gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Mycoplasma hyorhinis p37 Protein Rapidly Induces Genes in Fibroblasts Associated with Inflammation and Cancer (2015)

The p37 protein at the surface of Mycoplasma hyorhinis cells forms part of a high-affinity transport system and has been found associated with animal and human cancers. Here we show in NIH3T3 fibroblasts, p37 rapidly induces the expression of genes implicated in inflammation and cancer progression. This gene activation was principally via the Tlr4 receptor. Activity was lost from p37 when the C-terminal 20 amino acids were removed or the four amino acids specific for the hydrogen bonding of thiamine pyrophosphate had been replaced by valine. Blocking the IL6 receptor or inhibiting STAT3 signalling resulted in increased p37-induced gene expression. Since cancer associated fibroblasts support growth, invasion and metastasis via their ability to regulate tumour-related inflammation, the rapid induction in fibroblasts of pro-inflammatory genes by p37 might be expected to influence cancer development.
The role of the Type I interferon response in the resistance of mice to filovirus infection (2001)

Adult immunocompetent mice inoculated with Ebola (EBO) or Marburg (MBG) virus do not become ill. A suckling-mouse-passaged variant of EBO Zaire '76 ('mouse-adapted EBO-Z') causes rapidly lethal infection in adult mice after intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation, but does not cause apparent disease when inoculated subcutaneously (s.c.). A series of experiments showed that both forms of resistance to infection are mediated by the Type I interferon response. Mice lacking the cell-surface IFN-alpha/beta receptor died within a week after inoculation of EBO-Z '76, EBO Sudan, MBG Musoke or MBG Ravn, or after s.c. challenge with mouse-adapted EBO-Z. EBO Reston and EBO Ivory Coast did not cause illness, but immunized the mice against subsequent challenge with mouse-adapted EBO-Z. Normal adult mice treated with antibodies against murine IFN-alpha/beta could also be lethally infected with i.p.-inoculated EBO-Z '76 or EBO Sudan and with s.c.-inoculated mouse-adapted EBO-Z. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice became ill 3-4 weeks after inoculation with EBO-Z '76, EBO Sudan or MBG Ravn, but not the other viruses. Treatment with anti-IFN-alpha/beta antibodies markedly accelerated the course of EBO-Z '76 infection. Antibody treatment blocked the effect of a potent antiviral drug, 3-deazaneplanocin A, indicating that successful filovirus therapy may require the active participation of the Type I IFN response. Mice lacking an IFN-alpha/beta response resemble primates in their susceptibility to rapidly progressive, overwhelming filovirus infection. The outcome of filovirus transfer between animal species appears to be determined by interactions between the virus and the innate immune response.
Temperature dependent mechanical behavior of plastic packaging materials (2002)

This paper outlines sample preparation methodology and provides mechanical property data for commonly used plastic packaging materials. Included are die attach epoxies, mold compounds, liquid encapsulants (glob top material), printed circuit board laminate, and solder mask. Elastic modulus and thermal expansivity were characterized in the temperature range between -65/spl deg/C and 260/spl deg/C. Where possible, data were measured on samples cut from actual product to account for any microstructural effects that are process dependent. If special samples had to be fabricated, they were first subjected to the temperature profiles expected in actual manufacturing processes before being tested. The main effect of these added thermal exposures was to increase the glass transition temperature.
Oral immunization of rainbow trout, <i>Salmo gairdneri</i> Richardson, against vibriosis with vaccines protected against digestive degradation (1989)

Abstract. In order to reduce digestive degradation of vaccines against vibriosis when administered orally to fish, two methods of protecting the antigens were tested. Lyophilized vaccine was either incorporated into a slow‐release pellet or coated by an acid‐resistant film. These vaccines were compared to both oral vaccination by an unprotected vaccine as well as to standard vaccination methods of immersion and injection. However, mortalities after an artificial challenge showed that the efficacy of the protected vaccines was lower than that of the unprotected vaccine given orally and the standard vaccination procedures. The reason for this is probably that the important antigens of vibriosis vaccines are lipopolysaccharides which are little affected by gastric digestion, and the coating of the vaccine or incorporation into slow‐release pellets resulted only in reduced absorption of the antigens.
An Examination of Institutional Approaches to Students Who Exhibit Suicidal Behaviors (2015)

