gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>New perspective on visual information retrieval</title> (2003)

Visual information retrieval (VIR) is a research area with more than 300 scientific publications every year. Technological progress lets surveys become out of date within a short duration. This paper intends to shortly describe selected important advances in VIR in recent years and point out promising directions for future research. A software architecture for visual media handling is proposed that allows handling image and video content equally. This allows to integrate both types of media in a singe system. The major advances in feature design are sketched and new methods for semantic enrichment are proposed. Guidelines are formulated for further development of feature extraction methods. The most relevant retrieval processes are described and an interactive method for visual mining is suggested that really puts "the human in the loop". For evaluation, the classic recall- and precision-based approach is discussed as well as a new procedure based on MPEG-7 and statistical data analysis. Finally, an "ideal" architecture for VIR systems is outlined. The selection of VIR topics is subjective and represents the author's point of view. The intention is to provide a short but substantial introduction to the field of VIR.
Detection of a carbohydrate sulphatase in human faecal extracts (1987)

Conference Article| December 01 1987 Detection of a carbohydrate sulphatase in human faecal extracts ANTHONY P. CORFIELD; ANTHONY P. CORFIELD 1University Department of Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar SUSAN A. WAGNER; SUSAN A. WAGNER 1University Department of Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar JOHN R. CLAMP JOHN R. CLAMP 1University Department of Medicine, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (6): 1089. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0151089 Article history Received: June 18 1987 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation ANTHONY P. CORFIELD, SUSAN A. WAGNER, JOHN R. CLAMP; Detection of a carbohydrate sulphatase in human faecal extracts. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1987; 15 (6): 1089. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0151089 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROPHYLACTIC IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE REGIMENS ON NATURAL KILLER AND LYMPHOKINE-ACTIVATED KILLER CELLS IN RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS (1990)

We investigated natural-killer cells in 81 renal transplant recipients (RTR) in order to define what kind of in vivo prophylactic immunosuppression could be responsible of the impairment of these NK cells. Cell-surface phenotyping was performed by direct immunofluorescence with Leu7 (CD57), Leu11 (CD16), and Leu19 (CD56) antibodies, in one- and two-color stainings. Functional properties were analyzed with freshly isolated nonadherent mononuclear cells (NK activity) and after in vitro activation with r-IL-2 (LAK activity), in cytotoxicity assays using K562 and Daudi tumor lines as specific targets. A flow cytometry technique using carboxy-Fluorodiacetate was applied to monitor the cytotoxicity of NK cells. Our data emphasize the already known deficiency of NK cells: both NK subsets (CD16+ and/or CD56+) and NK activity were decreased in RTR. Moreover, we demonstrated that the in vitro IL-2-induced LAK cytotoxicity was also diminished in RTR. NK cells and functions were normal in RTR treated with cyclosporine only, decreased in RTR treated with both cyclosporine and azathioprine, and at the lowest level in RTR treated with azathioprine without cyclosporine. A multivariate statistical analysis found a negative linear regression between the doses of azathioprine and the number of functions of NK cells, confirming that azathioprine was responsible for the deficiency of NK cells in our RTR.
Growth of crystalline 3C-SiC on Si at reduced temperatures by chemical vapor deposition from silacyclobutane (1993)

Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition of SiC on carbonized Si from the single-source organosilane precursor silacyclobutane (c-C3H6SiH2,SCB) has been investigated from 800 to 1200 °C. On atmospheric pressure-carbonized (100)Si, SiC films grown at 900 °C and above exhibit a transmission electron diffraction pattern consisting only of sharp spots with cubic symmetry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of these films exhibit primarily the (200) and (400) SiC lines. XRD of films grown at 900 °C on Si(111) exhibits only an extremely large SiC(111) peak with a full width at half-maximum of 450 arcsec. Using a SCB flow rate of 1 sccm, a SiC growth rate of 4–5 μm/h was obtained on Si at 900 °C. Crystalline SiC films have also been grown by SCB at a temperature of 800 °C.
Synthesis and optoelectronic properties of 2,6-bis(2-anilinoethynyl)pyridine scaffolds (2012)

