gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Cavity Microstructure in Ion-Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steel and Fe-20Ni-15Cr Alloy (1985)

The effect of a helium implantation schedule on the evolution of the cavity microstructure in Type 316 stainless steel and Fe-20Ni-15Cr alloy during heavy-ion irradiation was investigated for damage levels up to 100 displacements per atom (dpa) with three helium injection schedules, that is, 15 atomic parts per million (appm) He/dpa, 50 appm He/dpa, and 15 appm He pre-injected prior to Ni+ ion irradiation. In the case of the dual-ion irradiated specimens, there was a trend towards a saturation of the swelling with increasing damage level that was coincident with the saturation and a subsequent decrease of the number density of the small cavities (&lt;8 nm diameter for Type 316 stainless steel and &lt;4 nm for Fe-20Ni-15Cr) and the dislocation density. The bi-modal cavity size distribution that was determined for the Fe-20Ni-15Cr alloy at 40 dpa changed to uni-modal distribution at 65 and 100 dpa.
Mefloquine in the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (2010)

Mefloquine, an antimalarial medication with efficacy against JC virus, was used to treat progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. A 54-year-old woman with sarcoidosis presented with a progressive cerebellar syndrome. MRI showed lesions affecting the right cerebellum that progressed over time to the brainstem. JC virus was found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Mefloquine 1000 mg/week was initiated 6 months after symptom onset. Clinical progression stopped immediately, and JC virus became undetectable in the CSF. No clinical or imaging evidence of disease progression has occurred over 20 months of follow-up. This is the first report of successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mefloquine.
The Separation and Quantitative Estimation of Amylose and Amylopectin in Potato Starch (1943)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Separation and Quantitative Estimation of Amylose and Amylopectin in Potato StarchR. M. McCready and W. Z. HassidCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1943, 65, 6, 1154–1157Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1943Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1943https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01246a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01246a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1984Altmetric-Citations219LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Catalytic Treatment of Nitric Acid Plant Tail Gas (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Catalytic Treatment of Nitric Acid Plant Tail GasHolger C. Andersen, William J. Green, and Duane R. SteeleCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1961, 53, 3, 199–204Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50615a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50615a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views299Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Abrogation of lung inflammation in sensitized Stat6‐deficient mice is dependent on the allergen inhalation procedure (2000)

Conflicting results have been reported about the role of Stat6 in allergen-induced airway inflammation. We have studied the influence of the allergen inhalation procedure on the inflammatory response using wild-type and Stat6-deficient mice generated on a C57BL/6 background. Animals were immunized i.p. on day 0 and 7 with ovalbumin (OVA) and then received aerosolized OVA or phosphate buffer saline challenge (acute on day 14; chronic on day 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18) before being sacrificed at different time points. Following an acute challenge, Stat6-deficiency fully abrogated the increase in serum IgE levels and the development of lung inflammation (inflammatory cell infiltration, IL-4 and IL-5 release, and increase in plasma leakage). Following chronic challenge, despite the absence of IgE, IL-4 and IL-5, Stat6-deficient mice develop a characteristic lung inflammation, although the intensity was smaller when compared with the wild-type mice. OVA-induced early bronchoconstriction was observed in wild-type mice only after chronic challenge, and this was totally abrogated in the Stat6-deficient animals. These results suggest that Stat6 signalling is essential for the development of allergic airway inflammation following an acute allergen exposure. However, in a more chronic situation, the airway inflammatory response seems to be only partially mediated by Stat6.
Clinical Usefulness of Different Lipid Measures for Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease in Type 2 Diabetes (2011)

Non-HDL:HDL had a stronger effect on CHD risk than LDL cholesterol, and low TG:HDL values were more often seen within the lowest non-HDL:HDL tertile than within the lowest LDL cholesterol tertile. LDL cholesterol was not the best predictor of CHD risk in type 2 diabetes.
Safety and Tolerability of GV150526 (a Glycine Site Antagonist at the <i>N</i> -Methyl- <scp>d</scp> -Aspartate Receptor) in Patients With Acute Stroke (1999)

GV150526 is an emerging neuroprotective agent, with no apparent significant central nervous system or hemodynamic effects. Dose-limiting effects appear to be restricted to mild transient and asymptomatic rises in bilirubin and/or transaminases, primarily observed at high maintenance doses, and there were no findings that should preclude further clinical development.
Developing β‐secretase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (2011)

