gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PREPARATION OF ANHYDROUS ETHYLENIMINE: A CORRECTION (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPREPARATION OF ANHYDROUS ETHYLENIMINE: A CORRECTIONV. P. Wystrach and F. C. SchaeferCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 6, 1263Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01587a055https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01587a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views153Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Application of Polypyrrole for the Creation of Immunosensors (2002)

Abstract This review focuses on the use of conducting polymer (CP) films in electrochemical affinity sensors and emphasizes innovative designs and unique applications of immunosensors. The review covers some aspects in the application of polypyrrole (Ppy) for the creation of immunosensors. Polypyrrole film fabrication methods like solvent casting, adsorption, and electropolymerization are presented. The focus, is on electrochemically synthesized Ppy as very promising material for the formation of miniaturized electrochemical immunosensors. Polypyrrole films implemented in various capacities in amperometric, conductometric, and potentiometric immunosensor design are reviewed. The acceptance of immobilization and detection approaches used recently in affinity sensors with critical analysis applied in certain techniques is discussed. The biologically active components (BAC) used for the creation of polypyrrole-based immunosensors are described briefly. Some future trends in the development of polypyrrole-based immunosensors are predicted, as well as possible directions discussed. Keywords: conducting polymerspolypyrroleimmunosensorsimmobilizationantibody.
HOSPITALIDADE ONTEM E HOJE: UM DESAFIO ÉTICO LOCAL AO MUNDO GLOBAL (2014)

O presente artigo pretende analisar o tema da hospitalidade a partir da tradicao judaico-crista,destacando, assim, a sua dimensao etica. Nesse sentido, pretende-se mostrar que nao se podefalar da hospitalidade no inicio do cristianismo sem falar, ao mesmo tempo, da herancarecebida pelo cristianismo do mundo grego e de toda a tradicao judaica. Por isso, o tema dahospitalidade sera abordado a partir de tres perspectivas: i) a experiencia de Israel; ii) o lugarda hospitalidade na pratica de Jesus; e, iii) a hospitalidade no nascimento do cristianismo.
Scaling high-order character language models to gigabytes (2005)

We describe the implementation steps required to scale high-order character language models to gigabytes of training data without pruning. Our online models build character-level PAT trie structures on the fly using heavily data-unfolded implementations of an mutable daughter maps with a long integer count interface. Terminal nodes are shared. Character 8-gram training runs at 200,000 characters per second and allows online tuning of hyperparameters. Our compiled models precompute all probability estimates for observed n-grams and all interpolation parameters, along with suffix pointers to speedup context computations from proportional to n-gram length to a constant. The result is compiled models that are larger than the training models, but execute at 2 million characters per second on a desktop PC. Cross-entropy on held-out data shows these models to be state of the art in terms of performance.
Demonstration of In-Car Doppler Laser Radar at 1.55 $ \mu\hbox{m}$ for Range and Speed Measurement (2012)

Laser radar provides better spatial resolution than millimeter-wave radar (MWR) due to the high directivity of the laser beam. However, commercial in-car laser radar approximates the target speed by a range differentiation method, which has the problems of excessive time consumption and the introduction of large errors. In this paper, a new Doppler laser radar scheme for simultaneously measuring target range and speed in automotive applications is presented. The scheme includes a new laser radar architecture, a new method to modulate the transmitted signal, and a method for calculating the range and speed from the signal returned from the target. The length of the transmitted signal is several microseconds, giving the possibility of realizing a high scan speed in automotive applications. In addition, simulations based on Simulink/Matlab were carried out to validate the proposed scheme. Finally, an experimental demonstration of simultaneous range and speed measurements was performed. The moving target for the experiment was a highly reflecting sheet attached to an electric grinder.
Maternal Plasma P-selectin at 11 to 13 Weeks of Gestation in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (2010)

In pregnancies that develop preeclampsia there is evidence of platelet activation from the first trimester. However, there is no direct link between the degree of impaired placentation and platelet activation.
Outcomes and Cost of Outpatient or Inpatient Management of 712 Patients With Febrile Neutropenia (2008)

Outpatient management of low-risk patients with FN is as safe and effective as inpatient management of low-risk patients and is significantly less costly.
DuP 753 is a specific antagonist for the angiotensin receptor. (1991)