A series of sixteen bisphenylureas based on a 2,6-bis(2-anilinoethynyl)pyridine scaffold have been synthesized for use as potential anion sensors. Prior work with one of these receptors revealed a distinct fluorescence response in the presence of a suitable anion source with specificity towards chloride anion. This study demonstrates that the fluorescent properties of these receptors can be tuned through the systematic variation of the pendant functional groups.
SemEval-2016 Task 4: Sentiment Analysis in Twitter (2016)

This paper discusses the fourth year of the "Sentiment Analysis in Twitter Task". SemEval-2016 Task 4 comprises five subtasks, three of which represent a significant departure from previous editions. The first two subtasks are reruns from prior years and ask to predict the overall sentiment, and the sentiment towards a topic in a tweet. The three new subtasks focus on two variants of the basic "sentiment classification in Twitter" task. The first variant adopts a five-point scale, which confers an ordinal character to the classification task. The second variant focuses on the correct estimation of the prevalence of each class of interest, a task which has been called quantification in the supervised learning literature. The task continues to be very popular, attracting a total of 43 teams.
Test Power Reduction by Blocking Scan Cell Outputs (2008)

Power consumption during scan-based test becomes a major concern in modern nanometer technologies. Gating the outputs of scan cells can dramatically reduce the scan shift power. In this paper, we utilize the same gating logic at the outputs of scan cells to reduce the capture power consumption. This is achieved by inserting block enable cells (BECs) into the design to dynamically control the gating logic. During capture the BECs enable the gating logic to block the transitions originated from a subset of scan chains or scan segments propagating to combinational logic in order to reduce capture power. The implementation of the proposed method in test compression environment is also discussed. The experimental results on industrial designs show the significant capture power reduction by using proposed techniques.
Inside the SQL Server Query Optimizer (2011)

The SQL Server Query Optimizer is perceived by many to be a magic black box, transforming SQL queries into high performance execution plans in the blink of an eye through some unknowable process. The truth is that, while the Query Optimizer is indeed the highly-complex result of decades of research, learning how it works its magic is not only possible, but immensely useful todatabase developers and administrators alike. A better understanding of what the Query Optimizer does behind the scenes can help you to improve the performance of your databases and applications, and this book explains the core concepts behind how the SQL Server Query Optimizer works. With this knowledge, you'll be able to write superior queries, provide the Query Optimizer with all the information it needs to produce efficient execution plans, and troubleshoot the cases when the Query Optimizer is not giving you the best plan possible. With over 15 years of experience in the use of Relational Databases (including SQL Server since version 6.5), Benjamin has watched the SQL ServerRelational Engine grow and evolve. His insight will leave you with an excellent foundation in the practicalities of the Query Optimizer, and everything you need to know to start tuning your queries to perfection.
Quantitative NMR Spectroscopy and Determination of Polymer Microstructure of Ethylene‐Styrene and Ethylene‐Isobutylene <i>Co</i>‐Polymers (2013)

Abstract Summary: Quantitative 13 C NMR spectroscopy is used to determine reactivity ratios and end group and branching frequency of ethylene‐styrene and ethylene‐isobutylene co ‐polymers synthesized at a temperature T = 205 °C and pressure p = 1650 bar at different levels of co ‐monomer fraction. In the forefront of the studies quantitative 13 C NMR conditions have to be investigated. Optimum conditions are achieved using a relaxation agent Chromium(III) acetylacetonate (Cr(acac) 3 ) at measurement temperature T = 100 °C and a delay time d 1 = 7 s with a 90° pulse and inverse‐gated decoupling. The analysis of conversion dependence of co ‐monomer content shows an increase in conversion with increasing co ‐monomer content for the ethylene‐styrene co ‐polymerization, whereas conversion decreases with rising isobutene fraction in the co ‐polymer. Reactivity ratios for ethylene‐styrene as well as for ethylene‐isobutylene co ‐polymerization system are determined with values r ES = 0.09 ± 0.007 and r SE = 2.3 ± 7.0 and r EIB = 3.3 ± 0.6 and r IBE = 6.3 ± 4.2. Frequency on methyl end groups, end‐of‐chain contributions caused by transfer to propionic aldehyde and butyl branches are gained. For the ethylene‐styrene co‐ polymer system a decrease in frequency is observed, whereas for the ethylene‐isobutylene co ‐polymer system the opposite occurs. Influence of the co ‐monomers on the polymerization reaction steps as transfer to chain transfer agent and backbiting reaction is discussed.
Predicting Housing Value: A Comparison of Multiple Regression Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks (2001)

