gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>in vitro</i> motility of cells from human epidermoid carcinomas. a study by phase‐contrast and reflection‐contrast cinematography (1981)

The motile behavior of six cell lines derived from human squamous carcinomas (two from the larynx, four from the tongue) was studied by cinematography under phase- and reflection-contrast illumination. The recorded cell activities consist in spreading, stationary and translocation motility, and aggregate formation. Within this common pattern, quantitative modifications ("sub-pattern") are stable properties of the individual cells lines. Such modifications are particularly evident with regard to the dynamic texture of the aggregates which ranges from loose, netlike structures to compact islands with smooth borders. Accordingly, the intensity of cell traffic within and around the aggregates varies considerably. It is discussed to what extent the in vitro motility of the carcinoma cell populations reflects their behavior in the organism and thus the significance of cell movements for invasion.
Goldwater v. Carter (1980)

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Emetic activity of N-substituted norapomorphines (1975)

Norapomorphine and ten of its N-substituted derivatives were prepared by modifications of procedures described earlier. In a dog emesis test the N-ethyl and N-n-propyl compounds had minimum effective doses of 0.00025 and 0.0005 mg/kg, respectively, when administered iv, sc, or im. In a modified Irwin mouse profile screen the minimum effective iv dose was 0.013 mg/kg for the N-ethyl and 0.0024 mg/kg for the N-n-propyl compound; percutaneous absorption was also observed in mice. All compounds examined caused the stereotyped apomorphine behavior syndrome but hypotensive effects were not serious.
520. Aspects of stereochemistry. Part IV. Configuration and some reactions of the 1,3-O-benzylideneglycerols (5-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxans) (1960)

N. Baggett, J. S. Brimacombe, A. B. Foster, M. Stacey and D. H. Whiffen, J. Chem. Soc., 1960, 2574 DOI: 10.1039/JR9600002574
Protective Effect against Hydroxyl-induced DNA Damage and Antioxidant Activity of Citri reticulatae Pericarpium (2013)

Citri reticulatae pericarpium can effectively protect against hydroxyl-induced DNA damage. One mechanism of protective effect may be radical-scavenging which is via donating hydrogen atom (H·), donating electron (e). Its antioxidant ability can be mainly attributed to the flavonoids, especially hesperidin and narirutin.
H ∞ controller design for large-scale systems with random communication delays (2012)

This paper is concerned with a class of H-infinity controller systems in large-scale system with random communication delays. The linear discrete-time large-scale system was modeled as interconnection of N subsystems. The occurrence of random communication delays is assumed to be a Bernoulli distributed sequence with known probability. The problem addressed here is the design of a liner H-infinity controller such that the error systems are exponentially mean-square stable and guarantee a prescribed H-infinity performance in term of linear matrix inequality (LMI). A numerical example is also provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed design approach.
Dual regulation of heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) activation and DNA-binding activity by H2O2: role of thioredoxin (1996)

The heat-shock (HS) response is a ubiquitous cellular response to stress, involving the transcriptional activation of HS genes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to regulate the activity of a number of transcription factors. We investigated the redox regulation of the stress response and report here that in the human pre-monocytic line U937 cells, H2O2 induced a concentration-dependent transactivation and DNA-binding activity of heat-shock factor-1 (HSF-1). DNA-binding activity was, however, lower with H2O2 than with HS. We thus hypothesized a dual regulation of HSF by oxidants. We found that oxidizing agents, such as H2O2 and diamide, as well as alkylating agents, such as iodoacetic acid, abolished, in vitro, the HSF-DNA-binding activity induced by HS in vivo. The effects of H2O2 in vitro were reversed by the sulphydryl reducing agent dithiothreitol and the endogenous reductor thioredoxin (TRX), while the effects of iodoacetic acid were irreversible. In addition, TRX also restored the DNA-binding activity of HSF oxidized in vivo, while it was found to be itself induced in vivo by both HS and H2O2. Thus, H2O2 exerts dual effects on the activation and the DNA-binding activity of HSF: on the one hand, H2O2 favours the nuclear translocation of HSF, while on the other, it alters HSF-DNA-binding activity, most likely by oxidizing critical cysteine residues within the DNA-binding domain. HSF thus belongs to the group of ROS-modulated transcription factors. We propose that the time required for TRX induction, which may restore the DNA-binding activity of oxidized HSF, provides an explanation for the delay in heat-shock protein synthesis upon exposure of cells to ROS.
Column heterogeneity as a measure of data quality (2006)

