gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The bZIP transcription factor LCR-F1 is essential for mesoderm formation in mouse development. (1997)

LCR-F1 is a mammalian bZIP transcription factor containing a basic amino acid domain highly homologous to a domain in the Drosophila Cap 'N' Collar and Caenorhabditis elegans SKN-1 proteins. LCR-F1 binds to AP1-like sequences in the human beta-globin locus control region and activates high-level expression of beta-globin genes. To assess the role of LCR-F1 in mammalian development, the mouse Lcrf1 gene was deleted in embryonic stem (ES) cells, and mice derived from these cells were mated to produce Lcrf1 null animals. Homozygous mutant embryos progressed normally to the late egg cylinder stage at approximately 6.5 days post coitus (dpc), but development was arrested before 7.5 dpc. Lcrf1 mutant embryos failed to form a primitive streak and lacked detectable mesoderm. These results demonstrate that LCR-F1 is essential for gastrulation in the mouse and suggest that this transcription factor controls expression of genes critical for the earliest events in mesoderm formation. Interestingly, Lcrf1 null ES cells injected into wild-type blastocysts contributed to all mesodermally derived tissues examined, including erythroid cells producing hemoglobin. These results demonstrate that the Lcrf1 mutation is not cell autonomous and suggest that LCR-F1 regulates expression of signaling molecules essential for gastrulation. The synthesis of normal hemoglobin levels in erythroid cells of chimeras derived from Lcrf1 null cells suggests that LCR-F1 is not essential for globin gene expression. LCR-F1 and the related bZIP transcription factors NF-E2 p45 and NRF2 must compensate for each other in globin gene regulation.
Amino acid sequence of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. (1990)

gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase catalyzes the first step in the synthesis of glutathione. The enzyme isolated from rat kidney has two subunits (heavy, Mr 73,000; and light, Mr 27,700) which may be dissociated by treatment with dithiothreitol. The heavy subunit exhibits all of the catalytic activity of the isolated enzyme and also feedback inhibition by glutathione. The light subunit has no known function and may not be an integral part of the enzyme. cDNA clones encoding rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase were isolated from a lambda gt11 cDNA library by immunoscreening with antibody against the isolated enzyme and further screening with oligonucleotide probes derived from several peptides whose sequences were determined by the Edman method. The nucleotide sequence of the mRNA for the heavy subunit was deduced from the sequences of the cDNA of three such clones. The sequence, which codes for 637 residues (Mr 72,614), contains all four of the independently determined peptide sequences (approximately 100 residues). This amino acid sequence shows extremely low overall similarity to that of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase isolated from Escherichia coli.
Face and eye tracking algorithm based on digital image processing (2002)

A non-invasive interface to track eye position using digital image processing techniques is under development. Information about head and eye position is obtained from digital images. The objective is to develop an interface to detect eye position based only on digital image processing algorithms, free of electrodes or other electronic devices. We propose a method for eye tracking built into five stages. These include: coarse and fine face detection, finding the eye region of maximum probability, map of the pupil/iris location and pupil/iris detection. Using frontal face images obtained from a database, the probability maps for the eye region were built. Only gray levels are considered for this computation (8 bits). The algorithms for face and eye detection were assessed on 102 images from the Purdue database and on 897 images from a video sequence. The face detection algorithm reached a 99% and 100% correct detection rate on the databases respectively. On the same databases the pupil/iris detection algorithm reached 85.3% and 98.4% of correct detection respectively.
An agent for simulating cognitive impairment in elders: work in progress (2014)

Assistive technologies for cognition are designed to help elders with various forms of cognitive impairment maintain an independent style of living for as long as possible. This work discusses the use of an agent simulation to model the behaviors of an elder with dementia in an effort to facilitate preliminary operational and performance testing of emerging assistive technologies.
High temperature wear testing of a Ni‐based superalloy pin on a cast iron disc (2013)

