gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Transient Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Eccentric-Tappet Pair (2002)

A full numerical analysis is carried out to simulate the thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of eccentrictappet pair. A comparison between the thermal and isothermal results is given. The influence of two surfaces moving in opposite directions on the pressure and film thickness profiles at various eccentricities is analyzed and explained using the mechanism of temperatureviscosity wedge. Especially, the pressure and film thickness profiles and the distributions of temperature and velocity under zero entraining velocity are detailed. As the results, the thermal effect in a working period of the eccentrictappet pair is ineligible. A considerable temperaturerising is observed at the contact zone under zero entraining velocity, while the fluids near the solid surfaces are characterized by nonflowing, which is attributed to the specific conditions of temperature and entraining velocity.
Storing Crossmatched Blood: A Perishable Inventory Model with Prior Allocation (1991)

The process of testing a sample of a patient's blood against units of blood from inventory to ensure compatibility is called crossmatching. When a physician orders blood, it is crossmatched and then held for a patient. As a precautionary measure, physicians tend to order blood in excess of the amount that is transfused (used by the patient). Consequently, a large proportion of blood held for a patient (often higher than 50 percent) is eventually not transfused. This leads to increased outdates. The effects of crossmatching on outdates are widely acknowledged, but have seldom been included in blood inventory control models. In this paper, we develop a model for determining outdates and shortages for crossmatched blood using generally accepted parameters, such as proportion of crossmatched blood that is actually transfused, and the number of days after which crossmatched blood is released if not transfused. This model can be used as a decision support system that allows the blood bank administrator to do sensitivity analyses related to controllable blood inventory parameters.
Calculation of bit-error probability for a lightwave system with optical amplifiers and post-detection Gaussian noise (1991)

The author's previously published results (ibid., vol.8, p.1816-23, 1990) which dealt with the bit-error probability of a lightwave communication system whose noise contribution was exclusively attributed to spontaneous emission noise of optical amplifiers are extended. The earlier theory was based on an NRZ (nonreturn-to-zero) modulation format with zero signal power assigned to logical zeros. The extension is based on the same mathematical technique but includes Gaussian noise originating after the signal has been converted to an electrical current. This noise could be thermal noise, shot noise, or a combination of both. It is no longer assumed that the pulse representing a logical one fills its time slot completely. Now, the optical pulses can be much shorter than the bit period (solitons), the power level of logical zeros need not vanish, and the thermal noise of the postdetection electronic circuit is taken into account.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cloud Transmission frequency domain cancellation (2013)

Cloud Transmission (Cloud Txn) is a spectrum efficient broadcasting system, which removes the co-channel interference through the use of robust forward error correction (FEC) codes. Nevertheless, the main drawback of this approach is that the system overall data rate is reduced. As a solution, the system proposes a spectrum overlay technology to increase data throughput while maintaining the robustness. The goal of this paper is to further explain and justify the spectrum overlay and corresponding frequency domain cancellation techniques.
Functional CD40 ligand is expressed on human vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages: Implications for CD40–CD40 ligand signaling in atherosclerosis (1997)

Increasing evidence supports involvement of inflammation and immunity in atherogenesis. We report here that CD40 ligand (CD40L), an immunoregulatory signaling molecule heretofore considered largely restricted to recently activated CD4+ T lymphocytes, is expressed by human vascular endothelial cells (EC), smooth muscle cells (SMC), and human macrophages in vitro, and is coexpressed with its receptor CD40 on all three cells types in human atherosclerotic lesions in situ. Cultured human vascular EC, SMC, and human macrophages all constitutively expressed CD40L mRNA as well as protein. Stimulation with interleukin 1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, or interferon gamma increased surface levels and de novo synthesis of CD40L on all three cell types. CD40L expressed on EC, SMC, and macrophages exhibited biological activity, as it induced B7.2 expression on B cells. Human vascular SMC also constitutively expressed CD40, the receptor for CD40L, and through CD40 signaling, human recombinant CD40L induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines in these cells, identifying SMC as a target for CD40L. Human atherosclerotic lesions (n = 8) showed expression of immunoreactive CD40L on EC, SMC, and macrophages, while normal arterial tissues (n = 5) contained no CD40L. In atheroma CD40L+ cells often also expressed CD40. These observations establish human vascular EC, SMC, and human macrophages as a novel source of CD40L, and point to T cell-independent CD40 signaling, and a broader function of this pathway in regulation of nonimmune cells, as illustrated here by potential autocrine and paracrine activation during atherogenesis.
Primaquine for Prophylaxis of Malaria: Has the CYP Sailed? (2013)