This article compares the predictive performance of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple regression analysis (MRA) for single family housing sales. Multiple comparisons are made between the two data models in which the data sample size, the functional specification and the temporal prediction are varied. ANN performs better than MRA when a moderate to large data sample size is used. For the application, this moderate to large data sample size varied from 13% to 39% of the total data sample (506 to 1,506 observations out of 3,906 total observations). The results give a plausible explanation why previous papers have obtained varied results when comparing MRA and ANN predictive performance for housing values.
Improving Business Processes in the Australian Lending Industry (2008)

Our research group at NICTA was approached by LIXI, a standardization body of the Australian lending (e.g., mortgage) industry to help improve their business processes. We have been working on developing better approaches for business process modeling and on inventing new techniques for business process interoperation on a very large (industry-wide) scale. We studied a number of modern modeling languages and tools, as well as implementation technologies (e.g., SOAP and RESTful Web services). Then, we defined reference business process models and developed reference architectures and implementations for interoperable cross-organizational lending business processes. Our solutions have been adopted in practice. Insights and results from this project are transferable to other vertical domains.
Possible origin of the skin sensitization potential of isoeugenol and related compounds (1992)

Although many simple chemicals can give rise to the phenomenon of allergic contact dermatitis, it is rare that the mechanism of reaction between the chemical hapten and skin protein is known. A further complication is that metabolic processes may produce substantial changes to a chemical penetrating skin. Thus the skin contactant may be regarded as a prohapten which will give rise to the true hapten in vivo. In this study, the possible reaction mechanisms for a number of related simple aromatic chemicals have been investigated. The approach taken was to evaluate potential reaction mechanisms by assessing the degree to which chemicals could cross-react in sensitization tests. By careful choice of chemicals, it was then possible to confirm (or reject) options. Using this approach, a number of reaction schemes were investigated for eugenol, isoeugenol, dihydroeugenol, anethole and several related chemicals. The patterns of sensitization obtained and the cross-reactions observed indicated clearly that electrophile/nucleophile interactions were unlikely to provide a complete explanation of the sensitization processes. Eugenol and isoeugenol are not mutually cross-reactive, yet both cross-reacted with dihydroeugenol. Examination of the possible reaction mechanisms allows the speculation that eugenol reacts in part via a phenolic radical mechanism, whilst isoeugenol reacts largely via formation of an orthoquinone. Both reaction mechanisms are proposed for dihydroeugenol.
The role of NADPH oxidase, neuronal nitric oxide synthase and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase in oxidative neuronal death induced in cortical cultures by brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin‐4/5 (2002)

