gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Risks and Benefits of Insulin-like Growth Factor (1994)

Letters1 October 1994Risks and Benefits of Insulin-like Growth FactorSaul Malozowski, MD, PhD and Bruce Stadel, MD, MPHSaul Malozowski, MD, PhDSearch for more papers by this author and Bruce Stadel, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-7-199410010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Bondy and colleagues [1] provided an excellent review of available knowledge regarding insulin-like growth factor (IGF). I report additional information concerning IGF-I adverse drug experience reports received by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the last 5 years.Syncopal reactions in the absence of hypoglycemia were reported in 11 patients. Nine received IGF-I intravenously at doses of 100 µg/kg of body weight as a bolus or by infusions that exceeded 24 µg/kg per hour, whereas another patient received 18 µg/kg per hour. One patient received IGF-I subcutaneously. Two patients had concomitant seizure-like activity with tonic muscle ...References1. Bondy CA, Underwood LE, Clemmons DR, Guler HP, Bach MA, Skarulis M. Clinical uses of insulin-like growth factor I. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:593-601. Google Scholar2. Usala AL, Madigan T, Burguera B, Sinha MK, Caro JF, Cunningham P, et al. Brief report: Treatment of insulin-resistant ketoacidosis with insulin-like growth factor I in an adolescent with insulin diabetes. N Engl J Med. 1992; 327:853-7. Google Scholar3. Malozowski S, Tanner LA, Wysowski D, Fleming GA. Growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I, and benign intracranial hypertension (Letter). N Engl J Med. 1993; 329:665-6. Google Scholar4. Malozowski S. Gynecomastia (Letter). N Engl J Med. 1993; 329:209. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMecasermin rinfabate: rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3 complex: iPLEX ™Musculoskeletal Effects of the Recombinant Human IGF-I/IGF Binding Protein-3 Complex in Osteoporotic Patients with Proximal Femoral Fracture: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot StudyInsulin-Like Growth Factors 1 October 1994Volume 121, Issue 7Page: 549-550KeywordsFood and Drug AdministrationGrowth hormoneHypoglycemiaInsulin-like growth factorsNecrosisParalysisPeptide hormonesPhosphatesProteinsSyncope Issue Published: 1 October 1994 CopyrightCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Preparation of SiO<sub>2</sub>-TiO<sub>2</sub> Spherical Particles by W/O-Type Emulsion Technique (1995)

The following conclusions were reached from the results of this study.(1) By using partially hydrolyzed complex alkoxide solutions, nearly monodisperse spherical particles were formed. In general, the mean size and size distribution of particles were smaller and the yield was lower in method 1 than in method 2.(2) The mean size and size distribution of particles decreased with increasing ratio of [H2O]/[M(OR)4].(3) The size distribution was not greatly affected by the amount of surfactant. However, the mean size was inversely related to it in method 2.(4) The oxide composition of particles formed by method 2 was closer to the theoretical value, but more organic materials tended to be contained in particles. TiO2 content was always higher than the theoretical value in particles formed by method 1.(5) In method 2, the mean size, size distribution, oxide composition and yield of particles were affected significantly by the time taken to prepare the gelling solution up to putting it into the reaction cup.
Identification of recurrent focal copy number variations and their putative targeted driver genes in ovarian cancer (2016)

Our results demonstrate that spectral decomposition of CNV profiles offers a new way of understanding the role of CNVs in cancer.
Review on Computer Aided Sewer Pipeline Defect Detection and Condition Assessment (2019)

Physical and operational inspection of sewer pipelines is critical to sustaining an acceptable level of system serviceability. Emerging inspection tools in addition to developments in sensor and lens technologies have facilitated sewer condition assessment and increased the quality and consistency of provided data. Meanwhile, sewer networks are too vast to be adequately investigated manually so the development of innovative computer vision techniques for automation applications has become an interest point of recent studies. This review paper presents the current state of inspection technology practices in sewer pipelines. An overall inspection tool comparison was conducted and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were discussed. This was followed by a comprehensive review of recent studies on visual inspection automation using computer vision and machine learning techniques. Finally, current achievements and limitations of existing automation methods were debated to outline open challenges and future research for both infrastructure management and computer science researchers.
Perspectives in Plant Cell Recognition (1992)

Originally published in 1992, Perspectives in Plant Cell Recognition presents a review of advances in understanding the cellular, molecular and genetic mechanisms governing cell–cell interactions in plants. In the case of the interaction between different cells of the same plant, progress in the study of gametes and associated organs during sexual reproduction is examined. Progress in the study of associations between somatic cells crucial to coordinated tissue development are also reported. Interactions between plant cells and cells of other organisms are then represented by consideration of plant pathogenesis and examples of mutualistic symbiosis. In particular, the Rhizobium/legume symbiosis has been studied extensively and the genes controlling the specificity of the interaction and involved in creating a harmonious mutualism have been cloned and their products identified.
Spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect in germanium (2013)

