gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Homopolymers and Random Copolymers of 5,6-Benzo-2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane and Methyl Methacrylate:  Structural Characterization Using 1D and 2D NMR (2003)

Complete structural characterization of 5,6-benzo-2-methylene-1,3-dioxepane (BMDO) monomer and its homopolymer is carried out using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Copolymers of BMDO were made with MMA under ATRP reaction conditions. The copolymer compositions were obtained from 1H NMR spectroscopy. The reactivity ratios for the copolymerization of BMDO with MMA were determined using the Kelen−Tüdõs method and was found to be rBMDO = 0.53 and rMMA = 1.96. Compositional and configurational sequence analysis of copolymers is also done.
Selective Oxidation of Alkanes with Molecular Oxygen and Acetaldehyde in Compressed (Supercritical) Carbon Dioxide as Reaction Medium (2006)

The oxidation of cycloalkanes or alkylarenes with molecular oxygen and acetaldehyde as sacrificial co-reductant occurs efficiently in compressed (supercritical) carbon dioxide (scCO2) under mild multiphase conditions. No catalyst is required and high-pressure ATR-FTIR online measurements show that a radical reaction pathway is heterogeneously initiated by the stainless steel of the reactor walls. For secondary carbon atoms, high ketone to alcohol ratios are observed (3.5-7.9), most probably due to fast consecutive oxidation of alcoholic intermediates. Since C--C scission reactions are detected only to a very small extent, tertiary carbon atoms are transformed into the corresponding alcohols with high selectivity. Detailed analysis of the product distributions and other mechanistic evidence suggest that acetaldehyde acts not only as the sacrificial oxygen acceptor, but also as an efficient H-atom donor for peroxo and oxo radicals and as a crucial reductant for hydroperoxo intermediates. In comparison to other inert gases such as compressed N2 or Ar, the use of carbon dioxide was shown to increase the yields of alkane oxygenates under identical reaction conditions.
Varicose Veins and Telangiectasias (1995)

FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Physiologic Observations on Causes of Varicose Veins. Anatomic Observations on the Cuases of Varicose Veins. Pathogenesis of Varicose Veins and Chronic Venous Insufficiency. Common Anatomic Patterns of Varicose Veins DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION Laboratory Evaluation of Varicose Veins. Pretreatment Testing of Patients with Varicose Veins and Telangiectatic Blemishes TREATMENT OPTIONS Compression Therapy. Historical Development of Varicose Vein Surgery. Treatment of Varicosities of Saphenous Origin : Comparison of Ligation, Selective Excision, And Sclerotherapy. Treatment of Varicosities of Saphenous Origin: A Dialogue. Treatment of Varicose Veins By Sclerotherapy : An Overview. Compression Sclerotherapy for Large Varicose Veins and Perforator Veins : A Personal Technique. Role of Sclerotherapy in Greater Saphenous Vein Incompotence. Adverse Sequelae of Sclerotherapy Treatment of Varicose and Telangiectatic Leg Veins. Complications of Sclerotherapy Treatment of Varicose and Telangiectatic Leg Veins COMPLEX PROBLEMS INVOLVING VARICOSE VEINS Treatment of Varicose Veins Associated with Congenital Vascular Malformations. Varicose Veins and Venous Ulceration : Rationale for Conservative Treatment. Pelvic and Vulvar Varices : Pelvic Congestion Syndrome TELANGIECTATIC LEG VEINS Treatment of Telangiectasias. Painful Telangiectasias : Diagnosis and Treatment. Techniques of Small Vessel Sclerotherapy
Catalytic Applications of Metal Nanoparticles in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids (2006)

Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) with a small diameter and narrow size distribution can be prepared by H(2) reduction of metal compounds or decomposition of organometallic species dissolved in ionic liquids (ILs). MNPs dispersed in ILs are catalysts for reactions under multiphase conditions. These soluble MNPs possess a pronounced surfacelike rather than single-site like catalytic properties. In other cases the MNPs are not stable and tend to aggregate or serve as reservoirs of mononuclear catalytically active species.
Cloning and Characterization of the NADPH Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase Gene from the Filamentous Fungus <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (1995)

