gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Unsaturated Polyazamacrolides from the Ladybird Beetle <i>Subcoccinella </i><i>v</i><i>igintiquatuorpunctata</i> (2001)

The pupal defensive secretion of the ladybird beetle Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata consists of a mixture of macrocyclic polyamines (polyazamacrolides, PAMLs) dominated by three dimeric, 30-membered bislactones (1, 2, and 3), which represent the three possible head-to-tail combinations of the two building blocks (S)-(Z)-11-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-5-tetradecenoic acid (4) and (S)-(5Z,8Z)-11-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-5,8-tetradecadienoic acid (5). We now report the synthesis of these three alkaloids via a route involving the nucleophilic opening of a chiral aziridine as a common step.
Red Blood Cell Deformability in Renal Failure (1982)

Red blood cell deformability was measured in 74 cases of renal failure and diabetic nephropathy by means of a modified nuclepore membrane filter method. Low red blood cell deformability was observed in a certain proportion of the patients. In cases of renal failure only weak correlation was found between reduced red blood cell deformability and BUN as well as between reduced red blood cell deformability and creatinine level, while simultaneous changes in these variable were observed in several patients. The reduction in red blood cell deformability in cases of diabetic nephropathy slightly exceeded that in cases of renal failure and correlated with an increment in HbA1c content. The effects of uremic toxins were unclear in in vitro tests. The red blood cell deformability was impaired in nephrectomized rabbits.
Genetic Interactions of DNA Repair Pathways in the Pathogen<i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> (2007)

The current increase in the incidence and severity of infectious diseases mandates improved understanding of the basic biology and DNA repair profiles of virulent microbes. In our studies of the major pathogen and model organism Neisseria meningitidis, we constructed a panel of mutants inactivating genes involved in base excision repair, mismatch repair, nucleotide excision repair (NER), translesion synthesis, and recombinational repair pathways. The highest spontaneous mutation frequency among the N. meningitidis single mutants was found in the MutY-deficient strain as opposed to mutS mutants in Escherichia coli, indicating a role for meningococcal MutY in antibiotic resistance development. Recombinational repair was recognized as a major pathway counteracting methyl methanesulfonate-induced alkylation damage in the N. meningitidis. In contrast to what has been shown in other species, meningococcal NER did not contribute significantly to repair of alkylation-induced DNA damage, and meningococcal recombinational repair may thus be one of the main pathways for removal of abasic (apurinic/apyrimidinic) sites and strand breaks in DNA. Conversely, NER was identified as the main meningococcal defense pathway against UV-induced DNA damage. N. meningitidis RecA single mutants exhibited only a moderate decrease in survival after UV exposure as opposed to E. coli recA strains, which are extremely UV sensitive, possibly reflecting the lack of a meningococcal SOS response. In conclusion, distinct differences between N. meningitidis and established DNA repair characteristics in E. coli and other species were identified.
An$H_infty $Control Strategy for Switching Converters in Sliding-Mode Current Control (2006)

The design of a two-loop control for nonminimum phase-switching converters is presented in this letter. An internal sliding-mode control loop forces the converter inductor current to follow the reference established by <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$H_infty $</tex> control of the output voltage in an outer loop. Simulations of both time and frequency responses of the output voltage show a faster and more robust behavior than in the case of a conventional approach using a PI controller in the external loop. Experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation predictions.
Thomas Goronwy (“T G”) Evans (2007)

Pioneered the first successful bone marrow transplants in children with primary immunodeficiency and became a fearless university administratorThe dreadful death of Roland Levinsky has shocked the world of paediatric oncology and genetics.He was an immunologist of international renown who performed the UK's first successful bone marrow transplant in children with primary immunodeficiency in 1979 at Great Ormond Street children's hospital.He went on to perform the UK's first successful attempts at gene therapy in children with fatal inherited diseases.He transformed the Institute of Child Health in London into a topclass research institution.Later, he did a similar makeover at Plymouth University, sending it soaring up the league tables.Levinsky was born in South Africa to a British-born mother and Polish/Lithuanian father.His father, died when Roland was 13.Two years later his mother returned to England with her three children.
Evidence for common ancestry of a chestnut blight hypovirulence-associated double-stranded RNA and a group of positive-strand RNA plant viruses. (1991)

