gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrodecarboxylation of Carboxylic and Malonic Acid Derivatives via Organic Photoredox Catalysis: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Insight (2015)

A direct, catalytic hydrodecarboxylation of primary, secondary, and tertiary carboxylic acids is reported. The catalytic system consists of a Fukuzumi acridinium photooxidant with phenyldisulfide acting as a redox-active cocatalyst. Substoichiometric quantities of Hünig's base are used to reveal the carboxylate. Use of trifluoroethanol as a solvent allowed for significant improvements in substrate compatibilities, as the method reported is not limited to carboxylic acids bearing α heteroatoms or phenyl substitution. This method has been applied to the direct double decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives, which allows for the convenient use of dimethyl malonate as a methylene synthon. Kinetic analysis of the reaction is presented showing a lack of a kinetic isotope effect when generating deuterothiophenol in situ as a hydrogen atom donor. Further kinetic analysis demonstrated first-order kinetics with respect to the carboxylate, while the reaction is zero-order in acridinium catalyst, consistent with another finding suggesting the reaction is light limiting and carboxylate oxidation is likely turnover limiting. Stern-Volmer analysis was carried out in order to determine the efficiency for the carboxylates to quench the acridinium excited state.
Tumor Necrosis Factor Modulates Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Phosphorylation and Kinase Activity in Human Tumor Cells (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine which induces cytotoxicity in some but not all tumor cells. Initial studies of five tumor cell lines demonstrated that TNF was able to rapidly (within 30 min) modulate tyrosine protein kinase activity of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors on tumor cell lines which were sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of TNF but not alter EGF receptor kinase activity in TNF-resistant tumor cells. Two tumor cell lines (ME-180 cervical carcinoma and T24 bladder carcinoma) which have been shown to express similar TNF-binding characteristics but differ in their sensitivity to the cytotoxic actions of TNF were chosen for further characterization. Treatment of TNF-sensitive ME-180 cells with 1 nM TNF resulted in a 3-fold stimulation of EGF receptor tyrosine protein kinase activity within 10 min which correlated with increased phosphorylation of EGF receptor protein itself. In addition, dose-response studies indicate that similar concentrations of TNF modulate both ME-180 cell growth and EGF receptor kinase activity. Treatment of TNF-resistant T24 cells showed that TNF had no significant effect on their growth, EGF receptor tyrosine protein kinase activity, or phosphorylation of EGF receptor protein although EGF receptor kinase activity was stimulated by EGF. Quantitation of receptors expressed on the surface of ME-180 and T24 cells demonstrated a 3-fold difference between the number of EGF-binding sites on T24 (100,000) versus ME-180 cells (300,000), suggesting the relative abundance of EGF receptor does not solely account for differential effects of TNF on EGF receptor activation in these two cell lines. Phosphoamino acid analysis of EGF receptor from 32P-equilibrated ME-180 cells demonstrated that TNF-induced phosphorylation of amino acids which was quantitatively similar to that of EGF but distinct from the effects of phorbol ester. However, unlike EGF, TNF was unable to stimulate EGF receptor kinase activity in ME-180 cell lysates. The kinetics of EGF receptor activation and the metabolic consequence of activation of EGF receptor activity by TNF appear to be distinct from those induced by EGF. These results suggest that TNF-induced modulation of EGF receptor occurs through a unique mechanism and may play a role in the cytotoxic actions of TNF.
Buddy systems (1977)

Two algorithms are presented for implementing any of a class of buddy systems for dynamic storage allocation. Each buddy system corresponds to a set of recurrence relations which relate the block sizes provided to each other. Analyses of the internal fragmentation of the binary buddy system, the Fibonacci buddy system, and the weighted buddy system are given. Comparative simulation results are also presented for internal, external, and total fragmentation.
Some observations on the estimation of muscle haemoglobin (1935)

Research Article| September 01 1935 Some observations on the estimation of muscle haemoglobin Rodger H. Watson Rodger H. Watson 1 1The Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1935) 29 (9): 2114–2121. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0292114 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share MailTo Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Rodger H. Watson; Some observations on the estimation of muscle haemoglobin. Biochem J 1 September 1935; 29 (9): 2114–2121. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0292114 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1935 LONDON: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1935 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Complete Genomic Sequence of 195 Kb of Human DNA Containing the Gene GABRG2 (2000)

