gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MIMO-Based Forward-Looking SAR Imaging Algorithm and Simulation (2014)

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar imaging can provide higher resolution and better sensitivity and thus can be applied to targets detection, recognition, and tracking. Missile-borne forward-looking SAR (MFL-SAR) is a new and special MIMO radar mode. It has advantage of two-dimensional (2D) imaging capability in forward direction over monostatic missile-borne SAR and airborne SAR. However, it is difficult to obtain accurate 2D frequency spectrum of the target echo signal due to the high velocity and descending height of this platform, which brings a lot of obstacles to imaging algorithm design. Therefore, a new imaging algorithm for MFL-SAR configuration based on the method of series reversion is proposed in this paper. This imaging method can implement range compression, secondary range compression (SRC), and range cell migration correction (RCMC) effectively. Finally, some simulations of point targets and comparison results confirm the efficiency of our proposed algorithm.
Synchronous Closing Control for Shunt Capacitors (1985)

A practical application of synchronous closing (voltage zero energization) to reduce HV and EHV shunt capacitor in-rush currents and overvoltages is presented with field results. Switch and circuit breaker timing and dielectric performance are discussed. A simple electronic circuit which improves switch consistency and accomplishes the required timing is described.
Computing and Visualizing Dynamic Time Warping Alignments in R: The dtw Package (2009)

Dynamic time warping is a popular technique for comparing time series, providing both a distance measure that is insensitive to local compression and stretches and the warping which optimally deforms one of the two input series onto the other. A variety of algorithms and constraints have been discussed in the literature. The dtw package provides an unification of them; it allows R users to compute time series alignments mixing freely a variety of continuity constraints, restriction windows, endpoints, local distance definitions, and so on. The package also provides functions for visualizing alignments and constraints using several classic diagram types.
Valproic acid‐induced spina bifida: A mouse model (1992)

Prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) has been associated with the formation of spina bifida aperta, meningocele, and meningomyelocele in the human. Until now, a direct relationship between VPA application and spina bifida has not been experimentally demonstrated. VPA was known only to induce exencephaly in mice, a defect of the anterior neural tube. Maximal sensitivity toward production of this defect was on day 8 of gestation (plug day = day 0). The closure of the posterior neuropore occurs later in the development of mice than the closure of the anterior neuropore. To investigate whether there is a direct relationship between VPA application during pregnancy and induction of spina bifida in mice, we administered various doses of the drug on day 9 of gestation, at three time intervals (at 0, 6, and 12 hr). This administration of VPA produced spina bifida aperta and spina bifida occulta in mice. High doses of VPA (3 x 450 and 3 x 500 mg/kg) induced a low rate of spina bifida aperta in the lumbosacral region. High incidences of spina bifida occulta, a less serious form of spina bifida, were induced with lower doses. This malformation was demonstrated in double-stained fetal skeletons by measurements of the distance between the cartilaginous ends of each vertebral arch. The occurrence of this defect and its localization was dose-dependent. The lumbar region was affected by all doses investigated (3 x 300, 3 x 350, 3 x 400, 3 x 450, and 3 x 500 mg/kg). The sacral/coccygeal region was affected additionally, but with higher doses (3 x 400, 3 x 450, and 3 x 500 mg/kg). A comparison of the results obtained with day 16 and 17 control fetuses showed that the pattern of gaps present in the lumbar and sacral region of the spinal cord in treated groups was drug-specific and not related to a developmental delay. Our results indicate that multiple administrations of VPA on day 9 of gestation in mice result in a low incidence of spina bifida aperta and a high incidence of spina bifida occulta, and provides a relevant model for the study of human spina bifida defects.
Compensatory growth and photosynthetic responses of Pharbitis purpurea seedlings to clipped cotyledon and second leaf (2011)

