gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a karyotypically normal cytotoxic leukemic T-cell line from a T-ALL sample engrafted in SCID mice (1993)

Bone marrow (BM) cells from a child with an immature (CD3-) acute T lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) bearing no chromosomal abnormalities failed to grow in long-term culture in the presence or absence of recombinant human (rh) growth factors but could be engrafted in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice and induced leukemia. The leukemic cells recovered from the animal tissues could be adapted to grow in vitro in the presence of rh interleukin-2 (IL-2) and give rise to a growth factor-dependent cell line designated TALL-107. This cell line expresses T-cell-specific mature markers (CD2, CD3/T-cell receptor [TCR] alpha beta, CD8, CD56), and its growth can be inhibited by IL-4 of all the cytokines tested. Similar to the original leukemic blasts, TALL-107 cells are clonal, have rearranged TCR-beta, gamma, and delta loci, and a normal 46 XY karyotype. However, unlike the patient's BM cells, the TALL-107 cell line displays potent tumoricidal activity that is not major histocompatibility complex restricted. The magnitude of mRNA expression of perforin and serine esterases and of lytic activity depends on the doses of IL-2 added. TALL-107 cells can also be triggered by CD3- and CD2-specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to mediate reverse tumor cell lysis. In addition, this cell line produces high levels of interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha on stimulation with anti-CD3 and/or anti-CD2 MoAb both in the presence or absence of IL-2. The overall data indicate that the SCID mouse is able to support the functional maturation and expansion of a cytotoxic T- cell subset from some types of T-ALL.
Effective background data selection in SVM speaker recognition for unseen test environment: More is not always better (2011)

This study focuses on determining a procedure to select effective negative examples for development of improved Support Vector Machine (SVM) based speaker recognition. Selection of a background dataset, comprising of a group of negative examples, is critical in development of an effective decision surface between the primary speaker and outside speaker rejection space. Previous studies generally fix the number of examples based on development data for system performance evaluation, while for real applications this does not guarantee sustained performance for unseen data. In the proposed method, the error is estimated on the support vector to select the background dataset, thereby by customizing the back ground dataset for each enrollment speaker instead of training models with a fixed background data. The proposed method finds the equivalent or improved EER and DCF compared with the previous SVM-based studies, and provides consistent performance for unseen data. The method improves the 6% relative improvement on EER and DCF for NIST SRE 2010.
Acrylic-Type Resist Removal Using 532 nm Laser Pulses (2006)

We have developed a resist removal process that uses a laser. Laser irradiation far below the ablation threshold was useful to remove a resist that was strongly adhered to the substrate. We used the second harmonics of Nd:YAG laser pulses to irradiate the polyacrylic-type resist for manufacturing printed circuit boards. At appropriate laser fluence, the resist, which transmits the laser light 80% at , was detached from the substrate while retaining its original shape. This technique is not based on laser ablation. Therefore, no damage occurred to the substrate. It was a dry process: it used neither water nor chemicals. Compared to conventional chemical processing, environmental pollution is prevented. Power consumption and running costs can be reduced.
A self-organizing principle for learning nonlinear manifolds (2002)

Modern science confronts us with massive amounts of data: expression profiles of thousands of human genes, multimedia documents, subjective judgments on consumer products or political candidates, trade indices, global climate patterns, etc. These data are often highly structured, but that structure is hidden in a complex set of relationships or high-dimensional abstractions. Here we present a self-organizing algorithm for embedding a set of related observations into a low-dimensional space that preserves the intrinsic dimensionality and metric structure of the data. The embedding is carried out by using an iterative pairwise refinement strategy that attempts to preserve local geometry while maintaining a minimum separation between distant objects. In effect, the method views the proximities between remote objects as lower bounds of their true geodesic distances and uses them as a means to impose global structure. Unlike previous approaches, our method can reveal the underlying geometry of the manifold without intensive nearest-neighbor or shortest-path computations and can reproduce the true geodesic distances of the data points in the low-dimensional embedding without requiring that these distances be estimated from the data sample. More importantly, the method is found to scale linearly with the number of points and can be applied to very large data sets that are intractable by conventional embedding procedures.
Immune Responses to a Class II Helper Peptide Epitope in Patients with Stage III/IV Resected Melanoma (2004)

