gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust Group Sparse Beamforming for Multicast Green Cloud-RAN With Imperfect CSI (2015)

In this paper, we investigate the network power minimization problem for the multicast cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN) with imperfect channel state information (CSI). The key observation is that network power minimization can be achieved by adaptively selecting active remote radio heads (RRHs) via controlling the group-sparsity structure of the beamforming vector. However, this yields a non-convex combinatorial optimization problem, for which we propose a three-stage robust group sparse beamforming algorithm. In the first stage, a quadratic variational formulation of the weighted mixed ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> /ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -norm is proposed to induce the group-sparsity structure in the aggregated beamforming vector, which indicates those RRHs that can be switched off. A perturbed alternating optimization algorithm is then proposed to solve the resultant non-convex group-sparsity inducing optimization problem by exploiting its convex substructures. In the second stage, we propose a PhaseLift technique based algorithm to solve the feasibility problem with a given active RRH set, which helps determine the active RRHs. Finally, the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) technique is adopted to determine the robust multicast beamformers. Simulation results will demonstrate the convergence of the perturbed alternating optimization algorithm, as well as, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm to minimize the network power consumption for multicast Cloud-RAN.
Engineering a Hollow Nanocontainer Platform with Multifunctional Molecular Machines for Tumor-Targeted Therapy <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> (2013)

In order to selectively target malignant cells and eliminate severe side effects of conventional chemotherapy, biocompatible and redox-responsive hollow nanocontainers with tumor specificity were fabricated. The mechanized nanocontainers were achieved by anchoring mechanically interlocked molecules, i.e., [2]rotaxanes, onto the orifices of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles via disulfide bonds as intermediate linkers for intracellular glutathione-triggered drug release. The [2]rotaxane employed was mainly composed of U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved tetraethylene glycol chains, α-cyclodextrin, and folic acid. In this study, folate groups on the mechanized hollow nanocontainers act as both the tumor-targeting agents and stoppers of the [2]rotaxanes. Detailed investigations showed that anticancer drug doxorubicin loaded mechanized nanocontainers could selectively induce the apoptosis and death of tumor cells. The drug-loaded nanocontainers enhanced the targeting capability to tumor tissues in vitro and inhibited the tumor growth with minimal side effects in vivo. The present controlled and targeted drug delivery system paves the way for developing the next generation of nanotherapeutics toward efficient cancer treatment.
Stability of the Latent Reservoir for HIV‐1 in Patients Receiving Valproic Acid (2007)

In light of a recent report that short-term treatment with valproic acid (VA) might accelerate the decay of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in patients receiving combination therapy and allow eventual eradication of the infection, we studied patients with prolonged suppression of viremia who were receiving combination therapy and who had also been receiving chronic VA therapy for neurological or psychiatric conditions. Latently infected cells were readily detected in all patients at levels comparable to those seen in patients receiving combination therapy alone. We conclude that the clinical use of VA has no ancillary effect on the decay of the latent reservoir.
Diffusion Kinetics in Radiation Chemistry. II. One-Radical-One-Solute Model; Calculations (1962)

The general diffusion-kinetic equations are applied to a one-radical-one-solute model of the radiolysis of dilute aqueous solutions. The validity of the prescribed diffusion approximation is examined. Results of calculations of the effect on the molecular and radical yields of the following parameters are given: solute concentration, solute depletion, shape of initial radical distribution, radical density, diffusion coefficients, and rate constants. Conditions under which a straight track of equal and equidistant spherical spurs can be replaced by either isolated spherical spurs or an axially homogeneous cylindrical track are examined.
Scanning tunneling microscopy studies of gold(111) derivatized with organothiols (1992)

Atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of various-sized organothiols adsorbed on Au(111) display a (√3 × √3)R30° structure, even when the ω-substituent size (4.3-13 Å) is so large that such a packing should not be possible. The observation of a (√3 × √3)R30° structure for thiols that should pack less densely suggests that the observed images are of gold electronic distributions that have been perturbed by the adsorbed thiol. © 1992 American Chemical Society.
Topical treatment of chronic low back pain with a capsicum plaster (2003)