Data quality is a serious concern in every data management application, and a variety of quality measures have been proposed, including accuracy, freshness and completeness, to capture the common sources of data quality degradation. We identify and focus attention on a novel measure, column heterogeneity, that seeks to quantify the data quality problems that can arise when merging data from different sources. We identify desiderata that a column heterogeneity measure should intuitively satisfy, and discuss a promising direction of research to quantify database column heterogeneity based on using a novel combination of cluster entropy and soft clustering. Finally, we present a few preliminary experimental results, using diverse data sets of semantically different types, to demonstrate that this approach appears to provide a robust mechanism for identifying and quantifying database column heterogeneity.
Optical biosensing of bacteria and cells using porous silicon based, photonic lamellar gratings (2013)

We report on a method to extend the optical sensing capabilities of conventional RIFTS (reflective interferometric Fourier transform spectroscopy) biosensors for real-time detection of large microorganisms, such as bacteria and cells. Using macro porous silicon based 2D arrays of phase (lamellar) grating, we demonstrate that the zero-order optical reflectivity exhibits a similar interference pattern to that obtained for ordinary RIFTS biosensors, which can be Fourier transformed into optical thickness and exploited for biosensing. The sensing capabilities are demonstrated for Escherichia coli bacteria that were captured inside the macro-pores. The entrapment process is monitored and verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
Structure of a new crystal form of 2-{[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]amino}benzoic acid (flufenamic acid) (1982)

C14Ht0F3NO2, P2.Jc, a = 12.523 (4), b = 7.868(6), c = 12.874 (3)A, fl = 95.2 (2) ° , O,,, = 1.47 (4), D e = 1.47 Mg m -3, Z = 4. Final R = 0.074 for 2255 observed reflections. The carboxyl group and the phenyl ring bearing the carboxyl group are nearly coplanar whereas the two phenyl rings are inclined with respect to each other at 52.8 ° . The difference between the two polymorphs of flufenamic acid lies in the geometrical disposition of the [3-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl]amino moiety with respect to the benzoic acid moiety. As in other fenamate structures, the carboxyl group and the imino N atom are connected through an intramolecular hydrogen bond; also, pairs of centrosymmetrically related molecules are connected through
hydrogen bonds involving carboxyl groups.
p53 Modulates the Exonuclease Activity of Werner Syndrome Protein (2001)

Werner syndrome (WS) is characterized by the early onset of symptoms of premature aging, cancer, and genomic instability. The molecular basis of the defects is not understood but presumably relates to the DNA helicase and exonuclease activities of the protein encoded by the WRN gene that is mutated in the disease. The attenuation of p53-mediated apoptosis in WS cells and reported physical interaction between WRN and the tumor suppressor p53 suggest that p53 and WRN functionally interact in a pathway necessary for the normal cellular response. In this study, we have demonstrated that p53 inhibits the exonuclease activity of the purified full-length recombinant WRN protein. p53 did not have an effect on a truncated amino-terminal WRN fragment that retains exonuclease activity but lacks the physical interaction domain for p53 located in the carboxyl terminus. Two naturally occurring p53 mutants found in human cancer displayed a reduced ability to inhibit WRN exonuclease activity. In cells arrested in S phase with hydroxyurea, WRN exits the nucleolus and colocalizes with p53 in the nucleoplasm. The regulation of WRN function by p53 is likely to play an important role in the maintenance of genomic integrity and prevention of cancer and other clinical symptoms associated with WS.
Multifunctional three-dimensional macroporous nanoelectronic networks for smart materials (2013)