In this paper, we describe the cloning and molecular characterization of the Aspergillus niger cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) gene, cprA. Attempts to clone the cprA gene by heterologous hybridization techniques were unsuccessful. Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with degenerate primers based on conserved regions found in cpr genes from other organisms, we were able to isolate a fragment that contained part of the gene. With the aid of this fragment, a genomic fragment containing the entire coding region and 5' and 3' untranslated ends of the cprA gene was isolated and sequenced. The cprA gene was introduced in multiple copies in A. niger strain N402 using the amdS transformation system. One of the resulting transformants, AB2-2, showed a 14-fold increase in CPR activity, indicating that the cloned cprA gene is functional. We analyzed the induction of cprA gene expression by several generally used cytochrome P450 inducers but did not find any induction of cprA gene expression. However, A. niger cprA gene expression could be induced by benzoic acid, which is the substrate of the highly inducible A. niger cytochrome P450 gene, bphA (cyp53). On the basis of a comparison of the deduced protein sequence of the A. niger cprA gene with CPR proteins isolated from other organisms, the structure-function relationship of some conserved regions is discussed.
GIS BASED TRANSIT INFORMATION BOLSTERS TRAVEL OPTIONS (1995)

This article describes the advantages to a geographically based transit advanced traveler information system (TATIS) which uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS). A GIS with a TATIS combines the abilities to spatially locate transportation routes, bus-stops and origin/destination addresses with attribute information. Additionally, a GIS can model transportation relationships with its database design, spatial analysis capabilities, path-finding or network analysis and dynamic segmentation.
Neural networks for crop/weed discrimination in different cabbage trials (2002)

Crop/weed/soil discrimination using optical reflectance from cabbage fields is feasible. An intelligent crop/weed/soil classifier algorithm capable of identifying different spectral samples into three groups: crop, weed and soil was developed and could be used by an automatic spot spraying machine to optimize herbicide application in the field. The best discriminant wavelengths for a cabbage crop showed high crop/weed/soil discrimination accuracies although reflectance differences caused by crop varieties and weed species incidence were present. The selected wavelengths obtained from discriminant analyses were fed to the neural network classifier. The classifier was able to indicate with high success rates whether the sample was a crop, a weed or soil. Neural network performance for crop/weed/soil discrimination showed better results than traditional discriminant analysis providing an unique algorithm capable of discriminating crops from weeds for six different trials non-dependant on cabbage variety (savoy, spring or autumn), growth stage and weed species population.
Facilitation of e-Meetings: State-of-the-Art Review (2005)

The importance of facilitation in face to face meetings is now well understood and there is an increasing recognition that facilitation is also needed in electronic meetings. Information and communication technology (ICT) support for meetings is becoming increasingly sophisticated and yet support for facilitation lags behind. The aim of this paper is to provide some understanding of the role of the facilitator in e-meetings and to review state of the art in ICT support for the role. The review is structured around six possible alternatives for allocating tasks to the human facilitator and to the ICT system. The key assumption is that the purpose of providing ICT support for facilitation is to improve productivity and increase the effectiveness of e-meetings. With this assumption in mind a number of areas for future research work are identified.
Metal‐free and Scalable Synthesis of Porous Hyper‐cross‐linked Polymers: Towards Applications in Liquid‐Phase Adsorption (2015)

A metal-free route for the synthesis of hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCP) based on Brønsted acids such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as well as H2 SO4 is reported. It is an improved method compared to conventional synthesis strategies that use stoichiometric amounts of metal-based Lewis acids such as FeCl3 . The resulting high-performance adsorbents exhibit a permanent porosity with high specific surface areas up to 1842 m(2) g(-1) . Easy scalability of the HCP synthesis is proven on the multi-gram scale. All chemo-physical properties are preserved. Water-vapor adsorption shows that the resulting materials exhibit an even more pronounced hydrophobicity compared to the conventionally prepared materials. The reduced surface polarity enhances the selectivity in the liquid-phase adsorption of the biogenic platform chemical 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
Dynamic parameter controlled orthogonal frequency and time division multiple access (2005)

