gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An approach to single optical component antenna base stations for broad-band millimeter-wave fiber-radio access systems (2000)

To realize a cost-effective and practical antenna base station (BS) for 60-GHz-band millimeter-wave fiber-radio access systems, an approach to a single optical component BS is presented in this paper. The external modulation technique will allow to replace the pair of a photodetector (PD) and a laser diode with an external modulator at the BS by an optical transceiver. Two system architectures using different types of optical transceivers are studied in detail: one employs an electroabsorption transceiver (EAT), and the other employs an electroabsorption transceiver/mixer (EATX). The EAT serves simultaneously as a PD and an external light modulator in 60-GHz-band millimeter-wave region. The EATX furthermore acts as an IF-to-RF upconverter and an RF-to-IF downconverter. It is shown that both system architectures have good prospects to realize cost-effective fiber-radio access systems.
Explotacion de las Flores de Guayacan (Tabebuia chrysantha) por Varias Especies de Aves e Insectos (1972)

Se describen algunas de las interrelaciones entre aves e insectos, que se alimentan en las flores de guayacan (Tabebuia chrysantha). Se hacen algunos comentarios sobre el significado evolutivo de estas interrelaciones y el impacto biologico que puedan tener para la planta. ESTA PLANTA [Tabebuia chrysamtha (Jacq.) Nicholson] cuya distribucion se opera sobre las zonas tropical y subtropical, desde Mexico hasta el Ecuador, florece preferentemente durante los periodos secos, a veces una y otras dos veces por aino, de acuerdo con el regimen clim'atico de la region. Cabe advertir que en Colombia al menos, algunos arboles florecen en forma erratica, a veces aun durante periodos de liuvia. En el Valle del Cauca, donde se hicieron las observaciones hay dos periodos secos, denominados como Verano durante los meses comprendidos entre Julio y Septiembre y Enero y Marzo, respectivamente (Espinal 1968). Durante estos periodos el 'arbol pierde total o parcialmente las hojas y se cubre total y a veces parcialmente de racirnos de flores amarillas. La floracion de cada 'arbol dura normalmente alrededor de 25 dias. Durante ellos algunas veces, una profusion de especies animales, seguin el lugar y la epoca, se congregan para alimentarse del nectar de sus flores y posiblemente tambien algunas de las aves para consumir insectos. Es indudable que existe una serie de interrelaciones entre los distintos animales que aprovechan este recurso alimenticio simultaneamente, pero no entro a analizarlo por ahora, porque carezco de informacion suficiente. El presente articulo pretende tan solo describir el comportamiento y relaciones que se observan entre algunas de las especies mras comunes. El 'arbol es sexualmente aldulto, alrededor de los tres afios, edad en la cual se inicia la floracion. Llega a tener, en el estado adulto, hasta unos 20 m de altura y un diametro de copa de 10 m aproximadamente. Es de tallo uinico, el cual principia a ramificarse a partir de los tres a cinco metros de altura. En periodo de reposo sexual se cubre densamente de hojas opuestas, digitadas, generalmente con cinco folios de color verde claro. En el periodo de reproducci6n, pierde todas o casi todas las hojas y se cubre de flores amarillas, campanulaladas, de petalos rizados, que crecen formando racimos redondeados de unos 20 cm do diametro. Las flores individualmente varian entre los siete y 12 cm de longitud. La vida de las flores es 'muy corta, de apenas unos cuatro dias, despues de abrir. En Septiembre de 1970 y Julio de 1971, observe lo que sucedio cuando florecieron estos arboles y en particular un corpulento arbol de esta especie, el cual esta localizado en el jardin de mi casa, cerca al rio Pance, a 1050 m en los alrededores de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. En efecto, en la primera oportunidad constate su utilizacion entre otros, por parte de los siguientes animales asi:
Forecasting Gas Production in Organic Shale with the Combined Numerical Simulation of Gas Diffusion in Kerogen, Langmuir Desorption from Kerogen Surfaces, and Advection in Nanopores (2012)

