gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trade Mode Design of Power Score Based on Response Load Quota (2016)

In order to mobilize the users' enthusiasm in joining in demand response,the concept of response load quota was introduced and its model was built considering a variety of factors such as program type,response time and so on. Power score trade framework was designed containing buying,selling and exchanging of power score.Power score buying and selling realizes free trade under the supervision of the grid,while power score exchanging on the response load quota meets the needs of interaction under the power constraints. Finally,power score trade mode with load agent was especially designed focusing on three aspects like trade platform access,transaction mode and processes,and the numerical examples show its effectiveness.
Parallel Exploitation of Diverse Host Nutrients Enhances Salmonella Virulence (2013)

Pathogen access to host nutrients in infected tissues is fundamental for pathogen growth and virulence, disease progression, and infection control. However, our understanding of this crucial process is still rather limited because of experimental and conceptual challenges. Here, we used proteomics, microbial genetics, competitive infections, and computational approaches to obtain a comprehensive overview of Salmonella nutrition and growth in a mouse typhoid fever model. The data revealed that Salmonella accessed an unexpectedly diverse set of at least 31 different host nutrients in infected tissues but the individual nutrients were available in only scarce amounts. Salmonella adapted to this situation by expressing versatile catabolic pathways to simultaneously exploit multiple host nutrients. A genome-scale computational model of Salmonella in vivo metabolism based on these data was fully consistent with independent large-scale experimental data on Salmonella enzyme quantities, and correctly predicted 92% of 738 reported experimental mutant virulence phenotypes, suggesting that our analysis provided a comprehensive overview of host nutrient supply, Salmonella metabolism, and Salmonella growth during infection. Comparison of metabolic networks of other pathogens suggested that complex host/pathogen nutritional interfaces are a common feature underlying many infectious diseases.
The Double <i>N</i>‐Arylation of Primary Amines: Toward Multisubstituted Carbazoles with Unique Optical Properties (2003)

A powerful method: A variety of sterically crowded, substituted carbazoles have been prepared from anilines and biphenyl compounds (see scheme). The method enabled the preparation of 2,2′-dicarbazolyl-1,1′-biaryl compounds, which show excimer (or exciplex) emissions with significant solvent dependency.
SIX4 promotes metastasis via activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway in colorectal cancer (2017)

SIX4 is upregulated in CRC and can be used as a prognosis biomarker.
[Immunologic reactivity of workers in epoxy resin production]. (1990)

The article contains results of medical examination of 249 workers who were in permanent contact with epoxidized oils and their polymerization products. Disorders have been found in the immune system directed to the secondary immune insufficiency type (relative hyposuppression), mostly at the expense of midmolecular complexes, and the epoxidized compounds sensibilization growth.
Suppression of semiconductor laser pulsations using optical feedback from a fiber (1980)

A novel optical feedback method is described for suppressing self-sustained pulsations in semiconductor lasers. Using an external cavity formed from a single segment of optical fiber about 1 cm long, a few percent of the light is coupled back into the laser cavity. All pulsations are suppressed, independently of the pulsation frequency. This behavior is predicted by a model which incorporates saturable absorption centers in the laser cavity.
The Effect of Deafferentation Upon the Locomotory Activity of Amphibian Limbs (1940)

ABSTRACT In 1912-13 Graham Brown and Sherrington showed, independently, that rhythmical activity could be maintained in a pair of deafferentated antagonistic mammalian muscles; since then it has been customary to regard locomotory rhythms as the expression of intrinsic activity within the nerve cord. On the other hand, a study of the responses of vertebrate limbs to suitable reflex stimulation makes it difficult to believe that impulses coming from peripheral sense organs do not play a very important role in the co-ordination of normal locomotory movements. The present paper constitutes an attempt to decide how far locomotion can occur in animals whose limbs have been completely desensitized by cutting the roots of their afferent nerves.
Overview of Classification Subtask at NTCIR-5 Patent Retrieval Task. (2005)

