gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Architectures for high-order multibit Sigma delta modulators (2002)

Sigma Delta modulators with higher-order noise shaping and multibit internal quantizers are described. A new realization method for single-stage high-order modulators is discussed, and a new multistage architecture with multibit quantizers and interstage scaling is described. A digital correction method for the effects of nonideal analog components of the multistage modulator is presented. Simulation results are included to verify the theoretical considerations.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Flowability and fiber content homogeneity of natural fiber polypropylene composites in injection molding (2016)

As an index of viscosity, flowability of natural fiber polypropylene composites is assessed by spiral mold test using injection molding machine. The effect of the processing parameters like the injection temperature at 180-220°C, injection pressure at 500-1000 bar and the mold temperature of room temperature and 80°C on flowability is studied. The investigated parameters are the fiber shape (Non branched straight cellulose versus low flexural stiffness and branched hemp fibers), fiber length (0.5 versus 1.5 mm chopped cellulose fibers) and fiber content Wf (10 versus 30 wt%). The results show that the most significant parameters in a descending order are the pressure, temperature and the mold temperature. Another aspect of the product quality is the homogeneity of the fiber content through the whole injected spirals. Therefore samples are taken out at even distances along the spiral. The cut samples are dissolved to extract fibers and calculate the fiber content. Fiber content definition along the injected spirals proved that it is not constant and the deviation in its measurements can reach to almost 30% from the nominal value. The results prove the separation of fibers before being injected specially in cases of low pressure and low injection temperatures. Secondly, the fiber content varies in a cyclic way. The number of cycles increases with the increase of temperature and pressure but with smaller amplitude of variation. The variation of the fiber content in cellulose fluctuates around an almost constant value which is not the case with hemp variation. Thirdly, the fiber content shows in most of the cases a parabolic trend with a minimum point just shortly after the input injection point. Fourth, the change in fiber length behaves more or less like change in fiber content especially at both low pressure and temperature. Fifth, the variation in fiber content (Wfmax – Wfmin) along the spiral is clear in composites with hemp fibers at high processing temperature / pressure. These results about variation in fiber content are studied in terms of the measured fiber dimensions. Fiber length is defined by the dynamic image analysis system QICPIC. Fiber length proves that the longer the fiber length, most likely the higher the fiber content. However, these results are still in need to be deeply analyzed and better understood in order to open the door in future for robust simulation.
Black-box performance models for virtualized web service applications (2010)

In order to reduce the operating costs of IT systems, nowadays service applications are executed in virtualized infrastructures and a time varying fraction of the physical servers' capacity is shared among running applications. The performance modelling of a virtualized server is very challenging as the impact of the choice of the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) scheduler, its parameters and I/O management overhead is still only partially understood. In this paper, black-box models based on the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) framework are proposed for the run-time modelling and performance control of Web services in virtualized hosting environments. As the behavior of the application response time is highly time varying and the workload conditions substantially change within the same business day, LPV models seem very promising for predicting the performance of such systems. Specifically, the suitability of subspace LPV identification methods for multi-variable systems is investigated and their performance assessed on experimental data gathered on Xen environments.
Resistance to fouling accomplished by modification of ultrafiltration membranes (2008)

In this study polysulfone (PSU) membranes or smooth PSU surfaces were modified by adsorption of macromolecules from solution. A cationic polyelectrolyte poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and a neutral block copolymer (PEOB) were used as modifying agents. The effects of modification were studied with ultrafiltration experiments using ovalbumin (OA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) or lysozyme (LYS) as model substances and with contact-angle measurements. Moreover, titrations of the proteins, streaming potential measurements of some membranes,a nd adsorption studies with the quartz crystal microbalance were carried out. — The enhanced electrostatic repulsion between the protein molecules and the membrane and an increased hydrophilicity of the membrane surface decreased fouling and the importance of these two factors was pH-dependent. The results showed that modification, both with PEI and PEOB decreased fouling by about 25% for LYS at pH 6.1. For OA modification with PEI gave positive results at nearly all pH values studied. The best results were obtained near or below the isoelectric point of OA. Modification with PEOB improved flux for BSA at pH 6.1 but not at pH 3.1. Flux reduction and the amount of adsorption on the PSU surface correlated for BSA and LYS. Moreover, the data imply adsorption of LYS molecules also into the pores of the membrane.
The impact of 55−CG‐3′ methylation on the activity of different eukaryotic promoters: A comparative study (1994)

