gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of the Estrogen Receptor in Hen Oviduct: Evidence for Two Molecular Species* (1980)

Isolation of the estrogen receptor was undertaken for comparison with the progesterone receptor with respect to seasonal variations in receptor level and function and the specificity of nuclear binding sites in the hen oviduct. The estrogen receptor in the chick and hen oviduct has been only partially characterized, with conflicting or incomplete information on its properties. We have isolated a binding protein and have partially purified it by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The binding protein displays a single, high affinity class of sites (Kd similar to 10(-10) M) with a low capacity (35 fmol/mg protein) for 17beta-estradiol, shows a marked specificity for estrogenic compound, and is tissue specific. The protein sediments at approximately 8S in low salt and at approximately 4S in high salt conditions. The protein elutes from molecular sieve chromatography (agarose-0.5 m) in high salt conditions (0.3 M KCI) in a molecular weight range of approximately 60,000. DEAE chromatography and isoelectric focusing suggest that there are two molecular species, one focusing at pH 6.8 and the other at pH 7.3. Estrogen complexed to this protein will bind to nuclear acceptor sites in a cell-free assay in which free estrogen, estrogen bound to serum proteins, and [3H]estradiol receptor exchanged with a 100-fold excess of cold estradiol do not bind. Binding to nuclei is saturable and displaceable by an excess of nonradioactive estrogen receptor complexes under conditions of constant protein concentration. The above results represent the most detailed characterization to date of the cytosol estrogen receptor of hen oviduct This is the first demonstration of saturable, receptor-dependent, cell-free binding to target organ nuclei.
Prolonged neurophysiologic effects of levetiracetam after oral administration in humans (2008)

There is a substantial time lag between LEV serum levels and TMS measures of neuronal effects, and a similar temporal dissociation between subjective toxicity and maximum TMS change. The time course of neurophysiological effects, as measured by TMS, may help to explain the sustained clinical efficacy of LEV despite a short peripheral half-life.
Peer Reviewed: Design Through the 12 Principles of Green Engineering (2003)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVFeaturesNEXTPeer Reviewed: Design Through the 12 Principles of Green EngineeringSustainability requires objectives at the molecular, product, process, and system levels.Paul T. Anastas and Julie B. ZimmermanCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, 5, 94A–101APublication Date (Web):March 1, 2003Publication History Published online1 March 2003Published inissue 1 March 2003https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es032373ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/es032373gnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views35897Altmetric-Citations945LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (324 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
[Stabilization of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash with the thiol collectors]. (2007)

Three kinds of thiol collector, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), potassium ethyl xanthate (EXT) and ammonium dibutyl dithiphosphate (DDTP), were adopted to stabilize heavy metals from municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI fly ash). The concentration of the three thiol collectors was all 62.5 micromol x g(-1) fly ash. Scanning electron microscopic observation shows that, the thiol collectors evenly cover on the surface of fly ash which makes the angles of mineral crystal ambiguous. Furthermore, the leaching characteristics of heavy metal Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn in fly ash were analyzed according to the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the horizontal vibration method. Comparing with Na2S, thiol collectors present better stabilization effects for Cu and Pb when the extractant is 0.1 mol x L(-1) acetic acid. DDTC stabilizes almost all the acid-extractable Cu, and DDTP stabilizes 69.2% of acid-extractable Pb. When extracted by water, the stabilization ratios of the five heavy metals by DDTC, EXT and DDTP are 72.6%, 73.5% and 76.8%, respectively, significantly higher than that by Na2S (52.4%). The affinity preference of the thiol collectors for the five heavy metals is generally in the order of Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd > Zn. Also, over 60% of the collector participates in the chelating reaction with the acid-extractable heavy metals. Under neutral and alkali condition (pH > 6) the chelators of heavy metal-thiol collector are steady, but partly dissolved under acid condition (pH < 6). Evidently, in order to obtain better heavy metal stabilization effects, it is important to maintain the acid buffer capacity of stabilized fly ash at a higher level.
ANKRD13C Acts as a Molecular Chaperone for G Protein-coupled Receptors (2010)

