gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variable optical attenuator based on ion-exchange technology in glass (2005)

A thermooptic variable optical attenuator (VOA) based on the Mach-Zehnder interferometer principle was fabricated in glass by an ion-exchange technique. The thermooptical effect was reached via heating electrodes on the side of the Mach-Zehnder arms. The insertion loss of the device was 1 dB, the dynamic range was 38 dB, maximal power consumption was 138 mW, and the polarization-dependent loss (PDL) was 0.2 dB/0.6 dB at 10 dB/20-dB attenuations, respectively.
Fingerprint Alignment for A Minutiae-Based Fuzzy Vault (2007)

The fuzzy vault is an innovative cryptographic construct that uses error correction techniques to compensate for natural biometric variation. For fingerprints, the fuzzy vault can be used to compensate for the insertion and deletion of minutiae between samples, within the cryptographic framework. However, fingerprint biometrics also suffer from the problem that samples at enrolment and verification cannot be captured and recorded within a universally agreed frame of reference. There is currently no efficient fingerprint pre-alignment technique that also protects the template. In this paper we propose a pre-alignment algorithm that incorporates quantifiable template protection and explore the suitability of three minutiae-based structures for the algorithm. We find that one of the structures is strongly suitable with respect to the goals of our pre-alignment algorithm and its impact on the false non-match rate of an overall system is quantified. Our research also clarifies the key characteristics required from minutiae-based structures for high performance.
Error and flow control performance of a high speed protocol (1993)

The performance of the SNR protocol of A. N. Netravali et al. (1990) is studied when it is implemented for end-to-end flow and error control. Using a combination of analysis and simulation, the efficiency with which this protocol uses the network bandwidth and its achievable throughput is evaluated as a function of certain network and protocol parameters. The protocol is enhanced by introducing two windows to decouple the two functions of receiver flow control and network congestion control. This enhancement and the original protocol are compared with go-back-N (GBN) and one-at-a-time-selective-repeat (OSR) retransmission procedures, are shown to have significantly higher throughput for a wide range of network conditions. As an example, for a virtual circuit with 60-ms roundtrip delay and 10/sup -8/ bit error rate, in order to deliver 500 Mb/s throughput, both the GBN and OSR require a raw transmission bandwidth of approximately 800 Mb/s, whereas SNR with two windows needs slightly higher than 500 Mb/s raw bandwidth. Periodic exchange of state can also provide a variety of measures for congestion control in a timely and accurate fashion.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Birds World: a coupled artificial neural network and expert system (CANNES) architecture (1989)

Summary form only given, as follows. The backpropagation neural networks and an expert system are coupled in the system 'Birds World' for pattern classification. This system fully utilizes both aural and visual data from birds to perform classification tasks at two levels of recognition. The neural network performs an initial classification that is validated by the expert system. Once accepted, the expert system applies its knowledge base for further discrimination within the class. This system optimizes classification performance by incorporating reasoning capabilities for validation as well as for providing further decision support to the neural network. The benefit to the expert system is reflected in a low-overhead base of simple, noncomputational rules.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Chemical Approach for the Detection of Protein Sulfinylation (2015)

Protein sulfinic acids are formed by the reaction of reactive oxygen species with protein thiols. Sulfinic acid formation has long been considered an irreversible state of oxidation and is associated with high cellular oxidative stress. Increasing evidence, however, indicates that cysteine is oxidized to sulfinic acid in cells to a greater extent, and is more controlled, than first thought. The discovery of sulfiredoxin has demonstrated that cysteine sulfinic acid can be reversed, pointing to a vast array of potential implications for redox biology. Identification of the site of protein sulfinylation is crucial in clarifying the physiological and pathological effects of post-translational modifications. Currently, the only methods for detection of sulfinic acids involve mass spectroscopy and the use of specific antibodies. However, these methodologies are not suitable for proteomic studies. Herein, we report the first probe for detection of protein sulfinylation, NO-Bio, which combines a C-nitroso warhead for rapid labeling of sulfinic acid with a biotin handle. Based on this new tool, we developed a selective two-step approach. In the first, a sulfhydryl-reactive compound is introduced to selectively block free cysteine residues. Thereafter, the sample is treated with NO-Bio to label sulfinic acids. This new technology represents a rapid, selective, and general technology for sulfinic acid detection in biological samples. As proof of our concept, we also evaluated protein sulfinylation levels in various human lung tumor tissue lysates. Our preliminary results suggest that cancer tissues generally have higher levels of sulfinylation in comparison to matched normal tissues. A new ability to monitor protein sulfinylation directly should greatly expand the impact of sulfinic acid as a post-translational modification.
REGULATION OF NEWLY EVOLVED ENZYMES. IV. DIRECTED EVOLUTION OF THE <i>EBG</i> REPRESSOR (1978)

