gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physics of active jamming during collective cellular motion in a monolayer (2015)

Although collective cell motion plays an important role, for example during wound healing, embryogenesis, or cancer progression, the fundamental rules governing this motion are still not well understood, in particular at high cell density. We study here the motion of human bronchial epithelial cells within a monolayer, over long times. We observe that, as the monolayer ages, the cells slow down monotonously, while the velocity correlation length first increases as the cells slow down but eventually decreases at the slowest motions. By comparing experiments, analytic model, and detailed particle-based simulations, we shed light on this biological amorphous solidification process, demonstrating that the observed dynamics can be explained as a consequence of the combined maturation and strengthening of cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesions. Surprisingly, the increase of cell surface density due to proliferation is only secondary in this process. This analysis is confirmed with two other cell types. The very general relations between the mean cell velocity and velocity correlation lengths, which apply for aggregates of self-propelled particles, as well as motile cells, can possibly be used to discriminate between various parameter changes in vivo, from noninvasive microscopy data.
Spectral imagery super resolution by using of a high resolution panchromatic image (2010)

Aiming at the problem of remote sensing image resolution enhancement, a panchromatic image based spectral imagery super resolution algorithm is proposed in this paper. A simple gray scale mapping method is first presented to better use high frequency details distilled from a high resolution reference panchromatic image, then a Maximum a Posterior(MAP) based iterative optimization process is introduced to realize super resolution while keeping spectral characters. Evaluated by both simulated and really acquired images, the proposed method effectively improved the resolution of spectral imagery. PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) of the reconstructed images has improved 1∼5dB compared with the traditional bilinear interpolation and IHS(Intensity Hue Saturation) based method. Subjective quality of the enhanced images has obviously exceeded the other twos as well.
Design and Performance of the DSS (2003)

Emerge Digital Sensor System (DSS) is a fully integrated fully digital ruggedized system for airborne image acquisition and georeferencing. The DSS consists of a 4K x 4K digital camera, POS/AV direct georeferencing system, and a flight management system. The DSS digital camera component uses a CCD chip with a 9 µm pixel size which allows digital image acquisition with a Ground Sample Distance that ranges from 0.15 m to 1.0 m using its 35 mm and 55 mm lenses. The DSS is used primarily to generate high-resolution color and color infrared digital orthophotos and orthomosaics. The DSS data interfaces directly and seamlessly with commercial off-the-shelf photogrammetric software to allow for fast map production. Orthophotos are created using the DSS-derived directly georeferenced digital images and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The orthophotos and/or orthomosaics can then be used for many different mapping, GIS and remote sensing applications. Examples of these are updating and maintaining cadastral GIS databases, classifying and mapping pervious and impervious surface areas, identifying wetland areas, updating land use maps, estimating crop yields and health, preparing timber stand inventories, planning for new construction sites, verifying areas for licensing and permitting. Many of these applications involve small localized areas, corridors, or irregular spot shots, which make the medium format DSS the suitable tool to complete the job. In this paper, an overview of the system design, calibration, and performance is presented in some detail.
Methods of Assigning Accurate Values to Reference Serum. Part 1. The Use of Reference Laboratories and Consensus Values, with an Evaluation of a Procedure for Transferring Values from One Reference Serum to Another (1985)

A method is described for transferring the accuracy of values obtained by reference laboratories from one serum, which is used as a calibration standard, to another, which is treated as the unknown test sample. Six batches of lyophilised horse serum, of closely similar composition, were analysed by 10 European reference laboratories during 1978-1982, and used to obtain transfer values for one masterlot of a similar serum. No evidence was found that the transfer process introduced any inaccuracy. A comparison has been made, for bilirubin, creatinine, iron, phosphate, total protein and urea, between transferred values, the results obtained by direct analysis of the masterlot by reference laboratories, and consensus values found in two independent external quality assessment schemes. The transfer technique enables an evaluation to be made of these different procedures for assigning values to reference serum, and may reveal methodological differences, such as those described for iron and creatinine.
Pharmacogenomics in schizophrenia: the quest for individualized therapy (2002)

