gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fusion of high-resolution DEMs for water flow modeling (2017)

New technologies for terrain reconstruction have increased the availability of topographic data at a broad range of resolutions and spatial extents. The existing digital elevation models (DEMs) can now be updated at a low cost in selected study areas with newer, often higher resolution data using unmanned aerial systems (UAS) or terrestrial sensors. However, differences in spatial coverage and levels of detail often create discontinuities along the newly mapped area boundaries and subsequently lead to artifacts in results of DEM analyses or models of landscape processes. To generate a seamless updated DEM, we propose a generalized approach to DEM fusion with a smooth transition while preserving important topographic features. The transition is controlled by distance-based weighted averaging along the DEMs’ blending overlap with spatially variable width based on elevation differences. We demonstrate the method on two case studies exploring the effects of DEM fusion on water flow modeling in the context of precision agriculture. In the first case study, we update a lidar-based DEM with a fused set of two digital surface models (DSMs) derived from imagery acquired by UAS. In the second application, developed for a tangible geospatial interface, we fuse a georeferenced, physical sand model continuously scanned by a Kinect sensor with a lidar-based DEM of the surrounding watershed in order to computationally simulate and test methods for controlling storm water flow. The results of our experiments demonstrate the importance of seamless, robust fusion for realistic simulation of water flow patterns using multiple high-resolution DEMs.
Objectivity, Subjectivity and Statistical Evidence (2014)

<strong>Introduction:</strong> Statistics has applications in many fields. The point behind all of these applications is that there are questions for which there is no obvious way that we can obtain definitive answers. The reason for this lies in variation, which can arise for many reasons, and this leads to uncertainty. The health sciences provides an excellent example of this as the variation among patients, such as physical, genetic and lifestyle characteristics, lead to different responses to a treatment for a health problem. We are then left with the questions of whether or not a treatment works and, if so, how well.
THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS ON U.S. FREIGHT TRAFFIC (1973)

This study was undertaken to analyze the effects of changes in national economic activity on the traffic activity of the five modes of freight transport during the period 1950-66. Rail tonnage, for example, which reflects considerable sensitivity, has coal, primary metals, and transportation equipment accounting for approximately 35 percent of the total. That all transport series reacted, however, is evident even when that reaction was represented by a reduced rate of increase rather than an outright decline.
VLSI Design for High-Speed Sparse Parity-Check Matrix Decoders (2006)

In this paper, the design of high-speed iterative decoders for sparse parity-check matrix (SPCM) codes such as LDPC, repeat-accumulate and turbo-like codes is addressed. The random nature of the underlying Tanner graph associated with these codes is problematic for a high-speed decoder implementation. This issue is addressed by designing structured SPCM codes tailored for low-complexity scalable decoders using the turbo-decoding message-passing (TDMP) algorithm. Analysis using EXIT charts shows that a better performance/complexity tradeoff is achieved when the number of decoding iterations is small which is attractive for high-speed applications. A scalable decoder architecture for structures SPCM codes employing the TDMP algorithm is presented
Control of Escherichia coli superoxide dismutase (sodA and sodB) genes by the ferric uptake regulation (fur) locus (1990)

The ferric uptake regulation (fur) gene product participates in regulating expression of the manganese- and iron-containing superoxide dismutase genes of Escherichia coli. Examination of beta-galactosidase activity coded from a chromosomal phi(sodA'-'lacZ) fusion suggests that metallated Fur protein acts as a transcriptional repressor of sodA (manganese superoxide dismutase [MnSOD]). Gel retardation assays demonstrate high-affinity binding of pure, Mn2(+)-Fur protein to DNA fragments containing the sodA promoter. These data and the presence of an iron box sequence in its promoter strongly suggest that sodA is part of the iron uptake regulon. An sodB'-'lacZ fusion gene borne on either a low- or high-copy plasmid yielded approximately two- to threefold more beta-galactosidase activity in Fur+ compared with Fur- cells; the levels of activity depended only weakly on the growth phase and did not change during an extended stationary phase. Measurement of FeSOD activity in logarithmic growth phase and in overnight cultures of sodA and fur sodA backgrounds revealed that almost no FeSOD activity was expressed in Fur- strains, whereas wild-type levels were expressed in Fur+ cells. Fur+ and Fur- cells bearing the multicopy plasmid pHS1-4 (sodB+) expressed approximately sevenfold less FeSOD activity in the fur background, and staining of nondenaturing electrophoretic gels indicates that synthesis of FeSOD protein was greatly reduced in Fur- cells. Gel retardation assays show that Mn2(+)-Fur had a significantly higher affinity for the promoter fragment of sodB compared with that of random DNA sequences but significantly lower than for the promoter fragment of sodA. These observations suggest that the apparent positive regulation of sodB does not result exclusively from a direct interaction of holo (metallated) Fur itself with the sodB promoter. Nevertheless, the sodB gene also appears to be part of the iron uptake regulon but not in the classical manner of Fe-dependent repression.
Kerberos assisted Authentication in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (2004)

