gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic Image Alignment: Implementation And Applications To Imaging System Design (1985)

A new technique has been developed for geometrically rectifying images to subpixel accuracy in real time through high fidelity resampling. This technique permits significant simplification and cost reduction for a remote sensing system by relaxing the optical/mechanical alignment tolerances by about two orders of magnitude. A pipelined resampling processor has been built whose small size, weight, and power consumption permit it to be used on board a spacecraft or other vehicle. The high throughput of the processor prevents data logjams and permits the use of resampling kernels with better MTF and phase linearity than previously practical. A new design criterion that produces improved uniformity of MTF in the final image has been identified for the resampling kernels. These improvements over conventional resampling techniques result in improved data quality delivered to the end user and offer opportunities for streamlined data distribution. This technique and processor can also be applied to image motion compensation, data set merging, man-in-the-loop image warping, and image motion generation.
Joint pathology and platelet-rich plasma therapies (2011)

PRP therapies are more complicated than previously acknowledged, and an understanding of the fundamental processes and pivotal molecules involved will hopefully be elucidated soon. This challenge is to provide a comprehensive description of the relationship between PRP components, healing mechanisms and clinical outcomes. Although PRP therapies in clinical trials await assessment, they have shed light on new avenues of management because of their effects on repair functions.
Efficient BIST hardware insertion with low test application time for synthesized data paths (1999)

In this paper, new and efficient BIST methodology and BIST hardware insertion algorithms are presented for RTL data paths obtained from high level synthesis. The methodology is based on concurrent testing of modules with identical physical information by sharing the test pattern generators in a partial intrusion BIST environment. Furthermore, to reduce the number of signature analysis registers and test application time the same type modules are grouped in test compatibility classes and n-input k-bit comparators are used to check the results. The test application time is computed using an incremental test scheduling approach. An existing test scheduling algorithm is modified to obtain an efficient trade-off between the algorithm complexity and testable design space exploration. A cost function based on both test application time and area overhead is defined and a tabu search-based heuristic capable of exploring the solution space in a very rapid time is presented. To reduce the computational time testable design space exploration is carried out in two phases: test application time reduction phase and BIST area reduction phase. Experimental results are included confirming the efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Towards implementing multi-resource server on multi-core Linux platform (2013)

In this paper we present our ongoing work on implementing the multi-resource server technology in the Linux operating system running on multi-core architectures. The multi-resource server is used to control the access to both CPU and memory bandwidth resources such that the execution of real-time tasks become predictable. We are targeting Legacy applications to be migrated from single to multi-core architectures. We investigate the available techniques and mechanisms that can support our multi-resource servers and we discuss the potential problems that needed to be tackled considering the requirements of legacy applications.
Epithelial barrier function: assembly and structural features of the cornified cell envelope (2002)

Terminally differentiating stratified squamous epithelial cells assemble a specialized protective barrier structure on their periphery termed the cornified cell envelope (CE). It is composed of numerous structural proteins that become cross-linked by several transglutaminase enzymes into an insoluble macromolecular assembly. Several proteins are involved in the initial stages of CE assembly, but only certain proteins from a choice of more than 20 different proteins are used in the final stages of CE reinforcement, apparently to meet tissue-specific requirements. In addition, a variable selection of proteins may be upregulated in response to genetic defects of one of the CE proteins or tissue injury, in an effort to maintain an effective barrier. Additionally, in the epidermis and hair fiber cuticle, a layer of lipids is covalently attached to the proteins, which provides essential water barrier properties. Here we describe our current understanding of CE structure, a possible mechanism of its assembly, and various disorders that cause a defective barrier.
TATA-dependent enhancer stimulation of promoter activity in mice is developmentally acquired. (1994)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (tk) promoter activity depends on four transcription factor binding sites, one of which is a TATA box sequence, and the presence of either a cis-acting enhancer sequence or a transactivator protein. Studies presented here show that this TATA box was required for promoter activity only after cells began to differentiate and then only when promoter activity was stimulated by either an enhancer or a transactivator. When the HSV tk promoter was utilized by mouse embryos from the one-cell to eight-cell stage of development or by undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells, disruption of the HSV tk TATA box by site-specific mutations did not reduce promoter activity. This was true even when HSV tk promoter activity was stimulated strongly by either the embryo-responsive polyomavirus F101 enhancer or its natural transactivator, the HSV ICP4 gene product. However, stimulated expression was dependent on a distal Sp1 DNA binding site. Similarly, disruption of the TATA box did not reduce tk promoter activity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts or in immortalized 3T3 mouse fibroblasts; in fact, promoter activity was increased up to 2.6-fold. However, in these differentiated cells, stimulation of the HSV tk promoter by either the F101 enhancer or ICP4 protein required the TATA box. HSV tk promoter activity also was dependent on its TATA box in the mouse oocyte, a terminally differentiated cell with an endogenous transactivating activity. These results reveal that the need for a TATA box is developmentally acquired and depends on at least two parameters: the differentiated state of the cell and stimulation of the promoter by either an enhancer or a transactivator.
Efficient sampling rate alteration using recursive (IIR) digital filters (1983)