Seamless and minimally invasive integration of 3D electronic circuitry within host materials could enable the development of materials systems that are self-monitoring and allow for communication with external environments. Here, we report a general strategy for preparing ordered 3D interconnected and addressable macroporous nanoelectronic networks from ordered 2D nanowire nanoelectronic precursors, which are fabricated by conventional lithography. The 3D networks have porosities larger than 99%, contain approximately hundreds of addressable nanowire devices, and have feature sizes from the 10-μm scale (for electrical and structural interconnections) to the 10-nm scale (for device elements). The macroporous nanoelectronic networks were merged with organic gels and polymers to form hybrid materials in which the basic physical and chemical properties of the host were not substantially altered, and electrical measurements further showed a >90% yield of active devices in the hybrid materials. The positions of the nanowire devices were located within 3D hybrid materials with ∼14-nm resolution through simultaneous nanowire device photocurrent/confocal microscopy imaging measurements. In addition, we explored functional properties of these hybrid materials, including (i) mapping time-dependent pH changes throughout a nanowire network/agarose gel sample during external solution pH changes, and (ii) characterizing the strain field in a hybrid nanoelectronic elastomer structures subject to uniaxial and bending forces. The seamless incorporation of active nanoelectronic networks within 3D materials reveals a powerful approach to smart materials in which the capabilities of multifunctional nanoelectronics allow for active monitoring and control of host systems.
Direct Costs of Opioid Abuse in an Insured Population in the United States (2005)

The high costs of opioid abuse were driven primarily by high prevalence rates of costly comorbidites and high utilization rates of medical services and prescription drugs.
Review of Alkali-Based Pretreatment To Enhance Enzymatic Saccharification for Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion (2016)

Lignocelluloses have been the focus of much attention, because of their conversion to fermentable sugars for cellulosic ethanol production, both from the viewpoint of energy and the environment. Pretreatment plays a crucial rule in biomass conversion, to overcome the chemical and structural difficulties, which have evolved in lignocelluloses, and to produce a cost-effective fermentable sugar via enzymatic saccharification. Among the developed pretreatment approaches, alkali-based pretreatment technology, which can utilize the equipment and chemical recovery system in the pulping industry, has been considered one of the most promising pretreatment methods, mainly because of its high efficiency in delignification and high final total sugar yields. This paper reviews the classification, mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, and the progress of alkali-based pretreatment technologies, in order to better understand the fundamental principles of alkali-based pretreatments. This is of vital importance for the process improvement and commercial production of alkali-based pretreatment for producing cellulosic ethanol.
Surfactant-Directed Synthesis of Mesoporous Titania with Nanocrystalline Anatase Walls and Remarkable Thermal Stability (2004)

A synthesis route to mesoporous titania with remarkable thermal stability was developed using an amine or cetyltrimethylammonium-templating procedure. By a treatment of the titania hybrids in aqueous ammonia, a method has been developed to overcome the lack of thermal stability above 350 °C. As for most mesoporous titanias described in the literature, this thermal instability originates from the uncontrolled phase transformation of amorphous template-free titania into massive anatase grains. In situ Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermogravimetrical Analysis demonstrated that parts of the amorphous titania walls of the NH3-treated titania hybrids were transferred into walls built up of rutile nanobuilding blocks before the template was thermally removed. We further found that, after a subsequent increase of temperature to remove the template, the remaining amorphous particles were transformed into anatase in such a way that this crystallographic transformation is accompanied by a retention of the pore structure without massive segregation of anatase nuclei. This leads to ordered high surface area (up to 600 m2 g-1) mesostructured titania having pore volumes up to 0.28 cm3 g-1. XRD and N2 adsorption−desorption data showed an outstanding thermal stability; the mesoscale order of NH3-treated titanias was retained after thermal treatment up to 600 °C.
A Hundred Years of Mount Holyoke College: The Evolution of an Educational Ideal (1940)

Journal Article A Hundred Years of Mount Holyoke College: The Evolution of an Educational Ideal. By Arthur C. Cole. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1940. Illustrations and appendices. $4.00.) Get access Merle Curti Merle Curti Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 27, Issue 2, September 1940, Pages 316–317, https://doi.org/10.2307/1896854 Published: 01 September 1940
A critical assessment of the US code for lightning protection of boats (1991)

