gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new concurrent signature scheme based on the FAPKC3&#x2019;s signature scheme (2008)

The concept of concurrent signatures was first introduced by Chen, Kudla and Paterson in Eurocryptpsila04, which allows two entities to produce two ambiguous signatures until an extra piece of information (called keystone) is released by one of the parties. Once the keystone is released, both signatures become binding to their true signers concurrently. According to the literatures there are mainly two different methods to realize the concurrent signature schemes. The first one is based on the variants of Schnorrpsilas signature scheme, and the second one is using bilinear pairing. In this paper, we present a new concurrent signature scheme, which is based on the signature scheme of Finite Automaton Public Key Cryptosystem 3 (FAPKC3, for short) which proposed by Renji Tao and Shihua Chen in 1997, and then prove its security under the security model given by Chen et al.. Finally, we briefly discuss our schemepsilas performance.
A REVIEW OF THE MEASUREMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF CRYSTALLINITY AND ITS RELATION TO PROPERTIES IN NEAT POLY(PHENYLENE SULFIDE) AND ITS FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES (2005)

This literature review paper was prepared for the Department of Energy Automotive Lightweighting Program to address materials interest expressed by the Automotive Composites Consortium and it summarizes the measurement and development of crystallinity and its relation to properties in poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and its fiber reinforced composites. The objective of this effort was to broaden the understanding of low-cost, semi-crystalline thermoplastic resins and composites for use in potential future automotive applications. PPS has an excellent combination of attributes including good mechanical properties and thermal stability, high chemical resistance, low moisture absorption, good weathering resistance, high dimensional stability, low flammability, and excellent processability. Specific areas addressed in this report include: Structure of PPS; Techniques for measuring crystallinity; Crystallinity as a function of prior treatment; Crystallization kinetics and morphology; Effect of variation of crystallinity on properties of PPS and its composites; Environmental stability; Unusual effects of cooling rates and degree of crystallinity on mechanical properties of AS4/PPS composites; Recent PPS laminate data (Ten Cate Advanced Composites); and Recommendations for future research.
Soliton Induced Supercontinuum Generation in Photonic Crystal Fiber (2004)

Soliton induced supercontinuum (SC) generation using an index-guiding triangular photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is experimentally studied by pumping with 140-fs pulses at several wavelengths in the positive slope anomalous dispersion region. The focused beam incident upon the PCF core is first confirmed by in situ observation based on the reflection method to make sure accurate input coupling conditions. The influence of pumping wavelength on the spectral profile of SC is examined as a function of input peak power P/sub 0/. Processes initiating SC generation are governed by the fission of higher-order solitons, which lead to the soliton self-frequency shift (SSFS) by intrapulse Raman scattering associated with blue-shifted Cherenkov type phase matched radiation. The fission of higher-order solitons is clearly observed in the input P/sub 0/ dependent spectrum and a plot of the square root of frequency shift versus input P/sub 0/. Further increase of input P/sub 0/ leads to a new SSFS accompanied by an additional blue-shifted peak located at shorter wavelength than that of the previous one. These processes continue to develop successive blue-shifted and SSFS peaks as increasing the input P/sub 0/, which determine the spectral width of SC. Spectral profile of SC is also dominated by these initial and growth processes. SC spectra obtained in the vicinity of zero dispersion wavelength shows smooth but relatively narrow, while SC generation at deep anomalous dispersion site exhibits broad bandwidth at relatively low P/sub 0/. The input P/sub 0/ required for approaching a saturated SC which is almost the same feature within the tuning pump wavelengths is decreased as increasing the degree of anomalous dispersion.
Expression, Purification, and Characterization of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> Cytochromes P450 CYP102A2 and CYP102A3:  Flavocytochrome Homologues of P450 BM3 from <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> (2004)

