gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cross-Linking and Lipid Efflux Properties of ApoA-I Mutants Suggest Direct Association between ApoA-I Helices and ABCA1 (2004)

To explore the functional interactions between apoA-I and ABCA1, we correlated the cross-linking properties of several apoA-I mutants with their ability to promote cholesterol efflux. In a competitive cross-linking assay, amino-terminal deletion and double amino- and carboxy-terminal deletion mutants of apoA-I competed effectively the cross-linking of WT (125)I-apoA-I to ABCA1, while the carboxy-terminal deletion mutant apoA-I[Delta(220-243)] competed poorly. Direct cross-linking of WT apoA-I, amino-terminal, and double deletion mutants of apoA-I to ABCA1 showed similar apparent K(d) values (49-74 nM), whereas the apparent K(d) values of the carboxy-terminal deletion mutants apoA-I[Delta(185-243)] and apoA-I[Delta(220-243)] were increased 3-fold. Analysis of several internal deletions and point mutants of apoA-I showed that apoA-I[Delta(61-78)], apoA-I[Delta(89-99)], apoA-I[Delta(136-143)], apoA-I[Delta(144-165)], apoA-I[D102A/D103A], apoA-I[E125K/E128K/K133E/E139K], apoA-I[L141R], apoA-I[R160V/H162A], and WT apoA-I had similar ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux, and all competed efficiently the cross-linking of WT (125)I-apoA-I to ABCA1. WT apoA-I and ABCA1 could be cross-linked with a 3 A cross-linker. The WT apoA-I, amino, carboxy and double deletion mutants of apoA-I showed differences in the cross-linking to WT ABCA1 and the mutant ABCA1[W590S]. The findings are consistent with a direct association of different combinations of apoA-I helices with a complementary ABCA1 domain. Mutations that alter ABCA1/apoA-I association affect cholesterol efflux and inhibit biogenesis of HDL.
Effect of Powder Particle Size of Tin Based Alloy Sintered via Hybrid Microwave and Conventional Furnace (2014)

Microwave processing of metal alloy powders have gained considerable potential in the field of material synthesis. This paper aims to present the effect of powder particle size of Tin Based Alloy sintered using different type of heat source. Tin (Sn) based alloy containing two different sizes, 10 μm and 150 μm of Sn powder were successfully sintered using hybrid microwave and conventional sintering. The overall processing time was reduced by about 93% through microwave sintering. The comparative analysis is based on densification parameter, microhardness, microstructures and XRD detected phases of the specimens. All specimen with 10 μm sintered in microwave exhibited 90% of theoretical density while exhibited 86% lower porosity and possessed 30% higher in microhardness value.
Clinically Insignificant Effect of Supplemental Vitamin C on Serum Urate in Patients With Gout: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2013)

A modest dosage of vitamin C (500 mg/day) for 8 weeks had no clinically significant urate-lowering effects in patients with gout, despite the fact that plasma ascorbate levels increased. These results differ from previous findings in healthy control subjects with hyperuricemia. The uricosuric effect of modest-dose vitamin C appears to be small in patients with gout, when administered as monotherapy or in combination with allopurinol.
Short Circuit Robustness of 1200 V SiC Junction Transistors and Power MOSFETs (2016)

Short-circuit (SC) robustness of 1200 V-rated SiC npn Junction Transistors (SJTs) and commercial power DMOSFETs is investigated. Due to low (2x) overdrive base currents and low short-circuit currents, SJTs demonstrate superior SC capability including: (a) minimum short-circuit withstand time (t SC ) of 14 µs, even at V DS =1000 V (b) Perfectly stable output and blocking characteristics after 10,000, 10 µs long SC pulses at 800 V, (c) t SC ≥ 18 µs at 800 V up to (at-least) 175°C base-plate temperatures. In contrast, commercial (Gen-II) 1200 V/80 mΩ SiC MOSFETs exhibit catastrophic failure beyond t SC = 7 µs at 500 V, and t SC = 3 µs at 800 V, due to excessive SC currents of > 200 A resulting in junction temperatures in excess of 650°C. The MOSFET’s drain leakage current increases by a factor of 120, and the V TH reduces by 20%, after 7 µs-long SC pulses at 500 V.
Analysis of graphene nanoribbons as a channel material for field-effect transistors (2006)