Although the mechanisms that regulate folding and maturation of newly synthesized G protein-coupled receptors are crucial for their function, they remain poorly characterized. By yeast two-hybrid screening, we have isolated ANKRD13C, a protein of unknown function, as an interacting partner for the DP receptor for prostaglandin D(2). In the present study we report the characterization of this novel protein as a regulator of DP biogenesis and trafficking in the biosynthetic pathway. Co-localization by confocal microscopy with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) marker, subcellular fractionation experiments, and demonstration of the interaction between ANKRD13C and the cytoplasmic C terminus of DP suggest that ANKRD13C is a protein associated with the cytosolic side of ER membranes. Co-expression of ANKRD13C with DP initially increased receptor protein levels, whereas siRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous ANKRD13C decreased them. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that ANKRD13C can promote the biogenesis of DP by inhibiting the degradation of newly synthesized receptors. However, a prolonged interaction between ANKRD13C and DP resulted in ER retention of misfolded/unassembled forms of the receptor and to their proteasome-mediated degradation. ANKRD13C also regulated the expression of other GPCRs tested (CRTH2, thromboxane A(2) (TPα), and β2-adrenergic receptor), whereas it did not affect the expression of green fluorescent protein, GRK2 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2), and VSVG (vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein), showing specificity toward G protein-coupled receptors. Altogether, these results suggest that ANKRD13C acts as a molecular chaperone for G protein-coupled receptors, regulating their biogenesis and exit from the ER.
Production and Characteristics of Raw Starch-Digesting Glucoamylase O from a Protease-Negative, Glycosidase-Negative <i>Aspergillus awamori</i> var. <i>kawachi</i> Mutant (1983)

Production of a raw starch-digesting glucoamylase O (GA O) by protease-negative, glycosidase-negative mutant strain HF-15 of Aspergillus awamori var. kawachi was undertaken under submerged culture conditions. The purified GA O was electrophoretically homogeneous and similar to the parent glucoamylase I (GA I) in the hydrolysis curves toward gelatinized potato starch, raw starch, and glycogen and in its thermostability and pH stability, but it was different in molecular weight and carbohydrate content (250,000 and 24.3% for GA O, 90,000 and ca. 7% for GA I, respectively). The chitin-bound GA O hydrolyzed raw starch but the chitin-bound GA I failed to digest raw starch because chitin was adsorbed at the raw starch affinity site of the GA I molecule. The removal of the raw starch affinity site of GA O with subtilisin led to the formation of a modified GA O (molecular weight, 170,000), which hydrolyzed glycogen 100%, similar to GA O and GA I, and was adsorbed onto chitin and fungal cell wall but not onto raw starch, Avicel, or chitosan. The modified GA I (molecular weight, 83,000) derived by treatment with substilisin hydrolyzed glycogen up to only 80% and failed to be adsorbed onto any of the above polysaccharides. The N-bromosuccinimide-oxidized GA O lost its activity toward gelatinized and raw starches, but the abilities to be adsorbed onto raw starch and chitin were preserved. It was thus suggested that both the raw starch affinity site essential for raw starch digestion and the chitin-binding site specific for the binding with chitin in the cell wall could be different from the active site, located in the three respective positions in the GA O molecule.
<i>ODORANT1</i>Regulates Fragrance Biosynthesis in Petunia Flowers (2005)

