gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16873: Association of Preoperative Cell-Free DNA Levels and Outcome Following Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass (2020)

Introduction: Preoperative risk stratification in congenital cardiac surgery includes patient and procedure related factors, which may be used in clinical decision making as well program performance evaluation. Despite these tools, unidentified factors contribute to wide variation in outcomes both within and between centers. Identification of latent physiologic risk factors may strengthen predictive models. Hypothesis: Total cell-free DNA (TCF) functions as a biomarker for cellular injury as well as a pro-inflammatory cytokine. We hypothesized that elevated preoperative TCF would be associated with poor outcome following pediatric cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: Prospective observational study of children age < 18 yr and wt > 3 kg undergoing planned CPB surgery. The Children’s Wisconsin Institutional Review Board approved the protocol . A serum TCF sample was obtained after induction of anesthesia prior to surgical incision. The primary outcome measure was a composite of postoperative cardiac arrest, ECMO, or death (CAED). Association of outcome to TCF was assessed by logistic regression with a cutpoint chosen by ROC curve exploration. Odds ratios with 95% CI were calculated. Results: Data were available in 117 patients, median age 0.9 years (range 0-17.4), median weight 7.8kg (range 3.2-98). The primary outcome (CAED) was met in 6/117 (5.1%). Table 1 summarizes characteristics of patients with and without CAED. Risk of CAED was 2% with TCF<20 ng/ml, and 27% with TCF>20 ng/ml (OR=18.2, CI 2.2- 212, p<0.01). Elevated TCF was associated to fewer hospital free days (GLM p<0.01). Data in table reported as median [IQR]. Conclusions: Preoperative TCF has an important association with postoperative cardiac arrest, ECMO, and death. Alternative or intensified treatment strategies could be considered in patients with elevated preoperative TCF.
類神經網路於製程管制之應用：具相關性數據特性模型之偵測與分析 (1999)

摘要 近年來學者陸續提出以類神經網路進行製程非隨機性模型偵測與分析之硏究，且具有不錯之成效。然而，此類研究大多假設製程中之資訊爲相互獨立，鮮少探討具相關特性製程數據之偵測，因此，本研究旨在以類神經網路中之倒傳遞網路爲基礎發展一能處理具有相關性數據特性的平均値瞬間跳動模型辨識系統。利用神經網路優越之學習、歸納及辨識能力，達到迅速且正確地辨識出變異模型的目的。研究中除以平均串連長度爲指標進行系統效益之評估，並進行各項影響網路偵測效益的參數分析，提供適當之參數組合，以獲得一個較合理的系統辨認效率。
The Addition of Hydrogen Chloride to Isobutylene<sup>1</sup> (1947)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Addition of Hydrogen Chloride to Isobutylene1Frank R. Mayo and Joseph J. KatzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1947, 69, 6, 1339–1348Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1947Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1947https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01198a031RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views123Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
The Treatment of Primary Vertebral Tumors by Radical Resection and Prosthetic Vertebral Replacement (1987)

The basic principles for the treatment of primary vertebral tumors include radical resection of the tumor, insertion of a prosthetic vertebral body, and bone grafting within and around the prosthetic vertebral body. Since 1970, the authors have treated 12 cases with this procedure. In order to improve the vertebral prosthesis, 94 dried adult vertebral column specimens were studied. The anterior cortex of each vertebral body was thicker than the posterior cortex. The thickness of the anterior cortex of the dorsolumbar vertebral bodies progressively increases from the proximal to caudal vertebra. The lower lumbar vertebrae are therefore almost twice as thick as the upper dorsal vertebrae. The cortices of the vertebral bodies, especially the anterior cortex, serve as a strut against the pressure of the prosthesis. Four types of prostheses were used. The Type 1 prosthesis failed to take into account the anatomic features of the dorsolumbar vertebral bodies in cross section. Types 2, 3, and 4 are modified versions with specific indications for their use.
A Recognition Framework for Facial Expression by Expression HMM and Posterior Probability (2005)

I propose a framework for detecting, recognizing and classifying facial features based on learned expression patterns. The framework recognizes facial expressions by using PCA and expression HMM(EHMM) which is Hidden Markov Model (HMM) approach to represent the spatial information and the temporal dynamics of the time varying visual expression patterns. Because the low level spatial feature extraction is fused with the temporal analysis, a unified spatio-temporal approach of HMM to common detection, tracking and classification problems is effective. The proposed recognition framework is accomplished by applying posterior probability between current visual observations and previous visual evidences. Consequently, the framework shows accurate and robust results of recognition on as well simple expressions as basic 6 facial feature patterns. The method allows us to perform a set of important tasks such as facial-expression recognition, HCI and key-frame extraction.
Bifurcated stent-graft for abdominal aortic aneurysm (1997)