Electronic properties of graphene (carbon) nanoribbons are studied and compared to those of carbon nanotubes. The nanoribbons are found to have qualitatively similar electron band structure which depends on chirality but with a significantly narrower band gap. The low- and high-field mobilities of the nanoribbons are evaluated and found to be higher than those of carbon nanotubes for the same unit cell but lower at matched band gap or carrier concentration. Due to the inverse relationship between mobility and band gap, it is concluded that graphene nanoribbons operated as field-effect transistors must have band gaps &lt;0.5eV to achieve mobilities significantly higher than those of silicon and thus may be better suited for low power applications.
Assessment of Time of Concentration Formulas for Overland Flow (2005)

Despite the importance of overland time of concentration on the design discharge, engineers are often bewildered by the array of formulas available in the literature without knowing the accuracy of each formula. This assessment covers nine formulas published between 1946 and 1993, which are intended for overland flow only that is subjected to uniform rain. The assessment compares the estimates from the formulas with experimental values that are derived under the same conditions for two surfaces: concrete and grass. The assessment shows that formulas that do not account for the rainfall intensity are only valid for a limited range of rainfall intensities. The formulas that account for the rainfall intensity generally show better agreement with the experimental data. Finally, the assessment gives two rankings of the formulas for the two surfaces in accordance to their accuracy as compared to the experimental data. The formula that has the best accuracy for both surfaces is the Chen and Wong formula.
Frequency analysis of human peripheral blood B cells producing IgM-rheumatoid factor. Differential effects of stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to CD3 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> . (1990)

The extent and nature of IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF) precursors within normal human B cells were examined by utilizing two different polyclonal B cell stimulators, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SA) and immobilized mAb to the CD3 molecular complex (64.1). In cultures stimulated with SA, B cells produced IgM-RF in the presence of T4 cells, factors generated from mitogen-activated T cells (TF), or IL-2. Similarly, in cultures stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3, T4 cells that had been treated with mitomycin C (T4 mito) induced the production of large amounts of IgM-RF. Limiting dilution analyses revealed that the precursor frequencies of IgM-RF-producing cells induced by SA + TF and by immobilized anti-CD3-activated T4 mito were 0.008 +/- 0.001/100 B cells (n = 7) and 0.043 +/- 0.004/100 B cells (n = 6) (mean +/- SEM), respectively. Of note, the proportion of IgM-secreting cells that produced IgM-RF was much greater in cultures stimulated with SA + TF (30 to 61%) than that noted in cultures containing immobilized anti-CD3-stimulated T4 mito (1.0 to 3.9%). When B cells were co-stimulated with both SA and immobilized anti-CD3-activated T4 mito, the frequency of IgM-RF producing cells increased further to 0.12 to 0.27/100 B cells (4.6 to 21.2% of IgM-producing cells). These results indicate that both SA and immobilized anti-CD3 are potent stimulators of IgM-RF precursors. Moreover, the combination of SA and immobilized anti-CD3 provides a very potent in vitro signal for IgM-RF elaboration, inducing the production of this autoantibody from 1 to 3 in 1000 circulating normal B cells.
Effect of Sea buckthorn on liver fibrosis: A clinical study (2003)

Sea buckthorn may be a hopeful drug for prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.
Active Tuning of All-Dielectric Metasurfaces (2015)

