well as venous and perfusion phases, were clearly displayed, demonstrating that arterial fluoroscopy in which an MR technique is used is feasible.
High resolution resistive thermometry for micro/nanoscale measurements (2012)

High resolution thermometry plays an important role in several micro/nanoscale studies. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the resolution of resistance thermometry schemes that employ an electrical sensing current to monitor the temperature-dependent resistance. Specifically, we theoretically and experimentally analyze four different schemes where modulated or unmodulated temperatures in microdevices are measured using modulated or unmodulated sensing currents. Our analysis and experiments suggest that measurement of unmodulated temperatures using a modulated sensing current improves the resolution in comparison to a scenario where an unmodulated sensing current is used. However, depending on the exact measurement conditions, such improvements might be modest as the overall resolution may be limited by random low frequency environmental temperature fluctuations. More importantly, we find that high-resolution thermometry can be achieved in the measurement of modulated temperatures. Specifically, we show that by using appropriate instrumentation and a 10 kΩ platinum resistance thermometer it is possible to measure modulated temperatures (0.5-20 Hz) with a resolution of about 20-100 μK. The advances described here will enable a dramatic improvement in the heat-current resolution of resistive thermometry based microdevices that are used for probing nanoscale phonon and photon transport.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Isomerization of Primary Allylic Alcohols (2009)

Nothing to sm(Ir)k at: Under appropriate reaction conditions, iridium hydride catalysts promote the isomerization of primary allylic alcohols. The best catalysts, like (R)-1 (P green, O red, N blue, Ir yellow), deliver the desired chiral aldehydes with excellent enantioselectivity and good yields. Mechanistic hypotheses have been developed on the basis of preliminary investigations.
Well logging II : electric and acoustic logging (1986)

This book covers electric logging, log interpretation and electromagnetic principles. The book also discuss principles of acoustic logging and details of acoustic log interpretation, including effects of amplitude attenuation devices and investigation of interval transit times.
Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on the expression of oncogenes and caspase3 after partial thickness scald injury in rat (2002)

Objective:To study the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF) on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),p53,cmyc and caspase3 on partial thickness scald injury,and their effects on proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblasts during wound healing.Methods:Seventyfour male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups as follows:①normal control( n =2);②injuried control group( n =36),and they were further divided into postburn 3 hours,6 hours,1 day,3 days,7 days and 14 days groups;③bFGF group ( n =36):the time course of tissue collection was the same as injuried control group.The immunohistochemistry staining technique was used to detect the expression of PCNA,p53,cmyc and caspase3. Results:The expression proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblasts showed a relationship with the changes in p53 and cmyc.Exogenous bFGF showed effects on proliferation of fibroblasts.Conclusions:Proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblasts are important process during tissue repairing.
A Distributed Algorithm for Determining the Provenance of Data (2008)

As computational techniques for tracking provenance have become more widely used, applications are beginning to produce large quantities of provenance information. Furthermore, many of these applications are composed from distributed components (e.g. scientific workflows) that may, for reasons of scalability, security or policy, need to store this information across multiple sites. In this paper, we describe an algorithm, D-PQuery, for determining the provenance of data from distributed sources of provenance information in a parallel fashion. To enable scientist to use D-PQuery on already existing Grid infrastructure, we present an implementation of the algorithm as a Condor DAGMan workflow that works across Kickstart records, which are produced in several production e-Science applications including the example application used in this paper, the astronomy application, Montage. Initial performance benchmarks are also presented.
Real-time PCR quantification of human complement C4A and C4B genes (2006)

This report describes a novel real-time PCR method for single-step quantification of C4A and C4B genes. The developed technique could facilitate studies investigating disease association of different C4 isotypes.
초등학생들의 성취목표 , 학습전략 , 성패에 대한 귀인의 관계 (1995)

본 연구는 성취목표(과정지향적 목표와 결과지향적 목표)가 초등학생들의 학습전략의 사용과 성공과 실패에 대한 귀인과 어떠한 관계에 있는지를 조사하는데 그 목적이 있다. 세 초등학교로부터 449명(남:220, 여:229)의 5학년과 6학년 학생들이 연구대상으로 표집선출되었다. 조사결과, 과정지향적 학생들은 과제수행시 효과적인 학습전략을 사용하고, 성공이나 실패를 노력귀인의 탓으로 여기는 경향이 강했다. 하지만 예상과는 달리 결과지향적 학생들도 학습전략의 사용과 성공과 실패에 대한 귀인의 반응이 과정지향적 학생들과 같았다. 연구결과는 선행연구들과 한국의 문화적 특성에 근거하여 논의되었다.
Stress‐dependent elastic anisotropy of sandstones (2002)