Certain neurotrophins promote or induce oxidative neuronal death in cortical cultures. However, the effector mechanisms mediating this phenomenon have not been delineated. In this study, we investigated the possibility that NADPH oxidase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) function as such effectors. Western blot analysis showed that treatment with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin (NT)-4/5 increased the levels of NADPH oxidase subunits. Moreover, neurotrophin treatment resulted in membrane translocation of p67phox, a characteristic feature of NADPH oxidase activation. Administration of the specific NADPH oxidase inhibitor, 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonylfluoride (AEBSF), attenuated increases in oxygen free radicals thereby suggesting that NADPH oxidase contributes to the oxidative stress induced by neurotrophins. Furthermore, neuronal death induced by BDNF or NT-4/5 was significantly attenuated by AEBSF. Treatment with BDNF has previously been shown to induce neuronal NOS (nNOS). Our data indicated that inhibitors of nNOS attenuated neuronal death induced by BDNF or NT-4/5, consistent with an active role of nNOS in the mediation of neurotrophin neurotoxicity. As in other models of oxidative cell death, BDNF-induced neuronal death was accompanied by poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation. AEBSF or N-nitro-l-arginine (NNA) reduced BDNF-mediated PARP activation. PARP and poly(ADP ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) are actively involved in mediating neurotrophin neurotoxicity since inhibitors of PARP and PARG significantly reduced levels of cell death. These results suggest that NADPH oxidase and nNOS contribute to increased oxidative stress, subsequent activation of PARP/PARG, and neuronal death induced by prolonged neurotrophin exposure.
Acetazolamide for electrical status epilepticus in slow‐wave sleep (2015)

Electrical status epilepticus in slow-wave sleep (ESES) is characterized by nearly continuous spike-wave discharges during non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. ESES is present in Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) and continuous spike and wave in slow-wave sleep (CSWS). Sulthiame has demonstrated reduction in spike-wave index (SWI) in ESES, but is not available in the United States. Acetazolamide (AZM) is readily available and has similar pharmacologic properties. Our aims were to assess the effect of AZM on SWI and clinical response in children with LKS and CSWS. Children with LKS or CSWS treated with AZM at our institution were identified retrospectively. Pre- and posttherapy electroencephalography (EEG) studies were evaluated for SWI. Parental and teacher report of clinical improvement was recorded. Six children met criteria for inclusion. Three children (50%) demonstrated complete resolution or SWI <5% after AZM. All children had improvement in clinical seizures and subjective improvement in communication skills and school performance. Five of six children had subjective improvement in hyperactivity and attention. AZM is a potentially effective therapy for children with LKS and CSWS. This study lends to the knowledge of potential therapies that can be used for these disorders, which can be challenging for families and providers.
Purification and partial characterization of porcine liver alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase. (1980)

a-N-Acetyl-D-galactosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.49)was purified from porcine liver by acid and ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by successive chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, concanavalin A-Sepharose, DEAEcellulose with ampholyte elution, Sephadex G-150, and hydroxylapatite.The p-nitrophenyl-a-N-acetylgalactosaminide and Forssman hapten hydrolyzing activities were purified 3,300-fold and 19,600-fold, respectively.Native gel electrophoresis with 7% polyacrylamide at pH 8.3 gave two protein bands with p-nitropheny1-a-Nacetylgalactosaminide hydrolyzing activity.The native enzyme and its subunits were estimated to have molecular weights of 102,000 and 52,000, respectively.The kinetic behavior of this enzyme preparation was tested towards different substrates with a-N-acetylgalactosamine and a-galactose residues at the nonreducing end, including p-nitrophenyl-a-N-acetylgalactosaminide, Forssman hapten, N-acetyl-sphingosyl-Forssman pentasaccharide, porcine submaxillary mucin, N-acetylgalactosaminyl-(al-6)-1,2:3,4-di-0-isopropylidenegalactose and 4-methylumbelliferyl-a-galactoside.Apparent K,,, values for these substrates were 2.5 X 2.6 X 2.5 X 2.3 X 4.8 X and 1 X lo-' M, and the V,, values were 14.8,4.2,0.81, 0.42, 1.1, and
Studies on the processing and properties of soymilk: III.—Factors affecting concentration of soymilk and its stability during heat sterilisation (1971)

