gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Further pursuit of correlation between lens aberration content and imaging performance (2001)

As further experience is gained and data is gathered using direct Phase Measurement Interferometry (PMI) techniques in the production of leading edge lithography lenses, some progress is being made towards the goal of assigning specific image degradation symptoms to specific types of aberration content. However, since both the specific object being imaged and the illumination distribution being applied to the projection will define the spatial frequency content of a given image, any attempt at analyzing aberration sensitivity must also address these constraints. The paper summarizes the results of image simulation studies, wherein the through-focus aerial image intensity distribution is initially described by a set of metrics and coefficients. These íºimaging metricsí¿ (for example, curvature or tilt of CD vs. Focus functional representation) are then directly correlated to various types of aberration content, as represented through Zernike coefficients. Some types of imaging responses are seen to correlate to specific aberrations, while others do not. A method for specifying and identifying threshold levels of 'influencing aberration' are determined from the sensitivity studies executed. In particular, the imaging of alternating phase shift mask patterns in the region of half-(lambda) will be investigated.
Query Focused Multi-Document Summarization with Distant Supervision (2020)

We consider the problem of better modeling query-cluster interactions to facilitate query focused multi-document summarization (QFS). Due to the lack of training data, existing work relies heavily on retrieval-style methods for estimating the relevance between queries and text segments. In this work, we leverage distant supervision from question answering where various resources are available to more explicitly capture the relationship between queries and documents. We propose a coarse-to-fine modeling framework which introduces separate modules for estimating whether segments are relevant to the query, likely to contain an answer, and central. Under this framework, a trained evidence estimator further discerns which retrieved segments might answer the query for final selection in the summary. We demonstrate that our framework outperforms strong comparison systems on standard QFS benchmarks.
In vivo and in vitro acylation of polypeptides in Vibrio harveyi: identification of proteins involved in aldehyde production for bioluminescence (1984)

Incubation of soluble extracts from Vibrio harveyi with [3H]tetradecanoic acid (+ ATP) resulted in the acylation of several polypeptides, including proteins with molecular masses near 20 kilodaltons (kDa), and at least five polypeptides in the 30- to 60-kDa range. However, in growing cells pulse-labeled in vivo with [3H]tetradecanoic acid, only three of these polypeptides, with apparent molecular masses of 54, 42, and 32 kDa, were specifically labeled. When extracts were acylated with [3H] tetradecanoyl coenzyme A, on the other hand, only the 32-kDa polypeptide was labeled. When luciferase-containing dark mutants of V. harveyi were investigated, acylated 32-kDa polypeptide was not detected in a fatty acid-stimulated mutant, whereas the 42-kDa polypeptide appeared to be lacking in a mutant defective in aldehyde synthesis. Acylation of both of these polypeptides also increased specifically during induction of bioluminescence in V. harveyi. These results suggest that the role of the 32-kDa polypeptide is to supply free fatty acids, whereas the 42-kDa protein may be responsible for activation of fatty acids for their subsequent reduction to form the aldehyde substrates of the bioluminescent reaction.
Mechanisms for Adsorption of Methyl Viologen on CdS Quantum Dots (2014)

This paper describes the surface composition-dependent binding of the dichloride salt of methyl viologen (MV2+) to CdS quantum dots (QDs) enriched, to various degrees, with either Cd or S at the surface. The degree of enrichment is controlled synthetically and by postsynthetic dilution of the QDs in their solvent, THF. NMR shows the Cd-enriched QDs to contain a relatively dense (2.8 ligands/nm2) surface layer of oleic acid, in the form of Cd-oleate, and S-enriched QDs to contain relatively sparse (1.0 ligands/nm2) surface density of native ligands containing both oleic acid and octadecene. Electron transfer-mediated photoluminescence quenching of the QDs by MV2+ serves as a probe for the binding affinity of MV2+ for the surfaces of the QDs. Diluting Cd-enriched QDs removes Cd-oleate from the surface, exposing the stoichiometric CdS surface beneath and increasing the quenching efficiency of MV2+, whereas diluting S-enriched QD does not change their surface chemistry or the efficiency with which they are quenched by MV2+. The photoluminescence quenching data for all of the surface chemistries we studied fit well to a Langmuir model that accounts for binding of MV2+ through two reaction mechanisms: (i) direct adsorption of MV2+ to exposed stoichiometric CdS surfaces (with an equilibrium adsorption constant of 1.5×10(5) M(-1)), and (ii) adsorption of MV2+ to stoichiometric CdS surfaces upon displacement of weakly bound Cd-oleate complexes (with an equilibrium displacement constant of 3.5×10(3) M(-1)). Ab initio calculations of the binding energy for adsorption of the dichloride salt of MV2+ on Cd- and S-terminated surfaces reveal a substantial preference of MV2+ for S-terminated lattices due to alignment of the positively charged nitrogens on MV2+ with the negatively charged sulfur. These findings suggest a strategy to maximize the adsorption of redox-active molecules in electron transfer-active geometries through synthetic and postsynthetic manipulation of the inorganic surface.
Pancreatic somatostatinoma with obscure inhibitory syndrome and mixed pathological pattern (2010)

