gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Zap1p, a Metalloregulatory Protein Involved in Zinc-Responsive Transcriptional Regulation in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1997)

Zinc ion homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled primarily through the transcriptional regulation of zinc uptake systems in response to intracellular zinc levels. A high-affinity uptake system is encoded by the ZRT1 gene, and its expression is induced more than 30-fold in zinc-limited cells. A low-affinity transporter is encoded by the ZRT2 gene, and this system is also regulated by zinc. We used a genetic approach to isolate mutants whose ZRT1 expression is no longer repressed in zinc-replete cells, and a new gene, ZAP1, was identified. ZAP1 encodes a 93-kDa protein with sequence similarity to transcriptional activators; the C-terminal 174 amino acids contains five C2H2 zinc finger domains, and the N terminus (residues 1 to 706) has two potential acidic activation domains. The N-terminal region also contains 12% histidine and cysteine residues. The mutant allele isolated, ZAP1-1up, is semidominant and caused high-level expression of ZRT1 and ZRT2 in both zinc-limited and zinc-replete cells. This phenotype is the result of a mutation that substitutes a serine for a cysteine residue in the N-terminal region. A zap1 deletion mutant grew well on zinc-replete media but poorly on zinc-limiting media. This mutant had low-level ZRT1 and ZRT2 expression in zinc-limited as well as zinc-replete cells. These data indicate that Zap1p plays a central role in zinc ion homeostasis by regulating transcription of the zinc uptake system genes in response to zinc. Finally, we present evidence that Zap1p regulates transcription of its own promoter in response to zinc through a positive autoregulatory mechanism.
Guanamines.<sup>1</sup> II. Oxyalkylguanamine Anticonvulsants<sup>2</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTGuanamines.1 II. Oxyalkylguanamine Anticonvulsants2Seymour L. Shapiro, Vincent A. Parrino, and Louis FreedmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 15, 3996–4000Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01524a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01524a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views88Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Interactive multi-marker calibration for augmented reality applications (2003)

Industrial augmented reality (AR) applications require fast, robust, and precise tracking. In environments where conventional high-end tracking systems cannot be applied for certain reasons, marker-based tracking can be used with success as a substitute if care is taken about (1) calibration and (2) run-time tracking fidelity. In out-of-the-laboratory environments multi-marker tracking is needed because the pose estimated from a single marker is not stable enough. The overall pose estimation can be dramatically improved by fusing information from several markers fixed relative to each other compared to a single marker only. To achieve results applicable in an industrial context relative marker poses need to be properly calibrated. We propose a semiautomatic image-based calibration method requiring only minimal interaction within the workflow. Our method can be used off-line, or preferably incrementally online. When used online, our method shows reasonably good accuracy and convergence with workflow interruption of less than one second per incremental step. Thus, it can be interactively used. We illustrate our method with an industrial application scenario.
The Photronreflectometer—An Instrument for the Measurement of Turbid Systems (1938)

Summary This paper deals briefly with the essential features of a new instrument, the photronreflectometer, for the quantitative measurement of turbid or opalescent systems. Data are given to indicate the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurement obtained using known quantities of BaSO4 suspended in water.
Important Role of Reverse Na<sup>+</sup>-Ca<sup>2+</sup>Exchange in Spinal Cord White Matter Injury at Physiological Temperature (2000)

