gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vestibular Damage from Chlorhexidine in Guinea Pigs (1981)

In the early 1970s the suspicion arose that chlorhexidine, a disinfectant extensively used for preoperative skin disinfection, was ototoxic if introduced into the middle ear cavity. It has previously been shown by the author that chlorhexidine causes damage to the organ of Corti of guinea pigs when introduced into the tympanic cavity. In the present study the toxic effect of chlorhexidine on the vestibular part of the inner ear is investigated. Middle ears of guinea pigs were exposed to chlorhexidine in two different concentrations in two different solvents. The duration of exposure was varied and the animals were sacrificed and examined at various periods. Damaged neuroepithelia were seen in most of the animals. The extent of damage was related to the concentration of chlorhexidine, to the duration of exposure and to the time lapse after exposure.
Acid-catalyzed ketone rearrangements. Synthesis of decalins and spiro[4,5]decanes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAcid-catalyzed ketone rearrangements. Synthesis of decalins and spiro[4,5]decanesPeter Bakuzis, G. C. Magalhaes, H. Martins, and M. L. F. BakuzisCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39, 16, 2427–2429Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00930a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00930a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views131Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Video watermarking scheme resistant to MPEG compression (2009)

In this article an extension of the watermarking scheme, based on key sequence, proposed by Lin et al. is presented. This new scheme is designed taking into account the temporal modifications of the MPEG-2, MPEG-4 part 2 and MPEG4 Part 10 compressions. Besides the redundancy control of Lin is modified and the characteristics extraction process is improved. In this way, a better performance, up to 40% in the BCR (bit correct ratio) measure is gained. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves a better performance against MPEG video compressions than Lin's scheme.
BK Virus-Associated Nephropathy in Renal Allograft Recipients: Rescue Therapy by Sirolimus-Based Immunosuppression (2004)

Further studies are needed, but at present these preliminary results offer a new direction for therapeutic intervention in recipients of renal allografts with BKN.
Multiplexed Flow Cytometry: High-Throughput Screening of Single-Chain Antibodies (2008)

The development of high-throughput screening (HTS) technologies has become essential for initial characterization of recombinant antibodies and alternative affinity reagents, selected from large combinatorial libraries. Such binding ligands are routinely selected against a single antigen and screened for desired binding specificities. Recent progress with genome sequencing projects has led to widespread efforts to study corresponding proteomes; requiring selection of ligands against large numbers of gene products in a highly parallel manner. The capabilities of many routine HTS methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or array-based methods, are limited to analysis of numerous different antibody clones against a single target or, individual antibody clones against many different targets. We have developed a multiplexed flow cytometry screening method that allows analysis of individual binding ligands against numerous targets in the same analytical sample. The method produces a complex analytical profile for each antibody clone in the primary screen, by allowing simultaneous determination of relative expression levels, identification of non-specific binding, and discrimination of fine specificities. The quality and quantity of data, combined with significant reductions in analysis time and antigen consumption, provide notable advantages over other standard screening methods, such as ELISA. By combining HT screening capabilities with multiplex technology, we have redefined the parameters for the initial identification of affinity reagents recovered from combinatorial libraries and removed a significant bottleneck in the generation of affinity reagents on a proteomic scale.
Assessment of autonomic regulation to heart rate variability by the method of complex demodulation (2003)

Complex demodulation of heart-rate variability was used to analyze changes in the autonomic regulation of dog heart rate during differential classical conditioning before and after autonomic blockade. This method tracked the rapid withdrawal of parasympathetic tone following the onset of the warning signal and detected a later rise in low-frequency power that was tentatively identified as a sympathetic increase. Results during drug blockade supported the analysis in intact conditions. It is concluded that complex demodulation of heart-rate variability provides a powerful tool for noninvasive assessment of autonomic changes in response to environmental or physiological challenges.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A 1.3-μm wavelength laser with an integrated output power monitor using a directional coupler optical power tap (1996)

A 1.3-/spl mu/m Fabry-Perot laser with a directional coupler power tap inside the laser cavity, used for diverting optical power to an integrated waveguide monitoring photodetector is demonstrated. The monitoring detector provides photocurrent which is linear with the front facet output power, with responsivity as high as 0.37 mA/mW, depending on the length of the directional coupler coupling region.
Simulating Pulsatile Flows Through a Pipe Orifice by an Immersed-Boundary Method (2004)