In Escherichia coli, the wild-type repressor of ebg (evolved beta-galactosidase) enzyme synthesis, specified by the ebgR+ gene, responds very weakly to lactulose (fructose-beta-D-galactopyranoside). Selection for a functional repressor that responds strongly to lactulose as an inducer reveals the existence of ebgR+L mutants, which occur spontaneously at a frequency of about 2 X 10(-10) . EBGR+L mutants are pleiotropic in that they specify ebg repressor with a greatly increased response to lactulose, lactose, galactose-arabinoside and methyl-galactoside as inducers. Selection of ebgR+L mutants is discussed within the framework of directed evolution of a regulatory function.
Positive Inotropic and Vasodilating Effects of Amrinone and Milrinone in Isolated Canine Heart (1987)

Summary: The question has been raised whether the in vivo positive inotropic effect of amrinone and milrinone is a primary effect or secondary to vasodilation. The effects of each drug on isolated trabeculae and resistance vessels obtained from the same dog hearts were determined separately. The positive inotropic and vasodilatory effects coincided over the same concentration range for amrinone. The active isometric force of trabeculae and resistance vessels was increased, and respectively decreased by 20% at comparable concentrations of amrinone–20% ED (effective dose) ranging between 9.5 and 18 μM. By contrast, the vasodilatory properties of milrinone (20% ED, 15–34 μM) appeared only at concentrations at which milrinone had already evoked a maximal positive inotropic response in trabecular muscle (20% ED, 0.36–0.38 μM). Based on the present experiments and their limitations, it would thus appear that, in the intact heart and at therapeutic doses, positive inotropic and vasodilatory effects may be equally present for amrinone, whereas, for milrinone, the positive inotropic effect would largely predominate the vasodilatory effect.
Energy Measurement Tools for Ultrascale Computing: A Survey (2015)

With energy efficiency one of the main challenges on the way towards ultrascale systems, there is great need for access to high-quality energy consumption data. Such data would enable researchers and designers to pinpoint energy inefficiencies at all levels of the computing stack, from whole nodes down to critical regions of code. However, measurement capabilities are often missing, and significantly differ between platforms where they exist. A standard is yet to be established. To that end, this paper attempts an extensive survey of energy measurement tools currently available at both the hardware and software level, comparing their features with respect to energy monitoring.
Comparison of Staphylococcus aureus From Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in US Emergency Department Patients, 2004 and 2008 (2011)

Similar to 2004, MRSA remained the most common identifiable cause of purulent SSTIs among patients presenting to a network of US emergency departments in 2008. The infecting MRSA isolates continued to be predominantly pulsed-field type USA300 and susceptible to recommended non-β-lactam oral agents. Clinician prescribing practices have shifted from MRSA-inactive to MRSA-active empirical antimicrobial regimens.
Response to Drs. J. Nick, K. Mann and A. Temple (1992)

Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, RP-10 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA Dept. of Dental Publich Health Sciences, SM-35 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Networked Control Systems: A Model-Based Approach (2005)