This paper describes Classification Subtask at NTCIR-5 Patent Retrieval Task. We perform two subtasks for patent classification using a multi-dimensional classification structure called “F-term (File Forming Term) classification system”. The first one is Theme Categorization Subtask, where each participant classifies a patent into technological fields called themes. The second one is F-term Categorization Subtask, where each participant classifies a patent, whose theme has been given, into multifaceted categories called F-terms. We overview the designs of these subtasks, the test collections produced, and the evaluation results.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Rhinovirus Replication in WI-38 Cells (1975)

Exposure of WI-38 cells to ascorbic acid plus glutathione mixtures in growth medium for 2 days prior to infection with rhinovirus serotype 20 and during virus replication suppressed multicyclic but not single-cycle growth of the virus. Multicyclic growth was suppressed over the range of multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.) of 4 times 10-minus 1 minus 4 times 10-minus 4 PFU/cell. There was some suggestion that, in the presence of ascorbic acid plus glutathione, interferon was produced at the highest m.o.i. tested but at barely detectable levels.
In vitro RNA Cleavage Assay for Argonaute-Family Proteins (2008)

Recent studies have revealed that Argonaute proteins are crucial components of the RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs) that direct both small interfering RNA (siRNA)- and microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene silencing. Full complementarity between the small RNA and its target messenger RNA (mRNA) results in RISC-mediated cleavage ("Slicing") of the target mRNA. A subset of Argonaute proteins directly contributes to the target cleavage ("Slicer") activity of the RISC. We describe (in vitro) Slicer assays using endogenous Argonaute protein immunopurified from animal cells and recombinant Argonaute protein produced in and purified from Escherichia coli.
Insights into the structure and function of GABA-benzodiazepine receptors: ion channels and psychiatry (1991)

Future understanding of disease states, drug effects, and therapeutic successes and failures may be expressed in terms of differences in the structure and function of specific receptors and their associated ion channels. Furthermore, the ability to describe the molecular function of receptor subtypes offers the ability to tailor drug specificity by developing agents directed against a given receptor subtype. The current GABA studies also have important implications for the understanding of how neurotransmitter systems may be involved in illness.
Trigeminal neuralgia. Pathophysiology and treatment. (2001)

Trigeminal neuralgia is a very peculiar disease. The pain, also known as "tic douloureux", is paroxystic and very severe. It can be triggered by a light cutaneous stimulus on a very localized spot on the face (the so-called "trigger zone"). The patient can sometimes benefit from long remissions without any treatment. With the exception of multiple sclerosis and of uncommon cases of posterior fossa tumours or other lesions impinging on the trigeminal nerve, ganglion or root, trigeminal neuralgia is considered as "idiopathic". Some benign abnormality had for long been suspected. The current opinion is now in favour of a "neurovascular conflict": an artery, most often a loop of the superior or anteroinferior cerebellar artery, has an offending contact with the trigeminal nerve root, which results in localized demyelination and ectopic triggering of neuronal discharges. This hypothesis is in agreement with the relief provided by antiepileptic drugs and is supported by recent neuroimaging data. Therapeutic options are reviewed: very efficient drugs are available but fail to provide a significant relief and/or have important side effects in many cases. Surgical alternatives are available, for which guidelines are proposed.
SGAP Flap for Reconstruction of Sacral Pressure Sores (2006)

From August 2004 to October 2005 we underwent 13 procedures using SGAP(superior gluteal artery perforator)as pedicles by either advancement(8/13)or interpolated(5/13)flaps in reconstruction of twelve sacral ulcers in twelve patients. Three(two interpolated and one advanced flaps)of the thirteen procedures were complicated with venous congestion and hematoma, two were saved by decompression with tunnel widening and flap debulking, however the other one interpolated flap was lost post salvage and the defect needed resurfacing by a V-Y advancement SGAP flap from the opposite side. Ten of the thirteen flaps survived completely without morbidity and only one recurrence noted after an average 10 months follow-up. We found the interpolative moving of flaps and the thickness discrepancy between defects and flaps (the SGAP flaps were usually too bulky for shallow sacral ulcers)may increase the risk for torsion of pedicle and venous congestion that resulted in serious complication even flap loss.
Randomized, Double-blind Study of the Analgesic Efficacy of Morphine-6-Glucuronide versus  Morphine Sulfate for Postoperative Pain in Major Surgery (2005)