The purpose of this study was to examine bifurcated stent-graft implantation for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Fifty-seven patients were treated and followed with serial computed tomography scans for up to 3 years. Patients were allocated to three groups (first 20, second 20, last 17) according to when the repair was performed. Successful treatment is defined as exclusion of the aneurysm from the circulation, based on contrast computed tomography. Success rates in the three groups were 55%, 70% and 100%. Perigraft leak (endoleak) was present on initial assessment in 4/20, 2/20 and 1/17. Two of these aneurysms ruptured early in the postoperative period. Thereafter, leaks were sought and treated aggressively. Kinking and thrombosis occurred in six of the first 20 patients, but did not occur in any of the last 37 patients, in whom the graft limbs were routinely stent-supported throughout. Infrarenal implantation in very a short neck (< 10 mm), or a thrombus-lined neck was associated with proximal stent migration. In conclusion, changes in patient selection and technique have led to a steady rise in the short-term success rate of the stent-grafted implantation.
Regulation of cholesterol metabolism by dietary plant sterols (1999)

Renewal has occurred in the use of plant sterols for the treatment of hypercholesterolemias. A novel development was to convert plant sterols to corresponding stanols and esterify them to fat soluble form. In contrast to the crystalline plant sterols or stanols, plant stanol esters can be easily consumed during normal food intake in soluble form in different fat-containing food constituents when they have a potent cholesterol-lowering effect, shown in normo- and hypercholesterolemic men and women without or with coronary heart disease, children and diabetes. Cholesterol lowering is approximately 10% for total and 15% for LDL cholesterol, with the respective values for stanol ester margarine (2-3 g/day stanols) being 15% and 20%. Stanol esters reduce cholesterol absorption efficiency by up to 65%, increase cholesterol elimination in feces as cholesterol itself, usually not as bile acids, and stimulate cholesterol synthesis. Serum beta-carotene level is lowered, but no fat malabsorption or lowering of serum fat soluble vitamins have been observed. In contrast to plant sterols, stanols and their esters are minimally absorbed and they reduce serum plant sterol concentrations, also preventing statin-induced increase of plant sterols. Stanol ester margarine has been included in dietary treatment of hypercholesterolemia followed by the addition of drug treatment in resistant cases.
Flow‐independent T<sub>2</sub>‐prepared inversion recovery black‐blood MR imaging (2009)

T(2)Prep-IR may overcome the flow dependence of DIR by providing robust flow-independent black-blood images.
Gli2 modulates cell cycle re-entry through autophagy-mediated regulation of the length of primary cilia (2018)

The primary cilium is a tiny cell protrusion known to transduce key extracellular signals, including those of the sonic hedgehog pathway, which activates Gli transcription factors for various cellular functions. To understand the significance of the Gli2 transcription factor in fibroblasts, we establish a Gli2-knockout NIH3T3 cell line by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Surprisingly, NIH3T3 fibroblasts lacking Gli2 expression through gene knockout or RNA interference possess longer primary cilia after stimulation of ciliogenesis by serum starvation. This lengthening of primary cilia is associated with enhanced autophagy-mediated Ofd1 degradation, and can be reversed by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy. Meanwhile, flow cytometry reveals that Gli2<sup>-/-</sup> NIH3T3 fibroblasts exhibit a delay in cell cycle re-entry after serum re-stimulation. Ablation of their primary cilia through Kif3a knockdown rescues the delay in cell cycle re-entry. These results suggest that Gli2 plays an unexpected role in cell cycle re-entry through an autophagy-mediated regulation on ciliary length in fibroblasts.
The active site of β-glucosidase from <i>Botryodiplodia theobromae</i>. Effects of pH and dioxan on enzyme-catalysed reactions (1977)

1. The hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside by the high-molecular-weight beta-glucosidase (beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.21) of Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat in the absence or presence of added dioxan was found to be dependent on the ionization of two groups, which appeared to be a carboxyl group and an imidazole group. 2. Dioxan increased the Michaelis constant, Km, but decreased the maximum velocity, V.
Quasi<i>in situ</i>Ni<i>K</i>-edge EXAFS investigation of the spent NiMo catalyst from ultra-deep hydrodesulfurization of gas oil in a commercial plant (2010)

