gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summarizing and mining inverse distributions on data streams via dynamic inverse sampling (2005)

Database management systems face the challenge of dealing with massive data distributions which arrive at high speeds while there is only small storage available for managing and mining them. Emerging data stream management systems approach this problem by summarizing and mining the distributions using samples or sketches. However, data distributions can be “viewed” in different ways. For example, a data stream of integer values can be viewed either as the forward distribution f(x), ie., the number of occurrences of x in the stream, or as its inverse, f −1 (i), which is the number of items that appear i times. While both such “views ” are equivalent in stored data systems, over data streams that entail approximations, they may be significantly different. In other words, samples and sketches developed for the forward distribution may be ineffective for summarizing or mining the inverse distribution. Yet, many applications such as IP traffic monitoring naturally rely on mining inverse distributions. We formalize the problems of managing and mining inverse distributions and show provable differences between summarizing the forward distribution vs the inverse distribution. We present methods for summarizing and mining inverse distributions of data streams: they rely on a novel technique to maintain a dynamic sample over the stream with provable guarantees which can be used for variety of summarization tasks (building quantiles or equidepth histograms) and mining (anomaly detection: finding heavy hitters, and measuring the number of rare items), all with provable guarantees on quality of approximations and time/space used by our streaming methods. We also complement our analytical and algorithmic results by presenting an experimental study of the methods over network data streams.
Immunologic evidence of a bone morphogenetic protein in the milieu intérieur. (1985)

Eighteen different groups of proteins have been identified in the organic matrix of bone. To date, seven have been identified in circulating blood. Several plasma proteins are found to accumulate in bone matrix. Two bone, carboxyglutamic acid rich proteins (BGP or osteocalcin) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) are measured by RIA in serum in the range of ng/ml. Of all matrix groups, the least abundant is BMP. Acting as a paracrine or local hormone, BMP induces perivascular connective tissue cells of bone marrow to differentiate into cartilage and bone. Neither the mechanism of action or target cells, nor the mode of transport of BMP in serum are known, but the immunologic activity demonstrates higher serum BMP RIA levels in growing children and patients with Paget's Disease than in normal adults. Serum BMP is remarkably low in postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis; serum anti-BMP antibody is correspondingly high. Although these observations are preliminary and based on a relatively small number of patients, the data suggest a working hypothesis that BMP and anti-BMP are bone tissue-specific parameters of normal and pathological bone physiology. The possibility of diagnosis of osteoporosis in the prefracture stage, and the prospects of evidence of an autoimmune response to the products of bone resorption, derived from the serum BMP anti-BMP ratio, warrant special investigation.
An Analytical Study on Casing Design for Stabilization of Geothermal Well (2012)

The casing has been used as a protective conduit during all phases of drilling operations and productions for the oil and gas industries. The casing is manufactured in various diameters, wall thicknesses, lengths, strengths, and connections. When the casing is designed, it has to be considered to withstand a variety of forces, such as collapse, burst, and tensile failure, as well as chemically aggressive brines. Once the casing is damaged, serious problems in geothermal well have been detected continuously. Therefore, this paper describes the casing design for stability of geothermal well to determine influence of casing parameters on the strength and load. In addition, the casing design program was developed. The estimated collapse, burst, tension and depth pressure can provide benefit in the casing design and completion method. This program provides a safety factor and predicts the casing stress more easily.
Semantic productivity and idiom comprehension (1994)

When people understand an idiom such as “spill the beans,” two kinds of meaning are simultaneously apprehended: the meanings of the words themselves and the idiomatic meaning. Standard models of language comprehension assume that the literal meanings of figurative expressions are rejected in favor of a nonliteral meaning. We propose an alternative approach in which literal meanings are systematically used to constrain the use and variation of conventional idioms and to generate novel idiom variants.
Experimental Bacteriophage Protection against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Abscesses in a Rabbit Model (2005)