Overall, M6G has an analgesic effect similar to that of morphine over the first 24 h postoperatively. However, M6G may be slower onset initially than morphine; therefore, a larger initial dose may be required.
Fingerprint verification competition 2006 (2007)

The interest in fingerprint-based biometric systems has constantly grown in recent years and considerable efforts have been focused by both academia and industry on the development of new algorithms for fingerprint recognition. Raffaele Cappelli, Matteo Ferrara, Annalisa Franco and Davide Maltoni of the Biometric System Laboratory at the University of Bologna explain the findings of the Fingerprint Verification Competition 2006.
Yttria-Zirconia Based Lewis Acid: An Efficient and Chemoselective Catalyst for Acylation Reactions (2001)

Yttria-zirconia based strong Lewis acid efficiently catalyzes acylation of alcohols, amines and thiols under environmentally safe, heterogeneous reaction conditions with high selectivity and in excellent yields.
A circular harmonic quantized amplitude compensated matched filter (1998)

The circular harmonic expansion technique has been applied to the quantized amplitude-compensated matched filter for rotation-invariant recognition. The filter is an amplitude filter with three discrete grey levels. The performance of the proposed filter is compared with the circular harmonic binary filter which has amplitude values of zero and unity. Three different circular harmonic components, namely the zero-order, first-order and second-order, were used in the investigation. Computer simulations show that there is a trade-off between the Horner efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio with the amplitude compensation technique. With the second-order circular harmonic, an improvement of 45 % in the signal-to-noise ratio was achieved with only a 12% loss in the Horner efficiency.
Removal of C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ from a semiconductor process flue gas by a ferroelectric packed-bed barrier discharge reactor with an adsorber (2001)

The abatement of greenhouse gases from semiconductor processes is becoming important. Methane and/or nitrous oxide are continuously exhausted from the processes, and high concentrations of per-fluorocarbons (PFCs), such as NF/sub 3/, C/sub 2/F/sub 6/, SF/sub 6/, and CF/sub 4/, are exhausted during wafer etching and clean up of PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition) chambers. The removal of C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ from a simulated semiconductor-process flue gas was studied using a hybrid control system, consisting of a ferroelectric packed-bed barrier discharge reactor and an adsorber. The barrier discharge reactor was composed of BaTiO/sub 3/ ferroelectric pellets and was operated with AC voltages at 60 Hz. The adsorber was either artificial zeolite or activated carbon. Simulated flue gases consisted of N/sub 2/ or N/sub 2/-H/sub 2/O mixtures with 1000 to 3000 ppm C/sub 2/F/sub 6/. The experiments showed: (1) the removal efficiency for C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ increases with increasing applied voltage until the threshold for spark formation is reached; (2) the removal efficiency increases at lower temperatures and by use of the hybrid system, and decreases with increasing gas flow rate; (3) humidity significantly reduces the reactor's efficiency as a result of the energy drawn from the discharge for H/sub 2/O molecule dissociation; (4) trace CF/sub 4/, CO, NO/sub 2/, N/sub 2/O, and SiF/sub 4/ are by-products of the control system; and (5) about 13.5 g of C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ is decomposed by 1 kWh of input electrical power to the hybrid system. CF/sub 4/ is a by-product from C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ removal, while the other by-products come from etching the reactor's glass wall (SiO/sub 2/) by fluorine released from C/sub 2/F/sub 6/ removal.
Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of multilayer metallic thin film on plastic substrates (2008)

