gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Building your Business Case for the Industrial Internet of Things - Viewpoints on Innovation (2016)

You're wondering how to even get started with the Industrial Internet of Things, but there's a lack of testimonials, leading practices, or general consensus on where and how to approach these opportunities. Here's a structured three-part approach.
MeteorNet: Deep Learning on Dynamic 3D Point Cloud Sequences (2019)

Understanding dynamic 3D environment is crucial for robotic agents and many other applications. We propose a novel neural network architecture called $MeteorNet$ for learning representations for dynamic 3D point cloud sequences. Different from previous work that adopts a grid-based representation and applies 3D or 4D convolutions, our network directly processes point clouds. We propose two ways to construct spatiotemporal neighborhoods for each point in the point cloud sequence. Information from these neighborhoods is aggregated to learn features per point. We benchmark our network on a variety of 3D recognition tasks including action recognition, semantic segmentation and scene flow estimation. MeteorNet shows stronger performance than previous grid-based methods while achieving state-of-the-art performance on Synthia. MeteorNet also outperforms previous baseline methods that are able to process at most two consecutive point clouds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on deep learning for dynamic raw point cloud sequences.
Fecal Testosterone Levels and Reproduction Cycle in Male Red Panda ( Ailurus f ulgens (2003)

Fecal testosterones were analysed from four male red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) in Chengdu Zoo and Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding by radioimmunoassays from December 1999 to September 2000, to investigate the hormonal correlations to reproduction and reproductive behaviors. The results indicated that fecal testosterone concentration was obviously higher (P0.01) in reproductive season (from December 1999 to March 2000) than in non-reproductive season (from April to September 2000), and the fecal testosterone levels were closely correlated with reproductive aggression. In non-reproductive season, the reproductive behaviors such as scent marking, licking anogenital, licking marking, and bleating seldom happened when fecal testosterone concentration stayed in a relatively low at basal level. However, in reproductive season, these reproductive behaviors happened frequently when fecal testosterone level rose obviously. These imply that testosterone is the main physiological factor, which regulates seasonal changes of male red pandas' reproductive activities.
Approach to metric and discrimination of blur based on its invariant features (2013)

Blur metrics have been used in broad range of applications to quantify the amount of blur especially in images. The spatially varying blur due to defocus or camera shake is hard to estimate. It is observed that the existing blur metrics does not perform well for images having very few or many features. In this work, we present contrast based blur invariant features named as CBIF, which utilizes useful information available in different contrast levels. We further, used CBIF along with local standard deviation to formulate a no reference objective blur metric which shows better results compared with other existing blur metrics. Additionally, the proposed blur metric can be modified for perceptual quality assessment by implementing the scheme which takes advantage of a better correlation with human blur perception. Also, the blur metric can be modified to provide blur assessment in the presence of gaussian noise. The proposed metric is monotonic as well as accurate even for severely blurred images. The comparison of results with subjective scores of CSIQ and LIVE image databases also validated the superiority of our proposed metric over existing metrics. The applicability of our blur metric is also demonstrated for the assessment of JPEG distortions. The property of CBIF for being more sensitive to blur effected regions is also used for obtaining blur likelihood map which is further used in blur segmentation.
Patterns, frameworks, and middleware: their synergistic relationships (2003)

The knowledge required to develop complex software has historically existed in programming folklore, the heads of experienced developers, or buried deep in the code. These locations are not ideal since the effort required to capture and evolve this knowledge is expensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. Many popular software modeling methods and tools address certain aspects of these problems by documenting how a system is designed However they only support limited portions of software development and do not articulate why a system is designed in a particular way, which complicates subsequent software reuse and evolution. Patterns, frameworks, and middleware are increasingly popular techniques for addressing key aspects of the challenges outlined above. Patterns codify reusable design expertise that provides time-proven solutions to commonly occurring software problems that arise in particular contexts and domains. Frameworks provide both a reusable product-line architecture [1] - guided by patterns - for a family of related applications and an integrated set of collaborating components that implement concrete realizations of the architecture. Middleware is reusable software that leverages patterns and frameworks to bridge the gap between the functional requirements of applications and the underlying operating systems, network protocol stacks, and databases. This paper presents an overview of patterns, frameworks, and middleware, describes how these technologies complement each other to enhance reuse and productivity, and then illustrates how they have been applied successfully in practice to improve the reusability and quality of complex software systems.
Radiative Jet Experiments of Astrophysical Interest Using Intense Lasers (1999)

