gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of a metalloproteinase inhibitor on established corneal ulcers after an alkali burn. (1992)

Proteinase inhibitors have been shown to prevent corneal ulceration and perforation when used immediately after an experimental alkali burn injury. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a synthetic metalloproteinase inhibitor, HSCH2CH[CH2CH(CH3)2]CO-Phe-Ala-NH2(SIMP), treatment with inhibitor was withheld until corneal ulceration ensued after a standard alkali injury to the rabbit eye. When topical therapy with a 1 mmol/l solution of SIMP was initiated after corneal ulceration had progressed to a mid-stromal level (clinical score of 2), there was no significant difference in the progression of corneal ulceration between the treated vs. control group after 6 d of therapy. In the second study in which treatment was initiated earlier at the onset of superficial ulceration (clinical score of 1), there was a significant difference in clinical scores between the two groups after 1 day of treatment until termination of the experiment at 21 d (P less than 0.005). In the inhibitor-treated group, 88.9% of the corneas showed a reversal or cessation of progression of the ulceration process. Eighty-seven-and-a-half percent of the control corneas progressed to descemetocele formation or perforation by day 14 of treatment. This study suggests that SIMP may be used for effective treatment of corneal ulcers resulting from an alkali burn injury in the human eye. It also shows that early and aggressive initiation of therapy is critical.
EB-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings for Aeroengines and Gas Turbines (2001)

Ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) offer the potential to significantly improve efficiencies of aero engines as well as stationary gas turbines for power generation. On internally cooled turbine parts temperature gradients of the order of 100 to 150 °C can be achieved. Today, state-of-the-art TBCs, typically consisting of an yttria-stabilised zirconia top coat and a metallic bond coat deposited onto a superalloy substrate, are mainly used to extend lifetime. Further efficiency improvements require TBCs being an integral part of the component which, in turn, requires reliable and predictable TBC performance. Presently, TBCs fabricated by electron beam physical vapor deposition are favoured for high performance applications. The paper highlights critical research and development needs for advanced TBC systems, such as reduced thermal conductivity, increased temperature capability, lifetime prediction modelling, process modelling, bond coat oxidation, and hot corrosion resistance as well as improved erosion behaviour.
Antioxidant Effects of Lycopene in African American Men with Prostate Cancer or Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Randomized, Controlled Trial (2011)

Consumption of tomato products is associated with a decreased risk of developing prostate cancer, and lycopene, the red carotenoid in the tomato, is a potent antioxidant that might contribute to this chemoprevention activity. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 105 African American men veterans, recommended for prostate biopsy to detect cancer, was carried out to investigate whether oral administration of lycopene increases lycopene levels in blood and prostate tissue and lowers markers of oxidative stress. Urology patients were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg/d of lycopene as a tomato oleoresin or placebo for 21 days prior to prostate biopsy for possible diagnosis of prostate cancer. A total of 47 men had a diagnosis of prostate cancer, and 58 men had a diagnosis of benign prostate hyperplasia. Diet, smoking, and drinking habits were assessed. For the men receiving lycopene, the mean lycopene concentration increased from 0.74 ± 0.39 to 1.43 ± 0.61 μmol/L in plasma (P < 0.0001) and from 0.45 ± 0.53 to 0.59 ± 0.47 pmol/mg in prostate tissue (P = 0.005). No significant changes in the DNA oxidation product 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde were observed in prostate tissue and plasma, respectively, as a result of lycopene administration.
Laser Assisted Joining of Plastic Metal Hybrids (2011)

Hybrid components combine the contradictory characteristics of plastics and metal and thus can lead to advantageous construction part properties. As a result light and concomitantly stiff components can be produced. Therefore, the need for joining these dissimilar materials is a central challenge. A new approach to overcome the problems of state-of-the-art technologies is using laser radiation to ablate the metal surface in order to create microstructures with undercut grooves. When the above placed plastic is melted with laser radiation or induction joining, the material expands into these structures through external clamping pressure and after setting the joining results due to microclamping.
Studies on Short-lived Internal α-emitters in Mice and Rats (1971)

SummaryThe distribution of intraperitonally-injected 224Ra was studied in NMRI mice and WISTAR rats. The highest activity concentrations were found in the skeleton. High radium concentrations were also obtained in the spleen (in mice higher than in rats, increasing with age). The calculated values were 12 rads/day for initial skeletal dose-rate and 30 rads for total averaged skeletal dose by supporting 1 μCi/kg 224Ra. The dose relationships of the short-lived 224Ra were contrasted to those of the long-lived 226Ra.Osteosarcoma-induction related to skeletal dose is discussed and compared with results of 226Ra known from the literature.
Production of Slaughter Steers from Forages in the Arid West (1977)