We propose a new generation mobile communication system that can realize 100 Mbps carrier bit rate under high mobility environment and can access the IP network easily. The new system is based on dynamic parameter controlled orthogonal frequency and time division multiple access (DPC-OF/TDMA) in which users share "slots" that use a certain number of subcarriers and a certain number of OFDM symbols. To access the slots, mobile stations use a packet-reservation-based protocol: packet reservation dynamic time-slotted multiple access (PR-DSMA). In addition, to avoid cochannel interference from adjacent cells and increase frequency utilization efficiency, we use an adaptive modulation scheme that is based on an interference detection algorithm. We mention the concept and the basic transmission performance of the proposed system.
Utility grid impact with high penetration PV micro-inverters operating under burst mode using simplified simulation model (2011)

Photovoltaic (PV) micro-inverter operating under burst mode tends to improve efficiency figure under light load conditions but on the other hand, it also creates power quality impact to the utility grid. In this paper, the burst mode operation has been tested extensively, and the results are used as the basis of study for high penetration PV in a large-scale system. In order to study the impact of burst mode in different penetration levels, small number of PV micro-inverters were tested, and the simplified models were established by matching the experimental and simulating results. The models were then applied to a large-scale power system for high-penetration PV study. The results indicate potential voltage flicker under high penetration levels, especially when PV is the main energy source in a micro grid.
Autogenous onlay bone grafts vs. alveolar distraction osteogenesis for the correction of vertically deficient edentulous ridges: a 2–4‐year prospective study on humans (2007)

The results suggested that: (a) both techniques may effectively improve the deficit of vertically resorbed edentulous ridges; (b) survival and success rates of implants placed in the reconstructed/distracted areas are consistent with those of implants placed in native bone.
Optimization of phase modulation with arbitrary waveform generators for optical spectral control and suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering (2015)

We investigate the use of an arbitrary waveform generator to phase-modulate a laser source and externally broaden its linewidth. Through nonlinear optimization in a computer, we find modulation signals that produce top-hat-shaped optical spectra of discrete lines with highest total power within a limited bandwidth and limited peak spectral power density. The required modulation bandwidth is comparable to the targeted optical bandwidth. Such spectra are attractive for suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fiber. Experimentally, we generate 15 lines in a 0.5 GHz optical linewidth. However, the method can also be used to generate other optical spectra.
The Role Of The User In The Map Communication Process: Eye Noise And Map Design (1971)

This paper discusses first the eye noise effect of line contrast in map design, and then the effect of line contrast on the direct picture of terrain surface as produced by shaded relief. Map reading is described in its two major steps: the enrichment of the brain image from scanning the map sheet, and the construction of map reading patterns. An experimental topographic map with accompanying psychophysical scales to study eye noise effect is proposed. Le présent mémoire traite d'abord de l'effet d'attraction visuelle des contrastes linéaires des cartes géographiques, puis de l'effet de ce contraste sur l'image directe de la surface du terrain produite par le relief ombre. L'auteur décrit les deux étapes principales de la lecture d'une carte: enrichissement de l'image produite dans le cerveau par la lecture de la carte et développement du système de lecture. Il propose une carte expérimentale accompagnée d'un barème psychophysique qui permettrait d'étudier l'effet d'attraction visuelle.
T Cell Activity Correlates with Oligomeric Peptide-Major Histocompatibility Complex Binding on T Cell Surface (2001)