Computer-assisted analysis of the putative polypeptide products encoded by the two open reading frames present in a large virus-like double-stranded RNA, L-dsRNA, associated with hypovirulence of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, revealed five distinct domains with significant sequence similarity to previously described conserved domains within plant potyvirus-encoded polyproteins. These included the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RNA helicase, two papain-like cysteine proteases related to the potyvirus helper-component protease, and a cysteine-rich domain of unknown function similar to the N-terminal portion of the potyvirus helper-component protein. Phylogenetic trees derived from the alignment of the polymerase domains of L-dsRNA, a subset of positive-stranded RNA viruses, and double-stranded RNA viruses, using three independent algorithms, suggested that the hypovirulence-associated dsRNA and potyvirus genomes share a common ancestry. However, comparison of the organization of the conserved domains within the encoded polyproteins of the respective viruses indicated that the proposed subsequent evolution involved extensive genome rearrangement.
Synthetic study of (+)-nootkatone from (-)-.beta.-pinene (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic study of (+)-nootkatone from (-)-.beta.-pineneTetsuji Yanami, Masaaki Miyashita, and Akira YoshikoshiCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 4, 607–612Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01292a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01292a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views890Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Innovation in pharmaceutical manufacturing of solid dosage forms via continuous wet granulation (2014)

For decades, the manufacturing of solid dosage forms in the pharmaceutical industry has been synonymous with batch processing. However, batch processes are often sensitive to variability (possibly resulting in batch rejection or reprocessing), high labor costs (due to the multiple manual interventions during processing), high production costs, excessive inventories and scale-up issues. On the other hand, many advantages are associated with continuous processing which are all related to important economic drivers for change (i.e. quality, cost and time). However, implementation of new technologies, methodologies and equipment is needed to allow transfer from batch to continuous manufacturing within the pharmaceutical industry. As wet granulation is the most popular method to improve material properties (flow, homogeneity, compressibility) prior to tableting, it is obvious that a continuous wet granulation process is of high importance for a manufacturer of solid dosage forms. At the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology (Ghent University) a continuous twin screw wet granulation process using a modified twin-screw extruder was developed. Based on this research work, GEA Pharma Systems developed a fully integrated ‘from-powder-to-tablet’ manufacturing line, the ConsiGmaTM system, using twin screw granulation as an intermediate step for wet granulation of raw materials. The overall objective of this project was to bridge the gap between the existing technology and its industrial implementation. Although technical know-how about the continuous granulation system is available at the manufacturer of this system, process knowledge (certainly towards specific pharmaceutical formulations) about this innovative manufacturing technique is limited within the pharmaceutical industry. Also in scientific literature the number of papers dealing with continuous wet granulation is limited. Therefore, the continuous granulation of pharmaceuticals by means of the ConsiGmaTM system was investigated in order to (a) improve process knowledge and process understanding of this novel manufacturing tool for solid dosage forms and (b) simplify scale-up and transfers in pharmaceutical manufacturing. To meet these objectives, the parameters affecting the quality of the end product manufactured via continuous wet granulation using the ConsiGmaTM system were determined via a series of experiments which evaluated the different aspects of this granulation technique: influence of formulation, process and equipment parameters on granule and tablet quality, visualization and understanding of granulation liquid mixing and distribution, use of continuous granulation for formulation development and process optimization, stability and repeatability of the continuous granulation process and in-line blending capacity of the granulation unit.
On the Reactivity of 2, 6-Dimethyl-pyrimidine-4-carbonitrile. (1958)

Reactivity of cyano group in 4-position of 2, 6-dimethylpyrimidine-4-carbonitrile was examined. This compound behaves like ordinary nitriles in forming 4-acetyl compound with methylmagnesium bromide, 4-carboxylic acid ester with dehydrated alcohol and hydrogen chloride, and 4-acid amide with alkaline hydrogen peroxide. However, it showed specificity in undergoing substitution with methoxyl ion to form 4-methoxy compound. The ester or acid amide obtained by such reaction was reacted with hydrazine hydrate to afford 2, 6-dimethylpyrimidine-4-carbohydrazide. Condensation with few other aldehydes was also carried out.
Regional Strain and Strain Rate Measurements by Cardiac Ultrasound: Principles, Implementation and Limitations (2000)