Somatostatinoma is a very rare neuroendocrine tumor that originates from D cells and accounts for less than 1% of all gastrointestinal endocrine tumors. The duodenum is the most frequent site for this tumor, followed by the pancreas. We here describe a 46-year-old Chinese woman who developed pancreatic somatostatinoma presenting with the characteristic "inhibitory" syndrome, but the symptoms were obscure and seemingly uncorrelated. This case is also unique for its large tumor size and mixed pathological pattern. Distal pancreatectomy was performed, and the patient has remained well since operation. As the syndromes of somatostatinoma may be obscure and atypical, clinicians should review all clinical findings to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Aggressive surgery is preferred to improve the survival.
An outcome study of severe traumatic head injury using the “Lund therapy” with low‐dose prostacyclin (2001)

The outcome results from previous studies using the Lund therapy were reproduced, and no adverse side-effects of low-dose prostacyclin were observed.
RECORDING QUARTZ DIFFERENTIAL DILATOMETER (1959)

The design of a recording quartz differential dilatometer is described. The instrument embodies desirable features of automatic operation with a flexible heating and cooling program control plus continuous recording of expansion data, as well as other features unique to the problem of dilatation measurement at hand. Sensitiviiy, precision and accuracy of the instrument are discussed in relation to data obtained with standard specimens. Operational procedures and typical experimental curves are included. (auth)
Isolation of methylcholanthrene“initiated” C3H/10T1/2 cells by inhibiting neoplastic progression with retinyl acetate (1982)

A clone of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated 10T1/2 cells has been isolated which possesses basic characteristics expected of "initiated" cells. In the presence of retinyl acetate, this clone exhibits contact inhibited growth control and is morphologically indistinguishable from the parental 10T1/2 cell line. Removal of retinyl acetate in vitro results in neoplastic transformation after a latent period of 3 weeks. The classical 10T1/2 transformation system was reconstructed by coculturing normal and "initiated" 10T1/2 cells formed either Type II or Type III foci after a latent period of 3-4 weeks, and an additional 22% formed Type I foci. Treatment of "initiated" 10T/2 cells with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate accelerated the formation of transformed foci in the coculture system by reducing the length of the latent period to less than 3 weeks. Injection of 10(6) "initiated" cells/mouse s.c. into nude mice resulted in the appearance of progressively growing fibrosarcomas after a latent period of 5-7 weeks. Dietary supplementation with 4-hydroxyphenyl-retinamide prevented tumor formation; after drug withdrawal, tumors developed in all surviving mice after 6 weeks. We believe this cell line possesses all characteristics expected of "initiated" cells. With this new cell line, designated INIT/10T1/2, we can now study the early biochemical changes in growth control mechanisms resulting in neoplastic transformation and the mechanism(s) of chemoprevention of cancer by vitamin A.
A Petri-net-based Tool to analyze workflows (1997)

