gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spectral Emissivities of Tantalum, Platinum, Nickel and Gold as a Function of Temperature, and the Melting Point of Tantalum (1926)

Spectral emissivities of $\mathrm{Ta}$ at 0.665\ensuremath{\mu} and 0.463\ensuremath{\mu} have been determined by (a) the tubular filament, (b) the reflectivity and (c) the comparison at contact methods. For 0.665\ensuremath{\mu} the smoothed values at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 1500\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, and 2700\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K are 0.493, 0.438, and 0.394; for 0.463\ensuremath{\mu}, 0.56, 0.50, and 0.43. While agreeing at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K with the results of Wartenberg and of Coblentz, at incandescence the present values are lower than previous values. Probable sources of error in emissivity determinations are such as to indicate that these lower values are the more reliable. Temperature scale for $\mathrm{Ta}$.---For 0.665\ensuremath{\mu}, the above emissivities lead to the following differences between brightness temperature and true temperature as a function of the brightness temperature: 57\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 1200\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 107\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 1600\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 179\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 2000\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 278\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 2400\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, and 406\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} at 2800\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Melting point of $\mathrm{Ta}$.---Two determinations by the contact method, using tungsten as the known material yielded 3300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. This is higher than previously reported values.Spectral emissivity of $\mathrm{Pt}$ was found to vary linearly with temperature. For 0.665\ensuremath{\mu}, the emissivities at 1200\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 1850\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K are 0.295 and 0.310; for 0.535\ensuremath{\mu} at 1200\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 1600\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 0.325 and 0.335; for 0.460\ensuremath{\mu} at 1600\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 1850\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, 0.375 and 0.390. The emissivity at 0.665\ensuremath{\mu} combined with an observed brightness temperature of 1842\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K checks Hoffman's careful melting-point determination exactly.Spectral emissivity of $\mathrm{Ni}$ (98.8% pure) was found not to change with temperature. For 0.665\ensuremath{\mu}, 0.535\ensuremath{\mu}, and 0.460\ensuremath{\mu}, emissivities of 0.375, 0.425, and 0.450 were obtained.Spectral emissivity of $\mathrm{Au}$ for 0.665\ensuremath{\mu} was found to increase from 0.062 at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to 0.145 at 1300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, for 0.535\ensuremath{\mu} to increase from 0.352 at 300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K to 0.450 at 1300\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K, for 0.460\ensuremath{\mu} to remain constant at 0.633.
Protoplast and Cytoplasmic Membrane Preparations from Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans (1983)

Protoplasts were prepared from Streptococcus sanguis and some S. mutans serotypes by use of lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) under particular conditions: cells had to be grown in DL-threonine (20 mM) and harvested in early exponential phase. The efficiency of protoplast formation was enhanced by two additional steps: plasmolysis (in 12% PEG), prior to addition of lysozyme, and a swirling phase, after the enzymic action. This procedure allowed us to obtain clean protoplasts, with only 0.5% contamination by bacterial cell walls. Up to 90% protoplast lysis was obtained in 0.5 M-NaCl. Cytoplasmic membrane purification was achieved by centrifugation on a glycerol cushion.
An Optimized Union-Find Algorithm Algorithm for Connected Components Labeling Using GPUs (2017)

In this paper, we report an optimized union-find (UF) algorithm that can label the connected components on a 2D image efficiently by employing the GPU architecture. The proposed method contains three phases: UF-based local merge, boundary analysis, and link. The coarse labeling in local merge reduces the number atomic operations, while the boundary analysis only manages the pixels on the boundary of each block. Evaluation results showed that the proposed algorithm speed up the average running time by more than 1.3X.
Optically Active Lactones from a Baeyer–Villiger‐Type Metal‐Catalyzed Oxidation with Molecular Oxygen (1994)

Simple, mild, and enantioselective! Oxygen reacts with ketone 1 in the presence of pivalaldehyde (R  tBu) and a chiral copper complex (cat.*) to give lactone 2 in 47% yield and 69% ee. Other enantioselective Baeyer—Villiger-type oxidations had previously only been achieved with the help of enzymes.
A Model Based on Convolutional Neural Network for Online Transaction Fraud Detection (2018)