A high Mach number, radiatively cooled jet of astrophysical interest has been produced using intense laser irradiation of a gold cone. The evolution of the jet was imaged in emission and in radiography, and the temperature was measured with Thomson scattering. Comparison with numerical simulations shows that radiative cooling is a dominant mechanism in the collapse of the Au plasma jet on axis, with temperatures plummeting and peak densities increasing, each by an order of magnitude in $\ensuremath{\sim}\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{ns}$. In dimensionless terms, aspects of this jet are similar to radiative astrophysical jets.
The <i>Sg-1</i> Glycosyltransferase Locus Regulates Structural Diversity of Triterpenoid Saponins of Soybean (2012)

Triterpene saponins are a diverse group of biologically functional products in plants. Saponins usually are glycosylated, which gives rise to a wide diversity of structures and functions. In the group A saponins of soybean (Glycine max), differences in the terminal sugar species located on the C-22 sugar chain of an aglycone core, soyasapogenol A, were observed to be under genetic control. Further genetic analyses and mapping revealed that the structural diversity of glycosylation was determined by multiple alleles of a single locus, Sg-1, and led to identification of a UDP-sugar-dependent glycosyltransferase gene (Glyma07g38460). Although their sequences are highly similar and both glycosylate the nonacetylated saponin A0-αg, the Sg-1(a) allele encodes the xylosyltransferase UGT73F4, whereas Sg-1(b) encodes the glucosyltransferase UGT73F2. Homology models and site-directed mutagenesis analyses showed that Ser-138 in Sg-1(a) and Gly-138 in Sg-1(b) proteins are crucial residues for their respective sugar donor specificities. Transgenic complementation tests followed by recombinant enzyme assays in vitro demonstrated that sg-1(0) is a loss-of-function allele of Sg-1. Considering that the terminal sugar species in the group A saponins are responsible for the strong bitterness and astringent aftertastes of soybean seeds, our findings herein provide useful tools to improve commercial properties of soybean products.
Bone corticalization requires local SOCS3 activity and is promoted by androgen action via interleukin-6 (2017)

Long bone strength is determined by its outer shell (cortical bone), which forms by coalescence of thin trabeculae at the metaphysis (corticalization), but the factors that control this process are unknown. Here we show that SOCS3-dependent cytokine expression regulates bone corticalization. Young male and female Dmp1Cre.Socs3 <sup>f/f</sup> mice, in which SOCS3 has been ablated in osteocytes, have high trabecular bone volume and poorly defined metaphyseal cortices. After puberty, male mice recover, but female corticalization is still impaired, leading to a lasting defect in bone strength. The phenotype depends on sex-steroid hormones: dihydrotestosterone treatment of gonadectomized female Dmp1Cre.Socs3 <sup>f/f</sup> mice restores normal cortical morphology, whereas in males, estradiol treatment, or IL-6 deletion, recapitulates the female phenotype. This suggests that androgen action promotes metaphyseal corticalization, at least in part, via IL-6 signaling.The strength of long bones is determined by coalescence of trabeculae during corticalization. Here the authors show that this process is regulated by SOCS3 via a mechanism dependent on IL-6 and expression of sex hormones.
The IL-12 Signature: NK Cell Terminal CD56+high Stage and Effector Functions (2004)