An ad-hoc network comprises mobile nodes that cooperate with each other using wireless connections to route both data and control packets within the network. As the low transmission power of each node limits its communication range, the nodes must assist and trust each other in forwarding packets from one node to another. However, this implied trust relationship can be threatened by malicious nodes that may fabricate, modify or disrupt the orderly exchange of packets. Security demands that all packets be authenticated before being used.
A Fast and Accurate Unconstrained Face Detector (2015)

We propose a method to address challenges in unconstrained face detection, such as arbitrary pose variations and occlusions. First, a new image feature called Normalized Pixel Difference (NPD) is proposed. NPD feature is computed as the difference to sum ratio between two pixel values, inspired by the Weber Fraction in experimental psychology. The new feature is scale invariant, bounded, and is able to reconstruct the original image. Second, we propose a deep quadratic tree to learn the optimal subset of NPD features and their combinations, so that complex face manifolds can be partitioned by the learned rules. This way, only a single soft-cascade classifier is needed to handle unconstrained face detection. Furthermore, we show that the NPD features can be efficiently obtained from a look up table, and the detection template can be easily scaled, making the proposed face detector very fast. Experimental results on three public face datasets (FDDB, GENKI, and CMU-MIT) show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance in detecting unconstrained faces with arbitrary pose variations and occlusions in cluttered scenes.
A ligation-based single-stranded library preparation method to analyze cell-free DNA and synthetic oligos (2019)

SRSLY is a versatile tool for converting short and fragmented DNA molecules, like cfDNA fragments, into sequencing libraries while retaining native lengths and ends.
A Quality of Service Architecture for IEEE 802.16 Standards (2005)

A worldwide demand for a high-speed, always-on broadband wireless system across residential and business regions is emerging rapidly due to an increasing reliance on Internet for information, business and entertainment, as well as new bandwidth-intensive applications. The IEEE 802.16 Air Interface Standard is truly a state-of-the-art specification for fixed Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) Systems employing a point-to-multipoint (PMP) architecture. Although IEEE 802.16 standards define different mechanisms to provide Quality of Service requirements, it is the responsibility of the developers to obtain efficient designs and thus, providing QoS in BWA systems has become a challenging issue for designers of such systems. In this paper, we introduce a novel architecture to support Quality of Service in IEEE 802.16 standards. Moreover, we propose a design approach to implement such architecture. Simulation result shows the high performance of our architecture for all types of traffic classes defined by the standard.
An algorithm for automated closure during assembly (2010)

The algorithm is useful for small-genome automated finishing projects. Our implementation is available as open-source from http://wgs-assembler.sourceforge.net under the GNU Public License.
Cyclic AMP-Induced Repair of Zebrafish Spinal Circuits (2004)

Neurons in the human central nervous system (CNS) are unable to regenerate, as a result of both an inhibitory environment and their inherent inability to regrow. In contrast, the CNS environment in fish is permissive for growth, yet some neurons still cannot regenerate. Fish thus offer an opportunity to study molecules that might surmount the intrinsic limitations they share with mammals, without the complication of an inhibitory environment. We show by in vivo imaging in zebrafish that post-injury application of cyclic adenosine monophosphate can transform severed CNS neurons into ones that regenerate and restore function, thus overcoming intrinsic limitations to regeneration in a vertebrate.
Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) Kinases: Development of ATP and Non- ATP Dependent Inhibitors (2006)

Extracellular signals regulate most of the bodys physiological functions through the MAP kinase signaling pathways. These MAP kinase signaling pathways are normally under tight regulation such that activation and inactivation occurs only when needed. However, aberrant regulation observed with naturally occurring mutations in specific signaling proteins often results in constitutive activation of the MAP kinases and is involved in several pathophysiological conditions, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and inflammation. As such, much effort has been expended to develop inhibitory molecules of the MAP kinase signaling pathways. Several compounds have been identified that inhibit MAP kinase signaling by targeting receptors or other proteins upstream of the MAP kinases. The development of specific inhibitors of the MAP kinases themselves has been less successful and only a few compounds, which interfere with ATP binding, have been identified. A common problem with kinase inhibitors that compete with ATP binding is their lack of specificity. Thus, alternative approaches to inhibit MAP kinase function are being sought. The MAP kinase proteins contain docking domains that direct the interactions with a variety of substrate proteins. Using the 3-dimensional structure of MAP kinases and computer modeling, molecules that target specific docking domains and selectively disrupt substrate interactions are being developed. This non-ATP interfering approach may allow the selective inhibition of MAP kinase substrates involved in disease processes while preserving MAP kinase functions associated with normal cells.
IR laser ablation of dental enamel: mechanistic dependence on the primary absorber (1998)