Using wireless mobile terminals has become the mainstream of Internet transactions, which can verify the identity of users by passwords, fingerprints, sounds, and images. However, once these identity data are stolen, traditional information security methods will not avoid online transaction fraud. The existing convolutional neural network model for fraud detection needs to generate many derivative features. This paper proposes a fraud detection model based on the convolutional neural network in the field of online transactions, which constructs an input feature sequencing layer that implements the reorganization of raw transaction features to form different convolutional patterns. Its significance is that different feature combinations entering the convolution kernel will produce different derivative features. The advantage of this model lies in taking low dimensional and nonderivative online transaction data as the input. The whole network consists of a feature sequencing layer, four convolutional layers and pooling layers, and a fully connected layer. Verifying with online transaction data from a commercial bank, the experimental results show that the model achieves excellent fraud detection performance without derivative features. And its precision can be stabilized at around 91% and recall can be stabilized at around 94%, which increased by 26% and 2%, respectively, comparing with the existing CNN for fraud detection.
Granularity of locks in a shared data base (1975)

This paper proposes a locking protocol which associates locks with sets of resources. This protocol allows simultaneous locking at various granularities by different transactions. It is based on the introduction of additional lock modes besides the conventional share mode and exclusive mode. The protocol is generalized from simple hierarchies of locks to directed acyclic graphs of locks and to dynamic graphs of locks. The issues of scheduling and granting conflicting requests for the same resource are then discussed. Lastly, these ideas are compared with the lock mechanisms provided by existing data management systems.
Wanderungen in der Marklagergegend: Raumdenotationen für das menschliche Gehirn (1990)

This trial was registered in China clinical trial registration center and the registration number was ChiCTR-INR-17011557.
Identification and Localization of Type IV Collagen Chains in the Inner Ear Cochlea (1998)

Mutations in the genes encoding the alpha3(IV), alpha4(IV) and alpha5(IV) chains of type IV collagen have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alport's syndrome, a hereditary disorder characterized by progressive nephropathy and sensorineural deafness. The known expression of these chains in kidney basement membranes supports the contention that they play a crucial role in the ultrafiltration function. Whether they play a role in auditory signal transduction remains unknown as heretofore, they have not been identified in the inner ear. In the present study, the expression of type IV collagen in cochlea of the inner ear of guinea pigs was determined. All six alpha-chains of type IV collagen were identified by biochemical and immunological methods. By indirect immunofluorescence, alpha1(IV) and alpha2(IV) chains were localized to the spiral limbus, basilar membrane and tectorial membrane. The alpha3(IV), alpha4(IV), alpha5(IV) and alpha6(IV) chains localized exclusively to the tectorial membrane and basilar membrane. These results suggest a possible role of type IV collagen chains in the active tuning of the basilar and tectorial membrane, an essential step in frequency discrimination and amplification of auditory signals.
Plasmonic nanohelix metamaterials with tailorable giant circular dichroism (2013)

Plasmonic nanohelix arrays are shown to interact with electromagnetic fields in ways not typically seen with ordinary matter. Chiral metamaterials (CMMs) with feature sizes small with respect to the wavelength of visible light are a promising route to experimentally achieve such phenomena as negative refraction without the need for simultaneously negative ε and μ. Here we not only show that giant circular dichroism in the visible is achievable with hexagonally arranged plasmonic nanohelix arrays, but that we can precisely tune the optical activity via morphology and lattice spacing. The discrete dipole approximation is implemented to support experimental data.
Rasayana Herbs of Ayurveda to Treat age Related Cognitive Decline: An Update (2016)