There is strong evidence to suggest that genetic variation plays an important role in inter-individual differences in medication response and toxicity. The rapidly evolving disciplines of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics seek to uncover this genetic variation in order to predict treatment outcomes. The goal is to be able to select the drugs with the greatest likelihood of benefit and the least likelihood of harm in individual patients, based on their genetic make-up-individualized therapy. Pharmacogenomic studies utilize genomic technologies to identify chromosomal areas of interest and novel putative drug targets, while pharmacogenetic strategies rely on studying sequence variations in candidate genes suspected of affecting drug response or toxicity. The candidate gene variants that affect function of the gene or its protein product have the highest priority for investigation. This review will provide demonstrative examples of functional candidate gene variants studied in a variety of antipsychotic response phenotypes in the treatment of schizophrenia. Serotonin and dopamine receptor gene variants in clozapine response will be examined, and in the process the need for sub-phenotypes will be pointed out. Our recent pharmacogenetic studies of the subphenotype of neurocognitive functioning following clozapine treatment and the dopamine D(1) receptor gene (DRD1) will be presented, highlighting our novel neuroimaging data via [(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) metabolism position emission tomography (PET) that demonstrates hypofunctioning of several brain regions in patients with specific dopamine D(1) genotype. Preliminary candidate gene studies investigating the side-effect of clozapine-induced weight gain are also presented. The antipsychotic adverse reaction of tardive dyskinesia and its association with the dopamine D(3) receptor will be critically examined, as well as the added influence of antipsychotic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 1A2 gene (CYP1A2 ). Results that delineate the putative gene-gene interaction between DRD3 and CYP1A2 are also presented. We have also utilized FDG-PET subphenotyping to demonstrate increased brain region activity in patients who have the dopamine D(3) genotype that confers increased risk for antipsychotic induced tardive dyskinesia. The merits and weaknesses of neuroimaging technologies as applied to pharmacogenetic analyses are discussed. To the extent that the above data become more widely verified and replicated, the field of psychiatry will move closer to clinically meaningful tests that will be useful in deciding the best drug for each individual patient.
Supercritical water co-liquefaction of LLDPE and PP into oil: properties and synergy (2021)

The supercritical water liquefaction of PE/PP mixtures yields around 86.84–90.70% oil without catalyst or H<sub>2</sub>.
Instant stem cell therapy: Characterization and concentration of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro (2008)

In regenerative medicine, there is an approach to avoid expansion of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) before implantation. The aim of this study was to compare methods for instant MSC therapy by use of a portable, automatic and closed system centrifuge that allows for the concentration of MSCs. The main outcome measures were the amount of MSCs per millilitre of bone marrow (BM), clusters of differentiation (CD), proliferation and differentiation capacities of the MSC. A volume reduction protocol was compared to the traditional laboratory methods of isolation using a Ficoll gradient and native BM. Fifty millilitres of BM were obtained from haematologically healthy male Caucasians (n=10, age 8 to 49 years). The number of colony forming units-fibroblast (CFU-F)/ml BM was highest in the centrifuge volume reduction protocol, followed by the native BM (not significant), the centrifuge Ficoll (p=0.042) and the manual Ficoll procedure (p=0.001). The MSC of all groups could differentiate into the mesenchymal lineages without significant differences between the groups. The CD pattern was identical for all groups: CD13+; CD 44+; CD73 +; CD90+; CD105+; HLA-A,B,C+; CD14-; CD34-; CD45-; CD271-; HLA-DR-. In a further clinical pilot study (n=5) with 297 ml BM (SD 18.6), the volume reduction protocol concentrated the MSC by a factor of 14: there were 1.08 x 10(2) MSC/ml BM (standard deviation (SD) 1.02 x 10(2)) before concentration, 14.8 x 10(2) MSC/ ml BM (SD 12.4 x 10(2)) after concentration, and on average 296 x 10(2) MSC (SD 248.9 x 10(2), range 86.4-691.5 x 10(2)) were available for MSC therapy. The volume reduction protocol of the closed centrifuge allows for the highest concentration of the MSC, and therefore, is a promising candidate for instant stem cell therapy.
Renovating legacy distributed systems using virtual appliance with dependency graph (2010)

Legacy distributed systems hosted on old infrastructures can be renovated using virtual appliance that is a package of virtual machines, installed applications and their configurations. By converting a legacy distributed system to a virtual appliance, we can conserve the entire system and restart the application on the specific virtualization platforms. However, in order to execute the application service properly on the new hosting environment, some additional network configurations are required to resolve the dependencies inherited in the original system. In this paper, we propose a framework named DS Renovator that converts a legacy distributed system to a virtual appliance and renovates the system on a new hosting environment with optimum deployment for resolving the dependencies. In the virtual appliance generation process, DS Renovator analyzes server dependencies inherent in the legacy distributed system and generates a dependency graph that consists of nodes and edges representing servers and their dependencies respectively. In the virtual appliance deployment process, DS Renovator applies graph partitioning algorithm to the dependency graph to determine the optimum virtual machine placement which minimizes the dependencies between the hosting servers under the capacity limitations. As a graph partitioning algorithm, we propose an edge-contraction based efficient algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated with case studies in comparison to other approximation algorithms.
A review of laboratory techniques and their use in the diagnosis of <i>Leptospira interrogans</i> serovar <i>hardjo</i> infection in cattle (1994)

