gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide Derived from Glycinin, the 11S Globulin of Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) (2006)

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), a dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, catalyzes the conversion of Angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor Angiotensin II and plays an important physiological role in regulating blood pressure. Inhibitors of angiotensin 1-converting enzyme derived from food proteins are utilized for pharmaceuticals and physiologically functional foods. ACE inhibitory properties of different enzymatic hydrolysates of glycinin, the major storage protein of soybean, have been demonstrated. The IC50 value for the different enzyme digests ranges from 4.5 to 35 microg of N2. The Protease P hydrolysate contained the most potent suite of ACE inhibitory peptides. The ACE inhibitory activity of the Protease P hydrolysate after fractionation by RP-HPLC and ion-pair chromatography was ascribed to a single peptide. The peptide was homogeneous as evidenced by MALDI-TOF and identified to be a pentapeptide. The sequence was Val-Leu-Ile-Val-Pro. This peptide was synthesized using solid-phase FMOC chemistry. The IC50 for ACE inhibition was 1.69 +/- 0.17 microM. The synthetic peptide was a potent competitive inhibitor of ACE with a Ki of 4.5 +/- 0.25 x 10(-6) M. This peptide was resistant to digestion by proteases of the gastrointestinal tract. The antihypertensive property of this peptide derived from glycinin might find importance in the development of therapeutic functional foods.
A high-voltage monolithic operational amplifier (1971)

An operational amplifier capable of operating with power supplies up to /spl plusmn/40 V is discussed. The device exhibits output voltage and input common mode swings to within a few volts of either power supply, has an input offset current of 1 nA, a slew rate of 2 V//spl mu/s, and is internally compensated. This paper describes special circuit and device techniques used to reliably fabricated this amplifier with essentially standard monolithic diffused technology.
Economic evaluation of a mature ATM network (1992)

The economic evaluation of a mature ATM network is presented. The authors discuss the issues involved and present two examples. Four customer categories are taken into account, namely residential, small business, medium business, and large business customers. The aim is to introduce a simple meaningful model, which incorporates the most important factors that influence the economic viability of an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network, and to present the limits and limitations of the area of economic evaluation. The revenue, cost, and net income (of the network operator) are calculated for two different scenarios, that is with and without residential customers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
STATUS OF THE TRASCO PROJECT (2001)

We present the status of TRASCO that is a joint INFN/ENEA program aiming at the design and the technological investigation of the main components of an accelerator driven system (ADS) for nuclear waste transmutation. After a short overview of the main components of the linac we focus on the description of the superconducting high energy sections. An analysis of the design criteria and a discussion of the chosen solution are presented. The actual status of the R&D program and prototyping of the main components are also presented.
An X‐Ray Diffraction Study of Manganese Dioxide (1947)

An x‐ray diffraction study has been made of the various types of manganese dioxide with particular emphasis on those prepared chemically. A review of the literature suggests that several types have received different names by different investigators. A diffraction pattern of ramsdellite, uncontaminated by the lines of pyrolusite, is reported. Three modifications of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="ML1" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>‐</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">MnO</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> are described and their relation to ramsdellite and pyrolusite is discussed. The manner in which lead is combined in a commercial manganese dioxide by‐product, and the part played by potassium in determining the course of various transformations, are also discussed.
FIES: A Fault Injection Framework for the Evaluation of Self-Tests for COTS-Based Safety-Critical Systems (2014)

Safety-critical systems have to satisfy ever-growing demands for high computing performance and cost-efficiency. This leads to a move to commercial off-the-shelf hardware components that are not hardened. Unfortunately, these components are becoming increasingly vulnerable to operational faults and the manufacturers do not guarantee a certain level of dependability. However, in order to maintain a high integrity, safety-critical systems have to ensure the correct functionality of hardware components during operation. Besides redundancy techniques, this is typically realized with build-in self-tests implemented at software level. Safety-standards, such as the IEC 61508 standard, prescribe certain fault models that should be used to assess the diagnostic coverage of self-tests with fault injection experiments. Typical fault injection frameworks use gate-level net lists or RTL models. However, these hardware models are not publicly available for most COTS processors. In this paper we present a Fault Injection framework for the Evaluation of software-based Self-tests (FIES) according to the safety standard IEC 61508. This virtual platform supports widely-used embedded COTS processors, such as ARM cores, and provides feedback about the diagnostic coverage of self-tests in early design stages. It supports the simulation of faults in the control and execution path of an ARM processor and features an extended fault model to simulate memory coupling faults. The applicability of the approach is shown by using it for the evaluation of a memory test.
A fast string-matching algorithm for network processor-based intrusion detection system (2004)

