gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting link quality using supervised learning in wireless sensor networks (2007)

Routing protocols in sensor networks maintain information on neighbor states and potentially many other factors in order to make informed decisions. Challenges arise both in (a) performing accurate and adaptive information discovery and (b) processing/analyzing the gathered data to extract useful features and correlations. To address such challenges, this paper explores using supervised learning techniques to make informed decisions in the context of wireless sensor networks. We investigate the design space of both offline learning and online learning and use link quality estimation as a case study to evaluate their effectiveness. For this purpose, we present MetricMap, a metric-based collection routing protocol atop MintRoute that derives link quality using classifiers learned in the training phase, when the traditional ETX approach fails. The offline learning approach is evaluated on a 30-node sensor network testbed, and our results show that MetricMap can achieve up to 300% improvement over MintRoute in data delivery rate for high data rate situations, with no negative impact on other performance metrics. We also explore the possibility of using online learning in this paper.
Demons deformable registration of CT and cone‐beam CT using an iterative intensity matching approach (2011)

A method was developed to iteratively correct CT-CBCT intensity disparity during Demons registration, enabling fast, intensity-based registration in CBCT-guided procedures such as surgery and radiotherapy, in which CBCT voxel values may be inaccurate. Accurate CT-CBCT registration in turn facilitates registration of multimodality preoperative image and planning data to intraoperative CBCT by way of the preoperative CT, thereby linking the intraoperative frame of reference to a wealth of preoperative information that could improve interventional guidance.
A gene-derived SNP-based high resolution linkage map of carrot including the location of QTL conditioning root and leaf anthocyanin pigmentation (2014)

This study generated the first high resolution gene-derived SNP-based linkage map in the Apiaceae. Two regions of chromosome 3 with co-localized QTL for all anthocyanin pigments and for RTPE, largely condition anthocyanin accumulation in carrot roots and leaves. Loci controlling root and petiole anthocyanin pigmentation differ across diverse carrot genetic backgrounds.
Partial Correction of the Phagocyte Defect in Patients with X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease by Subcutaneous Interferon Gamma (1988)

Chronic granulomatous disease, a disorder of host defense, is characterized by an impairment in the killing of microbes that results from a defect in the production of superoxide anion by phagocytes. We examined the efficacy of interferon gamma, a physiologic activator of phagocytic-cell function, in the treatment of the disease. Two subcutaneous injections of recombinant interferon gamma (0.1 mg per square meter of body-surface area per dose) were administered on consecutive days to four patients with the X-linked form of the disease. Treatment resulted in 5- to 10-fold increases in superoxide production by granulocytes and monocytes; the improvement was sustained for more than two weeks. Granulocyte bactericidal activity rose proportionally. In the two most responsive patients, both phagocytic functions reached the normal range of activity. In association with these functional changes, we observed an increase in cellular contents of phagocyte cytochrome b (a critical component of the superoxide-producing oxidase) and immunoreactive cytochrome b heavy chain (the product of the gene that is defective in X-linked chronic granulomatous disease). Levels of cytochrome b detected by spectrophotometry rose from near zero to 10 to 50 percent of normal values. This study demonstrates partial correction of the cellular defects in chronic granulomatous disease by interferon gamma and provides a basis for clinical trials of the agent.
IBM POWER7+ processor on-chip accelerators for cryptography and active memory expansion (2013)

With the heightened focus on computer security, IBM POWER® server workloads are spending an increasing number of cycles performing cryptographic functions. Active memory expansion (AME), a technology to dynamically increase the effective memory capacity of a system by compressing and decompressing memory pages, is also enjoying increasing deployment in POWER server systems. Together, cryptography and AME consume enough central processing unit (CPU) cycles in a typical installation to warrant adding dedicated hardware accelerators on the processor chip to offload the compute-intensive parts of these functions from the processor cores. IBM POWER7+™ is the first POWER server to include on-chip hardware accelerators for symmetric (shared key) and asymmetric (public key) cryptography and memory compression/decompression for AME. A true random number generator (RNG) is also integrated on-chip. This paper describes the hardware accelerator framework, including location relative to the cores and memory, accelerator invocation, data movement, and error handling. A description of each type of accelerator follows, including details of supported algorithms and the corresponding hardware data flows. Algorithms supported include the Advanced Encryption Standard, Secure Hash Algorithm, and Message Digest 5 algorithm as bulk cryptographic functions; asymmetric cryptographic functions in support of RSA and elliptic curve cryptography; and a novel dictionary-based compression algorithm with high throughput supporting AME. A presentation of accelerator performance is included.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms following metal-on-metal implant failure with cobalt and chromium toxicity (2017)