Leaf tissue damaging to seedlings can limit their subsequent growth, and the effects may be more extensive. Compensatory photosynthesis responses of the remnant cotyledon and primary leaf of Pharbitis purpurea to clipping and the effect of clipping on seedling growth were evaluated in a pot-cultivated experiment. Three treatments were conducted in the experiment, which were clipped cotyledon (CC), clipped second leaf (CL), and control group (CG). The area, thickness, mass, and longevity of the remaining cotyledon of CC exhibited over-compensatory growth. In contrast, seedlings of CC had under-compensatory growth in seedling height, root length, seedling mass, and root to shoot ratio. However, the traits of remnant cotyledon and seedling in CL treatment exhibited equal-compensatory growth. Net photosynthetic rate of the cotyledon of CC was significantly higher than those of CL and CG treatments, and the diurnal changes in photosynthetic rates showed significantly different patterns which were unimodal curve (CC) and bimodal curve (CL and CG), respectively. There was no significant difference between CL and CG treatment. Net photosynthetic rate of the primary leaf of CL was significantly higher than that of CG treatment. However, the photosynthetic rates of primary leaves of CL and CG treatments showed similar photosynthetic patterns characterized by a bimodal curve. P. purpurea seedlings used a compensatory growth strategy in the remaining cotyledon or the primary leaf to resist leaf loss and minimize any adverse effects.
A fast implementation of the Labeled Multi-Bernoulli filter using gibbs sampling (2017)

This paper proposes a fast implementation of the Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (LMB) filter based on a joint prediction and update scheme. The joint calculation prevents the treatment of insignificant hypotheses, e.g. considering the disappearance of an object with high existence probability which additionally generated a precise measurement in the received measurement set. Further, a Gibbs sampling approach for generating association hypotheses is presented which drastically reduces the computational complexity compared to Murty's ranked-assignment algorithm. The proposed Gibbs sampling implementation is compared to the standard implementation of the LMB filter using two scenarios: tracking vehicles using a multi-sensor setup on a German highway and extended object tracking in an urban scenario using Velodyne data.
A 25–75-MHz RF MEMS Tunable Filter (2007)

This paper presents a state-of-the-art discrete RF microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) tunable filter designed for 25-75-MHz operation. This paper also presents an enhanced model of the RF MEMS switch, which is used for accurate prediction of the tunable filter response. The two-pole lumped-element filter is based on digital capacitor banks with on-chip metal-contact RF MEMS switches and lumped inductors, and results in a tuning range of 3:1 with fine frequency resolution, and a return loss better than 13 dB for the entire tuning range. The relative bandwidth of the filter is 4 plusmn 1% over the tuning range and the insertion loss is 3-5 dB, limited mostly by the inductor Q and the switch loss. The IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> measurements prove that tunable filters with metal-contact series RF MEMS switches show extremely linear behavior (IIP <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> > 68 dBm).
NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS WITH INSECT HORMONE ACTIVITY. 5. SPECIFIC JUVENILE HORMONE EFFECTS IN ALIPHATIC SESQUITERPENES (1970)

The juvenile hormone activity of ethyl or methyl esters of aliphatic sesquiterpenic acids with 0 to 4 double bonds was tested on 8 species of insects belonging to 5 families of Hemiptera and Coleoptera. Special attention was paid to the addition of hydrogen chloride or epoxide groups on or across the double bonds. Certain chemical changes in the molecule appear to cause a general increase of the activity in all species studied. These are: the presence of 2,3 unsaturation conjugated with the carboxyl group; the trans stereochemical position of the C-3 methyl; an introduction of 10,11 epoxide or hydrochloride; and esterification with ethyl rather than with methyl. There are also chemical changes which lead to genus- or family-specific variations in juvenile hormone activity. With increasing amount of unsaturation the activity either remains almost unaffected (pyrrhocorid bugs) or increases (pentatomid bugs) or decreases considerably (tenebrionid and dermestid beetles). The addition of hydrogen chloride or epoxide to the 6,7 double bond causes enormous increase in the activity in the Pyrrhocoridae and Lygaeidae, no considerable change in the Pentatomidae, and great decreases in the beetles and Lepidoptera.
Joint IETF and ITU-T Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Transport Profile process (2009)

The decision to develop a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
Transport Profile in cooperation between IETF and ITU-T does not fully
defines and document process for development the required RFCs. This
document complements the process as documented in the JWT decision
with a couple of separate elements o An adaptation of the IETF
working group process. o Identifies the expected participation in the
process by the ITU-T. o A clarification of the decision rules
regarding MPLS-TP documents. This document does not intend specify
any ITU-T process, to the extent that is necessary it will be done
according to ITU-T processes.
Hyperkalaemia in the age of aldosterone antagonism (2012)