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), as the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, plays an essential role for the overall balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition by acting on GABAA receptors, which are ligand-gated chloride channels. Impaired GABAergic function contributes to certain forms of epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's Disease, and other neurological disorders. In order to identify possible genetic features and to further study biological regulation of GABAA receptor genes whose promoter elements and sequence anomalies may contribute to epileptic disorders, as an initial step, we shot-gun sequenced a BAC clone, dj082c10 (195,909-bp in size), encompassing human gamma(2) subunit of GABAA receptor (GABRG2). It is, we believe, the first genomic sequence of the GABA receptor gamma subunit family. Four contigs were assembled from 2950 reads prior to gap in an average redundancy of eight folds over the entire region. The precision of the consensus sequence was predicted to be 99.999% after closing gaps and finishing weak regions. The nine exons of GABRG2 spans an 85-kb region that had 81 SINEs comprising 22.32%, and nine L1 elements comprising 3.40%, respectively. However, the density of L1 in the regions flanking GABRG2 gene (29.45% by 45 elements) is significantly higher than that within the gene. The length of GABRG2 introns varies in the range of 1.5 kb to 38.1 kb.
Optimization of Wi-Fi Access Point Placement for Indoor Localization (2013)

Abstract—The popularity of location based applications is undiminished today. They require accurate location information which is a challenging issue in indoor environments. Wireless technologies can help derive indoor positioning data. Especially, the Wi-Fi technology is a promising candidate due to the existing and almost ubiquitous Wi-Fi infrastructure. The already deployed Wi-Fi devices can also serve as reference points for localization eliminating the cost of setting up a dedicated system. However, the primary purpose of these Wi-Fi systems is data communication and not providing location services. Thus their positioning accuracy might be insufficient. This accuracy can be increased by carefully placing the Wi-Fi access points to cover the given territory properly. In this paper, our contribution is a method based on simulated annealing, what we propose to find the optimal number and placement of Wi-Fi access points with regard to indoor positioning. We investigate its performance in a real environment scenario via simulations. Keywords-Indoor positioning; Wi-Fi; Simulated annealing; MATLAB I.
Cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in childhood obesity: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance study (2016)

Obese children show evidence of significant cardiac remodeling and dysfunction, which begins as young as age 8. Obese children with concentric hypertrophy and impaired strain may represent a particularly high risk subgroup that demands further investigation.
Corticosteroids and Growth (1976)

One the most conspicuous effects of the glucocorticoid hormones is an inhibition of somatic growth in immature animals. In 1940, shortly after adrenocortical hormones became available for experimental purposes, Wells and Kendall observed that small doses of cortisone promptly suppressed growth in the rat,1 and in the ensuing "steroid era" clinicians soon recognized that inhibition of growth is a prominent and often distressing problem in children treated chronically even with relatively low doses of adrenal corticosteroids. By the early 1960's several careful clinical studies had shown that as little as 45 mg of cortisone2 or 6 mg of prednisone3 per . . .
Colorful humidity sensitive photonic crystal hydrogel (2008)

A colorful humidity sensitive photonic crystal (PC) hydrogel was facilely fabricated by infiltrating acrylamide (AAm) solution into a P(St–MMA–AA) PC template and subsequently photo-polymerizing. The color of the samples was sensitive to humidity; it could reversibly vary from transparent to violet, blue, cyan, green and red under various humidity conditions, covering the whole visible range. This could be attributed to the humidity sensitivity of the sample's stopband, with a maximum change of 240 nm resulting from the varying humidity. Furthermore, the color response showed good stability under cyclic humidity experiments. As-prepared PAAm–P(St–MMA–AA) PC hydrogel successfully combined the humidity sensitivity of PAAm and structure color of the PC template, which suggested a promising composite material as an economical alternative to traditional humidity sensors, and also provided a new insight into the design and development of novel composite functional materials based on a PC template.
Sustainable bisphenols from renewable softwood lignin feedstock for polycarbonates and cyanate ester resins (2017)

Alternative bisphenols, synthesized from lignin-derivable 4-<italic>n</italic>-propylguaiacol, show promising technical, sustainable and environmental advantages for various polymer applications.
Multimode Waveguide Components for Millimeter-Wave Integrated Circuits (2005)