A general scheme for changing sampling rates is developed, and a method of designing recursive (IIR) filters for use in this general scheme is presented. If phase response is ignored, then this scheme provides a considerable savings in computations over nonrecursive (FIR) schemes. The use of recursive filters with approximately linear phase also led to a performance better than that using nonrecursive filters. The quantization effects in the new scheme are minimal.
A High Power Density Single-Phase PWM Rectifier With Active Ripple Energy Storage (2010)

It is well known that single-phase pulse width modulation rectifiers have second-order harmonic currents and corresponding ripple voltages on the dc bus. The low-frequency harmonic current is normally filtered using a bulk capacitor in the bus, which results in low power density. However, pursuing high power density in converter design is a very important goal in the aerospace applications. This paper studies methods for reducing the energy storage capacitor for single-phase rectifiers. The minimum ripple energy storage requirement is derived independently of a specific topology. Based on the minimum ripple energy requirement, the feasibility of the active capacitor's reduction schemes is verified. Then, we propose a bidirectional buck–boost converter as the ripple energy storage circuit, which can effectively reduce the energy storage capacitance. The analysis and design are validated by simulation and experimental results.
Optimistic implementation of bulk data transfer protocols (1989)

During a bulk data transfer over a high speed network, there is a high probability that the next packet received from the network by the destination host is the next packet in the transfer. An optimistic implementation of a bulk data transfer protocol takes advantage of this observation by instructing the network interface on the destination host to deposit the data of the next packet immediately into its anticipated final location. No copying of the data is required in the common case, and overhead is greatly reduced. Our optimistic implementation of the V kernel bulk data transfer protocols on SUN-3/50 workstations connected by a 10 megabit Ethernet achieves peak process-to-process data rates of 8.3 megabits per second for 1-megabyte transfers, and 6.8 megabits per second for 8-kilobyte transfers, compared to 6.1 and 5.0 megabits per second for the pessimistic implementation. When the reception of a bulk data transfer is interrupted by the arrival of unexpected packets at the destination, the worst-case performance of the optimistic implementation is only 15 percent less than that of the pessimistic implementation. Measurements and simulation indicate that for a wide range of load conditions the optimistic implementation outperforms the pessimistic implementation.
A Parsimonious Model for Gene Regulation by miRNAs (2011)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) act with the Argonaute family of proteins to regulate target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) posttranscriptionally. SiRNAs typically induce endonucleolytic cleavage of mRNA with near-perfect complementarity. For targets with less complementarity, both translational repression and mRNA destabilization mechanisms have been implicated in miRNA-mediated gene repression, although the timing, coupling, and relative importance of these events have not been determined. Here, we review gene-specific and global approaches that probe miRNA function and mechanism, looking for a unifying model. More systematic analyses of the molecular specificities of the core components coupled with analysis of the relative timing of the different events will ultimately shed light on the mechanism of miRNA-mediated repression.
Algorithm Design for Gamut Mapping From UHDTV to HDTV (2016)

With the advent of Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020 (Rec. 2020) color space for ultra-high definition television (UHDTV), the development of a gamut mapping algorithm for wide to standard gamuts is greatly needed. In wide-gamut UHDTV production, particularly under the assumption of simultaneous live UHDTV and high-definition television (HDTV) broadcast scenarios, real-time gamut mapping from UHDTV to HDTV is vital. Designing such an algorithm requires a careful consideration of the shape and size of significantly different gamuts. In this paper, we set some requirements for gamut mapping from UHDTV to HDTV, and propose a hue-preserved gamut mapping algorithm. The mapping paths are designed in the CIE 1976 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">${L^{\ast}}{a^{\ast}}{b^{\ast}}$</tex></formula> (CIELAB) color space through modifications of the hue prediction based on our subjective experimental results on the constant perceived hue. To prevent an excessive chroma reduction, the lightness of the out-of-gamut colors is changed. The design process and mathematical expressions of our proposed gamut mapping algorithm are provided. In addition, we demonstrate the improvements in image quality.
The Primacy of β1 Integrin Activation in the Metastatic Cascade (2012)

