gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantifying Fluid Infusions and Tissue Expansion in Brain (2011)

The technique of direct infusions into brain tissue of therapeutic molecules that would otherwise not adequately cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) continues to be used in clinical trials. As part of our research into understanding the transport of fluids and molecules in brain tissue, we performed infusions of a saline solution of the magnetic resonance (MR) marker Gadodiamide (Omniscan) into porcine brains. We use quantitative concentration measurements of contrast reagents from MR images to both measure the distribution profile of the infusate and to elucidate important determinants of fluid flow during infusions into brain parenchyma. Based on this, and from other MRI data collected during infusion, we give preliminary results for the quantification of the expansion of the volume fraction of the interstitium particularly in white matter regions of brain during infusion-induced edema. We claim this expansion, rather than an anisotropy of fluid conductivity, makes white matter tracts a preferred pathway for flow. We also comment briefly on other determinants that are currently being pursued such as the influence of the cerebrospinal fluid and perivascular spaces that may be elucidated with quantitative tracking of tracer, but which need further studies
Mechanical Thrombectomy of Major and Massive Pulmonary Embolism with Use of the Amplatz Thrombectomy Device (2001)

Mechanical thrombectomy with the ATD in patients with minor and major pulmonary embolism is technically feasible and safe. It is a potential alternative to drug-mediated thrombolysis and surgery. However, the incremental benefit of the ATD over conventional treatments could be shown only in a randomized controlled study.
Sigles et acronymes (2012)

Asean: Association of Southeast Asian Nations Cald: Council of asian liberals and democrats CfBT: Centre for British Teachers CPF: Central Provision Fund (Singapour) CSIS: Centre for Security and International Studies (Indonésie) DAP: Democratic Action Party (Malaisie) EFN: Economic Freedom Network FDP: Freie Demokratische Partei, Parti libéral-démocrate (Allemagne) FNF/FNS: Friedrich Naumann Foundation/Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (Allemagne) GAM: Gerakan Aceh Merdeka (Mouvement pour l’indépen...
Oxidation of ethanol and acetaldehyde over alumina-supported catalysts (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of ethanol and acetaldehyde over alumina-supported catalystsRobert W. McCabe and Patricia J. MitchellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1983, 22, 2, 212–217Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300010a009https://doi.org/10.1021/i300010a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views676Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fast, Scalable Disk Imaging with Frisbee. (2003)

Rights to individual papers remain with the author or the author&apos;s employer. Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes. This copyright notice must be included in the reproduced paper. USENIX acknowledges all trademarks herein.
The effect of ribbon rotor geometry on blade response and stability. (1966)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Thesis. 1966. M.S.
Texture analysis of IKONOS panchromatic data for Douglas-fir forest age class separability in British Columbia (2001)

This Letter presents the results of textural separability tests obtained by first- and second-order texture methods on different aged Douglas-fir stands in IKONOS panchromatic imagery acquired 3 June 2000 over the Sooke River watershed in British Columbia. The effects of different measures and window sizes on the textural separability are discussed. Small windows sizes were not as effective in separating stands as larger windows sizes. Second-order (spatial co-occurrence homogeneity) texture values were the most effective in distinguishing between age classes. A first-order (variance) texture measure, though still useful, provided less separability.
New Growth Conditions for the c-Axis Oriented NdBa<sub>2</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>O<sub>x</sub> Films by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Lower Substrate Temperature and Higher Oxygen Pressure (1999)

The substrate temperature at which the c -axis oriented NdBa 2 Cu 3 O x (NdBCO) film grows is 80–100°C higher than that for the c -axis oriented YBa 2 Cu 3 O x (YBCO). This is a drawback of composing multilayers for device applications although NdBCO has crystalline and superconductive properties superior to those of YBCO. We successfully grew the c -axis oriented NdBCO films in the temperature range lower than that for the a -axis preferred oriented film at a high oxygen pressure by pulsed laser deposition. The optimum c -axis oriented growth condition was determined as follows: substrate temperature is 790°C, oxygen pressure 900 mTorr, and laser energy density 0.5 J/cm 2 .
Fertilization and early embryology: The presence of multinucleated blastomeres in human embryos is correlated with chromosomal abnormalities (1996)