Spinal cord injury is a devastating condition in which most of the clinical disability results from dysfunction of white matter tracts. Excessive cellular Ca(2+) accumulation is a common phenomenon after anoxia/ischemia or mechanical trauma to white matter, leading to irreversible injury because of overactivation of multiple Ca(2+)-dependent biochemical pathways. In the present study, we examined the role of Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange, a ubiquitous Ca(2+) transport mechanism, in anoxic and traumatic injury to rat spinal dorsal columns in vitro. Excised tissue was maintained in a recording chamber at 37 degrees C and injured by exposure to an anoxic atmosphere for 60 min or locally compressed with a force of 2 g for 15 s. Mean compound action potential amplitude recovered to approximately 25% of control after anoxia and to approximately 30% after trauma. Inhibitors of Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange (50 microM bepridil or 10 microM KB-R7943) improved functional recovery to approximately 60% after anoxia and approximately 70% after traumatic compression. These inhibitors also prevented the increase in calpain-mediated spectrin breakdown products induced by anoxia. We conclude that, at physiological temperature, reverse Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange plays an important role in cellular Ca(2+) overload and irreversible damage after anoxic and traumatic injury to dorsal column white matter tracts.
Clinical evaluation of a new fat removal filter during cardiac surgery (2003)

The fat filter removed 40% fat, leukocytes and platelets from cardiotomy suction blood during cardiac surgery. A larger scale study is necessary to determine clinical effects on organ damage.
Predictors of axillary lymph node metastases in patients with T1 breast carcinoma (1997)

BACKGROUND Axillary lymph node metastases (ALNM) are the most important predictor of survival in patients with T1 breast carcinoma. Due to a relatively low incidence of axillary metastasis in tumors ≤ 2 cm, the role of axillary lymph node dissection for these patients has been questioned. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between the incidence of ALNM and 11 clinical/pathologic factors by univariate and multivariate analysis. METHODS The authors reviewed data from 918 patients with T1 breast carcinoma who underwent level I/II axillary dissection between 1979 and July 1995. The association between the incidence of ALNM and 11 clinical/ pathologic factors (size, lymph/vascular invasion, nuclear grade, S-phase, ploidy, palpability, age, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, HER-2/neu, and histology) was analyzed by univariate and, when significant, by multivariate analysis. RESULTS Approximately 23% of the 918 patients with T1 breast carcinoma had ALNM. Multivariate analysis identified four factors as independent predictors of ALNM: lymph/vascular invasion (P < 0.0001), tumor palpability (P < 0.0001), nuclear grade (P = 0.0004), and tumor size (P = 0.01). Among the 117 patients with nonpalpable, nonhigh grade tumors ≤ 1 cm without lymph/vascular invasion, the incidence of ALNM was only 3%. However, the 43 patients with T1c tumors with all 3 additional risk factors had a 49% incidence of ALNM. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and pathologic features of the primary tumor can be used to estimate the risk of ALNM in patients with T1 breast carcinoma. Such a risk assessment might facilitate appropriate management. Routine axillary dissection can be omitted in patients at minimal risk of ALNM, if the treatment decision is not influenced by lymph node status. Axillary lymph node dissection should be performed routinely for all patients with lesions > 1 cm. [See editorial counterpoint on pages 1856-61 and reply to counterpoint on pages 1862-4, this issue.] Cancer 1997; 79:1918-22. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Placement of an indwelling percutaneous gastrotomy ( <scp>PEG</scp> ) tube for the measurement of intra‐gastric <scp>pH</scp> in two horses (2015)

Summary Intra‐gastric pH monitoring is an important tool in the validation of acid suppressive drugs. To date, several methods of monitoring intra‐gastric pH in the horse have been described. However significant limitations are present in the existing models. This article describes the placement of a percutaneous gastrotomy ( PEG ) tube secured with a button gastropexy in the standing horse through which the pH of the ventral stomach can readily be measured under both fed and fasted conditions.
Population structure and regeneration status of medicinal tree Illicium griffithii in relation to disturbance gradients in temperate broad-leaved forest of Arunachal Pradesh (2005)