The cyp102A2 and cyp102A3 genes encoding the two Bacillus subtilis homologues (CYP102A2 and CYP102A3) of flavocytochrome P450 BM3 (CYP102A1) from Bacillus megaterium have been cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized spectroscopically and enzymologically. Both enzymes contain heme, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactors and bind a variety of fatty acid molecules, as demonstrated by conversion of the low-spin resting form of the heme iron to the high-spin form induced by substrate-binding. CYP102A2 and CYP102A3 catalyze the fatty acid-dependent oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and reduction of artificial electron acceptors at high rates. Binding of carbon monoxide to the reduced forms of both enzymes results in the shift of the heme Soret band to 450 nm, confirming the P450 nature of the enzymes. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of products from the reaction of the enzymes with myristic acid demonstrates that both catalyze the subterminal hydroxylation of this substrate, though with different regioselectivity and catalytic rate. Both P450s 102A2 and 102A3 show kinetic and binding preferences for long-chain unsaturated and branched-chain fatty acids over saturated fatty acids, indicating that the former two molecule types may be the true substrates. P450s 102A2 and 102A3 exhibit differing substrate selectivity profiles from each other and from P450 BM3, indicating that they may fulfill subtly different cellular roles. Titration curves for binding and turnover kinetics of several fatty acid substrates with P450s 102A2 and 102A3 are better described by sigmoidal (rather than hyperbolic) functions, suggesting binding of more than one molecule of substrate to the P450s, or possibly cooperativity in substrate binding. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of the three flavocytochromes shows that several important amino acids in P450 BM3 are not conserved in the B. subtilis homologues, pointing to differences in the binding modes for the substrates that may explain the unusual sigmoidal kinetic and titration properties.
Prostaglandin catabolism and ulcerative colitis: effect of sulphasalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid and other drugs. (1990)

1. Evidence is presented for the occurrence of type 1 prostaglandin 15-hydroxydehydrogenase in human rectal mucosa. No evidence of the presence of type 2 enzyme was found. 2. A 15-keto-prostaglandin reductase, responsible for the breakdown of 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandins to 13,14-dihydro prostaglandins, was also present in human rectal mucosa. 3. Ulcerative colitis patients catabolized prostaglandins to the same extent as the control group. PGE1 was catabolized significantly better than PGF2 alpha. 4. 5-Aminosalicylic acid and sulphapyridine did not affect prostaglandin catabolism. Sulphasalazine, methylsulphasalazine, indomethacin, flurbiprofen, disodium cromoglycate, sodium salicylate and carbenoxolone sodium inhibited prostaglandin catabolism to the same extent in both groups. Salicylazosulphadimidine was a more potent inhibitor of PGE1 catabolism than of PGF2 alpha. 5. The increased prostaglandin synthesis reported for ulcerative colitis patients was not paralleled by increased catabolism, a fact possibly contributing to the accumulation of such compounds in the diseased state.
Influence of substrate texture on recording parameters for CoNiCr rigid disk media (1987)

CoNiCr films, 2–3 μin. thick, have been prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on aluminum alloy based Ni-P substrates. This study is a comparison of recording and magnetic properties of two types of substrates: polished and circumferentially texturized. Measurements made include recording parameters (RMS signal, modulation noise, signal to noise, track average amplitude, overwrite, and bit shift), magnetic parameters from hysteresis loops as obtained by VSM, and film thickness by x-ray fluorescence. Surface profiles were obtained by a stylus profilometer. We report that the texturized disks have a 12% average improvement in signal to noise and approximately 1-ns improvement in bit shift compared to the polished-substrate disks. An anisotropy in the magnetic parameters was observed and related to substrate texture and asymmetry in the sputtering process. Typical differences in coercivity between radial and circumferential directons are on the order of 100 Oe for a 1000-Oe disk.
Characteristics of Microstrip Transmission Lines (1967)

Equations are developed which accurately describe the characteristic impedance and signal propagation delay for narrow microstrip transmission lines. Differences in signal propagation delay for microstrip, strip line, and coaxial cables are compared as a function of dielectric constant. The characteristic impedance equation is verified through comparison with experimental results for impedance values from 40 to 150 ohms. The sensitivity of characteristic impedance to variations in physical parameters, such as dielectric constant, line width, and board thickness, is presented. Finally the equation is shown to yield exceptionally accurate results when the inherent inaccuracies of the physical measurements are considered.
Comparative efficacy of ibuprofen and aspirin in episiotomy pain (1974)

