gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional dielectric network structures with large photonic band gaps (2003)

Several three-dimensional dielectric network structures possessing large photonic band gaps are presented. Two of these photonic crystals show gaps as large as 26% of the midgap frequency for a refractive index contrast 3.6:1. Four of the proposed structures consist of three-connected networks and a fifth structure has a mixture of three- and four-connected nodes. The realization of these structures using block polymer self-assembly, interference lithography and layer-by-layer lithography is briefly discussed.
A new nanonetwork architecture using flagellated bacteria and catalytic nanomotors (2010)

Molecular communication has been recently proposed for interconnected nano-scale devices as an alternative to classical communication paradigms such as electromagnetic waves, acoustic or optical communication. In this novel approach, the information is encoded as molecules that are transported between nano-scale devices within different distances. For short distances (nm-mm ranges) there exist molecular motors and calcium signaling techniques to realize the communication. For long distances (mm-m ranges), pheromones are used to transport information. In this work, the medium-range is explored to cover distances from ¿m to mm and a molecular network architecture is proposed to realize the communication between nano-machines that can be deployed over different (short, medium and long) distances. In addition, two new communication techniques, flagellated bacteria and catalytic nanomotors, are proposed to cover the medium-range. Both techniques are based on the transport of DNA encoded information between emitters and receivers by means of a physical carrier. Finally, a qualitative comparison of both communication techniques is carried out and some future research topics are pointed out.
Array CGH of fusion gene–positive leukemia‐derived cell lines reveals cryptic regions of genomic gain and loss (2006)

Human leukemia-derived cell lines containing characteristic chromosomal translocations and inversions have been instrumental in identifying fusion genes implicated in the pathogenesis of the corresponding leukemia. Although chimeric fusion genes usually provide early and essential steps in the development of leukemia, they are not in themselves sufficient, requiring additional genetic events. The nature of these secondary, cooperating genetic events is not known. The advent of genome wide microarray-based methods for assessing copy number changes made it possible to search for cytogenetically invisible regions of chromosome imbalance. We used BAC microarrays with a resolution of 1 Mb to determine whether cryptic regions of deletion or gain were associated with specific leukemia-associated fusion genes in a series of cell lines. To complement the array analysis, we also applied 24-color karyotyping by M-FISH. This revealed cryptic chromosomal translocations and regions of loss or gain in all the cell lines studied. The chromosomal origin of previously unidentified marker chromosomes was revealed. In all cases, chromosomes described as monosomic were shown to be involved in unbalanced translocations with concurrent loss and/or gain of chromosomal material. The extent of these amplified and deleted regions was more accurately defined. Finally, small regions of deletion and amplification, often including genes known to be involved in leukemia progression (for example MYC, TP53, CDKN2A, and KIT), were identified.
Dependency-aware reordering for parallelizing query optimization in multi-core CPUs (2009)

The state of the art commercial query optimizers employ cost-based optimization and exploit dynamic programming (DP) to find the optimal query execution plan (QEP) without evaluating redundant sub-plans. The number of alternative QEPs enumerated by the DP query optimizer can increase exponentially, as the number of joins in the query increases. Recently, by exploiting the coming wave of multi-core processor architectures, a state of the art parallel optimization algorithm [14], referred to as PDPsva, has been proposed to parallelize the "time-consuming" DP query optimization process itself. While PDPsva significantly extends the practical use of DP to queries having up to 20-25 tables, it has several limitations: 1) supporting only the size-driven DP enumerator, 2) statically allocating search space, and 3) not fully exploiting parallelism. In this paper, we propose the first generic solution for parallelizing any type of bottom-up optimizer, including the graph-traversal driven type, and for supporting dynamic search allocation and full parallelism. This is a challenging problem, since recently developed, state of art DP optimizers such as DPcpp [21] and DPhyp [22] are very difficult to parallelize due to tangled dependencies in the join pairs they generate. Unless the solution is very carefully devised, a lot of synchronization conflicts are bound to occur. By viewing a serial bottom-up optimizer as one which generates a totally ordered sequence of join pairs in a streaming fashion, we propose a novel concept of dependency-aware reordering, which minimizes waiting time caused by dependencies of join pairs. To maximize parallelism, we also introduce a series of novel performance optimization techniques: 1) pipelining of join pair generation and plan generation; 2) the synchronization-free global MEMO; and 3) threading across dependencies. Through extensive experiments with various query topologies, we show that our solution supports any type of bottom up optimization, achieving linear speedup for each type. Despite the fact that our solution is generic, due to sophisticated optimization techniques, our generic parallel optimizer outperforms PDPsva tailored to size-driven enumeration. Experimental results also show that our solution is much more robust than PDPsva with respect to search space allocation.
Study of heterogeneous emission of parinaric acid isomers using multifrequency phase fluorometry (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy of heterogeneous emission of parinaric acid isomers using multifrequency phase fluorometryTiziana Parasassi, Filippo Conti, and Enrico GrattonCite this: Biochemistry 1984, 23, 23, 5660–5664Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00318a042https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00318a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views46Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
New Evidence about an Old Drug — Risk with Codeine after Adenotonsillectomy (2013)

In response to reports of respiratory depression and death in young children who had received codeine after tonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, or both, the FDA initiated a safety evaluation. The result is a boxed warning on the labels of all codeine-containing products.
Stress and Nutritional Quality of Broilers (2001)

Broiler chicks were reared in environmental chambers. All birds were started under ideal conditions, i.e., 30.6 C with 35% RH. Beginning at Day 36, half of the chicks were maintained at 24 C and 35% RH. The other half were subjected to a cyclic temperature-RH regime that approximated a typical August day in central Mississippi (heat treatment). Half of each of the described groups received implants of osmotic pumps that released adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) at 8 IU/kg BW/d for 7 d. The remaining birds received placebo pumps. The main effects of ACTH and heat treatments were similar. Both treatments caused reductions in BW, carcass weight (CW), carcass protein (CP), and muscle calorie (C) content. ACTH, but not heat, reduced carcass moisture (M). Carcass fat and ash, however, were not affected. Most changes were not reversed after 1 wk of recovery. Although visible signs of pale, soft, exudative muscle (PSE) were present, "white" areas of muscle were absent. The decreased meat yield and detrimental changes in meat quality suggest that stress, whether induced hormonally or by exposure to over-heating, caused losses that were as severe as those associated with PSE under field conditions.
Role of adenosine in platelet-mediated reduction in pulmonary vascular permeability (1992)

Previous studies have shown that platelets decrease 125I-labeled albumin permeability across confluent bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell monolayers. In the current study, we addressed the role of platelets and platelet-derived adenosine (ADO) in vascular barrier function with cultured endothelial cells and isolated perfused lungs. Both 7 x 10(7) platelets/ml and conditioned media prepared from the same concentration of platelets reduced albumin permeability of endothelial monolayers by 37%. This activity was abolished by pretreatment of the platelets with adenosine deaminase (ADA). ADO (10(-7) M) added directly to the monolayer reduced permeability by 19%. Dipyridamole (10(-6) M), an inhibitor of facilitated ADO uptake, was used to evaluate the contribution of endothelial uptake of ADO in the platelet effect. Dipyridamole pretreatment of the endothelial monolayer did not alter the ability of platelets to decrease albumin permeability. Addition of either an A1- or A2-receptor-specific analogue of ADO to endothelial monolayers revealed that only the A1-analogue possessed permeability-decreasing activity. An isolated perfused guinea pig lung model was used to evaluate the effect of platelets on transvascular water flux as measured by the capillary filtration coefficient (Kf,c). Platelets (4.5 x 10(7) platelets/ml) added to the perfusate reduced Kf,c by 29%. Pretreatment of platelets with ADA abolished this response. The addition of ADO (10(-7) M) reduced Kf,c by 11%. Pulmonary vascular resistance was not changed by any intervention. Our results indicate that ADO is a component in platelet-mediated decreases both in albumin permeability across endothelial monolayers and of the capillary filtration coefficient in isolated perfused lungs.
Evidence Mounts That Nitrite Contributes to Hypoxic Vasodilation in the Human Circulation (2008)

ypoxic vasodilation is a conserved physiological re- sponse to hypoxia that matches blood flow and oxygen delivery to tissue metabolic demand. This fundamental physiological process has been characterized for 100 years since the initial description by Roy and Brown 1 in 1880. Hypoxic vasodilation requires a sensor mechanism that can detect a divergence in the normal relationship between delivered blood oxygen and tissue oxygen consumption. 2 This hypoxic sensor mechanism must be coupled to the feedback generation of vasodilatory effectors that increase blood flow to maintain adequate tissue oxygenation. In short, hypoxic vasodilation requires hypoxia and/or pH sensing coupled to the release of a vasodilating signal. In mammalian species, the set point for hypoxic vasodilation occurs as the hemoglobin desaturates from 60% to 40%, around a partial pressure of oxygen ranging from 40 to 20 mm Hg. Although a number of mediators have been considered, including adenosine, nitric oxide (NO), ATP-sensitive potassium (K ATP ) channels, endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (candidates include CO, H 2 O 2 , or ONOO ), and prostacyclin, 2,4 the specific blockade of many of these pathways fails to completely inhibit hypoxic vasodilation.
Dynamic collaborator discovery in information intensive environments (1999)

article Free Access Share on Dynamic collaborator discovery in information intensive environments Authors: David Payton HRL Labs, Malibu, CA HRL Labs, Malibu, CAView Profile , Mike Daily HRL Labs, Malibu, CA HRL Labs, Malibu, CAView Profile , Kevin Martin HRL Labs, Malibu, CA HRL Labs, Malibu, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 31Issue 2esJune 1999 pp 8–eshttps://doi.org/10.1145/323216.323355Published:01 June 1999Publication History 9citation763DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations9Total Downloads763Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Surface-Charge Induced Ion Depletion and Sample Stacking near Single Nanopores in Microfluidic Devices (2008)

We report integrated nanopore/microchannel devices in which single nanopores are isolated between two microfluidic channels. The devices were formed by sandwiching track-etched conical nanopores in a poly(ethylene terephthalate) membrane between two poly(dimethylsiloxane) microchannels. Integration of the nanopores into microfluidic devices improves mass transport to the nanopore and allows easy coupling of applied potentials. Electrical and optical characterization of these individual nanopores suggests double layer overlap is not required to form an ion depletion region adjacent to the nanopore in the microchannel; rather, excess surface charge in the nanopore contributes to the formation of this ion depletion region. We used fluorescent probes to optically map the ion depletion region and the stacking of fluorescein near the nanopore/microchannel junction, and current measurements confirmed formation of the ion depletion region.
Seakeeping model tests of a 400 MW OTEC spar platform and cold water pipe (1979)

A number of theoretical methods are currently being used to predict seakeeping behavior (behavior in a seaway) of complete OTEC plants including a platform and CWP. Validation of these methods is generally limited, due in part to the limited available test data. To date no at-sea data and only one set of model test data are available for a complete OTEC plant. The primary purpose of the present and previous tests is to provide data for validation. The present tests are for a large (400 MW) spar type platform developed by Lockheed Missiles and Space Company (LMSC). A 1:110 scale model was constructed and used for testing. Tests were carried out for the following configurations: spar alone, spar with CWP free in pitch and roll, and spar with CWP rigidly attached. For all seakeeping tests, wave height and five motions (heave, pitch, roll, surge, sway) of the spar model were measured. Results are presented in the form of response amplitude operators and significant (average of one-third highest) amplitudes for random waves. Test results are also compared with theoretical predictions made for the exact conditions of the test model. (WHK)
Role of natural killer and killer cells in concordant xenograft rejection. (1995)

This study was designed to test the alternative hypothesis to the T-cell cytotoxicity as a primary element in concordant xenograft rejection. Two sets of studies were done with one involving the known NK- and K-cell deficient Be mouse and another in which a normal mouse was induced with high levels (3 to 5 times normal) of LAK cell killing by a constant Osmolar Mini-Pump infusion of rIL-2. In the Be animals the CXR of skin and cardiac CXR grafts was slightly prolonged and the graft survived for a longer time than normal grafts, indicating the NK- and K-cell mechanisms are operative in CXR. These studies suggest that the NK and K cells act as ancillary mechanisms in cytotoxicity in CXR. In the second portion of these studies, the increasing of LAK cell activity by infusions of rIL-2 failed to delay rejection beyond that in the Be mouse but did delay rejection beyond controls. These results suggest that the NK- and K-cell killing acts as an ancillary mechanism in CXR. Because these animals had only a slight rise in ADCC shortly after transplantation with maximum titers of 1:256 in this model, it would be presumptive to assume that cell killing was not important in CXR because many xenograft models show extraordinarily high levels of ADCC after transplantation, especially in a late transplant period. As in human allografting, the vasculitis seen with ADCC antibody could be expected to represent a significant pathology long after transplantation and this mechanism of cytotoxicity involving NK and K cells may be important in a later phase after xenografting when chronic vasculitis develops in the long surviving xenografts. Techniques for immunomodulation of the NK and K activity are now being actively pursued in our laboratory.
A genetic algorithm for the linear transportation problem (1991)

Genetic algorithms are adaptive procedures that find solutions to problems by an evolutionary process based on natural selection. The use of alternative genetic algorithms for solving the linear transportation problem is discussed. Using it as an example the relationship between representation structures and genetic operators is investigated for constrained problems, and the value of structures richer than bitstrings is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Delay variability: sources, impacts and trends (2002)

The electrical performance of an integrated circuit is impacted by (a) environmental factors which include variations in power supply voltage and temperature, and(b) physical factors caused by processing and mask imperfections. Only the physical sources of variability, denoted P, are dealt with. P includes device and wire model parameters such as V/sub th/, T/sub ox/ and R/sub s/.
The Verwey transition - a topical review (2002)

This review encompasses the story of the Verwey transition in magnetite over a period of about 90 years, from its discovery up to the present. Despite this long period of thorough investigation, the intricate multi-particle system Fe3O4 with its various magneto-electronic interactions is not completely understood, as yet - although considerable progress has been achieved, especially during the last two decades. It therefore appeared appropriate to subdivide this retrospect into three eras: (I) from the detection of the effect to the Verwey model (1913-1947), being followed by a period of: (II) checking, questioning and modification of Verwey's original concepts (1947-1979). Owing to prevailing under-estimation of the role of crystal preparation and qualitiy control, this period is also characterized by a series of uncertainties and erroneous statements concerning the reaction order (one or two) and type of the transition (multi-stage or single stage). These latter problems, beyond others, could definitely be solved within era (III) (1979 to the present) - in favour of a first-order, single-stage transition near 125 K - on the basis of experimental and theoretical standards established in the course of a most inspiring conference organized in 1979 by Sir Nevill Mott in Cambridge and solely devoted to the present topic. Regarding the experimental field of further research, the remarkable efficiency of magnetic after-effect (MAE) spectroscopy as a sensitive probe for quality control and investigation of low-temperature (4 K<T<Tv) charge transport mechanisms is pointed out. Under theoretical aspects two concepts, going back to Mott and Ihle-Lorenz, presently appear most promising. Mott's view of the Verwey transition, as corresponding to the phase changing of a Wigner glass (T>Tv) into a Wigner crystal (T<Tv), describes most adequately the various low-temperature mechanisms in Fe3O4 in terms of tunnelling and variable range hopping of small polarons. On the other hand, the well-elaborated Ihle-Lorenz model, assuming a superposition of polaron-band and -hopping conductivity, is in better agreement with the high-temperature data (Tv<T<600 K).
Expression of Constitutive and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthases in the Vascular Wall of Young and Aging Rats (1998)

Two NO synthase (NOS) isoforms have been described in vessels, an endothelial constitutive NOS (eNOS) and an inducible NOS (iNOS). The purpose of the present study was to examine the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent hypotensive response in aging rats, analyzing the ability of their vessels to produce NO. The studies were performed in 2 groups of euvolemic, conscious, male Wistar rats: aging rats (n=20, 18 months old) and young rats (n=20, 5 months old). The hypotensive responses to acetylcholine, bradykinin, and sodium nitroprusside were determined. Furthermore, the expression of the NOS isoforms by Western blot and the eNOS and iNOS activities, defined as Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-independent conversion of [14C]L-arginine into [14C]L-citrulline, respectively, were also determined. In the aging rats, we found an impaired hypotensive response to acetylcholine and bradykinin (2 NO- and endothelium-dependent hypotensive agents) that was accompanied by a preserved hypotensive response to sodium nitroprusside. Aging rats also demonstrated an enhanced sensitivity response to the pressor effect of the L-arginine antagonist L-Nomega-nitro-L-arginine and a reduced vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II. The inhibition of NO synthesis normalized the pressor effect of angiotensin II in the aging animals. Nitrite plus nitrate plasma levels were increased in aging rats. Furthermore, cGMP content was also higher in the aging vessels. In the aging aortas, the expression of both eNOS and iNOS isoforms was enhanced. However, in aging rats, the activity of the eNOS isoform was markedly reduced, a finding that was accompanied by the presence of iNOS activity. The vessel wall of aging rats showed an enhanced expression of eNOS and iNOS isoforms. However, eNOS activity was reduced in the aging animals. These findings could explain the impaired endothelium-dependent hypotensive response associated with aging.
3-D inversion of gravity data (1998)

Abstract We present two methods for inverting surface gravity data to recover a 3-D distribution of density contrast. In the first method, we transform the gravity data into pseudomagnetic data via Poisson's relation and carry out the inversion using a 3-D magnetic inversion algorithm. In the second, we invert the gravity data directly to recover a minimum structure model. In both approaches, the earth is modeled by using a large number of rectangular cells of constant density, and the final density distribution is obtained by minimizing a model objective function subject to fitting the observed data. The model objective function has the flexibility to incorporate prior information and thus the constructed model not only fits the data but also agrees with additional geophysical and geological constraints. We apply a depth weighting in the objective function to counteract the natural decay of the kernels so that the inversion yields depth information. Applications of the algorithms to synthetic and field data produce density models representative of true structures. Our results have shown that the inversion of gravity data with a properly designed objective function can yield geologically meaningful information.