Hyperkalaemia is well recognized as a medical emergency. However, with the publication of trials showing benefit with renin-aldosterone axis suppression in heart failure, the epidemiology of patients presenting with hyperkalaemia has changed. The reported incidence of rate of serious hyperkalaemia (>6.0 mEq/l of potassium) ranges from 6 to 12% in patients on spironolactone with congestive cardiac failure (CCF). A rational choice of therapy based on present evidence is different from the traditionally used algorithm, given our understanding of the physiology relevant to this patient group. This article discusses the changing face of hyperkalaemia and the present evidence and discusses options in treatment of hyperkalaemia.
Functional Specificity of Ras Isoforms: So Similar but So Different (2011)

H-ras, N-ras, and K-ras are canonical ras gene family members frequently activated by point mutation in human cancers and coding for 4 different, highly related protein isoforms (H-Ras, N-Ras, K-Ras4A, and K-Ras4B). Their expression is nearly ubiquitous and broadly conserved across eukaryotic species, although there are quantitative and qualitative differences of expression depending on the tissue and/or developmental stage under consideration. Extensive functional studies have determined during the last quarter century that these Ras gene products are critical components of signaling pathways that control eukaryotic cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. However, because of their homology and frequent coexpression in various cellular contexts, it remained unclear whether the different Ras proteins play specific or overlapping functional roles in physiological and pathological processes. Initially, their high degree of sequence homology and the observation that all Ras isoforms share common sets of downstream effectors and upstream activators suggested that they were mostly redundant functionally. In contrast, the notion of functional specificity for each of the different Ras isoforms is supported at present by an increasing body of experimental observations, including 1) the fact that different ras isoforms are preferentially mutated in specific types of tumors or developmental disorders; 2) the different transforming potential of transfected ras genes in different cell contexts; 3) the distinct sensitivities exhibited by the various Ras family members for modulation by different GAPs or GEFs; 4) the demonstration that different Ras isoforms follow distinct intracellular processing pathways and localize to different membrane microdomains or subcellular compartments; 5) the different phenotypes displayed by genetically modified animal strains for each of the 3 ras loci; and 6) the specific transcriptional networks controlled by each isoform in different cellular settings.
Deubiquitinase USP13 maintains glioblastoma stem cells by antagonizing FBXL14-mediated Myc ubiquitination (2016)

Glioblastoma is the most lethal brain tumor and harbors glioma stem cells (GSCs) with potent tumorigenic capacity. The function of GSCs in tumor propagation is maintained by several core transcriptional regulators including c-Myc. c-Myc protein is tightly regulated by posttranslational modification. However, the posttranslational regulatory mechanisms for c-Myc in GSCs have not been defined. In this study, we demonstrate that the deubiquitinase USP13 stabilizes c-Myc by antagonizing FBXL14-mediated ubiquitination to maintain GSC self-renewal and tumorigenic potential. USP13 was preferentially expressed in GSCs, and its depletion potently inhibited GSC proliferation and tumor growth by promoting c-Myc ubiquitination and degradation. In contrast, overexpression of the ubiquitin E3 ligase FBXL14 induced c-Myc degradation, promoted GSC differentiation, and inhibited tumor growth. Ectopic expression of the ubiquitin-insensitive mutant T58A-c-Myc rescued the effects caused by FBXL14 overexpression or USP13 disruption. These data suggest that USP13 and FBXL14 play opposing roles in the regulation of GSCs through reversible ubiquitination of c-Myc.
The HOY Tester-Can IC Testing Go Wireless? (2006)

Test cost is becoming a more and more significant portion of the cost structure in advanced semiconductor products. To address this issue, we propose HOY - a novel wireless test system with enhanced embedded test features. We present the concept, architecture, and test flow for future semiconductor products tested by HOY. Necessary technologies for the success of HOY also are presented, though most of which require further investigation. A preliminary demonstration system has been constructed, and experiments are being conducted
Albumen protein and functional properties of gelation and foaming (2006)

Hen eggwhite proteins have been extensively utilized as ingredients in food processing because of their unique functional properties, such as gelling and foaming. This work reviews the molecular basis of the eggwhite proteins targeting the development of these functional properties during processing.
A 5-V CMOS line controller with 16-bit audio converters (2002)

