gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Restriction by Human–Rhesus Chimeric Tripartite Motif 5 <i>α</i> (TRIM 5 <i>α</i> ) in CD34 <sup>+</sup> Cell-Derived Macrophages <i>In Vitro</i> and in T Cells <i>In Vivo</i> in Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID-hu) Mice Transplanted with Human Fetal Tissue (2008)

Species-specific innate resistance against viral infections offers novel avenues for antiviral therapeutics. The retroviral restriction factor TRIM5alpha (tripartite motif 5alpha protein) has been shown to potently restrict human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection in otherwise susceptible cell lines and CD34(+) cell-derived macrophages. A 13-amino acid patch in the C-terminal B30.2 (SPRY) domain of rhesus macaque TRIM5alpha has been shown to be involved in HIV-1 capsid recognition and is critical for viral inhibition. A chimeric human-rhesus TRIM5alpha (TRIM5alpha-HRH) was generated by replacing an 11-amino acid patch in the human isoform with the rhesus 13-amino acid patch. Here we show that lentiviral vector expression of this human-rhesus chimera in HIV-1-permissive MAGI-CXCR4 cells conferred resistance as well as a selective survival advantage on HIV-1 challenge. To apply these findings in a stem cell gene therapy setting, TRIM5alpha-HRH was expressed in CD34(+) cell-derived macrophages in vitro and in SCID-hu mouse-derived thymocytes in vivo. On viral challenge, transgenic macrophages and thymocytes were highly resistant to HIV-1 compared with control cells. Normal development of TRIM5alpha-HRH-expressing macrophages and in vivo-derived T cells was also observed by phenotypic flow cytometric analysis. These results demonstrate the efficacy of TRIM5alpha-HRH in a stem cell setting and its further advancement for use in gene therapy applications.
Relationship between reduction potentials and mixing constants of mixed-ligand complexes (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRelationship between reduction potentials and mixing constants of mixed-ligand complexesDonald P. PoeCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 7, 1280–1283Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00280a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00280a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views69Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Personal and Miscellaneous (1944)

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Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization: Dependence of the ion yield on the laser beam incidence angle (1994)

Abstract Some basic properties of matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) have been investigated by varying the angle between the pulsed UV‐laser beam and the target surface, thus determining its influence on the MALDI process. The minimum deposited laser energy needed for protein ion production (the threshold energy) and the protein‐yield dependence on the laser energy have been determined for incidence angles between 35° and 60° with respect to the target surface normal. The measurements demonstrate that neither the threshold energy nor the dependence of the protein yield on the laser energy vary with the incidence angle within the range studied. Hence the corresponding parameters that involve the area of irradiation, namely the threshold laser fluence as well as the ion‐yield dependence on fluence have a cosine dependence on the incidence angle. Furthermore, the threshold energy at constant incidence angle scales with the mass of the analyte molecule for proteins in the range from 5700 to 66 000 u.
Gene shuttling: moving of cloned DNA into and out of eukaryotic cells (1982)

Successful shuttling of cloned DNA in eukaryotic cells should allow isolation of expressed genes. We tested the utility of cosmids for moving DNA into and out of eukaryotic cells. The unique cleavage of DNA at the cos site by the terminase function of lambda was exploited to maintain the linkage between the vector and inserted gene sequences, a prerequisite for successful rescue of the transforming DNA from high molecular weight DNA of the eukaryotic transformant. A cosmid recombinant containing the HSV thymidine kinase gene and a lambda recombinant containing the chicken thymidine kinase gene were used to test the feasability of this method. It was found that these recombinants can be rescued with high efficiency from DNA of HAT-resistant cells.
Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events With Long-Term Pravastatin in Patients With Diabetes or Impaired Fasting Glucose (2003)

Cholesterol-lowering treatment with pravastatin therapy prevents cardiovascular events, including stroke, in patients with diabetes or IFG and established CHD.
Integration of distributed cortical systems by reentry: a computer simulation of interactive functionally segregated visual areas (1989)