We have measured the inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in $n$-Ge at room temperature. The spin current in germanium was generated by spin pumping from a CoFeB/MgO magnetic tunnel junction in order to prevent the impedance mismatch issue. A clear electromotive force was measured in Ge at the ferromagnetic resonance of CoFeB. The same study was then carried out on several test samples, in particular, we have investigated the influence of the MgO tunnel barrier and sample annealing on the ISHE signal. First, the reference CoFeB/MgO bilayer grown on SiO${}_{2}$ exhibits a clear electromotive force due to anisotropic magnetoresistance and anomalous Hall effect, which is dominated by an asymmetric contribution with respect to the resonance field. We also found that the MgO tunnel barrier is essential to observe ISHE in Ge and that sample annealing systematically leads to an increase of the signal. We propose a theoretical model based on the presence of localized states at the interface between the MgO tunnel barrier and Ge to account for these observations. Finally, all of our results are fully consistent with the observation of ISHE in heavily doped $n$-Ge and we could estimate the spin Hall angle at room temperature to be $\ensuremath{\approx}$0.001.
Bile salt evolution (1967)

Viewed against the background of known or supposed biosynthetic pathways for cholic and chenodeoxycholic acids in man and laboratory animals, the chemical nature of bile salts in more primitive animals clearly indicates that evolution from C(27), 5alpha-alcohol sulfates to C(24), 5beta-acids has taken place. Stages in this evolution, some of which are intermediates in the biosynthesis of C(24) bile acids, are described for representatives of all the chief vertebrate groups. "Unique" primary C(24) bile acids may be considered as hydroxylated chenodeoxycholic acids; the possible taxonomic significance of these is discussed. A closer study of the biochemical mechanisms underlying bile salt differences may be expected to throw new light on the nature of the evolutionary process itself.
An Efficient Certificate Revocation and Verification Scheme from Multi-Hashing (2012)

Even though Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and X.509 certificate has been a prominent security model for a variety of e-commerce applications and large scale distributed computing, it has not been sufficiently investigated in the certificate revocation and verification mechanism. In this paper, we discuss the need and importance of certificate revocation and verification, and analyze the limitations of several certificate validation schemes that are widely used in PKI environments. Then we propose an alternative scheme. The underlying idea is that the certificate holder provides certificate validation proof (CVP) to the verifiers in manner of initiative. According to this scheme, The CVP is a proof issued by a trusted third party (TTP) for the certificate stating whether it was revoked or not. For both parties in any transaction, the certificate holder provides the CVP to the verifier, the verifier knows about the validity status of the certificate by verifying CVP efficiently without any extra information except the certificate. The CVP is created by multi-operations with a HASH function and operations are associated with the current time. The suggested scheme is principally simple with characteristics of distributed processing, high security, low communication costs and good practicability.
A Voice-based Multimodal User Interface for VTQuest (2005)

The original VTQuest web-based software system requires users to interact using a mouse or a keyboard, forcing the users ’ hands and eyes to be constantly in use while communicating with the system. This prevents the user from being able to perform other tasks which require the user’s hands or eyes at the same time. This restriction on the user’s ability to multitask while using VTQuest is unnecessary and has been eliminated with the creation of the VTQuest Voice web-based software system. VTQuest Voice extends the original VTQuest functionality by providing the user with a voice interface to interact with the system using the Speech Application Language Tags (SALT) technology. The voice interface provides the user with the ability to navigate through the site, submit queries, browse query results, and receive helpful hints to better utilize the voice system. Individuals with a handicap that prevents them from using their arms or hands, users who are not familiar with the mouse and keyboard style of communication, and those who have their hands preoccupied need alternative communication interfaces which do not require the use of their hands. All of these users require and benefit from a voice interface being added onto VTQuest. Through the use of the voice interface, all of the system’s features can be
<title>Lateral and z-axial resolution in laser optoacoustic imaging with ultrasonic transducers</title> (1995)