In a rabbit model of wound infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus, 2 x 10(9) PFU of staphylococcal phage prevented abscess formation in rabbits when it was injected simultaneously with S. aureus (8 x 10(7) CFU) into the same subcutaneous site. Phage multiplied in the tissues. Phages might be a valuable prophylaxis against staphylococcal infection.
A novel porous network with interpenetrating topology (2008)

Abstract A new Co II coordination polymer with complicated topology, namely [Co(bpp) 2 Cl 2 ]n (1) (bpp=1,3‐bis(4‐pyridyl)propane), has been designed and synthesized based on flexible ligand under basic condition. The complex was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The Co II ions are linked into a 3D structure via bpp molecules. Four independent frameworks are related by translation along the c tetragonal axis in the usual interpenetration topology for diamondoid frames. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Control by sugar of Saccharomyces cerevisiae flocculation for industrial ethanol production (2006)

The goal of this study was to develop conditional flocculant yeasts for use in the alcohol fermentation industry. Promoters were constructed to completely repress gene transcription in the presence of sugar and to support strong expression after the exhaustion of this compound. A fusion of regulatory regions of the ADH2 promoter with the FLO5 core promoter was constructed to regulate the FLO5 gene. This construct was inserted into multicopy plasmids and transformed into laboratory strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whereby the transformed cells were selected by sedimentation from the bulk medium after sugar exhaustion, without decreasing ethanol production. The ADH2-FLO5 region was converted into an integrative cassette to disrupt the CAN1 gene in industrial yeast strains. Transformed cells became resistant to canavanine and demonstrated conditional flocculation. Although ethanol production was significantly decreased in the industrial transformants, this development reveals a promising technology for the substitution of centrifugation in industrial ethanol production.
Cloning of Shiga-like toxin structural genes from a toxin converting phage of Escherichia coli (1985)

The genes controlling high-level production of Shiga-like toxin (SLT) in Escherichia coli were cloned from the SLT converting phage 933J. This phage was isolated from a strain of E. coli that caused a foodborne outbreak of hemorrhagic colitis. The genes that convert normal E. coli to organisms producing high levels of toxin were cloned into the plasmid pBR328 and expressed in E. coli HB101. DNA restriction mapping, subcloning, examination of the cloned gene products by minicell analysis, neutralization, and immunoprecipitation with antibodies to SLT were used to localize the toxin converting genes and identify them as structural genes for SLT. Southern hybridization studies established that the DNA fragment carrying the cloned toxin structural genes had homology with the DNA of Shigella.
Pituitary-Interrenal Interaction in Zebrafish Interrenal Organ Development (2006)

To further elucidate pituitary adrenal interactions during development, we studied the organogenesis of the interrenal organ, the teleost homolog of the mammalian adrenal gland, in zebrafish. To this end we compared wild-type zebrafish interrenal development with that of mutants lacking pituitary cell types including corticotrophs. In addition, we studied the effects of ACTH receptor (Mc2r) knockdown and dexamethasone (dex) on interrenal development and pituitary feedback. Until 2 d post fertilization (2 dpf) interrenal development assessed by transcripts of key steroidogenic genes (cyp11a1, mc2r, star) is independent of proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) as demonstrated in aal/eya1and lia/fgf3 mutants. However, at 5 dpf lack of pituitary cells leads to reduced expression of steroidogenic genes at both the transcriptional and the protein level. Pituitary control of interrenal development resides in corticotrophs, because pit1 mutants lacking pituitary cells except corticotrophs have a phenotype similar to that of wild-type controls. Furthermore, development in mc2r knockdown morphants does not differ from aal/eya1 and lia/fgf3 mutants. Inhibition of steroidogenesis by mc2r knockdown induces up-regulation of pomc expression in the anterior domain of pituitary corticotrophs. Accordingly, dex suppresses pomc in the anterior domain only, leading to impaired expression of steroidogenic genes commencing at 3 dpf and interrenal hypoplasia via reduced interrenal proliferation. In contrast, negative feedback on pituitary corticotrophs by dex is evident at 2 dpf and precedes effects of Pomc on the interrenal primordium. These data demonstrate a gradual transition from early pituitary-independent interrenal organogenesis to developmental control by the anterior domain of pituitary corticotrophs acting via Mc2 receptors.
On the efficiency droop in InGaN multiple quantum well blue light emitting diodes and its reduction with p-doped quantum well barriers (2008)