A pulsatile laminar flow of a viscous, incompressible fluid through a pipe with a sudden constriction (an orifice) was simulated by an immersed-boundary method. A fluid is forced to move by an imposed sinusoidally varying pressure difference, Δpt. For a pulsatile flow through a pipe orifice, an oscillating recirculation bubble develops behind the orifice. The induced flow rate, Qt, the recirculation bubble length, Lbt, as well as their phase shift ϕQ,ϕL with respect to the imposed pressure difference were computed for different constriction ratios and the Womersley Ws number.
Context aware, multimodal, and semantic rendering engine (2009)

Nowadays, several techniques exist to render digital content such as graphics, audio, haptic, etc. Unfortunately, they require different faculties that cannot always be applied, e.g. providing a picture to a blind person would be useless.
Acetylation of prostaglandin synthetase by aspirin. Purification and properties of the acetylated protein from sheep vesicular gland (1977)

We previously presented evidence that aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) inhibits prostaglandin synthetase by acetylating and active site of the enzyme. In the current work, we have labeled the enzyme from an aceton-pentane powder of sheep vesicular gland using [acetyl-3H]aspirin and purified the [3H]acetyl-protein to near homogeneity. The final preparation contains protein of a single molecular weight (85 000) and an amino-terminal sequence of Asp-Ala-Gly-Arg-Ala. The [3H]acetyl-protein contained 0.5 mol of acetyl residues per mol of protein based on amino acid composition but only a single sequence was found.
Reorientational dynamics and mobility of DNA during pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresis (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReorientational dynamics and mobility of DNA during pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresisBjoern. Aakerman and Mats. JonssonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1990, 94, 9, 3828–3838Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100372a088https://doi.org/10.1021/j100372a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views96Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of cysteine adduct formation in rat hemoglobin by 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone and related compounds. (1990)

The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) forms hemoglobin adducts in rats. Upon mild base treatment, 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB) is released from this globin. HPB has been suggested as a dosimeter for exposure to and metabolic activation of tobacco-specific nitrosamines. The purpose of this study was 2-fold: (a) to determine whether cysteine adducts of NNK were precursors to HPB, and (b) to determine to what extent cysteine adducts accounted for the material bound to globin that is not released upon mild base hydrolysis. The chemistry of cysteine adduct formation was investigated by reacting N-acetyl-L-cysteine with three model compounds for pyridyloxobutylation by metabolically activated NNK: 4-(carbethoxynitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (1); 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butylmethanesulfonate (2); and 4-iodo-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (3). Five adducts were isolated and characterized by their spectral properties and by independent syntheses: two diastereomers of N-acetyl-S-[1-methyl-3-oxo-3-(3-pyridyl)propyl]-L-cysteine (7a,b), N-acetyl-S-[4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butyl]-L-cysteine (9), and two diastereomers of N-acetyl-S-(2-[2-(3-pyridyl)]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrofuranyl)-L-cystein e (11a,b). Only 11a,b produced HPB upon mild base treatment; however, the chemistry of this adduct did not support its role as a major precursor to HPB released upon base treatment of globin. The formation of adducts in rat hemoglobin was then examined by reacting it with tritium-labeled 1 [( 5-3H]1) or tritium-labeled 4-oxo-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butyl p-toluenesulfonate [( 5-3H]4). The results demonstrated that the amino acids corresponding to 7a,b were present in hemoglobin reacted with [5-3H]1, accounting for 72% of the bound tritium. Amino acids corresponding to 9 were not detected in this globin. In contrast, hemoglobin reacted with [5-3H]4 contained the amino acid corresponding to 9 (15% of bound tritium), but not those corresponding to 7a,b. These results indicated that the alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone, 1-(3-pyridyl)-2-buten-1-one (5), played a major role in the hemoglobin binding of 1, but not of 4. Cysteine adducts were not detected in globin isolated from rats treated with [5-3H]NNK. The results of this study provide insights into the mechanisms of cysteine adduct formation in vitro by pryidyloxobutylating agents and indicate that these adducts are not formed in NNK-treated rats.
Flying height measurement while seeking in hard disk drives (1998)