This paper reviews the laboratory diagnosis of Leptospira hardjo infection in cattle. Two genotypes of L hardjo, Hardjoprajitno and Hardjobovis, have been identified in cattle, but only Hardjobovis has been isolated in Australia. There are problems with diagnosis and control of bovine leptospirosis. Infection is usually subclinical and the serological titres vary greatly in peak and duration. Leptospires may be excreted in urine for up to 18 months. Low microscopic agglutination test titres may be significant in unvaccinated herds as indicators of endemic infection. Vaccines differ in their composition, and their efficacy is difficult to evaluate. The serological response after vaccination is difficult to differentiate from the response after infection. Pregnant cows that become infected may abort, but this is usually after the serological response has peaked. Therefore, paired serum samples are of little use in diagnosing abortion caused by L hardjo. Fluorescent antibody techniques are more sensitive than dark field microscopy for detection of leptospires in urine and tissue samples. Techniques for culture have improved but are still difficult to perform and take 3 months or longer for results to be known. DNA probes and polymerase chain reaction tests are very sensitive and specific, quick to perform, and can be used on fluid and tissue samples.
Extracellular ATP shows synergistic enhancement of DNA synthesis when combined with agents that are active in wound healing or as neurotransmitters (1990)

The polypeptides PDGF, TGF alpha, and EGF have previously been shown by others to stimulate proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes in the process of wound healing. Here we demonstrate that extracellular ATP, ADP or AMPPNP caused synergistic enhancement of DNA synthesis in 3T6 mouse fibroblasts and BALB/MK keratinocytes when combined with any of the above polypeptides. TGF beta showed synergistic stimulation with ATP in fibroblasts but it inhibited keratinocytes. ATP acted as a mitogen for NIE-115 neuroblastoma cultures. In 3T6 cells, ATP stimulated thymidine incorporation in combination with carbachol or norepinephrine. The effect of carbachol was sensitive to atropine. We suggest that extracellular ATP and ADP may play a physiological role in wound healing and as a mitogenic neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
Removal of allergens from natural oils by selective binding to polymer supports. II. Application of aminated resins to isoalantolactone and costus oil (1981)

A number of crosslinked polymers containing primary or secondary amine functional groups were prepared by chemical modification of styrene–divinylbenzene or styrene–acrylonitrile–divinylbenzene resins. The polymers were tested in the binding of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone allergens via Michael addition of their nucleophilic ends with the conjugated system of the lactones. Best results were obtained using 1% crosslinked poly(aminoethylstyrene) in ethanol; polymers with higher crosslinking or other functional groups were somewhat less reactive. This technique for the removal of α,β-unsaturated lactones from solution was applied successfully to the selective removal of the allergenic components of costus oil, a natural oil of plant origin used in the cosmetics industry. After purification of the costus extracts, the allergens which were retained by the polymer could be cleaved by permethylation followed by base treatment, and characterized. The polymer-treated natural oil had lost its allergenic properties while the polymer-retained materials were found to be powerful allergens.
Quinolone resistance-determining region in the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Escherichia coli (1990)

Nucleotide sequence analysis of the gyrA genes of 10 spontaneous quinolone-resistant gyrA mutants of Escherichia coli KL16, including four mutants examined previously, disclosed that quinolone resistance was caused by a point mutation within the region between amino acids 67 and 106, especially in the vicinity of amino acid 83, of the GyrA protein.
Social Role Discovery in Human Events (2013)

We deal with the problem of recognizing social roles played by people in an event. Social roles are governed by human interactions, and form a fundamental component of human event description. We focus on a weakly supervised setting, where we are provided different videos belonging to an event class, without training role labels. Since social roles are described by the interaction between people in an event, we propose a Conditional Random Field to model the inter-role interactions, along with person specific social descriptors. We develop tractable variational inference to simultaneously infer model weights, as well as role assignment to all people in the videos. We also present a novel YouTube social roles dataset with ground truth role annotations, and introduce annotations on a subset of videos from the TRECVID-MED11 [1] event kits for evaluation purposes. The performance of the model is compared against different baseline methods on these datasets.
A MULTIPLEX GRATING SPECTROMETER (1967)

A near infra-red grating spectrometer for telescope use, has been converted to a multiplex instrument by the addition of an encoding disc in the plane of the spectrum. The disc allows 16 channels to be modulated at different frequencies and subsequently separated in a computer. The advantages and disadvantages of this instrument relative to a two-beam interferometer are discussed.
On curve matching (1990)