Illicium griffithii is exploited for its medicinal and spice properties in the industry. Population structure of I. gri ffithii Hook. f. Tho ms. was studied by observing number of individuals of the species during 2003–2004 in three stands experiencing different degrees of distu rbance in temperate broad-leaved forest of Arunachal Pradesh, northeast India. Individuals were categorized based on d iameter classes, i.e. seedlings (0–2 cm), saplings (> 2–6 cm) and trees (> 6 cm). The stand density of trees (> 6 cm diameter) ranges from 564 ha –1 in disturbed stand to 904 ha –1 in undisturbed stand while basal area was recorded highest in undisturbed stand, (12.55 m 2 ha –1 ) and lowest in highly disturbed stand (6.04 m 2 ha –1 ). The density–diameter class distribution (individuals per hectare) follows the trend: seedlings < saplings < trees in all the three stands. This clearly i ndicates that the regeneration status of I. gri ffithii is poor. The diameter distribution pattern indicates decreasing number of individuals in higher diameter classes. This may be due to the harvesting of higher girth i ndividuals for firewood and other purposes by local people. The overall population structure of I. griffithii reveals the dominance of adult individuals in the three stands, which emphasized the negative role of disturbance adversely impacting the regeneration of I. gri ffithii. On the other hand, due to free access, ther e is unchecked exploitation. Anyone can extract as much as (s)he can. Therefore, a policy should be made to protect the species legally. Also, local people should be made aware about its importance and the need for conservation by addressing the prevalent factors which affect natural regeneration of the species.
Cloning and Characterization of Three New Murine Genes Encoding Short Homologues of RNase P RNA (1995)

Three novel genes encoding small RNAs homologous to human and mouse RNase P RNA have been isolated from a mouse genomic library. As assessed by Northern blot analysis and nuclease protection assays, transcripts derived from one or more of these genes are expressed in murine cells and tissues. The RNA products of these RNase P RNA-homologous genes are smaller in size (238-248 nucleotides) than the 305-nucleotide transcript previously identified. These smaller transcripts are uniformly less abundant than the larger RNase P RNA, but their expression varies severalfold among different mouse tissues. Similar short homologues of RNase P RNA also are expressed in rat, rabbit, and human cells. We conclude that higher vertebrates express multiple isoforms of RNase P RNA.
<i>Ralstonia eutropha</i>H16 Encodes Two and Possibly Three Intracellular Poly[<scp>d</scp>-(−)-3-Hydroxybutyrate] Depolymerase Genes (2003)

Intracellular poly[D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate] (PHB) depolymerases degrade PHB granules to oligomers and monomers of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Recently an intracellular PHB depolymerase gene (phaZ1) from Ralstonia eutropha was identified. We now report identification of candidate PHB depolymerase genes from R. eutropha, namely, phaZ2 and phaZ3, and their characterization in vivo. phaZ1 was used to identify two candidate depolymerase genes in the genome of Ralstonia metallidurans. phaZ1 and these genes were then used to design degenerate primers. These primers and PCR methods on the R. eutropha genome were used to identify two new candidate depolymerase genes in R. eutropha: phaZ2 and phaZ3. Inverse PCR methods were used to obtain the complete sequence of phaZ3, and library screening was used to obtain the complete sequence of phaZ2. PhaZ1, PhaZ2, and PhaZ3 share approximately 30% sequence identity. The function of PhaZ2 and PhaZ3 was examined by generating R. eutropha H16 deletion strains (Delta phaZ1, Delta phaZ2, Delta phaZ3, Delta phaZ1 Delta phaZ2, Delta phaZ1 Delta phaZ3, Delta phaZ2 Delta phaZ3, and Delta phaZ1 Delta phaZ2 Delta phaZ3). These strains were analyzed for PHB production and utilization under two sets of conditions. When cells were grown in rich medium, PhaZ1 was sufficient to account for intracellular PHB degradation. When cells that had accumulated approximately 80% (cell dry weight) PHB were subjected to PHB utilization conditions, PhaZ1 and PhaZ2 were sufficient to account for PHB degradation. PhaZ2 is thus suggested to be an intracellular depolymerase. The role of PhaZ3 remains to be established.
Broadband lumped-element X band GaAs f.e.t. amplifier (1975)

