gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Yield Production of Influenza Virus in Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cells with Stable Knockdown of IRF7 (2013)

Influenza is a serious public health problem that causes a contagious respiratory disease. Vaccination is the most effective strategy to reduce transmission and prevent influenza. In recent years, cell-based vaccines have been developed with continuous cell lines such as Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and Vero. However, wild-type influenza and egg-based vaccine seed viruses will not grow efficiently in these cell lines. Therefore, improvement of virus growth is strongly required for development of vaccine seed viruses and cell-based influenza vaccine production. The aim of our research is to develop novel MDCK cells supporting highly efficient propagation of influenza virus in order to expand the capacity of vaccine production. In this study, we screened a human siRNA library that involves 78 target molecules relating to three major type I interferon (IFN) pathways to identify genes that when knocked down by siRNA lead to enhanced production of influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 in A549 cells. The siRNAs targeting 23 candidate genes were selected to undergo a second screening pass in MDCK cells. We examined the effects of knockdown of target genes on the viral production using newly designed siRNAs based on sequence analyses. Knockdown of the expression of a canine gene corresponding to human IRF7 by siRNA increased the efficiency of viral production in MDCK cells through an unknown process that includes the mechanisms other than inhibition of IFN-α/β induction. Furthermore, the viral yield greatly increased in MDCK cells stably transduced with the lentiviral vector for expression of short hairpin RNA against IRF7 compared with that in control MDCK cells. Therefore, we propose that modified MDCK cells with lower expression level of IRF7 could be useful not only for increasing the capacity of vaccine production but also facilitating the process of seed virus isolation from clinical specimens for manufacturing of vaccines.
Occult metastases in the axillary lymph nodes of patients with breast cancer node negative by clinical and histologic examination and conventional histology. (1992)

We examined axillary lymph nodes from 80 women with node-negative breast cancer, by immunohistochemistry, utilizing polyclonal antibodies to cytokeratins and carcino-embryonic antigen and monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratins and milk fat globulin. Occult metastatic tumor, undetectable in hematoxylin and eosin stained slides, but visible by immunohistochemistry, was detected in 23 of 80 patients (29 per cent). Occult tumor was observed in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (21/76-28 per cent) and in individuals with invasive lobular carcinoma (2/4-50 per cent). In patients with occult metastases the primary tumors were slightly larger (mean 2.39 cm, range 1.00-5.00 cm) than those of patients whose nodes were negative for tumor cells (mean, 2.03 cm, range, 0.60-4.50 cm). Information concerning clinical outcome is available for 61 patients followed for between 1 and 7 years (mean 3.2 years). Three of 17 patients (18 per cent) who had occult tumor in the nodes developed distant metastases, all less than 3 years after initial surgery. One of the 44 patients (2 per cent) whose nodes were free of occult tumor developed distant metastases 5 years following surgery. Local recurrences in the area of the mastectomy occurred in one of 17 patients with occult nodal tumor (6 per cent), less than 1 year after surgery. Local recurrences were seen in three of 44 patients without occult metastases (7 per cent), in two patients 5 years after mastectomy and in one patient 7 years after mastectomy.
Heart sounds based measures of cardiac status for heart failure patient management (2009)

Heart sounds based measurements such as S3 amplitude and systolic timing intervals (STIs) are known to be indicative of cardiac dysfunction. In this paper we investigate the correlation of these measurements from pacemaker device implant locations to echocardiographic hemodynamic metrics of E wave deceleration time (EDT), Ejection Fraction (EF) and Stroke Volume (SV). Simultaneous heart sounds and echocardiography measurements were made in 6 heart failure patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices prior to CRT activation (baseline) and at 3 and 6 months post-CRT. In N=17 datasets, S3 amplitude was correlated to EDT (r=-0.86, p<0.05). Similarly STIs such as heart sounds based pre-ejection period (HSPEP) was correlated with EF (r = -0.81, p<0.01) and ejection time (HSET) with SV (r = 0.65, p=0.01). Longitudinal analysis in each patient showed consistent changes between % increase in S3 vs. % decrease in EDT (r= -0.83, p<0.01), % change in HSPEP vs. % change in EF (r= -0.80, p=0.03) and % change in SV (r= -0.72, p< 0.01). These results show proof of concept for using pacemaker derived measurements for monitoring HF patients. Further study is needed to determine their efficacy for chronic monitoring of HF patients.
Platinum hydroformylation catalysts containing diphenylphosphine oxide ligands (1986)