Elastic wave velocities in sandstones vary with stress due to the presence of discontinuities such as grain boundaries and microcracks within the rock. In the presence of non‐hydrostatic stress fields the elastic wave velocities in sandstones often show significant stress‐induced anisotropy. The elastic anisotropy due to any discontinuities within the rock can be written in terms of a second‐rank and a fourth‐rank tensor which quantify the effect on the elastic wave velocities of the orientation distribution and normal and shear compliances of the discontinuities. This allows elastic wave velocity measurements to be inverted to obtain the components of these tensors. Application of the method to ultrasonic velocity measurements made in a triaxial loading frame shows that a simple theory using only the second‐rank tensor allows the P‐wave stress‐induced anisotropy to be predicted to reasonable accuracy from the S‐wave anisotropy and vice versa, thus confirming the correctness of the underlying model. Deviations between the measurements and the predictions of this simplified theory are used to determine the ratio of the normal to shear compliance of the discontinuities. The discontinuities are found to be more compliant in shear than in compression.
Local spatio-temporal image features for motion interpretation (2004)

Visual motion carries information about the dynamics of ascene. Automatic interpretation of this information isimportant when designing computer systems forvisualnavigation, surveillance, human-computer interaction, browsingof video databases and other growing applications. In this thesis, we address the issue of motionrepresentation for the purpose of detecting and recognizingmotion patterns in video sequences. We localize the motion inspace and time and propose to use local spatio-temporal imagefeatures as primitives when representing and recognizingmotions. To detect such features, we propose to maximize ameasure of local variation of the image function over space andtime and show that such a method detects meaningful events inimage sequences. Due to its local nature, the proposed methodavoids the in.uence of global variations in the scene andovercomes the need for spatial segmentation and tracking priorto motion recognition. These properties are shown to be highlyuseful when recognizing human actions in complexscen es. Variations in scale and in relative motions of the cameramay strongly in.uence the structure of image sequences andtherefore the performance of recognition schemes. To addressthis problem, we develop a theory of local spatio-temporaladaptation and show that this approach provides invariance whenanalyzing image sequences under scaling and velocitytransformations. To obtain discriminative representations ofmotion patterns, we also develop several types of motiondescriptors and use them for classifying and matching localfeatures in image sequences. An extensive evaluation of thisapproach is performed and results in the context of the problemof human action recognition are presented. I n summary, this thesis provides the following contributions:(i) it introduces the notion of local features in space-timeand demonstrates the successful application of such featuresfor motion interpretation; (ii) it presents a theory and anevaluation of methods for local adaptation with respect toscale and velocity transformations in image sequences and (iii)it presents and evaluates a set of local motion descriptors,which in combination with methods for feature detection andfeature adaptation allow for robust recognition of humanactions in complexs cenes with cluttered and non-stationarybackgrounds as well as camera motion.
Attrition in a liquid fluidized bed bioreactor (1988)

Attrition of porous alumina spheres in a liquid fluidized bed was measured at three different liquid velocities. Attrition rate varied with superficial fluid velocity in a manner different from that reported for gas fluidized beds. An attempt was made to correlate the attrition rate with the number of particle collisions in the bed. The latter was estimated by a model based on an analogy with the kinetic theory of gases. The model failed to predict the measured increase of attrition rate with superficial liquid velocity. Reasons for the failure of the model are discussed. © 1988, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Syntheses, Structures, and Properties of Two-Dimensional Alkaline Earth Metal Complexes with Flexible Tripodal Tricarboxylate Ligands (2004)

