gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Harmonicity-Based Blind Dereverberation for Single-Channel Speech Signals (2006)

The distant acquisition of acoustic signals in an enclosed space often produces reverberant artifacts due to the room impulse response. Speech dereverberation is desirable in situations where the distant acquisition of acoustic signals is involved. These situations include hands-free speech recognition, teleconferencing, and meeting recording, to name a few. This paper proposes a processing method, named Harmonicity-based dEReverBeration (HERB), to reduce the amount of reverberation in the signal picked up by a single microphone. The method makes extensive use of harmonicity, a unique characteristic of speech, in the design of a dereverberation filter. In particular, harmonicity enhancement is proposed and demonstrated as an effective way of estimating a filter that approximates an inverse filter corresponding to the room impulse response. Two specific harmonicity enhancement techniques are presented and compared; one based on an average transfer function and the other on the minimization of a mean squared error function. Prototype HERB systems are implemented by introducing several techniques to improve the accuracy of dereverberation filter estimation, including time warping analysis. Experimental results show that the proposed methods can achieve high-quality speech dereverberation, when the reverberation time is between 0.1 and 1.0 s, in terms of reverberation energy decay curves and automatic speech recognition accuracy
Ring array processing for forward-looking intravascular and intracardiac ultrasonic imaging (2010)

Forward-looking (FL) catheter-based imaging systems are highly desirable for guiding interventions in IVUS and ICE applications.One of the main challenges in the array based FL-IVUS systems is the large channel count which results in increased system complexity.Synthetic phased array processing with reduced firing count simplifies the front-end and hence can enable 3-D real-time imaging.Recently, we have investigated dual-ring arrays suitable for IVUS and ICE imaging.In this dissertation, we present and explored two different optimized array designs based on dual circular and hexagonal rings that are suitable for synthetic phased array processing with reduced number of firings.We used simulated annealing to optimize the wideband PSF of the array system.The optimal firing set from different Tx-Rx elements eliminates most of the redundant spatial frequencies in the coarray and produces low side lobes and number of firings.The optimization procedure starts with the calculated wideband PSF of the full set coarray including all Tx-Rx firing combinations.In every iteration step, a predefined coarray with only one element change is compared with the previous set in terms of cost function.For the two designs, we obtained optimal reduced set by minimizing both the peak side lobe level and the integrated side lobe energy.For two test cases, we obtained reduced sets of 512 and 256 coarray elements, and constructed 2-D PSFs.The simulation results show that the optimized dual circular and hexagonal ring arrays provide up to 10-dB and 5-dB improvements, respectively, in peak near side lobe level with no widening in main lobe width.Our test results show that the side lobe levels of the dual circular and hexagonal arrays can be remarkably and controllably reduced by using simulated annealing optimization, and the resulting optimal array designs can meet the resolution and speed requirements of 3-D real time IVUS and ICE imaging.
On security threats for robust perceptual hashing (2009)

Perceptual hashing has to deal with the constraints of robustness, accuracy and security. After modeling the process of hash extraction and the properties involved in this process, two different security threats are studied, namely the disclosure of the secret feature space and the tampering of the hash. Two different approaches for performing robust hashing are presented: Random-Based Hash (RBH) where the security is achieved using a random projection matrix and Content-Based Hash (CBH) were the security relies on the difficulty to tamper the hash. As for digital watermarking, different security setups are also devised: the Batch Hash Attack, the Group Hash Attack, the Unique Hash Attack and the Sensitivity Attack. A theoretical analysis of the information leakage in the context of Random-Based Hash is proposed. Finally, practical attacks are presented: (1) Minor Component Analysis is used to estimate the secret projection of Random-Based Hashes and (2) Salient point tampering is used to tamper the hash of Content-Based Hashes systems.
CAD for Fashion Design (1997)

1. Introduction. 2. Computers and the Fashion Industry. 3. From Sketch to Market: How CAS Systems Are Used. 4. Design in Context: Understanding the Marketplace. 5. Color. 6. Fabric: The Designer's Medium. 7. Silhouette. 8. Putting It All Together: Presentation and Graphics. Glossary. Bibliography. Footnotes. Index.
Low-dose glutathione administration in the prevention of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. (1994)