Multiple quantum well (MQW) InGaN light emitting diodes with and without electron blocking layers, with relatively small and large barriers, with and without p-type doping in the MQW region emitting at ∼420nm were used to determine the genesis of efficiency droop observed at injection levels of approximately ⩾50A∕cm2. Pulsed electroluminescence measurements, to avoid heating effects, revealed that the efficiency peak occurs at ∼900A∕cm2 current density for the Mg-doped barrier, near 550A∕cm2 for the lightly doped n-GaN injection layer, meant to bring the electron injection level closer to that of holes, and below 220A∕cm2 for the undoped InGaN barrier cases. For samples with GaN barriers (larger band discontinuity) or without p-AlGaN electron blocking layers the droop occurred at much lower current densities (⩽110A∕cm2). In contrast, photoluminescence measurements revealed no efficiency droop for optical carrier generation rates corresponding to the maximum current density employed in pulsed injection measurements. All the data are consistent with heavy effective mass of holes, low hole injection efficiency (due to relatively lower p-doping) leading to severe electron leakage being responsible for efficiency droop.
Efficient Object Retrieval From Videos (2004)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Viena, Austria, 2004
A Theoretically Motivated Reduced Order Model for the Control of Dynamic Biped Locomotion (1987)

A new reduced order model of a biped locomotion system and its theoretical basis are presented based upon the concept of local feedback. It has been reported from physiological studies that local feedback at each articular joint exists in human motor control, and the authors have already studied from the viewpoint of control engineering that local feedback makes the total system robust. A theorem is presented by which two dominant modes are obtained by the application of local feedback at each articular joint in the biped locomotion machine and it is shown that these two modes correspond to inverted-pendulum modes. The reduced order model derived by using these two modes contains the effect of the motion of body and swing leg which is indispensable for the control of biped locomotion. It is shown that this model can approximate very well the original higher model in almost all walking phases containing start-up and stopping motions.
BEAM: A Randomized Phase II Study Evaluating the Activity of Bevacizumab in Combination With Carboplatin Plus Paclitaxel in Patients With Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma (2011)

The study did not meet the primary objective of statistically significant improvement in PFS with the addition of bevacizumab to carboplatin plus paclitaxel. A larger phase III study will be necessary to determine whether there is benefit to the addition of bevacizumab to carboplatin plus paclitaxel in this disease setting.
DIGITAL SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY WITH PLAGIARISM DETECTION FEATURE: SYSTEM ARCHICTETURE SPECIFICATION FOR A UNIVERSITY PORTAL (2010)

Faculty members, researchers and students from colleges and universities have been producing a great volume of scientific knowledge including papers, dissertations, thesis and reports, creating then a motivation for knowledge management in the academic context. The paper's objective is to propose the architectural specification of a digital library that is accessed by a university portal focused on the academic production management and dissemination. The prototype of a digital library with a plagiarism detection feature in Portuguese is presented within the paper. The digital library was deployed with an open source Content Management System (CMS). The paper presents the portal architecture and its development process, analyzing the usage of plagiarism detection features.
[Transplantation of amniotic membrane and amniotic membrane combined with limbal autograft for patients with complicated pterygium]. (2003)

Amniotic membrane combined with limbal autograft is more effective in the treatment of recurrence or pseudopterygium than amniotic membrane transplantation, and is able to inhibit fibrosis, reconstruct the ocular surface and promote the epithelial recovery, so as to improve the curative effect and decrease the recurrence.
A 1-V 9.7-mW CMOS Frequency Synthesizer for IEEE 802.11a Transceivers (2008)