Abstract We introduce a new numerical algorithm to forecast gas production in organic shale that simultaneously takes into account gas diffusion in kerogen, slip flow, Knudsen diffusion, and Langmuir desorption. The algorithm incorporates the effects of slip flow and Knudsen diffusion in apparent permeability, and includes Langmuir desorption as a gas source at kerogen surfaces. We use the diffusion equation to model both lateral gas flow in kerogen as well as gas supply from kerogen to surfaces. Slip flow and Knudsen diffusion account for higher-than-expected permeability in shale-gas formations, while Langmuir desorption maintains pore pressure. Simulations confirm the significance of gas diffusion in kerogen on both gas flow and stored gas. Relative contributions of these flow mechanisms to production are quantified for various cases to rank their importance under practical situations. Results indicate that apparent permeability increases while reservoir pressure decreases. Gas desorption supplies additional gas to pores, thereby maintaining reservoir pressure. However, the rate of gas desorption decreases with time. Gas diffusion enhances production in two ways: it provides gas molecules to kerogen-pore surfaces, hence it maintains the gas desorption rate while kerogen becomes a flow path for gas molecules. For a shale-gas formation with porosity of 5%, apparent permeability of 59.7 μD, total organic carbon of 29%, effective kerogen porosity of 10%, and gas diffusion coefficient of 10−22 m2/s, production enhancements compared to those predicted with conventional models are: 9.6% due to slip flow and Knudsen diffusion, an extra 42.6% due to Langmuir desorption, and an additional 61.7% due to gas diffusion after 1 year of production. The method introduced in this paper for modeling gas flow indicates that the behavior of gas production with time in shale-gas formations could differ significantly from production forecasts performed with conventional models.
gp91phox-Dependent Expression of Platelet CD40 Ligand (2004)

These data provide the first evidence that platelet CD40L expression occurs via arachidonic acid-mediated gp91phox activation.
On the Color Line: The Early Ideologies and Methodologies of Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois (2011)

William Edward Burghardt Du Boisâ over 70 year long career has been critiqued and referenced in regards to the subject of American history, African American history, and more specifically, the struggle for civil rights and equality since the turn of the Twentieth Century. Du Boisâ early thoughts and theories on the plight of the African American community were pivotal in the eventual success of his campaign for African American suffrage and equality in all aspects of American society. The study of these original theories and methods, spanning for around 1897 to his resignation from the NAACP in 1934, provides a more intimate look at what serves as the foundational ideologies for the modern Civil Rights Movement and the individual who lived by them. Using only materials read by or written by Du Bois, himself, the research done and evidence found suggest a more progressive side of the intellectual. Addresses, publications, personal diary entries, and letters of correspondence all reveal the personal struggles and thoughts of the man and the unique strategies implemented to successfully solve what Du Bois describes as âthe Negro problemâ of the Twentieth Century American South. Du Boisâ vital emphasis on education, industry, and politics sets him apart from his equally steadfast counterparts questioning the most effective strategies in regards to public opinion, leadership, and civil rights.
Deinterleaver Technology for Future Electronic Support Measures (ESM) systems (1992)

Abstract : The precision electronic support measures(ESM) systems of the future must operate in dense environments of emitters that have agility in several parameters. A deinterleaving system that would be capable of processing the pulse data generated by a future precision ESM receiver is described at the block diagram level. To be effective in a dense environment of agile emitters, the deinterleaving system will need adaptable pulse data filters to eliminate the data from friendly emitters, a processor dedicated to sorting the pulse data from new and high-priority emitters by angle-of-arrival and frequency, and sophisticated, multiparameter deinterleaving algorithms. A summary of research related to ESM processing is given.
Refractive index and absorption of GaAs quantum wells across excitonic resonances (1998)

We present simultaneous measurement of the refractive index and absorption coefficient in a AlGaAs/GaAs multiple quantum well structure near the band gap by Fourier transform spectral interferometry. Both quantities were measured across heavy- and light-hole excitons for temperatures ranging from liquid helium to room temperature. The experimental results are analyzed using an analytical expression for the complex dielectric function of Wannier excitons in fractional dimension.
Fiber Bragg grating multichemical sensor (2006)

Fiber optic-based chemical sensors are created by coating fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) with the glassy polymer cellulose acetate (CA). CA is a polymeric matrix capable of localizing or concentrating chemical constituents within its structure. Some typical properties of CA include good rigidity (high modulus) and high transparency. With CA acting as a sensor element, immersion of the gratings in various chemical solutions causes the polymer to expand and mechanically strain the glass fiber. This elongation of the fiber sections containing the grating causes a corresponding change in the periodicity of the grating that subsequently results in a change in the Bragg-reflected wavelengths. A high-resolution tunable fiber ring laser interrogator is used to obtain room-temperature reflectance spectrograms from two fiber gratings at two different wavelengths - 1540nm and 1550nm. The graphical representation from this device enables the display of spectral shape, and not merely shifts in FBG central wavelength, thereby allowing for more comprehensive analysis of how different physical conditions cause the reflectance profile to move and alter overall form. Wavelength shifts on the order of 1 to 80 pm in the FBG transition edges and changes in spectral shape are observed in both sensors upon immersion in a diverse selection of chemical analytes.
Phencyclidine (PCP): A Review and Perspectives (1982)

(1982). Phencyclidine (PCP): A Review and Perspectives. CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology: Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 145-177.
Semaphorin signaling facilitates cleft formation in the developing salivary gland (2007)