Abstract A pin‐on‐disc wear test rig is described, which allows to extract reproducible mechanical and microstructural wear data from very small sample volumes at temperatures up to 900°C. The friction and wear behavior of Alloy 80A against a cast iron is evaluated at temperatures from ambient to 800°C. The wear rate of Alloy 80A decreased with increasing temperature. This was attributed to the development of protective tribolayers, which prevented a direct contact between the two sliding partners. Energy Dispersive X‐Ray (EDX) mapping of surface wear products and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results for the evolution of subsurface microstructures are exemplarily presented for wear experiments performed for 10 min at 300°C (frequency: 20 Hz, load: 20 N, stroke: 1 mm). EDX investigations provide a good insight into material transfers and oxide layer generations during sliding wear. TEM‐micrographs revealed cell structure formation and very small nanograins directly beneath the surface.
WristRotate (2015)

In this paper, we present WristRotate, a personalized motion gesture delimiter that enables separation of non-relevant motion from gesture input. In an extensive data collection, we acquired 435.1 hours of smartwatch acceleration data during everyday usage. We implemented a gesture recognition system based on Dynamic Time Warping to partition a stream of accelerometer readings to identify possible gestures and to classify them accordingly. Through our analysis, we were able to identify a gesture that is (1) uncommon in daily life; (2) quick and easy to execute and (3) easily and reliably detectable. The gesture is executed by simply rotating the lower arm and wrist outwards and back inwards (twice).
What the Merchant-Guru Sold: Social and Literary Types in Hindi Devotional Verse (1992)

The sants of North India were devotional poet-singers who emerged in the fifteenth century from the lowest Indian social strata; by the eighteenth century, however, they also included many figures from middle Hindu castes. Characteristically rejecting the sanctity of the orthodox mythic images found in much Hindu devotional poetry, the sants had frequent recourse to images from mundane life. In their poetry, they transformed these images into types with broad universal meaning that undermined the religious significance of conventional Hindu social roles. To do this they often used yogic terms in literary ways. Although the sants' transformation of mundane images is a regular feature of their verse, its socioreligious significance changes with the sants' changing social status. The implication of the merchant imagery in songs by Paltii, an eighteenth-century poet from a trading caste, thus differs from that of corresponding images of earlier sants.
A 1.8 V LDO voltage regulator with foldback current limit and thermal protection (2009)

This paper introduces the design of a l.8 V low dropout voltage regulator (LDO) and a foldback current limit circuit which limits the output current to 3 mA when load over-current occurs. The LDO was implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology. The measured result reveals that the LDO's power supply rejection (PSR) is about −58 dB and −54 dB at 20 Hz and 1 kHz respectively, the response time is 4 μs and the quiescent current is 20 μA. The designed LDO regulator can work with a supply voltage down to 2.0 V with a drop-out voltage of 200 mV at a maximum load current of 240 mA.
Precipitable water observed by ground-based GPS receivers and microwave radiometry (2014)

The sensing of absolute precipitable water vapor (PW) by the Global Positioning System (GPS) and a Water Vapor Radiometer (WVR) is presented. The GPS approach requires a priori knowledge of the relationship between the weighted mean temperature of the atmosphere and surface temperature whose regression relationship is derived based on ten-year climatological data observed by radiosonde and surface meteorological instruments. Similarly, the WVR scheme needs a priori information of the relationship between sky brightness temperature and PW whose regression relationship is characterized based on the same set of climatological data. GPS-derived PW are compared with those observed by WVR and radiosondes. The GPS and WVR data were collected at the Taipei weather station of Taiwan Central Weather Bureau (CWB) from March 18 to 24, 1998. To obtain the estimates of absolute PW at the Taipei site, GPS data acquired from Tsukuba, Japan, at a distance of 2155 km from Taipei were utilized. It is found that GPS-derived PW agrees reasonably well with observations by the WVR and radiosondes. The average of GPS-derived PW is 3.38 cm with a standard deviation of 0.39 cm. The difference between the average GPS-derived and WVR-observed PW is 0.27 cm with a bias of −4 cm, while the difference between the average GPS-derived and radiosonde-observed PW is somewhat larger, 0.36 cm with a bias of −0.42 cm. These differences are larger than differences reported at higher latitudes in regions with lower average humidity.
Nootropic drugs: Animal models for studying effects on cognition (1984)