So far various drugs have been used in an attempt to prevent or reduce cisplatin (CDDP)-induced peripheral neuropathy. Of those tried reduced glutathione (GSH) is one of the most promising. Its effectiveness has already been demonstrated by means of morphological methods in CDDP-treated rats in which high doses of GSH (up to 1200 mg/kg) were given. In the current study neurophysiological and morphological methods were used to evaluate the effect of low doses (150-300 mg/kg) of GSH i.p. on the peripheral nervous system of the rat. Four groups of 8 female Wistar rats were treated as follows: (A) CDDP 2 mg/kg i.p. weekly for 9 courses; (B) same as (A) plus GSH 150 mg/kg i.p. weekly; (C) same as (A) plus GSH 300 mg/kg i.p. weekly; (D) same as (A) plus GSH 150 mg/kg i.p. on the day of DDP injection followed by 150 mg/kg/day over the next 2 days. Eleven age-matched untreated rats were used as controls. Sensory conduction velocity was recorded in the tail nerve and morphologic and morphometric examinations were performed on the dorsal root ganglia neurons (L4-L6) in each animal. The results demonstrated that the neurophysiological and pathological changes induced by CDDP administration were less severe in rats co-treated with GSH. No significant differences could be related to the 3 different regimens of GSH co-treatments. This experiment confirms that GSH is able to reduce the neurotoxicity of CDDP and that it is effective even at doses as low as those used in the present study.
Endogenous digitalis-like activity in mammalian brain. (1979)

A fraction of brain has been prepared that contains a substance mimicking actions of the digitalis glycosides. It both blocks the binding of [3H]ouabain to Na+,K+-ATPase (ATP phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.3) and inhibits the uptake of 86Rb+ into human erythrocytes. Partial isolation was achieved by Sephadex G-10 fractionation and subsequent desalting. This activity is potentially capable of regulating ionic fluxes and concentration gradients across the cell membrane.
SCCRO Promotes Glioma Formation and Malignant Progression in Mice (2010)

Originally identified as an oncogene activated by amplification in squamous cell carcinomas, several lines of evidence now suggest that squamous cell carcinoma-related oncogene (SCCRO; aka DCUN1D1) may play a role in the pathogenesis of a wide range of human cancers including gliomas. SCCRO's oncogenic function is substantiated by its ectopic expression, resulting in transformation of cells in culture and xenograft formation in nude mice. The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo oncogenicity of SCCRO in a murine model. Ubiquitous expression of SCCRO resulted in early embryonic lethality. Because SCCRO overexpression was detected in human gliomas, its in vivo oncogenic activity was assessed in an established murine glioma model. Conditional expression of SCCRO using a replication-competent ASLV long terminal repeat with splice acceptor/nestin-(tumor virus-A) tv-a model system was not sufficient to induce tumor formation in a wild-type genetic background, but tumors formed with increasing frequency and decreasing latency in facilitated background containing Ink4a deletion alone or in combination with PTEN loss. Ectopic expression of SCCRO in glial progenitor cells resulted in lower-grade gliomas in Ink4a(-/-) mice, whereas its expression in Ink4a(-/-)/PTEN(-/-) background produced high-grade glioblastoma-like lesions that were indistinguishable from human tumors. Expression of SCCRO with platelet-derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-beta) resulted in an increased proportion of mice forming glioblastoma-like tumors compared with those induced by PDGF-beta alone. This work substantiates SCCRO's function as an oncogene by showing its ability to facilitate malignant transformation and carcinogenic progression in vivo and supports a role for SCCRO in the pathogenesis of gliomas and other human cancers.
NMR studies of the magnesium-ATP binding site of adenylate kinase and of a 45-residue peptide fragment of the enzyme (1985)

