gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of Inter-Femtocell Interference with Adaptive Fractional Frequency Reuse (2010)

In this paper, we consider the use of fractional frequency reuse (FFR) to mitigate inter-femtocell interference in multi-femtocell environments. The use of universal frequency reuse can be said optimum in terms of the ergodic system spectral efficiency. However, it may cause inter-femtocell interference near the cell edge, making it difficult to serve the whole cell coverage. To alleviate this problem, we adjust the frequency reuse factor with the aid of femtocell location information. The proposed scheme can provide reasonably high ergodic system spectral efficiency, while assuring a desired performance near the cell boundary. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is quite effective in indoor environments such as residential or office buildings.
High-Resolution Seafloor Absolute Pressure Gauge Measurements Using a Better Counting Method (2016)

Abstract Vibrating quartz force transducers are the critical component of most deep-sea pressure and depth gauges in use in oceanography, producing a frequency output that varies with pressure. Accurate and low drift pressure measurements can be obtained by precisely measuring this frequency. In most implementations, the frequency is determined by counting the number of cycles of a high-frequency standard oscillator occurring during a large number of cycles of the lower-frequency quartz force oscillator. Resolution is limited by the sampling interval (length of counting) and the frequency of the frequency standard. Alternative counting methods can provide significant (20–40 dB) improvements in resolution at sampling rates above 1 Hz. Each counting method can be described as a different filter applied to the output of a counter of the frequency standard gated at each transition of the transducer quartz oscillator. Improvements in resolution can be understood as the result of minimizing the aliasing of higher-frequency counting noise into the spectrum below the Nyquist frequency. A simple multipole infinite impulse response (IIR) filter designed to limit spectral leakage of high-frequency noise minimizes the noise spectrum and thereby optimizes the resolution of the pressure output. The resultant noise spectrum rises as frequency squared above 1 Hz, independent of the sampling rate. At frequencies below 1 Hz, it is limited by noise in the electronics driving the force transducer quartz oscillator. Resolution increases with frequency of the frequency standard up to about 200 MHz, plateauing for higher frequencies due to other noise sources (likely electronic).
Coupling among growth rate response, metabolic cycle, and cell division cycle in yeast (2011)

We studied the steady-state responses to changes in growth rate of yeast when ethanol is the sole source of carbon and energy. Analysis of these data, together with data from studies where glucose was the carbon source, allowed us to distinguish a "universal" growth rate response (GRR) common to all media studied from a GRR specific to the carbon source. Genes with positive universal GRR include ribosomal, translation, and mitochondrial genes, and those with negative GRR include autophagy, vacuolar, and stress response genes. The carbon source-specific GRR genes control mitochondrial function, peroxisomes, and synthesis of vitamins and cofactors, suggesting this response may reflect the intensity of oxidative metabolism. All genes with universal GRR, which comprise 25% of the genome, are expressed periodically in the yeast metabolic cycle (YMC). We propose that the universal GRR may be accounted for by changes in the relative durations of the YMC phases. This idea is supported by oxygen consumption data from metabolically synchronized cultures with doubling times ranging from 5 to 14 h. We found that the high oxygen consumption phase of the YMC can coincide exactly with the S phase of the cell division cycle, suggesting that oxidative metabolism and DNA replication are not incompatible.
Microstructures and fatigue properties of electron beam welds with beam oscillation for heavy section TC4-DT alloy (2014)

With the development of the manufacturing technology, electron beam welding(EBW) is capable of producing titanium alloy large parts in aero fields. To increase the applications and improve the properties, EBW with beam oscillation was investigated on TC4-DT alloy with50 mm thickness. We detected the welding samples by X-ray NDT, observed the microstructures of the welds, and tested the fatigue properties of the joints. The results showed that EBW with beam oscillation improved the weld morphology as well as welding quality, and the microstructure homogeneity of the welds and HAZ along the weld penetration were also improved. The fatigue properties of the joints with beam oscillation were more excellent than those of conventional EBW, even equal to those of the base metal under high stresses. The influences of the processing and the microstructure on the properties with beam oscillation were discussed.
Inhibitory Effect of mTOR Activator MHY1485 on Autophagy: Suppression of Lysosomal Fusion (2012)

