gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
First Successful Metal Coordination Control in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. High-Rate Acceleration and Regio- and Stereocontrol of Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions to the Magnesium Alkoxides of Allylic and Homoallylic Alcohols (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFirst Successful Metal Coordination Control in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions. High-Rate Acceleration and Regio- and Stereocontrol of Nitrile Oxide Cycloadditions to the Magnesium Alkoxides of Allylic and Homoallylic AlcoholsShuji Kanemasa, Masaki Nishiuchi, Akio Kamimura, and Kenzi HoriCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 6, 2324–2339Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00085a012RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1762Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (3 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Correlation-log-based underwater navigation (2002)

A navigation system for a launch-and-forget autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) that can be realized with commercially available components is described. The navigation system will be truly autonomous, requiring only a knowledge of the vehicle's initial position and attitude. The launch-and-forget requirement is shown to restrict navigation options to either an inertial navigation system or an arrangement using sonar-based two-axis speed-over-the-ground measurements (sonar velocity logging) and a heading reference device. Simple simulation modeling based on component accuracies shows that the sonar velocity logging method is a feasible proposition that will satisfy the navigation requirement. Commercially available sonar velocity logs operate on either a Doppler shift or a correlation principle. The merits of each in their application to the AUV navigation problem are discussed, and it is concluded that the correlation velocity log offers significant advantages over the Doppler log. The accuracy of the correlation log is shown to be less sensitive to mounting alignment errors and to the effects of vehicle pitch and roll.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Scattering Spectra of Single Gold Nanoshells (2004)

Single particle dark field spectroscopy has been combined with high-resolution scanning electron and atomic force microscopy to study the scattering spectra of single gold/silica nanoshells. The plasmon resonant peak energies match those calculated by Mie theory based on the nanoshell geometry. The resonance line widths fit Mie theory without the inclusion of a size-dependent surface scattering term, which is often included to fit ensemble measurements. These results suggest that plasmon spectral measurements of nanoparticle ensembles are broadened due to particle inhomogeneity.
Siglec-E Is Up-Regulated and Phosphorylated Following Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation in Order to Limit TLR-Driven Cytokine Production (2009)

Although production of cytokines by TLR is essential for viral and bacterial clearance, overproduction can be detrimental, thus controlling these responses is essential. CD33-related sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin receptors (Siglecs) have been implicated in the control of leukocyte responses. In this study, we report that murine Siglec-E is induced by TLRs in a MyD88-specific manner, is tyrosine phosphorylated following LPS stimulation, and negatively regulates TLR responses. Specifically, we demonstrate the Siglec-E expression inhibits TLR-induced NF-kappaB and more importantly, the induction of the antiviral cytokines IFN-beta and RANTES. Siglec-E mediates its inhibitory effects on TIR domain containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta (TRIF)-dependent cytokine production via recruitment of the tyrosine [corrected] phosphatase SHP2 and subsequent inhibition of TBK1 activity as evidenced by enhanced TBK1 phosphorylation in cells following knockdown of Siglec-E expression. Taken together, our results demonstrate a novel role for Siglec-E in controlling the antiviral response to TLRs and thus helping to maintain a healthy cytokine balance following infection.
Principles of electron beam technology (1972)

Principles associated with generation and manipulation of electron beams are reviewed along with aspects of vacuum technology and materials technology. Information is included on the history and present status of electron beam technology. It is noted that new applications are expected in component coating processes, annealing processes, and for high vacuum formation of organic polymers. (JRD)
Sputtering deposition of Al-doped zinc oxide thin films using mixed powder targets (2015)

Abstract Sputtering deposition generally uses high-density bulk targets. Such a fabrication process has various problems including deterioration of the material during heating and difficulty in mixing a large number of materials in precise proportions. However, these problems can be solved by using a powder target. In this study, we prepared Al-doped ZnO (AZO) as transparent conductive thin films by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering with powder and bulk targets. Both the powder and bulk targets formed crystalline structures. The ZnO (002) peak was observed in the X-ray diffraction measurements. The mean transparency and resistivity of the films prepared with the powder target were 82% and 0.548 Ω · cm, respectively. The deposition rate with the powder target was lower than that with the bulk target.
Robonaut task learning through teleoperation (2004)

