gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CHS2, a chitin synthase gene from the oomycete Saprolegnia monoica (1997)

PCR was used to amplify fragments corresponding to the chitin synthase (CHS) genes from the Oomycetes Saprolegnia monoica, Phytophthora capsici and Achlya ambisexualis, utilizing as primers, oligonucleotides designed from the conserved region of CHS genes of chitinous fungi. Chitin synthase homologues were found in the three cellulosic fungi. The chitin synthase 2 gene (CHS2) from S. monoica was cloned, sequenced and characterized. The amino acid sequence deduced from the CHS2 genomic DNA revealed several domains, corresponding to the catalytic domains and polypeptide signatures, of high identity with CHS genes from chitinous fungi. Existence of a CHS gene family in S. monoica was supported by the identification of two CHS sequences among the PCR products, the localization of CHS homologues on two chromosomes, and the detection of two transcripts in mycelia and protoplasts. Polyclonal anti-chitin synthase antibodies raised against the N-terminal and the neutral fragments of the CHS2 products revealed, respectively, two and four proteins in membrane fractions and a truncated active form in entrapped product. The overall comparison of the structure and organization of CHS genes indicates that in spite of their divergent evolution, Oomycetes and chitinous fungi have evolved with conserved chitin synthase systems.
Emergent Patterns of Feedback Strategies in Performing a Closed Motor Skill (2001)

This sturdy identified self-chosen patterns of feedback usage and how they influenced accuracy and consistency in performing a closed motor skill. Learners completed 100 practice trials with 25 opportunities to receive knowledge of results (KR), the timing of which was self-chosen, followed by 25 no KR retention trials. The study identified two patterns of self-chosen KR, namely, a faded frequency pattern and a reversed faded frequency pattern. Analyses of variance indicated a significant trial block effect for accuracy in acquisition and no significant main effects or interactions associated with self-chosen patterns of KR. Quantification of regularity of KR patterns yielded correlations indicating that less regularity was associated with greater accuracy in performing the task. These results were congruent with previous research on self chosen feedback.
Ethnic differences in pain, itch and thermal detection in response to topical capsaicin: African Americans display a notably limited hyperalgesia and neurogenic inflammation (2009)

Our observations indicate that African Americans display a limited hypersensitivity following topical capsaicin, compared with the three other ethnic groups.
Synthesis of [<sup>32</sup>P]labelled 1‐O‐alkyl‐2‐desoxy‐2‐amino‐<i>sn</i>′‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholines (1994)

Abstract The syntheses of N‐substituted 1‐O‐alkyl‐2‐desoxy‐2‐amino‐ sn ‐glycero‐3‐[ 32 P]phosphocholines were performed in four steps starting from [ 32 P] POCl 3 and the corresponding 1‐O‐alkyl‐2‐amino‐propane‐3‐ols in 5‐7% total yield.
Compact linear lead/lag metamaterial phase shifters for broadband applications (2003)

A compact one-dimensional phase shifter is proposed using alternating sections of negative refractive index (NRI) metamaterials and printed transmission lines (TL). The NRI metamaterial sections consist of lumped element capacitors and inductors, arranged in a dual TL (high-pass) configuration. By adjusting the NRI-medium lumped element values, the phase shift can be tailored to a given specification. Periodic analysis is applied to the structure and design equations are presented for the determination of the lumped element parameters for any arbitrary phase shift. To validate the design, various phase shifters are simulated and tested in coplanar waveguide (CPW) technology. It is demonstrated that small variations in the NRI-medium lumped element values can produce positive, negative or 0/spl deg/ phase shifts while maintaining the same short overall length. Thus, the new phase shifter offers some significant advantages over conventional delay lines: it is more compact in size, it exhibits a linear phase response around the design frequency, it can incur a phase lead or lag which is independent of the length of the structure and it exhibits shorter group delays.
ApoE, Alzheimer's Disease, and Recovery from Brain Stress<sup>a</sup> (1997)