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the presence of one or more multinucleated blastomeres during early embryonic development is associated with chromosomal abnormalities in sibling blastomeres of that embryo. Embryos with multinucleated cells (n = 47) detected on day 2 or 3 or development were compared to dividing embryos without multinucleation. Arrested embryos were excluded from this study. Chromosome abnormalities were detected using fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) with X, Y, 18 and 13/21 chromosome-specific probes. Of 47 embryos included in this study, 76.6% were chromosomally abnormal, compared to 50.9% in the control group (P < 0.001). Excluding aneuploidy, which is originated in the gametes and not the embryo, the differences were even higher, with 74.5% of multinucleated embryos being chromosomally abnormal compared to 32.3% of non-multinucleated embryos (P < 0.001). Day of multinucleation appearance, number of nuclei per cell, number of multinucleated cells per embryo and developmental quality of the embryos as well as the type of fertilization (intracytoplasmic sperm injection versus standard insemination) were not found to affect the rate of chromosomal abnormalities in embryos with multinucleated cells. These results suggest that embryos with multinucleated cells may not be suitable for replacement and should be excluded unless no other embryos are available.
Distance, flow and <scp>PCR</scp> inhibition: e<scp>DNA</scp> dynamics in two headwater streams (2014)

Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection has emerged as a powerful tool for monitoring aquatic organisms, but much remains unknown about the dynamics of aquatic eDNA over a range of environmental conditions. DNA concentrations in streams and rivers will depend not only on the equilibrium between DNA entering the water and DNA leaving the system through degradation, but also on downstream transport. To improve understanding of the dynamics of eDNA concentration in lotic systems, we introduced caged trout into two fishless headwater streams and took eDNA samples at evenly spaced downstream intervals. This was repeated 18 times from mid-summer through autumn, over flows ranging from approximately 1-96 L/s. We used quantitative PCR to relate DNA copy number to distance from source. We found that regardless of flow, there were detectable levels of DNA at 239.5 m. The main effect of flow on eDNA counts was in opposite directions in the two streams. At the lowest flows, eDNA counts were highest close to the source and quickly trailed off over distance. At the highest flows, DNA counts were relatively low both near and far from the source. Biomass was positively related to eDNA copy number in both streams. A combination of cell settling, turbulence and dilution effects is probably responsible for our observations. Additionally, during high leaf deposition periods, the presence of inhibitors resulted in no amplification for high copy number samples in the absence of an inhibition-releasing strategy, demonstrating the necessity to carefully consider inhibition in eDNA analysis.
On Limitations of Friendly Jamming for Confidentiality (2013)

Wireless communication provides unique security challenges, but also enables novel ways to defend against attacks. In the past few years, a number of works discussed the use of friendly jamming to protect the confidentiality of the communicated data as well as to enable message authentication and access control. In this work, we analytically and experimentally evaluate the confidentiality that can be achieved by the use of friendly jamming, given an attacker with multiple receiving antennas. We construct a MIMO-based attack that allows the attacker to recover data protected by friendly jamming and refine the conditions for which this attack is most effective. Our attack shows that friendly jamming cannot provide strong confidentiality guarantees in all settings. We further test our attack in a setting where friendly jamming is used to protect the communication to medical implants.
Potential and Limitation of HLA-Based Banking of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells for Cell Therapy (2014)

Great hopes have been placed on human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells for therapy. Tissues or organs derived from hPS cells could be the best solution to cure many different human diseases, especially those who do not respond to standard medication or drugs, such as neurodegenerative diseases, heart failure, or diabetes. The origin of hPS is critical and the idea of creating a bank of well-characterized hPS cells has emerged, like the one that already exists for cord blood. However, the main obstacle in transplantation is the rejection of tissues or organ by the receiver, due to the three main immunological barriers: the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), the ABO blood group, and minor antigens. The problem could be circumvented by using autologous stem cells, like induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, derived directly from the patient. But iPS cells have limitations, especially regarding the disease of the recipient and possible difficulties to handle or prepare autologous iPS cells. Finally, reaching standards of good clinical or manufacturing practices could be challenging. That is why well-characterized and universal hPS cells could be a better solution. In this review, we will discuss the interest and the feasibility to establish hPS cells bank, as well as some economics and ethical issues.
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Kamebakaurin in<i>in vivo</i>Animal Models (2004)