A 4-year study was initiated in 1965 to test the feasibility of supplementing yearling steers on range to finish at an acceptable slaughter grade and compare this to other finishing regimes. Two hundred and twenty yearling Hereford steers were involved in these studies and stratified by weight to five treatments. Finishing phase treatments were: (1) supplemented on range for 90 days (2) feedlot for 90 days (3) supplemented on range for 90 days then to the feedlot for 65 days (4) feedlot for 155 days and (5) irrigated pasture for 40 days and feedlot for 115 days. All animals were supplemented and handled alike during the preceding summer grazing period. Continuous growth was necessary from birth to slaughter for range supplemented animals to reach desired slaughter weights. Weaning time, winter feed levels and supplementation on range during the growing period had to be considered to provide for this growth. Steers slaughtered off range weighed less, gained less, and graded lower than steers on the various feedlot systems. However, their total concentrate intake was 34 to 76% of that of the feedlot steers and they returned more per dollar invested in feed. Adding yardage, interest on money, equipment and environmental preservation costs would put the range fattened steers in an even stronger position. Chemical curing of grasses for late season grazing offers a potential alternative that could produce highly acceptable carcasses from range with only 10% of the grain intake under normal feedlot situations. Other ramifications and alternatives for producing slaughter steers from forages are discussed.
A critical thickness condition for a strained compliant substrate/epitaxial film system (1996)

The physical system under study is a single crystal film grown epitaxially on a substrate of comparable thickness which is constrained to remain flat. In general, the layers are strained due to a mismatch in lattice parameter between the film and substrate materials. The free energy change of the system due to formation of strain-relaxing interface misfit dislocations is estimated, and the discriminating case of zero energy change leads to a critical thickness condition on mismatch strain, film thickness, substrate thickness, and crystallographic slip orientation which is necessary for the spontaneous formation of such dislocations. The condition obtained generalizes the Matthews–Blakeslee (MB) criterion for a thin film on a thick substrate to the case of a complaint substrate/epitaxial film system, and it reduces to the MB criterion when either the film or substrate is relatively thick.
Functional characterization of the FimH adhesin from Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (2006)

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis has emerged during the last 20 years as the major causative agent of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans and as the major infectious agent on poultry farms, replacing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as the dominant pathogenic serovar. Because adhesion to gut tissues and colonization of the alimentary tract, mediated in large part by the FimH adhesins located on type 1 fimbriae, is an important stage in the pathogenesis of both serovars, the binding properties of the FimH adhesins from these two enteropathogens were compared. Salmonella Enteritidis FimH protein and the Salmonella Typhimurium low-adhesive variant of this adhesin were expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant proteins were analysed for their ability to bind glycoproteins carrying different oligomannosidic structures and different types of eukaryotic cells. In static binding assays (ELISA and Western blotting) both FimH proteins bound equally well to all three tested glycoproteins (RNase B, horseradish peroxidase and mannan-BSA). In addition, no differences were found in the binding specificity of the FimH proteins and intact cells of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium to human colon carcinoma or bladder cancer cells. The presence of the same amino acid residues at positions 61 (glycine) and 118 (phenylalanine) and the similar binding properties of these two adhesins suggest that the newly described FimH protein of Salmonella Enteritidis represents the low-adhesive variant found in Salmonella Typhimurium. To study the binding specificity of Salmonella Enteritidis FimH protein further, direct kinetic analysis using surface plasmon resonance was performed. With this method it was found that Salmonella Enteritidis FimH adhesin bound with the highest K d value to high-mannose type N -glycans carried by RNase B; about 100 times lower K d values were obtained in the interactions with mannan-BSA and horseradish peroxidase.
Functional Epitope Core Motif of the Anaplasma marginale Major Surface Protein 1a and Its Incorporation onto Bioelectrodes for Antibody Detection (2012)