We report that human peripheral NK cells expressing high CD56 levels (CD56(+high)) are terminally differentiated cells indistinguishable from mature NK cells recently activated in the presence of IL-12, and not a functionally distinct NK-cell subset or progenitors to mature CD56(+low) NK cells. CD56(+high) NK cells coexpress all differentiation Ags constitutive or inducible in mature (CD56(+)) NK cells, except CD16, present at lower level than on most mature NK cells. Also, activation markers, activating receptors and adhesion molecules, and most inducible receptors are expressed exclusively and constitutively and are inducible at higher levels on CD56(+high) than on CD56(+low) NK cells. Consistent with their activated phenotype, many CD56(+high) NK cells are cycling and mediate heightened effector functions (proliferation, IFN-gamma and IL-10 but not IL-13 production) in response to IL-12 and other NK cell-specific stimuli. Conversely, IL-12 induces on CD56(+low) NK cells all markers constitutively expressed on the CD56(+high) NK cells, concomitantly preventing the IL-2 (and IL-15)-inducible expression of NKp44 and CD16 re-expression after immune complex-induced down-modulation, and CD56(-/+low) NK cells acquire a CD56(+high) NK cell phenotype in short term in vitro culture with IL-12. The significance of these findings to the NK cell-mediated regulation of immune responses and NK cell development is discussed.
Boundary block-merging (BBM) technique for efficient texture coding of arbitrarily shaped object (1999)

We present an efficient texture coding method which enhances the coding efficiency of conventional discrete cosine transform (DCT) with padding techniques for arbitrarily shaped objects in object-based video coding where shape information is provided. The BBM (boundary block-merging) technique is applied to the boundary macroblocks of 16/spl times/16 pixels of a VOP (video object plane) which consist of both background and object pixels. A macroblock consists of four subblocks of 8/spl times/8 pixels. For boundary subblocks consisting of object and background pixels, padding is performed in the background region. For a pair of padded boundary subblocks in a macroblock of which alignment belongs to a predefined set, one subblock is rotated 180/spl deg/ and merged into another one if object pixels do not overlap. After merging, the boundary macroblock is coded using the conventional DCT coding. The merging process reduces the number of subblocks to be DCT coded, and high correlation between adjacent subblocks makes the number of DCT coding bits small. Experimentation has been done on various test sequences under different test conditions, and verifies significant coding efficiency improvement: reduction of coding bits for luminance boundary blocks by 5.7-11.9% at the same PSNR values compared with the padding-based DCT without BBM.
Paschen law for argon glow discharge (2012)

Electric discharge between two electrically charged surfaces occurs at a well-defined, gas-dependent combination of atmospheric pressure and the distance between those surfaces, as described by Paschen's law. The understanding of when the discharge will occur in an Ar discharge is essential basic knowledge. A glow discharge apparatus was used in this experiment of Ar discharge at a pressure range between 2.0 Torr and 12 Torr, a power of 20 W and 40 l/min flow rate of gases. The optical emission spectroscopy was carried out in the wavelength range of 200 to 1100 nm. Here, we present experimentally measured plasma Paschen curves for Ar gas and compare our results of breakdown voltages with the literature. The minimum voltage measured for a discharge in Ar atmosphere was 215 ± 2.2 at 0.7 Torr-cm, which agree with previous measurements.
Characterization of Side Populations in HNSCC: Highly Invasive, Chemoresistant and Abnormal Wnt Signaling (2010)

Side Population (SP) cells, a subset of Hoechst-low cells, are enriched with stem cells. Originally, SP cells were isolated from bone marrow but recently have been found in various solid tumors and cancer cell lines that are clonogenic in vitro and tumorigenic in vivo. In this study, SP cells from lymph node metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines were examined using flow cytometry and Hoechst 3342 efflux assay. We found that highly metastatic HNSCC cell lines M3a2 and M4e contained more SP cells compared to the low metastatic parental HNSCC cell line 686LN. SP cells in HNSCC were highly invasive in vitro and tumorigenic in vivo compared to non-SP cells. Furthermore, SP cells highly expressed ABCG2 and were chemoresistant to Bortezomib and etoposide. Importantly, we found that SP cells in HNSCC had abnormal activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling as compared to non-SP cells. Together, these findings indicate that SP cells might be a major driving force of head and neck tumor formation and metastasis. The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway may be an important target for eliminating cancer stem cells in HNSCC.
<sup>13</sup>C‐NMR‐Untersuchung von Taxin B aus <i>Taxus baccata</i> L. (1986)