It is argued that the US code for lightning protection of boats is seriously inadequate. Downconductor conductance should be specified as that of Hash 4 gauge copper rather than the Hash 8 gauge presently specified in order to minimize the risk of overheating and melting. The 1-ft/sup 2/ ground plate is shown to be inadequate to prevent side flashes in fresh water. The magnitude of the potential gradients involved is 2 orders of magnitude larger than the breakdown value if the effect of breakdown in the water is ignored. In salt water, a 1-ft/sup 2/ ground plate is adequate. The concept of a cone of protection with a 90 degrees apex angle is not applicable to the attractive effect of sailboat masts because it underestimates the probability of strike occurrence by an order of magnitude.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Accommodating Uncertainty in the Planning and Operations of Electric Power Systems (2000)

No abstract prepared.
Produktionstechnik für Bauteile aus nichtmetallischen Faserverbundwerkstoffen. T. 3: Reparatur von Faserverbund-Strukturen (1998)

Eversheim, Walter; Höcker, Hartwig; Klocke, Fritz; Michaeli, Walter; Reimerdes, Hans-Günther; Wallentowitz, Henning; Wulfhorst, Burkhard; Goetz, F.; Grun, G.; Hintersteiner, R.; Moll, Klaus-Uwe; Münker, M.; Pelzer, W.; Würtz, C.
Buffer management schemes for supporting TCP in gigabit routers with per-flow queueing (1999)

There has been much interest in using active queue management in routers in order to protect users from connections that are not very responsive to congestion notification. An Internet draft recommends schemes based on random early detection for achieving these goals, to the extent that it is possible, in a system without "per-flow" state. However, a "stateless" system with first-in/first-out (FIFO) queueing is very much handicapped in the degree to which flow isolation and fairness can be achieved. Starting with the observation that a "stateless" system is but one extreme in a spectrum of design choices and that per-flow queueing for a large number of flows is possible, we present active queue management mechanisms that are tailored to provide a high degree of isolation and fairness for TCP connections in a gigabit IP router using per-flow queueing. We show that IP flow state in a router can be bounded if the scheduling discipline used has finite memory, and we investigate the performance implications of different buffer management strategies in such a system. We show that merely using per-flow scheduling is not sufficient to achieve effective isolation and fairness, and it must be combined with appropriate buffer management strategies.
CLEO: a CMOS layout generator (2003)

A description is given of CLEO, an automatic CMOS layout generator that takes as input an arbitrary sized circuit schematic and produces a CMOS layout as one or more horizontal rows of vertically oriented transistors. The layout can be controlled by specifying geometric constraints such as the number of rows desired, their specific heights and widths, and pins located on the region boundary. The tool was designed to lay out random logic sections of custom CMOS chips and is typically used with circuits ranging between 25 and 500 logic gates. CLEO obtains density close to handcrafted layout.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Temperature and Supply Voltage Independent CMOS Voltage Reference Circuit (2005)

A pure CMOS threshold-voltage reference (V TR ) circuit achieves temperature (T) coefficient of 5 μV/°C (T = -60 ∼ +100°C) and supply voltage (V DD ) sensitivity of 0.1 mV/V (V DD = 3 ∼ 5V). A combination of subthreshold current, linear current and saturation current in n-MOSFETs provides a small voltage and temperature dependence. Three different regions in I-V characteristics of MOSFETs generate a constant V TR based on threshold voltage at 0 K. A feedback scheme from the reference output to gates of n-MOSFETs extremely stabilizes the output. The circuit consists of only 17 MOSFETs and its simple scheme saves the die area, which is 0.18 mm 2 in the TEG (Test Element Group) chip fabricated by 1.2 μm n-well CMOS process.
The SHRP 2 Naturalistic Driving Study: Addressing Driver Performance and Behavior in Traffic Safety (2012)

The Second Strategic Highway Research Program is conducting the largest-ever naturalistic driving study at six sites. The high-technology program will support a comprehensive assessment of how driver behavior and performance interact with roadway, environmental, vehicular, and human factors and how these interactions affect collision risk. The information will support new and improved countermeasures to prevent traffic collisions and injuries.
Mapping Soil pH Buffering Capacity of Selected Fields (2003)