Workflow management systems facilitate the everyday operation of business processes by taking care of the logistic control of work. In contrast to traditional information systems, they attempt to support frequent changes of the workflows at hand. Therefore, the need for analysis methods to verify the correctness of workflows is becoming more prominent. In this paper we present a tool based on Petri nets: Woflan. Woflan (WOrkFLow ANalyzer) is an analysis tool which can be used to verify the correctness of a workflow procedure. The analysis tool uses state-of-the-art techniques to find potential errors in the definition of a workflow procedure.
Cloning of genes determining the production of mannose-resistant fimbriae in a uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli belonging to serogroup O6 (1982)

Chromosomal DNA from a uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli was partially digested with the restriction enzyme EcoRI. The partial digests were ligated into a cosmid containing an ampicillin-resistant determinant and packaged into lambda phage particles. An ampicillin-resistant transductant of E. coli HB101 was found to possess mannose-resistant hemagglutinating activity associated with a 50-kilobase-pair plasmid. Subcloning of the mannose-resistant fimbrial genes revealed that the genetic determinants were encoded by a 6.9-kilobase-pair DNA fragment of a recombinant plasmid. Chimeric plasmids smaller in size were unable to transform E. coli to fimbrial production. Physical maps of the recombinant plasmids were prepared showing restriction endonuclease sites within the inserted DNA fragments. The hemagglutinating activities of the wild-type strain and of the recombinant derivative were compared. Both strains agglutinated human erythrocytes in the presence of D-mannose to the same degree and also failed to produce fimbriae after incubation at 18 degrees C. Also, both strains were agglutinated by antifimbrial serum at a high titer, whereas no such activity was observed when a strain of E. coli which did not possess a plasmid was used.
In Vivo Evaluation of a Collagen Corneal Allograft Derived From Rabbit Dermis (1995)

Our study is the first to describe the method of modifying dermal type I collagen into a clear corneal allograft. Survival of the corneal collagen allograft beyond 1 month may be limited by several factors including lack of epithelialization of the central clear area.
High-voltage double-implanted power MOSFET's in 6H-SiC (1997)

We report on the first planar high-voltage MOSFET's in 6H-SiC. A double-implant MOS (DIMOS) process is used. The planar structure ameliorates the high-field stressing encountered by SiC UMOS transistors fabricated by other groups. Blocking mode operation of up to 760 V is demonstrated, which is nearly three times higher than previously reported operating voltages for SiC MOSFET's.
Photodynamics of OLED Triplet Emitters Ir(ppy)<sub>3</sub> and PtOEP (2007)

The absorption behaviour and the emission dynamics of the triplet emitters Ir(ppy)3 and PtOEP in the singlet emitters, polystyrene (PS) and dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP), are studied. Thin films are prepared by spin-coating. The host (PS, CBP)–guest (Ir(ppy)3, PtOEP) interaction is investigated. The luminescence behaviour in the case of guest excitation (the excitation frequency in the transparency region of hosts) is compared with the luminescence behaviour in the case of host excitation (the excitation frequency in the absorption region of hosts). The efficient host-to-guest energy transfer is observed. Additionally, the excitation transfer from PS to CBP and TPD (triphenylamine dimer) is studied.
Current Trends in Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors (1996)

HBT overview, scaling and integration with other devices, P. Asbeck and F. Chang AlGaAs/GaAs HBT for analog and digital applications, K.C. Wang et al HBTs for microwave power applications, B. Bayraktaroglu and A. Higgins ballistic collector transistor (BCT) and its impact on high speed circuits, T. Ishibashi and Y. Yamauchi InP HBTs for high speed and low power circuit applications, W. Stanchina recent development in InGaP HBTs, W. Liu SiGe HBTs - device, fabrication and circuit applications, B. Meyerson noise characteristics of HBTs, Y.K. Chen GaAs HBT reliability, H. Sugahara.
Constitutive Production of Catalytic Antibodies to a Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Factor and Effect of Infection (2012)