Autophagy is a major degradative process responsible for the disposal of cytoplasmic proteins and dysfunctional organelles via the lysosomal pathway. During the autophagic process, cells form double-membraned vesicles called autophagosomes that sequester disposable materials in the cytoplasm and finally fuse with lysosomes. In the present study, we investigated the inhibition of autophagy by a synthesized compound, MHY1485, in a culture system by using Ac2F rat hepatocytes. Autophagic flux was measured to evaluate the autophagic activity. Autophagosomes were visualized in Ac2F cells transfected with AdGFP-LC3 by live-cell confocal microscopy. In addition, activity of mTOR, a major regulatory protein of autophagy, was assessed by western blot and docking simulation using AutoDock 4.2. In the result, treatment with MHY1485 suppressed the basal autophagic flux, and this inhibitory effect was clearly confirmed in cells under starvation, a strong physiological inducer of autophagy. The levels of p62 and beclin-1 did not show significant change after treatment with MHY1485. Decreased co-localization of autophagosomes and lysosomes in confocal microscopic images revealed the inhibitory effect of MHY1485 on lysosomal fusion during starvation-induced autophagy. These effects of MHY1485 led to the accumulation of LC3II and enlargement of the autophagosomes in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, MHY1485 induced mTOR activation and correspondingly showed a higher docking score than PP242, a well-known ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor, in docking simulation. In conclusion, MHY1485 has an inhibitory effect on the autophagic process by inhibition of fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes leading to the accumulation of LC3II protein and enlarged autophagosomes. MHY1485 also induces mTOR activity, providing a possibility for another regulatory mechanism of autophagy by the MHY compound. The significance of this study is the finding of a novel inhibitor of autophagy with an mTOR activating effect.
1.2-kW single-mode fiber laser based on 100-W high-brightness pump diodes (2012)

We have demonstrated a monolithic (fully fused), 1.2-kW, Yb-doped fiber laser with near-single-mode beam quality. This laser employs a new generation of high-brightness, fiber-coupled pump sources based on spatially multiplexed single emitters, with each pump providing 100 W at 915 nm within 0.15 NA from a standard 105/125 μm fiber. The fiber laser is end pumped through the high-reflector FBG using a 19:1 fused-fiber pump combiner, eliminating the need for pump/signal combiners. The output wavelength is 1080 nm, with a linewidth of < 0.5 nm FWHM. A peak power of 1.5 kW was reached in modulated operation (1-ms pulse duration) with M<sup>2</sup> < 1.2.
Photo-induced water–oil separation based on switchable superhydrophobicity–superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity of the aligned ZnO nanorod array-coated mesh films (2012)

Stimulus-responsive surface wettability, especially photoresponsive surface wettability, has been intensively studied. Meanwhile, multifunctional surfaces, especially for the treatment of oil contaminated water, have aroused worldwide attention. Recently, pH-responsive surfaces with controllable oil–water separation have also been reported. However, photoresponsive water–oil separation is still a challenge. Here we report photo-induced water–oil separation based on the switchable superhydrophobicity–superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity of aligned ZnO nanorod array-coated mesh films, which shows excellent controllability and high separation efficiency of different types of water–oil mixtures in an oil–water–solid three-phase system. The underwater superoleophobicity of the aligned ZnO nanorod array-coated stainless steel mesh film can effectively prevent the mesh film from being polluted by oils. This work is promising in photo-induced water–oil mixture treatments such as water-removal from a micro-reaction system and controllable filtration, and may also provide interesting insight into the design of novel functional devices based on controllable surface wettability.
Exploring the extent of ICT adoption among secondary school teachers in Malaysia (2008)

This novel analysis has demonstrated that the majority of patients in this study have not acquired M. abscessus through direct patient-to-patient transmission or a common reservoir. Tracking transmission using WGS will only realize its full potential with proper environmental screening, as well as patient sampling.
Feasibility study on beam-forming technique with 1-D mechanical beam steering antenna using niching genetic algorithm (2002)

Recently, mechanical beam steering microstrip patch array antenna was fabricated using MEMS technology, and its pattern measured by experiment. As one of its applications, the authors propose a new beam-forming method without phase shifters. Based on the radiation pattern of the element antenna, niching genetic algorithm adopting restricted competition selection (RCS) is used for the optimal synthesis of the desired radiation pattern. The proposed method successfully generates the desired beam pattern by controlling the current and angle of the element antenna.
Structure of the Silica Phase Extracted from Silica/(TPA)OH Solutions Containing Nanoparticles (2003)

