gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved hot-electron reliability in high-performance, multilevel-metal CMOS using deuterated barrier-nitride processing (1999)

Deuterated barrier-nitride films and anneals in a deuterium ambient prior to first-metal have been incorporated into a conventional high-performance CMOS process and subjected to subsequent processing through five levels of metal. Device hot-electron stress results confirm that, even though some initial relaxation of the transistor lifetime improvement is observed with further hot processing, significant lifetime improvement can be achieved through full wafer processing through five levels of metal. The barrier-nitride acts as a reservoir for deuterium, maintaining high concentrations in the device regions through further processing. These results support the efficacy of using a deuterium reservoir to achieve a hot-electron hardened transistor.
Athletics: Leadership or Management? (1975)

(1975). Athletics: Leadership or Management? Journal of Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 21-22.
Products of Anaerobic 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Transformation by Clostridium bifermentans (1996)

Experiments to elucidate the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-transforming activity of Clostridium bifermentans LJP-1 identified reductive TNT transformations that ultimately produced as end products triaminotoluene (TAT) and phenolic products of TAT hydrolysis. An adduct of TAT, apparently formed by condensation of TAT and pyruvic aldehyde (methyl glyoxal), was also detected.
Flux Balance Analysis: Interrogating Genome-Scale Metabolic Networks (2009)

Flux balance analysis (FBA) is a computational method to analyze reconstructions of biochemical networks. FBA requires the formulation of a biochemical network in a precise mathematical framework called a stoichiometric matrix. An objective function is defined (e.g., growth rate) toward which the system is assumed to be optimized. In this chapter, we present the methodology, theory, and common pitfalls of the application of FBA.
Bayesian Programming (2013)

Probability as an Alternative to Boolean LogicWhile logic is the mathematical foundation of rational reasoning and the fundamental principle of computing, it is restricted to problems where information is both complete and certain. However, many real-world problems, from financial investments to email filtering, are incomplete or uncertain in natur
A study of automatic translation of MATLAB code to C code using software from the MathWorks (2009)

An evaluation of code generation products from the MathWorks was made to see if they could benefit Autoliv Electronics. Autoliv Electronics wants to generate C code from the MATLAB language instead of having to do a manual translation which was both time-consuming and error-prone. The conclusion was that in some situations these products would contribute to the algorithm development process while in others they would not. One situation where automatic code generation did contribute to the development process was when generating reference floating-point C code. The generated reference code would serve as a functionality reference when writing the optimized C code for the hardware. However, the option of generating fixed-point C code from a fixed-point MATLAB implementation was not considered to contribute to the algorithm development process. A more extensive testing could reveal more situations where automatic MATLAB to C generation would be beneficial.
Synthesis of 3-arylecgonine analogs as inhibitors of cocaine binding and dopamine uptake (1990)

3-Arylecgonine analogues were synthesized and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, IR, and MS. The compounds were synthesized as racemates from cycloheptatriene-7-carboxylic acid or enantiomerically from (-)-cocaine. These analogues were tested for their ability to inhibit [3H]cocaine binding to bovine striatal tissue and to inhibit [3H]dopamine uptake into striatal synaptosomes. Methyl (1RS-2-exo-3-exo)-8-methyl-3-phenyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2-ca rboxylate was the most potent analogue. IC50 values for inhibition of cocaine binding and dopamine uptake were 20 and 100 nM, respectively. The racemates and the 1R isomers were equally potent inhibitors of binding and uptake. Methyl (1RS-2-endo-3-exo)-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2 .1]octane- 2-carboxylate was the least potent. IC50 for inhibition of both binding and uptake was 40 microM.
Linkage of the Gene for an Autosomal Dominant Form of Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis to Chromosome 9q34 (1998)

We performed genetic mapping studies of an 11-generation pedigree with an autosomal dominant, juvenile-onset motor-systems disease. The disorder is characterized by slow progression, distal limb amyotrophy, and pyramidal tract signs associated with severe loss of motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. The gene for this disorder, classified as a form of juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is designated "ALS4." We performed a genomewide search and detected strong evidence for linkage of the ALS4 locus to markers from chromosome 9q34. The highest LOD score (Z) was obtained with D9S1847 (Z=18.8, recombination fraction of .00). An analysis of recombinant events identified D9S1831 and D9S164 as flanking markers, on chromosome 9q34, that define an approximately 5-cM interval that harbors the ALS4 gene. These results extend the degree of heterogeneity within familial ALS syndromes, and they implicate a gene on chromosome 9q34 as critical for motor-neuron function.
Axial-Flux PM Machines With Variable Air Gap (2013)