Soil pH buffering capacity, since it varies spatially within crop production fields, may be used to define sampling zones to assess lime requirement, or for modeling changes in soil pH when acid forming fertilizers or manures are added to a field. Our objective was to develop a procedure to map this soil property. One hundred thirty six soil samples (0 to 15 cm depth) from three Georgia Coastal Plain fields were titrated with calcium hydroxide to characterize differences in pH buffering capacity of the soils. Since the relationship between soil pH and added calcium hydroxide was approximately linear for all samples up to pH 6.5, the slope values of these linear relationships for all soils were regressed on the organic C and clay contents of the 136 soil samples using multiple linear regression. The equation that fit the data best was b (slope of pH vs. lime added) = 0.00029 - 0.00003 * % clay + 0.00135 * % O/C, r(exp 2) = 0.68. This equation was applied within geographic information system (GIS) software to create maps of soil pH buffering capacity for the three fields. When the mapped values of the pH buffering capacity were compared with measured values for a total of 18 locations in the three fields, there was good general agreement. A regression of directly measured pH buffering capacities on mapped pH buffering capacities at the field locations for these samples gave an r(exp 2) of 0.88 with a slope of 1.04 for a group of soils that varied approximately tenfold in their pH buffering capacities.
Malignant Melanoma and Pigmented Lesions: A Diagnostic and Management Dilemma (1990)

We document two cases of malignancy occurring at the site of partially removed benign nevi. Because of the difficulty in clinical diagnosis and the uncertainty in its behavior, we propose that any recurring melanocytic nevus expanding beyond the original surgical scar be re-excised and the specimen carefully analyzed to ensure complete removal.
Tetrasilacyclobutadiene and Cyclobutadiene Tricarbonylruthenium Complexes: [η<sup>4</sup>-(<sup><i>t</i></sup>Bu<sub>2</sub>MeSi)<sub>4</sub>Si<sub>4</sub>]Ru(CO)<sub>3</sub> and [η<sup>4</sup>-(Me<sub>3</sub>Si)<sub>4</sub>C<sub>4</sub>]Ru(CO)<sub>3</sub> (2009)

The novel ruthenium tricarbonyl complexes (η4-tetrasilacyclobutadiene)tricarbonylruthenium [η4-(tBu2MeSi)4Si4]Ru(CO)3 2 and (η4-cyclobutadiene)tricarbonylruthenium [η4-(Me3Si)4C4]Ru(CO)3 4 were synthesized by the reaction of either the dipotassium salt of a tetrasilacyclobutadiene dianion derivative [(tBu2MeSi)4Si4]2−•2K+ 1 or the dilithium salt of a cyclobutadiene dianion derivative [(Me3Si)4C4]2−•2Li+ 3 with [Ru(CO)3Cl2]2. The spectral and structural characteristics of both 2 and 4 were compared with each other to reveal the general tendencies of the influence of the nature of skeletal atoms and transition metal on the geometry of the four-membered ring ligand and its electronic properties.
Identification of Novel Porcine Endogenous Betaretrovirus Sequences in Miniature Swine (2001)

PCR amplification of genomic DNA from miniature swine peripheral blood lymphocytes, using primers corresponding to highly conserved regions of the polymerase (pol) gene, allowed the identification of two novel porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) sequences, PMSN-1 and PMSN-4. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide sequences of PMSN-1 and PMSN-4 revealed them to be most closely related to betaretroviruses. The identification of PERVs belonging to the Betaretrovirus genus shows that endogenous retroviruses of this family are more broadly represented in mammalian species than previously appreciated. Both sequences contained inactivating mutations, implying that these particular loci are defective. However, Southern blot analysis showed additional copies of closely related proviruses in the miniature swine genome. Analyses of fetal and adult miniature swine tissues revealed a broad mRNA expression pattern of both PMSN-1 and PMSN-4. The most abundant expression was detected in whole bone marrow c-kit(+) (CD117(+)) progenitor bone marrow cells, fetal liver, salivary gland, and thymus. It appears unlikely that functional loci encoding these novel PERV sequences exist, but this remains to be established. The betaretrovirus sequences described in this report will allow such investigations to be actively pursued.
World Wide Web Design Guide (1995)

The World Wide Web is one of the fastest growing areas on the Internet. Users will learn how to design their own Web site with the World Wide Web Design Guide.