After neoplastic cells leave the primary tumor and circulate, they may extravasate from the vasculature and colonize tissues to form metastases. β1 integrins play diverse roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, including extravasation. In blood cells, activation of β1 integrins can be regulated by "inside-out" signals leading to extravasation from the circulation into tissues. However, a role for inside-out β1 activation in tumor cell metastasis is uncertain. Here we show that β1 integrin activation promotes tumor metastasis and that activated β1 integrin may serve as a biomarker of metastatic human melanoma. To determine whether β1 integrin activation can influence tumor cell metastasis, the β1 integrin subunit in melanoma and breast cancer cell lines was stably knocked down with shRNA and replaced with wild-type or constitutively-active β1. When tumor cells expressing constitutively-active β1 integrins were injected intravenously into chick embryos or mice, they demonstrated increased colonization of the liver when compared to cells expressing wild-type β1 integrins. Rescue expression with mutant β1 integrins revealed that tumor cell extravasation and hepatic colonization required extracellular ligand binding to β1 as well as β1 interaction with talin, an intracellular mediator of integrin activation by the Rap1 GTPase. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated knock down of talin reduced hepatic colonization by tumor cells expressing wild-type β1, but not constitutively-active β1. Overexpression in tumor cells of the tumor suppressor, Rap1GAP, inhibited Rap1 and β1 integrin activation as well as hepatic colonization. Using an antibody that detects activated β1 integrin, we found higher levels of activated β1 integrins in human metastatic melanomas compared to primary melanomas, suggesting that activated β1 integrin may serve as a biomarker of invasive tumor cells. Altogether, these studies establish that inside-out activation of β1 integrins promotes tumor cell extravasation and colonization, suggesting diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for targeting of β1 integrin signaling in neoplasia.
Prediction of Next-Utterance Timing using Head Movement in Multi-Party Meetings (2017)

To build a conversational interface wherein an agent system can smoothly communicate with multiple persons, it is imperative to know how the timing of speaking is decided. In this research, we explore the head movements of participants as an easy-to-measure nonverbal behavior to predict the nest-utterance timing, i.e., the interval between the end of the current speaker's utterance and the start of the next speaker's utterance, in turn-changing in multi-party meetings. First, we collected data on participants' six degree-of-freedom head movements and utterances in four-person meetings. The results of the analysis revealed that the amount of head movements of current speaker, next speaker, and listeners have a positive correlation with the utterance interval. Moreover, the degree of synchrony of the head position and posture between the current speaker and next speaker is negatively correlated with the utterance interval. On the basis of these findings, we used their head movements and the synchrony of their head movements as feature values and devised several prediction models. A model using all features performed the best and was able to predict the next-utterance timing well. Therefore, this research revealed that the participants' head movement is useful for predicting the next-utterance timing in turn-changing in multi-party meetings.
Data loss prevention using an ephemeral key (2011)

With the advent of cloud storage, smartphones, MP3 music players, and removable flash devices, data is more mobile than ever before. However, with this newfound mobility come the issues of how to determine whether data may be too sensitive to leave a user's device, and, if it is appropriate to save the data to remote storage, how best to secure it for the long term. Data loss prevention applications per form this job, typically by redirecting potentially sensitive saved files to a secure local storage quarantine, scanning them, and then doing a final copy to remote storage if the scan passes policy. The problem with local storage quarantine is the additional overhead required to essentially serially write the file twice-once to local storage and finally once to the remote storage destination. This paper presents an alternate method for doing data loss prevention using an ephemeral cryptographic key. By using an ephemeral key, encrypted data can be safely scanned in situ on the remote storage destination and securely removed if inappropriate. This direct technique results in better efficiency and lower latency than a circuitous local storage quarantine. An added benefit of using an ephemeral key for data loss prevention is that the encrypted file can be secured afterward to the persistent keys of multiple recipients with a minimum of additional post-processing.
A novel de-embedding method suitable for transmission-line measurement (2015)

A novel de-embedding method on transmission line device under testing (DUT) is introduced in this paper. The technique can be used as an alternative to classic calibration approaches, such as SOLT, TRL, LRM, or LRRM whenever the de-embedded structure is a transmission line. The method only requires two measurement patterns: a true through as test fixture and a total pattern with targeting DUT embedded in. With a quasi-symmetry requirement in test fixtures, it is also a good substitute for newly released two-pattern de-embedding methodologies which have rigid symmetric demanding in text fixtures design and manufactures.
Induction of Hepatic Glutathione S-transferase Activity in Mice Administered with Various Vegetable Extracts (1997)

The effect of various vegetables commonly consumed by Koreans on the induction of glutathione S-transferase(GST) activity in mice was assessed. The extract of vegetable dissolved in propylene glycol(5ml/㎏ body wt.) was administered to ICR female mice 6 to 8 weeks old via gavage during 5 days. The changes of body weight and liver weight of all treated groups were not significantly different compared with control group. Hepatic protein contents of treated groups compared with control group were not significantly different except BHT treated group. The induction of GST activity in liver cytosol of mice was the greatest with broccoli, followed by radish, wild green onion, turnip, and green onion. The induction of GST activity in liver cytosol increased up to 1.5 to 1.8-folds at a dose of 24g fresh vegetable/mouse. The induction of combination between vegetables was the highest with the combination of broccoli and radish(1.83-fold), followed by that of broccoli and green onion(1.72-fold), and that of broccoli and turnip(1.50-fold).
Effects of Interfacial Redox in Mussel Adhesive Protein Films on Mica (2011)

Formation of dehydrodopa in an adhesive mussel foot protein (mfp3) during autoxidation or periodate-mediated oxidation influences film thickness on mica in the surface forces apparatus (SFA). Dehydrodopa-dependent protein conformations in mussel plaque may enable different packing modes that are reversible.
An adaptive package management system for scheme (2007)

This paper presents a package management system for the Scheme programming language. It is inspired by the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN) and various GNU/Linux distributions. It downloads, installs, and prepares source codes for execution. It manages the dependencies between packages. The main characteristic of this system is its neutrality with respect to the various Scheme implementations. It is neutral with respect to the language extensions that each Scheme implementation proposes and with respect to the execution environment of these implementations. This allows the programmer to blend, within the same program, independent components which have been developed and tested within different Scheme implementations. ScmPkg is available at: http://hop.inria.fr/scmpkg.
Pulse-Doppler ultrasound and its clinical application. (1977)

Doppler devices can provide clinically useful information about blood flow. This paper describes how a pulse-Doppler instrument has been linked to a B-scan machine so that flow patterns in any ultrasonically accessible vessel can be monitored from the skin surface. The same transducer is used for both modes of investigation to enable accurate and reliable positioning of the sample-volume. After briefly summarizing the principles of continuous-wave and pulse-Doppler operation, the concepts and relative advantages of coherent and non-coherent detection are explained. The potential clinical uses of the pulse-echo-Doppler hybrid and Doppler devices in general are then discussed.
Coherent selective erasure of superimposed volume holograms in LiNbO3 (1975)

Selective erasure of superimposed holograms recorded in Fe−doped LiNbO3 is reported. This process consists of photoinducing complementary refractive index changes which cancel the previously recorded changes. It can be applied to any stacked hologram in the crystal volume as well as to any part of one selected hologram; in this last case it performs the Boolean operation exclusive or.
Multipotent nestin-positive, keratin-negative hair-follicle bulge stem cells can form neurons (2005)

We have recently shown that the expression of nestin, the neural stem cell marker protein, is expressed in bulge-area stem cells of the hair follicle. We used transgenic mice with GFP expression driven by the nestin regulatory element [nestin-driven GFP (ND-GFP)]. The ND-GFP stem cells give rise to the outer-root sheath of the hair follicle as well as an ND-GFP interfollicular vascular network. In this study, we demonstrate that ND-GFP stem cells isolated from the hair-follicle bulge area that are negative for the keratinocyte marker keratin 15 can differentiate into neurons, glia, keratinocytes, smooth muscle cells, and melanocytes in vitro. These pluripotent ND-GFP stem cells are positive for the stem cell marker CD34, as well as keratin 15-negative, suggesting their relatively undifferentiated state. The apparent primitive state of the ND-GFP stem cells is compatible with their pluripotency. Furthermore, we show that cells derived from ND-GFP stem cells can differentiate into neurons after transplantation to the subcutis of nude mice. These results suggest that hair-follicle bulge-area ND-GFP stem cells may provide an accessible, autologous source of undifferentiated multipotent stem cells for therapeutic application.
Tax Effects of Book-Tax Conformity, Financial Reporting Incentives, and Firm Size (2013)

ABSTRACT This study employs a natural experiment to examine the tax effects of a change in the level of conformity between tax and financial reporting in China for firms with different financial reporting incentives. We find that in a full book-tax conformity system, firms with incentives to report higher book income pay significantly higher income tax (per dollar of sales) than do firms without the same incentives. Although we do not find similar evidence in a non-conformed system, we observe cross-sectional variation in taxes paid by firms of varying sizes: by exploiting non-conforming financial reporting rules to a greater extent, large firms pay proportionately lower taxes than do small firms. To improve financial reporting quality, many countries have adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) that may affect book-tax reporting differences. Our results suggest that this policy alternative is less desirable from a tax perspective. Therefore, accounting standard setters and securities regulators around the world should consider not only how such a change is intended to benefit capital markets, but also what unintended consequences this policy choice might have for government revenue. Our results also strengthen the government policy position on giving more tax relief to small firms. Data Availability: All data are available from public sources.