A new technique has been developed to measure flying height changes during a high velocity seek in a fully operational hard disk drive. During a seek, a change in the flying height of the read-write head results from the change in direction and speed of air flow under the air bearing surface (ABS). The application of the Wallace spacing loss formula to peak amplitudes of the magnetic recording signal acquired as the head crosses tracks during the seek forms the basis of the method. The method also requires a means to precisely measure the location along the track at which each track crossing occurs. This additional information is used to remove the variation in the amplitude of the magnetic readback signal which is due to surface roughness and magnetic inhomogeneity of the disk surface and the fact that each seek operation crosses the track in a different circumferential location. Plotting the peak amplitude versus the track crossing location for several thousand seeks provides a profile of the roughness variations of the disk surface over a short length of track. Except for a fixed amplitude offset, the track profile acquired when crossing a particular track from the inner diameter (ID) to the outer diameter (OD) of the disk was the same as that acquired during OD to ID direction. This amplitude offset allows calculation of the difference in fly-height between the three cases of ID/spl rarr/OD seek, OD/spl rarr/ID seek, and track following. This measurement technique can reliably resolve dynamic fly-height changes of 0.05 /spl mu/in. Comparison of the measured data to numerical air bearing simulations will be presented.
A Surface Analysis-Based Investigation of the Effect of Wall Materials on Flame Quenching (2011)

An investigation of a premixed methane-air flame was conducted with a slit burner between two parallel walls to examine the effects of wall material and temperature on flame quenching. Three different materials (i.e., zirconia ceramics, stainless steel 304, and Si) were tested at wall temperatures of 100–700°C. The quenching distances for the three wall materials at the same temperature decrease in the order stainless steel 304 > Si > zirconia ceramics. For all materials, the quenching distance shortens with increasing wall temperature. To clarify the differences among the materials, the surface structure and composition of the raw and used walls were characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the percentages of chemisorbed oxygen on the surfaces decrease in the order zirconia ceramics > Si > stainless steel 304—a behavior that can be correlated with the order of quenching distances of the three wall materials, which moves from small to large. In short, the higher the percentage of chemisorbed oxygen, the shorter the quenching distances.
<i>w</i>CLUTO: A Web-Enabled Clustering Toolkit (2003)

As structural and functional genomics efforts provide the biological community with ever-broadening sets of interrelated data, the need to explore such complex information for subtle relationships expands. We present wCLUTO, a Web-enabled version of the stand-alone application CLUTO, designed to apply clustering methods to genomic information. Its first application is focused on the clustering transcriptome data from microarrays. Data can be uploaded by the user into the clustering tool, a choice of several clustering methods can be made and configured, and data are presented to the user in a variety of visual formats, including a three-dimensional "mountain" view of the clusters. Parameters can be explored to rapidly examine a variety of clustering results, and the resulting clusters can be downloaded either for manipulation by other programs or to be saved in a format for publication.
Degradation of ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycols by methanogenic consortia (1983)

Methanogenic enrichments capable of degrading polyethylene glycol and ethylene glycol were obtained from sewage sludge. Ethanol, acetate, methane, and (in the case of polyethylene glycols) ethylene glycol were detected as products. The sequence of product formation suggested that the ethylene oxide unit [HO-(CH2-CH2-O-)xH] was dismutated to acetate and ethanol; ethanol was subsequently oxidized to acetate by a syntrophic association that produced methane. The rates of degradation for ethylene, diethylene, and polyethylene glycol with molecular weights of 400, 1,000, and 20,000, respectively, were inversely related to the number of ethylene oxide monomers per molecule and ranged from 0.84 to 0.13 mM ethylene oxide units degraded per h. The enrichments were shown to best metabolize glycols close to the molecular weight of the substrate on which they were enriched. The anaerobic degradation of polyethylene glycol (molecular weight, 20,000) may be important in the light of the general resistance of polyethylene glycols to aerobic degradation.
The impact of culture on student attributions for performance: A comparative study of three groups of EFL/ESL learners (2011)

This paper describes a cross-cultural comparative study concerned with learners' attributions for success and failure in learning English as a foreign/second language. The study investigated perceived reasons for doing well or poorly on actual language learning tasks under a variety of teaching conditions, looking at how learners judge their successes and failures, and their range of attributions. Using a set of questionnaires, 355 Thai first-year university students, 350 Japanese first-year university students and 298 Malaysian first-year university students were asked to what they attributed their success or failure in chosen tasks. The results of the questionnaire uncovered striking similarities across the three groups, indicating a lack of the self-enhancement/self-protective bias proposed in previous (Western) studies, and suggesting a possible attributional cultural bias that extends to a number of Asian cultures. If this bias does indeed exist, the study suggests that it should be taken into consideration when considering language teaching methodology and the learning environment.
MODE LOCKING OF AN ORGANIC DYE LASER (1968)

