gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
IL-4 synthesis by in vivo primed keyhole limpet hemocyanin-specific CD4+ T cells. I. Influence of antigen concentration and antigen-presenting cell type (1992)

The development of IL-4 synthesis is a critical step in the regulation of immune responses. Our studies focused on the production of IL-4 by CD4+ T cells taken from mice primed with the Ag keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). In vitro stimulation of such CD4+ T cells with KLH resulted in little or no IL-4 production in the first 24 h of stimulation, indicating that little IL-4 synthesis persists in vivo after immunization. However, IL-4 was generated later at 24 to 96 h of in vitro stimulation, indicating that the potential to produce IL-4 was retained by the KLH-primed CD4+ T cells, but that in vitro maturation of the T cells was required before initiation of IL-4 production. The amount of IL-4 produced in vitro by KLH-primed T cells from BALB/c mice was influenced by several factors. First, stimulation of KLH-primed CD4+ T cells with higher in vitro concentrations of KLH resulted in more IL-4 synthesis, but this was accompanied by more IFN-gamma as well. Second, primed CD4+ T cells from lymph nodes (axillary and popliteal) produced significantly more IL-4 than primed splenic T cells. Third, when primed B cells were utilized to present low concentrations of KLH to the T cells, IL-4 but not IFN-gamma was produced. In contrast, use of splenic adherent cells resulted in IFN-gamma but not IL-4 synthesis. These restricted patterns of lymphokine synthesis, however, were observed only with low concentrations of KLH. Fourth, the amount of IL-4 produced and its regulation by the presence of IFN-gamma differed among mouse strains, in that BALB/c T cells produced much more IL-4 than H-2 identical DBA/2 T cells. Our results characterizing the APC and Ag dose requirements for IL-4 synthesis in KLH-primed T cells from different strains of mice are consistent with previous observations that distinct strains of mice differ in the type of immune response generated against different pathogens, and with the concept that low Ag concentrations preferentially result in high levels of IgE synthesis, which is absolutely dependent on IL-4 production.
Development of low elastic modulus die attach material and clean cure process (2002)

Thermal stress in a large silicon die bonded to a copper lead frame was investigated using the finite-element method and a die-bonding experiment. It was found that even curing at a temperature as low as 100 degrees C is not sufficient to reduce the thermal stress and that decreasing the Young's modulus of the die-bond adhesive to less than 100 MPa is more effective than lowering the cure temperature. Based upon the calculation results, silicon elastomer with a hydrosilylation reaction curing mechanism was selected as a die-bond adhesive, considering both reliability and productivity. Volatile organic species such as cyclic siloxane were intensively removed from the adhesive to minimize contamination on the die surface. Furthermore, a clean curing process was developed to increase the process margin. The newly developed die-bond adhesive, together with the novel curing system, has enabled the bonding of a large die to a copper lead frame with good reliability and productivity. This technology has been applied to the assembly of memory device packages.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS OF WIND TURBINE FAULTS: A DATA MINING APPROACH (2011)

Wind industry is expanding rapidly to meet the current energy challenges. The expansion in quantity and size of the wind turbines will also increase the operation and maintenance (O&amp;M) cost. Monitoring the performance of wind turbines can reduce the O&amp;M cost. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system records various wind turbine parameters that can be analyzed for performance monitoring. Data mining provides an easy yet robust approach to performance monitoring by analyzing historical data. In the research reported in this paper, data mining techniques are investigated to monitor faults related wind turbines generators and blades. Data mining algorithms namely boosting tree (BT), support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), and Genetic programming (GP) are employed to build prediction models.
NOTES ON THE TRANSFER OF OVERSEAS LENDING AND GRANTS (1962)

NOTES ON THE TRANSFER OF OVERSEAS LENDING AND GRANTS Get access A. G. FORD A. G. FORD University of Leicester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oxford Economic Papers, Volume 14, Issue 1, February 1962, Pages 94–102, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.oep.a040890 Published: 01 February 1962
Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of solid-liquid and enzyme-assisted extraction of phenolic compound from three species of tropical<i>Sargassum</i> (2017)

International audience
Influence of the peptide-chain length on disulphide-bond formation in neurohypophysial hormones and analogues (1978)

