gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemokine receptor CXCR4-β1 integrin axis mediates tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma HOS cells (2005)

It is known that beta1 integrins mediate the migratory response of cells to chemokine stimulation. Also, both beta1 integrins and chemokines have roles in tumor development. In the present study, the beta1 integrin-chemokine axis is assessed using human osteosarcoma (HOS) transfectant cells expressing the CXCR4 receptor for chemokine SDF-1 (CXCL12). We first identified in vitro the specific beta1 integrins that mediated the migratory response to SDF-1 stimulation. Results showed that on collagen type I and laminin, the chemotactic response to SDF-1 was predominantly mediated by alpha2beta1 integrin. On fibronectin, SDF-1-stimulated chemotaxis involved both alpha4beta1 and alpha5beta1 integrins. A comparison of the transfectant clones expressing CXCR4 at low, intermediate, and high levels and the control transfectant revealed that the transfectant clones migratory response in vitro and their ability to form tumors in vivo was related to their levels of CXCR4 expression. In addition, treatment by injection with mAbs to CXCR4, integrin alpha2beta1, or integrin alpha5beta1 effectively inhibited the growth of HOS-CXCR4 transfectant cells in vivo. Therefore, our results show that the beta1 integrins that mediated the migratory response were also functionally linked to the enhanced tumor growth of CXCR4-expressing HOS transfectant cells.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Regulates the Liver Microenvironment in Obese Mice and Promotes Liver Metastasis (2010)

Among the mechanisms implicated in the tumor-promoting effects of obesity, signaling by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin has received considerable attention. However, the emerging realization that obesity is associated with chronic inflammation has prompted other consideration of how the IGF-I axis may participate in cancer progression. In the present study, we used two mouse models of chronic (LID) and inducible (iLID) igf-1 gene deficiency in the liver to investigate the role of IGF-I in regulating the host microenvironment and colorectal carcinoma growth and metastasis in obese mice. Obese mice had a heightened inflammatory response in the liver, which was abolished in mice with chronic IGF-I deficiency (LID). In control animals changes to the hepatic microenvironment associated with obesity sustained the presence of tumor cells in the liver and increased the incidence of hepatic metastases after intrasplenic/portal inoculation of colon carcinoma cells. These changes did not occur in LID mice with chronic IGF-1 deficiency. In contrast, these changes occurred in iLID mice with acute IGF-1 deficiency, in the same manner as the control animals, revealing a fundamental difference in the nature of the requirement for IGF-1 on tumor growth and metastasis. In the setting of obesity, our findings imply that IGF-1 is critical to activate and sustain an inflammatory response in the liver that is needed for hepatic metastasis, not only through direct, paracrine effect on tumor cell growth, but also through indirect effects involving the tumor microenvironment.
Dynamics of social networks: A deterministic approach (2002)

Our aim is to model the dynamics of social networks, which comprises the problem of how people get to know each other, like each other, detest each other, etc. Most existing models are stochastic in nature and, obviously, based on random events. Our approach is deterministic and based on ordinary differential equations. This should not be seen as a challenge to stochastic models, but rather as a complement.
Asymmetric and Nonlinear Impact of Attribute-Level Performance on Overall Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Car Servicing of Four European Automotive Brands in Slovenia (2012)

Asymmetric and Nonlinear Impact of Attribute-Level Performance on Overall Customer Satisfaction in the Context of Car Servicing of Four European Automotive Brands in Slovenia The paper examines the nonlinearity and asymmetry between the satisfaction with individual attributes of the service and overall satisfaction in the context of passenger car servicing in Slovenia. The data set that was analysed was acquired from a regular survey on customer satisfaction with vehicle repair and maintenance services of four European automotive brands in Slovenia, carried out in 2005 and 2006 through 12,941 computer-assisted telephone interviews. Specifically, this study utilizes regression analysis in order to test the asymmetry and nonlinearity of the link between the attribute-level performance and overall satisfaction. The results show that the influence of dissatisfaction is different from the influence of satisfaction, and that the influence of satisfaction on overall satisfaction is greater than the influence of dissatisfaction. The results also show that nonlinearity is applicable to certain attributes of vehicle servicing, but not to all. We can sum up that precise knowledge of the correlation between the attribute-level performance of vehicle servicing and overall service satisfaction is important. Results show that caution must be employed in the evaluation of the importance of individual attributes on overall satisfaction, since the importance can change depending on the level of satisfaction. It appears that focusing on improving satisfaction is more important than focusing on lessening dissatisfaction. Results also show that the improvement of attribute-level performance offers diminishing returns; therefore, selective investment in activities for increasing customer satisfaction is sensible if satisfaction levels are already relatively high.
Antispasmodics. II. Esters of Basic Bicyclic Alcohols<sup>*</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAntispasmodics. II. Esters of Basic Bicyclic Alcohols*L. H. Sternbach and S. KaiserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 9, 2219–2221Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01129a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01129a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views605Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Hairpin Peptidomimetics: Design, Structures and Biological Activities (2008)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predictive distance-based mobility management for PCS networks (1999)

This paper presents a mobile tracking scheme that exploits the predictability of user mobility patterns in wireless PCS networks. Instead of the constant velocity fluid-flow or the random-walk mobility model, a more realistic Gauss-Markov model is introduced, where a mobile's velocity is correlated in time to a various degree. Based on the Gauss-Markov model, a mobile's future location is predicted by the network based on the information gathered from the mobile's last report of location and velocity. When a call is made, the network pages the destination mobile at and around the predicted location of the mobile and in the order of descending probability until the mobile is found. A mobile shares the same prediction information with the network and reports its new location whenever it reaches some threshold distance away from the predicted location. We describe an analytical framework to evaluate the cost of mobility management for the proposed predictive distance-based scheme. We then compare this cost against that of the regular, non-predictive distance-based scheme, which is obtained through simulations. Performance advantage of the proposed scheme is demonstrated under various mobility and call patterns, update cost, page cost, and frequencies of mobile location inspections.
Environmental profile of sophorolipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants (2003)

The two last decades have been marked by an increasing environmental awareness. In relationship to detergents, biodegradability and ecotoxicity have become important issues in the study, development and application of surfactants. In this respect biosurfactants are an interesting new class of surfactants that gain more and more interest on the market. Two commercially available biosurfactants, sophorolipids and rhamnolipids have been examined for their biodegradability, presence of stable metabolites and ecotoxicity. Both biosurfactants are ready biodegradable without evidence of stable metabolites and show more favourable ecotoxicity to some commercial synthetic surfactants.
Design Of Mbms Client Functions In The Mobile (2008)

MBMS is a unidirectional point-to-multipoint bearer service in which data are transmitted from a single source entity to multiple recipients. For a mobile to support the MBMS, MBMS client functions as well as MBMS radio protocols should be designed and implemented. In this paper, we analyze the MBMS client functions and describe the implementation of them in our mobile test-bed. User operations and signaling flows between protocol entities to control the MBMS functions are designed in detail. Service announcement utilizing the file download MBMS service and four MBMS user services are demonstrated in the test-bed to verify the MBMS client functions.
THE PPAR ACTIVATOR DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID PREVENTS ACETAMINOPHEN HEPATOTOXICITY IN MALE CD-1 MICE (1999)

Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatocellular necrosis can be prevented by treatment with peroxisome proliferators. This protection is associated with lowered protein arylation and glutathione depletion in mice. Peroxisome proliferators have been shown to activate nuclear receptors. These receptors, termed peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), can also be activated by free fatty acids. This study was designed to determine if treatment with the PPAR activator docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) would also lower APAP toxicity. Male CD-1 mice received 250 mg DHA/kg or 500 mg clofibrate (CFB)/kg, i.p., for 5 d. Controls received corn oil vehicle, i.p. After overnight fasting, mice received 800 mg APAP/kg, p.o. At 24 h after APAP, hepatotoxicity was evident in control mice by elevated plasma sorbitol dehydrogenase activity (SDH) and histologic evidence of hepatic degeneration and necrosis. As expected, CFB pretreatment significantly decreased this. Similarly, DHA protected against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity at 24 h after challenge. However, treatment with DHA did not increase hepatic glutathione prior to APAP, as previously shown with CFB. Interestingly, DHA did not increase palmitoyl coenzyme A (CoA) oxidase activity or other biochemical parameters associated with peroxisome proliferation after 5 d of treatment at 250 mg/kg. No significant alterations in microsomal APAP glucuronidation or cytochrome P-450-mediated bioactivation were detected either. Collectively, these results show that DHA also prevents APAP-induced hepatotoxicity at 24 h after challenge. However, the association between resistance against APAP-induced liver injury, PPAR activation, and peroxisome proliferation is not clearly understood.
On backup path activation to achieve differentiated dual-failure restorability in WDM mesh networks (2008)

A framework providing differentiated dual-failure restorability is proposed for single-failure-protected optical networks. Without deteriorating the overall dual-failure restorability, dual-failure restorability of high-class flows can be relatively higher than that of low-class flows by over 30%.
Capacity Analysis of Decoupled Downlink and Uplink Access in 5G\n Heterogeneous Systems (2014)

Our traditional notion of a cell is changing dramatically given the\nincreasing degree of heterogeneity in 4G and emerging 5G systems. Rather than\nbelonging to a specific cell, a device would choose the most suitable\nconnection from the plethora of connections available. In such a setting, given\nthe transmission powers differ significantly between downlink (DL) and uplink\n(UL), a wireless device that sees multiple Base Stations (BSs) may access the\ninfrastructure in a way that it receives the downlink (DL) traffic from one BS\nand sends uplink (UL) traffic through another BS. This situation is referred to\nas Downlink and Uplink Decoupling (DUDe). In this paper, the capacity and\nthroughput gains brought by decoupling are rigorously derived using stochastic\ngeometry. Theoretical findings are then corroborated by means of simulation\nresults. A further constituent of this paper is the verification of the\ntheoretically derived results by means of a real-world system simulation\nplatform. Despite theoretical assumptions differing from the very complete\nsystem simulator, the trends in the association probabilities and capacity\ngains are similar. Based on the promising results, we then outline\narchitectural changes needed to facilitate the decoupling of DL and UL.\n
Status Of Fiber-Optic Sensing (1988)

Techniques are reviewed whereby optical fibers may be used to measure various physical parameters. Advantages and disadvantages of fiber-optic sensing are discussed. In particular, phase-modulated devices for the measurement of acceleration, rotation, acoustics, pressure, temperature, electric current, and magnetic fields are emphasized. Areas of application to be considered include medical, military, geophysical and industrial control.
A System of QR Barcode Recognition Based on Mobile Phone (2012)

In this paper, we design and implement a system of QR Barcode Recognition based on the mobile phone. This system is based on image processing, consists of image capture model, image pre-processing model and decode model. We propose a new adaptive local threshold method for non-illumination of QR image. The experiment result shows this system is very effective on iphone mobile.
Expression of Housefly CYP6A1 and NADPH-Cytochrome P450 Reductase in Escherichia coli and Reconstitution of an Insecticide-Metabolizing P450 System (1994)

The house fly (Musca domestica) cytochrome P450 gene CYP6A1 was expressed in Escherichia coli. The native protein was produced at a level of 0.25-0.34 mumol/L (15-20 mg/L) of culture with approximately 50% of the P450 being associated with the membrane fraction. The CYP6A1 protein was characterized spectrally and purified by a combination of hydrophobic interaction and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The house fly NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase gene was also expressed in E. coli. Expression of a cytoplasmically directed reductase resulted in a protein that reduced cytochrome c but did not support P450 monooxygenase reactions. However, a periplasmically directed reductase was found to support monooxygenase reactions with CYP6A1 in a reconstituted system. The reconstituted system was effective in the epoxidation of the cyclodiene insecticides aldrin and heptachlor, with turnover rates of 12 and 34 min-1, respectively. The enzyme showed little detectable activity in the O-dealkylation and N-dealkylation of various compounds that are metabolized by house fly microsomes. Incubation with polyclonal antisera raised against purified CYP6A1 inhibited the microsomal epoxidation of heptachlor by 65%. Under the same conditions, the metabolism of 7-methoxy-4-methylcoumarin was inhibited only slightly. The results suggest that CYP6A1 is a major cyclodiene epoxidase in the house fly and that multiple P450 forms are responsible for the elevated monooxygenase activities in insecticide-resistant flies.
Engine Parameter Estimation in Test Cells Using Hybrid Physics/Empirical Models (2011)

Estimation of engine parameters such as thrust in test cells is a difficult process due to the highly nonlinear nature of the engine dynamics, the complex interdependency of thrust and the engine’s health condition, and factors that corrupt thrust measurements due to test stand construction. Because the frequency content of the corrupting dynamics is close to the engine’s dynamics, filtering the thrust signal is not sufficient for extraction of the true dynamic content. A configurable thrust estimation system is developed for accurate data reduction which provides “virtual” measurements of thrust and other necessary parameters at steady state and during aggressive engine transients. The thrust estimation framework consists of a representative nonlinear engine model coupled with an adaptive structural dynamics model. To account for discrepancies between the physics-based model and the true engine, a hybrid model using a novel neural network (NN) enhancement to a physics-based engine model is presented that reduces certain modeling errors between the engine model and the physical plant. This includes engine-to-engine variation, engine degradation and any essential neglected dynamics. To fuse the model and sensor measurements, this hybrid model is used within a constant-gain extended Kalman filter batch estimator which is able to reconstruct the true dynamic performance of the engine using noisy or corrupted sensor measurements and control inputs. The Kalman filter estimates measured and unmeasured parameters and state variables such as engine component deterioration parameters and effective flow areas.
Novel aromatic systems. Part X. Some aspects of the chemistry of 2,3-dihydroxybenzocycloheptenes (1972)

Some reactions of 3-methoxybenzocyclohepten-2-one are described and its n.m.r. spectrum is discussed. Hydride reductions of various derivatives of 2,3-dihydroxybenzocycloheptenones have been carried out and the products identified. A convenient synthesis of 5-aryl-3-methoxybenzocyclohepten-2-ones is reported.
Capillary condensation, freezing, and melting in silica nanopores: A sorption isotherm and scanning calorimetry study on nitrogen in mesoporous SBA-15 (2012)

Condensation, melting, and freezing of nitrogen in a powder of mesoporous silica grains (SBA-15) has been studied by combined volumetric sorption isotherm and scanning calorimetry measurements. Within the mean-field model of Saam and Cole for vapor condensation in cylindrical pores, a liquid nitrogen sorption isotherm is well described by a bimodal pore radius distribution. It encompasses a narrow peak centered at 3.3 nm, typical of tubular mesopores, and a significantly broader peak characteristic of micropores, located at 1 nm. The material condensed in the micropores as well as the first two adsorbed monolayers in the mesopores do not exhibit any caloric anomaly. The solidification and melting transformation affects only the pore condensate beyond approximately the second monolayer of the mesopores. Here, interfacial melting leads to a single peak in the specific-heat measurements. Homogeneous and heterogeneous freezing along with a delayering transition for partial fillings of the mesopores result in a caloric freezing anomaly similarly complex and dependent on the thermal history to that observed for argon in SBA-15. The axial propagation of the crystallization in pore space is more effective in the case of nitrogen than previously observed for argon, which we attribute to differences in the crystalline textures of the pore solids.
Enzymatic interesterification of fats (1996)

Cocoa butter, milkfat and a blend of milkfat/canola oil were enzymatically interesterified using Lipozyme IM60, a commercially available immobilised lipase. Samples were taken during interesterification and analysed for triglyceride (TG) composition and Solid Fat Content (SFC). A model system of interesterification based on the solvent-free enzymatic interesterification of cocoa butter was developed to enable the process to be studied in terms of rate, specificity and extent of reaction. A profile of the reaction was generated by comparing the sample TG compositions with calculated complete 1,3-specific and randomised TG compositions. Correlations were made between changes in the reaction profile obtained from the model system and changes in the physical properties of the milkfat and blends over time.
Formal specification of bounded buffer using stream functions (2009)

Formal specifications of software components are critical to software development. Several types of formal or semi-formal methods are commonly used for software specification, such as specification languages, graphic diagrams, algebraic descriptions, and stream functions. Each of these methods addresses the specification problem from a different view point and has its own strengthens and weaknesses. In this paper, we use the stream function approach to formally specify a particular software component, bounded buffer. Based on the specification, a state transition machine is built as an implementation of the bounded queue.
Structural features of stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase distinguish dimeric aldehyde dehydrogenase as a ‘variable’ enzyme ‘Variable’ and ‘constant’ enzymes within the alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase families (1991)

Stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase was structurally evaluated by analysis of peptide fragments of the human enzyme and comparisons with corresponding parts from other characterized aldehyde dehydrogenases. The results establish a large part of the structure, confirming that the stomach enzyme is identical to the inducible or tumor-derived dimeric aldehyde dehydrogenase. In addition, species variations between identical sets of different aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenases reveal that stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase exhibits a fairly rapid rate of evolutionary changes, similar to that for the likewise 'variable' classical alcohol dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, and cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase but in contrast to the 'constant' class III alcohol dehydrogenase and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. This establishes that rates of divergence in the aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenases are unrelated to subunit size or quaternary structure, highlights the unique nature of class III alcohol dehydrogenase, and positions the stomach aldehyde dehydrogenase in a group with more ordinary features.
Anatomic and Biomechanical Study of Posterior Cervical Spine Plate Arthrodesis (1992)

Summary This study compares two techniques of screw placement for posterior plate arthrodesis of the cervical spine: one in which the screw is placed in a parasagittal plane, and the other in which the screw is directed anteriorly, laterally, and cranially.