gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Percent Body Fat for U.S. Navy Men from Body Circumferences and Height (1984)

Abstract : In October of 1981, OPNAVINST 6110.1B was promulgated establishing the percentage of body weight contributed by fat mass (%BF) as the basis for weight control decisions. Tables based upon the work of Wright, Dotson, and Davis allowing prediction of %BF from abdominal and neck circumferences were accepted for use on an interim basis. This report covers validation of the equation of Wright and his co-workers, as well as the development and cross- validation of a new equation which offers improved prediction of %BF for U.S. Navy male personnel. Anthropometric measures consisting of 8 skinfold thicknesses, 12 body circumferences, height, and body weight were made on 602 male U.S. Navy personnel aged 18-56 years (mean age = 32 yrs). In addition, each participant had her body density and %BF determined by underwater weighing. Validity of the equation of Wright and co-workers was assessed by correlation between predicted and measured %BF. The correlation coefficient = 0.87 (std. err. meas. = 3.99 %BF). Errors in prediction near the Navy minimum standard of 22% BF, dictated development of a new equation.
A Laboratory Study of Bacteria‐Facilitated Cadmium Transport in Alluvial Gravel Aquifer Media (2005)

Colloids, including bacteria, can dramatically accelerate the transport of heavy metals in ground water. Batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate adsorption of cadmium (Cd) onto Bacillus subtilis spores or Escherichia coli vegetative cells and Cd transport in alluvial gravel aquifer media in the presence of these bacteria. Results of the batch experiments showed that adsorption of Cd onto the bacteria was (i) positively related to solution pH, bacterial concentration, and negative surface charge, but inversely related to Cd concentration and (ii) a rate-limited nonlinear process, but adsorption onto E. coli was much less. For column influent Cd concentrations of about 4 mg/L and bacterial concentrations of > or = 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu)/mL, there was a significant increase in total Cd effluent concentrations. In comparison with controls that did not have bacteria-facilitated transport, Cd traveled 17 to 20 times faster when it traveled with mobile bacteria. However, Cd traveled mostly 2 to 3 times slower during the desorption phase under the influence of bacteria retained in the column. The difference between total and dissolved Cd concentrations was significant during Cd cotransport with B. subtilis spores, but this concentration difference was very small during Cd cotransport with E. coli, suggesting an adsorption-dominant mechanism during Cd cotransport with the spores and the possibility of Cd chelation by the dissolved membrane vesicles secreted from E. coli cell walls. Bacteria-facilitated transport of heavy metals may pose a threat to ground water quality in sites such as landfills and following land disposal of industrial and domestic effluent and sludge.
Liraglutide: short‐lived effect on gastric emptying—long lasting effects on body weight (2012)

The data suggest that the 'gastric inhibitory' GLP-1 receptors in rats are subject to desensitization/tachyphylaxis but that this effect is dependent on full 24-h exposure as obtained by liraglutide. The body weight-lowering effects of GLP-1 receptor stimulation are not subject to desensitization. These data indicate that regulation of appetite signals in the brain, and not GE, is the main mechanism for liraglutide-induced weight loss.
Sulindac causes rapid regression of preexisting tumors in Min/+ mice independent of prostaglandin biosynthesis. (1997)

Several lines of evidence strongly link prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) to cancer of the intestine. Several studies have reported a 40-50% reduction in mortality from colorectal cancer in individuals who routinely consume nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, possibly by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity. However, the role of eicosanoids in this process is still unclear. The heterozygote Min/+ mouse model, like patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, carries a nonsense mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene that results in the spontaneous development of intestinal adenomas (100% incidence). This study investigated the association between eicosanoid biosynthesis, intestinal tumor load, and the chemotherapeutic effect of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulindac during early and preexisting phases of tumor growth and development as well as residual effects after drug withdrawal. Administration of sulindac (320 ppm) to Min/+ mice reduced the tumor number by 95% but did not alter the levels of PGE2 and LTB4 in intestinal tissues. Increasing PGE2 and LTB4 levels by 44% with dietary arachidonic acid supplementation had no effect on tumor number or size. When sulindac was added to the arachidonic acid-supplemented diet, tumor number was reduced by 82%, whereas eicosanoid levels remained elevated. In Min/+ mice with established tumors, treatment with sulindac for 4 days reduced tumor number by 75%, and continual administration of sulindac was necessary to maintain a reduced tumor load. In summary, alterations in eicosanoid formation were not correlated with tumor number or size in the Min/+ mouse model; thus, the antitumor effect of sulindac seems to be PG independent.
MX Fiber Optics Cable Data Network message traffic simulation (1983)