Subcolloidal particles of a few nanometers in diameter are observed during the clear-solution synthesis of silicalite-1. These nanoparticles (3−5 nm) can be synthesized at room temperature starting from tetrapropylammonium (TPA) hydroxide, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and water, and they have been reported to have a uniform structure identical to that of zeolite ZSM-5 (called nanoblocks or nanoslabs). To study their structure, we followed the extraction procedure proposed in the literature to obtain a dry powder of the particles. These dried particles were analyzed with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and N2 adsorption isotherms. The results are compared with those obtained for colloidal size silicalite-1, amorphous silica, and the mesoporous silicate SBA-15. To obtain a better idea of the shape and structure of the particles, we conducted simulated annealing modeling to fit the particle shape to the fractions of Qn obtained from the 29Si MAS NMR spectra. The model structures are in excellent agreement with our NMR data and suggest a poorly defined particle shape, in contrast to previous reports. The XRD patterns of samples with particle sizes in the range of the nanoparticles were simulated using the Debye formula and the SKIP algorithm. These simulations were carried out using structural models of silicalite-1 nanocrystals, the proposed nanoblock structure, and the silica particles derived from simulated annealing. We found no evidence in support of a well-defined MFI-like structure in the extracted material. The particles contain TPA, partly associated with the particles and partly as (TPA)Cl formed by the extraction process. The evidence accumulated here is in disagreement with the well-defined structure of the nanoparticles previously reported.
Sculpting of an erodible body by flowing water (2012)

Erosion by flowing fluids carves striking landforms on Earth and also provides important clues to the past and present environments of other worlds. In these processes, solid boundaries both influence and are shaped by the surrounding fluid, but the emergence of morphology as a result of this interaction is not well understood. We study the coevolution of shape and flow in the context of erodible bodies molded from clay and immersed in a fast, unidirectional water flow. Although commonly viewed as a smoothing process, we find that erosion sculpts pointed and cornerlike features that persist as the solid shrinks. We explain these observations using flow visualization and a fluid mechanical model in which the surface shear stress dictates the rate of material removal. Experiments and simulations show that this interaction ultimately leads to self-similarly receding boundaries and a unique front surface characterized by nearly uniform shear stress. This tendency toward conformity of stress offers a principle for understanding erosion in more complex geometries and flows, such as those present in nature.
Optical techniques for real-time penetration monitoring for laser welding (2005)

Optical techniques for real-time full-penetration monitoring for Nd:YAG laser welding have been investigated. Coaxial light emission from the keyhole is imaged onto three photodiodes and a camera. We describe the spectral and statistical analyses from photodiode signals, which indicate the presence of a full penetration. Two image processing techniques based on the keyhole shape recognition and the keyhole image intensity profile along the welding path are presented. An intensity ratio parameter is used to determine the extent of opening at the rear of a fully opened keyhole. We show that this parameter clearly interprets a hole in formation or a lack of penetration when welding is performed on workpieces with variable thicknesses at constant laser power.
Coupled-inductor analysis and design (1986)

A new coupled-inductor multiple air-gap structure is proposed and analyzed. These EI and EE core configurations eliminate many of the problems associated with the earlier single air-gap structures such as: high sensitivity of ripple currents to air-gap and/or turns ratio changes, complex winding arrangements and consequent high costs and inferior thermal characteristics. To facilitate the design, critical leakage parameter I is evaluated for a whole line of EI and EE cores.
X-Ray and Optical Investigations of the Dislocation Domains in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals (1995)

In ferroelectric liquid crystals with high enough spontaneous polarization P s ≥50 nC· cm -2 the formation of special periodic structure takes place after switching off the moderate value of the electric field. There are dislocation walls which separate the regions of inclined smectic layers with the opposite signs of inclination angle δ for neighbour regions (domains). We have found that 1) angle δ is proportional to the value of the spontaneous polarization, 2) the period D of the dislocaton walls is inversely proportional to P 2 s , 3) during the electric field treatment the periodicity of domains and the tilt angle δ of the inclination of smectic layers can differ essentially in the bulk of FLC layer and near the electrode surfaces. Complicated character of SSFLC switching can be related with the interference of bulk and surface dislocation walls. The role of the charged dislocation walls in the phenomenon of volume bistability is also discussed.
Antibodies in falciparum malaria: what matters most, quantity or quality? (1992)

In view of the recent demonstration that antibodies that are protective against Plasmodium falciparum malaria may act in collaboration with blood monocytes, we have investigated the isotype content of sera from individuals with defined clinical states of resistance or susceptibility to malaria. Profound differences in the distribution of each Ig subclass and particularly in the ratio of cytophilic versus noncytophilic antibodies were found. In protected subjects, two cytophilic isotypes, IgG1 and IgG3 were found to predominate. In non-protected subjects, i.e. children and primary attack adults, three different situations were encountered: a) an imbalance in which IgG2, a non-cytophilic class, predominated (mostly seen in primary attacks); b) an imbalance in which mostly IgM antibodies predominated (a frequent event in children) or c) less frequently, an overall low level of antimalarial antibodies. Of 33 non immune subjects studied all, except one, had one of the above defects. The function of total Ig presenting such an isotype imbalance was studied in vitro in Antibody-Dependent-Cellular-Inhibition assays. Not only did IgG from protected subjects cooperate efficiently with blood monocytes, whilst IgG from non-protected groups did not, but moreover the latter inhibit the in vitro effect of the former: in competition assays whole IgG from primary attack cases with increased IgG2 content, competed with IgG from immune adults, thus suggesting that non-protected subjects had antibodies to epitopes critical for protection, but that these antibodies are non functional.
DLC-Si protective coatings for polycarbonates (2003)