Abstract Soymilk that has been efficiently heat treated to destroy the trypsin inhibitor is difficult to concentrate because its viscosity increases exponentially with increase of solids content. This imposes a concentration limit of around 17–18% total solids due to the formation of gel‐like structure. The possible factors which contribute to this gel formation during concentration were investigated. A sulphydryl‐disulphide interchange reaction is mostly responsible for the increase in viscosity of the concentrate up to about 16% total solids but above this concentration other forces predominated. The possibility of gelation through the intermodular cross‐linkages by calcium ion was eliminated. Sodium sulphite and N‐ethylmaleimide are effective in reducing this viscosity increase to some extent but when the concentrate is sterilised sodium sulphite ceases to have any effect on the viscosity and with N‐ethylmaleimide the viscosity of the sterilised concentrate is about 50% of the unstabilised sample. Fore‐warming by heating to 115°C for 5 min causes an increase in viscosity during concentration but effectively stabilises the product against further increases in viscosity on sterilisation. Final viscosity of the forewarmed product after sterilisation is about 75% of the unstabilised sample. The conditions necessary for the production of good quality canned soymilk concentrate are presented.
Microcomputer-based fault detection using redundant sensors (1988)

The design of a prototype device that implements a redundancy management scheme for online detection and isolation of faulty sensors in strategic facilities such as nuclear reactors, hazardous chemical plants, and advanced aircraft is presented. Such a device can potentially reduce the number of display devices in the control room and relieve the plant operator(s) from the tasks of assimilation and analysis of redundant sensor data as well as enhance the processing capabilities of the main computer. The device can be used as an integral part of intelligent instrumentation systems. It was built using an 8-bit microcomputer system and commercially available electronic hardware. The software is completely portable. The operation of a prototype has been successfully demonstrated for real-time validation of sensor data at the MITR-II nuclear research reactor.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Overview of PLATINUM A Platform for Investigating Non-Uniform Memory (Preliminary Version) (1988)

PLATINUM is an experimental operating system kernel designed to facilitate research on memory management systems for Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) Multiprocessor Architectures. It exports to user programs a simple abstraction of a shared memory multiprocessor in which all memory appears to be uniformly and rapidly accessible from all processors in the machine. The perceived uniformity on top of a non-uniform physical memory architecture is supported by an abstraction called coherent memory. Implemented in software as an extension of a directory-based caching mechanism using invalidation, coherent memory attempts to transparently migrate and replicate data to locations that are physically close to the processors that use it. A fundamental property of PLATINUM coherent memory is that it automatically reverts to the use of remote memory access for data that is not amenable to caching. PLATINUM currently runs on BBN Butterfly Plus Computers. This report is an overview of PLATINUM. In addition to motivating the project and presenting our research plans, we describe the interface that the kernel provides to its users.
A negative regulator mediates quorum-sensing control of exopolysaccharide production in <i>Pantoea stewartii</i> subsp. <i>stewartii</i> (1998)

Classical quorum-sensing (autoinduction) regulation, as exemplified by the lux system of Vibrio fischeri, requires N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signals to stimulate cognate transcriptional activators for the cell density-dependent expression of specific target gene systems. For Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, a bacterial pathogen of sweet corn and maize, the extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) stewartan is a major virulence factor, and its production is controlled by quorum sensing in a population density-dependent manner. Two genes, esaI and esaR, encode essential regulatory proteins for quorum sensing. EsaI is the AHL signal synthase, and EsaR is the cognate gene regulator. esaI, DeltaesaR, and DeltaesaI-esaR mutations were constructed to establish the regulatory role of EsaR. We report here that strains containing an esaR mutation produce high levels of EPS independently of cell density and in the absence of the AHL signal. Our data indicate that quorum-sensing regulation in P. s. subsp. stewartii, in contrast to most other described systems, uses EsaR to repress EPS synthesis at low cell density, and that derepression requires micromolar amounts of AHL. In addition, derepressed esaR strains, which synthesize EPS constitutively at low cell densities, were significantly less virulent than the wild-type parent. This finding suggests that quorum sensing in P. s. subsp. stewartii may be a mechanism to delay the expression of EPS during the early stages of infection so that it does not interfere with other mechanisms of pathogenesis.