Primaquine (PQ) is widely used for the radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria in combination with chloroquine (CQ) and in some countries (mostly the United States) for presumptive antirelapse therapy (PART, or terminal prophylaxis) to prevent relapse caused by P. vivax or Plasmodium ovale .1 Although use of PQ for primary prophylaxis of malaria is not an approved indication by the US Food and Drug Administration, the US Centers for Dlisease Control and Prevention (CDC) has recommended PQ at a dose of 30 mg daily for use as primary malaria chemoprophylaxis in areas where the risk of malaria is predominantly due to P. vivax .2 PQ is an appealing option for primary prophylaxis use for several reasons. In addition to being generally well‐tolerated, due to its activity in the pre‐erythrocytic liver stage, it offers the option of a shortened post‐exposure dosing regimen of 7 days. Furthermore, when used as primary prophylaxis, PQ protects against relapse of P. vivax or P. ovale , obviating the need for PART.3

The efficacy of PQ as causal prophylaxis was established in trials conducted in several populations, including Indonesian migrants,4 Kenyan children,5 and Colombian soldiers.6 It should be noted that there have been no controlled trials to study the efficacy of this regimen in western travelers. In the Colombian soldiers, the population most similar to European nonimmune populations, PQ was found to have an efficacy of 89% [95% confidence interval (CI), 75%–96%] at preventing all malaria, although this was higher (94%, CI 78%–99%) at preventing malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum . In an observational study comparing PQ to mefloquine and doxycycline in …
In situ hybridization detection of single-copy human papillomavirus on isolated cells, using a catalyzed signal amplification system: Genpoint? (2001)

The performance and drawbacks of GenPoint, which is a catalyzed signal amplification system for immunohistochemistry, have been evaluated for its ability to reveal human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detected by in situ hybridization with biotinylated DNA probes. For this aim, formalin-fixed cell deposits from carcinoma cells of the uterine cervix, CaSki, SiHa, and HeLa, containing, respectively, 600 copies of HPV DNA type 16, 1-2 copies of HPV DNA type 16, and 10-50 copies of HPV DNA type 18, were used, and the GenPoint method (consisting of successive incubations with peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin, biotinyl tyramide, and peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin) was compared to immunoenzymatic revelation procedures involving either a one-step reaction (streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase or streptavidin-peroxidase), or a three-step reaction (anti-biotin mouse monoclonal antibody, rabbit anti-mouse antiserum, and mouse APAAP complex). In these conditions, after analysis with a bright-field microscope, GenPoint appeared the most sensitive method of revelation, easily allowing detection of 1-2 copies of HPV DNA on isolated cells by in situ hybridization.
Vaccine-Mediated Immune Responses to Experimental Pulmonary Cryptococcus gattii Infection in Mice (2014)

Cryptococcus gattii is a fungal pathogen that can cause life-threatening respiratory and disseminated infections in immune-competent and immune-suppressed individuals. Currently, there are no standardized vaccines against cryptococcosis in humans, underlying an urgent need for effective therapies and/or vaccines. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of intranasal immunization with C. gattii cell wall associated (CW) and/or cytoplasmic (CP) protein preparations to induce protection against experimental pulmonary C. gattii infection in mice. BALB/c mice immunized with C. gattii CW and/or CP protein preparations exhibited a significant reduction in pulmonary fungal burden and prolonged survival following pulmonary challenge with C. gattii. Protection was associated with significantly increased pro-inflammatory and Th1-type cytokine recall responses, in vitro and increased C. gattii-specific antibody production in immunized mice challenged with C. gattii. A number of immunodominant proteins were identified following immunoblot analysis of C. gattii CW and CP protein preparations using sera from immunized mice. Immunization with a combined CW and CP protein preparation resulted in an early increase in pulmonary T cell infiltrates following challenge with C. gattii. Overall, our studies show that C. gattii CW and CP protein preparations contain antigens that may be included in a subunit vaccine to induce prolonged protection against pulmonary C. gattii infection.
Phosphorylation determines two distinct species of tau in the central nervous system (1987)

The monoclonal antibody, Tau-1, which had previously been used to localize tau to the axonal compartment in brain has been reutilized for light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry following phosphatase treatment of tissue. We report here that a significant quantity of tau in the central nervous system is phosphorylated in situ at or near the Tau-1 epitope, preventing the binding of the Tau-1 antibody. Upon removal of this/these phosphate group(s), however, Tau-1 was observed in the somatodendritic compartment of neurons as well as in axons. Furthermore, intense staining was also observed in astrocytes and in perineuronal glial cells. This immunoreactivity was present along the lengths of microtubules and on ribosomes (polysomes). Treatment of immunoblots of extracts of whole cerebral cortex with phosphatase confirmed the immunohistochemical results in that a 50-65% increase in Tau-1 binding to the tau region of the blot was noted. Moreover, a novel monoclonal antibody, Tau-2, was also used in these experiments. This antibody binds only to tau and localizes along microtubules in axons, somata, dendrites, and astrocytes and on ribosomes (polysomes) without phosphatase pretreatment.
Viral Paratransgenesis in the Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae (2008)