β-Secretase (memapsin 2; BACE-1) is the first protease in the processing of amyloid precursor protein leading to the production of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. It is believed that high levels of brain Aβ are responsible for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, β-secretase is a major therapeutic target for the development of inhibitor drugs. During the past decade, steady progress has been made in the evolution of β-secretase inhibitors toward better drug properties. Recent inhibitors are potent, selective and have been shown to penetrate the blood-brain barrier to inhibit Aβ levels in the brains of experimental animals. Moreover, continuous administration of a β-secretase inhibitor was shown to rescue age-related cognitive decline in transgenic AD mice. A small number of β-secretase inhibitors have also entered early phase clinical trials. These developments offer some optimism for the clinical development of a disease-modifying drug for AD.
Analyses Authentication and KeyAgreement (AKA) Protocol for UMTS Mobile Networks (2006)

This paper analyses the authentication and key agreement ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AKA</i> ) protocol for UMTS mobile networks, where a new authentication protocol which is able to reduce the network traffic and signaling message between entities, and consequently the bottleneck at authentication centre is avoided, this is achieved by reducing the number of messages between mobile and authentication centre, and then reducing the authentication times and setup time as well as improving authentication efficiency as shown in numerical analysis and simulation results. In this paper we propose dynamic length <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(L</i> ) for an array for authentication vector ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AV</i> ). This required designing new technique to predict the numbers of records in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AV</i> in each authentication data request depending on the to arrival rate of authentication events and residence time of <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MS</i> in <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VLR/SGSN</i> . The proposed <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AKA</i> with dynamic <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">L</i> for <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AV</i> is compared with the current <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AKA</i> with fixed length for <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AV</i> .
Embryonic head involution and rotation of male terminalia require the Drosophila locus head involution defective. (1991)

We have characterized the head involution defective (hid) locus which is located within the chromosomal region 75B8-C1,2. During the morphogenetic reorganization of the embryonic head region, hid+ function is necessary for the movement of the dorsal fold across the procephalon and clypeolabrum, a process that forms the frontal sac. The absence of the frontal sac in the hid mutant embryos affects the formation of the dorsal bridge and disrupts the development of the larval cephalopharyngeal skeleton. In addition to its embryonic role, this same hid function is also required during pupal development for the 360 degrees rotation of the male terminalia about the anterior-posterior body axis, and for a late step of wing blade morphogenesis. Although the abnormal wing phenotype caused by the Wrinkled (W) mutation is quite different from the one resulting from the loss-of-function hid mutations, the characterization of EMS-induced W revertants reveals that W is actually an antimorphic allele of hid.
Peer-to-Peer Multimedia Streaming Using BitTorrent (2007)

We propose a peer-to-peer multimedia streaming solution based on the BitTorrent content-distribution protocol. Our proposal includes two modifications that allow it to deliver multimedia data on time. First, we replace the rarest-first chunk downloading policy of BitTorrent by a policy requiring peers to download first the chunks that they will watch in the near future. Second, we introduce a new randomized tit-for-tat peer selection policy that gives free tries to a larger number of peers and lets them participate sooner in the media distribution. Our simulations indicate that both changes are required to achieve a good streaming quality.
Long‐term Follow‐up of Relaxation Training for Pediatric Headache Disorders (1992)

The long-term effects of relaxation training for pediatric headache disorders was determined for 17 of 20 original participants from a prospective control-group experimental design study with random assignment to autogenic relaxation, progressive relaxation, autogenic plus progressive relaxation, or waiting list control groups. Long-term follow-up data were obtained at an average of 51 months post-treatment. All participants reported some increases in headache activity. Participants in the three relaxation treatment groups, however, had significantly more headache-free days and less severe headaches compared to the control group. There were no significant effects of treatment for headache duration, medication intake and rest time due to headache. Twelve of the 13 treated participants indicated relaxation training was effective in relieving headaches, with 7 reporting they practiced relaxation exercises within the past month. The results generally support the long-term benefits of relaxation in reducing headaches originating in childhood.
Dense Vertically Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Arrays as Thermal Interface Materials (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays are being considered as thermal interface materials (TIMs). Using a phase sensitive transient thermo-reflectance technique, we measure the thermal conductance of the two interfaces on each side of a vertically aligned CNT array as well as the CNT array itself. We show that the physically bonded interface by van der Waals adhesion has a conductance <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex></formula>10<formula><tex>$^{5}$</tex> </formula> W/m<formula><tex>$^{2}$</tex></formula>K and is the dominant resistance. We also demonstrate that by bonding the free-end CNT tips to a target surface with the help of a thin layer of indium weld, the conductance can be increased to <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$\sim$</tex> </formula>10<formula><tex>$^{6}$</tex></formula> W/m<formula> <tex>$^{2}$</tex></formula>K making it attractive as a TIM. </para>
What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers (2016)