Anaplasmosis, a persistent intraerythrocytic infection of cattle by Anaplasma marginale, causes severe anemia and a higher rate of abortion, resulting in significant loss to both dairy and beef industries. Clinical diagnosis is based on symptoms and confirmatory laboratory tests are required. Currently, all the diagnostic assays have been developed with whole antigens with indirect ELISA based on multiple epitopes. In a pioneer investigation we demonstrated the use of critical motifs of an epitope as biomarkers for immunosensor applications. Mimotopes of the MSP1a protein functional epitope were obtained through Phage Display after three cycles of selection of a 12-mer random peptide library against the neutralizing monoclonal antibody 15D2. Thirty-nine clones were randomly selected, sequenced, translated and aligned with the native sequence. The consensus sequence SxSSQSEASTSSQLGA was obtained, which is located in C-terminal end of the 28-aa repetitive motif of the MSP1a protein, but the alignment and sequences' variation among mimotopes allowed us to map the critical motif STSSxL within the consensus sequence. Based on these results, two peptides were chemically synthesized: one based on the critical motif (STSSQL, Am1) and the other based on the consensus sequence aligned with the native epitope (SEASTSSQLGA, Am2). Sera from 24 infected and 52 healthy animals were tested by ELISA for reactivity against Am1 and Am2, which presented sensitivities of 96% and 100%, respectively. The Am1 peptide was incorporated onto a biolectrode (graphite modified with poly-3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) and direct serum detection was demonstrated by impedance, differential pulse voltammetry, and atomic force microscopy. The electrochemical sensor system proved to be highly effective in discriminating sera from positive and negative animals. These immunosensors were highly sensitive and selective for positive IgG, contaminants did not affect measurements, and were based on a simple, fast and reproducible electrochemical system.
High-Performance CABAC Engine for H.264/AVC High Definition Real-Time Decoding (2007)

This paper presents an efficient VLSI architecture for H.264/AVC CABAC decoding. We introduce several new techniques to extremely exploit, to the largest extent possible, the parallelism of the decoding process, including line-bit-rate decoding, multiple bin arithmetic decoding and efficient probability propagation scheme. The CABAC engine can ensure the real-time decoding for H.264/AVC main profile HD level 4.0. Synthesis results show that the multi-bin decoder can run up to 45MHz, and the total area is only 42K gates.
Controlling the release of active iron and manganese ions from styrene‐butadiene rubber‐binding matrix containing chloride salts of them (2009)

Abstract Slow release technique is a new trial to control the release of manganese and iron ions from styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) formulations containing manganese and iron chlorides. The SBR compounded was mixed and vulcanized according to the general equipment of rubber. Discs of surface area about 16 cm 2 for each one were prepared and subjected to leaching rate test in aqueous media. The release rate of manganese and iron ions was prolonged for up to 5 months. The profile behavior of the release for the two investigated ions are similar, the difference between them is in the amount of release dispersed ions in water. The concentration of active ingredients; manganese and iron chlorides; and environmental water temperature were affected on the amount of release rate. According to the higher solubility of manganese chloride on aqueous media, the release of manganese was greater than iron. The diffusions coefficient of the released manganese and iron ions in aqueous media were 7.9 × 10 −7 and 4.9 × 10 −7 , respectively, according to Higuch's equation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Grounding spatial named entities for information extraction and question answering (2003)

The task of named entity annotation of unseen text has recently been successfully automated with near-human performance.But the full task involves more than annotation, i.e. identifying the scope of each (continuous) text span and its class (such as place name). It also involves grounding the named entity (i.e. establishing its denotation with respect to the world or a model). The latter aspect has so far been neglected.In this paper, we show how geo-spatial named entities can be grounded using geographic coordinates, and how the results can be visualized using off-the-shelf software. We use this to compare a "textual surrogate" of a newspaper story, with a "visual surrogate" based on geographic coordinates.
The MC68881 Floating-point Coprocessor (1983)

This device, a hardware implementation of the proposed IEEE floating-point standard, can operate as a coprocessor on a 32-bit bus or as a peripheral on an 8- or 16-bit bus.
Real-time soccer player tracking method by utilizing shadow regions (2010)

Our research aims to generate a player's view video stream by using a 3D free-viewpoint video technique. Since player trajectories are necessary to generate the video, we propose a real-time player trajectory estimation method by utilizing the shadow regions from soccer scenes. This paper describes our trial to realize real-time processing. We divide the process into capture and server computers. In addition, we reduced the processing cost with pipeline parallelization and optimization. We apply our proposed method to an actual soccer match held in a stadium and show its effectiveness.
Dilation of Schlemm's canal in viscocanalostomy: Comparison of 2 viscoelastic substances (2001)

Injecting viscoelastic material significantly increased the cross-sectional area of Schlemm's canal and may play a role in the success of viscocanalostomy. Further study is needed to elucidate the mechanism of this procedure.
Complexity Reduction in Iterative Soft-In Soft-Out Sphere Detection (2011)

Soft-In Soft-Out (SISO) MIMO detection algorithms providing soft information to subsequent channel decoder are computationally high complex. Realizations based on depth-first search e.g. the Tuple Search (TS) algorithm enables near full MaxLogAPP optimal detection at much reduced but still high complexity. This paper presents a novel method for the complexity reduction of SISO MIMO detection algorithms. This method is based on the pruning of tree nodes and the corresponding subtrees. The pruning is decided based on the absolute value of a priori information of bits greater than or equal to a threshold value. Simulation results for the TS algorithm show that up to 25% reduction in complexity can be achieved without any BER performance degradation.
Biogenic Silica Patterning: Simple Chemistry or Subtle Biology? (2003)

