gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zero Dispersion-Slope NZ-DSF with Ultra Wide Bandwidth over 300nm (2002)

Next generation NZ-DSF with dispersion slope completely 0.00 ps/nm 2/km and lambdao shorter than 1350 nm has designed and fabricated. The transmission bandwidth is improved over 300 nm and dispersion difference is 1.02 ps/nm/km in whole S, C, L-band
Incidence and Predictors of Reinfection with Trichomonas vaginalis in HIV-infected Women (2000)

There is a high rate of reinfection with T vaginalis in HIV-infected women. Further research that includes information on sexual partners should be conducted to better describe the reinfection patterns of trichomoniasis.
Optical waveguide fabrication in z-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3) using femtosecond pulses in the low repetition rate regime (2006)

Waveguide structures are fabricated in z-cut lithium niobate (LiNbO3) using focussed femtosecond pulses. Two different types of waveguide structure are fabricated depending on the pulse energy used. In the first, guiding occurs in regions directly surrounding a visible laser-damage region. In the second, guiding occurs in a material modification region created at the focus. High confinement guiding at 1550nm is demonstrated in the first type of waveguide but found to be temporary, thus indicating that at least part of the refractive index change is due to phenomena such as stress that are subject to relaxation. Finally, the polarization dependent guiding properties of the structures are investigated.
Effect of Gd‐DTPA induCED susceptibility on single‐point dixon fat/water separation (2008)

A single-point Dixon (SPD) fat/water separation method is proposed for breast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in which field inhomogeneities and phase offsets measured prior to the injection of gadopentate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) are used to correct the postinjection images. A breast phantom study was conducted to demonstrate this technique, in which varying excess concentrations of Gd-DTPA (0-3 mM) were introduced into a 25-cm(3) breast lesion. The presence of excess Gd-DTPA in the lesion was found to create magnetic field perturbations of up to 0.35 microT per mM excess Gd-DTPA around the lesion. However, these perturbations had a negligible effect on the quality of the fat/water separation for Gd-DTPA concentrations in the range of, and exceeding, those observed in breast tumors following a standard 0.1 mmole/kg injection. Therefore, we conclude that the preinjection phase data is adequate for the correction of the postinjection images in breast exams.
Green tea constituents (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and gallic acid induce topoisomerase I- and topoisomerase II-DNA complexes in cells mediated by pyrogallol-induced hydrogen peroxide (2011)

Green tea and its major active constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are in clinical trials for the prevention and treatment of several diseases such as cancer. DNA topoisomerase (topo) poisons are commonly prescribed anticancer drugs that kill cancer cells by inducing topo-DNA complexes. Using purified topoisomerases, previous in vitro studies have shown that EGCG induces the formation of topo-DNA complexes. Because the activity of a drug on purified topoisomerases does not always represent the activity in a cell, we have used an immunofluorescence technique that allows the visualisation of topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes produced in individual cells to evaluate the activity of EGCG on both enzymes. High levels of topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes were observed in K562 leukaemia cells exposed to EGCG. Similar levels of topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes were visualised in cells treated with gallic acid (GA) (the acid part of the EGCG ester). Pyrogallol (PG) also induced topo-DNA complexes with both enzymes, therefore suggesting that the activity of EGCG and GA is mediated by their PG moieties. Catalase prevented both the cytotoxicity and the formation of topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes induced by EGCG, GA, PG and myricetin (a PG-containing flavonoid recently shown to induce topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes in cells), indicating that hydrogen peroxide mediates these activities. Hydrogen peroxide induced topo I- and topo II (α and β)-DNA complexes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The formation of topo I- and topo II-DNA complexes in cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide correlated well with the induction of apoptosis, suggesting that the topo-DNA complexes induced at long exposure times by the compounds tested in our study may be apoptotic topo-DNA complexes. Finally, we report results suggesting that PG-containing drugs may selectively kill tumour cells by generating hydrogen peroxide.
Histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy (2008)