Antibodies that recognize microbial B lymphocyte superantigenic epitopes are produced constitutively with no requirement for adaptive immune maturation. We report cleavage of the Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) by catalytic antibodies produced with no exposure to the bacterium and reduction of the catalytic antibody activity following infection. IgG catalytic antibodies that specifically hydrolyzed Efb via a nucleophilic catalytic mechanism were found in the blood of healthy humans and aseptic mice free of S. aureus infection. IgG hydrolyzed peptide bonds on the C-terminal side of basic amino acids, including a bond located within the C3b-binding domain of Efb. Efb digested with the IgG lost its ability to bind C3b and inhibit complement-dependent antibody-mediated red blood cell lysis. In addition to catalysis, the IgG expressed saturable Efb binding activity. IgG from S. aureus-infected mice displayed reduced Efb cleaving activity and increased Efb binding activity compared with uninfected controls, suggesting differing effects of the infection on the antibody subsets responsible for the two activities. IgG from children hospitalized for S. aureus infection also displayed reduced Efb cleavage compared with healthy children. These data suggest a potential defense function for constitutively produced catalytic antibodies to a putative superantigenic site of Efb, but an adaptive catalytic response appears to be proscribed.
<i>PIK3CA</i>cancer mutations display gender and tissue specificity patterns (2007)

The occurrence of oncogenic alleles can display striking tissue specificity. For example KRAS mutations are very frequent in pancreatic cancers but relatively rare in melanomas. The opposite is true for BRAF mutations. Somatic mutations in the gene encoding for the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3KCA) catalytic subunit, PIK3CA, occur at high frequency in many solid cancers. We have examined whether PI3K oncogenic mutations (exons 9 and 20) might exhibit gender and/or tissue specificity. By examining large cohorts of breast and colorectal cancers affecting both men and women we found that the pattern of PIK3CA mutations is distinctive. In colorectal cancers, PIK3CA (but not KRAS, APC, or TP53) mutations display a gender bias occurring at higher frequencies in women. We also found that male breast cancers display PIK3CA mutations at an overall frequency similar to that observed in female breast tumors. In male breast cancers, however, PIK3CA mutations are found mainly in exon 20. We conclude that PI3KCA mutations affecting exons 9 and 20 display gender- and tissue-specific patterns, thus suggesting that the different amino acid changes could exert distinct functional effects on the oncogenic properties of this enzyme. Furthermore, we propose that sexual dimorphisms and tissue specific factors might directly or indirectly influence the occurrence of PI3KCA cancer alleles.
Learning Superpixels with Segmentation-Aware Affinity Loss (2018)

Superpixel segmentation has been widely used in many computer vision tasks. Existing superpixel algorithms are mainly based on hand-crafted features, which often fail to preserve weak object boundaries. In this work, we leverage deep neural networks to facilitate extracting superpixels from images. We show a simple integration of deep features with existing superpixel algorithms does not result in better performance as these features do not model segmentation. Instead, we propose a segmentation-aware affinity learning approach for superpixel segmentation. Specifically, we propose a new loss function that takes the segmentation error into account for affinity learning. We also develop the Pixel Affinity Net for affinity prediction. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed algorithm based on the learned segmentation-aware loss performs favorably against the state-of-the-art methods. We also demonstrate the use of the learned superpixels in numerous vision applications with consistent improvements.
Acute and chronic arsenic poisoning associated with treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (1998)

Seven relapsed and/or refractory acute promyelocytic leukaemia patients were treated by arsenic trioxide (As2O3). Four patients (4/7, 57%) achieved complete remission after one to three cycles of treatment and the most common acute side-effect was fluid retention (in six patients, 86%), including weight gains and pleuro-pericardial effusions. Evident polyneuropathy compatible with chronic arsenic toxicity was noted in two of the three patients who received As2O3 maintenance therapy and one of them had marked distal muscular atrophy. We suggest that As2O3 may be a useful salvage therapy for relapsed and refractory APL patients, but the acute or chronic arsenic toxicity should be carefully monitored.
Orally Bioavailable Competitive CCR5 Antagonists (2004)

The chemokine receptor CCR5 plays an important role in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders as well as in transplant rejection by affecting the trafficking of effector T cells and monocytes to diseased tissues. Antagonists of CCR5 are believed to be of potential therapeutic value for the disorders mentioned above and HIV infection. Here we report on the structure-activity relationship of a new series of highly potent and selective competitive CCR5 antagonists. While all compounds tested were inactive on rodent CCR5, this series includes compounds that cross-react with the cynomolgus monkey (cyno) receptor. One of these compounds, i.e., 26n, has good PK properties in cynos, and its overall favorable profile makes it a promising candidate for in vivo profiling in transplantation and other disease models.
Early-phase Predictors of Subsequent Program Compliance and Offending among NSW Adult Drug Court Participants (2005)