Apolipoprotein E (APOE, gene; ApoE, protein) is the major genetic susceptibility locus for the common forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are three common polymorphisms in the population: epsilon 2, epsilon 3, and epsilon 4. The inheritance of each dose of epsilon 4 increases the risk and lowers the age of onset distribution for AD; epsilon 2 lowers the risk and increases the age of onset distribution. APOE-epsilon 4 has a high positive predictive value for AD, and is clinically useful as an adjunct in the early diagnosis of cognitively impaired patients. The APOE alleles have also been associated with risk of AD with head injury, intraneuronal localization of ApoE in animal stroke models, recovery of function after intracerebral hemorrhage, and recovery of psychological parameters after general cardiac anesthesia. A multifunctional role of ApoE in the brain implicates isoform-specific differences in interactions with several brain proteins including A beta, tau, and MAP-2. Intraneuronal ApoE is increased temporally and in relevant neurons in AD as a function of APOE genotype. Decreased glucose metabolism can be demonstrated by PET imaging in subjects two decades before the median age of onset as a function of APOE genotype. ApoE isoforms may also have different effects as antioxidants. The risk of stroke and vascular dementia has not been confirmed in neuropathological series to be related to specific APOE genotypes.
Development of Resistance against Diketo Derivatives of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Progressive Accumulation of Integrase Mutations (2003)

The diketo acid L-708,906 has been reported to be a selective inhibitor of the strand transfer step of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration process (D. Hazuda, P. Felock, M. Witmer, A. Wolfe, K. Stillmock, J. A. Grobler, A. Espeseth, L. Gabryelski, W. Schleif, C. Blau, and M. D. Miller, Science 287:646-650, 2000). We have now studied the development of antiviral resistance to L-708,906 by growing HIV-1 strains in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound. The mutations T66I, L74M, and S230R emerged successively in the integrase gene. The virus with three mutations (T66I L74M S230R) was 10-fold less susceptible to L-708,906, while displaying the sensitivity of the wild-type virus to inhibitors of the RT or PRO or viral entry process. Chimeric HIV-1 strains containing the mutant integrase genes displayed the same resistance profile as the in vitro-selected strains, corroborating the impact of the reported mutations on the resistance phenotype. Phenotypic cross-resistance to S-1360, a diketo analogue in clinical trials, was observed for all strains. Interestingly, the diketo acid-resistant strain remained fully sensitive to V-165, a novel integrase inhibitor (C. Pannecouque, W. Pluymers, B. Van Maele, V. Tetz, P. Cherepanov, E. De Clercq, M. Witvrouw, and Z. Debyser, Curr. Biol. 12:1169-1177, 2002). Antiviral resistance was also studied at the level of recombinant integrase. Single mutations did not appear to impair specific enzymatic activity. However, 3' processing and strand transfer activities of the recombinant integrases with two (T66I L74M) and three (T66I L74M S230R) mutations were notably lower than those of the wild-type integrase. Although the virus with three mutations was resistant to inhibition by diketo acids, the sensitivity of the corresponding enzyme to L-708,906 or S-1360 was reduced only two- to threefold. As to the replication kinetics of the selected strains, the replication fitness for all strains was lower than that of the wild-type HIV-1 strain.
Rapid Three-Dimensional MR Imaging Using the FLASH Technique (1986)

Fast low-angle shot (FLASH) imaging is a new technique for rapid magnetic resonance (MR) imaging that reduces acquisition times to seconds while retaining spatial resolution. This article deals with a three-dimensional (3D) variant of the FLASH method that allows the recording of a 3D-data set of 128 X 128 X 128 pixels within an acquisition time of only 4 min. The method is demonstrated using a 2.35 T 40 cm bore MR system. Experiments are carried out on rabbit head and human extremities. Depending on the field of view, the isotropic resolution is 1 mm or even less leading to cross-sectional images with a 1 mm slice thickness. In principle, FLASH imaging techniques are applicable to any MR system without the need of major hardware modifications. However, high-speed computers, large storage capacity, and rapid image display routines greatly facilitate an advantageous use of the 3D-FLASH variant.
Diagnosing HIV-associated tuberculosis (2005)