Platinum complexes of the general formula Pt(H)(Ph2PO)(Ph2POH)(PPh3)(1a) catalyse the hydroformylation of hept-1-ene and, more significantly, hept-2-ene, yielding products of high linearity (90 and 60%, respectively); the intermediate alkyl and acyl complexes (1c–e) which most often escape direct observation in a catalytic system, have been successfully isolated and identified.
Aptamer to ErbB-2/HER2 enhances degradation of the target and inhibits tumorigenic growth (2013)

Aptamers, oligonucleotides able to avidly bind cellular targets, are emerging as promising therapeutic agents, analogous to monoclonal antibodies. We selected from a DNA library an aptamer specifically recognizing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ErbB-2/HER2), a receptor tyrosine kinase, which is overexpressed in a variety of human cancers, including breast and gastric tumors. Treatment of human gastric cancer cells with a trimeric version (42 nucleotides) of the selected aptamer (14 nucleotides) resulted in reduced cell growth in vitro, but a monomeric version was ineffective. Likewise, when treated with the trimeric aptamer, animals bearing tumor xenografts of human gastric origin reflected reduced rates of tumor growth. The antitumor effect of the aptamer was nearly twofold stronger than that of a monoclonal anti-ErbB-2/HER2 antibody. Consistent with aptamer-induced intracellular degradation of ErbB-2/HER2, incubation of gastric cancer cells with the trimeric aptamer promoted translocation of ErbB-2/HER2 from the cell surface to cytoplasmic puncta. This translocation was associated with a lysosomal hydrolase-dependent clearance of the ErbB-2/HER2 protein from cell extracts. We conclude that targeting ErbB-2/HER2 with DNA aptamers might retard the tumorigenic growth of gastric cancer by means of accelerating lysosomal degradation of the oncoprotein. This work exemplifies the potential pharmacological utility of aptamers directed at cell surface proteins, and it highlights an endocytosis-mediated mechanism of tumor inhibition.
The Design of NFC Based Applications (2007)

StoLPaN, a pan-European consortium of companies, universities and user groups co-funded by the European Commission (EU), Information Society Technologies (IST) Programme aims to define open commercial and technical frameworks for the remote management of NFC-enabled services on mobile devices. These frameworks will facilitate the deployment of NFC-enabled mobile applications across a wide range of vertical markets, regardless of the phone type and the nature of the services required. This paper introduces the business aspects of the NFC based service development and the technical infrastructure implementing the core of the NFC-enabled services.
Detection of Catalyst Performance Loss Using On-Board Diagnostics (1990)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Proof-of-concept testing was conducted to evaluate the ability to identify serious losses in catalyst efficiency with a dual oxygen sensor method. The dual oxygen sensor method involves a comparison between the signal from a pre-catalyst oxygen sensor to that from a post-catalyst sensor. Testing was conducted on a dynamometer test stand in an open-loop mode under steady-state conditions. Four matched catalysts and two deteriorated in-use catalysts were tested. The matched catalysts were identical in all physical characteristics, but with varying efficiencies. The operating air-fuel ratio was dynamically varied, and the test matrix included amplitude variations of the air-fuel ratio from 0.5% to 7% above and below the stoichiometric point, oscillating at three frequencies. Results from this proof-of-concept testing show measurable differences in the pre- and post-oxygen sensor signals between catalysts with good and poor conversion efficiencies. These laboratory tests suggest that the dual oxygen sensor concept appears to be a feasible method to detect gross changes in catalyst activity with an On-Board Diagnostic system.</div>
QoS-based synchronization of multimedia document streams (2003)

In this paper, we discuss various characteristics of multimedia data and the effect of the network on the required quality of service for multimedia data in terms of synchronization. Scheduling transmission of multimedia information for synchronized delivery, over broadband networks with limited resources, and is identified as an NP-hard problem. We introduce two parameters to measure the performance of end-to-end synchronization protocols for networked distributed multimedia applications. We propose various heuristic scheduling algorithms for multimedia synchronization and compare their performance.
Profiling of bacteria by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProfiling of bacteria by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometryD. N. Heller, R. J. Cotter, Catherine. Fenselau, and O. M. UyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 23, 2806–2809Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00150a018https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00150a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views316Altmetric-Citations131LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Development and Evaluation of Combined Drug Formulation for Autoject-injector, for Emergency Application in Organophosphate Poisoning (2012)