The importance of CD8(+) cytolytic T cells for protection from viral infection and in the generation of immune responses against tumors has been well established. In contrast, the role of CD4(+) T-helper cells in human infection and in cancer immunity has yet to be clearly defined. In this pilot study, we show that immunization of three resected, high-risk metastatic melanoma patients with a T-helper epitope derived from the melanoma differentiation antigen, melanoma antigen recognized by T cells-1, results in CD4(+) T-cell immune responses. Immune reactivity to that epitope was detected by DR4-peptide tetramer staining, and enzyme-linked immunospot assay of fresh and restimulated CD4(+) T cells from patients over the course of the 12-month vaccine regimen. The postvaccine CD4(+) T cells exhibited a mixed T-helper 1/T-helper 2 phenotype, proliferated in response to the antigen and promiscuously recognized the peptide epitope bound to different human leukocyte antigen-DRbeta alleles. For 1 DRbeta1*0401(+) patient, antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells recognized human leukocyte antigen-matched antigen-expressing tumor cells, secreted granzyme B, and also exhibited cytolysis that was MHC class II-restricted. These data establish the immunogenicity of a class II epitope derived from a melanoma-associated antigen and support the inclusion of class II peptides in future melanoma vaccine therapies.
A self-organising spiking neural network trained using delay adaptation (2007)

This paper proposes a self-organising delay adaptation spiking neural network model for clustering control chart patterns. This temporal coding spiking neural network model employs a Hebbian-based rule to shift the connection delays instead of the previous approaches of delay selection. Here the tuned delays compensate the differences in the input firing times of temporal patterns and enables them to coincide. The coincidence detection capability of the spiking neuron has been utilised for pattern detection. The structure of the network is similar to that of a Kohonen's self-organising map (SOM) except that the output layer neurons are coincidence detecting spiking neurons. An input pattern is represented by the neuron that is the first to fire among all the competing spiking neurons. Clusters within the input data are identified with the location of the winning neurons and their firing times. The proposed spiking neural network has been utilised to cluster SPC control chart patterns. The trained network obtained an average clustering accuracy of 96.1% on previously unseen test data. This was achieved with a network of 8times8 spiking neurons trained for 20 epochs containing 1000 training examples. The clustering accuracy of the proposed model was found to be better than that of Kohonen's SOM.
Characterization of Glucose-Mediated Insulin Release from Implantable Polymers (1996)

We characterized a glucose-sensitive, controlled-release insulin delivery system. Insulin release rates increased when glucose was perfused in the release media surrounding the matrix. The system was composed of solid, particulate insulin, incorporated into an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVAc) matrix. Feedback control was mediated by the glucose oxidase enzyme immobilized to Sepharose beads, which were incorporated along with insulin into the EVAc matrix. When glucose in solution entered the insulin delivery system, gluconic acid was produced, causing a drop in the microenvironmental pH of the matrix. This fall in pH resulted in a rise in insulin solubility and consequently a rise in the insulin release rate from the matrix. Insulin concentrations increased in vitro and in vivo in response to glucose infusion. The increased insulin release was shown to consist of a finite pulse of insulin that required an optimal recovery period of 1 h to achieve a maximal repeated response to a glucose stimulus. Repeated pulses were demonstrated over a 4 h period. An optimum enzyme ratio was also determined.
OUR FOLK-MUSIC AND ITS PROBABLE IMPRESS ON AMERICAN MUSIC OF THE FUTURE CASUAL REMARKS BY WAY OF SURVEY (1921)

OUR FOLK-MUSIC AND ITS PROBABLE IMPRESS ON AMERICAN MUSIC OF THE FUTURE CASUAL REMARKS BY WAY OF SURVEY Get access JOHN TASKER HOWARD, Jr. JOHN TASKER HOWARD, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Musical Quarterly, Volume VII, Issue 2, April 1921, Pages 167–171, https://doi.org/10.1093/mq/VII.2.167 Published: 01 April 1921
Electroluminescence from a ZnSe p-n Junction Fabricated by Nitrogen-Ion Implantation (1989)

Electroluminescence has been obtained from ZnSe p-n junctions. ZnSe films were grown on n-type GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The dopant used for n-type ZnSe was Ga, and p-type ZnSe was formed by nitrogen ion implantation into undoped ZnSe which was grown on the Ga-doped ZnSe layer. Rapid thermal annealing was performed using an infrared lamp in N 2 ambient. The formation of a p-n junction was confirmed by measuring electron beam-induced current. The electroluminescence spectra were dominated by two peaks of band-edge emission at 446 and 459 nm at 77 K.
Uplink-downlink duality via minimax duality (2006)