Floral scent is important to plant reproduction because it attracts pollinators to the sexual organs. Therefore, volatile emission is usually tuned to the foraging activity of the pollinators. In Petunia hybrida, volatile benzenoids determine the floral aroma. Although the pathways for benzenoid biosynthesis have been characterized, the enzymes involved are less well understood. How production and emission are regulated is unknown. By targeted transcriptome analyses, we identified ODORANT1 (ODO1), a member of the R2R3-type MYB family, as a candidate for the regulation of volatile benzenoids in Petunia hybrida cv W115 (Mitchell) flowers. These flowers are only fragrant in the evening and at night. Transcript levels of ODO1 increased before the onset of volatile emission and decreased when volatile emission declined. Downregulation of ODO1 in transgenic P. hybrida Mitchell plants strongly reduced volatile benzenoid levels through decreased synthesis of precursors from the shikimate pathway. The transcript levels of several genes in this pathway were reduced by suppression of ODO1 expression. Moreover, ODO1 could activate the promoter of the 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase gene. Flower pigmentation, which is furnished from the same shikimate precursors, was not influenced because color and scent biosynthesis occur at different developmental stages. Our studies identify ODO1 as a key regulator of floral scent biosynthesis.
Tightly Coupled Array of Horizontal Dipoles Over a Ground Plane (2019)

The design and performance of a circular array of tightly coupled horizontally polarized dipoles placed close to a ground plane is discussed. The dipoles are resonated with the ground plane below, a conducting reflector behind, a capacitive load in front, and a dielectric slab ring above to provide a 3.45:1 impedance bandwidth and consistent radiation patterns near the horizon, both as an omnidirectional radiator and as an array of four sectoral antennas. The design process is simplified by using a unit cell with periodic boundary conditions, and the effects of each resonance are characterized to provide design insight. Then, a theoretical analysis of the radiated fields of the array is performed, explaining nulls found in the radiation pattern near the horizon. A dielectric slab is added to mitigate this problem, and the effects of its dimensions on the radiation pattern and impedance match are presented. The array is fabricated and measured, and excellent agreement between simulation and measurement is observed. The array is found to provide > t1 dBi of horizon gain per sector (8 dBi max) with a cross-polarization ratio better than 18 dB or > t9 dBi of gain as an omnidirectional antenna at the horizon (8 dBi max) with a cross-polarization ratio better than 9 dB.
The Structure of Prostaglandin E, F1 and F2. (1962)

This short article reports the chemical degradations necessary to elucidate the structure of prostaglandins E F1 and F2. It is pointed out that most identifications of these compounds have been nonclassical i.e. by mass spectrometry of fractions isolated by gas chromatography and comparison of the masspectrograms with synthetic compounds. The 5-step degradation is pictured stereochemically and the procedures are outlined stepwise.
Possible Role of Microtubules in Thyroid Secretion (1970)

Colchicine and other microtubule-active agents have been found to block the release, stimulated by either thyroid-stimulating hormone or by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate, of (131)I from previously (131)I-labeled mouse thyroid glands in vitro. The time and concentration characteristics of these inhibitors are consistent with their actions on microtubules in other systems. [(3)H]colchicine was also shown to be bound to a soluble 6S protein of bovine thyroid slices similar to the protein identified in other systems as a microtubular subunit. The demonstrated inhibition of colloid droplet formation and absence of an effect on thyroidal adenyl cyclase or cyclic 3':5'-phosphodiesterase suggests a colchicine-sensitive role for microtubules in colloid endocytosis in the thyroid gland.
A Pilot Study Assessing the Safety and Latency-Reversing Activity of Disulfiram in HIV-1-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy (2013)

Administration of disulfiram to patients on antiretroviral therapy does not reduce the size of the latent reservoir. A possible dose-related effect on residual viremia supports future studies assessing the impact of higher doses on HIV-1 production. Disulfiram affects relevant signaling pathways and can be safely administered, supporting future studies of this drug.
Radiation therapy and chemotherapy in the conservative treatment of carcinoma of the anal canal: survival and late morbidity in a series of 25 patients. (1997)

Combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy have been reported to produce a high incidence of complete regression of epithelial cancer of the anal canal. Our group has treated 25 patients since June 1986. Treatment included chemotherapy (first period: Mitomycin C + 5-Fluorouracil; second period: Carboplatin + 5-Fluorouracil) and simultaneous whole-pelvis irradiation (50.40 Gy). Our results confirm that radiochemotherapy can achieve good local control: all patients were in complete clinical remission three months after the completion of combined therapy. Seven, patients developed recurrences; the actuarial survival rate was 78.5% and the disease free survival rate 67%. Acute toxicity was tolerable, but a relatively high number of patients exhibited chronic treatment-related symptoms. In order to reduce late side effects, other studies are necessary to explore if, in patients with small tumors, less extensive locoregional treatment can be effective without reducing the survival rate.
Cis−Trans Proline Isomerization Effects on Collagen Triple-Helix Stability Are Limited (2009)