Laminated soft magnetic steel is very often used to manufacture the stator cores of axial-flux PM machines. However, as the magnetic flux typically has main components parallel to the lamination plane, different magnetic flux density levels may occur over the radial direction: High flux densities near the saturation level are found at the inner radius, while the laminations at the outer radius are used inefficiently. To obtain a leveled magnetic flux density, this paper introduces a radially varying air gap: At the inner radius, the air gap is increased, while at the outer radius, the air gap remains unchanged. This results in equal flux densities in the different lamination layers. As the total flux in the stator cores is decreased due to the variable air gap, the permanent-magnet thickness should be increased to compensate for this. The effect of a variable air gap is tested for both a low-grade non-oriented and a high-grade grain-oriented material. For both materials, the redistribution of the magnetic flux due to the variable air gap results in a significant decrease of the iron losses. In the presented prototype machine, the iron losses are reduced up to 8% by introducing a variable air gap. Finally, a prototype machine is constructed using an efficient manufacturing procedure to construct the laminated magnetic stator cores with variable air gap.
Wave-front phase measurements of high-order harmonic beams by use of point-diffraction interferometry (2003)

We report the wave-front phase measurement of high-order harmonics employing point-diffraction interferometry. The high-order harmonics generated in a gas-filled hollow tube showed excellent spatial coherence over nearly the whole cross section of the harmonic beams. Using this coherent harmonic source in the extreme-ultraviolet-soft-x-ray region, we have demonstrated the operation of a point-diffraction interferometer and measured the wave-front phase of high-order harmonics.
Real-time particle systems on the GPU in dynamic environments (2007)

Article Share on Real-time particle systems on the GPU in dynamic environments Author: Shannon Drone Microsoft Corporation Microsoft CorporationView Profile Authors Info & Claims SIGGRAPH '07: ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 coursesAugust 2007 Pages 80–96https://doi.org/10.1145/1281500.1281670Online:05 August 2007Publication History 12citation151DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads151Last 12 Months27Last 6 weeks3 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Diffusion of the Interspecies Electron Carriers H <sub>2</sub> and Formate in Methanogenic Ecosystems and Its Implications in the Measurement of <i>K</i> <sub> <i>m</i> </sub> for H <sub>2</sub> or Formate Uptake (1989)

We calculated the potential H(2) and formate diffusion between microbes and found that at H(2) concentrations commonly found in nature, H(2) could not diffuse rapidly enough to dispersed methanogenic cells to account for the rate of methane synthesis but formate could. Our calculations were based on individual organisms dispersed in the medium, as supported by microscopic observations of butyrate-degrading cocultures. We isolated an axenic culture of Syntrophomonas wolfei and cultivated it on butyrate in syntrophic coculture with Methanobacterium formicicum; during growth the H(2) concentration was 63 nM (10.6 Pa). S. wolfei contained formate dehydrogenase activity (as does M. formicicum), which would allow interspecies formate transfer in that coculture. Thus, interspecies formate transfer may be the predominant mechanism of syntrophy. Our diffusion calculations also indicated that H(2) concentration at the cell surface of H(2)-consuming organisms was low but increased to approximately the bulk-fluid concentration at a distance of about 10 mum from the surface. Thus, routine estimation of kinetic parameters would greatly overestimate the K(m) for H(2) or formate.
Time‐lapse monitoring of rock properties with coda wave interferometry (2006)

The coda of seismic waves consists of that part of the signal after the directly arriving phases. In a finite medium, or in one that is strongly heterogeneous, the coda is dominated by waves which have repeatedly sampled the medium. Small changes in a medium which may have no detectable influence on the first arrivals are amplified by this repeated sampling and may thus be detectable in the coda. We refer to this use of multiple‐sampling coda waveforms as coda wave interferometry. We have exploited ultrasonic coda waves to monitor time‐varying rock properties in a laboratory environment. We have studied the dependence of velocity on uniaxial stress in Berea sandstone, the temperature dependence of velocity in granite and in aluminum, and the change in velocity due to an increase of water saturation in sandstone. There are many other possible applications of coda wave interferometry in geophysics, including dam and volcano monitoring, time‐lapse reservoir characterization, earthquake relocation, and stress monitoring in mining and rock physics.
Bidirectional Optical Amplification in Long-Distance Two-Way Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Transfer Systems (2012)

