gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the FHIT gene and FRA3B region in sporadic breast cancer, preneoplastic lesions, and familial breast cancer probands. (1997)

The FHIT gene, which spans the FRA3B fragile site at chromosome 3p14.2, is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in breast and other cancers. We investigated FHIT and FRA3B for loss of heterozygosity (LOH); homozygous deletions; abnormal transcripts; and acquired/germ-line point mutations in breast cancer cell lines (n = 32), breast epithelial and stromal cell cultures (n = 18), microdissected invasive (n = 16) and ductal in situ carcinomas (n = 6), and their accompanying normal and abnormal epithelial foci (n = 14). LOH at 3p14.2, especially at FHIT intragenic marker D3S1300, was found in 6 of 16 microdissected invasive tumors and 3 of 6 ductal in situ carcinomas. In accompanying preneoplastic foci, LOH occurred in two of eight intraductal hyperplasias but not in histologically normal ductal epithelium (n = 6). Three of 32 (9%) breast cancer cell lines demonstrated homozygous deletions of FHIT exon 4 (two cases) and exon 5 (one case), which correlated with exon 4-deleted transcripts and loss of the cDNA transcript containing the coding exons 5-9, respectively. Normal mammary cultures and 31 of 32 tumor cell lines (97%) expressed wild-type coding transcripts as well as a minor exon 8-deleted message. Single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the coding exons in the 32 tumor and 18 normal breast cell lines and their sequencing revealed four silent polymorphisms and a germ-line histidine triad point mutation (651 G-->T) in a tumor arising in a 70-year-old woman. This mutation was also present in one of her two thus far unaffected daughters. Analysis of additional DNAs from 280 probands of high-risk breast cancer families for other FHIT exon 8 mutations detected an intronic point mutation 13 bases upstream of exon 8. Thus, we have demonstrated relatively early abnormalities of the FHIT/FRA3B region in breast cancer and discovered two rare FHIT germ-line mutations. The expression of a transcript containing the coding exons in nearly all cell lines, including those with germ-line mutations, suggests the possibility that another gene in the FRA3B region may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Gradient-Directed Multiexposure Composition (2011)

In this paper, we present a simple yet effective method that takes advantage of the gradient information to accomplish the multiexposure image composition in both static and dynamic scenes. Given multiple images with different exposures, the proposed approach is capable of producing a pleasant tone-mapped-like high-dynamic-range image by compositing them seamlessly with the guidance of gradient-based quality assessment. In particular, two novel quality measures, namely, visibility and consistency, are developed based on the observations of gradient changes among different exposures. Experiments in various static and dynamic scenes are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Advanced Polymers as Active Materials and Electrolytes for Electrochemical Capacitors and Hybrid Capacitor Systems (2008)

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in the development of new materials and a greater fundamental understanding of their properties. Those advancements are currently being applied to revolutionary designs of ECs and are enabling new types of hybrid energy-storage devices that exhibit characteristics of batteries and ECs.
Radiation of cosmic rays measured on the international space station (2011)

Radiation impact on astronauts and radiation risk are dominated by high LET (Linear Energy Transfer) particles. The preferred passive personal dosimeters used for astronauts are CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors (PNTDs) sensitive to high LET. The Matroshka research facility is designed for investigating the depth distribution of the radiation dose in different organs of astronaut during a mission with or without an EVA (Extra Vehicular Activity). Matroshka experiments conducted successfully in Zvezda service module of ISS (International Space Station) from 2004 to 2006. Radiation LET spectra and quantities were measured for the different organs and skin locations of Matroshka phantom inside and outside ISS using CR-39 PNTDs. The experimental results can be used to determine the radiation quantities for astronauts in LEO (Low Earth Orbit). This paper introduces LET spectrum method using CR-39 detectors and the Matroshka experiments and presents radiation results measured with CR-39 PNTDs for the Matroshka experiments.
Differential Role of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans on Aggregated LDL Uptake in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (2002)

In MEF, HS-PGs can function alone as receptors that bind and internalize agLDL in the absence of LRP, but in human VSMCs, although HS-PGs facilitate agLDL binding to the cells, LRP is essential for agLDL internalization.
A Noncompetitive Small Molecule Inhibitor of Estrogen-regulated Gene Expression and Breast Cancer Cell Growth That Enhances Proteasome-dependent Degradation of Estrogen Receptor α (2010)