We found neurocognitive and depressive deficits after cobalt and chromium metallosis following MoM implant failure. Larger studies of neurocognitive effects are indicated in this group. There may be implications for public health.
HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers Display Open Quaternary Conformation When Bound to the gp41 Membrane-Proximal External-Region-Directed Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Z13e1 (2013)

We describe cryo-electron microscopic studies of the interaction between the ectodomain of the trimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) and Z13e1, a broadly neutralizing antibody that targets the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of the gp41 subunit. We show that Z13e1-bound Env displays an open quaternary conformation similar to the CD4-bound conformation. Our results support the idea that MPER-directed antibodies, such as Z13e1, block viral entry by interacting with Env at a step after CD4 activation.
Development of an instrument to measure pain in rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain Scale (RAPS) (2001)

The study's findings provided support for RAPS as a reliable and valid measurement of rheumatoid arthritis pain. Assessment of rheumatoid arthritis pain and its relationship to treatment outcomes could significantly impact the treatment interventions.
100 Years of "Just Say No" Versus "Just Say Know" (1998)

Through comparative socio-historical analysis of American school-based drug education, this review critically examines past perspectives and practices and how they shaped current programs. Among the key findings emerging from this analysis: Contrary to the popular belief that drug education began in the 1960s, its roots actually go back at least 115 years to the advent of compulsory temperance instruction. Although the particular substances targeted by such approaches have changed, the underlying approaches and dominant "no-substance-use" injunction has not. Despite the existence of "informed choice" approaches, throughout much of this period, evaluation efforts continue to be constrained by the limited dictates of "no-use" perspectives. A pragmatic alternative to contemporary "Just Say No" education is offered that strives to minimize potential harm resulting from the uninformed misuse of licit and illicit substances. A unique evaluative strategy designed to assess the effectiveness of this form of "informed choice" or "harm reduction" drug education is discussed.
Phase III Trial of PROSTVAC in Asymptomatic or Minimally Symptomatic Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (2019)

Whereas PROSTVAC was safe and well tolerated, it had no effect on OS or AWE in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Combination therapy is currently being explored in clinical trials.
Development of an operational synaptobrevin‐based fluorescent substrate for tetanus neurotoxin quantification (2002)

Tetanus neurotoxin (TTx), produced by Clostridium tetani, is a two-chain polypeptide with a heavy molecular chain (HC; 100 kDa) and a light molecular chain (LC; 50 kDa) linked by a disulphide bridge. The low-molecular-mass chain is classified as a zinc metalloprotease (EC 3.4.24.68) with specific hydrolysis on synaptobrevin. With the known enzymic activity for the LC of TTx, we developed a quantification method using a quenched fluorescence peptide substrate based on the synaptobrevin sequence (fragments 73-82), suitable for direct determination of the whole TTx (HC+LC) even in crude production batches, without the necessity of purification and reduction steps to isolate the LC of TTx. The rate of substrate hydrolysis was 200 nmol/min and it was totally inhibited by EDTA, anti-recombinant fragment C antibody, and the cleavage was in a single bond (Gln-Phe) with purified and crude TTx. Besides, ELISA applied to the anti-TTx serum produced at our Institute showed cross-reaction with every fraction of the crude TTx extract. Another aspect is that TTx activity depends on the storage time, reaching a maximum on day 10. The results obtained suggest that the use of the new fluorescent substrate, Abz-synaptobrevin(73-82)-EDDnp, enables easy and quick determination of TTx. It is a good alternative to some of the existing methods such as flocculation assay, and it can replace, under some conditions, the biological assays (minimal mortal dose).
Enzymes-resistant starch (RS III) from pullulanase- debranched high amylose rice starch. (2008)