Cognitive decline associated with aging could be minor or major neuro-cognitive disorder presenting with progressive intellectual deterioration interfering with day to day activities. Behaviour and personality changes may complicate the life in due course. Significant increase in global prevalence of people aged above 60 years has raised concerns on effective management of old age problems. Age related cognitive deficits and dementia raise to the level of epidemics and established management is yet underway. Principles of preventive health and rasayana (rejuvenative) herbs of Ayurveda are being extensively researched up on for their effectiveness in dementia. In this fourteen such herbs with anti dementia property are discussed with relevant research update. Methods: Herbs like amalaki (Emblica officinalis), hareetaki (Terminalia chebula), haridra (Curcuma longa), manduka parni (Centella asiatica), aindri (Bacopa monniera), yastimadhu (Glycirrhiza glabra), guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), shankhapushpi (Convolvulus pleuricaulis), vacha (Acorus calamus), jyotishmati (Celastrus panniculata), kushmanda (Benincasa hispida), Jatamamsi (Nardostachys jatamamsi), ashvagandha (Withania somnifera) and kapikacchu (Mucuna pruriens (Linn.)) are already proven of their efficacy in experimental and preclinical levels. The contents and research evidences are collected from ayurveda database on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda and Siddha and other authentic literature, Google scholar, Science direct, online and print journals. Discussion: The herbs in discussion mostly act on reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress injury by antioxidant properties and neuro-protective activity. Acetylcholine esterase inhibition, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate antagonism, Dopaminergic activity, Anti-amyloidogenic activity, Inhibition of Tau aggregation, neuroprotection and immune modulation are activity path ways. Tridosha namely Kapha, Pitta and Vata may be viewed to be categorically predominant in initial, middle and final stage of dementia. Selected herbs thus can be specific based on the pathology and relevant dosha predominance. Conclusion: Rasayana herbs with current updates and inferences can serve as an eye-opener for further researches at molecular and clinical aspect.
Dispersal and Phylogenetic Diversity of Nonmarine Picocyanobacteria, Inferred from 16S rRNA Gene and <i>cpcBA</i> -Intergenic Spacer Sequence Analyses (2003)

More than 20 Synechococcus and Cyanobium isolates were obtained from central European subalpine lakes and sequenced for their 16S rRNA gene and part of the phycocyanin operon (cpc), specifically the intergenic spacer (IGS) between cpcB and cpcA, and corresponding flanking regions (cpcBA-IGS). Maximum-likelihood analyses revealed the existence of at least six to seven clusters of nonmarine picocyanobacteria within the picophytoplankton clade and support the conjecture of global dispersal for some closely related picocyanobacterial genotypes.
Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction to Components of Crude Drugs and Plants. II. Extraction of Coumarins, Lignans and Prenylflavonoids (1987)

The supercritical fluid extraction was applied to coumarins, lignans and prenylflavonoids of crude drugs. Scoparone (1) and capillarisin (2), main components of Artemisia capillaris, were easily extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide. Scopoletin (3), fraxidin (6), isofraxidin (7) and fraxinol (8), which have a hydroxyl group on the coumarin skeleton, were also extracted from Fraxinus japonica and F. mandshurica var. japonica, and when ethanol was used as an entrainer, the amounts of these coumarins were comparable to those obtained with boiling methanol. However, esculetin (4) and fraxetin (5) possessing two hydroxyl groups on the coumarin ring, were not extracted even in the presence of ethanol or water as an entrainer. Between two lignans, (+)-fraxiresinol (9) and (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol (10), only the latter was extracted from F. japonica and F. mandshurica var. japonica, with supercritical carbon dioxide by using water or ethanol as an entrainer. Water was more efficient than ethanol as an entrainer for the supercritical extraction of 10, although ethanol was better than water for the extraction of the other compounds in this paper. Extractabilities of the lignans of Forsythia suspensa and F. viridissima, by the supercritical carbon dioxide were similar to those by boiling n-hexane, and similar to those by boiling methanol in the presence of the entrainers. Among the prenylflavonoids in the barks of Morus species, morusin (15) and sanggenon A (19) having less than three hydroxyl groups were extracted without using the entrainers, while those having more than four hydroxyl groups were not extracted even in the presence of entrainers.
Measurement of Elastic Constants of Polycrystals by the Resonance Method in a Cylindrical Specimen (1984)