The efficacy and tolerance of a capsicum plaster in non-specific low back pain was investigated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled multicentre parallel group study. A total of 320 patients were randomly assigned to two groups of n=160 subjects treated by the active or the placebo plaster. The main outcome measures used were a compound pain subscore of the Arhus low back rating scale (continuous variable), and a response criterion of a reduction in pain subscore=30% from baseline to final assessment (secondary, non-continuous variable). In addition, the partial pain scores, disability and mobility restriction subscores, the total score of the Arhus low back rating scale, the global evaluation of efficacy by investigator and patient, adverse events, a patient questionnaire on use of the plaster, and an evaluation of tolerance by investigator and patient were obtained. After 3 weeks treatment with capsicum and placebo plaster respectively, the compound pain subscore was reduced by 42% (capsicum) and 31% (placebo) from values on entry. Responder rate was 67% versus 49% (p=0.002). The investigators rated efficacy as "excellent" or "good" by 74% and 36%; the patient's efficacy rating "symptomfree" or "improved" reached 82% and 50%. Adverse local drug reactions were found in 12 patients (7.5%) on capsicum and 5 (3.1%) on placebo. No systemic side-effects were observed. The superiority of the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain with capsicum plaster compared to placebo was clinically relevant and highly statistically significant. The capsicum plaster offers a genuine alternative in the treatment of non-specific low back pain.
Preparation and Biomechanic Assessment of Fibrin-binding Amniotic Membrane (2008)

Objective To prepare the fibrin-binding amniotic membrane(FBAM),to test its biomechanical characters,and to discuss its feusibility and superiority as ocular surface repair material.Methods Fibrin was bound to amniotic membrane for FBAM preparation.After observing the morphology of FBAM using light microscope and scanning electron microscope,twelve films of FBAM were chosen at random to test their tensile strength using electronic universal testing machine.The bilayer amniotic membrane(BAM) and the monolayer amniotic membrane(MAM) were as controls.The test parameters included yield strength,tensile strength,elongation at break,elastic modulus and so on.Results The FBAM was obviously thicker than the BAM and the MAM.The FBAM tissue section showed that the fibrin bound to the amniotic membrane tightly.There was no gap between layers.FBAM tensile strength:(0.727±0.142)MPa,elongation at break:(24.130±4.523)%,elastic modulus:(1.283±0.482)MPa.The tensile strength and the elongation at break of FBAM were higher than those of the MAM and the BAM(P0.01).The elastic modulus of the FBAM was smaller than that of the MAM and the BAM(P0.01).Conclusion The FBAM composites has better biomechanical properties than the MAM and the BAM,showing the superiority as ocular surface repair material.
An All-Polyethylene Cementless Tibial Component (1990)

An all-polyethylene cementless tibial component was used in 221 total knee arthroplasties. With one exception, failures did not occur before three years. Failure was characterized by medial subsidence of the tibial component. There was abrasion of the polyethylene on the undersurface of all components that failed. Survivorship was seven to nine years (87.1%). This study demonstrated that a flexible cementless component can function well when used with any type of bone. However, abrasion of the polyethylene that occurs from shearing forces is a concern. Polyethylene components need adequate provisions to prevent shearing or need surface treatment to prevent abrasion.
Enantioselektive Synthese von <scp>D</scp>‐<i>threo</i>‐β‐Hydroxy‐α‐aminosäuren mit Titan‐Kohlenhydrat‐Komplexen (1989)

Die Addition des Glycinenolats an Aldehyde zu den Titelverbindungen 2 verläuft mit hoher Enantioselektivität und Diastereoselektivität, wenn das Titanat 1 als chirales Templat und Reagens fungiert (R* siehe die beiden vorstehenden Beiträge). Aminosäureester mit freier oder geschützter Aminogruppe sind problemlos zugänglich. magnified image
Quantitative Estimation of <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> DNA in Crown Gall Tumor Cells (1974)

Several reports suggest that Agrobacterium tumefaciens nucleic acids can induce transformation of the cells of susceptible host plants and that bacteria-free tissue cultures of transformed cells contain A. tumefaciens DNA, RNA, antigens, or bacteriophages. We assayed Vinca rosea tumor DNA for base sequence homologies with A. tumefaciens DNA by DNA.DNA solution enrichment and DNA.DNA filter saturation hybridization techniques. No homologies were found by either method. The filter saturation hybridization technique included model filters containing known percentages of bacterial DNA mixed with V. rosea leaf DNA. Using this sensitive technique, we found that no more than 0.02% of the crown gall tumor genome could be homologous to A. tumefaciens DNA. This upper estimate of homology corresponds to 0.2 bacterial genome equivalent per diploid tumor cell.
Reversible Compartmentalization of de Novo Purine Biosynthetic Complexes in Living Cells (2008)

Purines are synthesized de novo in 10 chemical steps that are catalyzed by six enzymes in eukaryotes. Studies in vitro have provided little evidence of anticipated protein-protein interactions that would enable substrate channeling and regulation of the metabolic flux. We applied fluorescence microscopy to HeLa cells and discovered that all six enzymes colocalize to form clusters in the cellular cytoplasm. The association and dissociation of these enzyme clusters can be regulated dynamically, by either changing the purine levels of or adding exogenous agents to the culture media. Collectively, the data provide strong evidence for the formation of a multi-enzyme complex, the "purinosome," to carry out de novo purine biosynthesis in cells.
Identification of Circulating Bacterial Antigens by <i>In Vivo</i> Microbial Antigen Discovery (2011)