A networked control system (NCS) is a control system in which a data network is used as a feedback medium. NCS is an important research area; see for example [16] and [15, 18, 19]. The use of networks as media to interconnect the different components in an industrial control system is rapidly increasing, although the use of an NCS poses some challenges. One of the main problems to be addressed when considering an NCS is the size of the bandwidth required by each subsystem. It is clear that the reduction of bandwidth necessitated by the communication network in an NCS is a major concern. This can perhaps be addressed by two methods: the first method is to minimize the transfer of information between the sensor and the controller/actuator; the second method is to compress or reduce the size of the data transferred at each transaction. Since shared characteristics among popular industrial networks are a small transport time and a big overhead, using less bits per packet has a small impact on the overall bit rate. So reducing the rate at which packets are transmitted brings better benefits than data compression in terms of the bit rate used. In this chapter, we consider the problem of reducing the packet rate of an NCS using a novel approach called model-based NCS (MB-NCS). The MB-NCS architecture makes explicit use of knowledge about the plant dynamics to enhance the performance of a system. The MB-NCS was introduced in [11].
Delphi 3 Superbible (1997)

Getting started VCL basics TObject terminal descendants of TObject TRegistry and its descendants TList and its descendants TStream and its descendants Exception and its descendants TPersistent terminal descendants of TPersitent TCanvas TCollection, TCollectionItem and their descendants TDatalink and its descendants TGraphicsObject and its descendants TGraphic and its descendants TStrings and its descendants TComponent terminal descendants of TComponent TMenu and its descendants TCommonDialog TCustomImageList TDataSet TField TControl TGraphicControl terminal descendants of TGraphicGraphicControl TCustomLabel and its descendants TSpeedButton and its descendants TWinControl terminal descendants of TWinControl TCustomComboBox and its descendants TCustomHotKey and THotKey TCustomListBox and its descendants TCustomListView and TListView TCustomTabControl and its descendants TCustomTreeView and TTreeView TCustomUpDown and TUpDown TScrollingWinControl and its descendants TButtonControl and its descendants TCustomEdit and its descendants TCustomControl and its descendants appendix project CD.
Overexpression of the Heterotrimeric G-Protein α-Subunit Enhances Phytochrome-Mediated Inhibition of Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis (2001)

Plant heterotrimeric G-proteins have been implicated in a number of signaling processes. However, most of these studies are based on biochemical or pharmacological approaches. To examine the role of heterotrimeric G-proteins in plant development, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis expressing the Galpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein under the control of a glucocorticoid-inducible promoter. With the conditional overexpression of either the wild type or a constitutively active version of Arabidopsis Galpha, transgenic seedlings exhibited a hypersensitive response to light. This enhanced light sensitivity was more exaggerated in a relatively lower intensity of light and was observed in white light as well as far-red, red, and blue light conditions. The enhanced responses in far-red and red light required functional phytochrome A and phytochrome B, respectively. Furthermore, the response to far-red light depended on functional FHY1 but not on FIN219 and FHY3. This dependence on FHY1 indicates that the Arabidopsis Galpha protein may act only on a discrete branch of the phytochrome A signaling pathway. Thus, our results support the involvement of a heterotrimeric G-protein in the light regulation of Arabidopsis seedling development.
Accuracy of 177Lu activity quantification in SPECT imaging: a phantom study (2017)

Following the MIRD recommendations for data acquisition and reconstruction resulted in accurate activity quantification (errors <5% for large objects). However, techniques for better organ/tumor segmentation must still be developed.
High temperature sensing technology for applications up to 1000&#x00B0;C (2008)

This work reports on the research and development of high temperature (HT) thin electrodes for use in acoustic wave sensor platforms up to 1000°C. Previously developed thin film platinum (Pt) electrodes limits HT operation due to a de-wetting phenomena, which results in loss of Pt film electrical continuity and device failure above 650∓750°C. To address the problem, co-deposition of Pt/rhodium (Pt-Rh) alloys with zirconia (ZrO2) was used to fabricate HT-stable thin film surface acoustic wave interdigitated electrodes on langasite substrates. The resulting devices showed stable operation for over five months at 800°C. As temperature sensors, these devices have a sensitivity of 9.1 KHz/°C @800°C. In addition, ceramic silicon-alumina-nitrogen (SiAlON) overlayers were investigated to protect the sensor surface. The resulting devices enable harsh environment temperature and pressure sensors, for applications such as monitoring of jet engines, atmospheric re-entrance, and space exploration.
Downregulation of the serum response factor/miR-1 axis in the quadriceps of patients with COPD (2011)