The sum capacity of a Gaussian vector broadcast channel is the saddle point of a minimax Gaussian mutual information expression where the maximization is over the set of transmit covariance matrices subject to a power constraint and the minimization is over the set of noise covariance matrices subject to a diagonal constraint. This sum capacity result has been proved using two different methods, one based on decision-feedback equalization and the other based on a duality between uplink and downlink channels. This paper illustrates the connection between the two approaches by establishing that uplink-downlink duality is equivalent to Lagrangian duality in minimax optimization. This minimax Lagrangian duality relation allows the optimal transmit covariance and the least-favorable-noise covariance matrices in a Gaussian vector broadcast channel to be characterized in terms of the dual variables. In particular, it reveals that the least favorable noise is not unique. Further, the new Lagrangian interpretation of uplink-downlink duality allows the duality relation to be generalized to Gaussian vector broadcast channels with arbitrary linear constraints. However, duality depends critically on the linearity of input constraints. Duality breaks down when the input constraint is an arbitrary convex constraint. This shows that the minimax representation of the broadcast channel sum capacity is more general than the uplink-downlink duality representation.
Some applications of cyclic voltammetry to the reactions and properties of ruthenium ammine complexes. Reduction potentials and rate studies (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome applications of cyclic voltammetry to the reactions and properties of ruthenium ammine complexes. Reduction potentials and rate studiesTadashi. Matsubara and Peter C. FordCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1976, 15, 5, 1107–1110Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50159a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50159a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1001Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tracking Drilling Efficiency Using Hydro-Mechanical Specific Energy (2009)

Abstract Over the last few years, different types of bits have been introduced to meet the challenges of steerable as well as rotary steerable systems; and it is imperative that bits be utilized optimally in these systems. As challenges increase with increasing depths, it becomes even more important for one to efficiently utilize the available energy. A new correlation identifying inefficient drilling conditions is presented in this paper. Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE) has been used to improve drilling rates, with mixed results. Hydro Mechanical Drilling Specific Energy (HMSE), which is introduced here, encompasses hydraulic as well as mechanical energy. HMSE quantifies the amount of energy required to drill a unit volume of rock and remove it from underneath the bit. HMSE includes axial, torsional, and hydraulic energy and is different from MSE because it includes a hydraulic term. The initial MSE correlation (Teale, 1964) was modified to accommodate the new hydraulic term. This paper attempts to better model downhole drilling by introducing the hydraulic energy term in the MSE correlation by defining it as hydro mechanical specific energy. While the majority of the drilling occurs because of the bit, it is a well known fact that some drilling occurs due to the "jet impact impingement" caused by the drilling fluid as well. A comprehensive set of equations have also been developed and introduced here for hole opening scenarios. Experimental and field data presented in this paper show that HMSE can identify inefficient drilling conditions. The new hydraulic term included in the specific energy correlation is the key to correctly match the amount of energy required to drill and overcome the strength and stresses of formation being drilled. Also, this new term illustrates how much hydraulic energy is needed to drill faster when the mechanical energy (axial and torsional) is increased. The results also show the importance of including the bit hydraulic energy term into any specific energy analysis for drilling optimization. The pump-off force for weight on the bit due to the fluid force is also included in the calculation. Field results reveal specific patterns for inefficient drilling conditions and also reveal a good correlation between calculated HMSE and the expected requirements for rock removal under existent conditions of stress at the bit face.
SPECT Imaging of Stroke (1995)

Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a helpful tool for the management of stroke patients. Brain perfusion SPECT can help differentiate an ischemic event from peri-ictal phenomena such as Todd's paresis. Initial data suggest that SPECT may be useful in prognosticating the likelihood of an early stroke after a transient ischemic attack and in distinguishing lacunar from cortical stroke. After an acute stroke, early SPECT depicts the area of ischemia with greater accuracy than either computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. When the perfusion defect is large, the likelihood of hemorrhagic complications or herniation increases. Reperfusion of an arterial territory after thrombolysis can be documented more conveniently with SPECT than with angiography. SPECT before and after the injection of acetazolamide has been used to assess the vascular reserve in patients with severe stenosis of the proximal vessels of the cerebrovascular tree. Combined with transcranial Doppler studies, SPECT is used to document ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. It has also been used to assess the effect of arterial ligation intended to treat arteriovenous malformations or aneurysms on brain perfusion and to evaluate ischemia secondary to pressure from an intracranial hemorrhage.
Fragmentation pathways of metopimazine and its metabolite using ESI‐MS<sup><i>n</i></sup>, HR‐MS and H/D exchange (2010)

Metopimazine (MPZ) is a phenothiazine derivative used to prevent emesis during chemotherapy where few structural analysis of the aforementioned compound have been described in the literature. Thus, this work reports, for the first time, the detailed study of fragmentation pathways of MPZ and its metabolite (AMPZ) using electrospray ionization (EI) with multistage mass spectrometry (ESI-MS(n)) in positive-ion mode. The structures of 21 product ions were identified and their accurate masses were determined using high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) experiments. Characteristic product ions of these two phenothiazine derivatives are more particularly displayed along with differences between their relative abundances and their structures checked by H/D exchange experiments.
Online gesture recognition system for mobile interaction (2004)