Semaphorin signaling plays integral roles in multiple developmental processes. Branching morphogenesis is one such role that has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we show in mice that functional blockage of neuropilin 1 (Npn1) inhibits cleft formation in the developing submandibular gland (SMG) cultured ex vivo. This Npn1-dependent morphogenesis is mediated by Sema3A and Sema3C in an additive manner, and can be abolished by decreasing the expression of plexin A2 or plexin D1. VEGF, another known Npn1 ligand, has no apparent effects on SMG development. FGF signaling, which also mediates SMG branching morphogenesis, acts in parallel with semaphorin signaling. Finally, in contrast to the effect of FGF signaling, we find that semaphorins do not stimulate the proliferation of SMG epithelial cells. Instead, the semaphorin signals act locally on the epithelial cells to facilitate SMG cleft formation.
A high throughput method for identifying personalized tumor-associated antigens (2010)

Circulating autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and their pattern of glycosylation can be used as diagnostic indicators of cancer. Using random peptide library screening, we identified patient-specific sets of peptides recognized by colon cancer patients' serum IgG and IgM antibodies. We demonstrate a strategy for analyzing BLAST search results for identifying tumor-associated antigens represented by peptides that mimic sequential epitopes. Statistical analysis of the frequency with which the proteins are retrieved by BLAST homology searching and an estimation of the probability of a match by chance can identify the proteins that are the real targets of the immune response against tumors. In addition, we observed an over-expression of the mRNA for the match-producing protein only in the corresponding tumor sample, out of fourteen tumor and normal samples analyzed. This observation confirms that personalized tumor-associated antigens can be identified by BLAST homology search following random peptide library screening on cancer patient's serum antibodies.
Weaklier Supervised Semantic Segmentation With Only One Image Level Annotation per Category (2019)

Image semantic segmentation tasks and methods based on weakly supervised conditions have been proposed and achieve better and better performance in recent years. However, the purpose of these tasks is mainly to simplify the labeling work. In this paper, we establish a new and more challenging task condition: weaklier supervision with one image level annotation per category, which only provides prior knowledge that humans need to recognize new objects, and aims to achieve pixel-level object semantic understanding. In order to solve this problem, a three-stage semantic segmentation framework is put forward, which realizes image level, pixel level, and object common features learning from coarse to fine grade, and finally obtains semantic segmentation results with accurate and complete object regions. Researches on PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method, which makes an obvious improvement compared to baselines. Based on fewer supervised information, the method also provides satisfactory performance compared to weakly supervised learning-based methods with complete image-level annotations.
Measurement of fiber orientation in short‐fiber composites using digital image processing (1993)

Abstract A technique that uses digital image processing to measure the orientation distribution function of the fibers in a plane of a short‐fiber composite is described in this work. Other orientation descriptors, such as the fiber orientation parameter, can be calculated from the measured fiber orientation distribution function. In this technique, the edges of the fibers in a digital image of the composite are first identified. Then, using Sobel operators, the orientation of the gradient vector is determined at each fiber orientation distribution function. The advantages of digital imaging over photography and the simplicity of the algorithms make this technique advantageous over previously developed methods to measure fiber orientation.
A robotic concept for remote maintenance operations: A robust 3D object detection and pose estimation method and a novel robot tool (2010)

Future normally-unmanned oil platforms offer potentially significantly lower commissioning and operation costs than their current manned counterparts. The ability to initiate and perform remote inspection and maintenance (I&M) operations is crucial for maintaining such platforms. This paper presents a system solution, including key components such as a 3D robot vision system, a robot tool and a control architecture for remote I&M operations on processes similar to those on topside oil platforms. In particular, a case study on how to automatically replace a battery in a wireless process sensor is investigated. A novel robot tool for removing and re-attaching the sensor lid has been designed. Moreover, a robot control architecture for remote control of industrial-type robot manipulators is presented. A 3D robot vision system for localizing the sensor lid and the battery has been developed. The system utilizes structured light, using an off-the-shelf projector and a standard machine vision camera. A novel, robust and fast vision algorithm called 3D-MaMa has been adapted to work for object localization and pose estimation in complex scenes, in our case the process equipment in our lab facility. Experimental results from our lab facility are presented which describe a series of battery replacement operations for various unknown positions of the wireless sensor, and we report on accuracies and success ratios. The experiments demonstrate that the described vision system is able to recover the full pose and orientation of an object, and that the results are directly applicable for controlling advanced robot contact operations. Moreover, the custom-built lid operation tool demonstrates successful results.
Characterizing and Diminishing Autofluorescence in Formalin-fixed Paraffin-embedded Human Respiratory Tissue (2014)