Abstract Durch Anwendung der 13 C‐NMR‐Spektroskopie (DEPT) und spezieller NMR‐Techniken (CH‐ und HH‐COSY) bei Taxin B, dem nativen Hauptalkaloid aus Taxus baccata , sowie bei dem stabileren Diacetyltaxin B wurden die gleichen Strukturformeln ermittelt, wie sie von anderen Autoren dem hypothetischen Taxin‐I und seinem Diacetat zugeordnet wurden.
Effects of Emulsifiers on Protein‐Fat Interaction in Ice Cream Mix during Ageing I: Quantitative Analyses (1991)

Abstract Ageing of ice cream mix at 0 to 10°C for a minimum of 3 up to 24 hours prior to ice cream production in the ice cream machine is generally used to improve various physical properties. During ageing the fat phase of the mix crystallizes and protein is slowly desorbed from the surface of the fat globules. In the presence of emulsifiers fat crystallization and protein desorption is distinctly enhanced resulting in increased agglomeration of fat globules during ice cream manufacture which is important for the formation and stability of the final ice cream. The effect of emulsifiers on ageing is due to their strong interfacial activity at low temperature.
Exploiting Protected Maleimides to Modify Oligonucleotides, Peptides and Peptide Nucleic Acids (2015)

This manuscript reviews the possibilities offered by 2,5-dimethylfuran-protected maleimides. Suitably derivatized building blocks incorporating the exo Diels-Alder cycloadduct can be introduced at any position of oligonucleotides, peptide nucleic acids, peptides and peptoids, making use of standard solid-phase procedures. Maleimide deprotection takes place upon heating, which can be followed by either Michael-type or Diels-Alder click conjugation reactions. However, the one-pot procedure in which maleimide deprotection and conjugation are simultaneously carried out provides the target conjugate more quickly and, more importantly, in better yield. This procedure is compatible with conjugates involving oligonucleotides, peptides and peptide nucleic acids. A variety of cyclic peptides and oligonucleotides can be obtained from peptide and oligonucleotide precursors incorporating protected maleimides and thiols.
Path Analysis of Buyer Behavior under Conditions of Crowding (1980)

By use of path analysis on data from 600 shoppers, the authors explore the sequential relationships among several variables pertinent to retail crowding. Results furnish evidence that perceived crowding systematically affects shopping behavior and consumers’ feelings about retail outlets and shopping trips.
Interrupting Reperfusion as a Stroke Therapy: Ischemic Postconditioning Reduces Infarct Size after Focal Ischemia in Rats (2006)

Cerebral ischemic preconditioning protects against stroke, but is clinically feasible only when the occurrence of stroke is predictable. Reperfusion plays a critical role in cerebral injury after stroke; we tested the hypothesis that interrupting reperfusion lessens ischemic injury. We found for the first time that such postconditioning with a series of mechanical interruptions of reperfusion significantly reduces ischemic damage. Focal ischemia was generated by permanent distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion plus transient bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion. After 30 secs of CCA reperfusion, ischemic postconditioning was performed by occluding CCAs for 10 secs, and then allowing for another two cycles of 30 secs of reperfusion and 10 secs of CCA occlusion. Infarct size was measured 2 days later. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in animals subjected to permanent MCA occlusion plus 15 mins of bilateral CCA occlusion, which demonstrates that postconditioning disturbed the early hyperemia immediately after reperfusion. Postconditioning dose dependently reduced infarct size in animals subjected to permanent MCA occlusion combined with 15, 30, and 60 mins of bilateral CCA occlusion, by reducing infarct size approximately 80%, 51%, and 17%, respectively. In addition, postconditioning blocked terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling-positive staining, a marker of apoptosis, in the penumbra 2 days after stroke. Furthermore, in situ superoxide detection using hydroethidine suggested that postconditioning attenuated superoxide products during early reperfusion after stroke. In conclusion, postconditioning reduced infarct size, most plausibly by blocking apoptosis and free radical generation. With further study it may eventually be clinically applicable for stroke treatment.
Computer Aided Stress Modeling for Optimizing Plastic Package Reliability (1985)

