gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BMI-Conditional Standard of Leptin Serum Values in Children: Proposal of a Statistical Procedure for the Analysis of Influencing Variables (2005)

In order to define serum leptin values in children, its concentration was assayed in 3,453 children, 5-14 years old, and body mass index (BMI) and pubertal development were recorded. Insulin, testosterone (in males) and 17beta-estradiol (in females), the sum of four skinfold thicknesses (SST), waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat mass were also determined in 1,601 children. Analysis of multicollinearity effects on estimated models demonstrated a quasi-linear correlation between SST and BMI, the former being prevalent. Although other variables were strongly correlated with leptin, assuming only SST as predictor, R2 yielded a value of 0.711 in males and 0.607 in females. When the other variables were added, R2 increased by about 0.03 in both sexes. BMI and SST were the most important of all the predictors and each can act as a sort of proxy for the others. When the z-scores of BMI of all 3,453 children were subdivided into deciles, any correlation with leptin was no more significant inside each BMI z-score range. This study demonstrates that subcutaneous fat mass may be considered the prevalent determinant factor. The adopted statistical procedure furnished results useful for reference values based on BMI z-score as a simple and appropriate evaluation for serum leptin concentrations in children.
Reliable, Memory Speed Storage for Cluster Computing Frameworks (2014)

Abstract : Tachyon is a distributed file system enabling reliable data sharing at memory speed across cluster computing frameworks. While caching today improves read workloads, writes are either network or disk bound, as replication is used for fault-tolerance. Tachyon eliminates this bottleneck by pushing lineage, a well-known technique borrowed from application frameworks, into the storage layer. The key challenge in making a long-lived lineage-based storage system is timely data recovery in case of failures. Tachyon addresses this issue by introducing a checkpointing algorithm that guarantees bounded recovery cost and resource allocation strategies for recomputation under common resource schedulers. Our evaluation shows that Tachyon outperforms in-memory HDFS by 110x for writes. It also improves the end-to-end latency of a realistic workflow by 4x. Tachyon is open source and is deployed at multiple companies.
Response of selection for grain yield in mutagenic population in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) (2001)

Induced golyaenic variability have been assessed in several crop plants. The three cultivar or lentil viz. Pant L-406, K-75 & L-4076 are studied in M4 & Ms generations which are irradiated with gamma-rays, EMS & sodium azide to different doses singly & In combinatins. Among which the 30 kR or gamma-rays was round more effective for grain yield In both the generations. The higher estimates or heritability were also associated at 30 kR or gamma-rays & 0.3%.EMS and In combined treatments or 10 kR or pmma-rays + 0.3% EMS and 10 kR or gamma-rays + 0.5% sodium azide.
Implementation of Internal Mixed Signal ESD Protection onto RFID Transponder IC (2006)

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has become an important wireless data communication tool in recent years. As much as we want to ensure data integrity and the robustness of the RFID transponder, Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) influence on the transponder can jeopardize it. Current practice put the ESD protection in the package. However at pad level, the ESD protection is usually small dimensioned to reduce input capacitance. Hence extra ESD protection co-constructed at internal circuit VDD-VSS rail is necessary in advanced process due to thinner gate oxide. In this paper, we have developed an internal ESD protection circuit and implemented it in our previously developed 13.56MHz RFID transponder employing TSMC 0.18μm process. The circuit has a capability to sustain 2-KV of HBM positive mode ESD voltage, which is suitable for RFID applications. The additional power consumption for the clamp circuit is only 15.12nW.
Spatially optimized gene transfection by laser-induced breakdown of optically trapped nanoparticles (2011)

We demonstrate laser-induced breakdown of an optically trapped nanoparticle with a nanosecond laser pulse. Controllable cavitation within a microscope sample was achieved, generating shear stress to monolayers of live cells. This efficiently permeabilize their plasma membranes. We show that this technique is an excellent tool for plasmid-DNA transfection of cells with both reduced energy requirements and reduced cell lysis compared to previously reported approaches. Simultaneous multisite targeted nanosurgery of cells is also demonstrated using a spatial light modulator for parallelizing the technique.
Analysis of Intracerebral Hematoma Shapes by Numerical Computer Simulation Using the Finite Element Method (1994)

The distortion and stress distribution in the brain caused by putaminal hemorrhage were estimated by computer stimulation using the finite element method (FEM). The two-dimensional model of a single cerebral hemisphere contained cortex, white matter, caudate nucleus, lenticular nucleus, thalamus, falx, and lateral ventricle. Five types of intracerebral hemorrhage were modeled at different locations in the lenticular nucleus. The models generated putaminal hematomas of various shapes influenced by the location of the bleeding points. Hematomas caused deformation of the brain, collapse of the lateral ventricle, and destruction of the internal capsule. The stress distribution revealed various patterns influenced by the site of bleeding. The stress in the area of the internal capsule corresponded to the extent of destruction of the internal capsule. This study suggests that FEM modeling of putaminal hemorrhage can provide a useful simulation.
Development of a battery runtime prediction algorithm and a method for determining its accuracy (2002)