2-n-Butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxy-methyl-1-[(2'-(1H)-tetrazol-5-yl)biph enyl-4- yl)methyl]imidazol potassium salt (DuP 753) is a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist that inhibits the contractile effects of angiotensin II competitively and shows pA2 values of 8.27 on the rabbit aorta and jugular vein, 8.66 on the rat portal vein and stomach, 8.19 on the rat urinary bladder, and 8.36 on human colon, ileum, and urinary bladder. This agent (more than 10(-5) M) exhibits no agonistic activity and does not affect the contractile effects of norepinephrine, acetylcholine, bradykinin, desArg9-bradykinin, substance P, neurokinin A, neurokinin B, or bombesin in the various tissues. The present results demonstrate that DuP 753 is a potent nonpeptide antagonist with high affinity, specificity, and selectivity for the angiotensin receptor.
Comparative Investigations of Various Immunoregulatory Substances in the Delayed Type Hypersensitivity Test of the Mouse (1984)

The substances D-penicillamine, auranofin, chloroquine, levamisole, BM 41.332, azimexone, bestatin, methisoprinol (inosiplex), thymosine (fraction 5), indomethacin and cyclophosphamide were examined comparatively in the delayed type hypersensitivity test after oxazolone sensitisation in mice. It was found, that only the basal antirheumatic drugs D-penicillamine, auranofin, chloroquine and levamisole and also BM 41.332 led to a potentiation of the DTH reactions. Methisoprinol, bestatin, azimexone, thymosine fraction 5 and indomethacin had no effect on the DTH, whilst the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide led to an inhibition of the DTH reaction. It is concluded that this pharmacological model is suitable for screening of new basal drugs for rheumatoid arthritis.
17.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : High Performance OCB‐mode for Field Sequential Color LCDs (2007)

Abstract Optically compensated bend (OCB) mode is a promising technology for future high quality display devices due to its wide viewing angle without gray scale inversion and color shift, fast response speed, high contrast ratio and wide temperature range. This paper summarizes the developments of the OCB mode and the optical performance of OCB mode field sequential color LCD.
Refraction and Reflection of Surface Acoustic Waves at Boundaries of Layered Anisotropic Substrates: Gold on Lithium Niobate (1971)

Acoustic surface-wave phenomena similar to optical refraction and reflection occur at boundaries of layered regions. In the case of piezoelectric substrates the anisotropy of the substrate must be considered in determining the reflection and refraction angles at such boundaries. The results of calculations of phase velocity and energy-flow direction as a function of propagation direction for the case of gold films on Y-cut lithium niobate are given. From these results the reflection and refraction angles at the boundaries of layers are determined. The theoretical results are compared with experimental observations of the deflection of surface-wave beams at gold film boundaries. These beam deflections were determined by optical imaging of the surface-wave beams using a laser diffraction technique.
Synthesis of mutagenic heterocyclic amines PhIP and DMIP (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of mutagenic heterocyclic amines PhIP and DMIPTominari Choshi, Akiko Tonari, Haruyuki Yoshioka, Kenichi Harada, Eiichi Sugino, and Satoshi HibinoCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 27, 7952–7954Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00079a055https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00079a055research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Identification and characterization of PEBP as a calpain substrate (2006)

Calpains are calcium- and thiol-dependent proteases whose dysregulation has been implicated in a number of diseases and conditions such as cardiovascular dysfunction, ischemic stroke, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the effects of calpain activity are evident, the precise mechanism(s) by which dysregulated calpain activity results in cellular degeneration are less clear. In order to determine the impact of calpain activity, there is a need to identify the range of specific calpain substrates. Using an in vitro proteomics approach we confirmed that phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) as a novel in vitro and in situ calpain substrate. We also observed PEBP proteolysis in a model of brain injury in which calpain is clearly activated. In addition, with evidence of calpain dysregulation in AD, we quantitated protein levels of PEBP in postmortem brain samples from the hippocampus of AD and age-matched controls and found that PEBP levels were approximately 20% greater in AD. Finally, with previous evidence that PEBP may act as a serine protease inhibitor, we tested PEBP as an inhibitor of the proteasome and found that PEBP inhibited the chymostrypsin-like activity of the proteasome by approximately 30%. Together these data identify PEBP as a potential in vivo calpain substrate and indicate that increased PEBP levels may contribute to impaired proteasome function.
<i>In Vitro</i> Fatty Acid Synthesis and Complex Lipid Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Anabaena variabilis</i> (1984)