Tissue autofluorescence frequently hampers visualization of immunofluorescent markers in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded respiratory tissues. We assessed nine treatments reported to have efficacy in reducing autofluorescence in other tissue types. The three most efficacious were Eriochrome black T, Sudan black B and sodium borohydride, as measured using white light laser confocal Λ<sup>2</sup> (multi-lambda) analysis. We also assessed the impact of steam antigen retrieval and serum application on human tracheal tissue autofluorescence. Functionally fitting this Λ<sup>2</sup> data to 2-dimensional Gaussian surfaces revealed that steam antigen retrieval and serum application contribute minimally to autofluorescence and that the three treatments are disparately efficacious. Together, these studies provide a set of guidelines for diminishing autofluorescence in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human respiratory tissue. Additionally, these characterization techniques are transferable to similar questions in other tissue types, as demonstrated on frozen human liver tissue and paraffin-embedded mouse lung tissue fixed in different fixatives.
Dexterous Hexrotor UAV Platform (2013)

Mobile manipulation is a hot area of study in robotics as it unites the two classes of robots: locomotors and manipulators. An emerging niche in the field of mobile manipulation is aerial mobile manipulation. Although there has been a fair amount of study of free-flying satellites with graspers, the more recent trend has been to outfit UAVs with graspers to assist various manipulation tasks. While this recent work has yielded impressive results, it is hampered by a lack of appropriate testbeds for aerial mobile manipulation, similar to the state of ground-based mobile manipulation a decade ago. Typical helicopters or quadrotors cannot instantaneously resist or apply an arbitrary force in the plane perpendicular to the rotor axis, which makes them inadequate for complex mobile manipulation tasks. Based on the concept of force closure (a term from the dexterous manipulation community), this thesis introduces the new type of dexterous, 6-DoF UAV which provides the unique capability of being able to resist any applied wrench, or generalized force-torque. In this thesis, we describe the importance of force closure for mobile manipulation, explain why it is lacking in current UAV platforms, and describe how our hexrotor provides this important capability as well as exhibiting holonomic behavior.
The Magnitude of the Primary Kinetic Isotope Effect for Compounds of Hydrogen and Deuterium. (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Magnitude of the Primary Kinetic Isotope Effect for Compounds of Hydrogen and Deuterium.F. H. WestheimerCite this: Chem. Rev. 1961, 61, 3, 265–273Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr60211a004https://doi.org/10.1021/cr60211a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views7733Altmetric-Citations680LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Primary alkylsulphatase activities of the detergent-degrading bacterium <i>Pseudomonas</i> C12B. Purification and properties of the P1 enzyme (1986)

The P1 primary alkylsulphatase of Pseudomonas C12B was purified 1500-fold to homogeneity by a combination of streptomycin sulphate precipitation of nucleic acids, (NH4)2SO4 fractionation and chromatography on columns of DEAE-cellulose, Sephacryl S-300 and butyl-agarose. The protein was tetrameric with an Mr of 181000-193000, and exhibited maximum activity at pH 6.1. Primary alkyl sulphates of carbon-chain length C1-C5 or above C14 were not substrates, but the intermediate homologues were shown to be substrates, either by direct assay (C6-C9 and C12) or by gel zymography (C10, C11, C13 and C14). Increasing the chain length from C6 to C12 led to diminishing Km. Values of delta G0' for binding substrates to enzyme were dependent linearly on chain length, indicating high dependence on hydrophobic interactions. Vmax./Km values increased with increasing chain length. Inhibition by alk-2-yl sulphates and alkane-sulphonates was competitive and showed a similar dependence on hydrophobic binding. The P1 enzyme was active towards several aryl sulphates, including o-, m- and p-chlorophenyl sulphates, 2,4-dichlorophenyl sulphate, o-, m- and p-methoxyphenyl sulphates, m- and p-hydroxyphenyl sulphates and p-nitrophenyl sulphate, but excluding bis-(p-nitrophenyl) sulphate and the O-sulphate esters of tyrosine, nitrocatechol and phenol. The arylsulphatase activity was weak compared with alkylsulphatase activity, and it was distinguishable from the de-repressible arylsulphatase activity of Pseudomonas C12B reported previously. Comparison of the P1 enzyme with the inducible P2 alkylsulphatase of this organism, and with the Crag herbicide sulphatase of Pseudomonas putida, showed that, although there are certain similarities between any two of the three enzymes, very few properties are common to all three.
A new molecular mechanism for severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy: Exonic deletions in <i>SCN1A</i> (2006)

We examined cases of severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI) for exon deletions or duplications within the sodium channel SCN1A gene by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Two of 13 patients (15%) who fulfilled the strict clinical definition of SMEI but without SCN1A coding or splicing mutations had exonic deletions of SCN1A.