Paratransgenesis, the genetic manipulation of insect symbiotic microorganisms, is being considered as a potential method to control vector-borne diseases such as malaria. The feasibility of paratransgenic malaria control has been hampered by the lack of candidate symbiotic microorganisms for the major vector Anopheles gambiae. In other systems, densonucleosis viruses (DNVs) are attractive agents for viral paratransgenesis because they infect important vector insects, can be genetically manipulated and are transmitted to subsequent generations. However, An. gambiae has been shown to be refractory to DNV dissemination. We discovered, cloned and characterized the first known DNV (AgDNV) capable of infection and dissemination in An. gambiae. We developed a flexible AgDNV-based expression vector to express any gene of interest in An. gambiae using a two-plasmid helper-transducer system. To demonstrate proof-of-concept of the viral paratransgenesis strategy, we used this system to transduce expression of an exogenous gene (enhanced green fluorescent protein; EGFP) in An. gambiae mosquitoes. Wild-type and EGFP-transducing AgDNV virions were highly infectious to An. gambiae larvae, disseminated to and expressed EGFP in epidemiologically relevant adult tissues such as midgut, fat body and ovaries and were transmitted to subsequent mosquito generations. These proof-of-principle data suggest that AgDNV could be used as part of a paratransgenic malaria control strategy by transduction of anti-Plasmodium peptides or insect-specific toxins in Anopheles mosquitoes. AgDNV will also be extremely valuable as an effective and easy-to-use laboratory tool for transient gene expression or RNAi in An. gambiae.
Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of <scp>d</scp>-Glucose Derived α,β-Unsaturated Ester:  Synthesis of Azepane and Nojirimycin Analogues (2004)

The asymmetric dihydroxylation of a d-glucose derived alpha,beta-unsaturated ester 3 afforded syn vicinal diols in good to high diastereoselectivity. The conversion of these vicinal diols to the corresponding cyclic sulfate, regio-, stereoselective nucleophilic ring opening by sodium azide, and LAH reduction afforded amino heptitols 7a,b that were converted to azepane 1c,d and nojirimycin analogues 2c,d.
Study of solvent extraction for treatment of wastewaters from acetic-acid manufacture (1977)

Longer TTBF, Gleason Score 2-6 tumors, and STAD were predictive of longer PSADT. Even after adjusting for these factors in the capacity of their predictive properties for PSADT, STAD and observed PSADT continued to be significant independent predictors of FDM, CSS, and OS. STAD appears to have a pronounced impact on disease progression, probably the result partly of the prolongation of PSADT.
Scalable micro mechanical optical crossconnects (2002)

In this current period of rapid growth in communications networks, there is a clear need to upgrade the optical layer from a purely transport function. The only technology currently capable of meeting these connectivity and scaling needs is that of arrays of two axis MEMS tilt mirrors. We will present results from various micro-mechanical optical cross connects systems. The cross connect function is achieved using two-axis beam steering micromechanical mirrors which are electrostatically actuated.
New promising lithium malonatoborate salts for high voltage lithium ion batteries (2016)

Three new lithium salts, lithium difluoro-2-methyl-2-fluoromalonaoborate, lithium difluoro-2-ethyl-2-fluoromalonaoborate, and lithium difluoro-2-propyl-2-fluoro malonaoborate exhibit good cycling stability with high coulombic efficiencies in LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and graphite based half-cells and full cells.
Treatment of severe psoriasis with somatostatin: four years of experience. (1988)

Over a period of 4 years, 20 patients suffering from severe forms of psoriasis (erythrodermic, sub-erythrodermic, resistant generalized forms and/or forms associated with acute arthropathy) were treated with 96 h of continuous i.v. infusion of somatostatin (Stilamin, Serono) diluted in D5W at 250 micrograms/h. In addition to the usual blood chemistry parameters, circadian levels of growth hormone (GH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were measured before, during, and after therapy. Approximately 2-3 weeks after termination of therapy, erythrodermic and suberythrodermic symptoms had disappeared. In some patients, a few lesions of psoriasis vulgaris remained, although they were much less severe. Remission of acute arthropathy was impressive. Blood chemistry parameters were unchanged after therapy. Circadian levels of GH and EGF, normal before therapy, were significantly decreased after therapy. The infusion was well-tolerated. Infusion rates of greater than 250 micrograms/h caused only some complaints of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. During the 4 years, erythrodermic symptoms reappeared only in seven patients, three of whom were also arthropathic. After 6-8 months, they underwent a second course of somatostatin therapy with good results. The other patients are still able to control their disease with tar-based products alone or with low-dose 8-methoxypsoralen + UVA (PUVA) or UV therapy. The arthropathic patients control their symptoms with periodic low-dose nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug therapy.
Brain-like associative learning using a nanoscale non-volatile phase change synaptic device array (2014)