In vitro fatty acid synthesis was examined in crude cell extracts, soluble fractions, and 80% (NH(4))(2)SO(4) fractions from Anabaena variabilis M3. Fatty acid synthesis was absolutely dependent upon acyl carrier protein and required NADPH and NADH. Moreover, fatty acid synthesis and elongation occurred in the cytoplasm of the cell. The major fatty acid products were palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0). Of considerable interest, both stearoyl-acyl carrier protein and stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturases were not detected in any of the fractions from A. variabilis. The similarities and differences in fatty acid synthesis between A. variabilis and higher plant tissues are discussed with respect to the endosymbiotic theory of chloroplast evolution.
An automatic method for determining quaternion field boundaries for ball-and-socket joint limits (2003)

To improve the robustness of human motion synthesis and capture algorithms, our goal is to provide an effective framework for imposing joint limits and reducing ambiguities. To this end, we determine these joint limits from measures performed on human subjects and then transpose them to an intuitive joint limits formalism. We focus on the case of ball-and-socket joint limits, applied to the specific case of the shoulder complex. The first step is to measure the joint motion range using optical motion capture. We then convert the recorded values to joint poses using a coherent quaternion field representation of the joint orientation space. Finally, we obtain a closed, continuous implicit surface approximation for the quaternion orientation-space boundary delimiting the complete space of valid shoulder orientations, and allowing us to determine the closest valid posture for any given invalid one.
Fine‐Needle aspiration biopsy revisited. (1982)

Between November 1972 and December 1981, 1303 fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed on patients with head and neck masses at the Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University. The results of 649 lymph node, 227 salivary gland, 286 thyroid, and 41 miscellaneous aspiration biopsies are reviewed. No radical treatment resulted from false positive diagnoses and no patient delay in treatment occurred because of false negative results. Techniques for performing the procedure are briefly reviewed. Cost containment is stressed, particularly the savings that occur when the diagnosis is not neoplastic. Future developments and uses of the procedure are discussed.
Stabilization of Water Droplets in an Oily Matrix Exclusively by Gel Formation (2012)

Abstract As droplets in emulsions are thermodynamically unstable, surfactants are required for their stabilization. However, these additives often are unwanted due to legal restrictions and possible health threats. Gelling of the aqueous phase poses one promising alternative. Only droplet‐forming processes like microfluidic devices are known to successfully work so far for stabilization by gelling. As these processes are hard to scale‐up and tend to foul, a technical alternative based on commonly used high‐pressure homogenization is investigated. A nozzle was adapted by adding a micromixer directly behind the orifice outlet. This allowed gelling and stabilizing the droplets by feeding a cold oil stream immediately after droplet breakup. Up to 40 wt‐% droplets with Sauter mean diameters down to the micrometer range could be successfully stabilized.
Network performance of packet video on a local area network (1992)

Simulation was used to determine feasible operating regions for sending packet video over a carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) LAN. Simulation studies were used to compute the percentage of lost video frames and project the number of video sessions that can be carried by an Ethernet. The analysis was used to validate the simulation and applied in a limited way to video teleconferencing scenarios. There are three major conclusions. First, a number of video sessions of this type can be successfully supported on a moderately loaded Ethernet. Second, short data packets appear to suffer longer delays than video packets at higher channel utilizations. Third, reliable video sessions appear possible below a maximum channel utilization that was found to hold across a number of mixes of data and video teleconferencing packets on the channel.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intrinsic mineralization defect in<i>Hyp</i> mouse osteoblasts (1998)

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is caused by inactivating mutations of PEX, an endopeptidase of uncertain function. This defect is shared by Hyp mice, the murine homologue of the human disease, in which a 3' Pex deletion has been documented. In the present study, we report that immortalized osteoblasts derived from the simian virus 40 (SV40) transgenic Hyp mouse (TMOb-Hyp) have an impaired capacity to mineralize extracellular matrix in vitro. Compared with immortalized osteoblasts from the SV40 transgenic normal mouse (TMOb-Nl), osteoblast cultures from the SV40 Hyp mouse exhibit diminished 45Ca accumulation into extracellular matrix (37 +/- 6 vs. 1,484 +/- 68 counts . min-1 . microgram protein-1) and reduced formation of mineralization nodules. Moreover, in coculture experiments, we found evidence that osteoblasts from the SV40 Hyp mouse produce a diffusible factor that blocks mineralization of extracellular matrix in normal osteoblasts. Our findings indicate that abnormal PEX in osteoblasts is associated with the accumulation of a factor(s) that inhibits mineralization of extracellular matrix in vitro.
Morphological Characterization of Elastin-Mimetic Block Copolymers Utilizing Cryo- and Cryoetch-HRSEM (2003)

