gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Powering efficiency of inductive links with inlaid electroplated microcoils (2004)

In order to free microelectromechanical systems and other microsystems from wire tethering, an inductive link with integrated receiving coil is shown to transfer power onto silicon chips. Link efficiency (ratio of power delivered to the load to power into the driving coil) benefits from receiver coils with both large interception areas and low resistances, contradictory conditions for integrated coils due to high specific resistance from planar fabrication. To address this, an 'inlaid electroplating' procedure is developed to fabricate microcoils on silicon substrates. Copper coils of 14 mm side length, 54 ?m height and 100 ?m pitch are electroplated and planarized to allow further lithography. Sidewalls between Cu lines are selectively removed to modify coil capacitances. Thin film and electroplated microcoils with and without sidewalls are characterized and compared as link receivers. Little difference in power delivery is observed between plated microcoils with and without sidewalls. Powering efficiency to a 50 ? load reached 85% for a link coupling of ~0.75. Since link properties are affected by parasitic effects from silicon chips, an equivalent circuit is developed, providing a good prediction of link efficiency. Link optimization is discussed using our model.
Endocrine/Exocrine Intermediate Cells in Streptozotocin-Treated Ins-IFN-γ Transgenic Mice (1997)

To trace the ontogeny of beta cell regrowth in adult transgenic mice that produce interferon-gamma in the islets (ins-IFN-gamma), their existing beta cells were depleted by treatment with high doses of streptozotocin (STZ). Initially, beta cell necrosis and degranulation were apparent in STZ-treated mice of both the BALB/c and the ins-IFN-gamma transgenic strains. The newly emerging transitional cells were then characterized by ultrastructural analysis. Interestingly, transitional cells harboring both exocrine and endocrine granules appeared frequently in ins-IFN-gamma transgenics after high-dose STZ treatment. New beta cells were produced primarily by the formation of new islets from the small pancreatic ducts. Beta cell regeneration in the ins-IFN-gamma transgenic mouse model is thus explained primarily by the budding of new islets from the ducts with acinar cells as possible precursors of islet cells.
Study on how to Improve Asphalt-Modified with SBS-Added Carbon-Nanotubes-Material (2012)

Years recently, materials with Nano-techniques on highway-works have been studied. Asphalt modified with Carbon-nanotubes-material can be one of them. There are a great deal of –type-conjugate bond and circled construction in them, they can easier bind to asphalt together with SBS than any other Nano-Inorganic material. This paper advances that a series of tests by putting SBS added with Carbon-nanotubes-material into asphalt are done at lab. The data show that the range of Carbon-nanotubes-material can be acceptable from 0.02-0.08%, meanwhile the asphalt-modified in the test can be comfortable with both the heat and the cold environment. Carbon-nanotubes-material can play a key role in the case of SBS added with it.
Integrating Patient Digital Photographs with Medical Imaging Examinations (2013)

We introduce the concept, benefits, and general architecture for acquiring, storing, and displaying digital photographs along with medical imaging examinations. We also discuss a specific implementation built around an Android-based system for simultaneously acquiring digital photographs along with portable radiographs. By an innovative application of radiofrequency identification technology to radiographic cassettes, the system is able to maintain a tight relationship between these photographs and the radiographs within the picture archiving and communications system (PACS) environment. We provide a cost analysis demonstrating the economic feasibility of this technology. Since our architecture naturally integrates with patient identification methods, we also address patient privacy issues.
Efficient Monitoring of Moving Mobile Device Range Queries using Dynamic Safe Regions (2013)

As the number of mobile devices is experiencing an explosive growth, mobile query processing has become an important application of mobile devices. One of the most frequently used mobile queries is range queries - retrieving surrounding objects of interest. As mobile devices are moving, these range queries are literally moving range queries. The main problem of processing mobile moving range queries is how to know when the surrounding objects of interest are no longer relevant (and the previously distant objects of interest have become relevant) since the mobile device has already moved to a new location. Past researches have proposed the use of safe region - an area where the set of objects of interest to the mobile device does not change. However, when the query leaves the safe region, the mobile device has to reprocess the query. Knowing when and where the mobile device will leave a safe region is widely known as a difficult problem. To solve this problem, we propose two novel methods: (i) efficient construction of the safe region by using only two objects closest to the border of the moving mobile device, and (ii) periodic monitoring the position of the mobile device. Our evaluation shows that our method enlarges the safe region compared with previous methods, giving the mobile device a wider range to roam, and therefore, reducing computation and communication costs.
Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition induced by transforming growth factor‐β1 in mouse tracheal epithelial cells (2009)