(8-Arginine)vasopressin, (8-arginine)vasotocin, oxytocin and oxypressin, the 'ring' derivatives pressinamide and tocinamide, and the extended-chain analogues Pro-Arg-Val-(8-arginine)vasopressin and (8-arginine)vasopressinoyl-Ala-Met-Ala-NH(2), were synthesized by the solid-phase method and purified by sequential gel filtration on Sephadex G-15 in 50% acetic acid and 0.2M-acetic acid. Controlled oxidation of the thiol groups of the reduced peptides obtained after deprotection with sodium in liquid ammonia gave rise to products that depended on the length of the peptide chain: (i) nonapeptides gave monomer and dimer species, (ii) hexapeptides produced mixtures containing higher polymers, and (iii) dodecapeptides gave predominantly monomer with some dimerized material. The evidence suggests that the presence of the acyclic tail tripeptide in the nonapeptide hormones induces a conformation in the preceding hexapeptide that favours the formation of an intramolecular disulphide bond. For (8-arginine)vasopressin, intramolecular disulphide-bond formation is enhanced by extension of the peptide chain from either the N- or the C-terminus. The possible significance of these studies to neurohypophysial hormone-prohormone relationships is discussed.
Assessment of Two Commercial Susceptibility Test Methods for Determination of Daptomycin MICs (2006)

Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with activity against several important gram-positive bacterial pathogens, including drug-resistant staphylococci and enterococci. Because the mechanism of action of daptomycin is calcium-dependent depolarization of the cell membrane, susceptibility testing requires medium supplemented with a physiological level of calcium. This study assessed two Food and Drug Administration-cleared commercial test devices for determination of daptomycin MICs, Etest and JustOne. A collection of 220 selected isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, E. avium, E. durans, E. casseliflavus, and E. gallinarum, were tested by both methods. Included in the collection were 22 S. aureus and 14 Enterococcus sp. isolates that were recovered from patients and were nonsusceptible on the basis of the daptomycin MICs. As the reference method for comparison, all isolates were tested by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method incorporating cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth with 50 microg/ml calcium. Daptomycin MICs agreed, within 1 twofold dilution, for 97% of the isolates by Etest and for 100% by JustOne. However, daptomycin MICs determined by Etest were 1 dilution lower than the reference MICs for 65% of the Enterococcus sp. isolates tested. This resulted in 28.5% very major (VM) errors (4/14) with enterococci (all E. faecium) but none (0/22) with staphylococci. Use of JustOne yielded MICs that were 1 dilution lower than the reference MICs for 69% of the staphylococci and 25% of the enterococci. This resulted in 13.6% VM errors (3/22) with staphylococci and 14.3% VM errors (2/14) with enterococci. The manufacturer-recommended JustOne inoculum preparation resulted in mean colony counts of only 5 x 10(4) to 1 x 10(5) CFU/ml in the wells of the strip. Increasing the inoculum to 3 x 10(5) to 4 x 10(5) CFU/ml eliminated two of five VM errors upon retesting. No major interpretive errors occurred with either device. In summary, daptomycin MICs generated by the Etest or JustOne method generally agreed within 1 dilution of the reference daptomycin MICs. However, both devices produced slightly lower MICs that resulted in some VM errors.
State Assignments for Asynchronous Sequential Machines (1971)

In this paper, a heuristic state assignment algorithm for asynchronous sequential machines is presented. Machines realized by this assignment scheme will result in circuits having a small amount of gate inputs and operating in single transition time. It is also shown that for a flow table having m <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> input columns, m input variables, and d stable states, the number of gate inputs required for a single transition time realization is bounded by d(m <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> +m+1).
Clustering over Multiple Evolving Streams by Events and Correlations (2007)

In applications of multiple data streams such as stock market trading and sensor network data analysis, the clusters of streams change at different time because of the data evolution. The information of evolving cluster is valuable to support corresponding online decisions. In this paper, we present a framework for Clustering Over Multiple Evolving sTreams by CORrelations and Events, which, abbreviated as COMETCORE, monitors the distribution of clusters over multiple data streams based on their correlation. Instead of directly clustering the multiple data streams periodically, COMET-CORE applies efficient cluster split and merge processes only when significant cluster evolution happens. Accordingly, we devise an event detection mechanism to signal the cluster adjustments. The coming streams are smoothed as sequences of end points by employing piecewise linear approximation. At the time when end points are generated, weighted correlations between streams are updated. End points are good indicators of significant change in streams, and this is a main cause of cluster evolution event. When an event occurs, through split and merge operations we can report the latest clustering results. As shown in our experimental studies, COMET-CORE can be performed effectively with good clustering quality.
The Significance of Bacterial Allergy As a Sign of Resistance (1925)