Elastin-mimetic block copolymers were produced by genetic engineering. Genetically driven synthesis permitted control of the final physiochemical characteristics of the block copolymers. We designed BB and BAB block copolymers in which the A-block was hydrophilic and the B-block was hydrophobic. By designing the copolymers in this manner, it was proposed that they would self-assemble into micellar aggregates that, at high concentration, would form thermoreversible hydrogels. To analyze the three-dimensional fine surface morphology of the copolymers, to the resolution level of a few nanometers, we employed cryo-HRSEM. This method provided vast expanses of the specimen in its frozen hydrated state for survey. In our initial cryo-HRSEM studies, we observed the protein filaments and micelles surrounded by lakes of vitreous ice. Upon examination at low and intermediate magnifications, there was an extensive honeycomb-like filamentous network. To delineate the fine morphology of the hydrogel network at high magnification and to greater depths, we cryoetched away unbound water from the sample surface, in high vacuum, prior to chromium deposition. By using this technique, we were able to visualize for characterization purposes the fine fibril networks formed from the micellar aggregates over the surface of the hydrogel.
Distribution of precursor amyloid-beta-protein messenger RNA in human cerebral cortex: relationship to neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic plaques. (1988)

Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and neuritic plaques (NP), two neuropathological markers of Alzheimer disease, may both contain peptide fragments derived from the human amyloid beta protein. However, the nature of the relationship between NFT and NP and the source of the amyloid beta proteins found in each have remained unclear. We used in situ hybridization techniques to map the anatomical distribution of precursor amyloid-beta-protein mRNA in the neocortex of brains from three subjects with no known neurologic disease and from five patients with Alzheimer disease. In brains from control subjects, positively hybridizing neurons were present in cortical regions and layers that contain a high density of neuropathological markers in Alzheimer disease, as well as in those loci that contain NP but few NFT. Quantitative analyses of in situ hybridization patterns within layers III and V of the superior frontal cortex revealed that the presence of high numbers of NFT in Alzheimer-diseased brains was associated with a decrease in the number of positively hybridizing neurons compared to controls and Alzheimer-diseased brains with few NFT. In contrast, no correlation was found between the densities of NP and neurons containing precursor amyloid-beta-protein mRNA transcripts. These findings suggest that the expression of precursor amyloid-beta-protein mRNA may be a necessary but is clearly not a sufficient prerequisite for NFT formation. In addition, these results may indicate that the amyloid beta protein, present in NP in a given region or layer of cortex, is not derived from the resident neuronal cell bodies that express the mRNA for the precursor protein.
Simple and low-cost technique for wavelength division multiplexing channel monitoring (2000)

Operation and management of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems require the monitoring of optical channel frequency and power. We propose a simple and low-cost solution for tracking the frequency of WDM channels, based on the thermooptic tuning of single or coupled-cavities Fabry-Perot silicon optical filters. The fabricated structures are single-cavity filters exhibiting, thanks to a suitable coating stack on both cavity sides, high finesse and narrow bandwidth. Moreover, the free spectral range is large compared to the channel spacing, enabling the monitoring of one carrier frequency at a time. By means of a heater, we change the cavity refractive index and move the transmission peaks, thus scanning the WDM frequency set. In particular, we demonstrate the possibility to resolve up to seven 50-GHz-spaced channels with a crosstalk of -10 dB at wavelengths around 1550 nm. Better performances, in terms of resolvable channels and crosstalk can be obtained by using two coupled cavities, having a common resonance peak and different free spectral ranges. The global optical transfer function of such a cascade shows only one transmission peak in a frequency range of about 30 nm, and can be thermally tuned in this range.
SIGFRED: a low-power DTMF and signaling frequency detector (1991)

A CMOS circuit is presented containing an analog switched-capacitor processor for detection of dual-tone multifrequency, (DTMF) and signaling tones on a telephone subscriber line and a digital detection algorithm for postprocessing. The major issues for the design were that it should be compatible with a CMOS fabrication process for microcontrollers to be included as an on-chip component and that its power consumption should be as low as possible. It has been designed to work with a current of less than 0.5 mA at low supply voltages (2.5-3 V). The maximum supply voltage is limited to 6 V by the process.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>