The inhibiting or inactivating effects of position-specific promoter methylation in different viral or human cellular promoters Ad2 E2AL, SV40, LTR-MMTV, HSV-tk, TNF alpha) have been compared by in vitro 5'-CCGG-3' methylation by M-HpaII or the M-SssI DNA-methyltransferase, respectively. In most promoters, 5'-CG-3' methylation reduces activity to a few percent of that of mock-methylated controls. The number of 5'-CG-3' dinucleotides in a promoter does not strictly correlate with the extent of methylation inhibition. The LTR-MMTV promoter, which lacks 5'-CG-3' dinucleotides, is not affected by methylation. The late E2A promoter of Ad2 DNA cannot be inactivated by 5'-CCGG-3' methylation when the construct carries the strong cytomegalovirus enhancer devoid of this sequence. In contrast, 5'-CG-3' methylation shuts this promoter off even in the presence of this enhancer.
A novel single-cell transmission scheme for multicast services in LTE-advanced (2014)

As the rate of smart phone users increases, the utilization of wireless resources for mobile networks is becoming more important. The 3rd Generation Partnership Program (3GPP) organization has pushed ahead the standardization of broadcasting services in mobile cells for the benefit of every mobile device. In addition, the Long Term Evolution (LTE)-Advanced standardization group provides the concepts of the Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service (E-MBMS) network architecture using a multi-cell transmission scheme. However a multi-cell transmission scheme demonstrates inefficiency in wireless resource usage in the case of small user group multicasts, such as social broadcasting and personal broadcasting services. Therefore, we propose a novel single-cell transmission scheme for small user group multicast services appropriate for the LTE-advanced system. We design a single-cell transmission scheme and show how the scheme is applied to a test-bed platform of the LTE-advanced system.
Observation of Surface Bound State and Two-Dimensional Energy Band by Electron Tunneling (1970)

Using electron tunneling, we have made direct observation of a surface bound state of electrons localized in a narrow accumulation layer at the InAs-oxide interface. The Landau-level structure of the two-dimensional energy band, associated with the bound state, has been studied in a magnetic field up to 85 kG.
Thiosulfate reduction, an important physiological feature shared by members of the order thermotogales (1995)

Several members of the order Thermotogales in the domain Bacteria, viz., Thermotoga neapolitana, Thermotoga maritima, Thermosipho africanus, Fervidobacterium islandicum, and Thermotoga strain SEBR 2665, an isolate from an oil well, reduced thiosulfate to sulfide. This reductive process enhanced cellular yields and growth rates of all the members but was more significant with the two hyperthermophiles T. neapolitana and T. maritima. This is the first report of such an occurrence in this group of thermophilic and hyperthermophilic anaerobic bacteria. The results suggest that thiosulfate reduction is important in the geochemical cycling of sulfur in anaerobic thermal environments such as the slightly acidic and neutral-pH volcanic hot springs and oil reservoirs.
Antagonistic modulation of gliomagenesis by <i>Pax6</i> and <i>Olig2</i> in PDGF‐induced oligodendroglioma (2012)

Gliomas are aggressive tumors of the central nervous system originating from proliferating neural cells. Regulators of neural stem or progenitor cells biology may thus influence aspects of brain tumorigenesis, such as the maintenance of tumor-propagating potential. We investigated the role of Pax6, a neurogenic transcription factor already suggested as a positive prognostic marker for human gliomas, in a well-characterized in vivo model of PDGF-B-driven oligodendroglioma. In this system, the expression of Pax6 severely impairs tumor propagation by inducing a reduction of cell proliferation and the acquisition of differentiation traits in tumor-initiating cells. The overexpression of Pax6 correlates with a downregulation of Olig2, a bHLH transcription factor that normally antagonizes Pax6 in adult neurogenic niches and that plays a key role in the maintenance of neural stem and progenitor cells. Furthermore, we found that Olig2 is strictly required to maintain the malignancy of oligodendroglioma cells, since its silencing by interfering RNA abrogates tumor propagation. We finally show evidence that this function depends, at least in part, on the silencing of ID4, a dominant negative bHLH protein, whose upregulation follows Olig2 loss. In our model, the upregulation of ID4 mimics the loss of Olig2 in impairing the tumor-propagating potential of glioma cells. Our data, therefore, establish the relevance of physiological regulators of neural stem cell biology in regulating glial tumor malignancy and provide support for their functional interactions in this context.
Synthesis of membranes of zeolites ZSM-5 and ZSM-35 by the vapour phase method (1992)