Abstract The term “nootropic” refers to compounds that act on cognitive functions. These drugs should facilitate learning and memory and prevent impairment of cognitive functions induced by diseases and brain insults. In animal models of impaired cognitive functions, the effects of several nootropic substances were investigated. Learning and retention in passive avoidance, and positive reinforcement paradigms were disrupted by hypoxia, cerebral ischemia and amnesia‐inducing agents. Piracetam and several other novel nootropic compounds were shown to improve performance in these animal models. These results indicate that experimentally induced cognitive dysfunction in animals can be attenuated with drug treatment.
Performance of iterative multiuser detection with a partial PIC detector and serially concatenated codes (2002)

An iterative multiuser detection scheme is proposed for a DS-CDMA system. The iterative multiuser detection has a partial parallel interference cancellation (PIC) detector and serially concatenated codes. Taking the expectation value of a coded bit, the partial PIC detector produces a metric which becomes an input to the decoders. It is shown that the proposed iterative multiuser detector has near single user performance as MAI is effectively cancelled out and a high coding gain is obtained.
Identification of a Kavain Analog with Efficient Anti-inflammatory Effects (2019)

Kavain, a compound derived from Piper methysticum, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. To optimize its drug properties, identification and development of new kavain-derived compounds was undertaken. A focused library of analogs was synthesized and their effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) elicited inflammation were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The library contained cyclohexenones (5,5-dimethyl substituted cyclohexenones) substituted with a benzoate derivative at the 3-position of the cyclohexanone. The most promising analog identifed was a methylated derivative of kavain, Kava-205Me (5,5-dimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-en-1-yl 4-methylbenzoate.) In an in vitro assay of anti-inflammatory effects, murine macrophages (BMM) and THP-1 cells were infected with P. gingivalis (MOI = 20:1) and a panel of cytokines were measured. Both cell types treated with Kava-205Me (10 to 200 μg/ml) showed significantly and dose-dependently reduced TNF-α secretion induced by P. gingivalis. In BMM, Kava-205Me also reduced secretion of other cytokines involved in the early phase of inflammation, including IL-12, eotaxin, RANTES, IL-10 and interferon-γ (p < 0.05). In vivo, in an acute model of P. gingivalis-induced calvarial destruction, administration of Kava-205Me significantly improved the rate of healing associated with reduced soft tissue inflammation and osteoclast activation. In an infective arthritis murine model induced by injection of collagen-antibody (ArthriomAb) + P. gingivalis, administration of Kava-205Me was able to reduce efficiently paw swelling and joint destruction. These results highlight the strong anti-inflammatory properties of Kava-205Me and strengthen the interest of testing such compounds in the management of P. gingivalis elicited inflammation, especially in the management of periodontitis.
Molecular imaging with optics: primer and case for near-infrared fluorescence techniques in personalized medicine (2008)

We compare and contrast the development of optical molecular imaging techniques with nuclear medicine with a didactic emphasis for initiating readers into the field of molecular imaging. The nuclear imaging techniques of gamma scintigraphy, single-photon emission computed tomography, and positron emission tomography are first briefly reviewed. The molecular optical imaging techniques of bioluminescence and fluorescence using gene reporter/probes and gene reporters are described prior to introducing the governing factors of autofluorescence and excitation light leakage. The use of dual-labeled, near-infrared excitable and radio-labeled agents are described with comparative measurements between planar fluorescence and nuclear molecular imaging. The concept of time-independent and -dependent measurements is described with emphasis on integrating time-dependent measurements made in the frequency domain for 3-D tomography. Finally, we comment on the challenges and progress for translating near-infrared (NIR) molecular imaging agents for personalized medicine.
Extended Range Proteomic Analysis (ERPA):  A New and Sensitive LC−MS Platform for High Sequence Coverage of Complex Proteins with Extensive Post-translational ModificationsComprehensive Analysis of Beta-Casein and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) (2005)