Downregulation of the activity of the MRTF-SRF axis and the expression of muscle-specific microRNAs, particularly miR-1, may contribute to COPD-associated skeletal muscle dysfunction.
Rational Molecular Design of Stimulus‐Responsive Supramolecular Hydrogels Based on Dipeptides (2011)

Stimuli-responsive supramolecular hydro­gels comprising self-assembled nanofiber networks are attractive soft materials because of their potential application in materials science and bionanotechnology. Here, we describe a general strategy for the rational design of stimuli (redox- or photo-)responsive supramolecular hydrogelators by introducing stimuli-triggered degradation units into the N-terminal of a dipeptide. We also demonstrate that its coupling with glucose oxidase allows us to produce a glucose-responsive insulin-releasing gel matrix. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
STRENGTH OF SOIL-CEMENT AS A FUNCTION OF DEGREE OF MIXING (1955)

A LABORATORY INVESTIGATION IS DESCRIBED OF THE FOLLOWING VARIABLES INVOLVED IN MIXING PORTLAND CEMENT INTO A CLAYEY SILT: (1) UNIFORMITY OF SOIL AND CEMENT MIXTURE, (2) COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF THE RESULTANT SOIL-CEMENT, (3) TIME OF MIXING, AND (4) ACCUMULATIVE ENERGY REQUIRED FOR MIXING. MIXING WAS PERFORMED IN A PUGMILL-TYPE MIXER AND THE ENERGY REQUIRED FOR MIXING WAS AUTOMATICALLY RECORDED. SPECIMENS WERE COMPACTED IN THE HARVARD MINIATURE COMPACTION MOLD AND, AFTER CURING SEVEN DAYS, WERE TESTED IN UNCONFINED COMPRESSION. CEMENT CONCENTRATION THROUGHOUT THE SOIL-CEMENT MIXTURE WAS DETERMINED BY A RADIOACTIVE TRACER THAT WAS INCORPORATED UNIFORMLY IN THE CEMENT. DEGREE OF MIXING WAS MEASURED BY THE MIXING UNIFORMITY COEFFICIENT. RESULTS INDICATED THAT: (1) STRENGTH OF SOIL-CEMENT VARIES AS THE LOG OF MIXING UNIFORMITY, (2) STRENGTH VARIES AS THE LOG OF MIXING TIME, OR AS THE LOG OF ACCUMULATIVE MIXING ENERGY, UP TO THE ULTIMATE MIXING UNIFORMITY OF THE MIXER, (3) ULTIMATE MIXING UNIFORMITY AND MAXIMUM RESULTANT STRENGTHS ARE OBTAINED MORE RAPIDLY WHEN MIXING SLIGHTLY ON THE DRY SIDE OF OPTIMUM THAN ON THE WET SIDE OF OPTIMUM, (4) AT ANY GIVEN MIXING TIME, OR AT ANY GIVEN MIXING UNIFORMITY, THE STRENGTH OF SOIL-CEMENT MIXED AND COMPACTED SLIGHTLY DRY OF OPTIMUM IS GREATER THAN WHEN MIXED AND COMPACTED SLIGHTLY WET OF OPTIMUM, AND (5) THERE IS ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT IN MIXING, ESPECIALLY FOR THE CLAYEY SOILS.
Object tracking for retrieval applications in MPEG-2 (2000)

The work presented in this article describes a tool for object tracking, notes insertion, and information retrieval, applicable to MPEG-2 sequences. Maximum compliance with the MPEG standard is sought, so the added information is transmitted as side information without affecting the actual video-audio stream as defined in the MPEG-2 standard. Additional processing is added to a standard sequence, allowing for automatic tracking of one object across different groups of pictures. Results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of tracking objects with a good degree of precision. Features are included to alert the human operator when objects disappear, or must be considered lost, due to an excessive change in their shape.
R. A. McCance (1993)

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Bifunctional separator as a polysulfide mediator for highly stable Li–S batteries (2016)

The shuttling process involving lithium polysulfides is one of the major factors responsible for the degradation in capacity of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs).
Gravity measurement from moving platform by second order Kalman Filter and position and velocity corrections (2009)