The world has made defeating AIDS a top priority. This is a blessing. But TB remains ignored. Today we are calling on the world to recognise that we can't fight AIDS unless we do much more to fight TB as well.' Nelson Mandela: Media briefing on ‘Confronting
the Joint HIV-TB Epidemics', co-convened by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Thursday 15 July 2004. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine Vol. 6 (2) 2005: pp. 23-26
Improved survival of orthotopic liver allograft in swine by addition of trophic factors to University of Wisconsin solution (2004)

Serum-free preservation media such as University of Wisconsin (UW) may cause tissue damage through trophic factor (TF) deprivation. This study evaluated whether the addition of TFs to UW solution improves liver graft quality after extended cold preservation time in pigs. UW solution was supplemented with epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, nerve growth factor-beta, bactenecin, and substance P to create TF-supplemented (TFS) UW. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed after 18 hr of static cold storage at 4 degrees C in UW (n=7) or TFS-UW (n=7) solution. Recipients of grafts preserved with TFS-UW demonstrated significantly better 5-day survival (57%) than those preserved with UW alone (14%) (P<0.05). Adenosine triphosphate content in grafts preserved in TFS-UW was significantly higher than in grafts preserved in UW (17.4+/-5.0 vs. 4.8+/-1.2 nmol/mg protein, respectively) (P<0.05). This study showed that the addition of TFs to UW solution allowed a significant extension of cold ischemic time in pigs.
Semiconductive Properties of Tetracyanoethylene Complexes and Their Absorption Spectra (1962)

The absorption bands characteristic of the solid molecular complexes of tetracyanoethylene are attributed to the charge transfer interaction between tetracyanoethylene and donor molecules. In the complexes with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons the energy gap associated with the semiconductivity agrees well with the energy of the charge transfer excitation in the crystalline state, while the former is much smaller than the later in the complexes with polymethylbenzenes and azulene.
The Role of Total Laboratory Automation in a Consolidated Laboratory Network (2000)

When properly implemented, automation systems can reduce overall laboratory expenses, enhance patient services, and address the overall concerns facing the laboratory today: job satisfaction, decreased length of stay, and safety. The financial savings realized are primarily a result of labor reductions.
An algorithm for minimizing the Mumford-Shah functional (2009)

In this work we revisit the Mumford-Shah functional, one of the most studied variational approaches to image segmentation. The contribution of this paper is to propose an algorithm which allows to minimize a convex relaxation of the Mumford-Shah functional obtained by functional lifting. The algorithm is an efficient primal-dual projection algorithm for which we prove convergence. In contrast to existing algorithms for minimizing the full Mumford-Shah this is the first one which is based on a convex relaxation. As a consequence the computed solutions are independent of the initialization. Experimental results confirm that the proposed algorithm determines smooth approximations while preserving discontinuities of the underlying signal.
Les preuves de connaissance et leurs preuves de sécurité (1996)

La cryptographie a pour but de garantir des communications sures, par l'intermediaire notamment de protocoles de chiffrement et d'authentification. Mais encore faut-il que les schemas proposes satisfassent les proprietes de securite enoncees face a n'importe quel attaquant. Cette these se propose donc de presenter des schemas cryptographiques prouves surs dans le modele de l'oracle aleatoire. Ce modele, formalise par bellare et rogaway en 1993, a ouvert la voie a des preuves formelles de securite de schemas utilisant des fonctions a sens-unique ou de hachage, qui ne satisfont que des proprietes calculatoires. Tout d'abord, nous proposons un nouveau schema d'identification resistant aux attaques actives base sur un probleme combinatoire np-complet, le probleme des perceptrons permutes. Puis, nous nous interessons aux schemas de signature electronique et de signature en blanc. Pour cela, nous formulons un lemme generique, le lemme de bifurcation. Ce lemme permet, dans un premier temps, de prouver que tout schema de signature derive d'un protocole d'identification a divulgation nulle de connaissance face a un verifieur honnete est existentiellement infalsifiable face aux attaques a messages choisis adaptatives. Une nouvelle version de ce lemme de bifurcation s'applique ensuite au concept plus complexe des signatures en blanc. Nous prouvons alors, pour un grand nombre de schemas de signature en blanc derives de protocoles d'identification a temoin indistinguable, l'impossibilite d'une falsification supplementaire, meme selon des attaques paralleles. Enfin, nous appliquons ces derniers resultats sur les signatures en blanc a la monnaie electronique. Nous presentons alors un schema de monnaie electronique off-line respectant l'anonymat avec des preuves formelles de securite aussi bien pour l'utilisateur que pour la banque
Innovative Environmental Control System for Aircraft (2019)

