gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacodynamic Measurements of 8-Methoxypsoralen in Human Skin (1997)

The efficiency of the epicutaneous microcirculation is important to the elicitation of pharmacological effects and percutaneous absorption of drugs. Laser Doppler flowmeter, chroma-meter and measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were used to assess the extent of skin blood flow, water loss and light absorption induced after topical administration of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). TEWL monitors barrier function directly, while the chromameter measures the light reflected by the skin. Irrespective of the concentration of 8-MOP applied, there is a good correlation between chromameter and evaporimeter readings. However, different drug concentrations elicited significant differences between laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and TEWL readings. The response measured with LDF was faster and greater when compared with the other measurements, suggesting that 8-MOP caused a rapid and intense response in skin blood flow. Superficial responses, such as those produced by light reflectance (chromameter) and transepidermal perturbations, were weaker following topical application of 8-MOP combined with UV irradiation (PUVA). This information may be important in delineating guidelines for the clinical practice and instrumental monitoring of topical 8-MOP. These observations suggest that LDF provides a useful, noninvasive physical technique to monitor skin after PUVA. However, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of physical measurements for evaluating the degree of the clinical vasoresponse produced by PUVA treatment.
ULTRASONIC WELDING OF DISSIMILAR-METAL COMBINATIONS FINDS GROWING APPLICATION IN STRUCTURAL, ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC FIELDS (1960)

A review is presented of ultrasonic welding techniques for joining dissimilar metals that are difficult or impracticable to join by conventional techniques. Applications to structural, electrical, and electronic fields are discussed. Ultrasonic bonds in bimetal combinations of hightemperature refractory metals and alloys such as molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, and precipitation-hardening stainless steels were produced and found to be of good structural integrity. (C.J.G.)
Computer-aided planning systems for integrated electronic and mechanical design (1993)

The data processing requirements that arise when integrating housing and circuitry by means of three-dimensional molded interconnection devices (3-D-MIDs) are addressed. An overview of these requirements is given, and promising steps for integrating the functionality of CAD systems for electronic (ECAD) and mechanical (MCAD) applications are described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Temperature determines post-harvest quality of spinach leaves after gamma irradiation (2014)

The relative importance of radiation dose, storage time, and temperature in radiation processing of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), was evaluated in terms of the postharvest quality through a model study using leaf disks. Physiological activity and chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured to represent the postharvest quality (in terms of external appearance) of spinach, a leafy green vegetable. At <TEX>$22^{\circ}C$</TEX> and <TEX>$30^{\circ}C$</TEX>, the higher gamma-radiation dose caused a greater decrease in the physiological activity, depending on the storage time of 4 d. However, this decrease was not significant at <TEX>$4^{\circ}C$</TEX> and <TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>. Total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were substantially decreased by 3 kGy at <TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>, and dose-dependently by 0.5-3 kGy at <TEX>$22^{\circ}C$</TEX>. In contrast, the proportion of lutein in total carotenoid was significantly increased in the 2-3-kGy samples only at <TEX>$22^{\circ}C$</TEX>, while that of <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-carotene was slightly decreased, indicating progression of leaf aging. These data suggest that the unfavorable effect of gamma irradiation on the postharvest quality of spinach could be avoided or controlled by the storage time or temperature rather than the radiation dose. The current study could be available to improve radiation processing of other leafy green vegetables.
Monitoring of Cerebral Autoregulation in Head-Injured Patients (1996)

Indices derived from spontaneous fluctuations of FV waveform and CPP describe cerebral vascular pressure reactivity. They correlate with outcome after head injury and therefore may be used to guide autoregulation-oriented intensive therapy.
The Similarity of the Action of Phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and Platelets in Blood Coagulation (1956)

It has long been thought that some lipoid sub- stance in platelets is responsible for their activity in the coagulation system in vitro, and this paper reports an attempt to identify its nature.
Limitation of immunoaffinity column for the removal of abundant proteins from plasma in quantitative plasma proteomics (2008)

In plasma proteomics, before a proteome analysis, it is essential to prepare protein samples without high-abundance proteins, including albumin, via specific preparation techniques, such as immunoaffinity capture. However, our preliminary experiments suggested that functional changes with use alter the ability of the immunoaffinity column. Thus, in this study, to evaluate the changes of the removal ability of abundant proteins from plasma by the immunoaffinity column, plasma proteome analysis was performed for the long-term test for the reproducibility of the affinity column using the fluorogenic derivatization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method combined with an IgY column. The specific adsorption for albumin decreased with an increase in the number of the column usage before its expiration date. Moreover, it was demonstrated that hydrophobic high molecular weight compounds in plasma adsorbed onto the column materials surface contributed to the functional changes from specific immunoaffinity adsorption into hydrophobic interaction. These results suggested that, in quantitative plasma proteomics studies, it is important to keep in mind the risk of not only the nonselective loss but also the changes in the adsorption ability of the immunoafinity column.
Scientific societies should speak out (2010)