A computer model based on visual cortex has been constructed to analyze how the operations of multiple, functionally segregated cortical areas can be coordinated and integrated to yield a unified perceptual response. We propose that cortical integration arises through the process of reentry--the ongoing, parallel, recursive signaling between separate maps along ordered anatomical connections. To test the efficacy of this reentrant cortical integration (RCI) model, we have carried out detailed computer simulations of 3 interconnected cortical areas in the striate and extrastriate cortex of the macaque. The simulated networks contained a total of over 222,000 units and 8.5 million connections. The 3 modeled areas, called VOR, VOC, and VMO, incorporate major anatomical and physiological properties of cortical areas V1, V3, and V5 but are vastly simplified compared with monkey visual cortex. Simulated area VOR contains both orientation and directionally selective units; simulated area VMO discriminates the direction of motion of arbitrarily oriented objects; and simulated area VOC responds to both luminance and occlusion boundaries in the stimulus. Area VOC is able to respond to illusory contours (Kanizsa, 1979) by means of the same neural architecture used for the discrimination of occlusion boundaries. This architecture also generates responses to structure-from-motion by virtue of reentrant connections from VMO to VOC. The responses of the simulated networks to these illusions are consistent with the perceptual responses of humans and other species presented with these stimuli. The networks also respond in a consistent manner to a novel illusion that combines illusory contours and structure-from-motion. The response synthesized to this combined illusion provides a strong argument supporting the need for a recursive reentrant process in the cortex. Functional integration of the simulated areas in the RCI model were found to depend upon the combined action of 3 reentrant processes: (1) conflicting responses among segregated areas are competitively eliminated, (2) outputs of each area are used by other areas in their own operations, and (3) outputs of an area are "reentered" back to itself (through lower areas) and can thus be used iteratively to synthesize responses to complex or illusory stimuli. Transection of the reentrant connections selectively abolished these integrative processes and led to failure of figural synthesis. The proposed model of reentry suggests a basis for understanding how multiple visual areas as well as other cortical areas may be integrated within a distributed system.
Transgenic expression of human leukocyte antigen‐E attenuates Gal<scp>KO</scp>.h<scp>CD</scp>46 porcine lung xenograft injury (2017)

We conclude human NK cell activation contributes significantly to GalTKO.hCD46 pig endothelial injury and lung inflammation and show that expression of HLA-E is associated with physiologically meaningful protection of GalTKO.hCD46 cells and organs exposed to human blood.
THE IMPORTANCE OF SERUM ALBUMIN AND METABOLIC INTERMEDIATES FOR CAPACITATION OF SPERMATOZOA AND FERTILIZATION OF MOUSE EGGS <i>IN VITRO</i> (1973)

Summary. The acrosome reaction of epididymal spermatozoa and fertilization in vitro of mouse eggs in chemically defined media without tissue fluid were investigated. About 8 to 10% of motile spermatozoa lost their acrosome but no eggs were penetrated when the spermatozoa and eggs were incubated in a basic medium (modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution containing glucose) for 5 to 7 hr. Addition of a single metabolic intermediate, such as sodium oxaloacetate or sodium pyruvate, to the basic medium increased the proportion of motile spermatozoa without an acrosome (19 to 34%) and the proportion of eggs penetrated (3·2 to 25·5%). Incubation of spermatozoa and eggs in the basic medium containing serum albumin of various species caused a further increase in the proportion of motile spermatozoa without an acrosome (50 to 65%) and in that of penetrated eggs (60·7 to 86%). The best medium for sperm capacitation and fertilization of mouse eggs in vitro, however, was the basic medium containing bovine serum albumin, sodium lactate and sodium pyruvate. The time required for sperm capacitation was 1 hr in this medium, and 2 hr in the medium containing only serum albumin. Certain components present in the oviducal fluid and in the cumulus egg clots, probably similar to serum albumin and sodium lactate or sodium pyruvate, appeared to be beneficial for the capacitation of spermatozoa and fertilization of eggs. It was concluded that serum albumin, sodium lactate and sodium pyruvate can be substituted for tissue fluid in the induction of capacitation of spermatozoa and fertilization of mouse eggs in vitro.
Standoff video analysis for the detection of security anomalies in vehicles (2010)

Video surveillance systems are commonly used by security personnel to monitor and record activity in buildings, public gatherings, busy roads, and parking lots. These systems allow many cameras to be observed by a small number of trained human operators but suffer from potential operator fatigue and lack of attention due to the large amount of information provided by cameras which can distract the operator from focusing on important events. In this paper, we propose the design of an autonomous video surveillance system which can operate from a standoff range that analyzes approaching vehicles in order to detect security anomalies. Such anomalies, based on dynamic analysis of the vehicle tracks, include unexpected slowing/stopping or sudden acceleration, particularly near check points or critical structures (e.g. government buildings). A human supervisor can be alerted whenever a significant event is detected and can then determine if the vehicle should be further inspected. Besides dynamic analysis, the system also estimates physical information about the vehicles such as make, body type and tire size. We describe low-complexity techniques to obtain the above information from two cameras.
The search for a safer driver interface: a review of gesture recognition human machine interface (2005)