We investigated the effect of restricting cis-trans proline isomerization on collagen triple-helix stability. The Pro residues at the Xaa and Yaa positions of an (Xaa-Yaa-Gly) triplet were replaced by a Pro-trans-Pro alkene isostere in the host-guest peptide, H-(Pro-Pro-Gly)(10)-OH. The resulting alkene isostere peptide had a T(m) value 53.6 degrees C lower than that of the control peptide. The Pro-trans-Pro alkene isostere peptide had a T(m) value 3.9 degrees C higher than that of the previously reported Pro-trans-Gly alkene isostere peptide that did not involve cis-trans Pro isomerization (Jenkins, C. L.; Vasbinder, M. M.; Miller, S. J.; Raines, R. T. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 2619-22). Thus, single cis-trans proline amide isomerization alone has limited contribution to the overall stability of the collagen triple helix. Since collagen has a high content of imino acid residues, the cumulative effects of cis-trans isomerization may be quite significant. The peptide containing the Pro-trans-Pro isostere was significantly less stable than the previously reported Gly-trans-Pro alkene isostere peptide that retained the backbone interchain hydrogen bond (Dai, N.; Wang, X. J.; Etzkorn, F. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 5396-5397), which confirms that direct interchain backbone hydrogen bonding is a major force for stabilizing the collagen triple helix.
Endogenous Purification Reveals GREB1 as a Key Estrogen Receptor Regulatory Factor (2013)

Estrogen receptor-α (ER) is the driving transcription factor in most breast cancers, and its associated proteins can influence drug response, but direct methods for identifying interacting proteins have been limited. We purified endogenous ER using an approach termed RIME (rapid immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry of endogenous proteins) and discovered the interactome under agonist- and antagonist-liganded conditions in breast cancer cells, revealing transcriptional networks in breast cancer. The most estrogen-enriched ER interactor is GREB1, a potential clinical biomarker with no known function. GREB1 is shown to be a chromatin-bound ER coactivator and is essential for ER-mediated transcription, because it stabilizes interactions between ER and additional cofactors. We show a GREB1-ER interaction in three xenograft tumors, and using a directed protein-protein approach, we find GREB1-ER interactions in half of ER(+) primary breast cancers. This finding is supported by histological expression of GREB1, which shows that GREB1 is expressed in half of ER(+) cancers, and predicts good clinical outcome. These findings reveal an unexpected role for GREB1 as an estrogen-specific ER cofactor that is expressed in drug-sensitive contexts.
Tetrodotoxin‐sensitive, K<sup>+</sup>‐induced relaxation of guinea‐pig isolated trachealis in the presence of Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐entry blocking drugs, Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐free solution and after polyamine exposure (1986)