In this work, a-C:H:Si (DLC-Si) films were produced onto crystalline silicon and polycarbonate substrates by the rf-PACVD technique from gaseous mixtures of CH4 + SiH4 and C2H2 + SiH4. The effects of self-bias and gas composition upon mechanical and optical properties of the films were investigated. Micro-hardness, residual stress, surface roughness and refractive index measurements were employed for characterization. By incorporating low concentrations of silicon and by exploring the more favorable conditions for the rf-PACVD deposition technique, highly adherent DLC-Si thin films were produced with reduced internal stresses (lower than 1 GPa), high hardness (around 20 GPa) and high deposition rates (up to 10 µm/h). Results that show the technological viability of this material for application as protective coatings for polycarbonates are also discussed.
Turbulent friction drag reduction over electroactive polymer smart surfaces (2009)

Both experiments and numerical simulations have provided evidence that an initially fully developed two-dimensional boundary layer, subjected to a sudden spanwise forcing, exhibits a decrease in turbulent friction drag as well as turbulent quantities such as the Reynolds shear stress and turbulent kinetic energy. In past experiments, such forcing has traditionally been in the form of cam-shaft driven spanwise wall oscillations and spanwise travelling Lorentz forcing. Computationally the forcing has been in the form of superimposed spanwise pressure gradients, spanwise travelling waves of an in-plane ﬂexible wall and spanwise travelling Lorentz forcing. The aim of this work is to take the idea a step further and develop an active surface which locally executes the motions described above and making such a system more easy to manufacture. The material chosen to build the active surface texture is electroactive polymer (EAP) which is able to undergo large deﬂections at high frequencies. This work reports the development and testing of one version of these active walls, namely one executing in-plane local oscillations with an amplitude close to the mean streak spacing in a turbulent ﬂow. The eﬀect of this surface was conﬁned to wallnormal heights on the order of the viscous sub-layer of the turbulent boundary layer, and frequency and wavelength similar to those reported in literature. Direct measurement of friction drag using a purposely-developed drag balance and extensive hot-wire measurements are presented for the systematic variation of the relevant parameters for turbulent friction drag reduction.
New developments in power electronics for the flywheel system EMAFER (2003)

The flywheel system EMAFER (electromechanical accumulator for energy reuse) is designed for propulsion of an electrically driven city bus. Recent developments involving the use of current source converters with external commutation source are summarized. A modified line-commutated converter with GTO switches is described, and results of measurements on a 100 kVA prototype are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lapatinib, a Dual EGFR and HER2 Kinase Inhibitor, Selectively Inhibits HER2-Amplified Human Gastric Cancer Cells and is Synergistic with Trastuzumab <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i> (2010)

Together, these data suggest that lapatinib has activity in HER2-amplified upper gastrointestinal cancer and supports the ongoing clinical investigation of lapatinib in patients with HER2-amplified disease.
Tailoring nanocarriers for intracellular protein delivery (2011)

Proteins play a crucial role in life, taking part in all vital processes in the body. In the past decade, there was increasing interest in delivering active forms of proteins to specific cells and organs. Intracellular protein delivery holds enormous promise for biological and medical applications, including cancer therapy, vaccination, regenerative medicine, treatment for loss-of-function genetic diseases and imaging. This tutorial review surveys recent developments in intracellular protein delivery using various nanocarriers. Methods such as lipid-mediated colloidal systems, polymeric nanocarriers, inorganic systems and protein-mediated carriers are reviewed. Advantages and limitations of current strategies, as well as future opportunities and challenges are also discussed.
Microelectronic Implementations of Connectionist Neural Networks (1987)

In this paper we discuss why special purpose chips are needed for useful implementations of connectionist neural networks in such applications as pattern recognition and classification. Three chip designs are described: a hybrid digital/analog programmable connection matrix, an analog connection matrix with adjustable connection strengths, and a digital pipelined best-match chip. The common feature of the designs is the distribution of arithmetic processing power amongst the data storage to minimize data movement.
Une cité internationale d’enfants (1949)

Buhler D. Une cité internationale d’enfants. In: Bulletin du Groupe d'études de psychologie de l'Université de Paris, 3e année n°1, 1949. pp. 20-21.
Multi-stimuli responsive trigger for temporally controlled depolymerization of self-immolative polymers (2019)

The design and development of a multi-stimuli trigger enables temporal control over trigger cleavage and subsequent depolymerization of self-immolative polymer.