We have identified kamebakaurin as an inhibitor of NF-KB and elucidated its molecular mechanism as a specific inhibitor in the DNA-binding activity of the p50 subunit of NF-KB. Here, we describe its anti-inflammatory activity in in vitro and in vivo models. Kamebakaurin dose-dependently inhibited not only the expression of inflammatory NF-KB target genes such as iNOS,COX-2, and TNF-x, but also the production of PGE2 and TNF-a in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, in an air pouch model of inflammation, it suppressed the recruitment of neutrophils,production of TNF-a as well as PGE2 in the pouch exudates induced by carrageenan. In addition, kamebakaurin dose-dependently suppressed the inflammation in an adjuvant arthritis model. Oral administration of 20 mg/kg kamebakaurin resulted in the 75% decrease of paw volume. Taken together, kamebakaurin, a specific inhibitor of DNA-binding activity of the p50 subunit, is a valuable candidate for the intervention in NF-KB-dependent pathological conditions such as inflammation.
Prediction method for tire air-pumping noise using a hybrid technique (2006)

Air-pumping noise from a car tire is investigated with a hybrid technique composed of three stages: (1) small-scale air-pumping noise generation process is modeled as a piston-like movement of the base-side of the tire groove and then numerically simulated; (2) the flow properties in the tire groove are used as air-pumping sources and noise propagation is simulated with emphasis placed on scattering process with full tire/road geometry; (3) the far-field acoustic pressure is predicted from a Kirchhoff integral method by using unsteady flow data in space and time which is provided by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation of full tire-road domain. The comparison of predicted results shows that the nonlinearity of the air-pumping noise generation mechanism affects not only noise characteristics in frequency domain but also in the directivity pattern. It seems that this approach can overcome the weakness of the acoustic monopole theory which stems from the usual assumption of a small amplitude acoustic wave equation while using nonlinear governing equation for the CFD calculation. Furthermore, through the use of a computational domain which covers tire and road surface, the geometric effects on air-pumping noise generation and propagation are taken into account in the source modeling process.
TASM: Top-k Approximate Subtree Matching (2010)

We consider the Top-k Approximate Subtree Matching (TASM) problem: finding the k best matches of a small query tree, e.g., a DBLP article with 15 nodes, in a large document tree, e.g., DBLP with 26M nodes, using the canonical tree edit distance as a similarity measure between subtrees. Evaluating the tree edit distance for large XML trees is difficult: the best known algorithms have cubic runtime and quadratic space complexity, and, thus, do not scale. Our solution is TASM-postorder, a memory-efficient and scalable TASM algorithm. We prove an upper-bound for the maximum subtree size for which the tree edit distance needs to be evaluated. The upper bound depends on the query and is independent of the document size and structure. A core problem is to efficiently prune subtrees that are above this size threshold. We develop an algorithm based on the prefix ring buffer that allows us to prune all subtrees above the threshold in a single postorder scan of the document. The size of the prefix ring buffer is linear in the threshold. As a result, the space complexity of TASM-postorder depends only on k and the query size, and the runtime of TASM-postorder is linear in the size of the document. Our experimental evaluation on large synthetic and real XML documents confirms our analytic results.
Design for single-mode asymmetric quarter-wavelength-shifted DFB laser with high differential efficiency (1987)

An asymmetric quarter-wavelength-shifted DFB laser which has high differential efficiency and a large threshold gain difference under high-power operation has been designed taking the spatial hole-burning effect into account. The optimum kL was found to be about 1.4 in the laser, which has an asymmetry S/L of 0.15, where S is the distance from the centre to the phase shift position and L is the laser length.
Some Derivatives of Ethylbenzene. (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome Derivatives of Ethylbenzene.Karl Altau, James G. Beasley, Herbert J. Pine, Richard H. Crawford, William T. Tucker, Alfred D. Brown Jr., and Julius D. CappsCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1963, 8, 1, 122–130Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je60016a038https://doi.org/10.1021/je60016a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views243Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A slightly shorter route to carbocyclic nucleosides. Synthesis of (±)‐<i>trans</i>‐1‐[2‐(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylmethyl]uracil (1999)