J. Dong, T. Dou, X. Zhao and L. Gao, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 1056b DOI: 10.1039/C3992001056B
Notes - Some New Quaternary-Substituted Alkyl Morpholinium Chlorides and Pyrrolodinium Alkyl Sulfates (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNotes - Some New Quaternary-Substituted Alkyl Morpholinium Chlorides and Pyrrolodinium Alkyl SulfatesWilliam Hart and Martin McGrealCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1957, 22, 1, 86–88Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1957Publication History Published online9 April 2003Published inissue 1 January 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01352a609https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01352a609research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views144Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formation of Shape-Preserving Pulses in a Nonlinear Adiabatically Integrable System (1994)

We have obtained a class of solitary wave solutions to novel exactly integrable nonlinear wave equations. Conservation laws can be identified and velocities of propagation predicted. We propose to test our predictions in the optical domain with two-color experiments.
An adaptive link assignment algorithm for dynamically changing topologies (1993)

An adaptive link assignment algorithm for the distributed optimization of dynamically changing network topologies is presented. The algorithm is responsible for determining the network connectivity by controlling the selection of links to be established and disconnected. This algorithm is designed to recover from predictable link outages as well as massive unpredictable failures. To minimize computational time complexity as well as to improve transient response. Some known graph-theoretic algorithms are utilized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Jahn-Teller Effect of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Ion in Eightfold Cubic Coordination (1967)

The paramagnetic resonance of ${\mathrm{Sc}}^{2+}(3{d}^{1})$ exhibits three different kinds of spectra as the temperature is raised from 1.5 to 77\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. They are all explained in terms of internal asymmetry due to electronic-vibrational coupling (Jahn-Teller effect). Quantum-mechanical tunneling, as well as relaxation and strain, have an effect on the paramagnetic-resonance transitions. The first two effects are used to determine the symmetry and the energy level of the lowest vibronic states. From this an estimate of the parameters which describe the Jahn-Teller potential is made.
The Sopranos Meets EverQuest Social Networking in Massively Multiplayer Online Games (2003)

This article explores the ways social interaction plays an integral role in the game EverQuest. Through our research we argue that social networks form a powerful component of the gameplay and the gaming experience, one that must be seriously considered to understand the nature of massively multiplayer online games. We discuss the discrepancy between how the game is portrayed and how it is actually played. By examining the role of social networks and interactions we seek to explore how the friendships between the players could be considered the ultimate exploit of the game.
Binding of Catalase-Peroxidase-Activated Isoniazid to Wild-Type and Mutant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Enoyl-ACP Reductases (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTBinding of Catalase-Peroxidase-Activated Isoniazid to Wild-Type and Mutant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Enoyl-ACP ReductasesAnnaik Quemard, Andrea Dessen, Michelle Sugantino, William R. Jacobs,, James C. Sacchettini, and John S. BlanchardView Author Information Departments of Biochemistry and Microbiology & Immunology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx, New York 10461 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie Fondamentales-CNRS Université Paul Sabatier-118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, FranceCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 6, 1561–1562Publication Date (Web):February 14, 1996Publication History Received28 March 1995Revised14 December 1995Published online14 February 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja950998bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja950998brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views438Altmetric-Citations74LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Drug resistance,Genetics,Infectious diseases,Monomers,Peptides and proteins Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of a dual relief well operation (2013)

Loading with probenecid, OAT, and MRP inhibitors improves [<sup>131</sup>I]MIBG accumulation.
Localization and Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Biopsies From Patients With Interstitial Cystitis (2008)