EMT was induced by TGF-beta1 in primary cultures of mTEC, suggesting that airway epithelial cells, possibly the basal cells, may be involved in airway remodelling through EMT.
Nitroparaffins (1942)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTNitroparaffinsH. B. HASSView Author Information Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.Cite this: Chem. Eng. News 1942, 20, 21, 1369–1370Publication Date (Print):November 10, 1942Publication History Published online4 November 2010Published inissue 10 November 1942https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v020n021.p1369Copyright © 1942 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views6Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (333 KB) SUBJECTS:Anions,Critical constants,Hydrogen,Inorganic acids and bases,Mixtures Get e-Alerts
Cell calcium and its regulation in smooth muscle (1989)

Two novel methods used to study smooth muscles-electron probe X-ray microanalysis and Ca2+-sensitive indicators (which are used for resolving, respectively, the spatial distribution and temporal distribution of calcium)-are briefly reviewed and the major findings obtained are summarized. In smooth muscle the sarcoplasmic reticulum is the major intracellular source of Ca2+; mitochondria do not play a significant role in the physiological regulation of [Ca2+]i. Under pathological conditions mitochondria can reversibly accumulate large amounts of calcium. Resting [Ca2+]i generally ranges from 80 to 200 nM, and is lower in phasic than in tonic smooth muscles. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+ entry blockers can reduce [Ca2+]i, but the effects of beta-adrenergic agents are variable. Increases in [Ca2+]i are triggered by electrical stimulation, depolarization with high K+, and excitatory agonists. Stretch, after a delay of several seconds, can cause an increase in [Ca2+]i in some smooth muscles. There is also a delay of approximately 200-400 ms between the initiation of the rise of Ca2+ and contraction that follows spontaneous action potentials or electrical stimulation. Agonist-induced Ca2+ release, a major mechanism of pharmacomechanical coupling, has been demonstrated in smooth muscles depolarized with high K; evidence suggests that it is mediated by G proteins that couple receptors to phospholipase C. Ca2+ release can be triggered directly in permeabilized smooth muscle with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Even though Ca2+ is the major physiological regulator of contraction, Ca2+ sensitivity of the regulatory-contractile apparatus differs in different (phasic and tonic) smooth muscles, and can be modulated in a given smooth muscle. The force [Ca2+]i ratio is higher during agonist-stimulated than during high K+-induced contractions, owing to agonist-induced increases in Ca2+ sensitivity mediated by G proteins. In some phasic smooth muscles (guinea pig ileum), the time course of the initial myosin light chain phosphorylation is extremely rapid and returns to basal levels while force remains elevated. In these smooth muscles there is also a marked decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of the regulatory-contractile apparatus during maintained depolarization in Ca2+-free or low Ca2+ solutions. It has been suggested that regulation of myosin light chain phosphatase plays a major role in the modulation of the Ca2+ sensitivity manifested as either potentiation or desensitization to [Ca2+]i.
Temperature and pH Dependences of Hydrogen Exchange and Global Stability for Ovomucoid Third Domain (1996)

Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to monitor proton-deuterium exchange rates (kobs) for more than 30 residues in turkey ovomucoid third domain. To test whether exchange is governed by global unfolding, rates were measured over a wide range of pH and temperatures where the change in the free energy of unfolding (delta Gzerou) is known [Swint, L., & Robertson, A. D. (1993) Protein Sci. 2, 2037-2049; Swint-Kruse, L., & Robertson, A. D. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 4724-4732]. Under conditions where EX2 kinetics are observed, a subset of 6-11 residues exhibits a one-to-one correlation with global stability. These residues are all located in central regions of secondary structures. Many other sites show varied degrees of correlation with delta Gzerou, while some are slower than expected on the basis of delta Gzerou alone. Preliminary evidence suggests that the latter is due to deviation from EX2 kinetics, even though experimental conditions are relatively mild (pH* 3 and 40 degrees C) compared to those in which deviations were observed for bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. These results, together with similar observations for hen egg white lysozyme and barnase, suggest that EX2 kinetics should not be assumed when interpreting exchange studies.
Cooperative Path-Planning for Multi-Vehicle Systems (2014)