Two algorithms to find the longest common subcurve of two 2D curves are presented. These algorithms are based on conversion of the curves into shape signature strings and application of string matching techniques to find long matching substrings, followed by direct curve matching of the corresponding candidate subcurves to find the longest matching subcurve. The first algorithm is of complexity O(n), where n is the number of sample points on the curves. The second one, while being theoretically somewhat less efficient, proved to be robust and efficient in practical applications. Both algorithms solve the problem of general curves without being dependent on some set of special points on the curves. The algorithms have industrial applications to problems of object assembly and object recognition. Experimental results are included. The algorithms can be easily extended to the 3D case.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A complex genetic rearrangement in a t(10;14)(q24;q11) associated with T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1992)

Abstract The t(10;14)(q24;q11) is observed in the leukemia cells of 5–10% of cases of T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL). Recently, molecular analyses of a number of these translocations revealed simple reciprocal translocations between the T‐cell receptor delta chain gene ( TCRD ) and a region of 10q24. We have characterized, at the molecular level, a t(10;14)(q24;q11) in a patient with T‐ALL. The translocation in this case, in contrast to the previous cases, is part of a complex genetic rearrangement. In addition to a reciprocal translocation between the Dδ3 gene segment of TCRD and a region of 10q24, a local inversion occurred within TCRD , involving the Dδ2 and Vδ2 gene segments. As a consequence, the entire joining and constant regions and most of the diversity regions of TCRD are located on the derivative 14 chromosome, whereas the joining and constant regions of TCRA are positioned on the derivative 10 chromosome. The chromosome 10 breakpoint in our patient, as in other t(10;14), clusters within a 9 kb breakpoint region. The occurrence of seven breakpoints within a localized region of chromosome 10 implies the existence of a nearby gene whose activation may have conferred a selective advantage on the leukemia cells. Moreover, as in the previous cases, the translocation in the present study exhibits recombination signal sequences or signal‐like sequences adjacent to the breakpoint junction. The presence of such motifs suggests the involvement of the recombinase enzyme system in the generation of this genetic alteration.
Parenteral Hydration in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trial (2012)

Hydration at 1 L per day did not improve symptoms, quality of life, or survival compared with placebo.
Increasing Type 1 Poliovirus Capsid Stability by Thermal Selection (2016)

Poliomyelitis is a highly infectious disease caused by PV and is on the verge of eradication. There are biosafety concerns about reintroduction of the disease from current vaccines that require live virus for production. Recombinantly expressed virus-like particles (VLPs) could address these inherent problems. However, the genome-free capsids (ECs) of wt PV are unstable and readily change antigenicity to a form not suitable as a vaccine. Here, we demonstrate that the ECs of type 1 PV can be stabilized by selecting heat-resistant viruses. Our data show that some capsid mutations stabilize the ECs and could be applied as candidates to synthesize stable VLPs as future genome-free poliovirus vaccines.
Purification and properties of toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile (1986)

Toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile were purified to homogeneity and some of their properties were examined. The toxins have similar LD100 values in mice, share some similarities in their amino acid composition, and are both sensitive to oxidizing agents. However, they have different isoelectric points and do not show any significant peptide homology.
Fast image denoising based on modify CNN and noise estimation (2017)

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied in many areas successfully because of their ability to learn, ease of implementation and fast real-time operation. In this research, there are proposed two algorithms. The first is cellular neural network (CNN) with noise level estimation. While the second is modify cellular neural network with noise level estimation. The proposed CNN modification is by adding the Rossler chaos to the CNN fed. Noise level algorithm were used to image noise removal approach in order to get a good image denoising processing with high quality image visual and statistical measures. The results of the proposed system show that the combination of chaos CNN with noise level estimation gives acceptable PSNR and RMSE with a best quality visual vision and small computational time.
Real-time face pose estimation from single range images (2008)

We present a real-time algorithm to estimate the 3D pose of a previously unseen face from a single range image. Based on a novel shape signature to identify noses in range images, we generate candidates for their positions, and then generate and evaluate many pose hypotheses in parallel using modern graphics processing units (GPUs). We developed a novel error function that compares the input range image to precomputed pose images of an average face model. The algorithm is robust to large pose variations of plusmn90deg yaw, plusmn45deg pitch and plusmn30deg roll rotation, facial expression, partial occlusion, and works for multiple faces in the field of view. It correctly estimates 97.8% of the poses within yaw and pitch error of 15deg at 55.8 fps. To evaluate the algorithm, we built a database of range images with large pose variations and developed a method for automatic ground truth annotation.