Ni species on the spent NiMo catalyst from ultra-deep hydrodesulfurization of gas oil in a commercial plant were studied by Ni K-edge EXAFS and TEM measurement without contact of the catalysts with air. The Ni–Mo coordination shell related to the Ni–Mo–S phase was observed in the spent catalyst by quasi in situ Ni K-edge EXAFS measurement with a newly constructed high-pressure chamber. The coordination number of this shell was almost identical to that obtained by in situ Ni K-edge EXAFS measurement of the fresh catalyst sulfided at 1.1 MPa. On the other hand, large agglomerates of Ni3S2 were observed only in the spent catalyst by quasi in situ TEM/EDX measurement. MoS2-like slabs were sintered slightly on the spent catalyst, where they were destacked to form monolayer slabs. These results suggest that the Ni–Mo–S phase is preserved on the spent catalyst and Ni3S2 agglomerates are formed by sintering of Ni3S2 species originally present on the fresh catalyst.
A Large Time-Bandwidth Product Pulse-Compression Technique (1962)

A pulse-compression radar system which utilizes a linear FM waveform has a theoretical upper limit to the magnitude of its compression ratio or time-bandwidth product. This limit is a function of the observed target's relative radial velocity, and the effect on the return signal is characterized by both a pulse stretching and amplitude reduction if the limit is exceeded. The use of a logarithmic phase-modulation signal waveform and a corresponding ``matched'' receiver possesses the desirable characteristics of the linear FM and in addition has no upper limit to the magnitude of the compression ratio. A single receive pulse-compression filter is matched for all target velocities. A linear FM signal can be thought of as a very good approximation to a logarithmic phase-modulation signal for compression ratios less than the maximum limit. A general method of implementing a variety of systems employing pulse-compression ratios up to 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> and utilizing logarithmic phase modulation is presented.
Acoustoelastic Theory for Finite Plastic Deformation of Solids (1992)

Theoretical modeling of acoustoelastic effects in plastically deformed solids has been accomplished through the use of an elastoplastic coupling strain rate. This coupling strain rate, which remains effective even under subsequent elastic loading, is considered to be generated at the yield surface vertex and causes elastic modulus degradation due to the growth of plastic anisotropy. The purpose of the present paper is to formulate precisely a generalized acoustoelastic theory for plastically deformed solids with finite deformation, and moreover, to provide a method of nondestructive evaluation of the plastically deformed state, i.e., yield surface, texture change due to the plastic deformation and the occurrence of the instability associated with the microslip band.
Authentication in an internet banking environment : towards developing a strategy for fraud detection (2022)

This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Shearing interferometer as an interferometric filter for the reduction of scattered light (1977)

The background radiation problem encountered in astronomical observations is reviewed, and it is observed that a considerable reduction of the background radiation can be achieved by using interferometric techniques. A longitudinal radial shearing interferometer is described which meets the requirements of this application. The formal development of its properties as well as the results of preliminary tests are presented. It is shown that for a small region of the telescope field, this interferometer can be expected to reduce the background radiation originating in the telescope by a factor of 50 to 500, to reduce the background radiation produced by Mie type scattering external to the telescope to a level below that produced by Rayleigh scattering, and to reduce the background radiation from Rayleigh scattering by a factor of two. These properties can be extended to broadband spectral operation and can be achieved without degrading the astrometric qualities of the telescope. The size of the interferometer is quite small making it easy to add to an existing telescope.
Self-Contained, Oscillating Flow Liquid Cooling System for Thin Form Factor High Performance Electronics (2010)

A self-contained, small-volume liquid cooling system for thin form-factor electronic equipment (e.g., blade server modules) is demonstrated experimentally in this paper. A reciprocating water flow loop absorbs heat using mesh-type microchannel cold plates and spreads it periodically to a larger area. From there, the thermal energy is interchanged via large area, low pressure drop cold plates with a secondary heat transfer loop (air or liquid). Four phase-shifted piston pumps create either a linearly or radially oscillating fluid flow in the frequency range of 0.5–3 Hz. The tidal displacement of the pumps covers 42–120% of the fluid volume, and, therefore, an average flow rate range of 100–800 ml/min is tested. Three different absorber mesh designs are tested. Thermal and fluidic characteristics are presented in a time-resolved and a time-averaged manner. For a fluid pump power of 1 W, a waste heat flux of 180 W/cm2(ΔT=67 K) could be dissipated from a 3.5 cm2 chip. A linear oscillation flow pattern is advantageous over a radial one because of the more efficient heat removal from the chip and lower hydraulic losses. The optimum microchannel mesh density is determined as a combination of low pump losses and high heat transfer rates.
Design of resistive temperature compensation by single and multiple thermistor networks (1961)