The mechanism of ablation of dental enamel was investigated at IR laser wavelengths from 9.3–10.6 μm and 2.7–3.0 μm. The mechanism of ablation varies markedly depending on whether the laser energy is coupled to the water (Er:YAG – λ=3.0 μm) or coupled to the mineral (CO2 – λ=9.6 μm). The ablation threshold occurs well below the melting point of dental enamel (1280°C) as indicated by SEM and time resolved surface temperature measurements during Er:YAG laser ablation. Conversely, ablation is initiated at temperatures above the melting point of hydroxyapatite during irradiation with 9.6 μm CO2 laser radiation. The ablation mechanism is apparently photomechanical in nature and water mediated at 2.94 μm, while near 9.6 μm, the mechanism is more indicative of thermal vaporization of the mineral matrix. Absorption spectra and SEM are used to support the hypothesis that the spatial distribution of water and mineral in the enamel microstructure is responsible for the mechanistic differences in ablation observed between the two IR wavelength regions.
Structure and electrical conductivity of cosputtered gold-chromium alloy films (1973)

Cosputtering of Au and Cr produces polycrystalline thin films in the entire compositional range up to solubility limits of 49 at.% Cr in Au corresponding to the phase diagram of bulk material. Compositions of the Au–Cr system were checked by electron-probe microanalysis. The change in lattice constant with addition of Cr in Au shows exactly the same deviation from Vegard's law as bulk. The resistivity changes with increasing Cr content are presented and the temperature coefficient is found to be constant in the range -150–160°C.
Recombinant Expression and Characterization of Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis Thermostable α-Glucosidase with Regioselectivity for High-Yield Isomaltooligosaccharides Synthesis (2009)

A novel thermostable alpha-glucosidase (TtGluA) from Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MB4 was successfully expressed in E. coli and characterized. The TtgluA gene contained 2253 bp, which encodes 750 amino acids. The native TtGluA was a trimer with monomer molecular mass of 89 kDa shown by SDS-PAGE. The purified recombinant enzyme showed hydrolytic activity on maltooligosaccharides, pnitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranide, and dextrin with an exo-type cleavage manner. TtGluA showed preference for short-chain maltooligosaccharides and the highest specific activity for maltose of 3.26 units/mg. Maximal activity was observed at 60 degrees C and pH 5.5. The half-life was 2 h at 60 degrees C. The enzyme showed good tolerance to urea and SDS but was inhibited by Tris. When maltose with the concentration over 50 mM was used as substrate, TtGluA was also capable of catalyzing transglycosylation to produce alpha-1,4-linked maltotriose and alpha-1,6-linked isomaltooligosaccharides. More importantly, TtGluA showed exclusive regiospecificity with high yield to produce alpha-1,6-linked isomaltooligosaccharides when the reaction time extended to more than 10 h.
A bacterial enzyme degrading the model lignin compound β‐etherase is a member of the glutathione‐<i>S</i>‐transferase superfamily (1993)

Cleavage of beta-aryl ether linkages is essential in lignin degradation. We identified another beta-etherase gene (ligF), which contains an open reading frame of 771 bp and lies between genes coding C alpha-dehydrogenase (ligD) and beta-etherase (ligE). The beta-etherase activity of LigF expressed in Escherichia coli was more than 80 times as high as that of LigE. ligF and ligE are homologous to glutathione-S-transferase, and upon addition of glutathione a remarkable acceleration of beta-etherase activity was found in E. coli carrying ligF. It is concluded that LigF plays a central role in beta-aryl ether cleavage and that glutathione is the hydrogen donor in this reaction.
Commutation Signaling - An Antimultipath Technique (1984)

