gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Serotype M1 Encodes Multiple Pathways for Entry into Human Epithelial Cells (1998)

The ability of a serotype M1 strain of Streptococcus pyogenes to efficiently invade A549 human lung epithelial cells was previously shown to be dependent on bacterial exposure to human or bovine serum proteins or synthetic peptides containing the sequence RGD. In this study, stimulation by invasion agonists was determined to be dependent on expression of the streptococcal cell surface protein, M1. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), fibronectin (Fn), the extracellular matrix protein laminin (Lm), and RGD-containing peptides were tested for their abilities to promote epithelial cell invasion and adherence by isogenic M1(+) and M1(-) strains of S. pyogenes. In the absence of an agonist, invasion and adherence were comparable for the two bacterial strains. FBS, Fn, and Lm stimulated invasion of the M1(+) strain as much as 70-fold but failed to significantly affect invasion by the M1(-) mutant. Adherence of the wild-type strain was stimulated by these same agonists. Epithelial cell adherence by the M1(-) strain, however, was unaffected by the presence of Fn or Lm. Several RGD-containing peptides were found to promote invasion independently of M1 expression. Binding of 125I-Fn was reduced 88% by the M1(-) mutation and Fn was found to bind purified M1 protein, suggesting that Fn mediates invasion by direct binding to M1. To determine if host integrins might be involved in internalization of streptococci, several anti-integrin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were tested for their abilities to inhibit invasion. Antibody directed against integrin beta1 inhibited FBS-, Fn-, and Lm-mediated invasion but did not abrogate RGD-peptide-stimulated invasion. MAb directed against the epithelial cell Fn receptor, integrin alpha5beta1, inhibited Fn and FBS-mediated invasion but did not specifically inhibit Lm-mediated invasion. These results indicate that S. pyogenes has evolved multiple mechanisms for invasion of eukaryotic cells, at least two of which involve interactions between M1 protein, host integrins, and integrin ligands.
A closed eye contact lens model of corneal inflammation. Part 1: Increased synthesis of cytochrome P450 arachidonic acid metabolites. (1995)

With this model of contact lens wear, eicosanoid synthesizing capacity of the corneal epithelium showed a time-dependent increase in the production of 12-HETE and 12-HETrE strongly correlating to the in situ inflammatory response. The relationship between 12-HETE and 12-HETrE synthesis and the degree of anterior surface inflammation implicate these eicosanoids, among others, as mediators of the inflammatory response to hydrogel contact lens wear in the closed eye.
Biaxial mechanical properties of porcine ascending aortic wall tissue. (2002)

These results demonstrated that the porcine aortic root wall tissue is an anisotropic material with linear elastic properties, in contrast to leaflet tissue. Additionally, the data suggest that a finite element model using an isotropic material as a basis for the aorta is insufficient for a physiologically accurate representation.
A Super High Lithium Ion Conducting Solid Electrolyte of Grain Boundary Modified Li<sub>1.4</sub>Ti<sub>1.6</sub>Al<sub>0.4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> (2012)

A single phase NASICON-type lithium conducting solid electrolyte, Li1.4Ti1.6 Al0.4(PO4)3 (LTAP), was synthesized from the precursor prepared by a sol-gel method with citric acid. The bulk and grain boundary conductivity in open air (relative humidity; ca. 60%) of the LTAP sintered at 950°C was estimated to be 1.8 × 10−3 S cm−1 and 1.3 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 25°C, respectively, from the impedance profile analysis. The grain boundary resistance almost vanished following immersion in a saturated LiCl aqueous solution at 50°C for one week, and the total conductivity at 25°C increased from 7.5 × 10−4 S cm−1 to 9.2 × 10−3 S cm−1 in open air. The high conductivity has not changed for a long period in open air. The total conductivity of the immersed LTAP was dependent on the humidity in the atmosphere and was comparable to that of the pristine LTAP at as low humidity as in a glove box (dew point of ca. −80°C). The conductivity enhancement was explained by the formation of a low resistance LiCl-xH2O phase trapped in the grain boundaries of LTAP nanoparticles.
Redox potentials of free radicals. I. Simple organic radicals (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRedox potentials of free radicals. I. Simple organic radicalsP. S. Rao and E. HayonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1974, 96, 5, 1287–1294Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00812a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00812a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2169Altmetric-Citations93LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Der Einfluss von frühen politischen Orientierungen und politischem Amt auf Willy Brandts Amerikapolitik (2011)