A 1-V CMOS frequency synthesizer is proposed for wireless local area network 802.11a transceivers using a novel transformer-feedback voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for low voltage and a stacked frequency divider for low power. Implemented in a 0.18-mum CMOS process and operated at 1-V supply, the VCO measures a phase noise of -140.5 dBc at an offset of 20 MHz with a center frequency of 4.26 GHz and a power consumption of 5.17 mW. Its tuning range is as wide as 920 MHz (23%). By integrating the VCO into a frequency synthesizer, a phase noise of -140.1 dBc/Hz at an offset of 20 MHz is measured at a center frequency of 4.26 GHz. Its output frequency can be changed from 4.112 to 4.352 GHz by switching the 3-bit modulus of the programmable divider. The synthesizer consumes only 9.7 mW and occupies a chip area of 1.28 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Air-Sand Heat Exchanger for High-Temperature Storage (2011)

In view of rising energy prices and an increasing share of power generated by renewable energy sources, the importance of energy storage is growing. In the framework of this project, a thermal energy storage concept for solar power towers is being developed, in which quartz sand serves as a storage medium. Sand is suitable due to its properties such as high thermal stability, specific heat capacity, and low-cost availability. Compared with storages based on ceramic bodies, the use of sand promises to reduce costs of energy storage and thus to reduce the costs of electricity generation. In addition, the storage concept could be applicable in the steel industry. The central element of the storage concept is an air-sand heat exchanger, which is presently under development. This paper describes simulation results and measurements of the heat exchanger prototype. It includes sand flow behavior and experience with different porous walls as well as up-scaling options.
Simulating the Water Environmental Capacity of a Seasonal River Using a Combined Watershed‐Water Quality Model (2020)

Abstract The water environmental capacity (WEC) is an effective tool to solve the water pollution problem and achieve optimal water quality management. However, in a seasonal river, some important input data such as discharge and pollution concentration from river tributaries and lateral inflows are rarely available. This makes WEC calculating more challenging. In this study, the water environment system model that integrates hydrological process in the watershed and hydrodynamic water quality process in the river is proposed to compensate for the lack of data. Taking the Guishui River basin as an example, the SWAT and HEC‐RAS models were selected. The discharge and pollution concentration of ungauged tributary output from SWAT are used as the inputs of the water quality model HEC‐RAS. In addition, static and dynamic design hydrological conditions were used to calculate WEC. The model results basically agree with the observed data, and it was verified that the integrated water environment system model can be used to calculate WEC. The pollutant reduction targets of the tributaries under the monthly line‐fitting method are less than that under static hydrological condition. The obtained results could be used to support water pollution control and water quality management in the Guishui River basin.
Leptin Inhibits Bone Formation Not Only in Rodents, but Also in Sheep (2006)

Taken together, these data suggest that leptin controls bone formation after ICV application, leading to reduction of trabecular bone mass in sheep. Most importantly, however, they show that the central regulation of bone formation is not limited to rodents, but is also found in large animals, providing further evidence that bone remodeling in vertebrates is centrally controlled.
iSHELL: a 1-5 micron cross-dispersed R=70,000 immersion grating spectrograph for IRTF (2012)

iSHELL is 1.15-5.4 μm high spectral resolution spectrograph being built for the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Dispersion is accomplished with silicon immersion gratings in order to keep the instrument small enough to be mounted at the Cassegrain focus of the telescope. The white pupil spectrograph is designed to produce resolving powers of up to R=70,000. Cross-dispersing gratings mounted in a tilt-able mechanism at the second pupil allow observers to select different wavelength ranges and, in combination with a slit wheel and dekker mechanism, slit lengths ranging from 5″ to 25″. One Teledyne 2048x2048 Hawaii 2RG array is used in the spectrograph, and one Raytheon 512x512 Aladdin 2 array is used in a slit viewer for object acquisition, guiding, and imaging. About $4 million in funding has been provided by NSF, NASA and the University of Hawaii. First light is expected in about 2015. In this paper we discuss the science drivers, instrument design and expected performance.
An AES chip with DPA resistance using hardware-based random order execution (2012)