This paper addresses the problem of automatic skill acquisition by a robot. It reports that six trials of a reach-grasp-release-retract skill are sufficient for learning a canonical description of the task under the following circumstances: The robot is Robonaut, NASA's space-capable, dexterous humanoid. Robonaut was teleoperated by a person using full immersion Virtual Reality technology that transforms the operator's arm and hand motions into those of the robot. The operator's sole source of real-time feedback was visual. During the six trials all of the Robot's sensory inputs and motor control parameters were recorded as time-series. Later the time-series from each trial was partitioned into the same number of episodes as a function of changes in the motor parameter sequence. The episodes were time normalized and averaged across trials The resultant motor parameter sequence and sensor signals were used to control the robot without the teleoperator. The robot was able to perform the task autonomously with robot starting positions and object locations both similar to, and different from the original trials.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate lung cancer growth (2013)

Ion channels modulate ion flux across cell membranes, activate signal transduction pathways, and influence cellular transport-vital biological functions that are inexorably linked to cellular processes that go awry during carcinogenesis. Indeed, deregulation of ion channel function has been implicated in cancer-related phenomena such as unrestrained cell proliferation and apoptotic evasion. As the prototype for ligand-gated ion channels, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been extensively studied in the context of neuronal cells but accumulating evidence also indicate a role for nAChRs in carcinogenesis. Recently, variants in the nAChR genes CHRNA3, CHRNA5, and CHRNB4 have been implicated in nicotine dependence and lung cancer susceptibility. Here, we silenced the expression of these three genes to investigate their function in lung cancer. We show that these genes are necessary for the viability of small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC), the most aggressive type of lung cancer. Furthermore, we show that nicotine promotes SCLC cell viability whereas an α3β4-selective antagonist, α-conotoxin AuIB, inhibits it. Our findings posit a mechanism whereby signaling via α3/α5/β4-containing nAChRs promotes lung carcinogenesis.
The Synthesis of a Single Enantiomer of a Major α‐Mycolic Acid of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
On the limits of PCI auto configuration and reuse in 4G/5G ultra dense networks (2015)

Increased demand for higher user throughput has led to deployment of multi-layer networks commonly called heterogeneous networks (Hetnets). Therein, small cells are deployed alongside traditional macro cells, in many cases on the same spectrum. Such scenarios complicate the configuration of network parameters such as the Physical Cell Identity (PCI). A number of approaches have as such been proposed to automate the allocation of PCIs in such scenarios. These approaches seek to address the two conflicting objectives for PCI assignment in a hetnet scenario: 1) the need for optimal performance by avoiding conflicts, against 2) the requirement to separate the different layers and avoid any need to share knowledge among the layers. However, as the density of small cells increases evolving the Hetnets into what are called Ultra Dense Networks (UDN), these approaches reach their limits. In this paper, we study the performance of the current PCI allocation strategies in such UDN scenarios and evaluate their break down points. Our results show that these strategies do not adequately address PCI allocation for the UDN scenario. Specifically, we observe that PCI assignment in one layer requires knowledge of the assignments in the other layer, otherwise the consequence is a very high count of PCI confusions.
A region of the insulin receptor important for ligand binding (residues 450-601) is recognized by patients' autoimmune antibodies and inhibitory monoclonal antibodies. (1991)

Chimeric receptors containing different portions of the homologous human insulin receptor, insulin-like growth factor I receptor, and insulin receptor-related receptor were utilized to identify the epitopes recognized by various anti-insulin receptor antibodies. The antibodies studied included 12 monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular domain of the human insulin receptor as well as 15 patients' sera with autoimmune anti-insulin receptor antibodies. All of the patients' sera and all 8 monoclonal antibodies that inhibit insulin binding were found to recognize an epitope contained within residues 450-601 of the alpha subunit of the receptor. In contrast, 2 monoclonal antibodies that do not inhibit insulin binding were found to recognize the cysteine-rich region of the alpha subunit. Chimeric insulin receptors that had residues 450-601 replaced with the homologous residues of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor exhibited a decreased ability to bind insulin. In contrast, insulin-like growth factor I receptors that have had the comparable region replaced with that of the insulin receptor showed no decrease in their ability to bind ligand. These results indicate that residues 450-601 of the insulin receptor are important for insulin binding and include the major site for recognition by inhibitory monoclonal antibodies and patients' autoimmune anti-receptor antibodies.
Hepatic inferior vena cava obstruction: treatment of two types with Gianturco expandable metallic stents. (1990)