Proton NMR was used to study the interaction of beta,gamma-bidentate Cr3+ATP and MgATP with rabbit muscle adenylate kinase, which has 194 amino acids, and with a synthetic peptide consisting of residues 1-45 of the enzyme, which has previously been shown to bind MgepsilonATP [Hamada, M., Palmieri, R. H., Russell, G. A., & Kuby, S. A. (1979) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 195, 155-177]. The peptide is globular and binds Cr3+ATP competitively with MgATP with a dissociation constant, KD(Cr3+ATP) = 35 microM, comparable to that of the complete enzyme [KI(Cr3+ATP) = 12 microM]. Time-dependent nuclear Overhauser effects (NOE's) were used to measure interproton distances on enzyme- and peptide-bound MgATP. The correlation time was measured directly for peptide-bound MgATP by studying the frequency dependence of the NOE's at 250 and 500 MHz. The H2' to H1' distance so obtained (3.07 A) was within the range established by X-ray and model-building studies of nucleotides (2.9 +/- 0.2 A). Interproton distances yielded conformations of enzyme- and peptide-bound MgATP with indistinguishable anti-glycosyl torsional angles (chi = 63 +/- 12 degrees) and 3'-endo/O1'-endo ribose puckers (sigma = 96 +/- 12 degrees). Enzyme- and peptide-bound MgATP molecules exhibited different C4'-C5' torsional angles (gamma) of 170 degrees and 50 degrees, respectively. Ten intermolecular NOE's from protons of the enzyme and four such NOE's from protons of the peptide to protons of bound MgATP were detected, which indicated proximity of the adenine ribose moiety to the same residues on both the enzyme and the peptide. Paramagnetic effects of beta,gamma-bidentate Cr3+ATP on the longitudinal relaxation rates of protons of the peptide provided a set of distances to the side chains of five residues, which allowed the location of the bound Cr3+ atom to be uniquely defined. Distances from enzyme-bound Cr3+ATP to the side chains of three residues of the protein agreed with those measured for the peptide. The mutual consistency of interproton and Cr3+ to proton distances obtained in metal-ATP complexes of both the enzyme and the peptide suggests that the conformation of the peptide is very similar to that of residues 1-45 of the enzyme. When this was assumed to be the case and when molecular models and a computer graphics system were used, MgATP could be fit into the X-ray structure of adenylate kinase in a unique manner such that all of the distances determined by NMR were accommodated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Towards HIPAA-compliant healthcare systems (2012)

In healthcare domain, there is a gap between healthcare systems and government regulations such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). The violations of HIPAA not only may cause the disclosure of patients' sensitive information, but also can bring about tremendous economic loss and reputation damage to healthcare providers. Taking effective measures to address this gap has become a critical requirement for all healthcare entities. However, the complexity of HIPAA regulations makes it difficult to achieve this requirement. In this paper, we propose a framework to bridge such a critical gap between healthcare systems and HIPAA regulations. Our framework supports compliance-oriented analysis to determine whether a health- care system is complied with HIPAA regulations. We also describe our evaluation results to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach.
Isolation of a Human Lymphocyte Mitogen from Wheat Germ with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine Specificity (1976)

A lectin, isolated from wheat germ by affinity chromatography on chitin, was mitogenic for purified human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Peak incorporation of 3H-thymidine was observed after incubation of lymphocyte cultures with wheat germ mitogen for 7 to 10 days. When lymphocytes were separated into two fractions based on their ability to form rosettes with unsensitized sheep erythrocytes, the mitogen induced a negligible proliferative response in either fraction. Mixing experiments demonstrated a strong response in the T lymphocyte fraction which required the collaboration, but not proliferation, of cells present in the nonrosetting fraction. Stimulation was specifically abolished by addition of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine at initiation of culture.
Protective Effects of Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor in Experimental Shock (1985)

The effects of human urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) were studied in experimental shock models. Administration of 50,000 U/kg, i.v., of UTI protected against mortality from shock induced by burn, endotoxin or trauma. Aprotinin at a dose of 50,000 U/kg improved only endotoxin shock and showed a moderate but not significant effect on burn and traumatic shock. Administration of 50,000 U/kg, i.v., of UTI protected against the aggravation in systemic hemodynamics in canine hemorrhagic shock. Furthermore, in rat traumatic shock, 50,000 U/kg, i.v., administration of UTI significantly reversed the increased serum beta-glucuronidase and trypsin activities and the decreased hepatic ATP level, and it moderately suppressed the increased serum uric acid level. Aprotinin failed to affect all these biochemical changes induced by drum trauma. These results suggest that the protective effect of UTI against experimental shock is possibly exerted through lowering the elevated enzyme activities in the serum during shock.
Dynamic MRI with compressed sensing imaging using temporal correlations (2008)