A computer-aided stress analysis program has been applied to reliability prediction of VLSI plastic packages. The process of plastic encapsulation and the testing by temperature cycling produce stresses in the silicon chip as well as in the molding material. These stresses must be minimized through specific choices of material and package design. Finite element stress modeling is used to quantify and display the effect of material choices, form factors, and innovative processing techniques. Excellent correlations have been achieved between the model predictions and the actually observed failures and quantitative stress measurements using strain gauge test structures. The mechanical and thermal problems associated with VLSI assembly and packaging can then be minimized.
An automatic system for stepwise treatment of solid samples and application to pollution evaluation by measuring ion lixiviation rates in lichens (1999)

An automatic system for the stepwise treatment of solid samples is described. The system is controlled by a PC computer that is connected to a burette equipped with a three-way valve, to a peristaltic pump, and to a robot arm through two serial interfaces. In a cycle, the burette introduces a solvent volume in the sample cell, sonication is applied, and, after a fixed time, the pump carries the solvent to the vial selected by the robot arm. Measurements can be performed both in-line and off-line by analyzing the vial series. The program was written in Visual Basic 3. Lixiviation rates of several cations from the lichen Ramalina farinacea were measured by capillary zone electrophoresis using the vial series obtained in several experimental conditions. The automatic system gave better reproducibility than the manual procedure. Initial lixiviation rates were higher in the presence of ultrasounds. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lab Robotics and Automation 11: 121–126, 1999
Isolation of cDNA and genomic DNA clones encoding type II collagen (1984)

A cDNA library constructed from total chick embryo RNA was screened with an enriched fraction of type II collagen mRNA. Two overlapping cDNA clones were characterized and shown to encode the COOH propeptide of type II collagen. In addition, a type II collagen clone was isolated from a Charon 4A library of chick genomic fragments. Definitive identification of the clones was based on DNA sequence analysis. The 3' end of the type II collagen gene appears to be similar to that of other interstitial collagen genes. Northern hybridization data indicates that there is a marked decrease in type II collagen mRNA levels in chondrocytes treated with the dedifferentiating agent 5-bromodeoxyuridine. The major type II collagen mRNA species is 5300 bases long, similar to that of other interstitial collagen RNAs.
Budded, Mesoporous Silica Hollow Spheres: Hierarchical Structure Controlled by Kinetic Self‐Assembly (2006)

A novel, hierarchical morphology of budded mesoporous silica hollow spheres (see figure), comprising a wormholelike mesoporous shell and protruding lamellar (vesicular) mesostructured buds, is fabricated by a unique, single-step, emulsion-templating method in which the sodium salt of N-lauroylsarcosine is used as both a surfactant and an oil phase after acidification. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2089/2006/c1321_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Preseismic ULF electromagnetic effect from observation at Kamchatka (2003)

Abstract. Some results of ULF magnetic field observation at Karimshino site (Kamchatka, Russia) since June 2000 to September 2001 are presented here. Using case study we have found an effect of suppression of ULF intensity about 2–6 days before rather strong and nearby seismic shocks (magnitude M = 4.0 – 6.2). It is revealed for nighttime and horizontal component of ULF field (G) in the frequency range 0.01 – 0.1 Hz. Then we prove the reliability of the effect by computed correlation between G (or 1/G) and specially calculated seismic indexes Ks for the whole period of observation. Basing on the simple criteria we conclude that reliability of seismo-associated ULF suppression effect is comparable with well-known effect of connection between ULF variation and Kp index of global magnetic activity. It seems the reason of suppression is located at the atmosphere or ionosphere but not in the ground medium.