A 5-V CMOS line controller including 96-dB D/A and 100-dB A/D converters is described. A DC-feed controller synthesizes adjustable line characteristics. The audio converter performances, such as 16-b dynamic range or 15-b A/D linearity, and their stability with respect to process and operating condition variations demonstrate the efficiency and the robustness of the selected design techniques. These are a tone-tolerant second-order delta-sigma modulator design, a 2-b D/A conversion scheme, a clock-feedthrough compensation technique, and a two-stage amplifier with noise bandwidth limitation in the switches. Converter performances, DC-feed controller absolute accuracy, and programmability match new line card design targets and indicate that this circuit is viable for large volume production.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification of an immunodominant and highly immunopathogenic determinant in the retinal interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP). (1989)

Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP), a glycoprotein specific for the retina and pineal gland, induces inflammatory changes in these two organs in immunized animals. We report here on the identification of an immunodominant determinant of bovine IRBP that is highly immunogenic and immunopathogenic in the Lewis rat. The peptide, which comprises the sequence 1169-1191 of bovine IRBP, was shown to be immunodominant by its capacity to stimulate lymphocytes sensitized against whole IRBP. A comparison was made between peptide 1169-1191 and another peptide, 1158-1180, which is nondominant but is immunogenic and immunopathogenic in the Lewis rat. Peptide 1169-1191 was found to be superior in its immunological capacities; the minimal dose of 1169-1191 needed to induce cellular immune response or disease in Lewis rats (0.02-0.1 nmol/rat) is congruent to 1,000 times smaller than that of 1158-1180. In addition, unlike the ocular disease induced by 1158-1180, the disease produced by 1169-1191 resembled that induced by whole IRBP in its kinetics and histopathological features. The immunological activity of 1169-1191 in the Lewis rat was localized to the 10 residues at the COOH terminus; no such activity was exhibited by the truncated peptide 1169-1188, which comprises the 20 residues at the NH2 terminus of the full peptide. The usefulness of this unique experimental system in analyzing the role of immunodominance in peptide immunogenicity and immunopathogenicity is underscored.
Implementation of a Capstone Pharmacotherapeutics Course in the Entry-level Doctor of Pharmacy Program (2002)

This project was to implement a ”capstone” pharma- cotherapeutics course to: (1) Develop students’ ability in assemblingknowledge from previous courses; (2) Expose students to different aspects of pharmacypractice. The course consisted of 3-h lecture, 1-h recitation and 1-h group project per week. Topics covered include: patient management issues in ambulatory care, critical care, long term care and hospice care, and providing pharrnaceu- ticalconsultation.Students were dividedinto groups and assigned projects to complete and present towards the end of the semester. Projects included developing drug formulary kits, medication utilization criteria, education symposiums and providing medical-legal and market- ing consultation. Overall, students performed well in the course (class average 84%). Students provided neutral feedback to whether the course had achieved its objectives. More assessment in problem-solving skills and student feedback needs to be obtained in order to justify whether this course helps students to apply the growing body of pharmaceuticalknowledge.
Hydrogen diffusion at moderate temperatures in p-type Czochralski silicon (2004)

In plasma-hydrogenated p-type Czochralski silicon, rapid thermal donor (TD) formation is achieved, resulting from the catalytic support of hydrogen. The n-type counter doping by TD leads to a p-n junction formation. A simple method for the indirect determination of the diffusivity of hydrogen via applying the spreading resistance probe measurements is presented. Hydrogen diffusion in silicon during both plasma hydrogenation and post-hydrogenation annealing is investigated. The impact of the hydrogenation duration, annealing temperature, and resistivity of the silicon wafers on the hydrogen diffusion is discussed. Diffusivities of hydrogen are determined in the temperature range 270–450°C. The activation energy for the hydrogen diffusion is deduced to be 1.23eV. The diffusion of hydrogen is interpreted within the framework of a trap-limited diffusion mechanism. Oxygen and hydrogen are found to be the main traps.
The Female Gaze in W.B. Yeats's "The Wind among the Reeds" (2004)

