gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revised method of 1H-NMR urinalysis for detecting inborn errors of metabolism. (1987)

Journal Article Revised method of 1H-NMR urinalysis for detecting inborn errors of metabolism. Get access H Yamamoto, H Yamamoto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N Koda, N Koda Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S Yamaguchi, S Yamaguchi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y Eto, Y Eto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K Aoki K Aoki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 33, Issue 5, 1 May 1987, Pages 714–715, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/33.5.714 Published: 01 May 1987
Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Motion Planning and Control with Safety Constraints Using Conditional Value-at-Risk (2020)

In this paper, we propose an optimization-based decision-making tool for safe motion planning and control in an environment with randomly moving obstacles. The unique feature of the proposed method is that it limits the risk of unsafety by a pre-specified threshold even when the true probability distribution of the obstacles' movements deviates, within a Wasserstein ball, from an available empirical distribution. Another advantage is that it provides a probabilistic out-of-sample performance guarantee of the risk constraint. To develop a computationally tractable method for solving the distributionally robust model predictive control problem, we propose a set of reformulation procedures using (i) the Kantorovich duality principle, (ii) the extremal representation of conditional value-at-risk, and (iii) a geometric expression of the distance to the union of halfspaces. The performance and utility of this distributionally robust method are demonstrated through simulations using a 12D quadrotor model in a 3D environment.
A Mobile Robot Localization via Indoor Fixed Remote Surveillance Cameras (2016)

Localization, which is a technique required by service robots to operate indoors, has been studied in various ways. Most localization techniques have the robot measure environmental information to obtain location information; however, this is a high-cost option because it uses extensive equipment and complicates robot development. If an external device is used to determine a robot's location and transmit this information to the robot, the cost of internal equipment required for location recognition can be reduced. This will simplify robot development. Thus, this study presents an effective method to control robots by obtaining their location information using a map constructed by visual information from surveillance cameras installed indoors. With only a single image of an object, it is difficult to gauge its size due to occlusion. Therefore, we propose a localization method using several neighboring surveillance cameras. A two-dimensional map containing robot and object position information is constructed using images of the cameras. The concept of this technique is based on modeling the four edges of the projected image of the field of coverage of the camera and an image processing algorithm of the finding object's center for enhancing the location estimation of objects of interest. We experimentally demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method by analyzing the resulting movement of a robot in response to the location information obtained from the two-dimensional map. The accuracy of the multi-camera setup was measured in advance.
HELP IN CUTTING LEAD PAINT ABATEMENT COSTS ON ITS WAY... (1995)

Article describing how a chemical stabilizer may allow lead paint waste to be disposed of in regular landfills. The additive, called Blastox(tm), is a chemical stabilizer based on calcium silicate. Its manufacturer, TDJ Group of Cary, IL, says that when the spent abrasive blast media containing lead paint and Blastox(tm) weathers, lead leaches out of the paint chips and reacts with the calcium silicate to form insoluble lead silicates. Previous research has shown that lead silicates are among the most stable forms of lead, along with lead phosphates and sulfates. In separate trial tests on the same building at Fort Meade, Maryland, the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (CERL) tested the waste material from its demonstrations using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and found it to leach less than five parts per million (ppm) lead. Similar results were reproduced at Forts Carson and Hood.
Subsea Sensors for Non-Intrusive Monitoring of Temperature, Pressure and Asset Integrity (2010)

Abstract The growth in deep water field developments and the need for increased oil recovery with reduced capital expenditure are pushing the technical boundaries of subsea asset design. One of the challenges facing these new developments is monitoring the structural health of their subsea production asset in an inherently inaccessible location. This is usually done through structural modeling and either spot monitoring campaigns using MEMS accelerometers or through subsea conventional strain gauges. Both technics present weaknesses: MEMS sensors usually require a great deal of data processing to obtain functional strain information at a desired location and strain gauges are complicated to install in a marine environment, many failing during pressure testing or installation. Both are also suseptible to electromagnetic fields which can biais their measurement. This paper presents details of a new non-intrusive integrity monitoring sensor systems recently deployed in the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa on production lines. Inherently reliable, as presenting no moving parts, these sensors use optical fibers embedded within a composite frame for their measurements. Using field proven subsea fiber optic mapping technology these systems have delivered high frequency un-biaised, on the pipe, strain from which is derived pipe bending and axial loading in addition to temperature and pressure monitoring. By providing electromagneticly immune, low noise, un-biaised, strain measurements to structural engineers to verify and improve their fatigue behaviour models, the non-intursive integrity monitoring system has proven a reliable alternative to MEMS and strain gauges. Furthermore unlike alternative solutions, this system also monitors pressure, illustrating this technology's capability at providing production and flow assurance data in addition to integrity data making it an ideal tool within a subsea production surveillance strategy.
High-fidelity state detection and tomography of a single-ion Zeeman qubit (2011)