Johnson Controls Battery Group, Inc. (JCBGI) has developed a battery performance algorithm which provides an accurate runtime prediction via continuous battery monitoring. The Energy Eye algorithm is based on a mathematical model that describes the batteries' relative state-of-charge as a function of voltage and discharge rate. Each battery design used with the algorithm has a unique set of mathematical constants derived from a comprehensive testing regime. The algorithm provides an accurate runtime prediction with stable output under constant and dynamic loads. It is compatible with continuous monitoring and updates battery performance using readily monitorable battery information. The algorithm also possesses a learning capacity to provide improved predictive capability, with an accurate and conservative prediction in the critical time frame near the end-of-discharge.
Experimental studies on the differentiation of embryonic tissues growing <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> .—II. The development of the isolated early embryonic eye of the fowl when cultivated <i>in vitro</i> (1926)

Abstract In a previous communication (Strangeways and Fell, 1926) it was shown that if the undifferentiated limb-bud of the embryonic Fowl was cultivated in vitro, it underwent a considerable amount of progressive development. This capacity for independent development in vitro possessed by an isolated organ has been further investigated, and for these later experiments the writers have employed the early embryonic eye, a structure endowed with more complex potentialities than the limb-bud. As a result of these experiments it was found that the eyes of young Fowl embryos possess, in a remarkable degree, the faculty for self-differentiation in vitro and for “organotypic” growth as defined by Maximow (1925). The previous work on organotypic growth in vitro has already been briefly outlined in the writers’ earlier paper and need not be discussed here. The expenses connected with the experiments described in this communication were met by the Medical Research Council, to whom the writers desire to express their thanks.
Multiprefix Trie: A New Data Structure for Designing Dynamic Router-Tables (2010)

IP lookup affects the speed of an incoming packet and the time required to determine which output port the packet should be sent to; hence, it plays an important role in the design of router-tables. In this paper, we propose a new data structure, called a multiprefix trie, for use in designing dynamic router-tables. One key feature of our data structure is that each node can store more than one prefix, which reduces the number of memory accesses. When performing lookup, the structure can search more prefixes in one node and may find the longest matching prefix in an internal node rather than on a leaf. Moreover, when updating the router-table, it does not need to reconstruct the table. As a by-product, the proposed data structure minimizes the time required for dynamic router-table operations, including lookup, insertion, and deletion, and also reduces the number of memory accesses. We report the results of experiments conducted to compare the proposed data structure with other structures using the benchmark IPv4 prefix database AS4637 with 219,581 prefixes.
Surface modification of fly ash – characterisation and evaluation as reinforcing filler in polyisoprene (1999)

Fly ash, used in conjunction with bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulphane (TESPT) as coupling agent, has been investigated as a reinforcing filler for polyisoprene compounds. The TESPT adsorption isotherm on silica showed that in forming a monolayer, the molecule assumes an inverted U conformation on the surface. With silica, half a monolayer of TESPT gave the maximum bound rubber formation. Fly ash particles were modified by acid and base treatment and characterised by electron microscopy and surface area determination. Little bound rubber formed on any of the modified fly ash particles, the green strength of compounds with 30 phr filler was poor, and limited reinforcement was obtained only with the acid–base modified material. This filler had a large surface area (146 m2 g-1 ), but even for this filler, TESPT addition led to little bound rubber formation, possibly because of the lack of hydroxy groups on the surface.
An Experimental Investigation of the Capillary Performance of Triangular Versus Sinusoidal Channels (1997)

This paper discusses an experimental investigation of the performance of capillary channels with sinusoidal versus triangular geometry. Results indicate that for equivalent cross-sectional area, angle of inclination, and heat input from below, a triangular groove geometry sustains a larger wetted area while a sinusoidal groove geometry supports a greater average heat flux.
Tapered cavity surface emitting distributed Bragg reflector lasers (2000)