Gravity measurement is an effective tool for oil and gas exploring. It is particularly important for gravity observation from moving platforms, especially for remote areas and offshore fields by aircraft, boat, ship, submarine, satellite, vehicle, etc. The measurement is complicated by difficulty to discern gravity from platform accelerations, nonlinearity, drift and dynamic angular movement. Presented solution is second order Kalman Filter, a recursive estimator that is applied to highly nonlinear measurement problems. The filter optimally combines data of three-axis gyros, accelerometers and platform position and velocity signals to provide accurate attitude and gravity measurement. Extensive simulations verified accuracy and robustness of proposed method for measurement form different vehicles in various dynamic environments.
Th1 (IL-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)) and Th2 (IL-10, IL-4) cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (1999)

We investigated the production of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-10 and IL-4 by PBMC from 24 patients with SLE and 10 healthy individuals. Basal and mitogen-stimulated (lipopolysaccharide and phytohaemagglutinin (LPS + PHA)) cytokine production was determined in a whole blood assay (WBA). Supernatants were collected and assayed with specific ELISAs. Although the IL-2 and IFN-gamma contents did not differ significantly between patients and controls under both conditions, statistically significant correlations were found between each cytokine and disease activity (SLAM index) after stimulation (respectively, r = 0.501, P = 0.01 and r = 0.631, P = 0.001). PBMC IL-10 production was significantly higher for patients than controls (P = 0.05), but no correlation between IL-10 levels and the SLAM index was obtained. IL-4 production was not statistically different between SLE patients and controls. For stimulated WBAs, the IL-10/IL-2 and IL-10/IFN-gamma ratios were significantly correlated with disease severity (P = 0.02; P = 0.001, respectively). Overall, our data suggest that SLE is characterized by an elevated production of IL-10, reflecting the basal state of activation of the immune system. During exacerbation of SLE, IL-2 and IFN-gamma are synthesized in larger amounts and may cause the tissue damage observed.
Optical design of a multi-resolution, single-shot spectrograph (2016)

Multi-object or integral field spectrographs today are recognized techniques for achieving simultaneous spectroscopic observations of different or extended sky objects with a high multiplex factor. In this communication is described a complementary approach for realizing similar measurements under different spectral resolutions at the same time. Herein is explained the basic principle of this new type of spectrometer, that is based on the utilization of an optical pupil slicer. An optical design inspired from an already studied instrument is then presented and commented for the sake of illustration. Technical issues about the pupil slicer and diffractive components are also discussed. We finally conclude on the potential advantages and drawbacks of the proposed system.
Endothelin ET <sub>A</sub> and ET <sub>B</sub> Receptors Cause Vasoconstriction of Human Resistance and Capacitance Vessels In Vivo (1995)

Selective ETB receptor agonists cause constriction of forearm resistance and hand capacitance vessels in vivo in humans, suggesting that both ETA and ETB receptors mediate vasoconstriction. Hence, antagonists at both ETA and ETB receptors, or inhibitors of the generation of endothelin-1, may be necessary to completely prevent vasoconstriction to endogenously generated endothelin-1.
Elastin Based Constructs (2011)

Elastin is a key structural protein found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of all mammals. As the dominant part of the elastic fiber, elastin confers the mechanical properties of resilience and elasticity essential to the function of elastic tissues. Elastin interacts with cells through specific biochemical mechanisms. This chapter considers the (1) mechanical and biochemical roles of elastin in elastic tissues and the subsequent disease phenotypes that result from the degradation and loss of elastin, (2) development and success of current elastin based biomaterials including sources of elastin for tissue engineering and their application, and (3) vascular constructs that our laboratory has developed from recombinant human tropoelastin. These constructs mimic the physical and biochemical properties of native elastin.
High‐order Stokes and anti‐Stokes Raman generation in CVD diamond (2004)

Abstract We report the first observation of nonlinear lasing effects – stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in synthetic polycrystalline diamond grown by the chemical vapor deposition technique. We classify this material as a promising χ (3) ‐active medium for new generation of Raman laser converters.