Abstract Conductive coatings have been applied to plastic substrates to protect electronic devices against electromagnetic interference. A model, based on the transmission line and plane wave theory, is developed to analyze the shielding effectiveness of multilayer metallic thin films. Analyses show that among absorption, reflection, and re‐reflection in electromagnetic wave transmission, reflection is dominant, whereas absorption is negligible because of small film thickness. A key indicator of reflection is the thin film's intrinsic impedance characterized by the ratio of conductivity over permeability. Better shielding can be achieved by having the impedance ratio of the adjacent layers higher than 1; i.e., by placing the thin film of higher impedance as the inner layer to the substrate. Without the correct sequence of placement, more layers do not necessarily lead to better shielding. All analytical results are validated by experiments on PC and PP substrates with plasma surface treatment and physical vapor deposition. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Defensins Against Ocular Pathogens (1990)

New approaches to antimicrobial therapy for ocular pathogens must overcome organisms that are resistant to current therapeutic modalities. This investigation examined the antimicrobial activity of novel antimicrobial neutrophil peptides (defensins NP-1 and NP-5) against isolates from clinical ocular microbial infections in humans and horses. The test panel of human clinical isolates included Candida albicans, an alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Morganella morganii. The test panel of equine pathogens included three clinical isolates of P aeruginosa and two clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The equine isolates were chosen for their relative resistance to commonly employed antimicrobial therapy. The two defensins differed markedly in their bactericidal activity. Defensin NP-5, at a 50-micrograms/mL concentration, exhibited minimal bactericidal activity against the majority of isolates of the test panel. The inferior microbicidal activity of NP-5 is consistent with previously published results. However, at this concentration, NP-5 did exhibit appreciable bacteriostatic activity against human ocular pathogens M morganii (74%), alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus (57%), and P aeruginosa (93%) during the 2-hour incubation period. In contrast, defensin NP-1 at 10 micrograms/mL exerted potent microbicidal activity against all isolates, effecting a 2 to 3 log10 decrease in colony-forming units within a 60-minute incubation period. Under the assay conditions employed, these findings demonstrate: (1) two distinct mechanisms by which defensins exert their antimicrobial activity against microbial pathogens associated with clinical ocular disease in humans and horses, and (2) that rabbit defensin NP-1 is a potent antimicrobial agent against a wide array of ocular pathogens.
Reducing the Production Lead Time of an Industry Using Value Stream Mapping Integrated with Kaizen (2018)

Lean manufacturing tools and techniques acts as a major industrial management driver in the modern world since they attracted the industrialist at an early period in its raw form. Value stream mapping is a lean tool that helps not only to identify the issues hindering the productivity in an industry but also helps to decide upon the right lean tool to be used for improving the same. This article focuses on the implementation of value stream mapping in one of the leading pharmaceutical company to assess the current productivity and recommending improvement. The recommended improvement through the future state map shows that the effective implementation of lean tools reduces the production lead-time by 60.29%.Â Â
Genetic epidemiology of psoriatic arthritis (2004)

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is defined as an inflammatory arthritis (IA) associated with psoriasis and is usually negative for rheumatoid factor. This ambiguous definition has impeded research into this subject, but as yet no agreed definition or classification criteria exist for PsA. Furthermore, there are those who question whether PsA exists as a distinct disease, or is a mere coincidence of inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis with psoriasis. The pathogenesis of both IA and psoriasis is complex, involving interactions between many different genes and environmental etiological factors. It is likely that PsA is also a complex disease. The identification of genetic susceptibility factors unique to PsA over and above those that contribute to IA or psoriasis alone would put an end to speculation as to whether PsA exists as a distinct disease. In addition, it may aid in the development of novel therapies which target PsA specifically. This review summarizes the approaches taken to identify PsA susceptibility genes, and outlines some interesting regions which may harbor PsA susceptibility genes.
Inhibition of T Lymphocyte (TL) Proliferation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs): Role of Cell Contact between MSCs and TL, Role of MSCs Dose Effect, and Role of Soluble Factors and Adhesion Molecules Expressed by MSCs. (2004)