High power, diffraction-limited semiconductor lasers are required for a wide range of applications such as pumping for EDFAs, Raman amplifiers, and for free space optical communications. Unstable resonator has been identified as a very promising concept to develop these lasers. The objective of this research is to investigate and develop tapered cavity unstable resonator grating coupled surface emitting lasers (TCSELs). The laser consists of a ridge section, a tapered gain section and a DBR grating section. The ridge is used to ensure single lateral mode operation. The taper is used to achieve high power from a large aperture. The grating is used to provide feedback and surface outcoupling. This laser design has several key features including high output power, near diffraction-limited beam, low divergence angle, single longitudinal mode operation, and integration with dynamic functionality such as wavelength tuning and beam steering. In this dissertation the design, fabrication and characterization of TCSELs are discussed. The theory of TCSELs is presented. As a theoretical investigation, a comprehensive numerical modeling based on finite difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM) for semiconductor laser is developed. The model includes major parameters affecting device performance such as current spreading, carrier diffusion, nonlinear gain-carrier relation, gain saturation, carrier induced antiguiding and thermal lensing. The simulation results are presented and effects of design parameters on device performance are discussed. TCSELs with different device design and functionality are fabricated. The characterization results are discussed. High power operation is obtained under both pulsed and continuous wave (CW) operation. Collimated near diffraction-limited beam is demonstrated with moderate power. Single longitudinal mode operation with high side mode suppression ratio is observed. Wavelength tuning and beam steering is achieved using current injection to the suitable grating section through indium tin oxide (ITO). Several approaches for the improvement of the laser performance are discussed.
4-Hydroxy-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,5-thiadiazole-3-carboxamide: a novel inhibitor of the canonical NF-κB cascade (2017)

The NF-κB signaling pathway is a validated oncological target. Here, we applied scaffold hopping to IMD-0354, a presumed IKKβ inhibitor, and identified 4-hydroxy-<i>N</i>-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,2,5-thiadiazole-3-carboxamide (<b>4</b>) as a nM-inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway. However, both <b>4</b> and IMD-0354, being potent inhibitors of the canonical NF-κB pathway, were found to be inactive in human IKKβ enzyme assays.
Blind deconvolution by modified Bussgang algorithm (2003)

The 'Bussgang' is one of the best known blind deconvolution algorithms. It requires prior knowledge of the source statistics as well as the deconvolution noise characteristics. In this paper we present a first attempt for making the algorithm 'more blind' by replacing the original Bayesian estimator with a flexible parametric function whose parameters adapt through time. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, computer simulations are also presented and discussed.
The impact of virtualisation on the performance and operational costs of Massively Multiplayer Online Games (2010)

To serve millions of players, Massively Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG) operators pre-provision and then maintain thousands of computer resources. We investigate a hybrid resource provisioning model that uses smaller and cheaper data centers, complemented during peak hours by virtualised cloud computing resources. Through trace-based simulation and empirical experimentation, we assess the impact of provisioning virtualised cloud resources, analyse the virtualisation overhead, and compare provisioning of virtualised resources with resource ownership. Using a simple cost model, we also investigate the costs of hosting MMOGs on the resources leased independently from three commercial cloud providers, including Amazon.
Transforming growth factor-6 stimulates bone ongrowth: Hydroxyapatite-coated implants studied in dogs (1996)

Unloaded cylindrical grit-blasted titanium (Ti-6A-4V) implants (6 x 10 mm) coated with hydroxyapatite ceramic were inserted into the proximal part of the humerus of 20 skeletally mature Labrador dogs. The implants were initially surrounded by a 2 mm gap. In 10 dogs, HA-coated implants without growth factor were inserted in one humerus and implants with 0.3 microgram rhTGF-beta 1 adsorbed onto the HA coating were inserted in the contralateral humerus. In another group of 10 dogs, a dose of 3.0 micrograms rhTGF-beta 1 was tested in a similar design. All dogs were killed at 6 weeks after treatment. Results were evaluated by histomorphometry and mechanical push-out testing. Bone ongrowth was increased by one third, using the 0.3 mg rhTGF-beta 1 stimulation. Bone volume in the gap and mechanical testing showed no statistically significant differences between control and rhTGF-beta 1 stimulated implants. RhTGF-beta 1 only moderately enhanced bone ongrowth to hydroxyapatite-coated implants.
Testing the validity of the lacunar hypothesis (1997)

While lacunar syndromes, especially PSS and A-H, are highly predictive of lacune, in about one in four patients presenting with lacunar syndromes confirmed radiologically the condition is associated with nonlacunar mechanisms of infarction. Noninvasive neurovascular and cardiac evaluations are still warranted even among patients with lacunes.
The Learning Experience: (1994)

Describes the library and information course at Manchester′s Department of Library and Information Studies which has recently been updated to present the course as a crucial part of (not a prelude to) a career, and help students to decide on their career hopes. Discusses the Career Development Report undertaken in year two, its benefits and successes, and concludes that it offers a useful insight into student perceptions of the course.
Discharge measurements at gaging stations (1969)

The series of manuals on techniques describes procedures for planning and executing specialized work in water-resources investigations . The material is grouped under major subject headings called books and further subdivided into sections and chapters ; section A of book 3 is on surface-water techniques .
A study into different cell-level cooling strategies for cylindrical lithium-ion cells in automotive applications (2018)