Atropine sulphate and pralidoxime chloride are considered as essential antidotes in the treatment of nerve agent poisoning. Now in India these antidotes are available in the form of self injectable autoinjectors. This study is designed with aim to replace two individual autoinjectors with single one. Stability of the components plays a vital role in the development of any dosage form, in this study we investigated the stability of the antidotes in combination (atropine sulphate+2 PAMCl) in single drug cartridges. In the present work shelf life of pralidoxime chloride (300 mg/ml) and atropine sulphate (1 mg/ml) solution in combination was evaluated by accelerated studies. The derived model is based on the rate equation and Arrhenius equation was used for extrapolation. Further, antidotal efficacy of atropine sulphate in vitro, using rat’s isolated ileum and pralidoxime chloride by survival studies in vivo against dichlorvas in mice were evaluated, for further confirmation of analytical findings. The constituted formulation was found to be stable for 24 months. Defence Science Journal, 2012, 62(2), pp.105-111 , DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.62.1130
Transverse Section and Rectilinear Brain Scanning with Tc<sup>99m</sup>Pertechnetate (1966)

This communication reports our initial twelve-month experience with Tc99m pertechnetate, using it for both rectilinear and transverse section brain scanning. The scanning agent Tc99m pertechnetate was chosen to keep radiation exposure low, even when we gave large doses of radionuclide to increase the count rate (1). With the high count rate, multiple pictures of good quality were obtained in an acceptable period of scanning time. Transverse section scanning (2–5) was employed to improve the description of lesion extent in three dimensions and to test the premise that the method should improve diagnostic accuracy. We predicted that the transverse section scan would be less influenced by those normal images of muscle and blood which can obscure information in the rectilinear scan. If this were true, we expected diagnostic accuracy to be improved for lesions of the base of the cranial vault and posterior fossa. Method Rectilinear scanning was performed with either of two instruments, a commercial scanner or a research scanner. The commercial scanner had a detector crystal 5.1 cm thick and 7.6 cm in diameter, a collimator with a 3.0 cm diameter of view at a focal length of 6.8 cm, and a mechanically coupled photorecorder.2 Count rate over the head was 400–2,000 counts per second. The scan speed was 1.5 cm per second, and the line spacing was 0.3 cm. Each view of the head was completed in ten to fifteen minutes of scanning time. The research scanner has been described in detail elsewhere (4, 5). For rectilinear scanning, two opposed scintillation detectors scanned both sides of the head simultaneously. Each detector had a crystal 5.1 cm thick and 7.6 cm in diameter and a low-energy collimator with a 1.25 cm diameter of view at a focal length of 7.6 cm (6). Count rate over the head was 100–500 counts per second. Counting and position data were recorded on perforated paper tape at the time of scanning and replayed later for generation of scan pictures on Polaroid film (7). Scan speed was 2 cm per second, and the line spacing was 0.25 cm, Two views of the head were completed in ten to fifteen minutes of scanning time. Transverse section scanning with the research instrument displayed the radioactivity in a cross section of brain approximately 1 or 2 cm thick. For section scanning, each collimatorhad a 1.25 cm diameter of view at a focal length of 11.4 cm (6). A section image resulted when the pair of detectors completed a sequential series of 24 tangential scan lines (7.5° angular interval) around the complete circumference of the patient's head. The scan speed was 2 cm per second. All counting and position data were recorded on perforated paper tape, and the section image was generated later on the film of an oscilloscope camera. Each complete transverse section image required approximately ten minutes of scanning time.
Quantitative structure-activity relationship study on affinity profile of a series of 1,8-naphthyridine antagonists toward bovine adenosine receptors (2008)

The affinity profiles for the bovine adenosine receptors, A(1) and A(2A), of a series of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives were quantitatively analyzed using physicochemical and structural parameters of the substituents, present at varying positions of the molecules. The derived significant correlation, for bovine A(1) receptor, suggested that a R(1) substituent having a higher van der Waals volume, a R(2) substituent being a hydrogen-bond donor and a R(3) substituent able to transmit a higher field effect are helpful in augmenting the pK(i) of a compound. Similarly the study, pertaining to bovine A(2A) receptor, revealed that a less bulky substituent at R(2) and a strong electron-withdrawing substituent at R(3) are desirable in improving the binding affinity of a compound while substituents at R(1) remain insignificant to any interaction.
Nonobese Population in A Developing Country Has A High Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver and Significant Liver Disease (2010)

There is a significant prevalence of NAFL and potentially significant liver disease, including cryptogenic cirrhosis, in this predominantly nonobese, nonaffluent population in a developing country. NAFL will be a major determinant of future liver disease burden in countries of the developing world.
The Genus Oecleus in the United States (Homoptera: Fulgoridae) (1935)