Abstract (±)‐ trans ‐1‐[2‐(Hydroxymethyl)cyclopentylmethyl]uracil ( 1 ) was prepared in two steps and 56% yield from 2‐hydroxymethylcyclopentylmethylamine (7) and 3‐methoxy‐2‐propenoylisocyanate ( 6 ). Isocyanate 6 was prepared from methyl 3‐methoxy‐2‐propenoate in four steps and 38% overall yield.
Eine enzymlabile Ankergruppe für organische Synthesen an polymeren Trägern (1998)

Lipasen und Esterasen spalten die als Linker für die organische Festphasensynthese verwendete 4-Acetyloxybenzyloxy-Gruppe (siehe rechts). Diese enzymvermittelte Fragmentierung läuft unter sehr milden Bedingungen ab (pH 6–7, Raumtemperatur), wobei die durch kombinatorische Synthese aufgebauten Zielverbindungen (Amine, Alkohole oder Carbonsäuren; × = NH, O, CR2) hochselektiv freigesetzt werden.
<i>Leishmania major</i>: Cell type dependent distribution of a 43 kDa antigen related to silent information regulatory‐2 protein family (1998)

In previous studies we have characterized several Leishmania major polypeptides and showed that one member of this group (LmSIR2rp) shared significant homology to silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a protein playing a role in both telomeric and mating type loci repression in these organisms. In the present study, by using molecular and immunological approaches, we could identify LmSIR2rp homologues in different Leishmania species and developmental stages (e.g. logarithmic (LP) and stationary phase promastigotes (SP) and amastigotes). The reactive antigen was also detected in Trypanosoma cruzi extracts. Surprisingly, immunofluorescence assays revealed that LmSIR2rp is associated mainly with cytoplasmic granules of different sizes and numbers depending on the life stage of the parasite used. No reactivity was observed in the nucleus, in agreement with the Western blot showing an absence of immunoreactivity of anti-LmSIR2rp immune serum against parasite nuclear extracts. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled promastigote antigens after pulse chase experiments, using anti-LmSIR2rp fusion protein antibodies, showed that the protein is among parasite excreted-secreted antigens (ESA). Moreover, immunofluorescence assays conducted with short time incubations of either purified LmSIR2rp or viable promastigotes with murine macrophages, revealed that LmSIR2rp could be bound to the macrophage surface. The unexpected cytoplasmic localization of LmSIR2rp and its presence in ESA may suggest a new mode of action for silent information regulatory factor homologues.
Time-optimal control of flexible structures (1990)

It is shown that the time-optimal control, for rest-to-rest maneuvers of a one-bending-mode model of a flexible structure is bang-bang with at most three switches and is symmetric about the second switch. For the case with damping, optimal reversal and maneuver times are calculated for a normalized system for several damping ratios. Since these times can be scaled for frequency and control authority, these results can be used to interpolate for times of any damping ratio. The variation of the optimal slewing times with structural frequency and damping ratio is presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pore structure of cadmium oxide (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPore structure of cadmium oxideRaouf S. Mikhail and Aida M. KamelCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 7, 2213–2216Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100727a018https://doi.org/10.1021/j100727a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Biodegradation of p -aminoazobenzene by Bacillus subtilis under aerobic conditions (1997)

Biological oxidation of organic dyes is important for textile industry wastewater treatment. The aim of this work was to assess the biodegradation kinetics of a specific azo-dye, p-aminoazobenzene. The degradation of p-aminoazobenzene by Bacillus subtilis was examined through batch experiments in order to investigate the effect of p-aminoazobenzene on the bacterial growth rate and elucidate the mechanism of dye degradation. The results proved that B. subtilis cometabolizes p-aminoazobenzene in the presence of glucose as carbon source, producing aniline and pphenylenediamine as the nitrogen-nitrogen double bond is broken. The azo-dye was found to act as an inhibitor to microbial growth. A mathematical model was developed that describes cellular growth, glucose utilization, paminoazobenzene degradation and product formation.