We have developed a new and sensitive LC-MS platform, Extended Range Proteomic Analysis (ERPA), which is able to achieve very high sequence coverage and comprehensive characterization of post-translational modifications in complex proteins. This new platform provides advantages of both the top-down and bottom-up proteomic approaches by combining (i) digestion of the protein with an enzyme, such as Lys-C, which cuts less frequently than trypsin, leading to on average a higher molecular weight peptide size, (ii) high-performance LC separation of the resulting fragments, (iii) a new data acquisition strategy using the LTQ-FTMS, a hybrid mass spectrometer that couples a linear ion trap with a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) cell, for analysis of peptides in the range of 0.5 to 10 kDa, and (iv) new data analysis methods for assigning large peptide structures and determining the site of attachment of post-translational modifications as well as structural features from the accurate precursor mass together with MS(2) and MS(3) fragmentations. The LC retention of the Lys-C fragments is increased, relative to a tryptic digest, due to the generally greater hydrophobicity of the larger peptides, a result that is particularly important for peptides containing hydrophilic modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation. Furthermore, additional positively charged arginine and lysine residues in the Lys-C fragments enhance the sensitivity of the post-translationally modified phospho- and glycopeptides by at least 10-fold relative to tryptic fragments. In typical operation, the FTICR cell provides a survey scan with the high mass resolution (> 100 000) and accurate mass (<2 ppm) to characterize the higher charge-state precursor ions of the larger peptides. In parallel, the linear ion trap provides MS(2) and MS(3) fragmentation spectra, with a scan speed sufficiently fast for on-line LC-MS. Together, these data provide multiple means to determine or enhance the confidence of assignment of large or complicated peptide. Using ERPA, we demonstrate >95% sequence coverage in the analysis of two heavily phosphorylated and glycosylated proteins, beta-casein at the 50 fmole level and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) at the 1 pmole level. In summary, the combination of digestion strategy, high-performance separation, and the hybrid LTQ-FTMS instrument enables comprehensive characterization of large proteins, including posttranslational modifications.
ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE* (2002)

*Reprinted from Polymer Modification: Principles, Techniques, and Applications; Meister, J.J., Ed.; Marcel Dekker, Inc.: New York; 2000, 273–291.
Detecting Cyber-Attacks on Wireless Mobile Networks Using Multicriterion Fuzzy Classifier with Genetic Attribute Selection (2015)

With the proliferation of wireless and mobile network infrastructures and capabilities, a wide range of exploitable vulnerabilities emerges due to the use of multivendor and multidomain cross-network services for signaling and transport of Internet- and wireless-based data. Consequently, the rates and types of cyber-attacks have grown considerably and current security countermeasures for protecting information and communication may be no longer sufficient. In this paper, we investigate a novel methodology based on multicriterion decision making and fuzzy classification that can provide a viable second-line of defense for mitigating cyber-attacks. The proposed approach has the advantage of dealing with various types and sizes of attributes related to network traffic such as basic packet headers, content, and time. To increase the effectiveness and construct optimal models, we augmented the proposed approach with a genetic attribute selection strategy. This allows efficient and simpler models which can be replicated at various network components to cooperatively detect and report malicious behaviors. Using three datasets covering a variety of network attacks, the performance enhancements due to the proposed approach are manifested in terms of detection errors and model construction times.
Changes in quality of life and disease‐related symptoms in patients with polycythemia vera receiving ruxolitinib or standard therapy (2015)

Ruxolitinib provides clinically relevant improvements in QoL and ameliorates symptom burden in patients with PV who are hydroxyurea resistant/intolerant.
Auf den Spuren von Hauptmanns <i>Florian Geyer</i> II (1943)