The mechanisms responsible for 17β-estradiol (E(2))-stimulated breast cancer growth and development of resistance to tamoxifen and other estrogen receptor α (ERα) antagonists are not fully understood. We describe a new tool for dissecting ERα action in breast cancer, p-fluoro-4-(1,2,3,6,-tetrahydro-1,3-dimethyl-2-oxo-6-thionpurin-8-ylthio) (TPSF), a potent small-molecule inhibitor of estrogen receptor α that does not compete with estrogen for binding to ERα. TPSF noncompetitively inhibits estrogen-dependent ERα-mediated gene expression with little inhibition of transcriptional activity by NF-κB or the androgen or glucocorticoid receptor. TPSF inhibits E(2)-ERα-mediated induction of the proteinase inhibitor 9 gene, which is activated by ERα binding to estrogen response element DNA, and the cyclin D1 gene, which is induced by tethering ERα to other DNA-bound proteins. TPSF inhibits anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent E(2)-ERα-stimulated growth of MCF-7 cells but does not inhibit growth of ER-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. TPSF also inhibits ERα-dependent growth in three cellular models for tamoxifen resistance; that is, 4-hydroxytamoxifen-stimulated MCF7ERαHA cells that overexpress ERα, fully tamoxifen-resistant BT474 cells that have amplified HER-2 and AIB1, and partially tamoxifen-resistant ZR-75 cells. TPSF reduces ERα protein levels in MCF-7 cells and several other cell lines without altering ERα mRNA levels. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 abolished down-regulation of ERα by TPSF. Thus, TPSF affects receptor levels at least in part due to its ability to enhance proteasome-dependent degradation of ERα. TPSF represents a novel class of ER inhibitor with significant clinical potential.
IP-based access network infrastructure for next-generation wireless data networks (2000)

Next-generation wireless network standards are currently being defined. The access network architectures have several specialized components tailored for their respective wireless link technologies, even though the services provided by these different wireless networks are fairly similar. We propose a homogeneous IP-based network as a common access network for the different wireless technologies. The IP-based access network uses the Internet standard, Mobile IP, to support macro-mobility of mobile hosts, and HAWAII to support micro-mobility and paging functionality of current wireless networks. We also illustrate how the proposed IP-based solution can interwork with existing infrastructure so that deployment can be incremental.
OmpR Regulates the Two-Component System SsrA-SsrB in <i>Salmonella</i> Pathogenicity Island 2 (2000)

Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2) encodes a putative, two-component regulatory system, SsrA-SsrB, which regulates a type III secretion system needed for replication inside macrophages and systemic infection in mice. The sensor and regulator homologs, ssrAB (spiR), and genes within the secretion system, including the structural gene ssaH, are transcribed after Salmonella enters host cells. We have studied the transcriptional regulation of ssrAB and the secretion system by using gfp fusions to the ssrA and ssaH promoters. We found that early transcription of ssrA, after entry into macrophages, is most efficient in the presence of OmpR. An ompR mutant strain does not exhibit replication within cultured macrophages. Furthermore, footprint analysis shows that purified OmpR protein binds directly to the ssrA promoter region. We also show that minimal medium, pH 4.5, induces SPI-2 gene expression in wild-type but not ompR mutant strains. We conclude that the type III secretion system of SPI-2 is regulated by OmpR, which activates expression of ssrA soon after Salmonella enters the macrophage.
[Drug delivery systems]. (1985)

The introduction of new and potent drugs and the scientific advancement of effective and safer usage of drugs aimed at the optimization of pharmacotherapy have stimulated the "science of input" and a new concept of drug delivery has emerged. Drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed and formulated on the basis of sound and multidisciplinary information although some of them still cannot be defined at present. New concepts of drug delivery have so far been developed in two fields, namely (1) DDS with controlled-release characteristics and (2) drug targeting. Introduction of controlled release DDS has already given some impetus to medical practice, although they are still far from an ideal pattern-specific drug delivery. As for drug targeting, targets readily accessible to local administration appear to be promising and various new products are on the market. However, systemic drug targeting is still in the concept stage except for those experimental therapies related to life-threatening diseases. A better understanding of diseases, the introduction of an integrated technical approach including medicinal chemistry, sound safety considerations, and the incorporation of various new concepts should lead to new high-technology DDS. The concept of controlled delivery and targeting and their integration into DDS is indeed a momentous revolution comparable to the discovery of a new class of chemical entities.
Effects of Intranasal Azelastine on the Response to Nasal Allergen Challenge (2002)

The effects of intranasal azelastine are similar to those of oral second-generation antihistamines.
Capillary bonded components for injection laser transmitter modules (1982)

The packaging of semiconductor lasers with fibre-optic and electronic components is described, based on the use of an Si chip as a common substrate. The components are attached by flowing solder in grooves underneath the components by capillary action. The modules are small in dimension, and fabricated using automatable techniques for low cost.
Development of Validated Computer-based Preoperative Predictive Model for Proximal Junction Failure (PJF) or Clinically Significant PJK With 86% Accuracy Based on 510 ASD Patients With 2-year Follow-up (2016)

3.
The charge equalizer-a new system to extend battery lifetime in photovoltaic systems, UPS and electric vehicles (1993)