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can inhibit T lymphocyte (TL) proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and are candidate to induce tolerance of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell graft. Results of previous studies evaluating the role of cell contact between MSCs and TL are contradictory. Some soluble factors produced by MSCs have been shown to be involved in TL inhibition such as Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), and Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO). In this study inhibition of TL proliferation in MLR was evaluated in cultures with MSCs-TL contact and in cultures without MSCs-TL contact (transwell), at different concentration of MSCs (ratio MSCs/TL: 0.3, 0.1, 0.03, 0.01). Expression of mRNA encoding cytokines and adhesion molecules produced by MSCs were analysed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Inhibitory cytokines studied were IDO, HLA-G, LIF, IL-10, TGF-b and HGF; adhesion molecules studied were VCAM and LFA3. Results of MSCs dose effect. In MLR with MSCs-TL contact, inhibition of proliferative index was related to the dose of MSCs. The percentage of inhibition was 74%, 60%, 48%, and 28% at ratio 0.3, 0.1, 0.03 and 0.01 respectively (p&lt;0.05). In MLR without MSCs-TL contact, no dose effect was observed: the percentage of inhibition was 48%, 46% and 46% at ratio 0.3, 0.1 and 0.03 respectively; no inhibition was observed at ratio 0.01. Results of comparison between inhibition with cell contact and without cell contact. At ratio 0.3 the percentage of inhibition was 74% with cell contact and 48% without cell contact (p&lt;0.05), at ration 0.1 the percentage of inhibition was 60% and 46% respectively (p&lt;0.05). These results confirmed that TL inhibition is mediated by soluble factors but is increased when MSCs and TL are in contact. Results of mRNA RT-PCR in MSCs showed an overexpression of IDO, HLA-G and LIF in cultures with cell contact and without cell contact. In cultures with cell contact an overexpression of IL10 and TGF-b was observed, but not in cultures without cell contact. Adhesion molecules VCAM and LFA3 were overexpressed in both types of cultures with and without cell contact. In conclusion although cell contact is not mandatory to inhibit T cell proliferation, inhibition is higher when TL and MSCs are in contact, concomitantly an overexpression of additional inhibitory molecules is observed.
Effect of Amine- and Stannous Fluoride on Human Neutrophil Functions in vitro (1997)

Amine fluoride (AmF)- and stannous fluoride (SnF2)-containing products were found to have a therapeutic effect on gingivitis and periodontitis. This effect was suggested to correlate with the antibacterial activity of the fluoride compounds. However, their effect on inflammatory cell function can also play a role in the therapeutic effect on gingival inflammation. The present study was designed to test the effects of AmF, SnF2, and an AmF/SnF2 combination on the function of human peripheral blood neutrophils, as compared with effects of chlorhexidine and salicylic acid. Neutrophils were isolated from human blood by ficoll centrifugation followed by dextran sedimentation. The neutrophils were pre-incubated with AmF, SnF2, or AmF/SnF2, followed by stimulation with fMLP. Cell vitality was verified by trypan-blue exclusion (> 95% vitality at all tested concentrations). Superoxide production was measured by cytochrome C reduction and the enzymatic activity of lysozyme and beta-glucoronidase by optical density measurement of substrate conversion. The results showed that AmF, SnF2, or AmF/SnF2 enhanced by two- to three-fold the superoxide release from fMLP-stimulated human neutrophils. Furthermore, the effective concentration of the AmF/SnF2 combination was several-fold lower than that of AmF or SnF2 alone (10 nM for AmF, 0.5 microM for SnF2, and 3 pM for SnF2/AmF). On the other hand, chlorhexidine and salicylic acid were found to reduce superoxide production by the cells. All the tested compounds had no effect on granular enzyme release by the stimulated neutrophils. The results suggest that AmF and SnF2 enhance the oxygen-dependent antibacterial activity of neutrophils. This effect may contribute to a more efficient elimination of bacteria from the periodontal environment, resulting in improvement in gingival health.