I respectfully disagree with B. K. Ridley’s conclusions about the role of prestigious scientific societies in areas of major societal consequence (Physics Today, July 2010, page 10). Ridley argues that the Royal Society and the American Physical Society should have remained silent on the issue of climate change. My view is that not taking a position would be the height of social irresponsibility and a disservice to science.The political discourse on climate change needs to be informed by science’s best tradition of evidence-based consensus and openness to alternate interpretations. Unfortunately, a cacophony of vested interests has dominated the media and the blogosphere, often giving a false impression of balance by understating the breadth of support for the consensus opinion and overemphasizing dissenting views. The consequences have been serious for such international policymaking efforts as the unproductive 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen.If we had time to let nature run its course, we could trust the scientific process to sort things out. Unfortunately, in the case of climate change, many broadly accepted climate models predict dire economic and social consequences if governments and individuals do not take action.Scientific societies would be derelict by not speaking out once their internal deliberations determine that such consequences lie ahead. Individual scientists who disagree with the societies’ conclusions are free—in fact are obligated by scientific integrity—to put forward alternate interpretations. In that way, the societies and the individual dissenters would work together, to quote Ridley, “to serve and promote science.”I offer an example from medicine. According to Ridley’s logic, the American Medical Association and other medical societies should have remained silent as evidence grew about the harm caused by cigarette smoking. Had they done so, they would have violated their principles as healers, and millions of people would have lived shorter, less healthy lives.© 2010 American Institute of Physics.
Volatile Constituents of the Fruits of<i>Muntingia calabura</i>L. (1996)

ABSTRACT The volatile constituents of ripe fruits of Muntingia calabura L. were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS following isolation by vacuum distillation-extraction and steam distillation-extraction. A total of 42 compounds were identified in the vacuum distillation extract which was dominated by alcohols (44.7%), esters (26.5%) and carbonyl compounds (23.3%). Steam distillation-extraction resulted in the identification of 56 compounds, among which esters (31.4%), alcohols (15.9%), phenolic compounds (11.3%), sesquiterpenoids (10.6%) and furan derivatives (8.3%) were quantitatively significant. A potent odorant detected was 2-acetyl-l-pyrroline (1.3%). In both isolates methyl salicylate was the most abundant component.
A Healthy Approach to Classroom Computers: Preventing a Generation of Students from Developing Repetitive Strain Injuries (2001)

from 1993.12By 1998, U.S. public schools had one computer for every six students, a total of 7.4 million computers. 1 3In 1999, students spent approximately nine percent of their day at the computer in the fourth grade, ten percent during the eighth grade, and nineteen percent by the time they reached their final year of high school. 1 4The cost of implementing this computer technology is mind-boggling.In the 1997-98 school year alone, schools spent a staggering $2.1 billion on computer hardware." 5Yet the costs are even greater when viewed in the larger context-schools must be equipped to handle the costs of additional electricity, teacher training, and regular computer support and software updates. 6 Given the huge sums of money allocated to the use of computers in public schools, many critics, including education, medical, and computer specialists, have voiced their concerns. 17Their argument boils down to one simple question: if we are spending so much money, shouldn't we at least make sure that computers in the classroom are beneficial-or at the very least not harmful to children? 18 Laboratory, who argues that computers, particularly computer games, have increased 2001]
ELECTRODEPOSITION ON SUPERALLOY SUBSTRATES: A REVIEW (2016)

The present paper reviews various types of coatings, including platinum, platinum alloys, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, nickel, nickel alloys and composite coatings, on superalloy substrates using electrodeposition method. Attempts were carried out to represent an overall view of plating conditions and electrolyte and highlight the importance of the layer regarding to the performance of high-temperature coatings applied on superalloys, which is extensively used on gas-turbine components.
Sonar image enhancement via acoustic color (2004)