In this paper, we report the results of an investigation of multimode, planar dielectric waveguides for integrated circuit application at millimeter wavelengths. Two multimode devices have been fabricated and tested using the inverted strip guide (ISG), and a comparison between the theoretical and experimental results is given.
Response to Imported Case of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever, the Netherlands (2009)

On July 10, 2008, Marburg hemorrhagic fever was confirmed in a Dutch patient who had vacationed recently in Uganda. Exposure most likely occurred in the Python Cave (Maramagambo Forest), which harbors bat species that elsewhere in Africa have been found positive for Marburg virus. A multidisciplinary response team was convened to perform a structured risk assessment, perform risk classification of contacts, issue guidelines for follow-up, provide information, and monitor the crisis response. In total, 130 contacts were identified (66 classified as high risk and 64 as low risk) and monitored for 21 days after their last possible exposure. The case raised questions specific to international travel, postexposure prophylaxis for Marburg virus, and laboratory testing of contacts with fever. We present lessons learned and results of the follow-up serosurvey of contacts and focus on factors that prevented overreaction during an event with a high public health impact.
[Computer-assisted irradiation planning in whole-body irradiation]. (1991)

Using a commercial system designed for external beam radiation treatment planning a simple method is described for calculating dose distribution in total body irradiation. Scaling factors are applied to keep the range of all distances within the limits preset for the routine use of the planning system. As an example the validity of the method is tested in the lung region which due to dose inhomogeneities is especially critical to an accurate dose determination. Comparing dose calculation and phantom measurements reasonable agreement is obtained.
Corrosion of Chromium Steels in Inhibited Acids (1987)

Abstract The performance of chromium steels was evaluated in acidizing environments of 15% or 25% HCl, with and without surfactant additives, by means of weight- loss determinations and electrochemical impedance analysis. Corrosion rates in 15% HCl were not linear with time, hence weight-loss measurements averaged over the exposure time may be misleading when interpreted against instantaneous corrosion rates obtained from impedance measurements. The electrochemical impedance data also provided valuable information on the mechanism of the inhibitor, the effect of acid concentration and the addition of surfactants. Commercially available inhibitor mixtures were found to protect 13% Cr steel during short term exposure, however the 25% Cr duplex stainless steel suffered selective attack of the ferrite phase irrespective of the presence of inhibitor.
Measurement of the extent of reaction of an epoxy–cycloaliphatic amine system and influence of the extent of reaction on its dynamic and static mechanical properties (1992)

Abstract An investigation was carried out into the effect of the extent of reaction on the mechanical properties, in a mixture of an epoxy prepolymer and a cycloaliphatic diamine, above the gel point. First, the most adequate technique to approach the extent of reaction was chosen between differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transformation infrared, and size exclusion chromatography. It was found that the differential scanning calorimetry gave a good estimate of the extent of reaction, measuring the glass transition temperature and using a modified DiBenedetto equation. Dynamic mechanical properties and static mechanical properties are shown to be highly dependent upon the extent of reaction. The β relaxation was found to be responsible for the fracture properties at room temperature through the changes in extent of reaction. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
HYPR-spectral photoacoustic CT for preclinical imaging (2009)

We have designed and built a prototype PCT (photoacoustic CT) scanner suitable for small animal imaging that acquires a sparse set of 128 photoacoustic, radial "projections" uniformly distributed over the surface of a hemisphere in response to optical absorption from a tunable, pulsed NIR (near-infrared) laser. Acquisition of a denser set of projections is achieved by rotating the hemispherical array about its vertical axis and acquiring additional, interleaved projections. Each detector in the array is a 3-mm diameter, piezo-composite with a center frequency of 5 MHz and 70% bandwidth. Spatial resolution is < 300 μm and nearly isotropic, owing to the array geometry. Preliminary results acquired at half of the allowable laser power and with no system optimizations show a low contrast sensitivity sufficient to detect a 350 nM concentration of a NIR-absorbing organic dye embedded in 12.5 mm of soft tissue. This scanner design will allow our group to take advantage of HYPR (HighlY constrained backPRojection) reconstruction techniques, which can significantly improve temporal (or spectral) resolution, without sacrificing signal-to-noise or spatial resolution. We will report how these accelerated reconstruction techniques can be implemented with this PCT scanner design. Using this approach, we may be able to achieve 100-ms temporal resolution for dynamic studies throughout a 20-mm-diameter imaging volume.
De la casa al partido y del partido al hogar (1946 - 1955) (2008)