Substitutes for aspirin devoid of troublesome effects are needed. A potential candidate, ibuprofen, heretofore marketed outside the United States as an antiarthritic, was compared in single oral doses of 300 and 900 mg with aspirin, 900 mg, and placebo in a parallel balanced randomized double‐blind design in 80 patients with pain due to episiotomy. Over the 6 hours of evaluation, there was pain reduction greater than 50 per cent in 17 of 20 patients treated with either dose of ibuprofen (p < 0.01), in 18 of 20 patients treated with aspirin (p < 0.001), and in only 6 of 20 patients treated with placebo. With the two doses of ibuprofen, pain relief, as measured by pain intensity differences (PID) was similar to that with aspirin with respect to time of onset, degree and duration of analgesia. Reported side effects with ibuprofen were insignificant.
A Sensor-Based Interaction for Ubiquitous Virtual Reality Systems (2008)

In this paper, we propose a sensor-based interaction for ubiquitous virtual reality (U-VR) systems that users are able to interact implicitly or explicitly with through a sensor. Due to the advances in sensor technology, we can utilize sensory data as a means of user interactions. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, we extend the Composar augmented reality (AR) authoring tool to add support for sensor-based interaction. In this way the user can write simple scripts to rapidly prototype interaction with virtual 3D contents through a sensor. We believe that the proposed method provides natural user interactions for U-VR systems.
Caspase-Activated Cell-Penetrating Peptides Reveal Temporal Coupling Between Endosomal Release and Apoptosis in an RGC-5 Cell Model (2012)

Caspase-activatable cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) probes, designed for efficient cell uptake and specificity via cleavable intramolecular quenched-fluorophore strategies, show promise for identifying and imaging retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in vivo. However, initial cell uptake and trafficking events cannot be visualized because the probes are designed to be optically quenched in the intact state. To visualize subcellular activation events in real-time during apoptosis, a new series of matched quenched and nonquenched CPP probes were synthesized. In both native and staurosporine-differentiated RGC-5 cells, probe uptake was time- and concentration-dependent through clathrine-, caveolin-, and pinocytosis-mediated endocytic mechanisms. During apoptosis, KcapTR488, a novel dual fluorophore CPP probe, revealed by multispectral imaging a temporal coupling of endosomal release and effector caspase activation in RGC-5 cells. The novel CPPs described herein provide new tools to study spatial and temporal regulation of endosomal permeability during apoptosis.
Terahertz quantum-cascade laser with active leaky-wave antenna (2011)

We report the demonstration of a one-dimensional waveguide for terahertz quantum-cascade (QC) lasers, which acts as a leaky-wave antenna and tailors laser radiation in one dimension to a directional beam. This scheme adapts microwave transmission-line metamaterial concepts to a planar structure realized in terahertz metal-metal waveguide technology. The active leaky-wave antenna is fed by a master oscillator QC-laser with a mode that propagates with an effective phase index smaller than unity, such that it radiates in the surface direction. The direction of emission of main beam is governed by the antenna dispersion characteristic. 25° of beam steering is observed as the lasing frequency of the QC-laser is varied from 2.65–2.81 THz.
Investigation of Sintering Shrinkage in Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing Process (2017)