Gesture based HMI offers the possibility of substantial safety benefits, but there is conflicting evidence on user acceptance, most researchers concluding that users prefer gesture controls. An alternative system is being developed that an automotive gesture recognition system using electric field sensors can achieve the same safety benefits as vision-based systems, at lower cost, without the same technical difficulties.
Statistical Analysis of Ship Collisions with Bridges in China Waterway (2002)

Having carried out investigations on ship collision accidents with bridges in waterway in China, a database of ship collision with bridge (SCB) is developed in this paper. It includes detailed information about more than 200 accidents near ship's waterways in the last four decades, in which ships collided with the bridges. Based on the information a statistical analysis is presented tentatively. The increase in frequency of ship collision with bridges appears, and the accident quantity of the barge system is more than that of single ship. The main reason of all the factors for ship collision with bridge is the human errors, which takes up 70%. The quantity of the accidents happened during flooding period shows over 3～6 times compared with the period from March to June in a year. The probability follows the normal distribution according to statistical analysis. Visibility, span between piers also have an effect on the frequency of the accidents.
A field deployable, multiplexed Bragg grating sensor system used in an extensive highway bridge monitoring evaluation tests (2005)

A multiplexed optical fiber Bragg grating sensor system with a measurement bandwidth of up to 200 Hz enabling dynamic loading events, e.g., road traffic, to be observed has been designed, installed, and tested over an 18-month period on a 346-m road bridge in Norway, for design verification and structural integrity monitoring purposes. A network of 32 fiber Bragg sensors was surface bonded along with a corresponding set of resistive strain gauges for comparative tests to be made. The wavelength data were calibrated against two thermally stabilized (/spl sim/0.15 pm) reference gratings, which rejected common mode noise and provided absolute wavelength scaling. These data provides independent strain and temperature information. Long-term test results showed good linearity and repeatability of <10 /spl mu//spl epsiv/ over the test period with a precision of /spl plusmn/5 /spl mu//spl epsiv/ and a resolution of /spl plusmn/1 /spl mu//spl epsiv/. The readings from the FBG sensors were comparable to those from the foil gauge sensors to within /spl plusmn/4 /spl mu//spl epsiv/.
Bioactive Peptides in Animal Food Products (2017)

Proteins of animal origin represent physiologically active components in the human diet; they exert a direct action or constitute a substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis upon food processing and consumption. Bioactive peptides may descend from the hydrolysis by digestive enzymes, enzymes endogenous to raw food materials, and enzymes from microorganisms added during food processing. Milk proteins have different polymorphisms for each dairy species that influence the amount and the biochemical characteristics (e.g., amino acid chain, phosphorylation, and glycosylation) of the protein. Milk from other species alternative to cow has been exploited for their role in children with cow milk allergy and in some infant pathologies, such as epilepsy, by monitoring the immune status. Different mechanisms concur for bioactive peptides generation from meat and meat products, and their functionality and application as functional ingredients have proven effects on consumer health. Animal food proteins are currently the main source of a range of biologically-active peptides which have gained special interest because they may also influence numerous physiological responses in the organism. The addition of probiotics to animal food products represent a strategy for the increase of molecules with health and functional properties.
A high frequency of N-RAS oncogene mutations in multiple myeloma. (1992)

Mutation of the RAS oncogene was studied in ten patients with multiple myeloma, and the DNA from nude mouse tumors formed by cells obtained from tumorigenecity assays (in vivo selection assays) in these patients was analyzed by PCR and oligonucleotide hybridization. Mutations of the N-RAS oncogene were identified in two of three patients investigated by in vivo selection assay and in five of ten patients investigated by PCR analysis of DNA from myeloma cells. In the two former patients, mutation of the N-RAS oncogene was observed at the 61st codon. Of the five N-RAS mutant-positive patients investigated by the PCR analysis, one had a mutation at codon 12, two had mutations at codon 13, and two had mutations at codon 61. None of the patients had mutations of the K-RAS oncogene. These results suggest that the frequency of RAS gene mutation in multiple myeloma is higher than in other lymphoid malignancies such as acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and malignant lymphoma. As the mutation was observed only at the N-RAS oncogene level, it is speculated that N-RAS oncogene activation might play an important role in the progression of multiple myeloma.
Design and construction of a single unit multi-function optical encoder for a six-degree-of-freedom motion error measurement in an ultraprecision linear stage (2011)