An accurate and practical solution to the design of linear negative temperature coefficient resistive networks, which will improve system performance over defined temperature ranges, is described herein. The basic circuit is a nonlinear negative temperature coefficient semiconductor, generically known as a thermistor, in parallel with a shunt. The temperature range of utilization of the basic circuit is about 60 C (degrees centigrade). Two or more of these basic circuits are connected in series to provide nearly linear characteristics over an extended temperature range. Graphical presentations of the basic circuit characteristics are used in an original manner, the graphs being easier to use and more complete than those previously published. Proper selection by a graphical method of the basic circuits connected in series, for wider temperature range use, is explained, and an analytic discussion tells how the graphs are constructed. The errors caused by circuit tolerances and self-heating, and the selection of thermistor materials, sizes, and shapes are outlined. Typical examples illustrate the use of the graphs and techniques. Application of the networks to temperature compensation and temperature measurement, as well as extension of the techniques to nonlinear applications, receive careful thought.
A Risk Analysis of File Formats for Preservation Planning. (2013)

This paper presents an approach for the automatic estimation of preservation risks for file formats. The main contribution of this work is the definition of risk factors with associated severity levels and their automatic computation. Our goal is to make use of a solid knowledge base automatically aggregated from linked open data repositories as the basis for a risk analysis in the digital preservation domain. This method is meant to facilitate decision making with regard to preservation of digital content in libraries and archives. We have developed a tool for aggregating rich and trusted file format descriptions. It exploits available linked data resources and uses expert models to infer knowledge regarding the long-term preservation of digital content. The ontology mapping technique is employed for collecting the information from the web of linked data and integrating it in a common representation. Furthermore, we employ AI techniques (i.e. expert rules, clustering) for inferring explicit knowledge on the nature and preservation-friendliness of the file formats. A statistical analysis of the aggregated information and the qualitative analysis of the aggregated knowledge are presented in the evaluation part of the paper. A Web service is created to support programmatic access to format and risk analysis reports.
Recurrent Neural Networks in the Eye of Differential Equations (2019)

To understand the fundamental trade-offs between training stability, temporal dynamics and architectural complexity of recurrent neural networks~(RNNs), we directly analyze RNN architectures using numerical methods of ordinary differential equations~(ODEs). We define a general family of RNNs--the ODERNNs--by relating the composition rules of RNNs to integration methods of ODEs at discrete time steps. We show that the degree of RNN's functional nonlinearity $n$ and the range of its temporal memory $t$ can be mapped to the corresponding stage of Runge-Kutta recursion and the order of time-derivative of the ODEs. We prove that popular RNN architectures, such as LSTM and URNN, fit into different orders of $n$-$t$-ODERNNs. This exact correspondence between RNN and ODE helps us to establish the sufficient conditions for RNN training stability and facilitates more flexible top-down designs of new RNN architectures using large varieties of toolboxes from numerical integration of ODEs. We provide such an example: Quantum-inspired Universal computing Neural Network~(QUNN), which reduces the required number of training parameters from polynomial in both data length and temporal memory length to only linear in temporal memory length.
Protection and polymerization of functional monomers. 11. Synthesis of well-defined poly(4-vinylbenzoic acid) by means of anionic living polymerization of 2-(4-vinylphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazoline (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProtection and polymerization of functional monomers. 11. Synthesis of well-defined poly(4-vinylbenzoic acid) by means of anionic living polymerization of 2-(4-vinylphenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolineAkira Hirao, Yoshiaki Ishino, and Seiichi NakahamaCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 3, 561–565Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00181a004https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00181a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views650Altmetric-Citations47LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
PCG-based game design (2012)

This paper describes the creation of the game Endless Web, a 2D platforming game in which the player's actions determine the ongoing creation of the world she is exploring. Endless Web is an example of a PCG-based game: it uses procedural content generation (PCG) as a mechanic, and its PCG system, Launchpad, greatly influenced the aesthetics of the game. All of the player's strategies for the game revolve around the use of procedural content generation. Many design challenges were encountered in the design and creation of Endless Web, for both the game and modifications that had to be made to Launchpad. These challenges arise largely from a loss of fine-grained control over the player's experience; instead of being able to carefully craft each element the player can interact with, the designer must instead craft algorithms to produce a range of content the player might experience. In this paper we provide a definition of PCG-based game design and describe the challenges faced in creating a PCG-based game. We offer our solutions, which impacted both the game and the underlying level generator, and identify issues which may be particularly important as this area matures.