We have previously observed a paradoxical relaxant effect of K+ on guinea-pig isolated trachealis after exposure to polyamines. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether the relaxation involved a reduction in the entry of extracellular Ca2+. We therefore investigated the effect of K+ in the presence of Ca2+-entry blocking drugs and in the presence of Ca2+-free solution. In the presence of nifedipine (10(-5) M), verapamil (10(-5) M) or diltiazem (10(-5) M), K+ (30 mM) induced relaxation of the trachealis muscle. The relaxation to K+ was not blocked by ouabain (10(-6) M), propranolol (10(-6) M), or indomethacin (10(-6) M). A relaxation in response to K+ was also observed in Ca2+-free solution, (with tone induced by methacholine), an effect not blocked by propranolol or ouabain. Tetraethylammonium (30 mM) (TEA), which ordinarily evokes contractile responses, induced trachealis relaxation in the presence of verapamil or nifedipine. The relaxation was unaltered by ouabain or propranolol. Tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M) (TTX) blocked 65% of the K+-induced relaxation in the presence of nifedipine and 100% of K+-induced relaxation either in a Ca2+-free solution or after polyamine exposure. TTX was without effect on TEA-induced relaxation after Ca2+-entry blocking drugs. Atropine (10(-6) M) or hexamethonium (10(-6) M) did not affect K+-induced relaxation after polyamine exposure. The concentration-response curve for K+-induced contraction in normal modified Krebs-Henseleit solution was shifted to the left by TTX. 8 It is concluded: (a) K+ has a direct effect on the trachealis causing contraction and an indirect effect, mediated by neurotransmitter release, causing relaxation. This latter effect is exposed when the direct effect is inhibited by Ca2+-entry blocking drugs, Ca2+-free solution or polyamine exposure; the indirect effect is non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic and not via ganglionic transmission; (b) the TEAinduced relaxation and a component of the K+-induced relaxation after Ca2+ blocking drugs cannot be explained by neurotransmitter release; (c) polyamines may act as naturally occurring Ca2+ antagonists.
Tumor gene signature associated with neurotoxicity in R/R B-ALL patients treated with JCAR015, a CD19-directed CAR T cell product. (2018)

7007 Background: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor modified T (CAR T) cells produce therapeutic responses in adult R/R B-ALL. However, CAR T therapy is also associated with serious toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity (NT). NT mechanisms are emerging and thus far efforts have focused on patient factors and CAR T product attributes and performance post infusion. Methods: RNA-Seq analyses was performed on pre-apheresis bone marrow samples obtained from 31 JCAR015 treated patients (ROCKET trial; NCT02535364). Results: Gene expression analysis identified a gene set that is differentially expressed between severe (grades 4-5, n = 7) NT patients and low (grades 0-1, n = 10) NT patients. The NT associated genes clustered B-ALL samples in public datasets (TARGET and GSE79533) by molecular subtype, with genes highly expressed in low NT ROCKET patients also being highly expressed in Ph+ and Ph-like subtypes. Genes highly expressed in severe NT ROCKET patients were highly expressed in non Ph-like subtypes in the public datasets. Machine learning applied to all ROCKET patients classified 16 patients as having Ph-like gene expression and 15 patients having non Ph-like expression. No grade 4+ NT events occurred in Ph-like patients, and grades 3+ (p = 0.03) and 4+ NT (p = 0.0002) were significantly more frequent in the non Ph-like patients. Looking at 3 other B-ALL CD19 CAR T studies (FHCRC2639, NCT01865617; MSK 09-114, NCT01044069 and PLAT-02, NCT02028455), no grade 4+ NT events were observed in any Ph+ patients, suggesting that this finding may not be limited to the ROCKET trial. Pre CAR T infusion plasma levels of CCL17, a chemokine highly expressed by RNA-Seq in low NT ROCKET patients and in the Ph-like B-ALL datasets, were also significantly higher in the grade 0-1 versus grade 4-5 NT group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This exploratory analysis suggests that B-ALL subtypes differ in risk for CD19 CAR T associated NT with Ph-like patients being at significantly lower risk than non Ph-like patients. Risk stratification by molecular subtype or gene expression signature could play an important role in identifying patients at elevated risk for severe NT.
The Mechanism of Single-Step Liftoff with Chlorobenzene in a Diazo-Type Resist (1982)

The mechanism of the chlorobenzene single-step liftoff process is defined. The chlorobenzene penetrates to some depth into the resist film during the soaking cycle, extracting residual casting solvent and low-molecular-weight resin species. The chlorobenzene is subsequently removed by a rinse cycle. The penetrated layer of resist develops at a slower rate than the underlying bulk resist, producing the liftoff structure.
Local and systemic neutrophilic inflammation in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2013)

The results from this study demonstrate higher degree of local and systemic neutrophilic inflammation in patients with lung cancer (with or without COPD) than in patients with COPD.