Our studies are directed towards the development of a pulsed laser based optoacoustic technique to visualize absorbed light distribution in irradiated tissues. Optoacoustic technique utilizes the time-resolved detection of laser-induced stress transients to visualize absorbed laser fluence distribution in opaque and heterogeneous tissues. The acoustic signal induced under confined stress conditions of irradiation by an Nd:YAG laser pulse displays Z-axial light distribution and may be used for imaging the tissue layers where a temperature-rise of about 1 degree(s)C is achieved. Scanning of the acoustic transducer along the tissue surface line by line until entire surface of interest is tested, permits reconstruction of a 3D optoacoustic image of the irradiated tissue. Z-axial resolution of optoacoustic imaging is defined as a product of the temporal resolution of piezoelectric transducer and the speed of sound in tissues. Lateral (radial) resolution of optoacoustic images is a funtion of piezoelectric detector diameter, the diameter of laser-induced acoustic wave, and a depth of optoacoustic probing (acoustic diffraction factor). The role of various parameters, such as tissue optical properties, tissue thickness, laser beam diameter, and diameter of piezoelectric element, were evaluated for imaging resolution in lateral direction. The results of our studies demonstrated that a broad- band acoustic transducer may become a useful tool for in vivo diagnostic imaging and feed- back information during clinical laser procedures. First in vivo measurements were performed and found to be in agreement with tissue histology. This study is a very first step in the basic design of optoacoustic tomographic technology for light absorbing tissues.
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoretic Analysis of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterial Community Structure in the Lower Seine River: Impact of Paris Wastewater Effluents (2004)

The Seine River is strongly affected by the effluents from the Acheres wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) downstream of the city of Paris. We have shown that the effluents introduce large amounts of ammonia and inoculate the receiving medium with nitrifying bacteria. The aim of the present study was to investigate the diversity of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial population by identifying autochthonous bacteria from upstream and/or allochthonous ammonia-oxidizing bacteria from the WWTP effluents. Measurements of potential nitrifying activity, competitive PCR, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S ribosomal DNA fragments specific to ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were used to explore the succession and shifts of the ammonia-oxidizing community in the lower Seine River and to analyze the temporal and spatial functioning of the system at several different sampling dates. A major revelation was the stability of the patterns. The CTO primers used in this study (G. A. Kowalchuk, J. R. Stephen, W. D. Boer, J. I. Prosser, T. M. Embley, and J. W. Woldendorp, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1489-1497, 1997) were shown not to be completely specific to AOB of the beta subclass of Proteobacteria. We further demonstrated that when DGGE patterns are interpreted, all the different bands must be sequenced, as one major DGGE band proved to be affiliated with a group of non-AOB in the beta subclass of Proteobacteria. The majority of AOB (75 to 90%) present in the lower Seine river downstream of the effluent output belong to lineage 6a, represented by Nitrosomonas oligotropha- and Nitrosomonas ureae-like bacteria. This dominant lineage was represented by three bands on the DGGE gel. The major lineage-6a AOB species, introduced by the WWTP effluents, survived and might have grown in the receiving medium far downstream, in the estuary; it represented about 40% of the whole AOB population. The other two species belonging to lineage 6a seem to be autochthonous bacteria. One of them developed a few kilometers downstream of the WWTP effluent input in an ammonia-enriched environment, and the other appeared in the freshwater part of the estuary and was apparently more adapted to estuarine conditions, i.e., an increase in the amount of suspended matter, a low ammonia concentration, and high turnover of organic matter. The rest of the AOB population was represented in equal proportions by Nitrosospira- and Nitrosococcus mobilis-like species.
High-speed quantum random number generation by measuring phase noise of a single-mode laser (2010)

We present a high-speed random number generation scheme based on measuring the quantum phase noise of a single-mode laser operating at a low intensity level near the lasing threshold. A delayed self-heterodyning system has been developed to measure the random phase fluctuation. By actively stabilizing the phase of the interferometer, a random number generation rate of 500 Mbit/s has been demonstrated and the generated random numbers have passed all the DIEHARD tests.
On Improving The Performance Of Multiplierless Dct Algorithms (2006)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Florence, Italy, 2006
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Origin of Ewing's Sarcoma (2010)

The origin of Ewing's sarcoma is a subject of much debate. Once thought to be derived from primitive neuroectodermal cells, many now believe it to arise from a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). Expression of the EWS-FLI1 fusion gene in MSCs changes cell morphology to resemble Ewing's sarcoma and induces expression of neuroectodermal markers. In murine cells, transformation to sarcomas can occur. In knockdown experiments, Ewing's sarcoma cells develop characteristics of MSCs and the ability to differentiate into mesodermal lineages. However, it cannot be concluded that MSCs are the cell of origin. The concept of an MSC still needs to be rigorously defined, and there may be different subpopulations of mesenchymal pluripotential cells. Furthermore, EWS-FLI1 by itself does not transform human cells, and cooperating mutations appear to be necessary. Therefore, while it is possible that Ewing's sarcoma may originate from a primitive mesenchymal cell, the idea needs to be refined further.
A primer extension assay for modification of guanine by Ni(ll) complexes (1993)