Changing regulations related to suicidal students have led institutions to re-evaluate their policies and processes. This collective case study examined institutional responses to the revised direct threat test standard, as well as enforcement of policies that address liability, the duty of care, and compliance issues surrounding disability regulations. Findings focus on the importance of policies that address behaviors rather than diagnoses, the impact of those behaviors on the campus community, the use of due process, and the importance of collaborative decision making.
An Algorithm for Surface-Fitting with Spline Functions (1981)

Journal Article An Algorithm for Surface-Fitting with Spline Functions Get access P. DIERCKX P. DIERCKX Applied Mathematics and Programming Division, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 A, B-3030 Heverlee, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis, Volume 1, Issue 3, July 1981, Pages 267–283, https://doi.org/10.1093/imanum/1.3.267 Published: 01 July 1981 Article history Received: 29 July 1980 Published: 01 July 1981
Isolation of Vibsanines A, B, C, D, E and F from<i>Viburnum odoratissimum</i>. (1980)

A bioassay survey was conducted of constituents of leaves of Viburnum odoratissimum Ker., a “fish poison” plant. The bioassays led to the isolation of a new piscicidal compound vibsanine A (TLm against Oryzias latipes, 0.18 μg/ml), a new plant growth inhibitor vibsanine B (IC50 against root growth of rice seedlings, 57 μg/ml) and related compounds vibsanines C, D, E and F.
Autophagy-deficient mice develop multiple liver tumors (2011)

Autophagy is a major pathway for degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles, and has been implicated in tumor suppression. Here, we report that mice with systemic mosaic deletion of Atg5 and liver-specific Atg7⁻/⁻ mice develop benign liver adenomas. These tumor cells originate autophagy-deficient hepatocytes and show mitochondrial swelling, p62 accumulation, and oxidative stress and genomic damage responses. The size of the Atg7⁻/⁻ liver tumors is reduced by simultaneous deletion of p62. These results suggest that autophagy is important for the suppression of spontaneous tumorigenesis through a cell-intrinsic mechanism, particularly in the liver, and that p62 accumulation contributes to tumor progression.
Essays in inventory control (2009)

This thesis studies four important problems faced in the theory of inventory control. The first chapter addresses the issue of calculating optimal inventory policies in stochastic inventory problems, when unknown demand parameters are estimated from a sample of demand observations. A general framework for combining estimation and optimization problems is developed for a class of inventory problems when the demand distribution belongs to the scale-location family. The results show that biasing the scale parameter estimates gives better inventory policies for both cost minimization and service achievement objectives. The second chapter studies a periodic review, single-product, single facility inventory problem with multiple customer classes, each requiring a different service level. Customer demands are random and independent with a stationary probability distribution. The objective is to find a stock allocation policy among the customers and an inventory replenishment policy so as to achieve target customer service levels with minimum possible inventory holding cost. An easy-to-calculate myopic heuristic allocation-order policy is developed and its performance is tested through simulation. The third chapter finds an optimal inventory policy for a classical single-stage, singleproduct, unit demand, continuous review inventory problem where the interdemand times are independent identically distributed random variables with increasing failure rate. Unmet demand is fully backlogged and orders arrive after a lead time. The costs of backlogging and inventory carrying are linear. The objective is to minimize the long run average cost. If there is no fixed cost for placing an order, it is proven that a Delayed- (s-l,s) policy is optimal. In case of a fixed order cost, a Delayed-(s,S) policy is proven to be optimal. In chapter four, the same problem as in chapter three is studied for a Poisson demand in the case of lost sales. No fixed cost for placing an order is assumed. For this problem, an optimal policy is unknown and it is commonly believed that an (s-l,s) policy is sufficiently good. A new heuristic policy is suggested as an alternative, which uses more information, but is myopic in nature and its performance is compared with that of (s-l,s).
Low renal toxicity of lipoplatin compared to cisplatin in animals. (2004)