Compressed Sensing (CS) is a recently emerged technique for reconstructing signals from data sampled under the Nyquist rate. It takes advantage of the signal sparsity in a transformed domain to reconstruct high-resolution signals from reduced data. This paper presents a CS imaging method for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. Specifically, a difference operator is applied to the temporal data frames to enhance the spatial signal sparsity for CS reconstruction. The new algorithm method was assessed using simulated and in-vivo dynamic imaging data. The result shows that the new method can obtain higher resolution than zero-padded Fourier reconstruction and the Keyhole method, and it results in reduced artifacts and noise than conventional CS reconstruction where no temporal information is used. It also shows that the new CS dynamic imaging method does not suffer substantial signal-to-noise loss.
Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Aminotrifluoromethoxylation of Alkenes (2015)

The first catalytic trifluoromethoxylation of unactivated alkenes has been developed, in which Pd(CH3CN)2Cl2 was used as catalyst, AgOCF3 as trifluoromethoxide source, and Selectfluor-BF4 as oxidant. A variety of 3-OCF3 substituted piperidines were selectively obtained in good yields. Direct evidence was provided to address the facile reductive elimination of Pd(IV)-OCF3 complex to form sp(3) C-OCF3 bond.
Photochemical Norrish type I reaction as a tool for metal nanoparticle synthesis: importance of proton coupled electron transfer (2012)

The Norrish type I photocleavage is an excellent source of strongly reducing free radicals that can be used to convert soluble metal ions into their atomic state that proceed to form nanoparticles. Proton coupled electron transfer (PCeT) is a useful tool to interpret the mechanism for metal ion reduction, a process that in these systems involves multisite PCeT, with proton and electron having separate receiving substrates.
Effects of Phase and Amplitude Noise on π Phase-shifted DFB Raman fibre lasers (2010)

We show that π phase-shifted Distributed Feedback (DFB) Raman fibre lasers of 30cm length are resilient against phase and amplitude errors up to ~5%, with negligible deterioration of the threshold and slope-efficiency of the lasers.
Thermoelectric properties of Ag-doped Cu₂Se and Cu₂Te (2013)

Cu₂Se, Cu₂Te and Ag-overstoichiometric compounds Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Se and Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Te were prepared by melting, annealing, followed by spark plasma sintering compaction. Low and high temperature thermoelectric properties were investigated by measuring the electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity and Hall coefficient between 2 K and 900 K. Structural analyses were performed by PXRD and SEM-EDX analyses. The Hall and Seebeck coefficients show that holes are the dominant carrier in all compounds. High temperature α–β phase transition in Cu₂Se and Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Se between 350 and 400 K and multiple phase transitions (α–β, β–γ, γ–δ, δ–∈) in Cu₂Te and Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Te between 350 K and 900 K were observed in measurements of heat capacity, temperature dependent PXRD data, and transport coefficients. Low temperature transport measurements (Hall coefficient, electrical conductivity, carrier mobility) strongly suggest the presence of yet another phase transition in Cu₂Se, Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Se, and Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Te compounds at temperatures between 85 K and 115 K, reported here for the first time. Based on the transport data and structural analysis we conclude that doping Cu₂Se and Cu₂Te by Ag reduces the density of holes and strongly suppresses the thermal conductivity not only due to a smaller electronic contribution but also due to enhanced point defect scattering of phonons that reduces the lattice portion of the thermal conductivity. Moreover, the phase transition temperature is shifted to lower temperatures upon doping with Ag. The presence of Ag enhances thermoelectric performance of Cu₂Te at all temperatures and Cu₂Se benefits from Ag doping over a broad range of temperatures up to 700 K. The maximum ZT value of 1.2 at 900 K; 0.52 at 650 K; 0.29 at 900 K; and 1.0 at 900 K were achieved for Cu₂Se, Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Se, Cu₂Te and Cu₁.₉₈Ag₀.₂Te, respectively, between 2 K and 900 K.
Task Difficulty, Heart Rate Reactivity, and Cardiovascular Responses to an Appetitive Reaction Time Task (1983)