The genus Oecleus belongs to that division of the family Cixidae in which the end of the female abdomen is modified into a large transverse wax-forming plate to the lower margin of which the reduced pygofers and ovipositor are attached. The following key will enable one to readily determine the common genera.
Signaling through urokinase and urokinase receptor in lung cancer cells requires interactions with β1 integrins (2008)

The urokinase receptor (uPAR) is upregulated upon tumor cell invasion and correlates with poor lung cancer survival. Although a cis-interaction with integrins has been ascribed to uPAR, whether this interaction alone is critical to urokinase (uPA)- and uPAR-dependent signaling and tumor promotion is unclear. Here we report the functional consequences of point mutations of uPAR (H249A-D262A) that eliminate beta1 integrin interactions but maintain uPA binding, vitronectin attachment and association with alphaV integrins, caveolin and epidermal growth factor receptor. Disruption of uPAR interactions with beta1 integrins recapitulated previously reported findings with beta1-integrin-derived peptides that attenuated matrix-dependent ERK activation, MMP expression and in vitro migration by human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. The uPAR mutant cells acquired enhanced capacity to adhere to vitronectin via uPAR-alphaVbeta5-integrin, rather than through the uPAR-alpha3beta1-integrin complex and they were unable to initiate uPA signaling to activate ERK, Akt or Stat1. In an orthotopic lung cancer model, uPAR mutant cells exhibited reduced tumor size compared with cells expressing wild-type uPAR. Taken together, the results indicate that uPAR-beta1-integrin interactions are essential to signals induced by integrin matrix ligands or uPA that support lung cancer cell invasion in vitro and progression in vivo.
CAP (1995)

Student programmers have difficulty finding and fixing syntax, logic and style errors in their programs. The Code Analyzer for Pascal (CAP) analyzes programs that use a subset of the Pascal language and provides user-friendly feedback on the errors that it finds. This paper describes CAP and reports its use in teaching introductory programming at the United States Air Force Academy.
On the Capacity of Iteratively Estimated Channels Using LMMSE Estimators (2014)

This paper investigates the capacity of radio channels when iterative channel estimation, data detection, and decoding are employed. Knowing the capacity gain from iterative detection versus purely pilot-based channel estimation helps a designer compare the performance of an iterative receiver against a noniterative receiver and select the best balance between performance and cost. A bound is put on the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) channel estimation error, based on which a bound on the capacity is obtained. The attainable capacity is related to the channel estimation error of the receiver. The bounds take into account the uncertainty in symbol detection on channel estimation and incorporate the effect of channel estimation error on channel capacity. The interaction between the symbol detector and the decoder is analytically characterized and depicted in an extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) chart, where a bound on the detector curve is found. With optimal LMMSE pilot-based channel estimation, the results of this paper demonstrate that iterative channel estimation provides insignificant capacity advantage at fading rates below 1% of the symbol rate, although a computational-cost gain is still available. Iterative channel estimation provides a capacity benefit if suboptimal pilot signaling is used to provide initial channel estimates.
In vitro antibacterial activities of tosufloxacin against and uptake of tosufloxacin by outer membrane mutants of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella typhimurium (1992)

The antibacterial activities of tosufloxacin and other quinolones against and apparent uptakes of tosufloxacin and other quinolones by outer membrane mutants of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella typhimurium were studied. The hydrophobicity of tosufloxacin was nearly equal to that of ofloxacin or lower than those of sparfloxacin and nalidixic acid. OmpF- and OmpC-deficient E. coli and 40-kDa porin-deficient P. mirabilis mutants were twofold more susceptible to tosufloxacin and sparfloxacin but two- to fourfold less susceptible to other quinolones than their parent strains. In S. typhimurium lipopolysaccharide-deficient (rough) mutants, the differences in susceptibility to tosufloxacin were similar to those to sparfloxacin and nalidixic acid. The apparent uptake of tosufloxacin by intact cells was increased in porin-deficient mutants compared with that by their parent strain. These results suggest that the permeation route of tosufloxacin across the outer membrane is different from that of other fluoroquinolones and that tosufloxacin may permeate mainly through the nonporin pathway, presumably phospholipid bilayers. However, this characteristic is independent of the hydrophobicity of the molecule.
Multidisciplinary perspective on adaptive sensor array processing (1999)

The authors introduce a multidisciplinary perspective on adaptive sensor array processing. The uses of adaptive sensor array processing for the applications of radar detection using space-time adaptive processing, partially adaptive radar detection, multispectral infra-red imaging, optical moving target detection and synthetic aperture radar automatic target detection and recognition are presented.