The proposed MX MPS Fiber Optics Cable Data Network would interconnect over 4600 facilities and cover and area of 12000 to 15000 mi2. One of the important factors in the design of such a large network is the traffic created by the various messages flowing through the network. This paper describes the simulation of the proposed network structure, the different kinds of messages flowing through it, and the message routing mechanism. The performance of the network for different scenarios is evaluated using the simulation. Some of the performance parameters examined are: potential bottlenecks, the propagation time for each kind of message, the queue statistics, and the results of down lines and nodes in the network. Although this particular MX basing concept is no longer being considered, the simulation techniques developed are directly applicable to analysis of other large communications networks.
Concentration and Estimated Flow of Peptides from the Rumen of Dairy Cattle: Effects of Protein Quantity, Protein Solubility, and Feeding Frequency (1987)

Experiments were conducted to ascertain the effect of dietary protein (type and amount) and feeding frequency on peptide concentration and flow from the rumen of lactating Holstein cows. When rations supplemented with soybean meal were fed 12 times/d and CP was 14.5, 17.1, or 20.6%, the estimated flow of N from the rumen was 22, 33, and 34 g/d, respectively. When the soybean meal was autoclaved to decrease protein solubility (14.4, 16.9, and 19.3% CP the flow of peptide N was 19, 26, and 31 g/d, respectively. In both of these experiments rumen volume and dilution rate remained relatively constant throughout the day, and flow was proportional to concentration. If the cows were fed rations containing 17.8% CP once a day, the peptide concentration and dilution rate were highest 2 h after feeding and declined significantly thereafter. Replacement of half the soybean protein with either extruded soybean meal or fish meal decreased the flow of peptide N from the rumen (19 versus 14 and 15 g/d, respectively). Because the total flow of soluble protein and ammonia as well as peptides was less if cows were fed once a day than 12 times per day, increased feeding frequency appeared to increase ruminal proteolysis.
Nonsingular Constant Modulus Equalizer for PDM-QPSK Coherent Optical Receivers (2009)

Adaptive electronic equalizers using the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) algorithm often converge to a singular coefficient matrix that produces the same signal at multiple outputs. We address this issue in the context of optical communications systems with polarization-division multiplexing and coherent receivers. We study, by computer simulation, the performance of multiuser CMA equalizer, an enhanced CMA equalizer initially proposed for use in wireless multiuser and later multiple-input/multiple-output communications systems. We show that the proposed adaptive electronic equalizer does not exhibit singularities and, therefore, is superior to the commonly used CMA equalizer.
Fast Longest Common Subsequence with General Integer Scoring Support on GPUs (2014)

Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) have been gaining popularity among high-performance users. Certain classes of algorithms benefit greatly from the massive parallelism of GPUs. One such class of algorithms is longest common subsequence (LCS). Combined with bit parallelism, recent studies have been able to achieve terascale performance for LCS on GPUs. However, the reported results for the one-to-many matching problem lack correlation with weighted scoring algorithms. In this paper, we describe a novel technique to improve the score significance of the length of LCS algorithm for multiple matching. We extend the bit-vector algorithms for LCS to include integer scoring and parallelize them for hybrid CPU-GPU platforms. We benchmark our algorithm against the well-known sequence alignment algorithm on GPUs, CUDASW++, for accuracy and report performance on three different systems.
The relation of multiple-choice cloze items to the Test of English as a Foreign Language (1989)

Four categories of multiple-choice (MC) cloze items were examined in relation to the TOEFL. The object was to assess the factor structure of the TOEFL and the potential of distinguishing MC cloze items aimed at reading comprehension (defined in terms of textual constraints ranging across clauses) as contrasted with knowledge of grammar (short-range surface syntax and morphology) or vocabulary. Since it is impossible in principle to distinguish such skills absolutely at any given point in a text, a compromise was to identify items whose difficulty seemed to be based primarily on one level of processing and secondarily on another. The pivotal category was reading comprehension. In all, 50 MC cloze items over three texts were used in four subsets: ones for which reading comprehension seemed to be the primary source of difficulty, and (1) grammar secondary or (2) vocabulary secondary (nine and 14 items respec tively) ; and ones for which either (3) grammar or (4) vocabulary was the main source of difficulty and reading comprehension secondary (15 and 12 items). Results were analysed separately for each of nine language groups, with a total of 11,290 subjects in all. Factor analysis of the TOEFL suggested two factors related to (a) the Listening Comprehension section, and (b) the nonlistening subsections. The data did not clearly reveal the expected differential relations between the MC cloze categories and subsections of the TOEFL, though tendencies were apparent and analyses on the whole revealed substantial reliability and validity for the MC cloze items.
Video decoder reconfigurations and AVS extensions in the new MPEG reconfigurable video coding framework (2008)