This report provides an overview of the gig economy -- i.e., the collection of markets that match providers to consumers on a gig (or job) basis in support of on-demand commerce (e.g., Uber, TaskRabbit) -- and identifies legal and policy questions relevant to its workforce.
Approximating polygonal curves in two and three dimensions (1993)

Given a polygonal curve P equals [p<SUB>1</SUB>, p<SUB>2</SUB>, ..., p<SUB>n</SUB>], the polygonal approximation problem considered in this paper calls for determining a new curve P<SUP>'</SUP> equals [p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>1</SUB>, p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>2</SUB>, ..., p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>m</SUB>] such that (i) m is significantly smaller than n, (ii) the vertices of P<SUP>'</SUP> are a subset of the vertices of P and (iii) any line segment [p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>A</SUB>,p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>A</SUB>+1] of P<SUP>'</SUP> that substitutes a chain [p<SUB>B</SUB>, ..., p<SUB>C</SUB>] in P is such that for all i where B <= i <= C, the approximation error of P<SUB>i</SUB> with respect to [p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>A</SUB>,p<SUP>'</SUP><SUB>A</SUB>+1], according to some specified criterion and metric, is less than a predetermined error tolerance. Using the parallel- strip error criterion, we study the following problems for a curve P in R<SUP>d</SUP>, where d >= 2: (1) minimize m for a given error tolerance and (ii) given m, find the curve P<SUP>'</SUP> that has the minimum approximation error over all curves that have at most m vertices. These problems are called the min-# and min-(epsilon) problems, respectively. For R<SUP>2</SUP> and with any one of the L<SUB>1</SUB>, L<SUB>2</SUB> or L<SUB>(infinity)</SUB> distance metrics, we give algorithms to solve the min-# problem in O(n<SUP>2</SUP>) time and the min-(epsilon) problem in O(n<SUP>2</SUP> log n) time, improving the best known algorithms to date by a factor of log n. When P is a polygonal curve in R<SUP>3</SUP> that is strictly monotone with respect to one of the three axes, we show that if the L<SUB>1</SUB> and L<SUB>INF</SUB> metrics are used then the min-# problem can be solved in O(n<SUP>2</SUP>) time and the min-(epsilon) problem can be solved in O(n<SUP>3</SUP>) time. All our algorithms exhibit O(n<SUP>2</SUP>) space complexity.
<title>All-fiber gyroscope for land navigation</title> (1995)

Requirements for a gyroscope intended for use in land navigation in a coupled dead- reckoning/GPS navigation system are governed more by economics than by performance. As a result, explicit performance requirements are poorly defined by the users. The development of a low-cost fiber optic gyro for this application is described. Using a short coil length, and simple packaging concepts, it represents an evolutionary approach to meeting evolving specifications. Based on elliptical-core polarization maintaining D fiber, fused fiber couplers and an on-fiber polarizer, the components are assembled by fusion splicing. The optical circuit loss is low, permitting use of a low power optical source. Signal processing is considerably simpler than for stand-alone inertial navigation systems, and the challenge is to minimize cost. The packaging concept is intended to facilitate assembly.
The Frequency Behavior of Stripline Circulator Junctions (1978)

The frequency dependence of the circulation equations for Y-junction stripline and microstrip circulators is investigated, and a new set of design curves is generated for the frequency-independent forms of the circulation condition's roots for both below- and above-resonance cases. Using this new set of curves, the wide-band design predicted by Wu and Rosenbaum and Bosma's narrow-band design are analyzed and compared. Quantitative arguments for the effect of the junction parameters on the bandwidth are given. To support the arguments, the theoretical junction performance of the 7-15 GHz "continuous tracking" circulator reported by Wu and Rosenbaum is calculated and compared with the theoretical performance of a 24 GHz circulator junction designed using the same method. Experimental results also are presented for the 24 GHz design. An analysis for the effect of the ferrite thickness on impedance matching is also included.
Physical Training Improves Endothelial Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure (1996)