The non-invasive quantification of regional myocardial function is an important goal in clinical cardiology. Myocardial thickening/thinning indices is one method of attempting to define regional myocardial function. A new ultrasonic method of quantifying regional deformation has been introduced based on the principles of 'strain' and 'strain rate' imaging. These new imaging modes introduce concepts derived from mechanical engineering which most echocardiographers are not familiar with. In order to maximally exploit these new techniques, an understanding of what they measure is indispensable. This paper will define each of these modalities in terms of physical principles and will give an introduction to the principles of data acquisition and processing required to implement ultrasonic strain and strain rate imaging. In addition, the current status of development of the technique and its limitations will be discussed, together with examples of potential clinical applications.
Biologics in the treatment of uveitis (2007)

Biologic therapies have increased the treatment options for sight-threatening uveitis. Despite experimental rationale, the lack of evidence from randomized controlled studies limits our understanding of when to commence therapy, which agent to choose and how long to continue treatment. Additionally, the high cost and potential side effects of all biologic agents have limited their current use to uveitis refractory to immunosuppression.
Functional End-Group Exchange of Nitroxide- or Bromo-Terminated Polystyrene (2001)

Nitroxide- and bromo-terminated polystyrenes resulting from “living” free radical polymerization processes have been “functionalized” by a combination reaction with tetraphenylethane based derivatives i.e. 1,1,2,2-tetraphenyl-1,2-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)ethane. The substitution of the terminal moiety by diphenylmethyl groups has been characterized by 1H, 13C and 29Si NMR, ESI and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
Studies on Flat Superfinishing (Part 9) (1962)

The process of brass superfinishing by special silicate bond wheels was investigated experimentally. In this experiment, the stock removal, the superfinishing resistance, the surface roughness and the surface flatness were measured. Further, brass was superfinished by vitrified bond wheels and PVA wheels. Consequently, it was found that special silicate bond wheels were more suitable for superfinishing of brass than Vit wheels.
Activation of mucosal Vβ3<sup>+</sup> T cells and tissue damage in human small intestine by the bacterial superantigen, Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (1993)

Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) was added to explants of fetal human intestine in organ culture or administered into the lumen of fetal small intestine prior to culture. Both routes produced a massive increase in lamina propria T cells expressing V beta 3, and to a lesser extent, those expressing V beta 5 and V beta 12. SEB-activated lamina propria T cells produced interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma and T cell activation was accompanied by tissue damage, which was inhibited by FK506.
CFD in Wind Energy: The Virtual, Multiscale Wind Tunnel (2010)

Over the past two decades, computational fluid dynamics and particularly the finite volume method have been increasingly used to predict the performance of wind turbines within their environment. Increases in available computational power has led to the application of RANS-based models to more and more complex flow problems and permitted the use of LES-based models where previously not possible. The following article reviews the development of CFD as applied by the wind energy community from small to large scale: from the flow around 2D airfoils to the flow through an entire wind farm.
我们提供一张车联网的船票——专访车友互联总经理 赵展 (2011)

我是2004年毕业的，一开始是做销售，和庄总（美赛达庄亮总经理）是同事。他当时是销售部的．因为早我三年毕业．在公司他是经理。公司为了培训销售人员．派我在百货商场站了三个月的柜台卖导航。04年没有PND．只有28英寸的后视镜导航。
Automated prognostic pattern detection shows favourable diffuse pattern of FOXP3+ Tregs in follicular lymphoma (2015)

A diffuse pattern of FOXP3 and CD69 positivity was favourable, demonstrating ability of HID analysis to automatically identify prognostic cellular patterns. It is applicable to large numbers of biomarkers, representing an unsupervised, automated method for identification of undiscovered prognostic cellular patterns in cancer tissue samples.
Cadmium sulfide-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production (2018)

Recent developments in cadmium sulphide-based photocatalysts including heterojunctions, solid solutions and quantum dots for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production are reviewed.
Equilibria in Ethanol-Water System at Pressures Less Than Atmospheric (1942)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEquilibria in Ethanol-Water System at Pressures Less Than AtmosphericA. H. Beebe Jr., K. E. Coulter, R. A. Lindsay, and E. M. BakerCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1942, 34, 12, 1501–1504Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1942Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1942https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50396a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50396a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1403Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Hydrocracking Athabasca bitumen in the presence of coal part 1: a preliminary study of the changes occurring in the coal (1974)