Cisplatin is one of the most widely used and effective chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of several human malignancies. Although the effectiveness of cisplatin is high, its toxicities justify the demand for improved formulations of this drug. A liposomal formulation of cisplatin, Lipoplatin, was developed in order to reduce the systemic toxicity of cisplatin. Mice and rats injected with cisplatin developed renal insufficiency with clear evidence of tubular damage, but those injected with the same dose of Lipoplatin were almost completely free of kidney injury. The maximum levels of total platinum in rat kidneys after intraperitoneal bolus injection of cisplatin or Lipoplatin at similar doses were similar, but the steady state accumulation of total platinum in the kidney was 5 times higher for cisplatin compared to Lipoplatin. This is proposed as one mechanism to explain the low renal toxicity of Lipoplatin.
Delayed maturation of CD4- CD8- Fc gamma RII/III+ T and natural killer cell precursors in Fc epsilon RI gamma transgenic mice. (1996)

Fc epsilon RI gamma (gamma) is a member of a group of related proteins (the zeta-family dimers) that function as signal-transducing components of both Fc receptors and the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). Analysis of gamma expression during fetal thymus ontogeny revealed that it is expressed in early thymocytes, before the initiation of clonotypic TCR-alpha and TCR-beta gene rearrangement but is down-regulated in most adult thymocytes. To explore a possible role for gamma in thymocyte development, we generated transgenic mice in which this protein was overexpressed at all stages of ontogeny. Overexpression of gamma inhibited the maturation of T cells as well as natural killer (NK) cells. The developmental effects were transgene dose related and correlated with markedly delayed maturation of fetal CD4-CD8- FcRII/III+ thymocytes, cells thought to include the progenitors of both T and NK cells. These results suggest that the zeta and gamma chains serve distinctive functions in thymocyte development and indicate that Fc receptor(s) may play an important role in regulating the differentiation of early progenitor cells within the thymus.
Transmembrane Organization of Mouse P-glycoprotein Determined by Epitope Insertion and Immunofluorescence (1996)

P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an integral membrane protein that causes multidrug resistance when overexpressed in tumor cells. Efforts to identify the position and polarity of its 12 putative transmembrane (TM) domains have so far failed to yield a consistent topological model. Recently, we have described a method for topology mapping based on the insertion of a small antigenic peptide epitope (YPYDVPDYA) in predicted intra- or extracellular loops of the protein. The tagged proteins are then functionally expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and the polarity of the inserted tag with respect to plasma membrane is deduced by immunofluorescence in intact or permeabilized cells. We previously localized segments between TM1 and TM2, and TM5 and TM6 as extracellular and segments between TM2 and TM3 and downstream of TM6 as intracellular (Kast, C., Canfield, V., Levenson, R., and Gros, P. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 4402-4411). We have now inserted single epitope tags at positions 207, 235, 276, 741, 782, 797, 815, 849, 887, 961, and 1024; double epitope tags at positions 736, 849, and 961; and a triple epitope tag at position 849. Insertions of epitopes at positions 235, 736, 741, 849, 887, 961, and 1024 resulted in functional proteins, whereas insertions at positions 207, 276, 782, 797, and 815 abrogated the capacity of P-gp to confer multidrug resistance. The epitope tags inserted at positions 736, 849, and 961 were localized extracellularly, whereas tags at positions 235, 887, and 1024 mapped intracellularly. These results indicate that the intervening segments separated by TM4-TM5, TM10-TM11, and downstream of TM12 are cytoplasmic; segments delineated by TM7-TM8, TM9-TM10, and TM11-TM12 are extracellular. Our combined analysis of the amino- and carboxyl-terminal halves of P-gp supports a 12-TM domain topology with intracellular amino and carboxyl termini and ATP binding sites and an extracellular glycosylated loop (TM1-TM2) in agreement with hydropathy prediction. These results are clearly distinct from those obtained by the analysis of truncated P-gps in vitro and in heterologous expression systems.
Expression of the <i>mdr</i>1 P-glycoprotein gene: a mechanism of escape from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (1994)