Investigations of battery banks in photovoltaic systems, UPS and electric vehicles show that individualization of single cells due to different properties leads to premature failures of the whole battery. Single cell monitoring is no way to overcome this problem. The new "charge equalizer" (CHEQ) introduced in this paper keeps all cells in the same state of charge at all times by transferring energy between the cells. For different applications, specially suited implementations of this fundamental principle are shown. The main advantages of the CHEQ will be: protection against overcharging and deep discharging of individual cells, extension of lifetime, decrease of maintenance costs, availability of the full nominal capacity.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Présentation (2007)

et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France.Il est précisé que son stockage dans une base de données est également interdit.
Histopathological Assessment of Prostate Cancer Bone Osteoblastic Metastases (2008)

Despite the osteoblastic nature of bone metastases in prostate cancer, the osteolytic-osteopenic bone lesions found in each clinically osteoblastic case may explain the frequent fractures observed in these cases. In addition, the finding that woven bone formed directly from the tumor stroma and not from the adjacent bone surface supports further research into the mechanisms of abnormal bone formation in prostate cancer bone metastases.
Studies on Effects of some Materials of Water-holding and Mulching for Water-holding in Soil and Plant Growth (1987)

We studied the effects of some materials of water-holding and mulching upon the action ofwater-holding in soil, evaporation control from earth surface and growth condition of plants (herb and trees).The experimental materials are five kinds, powder of soft ceramics and synthetic resin, barkcompost, and emulsion of synthetic resin and asphalt. Application water are three levels (Naclconcentration, p.p.m) of 0, 2, 5u0 and 5, 000.We wish to report on the results of our investigation which we have dealt with in ourlavatory and Hamaoka sea side.
The Vitamin B<sub>6</sub> Group. V. The Reversible Interconversion of Pyridoxal and Pyridoxamine by Transamination Reactions (1945)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Vitamin B6 Group. V. The Reversible Interconversion of Pyridoxal and Pyridoxamine by Transamination ReactionsEsmond E. SnellCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1945, 67, 2, 194–197Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1945Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1945https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01218a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01218a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations127LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Contrastive Learning for Image Captioning (2017)

Image captioning, a popular topic in computer vision, has achieved substantial progress in recent years. However, the distinctiveness of natural descriptions is often overlooked in previous work. It is closely related to the quality of captions, as distinctive captions are more likely to describe images with their unique aspects. In this work, we propose a new learning method, Contrastive Learning (CL), for image captioning. Specifically, via two constraints formulated on top of a reference model, the proposed method can encourage distinctiveness, while maintaining the overall quality of the generated captions. We tested our method on two challenging datasets, where it improves the baseline model by significant margins. We also showed in our studies that the proposed method is generic and can be used for models with various structures.
A Framework for IoT-Based Monitoring and Diagnosis of Manufacturing Systems (2017)

IoT systems have gained increasing attentions in research community and industry. Tens of billions of devices are now connected to the Internet and quintillion bytes of data are generated from sensing devices every day. One of the important applications of IoT systems in industry is monitoring, fault detection, and diagnosis of manufacturing systems (MFDM). However, current practices in the development of such systems are individualized with each company developing their own solutions. To address this issue, we propose a SaaS-centered framework for manufacturing system health management. The configurability and easy evolution of SaaS can facilitate reuse and sharing of data, processes, and technologies. Besides the general framework, we also look into the technologies that are important for the framework. The literature in time series data storage and the techniques for mining correlated data are reviewed and the gaps are identified. To bridge the gap, we discuss some potential methods for resolving the problems. We also consider how to incorporate the potential techniques into our framework for effective fault detection and diagnosis.
Methylmalonate Excretion in a Patient with Pernicious Anemia (1963)

METHYLMALONIC acid is excreted in large amounts by rats,1 especially in those in which liver necrosis develops.2 Its excretion in human metabolism has not been established. Since vitamin B12 has been found to be essential, in vitro, for the isomerization of methylmalonate to succinate3 4 5 the urine of a patient with primary pernicious anemia was examined for the presence of methylmalonate. Methylmalonic acid was found in large quantities.Case ReportH.G., a 69-year-old man, was admitted to the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania on April 16, 1962. In 1941 a gastric analysis revealed achlorhydria. In 1959 he was treated . . .
Cloning and characterization of two cellulase genes from Lentinula edodes (2001)

Lentinula edodes has traditionally been grown on fallen logs. It produces a wide array of enzymes to digest the lignocellulolytic substrate for nutrients. Thus, this organism represents a rich source of potentially potent lignocellulolytic enzymes that can be harnessed for conversion of biomass to simple sugars. These sugars can then be used as feedstock for ethanol production or other chemical syntheses. We have cloned two cellulase genes from L. edodes grown on a wood substrate without the use of genomic or cDNA libraries by using a PCR-based strategy employing degenerate primers directed at the cellulose-binding domain. cel7A encoded a 516-amino acid protein that belonged to glycosyl hydrolase family 7 and had sequence similarities to cbhI genes from other fungi. cel6B encoded a 444-amino acid protein that belonged to glycosyl hydrolase family 6 and had sequence similarities to cbhII genes from other fungi. We demonstrated that cel7A and cel6B transcript levels were positively correlated to L. edodes growth in the presence of crystalline cellulose.
Theory and operation of a robust controller for a compact adaptive optics system (2004)