An analytical method of three-dimensional vibrations on a cylindrical specimen was developed, in order to determine the elastic constants by the resonance method. As trial functions on the Rayleigh-Ritz method of eigenvalue approximation, trigonometrical functions on circumference and Legendre polynomials along a column were used. A finite element method was applied to concentric cylinders divided in the radial direction. Many resonant frequencies in a small cylindrical specimen (φ6×6 mm) were easily measured over 20th of the higher mode by the newly devised techniques. The elastic constants G=26.2 GPa, ν=0.345, E=70.4 GPa of pure aluminum and G=30.2 GPa, ν=0.33, E=80.3 GPa of Al-12%Si eutectic alloy were obtained.
Modular domain structure in the <i>Candida glabrata</i> adhesin Epa1p, a β1,6 glucan‐cross‐linked cell wall protein (2002)

The yeast pathogen Candida glabrata adheres avidly to cultured human epithelial cells. This interaction depends on the expression of EPA1, which encodes a lectin belonging to a large family of GPI-anchored glucan-cross-linked cell wall proteins (GPI-CWPs) found in diverse fungal species. To understand the relationship between different domains of EPA1 and its function, we have mapped functional domains of Epa1p and analysed their contribution to Epa1p function. We found that the N-terminal third of the protein contains the ligand-binding domain, and that the GPI anchor is essential both for cross-linking in the cell wall and for Epa1p-mediated adherence. We also found that the C-terminal Ser/Thr-rich domain, characteristic of many GPI-CWPs, was absolutely essential for function. Although Epa1p derivatives lacking the Ser/Thr domain were expressed abundantly in the cell wall, they were localized to internal layers of the cell wall; such constructs were unable to mediate adherence. The outer layer of the yeast cell wall is known to act as a permeability barrier; we found that the C-terminal Ser/Thr-rich region was absolutely required to project the N-terminal domain of Epa1p through this permeability barrier and into the external environment. Thus, the Ser/Thr-rich domain of Epa1p and, presumably, of other related GPI-CWPs serves an essential structural role in localization of the protein at the external surface of the yeast cell where it can interact with its ligand. In conclusion, Epa1p has a modular structure, with each domain serving a distinct and essential role in the function of the adhesin.
In vitro synthesis of double stranded RNA and measurement of thermal stability: effect of base composition, formamide and ionic strength. (1987)

Double stranded RNA was prepared by transcription of complementary strands followed by annealing. RNA duplexes prepared in this way showed cooperative thermal transition. Thermal denaturation of RNA duplexes of 33%-70% G+C content shows that Tm increases more sharply [0.93 degrees C/(%G+C)] with increase in G+C than that of DNA. Formamide (up to 80%) reduces Tm of RNA duplex linearly, and the rate of reduction is much less than that of DNA. The relation between salt concentration and Tm of double stranded RNA was also determined. The following relationship has been derived based on the above observations: Tm (ds RNA) = 14.88 logM + 0.93 (%G+C) + 67.62 - 0.4 (%Formamide).
Effects of Deoxycoformycin on Adenosine, Inosine, Hypoxanthine, Xanthine, and Uric Acid Release from the Hypoxemic Rat Cerebral Cortex (1988)

The effects of the adenosine deaminase inhibitor, deoxycoformycin, on purine release from the rat cerebral cortex were studied with the cortical cup technique. Deoxycoformycin (5 and 500 micrograms/kg i.v.) enhanced the hypoxia/ischemia-evoked release of adenosine from the cerebral cortex, indicating a marked rise in the adenosine content of interstitial fluid in the cerebral cortex. Inosine and hypoxanthine release were attenuated at the higher dose of deoxycoformycin. Uric acid release into the cortical perfusates was enhanced at the higher dose level. These results demonstrate that low doses of deoxycoformycin can be used to elevate interstitial levels of adenosine in the brain during hypoxia, and to depress the formation of some of its metabolites. The elevation of hypoxia/ischemia-evoked adenosine levels can account for the previously reported potentiation of hypoxia-evoked increases in rat cerebral blood flow after deoxycoformycin administration. The potential therapeutic utility of these findings is discussed.
Effects of Oncogenic Gαq and Gα11 Inhibition by FR900359 in Uveal Melanoma (2018)