Gianturco expandable metallic stents were used for treating six patients with inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction due to compression by large hepatic tumors and three patients with idiopathic obstruction of the hepatic IVC and Budd-Chiari syndrome who showed reocclusion or stenosis 3-21 months after previously performed percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). In all six patients with compression by hepatic tumors, stents dilated the IVC and debilitating edema of the lower body disappeared. In the three patients with idiopathic obstruction, stents were placed after repeat dilation of the lesions and Budd-Chiari syndrome did not recur during a follow-up period of 7-10 months. In two of the three, cavograms obtained 8 months after placement showed the channels to be open with minimal intimal thickening. Gianturco expandable metallic stents can correct IVC obstruction due to compression by hepatic tumors and are useful in preventing reocclusion of the IVC after PTA for the treatment of idiopathic obstruction. The authors recommend using tanem stents connected by at least two struts.
XLVI.<i>Hydrokinetic solutions and observations</i> (1871)

(1871). XLVI. Hydrokinetic solutions and observations. The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science: Vol. 42, No. 281, pp. 362-377.
Detection Theory: A User's Guide (1991)

Both a user's guide and a theoretical exposition of modern detection theory, incorporating recent developments and covering the two major alternative versions of detection theory.
Randomized mutual exclusion algorithms revisited (1992)

In [4] a randomized algorithm for mutual exclusion with bounded waiting, employing a logarithmic sized shared variable, was given. Saias and Lynch [5] pointed out that the adversary scheduler postulated in the above paper can observe the behavior of processes in the interval between an opening of the critical section and the next closing of the critical section. it can then draw conclusions about values of their local variables as well as the value of the randomized round number component of the shared variable, and arrange the schedule so as to discriminate against a chosen process. This invalidates the claimed properties of the algorithm.
A Transposon-Derived DNA Polymerase from Entamoeba histolytica Displays Intrinsic Strand Displacement, Processivity and Lesion Bypass (2012)

Entamoeba histolytica encodes four family B2 DNA polymerases that vary in amino acid length from 813 to 1279. These DNA polymerases contain a N-terminal domain with no homology to other proteins and a C-terminal domain with high amino acid identity to archetypical family B2 DNA polymerases. A phylogenetic analysis indicates that these family B2 DNA polymerases are grouped with DNA polymerases from transposable elements dubbed Polintons or Mavericks. In this work, we report the cloning and biochemical characterization of the smallest family B2 DNA polymerase from E. histolytica. To facilitate its characterization we subcloned its 660 amino acids C-terminal region that comprises the complete exonuclease and DNA polymerization domains, dubbed throughout this work as EhDNApolB2. We found that EhDNApolB2 displays remarkable strand displacement, processivity and efficiently bypasses the DNA lesions: 8-oxo guanosine and abasic site.Family B2 DNA polymerases from T. vaginalis, G. lambia and E. histolytica contain a Terminal Region Protein 2 (TPR2) motif twice the length of the TPR2 from φ29 DNA polymerase. Deletion studies demonstrate that as in φ29 DNA polymerase, the TPR2 motif of EhDNApolB2 is solely responsible of strand displacement and processivity. Interestingly the TPR2 of EhDNApolB2 is also responsible for efficient abasic site bypass. These data suggests that the 21 extra amino acids of the TPR2 motif may shape the active site of EhDNApolB2 to efficiently incorporate and extended opposite an abasic site. Herein we demonstrate that an open reading frame derived from Politons-Mavericks in parasitic protozoa encode a functional enzyme and our findings support the notion that the introduction of novel motifs in DNA polymerases can confer specialized properties to a conserved scaffold.
SnO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles with Controlled Carbon Nanocoating as High-Capacity Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2009)

We demonstrate a facile route for the scalable synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles with controlled carbon nanocoating for use as high-capacity anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. SnO2 nanoparticles with size in the range of 6 −10 nm are produced via a simple hydrothermal method with high yield, which are then encapsulated by a carbon layer through a modified method. The weight fraction of carbon present in the final product can be readily tuned by varying the concentration of glucose used during the hydrothermal coating process. A systematic study has been carried out to examine the effect of carbon content upon lithium-ion battery performance. It is found that the optimized SnO2@carbon nanoparticles manifest excellent lithium storage properties. As an example, SnO2@carbon with 8 wt % carbon can deliver a capacity as high as 631 mA h g−1 even after 100 charge/discharge cycles at a current drain of 400 mA g−1.
Effects of 6H-SiC surface reconstruction on lattice relaxation of AlN buffer layers in molecular-beam epitaxial growth of GaN (2002)