The increased levels of endogenously formed nitric oxide in patients with interstitial cystitis correspond to increased inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression and protein levels in these patients. Furthermore, inducible nitric oxide synthase was found to be localized to the urothelium but it was also found in macrophages in the bladder mucosa. Whether high levels of endogenously formed nitric oxide are a part of the pathogenesis in interstitial cystitis and whether it has a protective or damaging role remain to be elucidated.
Photochemical Production of Nitric Oxide via Two-Photon Excitation with NIR Light (2004)

Herein we demonstrate the successful photochemical generation of nitric oxide via two-photon excitation (TPE) from the supramolecular complex PPIX−RSE ({μ-S,μ-S‘-protoporphyrin-IX−bis(2-thioethyl)diester]tetranitrosyl-diiron). The TPE fluorescence spectra indicate efficient energy transfer from the PPIX antennae to the iron sulfur nitrosyl cluster. Further evidence of NO release is demonstrated using a nitric oxide specific electrode and ESI+ MS.
The significance of variation in the selectivity of proteinuria. (1975)

The selectivity of proteinuria has been determined immunochemically at least 4 times over periods of 3 years or more in 27 children and adolescents who had been investigated by renal biopsy. Variations of the selectivity outside the limits of experimental error were observed in 14 patients, in 8 of whom there was a progressive decline. Six of these 8 had focal and segmental glomerular lesions, including one case of Alport's syndrome, and 2 had proliferative glomerulonephritis. Two different anomalies of relative IgG clearance were noted: in proliferative glomerulonephritis there was a constantly low clearance, and in focal glomerulosclerosis an elevated clearance increasing with time. Indirect evidence suggests that the latter may be due to the presence of low molecular weight IgG fragments in serum and urine.
A recommended error control architecture for ATM networks with wireless links (1997)

This paper provides performance results through analysis and simulation for key error control problems encountered in using wireless links to transport asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cells. Problems considered include the forward-error correction (FEC) and interleaving at the physical layer, the impact of wireless links on the ATM cell header-error control (HEC) sand cell delineation (CD) functions, the application of data link automatic repeat-request (ARQ) for traffic requiring reliable transport, and the impact of the choice of end-to-end ARQ protocol for reliable service. We conclude that it is very important to make the physical layer as SONET-like as possible through the use of powerful FEC, interleaving, and ARQ. These additional error control measures are especially necessary for disturbed channels because of the degrading effects of the channel on higher-layer functions. A recommended error control architecture is given with tradeoffs.
Overload of iron in the skin of patients with varicose ulcers. Possible contributing role of iron accumulation in progression of the disease. (1988)

The brown pigmentation of the skin associated with venous ulceration is caused by increased local iron deposition. Diagnostic x-ray spectrometry, a method based on x-ray fluorescence analysis, was used for the noninvasive determination of iron levels in the skin of patients with venous ulceration. The mean (+/- SEM) iron concentration in the skin around the venous ulcer was elevated, compared with control values of nonulcerated skin (250 +/- 54 vs 128 +/- 39 micrograms) and compared with normal skin from the forearm (250 +/- 54 vs 14 +/- 2.5 micrograms). These data suggest that dermal iron deposition may not be an incidental by-product of increased venous pressure, but may actively perpetuate tissue damage in venous ulcerations.
Utilization of Low Nitrogen Barley for Production of Distilling Quality Malt (2020)

The potential to utilize low nitrogen barley for production of distilling quality malt was studied. This presents an opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of nitrogen fertilizer applications. Malting barley (cv. Octavia) was grown without the application of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, to produce grain with a relatively low nitrogen concentration (1.16%, dry weight basis). Following micro-malting trials, dextrinizing units (58 DU) obtained from low nitrogen malt were much higher than a typical specification of 45 DU for malt with a conventional nitrogen concentration (<1.5%). A higher soluble nitrogen ratio (SNR) or index of modification (IoM) of 49 indicated greater modification of the low nitrogen barley, resulting in higher extract released into the wort. Additionally, much lower levels of β-glucan were found in low nitrogen malt wort (64 mg/L compared with over 100 mg/L in wort of conventional nitrogen malt). Low nitrogen malt also produced higher predicted spirit yields following wort fermentation and wash distillation. These findings indicate that lower nitrogen concentration barley can be processed without negatively impacting malt quality for distilling applications. The implication of these findings to help realize more environmentally sustainable production of barley for malting and use in distilling is discussed.