In this study, a debranching enzyme (Pullulanase, EC. 232-983-9P, 8U/g starch at 55°C for 0 to 48 hr) was introduced to modify the amylopectin molecules of 15% (w/w) high amylose (32.10%) rice starches suspension which were gelatinized at 75°C for 30 min. The result showed that the retrogradation of debranched starches with different degree of hydrolysis were yielded 0.14 to 1.55% which each samples was then induced at 4°C for 16 hr. Afterward, the one freeze-thaw cycle process (-10/30°C) was applied to promote syneresis of retrograded starches. It was shown that pullulanase hydrolysis improved the degree of retrogradation from 28.10 to 54.53%. The resistant starch content of the RS III sample increased from 4.80 to 12.33% by 0 to 48 hr, respectively. Results showed that after debranching, starch molecule had rearranged and changed their crystal pattern from A to V-type by Xray diffraction analysis. The RS III sample formed a coarse honeycomb-like and filamentous network structure was observed with Scanning Electron Microscope. The estimated hydrolysis index and glycemic index of the RS III samples were between 35.61% to 62.70% and 59.29% to 73.47% respectively.
Transcriptional Repression by the SMRT-mSin3 Corepressor: Multiple Interactions, Multiple Mechanisms, and a Potential Role for TFIIB (1998)

A variety of eukaryotic transcription factors, including the nuclear hormone receptors, Max-Mad, BCL-6, and PLZF, appear to mediate transcriptional repression through the ability to recruit a multiprotein corepressor complex to the target promoter. This corepressor complex includes the SMRT/N-CoR polypeptides, mSin3A or -B, and histone deacetylase 1 or 2. The presence of a histone-modifying activity in the corepressor complex has led to the suggestion that gene silencing is mediated by modification of the chromatin template, perhaps rendering it less accessible to the transcriptional machinery. We report here, however, that the corepressor complex actually appears to exhibit multiple mechanisms of transcriptional repression, only one of which corresponds with detectable recruitment of the histone deacetylase. We provide evidence instead of an alternative pathway of repression that may be mediated by direct physical interactions between components of the corepressor complex and the general transcription factor TFIIB.
Sensitive detection of optical rotation in liquids by reflection polarimetry (1993)

We describe a sensitive polarimeter for measuring optical rotation induced by chiral molecules in solution that operates in the reflectance mode. A polarized light beam is made to pass through a liquid sample two or more times before detection by reflecting the beam from the surface of the sample container. The optical activity of the sample is measured using a differential polarization detector. Our results show that, for certain initial polarization states and angular orientations of the beam with respect to the glass interfaces, high sensitivity to changes in the concentration of the sample can be achieved. Results of a theoretical analysis of the technique were confirmed by experiments in which optical rotation of glucose in water was measured using a simple apparatus that employs a light-emitting diode source. Glucose sensing in vivo and on-line monitoring of industrial processes using integrated optoelectronic sensors are discussed as potential applications.
Some Kinematic Structures for Robot Manipulator Designs (1983)

Some kinematic structures suitable for use in robot manipulator designs are constructed in terms of components. General properties of kinematic structures are considered and a method for combining two structures given. Two types of component, namely actuation and distribution components, are specified. Modification of the kinematic structures is effected by transfer of drives. Existing designs for robot manipulators are examined in terms of their kinematic structures and some new designs are generated.
The antineoplastic and biochemical effects of some 5-fluoropyrimidines. (1967)

The comparative growth-inhibitory activities of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 4-hydroxy-5-fluoropyrimidine (4-HFP), and 2-hydroxy-5-fluoropyrimidine (2-HFP) were measured on Sarcoma 180 ascites cells. A marked extension of the life-span of tumor-bearing mice was afforded by i.p. injections of 5-FU, whereas both 4-HFP and 2-HFP were only weakly active. Sarcoma 180 ascites cells converted both 4-HFP and 5-FU into mono-, di-, and trinucleotide forms of 5-FU and incorporated the 5-fluoropyrimidines into RNA exclusively as 5-FU. Mice given i.p. injections of 4-HFP excreted the compound into the urine primarily as 5-FU and its metabolites. The incorporation of formate-14C into the thymine of DNA was inhibited by 5-FU, 4-HFP, and 2-HFP; measurement of the duration of inhibition by molar equivalent doses of these agents indicated that the longevity of blockade was greatest with 5-FU, while that caused by 2-HFP was the shortest. Administration of an inhibitor of the activity of xanthine oxidase, 4-hydroxypyrazolo(3,4- d )pyrimidine, reduced not only the slight tumor inhibition and toxicity produced by 4-HFP, but also the conversion of this agent to 5-FU and its metabolites and the degree of inhibition of the incorporation of formate-14C into DNA, suggesting that in order to manifest biologic and biochemical activity, 4-HFP must be converted to 5-FU. The incorporation of formate-14C and hypoxanthine-8-14C into the guanine of the nucleic acids was inhibited by 5-FU, whereas the utilization of these isotopic substrates for the formation of nucleic acid adenine was unaffected. The incorporation of guanine-8-14C into the guanine and adenine of the nucleic acid also was insensitive to the action of 5-FU, suggesting the presence of a 5-FU-sensitive site on the pathway from inosine 5′-phosphate to guanosine 5′-phosphate. The possible significance of these findings is discussed.
Wideband Bessel function chirp signals and their application to the test and evaluation of audio systems (2009)

A method is presented for generating a maximally-flat chirp signal whose effective duration is controllable by a single parameter. A sequence of discrete sample values is calculated, each of which is equal to the nth-order Bessel function at a fixed argument. The effective duration of this sequence is approximately twice the value of the argument. Standard analog-to-digital conversion methods can be used to produce a time-varying analog signal for system test and evaluation. The utility of these signals is demonstrated by their application to the spectral analysis of audio systems including multimedia sound cards and a cassette tape recorder.
Stimulated emission from current injected InGaN/AlGaNsurfaceemitting diode with Al reflector at room temperature (1996)

The authors report the first observation of stimulated emission from a pulsed current injected InGaN/AlGaN surface emitting diode with Al reflectors at room temperature. The InGaN/AlGaN surface emitting diode, which consists of Al reflectors as top and bottom mirrors, was grown on a sapphire substrate using metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. The emission at 380 nm exhibited a spectral narrowing, a superlinear dependence of output intensity on injected current, and a shift of the peak emission towards longer wavelengths under a pulsed condition at room temperature.
Search pattern in a verbally reported visual scanning test in patients showing spatial neglect (2002)

The present study of right hemisphere stroke patients showed that presence of visuospatial neglect in conventional neglect tests at the postacute stage was strongly associated with an aberrant search pattern in a verbally reported visuo-perceptual scanning test. Compared with normal controls, patients with visuospatial neglect showed a greater proportion of repeated readings of the same target, shorter search sequences, more shifts between horizontal, vertical, and diagonal search, and lower proportion of horizontal search. The relation between spatial neglect and a deficient search pattern was strongly influenced by the asymmetric allocation of attention in the scanning test, with the exception for the proportion of repeated reading which was not influenced by this asymmetry. At follow-up, a significant recovery was noted in the neglect group for the proportion of repeated readings and for the asymmetry in the allocation of attention. However, a high number of omitted targets in the search test was still a common finding in the neglect group and it was suggested that a non-lateralized attentional deficit may have played an important role behind the ineffective search at this point of time.
Alzheimer disease classification using <scp>KPCA</scp>, <scp>LDA</scp>, and multi‐kernel learning <scp>SVM</scp> (2017)

Abstract Early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is always useful. Preventive measures might have an impact on reducing AD risk factors. Structural magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, one of the vital sensitive biomarkers for cerebral atrophy in the brain, is used to extract volumetric feature by FreeSurfer and the CIVET toolbox. All of the structural magnetic resonance imaging (s‐MRI) data that we used were downloaded from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (adni.loni.usc.edu) of imaging data. This novel approach is applied for the diagnosis of AD and MCI from healthy controls (HCs) combining extracted features with the MMSE (mini‐mental state examination) scores, applying a two sample t ‐test to select a subset of features. The subset of features is fed to kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) module to project data onto the reduced principal component coefficients at higher dimensional kernel space to increase the linear separability. Then, the kernel PCA coefficients are projected into the more efficient linear discriminant space using linear discriminant analysis. A multi‐kernel learning support vector machine (SVM) is used on newly projected data for stratification of AD and MCI from HCs. Using this approach, we obtain 93.85% classification accuracy when detecting AD from HCs for segmented volumetric features (using FreeSurfer) with high sensitivity and specificity. When distinguishing MCI from HCs and AD using volumetric features after subcortical segmentation, the detection rate reaches 86.54% and 75.12%, respectively.
Combinación de tratamientos en el edema macular diabético (2016)

espanolEn el tratamiento del edema macular diabetico existen diversas estrategias terapeuticas, tal y como se ha ido viendo en los capitulos previos. El uso combinado de estos tratamientos, ya sea de manera secuencial o solapada durante la ventana terapeutica de cada farmaco, ofrece ventajas interesantes para los pacientes que son pobres respondedores al tratamiento en monoterapia. Los diferentes estudios realizados al respecto ofrecen resultados que son, a veces contradictorios, y son necesarios ensayos clinicos a largo plazo que puedan comparar los tratamientos en monoterapia con las diferentes combinaciones terapeuticas. Por tanto, en el uso combinado de los tratamientos para el edema macular diabetico se deberia individualizar cada caso y tener en cuenta los efectos secundarios aditivos. EnglishIn the treatment of diabetic macular edema there are several therapeutic strategies, as it has been explained in previous chapters. The combined use of these treatments, either sequentially or overlapping manner during the therapeutic window of each drug, offers interesting advantages for patients who are poor responders to monotherapy. The different studies performed until now provide results that are sometimes contradictory and are necessary long-term clinical trials that compare treatments in monotherapy with different therapeutic combinations. Therefore, each case should be individualized and take into account the additive side effects. catalaEn el tractament de l’edema macular diabetic hi han diverses estrategies terapeutiques, tal com s’ha anat veient en els capitols previs. L’us combinat d’aquests tractaments, ja sigui de manera sequencial o solapada durant la finestra terapeutica de cada farmac, ofereix avantatges interessants pels pacients que son pobres responedors al tractament en monoterapia. Els diferents estudis realitzats al respecte ofereixen resultats que son, a vegades contradictoris, i son necessaris assajos clinics a llarg termini que puguin comparar els tractaments en monoterapia amb les diferents combinacions terapeutiques. Per tant, a l’us combinat dels tractaments per l’edema macular diabetic s’hauria d’individualitzar cada cas i tenir en compte els efectes secundaris additius.
Activation of CDC 25 phosphatase and CDC 2 kinase involved in GL331-induced apoptosis. (1997)

CDC 25 is a dual phosphatase responsible for dephosphorylation and, thus, activation of CDC 2 kinase in G2. Abnormal activation of cyclin B-associated CDC 2 kinase has been implicated in apoptosis induced by cancer chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel (Taxol) and etoposide (VP-16). In this study, we found that the CDC 2 kinase could be transiently activated when nasopharyngeal carcinoma NPC-TW01 cells were treated for 3 h with a new anticancer agent, GL331. GL331 treatment also induced a concomitant increase in CDC 25A phosphatase activity and a reduced level of Tyr-15-phosphorylated CDC 2 in NPC-TW01 cells. Furthermore, subsequent apoptotic DNA fragmentation induced by GL331 could be interrupted by treatment of the cells with the cyclin B1-specific antisense oligonucleotides, suggesting that abnormal activation of cyclin B1-associated CDC 2 kinase and CDC 25A phosphatase was involved in GL331-induced apoptosis. Raf-1 has been shown to associate with CDC 25A and, thus, to stimulate its phosphatase activity. Our results revealed that GL331 could facilitate the association of CDC 25A with Raf-1, resulting in the cascade of CDC 25A phosphatase activation and CDC 2 kinase activation, as well as related signaling pathways, and ultimately causing apoptosis in cancer cells.