All-dielectric metasurfaces provide a powerful platform for highly efficient flat optical devices, owing to their strong electric and magnetic dipolar response accompanied by negligible losses at near-infrared frequencies. Here we experimentally demonstrate dynamic tuning of electric and magnetic resonances in all-dielectric silicon nanodisk metasurfaces in the telecom spectral range based on the temperature-dependent refractive-index change of a nematic liquid crystal. We achieve a maximum resonance tuning range of 40 nm and a pronounced change in the transmittance intensity up to a factor of 5. Strongly different tuning rates are observed for the electric and the magnetic response, which allows for dynamically adjusting the spectral mode separation. Furthermore, we experimentally investigate the influence of the anisotropic (temperature-dependent) dielectric environment provided by the liquid crystal on both the electric and magnetic resonances. We demonstrate that the phase transition of the liquid crystal from its nematic to its isotropic phase can be used to break the symmetry of the optical metasurface response. As such, our approach allows for spectral tuning of electric and magnetic resonances of all-dielectric metasurfaces as well as switching of the anisotropy of the optical response of the device.
Life and Background (1973)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau was born 28 June 1712 in Geneva, the second son of a Protestant watchmaker. Geneva was at that time a city-republic, not herself a member of the Swiss Confederation but under the joint protection of Berne and Zürich, which were members, and of France, which of course was not. It was the city that Calvin had once ruled, and Calvinism was still the established religion. Rousseau’s mother died within days of his birth, and he was brought up in his father’s house, where he learnt to read the books that had once been his mother’s — mainly novels and history (particularly Plutarch’s Lives, to which he retained a great attachment throughout his life). When he was twelve years old he was apprenticed to an engraver, his father being then in exile after fighting a duel. In March 1728, when he was fifteen, he ran away and crossed the border into Savoy, which was then not part of France but ruled, along with Piedmont, by the King of Sardinia, a prince who despite his title had his capital at Turin.
Literate programming simplified (1994)

Literate programming tools let you arrange the parts of a program in any order and extract documentation and code from the same source file. The author argues that language-dependence and feature complexity have hampered acceptance of these tools, then offers a simpler alternative.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Conceptual Captions: A Cleaned, Hypernymed, Image Alt-text Dataset For Automatic Image Captioning (2018)

We present a new dataset of image caption annotations, Conceptual Captions, which contains an order of magnitude more images than the MS-COCO dataset We achieve this by extracting and filtering image caption annotations from billions of webpages. We also present quantitative evaluations of a number of image captioning models and show that a model architecture based on Inception- ResNet-v2 (Szegedy et al., 2016) for image-feature extraction and Transformer
Localization of Immunoreactive Tissue Kallikrein in Human Trachea (1993)

Abstract Tissue kallikrein is the major kininogenase detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from asthmatics and may play a particularly important role in kinin generation during asthma. The present study was undertaken to determine the source of tissue kallikrein in the human lower airways. Specific antisera to human tissue kallikrein were used to localize this enzyme by immunocytochemistry in human trachea. Immunoreactive tissue kallikrein was localized in submucosal glands of the lamina propria but was not detected in epithelial cells or goblet cells. Specific staining for tissue kallikrein was not detected in all cells of the submucosal glands but was restricted to cells forming demilunes in the distal portions of the glands. When consecutive serial sections of submucosal glands were alternately stained using antiserum to tissue kallikrein and a periodic acid Schiff stain (to detect mucus), it was revealed that immunoreactive tissue kallikrein was present only in serous cells and not in mucus cells. The localization of tissue kallikrein to the serous cells of submucosal glands should facilitate studies to regulate the release of this enzyme. Regulation of tissue kallikrein release may provide a mechanism to reduce kinin generation during asthma.
Metabolic and nutritional support of critically ill patients: consensus and controversies (2015)

The results of recent large-scale clinical trials have led us to review our understanding of the metabolic response to stress and the most appropriate means of managing nutrition in critically ill patients. This review presents an update in this field, identifying and discussing a number of areas for which consensus has been reached and others where controversy remains and presenting areas for future research. We discuss optimal calorie and protein intake, the incidence and management of re-feeding syndrome, the role of gastric residual volume monitoring, the place of supplemental parenteral nutrition when enteral feeding is deemed insufficient, the role of indirect calorimetry, and potential indications for several pharmaconutrients.
Oral complications of cancer radiotherapy (1977)