In this paper, the transmission of the time and/or frequency signals (e.g., 1 pulse per second and 10 MHz) coded on the optical carrier by means of an on–off intensity modulation in the two-way fiber-optic link is considered. It is assumed that the bidirectional optical amplification in the single piece of an erbium-doped fiber is exploited to compensate the attenuation of the optical path. Such configuration of the amplifiers, offering the highest possible symmetry of the propagation conditions in both directions, is well suited for the two-way transfer method exploiting the symmetry of the link. We proposed the method of estimating interfering signals and jitter, which appear at both sides of such bidirectional fiber link because of Rayleigh backscattering and amplified spontaneous emission. This method is further exploited for finding the gains of bidirectional amplifiers, allowing optimization of the performance of the link. The experiments done with 120- and 220-km-long links, incorporating one and three amplifiers, respectively, confirmed theoretical predictions and proved that the single-path bidirectional amplifiers without any components separating the directions are useful for time or RF frequency transfer. During the experiments, both field-deployed telecommunication cables and the fibers spooled in the laboratory were used. Presented methods of analysis and optimization are useful for designing and evaluating the fiber-optic links incorporating single-path bidirectional fiber-optic amplifiers and exploiting intensity modulation for time and/or frequency transfer.
Using personas for supporting user modeling on scheduling systems (2014)

User modeling and user adaptive interaction has become a central research issue to understand users as they interact with technology. The importance of the development of well adapted interfaces to several kinds of users and the differences that characterize them is the basis of the successful interaction. User Personas is a technique that allows the discovery and definition of the archetype users of a system. With that knowledge, the system should shape itself, inferring the user expertise to provide its users with the best possible experience. In this paper, an architecture that combines User Personas and a dynamic, evolving system is proposed, along with an evaluation by its target users. The proposed system is able to infer the user and its matching Persona, and keeps shaping itself in parallel with the user's discovery of the system.
Sarcasm Detection of Online Comments Using Emotion Detection (2018)

Sarcasm is a sophisticated form of sentiment expression where speaker express their opinions opposite of what they mean. Sarcasm detection and Emotion detection from social net-working sites has been a great field of study. With the growth of e-services such as e-commerce, e-tourism and e-business, the companies are very keen on exploiting emotion and sarcasm analysis for their marketing strategies in order to evaluate the public attitudes towards their brand. Thus efficient emotion and sarcasm modeling system can be a good solution to the above problem. This work aims at developing a system that groups posts based on emotions, sentiment and find sarcastic posts, if present. The proposed system is to develop a prototype that help to come to an inference about the emotions of the posts namely anger, surprise, happy, fear, sorrow, trust, anticipation and disgust with three sentic levels in each. This helps in better understanding of the posts when compared to the approaches which senses the polarity of the posts and gives just their sentiments i.e., positive, negative or neutral. The posts handling these emotions might be sarcastic too. The Sentiment & emotion identification module identifies the sentiment or emotion of the post by evaluating score of each word in the comment which is used by different sarcasm detection methods to detect sarcasm. The emotion identification module uses the lexical databases WordNet, SentiWordNet to find the right sentiment scores for the words with respect to each emotion. It also uses Sarcasm detection algorithms like Emoticon sarcasm detection, Hybrid sarcasm detection, Hashtag Processing, Interjection Word Start (IWT).
ChemInform Abstract: Agents Acting on CNS. Part 34. 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7‐Octahydropyrazino(1,2‐a)‐1‐benzazepines. (1987)

Abstract Since compounds of type (I) possess remarkable antidepressant and hypotensive activity, homologues of type (VIb), obtained from (VIa) by essentially known methods, and (VIII) are synthesized (in part no yield given).
Design and performance analysis of a digital acoustic telemetry system (1987)

Thesis (Sc. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1987.
Studies on the sulphonation of anthracene. Part 2. Sulphonation in acetic acid and related solvents (1976)

The sulphonation of anthracene with either sulphuric acid and acetyl chloride or chlorosulphuric acid and acetic acid gives anthracene-1- and -2-sulphonic acids, a mixture of anthracenedisulphonic acids, and smaller amounts of 9-chloroanthracene and its monosulphonic acids. The proportion of the 2-sulphonic acid and the disulphonic acids formed increases with increasing temperature. A related reaction with sulphuric acid and acetic anhydride gives the 1-, 2-, and 9-sulphonic acids along with a mixture of disulphonic acids. The nature of the sulphonating reagents involved in these reactions has been examined by 1H n.m.r. spectroscopy.
EPR automatic frequency control circuit with field effect transistor (FET) microwave amplification (1988)

An electron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) reference-arm microwave bridge is described that incorporates a FET microwave amplifier and a balanced quadrature mixer. An automatic frequency control (AFC) circuit is described that employs 70-kHz frequency modulation of the oscillator. AFC feedback is based on formation of the sum of squares of the I and Q outputs of the mixer using analog devices. The resulting AFC circuit is independent of the phase angle α of the reference-arm microwave voltage with respect to the signal-arm microwave voltage at the mixer. An L-band bridge is described that incorporates the circuit. Good AFC lock was obtained from 1 μW to 100 mW of incident power independent of α using a loop-gap resonator of Q=500.
Dimensions-Reduced Volterra Digital Pre-Distortion Based On Orthogonal Basis for Band-Limited Nonlinear Opto-Electronic Components (2019)