In the period under review there have been advances in understanding of HDACi mechanisms of action, identification of rational combinations that address increased efficacy and overcoming resistance, and greatly expanded clinical development of pan-HDAC-inhibitory and isoform-selective inhibitors in monotherapy and combination therapy protocols.
Phase II trial of interferon-beta-serine in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (1990)

Interferon-beta-serine (IFN-beta-ser) is a muteine, recombinant IFN that is tolerated at a dose fivefold to 10-fold higher than IFN-alfa and interacts with the same cell membrane receptor as IFN-alfa. We hypothesized that at high doses IFN-beta-ser might induce a higher response rate than IFN-alfa in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We undertook a phase II trial of IFN-beta-ser in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Patients were treated three times each week by a 2-hour intravenous infusion. Doses were escalated weekly (.25 to 5.5 mg, 1 mg = 180,000,000 U) until the maximum-tolerated treatment dose (MTTD) was determined. The MTTD is defined as one dose level less than that which caused grade 3 toxicity and was subsequently administered three times weekly for at least 4 weeks. Twenty-nine patients were entered, and 25 were assessable for response and toxicity. The performance status was 0-1 in all patients and only one patient received previous chemotherapy. The MTTD dose was 2.5 mg (range, 0.5 to 5.5 mg per treatment), although in 10 patients, doses were later deescalated because of cumulative toxicity. Initial dose-limiting toxicity and cumulative toxicity were fatigue, malaise, and fever in most patients. Hepatic transaminitis, neutropenia, and elevation of serum creatinine were also observed but were not dose-limiting. There was one complete response (CR) and four partial responses (PRs). All responses but one occurred in pulmonary metastases. The median time to response was 26 days (range, 17 to 102 days). These data demonstrate that IFN-beta-ser given in high doses exhibits significant antitumor activity in renal cell carcinoma; however, the objective response rate is 20%. This is no higher than previous IFN studies; therefore, we reject the hypothesis than IFN-beta-ser at high doses may induce a greater response rate than IFN-alfa. However, we did observe more responses than were seen in a similar trial undertaken with lower dose IFN-beta serine in renal cell carcinoma.
Ion Exchange Lithography: Localized Ion Exchange Reactions for Spatial Patterning of Perovskite Semiconductors and Insulators (2021)

Patterning materials with different properties in a single film is a fundamental challenge and essential for the development of next-generation (opto)electronic functional components. This work introduces the concept of ion exchange lithography and demonstrates spatially controlled patterning of electrically insulating films and semiconductors with tunable optoelectronic properties. In ion exchange lithography, a reactive nanoparticle "canvas" is locally converted by printing ion exchange "inks." To demonstrate the proof of principle, a canvas of insulating nanoporous lead carbonate is spatioselectively converted into semiconducting lead halide perovskites by contact printing an ion exchange precursor ink of methylammonium and formamidinium halides. By selecting the composition of the ink, the photoluminescence wavelength of the perovskite semiconductors is tunable over the entire visible spectrum. A broad palette of conversion inks can be applied on the reactive film by printing with customizable stamp designs, spray-painting with stencils, and painting with a brush to inscribe well-defined patterns with tunable optoelectronic properties in the same canvas. Moreover, the optoelectronic properties of the converted canvas are exploited to fabricate a green light-emitting diode (LED), demonstrating the functionality potential of ion exchange lithography.
Homocysteine and other sulfhydryl compounds enhance the binding of lipoprotein(a) to fibrin: a potential biochemical link between thrombosis, atherogenesis, and sulfhydryl compound metabolism. (1992)