Previous research by the Bureau has shown that the cost-effectiveness of the Drug Court could be increased through the early identification of those Drug Court participants at risk of non-compliance with program requirements. There are two reasons for this. Firstly, early identification would permit appropriate adjustments to be made to treatment in order to reduce the risk of program failure. Secondly, those who are at serious risk of non-compliance with the program could be removed from the program early on to reduce the cost they impose on the program. This bulletin describes an investigation designed to identify early indicators of future program compliance.
Medical Recording Tools for Biodosimetry in Radiation Incidents (2005)

Abstract : NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 2474, entitled Determination and Recording of Ionizing Exposure For Purposes, calls for thorough medical recording in radiation exposure incidents. There are also U.S. Specific Military Requirements (SMR) to Identify or develop and validate viable low-cost field biodosimetry (FY01/02), on converting the Assessment Tool (BAT) to a handheld computer device (FY03/04), and Radiological Biodosimetry (FY05/06). BAT output has been accepted as a requirement for the Theater Functional Working Group Integrated Process Team (TFWG IPT) for incorporation into deployment medical database, and has been used in radiological exercises. To meet all these requirements, the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) has prepared a CD-ROM package entitled Radiation Biological Dosimetry Tools for Emergency Responders. This collection includes three subsets of medical assistance tools: 1. Casualty Management Guidance includes the Terrorism with Ionizing Guidance Pocket Guide and the Medical Management of Radiological Casualties Handbook, both of which were previously available in hard copy and can now be downloaded as PDF (portable document format) files from the CD-ROM. 2. Data Forms include adaptations and expansions of previous military forms to include applicability to civilians and youth. The AFRRI Adult/Pediatric Field Record was adapted from the U.S. Army's Field Card.
Structure and Reactivity Relationships in the Photoinitiated Cationic Polymerization of Oxetane Monomers (1993)

Abstract A series of oxetane-containing monomers possessing several different types of functional groups has been prepared and characterized. These monomers were compared among themselves, and conclusions were drawn with respect to the influence of structure on their reactivities in photoinitiated cationic polymerization.
The relationship between serum levels of interleukin-6 and thyroid hormone in children with acute respiratory infection. (1994)

To determine whether monocyte-derived humoral factors such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and IL-6 modulate serum thyroid hormone levels in infectious disorders, we measured serum levels of these monocyte-derived products, T3, T4, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in 59 out-patients with acute respiratory infection, aged 5 months to 15 yr (mean +/- SD, 5.7 +/- 4.2 yr). To minimize individual variation in their clinical and nutritional conditions, we selected out-patients with fever lasting for at least 3 days who had no severe disturbance of food intake. Serum T3 concentrations tended to be low in these subjects; 3 (5.1%) had levels below 1.2 nmol/L, L, and 13 (22.0%) had levels below 1.5 nmol/L. Serum T3 levels in 22 patients with elevated IL-6 (> 15 pg/mL) were significantly lower than those in 19 patients with normal IL-6 (< or = 5 pg/mL; T3, 1.7 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.6 nmol/L; P < 0.05). The serum IL-6 concentration was correlated inversely with the serum T3 level (r = -0.324; P = 0.012) as well as the T3/T4 ratio (r = -0.279; P = 0.032). Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was observed between CRP (induced mainly by IL-6) and T3 (r = -0.408; P = 0.001) or the T3/T4 ratio (r = 0.302; P = 0.020). On the other hand, TNF alpha was measurable in only 9 of 59 patients, and there was no correlation between TNF alpha and levels of thyroid hormone, CRP, or IL-6. Serum IL-1 beta was weakly detected in only 1 patient. On follow-up study of 10 of these patients, the serum T3 and T3/T4 ratio increased significantly with a reciprocal decrease in IL-6 and CRP during convalescence. No remarkable change in the serum T4 level was observed in our study. Our data suggest that the euthyroid sick syndrome is relatively common in children with acute respiratory infection, and IL-6 appears to mediate this syndrome in infectious disorders.