De la casa al partido y del partido al hogar analiza las estrategias que empleó el peronismo para incorporar a las mujeres masivamente en la política. Además, cómo se conjugó la disyuntiva cultural entre “hacer política” y ocuparse de los “deberes femeninos”, es decir, el partido y el hogar, mientras el discurso oficial señalaba que la principal función de las mujeres era el cuidado de la familia. El artículo propone responder cuáles fueron las características del Partido Peronista Femenino que logró mayor cantidad de votos de mujeres en 1951, en la primera elección de la que participaron. Por otra parte, es una reflexión sobre la construcción del liderazgo carismático de Eva Perón, quien llevó a cabo esta organización política singular.
The Anticarcinogenic Potential of Soybean Lectin and Lunasin (2003)

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, generally exceeded only by cardiovascular disease in the developed world. The number of people diagnosed with cancer within the next few decades is expected to double. There will therefore be increased demand for novel diagnostic and medical therapies that use new non-traditional sources. Soybeans contain a variety of anticarcinogenic phytochemicals. Recently, there has been increased interest in the potential health benefits of bioactive polypeptides and proteins from soybeans, including lunasin and lectins. Lunasin is a polypeptide that arrests cell division and induces apoptosis in malignant cells. Lectins are glycoproteins that selectively bind carbohydrates; lectins are used in medicine in a variety of new applications. Additional research, including clinical trials, should continue to examine and elucidate the therapeutic effects, nutritional benefits, and toxic consequences of commonly ingested soybean lectins and lunasin.
Clustering of chemical structures on the basis of two-dimensional similarity measures (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTClustering of chemical structures on the basis of two-dimensional similarity measuresJ. M. Barnard and G. M. DownsCite this: J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1992, 32, 6, 644–649Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ci00010a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views635Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (825 KB) Get e-Alerts
A Lantern Fish, Hygophum benoiti (Cocco, 1838), washed ashore in The Netherlands (Pisces, Myctophoidei, Myctophidae) (1972)

A small Lantern Fish, Hygophum benoiti (Cocco, 1838), was washed ashore at the beach of the village of Zandvoort in the Netherlands. This is the first record of a member of the family Myctophidae in the coastal waters of the Netherlands, and the northernmost record for the species. The occurrence of the species in the northern part of the North Atlantic is discussed, and the specimen is illustrated.
Beehive: a software application for synchronous collaborative learning (2006)

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe Beehive, a new web application framework for designing and supporting synchronous collaborative learning. Design/methodology/approach Our web engineering approach integrates educational design expertise into a technology for building tools for collaborative learning activities. Beehive simplifies the development of the collaboration tools required to implement proven educational design strategies. The methodology consists of a framework model that has three abstraction layers: pedagogical techniques, patterns, and computer supported collaborative learning components. Findings Building eLearning systems that are informed by the educational research in design patterns, can lead to a better, richer and more flexible, infrastructure. Beehive's design enables teachers to design and use synchronous collaborative learning activities, either by using well tested research‐based learning designs or by creating their own. Research limitations/implications The system will need to be used by a large number of teachers and learners before evaluation and usability tests are possible. Originality/value The paper presents an integrated solution application that enables teachers and students to design and carry out synchronous collaborative learning activities in a very simple manner.
Power-Sharing Method of Multiple Distributed Generators Considering Control Modes and Configurations of a Microgrid (2010)

This paper describes the active power and frequency-control principles of multiple distributed generators (DGs) in a microgrid. Microgrids have two operating modes: 1) a grid-connected mode and 2) an islanded mode. During islanded operation, one DG unit should share output generation power with other units in exact accordance with the load. Two different options for controlling the active power of DGs are introduced and analyzed: 1) unit output-power control (UPC) and 2) feeder flow control (FFC). Taking into account the control mode and the configuration of the DGs, we investigate power-sharing principles among multiple DGs under various system conditions: 1) load variation during grid-connected operation, 2) load variation during islanded operation, and 3) loss of mains (disconnected from the main grid). Based on the analysis, the FFC mode is advantageous to the main grid and the microgrid itself under load variation conditions. However, when the microgrid is islanded, the FFC control mode is limited by the existing droop controller. Therefore, we propose an algorithm to modify the droop constant of the FFC-mode DGs to ensure proper power sharing among DGs. The principles and the proposed algorithm are verified by PSCAD simulation.