This paper presents an AES (advanced encryption standard) chip that combats differential power analysis (DPA) side-channel attack through hardware-based random order execution. Both decryption and encryption procedures of an AES are implemented on the chip. A fine-grained dataflow architecture is proposed, which dynamically exploits intrinsic byte-level independence in the algorithm. A novel circuit called an HMF (Hold-Match-Fetch) unit is proposed for random control, which randomly sets execution orders for concurrent operations. The AES chip was manufactured in SMIC 0.18 μm technology. The average energy for encrypting one group of plain texts (128 bits secrete keys) is 19 nJ. The core area is 0.43 mm2. A sophisticated experimental setup was built to test the DPA resistance. Measurement-based experimental results show that one byte of a secret key cannot be disclosed from our chip under random mode after 64000 power traces were used in the DPA attack. Compared with the corresponding fixed order execution, the hardware based random order execution is improved by at least 21 times the DPA resistance.
Association between B-cell receptor responsiveness and disease progression in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from single cell network profiling studies (2012)

While many prognostic markers in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia provide insight into the biology of the disease, few have been demonstrated to be useful in the daily management of patients. B-cell receptor signaling is a driving event in the progression of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and markers of B-cell receptor responsiveness have been shown to be of prognostic value. Single cell network profiling, a multiparametric flow cytometry-based assay, allows functional signaling analysis at the level of the single cell. B-cell receptor signaling proteins (i.e. p-SYK, p-NF-κB p65, p-ERK, p-p38, p-JNK) were functionally characterized by single cell network profiling in samples from patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in an exploratory study (n=27) after stimulation with anti-IgM. Significant associations of single cell network profiling data with clinical outcome (i.e. time to first treatment), as assessed by Cox regression models, were then confirmed in patients' samples in two other sequential independent studies, i.e. test study 1 (n=30), and test study 2 (n=37). In the exploratory study, higher responsiveness of the B-cell receptor signaling proteins to anti-IgM was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Patients' clustering based on signaling response was at least as powerful in discriminating different disease courses as traditional prognostic markers. In an unselected subgroup of patients with Binet stage A disease (n=21), increased anti-IgM-modulated p-ERK signaling was shown to be a significant, independent predictor of shorter time to first treatment. This result was independently confirmed in two test cohorts from distinct populations of patients. In conclusion, these findings support the utility of the single cell network profiling assay in elucidating signaling perturbations with the potential for the development of a clinically useful prognostic test in patients with early stage B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These data support the clinical relevance of B-cell receptor signaling in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and suggest a key role of ERK activation in the physiopathology of this leukemia.
Spatial Structure of a Two-Phase Solar Flare Observed in the EUV by OSO-7 (1973)

Soft X-ray and hydrogen alpha observations on the structure of a solar flare show the typical flare behavior - a rapid rise to maximum and a gradual exponential decay, with good time correlation between the soft X-rays and H alpha. The emission is identified by Fe XI ion, and the emitting region is contoured on EUV maps.
Tunable MEMS VCSEL on Silicon substrate (2019)

We present design, fabrication and characterization of a MEMS VCSEL which utilizes a silicon-on-insulator wafer for the microelectromechanical system and encapsulates the MEMS by direct InP wafer bonding, which improves the protection and control of the tuning element. This procedure enables a more robust fabrication, a larger free spectral range and facilitates bidirectional tuning of the MEMS element. The MEMS VCSEL device uses a high contrast grating mirror on a MEMS stage as the bottom mirror, a wafer bonded InP with quantum wells for amplification and a deposited dielectric DBR as the top mirror. A 40 nm tuning range and a mechanical resonance frequency in excess of 2 MHz are demonstrated.