Recent advances in neuroscience together with nanoscale electronic device technology have resulted in huge interests in realizing brain-like computing hardwares using emerging nanoscale memory devices as synaptic elements. Although there has been experimental work that demonstrated the operation of nanoscale synaptic element at the single device level, network level studies have been limited to simulations. In this work, we demonstrate, using experiments, array level associative learning using phase change synaptic devices connected in a grid like configuration similar to the organization of the biological brain. Implementing Hebbian learning with phase change memory cells, the synaptic grid was able to store presented patterns and recall missing patterns in an associative brain-like fashion. We found that the system is robust to device variations, and large variations in cell resistance states can be accommodated by increasing the number of training epochs. We illustrated the tradeoff between variation tolerance of the network and the overall energy consumption, and found that energy consumption is decreased significantly for lower variation tolerance.
Bite force and oral function in complete denture wearers (1979)

Oral function was evaluated in complete denture wearers by using a questionnaire, clinical examination and bite force measurements. Ten patients with satisifactory and ten with unsatisfactory dentures were studied and six of the latter patients were reexamined 1 year after the insertion of new dentures. The bite force values were compared with those obtained in ten dentate controls. No significant differences in bite force were found between the satisfactory and unsatisfactory denture groups. Individual values varied much in both groups. The six patients re-examined were satisfied with their new dentures and thought they had improved chewing but no significant increase of bite force was found. The maximal bite force was 5-6 times greater in the dentate subjects than in the denture wearers. Edentulous persons are very handicapped in masticatory function and even clinically satisfactory complete dentures are poor substitutes for natural teeth.
Phosphatidylserine affects specificity of protein kinase C substrate phosphorylation and autophosphorylation (1990)

Protein kinase C substrate phosphorylation and autophosphorylation are differentially modulated by the phosphatidylserine concentration in model membranes. Both substrate phosphorylation and auto-phosphorylation display a cooperative dependence on phosphatidylserine in sonicated vesicles composed of diacylglycerol and either phosphatidylcholine or a mixture of cell lipids (cholesterol, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine). However, the concentration of phosphatidylserine required to support phosphorylation varies with individual substrates. In general, autophosphorylation is favored at intermediate phosphatidylserine concentrations, while substrate phosphorylation dominates at high phosphatidylserine concentrations. These different phosphatidylserine dependencies may reflect different affinities of particular substrates for negatively charged membranes. Increasing the negative surface charge of sonicated vesicles increases the rate of substrate phosphorylation. In contrast to the modulation exerted by phosphatidylserine, diacylglycerol activates protein kinase C equally toward substrate phosphorylation and autophosphorylation. These results indicate that both diacylglycerol and phosphatidylserine regulate protein kinase C activity in the membrane: diacylglycerol turns the enzyme on, while phosphatidylserine affects the specificity toward different substrates.
A Trust based Access Control Framework for P2P File-Sharing Systems (2005)

Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing systems have become popular as a new paradigm for information exchange. However, the decentralized and anonymous characteristics of P2P environments make the task of controlling access to sharing information more difficult, which cannot be done by traditional access control methods. In this paper, we identify access control requirements in such environments and propose a trust based access control framework for P2P file-sharing systems. The framework integrates aspects of trust and recommendation models, fairness based participation schemes and access control schemes, and applies them to P2P file-sharing systems. We believe that the proposed scheme is realistic and argue that our approach preserves P2P decentralized structure and peers' autonomy property whist enabling collaboration between peers.
AC electroosmotic pump with bubble-free palladium electrodes and rectifying polymer membrane valves (2005)

We present the design, test and theoretical analysis of a novel micropump. The purpose is to make a pump with large flow rate (approximately 10 microL min-1) and high pressure capacity (approximately 1 bar) powered by a low voltage DeltaV<30 V. The pump is operated in AC mode with an electroosmotic actuator in connection with a full wave rectifying valve system. Individual valves are based on a flexible membrane with a slit. Bubble-free palladium electrodes are implemented in order to increase the range of applications and reduce maintenance.