Multimedia devices are now required to support multiple coding standards. Supporting seamlessly both interoperability between standards and flexibility for application specific optimizations is a great challenge for current video coding technology. After a brief description of the new MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) framework, this paper describes possible decoder reconfigurations within this framework. The essential idea behind this framework is to reuse as most as possible the algorithms or architectures which are common to several different standards and to reconfigure video decoders in a flexible way at the coding tool level. A coding tool is an encapsulated piece of algorithm. Reconfiguration can address specific optimization objectives such as improvement in colour reproduction or higher performance at high bitrate. These simple examples show that the tool level definition of the video tool library is flexible enough to support the incremental introduction of new coding algorithms, the usage of algorithms taken from different video standards (i.e. AVS is provided in one example), and the possibility of high level reconfigurations. Thus, this paper demonstrates that the RVC framework offers a great flexibility in selecting coding tools for decoder reconfigurations to satisfy a wide variety of different applications.
The effect of compounding on the conductive properties of EMI shielding compounds (1984)

Abstract Conductive fillers are currently being evaluated for their ability to produce conductive plastic parts which shield electromagnetic interference (EMI). These fillers all have a geometrical characteristic to them which makes them susceptible to damage during compounding and processing. In this paper the effects of compounding and processing on the electrical properties of compounds produced from a variety of conductive fillers are presented. These fillers include carbon black, carbon fibers, aluminum‐coated glass fibers, stainless steel fibers, and aluminum flakes. Thermoplastic polymers were used as matrices in the preparation of the conductive compounds. This study shows that a balance must be reached between dispersive mixing requirements and minimizing damage to the filler particles.
ANEMOS - Leading European Union Research on Wind Power Forecasting The ANEMOS Forecasting System (2008)

International audience
Control Power and Variable Renewables A Glimpse at German Data (2013)

Control power (regulating power, balancing power) is used to quickly restore the supply-demand balance in power systems. Variable renewable energy sources (VRE) such as wind and solar power are often thought to increase the reserve requirement significantly. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of balancing systems in Europe, discusses the role of VRE, and presents empirical market data from Germany. Despite German VRE capacity doubled during the last five years and has surpassed 70% of peak load, contracted control power decreased by 20%, and procurement cost fell by 50%. Today, control power adds only 0.4% to household electricity prices. Nevertheless, we identify several sources of inefficiency in control power markets and imbalance settlement systems and propose a number of policy changes to stimulate the participation of VRE in control provision and to improve the incentives to forecast accurately.
Investigation on the Current Nonuniformity in Current-Mode TFT Active-Matrix Display Pixel Circuitry (2005)

Detailed analysis of the mechanisms that cause deviations of the emission current from the input data current in polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) thin-film transistor (TFT) current-copier active matrix carbon nanotube field emission display (FED) pixel circuits is presented. These effects make the modulated emission current sensitive to the process variations of the circuit elements. Monte Carlo circuit analysis with a Gaussian statistical distribution of all related process parameters in the pixel circuit shows the emission current nonuniformity, and therefore illustrates the importance of improving the poly-Si TFT process for the design of high-resolution and high-brightness current-mode active matrix addressed displays. The analysis is also suitable for design and optimization of other reported current-mode active matrix addressed FED or organic light-emitting displays.
A comparative study of growth of ZnSe films on GaAs by conventional molecular-beam epitaxy and migration enhanced epitaxy (1989)

Growth of high-quality ZnSe films on GaAs(100) substrates by conventional molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) and migration enhanced epitaxy (MEE) have been examined. We have found a self-regulatory MEE process in the temperature range between 350 and 400 °C where a complete monolayer of ZnSe was achieved per three operational cycles of Zn+Sen. Thin films (&lt;1 μm) grown by self-regulatory MEE exhibited much higher structural perfection than MBE thin ZnSe films grown under closely identical conditions. The explanation for these structural differences must lie in details of how initial nucleation takes place in MBE and MEE. For thicker films (≂2 μm) no significant differences in structural or electrical properties were found for the two methods.
Intensity‐modulation radiotherapy using independent collimators: An algorithm study (1999)