Journal Article A primer extension assay for modification of guanine by Ni(ll) complexes Get access Sarah A. Woodson, Sarah A. Woodson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James G. Muller, James G. Muller 1Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony BrookStony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cynthia J. Burrows, Cynthia J. Burrows 1Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony BrookStony Brook, NY 11794-3400, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Steven E. Rokita Steven E. Rokita Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 21, Issue 23, 25 November 1993, Pages 5524–5525, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/21.23.5524 Published: 25 November 1993 Article history Received: 13 September 1993 Revision received: 19 October 1993 Accepted: 19 October 1993 Published: 25 November 1993
Cooling molecules in a cell for FTMW spectroscopy (2012)

Abstract Gas phase benzonitrile, acetone, 1-2 propanediol, fluorobenzene, and anisole molecules are produced in a cell at a temperature of 8 K, and detected via Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy (FTMW). Helium buffer gas is used to cool the molecules originating from a high flux room temperature beam. This general, continuous source of cold molecules offers comparable spectral resolution to existing seeded pulsed supersonic beam/FTMW spectroscopy experiments but with higher number sensitivity. It is also an attractive tool for quantitative studies of cold molecule–helium and molecule–molecule elastic and inelastic collisions. Preliminary data on helium–molecule low temperature rotational and vibrational relaxation cross-sections are presented. Applications of the technique as a sensitive broad spectrum mixture analyser and a high resolution slow-beam spectrometer are discussed. Keywords: molecular spectroscopybuffer gas coolingFourier transform microwave spectroscopy Notes Notes 1. The helium density is estimated from the known helium flow rate, temperature, and cell geometry; direct measurement of helium densities in similar geometries and flow regimes have confirmed that this calculation is accurate to within 30% Citation44. 2. This is only true in the 'high temperature limit', where the spectrometer central frequency ħω < k B T; below this temperature to noise scales as F = NT −3/2 R 1/2. For the 12–18 GHz band used here, the high temperature limit is applicable for any T ≳ 1 K. 3. In both our work and many supersonic beam experiments the total molecule number N is poorly quantified. Our steady state density is estimated at n = 1012, and total number at N = 1015. A typical 'bright' seeded supersonic source has a total N = 1 × 1015 molecules pulse−1, spread over a 500 µs pulse and moving at ≈1000 m s−1. Taking Citation18 as a typical example, the molecules are interrogated as they cross a microwave beam with a width of about 10 cm; at most 10% of the molecules are in the spectrometer beam at any given time.
Measurement of urinary cystatin C by particle-enhanced nephelometric immunoassay: precision, interferences, stability and reference range (2004)

Urinary cystatin C measurement by PENIA is precise. High stability and no interference add to the practicability of urinary cystatin C as a routine biochemical test.
Design rules and test of electrostatic micromotors made by the LIGA process (1994)

Electrostatic stepping micromotors have been designed with regard to low rotor friction on the axle. The design rules are determined using two-dimensional FEM calculations and taking into consideration the particular rotor position during motion. The motors are fabricated by a fully integrated LIGA process. The minimum driving voltages needed are measured to be about 60 V. Determination of the coefficients of friction in operation completes the rules for future designs.
AN INTEGRATED PEF PILOT PLANT FOR CONTINUOUS NONTHERMAL PASTEURIZATION OF FRESH ORANGE JUICE (1998)

A pilot plant scale pulsed electric field (PEF) continuous processing system was integrated with an asepticpackaging machine to demonstrate the efficacy of PEF technology as a nonthermal pasteurization method for freshorange juice. Major system components include a 40,000 V/17 MWp high voltage pulse generator, a set of multiple stageco-field flow PEF treatment chambers, a fluid handling system for flow control and a Benco Aspack/2 aseptic thermalform packaging machine. Orange juice was processed at a 75 ~ 125 L/h flow rate and packed aseptically into 200 mLplastic cup containers. Microbially enhanced orange juice (MEOJ) tests validated the microbial inactivation effect of thisintegrated PEF system. The PEF treated and aseptically packaged fresh orange juice demonstrated the feasibility of PEFtechnology to extend the product shelf life with very little loss of flavor, vitamin C, and color.
Understanding and Improving Interpolation in Autoencoders via an Adversarial Regularizer (2018)

Autoencoders provide a powerful framework for learning compressed representations by encoding all of the information needed to reconstruct a data point in a latent code. In some cases, autoencoders can "interpolate": By decoding the convex combination of the latent codes for two datapoints, the autoencoder can produce an output which semantically mixes characteristics from the datapoints. In this paper, we propose a regularization procedure which encourages interpolated outputs to appear more realistic by fooling a critic network which has been trained to recover the mixing coefficient from interpolated data. We then develop a simple benchmark task where we can quantitatively measure the extent to which various autoencoders can interpolate and show that our regularizer dramatically improves interpolation in this setting. We also demonstrate empirically that our regularizer produces latent codes which are more effective on downstream tasks, suggesting a possible link between interpolation abilities and learning useful representations.