Two types of commutation signaling for combating multipath are introduced: <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M \times N</tex> signaling, in which the signal set cycles successively among <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> different sets of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</tex> sigals each; and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M + N</tex> signaling, in which the signal set at any time consists of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</tex> members of an alphabet of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M + N</tex> signals, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> of which are inactive at any epoch. In both cases, the objective is to remove from use any signal sent recently enough that it is still "ringing" in the multipath channel. We consider the problems of minimization of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</tex> , hence the total number signals used; analysis of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2 \times N</tex> sets ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M = 2</tex> is almost uniformly optimal); analysis of the simplest <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M + N</tex> set, i.e., a 2 + 1 set; and presentation of the results of simulation of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M \times N</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M + N</tex> signaling through realistic urban/suburban radio channels. Comparison of these simulations to simulations of other antimultipath techniques is also made. The simulation results are due to Kamil [3].
Synthesis with .alpha.-heterosubstituted phosphonates. Part 13. Synthesis of trisubstituted vinyl chlorides (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis with .alpha.-heterosubstituted phosphonates. Part 13. Synthesis of trisubstituted vinyl chloridesMichael D. Crenshaw and Hans ZimmerCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 16, 2782–2784Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00164a036https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00164a036research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Software for CAA compliance (1994)

Because of the enormous amount of emissions data that must be collected and reported quarterly to EPA, software is becoming as essential as hardware in the compliance procedure. This article reports on some problems being encountered and their solutions. By November 15, 1993, 50 some electric utilities affected by Phase 1 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAA) Title 4 had begun continuous emissions monitoring (CEM) to meet the requirements of 40CFR75. By January 1, 1995, roughly 100 Phase 2-affected utilities must implement their CEM programs to comply with the same regulations. In both cases, software for the data-acquisition and handling system (DAHS) is the overarching challenge. The quantity of CEM data that must be reported quarterly by a DAHS, in computer-readable form, is enormous. Each day, the DAHS for a typical Phase 1 unit generates 225 records of CEM data in EPA's prescribed format, consisting of 690 critical data fields. Thus, in an average quarter, a utility with five units will submit to EPA a quarterly report comprising over 100,000 records and 310,000 critical data fields. Only with quality DAHS software can these reports be generated.
Nucleotide sequence and biochemical characterization of the<i>metJ</i>gene from<i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>LT2 (1985)

The nucleotide sequence of the Salmonella typhimurium metJ gene is presented along with the sequence of the promoter region for the closely linked metB gene. The two genes are transcribed in opposite directions, with transcription initiating from a single promoter for metB, and from two apparent promoters for metJ. RNA polymerase binding sites for metJ and metB, determined by in vitro protection studies, lie adjacent to each other and may overlap. The two metJ promoters, PJ1 and PJ2, are separated by approximately 65 base pairs. Binding of RNA polymerase in vitro could only be observed for PJ1, even though transcripts are initiated from both promoters in vivo. The metJ gene codes for a polypeptide of 105 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 12,110. The translation start site was determined by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of a metJ-lacZ fusion protein.
The Borgs, a New Family of Cdc42 and TC10 GTPase-Interacting Proteins (1999)

The Rho family of GTPases plays key roles in the regulation of cell motility and morphogenesis. They also regulate protein kinase cascades, gene expression, and cell cycle progression. This multiplicity of roles requires that the Rho GTPases interact with a wide variety of downstream effector proteins. An understanding of their functions at a molecular level therefore requires the identification of the entire set of such effectors. Towards this end, we performed a two-hybrid screen using the TC10 GTPase as bait and identified a family of putative effector proteins related to MSE55, a murine stromal and epithelial cell protein of 55 kDa. We have named this family the Borg (binder of Rho GTPases) proteins. Complete open reading frames have been obtained for Borg1 through Borg3. We renamed MSE55 as Borg5. Borg1, Borg2, Borg4, and Borg5 bind both TC10 and Cdc42 in a GTP-dependent manner. Surprisingly, Borg3 bound only to Cdc42. An intact CRIB (Cdc42, Rac interactive binding) domain was required for binding. No interaction of the Borgs with Rac1 or RhoA was detectable. Three-hemagglutinin epitope (HA(3))-tagged Borg3 protein was mostly cytosolic when expressed ectopically in NIH 3T3 cells, with some accumulation in membrane ruffles. The phenotype induced by Borg3 was reminiscent of that caused by an inhibition of Rho function and was reversed by overexpression of Rho. Surprisingly, it was independent of the ability to bind Cdc42. Borg3 also inhibited Jun kinase activity by a mechanism that was independent of Cdc42 binding. HA(3)-Borg3 expression caused substantial delays in the spreading of cells on fibronectin surfaces after replating, and the spread cells lacked stress fibers. We propose that the Borg proteins function as negative regulators of Rho GTPase signaling.
Microarray Production: Quality of DNA and Printing (2004)

This chapter includes the following topics: Quality Control for cDNA Probes Long-Oligo Arrays Slide Coating Slide Autofluorescence Printing Quality Control Summary