Two new coordination polymers [Ca3(bta)2(H2O)8]·3H2O (1) and Ba3(bta)2(H2O)8 (2) were obtained by self-assembly of the corresponding metal carbonate with a flexible tripodal ligand, benzene-1,3,5-triacetic acid (H3bta), and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The results revealed that complex 1 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1̄ with a = 8.3045(10) Å, b = 10.4883(10) Å, c = 11.0184(16) Å, α = 102.703(3)°, β = 100.001(4)°, γ = 108.842(7)°, V = 854.36(18) Å3, and Z = 1; compound 2 is in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 23.4363(8) Å, b = 6.9782(3) Å, c = 21.7150(8) Å, β = 111.4480(10)°, V = 3305.4(2) Å3, and Z = 4. Complexes 1 and 2 have two-dimensional network structures, and each bta3- ligand coordinates to Ca(II) or Ba(II) atoms using two of three carboxylate groups adopting different coordination modes: μ3-η2:η2-bridging and μ2-η2:η1-bridging coordination modes in 1 or μ3-η2:η2-bridging and μ3-η2:η1-bridging coordination modes in 2. The noncoordinated carboxylic group forms hydrogen bonds with an adjacent network to generate a three-dimensional structure. The luminescence properties of 1 and 2 were investigated and found that the complexes showed photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature.
Effects of equilibrium exchange on diffusion‐weighted NMR signals: The diffusigraphic “shutter‐speed” (2003)

A general picture is presented of the implications for diffusion-weighted NMR signals of the parsimonious two-site-exchange (2SX) paradigm. In particular, it is shown that the diffusigraphic "shutter-speed," tau(-1) identical with |q(2)(D(A) - D(B))|, is a useful concept. The "wave-number" q has its standard definition (given in the text), and D(A) and D(B) are the apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of molecules in the two "sites," A and B, if there is no exchange between them. At low gradient strengths (center of q-space), tau(-1) is less than rate constants for intercompartmental water molecule exchange in most tissue cases. Thus, the exchange reaction appears fast. However, q is increased during the course of most experiments and, as it is, the shutter-speed becomes "faster" and the exchange reaction, the kinetics of which do not change, appears to slow down. This causes a multiexponential behavior in the diffusion-weighting dimension, b, which also has its standard definition. This picture is found to be in substantial agreement with a number of different experimental observations. It is applied here to literature (1)H(2)O data from a yeast cell suspension and from the human and the rat brain. Since the equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange reaction appears to be in the fast-exchange-limit at small b, the initial slope represents the weighted-average of the ADCs of intra- and extracellular water. Of course, in tissue the former is in the significant majority. Furthermore, a consideration of reasonable values for the other 2SX parameters suggests that, for resting brain tissue, the intracellular water ADC may be larger than the extracellular water ADC. There are some independent inferences of this, which would have ramifications for many applications of diffusion-weighted MRI.
Plagiarism a la Mode: A Comparison of Automated Systems for Detecting Suspected Plagiarism (1996)

Early automated systems for detecting plagiarism in student programs employed attribute counting techniques in their comparisons of program texts, while more recent systems use encoded structural information. Whales claims that the latter are more effective in their detection of plagiarisms than systems based on attribute counting. To explore the validity of these claims, a comparison is presented of five systems, two based on attribute counting and three using metrics based on structure. The major result of this study is that the systems based on structural information consistently equal or better the performance of systems based on attribute counting metrics. A second conclusion is that of the structure metric systems, one using approximate tokenization of input texts (YAP) is as effective as a system that undertakes a complete parse (Plague). Approximate tokenization offers a considerable reduction in the costs of porting to new languages. A distinction is also made between forms of plagiarism common among novice programmers and those employed by more experienced programmers.
Retroviral Delivery of Homeobox D3 Gene Induces Cerebral Angiogenesis in Mice (2004)

Angiogenesis is regulated by concerted actions of angiogenic and angiostatic factors. Homeobox D3 gene (HOXD3) is a potent proangiogenic transcription factor that promotes angiogenesis by modulating the expression of matrix-degrading proteinases, integrins, and extracellular matrix components. Application of HOXD3 can promote angiogenesis in the skin, but its role in other vascular beds has not been examined. The authors examined HOXD3 expression in human brain vessels by in situ hybridization. Although little or no HOXD3 mRNA was detected in normal brain vessels, increased levels of HOXD3 and its target gene, alpha V beta 3, were found in angiogenic vessels in human brain arteriovenous malformations. The authors further investigated whether HOXD3 plays a role in cerebral angiogenesis in a murine model. Expression of HOXD3 in mouse brain was achieved through retroviral vector-mediated HOXD3 gene transfer. HOXD3 expression lead to a significant induction of cerebral angiogenesis as shown by quantitative microvessel counting (HOXD3: 241 +/- 19 vessels/mm2 vs. saline: 150 +/- 14 vessels/mm2, P < 0.05). The data also showed that focal cerebral blood flow was increased in the angiogenic region with less vascular leakage. Moreover, expression of HOXD3 led to an increase in the expression of a direct downstream target gene alpha V beta 3 integrin. The data suggest that HOXD3 may play an important role in regulating cerebral angiogenesis, and that gene transfer of HOXD3 may provide a novel and potent means to stimulate angiogenesis.
Expression of the nifBfdxNnifOQ region of Azotobacter vinelandii and its role in nitrogenase activity (1993)