This paper presents the method of a six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) posture measurement in a linear stage by employing a single unit of an optical encoder. The proposed optical encoder was constructed to simultaneously measure the posture along the traveling axis; angular errors, pitch, yaw and roll; and translational errors, ΔX, ΔY and ΔZ. It consists of a diffractive optical element, a corner cube, four separate two-dimensional position-sensitive detectors, four photodiodes and auxiliary optics components. The circularly polarizing interferometric technique was integrated to measure the displacement of the stage along the traveling axis in a robust manner and the resolution was estimated to be less than 0.4 nm. Two types of stages were employed for the measurement implementation, the piezoelectric transducer-driven and the ballscrew-driven, and they were feedback-controlled for the traveling axis, respectively. With a single travel of the stage, it provided a six-DOF motion error with a high resolution, less than 0.03 arcsec, 20 nm and 0.4 nm for angular errors, ΔY and ΔZ, and ΔX, respectively, at the same time. As a result, it was seen that motion errors of the stage have relevance to the driving mechanism and the whole construction of the stage.
Understanding of Lee, Je-ma's View of Form and Interpretation of Form of Face (1999)

Lee, Je-ma proposed ways like Chehyungkisang to judge each constitution, so, on the basis of this, we can judge constitution in various ways. Such a theory is based on behavior determinism's way of thinking of Lee, Je-ma. We can know this that form is not recognized as an object reflecting image, but a subjective concept from Tukyonyodun, Yimokbiku(ears, eyes, nose and mouth), Hameokjebok of Sungmyong Theory. Lee, Je-ma thought each part of human body has not only physical function but also complex temperative function. Putting this consideration and Jangbu Theory describing human body directly, together, it can be said that these all have an established theory on Chehyungkisang of constitution judgement. Thus, the following hypotheses are given. From Sadan Theory and Hwakchung Theory, strength of Jangbu of Sasangin is Pe>Bi>Shin>Kan in Taeyangin and Bi>Pe>Kan>Shin in Soyangin and Kan>Shin>Bi>Pe> in Taeumin and Shin>Kan>Pe>Bi in Soumin. The concept of Shinkihyuljung is related with creation of form and spirit of each Jangkuk and Aenoheerak(sorrow, anger, joy, pleasure). From this viewpoint, Sasangin can be classified into; Taeyangin into Shinkijunghyul type, Taeumin into Hyuljungkishin type, Soumin into Junghyuishinki type. Introduced a fixed way to explain of each constitution according to this strength relationship. I hope more lively discussions on Constitutional Medicine will be continued based on this attempt.
The potential of 1018 ISS adjuvant in hepatitis B vaccines (2013)

Hepatitis B (HBV) virus infects the liver, and upon chronic infection, can cause liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite universal vaccination programs against the virus, HBV still affects over 2 billion people worldwide, with over 240 million developing a chronic infection. While current alum-adjuvanted vaccines have shown efficacy in promoting seroprotection in healthy adults, 5-10% of immune-competent populations fail to achieve long-lasting seroprotection from these formulations. Furthermore, a large proportion of immunocompromised patients fail to achieve seroprotective antibody titers after receiving these vaccines. A novel vaccine candidate, HEPLISAV™, uses immunostimulatory sequences (ISS), in its formulation that helps induce a robust humoral and cell mediated immunity against HBV. In Phase III clinical trials, HEPLISAV™ has been shown to elicit seroprotective antibody titers with fewer immunizations. Similar safety profiles are demonstrated when compared with current HBV vaccines. For these reasons, HEPLISAV™ is an attractive vaccine to combat this global disease.
What Every Engineer Should Know about Software Engineering (2007)

Do youUse a computer to perform analysis or simulations in your daily work?Write short scripts or record macros to perform repetitive tasks?Need to integrate off-the-shelf software into your systems or require multiple applications to work together?Find yourself spending too much time working the kink
Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy (1996)

The ac impedance spectra of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) cathodes measured under various experimental conditions are analyzed. The measurements were carried out in the presence of large dc currents. The impedance spectrum of the air cathode is shown to contain two features: a higher frequency loop or arc determined by interfacial charge‐transfer resistance and catalyst layer properties and a lower frequency loop determined by gas‐phase transport limitations in the backing. The lower frequency loop is absent from the spectrum of cathodes operating on pure oxygen. Properties of measured impedance spectra are analyzed by a PEFC model to probe the effect of ac perturbation. Comparison of model predictions to observed data is made by simultaneous least squares fitting of a set of spectra measured for several cathode potentials. The spectra reveal various charge and mass‐transfer effects in the cathode catalyst layer and in the hydrophobic cathode backing. Three different types of losses caused by insufficient cell hydration, having to do with interfacial kinetics, catalyst layer proton conductivity, and membrane conductivity, are clearly resolved in these impedance spectra. The data reveal that the effective tortuous path length for gas diffusion in the cathode backing is about 2.6 times the backing thickness.