In this paper, we propose a collision avoidance algorithm for multi-vehicle systems, which is a common problem in many areas, including navigation and robotics. In dynamic environments, vehicles may become involved in potential collisions with each other, particularly when the vehicle density is high and the direction of travel is unrestricted. Cooperatively planning vehicle movement can effectively reduce and fairly distribute the detour inconvenience before subsequently returning vehicles to their intended paths. We present a novel method of cooperative path planning for multi-vehicle systems based on reinforcement learning to address this problem as a decision process. A dynamic system is described as a multi-dimensional space formed by vectors as states to represent all participating vehicles’ position and orientation, whilst considering the kinematic constraints of the vehicles. Actions are defined for the system to transit from one state to another. In order to select appropriate actions whilst satisfying the constraints of path smoothness, constant speed and complying with a minimum distance between vehicles, an approximate value function is iteratively developed to indicate the desirability of every state-action pair from the continuous state space and action space. The proposed scheme comprises two phases. The convergence of the value function takes place in the former learning phase, and it is then used as a path planning guideline in the subsequent action phase. This paper summarizes the concept and methodologies used to implement this online cooperative collision avoidance algorithm and presents results and analysis regarding how this cooperative scheme improves upon two baseline schemes where vehicles make movement decisions independently.
Preferentially expressed genes in chronic myelogenous leukemia (1985)

The predominant circulating cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) morphologically resemble normal myeloid precursors; however, certain characteristics indicate the two are not identical. Approximately 88% of the patients with clinically typical CML present with a cytogenetic abnormality known as the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1). Additionally, the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) value is decreased in CML. To investigate if there are selected genes expressed in the CML cell population, poly(A+)RNA from a chronic-phase, Ph1-positive CML patient was used for construction of a complementary DNA (cDNA) library. Recombinant clones representing moderately to abundantly transcribed sequences were selected by annealing [32P]-cDNA transcribed from homologous RNA to the library sequences and assessing radioactivity in the hybrids. From an initial 729 colonies, 417 (57.2%) displayed a hybridization signal more intense than controls, indicating these recombinant plasmids contained sequences homologous to moderately or highly expressed RNAs from this particular patient. Screening of the 417 clones--utilizing 32P-cDNAs derived from normal human placenta, an acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML), and two other CML samples--was used to select clones likely to represent sequences preferentially expressed in CML. Sixteen recombinants were initially selected that repeatedly failed to display hybridization with the placenta and AMML-derived probes. Further analysis of eight of these clones indicated that six contain sequences preferentially expressed in CML. One clone, C-A3, has been studied with 63 different RNA samples. This sequence is found to be highly expressed in peripheral blood cells from the chronic phase of both Ph1-positive and Ph1-negative CML as well as in a Ph1-positive acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Expression is reduced in lymphoblastic crisis of CML (L BC-CML) and essentially absent in myeloblastic crisis of CML (M BC-CML). While preliminary, the results suggest that this probe may be useful as an aid in diagnosing Ph1-negative CML and in distinguishing M BC-CML from L BC-CML and Ph1-positive AML.
Drying mediated orientation and assembly structure of amphiphilic Janus particles (2018)

Amphiphilic Janus particles demonstrate unique assembly structures when dried on a hydrophilic substrate. Particle orientations are influenced by amphiphilicity and Janus balance. A three-stage model is developed to describe the process. Simulation further indicates the dominant force is capillary attraction due to the interface pinning at rough Janus boundaries.
The High-Frequency Trading Arms Race: Frequent Batch Auctions as a Market Design Response * (2015)

Abstract The high-frequency trading arms race is a symptom of flawed market design. Instead of the continuous limit order book market design that is currently predominant, we argue that financial exchanges should use frequent batch auctions: uniform price double auctions conducted, for example, every tenth of a second. That is, time should be treated as discrete instead of continuous, and orders should be processed in a batch auction instead of serially. Our argument has three parts. First, we use millisecond-level direct-feed data from exchanges to document a series of stylized facts about how the continuous market works at high-frequency time horizons: (i) correlations completely break down; which (ii) leads to obvious mechanical arbitrage opportunities; and (iii) competition has not affected the size or frequency of the arbitrage opportunities, it has only raised the bar for how fast one has to be to capture them. Second, we introduce a simple theory model which is motivated by and helps explain the empirical facts. The key insight is that obvious mechanical arbitrage opportunities, like those observed in the data, are built into the market design—continuous-time serial-processing implies that even symmetrically observed public information creates arbitrage rents. These rents harm liquidity provision and induce a never-ending socially wasteful arms race for speed. Last, we show that frequent batch auctions directly address the flaws of the continuous limit order book. Discrete time reduces the value of tiny speed advantages, and the auction transforms competition on speed into competition on price. Consequently, frequent batch auctions eliminate the mechanical arbitrage rents, enhance liquidity for investors, and stop the high-frequency trading arms race.
MIKROENKAPSULASI EKSTRAK FORMULA PEGAGAN-KUMIS KUCING-SAMBILOTO SEBAGAI INHIBITOR Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme SECARA In Vitro (2012)