We have previously shown that lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], an atherogenic lipoprotein that contains apolipoprotein(a), which shares partial structural homology to plasminogen, binds to a plasmin-modified fibrin surface, and we have postulated that this interaction may be atherogenic. Moderate elevations in blood homocysteine, a relatively common condition, predispose to premature atherosclerosis. The reasons for this are not established. We now report that homocysteine, at concentrations as low as 8 microM, significantly increases the affinity of Lp(a) for fibrin. Homocysteine induces a 20-fold increase in the affinity between Lp(a) and plasmin-treated fibrin and a 4-fold increase with unmodified fibrin. Lp(a) binding is inhibited by epsilon-aminocaproic acid, indicating lysine binding site specificity. Homocysteine does not enhance the binding of Lp(a) to other surface-bound proteins. Cysteine, glutathione, and N-acetylcysteine also increase the affinity between Lp(a) and fibrin. Homocysteine does not affect the binding of low density lipoprotein or plasminogen to fibrin, nor does it alter the gel-filtration elution pattern of Lp(a). Immunoblot analysis documents the fact that homocysteine partially reduces Lp(a). These results suggest that homocysteine alters the intact Lp(a) particle so as to increase the reactivity of the plasminogen-like apolipoprotein(a) portion of the molecule. The observation that sulfhydryl amino acids increase Lp(a) binding to fibrin suggests a biochemical relationship between sulfhydryl compound metabolism, thrombosis, and atherogenesis.
The evolution of the mating system of the Carpenter bee <i>Xylocopa varipuncta</i>(Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae) (1981)

The Carpenter bee, Xylocopa varipuncta , appears to have evolved a dispersed lek mating system. Males leave the natal nest in the late afternoon in March and April to hover for periods of up to two hours in the crowns of non‐flowering trees growing in desert washes. Females and other males occasionally visit a hovering male, probably drawn by a sex pheromone. Resident males repel intruders of the same sex and attempt to induce females to alight on foliage, where mating occurs. The hovering territories do not contain nests, or potential nest sites, or food resources for females. Lek territoriality may have evolved in this species because nests are difficult to locate and the food‐plants are evenly dispersed over a large area, making economical defence of patches of this resource unfeasible. Males are left with the option of demonstrating social dominance to potential mates through control of a superior landmark territory.
Platelet-derived thrombospondin-1 is a critical negative regulator and potential biomarker of angiogenesis (2010)

The sequential events leading to tumor progression include a switch to the angiogenic phenotype, dependent on a shift in the balance between positive and negative angiogenic regulators produced by tumor and stromal cells. Although the biologic properties of many angiogenesis regulatory proteins have been studied in detail, the mechanisms of their transport and delivery in vivo during pathologic angiogenesis are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that expression of one of the most potent angiogenesis inhibitors, thrombospondin-1, is up-regulated in the platelets of tumor-bearing mice. We establish that this up-regulation is a consequence of both increased levels of thrombospondin-1 mRNA in megakaryocytes, as well as increased numbers of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow of tumor-bearing mice. Through the use of mouse tumor models and bone marrow transplantations, we show that platelet-derived thrombospondin-1 is a critical negative regulator during the early stages of tumor angiogenesis. Collectively, our data suggest that the production and delivery of the endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor thrombospondin-1 by platelets may be a critical host response to suppress tumor growth through inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Further, this work implicates the use of thrombospondin-1 levels in platelets as an indicator of tumor growth and regression.
Reduced sensitivity of the salmon louse, <i>Lepeophtheirus salmonis</i>, to the organophosphate dichlorvos (1992)

Abstract. Anecdotal reports from the Scottish fish farming industry suggested a reduction in the sensitivity of salmon lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis , to the organophosphate dichlorvos. In this study, pro‐adult and adult lice were collected from marine salmon sites showing a variety of ‘sensitivities’ to dichlorvos and subjected to dichlorvos exposure at a range of doses for a 48‐h period in vitro. From the lice mortalities, 24 and 48 h LC50 values were calculated, and using a ‘sensitive’ source of lice as a reference, resistance ratios calculated. The data generated suggests that L. salmonis from different geographic areas shows differences in sensitivity to dichlorvos. The implications for the salmon farming industry are discussed.
The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.1 (2006)

This document specifies Version 1.2 of the Transport Layer Security
(TLS) protocol. The TLS protocol provides communications security over
the Internet. The protocol allows client/server applications to
communicate in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping,
tampering, or message forgery. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
Modeling of bubble column slurry reactors for multiple reactions (1987)