A novel method to enhance synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) images using the acoustic color of the returns from different targets is presented. The method enhances the SAS image using the internal absorption properties of targets in a way that enhances the differences between different types of targets (target signature). First, the algorithm detects the highlights in the sonar image as is found from the beam-formed processed image. These highlights represent edges of targets. Then the analysis is performed only at the echo returns which correspond to edges of targets. For each edge the raw data corresponding to the return from that edge is found. This data which has not yet been pulse-compressed using the pinging signal is analyzed using a detailed frequency representation. Then, the frequency representation of the pinging signal is subtracted from it so that a resulting frequency representation of the difference between the pinging signal and the returning signal is obtained. A normalization of the returned echo is performed before the subtraction to compensate for the lower energy of the returning echo. The same method can be extended to a more detailed analysis of internal structures of targets.
Energy dependence of lung phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis studied with CO hypoxia (1985)

The energy dependence of lung phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis was evaluated by measuring incorporation of radiolabeled precursor substrates by the isolated perfused lung during carbon monoxide (CO)-induced hypoxia. Ventilation with gases containing 75 or 90% CO (plus 5% O2 and 5% CO2) resulted in a mean decrease of lung ATP content by 29 and 53%, respectively, and a significant decrease of [U-14C]glucose incorporation into free fatty acids and the fatty acyl moiety of lung PC. [9,10-3H]palmitate incorporation into lung PC was also decreased by hypoxia but [methyl-14C] choline incorporation was unaffected. For disaturated PC, incorporation of all three substrates was significantly depressed during CO ventilation. These results indicate that lung synthesis of PC is inhibited by alterations of lung energy state. The reactions in lung PC metabolism that are inhibited by this degree of energy limitation are the de novo synthesis of fatty acids from glucose, the acylation of exogenous palmitate, and the remodeling of PC into disaturated PC by the deacylation-reacylation pathway.
A critical evaluation of the tumor-targeting properties of bispecific antibodies based on quantitative biodistribution data (2012)

Bispecific and bifunctional antibodies are attracting considerable interest as innovative anti-cancer therapeutics, but their ability to selectively localize at the tumor site has rarely been studied by quantitative biodistribution studies in immunocompetent animal models or in patients. Here, we describe the production of a novel bifunctional antibody, consisting of the F8 antibody (specific to the alternatively spliced EDA domain of fibronectin) fused to the extracellular portion of CD86 (co-stimulatory molecule B7.2). However, the fusion molecule was unable to target tumors in vivo. These data suggest that bispecific antibodies do not always localize on tumors and should therefore be characterized by imaging or biodistribution studies.
MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 transcoding (2002)

The MPEG-2 video compression standard is successfully adapted in the DVD and digital TV broadcast industries. The new MPEG-4 standard has much broader and ambitious perspective to support high and low bit-rate multimedia applications on existing and future networks. MPEG-4 aims to complement MPEG-2, not override it. Therefore, one can envisage that MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 will co-operate and coexist in a synergistic manner for a wide variety of application environments. This paper addresses the problem of transcoding MPEG-2 video content to MPEG-4 compliant video bitstream. The goal is to develop effective architectures and algorithms for efficient transcoding. We discuss two transcoding approaches: the pixel domain method and compression domain method. We discuss their details to facilitate their applications in different situations. We report simulations authenticate the performance of the proposed transcoding solutions.
Rashba Spin–Orbit Coupling Enhanced Carrier Lifetime in CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> (2015)

Organometal halide perovskites are promising solar-cell materials for next-generation photovoltaic applications. The long carrier lifetime and diffusion length of these materials make them very attractive for use in light absorbers and carrier transporters. While these aspects of organometal halide perovskites have attracted the most attention, the consequences of the Rashba effect, driven by strong spin-orbit coupling, on the photovoltaic properties of these materials are largely unexplored. In this work, taking the electronic structure of CH3NH3PbI3 (methylammonium lead iodide) as an example, we propose an intrinsic mechanism for enhanced carrier lifetime in three-dimensional (3D) Rashba materials. On the basis of first-principles calculations and a Rashba spin-orbit model, we demonstrate that the recombination rate is reduced due to the spin-forbidden transition. These results are important for understanding the fundamental physics of organometal halide perovskites and for optimizing and designing the materials with better performance. The proposed mechanism including spin degrees of freedom offers a new paradigm of using 3D Rashba materials for photovoltaic applications.
Reaction of hydrogen with alloys of magnesium and nickel and the formation of Mg2NiH4 (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReaction of hydrogen with alloys of magnesium and nickel and the formation of Mg2NiH4James J. Reilly Jr. and Richard H. Wiswall Jr.Cite this: Inorg. Chem. 1968, 7, 11, 2254–2256Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1968https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50069a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50069a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2666Altmetric-Citations963LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Low Bit Rate Coding Of Sparse Audio Spectra Using Frequency Shift And Interleaved Mdct (2007)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Poznan, Poland, 2007
Solving Integral Equations with Optical Metamaterial-Waveguide Networks (2017)