Abstract Chitosan microencapsulation contained extract formula pegagan-kumis kucing-sambiloto was resulted from ionic gelation process. Chitosan microencapsulation was resulted by cleaning bath type of ultrasonication and homogenization method s . Optimum condition obtained at 2% of chitosan concentration (w/v) and 50 m L (v/v) of extract formula . The yields of chitosan microparticles was 64.24% . Characterization by SEM at 5000× magnification showed that the particle size of chitosan micro particles was not uniform. Chitosan micro particles without and contained extract formula had diameters between 0.40 µm-8.5 µm and 1 µm-6 µm, respectively . Each chitosan micro particles contained extract formula and extract formula ha d the ACE inhibitory activity of 78.41 %, and 75.73 %, respectively , while the captopryl as an p ositive control ha d ACE inhibitory activity of 75.24 % . W ave number peaks of chitosan spectrum was different  with micro particles spectrum by using of FTIR analysis. Chitosan micro particles - sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) contained extract formula ha d absorbance bands of 1652.32 cm -1 (C=O) and 1565.63 cm -1 (C=C, aromatic group of benzene). New absorbance bands also appeared at wave numbers of 1153.82 cm -1 and 1154.66 cm -1 which showed absorbance band of P=O group from STP compound . Keywords: chitosan-STP, microencapsulation
Planar Supported Bilayer Polymers Formed from Bis-Diene Lipids by Langmuir−Blodgett Deposition and UV Irradiation (2003)

Substrate-supported lipid bilayers have been prepared from bis-diene functionalized phosphorylcholine (PC) lipids and polymerized by UV irradiation. The overall bilayer structure is largely preserved upon removal from water, although significant loss of material occurs from the upper leaflet of the bilayer, likely due to desorption at the air/water interface. The morphology and surface structure of the bilayer, as observed by AFM, indicate a substantially different arrangement of the lipids in the hydrated and dehydrated states, presumably due to the loss of water from the near surface region. These changes have been correlated with infrared spectral shifts sensitive to the conformation of the hydrocarbon chains. Protein adsorption studies show that rehydrated, polymerized bilayers retain a degree of resistance to BSA adsorption intermediate between model hydrophobic and fluid PC lipid bilayer surfaces. The degree of protein adsorption is correlated with desorption of material from the upper leaflet of the bilayer upon drying, which produces voids at which hydrophobically driven protein adsorption occurs.
Human myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer: Induction, functional characterization, and therapy (2015)

Tumor immune tolerance can derive from the recruitment of suppressor cell populations, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). MDSCs inhibit anti-tumor T cell responses through a variety of mechanisms including nutrient depletion, production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, VEGF expression, and regulatory T cell expansion. In cancer patients and murine tumor models, MDSC accumulation correlates with increased stage and tumor burden, but the frequency and mechanisms of MDSC induction in human cancer remain poorly understood. This study examined the ability of a diverse set of human solid tumor cell lines to induce MDSC using in vitro tumor co-culture methods. Newly induced suppressor cells were characterized for morphology, phenotype, and gene expression. Of over 100 solid tumor cell lines examined, 45 generated canonical CD33+ HLADRlow Lineage- MDSC, with high frequency of induction by cervical, ovarian, colorectal, renal cell, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. CD33+ MDSC could be induced by some cancer cell lines of all tumor types examined with the notable exception of breast cancer cell lines (0/9, inclusive of models with different hormone and HER2 mutation status). Upon further examination, breast cancer cell lines and other tumor types with infrequent CD33+ MDSC induction preferentially induced an undiscovered CD11b+ CD33low HLADRlow Lineage- MDSC subset. Gene and protein expression, neutralization, and cytokine induction experiments determined that the ability of tumor cell lines to induce CD33+ MDSC depended upon over-expression of IL-1?, IL-6, TNF?, VEGF, and GM-CSF, while CD11b+ MDSCinduction correlated with over-expression of FLT3L and TGF?. Both CD33+ and CD11b+ MDSC subsets appeared as immature myeloid cells by Wright-Giemsa staining and had significantly up-regulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, TGF?, NADPH oxidase, VEGF, and arginase-1 genes compared with normal myeloid cells.
Rare Earth Cathodoluminescence in InBO[sub 3] and Related Orthoborates (1967)

The cathodoluminescence from Eu3+ and Tb3+ in the orthoborates of In, Sc, Y, La, Gd, and Lu is examined. The host is shown to be particularly effective for both activators. Observed spectral details of the luminescence are related to effects of crystal symmetry on electronic transitions.