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor in adults and often metastasizes to the liver, leaving patients with few options. Recurrent activating mutations in the G proteins, Gα<sub>q</sub> and Gα<sub>11</sub>, are observed in approximately 93% of all uveal melanomas. Although therapeutic intervention of downstream Gα<sub>q/11</sub> targets has been unsuccessful in treating uveal melanoma, we have found that the Gα<sub>q/11</sub> inhibitor, FR900359 (FR), effectively inhibits oncogenic Gα<sub>q/11</sub> signaling in uveal melanoma cells expressing either mutant Gα<sub>q</sub> or Gα<sub>11</sub>. Inhibition of oncogenic Gα<sub>q/11</sub> by FR results in cell-cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, colony formation is prevented by FR treatment of uveal melanoma cells in 3D-cell culture, providing promise for future <i>in vivo</i> studies. This suggests direct inhibition of activating Gα<sub>q/11</sub> mutants may be a potential means of treating uveal melanoma. IMPLICATIONS: Oncogenic Gα<sub>q/11</sub> inhibition by FR900359 may be a potential treatment option for those with uveal melanoma.
Monolithic mode locked GaInAsP lasers (1990)

Some published results on mode locked monolithic lasers are reviewed. Optical spectra of a typical hybrid mode-locked monolithic device for different levels of RF power and frequency are shown and discussed, as are effects of detuning the modulation frequency. Design considerations are examined. These include the length of the device, the use of hybrid mode locking, and the choice of active or passive waveguides.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Editor's Note (1976)

In this and some succeeding issues of Chinese Studies in Philosophy we are concentrating on articles from mainland China that deal with anti-Confucianism from the so-called Legalist point of view and the Legalist reinterpretation of some unorthodox thinkers in Chinese intellectual history. Often such discussions are based on some superimposed dichotomization of Confucian and Legalist points of view. For the Western reader, the political contexts for such efforts are probably more telling than their contents.
Identification of Rlk, a Novel Protein Tyrosine Kinase with Predominant Expression in the T Cell Lineage (1995)

The control of phosphorylation by protein tyrosine kinases represents an important regulatory mechanism in T cell growth, function, and differentiation. We have identified a 62-kDa murine protein tyrosine kinase predominantly expressed within the T cell lineage, which we have termed Rlk (for Resting lymphocyte kinase). rlk mRNA was found to be expressed in the fetal thymus as early as day 13 of embryonic development as well as in adult thymus and mature resting peripheral T cells. The sequence of rlk showed that it is most closely related to the subfamily of cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases that includes the Btk, Itk, and Tec proteins. However, Rlk differs from these kinases by virtue of its unique aminoterminal domain, which lacks a region of pleckstrin homology common to the other members of this protein subfamily. Examination of rlk abundance within different T cell subpopulations revealed preferential expression in Th1 relative to Th2 T cell clones, suggesting a possible role in signal transduction pathways that selectively regulate cytokine production in mature CD4+ T cell subsets. Rlk thus represents a novel cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase with potential functions in intrathymic T cell development and mature T cell signaling.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of Pb8MnFe2F24. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Estimates of the Regression Coefficient Based on Kendall's Tau (1968)

Abstract The least squares estimator of a regression coefficient β is vulnerable to gross errors and the associated confidence interval is, in addition, sensitive to non-normality of the parent distribution. In this paper, a simple and robust (point as well as interval) estimator of β based on Kendall's [6] rank correlation tau is studied. The point estimator is the median of the set of slopes (Yj - Yi )/(tj-ti ) joining pairs of points with ti ≠ ti , and is unbiased. The confidence interval is also determined by two order statistics of this set of slopes. Various properties of these estimators are studied and compared with those of the least squares and some other nonparametric estimators.
The Society for the Study of Social Problems: Parental Recollections and Hopes (1976)

Journal Article The Society for the Study of Social Problems: Parental Recollections and Hopes Get access Elizabeth Briant Lee, Elizabeth Briant Lee Brooklyn College of The City University of New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Alfred McClung Lee Alfred McClung Lee Brooklyn College of The City University of New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social Problems, Volume 24, Issue 1, 1 October 1976, Pages 4–14, https://doi.org/10.2307/800318 Published: 02 August 2014