Binder jetting process is an additive manufacturing technology that produces objects layer by layer from 3D digital data. After printing process, the secondary post-processing operations, including curing and sintering, are used to solidify the object. The linear dimensional accuracy is one of the most important end-product qualities in manufacturing process. However, it is not easy to control it since the whole process combines several steps and covers different disciplines. Sintering process can affect the shrinkage rate significantly through using different sintering profiles. This project focuses on investigating the effect of sintering parameters on linear dimensional accuracy with stainless steel 316L. The Taguchi method is used to design 9 groups of orthogonal experiments. After that, the results are converted to signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to analyze. There are 3 sets of recommended sintering parameters to achieve the best dimensional accuracy for each axis and there is also 1 set of recommended sintering parameters which considers dimensional accuracies of all 3 axes. Comparing with the shrinkage rates measured using default sintering profile, the dimensional accuracies are improved.
High Relaxivity Trimetallic Nitride (Gd<sub>3</sub>N) Metallofullerene MRI Contrast Agents with Optimized Functionality (2010)

Water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) functionalized and hydroxylated endohedral trimetallic nitride metallofullerene derivatives, Gd(3)N@C(80)[DiPEG(OH)(x)], have been synthesized and characterized. The (1)H MRI relaxivities in aqueous solution were measured for the derivatives with four different molecular weights of PEG (350-5000 Da) at 0.35, 2.4, and 9.4 T. The 350/750 Da PEG derivatives have the highest relaxivities among the derivatives, 237/232 mM(-1) s(-1) for r(1) and 460/398 mM(-1) s(-1) for r(2) (79/77 mM(-1) s(-1) and 153/133 mM(-1) s(-1) based on Gd(3+) ion), respectively, at a clinical-range magnetic field of 2.4 T. These represent some of the highest relaxivities reported for commercial or investigational MRI contrast agents. Dynamic light scattering results confirm a larger average size for 350/750 Da PEGs derivatives (95/96 nm) relative to longer chain length derivatives, 5000 Da PEG derivatives (37 nm). Direct infusion of the optimized 350 Da PEG derivatives into live tumor-bearing rat brains demonstrated an initial uniform distribution, and hence, the potential for effective brachytherapy applications when the encapsulated Gd(3+) ions are replaced with radioactive (177)Lu.
Mechanics of paper webs in printing press applications (2006)

The mechanics of paper is a difficult subject because paper is a unique material. It is very thin, flexible at bending, unstable in compression and stiff at tension. Dealing with paper we have to account for orthotropy and heterogeneities created during the manufacturing process. This thesis addresses two topics in mechanics of paper webs in printing press applications. First is the dynamic behaviour of the travelling webs. Second is so-called “fluting” after heat-set web-fed offset printing. There are a number of challenges in simulating the dynamics of the paper web. It is necessary to include the influence of the paper web transport velocity. Due to initial sag or vibrations, gyroscopic forces affect the dynamics of the webs. Furthermore, the transport velocity reduces the stress stiffening of the web. A good theoretical model should account for large displacements and should be capable of simulating wrinkles, which is essentially a post-buckling phenomenon. Finally, the paper web is surrounded with air which reduces the natural frequencies substantially by “adding" mass to the paper. A non-linear finite element formulation has been developed in this study for simulation of travelling webs. The results of the studies shows that for the tension magnitudes used in the printing industry the critical web speed lies far above those used today. Speed limitations are rather caused by ink setting and tension control problems. If the web tension profile is skew, however, edge vibrations are inevitable even at small external excitations. Fluting is a permanent wavy distortion of the paper web after heat-set web offset printing. It is often seen in high quality printing products, especially in areas covered with ink. It is generally accepted that tension and heat are required to create fluting. However, there have been certain disputes as to the mechanism of fluting formation, retention and key factors affecting this phenomenon. Most of the existing studies related to fluting are based on linear buckling theories. A finite element model, capable of simulating a post-buckling behaviour has been developed and experimentally verified. Studies show that none of the existing theories can consistently explain fluting. A new basic mechanism of fluting formation has been proposed and numerically demonstrated. Fluting was explained as a post-buckling phenomenon due to small scale moisture variations developing during through-air drying. It was concluded that air permeability variation is the key factor affecting fluting tendency. Fluting is retained due to inelastic deformations promoted by high drying temperatures.
Tumor-associated trypsin participates in cancer cell-mediated degradation of extracellular matrix. (1991)