These results indicate that physical training restores FDD in patients with chronic heart failure, possibly by enhanced endothelial release of nitric oxide.
Protease Inhibitors and Carcinogenesis: A Review (1996)

This brief review article deals with the subject of anticarcinogenic activity of protease inhibitors (PI). Three basic premises are made: (1) Although PI are prevalent constituents of dietary staples such as soy products, which have been epidemiologically associated with reduced cancer incidences at multiple target sites, they are unlikely to be the active anticarcinogenic entities. Cooked soy products, which are devoid of PI activity, are equally as effective at reducing cancer development as raw soy products. Isoflavones are likely to represent major chemopreventive agents in soy, although other constituents may well contribute. (2) Although supplementation of diets with PI (natural or synthetic), or direct topical administration, results in lower cancer incidences in many experimental models in vivo, this effect appears to be indirect. Dietary PI are, in general, poorly absorbed from the GI tract, and never reach target organs in any measurable quantity. The most attractive hypothesis is that dietary PI could induce synthesis and distribution of endogenous PI (acute-phase reactants), which have widespread effects on cell growth and behavior. Effects of topical administration of PI also encompass prominent anti-inflammatory effects. (3) A spectrum of PI inhibit in vitro transformation induced by a variety of carcinogenic agents. Their effects can be grouped into three basic categories, affecting: (a) signal transduction pathways; (b) DNA repair processes; and (c) nuclear proteases. I suggest that the nuclear multicatalytic protease activity, in particular the chymotrypsin-like activity, represents an important cellular target for which considerable anecdotal support can be garnered.
Statistical Approach To Estimate Vaccinia-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Titers Using a High-Throughput Assay (2009)

Because of the bioterrorism threat posed by agents such as variola virus, considerable time, resources, and effort have been devoted to biodefense preparation. One avenue of this research has been the development of rapid, sensitive, high-throughput assays to validate immune responses to poxviruses. Here we describe the adaptation of a beta-galactosidase reporter-based vaccinia virus neutralization assay to large-scale use in a study that included over 1,000 subjects. We also describe the statistical methods involved in analyzing the large quantity of data generated. The assay and its associated methods should prove useful tools in monitoring immune responses to next-generation smallpox vaccines, studying poxvirus immunity, and evaluating therapeutic agents such as vaccinia virus immune globulin.
Indomethacin-induced leukocyte adhesion in mesenteric venules: role of lipoxygenase products (1992)

Although the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying indomethacin-induced mucosal injury remain undefined, the results from recent studies suggest that leukocyte adherence in gastric microvessels may be an important component of this injury process. The objective of this study was to determine whether clinically relevant plasma concentrations of indomethacin promote leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesive interactions in postcapillary venules. Erythrocyte velocity, vessel diameter, leukocyte rolling velocity, and the number of adherent (stationary for greater than or equal to 30 s) and emigrated leukocytes were measured in rat mesenteric venules. Repeat measurements of all parameters were obtained within 20 min after addition of either 2.5 or 25 micrograms/ml indomethacin to the mesenteric superfusate. In some experiments, rats were pretreated with either a leukotriene (LT) synthesis inhibitor (L 663,536), an LTD4 (MK-571) or LTB4 (SC 41930) receptor antagonist, misoprostol, or prostacyclin (PGI2). Indomethacin alone increased the number of adherent leukocytes, reduced both leukocyte rolling velocity and venular shear rate, but did not promote leukocyte emigration. L 663,536 and SC 41930 prevented all of the adhesive and hemodynamic alterations induced by indomethacin; misoprostol and PGI2, but not MK-571, exerted similar beneficial effects. These results indicate that indomethacin promotes leukocyte adherence in postcapillary venules through an LTB4-dependent mechanism.
2. Triazaphenanthrenes. Part IV. Some 9-aryl-3-methyl-1 : 2 : 10-triazaphenanthrenes (1959)

C. M. Atkinson and R. E. Rodway, J. Chem. Soc., 1959, 6 DOI: 10.1039/JR9590000006