Recognition of virally infected cells by CD8+ T cells requires differentiation between self and nonself peptide-class I major histocompatibility complexes (pMHC). Recognition of foreign pMHC by host T cells is a major factor in the rejection of transplanted organs from the same species (allotransplant) or different species (xenotransplant). AHIII12.2 is a murine T cell clone that recognizes the xenogeneic (human) class I MHC HLA-A2.1 molecule (A2) and the syngeneic murine class I MHC H-2 D(b) molecule (D(b)). Recognition of both A2 and D(b) are peptide-dependent, and the sequences of the peptides recognized have been determined. Alterations in the antigenic peptides bound to A2 cause large changes in AHIII12.2 T cell responsiveness. Crystal structures of three representative peptides (agonist, null, and antagonist) bound to A2 partially explain the changes in AHIII12.2 responsiveness. Using class I pMHC octamers, a strong correlation is seen between T cell activity and the affinity of pMHC complexes for the T cell receptor. However, contrary to previous studies, we see similar half-lives for the pMHC multimers bound to the AHIII12.2 cell surface.
Invasive or allergic fungal sinusitis? (1994)

With regard to the article by Ismail et al,<sup>1</sup>I was the otolaryngologist who performed four of the five operative procedures. Having treated several patients with allergic fungal sinusitis secondary to dematiaceous fungi, I am quite confident that this also represented a case of allergic fungal sinusitis. IgE-modified RAST (radioallergosorbent test) for dematiaceous fungi and specifically<i>Curvularia lunata</i>unfortunately was not performed. However, the total serum IgE level was elevated, and allergic mucin with marked eosinophilia was also present in addition to extensive nasal polyposis.<sup>2</sup> The initial surgical procedure was a transseptal sphenoidotomy that disclosed a thick green or brown paste material within the expanded sphenoid cavity. There was bone erosion secondary to mass effect; however, no true invasion was evidenced by either intravascular fungal spread or extensive granulation tissue formation. There was no true intracranial extension or cerebrospinal fluid leak (Figure 1, right, was a computed tomographic
O TOM E O TRAÇO: APONTAMENTOS HISTORIOGRÁFICOS SOBRE A IMPRENSA NO BRASIL E EM MINAS GERAIS NA PRIMEIRA METADE DO SÉCULO XIX (2015)

Durante tempos a imprensa periódica foi vista por certa reserva pela História. Acreditava-se ser o resultado dos interesses de elites em promover um discurso dominante. Nas últimas décadas, a imprensa passou a ser lida como instrumento político e cultural veiculado por vários grupos interessados no debate público, sendo cotejada tanto como fonte, quanto como objeto de estudo. O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar uma discussão historiográfica sobre os autores clássicos que se debruçaram sobre as primeiras análises acerca do alvorecer da imprensa no Brasil e na província de Minas Gerais, ao longo da primeira metade do século XIX e analisar os principais trabalhos que contemplam a imprensa mineira, sobre o mesmo período nos últimos anos.
Efficiency of reinitiation of translation on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNAs is determined by the length of the upstream open reading frame and by intercistronic distance (1995)

In this study, we examined the mechanism of translation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 tat mRNA in eucaryotic cells. This mRNA contains the tat open reading frame (ORF), followed by rev and nef ORFs, but only the first ORF, encoding tat, is efficiently translated. Introduction of premature stop codons in the tat ORF resulted in efficient translation of the downstream rev ORF. We show that the degree of inhibition of translation of rev is proportional to the length of the upstream tat ORF. An upstream ORF spanning 84 nucleotides was predicted to inhibit 50% of the ribosomes from initiating translation at downstream AUGs. Interestingly, the distance between the upstream ORF and the start codon of the second ORF also played a role in efficiency of downstream translation initiation. It remains to be investigated if these conclusions relate to translation of mRNAs other than human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNAs. The strong inhibition of rev translation exerted by the presence of the tat ORF may reflect the different roles of Tat and Rev in the viral life cycle. Tat acts early to induce high production of all viral mRNAs. Rev induces a switch from the early to the late phase of the viral life cycle, resulting in production of viral structural proteins and virions. Premature Rev production may result in entrance into the late phase in the presence of suboptimal levels of viral mRNAs coding for structural proteins, resulting in inefficient virus production.
Parylene-based electrochemical-MEMS force sensor array for assessing neural probe insertion mechanics (2012)