Glucocorticoid hormones cause apoptosis in the murine T-lymphoma cell line WEHI-7. Glucocorticoid receptors in these cells are cytoplasmic proteins that translocate to the nucleus upon binding hormone. Thus, regulation of cytoplasmic glucocorticoid concentrations controls the level of activated receptors and sensitivity to steroid-induced apoptosis. We found that expression of the mdr1 P-glycoprotein gene produces a reduced accumulation of dexamethasone in WEHI-7 cells. Concomitantly, there is a suppression of dexamethasone-induced changes in transcription and a decrease in steroid sensitivity. P-glycoproteins are known to cause an outward, ATP-dependent transport of a variety of unrelated hydrophobic drugs across the plasma membrane. Our results indicate that glucocorticoid transport by P-glycoproteins depends upon the presence of an hydroxyl group at position 11 of corticosteroids and is enhanced by hydroxyl groups at the positions 16, 17, and 21. The antiprogestin RU486, which contains a dimethyl aminophenyl substitution at the position 11, is not transported by the mdr1 P-glycoprotein. We have found that RU486 is an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein function, indicating that steroid analogs could be useful chemosensitizers in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Reading with a macular scotoma. II. Retinal locus for scanning text. (1987)

To elucidate how patients with macular scotomas use residual functional retina for inspecting visual detail and reading, we tested three patients with dense macular scotomas using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that allows an examiner to view and record stimuli on the retina while the patient views them. Using standard psychophysical techniques, we determined the retinal position of scotomas, the retinal areas used for fixating and inspecting acuity targets, and the retinal area used for reading simple, three-letter, nonsense syllables. We found that each patient used a single, idiosyncratic retinal area, immediately adjacent to the scotoma, for fixating, inspecting acuity targets, and scanning simple, nonsense-syllable text. This preferred retinal locus (PRL) was at different retinal eccentricities (relative to the foveola) for each patient and was not always as close as possible to the foveola. There appears to be no simple rule by which patients "select" a particular PRL. Plots of text placement on the retina revealed considerable differences in patients' abilities to execute an orderly text scan. Two patients read text more rapidly with a novel retinal area than with their PRL, suggesting that the PRL may not be optimal for text reading.
Burn-Related Metabolic and Signaling Changes in Rat Brain (2008)

Postburn alterations in the morphology and metabolism of brain tissue have been previously reported. It was demonstrated in our previous study that thermal injury decreased glucose usage in rat brain during the ebb phase. The cellular and molecular signaling events that trigger the pathophysiologic alterations, however, have not yet been characterized. In the present report, the authors have examined the effect of burn injury on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activities and insulin signaling in the brain tissue. Rats were subjected to 50% total body surface area full thickness scald injury. Brain samples were collected at 6 hours after injury. Tissue lysates were analyzed for MAPKs activities, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 expression, and Akt activity which were determined by western blot and immunoprecipitation. Burn injury stimulated the stress-responsive components, SAPK/JNK, p38 MAP kinase and p44/42 MAP kinase, and increased IRS-1 expression and Akt activity. There was no change, however, on the phosphorylation of Ser307 of IRS-1 in brain tissue. The present data is consistent with the hypothesis that activation of the three major MAPKs pathways appears to be events involved in the mechanisms of burn injury induced insulin resistance and encephalopathy. Changes in signal transduction pathways in the brain after burn injury provide the underlying molecular mechanism of neurologic abnormalities (burn encephalopathy) that occur in burn patients.
Yolk granules are the major compartment for bullfrog (<i>Rana catesbeiana</i>) oocyte‐specific ribonuclease (1994)

Rana catesbeiana ribonuclease (RC-RNase) is a pyrimidine guanine sequence-specific ribonuclease found only in R. catesbeiana (bullfrog) oocytes, not in other organs. An immunohistochemical assay showed that RC-RNase was present in the regular yolk granules, but not in forming yolk granules, yolk platelets, pigment granules, mitochondria clouds or the nucleus. The RC-RNase was restricted to the lateral amorphous area of the yolk granules, and was absent from the central area that has a vitellogenin crystal lattice. The RC-RNase was extracted from yolk granules by 0.5 M NaCl and purified by dialysis and affinity chromatography. Most of the RC-RNase (94%) was found in the yolk granules, the rest RC-RNase (6%) was found in the cytosol in the form of free RNase and latent RNase. The RC-RNase extracted from yolk granules was further analyzed by immunoprecipitation and RNase activity assay on an SDS/polyacrylamide gel. Our results suggest that the RC-RNase activity is regulated by both compartmentation and inhibitor binding.
Primary structure of the DNA terminal protein of bacteriophage PRD1 (1987)