We propose a wave-based technique to solve integral equations of general format. We numerically show that designer metamaterial kernels combined with proper waveguide feedback networks operate as compact equation solvers, demonstrated via solving Fredholm equations.
Low-power embedded system for real-time correction of fish-eye automotive cameras (2012)

The design and the implementation of a flexible and cost-effective embedded system for real-time correction of fish-eye automotive cameras is presented. Nowadays many car manufacturers already introduced on-board video systems, equipped with fish-eye lens, to provide the driver a better view of the so-called blind zones. A fish-eye lens achieves a larger field of view (FOV) but, on the other hand, causes distortion, both radial and tangential, of the images projected on the image sensor. Since radial distortion is noticeable and dangerous, a real-time system for its correction is presented, whose low-power, low-cost and flexibility features are suitable for automotive applications.
Barrier coats versus inert atmospheres. The elimination of oxygen inhibition in free-radical polymerizations (1978)

The polymerization of UV-curable coatings that react by a free-radical mechanism is subject to oxygen inhibition which can be avoided by utilizing an inert atmosphere. We demonstrate that wax barrier coats used to prevent evaporation of volatile reactive monomers are equally effective in preventing oxygen inhibition. No quantitative difference is found between the degree and rate of polymerization in an inert atmosphere or with a wax barrier coating. However, when used above a given ceiling temperature, the wax barrier allows oxygen diffusion which inhibits cure.
A novel human small subunit of calpains (2002)

Typical calpains are heterodimeric cysteine proteases which have distinct large catalytic subunits (80kDa) but share a common small regulatory subunit (30kDa; css1). Here we report the identification, cloning and characterization of a novel human small subunit (css2) encoded by an intronless gene, capns2, located on chromosome 16. This new protein displays 73% sequence identity within the Ca2+-binding region but lacks two oligo-Gly stretches characteristic of the N-terminal domain of the conventional small subunit. css2 appears to be the functional equivalent of the conventional small subunit in vitro in that it helps the large subunit fold into the active conformation of similar Ca2+ sensitivity when the two proteins are co-expressed in Escherichia coli. The purification of various chimaeric rat 80kDa—human css2 constructs, on the other hand, shows that css2 binds the large subunit much more weakly than css1. Further, it does not undergo the autolytic conversion typical of the classical small subunit. The expression of this protein in vivo, as assessed from its appearance in expressed sequence tag clones, is rather limited, making it an example of a tissue-specific, rather than ubiquitous, small subunit.
Restoration of randomly blurred images (2010)

This thesis considers the restoration of images blurred by random point spread functions. The stochastic point spread functions are represented by the sum of a deterministic blur function plus an image-dependent noise term. The stochastic properties of such systems are studied. Several linear filters are derived. These filters are based on the following criteria: the Wiener, the minimum variance unbiased, and the constrained least squares. A filter based on the geometrical mean methodology is also presented. The popular Wiener filter, and the minimum variance unbiased filter have already been applied to this problem for the one-dimensional case. We generalize these filters to the two-dimensional case. These filters are found to give good restoration results when the blur and/or the additive noise effects are not severe. When either or both of the above conditions are not satisfied, numerical instability may occur. The constrained least squares filter does not suffer from such ill conditioning. However, the performance of this method needs to be manually controlled in order to yield good restoration results. The geometrical mean filter is formed by combining the modified Wiener filter and the constrained least squares filter. This filter gives the best restoration amongst the four linear-based filters because it does not have the shortcomings the other filters have. A nonlinear filter, the maximum a posteriori filter is also derived and implemented. Since the random blur effect is a nonlinear stochastic process, we expect the nonlinear filtering scheme to simulate the reverse of the blurring process more closely. The superiority of this filter over the modified Wiener filter is demonstrated by examples. In addition, the restoration of random time-varying blurred images is also discussed. The Wiener criterion is adopted. The solution of this problem involves the processing of a huge amount of multi-image data. To circumvent this problem we present two approaches to realize this Wiener filter. One is based on the Karhunen-Loeve transformation, and the other is a direct Wiener filter implementation. These two approaches give better results than that given by processing any single frame individually. Since image restoration involves computation of very large systems, The computational effort is an important factor to consider in the implementation of all restoration algorithms. By means of the circulant matrix approximation and the fast Fourier transform, our methods are implemented in the frequency domain. The computational efforts are reduced significantly.