This paper introduces an accelerometer-based online gesture recognition system. Recognition of gestures can be utilised as a part of a human computer interaction for mobile devices, e.g. cell phones, PDAs and remote controllers. Gestures are captured with a small wireless sensor-box that produces three dimensional acceleration signal. Acceleration signal is preprocessed, vector quantised and finally classified using Hidden Markov Models. The design of online gesture recognition for mobile devices sets requirements for data processing. Thus, the system uses a small size codebook and simple preprocessing methods. The recognition accuracy of system is tested with gestures of four degrees of complexity. Experimental results show great potential for recognising simple and even more complex gestures with good accuracy.
A Highly Reactive and Sinter‐Resistant Catalytic System Based on Platinum Nanoparticles Embedded in the Inner Surfaces of CeO<sub>2</sub> Hollow Fibers (2012)

Hohle Ceroxidfasern mit auf ihren Innenoberflächen eingebetteten Pt-Nanopartikeln (Pt-NPs) bilden sich durch sequenzielles Abscheiden von Pt-NPs und CeO2-Hüllen auf elektrogesponnenen Polystyrolfasern mit nachfolgender Kalzinierung an Luft bei 400 °C. Trotz relativ geringer Pt-Beladung ist die Turnover-Frequenz der CO-Oxidation durch dieses System um zwei bis drei Größenordnungen höher als die anderer Systeme; die Reaktivität bleibt stabil bis 700 °C. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Text normalization in code-mixed social media text (2015)

This paper addresses the problem of text normalization, an often overlooked problem in natural language processing, in code-mixed social media text. The objective of the work presented here is to correct English spelling errors in code-mixed social media text that contains English words as well as Romanized transliteration of words from another language, in this case Bangla. The targeted research problem also entails solving another problem, that of word-level language identification in code-mixed social media text. We employ a CRF based machine learning approach followed by post-processing heuristics for the word-level language identification task. For spelling correction, we used the noisy channel model of spelling correction. In addition, the spell checker model presented here tackles wordplay, contracted words and phonetic variations. Overall, the word-level language identification achieved 90.5% accuracy and the spell checker achieved 69.43% accuracy on the detected English words.
<i>In vitro</i> comparison of antimicrobial activity of iodine and silver dressings against biofilms (2009)

There are large and potentially significant differences (as measured in vitro) in the effectiveness of wound dressings containing broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents such as silver and iodine against specific types of bacterial biofilms.
Dopa/Catechol-Tethered Polymers: Bioadhesives and Biomimetic Adhesive Materials (2014)

AbstractHow does man dare to accept nature's challenges? A myriad of natural products with stunning structures and impressive properties fashion the research platforms of scientists, particularly the chemists and biologists. Indeed, research work undertaken by the latter scientists has unveiled concealed nature's mysteries. Of these mysteries, nature provides us with unusual adhesives in the form of L-DOPA-containing proteins, existing within the mussel feet and commonly called mussel foot proteins (fps). The uniqueness of these bioadhesives resides in their adhering performance to all kinds of surfaces and, more astonishing, under a wet environment. Up to six fps for Mytilus species (Mfps) were identified with varying extents of DOPA content. Improved adhesion performance was even observed for the recombinant Mfps expressed in Escherichia coli. Amine and catechol functionalities are crucial moieties and do play a synergetic effect for such adhesion. In addition, the in vivo crosslinking generated via an oxidative process of catechol units of DOPA to o-quinone groups at marine pH (8.5), takes part into this adhesion occurrence. In vitro crosslinking was achieved with oxidizing agents such as periodate ion and Fe(III), resulting in oxidative crosslinking (covalent crosslinking) and coordinative one (non-covalent crosslinking), respectively. To delve into the enigmatic phenomenon and unravel the chemistry behind, scientists strive to experiment their adhesive ability to substrata of different chemical natures, to make synthetic analogues, that is, bioinspired mussel adhesives, and apply the same work-up. Catechol and its derivatives such as DOPA and dopamine were either polymerized under simulated natural conditions or attached to skeletons of several synthetic polymers and biopolymers. The ongoing thus-biased research has now opened new avenues in biomedicals, hydrogels applications, antifouling processes, and nanotechnology. As friendly operation is greatly coveted, one promising fact is the surgical suture with such bioadhesive and the making of self-healing related materials.Keywords: AntifoulingbioadhesivescatecholDOPAhydrogelsmussels
Evaluation of IgE Antibodies to Recombinant Peanut Allergens in Patients with Reported Reactions to Peanut (2011)

The results indicate that IgE reactivity to Ara h 1, 2 and 3 is associated with severe reactions after exposure to peanut in Swedish patients.