Abstract We have been occupied for a number of years in the study of bacterial allergy, focusing particularly upon the tuberculin reaction, since this represents the most easily observed and thoroughly controlled form of bacterial hypersusceptibility. In previous studies we had satisfied ourselves that such reactions in bacterial infection differed in several fundamental respects from true protein anaphylaxis. This discrepancy we believe depends upon the fact that the chemical and physical properties of the bacterial constituents which take part in these reactions differ materially from those of the coagulable proteins involved in true anaphylaxis. With Petroff, one of the writers has shown that tuberculin allergy, of considerable intensity and over prolonged periods, can be induced with dead tubercle bacilli, and, with this determined, it seemed advisable to investigate whether or not allergy so induced could establish increased resistance against subsequent infection with living organisms. The thought that allergic hypersusceptibility might indicate increased resistance is an obvious deduction from the earlier super-infection experiments of Koch and suggestions of such a conception may be found in the earlier literature of the German writers and notably in the publications of Baldwin and of Krause.
A Great Challenge (2011)

Evaluations, benchmarks, and challenges are essential for scientific advancement of multimedia. A great challenge is still needed to capture imagination of the broader community and mark our progress in the multimedia field.
Hot off the press (2006)

A personal selection of 38 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products, such as the first naturally occurring cyclonucleoside, N3,5′-cycloxanthosine, from an Eryus species.
A Zinc Oxide Varistor Protective System for Series Capacitors (1981)

A new series capacitor protective system based upon zinc oxide varistor technology has been developed. The new system offers the advantages of instantaneous reinsertion of the series capacitors after an external line section fault and elimination of mechanical action for normal protective operation. This paper describes the general operation of the new system and the equipment and testing of a field prototype.
Linezolid Has Unique Immunomodulatory Effects in Post-Influenza Community Acquired MRSA Pneumonia (2015)

Linezolid has unique immunomodulatory effects on host inflammatory response and lung injury in a murine model of post-viral cMRSA pneumonia.
An in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo demonstration of the lipolytic effect of slimming liposomes: An unexpected alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism. (2002)

Most of the slimming products already developed for cosmetic applications did not result from strategies that integrate whole lipolysis-regulating mechanisms. We thus focused our attention on a more complete integration of these mechanisms and we developed slimming liposomes (SLC) containing two micro-circulation activators, i.e., esculoside and Centella asiatica extracts, one phosphodiesterase inhibitor, i.e., caffeine, and one fatty acid-beta oxidation activator, i.e., L-carnitine. The validity of our approach was assessed through (a) in vitro tests demonstrating that SLC induced a dramatic increase in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content in human adipocytes, with a subsequent rise in the nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) content of human adipocyte incubation medium, and (b) in vivo studies showing that SLC could provide an actual potent slimming effect on human volunteers. Moreover, we give here, through binding experiments, the unambiguous demonstration that SLC is able to antagonize the alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor that is known to reduce intracellular AMPc content and, subsequently, to down-regulate lipolysis. This alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism has never been reported for any component of SLC, and this work is the first demonstration of the alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonism of such a combination of active liposome compounds.
Relationship of Two Vertical Jumping Tests to Sprint and Change of Direction Speed among Male and Female Collegiate Soccer Players (2016)

In collegiate level soccer acceleration, maximal velocity and agility are essential for successful performance. Power production is believed to provide a foundation for these speed qualities. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of change of direction speed, acceleration, and maximal velocity to both the counter movement jump (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) in collegiate soccer players. Thirty-six NCAA Division II soccer players (20 males and 16 females) were tested for speed over 10 and 30 m, CODS (T-test, pro agility) and power (CMJ, SJ). Independent t-tests (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) were used to derive gender differences, and Pearson's correlations (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) calculated relationships between the different power and speed tests. Female subjects displayed moderate-to-strong correlations between 30 m, pro agility and T-test with the CMJ (<i>r</i> = -0.502 to -0.751), and SJ (<i>r</i> = -0.502 to -0.681). Moderate correlations between 10 and 30 m with CMJ (<i>r</i> = -0.476 and -0.570) and SJ (<i>r</i> = -0.443 and -0.553, respectively) were observed for males. Moderate to strong relationships exist between speed and power attributes in both male and female collegiate soccer players, especially between CMJ and maximal velocity. Improving stretch shortening cycle (SSC) utilization may contribute to enhanced sport-specific speed.
The Evolutionarily Conserved N-terminal Region of Cbl Is Sufficient to Enhance Down-regulation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (2000)