Growth of GaN on on-axis 6H-SiC (0001)Si substrates with an AlN buffer layer was performed by molecular-beam epitaxy. The effects of SiC surface reconstruction on the lattice relaxation of AlN buffer layers and the crystalline quality of GaN layers were studied. High-temperature HCl-gas etching followed by HF chemical treatment resulted in an atomically flat SiC surface with a 1×1 structure. The AlN layer grown on the surface showed slow lattice relaxation. GaN grown on the AlN buffer layer exhibited the narrowest (0002) x-ray rocking curve of 70 arcsec and 107 cm−2 screw-type dislocation density, which was two orders of magnitude smaller than that of GaN grown on as-received substrates.
Ultrafast Guest Dynamics in Cyclodextrin Nanocavities (2004)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUltrafast Guest Dynamics in Cyclodextrin NanocavitiesAbderrazzak DouhalView Author Information Departamento de Química Física, Sección de Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, S.N. 45071 Toledo, Spain Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4, 1955–1976Publication Date (Web):March 9, 2004Publication History Received3 September 2003Published online9 March 2004Published inissue 1 April 2004https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr020669jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr020669jresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2004 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3655Altmetric-Citations269LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Cavities,Dyes and pigments,Iodine,Molecules,Quantum mechanics Get e-Alerts
Grafting of 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate onto Potato Starch Using Potassium Permanganate/Sulfuric Acid Initiation System (2001)

Graft copolymerization of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate onto potato starch was carried out in an aqueous medium using a potassium permanganate/sulfuric acid initiation system. The grafting percentage and grafting efficiency were determined as functions of the concentrations of potassium permanganate, sulfuric acid and the monomer, and also polymerization temperature and time. The IR spectrum of the graft copolymer showed the peaks characteristic of the grafted chains. The grafting percentage and grafting efficiency increased and then decreased with increasing the concentrations of potassium permanganate, sulfuric acid, and the monomer, as well as polymerization temperature. The grafting reaction was characterized by an initial fast rate followed a lower rate which leveled off after a certain time. The overall activation energy for the grafting was estimated to be 66.9 kJ/mol.
<title>Using the Shack-Hartmann system for a complete analysis of optical telescopes</title> (1997)

We have developed a SHack-Hartmann system, which has been extensively used to test various telescope around the world over the past 5 years. In this paper we describe the instrument and the software, and indicate how they have been used to measure the optical aberrations in terms of coma, spherical aberration etc. We also show how our system can be used to identify less obvious problems like telescope support errors and dome and mirror seeing.
Entangled Photon Pairs from Semiconductor Quantum Dots (2006)

Tomographic analysis demonstrates that the polarization state of pairs of photons emitted from a biexciton decay cascade becomes entangled when spectral filtering is applied. The measured density matrix of the photon pair satisfies the Peres criterion for entanglement by more than 3 standard deviations of the experimental uncertainty and violates Bell's inequality. We show that the spectral filtering erases the "which path" information contained in the photons' color and that the remanent information in the quantum dot degrees of freedom is negligible.
Pressure‐Temperature Phase Diagram of Zirconia (1985)

The pressure‐temperature phase diagram of zirconia was determined by optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction techniques using a diamond anvil pressure cell. At room temperature, monoclinic ZrO 2 transforms to a tetragonal phase ( t II) which is related to the high‐temperature tetragonal structure ( t I). The transformation pressure exhibits hysteresis and is cycle dependent. At room temperature, the initial transformation pressure for the monoclinic‐ t II transition on a virgin monoclinic crystal can be as high as 4.4 GPa; on subsequent cycling the transition pressure ultimately lowers to 3.29 ± 0.06 GPa. The pressure for the reverse transition is essentially constant at 2.75 ± 0.06 GPa. At pressures > 16.6 GPa, the t II form transforms to the orthorhombic cotunnite (PbCl 2 ) structure. With increasing temperature, the t II form transforms to the high‐temperature tetragonal phase. For increasing P and T , the monoclinic‐ t I‐ t II triple point is located at T = 596°± 18°C and P = 2.26 ± 0.28 GPa, whereas for decreasing P and T , the triple point is found at T = 535°± 25°C and P = 1.7 ± 0.28 GPa.