Erica Zavaglio, United Technologies Research Center, Ireland
Non-cytotoxic polymer vesicles for rapid and efficient intracellular delivery (2008)

We have recently achieved efficient cytosolic delivery by using pH-sensitive poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethylphosphorylcholine)-co-poly(2-(diisopropylamino)ethylmethacrylate) (PMPC-PDPA) diblock copolymers that self-assemble to form vesicles, known as polymersomes, in aqueous solution. It is particularly noteworthy that these diblock copolymers form stable polymersomes at physiological pH but rapidly dissociate below pH 6 to give molecularly-dissolved copolymer chains (unimers). These PMPC-PDPA polymersomes are used to encapsulate nucleic acids for efficient intracellular delivery. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence flow cytometry are used to quantify cellular uptake and to study the kinetics of this process. Finally, we examine how PMPC-PDPA polymersomes affect the viability of primary human cells (human dermal fibroblasts (HDF)), paying particular regard to whether inflammatory responses are triggered.
Suppression of downcoming waves at the ocean bottom with a scalar combination of hydrophone and geophone data (2000)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000Suppression of downcoming waves at the ocean bottom with a scalar combination of hydrophone and geophone dataAuthors: Chanpen SilawongsawatGary F. MargraveChanpen Silawongsawat(CREWES, Geology and Geophysics, University of Calgary) and Gary F. Margrave(CREWES, Geology and Geophysics, University of Calgary)https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815829 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815829FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited ByHigh-resolution seismic processing technique with broadband, wide-azimuth, and high-density seismic data — A case study of thin-sand reservoirs in eastern ChinaQin Su, Huahui Zeng, Yancan Tian, Hailiang Li, Lei Lyu, and Xiaomei Zhang7 July 2021 | Interpretation, Vol. 9, No. 3 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2000ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2000 Pages: 2484 publication data© 2000 Copyright © 2000 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 04 Jan 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Chanpen Silawongsawat and Gary F. Margrave, (2000), "Suppression of downcoming waves at the ocean bottom with a scalar combination of hydrophone and geophone data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1993-1996. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1815829 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Flash Memory Management for Lightweight Storage Systems (2007)

This report describes a management scheme for flash memory-based storage systems. This scheme will be implemented into a flash memory-based FAT file system in the Ramos project running in the Institute of Information Science (IIS). Ramos project targets on building software components for real time and multimedia applications that most of the consumer electronic products can be easily constructed by these software components. The flash memory-based file system is especially important to those products because flash memory is lightweight, shock-resistant, nonvolatile, powerefficient and is wildly used in these products. Flash memory has many advantages. However, the specific erase-operations before writing into flash memory are slow and power-wasted, which usually decrease system performance and consume the limited battery power. In addition to that, the number of flash memory erase cycles is also limited. In order to reduce the number of erase operations needed and to evenly wear flash...
Extracellular Peroxidases Involved in Lignin Degradation by the White Rot Basidiomycete <i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i> (1989)

The white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium secretes two soluble H2O2-requiring peroxidases which are involved in lignin degradation. Both lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) form the oxidized intermediates compound I and compound II. LiP catalyzes the one-electron oxidation of a variety of substrates to generate aryl cation radicals. These radicals undergo subsequent nonenzymic reactions to yield a multiplicity of final products. MnP oxidizes MnII to MnIII which acts as a unique redox couple, and in turn oxidizes phenolic substrates to phenoxy radicals, which undergo subsequent reactions to yield the final products.
High-current and low-voltage operation of metal-base organic transistors with LiF∕Al emitter (2006)