Injury to surrounding tissues during radiotherapy for oral cancer can have devastating physical and psychologic consequences for the patient. Oral complications include xerostomia, dental decay, mucositis, taste loss, osteoradionecrosis, infection, and trismus. In many instances, these problems can be eradicated or controlled with appropriate treatment.
A time‐lapse and quantitative modelling analysis of neural stem cell motion in the absence of directional cues and in electric fields (2010)

Neural stem cell (NSC) migration is an important component of their developmental function and therapeutic potential. Understanding their mode of migration and their response to guidance cues can contribute to improved therapies for CNS repair, in which appropriate homing to sites of injury is essential. Using time-lapse imaging, we have analyzed the NSC mode of migration in vitro, both in the absence of directional cues and in the presence of applied electric fields (EFs), previously shown to constitute a strong directional signal for these cells. Without EFs, NSCs displayed an amoeboid motion, characterized by small lamellipodial-like protrusions with changing orientations, leading to highly tortuous migration. In EFs, tortuosity diminished as electrotaxis toward the cathode occurred. EFs suppressed the formation of protrusions oriented toward the anode, suggesting that restriction of protrusions with opposing orientation could underlie the change from tortuous motion to directed migration. Treatment with LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (Pi3K) inhibitor, reduced the cathodal bias of protrusions in EFs and the frequency of changes in direction. We generated a model of NSC migration with only two key parameters, which could accurately reproduce experimental migration patterns, and we used it to show that both effects of LY294002 contribute to impair electrotaxis, although decreased protrusion bias is the most important. Our results show that control of protrusion orientation by EFs is an important component of the electrotactic response. A simple modelling approach might be useful in understanding how diverse pharmacological treatments or genetic deletions affect different kinds of directional cell migration.
1D broken-gap tunnel transistor with MOSFET-like on-currents and sub-60mV/dec subthreshold swing (2009)

We present a detailed study on the operation of a tunneling field-effect transistor (TFET) based on one-dimensional broken-gap heterostructure geometry. Using numerical simulations we show that less than 60 mV/dec subthreshold swing can be obtained in this device along with MOSFET-like drive-currents. We further demonstrate that the 1D geometry is uniquely suited for this device concept. Our model broken-gap TFET has a minimum swing of ~20 mV/dec along with ~100x increase in above-threshold current compared to the homojunction geometry.
Functional Characterization of β-adrenoceptor Subtypes in the Canine and Rat Lower Urinary Tract (2003)

In rats and dogs a selective beta 3-AR agonist can decrease bladder pressure without affecting urethral pressure.
CMOS IF transceiver for narrowband PCS (2002)

Integrated IF transceivers can be used to reduce the size and power consumption of portable radios. The IF transceiver described is designed for narrowband PCS applications, such as two-way paging. This design uses novel signal processing techniques in order to minimize power consumption and analog complexity. The receive section converts a 21.4 MHz IF signal (8 kHz BW) to a digital complex baseband signal. The transmit section accepts a digital complex baseband signal and outputs a 60.4 MHz IF signal (8 kHz BW). The IF transceiver also integrates several functions to control external RF circuitry. These functions include DACs for frequency control of the crystal reference and power control of the transmit PA, a temperature sensor, a general purpose ADC, and general purpose programmable digital inputs and outputs.
Effect of crude extracts of the plant local wolf riding in the growth of some fungi (2006)