Effective treatment of microbial infection is critically dependent on early diagnosis and identification of the etiological agent. One means for rapid diagnosis is immunoassay for antigens that are shed into body fluids during infection. Immunoassays can be inexpensive, rapid, and adaptable to a point-of-care format. A major impediment to immunoassay for diagnosis of infectious disease is identification of appropriate antigen targets. This report describes a strategy that can be used for identification of microbial antigens that are shed into serum during infection by the biothreats Burkholderia pseudomallei and Francisella tularensis. Termed InMAD (in vivo microbial antigen discovery), the strategy has the potential for application to a broad spectrum of microbial pathogens.
Apoptosis in Acute Shigellosis Is Associated with Increased Production of Fas/Fas Ligand, Perforin, Caspase-1, and Caspase-3 but Reduced Production of Bcl-2 and Interleukin-2 (2002)

Shigella dysenteriae type 1-induced apoptotic cell death in rectal tissues from patients infected with Shigella dysenteriae type 1 was studied by the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and annexin V staining. Expression of proteins and cytokines participating in the apoptotic process (caspase-1, caspase-3, Fas [CD95], Fas ligand [Fas-L], perforin, granzyme A, Bax, WAF-1, Bcl-2, interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-18, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in tissue in the acute and convalescent stages of dysentery was quantified at the single-cell level by in situ immunostaining. Apoptotic cell death in the lamina propria was markedly up-regulated at the acute stage (P < 0.05), where an increased number of necrotic cells were also seen. Phenotypic analysis of apoptotic cells revealed that 43% of T cells (CD3), 10% of granulocytes (CD15), and 5% of macrophages (CD56) underwent apoptosis. Increased activity of caspase-1 persisted in the rectum up to 1 month after onset. More-extensive expression of Fas, Fas-L, perforin, caspase-3, and IL-18, but not IL-2, at the acute stage than at the convalescent stage was observed. Increased expression of caspase-3 and IL-18 in tissues with severe inflammation compared to expression in those with mild inflammation was evident, implying a possible role in the perpetuation of inflammation. Significantly reduced cell death during convalescence was associated with a significant up-regulation of Bcl-2, Bax, and WAF-1 expression in the rectum compared to that in the acute phase of infection. Thus, induction of apoptosis at the local site in the early phase of S. dysenteriae type 1 infection was associated with a significant up-regulation of Fas/Fas-L and perforin and granzyme A expression and a down-regulation of Bcl-2 and IL-2, which promote cell survival.
Certificate Chain Discovery in Web of Trust for Ad Hoc Networks (2007)

In an ad hoc network, we cannot assume a trusted certificate authority and a centralized repository that are used in ordinary public-key infrastructure (PKI). Hence a PKI system of the Web-of-trust type in which each node can issue certificates to others in a self-organizing manner has been studied. Although this system is useful for ad hoc networks whose topology can change, it has the problem that for authentication a node needs to find a certificate-chain to the destination node. In this paper, we formally model a web-of-trust-type PKI system, define the certificate-chain discovery problem, and propose a new distributed algorithm and its modifications that solve the problem. Furthermore, we propose a measure of communication cost, and according to the measure, we compare our algorithm with an existing method.
What Microseismic Does and Does Not Indicate about Hydraulic Fractures (2011)

The rapid expansion of microseismic monitoring, particularly to image hydraulic fracture geometry, has resulted in increased awareness of pre-survey design studies in attempt to optimize the microseismic data. These design studies typically include estimates of the expected source location accuracy and the minimum expected magnitude of a microseismic event that could be recorded. However, a critical but often overlooked factor is the number of microseismic events that are expected to be recorded, which will impact the confidence of the interpreted hydraulic fracture geometry. This paper describes a method of predicting the number of events based on average relationships between magnitude and frequency of microseismic events as well as published seismic injection efficiencies, defined as the ratio of seismic energy to hydraulic energy of the injection. A test using hydraulic fractures in various fields showed that the prediction was well within an order of magnitude of the actual observed number of recorded microseismic events. The predicted number of events can be used in pre-survey design studies to attempt to ensure adequate microseismic data for hydraulic fracture interpretation.
Inhibition of bacterial attachment and biofilm formation by a novel intravenous catheter material using an in vitro percutaneous catheter insertion model (2018)

Using a novel in vitro percutaneous catheter insertion model, ChronoFlex C with BioGUARD is proven to significantly inhibit bacterial attachment and biofilm formation as compared with a commonly used polyurethane catheter material.
A Survey on Mathematical Modelling of Deposition in Waxy Crude Oils (2011)