Basado en dos estudios y mediante el uso de la interpretación hermenéutica de las fuentes, este trabajo analiza como temprana orientación política y cultural de Willy BRANDT y sus respectivos cargos políticos influyeron en su política hacia los Estados Unidos de América. El ejemplo de la guerra de Vietnam demuestra que su temprano condicionamiento biográfico, así como su cargo en el gobierno, lo llevó a abstenerse de criticar públicamente la participación de América en el sureste asiático. Como estadista maduro, después de dejar el puesto de Canciller Federal, algunas de las orientaciones que había desarrollado durante la primera fase de la Guerra Fría pasaron a un segundo plano mientras que los condicionamientos tempranos ganaron fuerza en una forma modificada. Ahora tomó una línea más crítica sobre la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, lo que era más consistente con sus objetivos como Presidente de la "Comisión Norte-Sur" y como presidente de la Internacional Socialista.
Thin-film transistors for video applications (2003)

The author focuses on the development of the thin-film transistor (TFT) technologies that have contributed to the success of the current active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (LCDs), especially for video applications. He restricts the discussion to TFTs only. The design considerations for both the TFT array and the LCD are addressed, and several examples of the state of the art are shown. The basics of the design issues affecting video performance of TFT-LCDs are outlined. TFT-LCD operation is also discussed. Liquid-crystal and TFT array considerations are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Asthma and cigarette smoking (2004)

In most developed countries approximately 25% of adults with asthma are current cigarette smokers. Asthma and active cigarette smoking interact to cause more severe symptoms, accelerated decline in lung function, and impaired short-term therapeutic response to corticosteroids. Cigarette smoking may modify inflammation that is associated with asthma, although there is limited published data on airway pathology in smokers with asthma. To date, the evidence points towards a combination of both heightened and suppressed inflammatory responses in smokers compared with nonsmokers with asthma. The mechanisms of corticosteroid resistance in asthmatic smokers are unexplained, but could be as a result of alterations in airway inflammatory cell phenotypes (e.g. increased neutrophils or reduced eosinophils), changes in the glucocorticoid receptor-alpha to -beta ratio (e.g. overexpression of glucocorticoid receptor beta), and increased activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors (e.g. nuclear factor-kappaB) or reduced histone deacetylase activity. In conclusion, every effort should be made to encourage asthmatics who smoke to stop, although the effects of smoking cessation upon reversing the adverse effects of tobacco smoke on asthma control, therapeutic response to corticosteroids and airway pathology have yet to be fully elucidated. Alternative or additional therapies to inhaled corticosteroids are needed for asthmatic patients who are unable to quit smoking.
Utilization of iron values of red mud for metallurgical applications (1998)

A brief overview on the utilization of iron values of red mud is presented along with the results of some recent investigations conducted at National Metallurgical Laboratory. Red mud from Nalco, characterized by high iron content, is used in the studies. Two different strategies are explored : (a) extraction of iron and other metal values from red mud using a pat-ented process, named as Elgai process, available for the removal of alumina from iron ores; and (b) use of red mud as an additive in the iron ore sintering. The second approach has particularly yielded interesting results. Sinter with acceptable physical properties and reducibility could be produced with red mud addition from 50 to 125 kg/tonne of sinter. Red mud addition leads to the dilution of the iron content of sinter. It is suggested that this problem can be circumvented with addition of blue dust, a waste material, along with red mud.
<title>Development of a prototype full-parallax holoprinter</title> (1995)

A prototype model of the holographic 3D printer (holoprinter) is presented and the experimental results are reported. The holoprinter is developed for the purpose of a peripheral device to produce 3D image hard copies of computerized data. By the prototype, the practical problems such as the requirements for the vibration isolation and the time for printing, are investigated. Through the experiment, we demonstrated that 3D images of high diffraction- efficiency can be recorded without air-floated optical bench. In addition, a new optical system for high-speed printing is proposed. Using an array of lenslet, several elementary holograms are exposed in parallel, resulting in the reduction of total printing time.
<i>α</i>v<i>β</i>6 integrin in wound healing and cancer of the oral cavity (2005)

Integrins are a family of heterodimeric cell surface receptors, which are expressed on most cells where they mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. The alphavbeta6 integrin is epithelial-specific and binds to the ECM proteins fibronectin, vitronectin and tenascin, and also to the latency associated peptide of TGF-beta. Unlike most epithelial integrins, alphavbeta6 is not expressed constitutively by healthy oral epithelia, but is up-regulated during tissue remodelling, including that accompanying wound healing and carcinogenesis. Although, the data at present have been generated principally from in vitro studies, there is increasing evidence to suggest that alphavbeta6 may promote carcinoma progression: alphavbeta6 has been shown to modulate invasion, inhibit apoptosis, regulate protease expression and activate TGF-beta1. This review examines the current literature, and discusses the possible role of alphavbeta6 in wound healing, and in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Oxidized LDL Mediates the Release of Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 (1997)

Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) and lipoproteins play an important role in atherogenesis. In the present study, we explored a possible mechanism by which abnormal lipid metabolism could be linked to the proliferative aspects of the disease. We tested oxidized LDL (oxLDL) as a possible pathophysiological mediator of the release of FGF-1, using FGF-1-transfected mouse NIH 3T3 cells and FGF-1-transfected rabbit smooth muscle cells, and compared it with the release caused by elevated temperature. Immunoblot analysis showed that oxLDL induced the release of FGF-1 in a concentration-dependent manner from 10 to 100 micrograms/mL. The effect correlated with the extent of oxidative modification of LDL and was maximal within 4 hours of exposure of cells to oxLDL. In contrast to the temperature stress-induced FGF-1 secretion pathway, FGF-1 released in response to oxLDL (1) appeared in the conditioned medium as a monomer, (2) appeared independently of the presence of either actinomycin D or cycloheximide, and (3) was neither enhanced nor inhibited by brefeldin A. We did not detect cell loss, significant morphological changes, changes in growth characteristics, or other indications of lethal toxicity in oxLDL-treated cells. Although the level of lactate dehydrogenase activity was elevated after oxLDL exposure, the calculations showed that > 90% of the FGF-1 was released by viable cells. We propose that oxLDL-induced FGF-1 release is mediated by sublethal and apparently transient changes in cell membrane permeability. In the environment of an atherosclerotic lesion, oxLDL-induced FGF-1 release may be among the mediators of endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation.
<i>gem</i>-Disubstituent Effect:  Theoretical Basis and Synthetic Applications (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTgem-Disubstituent Effect: Theoretical Basis and Synthetic ApplicationsMichael E. Jung and Grazia PiizziView Author Information Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569 Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 5, 1735–1766Publication Date (Web):May 11, 2005Publication History Received2 June 2004Published online11 May 2005Published inissue 1 May 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr940337hhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr940337hresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views9776Altmetric-Citations778LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alkyls,Conformation,Cyclization,Hydrolysis,Substituents Get e-Alerts
Female Friendship as the Foundation of Love in Madeleine de Scudéry's “Histoire de Sapho” (2002)

(2002). Female Friendship as the Foundation of Love in Madeleine de Scudery's “Histoire de Sapho”. Journal of Homosexuality: Vol. 41, No. 3-4, pp. 23-35.
Perspective on Fluorocarbon Chemistry (2004)

Fluorocarbons, organic molecules with carbon skeletons and fluorine "skins", differ fundamentally from their hydrocarbon counterparts in interesting and useful ways. A selection of the myriad applications fluorocarbons and their derivatives have found in modern life is described and related to molecular properties. Salient aspects of the nature and reactivity of fluorocarbon compounds are highlighted by comparison with their more familiar hydrocarbon analogues.
Reseach of Time Synchronization Algorithm Based on IEEE1588 in Electric Power System (2012)

For the high accuracy synchronization requirement of IEC61850 based digital substation, to apply a combination of time synchronization scheme to Substation Automation System (SAS), PTP(pricision time synchronization protocol) is adopted between bay level and process level equipment, the paper presents a method of combination of adjusted frequency and adjusted phase to achieve precision synchronization based on principle of PTP. The result of the experiment shows the algorithm is more effective.
Nucleus-driven multiple large-scale deletions of the human mitochondrial genome: a new autosomal dominant disease. (1990)

We studied several affected and one nonaffected individuals belonging to three unrelated pedigrees. The pathological trait was an autosomal dominant mitochondrial myopathy due to large-scale multiple deletions of the mitochondrial genome. Clinically, symptomatic patients had progressive external ophthalmoplegia, muscle weakness and wasting, sensorineural hypoacusia, and, in some cases, vestibular areflexia and tremor. The muscle biopsies of all patients examined showed ragged-red fibers, neurogenic changes, and a partially decreased histochemical reaction to cytochrome c oxidase. Multiple mtDNA heteroplasmy was detected in the patients by both Southern blot analysis and PCR amplification, whereas the unaffected individual had the normal homoplasmic hybridization pattern. These findings confirm and add further details to the existence of a new human disease--defined clinically as a mitochondrial myopathy, genetically as a Mendelian autosomal dominant trait, and molecularly by the accumulation of multiple, large-scale deletions of the mitochondrial genome--that is due to impaired nuclear control during mtDNA replication.
<i>BALBES</i>: a molecular-replacement pipeline (2007)

The number of macromolecular structures solved and deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) is higher than 40 000. Using this information in macromolecular crystallography (MX) should in principle increase the efficiency of MX structure solution. This paper describes a molecular-replacement pipeline, BALBES, that makes extensive use of this repository. It uses a reorganized database taken from the PDB with multimeric as well as domain organization. A system manager written in Python controls the workflow of the process. Testing the current version of the pipeline using entries from the PDB has shown that this approach has huge potential and that around 75% of structures can be solved automatically without user intervention.
Annexin VII: an astroglial protein exhibiting a Ca2+-dependent subcellular distribution (2001)

A fundamental issue in neuronal and glial cells is how intracellular rises in Ca2+ are coupled to signaling cascades and changes in subcellular morphology. We studied the expression and localization of annexin VII (synexin), a Ca(2+)-/GTP-dependent membrane fusion protein, in the human CNS. Here, we demonstrate the presence of two annexin VII isoforms (47 and 51 kDa) in human brain tissue as well as its exclusive expression in astroglial cells. An in vitro study of astrocyte-derived C6 rat glioblastoma cells expressing a GFP tagged annexin VII fusion protein demonstrates a sequential redistribution of the fusion protein in response to rising intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Our findings indicate a role of annexin VII in the regulation of intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent processes in astroglial cells.
Io's nonlinear MHD‐wave field in the heterogeneous Jovian magnetosphere (2007)

Io's relative motion in the plasma torus strongly perturbs the incident magnetoplasma. The waves generated by Io then propagate through the dense plasma torus, the low‐density magnetospheric plasma and finally reach the Jovian ionosphere producing the well‐known Io footprint. Direct spacecraft observations by the Voyager and Galileo spacecraft demonstrated that Io's interaction is nearly fully saturated, i.e. the plasma flow close to Io is nearly brought to a halt in conjunction with a strong magnetic field perturbation. Here we use a nonlinear, three‐dimensional, time‐dependent MHD model to examine how the Io‐generated waves propagate, are partly reflected at plasma density gradients, and nonlinearly interact. In this work, we concentrate on the basic properties of the wave propagation based on a simplified magnetic field geometry. Despite the idealization, structural features such as the shape and morphology of the Io footprint and its wake can be qualitatively compared to measured data. We show that a strong and saturated interaction fundamentally modifies Io's wave field from the linear wave morphology picture traditionally studied. In particular, we find that due to the strong and thus nonlinear interaction the standard law of reflection completely breaks down. Io's Alfvén waves are reflected in Jupiter's ionosphere nearly anti‐parallel to the incident wave. We also notice overlapping and blending together of the multiply reflected Alfvén wings with increasing strength of Io's interaction. This could be a possible explanation for the disappearance of multiple footprints when Io moves to the torus center.
Cooperative control of tumor suppressor genes by a network of oncogenic microRNAs (2011)

Individual microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as oncogenes in experimental cancer models and their expression may affect clinical outcomes. To gain a more comprehensive view of miRNA action in leukemia, we analyzed miRNA expression patters in T-cell leukemia ALL (T-ALL) and cross-referenced the results with an unbiased genetic screen and computational analyses.1 We found that multiple microRNAs contribute to leukmogenesis and act as multi-targeted regulators of several tumor suppressor genes. The oncomirs form a network of overlapping and partially redundant interactions that stabilize the malignant phenotype though coordinate repression of cellular failsafe programs. The emerging network pattern of oncomir action is distinct from the notion of single oncogenic 'driver' mutation. We will discuss experimental, diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this concept of miRNA action in cancer.
MK-801 subsensitivity following postweaning lead exposure. (1995)

This study sought to determine whether the reported lead-induced inhibition of binding of the non-competitive NMDA receptor complex antagonist, MK-801, was of sufficient biological strength and relevance to produce changes in MK-801 behavioral sensitivity. Rats were chronically exposed from weaning to levels of 0, 50 or 150 ppm lead (Pb) acetate in drinking water and trained to discriminate the stimulus properties of 0.05 mg/kg MK-801 from saline at 2 months of age using a standard operant food-reinforced drug discrimination paradigm. Following acquisition of the discrimination, various doses of MK-801, of the non-competitive antagonist phencyclidine (PCP), the competitive antagonist CPP, and of NMDA, were substituted for 0.05 mg/kg MK-801 and percent MK-801 lever responding to each determined. Increasing doses of MK-801 and of PCP produced dose-related increases in MK-801 lever responding to levels exceeding 90%, whereas CPP produced levels less than 50 percent. NMDA produced primarily saline lever responding. Pb exposure was associated with MK-801 subsensitivity as indicated by downward and/or right-shifts of the MK-801 dose-effect curve, and by attenuated MK-801 lever responding following an MK-801 washout period. No Pb-related changes in sensitivity to PCP, CPP or NMDA were observed. These data provide in vivo support for the possibility that glutamatergic system changes could be involved in the behavioral toxicity produced by lead exposure.