We demonstrate high-fidelity Zeeman qubit state detection in a single trapped 88 Sr+ ion. Qubit readout is performed by shelving one of the qubit states to a metastable level using a narrow linewidth diode laser at 674 nm followed by state-selective fluorescence detection. The average fidelity reached for the readout of the qubit state is 0.9989(1). We then measure the fidelity of state tomography, averaged over all possible single-qubit states, which is 0.9979(2). We also fully characterize the detection process using quantum process tomography. This readout fidelity is compatible with recent estimates of the detection error-threshold required for fault-tolerant computation, whereas high-fidelity state tomography opens the way for high-precision quantum process tomography.
Hydrolysis of polyurethane foam waste (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHydrolysis of polyurethane foam wasteLee R. Mahoney, Steven A. Weiner, and Fred C. FerrisCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1974, 8, 2, 135–139Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60087a010https://doi.org/10.1021/es60087a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1159Altmetric-Citations50LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Copolymerization of zinc methacrylate and perfluoroalkyl acrylate in hydrocarbon medium (1996)

The copolymerization of zinc methacrylate (ZMA) and 2-(N-ethylperfluorooctanesulfonamide)ethyl acrylate (RFA) in benzene was studied as a model for the copolymerization of ZMA and RFA in synthetic rubber during the peroxide curing process (in situ copolymerization). To confirm copolymer formation from combination of the specified monomers bearing functional groups with different characteristics, experimental procedures to quantify unchanged monomers and two types of monomer units in the copolymer were established. As a result, it was ascertained that the copolymer composition was the same with that of the comonomer composition for an equimolar mixture of the monomers regardless of conversion. We can conclude that the composition of the copolymer resulting from the in situ copolymerization can be determined and the in situ copolymerization could be a novel method to modify the properties of rubber. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Equiangular spiral photonic crystal fibers with low bending loss (2013)

The leakage losses of a bent equiangular spiral photonic crystal fiber (ES-PCF) have been analyzed in this paper by employing a full-vectorial finite element method. The analysis shows that the confinement and bending losses of ES-PCF are several orders of magnitude less than that of the conventional hexagonal lattice PCF (H-PCF) with similar dimensions. Also, the bending loss increases less rapidly in ES-PCF than in H-PCF for similar bending radii. It has also been found that no mode degeneration between fundamental core mode and first cladding mode occurs in ES-PCF. The reason of higher field confinement in ES-PCF than its hexagonal counterpart is also discussed.
A testbed for token ring networks (2003)

The author describes a testbed based on a 4-Mb/s ISO 8802/5 token-ring network and consisting of a traffic generator subsystem in each network station and a distributed monitor system with centralized control and decentralized measurement. Dedicated hardware clocks in each station provide accurate global time information. The author presents examples of user-related performance measurement. Comparing previously published analytical results with these measurements reveals that implementation-specific characteristics strongly influence the performance observed by a user. An essential result, shown by measurements on priority operation of the network, is that for a small number of stations the differences in service between priority and nonpriority traffic predominantly occur at very high network loads.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
THE EFFECT OF ROADWAY WEAR ON TIRE NOISE. FINAL REPORT (1992)

This is the final report of a study of the way in which tire/road noise changes as the pavement ages and wears. Measurements of the levels of noise generated at the tire/road-surface interface were made on sections of a variety of asphaltic and concrete compositions ranging in age from newly laid to 29 years. Data from these measurements are presented in graphical form showing levels and trends of levels with time. While the measurements made in this study do not portray the noise levels at the roadside, they do rank order the source noise levels of the various surfaces devoid of the noise absorption characteristics of the surface. An interpretation of the data is provided to assist highway planners, designers, or environmental engineers. As an add-on to the main study, a comparison of the noise from studded tires and non-studded tires of the same tread design was made for a variety of roadway surface types.
Techniques for Efficient Monte Carlo Simulation. Volume 2. Random Number Generation for Selected Probability Distributions (1973)

Abstract : Algorithms for efficient generation of random numbers from various probability distributions are presented, in both a flowchart form and as a sample FORTRAN subroutine. Twenty-two different distributions, including all commonly encountered discrete and continuous functions, the Weibull, Johnson, and Pearson families of empirical distributions, and histogram distributions, are covered. The general techniques to apply in deriving a random number selection scheme for an arbitrary distribution are discussed. A machine- independent subroutine for generating uniform random numbers is also described.
Formation of Disulfide Bond in p53 Correlates with Inhibition of DNA Binding and Tetramerization (2003)