We have recently demonstrated that many cancer cell lines produce a novel trypsinogen isoenzyme called tumor-associated trypsinogen 2 (TAT-2). It was found during a search of the target protease for tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI). We now show that degradation of subendothelial cell extracellular matrix (ECM) by four different cell lines (COLO 205 colon carcinoma, K-562 erythroleukemia, CAPAN-1 pancreatic carcinoma, and HT 1080 fibrosarcoma) can be partially inhibited by TATI or neutralizing trypsin antibodies. When cells were cultured in serum-free medium on ECM, TATI and trypsin antibodies inhibited the release of immunoreactive fibronectin fragments from ECM by 47-54 and 40%, respectively. Degradation of isotopically labeled ([3H]serine, [3H]proline, and [35S]sulfate) ECM was also significantly prevented by TATI. At its maximum, it exerted a 57% inhibition on the degradation of [3H]serine-labeled ECM. Plasminogen added exogenously to the culture medium further potentiated the proteolysis of ECM. Interestingly, addition of enteropeptidase, an activator of TAT-2, also enhanced cell-mediated proteolysis as assessed by degradation of purified fibronectin coated onto the surface of wells. Immunoblot analysis showed that enteropeptidase-mediated proteolysis generated a pattern of fibronectin fragments similar to that obtained by digestion of purified fibronectin by TAT-2. These results demonstrate the existence of a proteolytic system in tumor cells which is dependent on the activation of TAT-2. We suggest that TAT-2 is involved in a protease cascade-stimulating tumor cell invasion and degradation of extracellular matrix.
SYNTHESIS OF 10H-PHENOTHIAZINE AND 4H-1,4-BENZOTHIAZINE SULFONES (2002)

Synthesis of phenothiazine and 4H-l,4-benzothiazine sulfones is reported by the oxidation of phenothiazines and 4H-l,4-benzothiazines respectively by 30% hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid. The purity of the compounds has been checked by thin layer chromatography using various non-aqueous solvent systems. IR and NMR spectral studies have also been included.
Stimulus-Dependent Dynamic Homo- and Heteromultimerization of Synaptobrevin/VAMP and Synaptophysin (2004)

Synaptophysin and synaptobrevin/VAMP are abundant synaptic vesicle proteins that form homo- and heterooligomers. We now use chemical cross-linking in synaptosomes, pinched-off nerve terminals that are capable of stimulus-dependent neurotransmitter release, to investigate whether these complexes are regulated. We show that in synaptosomes treated with three stimuli that induce exocytosis (a depolarizing K(+) solution, the excitatory neurotoxin alpha-latrotoxin, or the Ca(2+)-ionophore ionomycin), the homo- and heteromultimerization of synaptophysin and synaptobrevin is increased up to 6-fold. Whereas at rest less than 10% of the total synaptobrevin and synaptophysin could be chemically cross-linked into homo- and heteromeric complexes, after stimulation up to 25% of synaptobrevin and synaptophysin are present in homo- and heteromultimers, suggesting that a large fraction of these synaptic vesicle proteins physiologically participate in such complexes. The increase in multimerization of synaptophysin and synaptobrevin was only observed in intact but not in lysed synaptosomes and could not be inhibited by general kinase or phosphatase inhibitors. The stimulus dependence of synaptophysin and synaptobrevin multimers indicates that the complexes are not composed of a fixed multisubunit structure, for example, as an ion channel, but represent distinct functional states of synaptobrevin and synaptophysin that are modulated in parallel with synaptic vesicle exo- and endocytosis.
Extremum seeking for limit cycle minimization (2000)

In many physical problems, equilibrium stabilization is not possible and the controlled system is in a limit cycle. If the size of the limit cycle depends on some of the control parameters, then a reasonable objective would be to tune this parameter to minimize the size of the limit cycle. We propose a method for achieving this. This method is an extension of our earlier result (Kristic and Wang, 2000) on extremum seeking for equilibria. We illustrate the method with a Van der Pol oscillator example and present analysis for it using averaging and singular perturbations.