This Letter reports the mode locking of an organic dye laser achieved by pumping the laser with the second harmonic of a mode-locked pulse train from a Nd laser. Mode-locked laser action was observed for solutions of Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine B and mixtures thereof. The laser output could be varied from about 5600 Å–5900 Å by changing the composition of the solution.
The Spack package manager (2015)

Large HPC centers spend considerable time supporting software for thousands of users, but the complexity of HPC software is quickly outpacing the capabilities of existing software management tools. Scientific applications require specific versions of compilers, MPI, and other dependency libraries, so using a single, standard software stack is infeasible. However, managing many configurations is difficult because the configuration space is combinatorial in size.
Apoptosis in liver disease (2001)

A variety of biological functions are regulated through extracellular signals. Amongst the best studied examples is growth control, which is achieved by the regulatory function of growth factors. In recent years it has become apparent that cell death (apoptosis) is controlled in a similar fashion.Apoptosis, firstly a morphologically defined process, is a highly controlled type of cell death that plays a critical role in embryonic development, deletion of autoreactive T-cells and adult tissue homoeostasis. There is increasing evidence that derangement of the apoptotic program is the underlying cause of a series of diseases including liver diseases. The deadly program can be initiated by ligand binding to membrane bound receptors such as CD95 (Fas), which is the most prominent cell death inducing member of the TNF receptor superfamily. The core of the subsequently activated intracellular machinery is formed by a set of proteases, namely caspases. Once activated, they orchestrate the complete destruction of the cellular skeleton leading to the typical apoptotic morphology. This review focuses on the underlying mechanism leading to derangement of the usually highly controlled apoptotic program in different liver diseases.
Characterization of Anion Exchange Membrane Technology for Low Cost Electrolysis (2013)

Proton OnSite's line of commercial products based on proton exchange membrane (PEM) technology is competitive with delivered hydrogen in many industrial gas markets. Proton has demonstrated significant efficiency improvements and cost reductions over the past several years. Still, major advances are required in order to provide a cost-competitive hydrogen source for energy markets. Alkaline exchange membranes (AEMs) offer a potential long term pathway to lower cost electrolysis because they can operate at the high current density and high differential pressure of the PEM while using non-precious metal catalysts and base metal cell materials for low cost. Proton is currently performing on an ARPA-E project in collaboration with Penn State to develop an AEM-based regenerative fuel cell. This paper describes progress to date on the AEM electrolyzer being developed under this effort.
Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis — Back to the Future? (2006)

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty has become the most frequently used method for myocardial revascularization.1 The use of uncoated coronary-artery stents during percutaneous intervention has decreased the incidence of acute complications and improved the outcome of patients,2 but restenosis within the stent compromises the long-term results. As a consequence, the prevention and treatment of in-stent restenosis have become priorities in interventional cardiology.Drug-eluting stents, which markedly reduce in-stent restenosis,3 have relegated all other therapeutic approaches to the background. However, it is gradually emerging that rates of late restenosis after the use of drug-eluting stents are higher than initial experience suggested, particularly . . .
Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) Soft Rot Caused by<i>Erwinia carotovora</i>subsp,<i>atroseptica</i> (1996)

Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica caused soft rot of pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit in field plots at Beltsville, MD, in 1994. The pathogen was identified as E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica based on carbohydrate utilization and fatty acid profiles. This is the first report of a bacterial fruit rot of pepper caused by E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. Inoculation techniques were evaluated for reliable induction of pepper soft rot. Inoculation of puncture wounds provided more consistent lesion development than inoculation of Carborundum-induced abrasion wounds or nonwounded tissue. Significant differences in susceptibility of puncture-inoculated pepper genotypes to E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica-induced soft rots were noted. Virulence of E carotovora subsp. atroseptica, E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, and E. chrysanthemi were compared at warm (23°C) and cool (10°C) temperatures. E. carotovora subsp. carotovora and E. chrysanthemi caused the greatest soft rot decay of pepper fruit at 23°C. At 10°C, fruits inoculated with E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica were the most severely affected, suggesting that E. carotovara subsp. atroseptica has the potential to cause significant postharvest decay losses during cool storage conditions.