Waxy Crude Oils (WCO’s) are characterized by the presence of heavy paraffins in sufficiently large concentrations. They exhibit quite complex thermodynamical and rheological behaviour and present the peculiar property of giving rise to the formation of segregated wax deposits, when temperature falls down the so called WAT, or Wax Appearance Temperature. In extreme cases, segregated waxes may lead to pipeline occlusion due to deposition on cold walls. In this paper we review the mathematical models formulated to describe: (i) wax cystallization or thawing in cooling/heating cycles; (ii) the mechanisms of mass transport in saturated non-isothermal solutions; (iii) the experimental device used to measure wax solubility and wax diffusivity; (iv) wax deposition in pipelines carrying a warm, wax-saturated WCO through cold regions; (v) wax deposition accompanied by gelification during the cooling of a WCO under a thermal gradient.
Analysis and Design of Direct Reference Feed-Forward Compensation for Fast-Settling All-Digital Phase-Locked Loop (2007)

A method for shortening of the settling time in all digital phase-locked loops is proposed. The method utilizes self monitoring to obtain the parameters necessary for feed-forward compensation. Analysis shows that by employing this technique both fast settling and good stability can be achieved simultaneously. Matlab and Verilog-AMS simulation shows that typical settling speed can be reduced to less than one tenth compared to a system without the feed-forward compensation, by merely employing the feed-forward compensation system. Further more a design example shows that this settling time can be decreased further to less than one fifteenth through design considerations when compared to a speed optimized phase-locked loop design system without direct reference feed-forward compensation.
Up‐regulation of gene expression by hypoxia is mediated predominantly by hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) (2005)

The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a critical role in cellular responses to hypoxia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate which genes are induced by hypoxia, and whether this induction is mediated by HIF-1, by expression microarray analysis of wt and HIF-1alpha null mouse fibroblasts. Forty-five genes were up-regulated by hypoxia and 40 (89%) of these were regulated by HIF-1. Of the 114 genes down-regulated by hypoxia, 19 (17%) were HIF-1-dependent. All glycolytic enzymes were strongly up-regulated by hypoxia in a HIF-1-dependent manner. Genes already known to be related to hypoxia, such as glucose transporter 1, BNIP3, and hypoxia-induced gene 1, were induced. In addition, multiple new HIF-1-regulated genes were identified, including genes involved in metabolism (adenylate kinase 4, galactokinase), apoptosis (galectin-3 and gelsolin), and invasion (RhoA). Genes down-regulated by hypoxia were involved in cytoskeleton maintenance (Rho kinase), mRNA processing (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 and splicing factor), and DNA repair (REV3). Furthermore, seven cDNAs from genes with unknown function or expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were up-regulated and 27 such cDNAs were down-regulated. In conclusion, hypoxia causes down- rather than up-regulation of gene expression and HIF-1 seems to play a major role in the regulation of hypoxia-induced genes.
Several new monoclonal antibodies directed to human T-cell leukemia antigens. (1982)

Murine monoclonal hybridoma antibodies were generated efficiently by using a human leukemia antigen preparation which was isolated from the cell membranes of MOLT-4 (a T-leukemia cell line) by means of a novel system. The generated monoclonal hybridoma antibodies were screened and characterized by a radioimmunoassay using a variety of cell specimens as targets. The results showed that the antigen(s) defined by several of these monoclonal hybridoma antibodies is associated with human T-cell leukemia and further suggest that this antigen(s) is a new type of human leukemia-associated cell surface antigen.
Ion Exchange (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIon ExchangeRobert. Kunin and F. X. McGarveyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 1, 104–109Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60085a017https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60085a017research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views139Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interleukin 12 is effective treatment for an established systemic intracellular infection: experimental visceral leishmaniasis. (1995)

When administered at or near the initiation of experimental intracellular infection caused by Leishmania major, Toxoplasma gondii, or Cryptococcus neoformans, treatment with the immuno-regulatory cytokine interleukin 12 (IL-12), induces protective antimicrobial activity. In contrast, once infections are established, IL-12 exerts considerably less or no effect in the face of a suppressive Th2 cell-associated response (L. major) or rapidly progressive fatal infection (T. gondii). To test the efficacy of IL-12 in an established intracellular protozoal infection but under quite different immunologic conditions (Th1 cell response, acquired resistance), L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice were treated starting 2 wk after challenge coincident with the onset of the Th1 cell response. In this environment, 7 d of IL-12 treatment reduced liver parasite burdens by 47%, an effect comparable to that induced by exogenous interferon (IFN) gamma. The in vivo mechanism responsive to IL-12 was complex, and required both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as natural killer cells and the action of multiple endogenous antileishmanial cytokines (IFN-gamma, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha). Early treatment with IL-12 before the expression of the Th1 cell response was also effective and induced an accelerated, near-cure response via an IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism. These results extend the antimicrobial-inducing capacity of IL-12 beyond prophylaxis by indicating that IL-12 can exert clear-cut therapeutic activity in an established intracellular infection.