The nifBQ transcriptional unit of Azotobacter vinelandii has been previously shown to be required for activity of the three nitrogenase systems, Mo nitrogenase, V nitrogenase, and Fe nitrogenase, present in this organism. We studied regulation of expression and the role of the nifBQ region by means of translational beta-galactosidase fusions to each of the five open reading frames: nifB, orf2 (fdxN), orf3 (nifO), nifQ, and orf5. Expression of the first three open reading frames was observed under all three diazotrophic conditions; expression of orf5 was never observed. Genes nifB and fdxN were expressed at similar levels. With Mo, expression of nifO and nifQ was approximately 20- and approximately 400-fold lower than that of fdxN, respectively. Without Mo, expression of nifB dropped three- to fourfold and that of nifQ dropped to the detection limit. However, expression of nifO increased threefold. The products of nifB, fdxN, nifO, and nifQ have been visualized in A. vinelandii as beta-galactosidase fusion proteins with the expected molecular masses. The NifB- fusion lacked activity for any of the three nitrogenase systems and showed an iron-molybdenum cofactor-deficient phenotype in the presence of Mo. The FdxN- mutation resulted in reduced nitrogenase activities, especially when V was present. Dinitrogenase activity in extracts was similarly affected, suggesting a role of FdxN in iron-molybdenum cofactor synthesis. The NifO(-)-producing mutation did not affect any of the nitrogenases under standard diazotrophic conditions. The NifQ(-)-producing mutation resulted in an increased (approximately 1,000-fold) Mo requirement for Mo nitrogenase activity, a phenotype already observed with Klebsiella pneumoniae. No effect of the NifQ(-)-producing mutation on V or Fe nitrogenase was found; this is consistent with its very low expression under those conditions. Mutations in orf5 had no effect on nitrogenase activity.
Cerebral vascular changes during chronic hypertension (1992)

The evidence suggests that the current view is not correct in relation to the cerebral circulation. Vascular hypertrophy and remodeling appear to protect cerebral vessels during hypertension, instead of being harmful. Major cerebral vascular complications during hypertension may be largely due to endothelial dysfunction. One function of the cerebral endothelium is to serve as the blood-brain barrier. Disruption of the blood-brain barrier appears to mediate hypertensive encephalopathy. A second endothelial function is to modulate vascular tone. Abnormalities in vasoactive factors that are released by the endothelium (impaired vasodilator mechanisms and augmented vasoconstrictor mechanisms) may make an important contribution to the pathophysiology of transient ischemic episodes, and perhaps stroke, in chronic hypertension.
Influence of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist and positive end-expiratory pressure on breathing pattern in rabbits with acute lung injury* (2006)

Acute lung injury can cause a vagally mediated atypical diaphragm activation pattern in spontaneously breathing rabbits. Modulation of PEEP facilitates development of phasic diaphragm electrical activity, whereupon implementation of NAVA can efficiently maintain unloading of the respiratory muscles without delivering excessive tidal volume in rabbits with intact vagal function.
Identification of the hyaluronic acid pathway as a therapeutic target for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (2019)

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is linked to epigenetic derepression of the germline/embryonic transcription factor DUX4 in skeletal muscle. However, the etiology of muscle pathology is not fully understood, as DUX4 misexpression is not tightly correlated with disease severity. Using a DUX4-inducible cell model, we show that multiple DUX4-induced molecular pathologies that have been observed in patient-derived disease models are mediated by the signaling molecule hyaluronic acid (HA), which accumulates following DUX4 induction. These pathologies include formation of RNA granules, FUS aggregation, DNA damage, caspase activation, and cell death. We also observe previously unidentified pathologies including mislocalization of mitochondria and the DUX4- and HA-binding protein C1QBP. These pathologies are prevented by 4-methylumbelliferone, an inhibitor of HA biosynthesis. Critically, 4-methylumbelliferone does not disrupt DUX4-C1QBP binding and has only a limited effect on DUX4 transcriptional activity, establishing that HA signaling has a central function in pathology and is a target for FSHD therapeutics.