The following is the first in a series of reports on the use of pulverized coal as a processing aid, or "getter" for petroleum coke and metals in the liquid phase hydrocracking of Athabasca bitumen. This part describes a preliminary investigation of the changes which occur in two coals during the hydrocracking process. The coals selected for study were of widely dissimilar rank, i.e. Canmore semi-anthracite and Estevan lignite. The hydrocracking experiments were undertaken with Athabasca bitumen at 2000 psi pressure in a bench-scale, fixed-bed flow system with bottom feed at a liquid space velocity of 1.05 hr -1 . It was found that both coals are partially hydrogenated to form liquid and gaseous products at the reaction temperatures required to hydrocrack the bitumen. The solids remaining in the reactor decrease in mass and particle size as the reaction time increases. Within limits, the size of the coal particles initially placed in the reactor did not affect the hydrocracking of the bitumen. It was not possible to work with fixed beds of very small particles because of plugging problems. Positive evidence was obtained to indicate that coal particles can act as nuclei for the accumulation of petroleum coke formed in the hydrocracking process. The data also showed that nickel and vanadium metals were removed from the hydrocarbon liquid.
Latent tissue plasminogen activator produced by human endothelial cells in culture: evidence for an enzyme-inhibitor complex. (1983)

Conditioned medium from cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was analyzed for the presence of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase. Immunoprecipitation studies using metabolically labeled conditioned medium and anti-tPA IgG revealed a single band on autoradiographs corresponding to a Mr of 100,000. No bands were observed after immunoprecipitation with anti-urokinase IgG. The Mr 100,000 tPA was found to be inactive and did not bind to fibrin clots. However, exposure of this tPA to 1% NaDodSO4 resulted in the appearance of plasminogen activator activity with no apparent change in its Mr. Treatment with 10 mM diisopropylfluorophosphate prior to NaDodSO4 activation did not inhibit the NaDodSO4-induced appearance of plasminogen activator activity, indicating that the active site was not available for diisopropylfluorophosphate binding. The possibility that the properties of this Mr 100,000 tPA reflected a tPA-inhibitor complex was examined. Attempts to dissociate such a complex by denaturation, reduction, or extremes of temperature were not successful. However, after treatment of conditioned medium with 1 M hydroxylamine in the presence of 0.1% NaDodSO4, the Mr of the anti-tPA immunoprecipitable material declined by 40,000 to Mr 60,000, a Mr consistent with that of other human tPAs. Hydroxylamine has been shown previously to dissociate covalently coupled serine protease-inhibitor complexes. Furthermore, incubation of purified human melanoma cell tPA with conditioned medium resulted in an increase in its Mr by 40,000 with a concomitant decline in tPA activity. The data suggest that the latent tPA present in the conditioned medium of endothelial cells is composed of a Mr 60,000 tPA associated with an inhibitor.
Multipath Exploitation in Through-Wall Radar Imaging Via Point Spread Functions (2013)

Due to several sources of multipath in through-wall radar sensing, such as walls, floors, and ceilings, there could exist multipath ghosts associated with a few genuine targets in the synthetic aperture beamformed image. The multipath ghosts are false positives and therefore confusable with genuine targets. Here, we develop a multipath exploitation technique using point spread functions, which associate and map back the multipath ghosts to their genuine targets, thereby increasing the effective signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) at the genuine target locations. To do so, we first develop a multipath model advocating the Householder transformation, which permits modeling multiple reflections at multiple walls, and also allows for unconventional room/building geometries. Second, closed-form solutions of the multipath ghost locations assuming free space propagation are derived. Third, a nonlinear least squares optimization is formulated and initialized with these free space solutions to localize the multipath ghosts in through-wall radar sensing. The exploitation approach is general and does not require a priori assumptions on the number of targets. The free space multipath ghost locations and exploitation technique derived here may be used as is for multipath exploitation in urban canyons via synthetic aperture radar. Analytical expressions quantifying the SCR gain after multipath exploitation are derived. The analysis is validated with experimental EM results using finite-difference time-domain simulations.
DARWIN: CMOS opamp Synthesis by Means of a Genetic Algorithm (1995)

Article Free Access Share on DARWIN: CMOS opamp synthesis by means of a genetic algorithm Authors: Wim Kruiskamp Eindhoven University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the NetherlandsView Profile , Domine Leenaerts Eindhoven University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the NetherlandsView Profile Authors Info & Claims DAC '95: Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM/IEEE Design Automation ConferenceJanuary 1995 Pages 433–438https://doi.org/10.1145/217474.217566Published:01 January 1995Publication History 101citation721DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations101Total Downloads721Last 12 Months82Last 6 weeks10 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF