gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of time Pressure on Dynamic Visual Search Performance (2015)

A time limit usually exists in a real-life visual search task. This study investigated the effect of time pressure on dynamic visual search performance. A 2 (movement velocity: high vs. low) × 2 (time pressure: high vs. low) between-subject factorial design was used in this experiment. The time lengths corresponding to 63.2% cumulative probability of detection (i.e., time constant) and the probability of 50% were selected as low and high time pressure. When velocity was 4̊/s, 9.72 s and 6.89 s were chosen as the time limits for low and high time pressure respectively; when velocity was 16̊/s, 20.30 s and 14.22 s were chosen for low and high time pressure separately. There were 4 different experimental conditions: high velocity/high pressure, high velocity/low pressure, low velocity/high pressure, low velocity /low pressure, and no time-pressure control condition. 60 university students participated in this experiment. They were divided into 4 groups, i.e., each group included 15 students. Each participant took 20 search tasks in the experiment. The search time and accuracy of each participant were recorded. The difference in search performance between low time pressure condition and no time pressure condition was not significant whereas that between low time pressure condition and high time pressure condition was significant in the course of 4̊/s movement velocity. In the velocity of 16̊/s situation, the differences in performance between low time pressure and high time pressure conditions were not significant. Those results revealed that search performance was sensitive to time pressure under the situation of low movement velocity and the performance was not sensitive in the high velocity condition. The obtained results could be a reference for deciding the time limit (i.e., the permitted longest search time) for a specific visual search task.
Sonstige Eingriffe (2002)

Herztumoren sind selten. Etwa 70% aller Herztumoren sind gutartig, nur bei 30% besteht die Möglichkeit einer Invasion oder Metastasierung. Bahnson u. Newman [4] entfernten erstmals ein rechtsatriales Myxom mittels „inflow occlusion”, Crafoord [34] gelang es 1954, ein linksatriales Myxom mit Hilfe der extrakorporalen Zirkulation zu exzidieren.
[Poster] A reconstructive see-through display (2014)

The two most common display technologies used in augmented reality head-mounted displays are optical see-through and video see-through. In this paper I demonstrate a third alternative: reconstructive see-through. By using a commodity depth camera to construct a dense 3D model of the world and rendering this to the user, distracting latency and position discrepancies between real and virtual objects can be reduced.
A scalable multicast routing (2002)

With the growing interests in distributed applications, efficient and scalable multicast is of great concern. Widely used multicast routing protocols, represented by the DVMRP, however become very inefficient when used over large scale internetworks. New multicast routing protocols (RPs) like PIM (protocol independent multicast) and CBT (core based trees) being developed by the IDMR working group of the IETF, trade efficiency of multicast distribution trees with scalability, but they have some issues open to further study. The work presented in this paper, designated rendezvous point multicast routing (DRP), is essentially complementary to PIM-SM (sparse mode) and CBT, yet introduces new concepts to resolve their residual problems. While presenting basic features of the shared-tree structure found in PIM or CBT, the proposed DRP scheme takes an intelligent approach to tree creation and management so that it can generate multicast delivery trees of lower average cost with less control overhead. Improvement on scalability is sought by using a hierarchical architecture, which requires the multicast addresses be administratively scoped in accordance with the hierarchy. Management of candidate RPs are restricted within individual hierarchical regions. Meanwhile, the DRP scheme is recursive, meaning that all routers run the same algorithm regardless their hierarchical levels.
The Retrograde Frequency Response of Passive Dendritic Trees Constrains the Nonlinear Firing Behaviour of a Reduced Neuron Model (2012)

Our goal was to investigate how the propagation of alternating signals (i.e. AC), like action potentials, into the dendrites influenced nonlinear firing behaviour of motor neurons using a systematically reduced neuron model. A recently developed reduced modeling approach using only steady-current (i.e. DC) signaling was analytically expanded to retain features of the frequency-response analysis carried out in multicompartment anatomically reconstructed models. Bifurcation analysis of the extended model showed that the typically overlooked parameter of AC amplitude attenuation was positively correlated with the current threshold for the activation of a plateau potential in the dendrite. Within the multiparameter space map of the reduced model the region demonstrating "fully-bistable" firing was bounded by directional DC attenuation values that were negatively correlated to AC attenuation. Based on these results we conclude that analytically derived reduced models of dendritic trees should be fit on DC and AC signaling, as both are important biophysical parameters governing the nonlinear firing behaviour of motor neurons.
TWO COMPONENTS OF THE SOLAR CORONAL EMISSION REVEALED BY EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS (2011)

Recent spectroscopic observations have revealed the ubiquitous presence of blueward asymmetries of emission lines formed in the solar corona and transition region. These asymmetries are most prominent in loop footpoint regions, where a clear correlation of the asymmetry with the Doppler shift and line width determined from the single Gaussian fit is found. Such asymmetries suggest at least two emission components: a primary component accounting for the background emission and a secondary component associated with high-speed upflows. The latter has been proposed to play a vital role in the coronal heating process and there is no agreement on its properties. Here we slightly modify the initially developed technique of Red-Blue (RB) asymmetry analysis and apply it to both artificial spectra and spectra observed by the EUV Imaging Spectrometer onboard Hinode, and demonstrate that the secondary component usually contributes a few percent of the total emission, has a velocity ranging from 50 to 150 km s-1 and a Gaussian width comparable to that of the primary one in loop footpoint regions. The results of the RB asymmetry analysis are then used to guide a double Gaussian fit and we find that the obtained properties of the secondary component are generally consistent with those obtained from the RB asymmetry analysis. Through a comparison of the location, relative intensity, and velocity distribution of the blueward secondary component with the properties of the upward propagating disturbances revealed in simultaneous images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we find a clear association of the secondary component with the propagating disturbances.
Analysis of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generated in three liquid media by low temperature helium plasma jet (2017)

In order to identify aqueous species formed in Plasma activated media (PAM), quantitative investigations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) were performed and compared to Milli-Q water and culture media without and with Fetal Calf Serum. Electron paramagnetic resonance, fluorometric and colorimetric analysis were used to identify and quantify free radicals generated by helium plasma jet in these liquids. Results clearly show the formation of ROS such as hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and singlet oxygen in order of the micromolar range of concentrations. Nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitrite-nitrate anions (in range of several hundred micromolars) are the major species observed in PAM. The composition of the medium has a major impact on the pH of the solution during plasma treatment, on the stability of the different RONS that are produced and on their reactivity with biomolecules. To emphasize the interactions of plasma with a complex medium, amino acid degradation by means of mass spectrometry was also investigated using methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan and arginine. All of these components such as long lifetime RONS and oxidized biological compounds may contribute to the cytotoxic effect of PAM. This study provides mechanistic insights into the mechanisms involved in cell death after treatment with PAM.
Time, a quality‐control parameter in flow cytometry (1987)

Time has been used as a quality-control parameter in our flow cytometer. This parameter was automatically incorporated into the list-mode data base by hooking the computer clock directly into the acquisition logic. Quality control can then be checked by "replaying" fluorescence or light scatter data vs. time and any instrumental drift can be observed and degraded data can be excised. The technique is illustrated with a number of DNA data sets from a tissue culture cell line in which artificial perturbations were introduced during data acquisition to simulate potential causes of instrumental drift.
A Case of Salmonella Prostatitis in a Renal Transplant Patient (1986)

A 38-year-old man who received a living renal transplantation 12 years ago came to our hospital with terminal hematuria. Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from expressed prostatic secretion and seminal fluid. He was diagnosed as chronic bacterial prostatitis and administered nalidixic acid, 2 g by mouth four times daily for one month. But 3 days after the drug was stopped S. typhimurium was again isolated from seminal fluid, so it was necessary to continue the same treatment for 2 months.
Association of common promoter polymorphisms of MCP1 with hepatitis B virus clearance (2006)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers closely associated with chronic infection by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) or the hepatitis C virus (HCV) throughout the world. In this study, the genetic associations of 20 known polymorphisms in eight candidate genes, including angiotensinogen (AGT), cadherin 1 (CDH1), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), chemokine ligand 5 (RANTES), thrombospondin 2 (THBS2), and thrombospondin 4 (THBS4), were analyzed in a large chronic hepatitis B cohort (n=1,095) recruited from the Korean population. In addition, three polymorphisms in chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and vimentin (VIM) identified in this study were also genotyped. Using logistic regression analysis controlling possible confounding factors, one common (freq.=0.367) promoter polymorphism of MCP1 (MCP1-2518G>A) among analyzed polymorphisms was significantly associated with clearance of HBV infection. The frequency of homozygotes for the MCP1-2518A allele (MCP1-2518A/A) among chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier patients was significantly higher than that among spontaneously recovered (SR) subjects (17.7% vs. 10.4%)(OR=1.78, P=0.004). Our findings imply a plausible explanation for the contribution of host genetic determinants to the variable outcome of HBV infection, which might provide valuable information for future genetic study in this area.
Error control techniques for integrated services packet networks (1989)

The design of a multiservice packet network must ensure that delays to speech packets are minimized while data and other types of packets are delivered without error. The author suggests some ways in which error detection, forward error correction (FEC), and automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes may be utilized in integrated services packet networks (ISPNs) to ensure that satisfactory error performance and reliability standards are achieved. The results show that ARQ schemes combined with reliable error detection are the most practical way of achieving reliable error control in integrated services networks. Also, such error control schemes can have performance advantages if applied on a region-by-region basis rather than simple end-to-end.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Improving file system performance with adaptive methods (1999)

My thesis is that the systematic application of simple adaptive methods to file system design can produce systems that are significantly more robust to changing hardware and diverse workloads than existing systems. I present modifications to the log-structured file system that allow it to provide robust write performance in a wide range of environments. I also present a dynamic reorganization algorithm that makes disk layout responsive to read patterns. I evaluate these adaptive algorithms with trace driven simulation on a combination of synthetic and measured traces. I find that simple adaptive algorithms can dramatically improve worst case performance and can allow average case performance to scale with improvements in disk technology.
High dosage anticholinergic therapy in dystonia (1983)

Twenty-three children and 52 adults with torsion dystonia of various etiologies and distribution patterns of the involuntary movements were treated in an open-label study with anticholinergic medication. The dosage was increased gradually until there was either benefit or intolerable adverse effects. Trihexyphenidyl was used initially, but later ethopropazine was given to adult subjects. Significant benefit occurred in 61% of children and in 38% of adults. The average daily dosages were 41 mg trihexyphenidyl for children, 24 mg trihexyphenidyl for adults, and 350 mg ethopropazine for adults. Adverse effects were the major limiting factor to high dosage in adults, but not in children.
Dual-Modified Novel Biomimetic Nanocarriers Improve Targeting and Therapeutic Efficacy in Glioma (2018)

Glioma is a fatal disease with limited treatment options and very short survival. Although chemotherapy is one of the most important strategies in glioma treatment, it remains extremely clinically challenging largely due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB). Thus, the development of nanoparticles with both BBB and BBTB penetrability, as well as glioma-targeting feature, is extremely important for the therapy of glioma. New findings in nanomedicine are promoting the development of novel biomaterials. Herein, we designed a red blood cell membrane-coated solid lipid nanoparticle (RBCSLN)-based nanocarrier dual-modified with T7 and NGR peptide (T7/NGR-RBCSLNs) to accomplish these objectives. As a new kind of biomimetic nanovessels, RBCSLNs preserve the complex biological functions of natural cell membranes while possessing physicochemical properties that are needed for efficient drug delivery. T7 is a ligand of transferrin receptors with seven peptides that is able to circumvent the BBB and target to glioma. NGR is a peptide ligand of CD13 that is overexpressed during angiogenesis, representing an excellent glioma-homing property. After encapsulating vinca alkaloid vincristine as the model drug, T7/NGR-RBCSLNs exhibited the most favorable antiglioma effects in vitro and in vivo by combining the dual-targeting delivery effect. The results demonstrate that dual-modified biomimetic nanoparticles provide a potential method to improve drug delivery to the brain, hence increasing glioma therapy efficacy.
ESR Studies of Inorganic Free Radicals in Photolytic Systems (1962)

The spectra of simple photolytically produced free radicals trapped in solid argon at 4.2°K. are described. The spectra of S-state atoms resemble those expected for the free atoms, the major difference being small matrix perturbations in the g factors and in the hyperfine coupling constants. The spectra of polyatomic radicals depend on magnetic field orientation and for radicals rigidly and randomly oriented this results in a spectrum of broad complex lines. Rotation will partly or completely average out this orientation dependence. In general, rotations involving only the motion of protons seem to be virtually unrestricted. Heavier radicals are more restricted. Some can rotate about one axis only; others are rigid at 4.2°K. but have considerable rotational freedom at higher temperatures; still others are rigidly held at all temperatures. In a number of cases analysis of the polycrystalline ESR shapes gave a fairly complete description of the magnetic interactions of the radical.
Effects of fluorides on <i>Candida albicans</i> (2007)

Growth inhibition of AmF / SnF(2) was comparable with that of CHX whereas NaF had a weaker effect. Exposure to the fluorides did not seem to alter the cell surface hydrophobicity nor adherence to BEC.
Haupt‐ und seitenkettenkristallinität bei <i>isotaktischen</i> poly(1‐alkyläthylen)en, 1. Thermoanalytische und röntgenographische untersuchungen an den höheren homologen (1976)

Abstract Die Haupt‐ und Seitenkettenkristallinität bei den isotaktischen Poly(1‐alkyläthylen)en vom Poly(1‐dodecyläthylen) bis zum Poly(1‐eicosyläthylen) wurden thermoanalytisch und röntgenographisch untersucht. Die DSC‐Kurven der aus der Schmelze abgeschreckten Proben zeigen 3 Umwandlungspeaks 1. Ordnung. Bei niedrigen Temperaturen liegt in den Proben eine Modifikation vor, bei der die Seitenketten dicht gepackt parallel angeordnet sind. Erwärmt man die Proben, so findet eine Modifikationsumwandlung statt. Es bildet sich eine Modifikation aus, bei der die Hauptketten Helixkonformation annehmen und die Seitenketten rhombisch kristallisieren. Bei den höheren homologen Poly(1‐alkyläthylen)en überwiegt mit zunehmender Anzahl von CH 2 ‐Gruppen in den Seitenketten die Seitenkettenkristallinität.
Methane as a Resource: Can the Methanotrophs Add Value? (2015)

Methane is an abundant gas used in energy recovery systems, heating, and transport. Methanotrophs are bacteria capable of using methane as their sole carbon source. Although intensively researched, the myriad of potential biotechnological applications of methanotrophic bacteria has not been comprehensively discussed in a single review. Methanotrophs can generate single-cell protein, biopolymers, components for nanotechnology applications (surface layers), soluble metabolites (methanol, formaldehyde, organic acids, and ectoine), lipids (biodiesel and health supplements), growth media, and vitamin B12 using methane as their carbon source. They may be genetically engineered to produce new compounds such as carotenoids or farnesene. Some enzymes (dehydrogenases, oxidase, and catalase) are valuable products with high conversion efficiencies and can generate methanol or sequester CO2 as formic acid ex vivo. Live cultures can be used for bioremediation, chemical transformation (propene to propylene oxide), wastewater denitrification, as components of biosensors, or possibly for directly generating electricity. This review demonstrates the potential for methanotrophs and their consortia to generate value while using methane as a carbon source. While there are notable challenges using a low solubility gas as a carbon source, the massive methane resource, and the potential cost savings while sequestering a greenhouse gas, keeps interest piqued in these unique bacteria.
Blind estimation of time and frequency offset for PCC-OFDM (2002)

This paper presents blind estimation methods for timing and frequency offset in polynomial cancellation coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PCC-OFDM) systems. The estimations are carried out in the frequency domain. The correct timing point is calculated by maximizing a timing metric and the frequency offset estimate is obtained by using pairs of demodulated subcarriers at the fast Fourier transform (FFT) output. No training symbols, pilot tones or cyclic prefix extensions are required. The methods can also be used in OFDM, however a training symbol is required.
<title>Wavelength selection for color holography</title> (1994)

Color holography is typically achieved through the use of three wavelengths during the imaging. However, three-color holography is sufficient only when one has the freedom to select locally the proportions of the primaries during reconstruction. This freedom exists in some, but not all, holographic techniques; we discuss wavelength selection in light of this distinction. For holograms that do not allow for local control of color, such as display holography, the color contributions depend on the surface reflectances in the scene; the monochromatic sources point sample these reflectances. From this sampling, we show that the problem of wavelength selection is equivalent to that of finding efficient approximations to the tristimulus integrals. We conclude that three sources are often insufficient for accurate color reproduction, and we suggest wavelengths for holography with three, four, or more wavelengths. For holograms that do allow for local color control, the color science involved is similar to that of raster displays. Therefore, only three primaries are necessary. However, we describe situations where only two primaries are sufficient. This conclusion follows from the dichromatic theory of color reflection, which postulates that often the reflection of light from a surface contains only two color components.
A survey of power estimation techniques in VLSI circuits (1994)

With the advent of portable and high-density microelectronic devices, the power dissipation of very large scale integrated (VLSI) circuits is becoming a critical concern. Accurate and efficient power estimation during the design phase is required in order to meet the power specifications without a costly redesign process. In this paper, we present a review of the power estimation techniques that have recently been proposed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evaluation of multi-radio extensions to AODV for wireless mesh networks (2006)

Due to their self-configuring and self-healing capabilities, as well as their low equipment and deployment cost, Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) based on commodity hardware present a promising technology for a wide range of applications. Currently, one of key challenges that WMN technology faces is the limited capacity and scalability due to high levels of interference, which is typical for multi-hop wireless networks. A simple and relatively low-cost approach to address this problem that has recently been proposed is the use of multiple wireless network interfaces (radios) per node. Operating the radios on each node on different, non-overlapping channels allows making more efficient use of the radio spectrum and thereby reducing interference and contention. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of the Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol in a Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Network. Our simulation results show that under high traffic load conditions, Multi-Radio AODV (AODV-MR) is able to efficiently utilize the increased spectrum, and proves to be far superior to single radio AODV. We therefore believe that AODV-MR is a promising candidate for multi-radio WMNs.
The relationship between spike rate and synchrony in responses of auditory-nerve fibers to single tones (1980)

Dischargae patterns of single auditory-nerve fibers in the cat responding to single tones were recorded and analyzed. Synchronization of the discharges to the stimulus tone was measured for frequencies below 6-kHz. The synchronized response and the average discharge rate each varied with stimulus level over 20--30-dB ranges. However, these ranges overlapped only a 10-dB range. Under certain conditions the average rate of response varied without accompanying variation in the synchronized response. The physiological implications of these observations are discussed.