Optical communication systems often include nonlinear components, such as Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZMs). The components' nonlinearity may have a deleterious effect on the system performance, especially when the memory effect is included. One of the most common methods to mitigate the resultant distortion effects is digital predistortion (DPD) based on the Volterra polynomial model. Typically, the DPD coefficients are extracted using the least squares approach. However, naive implementation of the Volterra polynomial model usually introduces significant complexity due to the large number of model coefficients. Here, we propose the use of orthogonal polynomial basis functions for efficient DPD implementation. The orthogonal basis enables the estimation of each coefficient separately, which provides a significant computational gain. Furthermore, the amount of dominant terms in the orthogonal basis representation is significantly lower, which leads to dramatic relaxation in the DPD implementation. In addition to the analytical modeling approach, a nonparametric method is developed by applying eigenvalue decomposition on the correlation matrix, which is required for the case of dependent random variables, or for the case of unknown probability distribution functions. MZM-based lab experiments and simulations were performed, which indicated a potential saving of 50%-80% in the amount of useful dimensions.
Mobile element insertions causing mutations in the Drosophila suppressor of sable locus occur in DNase I hypersensitive subregions of 5'-transcribed nontranslated sequences. (1990)

The locations of 16 mobile element insertions causing mutations at the Drosophila suppressor of sable [su(s)] locus were determined by restriction mapping and DNA sequencing of the junction sites. The transposons causing the mutations are: P element (5 alleles), gypsy (3 alleles), 17.6, HMS Beagle, springer, Delta 88, prygun, Stalker, and a new mobile element which was named roamer (2 alleles). Four P element insertions occur in 5' nontranslated leader sequences, while the fifth P element and all 11 non-P elements inserted into the 2053 nucleotide, 5'-most intron that is spliced from the 5' nontranslated leader approximately 100 nucleotides upstream of the translation start. Fifteen of the 16 mobile elements inserted within a approximately 1900 nucleotide region that contains seven 100-200-nucleotide long DNase I-hypersensitive subregions that alternate with DNase I-resistant intervals of similar lengths. The locations of these 15 insertion sites correlate well with the roughly estimated locations of five of the DNase I-hypersensitive subregions. These findings suggest that the features of chromatin structure that accompany gene activation may also make the DNA susceptible to insertion of mobile elements.
Maternal Antibodies to gp120 V3 Sequence Do Not Correlate with Protection against Vertical Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (1992)

A retrospective study of sera from mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) was undertaken to investigate whether the titers or affinities of antibodies against the third hypervariable region (V3 loop) of gp120 correlated with transmission of the virus from mother to child. The cohort comprised 7 mothers who transmitted HIV-1 to their children and 20 who did not. Sera were screened for reactivity against two synthetic peptides, one encompassing the entire V3 loop of gp120 (amino acids 297-330) and the other containing an immunodominant epitope from gp41 (amino acids 596-614). Doubling dilutions of sera were tested to obtain antibody titers against both peptides: Anti-gp41 titers were used to normalize the anti-V3 titers. Maternal sera were also screened for the presence of high-affinity antibodies against the V3 peptide. No differences were observed in either titers or affinities of maternal antibodies to the V3 sequence from transmitters and nontransmitters.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Chiral Synthesis of Wieland—Miescher Ketone Catalyzed by a Combination of (S)‐N‐Benzyl‐N‐(2‐pyrrolidinylmethyl)amine Derivative and Broensted Acid. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Association Between Phonocardiographic Third and Fourth Heart Sounds and Objective Measures of Left Ventricular Function (2005)

Neither the phonocardiographic S3 nor the S4 is a sensitive marker of left ventricular dysfunction. The phonocardiographic S3 is specific for left ventricular dysfunction and appears to be superior to the moderate specificity of the phonocardiographic S4.
Neuropsychological and Pet Study of Depersonalization and Derealization: A Single Case Report. (2021)

The present work depicts the case of a young man suffering from a depersonalization and derealization (DD) disorder, which mainly affects his own body. When the symptoms concern something else, they almost exclusively affect living beings. Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric studies, as well as functional neuroanatomy studies, have led to hypothesize possible relationships among cognitive-neurofunctional alterations and symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. The present study suggests that a malfunction of the left frontal and prefrontal cortex causes deficits of working memory, producing some of the symptoms of DD.