Network intrusion detection systems (NIDSs) are one of the latest developments in security. The matching of packet strings against collected signatures dominates signature-based NIDS performance. Network processors are also one of the fastest growing segments of the semiconductor market, because they are designed to provide scalable and flexible solutions that can accommodate change quickly and economically. This work presents a fast string-matching algorithm (called FNP) over the network processor platform that conducts matching sets of patterns in parallel. This design also supports numerous practical features such as case-sensitive string matching, signature prioritization, and multiple-content signatures. This efficient multiple-pattern matching algorithm utilizes the hardware facilities provided by typical network processors instead of employing the external lookup co-processors. To verify the efficiency and practicability of the proposed algorithm, it was implemented on the Vitesse IQ2000 network processor platform. The searching patterns used in the present experiments are derived from the well-known Snort ruleset cited by most open-source and commercial NIDSs. This work shows that combining our string-matching methodology, hashing engine supported by most network processors, and characteristics of current Snort signatures frequently improves performance and reduces number of memory accesses compared to conventional string-matching algorithms. Another contribution of this work is to highlight that, besides total number of searching patterns, shortest pattern length is also a major influence on NIDS multipattern matching algorithm performance.
The presence but not the sequence of the N‐terminal peptide in cardiac TnC is important for function (1994)

The most diverged region of the primary amino acid sequence between cardiac (cTnC) and fast skeletal troponin C is the N-terminal ten amino acids. We report here that major changes in the primary sequence of this region in cTnC had a minimal effect on the ability of the mutant proteins to recover maximal activity in TnC-extracted cardiac and fast skeletal muscle myofibrils. However, deletion of the N-terminal nine amino acids resulted in a 60% decrease in maximal Ca(2+)-dependent ATPase activity with only a small change in the pCa50 of activation. Deletion of the N-terminal peptide did not appear to appreciably affect the Ca(2+)-binding properties of cTnC, but it did alter the interaction with hydrophobic fluorescent probes. Thus, the presence but not the sequence, of the N-terminal extension is important for the maximal activity of cTnC. The N-terminal helix may function in a relatively non-specific manner to prevent unfavorable interactions between domains in cTnC or between cTnC and other troponin subunits.
Distribution of grip force in three different functional prehension patterns (2006)

Normative data of the grip force distribution necessary to complete functional tasks are limited. Small force sensors have been specially designed for accurate measurement of the dynamic handgrip force distribution by attaching them to the palmar surface of the hand. Seventeen healthy participants performed three different tasks, each requiring a different functional prehension pattern. When cylindrical objects were manipulated, the highest average grip forces were found at the fingertips and the thumb, followed by the middle finger. In a spherical grasp pattern, the contributions by the thumb, ring and small fingers always exceeded 71% of the total grip force. The highest local forces of 9.9 N were measured when a zip was closed with a tip pinch. Individual finger forces were found to differ by gender, but not by hand dimension and age. The results are useful for biomechanical modelling of the hand, for designing ergonomic tool grips, and for evaluating hand function.
Depression of cell metabolism and proliferation by membrane-permeable and -impermeable modulators: role for AMP-to-ATP ratio (2004)

The metabolic and developmental depression commonly observed during natural states of dormancy, such as diapause and quiescence, is typically accompanied by an increase in the intracellular ratio of AMP to ATP. We investigated the impact of artificially increasing the AMP-to-ATP ratio in mouse macrophages. Evidence is presented here that the P2X7 receptor channel can be used as an effective means to load cells with membrane-impermeable compounds. Intracellular loading of adenosine-5'-O-thiomonophosphate (AMPS), a nonhydrolyzable analog of 5'-AMP and potent activator of AMP-activated protein kinase, significantly depresses metabolism and proliferation of macrophages. The intracellular effective AMP-to-ATP ratio obtained (the sum of AMPS plus endogenous 5'-AMP) was 0.073, well above that reported to activate AMP-activated protein kinase in vitro. Optimizing both the conditions under which the P2X7 receptor channel is opened and the duration of opening facilitates high analog uptake and approximately 98% survivorship. An advantage to AMPS is its minimal impact on other components of the nucleotide pool, most notably the unchanged concentration of ADP. An alternative way to shift the effective AMP-to-ATP ratio is by incubation with the membrane-permeable compound 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR), which is phosphorylated intracellularly to form the 5'-AMP analog ZMP. Despite a rapid intracellular accumulation of AICAR, conversion to ZMP was slow and inefficient. Furthermore, AICAR incubation increased cellular ADP, and, although cell proliferation was depressed, the overall cellular energy flow was unchanged. The rapid action of AMPS avoids upregulation of compensatory metabolic pathways and may provide a viable approach for promoting cell stasis.
286. [V. 1. A. v. Note 254, p. 231] (1908)