The mammalian proto-oncoprotein Cbl and its homologues in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila are evolutionarily conserved negative regulators of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R). Overexpression of wild-type Cbl enhances down-regulation of activated EGF-R from the cell surface. We report that the Cbl tyrosine kinase-binding (TKB) domain is essential for this activity. Whereas wild-type Cbl enhanced ligand-dependent EGF-R ubiquitination, down-regulation from the cell surface, accumulation in intracellular vesicles, and degradation, a Cbl TKB domain-inactivated mutant (G306E) did not. Furthermore, the transforming truncation mutant Cbl-N (residues 1-357), comprising only the Cbl TKB domain, functioned as a dominant negative protein. It colocalized with EGF-R in intracellular vesicular structures, yet it suppressed down-regulation of EGF-R from the surface of cells expressing endogenous wild-type Cbl. Therefore, Cbl-mediated down-regulation of EGF-R requires the integrity of both the N-terminal TKB domain and additional C-terminal sequences. A Cbl truncation mutant comprising amino acids 1-440 functioned like wild-type Cbl in down-regulation assays. This mutant includes the evolutionarily conserved TKB and RING finger domains but lacks the less conserved C-terminal sequences. We conclude that the evolutionarily conserved N terminus of Cbl is sufficient to effect enhancement of EGF-R ubiquitination and down-regulation from the cell surface.
Synthesis of Hydroxycarboxylic Acid Vinyl Esters (1994)

The conversion of hydroxycarboxylic acids with primary or secondary hydroxy functions into the corresponding vinyl esters was successfully achieved under basic conditions in presence of vinyl acetate and palladium(II) acetate as catalyst. Side reactions, which were previously frequently interfering with these transformations, have been studied and reaction conditions optimised to reach maximum product yield.
Chromium and Vanadium (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChromium and VanadiumEarl HayesCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1961, 53, 2, 105–107Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1961https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50614a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50614a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views264Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Clinical and Demographic Stratification of Test Performance: A Pooled Analysis of Five Laboratory Diagnostic Methods for American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (2010)

We evaluated performance characteristics of five diagnostic methods for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Patients who came to the Leishmania Clinic of Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia in Lima, Peru, were enrolled in the study. Lesion smears, culture, microculture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and leishmanin skin test (LST) were performed. A total of 145 patients with 202 lesions were enrolled: 114 patients with 161 lesions fulfilled criteria for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Sensitivity and specificity were 57.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 50.2-65.4%) and 100.0% for culture, 78.3% (95% CI = 71.9-84.7%) and 100.0% for microculture, 71.4% (95% CI = 64.4-78.4%) and 100.0% for smears, 78.2% (95% CI = 70.6-85.8%) and 77.4% (95% CI = 62.7-92.1%) for LST, and 96.9% (95% CI = 94.2-99.6%) and 65.9% (95% CI = 51.4-80.4%) for PCR. PCR was more sensitive than the other assays (P < 0.001). Sensitivities of culture, smears, and LST varied by lesion duration and appearance. PCR offers performance advantages over other assays, irrespective of patient age, sex, lesion duration, or appearance. That clinical factors influence performance of non-molecular assays offers clinicians a patient-focused approach to diagnostic test selection.
A robust trajectory tracking control of industrial robot manipulators using fuzzy logic (2002)

The paper proposes the design of a controller for trajectory tracking of robot manipulators using fuzzy logic. The proposed controller is based on an integration of conventional control and fuzzy logic. To illustrate its performance, the proposed controller is applied to the trajectory tracking of a two degree of freedom robot arm. Computer simulations show good properties of the proposed controller.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Responses of horses vaccinated with avirulent modified-live equine arteritis virus propagated in the E. Derm (NBL-6) cell line to nasal inoculation with virulent virus. (1986)

Nineteen horses with no prior experience with equine arteritis virus (EAV) were inoculated IM with an avirulent live-virus vaccine against equine viral arteritis; the vaccinal virus had been passaged serially 131 times in primary cell cultures of equine kidney, 111 times in primary cell cultures of rabbit kidney, and 16 times in an equine dermis cell line (EAV HK-131/RK-111/ED-16). Three or 4 of the vaccinated horses each, along with appropriate nonvaccinated controls, were inoculated nasally with virulent EAV at each of months 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 after they were vaccinated. The following was concluded: Vaccination did not induce clinical signs of disease in any horse and, thus, seemed safe for use in the field. All vaccinated horses (n = 19) developed serum-neutralizing antibodies to EAV. Fourteen of the vaccinated horses were completely protected from clinical arteritis when exposed to large doses of virulent EAV. Four were partially protected, and one had little or no protection. Six of 13 nonvaccinated horses died of acute arteritis, and the remaining 7 horses experienced severe signs of disease, but survived the infection. All horses (n = 32), whether vaccinated or not, became infected when inoculated nasally with virulent EAV. Virus was recovered from 17 of the 19 vaccinated horses, and all 19 had a secondary humoral immune response. The duration and severity of thermal reaction and persistence of virus were more transitory in vaccinated horses than in the nonvaccinated controls. Protection afforded by this vaccine can persist for at least 24 months, the maximal time after horses were vaccinated that immunity was challenged in the present study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)