In order to improve the performance and clarify the operation mechanism of the vertical-type metal-base organic transistor with a simple organic/metal/organic layered structure, the influence of the electron injection at the emitter electrode interface on modulation current has been investigated using the several emitter metal electrodes. The low injection barrier resulted in large modulation current. When a LiF∕Al emitter electrode was used for C60 organic semiconductor, this device achieved a high current modulation—exceeding 250mA∕cm2 for a low collector voltage of 3.0V and a base voltage of 1.25V.
Psoralen plus near-ultraviolet light: a possible new method for measuring DNA repair synthesis. (1983)

A new method is proposed to inhibit semiconservative DNA synthesis in cultured cells while DNA repair synthesis is being measured. The cells are treated with the DNA-crosslinking agent Trioxalen (4,5,8-trimethylpsoralen) plus near-ultraviolet light, and consequently 99.5% inhibition of replicative DNA synthesis is achieved. Additional DNA-damaging agents induce thymidine incorporation into the double-stranded regions of the DNA. The new method gave results very similar to those obtained with the benzoylated naphthoylated DEAE (BND) cellulose method using three human fibroblast strains, of which one had deficient capacity for DNA repair synthesis following treatment with gamma rays and methyl methanesulfonate. The advantages of the new method are simplicity and rapidity, as well as the high extent to which replicative DNA synthesis is inhibited.
Delta modulation in DVM design (1972)

Existing digital voltmeters (DVM) do not sell as well as analog types having parallel capabilities for the simple reason that they cost more. Though the DVM has the superior performance to compete in the popular class of instruments, it must sell for less than 100 dollars. This means new thinking and radical alteration in present designs. New thinking developed the delta modulation DVM discussed here; it has high performance and is economical. Performance figures include an input impedance of >100 M/spl Omega/, an accuracy typically 0.3 percent of full scale, and a noise rejection figure of >60 dB at main frequencies >49 Hz. Power consumption is about 600 mW.
The physics of negative differential resistance of an intracavity voltage-controlled absorber in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (1998)

We have constructed a vertical-cavity, surface-emitting laser with a voltage-controlled quantum well absorber in the upper mirror stack. If the lasing wavelength of this device is designed to be slightly longer than the absorber band edge, sharp negative differential resistance can be obtained in the absorber under lasing conditions. We present strong experimental evidence that this behavior arises from redshifting of the absorption excitonic peak due to the quantum confined Stark effect. Design criteria are proposed for applications including high speed modulation and self-pulsation.
Luneberg lenses performance limitations due to fabrication process (2002)

Luneberg lenses are commonly fabricated from a number of constant dielectric concentric shells to approximate the continuous dielectric distribution of the Luneberg lens formula. This paper discusses the relationship between the number of shells and the aperture efficiency as well as the adverse effects that air gaps between layers can have on the lens gain.
Effect of Nutrient Addition on an Oil Reservoir Microbial Population: Implications for Enhanced Oil Recovery (2012)

The increasing demand for petroleum is driving the development of technologies including MEOR (Microbial enhanced oil recovery)-the use of microbes within a reservoir to enhance oil recovery. In this study we initially determined that availablilty of suitable carbon sources was limiting microbial growth and metabolism of an oil reservoir microbial community. Subsequently we identified metabolic processes that are initiated after addition of nutrients that addressed this limitation. Four distinct metabolic pathways were stimulated: (i) fermentation of the added nutrient; (ii) methanogenises of the metabolites of fermentation; (iii) accumulation and decay of biomass; and (iv) oxidation/co-metabolism of petroleum. Biomass, when introduced as a nutrient, led to similar increases in live cell numbers in oil reservoir microcosms as addition of molasses. In addition to acting as a nutrient, disrupted microbial biomass led to formation of oil-water emulsions and significant lowering of the interfacial tension. These results suggest biomass manipulation can play an important role in MEOR.
Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus. IX. Complement-fixing activity of protein A-IgG complexes. (1969)

Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus added to guinea pig serum inactivates the hemolytic complement (C′) of the serum. Preformed aggregates of protein A and guinea pig or human IgG inactivate complement. It is probable that the complement-consuming property of protein A is due to its ability to combine with the Fc part of the IgG, thus rendering the IgG complement-fixing. The possibility that the in vivo sensitivity-promoting activity of protein A is due to its ability to activate the complement system is discussed. A hemagglutination technique was developed in order to determine small amounts of protein A.