The p53 tumor suppressor protein is susceptible to oxidation, which prevents it from binding to its DNA response element. The goal of the current research was to determine the nature of the cysteine residue thiol oxidation that prevents p53 from binding its DNA target and its effect on p53 structure. Recombinant p53, purified in the presence of the reducing agent dithiothreitol (DTT), contains five free thiol groups on the surface of the protein. In the absence of DTT, p53 contains only four thiol groups, indicating that an average of one surface thiol group is readily susceptible to oxidation. Sulfite-mediated disulfide bond cleavage followed by reaction with 2-nitro-5-thiosulfobenzoate showed that oxidized p53 contains a single disulfide bond per monomer. By atomic force microscopy, we determined that reduced p53 binds to a double-stranded DNA containing the p53 promoter element of the MDM2 gene. The DNA-bound reduced p53 has an average cross-sectional diameter of 8.61 nm and a height of 4.12 nm. The amount of oxidized p53 that bound to the promoter element was ninefold lower, and it has an 18% larger average cross-sectional diameter. Electromobility shift assays showed that binding of oxidized p53 to DNA was enhanced upon addition of DTT, indicating that oxidation is reversible. The possibility that oxidized p53 contained significant amounts of sulfenic (-SOH), sulfinic (-SO2H), or sulfonic acid (-SO3H) was ruled out. Gel filtration chromatography indicated that oxidation increases the percentage of p53 monomers and high-molecular-weight oligomers (>1,000 kDa) relative to tetrameric p53. Protein modeling studies suggest that a mixed disulfide glutathione adduct on Cys182 could account for the observed stoichiometry of oxidized thiols and structural changes. The glutathione adduct may prevent proper helix-helix interaction within the DNA binding domain and contribute to tetramer dissociation.
The problem with multiple roots in Web browsers-certificate masquerading (2002)

Much work is going into securing the public key infrastructure (PKI). Various models for trust exist; Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) and the Progressive-Constraint Trust model are examples. These models describe how to protect and ensure the interrelationships of their certificate based structures; however, vulnerabilities may arise when structures based on certificate authorities (CAs) are involved. The vulnerability is based upon multiple root certificate authorities. The paper examines the need for improved methods for verifying the binding of a certificate authority (root) to the source of a protocol's messages. The protection mechanisms developed for protecting and ensuring this binding within a CA hierarchy can break down in environments where multiple roots exist. This can lead to the possibility of a CA undermining the trust placed in a peer CA.
Ionizing Radiation Detectors Based on Solution‐Grown Organic Single Crystals (2015)

Organic single crystals (OSCs) have ideal qualities (well defined structure and morphology, lack of grain boundaries, high purity, 3D long range order, good electronic transport properties) for several technological applications, in particular as key components for electronic devices. It is only recently that OSCs have been considered as ionizing radiation detectors, and the latest developments in this field are here reported. In the first section, various methods for OSC growth are described, with emphasis on cost‐effective, solution‐based approaches capable of delivering large volume, well performing crystals. The second section is focused on the use of solution‐grown OSCs as scintillators (i.e., as high energy photon to UV–vis photon conversion), highlighting the ability of cm‐scale OSCs to effectively detect neutrons and to carry out neutrons‐gamma pulse‐shape discrimination tasks. Finally, the third section describes the use of semiconducting, solution‐grown OSCs as effective solid state direct detectors (i.e., directly converting high energy photons into charge carriers), evidencing extremely promising performances in terms of operability in environmental conditions (i.e., no need for encapsulation), radiation hardness, linear response and low operating voltage.
Comparison of Responses to Exercise When Consuming Carbohydrate and Carbohydrate/Protein Beverages (2006)

Recent studies suggest that carbohydrate/protein (CHO+P) beverages improve cycling endurance compared to carbohydrate-only (CHO) solutions. A criticism of these studies has been that they delivered less than 1g/min of carbohydrate, and thus it is unclear if performance benefits could have been elicited with additional carbohydrate intake. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare exercise responses among subjects consuming >1g/min of carbohydrate in a CHO+P beverage (7.3%+1.8%) versus isocarbohydrate (CHO1) and isocaloric (CHO2) carbohydrate beverages. METHODS: Ten male cyclists (VO2peak = 54.0±7.7 mL-kg−1-mm1) completed prolonged bouts of cycle ergometry at 75% VO2peak while consuming 250 mL of beverage every 15 min. During the three trials (5–10 d apart), beverages were administered in a randomly counter-balanced double-blind design. Metabolic measures were assessed following 30 min of exercise. RESULTS: Oxygen uptake did not differ among CHO+P, CHO1 and CHO2 trials, respectively (41.0±8.1, 42.0±7.7, 42.3±6.8 mL-kg−1mm1). Blood lactate was significantly lower (p<.05) in the CHO+P trial (2.9±1.1 mmol L1) versus CHO1 (3.6±1.2) and CHO2 (3.6±1.4). Heart rate was also lower in the CHO+P trial (153.3±9.3 bpm) compared to CHO1 (159.0±8.5) and CHO2 (158.1±12.4). RPE in the CHO+P trial (12.9± 1.1) was significantly lower than CHO1 (13.7±1.1), but did not significantly differ from CHO2 (13.2±2.0). Plasma glucose concentrations did not differ between trials (67.7±20.1, 72.5±22.3, 74.2±11.7 mg-dL”1) CONCLUSIONS: A CHO+P beverage consumed during exercise reduced lactate accumulation and perceived exertion compared to CHO beverages, despite no differences in blood glucose levels. These findings suggest that there are metabolic and performance advantages of CHO+P beverages over both isocarbohydrate and isocaloric CHO beverages.
Analgesic effect of ciramadol in patients with chronic pain (1980)