We describe the design and operation of a high-speed adaptive optics system using a robust H controller. The system is also general purpose—it can be used in almost any application with minimal modifications and can be set up and operated by a minimally trained operator. The demonstrated system uses a wavefront sensor camera operating at 955 frames/s, a Xinetics 37-channel deformable mirror, and a dual processor computer to perform computations. The system exhibits control of up to 5 waves of focus, a closed-loop bandwidth of ~50 Hz, with a residual error of /75 rms.
Absence of Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein-1α Delays Central Nervous System Demyelination in the Presence of an Intact Blood-Brain Barrier (2001)

Chemokines are small chemotactic cytokines that modulate leukocyte recruitment and activation during inflammation. Here, we describe the role of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) during cuprizone intoxication, a model where demyelination of the CNS features a large accumulation of microglia/macrophage without T cell involvement or blood-brain barrier disruption. RNase protection assays showed that mRNA for numerous chemokines were up-regulated during cuprizone treatment in wild-type, C57BL/6 mice. RANTES, inflammatory protein-10, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 showed greatest expression with initiation of insult at 1-2 wk of treatment, whereas MIP-1alpha and beta increased later at 4-5 wk, coincident with peak demyelination and cellular accumulation. The function of MIP-1alpha during demyelination was tested in vivo by exposing MIP-1alpha knockout mice (MIP-1alpha(-/-)) to cuprizone and comparing pathology to wild-type mice. Demyelination at 3.5 wk of treatment was significantly decreased in MIP-1alpha(-/-) mice ( approximately 36% reduction), a result confirmed by morphology at the electron microscopic level. The delay in demyelination was correlated to apparent decreases in microglia/macrophage and astrocyte accumulation and in TNF-alpha protein levels. It was possible that larger effects of the MIP-1alpha deficiency were being masked by other redundant chemokines. Indeed, RNase protection assays revealed increased expression of several chemokine transcripts in both untreated and cuprizone-treated MIP-1alpha(-/-) mice. Nonetheless, despite this possible compensation, our studies show the importance of MIP-1alpha in demyelination in the CNS and highlight its effect, particularly on cellular recruitment and cytokine regulation.
Color Reaction of Some Derivatives of a Amino-phthalide and Acylleucomethyleneblue Derivatives (1964)

3,3-ビス-(p-ジメチルアミノフェニル)-フタリドより合成したアミノ化物,メチルアミノ化物,ジメチルアミノ化物が感圧色素として非常にすぐれていることを既に報告したが,この報告では,これらのフタリド誘導体ならびに3,3-ビス-(p-ジメチルアミノフェニル)-6-ジメチルアミノフタリド(以後BDDPと略す)の呈色溶液の可視スペクトルを,それぞれ対応するクリスタルバイオレット,マラカイトグリーンと比較しながら種々の溶媒中で測定した。また呈色剤として有機酸による呈色を比較した。また比色法により定性的にケイ酸塩呈色を検討した。しかし,これらのフタリド化合物は日光堅牢度が弱いため,種々のアシルロイコメチレンブルー誘導体を合成し,IRそしてUVスペクトルを測定し,なおその上にケイ酸塩による呈色を定性的に比較検討した。
Frontline in the classroom (1997)

Perhaps the most important development in Australian television over the past two years is the satirical series Frontline. It's difficult to define it further because it has w on awards as both a comedy series and a drama series. The production team actually approach it as a drama, but comedy and humour are very much a part of it. Centred around a fictional current affairs programme with its impressionable and somewhat dim host, Mike Moore, Frontline has changed the way current affairs programmes are viewed, and how comedy on television is approached. It also provides both Media Studies and English teachers with a rich text that can be used to illustrate a number of different issues, and could prove indispensable in secondary colleges.
Soft data detection algorithms for an iterative turbo coded MIMO OFDM systems (2005)

The use of multiple antennas at both transmitter and receiver can significantly increase the channel capacity. By using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission techniques, a MIMO-OFDM system can achieve high spectral efficiency, which makes it an attractive candidate for high-data-rate wireless applications. In this paper, we propose an iterative soft data detection algorithm, called the soft-QRD-M structure for the MIMO OFDM system, which can incorporate a kind of coding. Iteratively communicating the soft informations between the proposed MIMO data detector and the Turbo decoder, we can improve the BER performance significantly.