Make a search on the vegetative parts of the plant local horse guilt of some elements in the Haj Omran area in northern Iraq has included recognition of certain nutrients
Oxidation of natural targets by dioxiranes. 2. Direct hydroxylation at the side chain C-25 of cholestane derivatives and of vitamin D3 Windaus-Grundmann ketone (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidation of natural targets by dioxiranes. 2. Direct hydroxylation at the side chain C-25 of cholestane derivatives and of vitamin D3 Windaus-Grundmann ketonePaolo Bovicelli, Paolo Lupattelli, Enrico Mincione, Teresa Prencipe, and Ruggero CurciCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 19, 5052–5054Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00045a004https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00045a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1122Altmetric-Citations68LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
High Resolution Imaging of Latent Fingerprints by Localized Corrosion on Brass Surfaces (2009)

The Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) is capable of imaging fingerprint ridges on polished brass substrates at an unprecedented level of detail. While exposure to elevated humidity at ambient or slightly raised temperatures does not change the image appreciably, subsequent brief heating in a flame results in complete loss of the sweat deposit and the appearance of pits and trenches. Localized elemental analysis (using EDAX, coupled with SEM imaging) shows the presence of the constituents of salt in the initial deposits. Together with water and atmospheric oxygen--and with thermal enhancement--these are capable of driving a surface corrosion process. This process is sufficiently localized that it has the potential to generate a durable negative topographical image of the fingerprint. AFM examination of surface regions between ridges revealed small deposits (probably microscopic "spatter" of sweat components or transferred particulates) that may ultimately limit the level of ridge detail analysis.
An Expression of Elastic-Plastic Constitutive Law Incoporating Stress Increment Dependence : Initial Isotropic Material with Mises-Type Plastic Potential (1990)

A constitutive law for elastic-plastic materials is presented on the assumption that the deviatoric stress increments affect plastic strain increments. By the use of weighing parameters, the law is expressed as an averaging rule of the usual plastic potential law (J2-flow rule) and a rule which permits plastic strain increments to depend only on stress increments. The developed law allows the existence of a vertex on the yield surface. It can, however, be expressed formally in the same equation as the usual J2-flow rule, which implies that it is applicable to such a solution scheme as the finite element method.
Structure-Activity Investigation of a G Protein-Biased Agonist Reveals Molecular Determinants for Biased Signaling of the D2 Dopamine Receptor (2018)

The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is known to elicit effects through activating two major signaling pathways mediated by either G proteins (Gi/o) or β-arrestins. However, the specific role of each pathway in physiological or therapeutic activities is not known with certainty. One approach to the dissection of these pathways is through the use of drugs that can selectively modulate one pathway vs. the other through a mechanism known as functional selectivity or biased signaling. Our laboratory has previously described a G protein signaling-biased agonist, MLS1547, for the D2R using a variety of <i>in vitro</i> functional assays. To further evaluate the biased signaling activity of this compound, we investigated its ability to promote D2R internalization, a process known to be mediated by β-arrestin. Using multiple cellular systems and techniques, we found that MLS1547 promotes little D2R internalization, which is consistent with its inability to recruit β-arrestin. Importantly, we validated these results in primary striatal neurons where the D2R is most highly expressed suggesting that MLS1547 will exhibit biased signaling activity <i>in vivo</i>. In an effort to optimize and further explore structure-activity relationships (SAR) for this scaffold, we conducted an iterative chemistry campaign to synthesize and characterize novel analogs of MLS1547. The resulting analysis confirmed previously described SAR requirements for G protein-biased agonist activity and, importantly, elucidated new structural features that are critical for agonist efficacy and signaling bias of the MLS1547 scaffold. One of the most important determinants for G protein-biased signaling is the interaction of a hydrophobic moiety of the compound with a defined pocket formed by residues within transmembrane five and extracellular loop two of the D2R. These results shed new light on the mechanism of biased signaling of the D2R and may lead to improved functionally-selective molecules.
Optimization of Adhesive Bonding Process of Single-lap joints (2004)

Single lap joint will be considered in the paper as one of the most frequently applied joint design in engineering practice. The object of the paper is to find optimal values of geometrical parameters of joints (lap length and adhesive thickness) for the bonded joint to be dimensioned properly. At these optimal values it is possible to reach a maximum load bearing capacity using a minimum quantity of applied adhesive.