The genome of a lipid-containing phage, PRD1, is replicated by a protein-priming mechanism. We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the PRD1 gene 8 which specifies the terminal protein, the protein primer for DNA synthesis. The coding region is 780 base pairs long and encodes for 259 amino acids (29,326 daltons). The predicted amino acid sequence of the PRD1 terminal protein reveals no substantial homology with that of any known terminal protein. However, hydropathy profiles of the PRD1, phi 29, and Nf terminal proteins are remarkably similar, suggesting a common evolutionary origin. A particular tyrosine residue is predicted to be covalently linked to the 5' end of the PRD1 DNA. The initiation codon ATG of gene 8 is preceded by the identifiable ribosome binding site, and putative promoter sequences. There are unique palindromic sequences between the ribosome binding site and "-10" region.
Do handheld devices facilitate face‐to‐face collaboration? Handheld devices with large shared display groupware to facilitate group interactions (2007)

Abstract One‐to‐one computing environments change and improve classroom dynamics as individual students can bring handheld devices fitted with wireless communication capabilities into the classrooms. However, the screens of handheld devices, being designed for individual‐user mobile application, limit promotion of interaction among groups of learners. This study proposes a design of classrooms that incorporates personal workspace and public workspace. Students use handheld devices as private workspace and work with peers on public workspace with shared displays through their handheld devices. Experiments confirmed that students with only handheld devices did not demonstrate expected participation ratios and actively interact with group members. The proposed shared display groupware promoted shared understanding of the workspace and increased awareness of partner actions. Collaboration was enhanced by creating the opportunity for students to use handheld devices to perform ideal communication patterns and avoiding ineffective communication patterns.
Delay spread measurements for the digital cellular channel in Toronto (2003)

This paper describes a set of measurements performed in five existing cells in the Toronto area, in order to assess the impact of multipath propagation on the performance of the CTIA IS-54 digital standard. A sweeping correlator apparatus with a 0.1 mu s resolution and 910 MHz carrier frequency was used. Generally, the measurements exhibit multipath propagation with considerably smaller excess delays than some reported recently but are consistent with earlier results obtained in the U.S. and Europe. In view of the results, it appears that the long delay (high selectivity) problem has been somewhat over-emphasized in the past, at least for areas like Toronto. Problems associated with short delays (flat fading), on the contrary, appear to have been underestimated, although these would be typical in any dense urban environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Materials and processes for high signal propagation performance and reliable 32 nm node BEOL (2007)

Integrated circuits are more and more impacted by interconnect performance. As size reaches nanometric dimensions, changes in materials aim at performing a reliable and compliant technology with a maximum capability to reduce delay time and power consumption. At the 32 nm node, k value reduction of existing porous SiOCH and optimization of metallization with thin barrier, conformal seed and plating should mitigate RC and offer an improvement compared to current materials of the 45 nm node.
Moxalactam concentrations in human prostatic tissue (1983)

The concentrations of moxalactam in human prostatic tissue, obtained by enucleation or transurethral resection, were measured in 10 patients after the intramuscular administration of two 500-mg doses. The average concentrations of moxalactam in prostatic tissue in the enucleated and transurethral resection specimens were 4.0 micrograms/g and 5.2 micrograms/ml, and the ratios of the moxalactam concentrations in prostate to those in plasma were 0.24 and 0.31, respectively. The concentrations of moxalactam achieved in prostatic tissue after the administration of relatively low doses were greater than the minimum inhibitory concentrations of moxalactam for most common gram-negative pathogens. Concentrations of moxalactam in carefully obtained transurethral resection specimens were similar to those found in the enucleated specimens.