A double-blind, crossover study was carried out in 15 patients with chronic pain due to cancer to assess the effectiveness of two different doses of a new analgesic, ciramadol, compared with placebo. Patients received single oral doses of the three medications, in random order, on successive days. Assessments of pain intensity and relief were made on a 4-point rating scale at hourly intervals for 4 hours after the dose. The results showed that ciramadol produced significantly more pain relief than did placebo and this analgesic effect increased with the dose administered. Peak activity was observed at about 2 hours, and pain relief was still marked at 4 hours. No side-effects were reported.
Lymphokine-mediated regulation of the proliferative response of clones of T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells. (1988)

Murine Th1 and Th2 subsets differ not only in the lymphokines they produce, but also functionally. It is not clear what factors influence the preferential activation of one subset versus the other and what regulatory interactions exist between them. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of lymphokines produced by clones of Th1 cells (IL-2 and IFN-gamma), Th2 cells (IL-4), and APC (IL-1) on the proliferative response of Th1 and Th2 cells after antigenic stimulation. Activation of both types of clones in the presence of antigen and APC resulted in the acquisition of responsiveness to the proliferative effects of both IL-2 and IL-4, although Th2 cells were more responsive to IL-4 than Th1 cells. Responsiveness of Th1 and Th2 cells to both lymphokines decreased with time after initial antigenic activation; Th1 cells lost their responsiveness to IL-4 more rapidly and to IL-2 more slowly than Th2 cells. IFN-gamma partially inhibited the IL-2 and IL-4-mediated proliferation of Th2, but not Th1 cells. Although the presence of IL-1 was not required for the response of Th1 or Th2 cells to IL-4, its presence resulted in a synergistic effect with IL-2 or IL-4 in Th2 but not in Th1 cells. Both subsets responded to a mixture of IL-2 and IL-4 in synergistic fashion. Delayed addition and wash-out experiments indicated that both IL-2 and IL-4 had to be present simultaneously in order for synergy to occur. These results suggest that Th cell subsets might regulate each other via the lymphokines that they secrete and that the pathways of IL-2 and IL-4 mediated proliferation are interrelated.
High-speed, large-scale imaging with the atomic force microscope (1991)

The atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to generate both images and height profiles of samples with micron-sized features, combining the resolution and speed of the scanning electron microscope and the height information of the stylus profilometer. We have increased the scan speed of our AFM so that these images may be taken in real time, allowing the operator to interact easily with the microscope parameters. The increased scan speed does not noticeably degrade the images. The resulting images contain complete height information, allowing height profiles to be extracted. In this paper, we present images taken in this manner as well as discuss some of the nonideal characteristics of the AFM, such as tip-shape artifacts, tip contamination, sample damage, and scanner nonlinearities.
Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) Allelochemicals That Interfere with Crop Growth and the Soil Microbial Community (2013)

Three chemicals, veratric acid, maltol, and (−)-loliolide, were isolated from crabgrass and their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis. The chemicals were detected in crabgrass root exudates and rhizosphere soils, and their concentrations ranged from 0.16 to 8.10 μg/g. At an approximate concentration determined in crabgrass root exudates, all chemicals significantly inhibited the growth of wheat, maize, and soybean and reduced soil microbial biomass carbon. Phospholipid fatty acid profiling showed that veratric acid, maltol, and (−)-loliolide affected the signature lipid biomarkers of soil bacteria, actinobacteria, and fungi, resulting in changes in soil microbial community structures. There were significant relationships between crop growth and soil microbes under the chemicals' application. Chemical-specific changes in the soil microbial community generated negative feedback on crop growth. The results suggest that veratric acid, maltol, and (−)-loliolide released from crabgrass may act as allelochemicals interfering with crop growth and the soil microbial community.