Previous research has identified that the ageing rate and performance of lithium-ion cells is negatively influenced by unfavourable cell thermal conditions, specifically, high ambient temperatures and large in-cell temperature gradients. In this paper, the thermal performance of tab cooling cylindrical cells, which is not well understood within the literature, is compared to more common radial cooling strategies. The analysis is conducted through the development of a 2D transient bulk layer thermal model displaying anisotropic thermal conductivity. The model is validated against experimental temperature measurements, where the peak error of the simulation was found to be 2% and 5% for the experimental test drive cycle and constant 1 C discharge respectively. Results indicate that radial cooling with air or singular tab cooling with liquid is inadequate in limiting in-cell temperature gradients to below 5°C for HEV type 32113 cells when subject to four loops of the US06 drive cycle.
The NT digital micro tape recorder (1993)

The description of an audio recorder may at first glance seem out of place in a conference which has been dedicated to the discussion of the technology and requirements of mass data storage. However, there are several advanced features of the NT system which will be of interest to the mass storage technologist. Moreover, there are a sufficient number of data storage formats in current use which have evolved from their audio counterparts to recommend a close attention to major innovative introductions of audio storage formats. While the existing analog micro-cassette recorder has been (and will continue to be) adequate for various uses, there are significant benefits to be gained through the application of digital technology. The elimination of background tape hiss and the availability of two relatively wide band channels (for stereo recording), for example, would greatly enhance listenability and speech intelligibility. And with the use of advanced high-density recording and LSI circuit technologies, a digital micro recorder can realize unprecedented compactness with excellent energy efficiency. This is what was accomplished with the NT-1 Digital Micro Recorder. Its remarkably compact size contributes to its portability. The high-density NT format enables up to two hours of low-noise digital stereo recording on a cassette the size of a postage stamp. Its highly energy-efficient mechanical and electrical design results in low power consumption; the unit can be operated up to 7 hours (for continuous recording) on a single AA alkaline battery. Advanced user conveniences include a multifunction LCD readout. The unit's compactness and energy-efficiency, in particular, are attributes that cannot be matched by existing analog and digital audio formats. The size, performance, and features of the NT format are of benefit primarily to those who desire improved portability and audio quality in a personal memo product. The NT Recorder is the result of over ten years of intensive, multi-disciplinary research and development. What follows is a discussion of the technologies that have made the NT possible: (1) NT format mechanics, (2) NT media, (3) NT circuitry and board.
Rigid model and flexible model of a novel stick-slip driving stage (2012)

In this paper, rigid model and flexible model of a novel stick-slip driving stage was proposed. In the building of rigid and flexible model of a novel stick-slip driving system, LuGre friction model was selected which is most suitable for the stick-slip driving. Combined with LuGre model, the rigid model of stick-slip driving was built and simulated in Simulink software. Combined with LuGre model and dynamics model of flexible hinge, the flexible model of stick-slip system was built and simulated in Simulink software. The displacement, speed and acceleration curve of the PZT, inertial mass and slider were obtained. Experiment prototype and the testing of stick-slip driving system were also designed. The actual displacement curve of different direction of the slider and the step displacement curve of the PZT were tested and the problem of different direction with different displacement was found. In order to better compare testing results and simulation results, simulation results and testing results were processed to show in a figure. The simulation results are validated by the testing results. Therefore, the rigid and flexible model is suitable to study the novel stick-slip stage and a kind of problem in stick-slip driving.
A Decade of Systems Biology (2010)

Systems biology provides a framework for assembling models of biological systems from systematic measurements. Since the field was first introduced a decade ago, considerable progress has been made in technologies for global cell measurement and in computational analyses of these data to map and model cell function. It has also greatly expanded into the translational sciences, with approaches pioneered in yeast now being applied to elucidate human development and disease. Here, we review the state of the field with a focus on four emerging applications of systems biology that are likely to be of particular importance during the decade to follow: (a) pathway-based biomarkers, (b) global genetic interaction maps, (c) systems approaches to identify disease genes, and (d) stem cell systems biology. We also cover recent advances in software tools that allow biologists to explore system-wide models and to formulate new hypotheses. The applications and methods covered in this review provide a set of prime exemplars useful to cell and developmental biologists wishing to apply systems approaches to areas of interest.
Non-Anticoagulant Uses of Heparin (1993)

The clinical use of heparin as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent is established practice in prophylaxis against postoperative deep-vein thrombosis, in the initial treatment of overt deep-vein thrombosis, and in the prevention of thrombosis during extracorporeal circulation1. With its anticoagulant and antithrombotic action, heparin primarily binds to and accelerates the plasma inhibitor antithrombin III, and it has essential interactions with various coagulation proteinases. Furthermore, its interaction with other inhibitory proteins, such as heparin cofactor II and tissue-factor-pathway inhibitor, promotes additional proteinase inhibitory reactions24.Heparin is a highly sulfated, unbranched glycosaminoglycan present in the mast cells of most . . .