Silica chemistry in the living world. Some microorganisms, such as diatoms (see figure), have learned to build up finely patterned mineral structures by using the many possibilities of silica chemistry and adapting themselves to its constraints. Association of biomimetic chemical approaches with molecular biology techniques should lead to a better understanding of the strategies used by natural systems and should thus provide novel guidelines for material design.
Efficient laser power and energy monitoring using an uncoated wedge (1989)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text Chris Chatwin and Ian A. Watson, "Efficient laser power and energy monitoring using an uncoated wedge," Appl. Opt. 28, 209-211 (1989) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Phytochemicals of Cranberries and Cranberry Products: Characterization, Potential Health Effects, and Processing Stability (2009)

Emerging evidence is elucidating how non-nutrient phytochemicals underlie the health promotion afforded by fruits and vegetables. This review focuses on Vaccinium macrocarpon, the American cranberry, compiling a comprehensive list of its known phytochemical components, and detailing their prevalence in cranberry fruit and its products. Flavonoids, especially colored anthocyanins, abundant flavonols, and unique proanthocyanidins, have attracted major research attention. Other notable active components include phenolic acids, benzoates, hydroxycinnamic acids, terpenes and organic acids. Health effects of cranberries, cranberry products, and isolated cranberry components in humans and animals, as well as in vitro, are debated. Evidence for protection from several bacterial pathogens, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation is compelling, while neuroprotection and anti-viral activity also have begun to draw new consideration. Emerging bioavailability data is considered and potential molecular mechanisms are evaluated, linking phytochemicals to health effects through their biochemical properties and reactions. Finally, the effects of processing and storage on cranberry phytochemicals is discussed, with a focus on identifying research gaps and novel means to preserve their natural, health-promoting components.
¿Qué preferimos pensar y hacer cuando enseñamos? Concepciones y prácticas pedagógicas en la educación... de la ingeniería (2009)

El titulo de este articulo se refiere a nosotros, los profesores. Cuando pregunto ¿qué preferimos pensar y hacer cuando enseñamos?, me refiero específicamente a los docentes, es decir, qué piensa un profesor antes y durante un curso, cuáles son sus imaginarios con respecto al mismo curso y con respecto a los estudiantes. Las concepciones y practicas pedagógicas se han entendido tradicionalmente como las metodologías que se pueden usar para transmitir efectivamente un conocimiento, llevando, habitualmente, a que algunos profesores fracasen en su intento por trasmitir su saber debido a que las prácticas tradicionales de enseñanza han mostrado su ineficiencia
Parallel control method for a bilateral master-slave manipulator. (1989)

In this paper, a new control method for a bilateral master-slave manipulator is proposed. The proposed method yields stable and fast response of the control system. These are essential to obtain a precise position control and a sensitive force reflection control.In the conventional position-force control method, each control loop of the master and the slave arms are connected in series to construct a bilateral control loop. Therefore the total phase lag through the bilateral control loop becomes twice as much as that of one arm control. Such phase lag makes the control system unstable and control performance worse.To improve the stability and the control performance, we propose “parallel control method.” In the proposed method, the control loops of the master and the slave arms are connected in parallel so that the total phase lag is reduced to as much as that of one arm.The stability condition of the proposed method is studied and it is proved that the stability of this method can be guaranteed independent of the rigidness of a reaction surface and the position/force ratio between the master and the slave arms while the stability of the conventional method depends on them.
SiO<sub>2</sub>nanoparticles biocompatibility and their potential for gene delivery and silencing (2011)

Despite the extensive use of silica nanoparticles (SiO(2)NPs) in many fields, the results about their potential toxicity are still controversial. In this work, we have performed a systematic in vitro study to assess the biological impact of SiO(2)NPs, by investigating 3 different sizes (25, 60 and 115 nm) and 2 surface charges (positive and negative) of the nanoparticles in 5 cell lines (3 in adherence and 2 in suspension). We analyzed the cellular uptake and distribution of the NPs along with their possible effects on cell viability, membrane integrity and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Experimental results show that all the investigated SiO(2)NPs do not induce detectable cytotoxic effects (up to 2.5 nM concentration) in all cell lines, and that cellular uptake is mediated by an endocytic process strongly dependent on the particle size and independent of its original surface charge, due to protein corona effects. Once having assessed the biocompatibility of SiO(2)NPs, we have evaluated their potential in gene delivery, showing their ability to silence specific protein expression. The results of this work indicate that monodisperse and stable SiO(2)NPs are not toxic, revealing their promising potential in various biomedical applications.