The design of a 2-stage broadband X band amplifier using GaAs Schottky field-effect transistors is described. The performance of the intrinsic device and the amplifier are summarised. The amplifier gives 9.5±1 dB gain over the frequency range 6.5–12 GHz. The v.s.w.r. at the input and the output does not exceed 2.5:1. Practical wideband matching networks are described that minimise overall amplifier noise figure and maintain a constant gain over the design bandwidth, while including the effects of parasitics, loss and discontinuity capacitances.
miR-21: an oncomir on strike in prostate cancer (2010)

Overall, our data suggest that miR-21 is not a central player in the onset of prostate cancer and that its single hitting is not a valuable therapeutic strategy in the disease. This supports the notion that the oncogenic properties of miR-21 could be cell and tissue dependent and that the potential role of a given miRNA as a therapeutic target should be contextualized with respect to the disease.
1,1′-Ethylidenebis[<i>L</i>-Tryptophan], a Contaminant Implicated in <i>L</i>-Try ptophan Eosinophilia Myalgia Syndrom, Suppresses mRNAE<i>x</i>pression of Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Refleasing Hormone in Lewis (LEW/N) Rat Brain (1994)

The L-tryptophan eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (L-Trp-EMS), related to ingestion of impure L-Trp, occurred in epidemic proportions in the United States in 1989. Epidemiologic studies implicated 1,1'-ethylidenebis[L-tryptophan] (EBT) as the impurity most highly associated with development of human L-Trp-EMS. We have previously shown that Lewis (LEW/N) rats fed L-Trp implicated in the L-Trp-EMS epidemic (case-associated L-Trp) develop fasciitis and perimyositis which is associated with a reduction in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). In this study, we report the effects of EBT- and case-associated L-Trp on CRH mRNA expression in the hypothalamic PVN and secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosterone (CORT) into the plasma over a time course of 1-6 weeks in the same rats in which we have found fascial thickening and immune cell activation induced by these compounds. Both control L-Trp and EBT stimulated the secretion of ACTH and CORT at 1-2 weeks, whereas case-associated L-Trp did not. EBT and case-associated L-Trp decreased CRH mRNA expression in the PVN at 2-6 weeks, while control L-Trp had no effect. The striking contrast in the effects of case-associated L-Trp and EBT on the HPA axis suggests that the reduction in CRH mRNA levels in the PVN seen in each case may be related to different mechanisms. It is possible that EBT suppresses CRH mRNA expression directly, in the absence of inflammation, while case-associated L-Trp may act through multiple mechanisms, including that associated with inflammation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Infrequent DPC4 gene mutation in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasms. (1996)

Homozygously Deleted in Pancreatic Cancer 4 (DPC4), a recently identified candidate tumor suppressor gene, was previously shown to be altered in human pancreatic cancers. We examined DPC4 mutation in 30 examples of three other types of gastrointestinal malignancy: 10 esophageal cancers, 10 gastric cancers and 10 colorectal cancers occurring in the preneoplastic condition, ulcerative colitis. The entire coding region of DPC4 (including all 11 exons) was analysed by either direct sequencing of PCR product or the in vitro synthesized protein assay. No coding region mutations of DPC4 were found in any of the samples examined. Our results suggest that inactivation of DPC4 may not be important in the majority of these types of gastrointestinal cancer.
Transplantation of Pig Metanephroi (2003)

To determine whether pig metanephroi grow and differentiate after allotransplantation or xenotransplantation across a highly disparate barrier, we implanted metanephroi from embryonic day 28 (E28) pig embryos into the omentum of unilaterally nephrectomized adult pigs or C57Bl/6J mice (hosts). Some mouse hosts received anti-CD45RB, anti-CD154, and anti-CD11a (costimulatory blockade). E28 pig metanephroi were < 0.2 mm in diameter and contained only metanephric blastema and segments of ureteric bud. Pig metanephroi transplanted into pigs underwent growth and differentiation of nephrons over a 2 week period without the need for costimulatory blockade of hosts. In contrast, pig metanephroi did not grow or differentiate in mice that received no costimulatory blockade. However, by 2 weeks posttransplantation in mice in which costimulation was blocked, metanephroi from E28 pigs had enlarged, become vascularized, and had formed mature tubules and glomeruli. By 3 weeks posttransplantation in mice, metanephroi had grown to the point that they were approximately half the volume of the native mouse kidney. Here we show that growth and development of pig metanephroi occurs posttransplantation across an allogeneic or highly disparate xenogeneic barrier.
Virulent Combinations of Adhesin and Toxin Genes in Natural Populations of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (2002)