In seinem Ringen um einen neuen Stil des historischen Dramas auf naturalistischer Grundlage hat Gerhart Hauptmann die frühneuhochdeutsche Dichtung eifrig studiert. Bei Murner, bei Hans Sachs, beim historischen Volkslied, bei Gryphius hat er nach Wendungen und Redensarten gefahndet, die das Gewebe seines altertümelnden Satzbaus als stilecht und dauerhaft erweisen sollten. In dem bereits erschienenen Stück dieser Untersuchung ist das einschlägige Material zur Vergleichung vorgelegt worden. Daß aber Hauptmanns Belesenheit auf diesem Gebiet noch viel mehr umfaßt als die von mir angezogenen Bücher, wurde schon damals klar ausgesprochen. Inzwischen haben sich ein kleiner und ein großer Fund aus diesem Bereich eingestellt. Die sollen hier mitgeteilt werden, ehe wir den Hauptgegenstand dieser Abhandlung—das historische Schrifttum als sprachliche Quelle des Florian Geyer —in Angriff nehmen.
Building a bridge (1995)

The electric power industry today is an industry in transition to competition. New generating facilities are being built at costs well below the average embedded costs of many vertically integrated utilities. Consumers are demanding access to cheaper sources of power, and suppliers are demanding access to customer markets. Open access for tranmission facilities is the key to bringing lower cost power to consumers and to realizing the benefits of competition. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission`s proposed rulemaking on open access and stranded cost recovery seeks to provide that key. We propose to deal comprehensively with the changes underway in the electricity industry and to provide regulatory certainty to all those who participate in it. Our goal is to ensure a fair and orderly transition from regulation to competition, a goal our existing regulatory structure is not adequate to meet. Consequently, the question before us is not whether we need to amend our regulations; rather, we must focus on how to change our regulations to achieve that goal. The Commission`s proposed rulemaking works to enable all customers to reap the benefits of competitively priced power generation by requiring all utilities to file open access tariffs that give all customers access tomore » wholesale suppliers on a nondiscriminatory basis. But open access will not succeed without a fair transition cost mechanism. Consequently, utilities must be given an opportunity to recover the costs they incurred to serve their customers under the old rules. Open access and stranded cost recovery are inextricably linked: the first is unlikely to occur without the second.« less
Loading of porous metal–organic open frameworks with organometallic CVD precursors: inclusion compounds of the type [L<sub>n</sub>M]<sub>a</sub>@MOF-5 (2006)

The highly porous coordination polymer [Zn4O(bdc)3] (bdc = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate; MOF-5 or IRMOF-1) was loaded with typical MOCVD precursor molecules 1–10 for metals such as Fe, Pt, Pd, Au, Cu, Zn, Sn. Exposure of [Zn4O(bdc)3] to the vapour of the volatile organometallic compounds, e.g. ferrocene (3), resulted in the formation of inclusion compounds of the type [LnM]a@MOF-5, where [LnM] indicates the MOCVD precursor and a denotes the effective number of molecules per cavity of the MOF-5 lattice. The obtained inclusion compounds were characterised by C/H combustion analysis, determination of the metal content by atomic absorption spectroscopy, FT-IR and solid state NMR spectroscopy and by powder X-ray diffraction. The data prove that the host lattice and the guest molecules interact only by weak van der Waals forces without any change of the framework or the chemical nature of the included molecules. Rapid desorption is observed for small and comparably volatile compounds such as pentacarbonyliron or diethyl zinc. Less labile inclusion compounds were obtained for cyclopentadienyl complexes as guest molecules, e.g. a rather high loading of six molecules of ferrocene per cavity was observed. Careful hydrolysis/calcination of [Zn(C2H5)2]2@MOF-5 resulted in the composite (ZnO)2@MOF-5 pointing to the possibility to develop a subsequent chemistry of the embedded precursor molecules to yield novel nanocomposite materials based on MOFs as host matrices and MOCVD precursors in general.
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Vismodegib in Preclinical Models of Mutational and Ligand-Dependent Hedgehog Pathway Activation (2011)

These results suggest that even small reductions in vismodegib exposure can lead to large changes in antitumor activity and will help guide proper dose selection for vismodegib in the clinic.