1899年に発表されたW.B.Yeatsの詩集“Wind among the Reeds”においては恋愛にまつわる詩がその大部分を占めている。この一連の恋愛詩は彼の自叙伝的事実に基づいている。Yeatsにとって生涯を通じての詩神であったMaud Gonneとの実らぬ恋の果て、彼は1896年、Olivia Shakespeareと束の間の恋に落ちる。この刹那的な恋の始まり、そしてその終わりにもMaud Gonneの存在が大きな影を落としている。本論文では、この擬似三角関係を通じてYeatsの自己意識がいかに開かれていくかが「女性の視線」を中心として論じられる。\nStephen Kernは、彼の著書Eyes of Love：The Gaze in English and French Paintings and Novels 1840-1900で、ビクトリア朝期の絵画、小説を題材に女性の視線、“the female gaze”について分析している。ビクトリア朝といえば父権制度が圧倒的権勢を誇り、その下で虐げられ、主体性を奪われていく女性の姿で溢れているかのようだが、Kernは敢えてそうした文脈に反証を突きつける。彼は社会制度を背景とした男性の優位性そのものを否定しているわけではない。ただその優位性を人間生活のすべての領域に敷衍して論じきってしまうことに異議を唱えているのである。\n男性の優位性がものの見事にその効力を失ってしまう人間経験の局面として、Kernは愛の領域、“the sphere of love”を掲げる。そこでは男性の支配などものともしない女性の主体が、彼女達の視線を通して主張されるのである。19世紀未に発表された“Wind among the Reeds”の恋愛詩にもこの女性の視線が溢れている。本論で特に注目したのはOlivia Shakespeareの視線と、Maud Gonneをその典拠としながらも、より包括的な女性性を湛えた視線である。理想の恋を虚構の中に再構築せんとするYeatsの自意識を、この2つの視線は見つめ、その欺瞞をたしなめる。やがてその自意識は自己完結を放棄し、新たな自己認識へと連れ出されるのである。
A Survey of Techniques for Cache Partitioning in Multicore Processors (2017)

As the number of on-chip cores and memory demands of applications increase, judicious management of cache resources has become not merely attractive but imperative. Cache partitioning, that is, dividing cache space between applications based on their memory demands, is a promising approach to provide capacity benefits of shared cache with performance isolation of private caches. However, naively partitioning the cache may lead to performance loss, unfairness, and lack of quality-of-service guarantees. It is clear that intelligent techniques are required for realizing the full potential of cache partitioning. In this article, we present a survey of techniques for partitioning shared caches in multicore processors. We categorize the techniques based on important characteristics and provide a bird’s eye view of the field of cache partitioning.
<title>Frequency dependence of the ablation of pig tissue with an IR-FEL: a microspectroscopic analysis</title> (1999)

Ablation of human tissue with an infrared laser tuned to the amide II band of proteins has proven to be especially efficient, with reduced collateral damage. In order to check for a specific non-thermal effect at this wavelength, we have irradiated pig tissues at different frequencies, corresponding to the amide I, amide II and phosphate ones, with a free-electron laser, and analyzed the damaged area using an infrared microspectrometer. The observation of a relative weakening of the relative peak intensity of the amide II band when irradiation has been tuned into its resonant frequency tends to demonstrate that the ablation process should be enhanced due to a resonant denaturation of structural proteins.
The Influence of Normal Human IgG and of Thyroid-Stimulating Antibody (TSAb) on the Binding of Thyrotropin to Thyroid Plasma Membranes (1978)

The influence of serum IgG from normal and Graves' disease subjects on the binding of 125I-thyrotropin to isolated thyroid membranes was studied. IgG from either source inhibited binding in a concentration -dependent fashion. Human membranes were more sensitive to the human IgG than were bovine thyroid membranes and, when membranes were purified by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation, they were more sensitive than were those less-purified, obtained by differential centrifugation. Using a Dixon plot, inhibition by normal IgG showed non-competitive kinetics. Fab fragments were more effective, on an equimolar basis, than was intact normal IgG, but were less potent when Graves' disease IgG was the parent molecule; this difference implies distinct modes of inhibition of thyrotropin-binding. The degree of inhibition by normal IgG was variable so that multiple control preparations are required to assess the additional effect characteristic of IgG from the subject with Graves' disease.