The purpose of this work is to investigate algorithms for the delivery of intensity-modulated fields using independent collimators (IC). Two heuristic algorithms are proposed to calculate jaw-setting sequences for arbitrary 2D intensity distributions. The first algorithm is based on searching the whole intensity matrix to find the largest nonzero rectangular area as a segment while the second algorithm is to find a nonzero rectangular area as a segment which makes the complexity of the remaining intensity matrix minimum. After a sequence is obtained, the delivery order of all its segments is optimized with the technique of simulated annealing to minimize the total jaw-moving time. To evaluate these two algorithms, randomly generated intensity matrices and three clinical cases of different complexity have been tested, and the results have been compared with one algorithm proposed for MLC technique. It is shown that the efficiency of IC technique becomes increasingly lower than that of MLC technique, and the relative efficiency of two algorithms proposed here is related to machine dose rate and jaw speed. Assuming the prescribed dose is 200 cGY per fraction, machine dose rate is 250 MU/min, and jaw speed is 1.5 cm/s, the treatment can be delivered within about 20 min for all three cases with the first algorithm. The second algorithm requires longer delivery time under such assumptions. The delivery time can be further reduced through increasing machine dose rate and jaw speed, and developing more efficient algorithms. The use of IC for intensity-modulation radiotherapy has some potential advantages over other techniques.
Ultrabroadband single-mode fibers (1983)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. G. Cohen, W. L. Mammel, and S. J. Jang, "Ultrabroadband single-mode fibers," in Optical Fiber Communication, OSA Technical Digest (Optica Publishing Group, 1983), paper MF4. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
As_2S_3 photosensitivity by two-photon absorption: holographic gratings and self-written channel waveguides (1998)

We observed two-photon-induced refractive-index changes in As2S3 by exposure in the 800-nm region. We studied this photosensitivity by writing interference gratings on a 2-μm As2S3 thin film. This property is the key to creating self-written channel waveguides in a planar As2S3 slab.
Structure of Lipid Nanoparticles Containing siRNA or mRNA by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy (2018)

Here, we show how dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR spectroscopy experiments permit the atomic level structural characterization of loaded and empty lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). The LNPs used here were synthesized by the microfluidic mixing technique and are composed of ionizable cationic lipid (DLin-MC3-DMA), a phospholipid (distearoylphosphatidylcholine, DSPC), cholesterol, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (dimyristoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DMPE)-PEG 2000), as well as encapsulated cargoes that are either phosphorothioated siRNA (50 or 100%) or mRNA. We show that LNPs form physically stable complexes with bioactive drug siRNA for a period of 94 days. Relayed DNP experiments are performed to study <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>1</sup>H spin diffusion and to determine the spatial location of the various components of the LNP by studying the average enhancement factors as a function of polarization time. We observe a striking feature of LNPs in the presence and in the absence of encapsulating siRNA or mRNA by comparing our experimental results to numerical spin-diffusion modeling. We observe that LNPs form a layered structure, and we detect that DSPC and DMPE-PEG 2000 lipids form a surface rich layer in the presence (or absence) of the cargoes and that the cholesterol and ionizable cationic lipid are embedded in the core. Furthermore, relayed DNP <sup>31</sup>P solid-state NMR experiments allow the location of the cargo encapsulated in the LNPs to be determined. On the basis of the results, we propose a new structural model for the LNPs that features a homogeneous core with a tendency for layering of DSPC and DMPE-PEG at the surface.
Flight control system design for a small unmanned aircraft (2005)

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has designed, fabricated and successfully tested a small electrically-powered autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The UAV, which is intended to be a missile decoy, is designed to be deployed with wings and tail surfaces folded from a standard shipboard chaff round launcher. This paper describes the design and development of a microcontroller based automatic flight control system for the UAV. The flight control system hardware, software, control laws, and the methods used to synthesize the control laws are described. Flight test results are discussed.
Transform-limited optical pulse generation up to 20-GHz repetition rate by a sinusoidally driven InGaAsP electroabsorption modulator (1993)

The authors propose and demonstrate a simple technique for generating a transform-limited optical short pulse with variable repetition rates by using a sinusoidally driven InGaAsP electroabsorption modulator without any optical resonators. Using the pulse compression effect due to nonlinear attenuation characteristics of the modulator, a transform-limited optical pulse can be generated just with sinusoidal modulation. Theoretical calculations and experimental results show that the pulse shape is very close to the sech/sup 2/ shape, and the pulse width can be easily varied by varying the bias and modulation voltages. Transform-limited optical pulse generation with a minimum pulse width of 11 ps was achieved up to 20-GHz repetition rate. The time-bandwidth product was as small as 0.32. >
Extraction of Nuclear Proteins with Increased DNA Binding Activity (2000)

We have developed a method for the rapid extraction of nuclear proteins from cultured cells. The ammonium sulfate method described here extracts larger quantities of proteins that retain DNA binding activity than the modified Dignam method and another popular method used for the extraction of transcription factors. The ammonium sulfate method is rapid and can be used to process a large number of samples for gel shift analysis.