We present the first use of a Parylene-based electrochemical-MEMS (EC-MEMS) sensor array for instrumentation of ceramic-based neural electrode probes. The sensor array consists of a liquid-filled Parylene-based microchannel and an array of enclosed electrodes that monitor local variations in impedance during mechanical deformation of the channel. The array provides real time measurement of out-of-plane interfacial forces produced directly on the electrode shank surface (<;5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) during insertion of the probe. We demonstrate the ability to examine the relative force distribution of interfacial forces produced on the shank surface during insertion, thereby providing a clearer understanding of probe insertion mechanics. Our approach enables, for the first time, robust mechanical instrumentation of electrode shanks providing a means for assessing the poorly understood interfacial mechanics between neural probes and tissue.
STATIONARY PHASES (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSTATIONARY PHASESBenny S. Welinder, Troels Kornfelt, and Hans H. SørensenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 1, 39A–43APublication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online4 June 2012Published inissue 1 January 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00097a721https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00097a721research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Leukotoxin, 9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoate causes pulmonary vasodilation in rats (1995)

Leukotoxin (Lx), a cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolite of linoleate synthesized by neutrophils or synthesized by OH- and linoleate in neutrophil cell membranes, has been recovered in lung lavages of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome. We studied the direct vasoactive effects of Lx and linoleate, its parent compound, in the rat pulmonary circulation. In isolated rat lungs perfused at constant flow with a physiological salt solution, Lx (but not linoleate) caused a biphasic response, an initial transient vasoconstriction followed by a more prolonged vasodilation. The latter response was only evident when the pulmonary vascular tone was increased with either alveolar hypoxia (0% O2) or KCl (20 mM). The pressor response to angiotensin II was also attenuated in the presence of Lx. The vasodilatory response in perfused lungs was attenuated by methylene blue (2 x 10(-5) M), a putative inhibitor of the soluble guanylate cyclase but not by pretreatment with meclofenamate (10(-5) M), a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. In isolated pulmonary arterial (PA) rings preconstricted either with phenylephrine (5 x 10(-9) M), endothelin-1 (10(-8) M), or KCl (30 mM), Lx (but not linoleate) caused dose-dependent relaxation. The relaxing effect of Lx on endothelium-intact rings was attenuated by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine or methylene blue. The magnitude of the hypoxic contraction of PA rings was attenuated in the presence of Lx. Whereas the mechanism of Lx-induced vasoconstriction is not clear, we conclude that Lx causes vasodilation in rat lungs and that the vasodilatory component is to a large degree endothelium-derived relaxing factor-dependent.
H/sub 2//O/sub 2/ plasma on polysilicon thin-film transistor (1993)

It is reported for that H/sub 2/ plasma followed by O/sub 2/ plasma is more effective for passivating grain boundary states in polysilicon thin film. Polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) made after H/sub 2//O/sub 2/ plasma treatment can exhibit a turn-on threshold voltage of -0.1 V, a subthreshold swing of 0.154 V/decade, an ON/OFF current ratio I/sub on//I/sub off/ over 1*10/sup 8/, and an electron mobility of 40.2 cm/sup 2//V-s.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of Saponin Constituents in Soybeans of Various Origins and Quantitative Analysis of Soyasaponins by Gas-Liquid Chromatography (1984)

The saponin constituents in various kinds of soybeans : cultivated in several Prefectures in Japan, imported from U. S. A., Canada, and China, and black soybean cultivated in Hyogo Prefecture in Japan, have been investigated and soyasaponins I (1), II (2), III (3), A1 (4), and A2 (5) have been characterized from all kinds of soybeans. It has been found that soyasapoins in imported soybeans and black soybean are more or less acetylated and this makes the thin-layer chromatograms of soyasaponins from these soybeans rather complicated. In order to clarify the soyasaponin contents in various kinds of soybeans and soybean products, the quantitative analysis method for soyasaponins has been developed by means of gas-liquid chromatography.