Abstract A model of an isothermal bubble column slurry reactor for an arbitrary reaction network of R independent reactions and S reacting species has been developed. The model accounts for gas velocity variations due to a change in total number of moles during reaction, and for nonuniform catalyst distribution due to gravity settling. It is assumed that the gas phase is in plug flow and the batch liquid phase is unmixed, which is characteristic of pilot plant reactors with high aspect ratios. The minimum number of differential equations required for the complete description of the system is shown to be equal to the total number of independent reactions. A system of two series‐parallel reactions, representative of Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis, was used to study the effect of catalyst dispersion and model parameters on reactor performance. It was found that nonuniform catalyst distribution generally has a negative effect on conversion.
Simultaneous correction for interscan patient motion and geometric distortions in echoplanar imaging (1999)

A method is presented for simultaneous correction of linear geometric distortions and interscan patient motion in echoplanar imaging (EPI). The technique does not require the acquisition of specialized scans other than high-resolution magnetic resonance images. The method is based on a generalized surface-based coregistration algorithm, which accounts for a complete 3-dimensional affine transformation, i.e., rotations, translations, scaling, and shearing, between two volumetric image data sets. Any minimally distorted high-resolution scan may serve as a reference data set, to which the EPI data set is matched. The algorithmic accuracy was assessed using simulated data sets with known affine distortions. The deviation of the parameters determined by the coregistration program from the true values typically was 1% or less. Precise alignment of functional and anatomic information will be important for many future clinical applications.
Two mechanisms in the action of repressor δEF1: binding site competition with an activator and active repression (1997)

Two mechanisms are involved in the repressor action of deltaEF1. First, a binding site competition with an activator which depends on the integrity of both zinc finger clusters, and second, an active repression to silence an enhancer which is attributed to the NR domain.
Measuring glottal activity during voiced speech using a tuned electromagnetic resonating collar sensor (2005)

Non-acoustic speech sensors can be employed to obtain measurements of one or more aspects of the speech production process, such as glottal activity, even in the presence of background noise. These sensors have a long history of clinical applications and have also recently been applied to the problem of denoising speech signals recorded in acoustically noisy environments (Ng et al 2000 Proc. Int. Conf. on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP) (Istanbul, Turkey) vol 1, pp 229–32). Recently, researchers developed a new non-acoustic speech sensor based primarily on a tuned electromagnetic resonator collar (TERC) (Brown et al 2004 Meas. Sci. Technol. 15 1291). The TERC sensor measures glottal activity by sensing small changes in the dielectric properties of the glottis that result from voiced speech. This paper builds on the seminal work in Brown et al (2004). The primary contributions of this paper are (i) a description of a new single-mode TERC sensor design addressing the comfort and complexity issues of the original sensor, (ii) a complete description of new external interface systems used to obtain long-duration recordings from the TERC sensor and (iii) more extensive experimental results and analysis for the single-mode TERC sensor including spectrograms of speech containing both voiced and unvoiced speech segments in quiet and acoustically noisy environments. The experimental results demonstrate that the single-mode TERC sensor is able to detect glottal activity up to the fourth harmonic and is also insensitive to acoustic background noise.
Audemes: Exploring the Market Potential of a Sound Based Educational Tool (2014)

An Audeme is a 3-5 second non-speech sound that is used to transmit information aurally. Originally created and tested at the Indiana School for the Blind and Visually Impaired by Dr. Steve Manheimmer, Audemes were used as an educational tool that was proven to increase memory retention. The goal for this project is to expand the scope of the project from a BVI market to the larger market of sighted individuals. Specifically, we aim to further our understanding of Audemes by applying it to one specific application, including gaming and productivity.\nThe project has consisted of a literature review of Audemes and its possible market applications; interviews with industry experts, including start-up specialists and lastly, a survey of sound app markets on both Android and Apple to determine profitable market segments. Finally, students at IUPUI will be surveyed to determine the entertainment value and usability of AUDEMES with a sighted audience.\nThrough this proof of concept, we will determine the most profitable area for Audemes development. After establishing this, the future medical prospects could include rehabilitation of individuals with brain damage, use in speech therapy, and use in Alzheimer’s patients to slow deterioration of neural tissue. Additionally, this could be used in the emerging e-book market as well as an educational tool for better memory retention.
Characterization of the chicken histone H1 gene complement. Generation of a complete set of vertebrate H1 protein sequences. (1987)