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Optothermal skin-water concentration gradient measurement (1996)

Opto-Thermal Transient Emission Radiometry has been shown to be able to measure stratum corneum hydration in-vivo. We now present a study that shows how the technique can be extended to give information about the distribution of water within the stratum corneum. This depth profile measurement capability is based on a new theoretical expression for the opto- thermal signal that takes a gradient of water concentration explicitly into account. The technique is illustrated with measurements on untreated skin and skin treated with petroleum jelly and DMSO.
Decreased Fat Storage by Lactobacillus Paracasei Is Associated with Increased Levels of Angiopoietin-Like 4 Protein (ANGPTL4) (2010)

Our results provide an interesting mechanism whereby modifying ANGPTL4, a central player in fat storage regulation, through manipulating gut flora could be an important gateway upon which intervention trials of weight management can be based.
Control of laminar-instability waves using a new technique (1982)

A new technique using surface-film activators has been developed to induce and control laminar-instability waves by periodic heating. A flat plate was instrumented and installed in the GALCIT High-Speed Water Tunnel with flush-mounted surface heaters and probes. Extremely two-dimensional naturally occurring Tolmien-Schlichting (TS) waves were observed along with the subsequent formation of turbulent spots. Laminar-instability waves were then excited in a controlled fashion using the surface-mounted heaters. A preliminary experiment on cancellation of excited laminar-instability waves was carried out. Finally, turbulent spots were produced using amplitude-modulated bursts to form Gaussian TS wave packets. Flow visualization, along with wall shear measurements, was used to infer the velocity and vorticity field near the wall.
A speaker independent "liveness" test for audio-visual biometrics (2005)

In biometrics, it is crucial to detect impostors and thwart replay attacks. However, few researches have focused yet on the “liveness” verifi cation. This test ensures that biometric cues being acquired are actual measurements from a live person who is present at the time of capture. Here, we propose a speaker independent “liveness” verifi cation method for audiovideo identifi cation systems. It uses the correlation that exists between the lip movements and the speech produced. Two data analysis methods are considered to model this statistical link. Finally, according to tests carried out on the XM2VTS database, the best liveness verifi cation EER achieved is 14.5% .
Biomineralization of Uranium by PhoY Phosphatase Activity Aids Cell Survival in Caulobacter crescentus (2014)

Caulobacter crescentus is known to tolerate high levels of uranium [U(VI)], but its detoxification mechanism is poorly understood. Here we show that C. crescentus is able to facilitate U(VI) biomineralization through the formation of U-Pi precipitates via its native alkaline phosphatase activity. The U-Pi precipitates, deposited on the cell surface in the form of meta-autunite structures, have a lower U/Pi ratio than do chemically produced precipitates. The enzyme that is responsible for the phosphatase activity and thus the biomineralization process is identified as PhoY, a periplasmic alkaline phosphatase with broad substrate specificity. Furthermore, PhoY is shown to confer a survival advantage on C. crescentus toward U(VI) under both growth and nongrowth conditions. Results obtained in this study thus highlight U(VI) biomineralization as a resistance mechanism in microbes, which not only improves our understanding of bacterium-mineral interactions but also aids in defining potential ecological niches for metal-resistant bacteria.
Backplay: "Man muss immer umkehren" (2018)

Model-free reinforcement learning (RL) requires a large number of trials to learn a good policy, especially in environments with sparse rewards. We explore a method to improve the sample efficiency when we have access to demonstrations. Our approach, Backplay, uses a single demonstration to construct a curriculum for a given task. Rather than starting each training episode in the environment's fixed initial state, we start the agent near the end of the demonstration and move the starting point backwards during the course of training until we reach the initial state. Our contributions are that we analytically characterize the types of environments where Backplay can improve training speed, demonstrate the effectiveness of Backplay both in large grid worlds and a complex four player zero-sum game (Pommerman), and show that Backplay compares favorably to other competitive methods known to improve sample efficiency. This includes reward shaping, behavioral cloning, and reverse curriculum generation.
Design and performance of a new ophthalmic instrument for dynamic light-scattering measurements in the human eye (1996)

A new optical instrument for in vivo dynamic light-scattering measurements in the human eye is described. The instrument is based on the well-known dynamic light-scattering technique. Results can be obtained from the anterior as well as the posterior segment with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. This instrument allows, to our knowledge for the first time, in vivo measurements of dynamic light scattering to be performed in the vitreous. Interesting performance is obtained using single-mode optical fibers to guide the excitation and the scattered light resulting in a modular, compact system with high-beam quality and electrical insulation of the patient. The instrument demonstrates good safety characteristics (the optical power impinging the patient’s eye is 36 times below the maximum laser power at the cornea, recommended for intrapupil exposure by ANSI standard). To demonstrate the possible clinical use of this technique, in vivo measurements were made and the results compared with the known eye pathologies.
Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Camera/Memory Optimization For Expendable Autonomous Vehicles (1982)

An expendable, autonomous vehicle by definition and implication will require small, low-cost sensors for observation of the outside world, and interface to smart, decision-making avionics. This paper describes results of several interrelated charge-coupled device (COD) camera projects directed toward achieving such an integrated sensor package. A shuttered high-resolution CCD detector combined with a CCD analog frame store memory is described. This system results in a full television (TV) resolution, frame-rate-reduced, deinterlaced image. These image data are suitable for transform or differential pulse-code data compression as well as various other 3 x 3 element operators directed at extracting image intelligence for on-board decision making.
Experimental observation of photonic-crystal emission near a photonic band edge (2003)

A three-dimensional tungsten photonic crystal is realized with a photonic band edge at λ∼4 μm wavelength. Its thermal emission is suppressed in the band gap regime and, at the same time, exhibits sharp peaks near the band edge. It is further observed that energy conversion efficiency from one side of the sample reaches η∼40%. This finding is attributed to a complete metallic photonic band gap in the infrared (λ⩾6 μm) and the enhanced density of photon states near the band edge of our tungsten photonic crystal.
Avermectins: action on target pest species (1987)

Conference Article| February 01 1987 Avermectins: action on target pest species DENIS J. WRIGHT DENIS J. WRIGHT 1Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (1): 65–67. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150065 Article history Received: July 28 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DENIS J. WRIGHT; Avermectins: action on target pest species. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1987; 15 (1): 65–67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150065 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: AVM, avermectins, DHAVM, dihydroaver-mectin, GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Medikamentengebrauch als Gesundheitsindikator im mittleren und höheren Erwachsenenalter (2000)

ZusammenfassungEin wesentlicher Bestandteil vieler gerontologischer Studien ist die Beurteilung der Gesundheit von Probanden (Pbn) und die anschließende Untersuchung von Zusammenhängen zwischen diesem Gesundheitszustand und verschiedenen anderen, vor allem psychologischen Variablen. Häufig wird der Gesundheitszustand auch zur Ergebnismessung bei Interventionsstudien eingesetzt. Die herkömmlichen Instrumente zur Erfassung des Gesundheitszustandes sind aber mit einer Reihe von Nachteilen behaftet. So befassen sich die meisten bekannten Messinstrumente zur Feststellung der Gesundheit lediglich mit Teilaspekten der Gesundheit oder mit bestimmten Probandengruppen. Im Rahmen der Basler interdisziplinären Altersstudie IDA (PerrigChiello et al. 1996) wurden beispielsweise zur Beurteilung der objektiven Gesundheit 20 rein internistische Indikatoren herangezogen, andere Erkrankungen aber außer Acht gelassen. Dadurch sind die Befunde nicht für ein breites Spektrum von Altersgruppen und Erkrankungen zu verallgemeinern. Um dem Problem der Einschränkung auf einzelne Krankheitsbilder zu entgehen, wird für die Cumulative-Illness-Rating-Scale (Linn BS, Linn MW u. Gurel 1968) das Vorliegen einer ganzen Reihe von Erkrankungen aus allen Organsystemen abgefragt und deren Schwere eingeschätzt. Allerdings werden keine Befunde oder andere Gesundheitsdimensionen einbezogen.
A fast projector backprojector pair for use in iterative reconstruction of SPECT images (2005)

Reconstructed SPECT images suffer from decreased image quality due to photon attenuation within the patient and distance-dependent blurring introduced by the collimated gamma camera. Several iterative reconstruction algorithms have been proposed to compensate for these degradations, as well as to suppress noise. These methods require the use of a realistic projector and back-projector pair which can accurately model the physics of photon transport. Here, the authors describe a projector/backprojector pair which accurately models both photon attenuation and the distance-dependent detector response, and provides a substantial decrease in computational complexity over previous methods. The computational savings are obtained by using the frequency distance principle (FDP) to incorporate distance-dependent blurring into the projector/back-projector pair. Since this procedure can be implemented using FFT methods, distance-dependent blurring can be modeled with a substantial reduction in the number of computations required. Simulation studies using a paint source object and the Hoffman bit-map brain phantom have shown that use of the FDP based projector-backprojector pair can reduce the computation time required for iterative reconstruction, with minimal loss of accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>