Most cases of severe Staphylococcus aureus disease cannot be explained by the action of a single virulence determinant, and it is likely that a number of factors act in combination during the infective process. This study examined the relationship between disease in humans and a large number of putative virulence determinants, both individually and in combination. S. aureus isolates (n = 334) from healthy blood donors and from patients with invasive disease were compared for variation in the presence of 33 putative virulence determinants. After adjusting for the effect of clonality, seven determinants (fnbA, cna, sdrE, sej, eta, hlg, and ica) were significantly more common in invasive isolates. All seven factors contributed independently to virulence. No single factor predominated as the major predictor of virulence, their effects appearing to be cumulative. No combinations of the seven genes were either more or less likely to cause disease than others with the same number of virulence-associated genes. There was evidence of considerable horizontal transfer of genes on a background of clonality. Our findings also suggested that allelic variants of a polymorphic locus can make different contributions to the disease process, further study of which is likely to expand our understanding of staphylococcal disease pathogenesis.
Mitoanálisis del 15M: de la revolución de Prometeo (mayo de 1968) a la red de Hermes (mayo de 2011) (2014)

Resumen es: En terminos del imaginario social, el movimiento 15M representa una ruptura con las matrices arquetipicas y las metaforas de los movimientos sociales tra...
The Debate on the Pathway of Starch Synthesis: A Closer Look at Low-Starch Mutants Lacking Plastidial Phosphoglucomutase Supports the Chloroplast-Localized Pathway (2009)

ADPglucose (ADPGlc) is the substrate for starch synthesis in the plastids of higher plants. The glucosyl moiety is used by starch synthases to elongate the glucans that comprise starch. Recently, there has been renewed debate about the ADPGlc synthesis, with the widely accepted or classical pathway questioned and a controversial new pathway proposed. Published experimental results are not entirely consistent with either pathway. Here we focus on starch synthesis in
Homozygous α‐thalassaemia: clinical presentation, diagnosis and management. A review of 46 cases (1985)

Forty-six hydropic infants with homozygous alpha-thalassaemia born during a period of 10 years have been reviewed. The incidence was 1:1550 total births, and accounted for 81% of all non-immune hydrops. The male to female ratio was 1:1.4. There was increased incidence of anaemia, pregnancy induced hypertension, antepartum haemorrhage, malpresentation, prematurity, fetal distress, difficult vaginal delivery, caesarean section, retained placenta, postpartum haemorrhage and congenital abnormalities. Antenatal diagnosis by DNA hybridization with subsequent abortion of the affected fetuses is the best method to decrease maternal morbidity and to reduce the incidence of hydrops fetalis in couples at risk. For those with no previous history, but with early onset hypertension and/or polyhydramnios, sonography is useful in making an earlier diagnosis, and in reducing avoidable morbidity, because DNA analysis can be done before caesarean section and aggressive neonatal management is instituted.
Microbial transformation of the sweet sesquiterpene (+)-hernandulcin (1999)

(+)-Hernandulcin is a sweet bisabolane-type sesquiterpene first isolated from Lippia dulcis Trev. (Verbenaceae). This oily compound is 1000-1500 times sweeter than sucrose but with poor solubility in water. Microbial transformation was employed to improve its water solubility, and a variety of microorganisms were screened for their ability to convert (+)-hernandulcin to more polar metabolites. Scale-up fermentation with Glomerella cinguiata, a fungal strain, has resulted in the isolation of a more polar metabolite (2).