Sequence analysis of four chicken H1 histone genes described here completes the characterization of the full complement of six H1 genes in the chicken genome. Each of the six genes codes for a different H1 protein sequence, and these range in size from 217 to 224 amino acids. The proteins are distinct in sequence from the H1-related chicken H5 protein and appear to be analogous to the standard somatic mammalian H1 subtypes. The protein sequence data deduced from the genes represent the first complete set of vertebrate H1 protein sequences. Comparison of the chicken H1 gene noncoding sequences with each other and with H1 gene sequences from other organisms reveals conservation of an H1 gene-specific element, a G-rich element, and histone gene-specific 3' elements. Additional sequences are conserved between H1 genes of the chicken and other vertebrates. Comparisons also reveal variation in promoter and 3' elements between chicken genes that could play a role in the differential expression of H1 gene protein products.
Simvastatin as a novel therapeutic agent for venous ulcers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (2014)

Simvastatin 40 mg daily, in addition to standard wound care and compression, is associated with a significant improvement in healing rate and time, as well as an improved patient quality of life when compared with placebo in the management of venous ulcers.
A fragile site in the human U2 small nuclear RNA gene cluster is revealed by adenovirus type 12 infection. (1988)

Using in situ hybridization, we found that the U2 small nuclear RNA gene cluster mapped very close to and was frequently disrupted by the gaps and breaks induced specifically in the human 17q21-q22 region by highly oncogenic adenovirus type 12 (Ad12). Restriction mapping revealed no structural alterations in the U2 gene locus as a result of Ad12 infection. Likewise, no Ad12-induced alterations in U2 RNA levels were detected. We estimate that the maximum size of the region specifically disrupted by this virus was less than 350 to 700 kilobases. A comparison of these data with similar data regarding biochemically induced fragile sites was made.
[Social factors in the epidemiology of intestinal infections]. (1975)

Epidemiological regularities of individual intestinal infections--morbidity dynamics, the spread along the territory among the urban and rural population, seasonality--were conditioned not only by biological peculairities of the causative agents, but also but the influence of the social factors on the formation of the epidemic process.
Computation Resource Allocation for Heterogeneous Time-Critical IoT Services in MEC (2020)

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is one of the promising solutions to process computational-intensive tasks within short latency for emerging Internet-of-Things (IoT) use cases, e.g., virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), autonomous vehicle. Due to the coexistence of heterogeneous services in MEC system, the task arrival interval and required execution time can vary depending on services. It is challenging to schedule computation resource for the services with stochastic arrivals and runtime at an edge server (ES). In this paper, we propose a flexible computation offloading framework among users and ESs. Based on the framework, we propose a Lyapunov-based algorithm to dynamically allocate computation resource for heterogeneous time-critical services at the ES. The proposed algorithm minimizes the average timeout probability without any prior knowledge on task arrival process and required runtime. The numerical results show that, compared with the standard queuing models used at ES, the proposed algorithm achieves at least 35% reduction of the timeout probability, and approximated utilization efficiency of computation resource to non-cause queuing model under various scenarios.
<i>Geobacter sulfurreducens</i> Can Grow with Oxygen as a Terminal Electron Acceptor (2004)

Geobacter sulfurreducens, previously classified as a strict anaerobe, tolerated exposure to atmospheric oxygen for at least 24 h and grew with oxygen as the sole electron acceptor at concentrations of 10% or less in the headspace. These results help explain how Geobacter species may survive in oxic subsurface environments, being poised to rapidly take advantage of the development of anoxic conditions.