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular responses of 72 young men were assessed during an appetitive reaction time task where winning money incentives was either easy, difficult, or impossible. The impossible condition led to reduced responses (e.g., longer pre‐ejection period (PEP) and pulse transit time (PTT) and greater falls in systolic and diastolic pressures) as well as reports of trying less hard than the easy or the difficult condition. Regardless of task difficulty, subjects showing greater heart rate (HR) increases at task onset maintained higher HR levels than low HR reactors throughout the task. Overall, these high HR reactors also showed higher SBP and shorter PEP, PTT and left ventricular ejection time than low HR reactors, although these differences were less pronounced by the end of the task. Based on their responses to various standardized inventories, high and low HR reactors did not differ in behavioral traits such as Type A, suppressed hostility, or active coping as the preferred coping style. However, a subsample of subjects with extreme scores indicating suppressed hostility (N = 12) did show elevated HR and systolic pressure during both relaxation and the appetitive task.
<title>Impact of enhanced ultraviolet-B irradiance on cotton yield and qualities</title> (2002)

The stratospheric ozone depletion and enhanced solar ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiance may have adverse impacts on the productivity of agricultural crops. The effect of UVB enhancements on agricultural crops includes reduction in yield, alteration in species competition, decrease in photosynthetic activity, susceptibility to disease, and changes in structure and pigmentation. Many studies have examined the influence of supplementing UVB irradiance on different crops, but the effect of UVB irradiance on cotton crops has received little attention. The cotton crop is one of the most versatile of all the crops. It is a major fiber crop of the world and a major source of trade and economy in many countries. In this study we provide quantitative examination of the effects of elevated UVB irradiance on cotton. The tested cotton crop was grown under natural and supplemental levels of UVB irradiance in the cotton field. The results in this study showed that the supplemental UVB irradiance has negative impacts on cotton growth, development, yield, and fiber quality. A brief discussion is included on how the impacts on cotton contrast with impacts that have been observed in other studies on other plants, including trees.
The Effect of Adding Supplementary Quantities of Seeds During Fermentation on the Phenolic Composition of Wines (1995)

Several studies have suggested that a group of phenolic compounds present in grapes and wines, known as catechins and proanthocyanidins, may play a positive role in human nutrition, related to their protective action towards coronary heart disease and the scavenger properties of their free radicals. These molecules are accumulated in the most lignified parts of grape clusters, specially in the seeds. Several microvinification experiments were carried out with different red and white grapes to elucidate the effect of adding supplementary quantities of seeds during fermentation on the phenolic composition of wines. The presence of a higher quantity of seeds in contact with the must during fermentation resulted in wines with a higher content of phenolics, especially catechins and proanthocyanidins, and their varietal characteristics were more pronounced than in control wines. The addition of a quantity of supplementary seeds, which doubled the original quantity of seeds in pomace, appeared to stabilize wine color.
"Fixed" splitting of the second heart sound in ventricular septal defect. (1971)

Eleven cases of catheter proven ventricular septal defect with left-to-right shunting in the absence of pulmonary hypertension were studied by phonocardiography. All showed wide and relatively fixed splitting of the second heart sound. Reasons for the relative fixation of the split are suggested, and the point is made that such fixed splitting is not necessarily a sign of atrial septal defect.
Joint frame synchronization and frequency offset acquisition for OFDM systems based on fractional Fourier transform (2007)

A joint frame synchronization and frequency offset acquisition method for OFDM systems is proposed in this paper. A training signal composed by linear frequency modulation signals is superimposed on the data signal at the transmitter side. The receiver performs fractional Fourier transform on the received signal which can realize frame synchronization and frequency offset acquisition simultaneously. Even under the conditions with low signal to noise ratio, this method not only can provide better accuracy, but also has lower computational complexity. Theoretical analysis and simulation results over AWGN and multi-path channel prove this point.